0001067428au:SDBaileyOfficerMemberau:ShareSignOnIncentiveCashSettledMember2020-01-012020-12-31SilicosisProvisionMemberau:A10IncreaseInNumberOfCasesMember2021-01-012021-12-31
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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 2617 March 2021
2023
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
☐REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OR 12(G) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
☒ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 OR
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 OR
☐SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31 December 2020DECEMBER 2022
Commission file number: 1-14846
AngloGold Ashanti Limited
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Republic of South Africa
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organisation)
76 Rahima Moosa Street, Newtown,112 Oxford Road, Houghton Estate, Johannesburg, 20012198
(P.O. Box 62117, Marshalltown, 2107)Private Bag X 20, Rosebank, 2196)
South Africa
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Kandimathie Christine RamonGillian Ann Doran, Interim Chief ExecutiveFinancial Officer, Telephone: +27 1163760191 (720) 9538283
E-mail: cramon@anglogoldashanti.comgdoran@anglogoldashanti.com, 76 Rahima Moosa Street, Newtown, 112 Oxford Road,Houghton Estate,Johannesburg 2001, ,2198,South Africa
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolsName of each exchange on which registered
American Depositary SharesAUNew York Stock Exchange
Ordinary SharesAUNew York Stock Exchange*
5.125%3.375% Notes due 20222028AU/2228New York Stock Exchange
3.75% Notes due 2030AU/30New York Stock Exchange
6.50% Notes due 2040AU/40New York Stock Exchange
*    Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:
None
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:
Ordinary Shares of 25 ZAR cents each416,890,087418,600,473 
A Redeemable Preference Shares of 50 ZAR cents each2,000,000 
B Redeemable Preference Shares of 1 ZAR cent each778,896 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes xNo ☐
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes ☐ No x 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant  has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes xNo ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Check one:
Large accelerated filer x
  Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer  ☐
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.                                                        ☒x
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).☐
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:  
U.S. GAAP ☐
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board x     Other☐
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  
Yes ☐ No x


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Item 1:
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Item 2:
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Item 3:
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Item 4:
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Item 4A:
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Item 5:
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5F.Tabular disclosure of contractual obligations
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Item 9:
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Item 10:
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Item 16F:
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Item 16G:
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Item 16H:
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Item 16I:
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Item 17:
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Item 18:
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Item 19
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PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION

AngloGold Ashanti Limited

In this annual report on Form 20-F, unless the context otherwise requires, references to AngloGold, AngloGold Ashanti, AGA, the company, the Company, we, us, our, the group and the groupGroup are references to AngloGold Ashanti Limited including, as appropriate, subsidiaries and associate companies of AngloGold Ashanti Limited.

IFRS financial statements

As a company incorporated in the Republic of South Africa, AngloGold Ashanti prepares annual audited consolidated financial statements and unaudited consolidated half-year financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). These financial statements are distributed to shareholders and are submitted to the JSE Limited (JSE), as well as the New York, Australian and Ghana stock exchanges.

Currency

AngloGold Ashanti presents its consolidated financial statements in United States dollars.

In this annual report, references to rand, ZAR andor R are to the lawful currency of the Republic of South Africa, references to US dollars,dollar, dollar, USD, US$ andor $ are to the lawful currency of the United States, references to € andor Euro are to the lawful currency of the European Union, references to ARS andor Argentinean peso are to the lawful currency of Argentina, references to AUD, Australian dollar andor A$ are to the lawful currency of Australia, references to BRL andor Brazilian real are to the lawful currency of Brazil, references to TZS andor Tanzanian shilling are to the lawful currency of the United Republic of Tanzania, references to Ghanaian cedi, GHS, cedi or Gh¢ are to the lawful currency of Ghana, andreferences to CDF or Congolese franc are to the lawful currency of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, references to GBP, British pounds andor £ are to the lawful currency of the United Kingdom.Kingdom, references to Canadian dollar, CAD or C$ are to the lawful currency of Canada and references to Colombian peso or COP are to the lawful currency of Colombia.

Non-GAAP financial measures

In this annual report on Form 20-F, AngloGold Ashanti presents the financial items “total cash costs net of by-product revenue”, “total cash costs per ounce”, “all-in sustaining costs”, “all-in sustaining costs per ounce”, "all-in“all-in costs” and, “all-in costs per ounce”, and "average“average gold price received per ounce"ounce”, which are not IFRS measures. An investor should not consider these items in isolation or as alternatives to cost of sales, profit/(loss) applicable to equity shareholders, profit/(loss) before taxation, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with IFRS.IFRS or as an indicator of the Company's performance.

While the Gold Institute has provided definitions for the calculation of total cash costs net of by-product revenue, and during June 2013, the World Gold Council (WGC) published a Guidance Note (which was updated in November 2018) on “all-in sustaining costs” and “all-in costs” metrics, the calculation of total cash costs net of by-product revenue, total cash costs per ounce, all-in sustaining costs, all-in sustaining costs per ounce, all-in costs and all-in costs per ounce may vary significantly among gold mining companies, and by themselves do not necessarily provide a basis for comparison with other gold mining companies. See “—“—Glossary of selected terms—Financial terms—Total cash costs net of by-product revenue”, “—Glossary of selected terms—Financial terms—All-in sustaining costs” and “—Glossary of selected terms—Financial terms—All-in costs”. Nevertheless, AngloGold Ashanti believes that total cash costs net of by-product revenue, all-in sustaining costs and all-in costs in total and per ounce as well as "average“average gold price received per ounce"ounce” are useful indicators to investors and management as they provide:

•an indication of profitability, efficiency and cash flows;
•the trend in costs as the mining operations mature over time on a consistent basis; and
•an internal benchmark of performance to allow for comparison against other mines, both within the AngloGold Ashanti group and at other gold mining companies.

Management prepares its internal management reporting documentation, for use and decision making by the Chief Operating Decision Maker, on an attributable basis. The key metrics are based on the attributable ounces, gold income, total cash costs net of by-product revenue, all-in costs and all-in sustaining costs from each operation and as a consequence includes our share of the total cash costs net of by-product revenue, all-in costs and all-in sustaining costs of our joint ventures that are accounted for on the equity method. In a capital intensive industry, this basis allows management to make operating and resource allocation decisions on a comparable basis between mining operations irrespective of whether they are consolidated or accounted for under the equity method. This basis of calculating the metrics, where costs should be reported on the same basis as sales (i.e., if sales are reported on an attributable basis, then costs should be reported on an attributable basis), is also consistent with the World Gold Council’s Guidance Note on Non-GAAP Metrics -All-inMetrics—All-in Sustaining and All-In Costs.

Although we have shareholder rights and board representation commensurate with our ownership interests in our equity accountedequity-accounted joint ventures and review the underlying operating results including total cash costs net of by-product revenue, all-in costs and all-in sustaining costs with them at each reporting period, we do not have direct control over their operations or resulting revenue and expenses, nor do we have a proportionate legal interest in each financial statement line item. Our use of



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total cash costs net of by-product revenue, all-in costs and all-in sustaining costs on an attributable basis, is not intended to imply that we have any such control or proportionate legal interest, but rather to reflect the non-GAAP measures on a basis consistent with our internal and external segmental reporting.
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A reconciliation of both cost of sales and total cash costs as included in the company’sCompany’s audited financial statements to “all-in sustaining costs”, “all-in sustaining costs per ounce”, “all-in costs”, “all-in costs per ounce”, “total cash costs net of by-product revenue” and “total cash costs per ounce” for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 20202022 is presented herein. See “Item“Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.

Discontinued Operations

On 12 February1 October 2020, Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited ("Harmony") took effective control of AngloGold Ashanti announced that it reached an agreement to sell itsAshanti’s remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities to Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited (Harmony).liabilities. The South African asset sale was assessed as a major geographical area of operations and part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a major geographical area of operations. Accordingly, AngloGold Ashanti’s remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities were recorded as discontinued operations for the year ended and accordingly, it was classified as aat 31 December 2020. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti sold its interests in the Morila and Sadiola gold mines in Mali in November and December 2020, respectively. None of AngloGold Ashanti’s Malian assets were recorded as discontinued operation. The transaction closed on 30 September 2020.

operations.

Shares and shareholders

In this annual report on Form 20-F, references to ordinary shares, ordinary shareholders, equity shareholders and shareholders/members, should be read as common stock, common stockholders and stockholders, respectively, and vice versa.
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CERTAIN FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this document,annual report on Form 20-F, other than statements of historical fact, including, without limitation, those concerning the economic outlook for the gold mining industry, expectations regarding gold prices, production, total cash costs, all-in sustaining costs, all-in costs, cost savings and other operating results, return on equity, productivity improvements, growth prospects and outlook of AngloGold Ashanti’s operations, individually or in the aggregate, including the achievement of project milestones, commencement and completion of commercial operations of certain of AngloGold Ashanti’s exploration and production projects and the completion of acquisitions, dispositions or joint venture transactions, AngloGold Ashanti’s liquidity and capital resources and capital expenditures, the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and the outcome and consequenceconsequences of any potential or pending litigation or regulatory proceedings or environmental, health and safety issues, are forward-looking statements regarding AngloGold Ashanti’s operations, economic performance and financial condition.

These forward-looking statements or forecasts involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause AngloGold Ashanti’s actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from the anticipated results, performance or achievements expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements. Although AngloGold Ashanti believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements and forecasts are reasonable, no assurance can be given that such expectations will prove to have been correct. Accordingly, results could differ materially from those set out in the forward-looking statements as a result of, among other factors, changes in economic, social, and political and market conditions, including related to inflation or international conflicts, the success of business and operating initiatives, changes in the regulatory environment and other government actions, including environmental approvals, fluctuations in gold prices and exchange rates, the outcome of pending or future litigation proceedings, any supply chain disruptions, any public health crises, pandemics or epidemics (including the COVID-19 pandemic), and other business and operational risks and other factors, as described in “Itemincluding mining accidents. For a discussion of such risk factors, refer to “Item 3D: Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report. These factors are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause AngloGold Ashanti’s actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. Other unknown or unpredictable factors could also have material adverse effects on future results. Consequently, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

AngloGold Ashanti undertakes no obligation to update publicly or release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this annual report on Form 20-F or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except to the extent required by applicable law. All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to AngloGold Ashanti or any person acting on its behalf are qualified by the cautionary statements herein.
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GLOSSARY OF SELECTED TERMS

Financial terms
2020 notes: The $700 million aggregate principal amount of 5.375 percent notes due 2020, which were repaid at maturity in April 2020 and are no longer outstanding.
2022 notes: The $750 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125 percent notes due 2022, which were repurchased in part in October 2021 with the remainder redeemed in November 2021 and are no longer outstanding.
2028 notes: The $750 million aggregate principal amount of 3.375 percent notes due 2028.
2030 notes: The $700 million aggregate principal amount of 3.750 percent notes due 2030.
2040 notes: The $300 million aggregate principal amount of 6.50 percent notes due 2040.
All-in costs: All-in costs are all-in sustaining costs including additional non-sustaining costs which reflect the varying costs of producing gold over the life-cycle of a mine. Non-sustaining costs are those costs incurred at new operations and costs related to ‘major projects’ at existing operations where these projects will materially increase production. All-in costs per ounce is arrived at by dividing the dollar value of the sum of these cost metrics, by the ounces of gold sold.
All-in sustaining costs (AISC): During June 2013, the World Gold Council (WGC), an industry body, published a Guidance Note (which was updated in November 2018) on the “all-in sustaining costs” metric, which gold mining companies can use to supplement their overall non-GAAP disclosure. “All-in sustaining costs” is an extension of the existing “total cash cost” metric and incorporates all costs related to sustaining production and in particular recognises the sustaining capital expenditure associated with developing and maintaining gold mines. In addition, this metric includes the cost associated with developing and maintaining gold mines, the cost associated with corporate office structures that support these operations, the community and rehabilitation costs attendant with responsible mining and any exploration and evaluation costs associated with sustaining current operations. All-in sustaining costs per ounce is arrived at by dividing the dollar value of the sum of these cost metrics, by the ounces of gold sold.
Average gold price received per ounce: The attributable gold income (price received), divided by attributable ounces of gold sold.
Average number of employees: The monthly average number of production and non-production employees and contractors employed during the year, where contractors are defined as individuals who have entered into a fixed-term contract of employment with a group company or subsidiary. Employee numbers of joint ventures represent the group’sGroup’s attributable share.
Capital expenditure:or total capital (expenditure): Total capital expenditure on tangible assets.
Effective tax rate: Current and deferred taxation charge for the year as a percentage of profit before taxation.
Market spot gold price: The price of gold traded at any given moment on the Over-The-Counter (OTC) wholesale market of which the transaction will be settled in two business days’ time.
Non-foreign operation: An entity with a functional currency, the same as the parent company (ZAR), which differs from the groupGroup presentation currency (USD).
Non-sustaining capital, expenditure:non-sustaining project capital or growth capital (expenditure): Capital expenditure incurred at new operations and capital expenditure related to ‘major projects’ at existing operations where these projects will materially increase production.
Ounces of gold produced: The attributable number of gold ounces produced by the Group.
Ounces of gold sold: The attributable number of gold ounces sold by the Group.
Price received $/oz: The attributable gold income including realised non-hedge derivatives divided by attributable ounces of gold sold.
Rated bonds: The $750 million 5.125 percent bonds due 2022,2028 notes, the $700 million 3.75 percent bonds due 2030 notes and the $300 million 6.50 percent bonds due 2040.2040 notes.
Region: Defines the operational management divisions within AngloGold Ashanti Limited, namely South Africa Africa region (DRC, Ghana, Guinea and Tanzania), Australia and the Americas (Argentina and Brazil).Brazil and projects in the United States and Colombia); the South African operations were sold during 2020.
Related party: Parties are considered related if one party has the ability to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions or if such parties are under common control.
Significant influence: The ability, directly or indirectly, to participate in, but not exercise control over, the financial and operating policy decision of an entity so as to obtain economic benefit from its activities.
Stay-in-business capital (expenditure): Capital expenditure to extend useful lives of existing production assets. This includes replacement of vehicles, plant and machinery, Mineral Reserve development, deferred stripping and capital expenditure related to financial benefit initiatives, safety, health and the environment.
Strate: The licensed Central Securities Depository (CSD) for the electronic settlement of financial instruments in South Africa.



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Sustaining capital:capital or total sustaining capital (expenditure): Capital expenditure incurred to sustain and maintain existing assets at their current productive capacity in order to achieve constant planned levels of productive output.
Total cash costs (netnet of by-product revenue):revenue: Total cash costs net of by-product revenue include site costs for all mining, processing, andonsite administration and are inclusive ofcosts, royalties and production taxes. Depreciation, depletiontaxes, as well as contributions from by-products but exclude amortisation of tangible, intangible and amortisation,right of use assets, rehabilitation costs and other non-cash costs, retrenchment costs, corporate administration, employee severancemarketing and related costs, capital costs and exploration costs are excluded.costs. Total cash costs net of by-product revenue per ounce are theis calculated by dividing attributable total cash costs dividednet of by-product revenue by the attributable ounces of gold produced.
Weighted average number of ordinary shares: The number of ordinary shares in issue at the beginning of the year, increased by shares issued during the year, weighted on a time basis for the period during which they have participated in the income of the group,Group, and increased by share options that are virtually certain to be exercised.



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Currencies
$, US$, USD, US dollar or dollarUnited States dollar
ARS or Argentinean pesoArgentinean peso
A$, AUD or Australian dollarAustralian dollar
BRL or Brazilian realBrazilian real
£, GBP or British poundBritish pound
C$, CAD or Canadian dollarCanadian dollar
COP or Colombian pesoColombian peso
CDF or Congolese francCongolese franc
€ or EuroEuropean euro
GHS, Gh¢, Ghanaian cedi or cediGhanaian cedi
TZS or Tanzanian shillingTanzanian shilling
ZAR, R, South African rand or randSouth African rand
£, GBP or British poundBritish pound




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Mining terms
All injury frequency rate:rate (AIFR): The total number of injuries and fatalities that occurs per million hours worked.
BIF: Banded Ironstone Formation. A chemically formed iron-rich sedimentary rock.
By-products: Any potentially economic or saleable products that emanate from the core process of producing gold or copper, including silver, molybdenum and sulphuric acid.
Carbon-in-leach (CIL): Gold is leached from a slurry of ore where cyanide and carbon granules are added to the same agitated tanks. The gold loaded carbon granules are separated from the slurry and treated in an elution circuit to remove the gold.
Carbon-in-pulp (CIP): Gold is leached conventionally from a slurry of ore with cyanide in agitated tanks. The leached slurry then passes into the CIP circuit where activated carbon granules are mixed with the slurry and gold is adsorbed on to the activated carbon. The gold-loaded carbon is separated from the slurry and treated in an elution circuit to remove the gold.
Comminution: Comminution is the crushing and grinding of ore to make gold available for physical or chemical separation (see also “Milling”).
Contained gold:gold or Contained copper: The total gold or copper content (tons(tonnes multiplied by grade) of the material being described.
Cut-off grade: Cut-off grade is the grade (i.e., the concentration of metal or mineral in rock) that determines the destination of the material during mining. For purposes of establishing “prospects of economic extraction,” the cut-off grade is the grade that distinguishes material deemed to have no economic value (it will not be mined in underground mining or if mined in surface mining, its destination will be the waste dump) from material deemed to have economic value (its ultimate destination during mining will be a processing facility). Other terms used in similar fashion as cut-off grade include net smelter return, pay limit, and break-even stripping ratio.
Depletion: The decrease in the quantity of ore in a deposit or property resulting from extraction or production.
Development: The process of accessing an orebody through shafts and/or tunneling in underground mining operations.
Development stage property: A development stage property is a property that has Mineral Reserve disclosed, but no material extraction.
Diorite: An igneous rock formed by the solidification of molten material (magma).
Doré: Impure alloy of gold and silver produced at a mine to be refined to a higher purity.
Economically viable: Economically viable, when used in the context of Mineral Reserve determination, means that the Qualified Person has determined, using a discounted cash flow analysis, or has otherwise analytically determined, that extraction of the Mineral Reserve is economically viable under reasonable investment and market assumptions.
Electrowinning: A process of recovering gold from solution by means of electrolytic chemical reaction into a form that can be smelted easily into gold bars.
Elution: Recovery of the gold from the activated carbon into solution before zinc precipitation or electrowinning.
Exploration results: Exploration results are data and information generated by mineral exploration programs (i.e., programs consisting of sampling, drilling, trenching, analytical testing, assaying, and other similar activities undertaken to locate, investigate, define or delineate a mineral prospect or mineral deposit) that are not part of a disclosure of Mineral Resource or Reserve. A registrant must not use exploration results alone to derive estimates of tonnage, grade, and production rates, or in an assessment of economic viability.
Exploration stage property: An exploration stage property is a property that has no Mineral Reserve disclosed.
Exploration target: An exploration target is a statement or estimate of the exploration potential of a mineral deposit in a defined geological setting where the statement or estimate, quoted as a range of tonnage and a range of grade (or quality), relates to mineralisation for which there has been insufficient exploration to estimate a Mineral Resource.
Feasibility study: A feasibility study is a comprehensive technical and economic study of the selected development option for a mineral project, thatwhich includes appropriately detailed assessments of all applicable Modifying Factorsmodifying factors, as defined by this section, together with any other relevant operational factors, and detailed financial analysisanalyses that are necessary to demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that extraction is reasonably justified (economically mineable).economically viable. The results of the study may reasonably serve as the basis for a final decision by a proponent or financial institution to proceed with, or finance, the development of the project. A feasibility study is more comprehensive, and with a higher degree of accuracy, than a pre-feasibility study. It must contain mining, infrastructure, and process designs completed with sufficient rigour to serve as the basis for an investment decision or to support project financing. The confidence level in the results of thea feasibility study will beis higher than thatthe confidence level in the results of a Pre-Feasibility Study (SAMREC 2016).pre-feasibility study. Terms such as full, final, comprehensive, bankable, or definitive feasibility study are equivalent to a feasibility study.



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Flotation: Concentration of gold and gold-hosting minerals into a small mass by various techniques (e.g. collectors, frothers, agitation, air-flow) that collectively enhance the buoyancy of the target minerals, relative to unwanted gangue, for recovery into an over-flowing froth phase.
Gold Produced:produced or Gold production: Refined gold in a saleable form derived from the mining process.
Grade: The quantity of goldore contained within a unit weight of gold-bearingmineralised material generally expressed in ounces per short ton of ore (oz/t), or grams per metric tonne (g/t). or ounce per short tonne for gold bearing material or Percentage copper (%Cu) for copper bearing material.
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Greenschist: A schistose metamorphic rock whose green colour is due to the presence of chlorite, epidote or actinolite.
Indicated Mineral Resource: An Indicated Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and grade or quality are estimated on the basis of adequate geological evidence and sampling. The level of geological certainty associated with an Indicated Mineral Resource is sufficient to allow a Qualified Person to apply modifying factors in sufficient detail to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. Because an Indicated Mineral Resource has a lower level of confidence than the level of confidence of a Measured Mineral Resource, an Indicated Mineral Resource may only be converted to a Probable Mineral Reserve.
Inferred Mineral Resource: An Inferred Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and grade or quality are estimated on the basis of limited geological evidence and sampling. The level of geological uncertainty associated with an Inferred Mineral Resource is too high to apply relevant technical and economic factors likely to influence the prospects of economic extraction in a manner useful for evaluation of economic viability. Because an Inferred Mineral Resource has the lowest level of geological confidence of all Mineral Resource, which prevents the application of the modifying factors in a manner useful for evaluation of economic viability, an Inferred Mineral Resource may not be considered when assessing the economic viability of a mining project, and may not be converted to a Mineral Reserve.
Initial assessment (also known as concept study, scoping study, conceptual study and preliminary economic assessment): An initial assessmentis a preliminary technical and economic study of the economic potential of all or parts of mineralisation to support the disclosure of Mineral Resource. The initial assessment must be prepared by a Qualified Person and must include appropriate assessments of reasonably assumed technical and economic factors, together with any other relevant operational factors, that are necessary to demonstrate at the time of reporting that there are reasonable prospects for economic extraction. An initial assessment is required for disclosure of Mineral Resource but cannot be used as the basis for disclosure of Mineral Reserve.
Leaching: Dissolution of gold from crushed or milled material, including reclaimed slime, prior to adsorption on to activated carbon or direct zinc precipitation.
Life of mine (LOM): Number of years for which an operation is planning to mine and treat ore, and is taken from the current mine plan.
Measured Mineral Resource:A Measured Mineral Resource is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and grade or quality are estimated on the basis of conclusive geological evidence and sampling. The level of geological certainty associated with a Measured Mineral Resource is sufficient to allow a Qualified Person to apply modifying factors, as defined in this section, in sufficient detail to support detailed mine planning and final evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. Because a Measured Mineral Resource has a higher level of confidence than the level of confidence of either an Indicated Mineral Resource or an Inferred Mineral Resource, a Measured Mineral Resource may be converted to a Proven Mineral Reserve or to a Probable Mineral Reserve.
Metallurgical plant: A processing plant constructed to treat ore and extract gold or copper in the case of Quebradona (and, in some cases, often valuable by-products).
Metallurgical recovery factor (MetRF): A measure of the efficiency in extracting gold from the ore.
Milling: A process of reducing broken ore to a size at which concentrating or leaching can be undertaken (see also “Comminution”).
Mine call factor:factor (MCF): The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the total quantity of recovered and unrecovered mineral product after processing with the amount estimated in the ore based on sampling. The ratio of contained gold delivered to the metallurgical plant divided by the estimated contained gold of ore mined based on sampling.
Mineral deposit: A mineral deposit is a concentration (or occurrence) of material of possible economic interest in or on the earth’s crust.
Mineralisation:The process or processes by which a mineral or minerals are introduced into rock, resulting in a potentially valuable deposit.
Mining recovery factor (MRF): This factor reflects a mining efficiency factor relating to the recovery of material during the mining process and is the variance between the tonnes called for in the mining design and what the plant receives. It is expressed in both a grade and tonnage number.



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Mineral Reserve: A Mineral Reserve is an estimate of tonnage and grade or quality of Indicated and Measured Mineral Resource that, in the opinion of the Qualified Person, can be the basis of an economically viable project. More specifically, it is the economically mineable part of a Measured or Indicated Mineral Resource, which includes diluting materials and allowances for losses that may occur when the material is mined or extracted.
Mineral Resource: A Mineral Resource is a concentration or occurrence of solid material of economic interest in or on the Earth’sEarth's crust in such form, grade or quality, and quantity that there are reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction. The location, quantity, grade, continuity and other geological characteristics of aA Mineral Resource are known, estimatedis a reasonable estimate of mineralisation, taking into account relevant factors such as cut-off grade, likely mining dimensions, location or interpreted from specific geological evidencecontinuity, that, with the assumed and knowledge, including sampling. Mineral Resources are subdivided,justifiable technical and must be so reported,economic conditions, is likely to, in orderwhole or in part, become economically extractable. It is not merely an inventory of increasing confidence in respect of geoscientific evidence, into Inferred, Indicatedall mineralisation drilled or Measured categories (SAMREC 2016).sampled.
Modifying Factors: Modifying Factorsfactors are considerations usedthe factors that a Qualified Person must apply to Indicated and Measured Mineral Resource and then evaluate in order to establish the economic viability of Mineral Reserve. A Qualified Person must apply and evaluate modifying factors to convert Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource to OreProven and Probable Mineral Reserve. These factors include, but are not restricted to, mining, processing, metallurgical, infrastructure, economic, marketing, legal,to: mining; processing; metallurgical; infrastructure; economic; marketing; legal; environmental socialcompliance; plans, negotiations, or agreements with local individuals or groups; and governmental factors. The number, type and specific characteristics of the modifying factors applied will necessarily be a function of and depend upon the mineral, mine, property, or project.
Ore Reserve:Open pit mining: That part of a mineral deposit which could be economically and legally extracted or producedAn excavation made at the timesurface of the Ore Reserve determination. It includes diluting materialsground for the purpose of extracting minerals, inorganic and allowances for losses,organic, from their natural deposits, which may occur whenexcavation is open to the material is mined or extracted and is defined by studies at prefeasibility or feasibility level as appropriate that include application of modifying factors. Such studies demonstrate that, at the time of reporting, extraction could reasonably be justified.surface.
Ounce (oz) (troy): Used in imperial statistics. A kilogram is equal to 32.1507 ounces. A troy ounce is equal to 31.1035 grams.
Pay limit: The grade of a unit of ore at which the revenue from the recovered mineral content of the ore is equal to the sum of total cash costs, closure costs, OreMineral Reserve development and stay-in-business capital. This grade is expressed as an in-situ value in grams per tonne or ounces per short ton (before dilution and mineral losses).
Precipitate:The solid product formed when a change in solution chemical conditions results in conversion of some pre-dissolved ions into solid state.
Preliminary feasibility study (pre-feasibility study): is a comprehensive study of a range of options for the technical and economic viability of a mineral project that has advanced to a stage where a Qualified Person has determined (in the case of underground mining) a preferred mining method, or (in the case of surface mining) a pit configuration, and in all cases has determined an effective method of mineral processing and an effective plan to sell the product. A pre-feasibility study includes a financial analysis based on reasonable assumptions, based on appropriate testing, about the modifying factors and the evaluation of any other relevant factors that are sufficient for a Qualified Person to determine if all or part of the Indicated and Measured Mineral Resource may be converted to Mineral Reserve at the time of reporting. The financial analysis must have the level of detail necessary to demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that extraction is economically viable. A pre-feasibility study is less comprehensive and results in a lower confidence level than a feasibility study. A pre-feasibility study is more comprehensive and results in a higher confidence level than an initial assessment.
Probable OreMineral Reserve: Ore Reserve for which quantity and grade are computed from information similar to that used for Proven Ore Reserve, but the sites for inspection, sampling, and measurement are further apart or are otherwise less adequately spaced. The degree of assurance, although lower than that for Proven OreA Probable Mineral Reserve is high enough to assume continuity between pointsthe economically mineable part of observation.an Indicated and, in some cases, a Measured Mineral Resource.
Production stage property: A production stage property is a property with material extraction of Mineral Reserve.
Productivity: An expression of labour productivity based on the ratio of ounces of gold produced per month to the total number of employees in mining operations.
Project capital: Capital expenditure to either bring a new operation into production; to materially increase production capacity; or to materially extend the productive life of an asset.
Proven OreMineral Reserve: A ‘Proven Ore Reserve’Proven Mineral Reserve is the economically mineable part of a Measured Mineral Resource and can only result from conversion of a Measured Mineral Resource.
Qualified Person: A Proven Ore Reserve impliesQualified Person, in respect of the Company's material properties, is an individual who is (1) a high degreemineral industry professional with at least five years of confidencerelevant experience in the Modifying Factors.type of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and in the specific type of activity that person is undertaking on behalf of the registrant; and (2) an eligible member or licensee in good standing of a recognised professional organisation at the time the technical report is prepared. Regulation S-K 1300 details further recognised professional organisations and also relevant experience.
Quartz: A hard mineral consisting of silica dioxide found widely in all rocks.
Recovered grade: The recovered mineral content per unit of ore treated.
Reef: A gold-bearing horizon, sometimes a conglomerate band, that may contain economic levels of gold. Reef can also be any significant or thick gold bearing quartz vein.
Refining: The final purification process of a metal or mineral.
Regulation S-K 1300: In October 2018, the SEC adopted Subpart 1300 (17 CFR § 229.1300) of Regulation S-K, along with amendments to related rules and guidance, in order to modernise the property disclosure requirements for mining registrants under the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act.
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Rehabilitation: The process of reclaiming land disturbed by mining to allow an appropriate post-mining use. Rehabilitation standards are defined by country-specific laws, including but not limited to the South African Department of Mineral Resources, the US Bureau of Land Management, the US Forest Service, and the relevant Australian mining authorities, and address among other issues, ground and surface water, topsoil, final slope gradient, waste handling and re-vegetation issues. 
Resource modification factor (RMF): This factor is applied when there is an historic reconciliation discrepancy in the Mineral Resource model (e.g. between the Mineral Resource model tonnage and the grade control model tonnage). It is expressed in both a grade and tonnage number.
Scats: Within the metallurgical plants, scats is a term used to describe ejected ore or other uncrushable / grinding media arising from the milling process. This, typically oversize material (ore), is ejected from the mill and stockpiled or re-crushed via a scats retreatment circuit. Retreatment of scats is aimed at fracturing the material such that it can be returned to the mills and processed as with the other ores to recover the gold locked up within this oversize material.
Seismic event: A sudden inelastic deformation within a given volume of rock that radiates detectable seismic energy.
Shaft: A vertical or subvertical excavation used for accessing an underground mine; for transporting personnel, equipment and supplies; for hoisting ore and waste; for ventilation and utilities; and/or as an auxiliary exit.
Short ton: Used in imperial statistics. Equal to 2,000 pounds.
Smelting: A pyro-metallurgical operation in which gold precipitate from electro-winning or zinc precipitation is further separated from impurities.
Stoping: The process of excavating ore underground.
Stripping ratio: The ratio of waste tonnes to ore tonnes mined calculated as total tonnes mined less ore tonnes mined divided by ore tonnes mined.
Tailings: Finely ground rock of low residual value from which valuable minerals have been extracted.
Tonnage: Quantity of material measured in tonnes or tons.tonnes.
Tonne: Used in metric statistics. Equal to 1,000 kilograms.
Total recordable injury frequency rate (TRIFR): The total number of recordable injuries and fatalities that occurs per million hours worked.
Underground mining: The extraction of rocks, minerals and industrial materials, other than coal, oil and gas, from the earth by developing entries or shafts from the surface to the seam or deposit before recovering the product by underground extraction methods.
Waste: Material that contains insufficient mineralisation for consideration for future treatment and, as such, is discarded.
Yield: The amount of valuable mineral or metal recovered from each unit mass of ore expressed as ounces per short ton or grams per metric tonne.
Zinc precipitation: Zinc precipitation is the chemical reaction using zinc dust that converts gold in solution to a solid form for smelting into unrefined gold bars.



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Abbreviations

%CuPercentage copper
A2XA2X Markets
AAILAngloGold Ashanti (Iduapriem) Limited
AARLAnglo American Research Laboratories
ACAircore drilling
ADRAmerican Depositary Receipt
ADSAmerican Depositary Share
AFIPArgentinean Tax Authority
AgSilver
AGACAngloGold Ashanti Colombia S.A.S.
AGAGAngloGold Ashanti (Ghana) Limited
AGAHAngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc
AGMAnnual General Meeting
AIFRAll injuryAll-injury frequency rate
AISCAll-in sustaining costs
ANLAColombian National Environmental Licencing Authority
ANMBrazilian National Mining Agency
ASXAustralian Securities Exchange
AuContained goldGold
BBBEEAusIMMThe Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
B-BBEEBroad-Based Black Economic Empowerment
BBSYBank Bill Swap Bid Rate
BEEBlack Economic Empowerment
BIFBanded iron formation
BIOXBacterial oxidation
BLMUnited States Federal Bureau of Land Management
BMRRState of Nevada Division of Environmental Protection’s Bureau of Mining Regulation and Reclamation
bnBillion
CCDCounter Current Decant system in thickeners
CDIChess Depositary Interests
CdSCórrego do Sítio
CEOChief Executive Officer
CFOChief Financial Officer
CHESSClearing House Electronic Settlement System
Companies ActCILCarbon-in-leach
CIPCarbon-in-pulp
Coeur SterlingCoeur Sterling, Inc.
Corvus GoldCorvus Gold Inc.
COSOCommittee of Sponsoring Organisations of the Treadway Commission
CPIConsumer Prices index
CSDCentral Securities Depository
CTCContributed tax capital
CuCopper
CVSACerro Vanguardia S.A.
CyanisorbCyanide Recovery Plant
DDDiamond drilling
DEIDeclaration of Environmental Impact
D&IDiversity and Inclusion
DIANColombian Tax Office
DMRESouth African CompaniesDepartment of Mineral Resources and Energy
Dodd-Frank Act No. 71United States Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2008,2010, as amended
DRCDemocratic Republic of the Congo
EHSDSPDeferred Share Plan
EHSEnvironmental, health and safety
EIAEnvironmental Impact Assessment
EPSEnhanced Production Scheduler
ERPEnterprise resource planning



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ESG
ESGEnvironmental, social and governance
EUEuropean Union
EVP/COOExecutive Vice President/Chief Operating Officer
Exchange ActUnited States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
ExComExecutive Committee
EYErnst & Young Inc.
E4VExploring for value
FCAUK Financial Conduct Authority
FMAArgentinean Federal Mining Agreement
FMSHRCUnited States Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission
FPFull Asset Potential Programme
FSFeasibility Study
FTSEFinancial Times Stock Exchange
FVTOCIFair value through other comprehensive income
FVTPLFair value through profit or loss
G or gGrams
g/tGrams per metric tonne
GCLGramalote Colombia Limited
GDPREU General Data Protection Regulation
GFWGalinheiro Footwall
GGBGeita Greenstone Belt
GGMGeita Gold Mine
GGMLGeita Gold Mine Limited
GhDSGhanaian Depositary Share
GHGGreenhouse gas emissions
GhSEGhana Stock Exchange
GISTMGlobal Industry Standard on Tailings Management
GJGigajoule
Gold FieldsGold Fields Limited
GRIGlobal Reporting Initiative
GRIDCoGhana Grid Company Limited
HDSAHistorically disadvantaged South Africans
HMEHeavy mobile equipment
IASBInternational Accounting Standards Board
ICEIntercontinental Exchange
ICMMInternational Council on Mining & Metals
IFRSInternational Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the IASB
JIBARIIRCJohannesburg Interbank Agreed RateInternational Integrated Reporting Council
IMFInternational Monetary Fund
IRSUnited States Internal Revenue Services
iSIMSIntegrated Sustainability Information Management System
ITInformation technology
JORCAustralasian Code for Reporting Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves
JSEJSE Limited (Johannesburg Stock Exchange)
JVJoint venture
King IVKCDKaragba, Chauffeur and Durba
King IVThe King Report on Corporate Governance for South Africa, 2016
Kg or kgKilograms
Km or kmKilometres
Km2
Square kilometres
KozThousand ounces
LBMALondon Bullion Market Association
LHOSLong Hole Open Stoping
LIBORLondon Interbank Offer Rate
LOMLife of mine
LOSLongitudinal Open Stoping
LRSLongitudinal Retreat Stoping
LUCLocalised Uniform Conditioning



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M or mMetre or million, depending on the context
MlbsMBCMining and Building Contractors Limited
MCFMine call factor
MCQMinera de Cobre Quebradona S.A.S. B.I.C.
MEMTanzanian Ministry of Minerals
MetRFMetallurgical recovery factor
Mine ActUnited States Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, as amended
MlbMillion pounds
MMEBrazilian Ministry of Mines and Energy
MoMolybdenum
MoIMemorandum of Incorporation
MozMillion ounces
MtMPRDAMillion tonnes or tonsSouth African Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, No. 28 of 2002
MPRDAASouth African Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Amendment Act, No. 49 of 2008
MRFMining recovery factor
mRLMetres relative level
MSGMineração Serra Grande S.A.
MSHAUnited States Department of Labor's Mine Safety and Health Administration
MSODatamine Mineable Shape Optimiser
MSRMinimum Shareholding Requirement
MtpaMillion tonnes/tonstonnes per annum
NEDNon-Executive Director
NEMASouth African National Environmental Management Act, No. 107 of 1998, as amended
NGERAustralian National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting
NGONon-governmental organisation
NHILGhanaian National Health Insurance Levy
NIHLNoise-induced hearing loss
NSRNet Smelter Return
NYSENew York Stock Exchange
OLDOccupational lung diseases
OTCOver-The-Counter
Oz or ozOunces (troy)
oz/tOunces per tontonne
oz/TECPASEAOunces per total employee costedPTP (AGAG) Smoke Effect Association
PCAOBUnited States Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
PFICPassive foreign investment company
PMMCPrecious Minerals Marketing Company Ltd
POPIASouth African Protection of Personal Information Act, No. 4 of 2013
PTPPompora Treatment Plant
PwCPricewaterhouseCoopers Inc.
QKNAQuantitative Kriging Neighbourhood Analysis
RCReverse circulation
RemcoRemuneration and Human Resources Committee
RMFResource modification factor
ROMRun of mine
RRSCMineral Resource and Mineral Reserve Steering Committee
SSulphur
SA Companies ActSouth African Companies Act, No. 71 of 2008, as amended
SACNASPSouth African Council for Natural Scientific Professions
SAGSociété AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A.
SAG millsSemi-Autogenous Grinding mills
SA Income Tax ActSouth African Income Tax Act, No. 58 of 1962, as amended
SAMRECSouth African Code for the Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves 2016 edition
SARBSouth African Reserve Bank
SARSSouth African Revenue Service
SASBSustainability Accounting Standards Board
SCBStandard Chartered Bank Ghana PLC
SECUnited States Securities and Exchange Commission



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Securities ActUnited States Securities Act of 1933, as amended
SMSShort messaging system
SMUSelective mining unit
SOFRSecured Overnight Financing Rate
SOKIMOSociété Minière de Kilo-Moto S.A.
SOXUnited States Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended
STTSecurities transfer tax
SWNVFSouthwestern Nevada volcanic field
T or tTons (short) or tonnesTonnes (metric)
TANESCOTanzania Electric Supply Company Limited
TOSTransverse Open Stoping
Tpa or tpaTonnes/tonsTonnes per annum
TRATanzanian Revenue Authority
TRIFRTotal recordable injury frequency rate
TSFTailings storage facility
UCUniform Conditioning
UNCITRALUnited Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNECAUnited Nations Economic Commission for Africa
UNGCUnited Nations Global Compact
UNGPUnited Nations Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights
UNSDGsUnited Nations Sustainable Development Goals
US/U.S./USA/United StatesUnited States of America
US/SA Double Taxation TreatyConvention Between the Government of the United States of America and the Republic of South Africa for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income and Capital Gains, signed 17 February 1997
UTMUniversal Transverse Mercator
VATValue added tax
VPSHRVoluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights
WGCWorld Gold Council
XBRLeXtensible Business Reporting Language (including in-line XBRL, i-XBRL)


Note: Rounding of figures in this annual report on Form 20-F may result in computational discrepancies.
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PART I
ITEM 1: IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS

Not applicable.


ITEM 2: OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.


ITEM 3: KEY INFORMATION


3A.    [Reserved]

3A.    SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected financial information set forth below for the years ended and as at 31 December 2020, 2019 and 2018 has been derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the IFRS financial statements included under Item 18 of this annual report. The selected financial information for the years ended and as at 31 December 2017 and 2016 has been derived from the IFRS financial statements not included in this annual report.




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  Year ended 31 December
2020201920182017
2016 (1)
$$$$$
  (in millions, except share and per share amounts)
Consolidated income statement
Revenue from product sales4,427 3,525 3,336 3,394 4,223 
Cost of sales(2,699)(2,626)(2,584)(2,607)(3,401)
Gain (loss) on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts(19)5 (2)— 19 
Gross profit1,709 904 750 787 841 
Corporate administration, marketing and other expenses(68)(82)(76)(64)(61)
Exploration and evaluation costs(124)(112)(98)(105)(133)
Impairment, derecognition of assets and p/l on disposal(1)(6)(7)(2)— 
Other expenses (income)(57)(83)(79)(150)— 
Other operating expenses— — — — (110)
Special items— — — — (42)
Operating profit (loss)1,459 621 490 466 495 
Dividends received2 — 2 — — 
Interest income27 14 8 8 22 
Foreign exchange and other gains (losses)— (12)(9)(11)(88)
Finance costs and unwinding of obligations(177)(172)(168)(157)(180)
Fair value adjustments— — — — 9 
Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit (loss)278 168 122 22 11 
Profit (loss) before taxation1,589 619 445 328 269 
Taxation(625)(250)(212)(163)(189)
Profit (loss) after taxation from continuing operations964 369 233 165 80 
Discontinued operations
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations7 (376)(83)(336)
Profit (loss) for the year971 (7)150 (171)80 
Allocated as follows
Equity shareholders
- Continuing operations946 364 216 145 63 
- Discontinued operations7 (376)(83)(336)— 
Non-controlling interests
- Continuing operations18 5 17 20 17 
971 (7)150 (171)80 
Basic earnings (loss) per ordinary share (U.S. cents)227 (3)32 (46)15 
Earnings (loss) per ordinary share from continuing operations225 87 52 35 15 
Earnings (loss) per ordinary share from discontinued operations2 (90)(20)(81)— 
Diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share (U.S. cents)227 (3)32 (46)15 
Earnings (loss) per ordinary share from continuing operations225 87 52 35 15 
Earnings (loss) per ordinary share from discontinued operations2 (90)(20)(81)— 
Dividend per ordinary share (U.S. cents)9 7 6 10 — 

(1)     The selected financial information presented for the year ended 31 December 2016 has not been reclassified for the changes in disclosure of "Special items" or restated to reflect the disposal of the South African assets and liabilities as a discontinued operation, as such financial information cannot be provided on a reclassified or restated basis without unreasonable effort and expense.

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As at 31 December
20202019201820172016
$$$$$
(in millions, except share and per share amounts)
Consolidated balance sheet data
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Tangible assets2,884 2,592 3,381 3,742 4,111 
Right of use assets142 158 — — — 
Intangible assets131 123 123 138 145 
Investments in associates and joint ventures1,651 1,581 1,528 1,507 1,448 
Other investments188 76 141 131 125 
Inventories69 93 106 100 84 
Trade, other receivables and other assets235 122 102 67 34 
Deferred taxation7 105 — 4 4 
Cash restricted for use31 31 35 37 36 
5,338 4,881 5,416 5,726 5,987 
Current assets
Other investments— 10 6 7 5 
Inventories733 632 652 683 672 
Trade, other receivables and other assets229 250 209 222 255 
Cash restricted for use42 33 31 28 19 
Cash and cash equivalents1,330 456 329 205 215 
2,334 1,381 1,227 1,145 1,166 
Assets held for sale— 601 — 348 — 
2,334 1,982 1,227 1,493 1,166 
Total assets7,672 6,863 6,643 7,219 7,153 
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Share capital and premium7,214 7,199 7,171 7,134 7,108 
Accumulated losses and other reserves(3,519)(4,559)(4,519)(4,471)(4,393)
Shareholders’ equity3,695 2,640 2,652 2,663 2,715 
Non-controlling interests45 36 42 41 39 
Total equity3,740 2,676 2,694 2,704 2,754 
Non-current liabilities
Borrowings1,789 1,299 1,911 2,230 2,144 
Lease liabilities116 126 — — — 
Environmental rehabilitation and other provisions731 697 827 942 877 
Provision for pension and post-retirement benefits83 100 100 122 118 
Trade, other payables and provisions8 15 3 3 4 
Deferred taxation246 241 315 363 496 
2,973 2,478 3,156 3,660 3,639 
Current liabilities
Borrowings142 734 139 38 34 
Lease liabilities37 45 — — — 
Trade, other payables and provisions627 586 594 638 615 
Taxation153 72 60 53 111 
959 1,437 793 729 760 
Liabilities held for sale— 272 — 126 — 
959 1,709 793 855 760 
Total liabilities3,932 4,187 3,949 4,515 4,399 
Total equity and liabilities7,672 6,863 6,643 7,219 7,153 
Number of ordinary shares as adjusted to reflect changes in share capital416,890,087 415,301,215 412,769,980 410,054,615 408,223,760 
Share capital (exclusive of long-term debt and redeemable preference shares)17 17 16 16 16 
Net assets3,740 2,676 2,694 2,704 2,754 
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Annual dividends

The table below sets forth the amounts of interim, final and total dividends declared in respect of the past five years in cents per ordinary share.
Year ended 31 December (1)(2)
20202019201820172016
South African cents per ordinary share165 95 70 130 — 
US cents per ordinary share(3)
9 7 6 10 — 

(1)From 2017 to 2019, the dividend policy allowed the company's Board of Directors, at its discretion, to declare an annual dividend to be based on 10 percent of the free cash flow generated by the business, before growth capital expenditure, for that financial year.
(2)Since 2020, the dividend policy allows the company's Board of Directors, at its discretion, to declare an annual dividend to be based on 20 percent of the free cash flow generated by the business, before growth capital expenditure, for that financial year.
(3)Dividends for these periods were declared in South African cents. US dollar cents per share figures have been calculated based on exchange rates prevailing on each of the respective payment dates.

For further information on the company’s policy on dividend distributions, see “Item 8A: Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Dividends”.


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3B.    CAPITALISATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

Not applicable.





3C.    REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.








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3D.    RISK FACTORS

This section describes many of the risks that could affect AngloGold Ashanti. There may, however, be additional risks unknown to AngloGold Ashanti and other risks, currently believed to be immaterial, that could turn out to be material. Additional risks may arise or become material subsequent to the date of this document. These risks, either individually or simultaneously, could significantly affect the group’sGroup’s business, operational and financial results and the price of its securities.

SUMMARY OF RISK FACTORS

1.Risks Related to OurAngloGold Ashanti’s Industry

•Mining companies areAngloGold Ashanti is increasingly expected to operate in a sustainable manner and to provide benefits and mitigate adverse impacts to affected communities. Failure to do so can result in legal suits, additional costs to address social or environmental impacts of operations, investor divestment, adverse reputational impacts and loss of “social licence to operate”, and could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition.
•Mining companies areAngloGold Ashanti is subject to many risks related to the development of existing and new mining projects that may adversely affect the company’sits results of operations and profitability.
•Mining companies areAngloGold Ashanti is subject to extensive and rapidly changing environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. Failure to comply with these requirements could result in enforcement proceedings, claims, suspension of operations, community protest and/or additional capital or operating expenditures that could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition or reputation.
•Compliance with tailings management requirements and standards, and potential liabilities in the event of a failure to timely comply with these requirements or an incident involving a tailings storage facility, could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition, results of operations and reputation.
•Mining companies faceAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to replace Mineral Reserve is subject to uncertainty and risks inherent in exploration, technical and economic pre-feasibility and feasibility studies and other project evaluation activities.activities as well as competition within the industry for attractive mining properties.
•Mining is inherently hazardous and the related risks of events that cause disruptions to ourAngloGold Ashanti’s mining operations may adversely impact the environment or the health, safety or security of our workers or the local community, production, cash flows and overall profitability.
•Mining operations and projects are vulnerable to supply chain disruption such that operations and development projects could be adversely affected by shortages of, as well as theextended lead times to deliver, strategic spares, critical consumables, mining equipment or metallurgical plant.
•Mining companies’AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are vulnerable to infrastructure constraints.
•Mining companies faceAngloGold Ashanti faces strong competition and industry consolidation.

2.    Risks Related to OurAngloGold Ashanti’s Operations and Business

•AngloGold Ashanti’s mineral deposits, OreMineral Reserve and mining operations are located in countries where political, tax and economic laws and policies may change rapidly and unpredictably and such changes and policies may adversely affect both the terms of its mining concessions, as well as its ability to conduct operations in certain countries.
•The prevalence of occupational health diseases and other diseases and the potential costs and liabilities related thereto may have an adverse effect on the business and results of operations of AngloGold AshantiAshanti.
•AngloGold Ashanti’s inability to retain its senior management may have an adverse effect on its business.
•AngloGold Ashanti competes with mining and other companies for key human resources with critical skills and its inability to retain key personnel could have an adverse effect on its business.
•Increased labour costs could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.
•The use of contractors at certain of the company’sCompany's operations may expose AngloGold Ashanti to delays or suspensions in mining activities and increases inincreased mining costs.
•AngloGold Ashanti’s OreMineral Reserve, deposits and mining operations are located in countries that face instability, public health and security risks that may adversely affect both the terms of its mining concessions, as well as its ability to conduct operations in certain countries.
•Labour unrest, activism and disruptions (including protracted stoppages) could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.
•Artisanal and illegal mining occurs on AngloGold Ashanti’s properties, which can disrupt the company’sCompany’s business, have adverse environmental, health, safety and security impacts, and expose the companyCompany to liability.
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•AngloGold Ashanti’s mining rights in the countries in which it operates could be altered, suspended or cancelled for a variety of reasons, including breaches in its obligations in respect of such mining rights.
•Title to AngloGold Ashanti’s properties may be uncertain and subject to challenge.





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3.    Risks Related to OurAngloGold Ashanti’s Corporate and Financing Structure and Strategy

•AngloGold Ashanti expects to have significant financing requirements.
•Sales of large quantities of AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares and American Depositary Shares (ADSs)(“ADSs”), andor the perception that these sales may occur or other dilution of the company’sCompany’s equity, could adversely affect the prevailing market price of the company’sCompany’s securities.
•AngloGold Ashanti may not pay dividends or make similar payments to shareholders in the future.
•Certain factors may affect AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to support the carrying amount of its property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and goodwill on the balance sheet. If the carrying amount of its assets is not recoverable, AngloGold Ashanti may be required to recognise an impairment charge, which could be significant.
•AngloGold Ashanti does not have full management control over some of its significant joint venture projectsventures and other interests.projects. If the operators of these joint ventures or projects do not manage these effectively and efficiently, the company’sCompany’s investment in these joint ventures or projects could be adversely affected and its reputation could be harmed.
•Any downgrade of credit ratings assigned to AngloGold Ashanti’s debt securities could increase future interest costs and adversely affect the availability of new financing.
•The level of AngloGold Ashanti’s indebtedness could adversely impact its business.
•Any acquisition or acquisitions that AngloGold Ashanti may complete may expose the companyCompany to new geographic, political, legal, social, operating, financial and geological risks.
•The occurrence of events for which AngloGold Ashanti is not insured or for which its insurance is inadequate may adversely affect cash flows and overall profitability.
•Changes in the method of determining LIBOR, or the replacement of LIBOR with an alternative reference rate, may adversely affect interest expense related to AngloGold Ashanti’s credit facilities.

4.    Market Risks

•CommodityThe price of gold, AngloGold Ashanti’s principal product, and other commodity market price fluctuations could adversely affect the profitability of operations.
•Foreign exchange fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.
•The profitability of mining companies’ operations and the cash flows generated by these operations are significantly affected by fluctuations in input production prices, many of which are linked to the prices of oil and steel.
•Fluctuations in the exchange rate of currencies may reduce the market value of AngloGold Ashanti’s securities, as well as the market value of any dividends or distributions paid by the company.Company.
•Global political and economic conditions could adversely affect the profitability of operations.
•Energy cost increases and power fluctuations and stoppages could adversely impact the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.
•Concerns about the integrity or reliability of the London Bullion Market Association (LBMA) Gold Price Benchmark could adversely affect investor interest in gold and confidence in the gold market.
•Inflation may have a material adverse effect on results of operations.

5.    Other Regulatory and Legal Risks

•Failure to comply with laws, regulations, standards and contractual obligations, breaches in governance processes or fraud, bribery and corruption may lead to regulatory penalties, loss of licences or permits, negative effects on AngloGold Ashanti’s reported financial results, and adversely affect its reputation.
•AngloGold Ashanti is subject to the risk of litigation, the causes and costs of which are not always known.uncertain.
•Compliance with “conflict minerals” and “responsible gold” legislation and standards could result in significant costs.
•AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are subject to various climate change-related physical risks which may adversely impact its production activities, mine sites and personnel and/or result in resource shortages or environmental damages.
•Compliance with emerging climate changechange-related requirements, including stricter regulations and the potential imposition of carbon taxes or GHG emissions cap-and-trading schemes or the elimination of related subsidies, that are expected to be part of a country's participation in a transition to a lower-carbon economy, could result in significant additional costs and climate changeexpose AngloGold Ashanti to additional liabilities.
•Increasing scrutiny and changing expectations from AngloGold Ashanti’s stakeholders, including communities, governments and NGOs as well as investors, lenders and other market participants, with respect to AngloGold Ashanti’s Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) performance and policies may present physicalimpact AngloGold Ashanti’s reputation, result in additional costs to meet the expectations of stakeholders, hinder access to capital or expose AngloGold Ashanti to additional risks, to a mining company’s operations.including disinvestment and litigation.
•AngloGold Ashanti’s inability to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting may have an adverse effect on investors’ confidence in the reliability of its financial statements.
•Breaches in cybersecurity and violations of data protection laws may adversely impact or disrupt AngloGold Ashanti’s business.
•U.S. securities laws do not require AngloGold Ashanti to disclose as much information to investors as a U.S. issuer is required to disclose, and investors may receive less information about the companyCompany than they might otherwise receive from a comparable U.S. company.







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Risks Related to OurAngloGold Ashanti’s Industry

Mining companies areAngloGold Ashanti is increasingly expected to operate in a sustainable manner and to provide benefits and mitigate adverse impacts to affected communities. Failure to do so can result in legal suits, additional costs to address social or environmental impacts of operations, investor divestment, adverse reputational impacts and loss of “social licence to operate”, and could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition.

As a result of public concern about the perceived ill effects of economic globalisation and resource extraction activities, businesses in general and large multinational mining corporations in particular face increasing public scrutiny of their activities. The cost of measures and other issues relating to the sustainable development of mining operations could place significant demands on personnel resources, could increase capital and operating costs and could have an adverse impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s reputation, results of operations and financial condition.
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Mining companies are under increasing pressure to demonstrate that, whilst they seek a satisfactory return on investment for shareholders, other social partners, including employees, host communities and more broadly, the countries in which they operate, also benefit from their commercial activities. Such pressures tend to be particularly focused ontargeted towards companies whose activities are perceived to have, or have, a high impact on their social and physical environment. Social media and other web-based tools to share user-generated content further increases the potential scope and force of public scrutiny. Adverse publicity in cases where companies are believed notperceived as failing to be creatingcreate sufficient social and economic benefit may result in reputational damage, active community opposition, allegations of human rights abuses, legal suits and investor withdrawal.divestment.

Mining operations are often located at or near existing towns and villages, natural waterways and other infrastructure or natural resources. As the impacts of dust generation, waste storage, water pollution or water shortages may be directly adverse to those communities, poor environmental management practices, or, in particular, adverse changes in the supply or quality of water, can result in community protest, regulatory sanctions or ultimately in the withdrawal of community and government support for company operations. For example, following a 2017 popular consultation in the Colombian municipality of Cajamarca in the Tolima department, which hosts the company’sCompany’s La Colosa exploration site, AngloGold Ashanti’s management suspended much of the current fieldwork around the project until the related environmental permits are granted and there is more certainty about mining activity in Colombia, and force majeure was declared at the project.granted. Similarly, in the Colombian town of Piedras in the Tolima department, which is not located in the immediate vicinity of the La Colosa exploration site, AngloGold Ashanti also contested a 2013 popular consultation which attempted to ban all mining activities in the area. Subsequently, the Colombian Constitutional Court has decided that local municipalities or regions do not have authority to veto mining activities through popular consultations. See “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings—Colombia”. If AngloGold Ashanti is unsuccessful in securing community support for its projects, or groups opposed to mining successfully pursue similar or other legal mechanisms to attempt to block exploration or extraction activities, there could be an adverse impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s reputation, its ability to develop its mining concessions, and its results of operations and financial condition.

In addition, as AngloGold Ashanti has a long history of mining operations in certain regions, issues may arise regarding historical, as well as potential future, environmental or health impacts in those areas. For example, certain parties, including non-governmental organisations (NGOs)(“NGOs”), community groups and institutional investors, have raisedcould raise concerns and in the case of some individuals in Obuasi, threatenedeven threaten or commencedcommence litigation relating to air pollution or surface and groundwater quality, amongstamong other issues, in the area surrounding the company’s Obuasi and IduapriemCompany’s mines in Ghana, including potential impacts to local rivers and wells used for water from heavy metals, arsenic and cyanide as well as sediment and mine rock waste.or exploration sites. See “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings”.

Disputes with surrounding communities may also affect mining operations, particularly where they result in restrictions of access to supplies and to mining operations. The miners’ access to land may be subject to the rights or asserted rights of various community stakeholders, including indigenous people. Access to land and land use is of critical importance to the companyCompany for exploration and mining, as well as for ancillary infrastructure. In some cases, AngloGold Ashanti has had difficulty gaining access to new land because of perceived poor community compensation practices. For example, compensation remains a significant area of concern at Siguiri in Guinea. Delays in projects as well as increased costs attributable to a lack of community support can translate directly into a decrease in the value of a project or into an inability to bring the project to production. Where consultation with stakeholders is statutorily or otherwise mandated and relations do not remain amicable, disputes may lead to reduced access to properties or delays in operations.

Mining companies areAngloGold Ashanti is subject to many risks related to the development of existing and new mining projects that may adversely affect the company’sits results of operations and profitability.

Development of AngloGold Ashanti’s existing and new mining projects may be subject to unexpected problems, costs and delays that could impact the company’sCompany’s ability to develop or operate the relevant project as planned or increase the costs of such relevant project.planned. For example, constraints on the availabilitysupply of mining and processing equipment, increases in capital and operating costs, or reduced availability of consistent skilled labour, utilities, transportation and/or appropriate smelting and refining arrangements could result in delays or increase the costs neededin completing projects.

AngloGold Ashanti may prove unable to secure adequate supplies or resourcessuccessfully operate existing mine sites or to construct facilities requireddevelop potential exploration sites due to, for ourexample, social and community opposition, litigation and governmental regulatory or administrative proceedings, changes in
applicable regulations or other requirements, the classification of land covered by mining operations. In addition, a decrease in budgets relatingtitles as an environmentally-protected area, ore body grades, the inability of any such project to current or medium-term explorationmeet AngloGold Ashanti’s investment hurdle rate, and developmentdelays that could increase the company’s development and operating costs



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result in the long term.
expiry of permits. See “—AngloGold Ashanti is subject to extensive and rapidly changing environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. Failure to comply with these requirements could result in enforcement proceedings, claims, suspension of operations, community protest and/or additional capital or operating expenditures that could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition or reputation”. The remote location of many mining properties, delays in obtaining or failure to obtain necessary environmental and other governmental permits and approvals, the impact of public health crises, epidemics or pandemics (including the COVID-19 pandemic) as well as third-party legal challenges to individual mining projects and broader social or political opposition to mining may increase the cost, timing and complexity of mine development and construction.

For example, in December 2019, AngloGold Ashanti may prove unableapplied for the required environmental authorisations to successfully develop potential exploration sites duethe Quebradona project in Colombia. On 4 November 2021, the National Environmental Licensing Authority of Colombia (Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales or “ANLA”) officially notified AngloGold Ashanti of its decision to ‘archive’ the environmental licence application relating to the Quebradona project. ANLA has neither denied nor granted the licence, but deemed that the information provided by AngloGold Ashanti is not sufficient for example, socialthis authority to make a substantive decision. On 18 November 2021, AngloGold Ashanti appealed the archiving decision in order to secure further details on the specific additional information ANLA requires to make a determination. ANLA denied the appeal on 29 April 2022 and community opposition, litigation and governmental regulatory or administrative proceedings, the classificationarchiving decision was confirmed. AngloGold Ashanti is in the process of land covered by mining titles as an environmentally-protected area, ore body grades,preparing a new Environmental Impact Assessment for the inability of any such project to meet AngloGold Ashanti’s investment hurdle rate, and delays that could resultsubmit to ANLA in the expiry of permits. See “—Mining companies are subject to extensiveconnection with its environmental health and safety laws and regulations. Failure to comply could result in enforcement proceedings, claims, suspension of operations, community protest and/or additional capital or operating expenditures that could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition or reputation” and “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings—Colombia”.licence application.

Accordingly, AngloGold Ashanti’s future development activities may not result in the expansion or replacement of current production, or one or more new production sites or facilities may not be developed as planned or may be less profitable than anticipated or even be loss-making. A failure in the company’sCompany’s ability to develop and operate mining projects in accordance with, or in excess of, expectations could negatively impact its results of operations, as well as its financial condition and prospects.

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Mining companies areAngloGold Ashanti is subject to extensive and rapidly changing environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. Failure to comply with these requirements could result in enforcement proceedings, claims, suspension of operations, community protest and/or additional capital or operating expenditures that could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition or reputation.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are subject to extensive and rapidly changing environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in the various jurisdictions in which it operates. These regulations, as well as international standards for the industry, establish limits and conditions on the company’sCompany’s ability to conduct its operations and govern, amongstamong other things, extraction, use and conservation of water resources; air emissions (including dust control); mine and dam safety; water treatment and discharge; regulatory and community reporting; clean-up of contamination; land use and conservation of protected areas; safety and health of employees and community health; and the generation, transportation, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes, such as reagents, radioactive materials and mine tailings.

The cost of compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations is expected to continue to be significant to AngloGold Ashanti. From time to time, new or updated laws, regulations and standards are introduced and may be more stringent than those to which AngloGold Ashanti is currently subject, including with respect to tailings management and TSFs. See “—Compliance with tailings management requirements and standards, and potential liabilities in the event of a failure to timely comply with these requirements or an incident involving a tailings storage facility, could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition, results of operations and reputation.” Should compliance with these laws, regulations and standards require a material increase in expenditures or material changes or interruptions to operations or production, including as a result of any incident or failure to comply with applicable regulations, the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. For example, AngloGold Ashanti expects to incur approximately $25 to $30 million in capital expenditure and operating costs during 2023-2026 in connection with the treatment and disposal of a quantity of legacy arsenic trioxide waste located at the Obuasi mine. AngloGold Ashanti could also incur fines, penalties and other sanctions, clean-up costs and third-party claims for personal injury or property damage, suffer reputational damage, or be required to install costly pollution control equipment or to modify or suspend operations, as a result of actual or alleged violations of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations or the terms of AngloGold Ashanti’s permits. For example, in 2022, AngloGold Ashanti was informed of two incidents involving potentially unauthorised cutting of vegetation, one by a contractor and the other by a subtenant, at the La Colosa project near Cajamarca. The Company promptly notified Cortolima, the regional environmental authority in the Tolima department, as well as the national Environmental Ministry of the incidents. Cortolima has opened a formal environmental investigation. At this time, the Company is not able to determine whether the incidents will result in enforcement action against AngloGold Ashanti, including any civil fines against the Company or criminal sanctions against any individuals involved in the incident or against any AngloGold Ashanti employees. In some of the jurisdictions in which AngloGold Ashanti operates, the government may enforce a total or partial shutdown of facilities, including TSFs, or operations to enableconduct investigations into the cause of accidentssafety or environmental incidents involving those facilities or at those operations. See “—Compliance with tailings management requirements and standards, and potential liabilities in the event of a failure to timely comply with these requirements or an incident involving a tailings storage facility, could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition, results of operations and reputation.” AngloGold Ashanti’s reputation could be damaged by any significant governmental investigation or enforcement action for non-compliance with health and safety laws, regulations or standards.Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

Failure to comply with applicable environmental, health and safety laws and regulations may also result in the suspension or revocation of operating permits. For example, in Colombia, AngloGold Ashanti’s core mining concession contracts provide that the Colombian mining authority, having regard to due process, could declare the underlying concession void if the Company repeatedly or continually breaches applicable environmental laws or regulations or engages in acts of corruption or other serious



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misconduct. In the event the concession is voided, AngloGold Ashanti could be required to abandon the relevant project and, depending on the severity of the violations or misconduct, the Colombian mining authority may cancel its other existing mining concession contracts. Pending proposals for new mining concession contracts could also be cancelled and the Company could be banned from doing business with the Colombian government for a period of five years.

AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to obtain and maintain permits and to successfully operate in particular communities may be adversely impacted by real or perceived effects on the environment or human health and safety associated with AngloGold Ashanti’s or other mining companies’ activities.

For example, in Colombia, various plaintiffs, including certain governmental authorities and various associations that represent local communities, brought legal proceedings against AngloGold Ashanti Colombia S.A. (AGAC) alleging that AGAC violated applicablein order to stop exploration, development and mining activities in certain areas, in which its exploration projects are located, due to environmental laws in connection with the La Colosa project. In oneconcerns. For instance, the Colombian Department of the Environment, Housing and Territorial Development (DoE) issued a fine of $70,000 against the company. Although the amount of the fine is not significant, the repeated or continuous and material breach of such applicable environmental laws, amongst other grounds, could be used as the basis for legal action by the Colombian government that could prohibit AGAC from doing business with the Colombian government for a period of five years. In such circumstances, AGAC’s concession contract relating to the La Colosa project could be cancelled depending on the severity of the violations. As a result, AGAC could be required to abandon the La Colosa project and its other existing mining concession contracts as well as any pending proposals for new mining concession contracts of AGAC. However, this would not affect those of other companies of the AngloGold Ashanti group operating in Colombia. Separately, a consolidated class action with respect to the La Colosa project is currently pending before the Council of State of Colombia (the highest court for administrative matters). with respect to the impact of the project on the environment. If AngloGold Ashanti does not prevail before the Council of State, it may have to perform one or more technical studies in relation to the La Colosa project, which if they were to conclude that a “threat” to the environment exists, could result in the suspension of certain development activities or even the abandonment of the project. See “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings—Colombia”.

Environmental impacts arising in connection with AngloGold Ashanti’s operations could lead to the imposition of legal obligations, including the remediation of environmental contamination, claims for property damage and personal injury from adjacent communities and restrictions on mining operations. For example, brieftemporary gold processing stoppages after environmental incidents, such as pipeline failures or deficiencies in water management systems, have occurred previously at AngloGold Ashanti’s operations. Leaks or discharges of hazardous materials could result in liabilities for clean-up or personal injury that may not be covered by insurance. The companyCompany has identified groundwater contamination plumes at certain of its operations that have occurred primarily as the result of seepage from surface operations and facilities, including tailings storage facilities and waste rock piles, or from sulphide or other substances in local rock formations which are exposed to water. In addition, closure of a mine could trigger or accelerate regulatory or other obligations, including to conduct environmental rehabilitation activities and/or to address historical impacts on environmental quality in the area surrounding the mine. Costs incurred by the companyAngloGold Ashanti in excess of AngloGold Ashanti’sits existing provisions for such matters, or on a more accelerated or compressed timeline than currently anticipated, could have a material adverse impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

In addition, the use of hazardous materials in metallurgical processing remains under continued scrutiny. As there are few, if any, effective substitutes in extracting gold from the ore, any ban or material restrictions on the use of such materials in mining operations in the jurisdictions where AngloGold Ashanti conducts its operations could adversely affect the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are heavily dependent upon access to substantial volumes of water for use in the mining and extractive processes and typically are subject to water-use permits or rights to extract water from certain natural sources that govern usage and require, amongstamong other things, that mining operations maintain certain water quality upon discharge. Water supply, quality and usage are areas of concern globally, such asacross all of AngloGold Ashanti’s operations, including with respect to the company’sCompany’s mining operations in Ghana and Brazil, its explorationmine development projects in Colombia, where there is significant potential environmental and social impact and a high level of stakeholder scrutiny.Nevada, as well as its mine development project at Quebradona in Colombia. Any failure by the companyAngloGold Ashanti to secure access to suitable water supplies, or achieve and maintain compliance with applicable requirements of the permits or licenses,rights, could
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result in curtailment or halting of production at the affected operations. Incidents of water pollution or shortage can, in certain cases, lead to community protest and ultimately to the withdrawal of community and government support for AngloGold Ashanti’s operations. A failure by the companyAngloGold Ashanti to comply with water contamination rehabilitationrelated directives may result in further, more stringent, directives being issued against the company,AngloGold Ashanti, which may, in some cases, result in a temporary or partial shutdown of some of the company’sCompany’s operations.

Mining companies are required by law to close their operations at the end of the mine life and rehabilitate the impacted areas. Estimates of the total ultimate closure, reclamation and rehabilitation costs for gold mining operations are significant and based principally on life-of-mine profiles, changing inflation and discount rate assumptions, changing infrastructure and facilities design and current legal and regulatory requirements that may change materially. Environmental liabilities are accrued when they become known, are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Increasingly, regulators are seeking security in the form of cash collateral or bank guarantees in respect of environmental obligations. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine”.

AngloGold Ashanti’s provisions for decommissioning and for restoration (excluding joint ventures and discontinued operations) totalled $637$578 million in 2018, $6342022, $673 million in 20192021 and $674$659 million in 2020. Costs associated with rehabilitating land disturbed by mining processes and addressing environmental, health, safety and community issues are estimated and financial provision made based upon current available information based on the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s commitments, in terms ofapplicable environmental legislation or agreements with government. Estimates notably relate to discount rates, which may vary due to changes in global economic and political risk conditions and assumptions, each of which is subject to change and certain changes may not be reasonably foreseen, and mine plans, which may change in line with variations in cash flows, designs of tailings storage facilities and methodologies used to compute liabilities (including as a result of a request from environmental regulatory authorities). As such, estimates may be insufficient and further costs may be identified at any stage that may exceed the provisions that AngloGold Ashanti has made. Any underestimated or unidentified rehabilitation costs would reduce earnings and could materially and



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adversely affect the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s asset values, earnings and cash flows. Further, sudden changes in a life of minelife-of-mine plan or the accelerated closure of a mine may give rise to the recognition of additional liabilities that are not anticipated.

Environmental laws, regulations and standards are continually changing and are generally becoming more stringent. Changes to AngloGold Ashanti’s environmental compliance obligations or operating requirements could adversely affect the company’sits operations, rate of production and revenue. Variations in laws and regulations, assumptions made to estimate liabilities, standards or operating procedures, more stringent emission or pollution thresholds or controls, or the occurrence of unanticipated conditions, may require operations to be suspended or permanently closed, and could increase AngloGold Ashanti’s expenses and provisions. These expenses and provisions could adversely affect the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

Compliance with tailings management requirements and standards, and potential liabilities in the event of a failure to timely comply with these requirements or an incident involving a tailings storage facility, could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition, results of operations and reputation.

Mining and mineral processing operations generate waste rock and tailings. The impact of managing related solid and hazardous materials, including dust generation,and residual chemicals and metals, or a breach, leak, or other failure of a waste rock facility or TSF, including any associated dam, can be significant. An incident at AngloGold Ashanti’s operations could result, amongstamong other things, in the voluntary or mandatory shutdown of a TSF, enforcement, obligations to remediate environmental contamination, negative press coverage, and claims for property or natural resources damages and personal injury by adjacent communities. For example, in March 2022, due to a failure of pump equipment at the Cuiabá mine, there was a spill of tailings slurry that reached the Cuiabá stream in Sabará. The relevant local, state and federal authorities were notified, as well as the community in the vicinity of the mine, and corrective actions were taken. Following the incident, the Minas Gerais State Public Prosecutor’s Office filed a civil action against AngloGold Ashanti alleging environmental and socio-economic damages to the community and requesting an injunction suspending operations at the mine pending an independent technical audit of the TSF structure. Settlement of the state’s action required AngloGold Ashanti to engage an independent technical auditor to prepare assessment reports certifying the stability of certain surface operations and environmental controls and to pay approximately $1.4 million for socio-environmental projects and environmental education in the municipality of Sabará and to donate land to a federal organisation for conservation purposes. Incidents at other mining companies’companies' operations could also result in governmental action to tighten regulatory requirements and restrict certain mining activities, in particular with respect to TSFs. See “—Mining companies areAngloGold Ashanti is subject to extensive and rapidly changing environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. Failure to comply with these requirements could result in enforcement proceedings, claims, suspension of operations, community protest and/or additional capital or operating expenditures that could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition or reputation.” Andand also “Item 4B: Business Overview—Sustainability and Environmental, HealthSocial and SafetyGovernance (“ESG”) Matters”.

For example, a TSF at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil burst in January 2019. Tailings reached the mine’s administrative area and part of the local community, reportedly resulting in death or injury to hundreds of people. As a result of this incident,In recent years, environmental licensing processes in Brazil for mining companies have become more difficult,stringent, and especially those involving TSFs. Since this incident, theTSFs in Brazil. Brazilian authorities, both at the federal and state levels, have generally increased scrutiny of mining operations in Brazil, and of TSFs in particular, and have been considering, and in some cases have adopted, stricter laws and regulations applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs in Brazil. It is likely that there will be further changes in federal and state legislation and regulation, as well as much more intense scrutiny and control of, as well as cost increasesincreased costs associated with inspecting, maintaining and constructing TSFs. For example, atin 2019, the federal level, the Brazilian National Mining Agency (ANM)(“ANM”) issued Resolution No. 13/19 in August 2019a resolution which, adopted additional regulatory measures to ensure the stability of TSFs, in particular those built or heightened by the upstream method or by any method declared as “unknown”. Amongamong other things, ANM Resolution No. 13/19 prohibits the upstream method for the construction or heightening of tailings dams throughout the national territory of Brazil. It furtherBrazil and requires operatorsexisting upstream TSFs to cease all storage and disposal activities at TSFs (known as “deactivation” or “desativação”) constructed or heightened upstream or by an “unknown” method by 15 September 2021 as well as to decommission such TSFs by 15 August 2022 to 15 September 2027 (depending on the capacity volume).be decommissioned. As a result, the Serra Grande minetailings dam in the state of Goiás is in the process of reinforcing the dam walls of its upstream TSF in advance of its expected deactivationmust be decommissioned by 15 September 2021. To comply with the terms of ANM Resolution No. 13/19, the mine will also need to decommission the Serra Grande tailings dam by 15 September 2025. Furthermore, Federal Law No. 14.066/20, adopted in September 2020, also imposes requirements on companies to decommission upstream TSFs, including our Serra Grande tailings dam, by 25 February 2022 (which date is earlier than required by ANM Resolution No. 13/19). However, Federal Law
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No. 14.066/20 does permit extensions of the compliance deadline, with the consent of the ANM based on the technical plan for decommissioning. With respect to downstream (or “centerline”) TSFs, Federal Law No. 14.066/20a federal law adopted in 2020 requires companies, to the extent that communities are located in the self-rescue zone of those TSFs, to implement one of the following measures for such structures: either (i) deactivate and decommission the structure, must be deactivated and decommissioned, (ii) relocate the population, must be relocated, with reparations, for loss of cultural heritage, or (iii) reinforcement works that guaranteereinforce the effective stability of the structure must be carried out, by decision of the public authorities, taking into account the previous nature of the dam in relation to the occupation and technical-financial viability of the alternatives. Even if reinforcement works are completed, deactivationstructure. Deactivation and decommissioning of those TSFs will be required at the end of the life of the mine. All of the TSFs operated by AngloGold Ashanti in Brazil have communities located in self-rescue zones. As of 31 December 2022, AngloGold Ashanti is planning to transitionhas fully transitioned to dry-stacking operations for tailings storage at each location in BrazilBrazil. Capital expenditures required in the near term and currently estimates that the capital expenditures in 2021 required2022 to implement this new technology amounted to approximately $83 million. Capital expenditures for work required to comply with TSF-related requirements during the period 2023-2025 are expected to be material but, based on preliminary estimates to date, AngloGold Ashanti anticipates that annual expenditures for each of these years will be less than in excess of $70 million.prior years and will decline over time. See “Item “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—BrazilBrazil” and “Item 4B: Business Overview—Sustainability and Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) Matters”.
”.
In addition, AngloGold Ashanti has committed to implement a new Global Industry StandardANM resolution that became effective on Tailings Management, established in August 202022 February 2022 establishes new criteria for the operational management of TSF structures, changes the criteria related to the risk classification of TSF structures and emergency levels and sets new criteria for the suspension, embargo (order to stop operations) and interdiction of TSF activities. Operators of TSFs were mandated to conduct and submit risk assessments to the ANM by a panel comprisedDecember 2022 and are required to update those risk assessments every two years. Operators are also required, on an annual basis, to obtain certifications from external consultants of industrythe geotechnical stability of TSF structures and NGO experts,the adequacy of emergency response plans. In late 2022, tailings deposition was required to be suspended due to embargos at its 22five of AngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Africa, Australia and South America withinBrazil pending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (Declaração de Conformidade e Operacionalidade (“DCO”)) as well as, at one such TSF, certification by external consultants of geotechnical stability (Declaração de Condição de Estabilidade (“DCE”)) consistent with the next five years,new standards. In addition, at the costsCalcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of which are notsafety with international standards currently considered best practice.



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Construction at the Calcinados TSF is expected to begin later in 2023, and the timeline for completion will be material to AngloGold Ashanti.determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. Tailings deposition at the Calcinados TSF, as well as processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant, which services the Cuiabá mine complex, is suspended until additional buttressing of the Calcinados TSF impoundment is complete.

Additionally, public prosecutors have been pursuing an active role in the enforcement of new state and federal laws and regulations by way of legal action against several mining companies to compel compliance with these new rules. The company’sFor example, one of the Company’s Brazilian subsidiaries are currentlywas involved in such lawsuitslawsuit in the state of Minas Gerais in relation to the Cuiabá tailings dam, and the matter was settled with the public prosecutor in July 2022. A lawsuit against another Brazilian subsidiary of the Company in the state of Goiás in respect of the Serra Grande tailings dam andis currently pending appeal. While particular lawsuits may be settled or resolved in favour of the state of Minas Gerais in relation toCompany, the Cuiabá tailings dam. The outcome of thesesuch lawsuits generally cannot be predicted but, ifpredicted. If any future lawsuits of a similar nature are resolved adversely to the company, may oblige the company to decommission the Serra Grande tailings dam ahead of schedule and could result in the suspension of the company’s operational permit for the Cuiabá tailings dam. As a result,AngloGold Ashanti, such adverse judgementsoutcome may result in additional and accelerated operating or capital costs for the company,Company, including costs exceeding the company’sits current provisions for decommissioning theseits sites in Brazil, which may adversely affect the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition and results of operations. See “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings—Brazil”. In addition, it is believed that communities will increasingly seek engagement and information with respect to the adequacy of the safety measures in place to protect them from TSF-related incidents.

Mining companies faceAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to replace Mineral Reserve is subject to uncertainty and risks inherent in exploration, technical and economic pre-feasibility and feasibility studies and other project evaluation activities.activities as well as competition within the industry for attractive mining properties.

AngloGold Ashanti must continually replace OreMineral Reserve depleted by mining and production to maintain or increase production levels in the long term. This is undertaken byprocess includes exploration activities that are speculative in nature. The ability of the companyAngloGold Ashanti to sustain or increase its present levels of gold production depends in part on the success of its exploration activities and related projects and it may be unable to sustain or increase such production levels.

FeasibilityProject studies and other project evaluationexploration activities necessary to determine the current or future viability of a mining operation, including to estimatethe estimation of tonnages, grades and metallurgical characteristics of the ore, are often unproductive.unproductive and unpredictable. Such activities often require substantial expenditure on exploration drilling to establish the presence, extent and grade (metal content) of mineralised material. Following, and in parallel with, ongoing exploration activities AngloGold Ashanti undertakes feasibilityproject studies to estimate the technical and economic viability of mining projects and to determine appropriate mining methods and metallurgical recovery processes. These activities are undertaken to estimate the Ore Reserve.For example, during 2022, AngloGold Ashanti commenced a pre-feasibility study at Silicon and a feasibility study is currently underway at North Bullfrog.

Once mineralisation is discovered, it may take several years to determine whether an adequate OreMineral Reserve exists, during which time the economic feasibilityviability of the project may change due to fluctuations in factors that affect both revenue and costs, including:
•prevailing and anticipated prices of metals and other commodities;commodities, including gold, silver and copper;
•prevailing and anticipated local or foreign currency exchange rates;
•the required return on investment as based on the cost and availability of capital;
•applicable regulatory requirements, including those relating to environmental or health and safety matters;
•recovery rates of gold and other metals from the ore; and
•capital expenditure and cash operating costs.costs (which may be impacted by inflation).

These estimates depend on assumptions made based on available data. Oredata during the particular project phase. Mineral Reserve estimates are not precise calculations and depend on the interpretation of limited information on the location, shape and continuity of the mineral occurrence and on available current and historical sampling results. For example, following completion of enhanced prefeasibility studies, AngloGold Ashanti announced the maiden Ore Reserve for the Quebradona project in February 2019. No assurance can be given that OreMineral Reserve estimates or other estimates are accurate or that the indicated levels of gold, silver, copper or other mineral will be produced. Further exploration and feasibilityproject studies can result in new data becoming available that may change previous Oreor historical Mineral Reserve estimates and impact the technical and economic viability of production from the project. Changes in the forecast prices of commodities, exchange rates, production costs or recovery rates may change the economic status of Ore ReservesMineral Reserve resulting in revisions to previous Oreor historical Mineral Reserve estimates. These revisions in Ore ReservesMineral Reserve estimates as well as changes in life of minelife-of-mine estimates could also impact depreciation and amortisation rates, asset carrying values and/or estimates for closure, restoration and environmental rehabilitation costs.

AngloGold Ashanti undertakes annual revisions to its OreMineral Reserve estimates based upon asset sales and acquisitions, actualongoing exploration and production results, depletion, new geological/geotechnical information, on geology, model revisions, revised mine planning, and fluctuations in production, forecasts of commodity prices, economic assumptions and operating and other costs.costs as well as asset sales and acquisitions. These factors may result in reductions in OreMineral Reserve estimates, which could adversely affect life-of-mine plans and consequently the total value of the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s mining
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asset base. OreMineral Reserve restatements could negatively affect the company’sCompany’s results of operations, as well as its financial condition and prospects.

Due to a declining rate of discovery of new gold OreMineral Reserve in recent years, AngloGold Ashanti faces intense competition for the acquisition of attractive mining properties. From time to time, the companyAngloGold Ashanti evaluates the acquisition of an Orea Mineral Reserve, development properties or operating mines, either as stand-alone assets or as part of existing companies. For example, AngloGold Ashanti recently increased its mining properties in the Beatty district of southern Nevada through its



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acquisition of Corvus Gold Inc. in January 2022 and Coeur Sterling, Inc. in November 2022. AngloGold Ashanti’s decision to acquire these properties has beenis based on a variety of factors, including historical operating results, estimates and assumptions regarding the extent of the Oreexisting or potential Mineral Reserve, cash and other operating costs, gold prices, projected economic returns and evaluations of existing or potential liabilities associated with the relevant property and its operations and how these factors may change in the future. Other than historical operating results, these factors are uncertain and could have an impact on revenue, cash and other operating costs, as well as the process used to estimate the relevant OreMineral Reserve.

As a result of these uncertainties and declining grades, the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s exploration and acquisitions may not result in the expansion or replacement of current production, the maintenance of its existing OreMineral Reserve net of production or yield an increase in OreMineral Reserve. AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition are directly related to the success of its exploration and acquisition efforts and the ability to replace or increase the existing OreMineral Reserve as it is depleted. If the companyAngloGold Ashanti is not able to maintain or increase its OreMineral Reserve, its results of operations as well as its financial condition and prospects could be adversely affected.

Mining is inherently hazardous and the related risks of events that cause disruptions to ourAngloGold Ashanti’s mining operations may adversely impact the environment or the health, safety or security of our workers or the local community, production, cash flows and overall profitability.

Gold mining operations are subject to risks of events that may adversely impact ourAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to produce gold and meet production and cost targets. These events include, but are not limited to:
•accidents or incidents, including due to human error, during exploration, production, drilling, blasting or transportation resulting in injury, loss of life or damage to equipment or infrastructure;
•air, land and water pollution;
•social or community disputes or interventions;
•security incidents, including the activities of artisanal or illegal miners;
•surface or underground fires or explosions;
•labour force disputes and disruptions;
•loss of information integrity or data;
•mechanical failure or breakdowns and ageing infrastructure;
•failure of unproven or evolving technologies;
•unusual or unexpected geological formations, ground conditions, including lack of mineable face length and ore-pass blockages;
•fall-of-ground accidents in underground operations;
•cave-ins, sinkholes, subsidence, rock falls, rock bursts or landslides;
•failure of mining pit slopes, heap-leach facilities, water or solution dams, waste stockpiles and tailings damfacility walls;
•flooding or inundation of mine pits;
•safety-related stoppages;
•seismic activity; and
•other natural phenomena, such as floods, droughts or weather conditions, potentially exacerbated by climate change.

Seismic activity is of particular concern in underground mining operations, particularly at greater depth of mining and/or if residual tectonic stresses are present. Seismic events have caused death and injury to employees and contractors as well as safety-related stoppages and may continue to do so in the future. Seismic activity and inadequately supported ground conditions may also cause a loss of mining equipment, damage to or destruction of mineral properties or production facilities, monetary losses, environmental pollution and potential legal liabilities.

Any of these events or incidents could, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’sresults of operations and financial condition. For example, in South Africa, there were four fatalities asthe DRC, in December 2022, a result of two separate safety incidents in March 2020 at the Mponeng mine. Another fatality was recorded in Ghana in June 2020, when an underground loaderbogger operator was fatally injured inwhen a heavy mobile equipment-related incidentlarge rock deflected from an open stope at the ObuasiKibali gold mine which also resulted in a stoppage of that section of the underground operations for several days during the course of an on-site investigation. In addition, in July 2020, a security guard was fatally injured at the Obuasi mine when he was struckis managed by a private vehicle that veered off the road. In Brazil, in February 2021, an underground blaster was fatally injured in a fall-of-ground incident at the Serra Grande mine.AngloGold Ashanti’s joint venture partner Barrick Gold Corporation (“Barrick”). Any seismic, flood or other similar events or incidents that occur in the future could have a material adverse effect on the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

Mining operations and projects are vulnerable to supply chain disruption such that operations and development projects could be adversely affected by shortages of, as well as theextended lead times to deliver, strategic spares, critical consumables, mining equipment or metallurgical plant.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations and development projects could be adversely affected by both shortages and long lead times to deliver strategic spares, critical consumables, mining equipment and metallurgical plant, as well as transportation delays. Import restrictions, such as those imposed by the ArgentinianArgentinean government from 2011 to 2015, can also delay the delivery of parts and equipment. In the past, the companyAngloGold Ashanti and other gold mining companies experienced shortages in critical consumables, particularly as production capacity in the global mining industry expanded in response to increased demand for commodities.
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AngloGold Ashanti has also experienced increased delivery times for these items. Shortages in essential commodities, including, for example, ammonium nitrate, have resulted in unanticipated price increases and production delays and shortfalls, resulting in a rise in both operating costs and in the capital expenditure necessary to maintain and develop mining operations.

Individually, AngloGold Ashanti and other mining companies have limited influence over manufacturers and suppliers of these items. In certain cases, there are a limited number of suppliers for certain strategic spares, critical consumables, mining equipment or metallurgical plant who command superior bargaining power relative to the company. The companyAngloGold Ashanti. AngloGold Ashanti could at times face limited supply or increased lead time in the delivery of such itemsitems.

.

The company’s
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AngloGold Ashanti’s procurement policy is to source mining, processing equipment and consumables from suppliers that meet its corporate values and ethical standards, but risks remain aroundstandards. Although AngloGold Ashanti monitors and assesses suppliers on their governance conduct, there is a risk that the managementCompany may fail to identify actual instances of ethical supply chains.unethical conduct by those suppliers or other activities that are inconsistent with its values and standards. In certain locations, where a limited number of suppliers meet these standards, additional strain is placed on the supply chain, thereby increasing the cost of supply and delivery times. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti’s efforts to monitor supply chain activities, including freight and logistics routes, and its engagement with its suppliers to identify disruptions on its ability to source materials or equipment or otherwise impact its operations, may not be sufficient to avoid disruptions that could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s business or operations.

Furthermore, supply chains and rates can be impacted by natural disasters, such as earthquakes, extremesevere weather, patternssuch as storms, heavy rainfall and other impacts that may be increasing due to climate change, as well as other phenomena that include unrest, strikes, theft and fires. For example, in February 2013, a fire destroyed the heavy mining equipment stock of spares and components at the Geita gold mine in Tanzania. If AngloGold Ashanti experiences shortages, or increased lead times in the delivery of strategic spares, critical consumables, mining equipment or processing plant, the companyAngloGold Ashanti might have to suspend some of its operations and its results of operations and financial condition could be adversely impacted.

The Siguiri mine in Guinea was impacted as a result of Ebola virus outbreaks since 2014 in Western Africa, with the latest outbreak detected in early 2021, where certain crisis management measures were implemented.which continued until the summer of 2021. See “—AngloGold Ashanti’s OreMineral Reserve, deposits and mining operations are located in countries that face instability, public health and security risks that may adversely affect both the terms of its mining concessions, as well as its ability to conduct operations in certain countries”.

Similarly, an outbreak of infectious diseases, a pandemic or other public health threat, such as the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for COVID-19 or an outbreak of the Ebola, Marburg or monkeypox virus, or a fear of any of the foregoing, could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s operations by causing supply chain delays and disruptions, import restrictions or shipping disruptions, as well as operational shutdowns (including as part of government-mandated containment measures).For example, in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, during the months of March and December 2020, both the Argentinian and South Africanseveral governments imposed significant restrictions on the movement of goods, services and persons (including travel), including a nationwide lockdownlockdowns of businesses and itstheir citizens (quarantine). In Argentina, the national government also imposed a and even temporary suspension of mining activities in March and December 2020, adversely impacting the company’s operations. In Brazil, the State of Goiás also imposed similar restrictions.activities. Such disruptions and other manufacturing and logistical restraints could result in extended lead times in supply and distribution networks, as well as the exercise of force majeure measures, the impacts of which could eventually result in stoppage of mining operations. They could also result in the need to increase inventories on long lead time items and critical consumables and spares which may lead to an increase in working capital. In addition, restrictions in travel, including air travel, and border access may impact the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to source and transport goods and services required to operate mines, transport gold doré to refineries and ship refined gold from refineries as well as increase the cost. AngloGold Ashanti cannot guarantee that its crisis management measures will be adequate, that the supply chain and operations will not be adversely affected by a future Ebola, COVID-19 or other epidemic or pandemic outbreakoutbreaks (such as outbreaks of COVID-19, Ebola, Marburg or monkeypox) or that there would be no related consequences, such as severe food shortages and social impact. Export restrictions related to any epidemic or pandemic (including as a result of government regulation and prevention measures) could similarly adversely impact the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition and results of operations.

Mining companies’AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are vulnerable to infrastructure constraints.

Mining, processing, development and exploration activities depend on adequate infrastructure. Reliable rail, ports, roads, bridges, power sources, power transmission facilities and water supply are critical to the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s business operations and affect capital and operating costs. These infrastructures and services are often provided by third parties whose operational activities are outside the control of the company.Company.

Interferences in the maintenance or provision of infrastructure, including unusual weather phenomena, sabotage and social unrest could impede the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to deliver its products on time and adversely affect AngloGold Ashanti’sits business, results of operations and financial condition.

Establishing infrastructure for the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s development projects requires significant resources, identification of adequate sources of raw materials and supplies, and necessary cooperation from national and regional governments, none of which can be assured.

AngloGold Ashanti has operations or potential development projects in countries where government-provided infrastructure may beis inadequate and regulatory regimes for access to infrastructure may beare uncertain, which could adversely impact the efficient operation and expansion of its business. AngloGold Ashanti may not secure and maintain access to adequate infrastructure in the future, or it may not do so on reasonable terms which may adversely affect AngloGold Ashanti’s business, results of operations and financial condition.


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Mining companies faceAngloGold Ashanti faces strong competition and industry consolidation.

The mining industry is competitive in all of its phases. AngloGold Ashanti competes with other mining companies and individuals for the acquisition of mining and exploration assets, for mining claims and leases on exploration properties, as well as for specialised equipment, components and supplies necessary for exploration, development and mining of the relevant mining or



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exploration asset. These competitors may have greater financial resources, operational experience and technical capabilities than AngloGold Ashanti and may also be lower on the industry cost curve or have lower cost of capital and better access to scarce capital than AngloGold Ashanti. Competition may increase AngloGold Ashanti’s cost of acquiring suitable claims, properties and assets, which could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition and results of operations.

Further, industry consolidation may lead to increased competition due to lesser availability of mining and exploration assets. A number of transactions have been completed in the gold mining industry in recent years. In this regard, some of AngloGold Ashanti’s competitors have made acquisitions or entered into business combinations, joint ventures, partnerships or other strategic relationships. For example, Barrick Gold Corporation (“Barrick”) completed its merger with Randgold Resources Limited in January 2019 and Newmont Corporation (formerly Newmont Mining Corporation) completed its business combination with Goldcorp Inc. in April 2019. In February 2022, Agnico Eagle Mines Limited (“Agnico”) completed its business combination with Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd. In November 2022, Agnico and Pan American Silver Corporation announced their proposed arrangement with Yamana Gold Inc. Similar consolidations in the form of acquisitions, business combinations, joint ventures, partnerships or other strategic relationships may continue in the future. The companies or alliances resulting from these transactions or any further consolidation involving AngloGold Ashanti’s competitors may benefit from greater economies of scale as well as significantly larger, and more diversified, lower cost and higher quality asset bases than AngloGold Ashanti. In addition, following such transactions certain of AngloGold Ashanti’s competitors may decide to sell specific mining assets increasing the availability of such assets in the market, which could adversely impact any sale process that AngloGold Ashanti may undertake at the same time, including such sales processes taking longer to complete or not completing at all or not realizingrealising the full value of the assets being disposed of.

Such developments could have a material adverse effect on the company’smay adversely affect AngloGold Ashanti’s business, operating results and financial condition.

Risks Related to AngloGold Ashanti’s Operations and Business

AngloGold Ashanti’s mineral deposits, OreMineral Reserve and mining operations are located in countries where political, tax and economic laws and policies may change rapidly and unpredictably and such changes and policies may adversely affect both the terms of its mining concessions, as well as its ability to conduct operations in certain countries.

Past experience demonstrates that political, tax and economic laws and policies in countries in which AngloGold Ashanti operates can change rapidly. Examples include the foreign currency regulations that were imposed from 2011 to 2015 and since September 2019 in Argentina and the ban on gold ore exports announced by the Tanzanian government in March 2017. As mining assets are fixed and largely immovable, the adverse impacts of such changes may be unavoidable and immediate.

Any existing and new mining, exploration operations and projects that the companyAngloGold Ashanti carries out are subject to various national and local laws, policies and regulations governing the ownership, prospecting, development and mining of OreMineral Reserve, taxation and royalties, exchange controls, import and export duties and restrictions, investment approvals, employee and social community relations and other matters.

In many of the countries in which AngloGold Ashanti operates, there is an ongoing focus by governments seeking greater economic benefit and increased financial and social benefits from extractive industries and mining in particular. This entails the review of mining codes and stability agreements, which were in many cases designed under particular economic conditions, and the formulation or amendment of laws, policies and regulations relating to issues such as mineral rights and asset ownership, royalties, taxation and taxation disputes, “windfall” or “super” taxation, non-recovery of taxation refunds, import and export duties, currency transfers, restrictions on foreign currency holdings and repatriation of earnings. The laws, policies and regulations are increasingly uncertain, changing and generally require progressively higher payments to governments, notably in the form of increased royalties and taxes, mandated beneficiation, export levies and increasing or retaining state or national ownership of resources.resources (including by way of free-carried interests in mining companies for governments). For example, the royalty rate applicable to gold increased from 2.5 percent to 3.5 percent in 2018 in the DRC and from four percent to six percent in Tanzania in 2017. In particular, changes to the fiscal terms governing AngloGold Ashanti’s operations may have a material adverse impact on the company’sits results of operations or financial condition, threaten the viability of existing operations, and discourage future investments in certain jurisdictions. This may therefore have an adverse impact on the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to access new assets and potentially reduce future growth opportunities.

For example, in July 2017, the government of Tanzania enacted new legislation which purports to make a number of changes to the operating environment for Tanzania’s extractive industries, including its mining sector. These changes include, amongstamong other things, the right for the government of Tanzania to renegotiate existing mining development agreements at its discretion and the provision to the government of Tanzania of a non-dilutable, free-carried interest of no less than 16 percent in all mining projects. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Africa Region—Tanzania”. Any future amendments to the mining codes of the countries in which AngloGold Ashanti operates or attempts to renegotiate the company’sits existing mining conventions in such countries could have further adverse effects on the company’sits financial condition and results of operations.

Another example were the amendments to the fiscal mining regime in Ghana introduced in 2012 by the government of Ghana which, amongstamong other things, increased the corporate taxation and royalty rates. In this regard, AngloGold Ashanti (Ghana) Limited negotiated in relation to the Obuasi mine a new development agreement (Obuasi DA)(the “Obuasi DA”) and a new tax concession agreement (Obuasi TCA)



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(the “Obuasi TCA”) with the government of Ghana. As a result of the parliamentary ratification of the Obuasi DA and Obuasi TCA in June 2018, the 2004 Ghana Stability Agreement ceased to apply to the Obuasi mine but continued to apply to the Iduapriem mine until it expired in April 2019. Relevant engagements are currently ongoing between AngloGold Ashanti (Iduapriem) Limited with the government of Ghana to obtain a new agreement for the Iduapriem mine. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The
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Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Africa Region—Ghana”. Any future amendments to the Ghanaian mining regime, negotiation of new agreements, or attempts or failures to renegotiate existing agreements on the same favourable conditions or at all may have a material adverse effect on the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations or financial condition.

In addition, some of AngloGold Ashanti’s mineral deposits and mining and exploration operations are located in countries that are experiencing social and political instability as well as economic uncertainty. For example, recentin Guinea, a military coup in September 2021, during which the president was detained, resulted in political instability. Furthermore, political instability and related events in Mali led to the president formally resigning in August 2020 after being detained by a group of soldiers.soldiers, which was followed by a second military coup in May 2021. The political instability in Mali may negatively affect the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to consummate the disposal of its interests in the Yatela joint venture, including the terms, fulfilment of conditions precedent or timing thereof. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Africa Region—Mali”. In these countries experiencing social and political instability as well as economic uncertainty, there is a risk that political influence may delay or hinder strategic imperatives for cost rationalisation especially in the areas of procurement and labour reductions. In addition, allegations of corruption in Brazil, the DRC and Guinea against top political and industry leaders have increased political instability and distrust. Efforts at political and economic reforms in Brazil and such other countries may lead to increased instability. Furthermore, elections in the countries in which AngloGold Ashanti operates may be accompanied by social, political and economic uncertainty and instability. The high levels of unemployment, poverty and inequality remain in each of these countries, further increasing the risk of social instability that will continue to negatively impact their economies, business and the mining industry.

Mining is a long-term activity and assets may be located in jurisdictions with elevated risk. Political instability and the resulting unstable business environment in such countries in which companies operate may discourage future investment in those jurisdictions, and may have an adverse impact on the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to access new assets, potentially reducing growth opportunities.

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to an uncertain tax environment. Increased taxes are expected in most countries of operation. Changes in tax laws could result in higher tax expense and payments and could materially impact AngloGold Ashanti’s tax receivables and liabilities as well as deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities. In addition, the uncertain tax environment in some regions in which AngloGold Ashanti operates could limit AngloGold Ashanti’sits ability to enforce its rights. As a global company, AngloGold Ashanti conducts its business in countries subject to complex tax rules, which may be interpreted in different ways. The interpretation and application of tax rules by tax authorities and courts in the countries in which the Company operates may be uncertain and unpredictable and could result in higher tax expense and payments than anticipated, even if such tax exposure is considered to be remote by the Company. Further interpretations or developments of tax regimes may affect the company’sCompany���s tax liability,liabilities, return on investments and business operations. AngloGold Ashanti is regularly examined bythe subject of tax authoritiesaudits in its various jurisdictions of operation. inIn Tanzania, the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA)(“TRA”) has been raising audit findings during the past decade on various tax matters in relation to fiscal years 2009 to 2018.2021. A total amount of $254$318 million iswas in dispute as of 31 December 2020 (2019: $1642022 (2021: $291 million), including additional tax assessments of $94 $28million received in 2020.2022. AngloGold Ashanti has challenged those audit findings through the applicable administrative and judicial processes. These matters are at different stages of appeal, including before the two administrative bodies, the Tax Revenue Appeals Board and the Tax Revenue Appeals Tribunal, and the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. In March 2020, the Tax Revenue Appeals Board found in favour of the TRA in a tax dispute relating to AngloGold Ashanti’s tax assessment for fiscal year 2012. AngloGold Ashanti appealed this decision to the Tax Revenue Appeals Board. In Colombia, the Colombian tax authorities (Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales) challenged AngloGold Ashanti’s tax treatment of exploration expenditure in relation to fiscal years 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2014, resulting in claims for additional taxes as well as interest and penalties. During November and December 2022, the Council of State of Colombia ruled against the Company in respect of certain of these lawsuits. The Company’s other lawsuits are still pending before the Colombian courts. See “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings—Tax matters”. In addition, governmental authorities, whether tax, judicial or other, may also issue claims against the Company or its operations, which may be unfounded and without merit, involving substantial penalties and interest. For example, in the DRC, during 2022, Kibali Goldmines S.A., which owns and operates the Kibali gold mine, received several claims from the DRC customs authorities (Direction Générale des Douanes et Accises) (the “DRC Customs Authority”) covering a number of customs duties issues. The DRC Customs Authority claims that incorrect import duty tariffs have been applied to the import of certain consumables and equipment for the Kibali gold mine. In addition, the DRC Customs Authority claims that the exemption available to Kibali Goldmines S.A., which was granted under the original mining lease, no longer applies. Finally, the DRC Customs Authority claims that a service fee paid on the exportation of gold was paid to the wrong government body. These claims, including substantial penalties and interest, total $339 million (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $153 million). For further information, see “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 17—Investments in associates and joint ventures”. Kibali Goldmines S.A. is of the opinion that such claims are unfounded and without merit. AngloGold Ashanti’s inability to resolve these and other tax disputes favourably or to enforce its rights, may have a material adverse impact on the company’sits financial performance, cash flow and results of operations.

For example inIn Guinea, DRC and Tanzania, AngloGold Ashanti is due refunds of input tax and fuel duties which have remained outstanding for periods longer than those provided for in the respective statutes. For example, inIn Tanzania, AngloGold Ashanti calculates that net overdue recoverable input tax, fuel duties and appeal deposits (after discounting provisions) of $229$196 million (2021: $234 million) (including $139 $153million (2021: $142 million) of value added tax (VAT)(“VAT”) input credit refunds) arewere owed to AngloGold Ashanti as of 31 December 20202022 and held by the Tanzanian government and it is not certain if and when AngloGold Ashanti will be refunded



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these amounts.See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Africa Region—Tanzania”. For example, inIn the DRC, the companyAngloGold Ashanti calculates that AngloGold Ashanti’sits attributable share of the net recoverable VAT balance (including recoverable fuel duty and after discounting provisions) owed to AngloGold Ashantiit by the DRC government amountsamounted to $66 $86million (2021: $73 million) as of 31 December 2020.2022. Whilst an agreement was reached with the DRC government on the reimbursement of the refundable VAT in the last quarter of 2018, uncertainty remains regarding the timing and level of cash receipts and offsets against other taxes for purposes of the recovery of AngloGold Ashanti’s VAT receivables in the DRC. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Africa Region—Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)”. Similarly, as a general matter, it is not certain when or whether AngloGold Ashanti will be refunded all tax-related amounts due from any other government.

The countries in which the companyAngloGold Ashanti operates may also introduce export restrictions, exchange controls, impose restrictions to source materials and services locally, or impose other similar restrictions that hinder foreign companies’ operations within such countries as well as adversely affect their results of operations and financial condition. For example, in March 2017, the Tanzanian government announced an immediate ban on gold, silver, copper and nickel ore exports, in an attempt to ensure that mineral value-addition activities would be carried out in-country. Further, in 2018, for example, the DRC government imposed new exchange control rules, as part of its reform of the DRC’s mining code, which resulted in AngloGold Ashanti’s inability to repatriate dividendscash from the company’sits DRC operations. The company’sCompany’s attributable share of the outstanding cash balances awaiting repatriation from the DRC amounted to $424$40 million (2021: $499 million) as of 31 December 2020. AngloGold Ashanti’s joint venture partner, Barrick Gold Corporation, which operates the Kibali gold mine, continues to engage with the DRC government regarding the new mining code and the cash repatriation.2022. In this respect, the AngloGold Ashanti’s temporary or permanent inability to repatriate cash from the countries in which AngloGold Ashanti operates could have a material adverse effect on the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Africa Region—Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)”.

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Additionally, from 2011 to 2015, the ArgentinianArgentinean government introduced stricter exchange controls and related protracted approval processes which limited the company’sCompany’s ability to repatriate dividends from its ArgentinianArgentinean subsidiaries. In September 2018, export duties were re-imposed by the ArgentinianArgentinean government, which are currently set at eight percent for certain goods, including doré bars and gold alloys. AngloGold Ashanti’s net export duty receivables (after discounting provisions) in Argentina amounted to $23$9 million (2021: $19 million) as of 31 December 2020.2022. These re-imposed export duties, if not compensated with other tax reductions, affect the tax stability guarantee granted to Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (CVSA)(“CVSA”) and could have a material adverse impact on the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition. Furthermore, in September 2019, the ArgentinianArgentinean government re-established foreign exchange and export controls. OutstandingCVSA had a cash balances awaiting repatriation from Argentina amountedbalance equivalent to $65$116 million as of(2021: $139 million) at 31 December 2020.2022. The cash balance is available to be paid to AngloGold Ashanti’s offshore ($105 million (equivalent)) and onshore ($15 million (equivalent)) investment holding companies in the form of declared dividends. Applications have been made to the Argentinean Central Bank to approve the purchase of U.S. dollars in order to distribute offshore dividends. In December 2022, the Argentinean Central Bank approved the payment of $17 million (equivalent) to AngloGold Ashanti. The remaining approvals are pending. In addition, increased socio-political tensions and hyper-inflation over the past few years have greatly increased the country risk which in turn has lowered the potential future earnings of AngloGold Ashanti’s investment in CVSA. Political uncertainty following the 2019 presidential election further exacerbates the risk. The economic contraction for 2020 ended at 10.5Argentina’s economy continues to suffer from a persistent recession coupled with high inflation (94.8 percent in 2022) and a further recession is expectedwidespread unemployment (an estimate of approximately seven percent in 2021.2022). See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Argentina”.

If, in one or more of the countries in which it operates, AngloGold Ashanti were not able to obtain or maintain necessary permits, authorisations or agreements to implement planned projects or continue its operations under conditions or within timeframes that make such plans and operations economically viable, or if the applicable legal, ownership, fiscal (including all royalties and duties), exchange control, employment, environmental and social laws or regimes change materially, or if the governing political authorities change resulting in amendments to such laws and regimes, this could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s operating results, financial condition, and, in extreme situations, on the viability of an operation. See “—AngloGold Ashanti’s mining rights in the countries in which it operates could be altered, suspended or cancelled for a variety of reasons, including breaches in its obligations in respect of such mining rights” and “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine”.

The prevalence of occupational health diseases and other diseases and the potential costs and liabilities related thereto may have an adverse effect on the business and results of operations of AngloGold Ashanti.

The primary areas of focus in respect of occupational health of employees within the company’sCompany’s operations are noise-induced hearing loss and occupational lung diseases (OLD)(“OLD”), which include pulmonary diseases such as tuberculosis from various causes and silicosis in individuals exposed to silica dust, and which require active dust management strategies in underground operations. In South Africa, a significant number of silicosis cases by former employees alleging past exposures are still reported each year to the board for statutory compensation. If the costs associated with providing occupational health services, implementing dust control measures or supplying protective equipment increase significantly beyond anticipated or budgeted amounts, this could have an adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition. Actual and alleged health and safety incidents or breaches of standards may also adversely impact the company’sCompany’s reputation.

In South Africa, AngloGold Ashanti has been subject to numerous claims, including class action litigation with respect to alleged OLD with two certified industry-wide classes, i.e., a Silicosis Class and a Tuberculosis Class. The settlement agreement in relation to this silicosis and tuberculosis class action came into effect on 10in December 2019, following the approval of the settlement by the High Court in Johannesburg in July 2019. As a result, a trust (Tshiamiso Trust) was established for a minimum of 13 years responsible for making payments to eligible beneficiaries. The amount of monetary compensation will vary depending on the nature and seriousness of the disease. As of 31 December 2020,2022, AngloGold Ashanti has recorded a provision of $61$35 million (2019: $65(2021: $50 million and 2018: $632020: $61 million) to cover the estimated settlement costs and related expenditure of the silicosis



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litigation. Although significant judgement was applied in estimating the costs incurred to settle the silicosis and tuberculosis class action claim, the final costs and related expenditure may differ from current cost estimates. In addition, even though management believes the assumptions are appropriate, changes in the assumptions may materially affect the provision and final costs of settlement. For example, the final settlement costs and related expenditure may be higher than the recorded provision depending on various factors, such as, amongstamong other things, potential changes in the settlement terms, differences in the number and profile of eligible claimants actually compensated compared to current estimates and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. There can be no assurance that ultimately this matter will not result in losses in excess of the recorded provision, which may have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s financial position. The recent sale of the company’sCompany’s South African operating assets and liabilities to Harmony did not include the silicosis obligation relating to South African employees, which was retained by AngloGold Ashanti. For further information, see “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1—1.2—Statement of Compliance—Significant Accounting Policies—Judgements and Estimates—Use of Estimates—Provision for silicosis”.

AngloGold Ashanti also faces certain risks in dealing with HIV/AIDS and with tropical disease outbreaks such as malaria, and other diseases which may have an adverse effect on the company’sits results of operations and financial condition. Malaria and other tropical diseases pose significant health risks at all of the company’sCompany’s operations in Central, West and East Africa where such diseases may assume epidemic proportions because of ineffective national control programmes. Malaria is a major cause of death in young children and pregnant women in these areas but also gives rise to fatalities and absenteeism in adult men. Other conditions such as heart disease, chronic diseases and obesity are also of increasing incidence and concern. Such diseases impair the health of workers and negatively affect productivity and profitability as a result of workers’ diminished focus or skill, absenteeism, treatment costs and allocated resources. Any current or future medical programme may not be successful in preventing or reducing the infection rate amongstamong AngloGold Ashanti’s employees or in affecting consequent illness or mortality rates. AngloGold Ashanti may incur significant costs in addressing these issues in the future, which could also adversely impact the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition.

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The companyAngloGold Ashanti may face additional health care challenges as a result of other public health crises, pandemics or epidemics. For example, there is a risk that the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for COVID-19epidemics, which may significantly impair the health or mobility of the company’sCompany’s labour force and, as a result, the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to maintain its production levels or operations. ExcessiveUncertainties remain with respect to the possibility of the emergence, or the re-emergence, of infectious diseases (such as COVID-19, Ebola, Marburg or monkeypox) that may lead to excessive absenteeism in, or travel restrictions impacting, the company’sCompany’s workforce as the result of COVID-19and may lead to a full or partial shutdown of the company’s mines in the affected areas and, as a result,operational disruptions, including a halt or significant slowdown in related mining operations. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will impact AngloGold Ashanti’s results will depend on the scale and duration of future developments in each of the regions where the company operates, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including notably the possibility of a recurrence or “multiple waves” of the outbreak and new variants. A curtailment or suspension at the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s mining operations in certain or all regions due to full or partial shutdowns, either those requested or mandated by governmental authorities or otherwise elected by the company,Company, including for safety or staffing reasons, may have a material adverse impact on the AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition. See “—Mining operations and projects are vulnerable to supply chain disruption such that operations and development projects could be adversely affected by shortages of, as well as the lead times to deliver, strategic spares, critical consumables, mining equipment or metallurgical plant".

In South Africa, AngloGold Ashanti retained the legal and financial obligations in respect of a historical post-retirement medical scheme for certain employees and their dependents following the recent sale of the company’sCompany’s South African operating assets and liabilities to Harmony. The company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s responsibility extends to South African employees who historically qualified for such scheme (which was discontinued about two decades ago) and who were either not transferred to Harmony in connection with the asset sale but remained employed by the companyCompany as of the consummation of the sale or who had retired prior to the completion of the transaction. As of 31 December 2020,2022, AngloGold Ashanti has recorded a provision of $77 $66million (2019: $93(2021: $71 million and 2018: $932020: $77 million) to cover the estimated contribution costs of the post-retirement medical scheme for such current and retired employees. In the event that the required contribution costs ultimately exceed the estimates on which the recorded provision is based, the additional costs incurred by the companyCompany may have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s financial position. For further information, see “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 28—26—Provision for pension and post-retirement benefits”.

AngloGold Ashanti’s inability to retain its senior management may have an adverse effect on its business.

AngloGold Ashanti’s success depends largely upon the continued service of its senior management, including its chief executive officer, its chief financial officer, the executive officers at each of its business divisions and the general managers at its mines. In 2020, the company announced several changes to its senior management, including the departure of its former chief executive officer Mr. Kelvin Dushnisky, effective 1 September 2020. The departure of one or more members of AngloGold Ashanti’s senior management may have an adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, the loss of one or more members of the senior management team, coupled with any reduced attractiveness of the gold mining sector, could lead to the departures of other members of the management team. The inability of AngloGold Ashanti to retain its senior management could disrupt the company’sits operations, and have a material adverse impact on its business, results of operations and financial condition.

AngloGold Ashanti competes with mining and other companies for key human resources with critical skills and its inability to retain key personnel could have an adverse effect on its business.

AngloGold Ashanti competes on a global basis with mining and other companies to attract and retain key human resources at all levels with the appropriate technical skills and operating and managerial experience necessary to operate and supervise its business. This is exacerbated by the global shortage of persons with critical mining skills, including geologists, mining engineers, metallurgists and skilled artisans. Furthermore, the often remote locations of mining operations may make the mining industry unattractive to potential employees. Changes in taxation and the regulatory environment where AngloGold Ashanti operates may also impact the company’sCompany’s ability to attract and retain key personnel, especially those from abroad.




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For example, despite the scale of mining activities in many African countries, recruitment of skilled personnel has been challenging as the local development of critical skills struggles to match an increasing demand. Recruitment remains difficult due to university offerings and other training institution offerings often not well-suited to the specific needs of the mining industry, as well as other factors such as language barriers and low literacy skills. Furthermore, local workers with critical skills, such as jumbo operators and tele-remote bogger operators from the DRC, Ghana and Tanzania are increasingly being targeted for expatriate opportunities across the continent. In addition, it has become increasingly difficult to secure work permits for AngloGold Ashanti’s expatriate workforce in Tanzania as a result of the Tanzanian government’s efforts to promote the employment of Tanzanian citizens. Difficulties in obtaining such non-citizen work permits due to increased pressure for localisation of labour, if continuing, may have an adverse impact on the company’sCompany’s operations in Tanzania,Tanzania. Similar impacts may occur elsewhere, including in the DRC, Ghana and Guinea. OtherCertain jurisdictions, such as Ghana, have also adopted local content and local participation policies.

Other regions experience similar challenges. For example, while there is a high concentration of specialised and skilled mining workers in Australia and Brazil, there is significant competition for such personnel in those markets. Additionally, the companyCompany may incur significant costs to builddevelop talent, capacity and expertise across its global operations. Despite AngloGold Ashanti’s investments, the companyCompany may not be able to retain and attract sufficient skilled and experienced employees in all areas of the business. Should it fail to do so or lose any of its key personnel with critical skills, business and growth prospects may be harmed and this could have an adverse impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.


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Increased labour costs could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

Labour costs represent a substantial proportion of the company’sCompany’s total operating costs and at many operations in the Americas, constitute approximately 3040 to 4045 percent of the operations’ operating costs. Absent any simultaneous increase in productivity, any change to the company’sCompany’s wage agreements or other factors that could increase labour costs may have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

AngloGold Ashanti’s results may be further impaired if the companyCompany incurs penalties for failing to meet standards set by labour laws regarding workers’ rights or incurs costs to comply with new labour laws, rules and regulations. For example, Ghanaian law contains broad provisions requiring mining companies to recruit and train Ghanaian personnel and to use the services of Ghanaian companies. In Australia, the federal government put in place an industrial relations system that includes “good faith bargaining” obligations for employers, fewer restrictions on the content of collective agreements and an enhanced role for union officials as bargaining representatives, parties to agreements and participants in dispute resolution. Penalties and compliance costs, as well as increased costs due to laws and regulations less favourable to employers, could have a material adverse effect on the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition.

The use of contractors at certain of the company’sCompany’s operations may expose AngloGold Ashanti to delays or suspensions in mining activities and increases inincreased mining costs.

AngloGold Ashanti uses contractors at certain of its operations to mine and deliver ore to processing plants as well as for other purposes. At mines employing mining contractors, contracting costs represent a significant proportion of the total operating costs of these operations.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations could be disrupted, resulting in additional costs and liabilities, if the mining contractors at affected mines have financial difficulties, or if a dispute arises in renegotiating a contract, or if there is a delay in replacing an existing contractor and its operating equipment to meet business needs at expected cost levels. Increases in contract mining rates, in the absence of associated productivity increases, may also have an adverse impact on the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition. In addition, restrictions on travel imposed by governments as a result of the outbreak of infectious diseases, a pandemic or other public health threat, such as the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for COVID-19, may prevent mining contractors and other employees from reaching AngloGold Ashanti’s mining sites which could have an adverse effect on the operations of the affected mines.

Contractor disputes can also arise after the termination of the contractual relationship or the sale of the applicable mine. For example, in 2021, the company is currently involved inCompany settled arbitration proceedings with contractors in Ghana with regard to its Obuasi mine. See “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings—Ghana”.

In addition, AngloGold Ashanti’s reduced control over those aspects of operations which are the responsibility of contractors, their failure to comply with applicable legal, human rights and regulatory requirements, or their inability to manage their workforce or provide high quality services or a high level of productivity could adversely affect AngloGold Ashanti’s reputation, results of operations and financial condition, and may result in the company’sCompany’s incurrence of liability to third parties due to the actions of contractors.

Risks Related to Our Operations and Business

AngloGold Ashanti’s OreMineral Reserve, deposits and mining operations are located in countries that face instability, public health and security risks that may adversely affect both the terms of its mining concessions, as well as its ability to conduct operations in certain countries.

Some of AngloGold Ashanti’s mineral deposits and mining and exploration operations are located in countries that are experiencing political and economic instability and other uncertainty.




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Certain of the countries in which AngloGold Ashanti has mineral deposits or mining or exploration operations, including the DRC, Guinea, Ghana, Tanzania, Colombia and Brazil, have in the past experienced, and in certain cases continue to experience, a difficult security environment. In particular, various illegal groups active in regions in which the companyCompany is present may pose a credible threat of organised crime, military repression, terrorism, civil unrest and disturbances, sabotage, extortion and kidnapping, which could have an adverse effect on its operations in these and other regions.

Attacks on mining companies (for example, attacks targeting gold rooms where smelted gold bars are stored before being transported to other facilities) have also been occurring over the last couple of years, especially in Brazil, and the risk of future attacks remains a threat and could adversely affect the company’sCompany’s activities.

Intrusions onto the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s tenement and operational areas, including artisanal and illegal mining-related activities in particular, continue to be a challenge. The most significant security challenges remain in Tanzania, Guinea, Ghana and Ghana,Tanzania, in areas where there is endemic poverty, high levels of unemployment and an increased level of organisation and funding of criminal activity. See “—Artisanal and illegal mining occurs on AngloGold Ashanti’s properties, which can disrupt the company’sCompany’s business, have adverse environmental, health, safety and security impacts, and expose the companyCompany to liability”. If the security environment surrounding the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s operations that are most exposed to these challenges deteriorates, employee, third party and community member injuries and fatalities could also increase. Any such
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increase could disrupt the company’sCompany’s operations in certain mines and adversely affect its reputation, results of operations and financial condition. In some instances, risk assessments categorise threats as serious enough to require resorting to public security forces, such as national police or military units on a near-permanent basis. In the event that continued invasions in any of the company’sCompany’s countries of operations compromise the company’sCompany’s security or business principles, AngloGold Ashanti may withdraw from any such countries on a temporary or permanent basis. This could have a material adverse impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

Furthermore, the companyAngloGold Ashanti continues to experience strained relationships with certain of its host communities. AngloGold Ashanti operates in several regions where poverty, unemployment and the lack of access to alternative livelihoods mean that the creation and distribution of economic benefit from mining operations is a significant area of focus for community and government. AngloGold Ashanti has also been publicly accused of inadequate resettlement practices at its Siguiri operation in Guinea by local and international NGOs, which poses reputational risk.

In addition, infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, Ebola, Marburg or monkeypox, are also a threat to the stability of some of the countries in which the companyAngloGold Ashanti operates, where limited local health infrastructure weakens governments’ ability to manage and contain outbreaks effectively, in particular prolonged or sustained outbreaks. For example, during August 2014, cases of the Ebola virus were reported in the town of Siguiri, which is located near AngloGold Ashanti’s Siguiri mine in Guinea. The companyAngloGold Ashanti implemented certain restrictions on travel to and from the Siguiri mine as a precaution. As the Ebola virus caused significant disruptions in the company’sCompany’s exploration activities, particularly relating to field mapping and geophysics, AngloGold Ashanti also suspended its brownfields work programme and greenfields field work in the middle of 2014. A new Ebola outbreak was detected in early 2021 in Guinea, which is being monitored continuously.continued until the summer of 2021. The DRC also experienced an outbreak of the Ebola virus in 2018.

at the end of 2021 and during the summer of 2022. Similarly, the companyAngloGold Ashanti operates mines in regions that have had confirmed cases of COVID-19 and resulting deaths. In some countries, national or state governments declared a state of emergency empowering such governments to take actions or impose restrictions to contain the virus that otherwise would not be permitted under the applicable legal and regulatory framework. Governments also imposed certain restrictions on travel or business activities as protective measures, including nationwide lockdowns (quarantine), which have disrupted, and may in the future if reimposed disrupt, the company’sCompany’s activities and operations and even lead to a full or partial shutdown of the company’sCompany’s mining operations in those countries. For example, in March 2020, following the Argentinian government’s decision to impose a nationwide lockdown (quarantine), including travel restrictions, border closings and shutdown of most industries, Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (CVSA) was required to temporarily suspend mining activities. CVSA restarted milling operations in April 2020. However, in August 2020, a rotation of workers was affected by travel restrictions between the provinces in Argentina and, in November 2020, operations were voluntarily suspended to mitigate the risk of the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Although operations were expected to resume in December 2020, the Argentinian government imposed another partial shutdown of operations which had a negative impact on production at CVSA. Operations resumed in January 2021; however, AngloGold Ashanti’s operations at CVSA continue to be affected by restrictions on the movement of employees between certain localities within the province of Santa Cruz, due to recent incidents of community transmission. In March 2020, in Brazil, the State of Goiás extended a set of restrictions on the operation of non-essential business, which ran through the beginning of April 2020, to include mining, resulting in the temporary suspension of mining activities at AngloGold Ashanti’s Serra Grande operations until that time. In these countries, the suspension of mining activities continued for the period during which the respective restrictions were in force. Any such emergency governmental action may have a material adverse effect on the AngloGold Ashanti’s operating and financial results, which may result in a negative impact on the company’sCompany’s cashflows, funding requirements and overall liquidity.

The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will impact the company’s results will depend on the scale, duration and geographic reach of future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including notably the possibility of a recurrence or “multiple waves” of the outbreak and new variants. There have been instances in which governmental restrictions have been re-imposed where infection rates have started to increase again and there is a risk that widespread measures such as strict social distancing and curtailing or ceasing normal business activities may be reintroduced in the future until effective treatments or vaccines have been developed and administered. In addition to governmental measures, the company may also consider additional safety measures which may further the negative impacts on its operations or its exploration projects in countries that may be affected by infectious diseases, such as Ebola or COVID-19.

Labour unrest, activism and disruptions (including protracted stoppages) could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

AngloGold Ashanti’s employees in Ghana, Guinea, Tanzania, Brazil and Argentina are highly unionised and unions are active at some of the company’sCompany’s other operations. Trade unions working with communities and NGOs, therefore, have a significant impact on the general labour relations environment, including labour relations at an operational level and operational stability at times. Unions are characterised by their robust and positional engagement with the company,Company, both in the context of existing collective bargaining structures to improve and advance conditions of employment, and in the context of changing economic conditions, downsizing and downscaling of operations. These factors expose the company’sCompany’s operations to potential strike action and work stoppages. Any future labour unrest and disruptions could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition. For example, at Siguiri in Guinea, local community protests related to employment demands led to mining disruptions and the temporary suspension of mining activities during the month of July 2022.

Unions are also increasingly affiliated to global union federations and championing broader political, economic and social issues such as carbon emissions, environmental issues, health and safety, human rights, job losses, unemployment and restructuring, gender and inclusion issues, and migrant labour, as rallying points. Rolling mass action, picketing, protests and community involvement may create safety, security and related risks to the companyCompany and its assets. Future disruptions, strikes, and protest
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actions cannot be excluded and may have a material adverse effect on the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition, especially if these actions have a long duration. Furthermore, IndustriaALL,IndustriALL, representing more than 50 million workers globally, is expected to continue its attempts to enter into a global framework agreement with the company.mining and resource companies. A global framework agreement will expose the companyAngloGold Ashanti to the risk of standardisation and equalisations of labour terms and conditions across the group,Group, irrespective of the peculiar conditions applicable in the various jurisdictions in which the groupGroup operates. Any labour unrest and disruptions caused by such international trade unions could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

Artisanal and illegal mining occurs on AngloGold Ashanti’s properties, which can disrupt the company’sCompany’s business, have adverse environmental, health, safety and security impacts, and expose the companyCompany to liability.

Artisanal and illegal miners are active on, or adjacent to, at least 11eight of AngloGold Ashanti’s properties, which at times may lead to interference with the company’sCompany’s operations and results in conflict that presents a security threat to property and human life. The company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s operations and projects affected and potentially at risk by artisanal and/or illegal small-scale mining are mainly situated in Guinea, Ghana, Tanzania Ghana, Guinea, Brazil and Colombia.Brazil. Artisanal and illegal small-scale mining is associated with a number of negative impacts, including environmental degradation, flouting of land rights, poor workingsafety practices, erosion of civil society, human rights abuse and funding of conflict. The environmental, social, safety and health impacts of artisanal mining are frequently attributed to formal mining activity, and it is often assumed that artisanally-mined gold is channelled through large-scale mining operators, even though artisanal and large-scale miners have distinct supply and distribution chains. These misconceptions impact negatively on the reputation of the industry.

The activities of the illegal miners, which include theft and shrinkage, could cause damage to AngloGold Ashanti’s properties, includingas well as impacts to surface water, pollution, disruptions to previously rehabilitated areas, underground fires, or personal injury or death, for which AngloGold Ashanti could potentially be held responsible. Illegal mining could also result in the depletion of mineral deposits, potentially making the future mining of such deposits uneconomical. The presence of illegal miners could lead to project delays and disputes regarding the development or operation of commercial gold deposits. In addition, illegal mining could lead to an increase in the level of organisation and funding of criminal activity around some of the company’sCompany’s operations. The most significant security challenges have occurred in Tanzania, Guinea, Ghana and GhanaTanzania in areas where there is endemic poverty and high levels of unemployment.

More generally, illegal mining and theft could also result in lost gold OreMineral Reserve, mine stoppages, and have other material adverse effects on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations or financial condition.

AngloGold Ashanti’s mining rights in the countries in which it operates could be altered, suspended or cancelled for a variety of reasons, including breaches in its obligations in respect of such mining rights.

AngloGold Ashanti’s right to own and exploit Oredevelop Mineral Reserve and deposits is governed by the laws and regulations of the jurisdictions in which the mineral properties are located. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine”. Currently, a significant portion of the company’s OreAngloGold Ashanti’s Mineral Reserve and deposits are located in countries where mining rights could be suspended or cancelled should it breach its obligations in respect of the acquisition and exploitation of these rights.

In each of the countries in which AngloGold Ashanti operates, the formulation or implementation of government policies on certain issues may be unpredictable. This may include changes in laws relating to mineral rights, ownership of mining assets and the right to prospect and mine, and in extreme cases, nationalisation, expropriation or nullification of existing concessions, licenses,licences, permits, agreements and contracts.

Any existing and new mining and exploration operations and projects are subject to various national and local laws, policies and regulations governing the ownership and the right to prospect or mine or develop proposed projects. For more details on the risks surrounding ownership of mining assets, see “—Title to AngloGold Ashanti’s properties may be uncertain and subject to challenge” and “—AngloGold Ashanti’s mineral deposits, OreMineral Reserve and mining operations are located in countries where political, tax and economic laws and policies may change rapidly and unpredictably and such changes and policies may adversely affect both the terms of its mining concessions, as well as its ability to conduct operations in certain countries”.

Project implementation delays could result in licences not being renewed and the loss of mining rights. Some of AngloGold Ashanti’s mining concessions, authorisations, licences and permits are subject to expiry, limitations on renewal and various other risks and uncertainties.

In addition, any dispute with governments or other stakeholders, including labour unions, involving one of AngloGold Ashanti’s operations, as a result of rationalisation efforts or otherwise, could negatively affect AngloGold Ashanti’s relationship with such government or stakeholders in respect of other operations within the same country, which could result in adverse consequences, including unfavourable regulatory action, claims and labour disputes. Such adverse consequences could be exacerbated due to the holding companyCompany structure of AngloGold Ashanti’s subsidiaries in some of the countries in which it operates.




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In Colombia, a government agency grants exclusive concession contracts for exploration and exploitationdevelopment which contain specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project. The companyCompany must comply with these timelines unless performance is suspended, for example, due to force majeure or extensionsthese timelines are extended or modifications to the timelines.modified. If AngloGold Ashanti does not comply with the specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, it may be found in breach of its concession contract or mining licenselicence and such breach could constitute grounds for the mining authority to
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terminate such concession contract or mining license.licence. Force majeure was declared at the La Colosa project by the Colombian mining authority, stopping all activities, pending issuance of permits required to continue the next phase of operations. During the period when force majeure is in force, the specified timelines for completing the various phases of the mining project under the concession contract are suspended. The force majeure has been extended multiple times and willis now expected to expire in June 2021,2023, after which such declaration will once more need to be extended in case the relevant permits have not been granted. However, there can be no guarantee that such declaration, if required to be extended, will be extended at that time. Force majeure generally remains in force as long as the underlying circumstances which led to its declaration persist. See also “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Colombia”.

AngloGold Ashanti’s insurance does not cover most losses caused by the risks described in this section. See “—The occurrence of events for which AngloGold Ashanti is not insured or for which its insurance is inadequate may adversely affect cash flows and overall profitability”.

If AngloGold Ashanti is not able to obtain or maintain necessary permits, authorisations or agreements to prospect or mine or to implement planned projects, or continue its operations, or comply with all laws, regulations or requirements, or do so within timeframes that make such plans and operations economically viable, or if the laws impacting the company’sCompany’s ownership of its mineral rights or the right to prospect or mine change materially, or shouldif governments increase their ownership in the mines or nationalise them, AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. In addition, such challenges and difficulties may negatively affect the outcome of the Company’s project studies, which could, in some cases, lead to a reduction in its Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve, which may be significant.

AngloGold Ashanti may also prove unable to deliver on production targets, including in potentially critical areas, as well as on the timely, cost-effective and successful execution, including ramping-up, of key capital projects. For example, Colombia is an untested jurisdiction for the Company, so permitting, licensing, stakeholder expectations and demands and other external factors, including with respect to the Quebradona project, could affect timelines and cause capital overruns. Unforeseen difficulties, delays or costs may adversely affect the successful implementation of the company’sCompany’s business strategy and projects, and such strategy and projects may not result in the anticipated benefits, which could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

Title to AngloGold Ashanti’s properties may be uncertain and subject to challenge.

AngloGold Ashanti has operations in several countries where ownership of land is uncertain and where disputes may arise in relation to ownership. Certain of the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s properties may be subject to the rights or the asserted rights of various community stakeholders, including indigenous people. The presence of those stakeholders may have an impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to develop or operate its mining interests. Title legislation is complex and difficult to predict and disputes or failure to maintain title could negatively affect the business results of new or existing projects.

For example, in Australia, the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) provides for the establishment and recognition of native title under certain circumstances. Such legislationOnce a native title claim is complex, difficultregistered, the native title party has a right to predict and outsidenegotiate prior to the grant of certain mining tenements within the native title claim area. Registration of a native title claim, or a determination of native title, does not affect operations on mining tenements that were validly granted prior to the registration of the company’s control, and could negatively affectnative title claim, although registered or determined native title holders will ordinarily have a right to claim compensation from the business results of newrelevant Commonwealth or existing projects. In Ghana,State government in February 2012, the company negotiated the relocationrespect of the Sansu Community, which lies within its Obuasiimpact of the tenement on their property rights. However, in the state of Western Australia, the Mining Act 1978 (WA) provides that an applicant for the grant of, or the holder of, a mining concession; the cost of this relocation was approximately $30 million. Where consultation with stakeholderstenement is statutorily or otherwise mandated, relations may not remain amicable and disputes may leadresponsible for native title compensation, if determined to reduced accessbe payable, to properties or delays in operations.native title holders. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Australia”.

Title to the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s properties, particularly undeveloped ones, may also be defective or subject to challenge. Title insurance generally is not available, and title review does not necessarily preclude third parties from contesting ownership. Where surveys have not been conducted, theThe precise area and location of the company’sCompany’s claims may be in doubt and concessions granted under various titles in a single area may turn out not to be perfectly contiguous, leaving title to areas between concessions open to challenge. Accordingly, AngloGold Ashanti’s mineral properties may be subject to prior unregistered liens, agreements, transfers or claims, including native land claims, and title may be affected by, amongstamong other things, undetected defects. Further, title to the Company’s properties depends in some cases upon compliance with complex statutes and regulations, including those imposing periodic claim maintenance requirements. Failure to strictly comply with these requirements could invalidate the Company’s title to such properties, and such defects may not be readily curable.

Risks Related to OurAngloGold Ashanti’s Corporate and Financing Structure and Strategy

AngloGold Ashanti expects to have significant financing requirements.




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AngloGold Ashanti’s existing board-approved development projects and exploration initiatives as well as its potential development projects will require significant funding. The company’sCompany’s capital expenditure plans and requirements are subject to a number of risks, contingencies and other factors, some of which are beyond its control, including volatile or sustained lower gold prices, and therefore the actual future capital expenditure and investments may differ significantly from the current planned amounts.

As a result, new sources of capital may be needed to help meet the funding requirements of these developments, to fund ongoing business activities and to pay dividends. AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to further raise and service significant new sources of capital will be a function of macroeconomic conditions, the condition of the financial markets, future gold prices, the company’sCompany’s operational performance and operating cash flow and debt position, amongstamong other factors. The company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to raise further debt, equity or quasi-equity financing in the future and the cost of such financing will depend on, amongstamong other factors, its prevailing credit rating, which may be affected by the company’sCompany’s ability to maintain its outstanding debt and financial ratios at levels acceptable to the credit ratings agencies, its business prospects, risks relating to the countries in which it operates orand other factors. As a result, in the event of depressed gold prices, unanticipated operating or financial challenges, any dislocation in financial markets (including due to the impact of public health crises, epidemics or pandemics) or new funding limitations, AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to pursue new business opportunities on reasonable terms, invest in existing and new projects, fund its ongoing business activities, exit projects and retire or service outstanding debt and pay dividends could be significantly constrained, all of which could adversely impact the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition.


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Sales of large quantities of AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares and ADSs, andor the perception that these sales may occur or other dilution of the company’sCompany’s equity, could adversely affect the prevailing market price of the company’sCompany’s securities.

The bulk of AngloGold Ashanti’s shares are held by a relatively small number of investors. According to information available to the company,Company, AngloGold Ashanti’s five largest shareholders beneficially owned 25.8533.57 percent and the top 10 largest beneficially owned 36.2449.29 percent of AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares as at 31 December 2020. The2022. Subject to applicable securities laws, holders of AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares or ADSs may decide to sell them at any time. As a result, the market price of the company’sCompany’s securities could fall if large quantities of ordinary shares or ADSs are sold in the public market, if there is divestment by certain types or groupings of investors, or if there is the perception in the marketplace that such sales could occur. Subject to applicable securities laws, holders of the company’s ordinary shares or ADSs may decide to sell them at any time.

The market price of the company’sCompany’s ordinary shares or ADSs could also fall as a result of any future offerings AngloGold Ashanti makes of its ordinary shares, ADSs, or securities exchangeable or exercisable for the company’sCompany’s ordinary shares or ADSs, or the perception in the marketplace that these offerings might occur. AngloGold Ashanti may make such offerings, including offerings of additional ADS rights, share rights or similar securities, at any time or from time to time in the future and such offerings could adversely affect the prevailing market price of the company'sCompany's securities.

AngloGold Ashanti may not pay dividends or make similar payments to shareholders in the future.

AngloGold Ashanti pays cash dividends only if there are sufficient funds available for that purpose. Fund availability depends upon many factors, including the amount of cash available, taking into account AngloGold Ashanti’s capital expenditure on existing infrastructure and exploration and other projects. Additionally, under South African law, a company is entitled to pay a dividend or similar payment to its shareholders only if the company meets the solvency and liquidity tests set out in legislation and the company’sits founding documents.

Given these factors, including the capital and investment needs of AngloGold Ashanti, and the board of directors’ discretion to declare a dividend (including the amount and timing thereof), cash dividends may not be paid in the future.

Certain factors may affect AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to support the carrying amount of its property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and goodwill on the balance sheet. If the carrying amount of its assets is not recoverable, AngloGold Ashanti may be required to recognise an impairment charge, which could be significant.

AngloGold Ashanti reviews and tests the carrying amount of its assets when events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The companyCompany values individual mining assets at the lowest level for which cash flows are identifiable and independent of cash flows of other mining assets and liabilities.

If there are indications that impairment may have occurred, AngloGold Ashanti prepares estimates of a recoverable amount for each group of assets. Expected future cash flows are inherently uncertain and could materially change over time. Recoverable amounts are significantly affected by OreMineral Reserve and production estimates, together with economic factors such as spot and forward gold prices and currency exchange rates, as well as discount rates and estimates of costs to produce Ore ReservesMineral Reserve and future capital expenditure. Estimated rehabilitation and closure costs could also materially affect the company’sCompany’s financial performance and could result in the need to recognise an impairment charge.

If any of these uncertainties occur, either alone or in combination, management could be required to recognise an impairment, which could have a material adverse effect on the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition. For example, during 2022, AngloGold Ashanti recognised impairment losses (net of taxation) of $151 million, $57 million and $38 million in respect of its Córrego do Sítio complex, Cuiabá complex and Serra Grande mine, respectively.



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AngloGold Ashanti does not have full management control over some of its significant joint venture projectsventures and other interests.projects. If the operators of these joint ventures or projects do not manage these effectively and efficiently, the company’sCompany’s investment in these joint ventures or projects could be adversely affected and its reputation could be harmed.

AngloGold Ashanti’s joint venture at Kibali in the DRC is managed by the company’sCompany’s joint venture partner Barrick Gold Corporation (Barrick)(“Barrick”) following the completion of the merger between Randgold Resources Limited and Barrick in January 2019. In addition, certain of AngloGold Ashanti’s exploration joint ventures and projects are managed by the relevant joint venture or project partner. For example, in January 2020, the company’sCompany’s joint ventureoperation partner B2Gold Corp. assumed the role of manager of the Gramalote project in Colombia, in which AngloGold Ashanti now holds a 50 percent interest.

The companyAs AngloGold Ashanti is not the operator of these non-managed joint ventures or projects, the Company cannot ensure that these joint ventures or projects are operated, particularly on a day-to-day basis, in compliance with the standards that AngloGold Ashanti applies to its other operations. If these joint ventures or projects are not operated effectively or efficiently, including as a result of weaknesses in the policies, procedures and controls implemented by theAngloGold Ashanti’s joint venture or project partners, the company’sCompany’s investment in the relevant joint venture or project could be adversely affected. In addition, negative publicity associated with operations that are ineffective or inefficiently operated, particularly relating to any resulting accidents or environmental incidents, could harm the company’sCompany’s reputation and therefore its prospects and potentially its financial condition. Furthermore, any failure of joint venture or project partners to meet their obligations to AngloGold Ashanti or to third parties, or any disputes with respect to the parties’ respective rights and obligations, could have a material adverse impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition. In particular,For example, with respect to the companyKibali project in the DRC, AngloGold Ashanti and Barrick retain equal representation, with neither party holding a deciding vote, on the board of the company that has overall management control of the Kibali project in the DRCjoint venture and all major management decisions for this project, including approval of the budget, require board approval. If a dispute arises between the companyAngloGold Ashanti and Barrick with respect to the Kibali project and the parties are unable to amicably resolve such dispute, it may be difficult for the parties to make strategic decisions relating to
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the project affected by such dispute, the day-to-day operations and the development of such project may be adversely affected and the companyAngloGold Ashanti may have to participate in proceedings to resolve the dispute, which could adversely affect the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition.

AngloGold Ashanti’s joint venture or project partners may have economic or business interests or goals that are not consistent with the company’sCompany’s or may, as a result of financial or other difficulties, be unable or unwilling to fulfill their obligations under the joint venture or other project agreements. Disputes between AngloGold Ashanti and its joint venture or project partners may lead to legal action, including litigation between the Company and its joint venture or project partners. For example, a joint venture or project partner could decide to sell its shares in the joint venture or project in breach of any pre-emptive rights which the companyCompany may have under the relevant joint venture or other project agreement. Disputes between AngloGold Ashanti and its joint venture partners may lead to legal action, including litigation between the company and its joint venture partners. Such disputes could adversely affect the operation of the joint venture or project, may prevent the realisation of the joint ventures’venture’s or project’s goals and could adversely affect AngloGold Ashanti’s investment in the joint venture or project or harm the company’sCompany’s reputation. There is no assurance that the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s joint venture or project partners will continue their relationship with the companyCompany in the future or that the companyCompany will be able to achieve its financial or strategic objectives relating to thesuch joint ventures.ventures or projects.

Any downgrade of credit ratings assigned to AngloGold Ashanti’s debt securities could increase future interest costs and adversely affect the availability of new financing.

An actual, anticipated or unexpected negative development of AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations or cash flows, country risk, financial metrics, or an increase in its net debt position could result in a deterioration of the company’sCompany’s credit ratings. AngloGold Ashanti’s ratings are influenced inter alia, by the location of its domicile and its operations. S&P Global, Moody’s and Fitch have assigned sub-investment grade credit ratings to the Republic of South Africa and the South African sovereign ratings may have an adverse impact on the company’sCompany’s credit ratings. Furthermore, AngloGold Ashanti operates in a number of jurisdictions which have a deteriorating credit quality.quality and rating. Any downgrade of AngloGold Ashanti Limited, the Republic of South Africa or its operational jurisdictional rating,any jurisdiction in which the Company has significant operations by any rating agency could increase the company’sCompany’s cost of capital, reduce its investor base and have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

The level of AngloGold Ashanti’s indebtedness could adversely impact its business.

As at 31 December 2020,2022, AngloGold Ashanti had gross borrowings of $1.931$1.983 billion (2019: $2.033(2021: $1.909 billion and 2018: $1.9892020: $1.931 billion), excluding all leases.

AngloGold Ashanti’s indebtedness could have a material adverse effect on its flexibility to conduct business. For example, the companyCompany may be required to use a large portion of its cash flow from operations to pay the principal and interest on its debt, which will reduce funds available to finance existing operations and the development of new organic growth opportunities and potential acquisitions. In addition, under the terms of the company’sCompany’s borrowing facilities from its banks, AngloGold Ashanti is obliged to meet certain financial and other covenants. AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to continue to meet these covenants and to service its debt will depend on its future financial performance, which will be affected by its operating performance as well as by financial and other factors, including in particular the gold price, certain of which are beyond its control.




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Should the cash flow from operations be insufficient, AngloGold Ashanti could breach its financial and other covenants. Covenant breaches, if interpreted as events of default under one or more debt agreements, could allow lenders to accelerate payment of such debt. Any such acceleration could result in the acceleration of indebtedness under other financial instruments. As a result, the companyCompany may be required to refinance all or part of the existing debt, use existing cash balances, issue additional equity or sell assets. However, the companyCompany may be unable to sell assets on reasonable or profitable terms as and when necessary. Additionally, AngloGold Ashanti cannot be sure that it will be able to refinance its debt on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.

The company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s ability to access the bank, public debt or equity capital markets on an efficient basis may be constrained by dislocation in the credit markets or capital and liquidity constraints in the banking, debt or equity markets at the time of issuance. TheFor example, the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for COVID-19, which reached pandemic proportions, the geopolitical tensions and war between Russia and Ukraine and the recent inflationary pressures in the world economy led to disruption and volatility in financial and capital markets. Any prolonged dislocations in financial and capital markets could impact the company’sCompany’s ability to refinance its debt on commercially reasonable terms, if at all, and could as a result have a material adverse effect on the company’sCompany’s funding requirements and overall liquidity.

Any acquisition or acquisitions that AngloGold Ashanti may complete may expose the companyCompany to new geographic, political, legal, social, operating, financial and geological risks.

AngloGold Ashanti may pursue the acquisition of assets, properties or companies, which may include producing, development as well as advanced stage exploration assets or properties. Any such acquisition may change the scale of the company’sCompany’s business and operations and may expose it to new geographic, geological, political, social, operating, financial, fiscal, legal, regulatory and contractual risks.risks as well as jurisdictions which have a deteriorating credit quality and rating. For example, there may be a significant change in the legal, regulatory and fiscal framework applicable to the companyCompany after it has completed a relevant transaction; commodity prices may also significantly change after the companyCompany has committed to complete the transaction and established the purchase price or share exchange ratio; a material ore body may prove below expectations; AngloGold Ashanti may have more stringent criteria to recognise Mineral Reserve than any acquired business, which may lead to an amount of Mineral Reserve being recognised by the Company that is lower than the amount determined by such acquired business prior to the relevant acquisition; AngloGold Ashanti may have difficulty integrating and assimilating the operations and personnel of any acquired companies, realising anticipated synergies and maximising the financial and strategic position of the combined enterprise, and maintaining uniform standards, policies and controls; the integration may disrupt the company’sCompany’s ongoing business and its relationships with employees, suppliers and contractors; and the acquisition may divert management’s attention from AngloGold Ashanti’s day-to-day business. Furthermore, the companyCompany operates and acquires businesses in different
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countries, with different regulatory, business and operating cultures, which may exacerbate the risks described in this section. In addition, the acquired business may have undetected liabilities which may be significant.

In the event that the companyAngloGold Ashanti chooses to raise debt capital to finance any acquisition, the company’sits leverage will be increased. Should the companyCompany choose to use equity as consideration for an acquisition, existing shareholders may suffer dilution. Alternatively, the companyCompany may choose to finance any acquisition with its existing cash resources, which could decrease its ability to fund future capital expenditures.expenditures and to service its debt.

The companyAngloGold Ashanti may not be successful in overcoming these risks or any other problems encountered in connection with acquisitions. Failure by AngloGold Ashanti to implement its acquisition strategy or to integrate acquired businesses successfully could have material adverse effects on its growth, financial performance and results of operations.

The occurrence of events for which AngloGold Ashanti is not insured or for which its insurance is inadequate may adversely affect cash flows and overall profitability.

AngloGold Ashanti maintains insurance to protect against events which could have a significant adverse effect on its operations and profitability. This insurance is maintained in amounts that the companyCompany believes to be reasonable depending upon the circumstances surrounding each identified risk. However, damage and third-party claims arising from catastrophic events may exceed the limit of liability covered under these insurance policies. Furthermore, AngloGold Ashanti’s insurance does not cover all potential risks associated with its business and may exclude certain parts of its business. For example, there are specific exclusions for third-party and public liability insurance cover with respect to certain of the Company's TSFs. AngloGold Ashanti may elect not to insure certain risks due to the high premiumspremia or for various other reasons, including an assessment that the risks are remote. For example, while AngloGold Ashanti’s insurance program includes coverage for cyber-related crimes and incidents as part of the global insurance program, such coverage is limited due to its relatively high cost and the sophisticated nature of cyber-crime. AngloGold Ashanti’s insurance coverage also contains customary exclusions for acts of war and terrorism.

In order to reduce or maintain the cost of its insurance program, AngloGold Ashanti may in some instances retain a portion of the financial loss associated with an insurable event. These financial losses could be significant and could have an adverse effect on its financial condition.

Insurance for certain risks in particular, such as loss of title to mineral property, political risks in certain jurisdictions, environmental pollution, or other hazards resulting from exploration and production, is not generally available to mining companies on acceptable terms. The availability and cost of insurance coverage can vary considerably from year to year as a



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result of events beyond the company’sCompany’s control or as a result of previous claims. This can result in higher premiumspremia and periodically being unable to maintain the levels or types of insurance the companyCompany typically carries.

The failure to obtain adequate insurance could impair the company’sCompany’s ability to continue to operate in the normal course of its business. This could adversely impact its cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.

Changes in the method of determining LIBOR, or the replacement of LIBOR with an alternative reference rate, may adversely affect interest expense related to AngloGold Ashanti’s credit facilities.

LIBOR, the London interbank offered rate, is the basic rate of interest used in lending between banks on the London interbank market and is widely used as a reference for setting the interest rate on loans globally. Some of the company’s revolving credit facilities bear interest rates in relation to LIBOR and our future indebtedness may bear interest at floating rates of interest. In July 2017, the UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), which regulates LIBOR, announced that it intends to stop encouraging or requiring banks to submit LIBOR rates after 2021, and it is unclear if LIBOR will cease to exist or if new methods of calculating LIBOR will evolve. If LIBOR ceases to exist or if the methods of calculating LIBOR change from their current form, interest rates on AngloGold Ashanti’s current or future indebtedness may increase and the company may need to renegotiate its revolving credit facilities to replace LIBOR with a new standard, both of which may have an adverse effect on the company’s liquidity, results of operations or financial condition. In addition, the issues that may lead to the discontinuation or unavailability of LIBOR may make one or more of the alternative methods impossible or impracticable to determine. Further, there can be no guarantee that a transition from LIBOR to an alternative will not result in financial market disruptions, significant increases in benchmark rates or borrowing costs to borrowers, any of which could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s liquidity, results of operations or financial condition.

Market Risks

CommodityThe price of gold, AngloGold Ashanti’s principal product, and other commodity market price fluctuations could adversely affect the profitability of operations.

AngloGold Ashanti’s revenues are primarily derived from the sale of gold and, to a lesser extent, silver and sulphuric acid. The market prices for these commodities fluctuate significantly. These fluctuations are caused by numerous factors beyond the company’sCompany’s control. For example, the market price of gold may change for a variety of reasons, including:
•speculative positions taken by investors or traders in gold;
•monetary policies announced or implemented by central banks, including the U.S. Federal Reserve, such as changes in interest rates;
•changes in the demand for gold as an investment;
•changes in the demand for gold used in jewellery and for other industrial uses, including as a result of prevailing economic conditions;
•changes in the supply of gold from production, divestment, scrap and hedging;
•financial market expectations regarding interest rates and the rate of inflation;
•the strength of the U.S. dollar (the currency in which gold trades internationally) relative to other currencies;
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•actual or anticipated sales or purchases of gold by central banks and the International Monetary Fund (IMF)(“IMF”);
•gold hedging and de-hedgingunwinding of hedging by gold producers;
•global or regional political or economic events; and
•the cost of gold production in major gold-producing countries.

The market price of gold has been and continues to be significantly volatile. During 2020, the market spot gold price traded from a low of $1,469.80 per ounce to a high of $2,063.19 per ounce. Between 1 January 2021 and 19 March 2021,2022, the market spot gold price traded between a low of $1,681.24$1,622 per ounce and a high of $1,949.35$2,052 per ounce. Between 1 January 2023 and 10 March 2023, the market spot gold price traded between a low of $1,811 per ounce and a high of $1,950 per ounce. On 1910 March 2021,2023, the afternoonmarket spot gold price for gold on the London Bullion Market was $1,744.74$1,868 per ounce. In addition to protracted declines, the price of gold is also often subject to sharp, short-term changes. For example, the market spot gold price decreased from a high of $1,673.85$1,674 per ounce on 6 March 2020 to a low of $1,469.80$1,470 per ounce on 19 March 2020 in the midst of a wider market dislocation related to the COVID-19 pandemic and despite the alleged investor perception of gold as a relatively safe haven in periods of market volatility.

Any sharp or prolonged fluctuations in the price of gold can have a material adverse impact on the company’sCompany’s profitability and financial condition.

In addition, any announcements or proposals by central banks, such as the U.S. Federal Reserve, or any of its board members or regional presidents or other similar officials in other major economies, may materially and adversely affect the price of gold and, as a result, AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition and results of operations.

Events that affect the supply and demand of gold may have an impact on the price of gold. Demand for gold is also significantly impacted by trends in China and India, which account for the highest gold consumption worldwide. Government policies in these countries or other large gold-importing countries could adversely affect demand for, and consequently prices of, gold and, as a result, may adversely affect AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, despite its generally favourable impact on the market price of gold, the COVID-19 pandemic has been a driving factor behind weakness in consumer demand for gold throughout 2020, culminating in a 14 percent decline in annual demand to 3,759.6 tonnes, the first time demand remained below 4,000.0 tonnes per year since 2009.2009, according to the World Gold Council.

Furthermore, the shift in demand from physical gold to gold-related investments and speculative instruments may exacerbate the volatility of the gold price. Slower consumption of physical gold, resulting from a move toward gold-tracking investments or otherwise, may have an adverse impact on global demand for, and prices of, gold.

A sustained period of significant gold price volatility may adversely affect the company’sCompany’s ability to evaluate the feasibility of undertaking new capital projects or the continuity of existing operations, to meet its operational targets or to make other long-term strategic decisions. Lower and more volatile gold prices, together with other factors, have led AngloGold Ashanti in the past and may lead AngloGold Ashanti in the future to alter its expansion and development strategy and consider ways to align its asset portfolio to take account of such expectations and trends. As a result, the companyCompany may decide to curtail or temporarily or permanently shut down certain of its exploration and production operations, which may be difficult and costly to effect. A sustained decrease in the price of gold could also have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition and results of operations, as it may be unable to quickly adjust its cost structure to reflect the reduced gold price environment. Mines with marginal headroom may be subject to decreases in value that are not temporary, which may result in impairment losses. See “—Certain factors may affect AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to support the carrying amount of its property, plant and equipment,



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intangible assets and goodwill on the balance sheet. If the carrying amount of its assets is not recoverable, AngloGold Ashanti may be required to recognise an impairment charge, which could be significant”. The market value of gold inventory may be reduced, and marginal stockpile and heap leach inventories may be written down to net realisable value or may not be processed further as it may not be economically viable at lower gold prices. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti is obliged to meet certain financial covenants under the terms of its borrowing facilities and its ability to continue to meet these covenants could be adversely affected by a further sustained decrease in the price of gold. The use of lower gold prices in OreMineral Reserve estimates or life of minelife-of-mine plans from those prices used previously to determine Ore ReservesMineral Reserve or life of minelife-of-mine plans could also result in material impairments of the company’sCompany’s investment in mining properties or a reduction in its OreMineral Reserve estimates and corresponding restatements of its OreMineral Reserve and increased amortisation, reclamation and closure charges. Whilst, from time to time, AngloGold Ashanti may enter, and has in the past entered, into gold price hedges on an ad hoc basis on a portion of its production, the companyCompany does not systematically do so. In addition, even when AngloGold Ashanti enters into gold price hedges, there is no certainty that such hedges will adequately protect the companyCompany against gold price volatility.

The price of silver has also experienced significant fluctuations in past years. During 2020,2022, the silver price varied between a low of $11.98$17.85 per ounce and a high of $29.15$26.39 per ounce. On 1910 March 2021,2023, the price of silver was $26.25$20.51 per ounce.

Factors affecting the price of silver include investor demand, physical demand for silver bars, industrial and retail off-take, and silver coin minting.

If revenue from sales of gold, silver or sulphuric acid falls below their respective cost of production for an extended period, AngloGold Ashanti may experience losses and curtail or suspend some or all of its exploration projects and existing operations or sell underperforming assets. Declining commodities prices, including gold, copper and silver, may also force a reassessment of the feasibility of a particular project or projects, which could cause substantial delays or interrupt operations until the reassessment can be completed.

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Foreign exchange fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

Gold is principally a U.S. dollar-priced commodity and most of the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s revenues are realised in, or linked to, U.S. dollars, whilst cost of sales are largelypartly incurred in the local currency where the relevant operation is located. Given the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s global operations and local foreign exchange regulations, some of its funds are held in local currencies, such as the Brazilian real, ArgentinianArgentinean peso, Australian dollar, Ghanaian cedi and the South African rand. The weakness of the U.S. dollar against local currencies results in higher cost of sales and other costs in U.S. dollar terms. Conversely, the strengthening of the U.S. dollar lowers local cost of sales and other costs in U.S. dollar terms.

Exchange rate movements may have a material impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s operating results. For example, based on average exchange rates received in 2020,2022, the companyCompany estimates that a one percent strengthening of all of the Brazilian real, ArgentinianArgentinean peso, Australian dollar, Ghanaian cedi and the South African rand against the U.S. dollar, other factors remaining equal, would have resulted in an increase in cost of sales and total cash costs per ounce of approximately $12$13 million and $4$6 per ounce, respectively. As a result of the sale of the company’sits remaining South African operations, AngloGold Ashanti’s exposure to fluctuations in the strength of the South African rand has been reduced.

The profitability of mining companies’ operations and the cash flows generated by these operations are significantly affected by fluctuations in input production prices, many of which are linked to the prices of oil and steel.

Fuel, energy and consumables, including diesel, heavy fuel oil, chemical reagents, explosives, tyres, steel and mining equipment used or consumed in mining operations form a significant part of the operating costs and capital expenditure of any mining company.

AngloGold Ashanti has no influence over the cost of these consumables, many of which are linked to some degree to the price of oil and steel. Whilst, from time to time, AngloGold Ashanti may implement, and has in the past implemented, financial derivatives intended to reduce exposure to changes in the oil price, such input cost protection strategies may not always be successful, and any of the company’sCompany’s diesel consumption not covered by these derivatives will continue to be subject to market fluctuations.

The price of oil has fluctuated between $5.6$78 and $71.44$140 per barrel of Brent Crude in 2020.2022. During the year, as a result of the geopolitical tensions and the war between Russia and Ukraine, the oil price had increased precipitously. As of 1910 March 2021,2023, the price of oil was at $63.23$82 per barrel of Brent Crude.

AngloGold Ashanti estimates that for each U.S. dollar$1.00 per barrel rise or fall in the oil price, other factors remaining equal, cost of sales and total cash costs per ounce of all its operations change by approximately $2$1 million and $0.70or $0.50 per ounce, respectively. The sensitivity analysis includes the impacts of oil hedges. In July 2022, AngloGold Ashanti entered into forward contracts for a total of 999,000 barrels of Brent crude oil for the period January 2023 to December 2023 that will be cash settled on a monthly basis against the contract price. The average price achieved on the forward contracts is $89.20 per barrel of Brent crude oil. At 31 December 2022, the mark-to-market value of these oil derivatives was an unrealised loss of $6 million. The cost of sales and total cash costs per ounce of certain of the company’sCompany’s mines, particularly Siguiri, Geita, Iduapriem and Tropicana, and Iduapriemwhich are



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more dependent on fuel, are most sensitive to changes in the price of oil. Even when fuel prices are in decline, expected savings may be partly offset by increases in governments’ fixed fuel levies or the introduction of new levies.

Furthermore, the price of steel has also been volatile. Steel is used in the manufacture of most forms of fixed and mobile mining equipment, which is a relatively large contributor to the operating costs and capital expenditure of a mine. The price of steel has fluctuated between a low of $650 and a high of $1,541 per tonne in 2022. On 1910 March 2021,2023, the price of flat hot rolled coil (North American Domestic FOB) was $1,255$1,056 per tonne.

Fluctuations in oil and steel prices have a significant impact on operating costs and capital expenditure estimates and, in the absence of other economic fluctuations, could result in significant changes in the total expenditure estimates for new mining projects or render certain projects non-viable, which could have a material adverse impact on the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition.

Fluctuations in the exchange rate of currencies may reduce the market value of AngloGold Ashanti’s securities, as well as the market value of any dividends or distributions paid by the company.Company.

AngloGold Ashanti has historically declared all dividends in South African rands.rands (as required by South African company law). As a result, exchange rate movements may have affected the Australian dollar, the Ghanaian cedi, the British pound and the U.S. dollar value of these dividends, as well as of any other distributions paid by the relevant depositary to holders of the company’sCompany’s securities.

Furthermore, AngloGold Ashanti’s Memorandum of Incorporation allows for dividends and distributions to be declared in any currency at the discretion of the board of directors or the company’sCompany’s shareholders at a general meeting. If, and to the extent that, AngloGold Ashanti is able to or opts to declare dividends and distributions in U.S. dollars, exchange rate movements will not affect the U.S. dollar value of any dividends or distributions. Nevertheless, the value of any dividend or distribution in Australian dollars, Ghanaian cedis, British pounds or South African rands will continue to be affected. If, and to the extent that, dividends and distributions are declared in South African rands in the future, exchange rate movements will continue to affect the Australian dollar, Ghanaian cedi, British pound and U.S. dollar value of these dividends and distributions. This may reduce the value of the company’sCompany’s securities to investors. Additionally, the market value of AngloGold Ashanti’s securities as expressed in Australian dollars, Ghanaian cedis, British pounds, U.S. dollars and South African rands will continue to fluctuate in part as a result of foreign exchange fluctuations.


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Global political and economic conditions could adversely affect the profitability of operations.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations and performance depend significantly on worldwide economic conditions. Despite signs of economic recovery in certain geographic markets, global economic conditions remain fragile with significant uncertainty regarding recovery prospects, levels of recovery and long-term economic growth effects. Concerns remain regarding the sustainability and future of both the European Monetary Union and its common currency, the Euro, and the European Union (EU), in their current form, particularly following the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the EU on 31 January 2020, and the evolution of the economic and security relationship, including trade arrangements, between the EU and the United Kingdom.

These conditions and other disruptionsDisruptions to international credit markets and financial systems have caused in the past, and may cause in the future, a loss of investor confidence and resultedresulting in widening credit spreads, a lack of price transparency, increased credit losses and tighter credit conditions. Any economic recovery may remain limited in geographic scope. A significant risk also remains that this recovery could be slow or that the global economy could quickly fall back into an even deeper and longer lasting recession or even a depression.

Global economic turmoil, or the expectation that economic turmoil could worsen, could have follow-on effects on AngloGold Ashanti’s business that include inflationary cost pressures, interest rate fluctuations and commodity market fluctuations. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in disruption and volatility in global financial markets and capital markets and a significant decrease in global economic activity, which may havehad an adverse effect on worldwide demand for gold and may also materially adversely affectaffected the profitability of the company’s operations or financial condition.Company’s operations. Further deteriorationsdeterioration in economic conditions, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise, could lead to a further or prolonged decline in demand for gold and negatively impact our business.AngloGold Ashanti’s business, and any such negative impact may be material. See also “—The prevalence of occupational health diseases and other diseases and the potential costs and liabilities related thereto may have an adverse effect on the business and results of operations of AngloGold Ashanti”.

Furthermore, the geopolitical tensions and war between Russia and Ukraine and the retaliatory measures that have been taken, and could be taken in the future, by the United States, the European Union (“EU”), the United Kingdom, NATO and other jurisdictions have created global security concerns that could result in a regional or global conflict and otherwise have a lasting impact on regional and global economies, any or all of which could adversely affect AngloGold Ashanti’s business.

Other factors that could negatively affect AngloGold Ashanti’s financial results and results of operations include, for example:
•the insolvency of key suppliers or contractors, which could result in contractual breaches and a supply chain breakdown;
•the insolvency of one or more joint venture partners, which could result in contractual breaches and disruptions at the operations of the company’sCompany’s joint ventures;
•changes in other income and expense, which could vary materially from expectations, depending on gains or losses realised on the sale or exchange of financial instruments and impairment charges that may be incurred with respect to investments;



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•a reduction in the availability of credit, which may make it more difficult for the companyCompany to obtain financing for its operations and capital expenditures or make that financing more costly;
•exposure to the liquidity and insolvency risks of the company’sCompany’s lenders and customers; and
•impairment of operations.

the carrying value of operations in AngloGold Ashanti’s financial statements.
In addition to the potentially adverse impact on the profitability of the company’sCompany’s operations, any deterioration in or increased uncertainty regarding global economic conditions may increase volatility or negatively impact the market value of AngloGold Ashanti’s securities.

Energy cost increases and power fluctuations and stoppages could adversely impact the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

Increasing global demand for energy, concerns about nuclear power and the limited growth of new supply are impacting the price and supply of energy. The transition of emerging markets to higher energy consumption, actual and proposed pricing or taxation of carbon emissions, as well as unrest and potential conflict in the Middle East amongstas well as the war between Russia and Ukraine, among other factors, could result in increased demand or constrained supply and sharply escalating oil and energy prices. In particular, the hostilities between Russia and Ukraine triggered the imposition of various sanctions by the United States, the EU, the United Kingdom and other jurisdictions against Russia. These and any additional sanctions or export controls, as well as countermeasures taken by Russia or other jurisdictions, led to a sharp increase in oil and energy prices, given Russia’s role as a major global exporter of crude oil and natural gas, which adversely impacted the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. This risk will be further exacerbated if the oil and energy prices return to such an elevated level or increase further.

Electricity sourced from fossil fuel based generation is currently used for most of AngloGold Ashanti’s business and safety-critical operations, including cooling, hoisting and dewatering. Loss of power can therefore impact production and employee safety, and prolonged outages could lead to flooding of workings and ore sterilisation. AngloGold Ashanti’s mining operations are substantially dependent upon a mix of electrical power generated by local power utilities and by own power generation plants situated at some of its operations. The unreliability of local power utilities in some of the developing countries in which AngloGold Ashanti operates could have a material adverse effect on the company’sCompany’s operations, as large amounts of power are required for ventilation, exploration, development, extraction, processing and other mining activities on the company’sCompany’s properties. For example, in Tanzania, government policies put increased pressure on companies to utilise the national grid, which could adversely impact ourthe Company’s mining operations in the country due to potential power quality issues.

Certain of AngloGold Ashanti’s mining operations depend on supplies of fuel delivered by road which have been disrupted in the past and may be disrupted again in the future. Any such disruptions could negatively impact operating costs and cashflows from these operations.


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Concerns about the integrity or reliability of the LBMA Gold Price Benchmark could adversely affect investor interest in gold and confidence in the gold market.

Historically, the gold market relied on prices and trades made relative to a benchmark known as the London Gold Fix (Fix), set by a group of five fixing banks that matched buyers and sell orders. Following a series of allegations regarding the possible manipulation of the Fix by fixing banks, U.S., German and UK regulators undertook a review of the fixing process.

In 2015, the Fix was replaced by the LBMA Gold Price Benchmark, which is run and managed by the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE). The ICE is independent of the gold market as it does not conduct any trading of gold.

Whilst AngloGold Ashanti had no role in the operation of the Fix during the period under review and has no responsibility for the conduct of the market makers in the gold market, the gold market could still be affected if the integrity of the LBMA Gold Price Benchmark is undermined as a result of ongoing lawsuits, resulting in reduced demand for the company’s gold, greater volatility in gold prices and less liquidity in the gold market. Since 2015, when AngloGold Ashanti joined the new oversight committee for the LBMA Gold Price Benchmark which is regulated by the FCA, the volumes being traded through the benchmarks have steadily increased, as have the number of direct participants. Due to some issues around the LBMA Silver Price Benchmark, ICE, under the auspices of the LBMA Gold Price Benchmark, was asked to assume the duties of managing the Silver Benchmark. As such, the LBMA Gold Price Oversight Committee has now become the LBMA Precious Metals Oversight Committee. If further allegations are made against the LBMA Gold Price Benchmark in the future, AngloGold Ashanti could be implicated more directly, which may have an adverse effect on its reputation.

Inflation may have a material adverse effect on results of operations.

Many of AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are located in countries that have experienced high rates of inflation during certain periods.periods and inflationary pressures have been exacerbated by recent geopolitical tensions and supply constraints resulting in increases in energy and other input commodity costs. It is possible that significantly higher future inflation in the countries in which the companyCompany operates may result in an increase in operational costs in local currencies (without a concurrent devaluation of the local currency of operations against the U.S. dollar or an increase in the U.S. dollar price of gold). This could have a material adverse effect on the company’sCompany’s results of operations and financial condition. Significantly higher and sustained inflation, with a consequent increase in operational costs, could result in the rationalisation (including closure) of higher-cost mines or projects. Furthermore, when inflation reaches highly inflationary levels in a country in which the companyCompany operates, social unrest and union activity may increase, which in turn may have an adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s operational costs and results of operation in that country.

Of particular concern is the increasing inflation rate in Argentina which was recorded at 24.894.8 percent in 2017 and rose to 47.62022, 51.0 percent in 2018,2021, 36.1 percent in 2020, 53.8 percent in 2019 and 42.047.6 percent in 2020.2018. Hyper-inflationary reporting will be reflected in the financial statements of the company’sCompany’s local subsidiaries. However, hyper-inflationary movements are not reflected in the group’sGroup’s consolidated financial statements as AngloGold Ashanti’s local ArgentinianArgentinean subsidiary is deemed to have a U.S. dollar functional currency.

Other Regulatory and Legal Risks

Failure to comply with laws, regulations, standards and contractual obligations, breaches in governance processes or fraud, bribery and corruption may lead to regulatory penalties, loss of licences or permits, negative effects on AngloGold Ashanti’s reported financial results, and adversely affect its reputation.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations must comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws of the jurisdictions in which AngloGold Ashanti operates. There has been a substantial increase in the global enforcement of these laws and an increased focus on the actions of mining companies. Any violation of such laws could result in significant criminal or civil sanctions. Conversely, in certain circumstances, strict compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with certain local customs and practices. Since the companyAngloGold Ashanti operates globally in multiple jurisdictions, including those with



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less developed political and regulatory environments, and within numerous and complex frameworks, its governance and compliance processes may not prevent potential breaches of law, accounting principles or other governance or customary practices.

AngloGold Ashanti’s Code of Business Principles and Ethics, Business Integrity Policy and Policy on Anti-Bribery and Anti-Corruption, amongstamong other policies, standards and guidance, and training thereon may not prevent instances of unethical or unlawful behaviour, including bribery or corruption. They also may not guarantee compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and may fail to enable management to detect breaches thereof.of such requirements.

Sanctions for failure by the companyCompany or others acting on its behalf to comply with these laws, regulations, standards and contractual obligations could include fines, penalties, resignation or removal of officers, imprisonment of officers, litigation, and loss of operating licences or permits, suspensions of operations and negative effects on AngloGold Ashanti’s reported financial results and may damage its reputation. Such sanctions could have a material adverse impact on the company’sCompany’s financial condition and results of operations.

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to the risk of litigation, the causes and costs of which are not always known.uncertain.

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to litigation, arbitration and other legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business and may be involved in disputes that may result in litigation. The causes of potential future litigation cannot be known and may arise from, amongstamong other things, business activities, environmental, and health and safety concerns, share price volatility or failure to
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comply with disclosure obligations. The results of litigation cannot be predicted with certainty but could include costly damage awards or settlements, fines, and the loss of licenses,licences, concessions, or rights, amongstamong other things. See “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings”.

In the event of a dispute, AngloGold Ashanti may be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of foreign courts or may not be successful in subjecting foreign persons to the jurisdiction of courts in South Africa. An adverse or arbitrary decision of a foreign court could have a material adverse impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s financial performance, cash flow and results of operation.

InFor example, in Colombia, the companyAngloGold Ashanti is also involved in class action lawsuits in relation to each of AGAC’sits Santa María-Montecristo and La Colosa projects.projects seeking to stop the Company from conducting exploration, development and mining activities in certain areas, in which these exploration projects are located, due to environmental concerns. See “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings—Colombia”. The company’s core mining concession contracts provide that the Colombian mining authority has the discretion to declare the underlying concession void if AGAC repeatedly or continually breaches applicable environmental laws or regulations or engages in acts of corruption or other serious misconduct. In that event, AGAC could be required to abandon the relevant project and, depending on the severity of the violations or misconduct, the Colombian mining authority may cancel AGAC’s other existing mining concession contracts. Pending proposals for new mining concession contracts could also be cancelled and AGAC could be banned from doing business with the Colombian government for a period of five years.

Should the companyAngloGold Ashanti be unable to resolve disputes favourably or to enforce its rights, this may have a material adverse impact on the company’sits financial performance, cash flow and results of operations.

Compliance with “conflict minerals” and “responsible gold” legislation and standards could result in significant costs.

Stringent standards relating to “conflict minerals” and “responsible” gold including, but not limited to, the U.S. Dodd-Frank Act, the EU Regulation 2017/821 on supply chain due diligence obligations for EU importers of gold originating from conflict-affected and high-risk areas, the OECD Due Diligence Guidelines for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas, the World Gold Council Conflict-Free Gold Standard and the London Bullion Market Association Responsible Gold Guidance have been introduced. Any such legislation and standards may result in significant costs to ensure and demonstrate compliance (particularly where standards change rapidly or lack certainty due to court challenges) and may complicate the sale of gold emanating from certain areas. The complexities of the gold supply chain, especially as they relate to “scrap” or recycled gold, and the fragmented and often unregulated supply of artisanal and small-scale mined gold are such that there may be significant uncertainties at each stage in the chain as to the provenance of the gold. As a result of the uncertainties in the process, the costs of due diligence and audit, or the reputational risks of defining their product or a constituent part as containing a “conflict mineral” may be too burdensome for the company’sCompany’s customers. Accordingly, manufacturers may decide to switch supply sources or to substitute gold with other minerals not covered by the initiatives. This could have a material negative impact on the gold industry, including on AngloGold Ashanti’s results of operations and financial condition.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are subject to various climate change-related physical risks which may adversely impact its production activities, mine sites and personnel and/or result in resource shortages or environmental damages.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are exposed to a number of physical risks resulting from climate change, such as changes in rainfall rates or patterns leading to increased water stress or floods, rising sea levels, higher temperatures, fires and severe weather events such as tropical cyclones. These events or conditions could disrupt its mining, transport and supply chain operations, mineral processing and environmental rehabilitation efforts, create resource or energy shortages, damage the Company’s property or equipment and increase on-site health and safety risks due to, for example, erosion and geotechnical instability. For example, in January 2022, the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil was impacted by heavy rains, which resulted in 145 municipalities declaring an emergency. Thousands of people were forced out of their homes and evacuated from the affected areas, and more than 120 roads were blocked. The impacts were particularly severe in several of the cities where AngloGold Ashanti operates and where its employees reside, which resulted in the operations at Córrego do Sítio being temporarily partially



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stopped. Extreme rainfall events are also an increasingly significant risk for AngloGold Ashanti’s Australian operations. A significant increase in rainfall has the potential to adversely impact normal TSF operating procedures as well AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to operate processing plants in the event it is unable to discharge process water due to insufficient capacity in the receiving TSF pool. In contrast, increasing water stress at some of AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Africa could, in the future, negatively impact the Company’s ability to successfully implement its environmental rehabilitation programmes and/or to suppress dust from its operations. These events or conditions also could have adverse effects on AngloGold Ashanti’s workforce and on the communities around its mines, such as an increased risk of food insecurity, drinking water scarcity, access to power and prevalence of disease.

In 2020, AngloGold Ashanti completed climate change-related physical risk assessments for all of its operated assets as well as the Quebradona project. While the assessments indicated that many of the identified physical climate risks were already included in the risk management strategy for these sites, AngloGold Ashanti may not have identified all potential risks or all the potential impacts of such risks. Events or conditions that are catastrophic, or are otherwise not adequately addressed by AngloGold Ashanti’s adaptation and risk management strategies, could have a material adverse effect on its production activities, assets, results of operations and financial condition.

Compliance with emerging climate changechange-related requirements, including stricter regulations and the potential imposition of carbon taxes or GHG emissions cap-and-trading schemes or the elimination of related subsidies, that are expected to be part of a country’s participation in a transition to a lower-carbon economy, could result in significant additional costs and climate change may present physical risksexpose AngloGold Ashanti to a mining company’s operations.additional liabilities.

Greenhouse gases (GHGs)(“GHGs”) are emitted directly by AngloGold Ashanti’s operations as well as by external utilities from which AngloGold Ashanti purchases electricity. As a result of commitments made at the UN Climate Change Conference in Durban, South Africa, in December 2011, certain members of the international community negotiated a treaty at the Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris in December 2015 (Paris Agreement)(the “Paris Agreement”). The Paris Agreement, which came into force on 4in November 2016, requires developed countries to set targets for GHG emissions reductions. In order to meet national reductions commitments, including a goal of “net zero” carbon emissions or carbon neutrality by 2050 set by numerous jurisdictions, it is likely that various countries will implement or adopt additional measures addressing GHG emissions, including stricter GHG emissions limits willand/or some form of carbon pricing, in the future. In 2021, AngloGold Ashanti committed to the International Council on Mining & Metals (“ICMM”) target of achieving net zero Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions by 2050, and, in partnership with value chain partners, to set Scope 3 GHG reduction targets, if not by the end of 2023, as soon as possible thereafter. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti announced a 2030 reduction target to achieve a 30% absolute reduction in its Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions, as compared to 2021 GHG emissions, through a combination of renewable energy projects, fleet electrification and lower-emission power sources, the capital cost for which is currently anticipated to be approximately $1.1 billion (of which $350 million is expected to be funded over that period by AngloGold Ashanti and the remaining $750 million through third-party funding, including from providers of renewable energy infrastructure).

Carbon pricing refers to various initiatives that seek to internalise the social or environmental cost of carbon on industries by imposing taxes, cap-and-trade schemes and/or elimination of free credits for carbon emissions. As governments continue to set aggressive decarbonisation targets to meet the commitments made as a result of the Paris Agreement, carbon pricing systems are likely to be implemented in various countries in the future.

a number of jurisdictions were AngloGold Ashanti operates. Such measures could require AngloGold Ashanti to reduce its direct GHG emissions or energy use or to incur significant costs for GHG emissions allowances or taxes, including as a result of costs or taxes passed on by electricity utilities which supply the company’sCompany’s operations. AngloGold Ashanti could also incur significant costs associated with capital equipment to reduce GHG emissions, as well as GHG monitoring and reporting and other obligations to comply with applicable requirements.

Such measures could drive up the costs of capital goods, energy and other utility costs that are critical inputs to the Company’s mining operations. Certain countries, including Australia and Brazil, have passed or are considering GHG trading or tax schemes and/or other regulation of GHG emissions, although the precise impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s operations cannot yet be determined.

AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to implement changes to decarbonise its operations varies across its portfolio. In regions which rely more on fossil fuels for energy, such as the Company’s mines in Australia and Tanzania, mandated GHG reductions and/or carbon pricing measures could have a material adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s production activities, results of operations and financial condition. See also “Item 4B: Business Overview—Sustainability and Environmental, HealthSocial and SafetyGovernance (“ESG”) Matters”.

In addition,While AngloGold Ashanti’s operations could be exposedAshanti believes that gold’s well-demonstrated roles as a risk hedge and portfolio diversifier will continue to a numbersupport investment demand for gold, even in an environment of physical risksuncertainty and heightened market volatility from climate change and the transition to a lower-carbon global economy, a sustained economic downturn or disruptions in certain industrial sectors where gold is integral to manufacturing, including electronic devices such as changes in rainfall rates or patterns, rising sea levels, reduced process water availability, higher temperaturesphones, computers and extreme weather events. Such events or conditions, including flooding or inadequate water supplies,global positioning systems as well as jewellery, could disrupt miningreduce the demand for its product and, transport operations, mineral processingconsequently, have an adverse impact on its production, financial condition and rehabilitation efforts, create resource or energy shortages or damage the company’s property or equipment and increase health and safety risks on site. Such events or conditions could have other adverse effects on the company’s workforce and on the communities around its mines, such as an increased risk of food insecurity, water scarcity and prevalence of disease, all of which could have a material adverse effect on the company’s results of operationsoperations.

Increasing scrutiny and financial condition.changing expectations from AngloGold Ashanti’s stakeholders, including communities, governments and NGOs as well as investors, lenders and other market participants, with respect to AngloGold Ashanti’s ESG performance and policies may impact AngloGold Ashanti’s reputation, result in additional costs to meet



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the expectations of stakeholders, hinder access to capital or expose AngloGold Ashanti to additional risks, including disinvestment and litigation.

Companies across all industries are facing increasing scrutiny related to ESG issues, including their internal ESG policies and governance practices. Investor advocacy groups, certain institutional investors, investment funds, lenders and other market participants are increasingly focused on ESG-related matters and in recent years have placed increasing importance on the environmental and social costs and impact of their investments. The increased focus and activism related to ESG and similar matters may hinder access to capital, as investors and lenders may decide to reallocate capital or to not commit capital as a result of their assessment of a company’s ESG practices. In addition, host communities, as well as certain governmental and non-governmental actors, are increasingly focused on a company’s ability to operate in a sustainable manner and to mitigate related risks, as well as the public commitments and quantitative metrics used to demonstrate performance and track progress. For AngloGold Ashanti, this includes, in particular, the safe operation of its mines, mitigating its impact to local environments and affected communities and reducing GHG emissions in line with the Company’s voluntary commitments. If AngloGold Ashanti’s performance fails to meet internal or adopted external ESG standards, or AngloGold Ashanti otherwise fails to satisfy stakeholder expectations with respect to its commitments and performance, regardless of whether there is a legal requirement to do so, such failure could result in reputational damage to and litigation against the Company and its business, financial condition, and/or stock price could be materially and adversely affected.

In particular, AngloGold Ashanti faces increasing pressures from stakeholders, who are increasingly focused on climate change, to prioritise energy efficiency in its operations, reduce its carbon footprint and improve water and other resource consumption, as well as to be transparent about how climate-related risks and opportunities are managed throughout the supply chain to foster and promote business resiliency, accountability and stakeholder value. AngloGold Ashanti has implemented numerous initiatives since 2008 to reduce its GHG emissions by installing new technology, such as heat pumps and underground cooling and water treatment systems, reducing power consumption and improving energy efficiency. AngloGold Ashanti has also made certain voluntary commitments to take future actions, including to achieve net zero Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions by 2050, to achieve a 30% absolute reduction in Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions by 2030 (as compared to a 2021 baseline), and, in partnership with value chain partners, to set Scope 3 GHG reduction targets, if not by the end of 2023, as soon as possible thereafter. AngloGold Ashanti continues to enhance its governance around climate-related risks and opportunities, including implementing the action plans of its Climate Change Strategy, which was approved by its board in November 2021. Nevertheless, AngloGold Ashanti may be required to implement even more stringent ESG practices or standards to meet the expectations of existing and future stakeholders and, if the Company fails to achieve these objectives or to adhere to internal or adopted external standards, or is perceived to be insufficiently committed to addressing ESG concerns across all of its operations and activities, the Company’s reputation and brand image could be damaged, it could lose the trust of its stakeholders (including governments, NGOs, investors, customers and employees) or be subject to litigation brought by those stakeholders, and its business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted.

AngloGold Ashanti’s inability to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting may have an adverse effect on investors’ confidence in the reliability of its financial statements.

Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the company’sAngloGold Ashanti’s financial statements for external purposes in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)(“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)(“IASB”). Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarised and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. These disclosure controls and procedures include without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the companyCompany in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’sCompany’s management, including its chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance with respect to the reliability of financial reporting and financial statement preparation. If AngloGold Ashanti is unable to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures, investors may lose confidence in the reliability of its financial statements and this may have an adverse impact on investors’ abilitiesability to make decisions about their investment in AngloGold Ashanti. See “Item 15: Controls and Procedures”.

Breaches in cybersecurity and violations of data protection laws may adversely impact or disrupt AngloGold Ashanti’s business.

AngloGold Ashanti maintains global information, digital technology (IT)(“DT”) and communication networks and applications to support its business activities. AngloGold Ashanti outsources several information technologiesdigital technology functions and applications to third-party vendors and these engagements may have an impact on the overall cybersecurity position of the company.Company. The primary company systems managed by third-party vendors include, but are not limited to, cloud infrastructure, data centre management, server/personal computing support, enterprise resource planning business applications, email and digital documents and the Cyber Security Operations Centre.

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AngloGold Ashanti must continuously monitor the solutions implemented to support its global informationdigital technology and communication networks and applications to maintain a suitable and well-managed environment. There can be no assurance that these efforts will always be successful.

The sophistication and magnitude of cybersecurity incidents are increasing and include malicious software, attempts to gain unauthorised access to data and other electronic security and protected information breaches that could lead to production downtimes, operational delays, safety incidents, the compromising of confidential or otherwise protected information, destruction or corruption of data, other manipulation or improper use of AngloGold Ashanti’s systems and networks or financial losses from remedial actions. For example, in late 2020, a threat to the company’sCompany’s computer systems was detected and neutralised within hours in connection with the SolarWinds supply chain compromise which affected over 18,000 companies. The systems affected were limited to network monitoring applications in Brazil which monitored certain technology systems across the local network. In addition, there was a notable increase in phishing campaigns linked to COVID-19 in the second half of 2020 which continued through the year.first half of 2021. A sharp increase in ransomware-related threats have also been recorded throughout the mining industry with several high-profile organisations experiencing disruptions.

InformationDigital technology security processes may not prevent future malicious actions, denial-of-service attacks, or fraud, which could result in the corruption of operating systems, theft of commercially sensitive data, misappropriation of funds and business and operational disruption. AngloGold Ashanti’s insurance program includes limited coverage for cyber-related crimes and incidents as part of the global insurance program, and material system breaches and failures could result in significant interruptions that could adversely affect AngloGold Ashanti’s operating results and reputation.

The interpretation and application of consumer and data protection laws in South Africa, the United States and elsewhere are evolving. It is possible that these laws may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent with AngloGold Ashanti’s data practices. Complying with these various laws is essential and could cause the companyCompany to incur substantial costs or require it to change its business practices in a manner adverse to its business.

For example, the penalties for failure to comply with the South African Protection of Personal Information Act, No. 4 of 2013 (POPIA)(“POPIA”) are severe and may include an administrative fine of up to R10 million or imprisonment of up to ten years. The European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)(“GDPR”) may lead to administrative fines of up to €20 million or four percent of a company’s total worldwide annual turnover of the preceding financial year, whichever is higher. Also, the GDPR has a scope that extends beyond the borders of the EU and does not only affect EU operations.

U.S. securities laws do not require AngloGold Ashanti to disclose as much information to investors as a U.S. issuer is required to disclose, and investors may receive less information about the companyCompany than they might otherwise receive from a comparable U.S. company.

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange that apply to “foreign private issuers”. The periodic disclosure required of foreign private issuers under applicable rules is more limited than the periodic disclosure required of U.S. issuers. Accordingly, there may be less publicly available information concerning the companyAngloGold Ashanti than there is for U.S. public companies. For example, in 2016, AngloGold Ashanti announced that it would no longer voluntarilyhas a half-yearly reporting cycle and does not publish reviewed financial statements and analyses of operating and financial results for the quarters ended 31 March and 30 September of each year. As a result of this transition to half-yearly reporting, investors will receive less information about AngloGold Ashanti than they had in years preceding that change. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti is not required to file periodic
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reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act)(the “Exchange Act”). As a result, investors will also receive less timely financial reports than they otherwise might receive from a comparable U.S. company or from certain of the company’sCompany’s peers in the industry. This may have an adverse impact on investors’ abilitiesability to make decisions about their investment in AngloGold Ashanti.



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ITEM 4: INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY


4A.    HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY

GROUP INFORMATION

AngloGold Limited was formed in June 1998 with the consolidation of the gold mining interests of Anglo American plc. AngloGold Ashanti Limited, as the companyCompany exists today, was formed on 26 April 2004 following the business combination between AngloGold Limited and Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited.

CURRENT PROFILE

AngloGold Ashanti Limited, a Company incorporated under the laws of the Republic of South Africa, is headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa. The companyCompany (Registration number 1944/017354/06) was incorporated in the Republic of South Africa in 1944 under the name of Vaal Reefs Exploration and Mining Company Limited and operates under the South African Companies Act, No. 71 of 2008, as amended (the “SA Companies Act)Act”).

The Company’s legal and commercial name is AngloGold Ashanti Limited. Its registered office is at 76 Rahima Moosa Street, Newtown,112 Oxford Road, Houghton Estate, Johannesburg, 2001,2198, South Africa. The general telephone number is +27 11 637 6000 and the internet address is
https://www.anglogoldashanti.com. No material on the AngloGold Ashanti website forms any part of, or is incorporated by reference into, this annual report on Form 20-F. References herein to the Company’s website shall not be deemed to cause such incorporation.

While AngloGold Ashanti’s primary listing is on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE), the companyCompany is also listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the Ghana Stock Exchange (GhSE) and the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). AngloGold Ashanti was approved for a secondary listing on A2X Markets (A2X) in South Africa and its shares were admitted to trading on A2X on 6 June 2022. AngloGold Ashanti’s issued share capital will be unaffected by the additional listing on A2X. Our agent for service of process in the United States is AngloGold Ashanti North America Inc., 4601 DTC Boulevard, Suite 550, Denver, CO 80237. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) maintains a public internet site that contains AngloGold Ashanti’s filings with the SEC and reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC (http://www.sec.gov).

HISTORY AND SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENTS

Below are highlights of key corporate activities from 1998:

1998
•Formation of AngloGold Limited through the consolidation of East Rand Gold and Uranium Company Limited; Eastvaal Gold Holdings Limited; Southvaal Holdings Limited; Free State Consolidated Gold Mines Limited; Elandsrand Gold Mining Company Limited; H.J. Joel Gold Mining Company Limited and Western Deep Levels Limited into a single, focused, independent gold mining company. Vaal Reefs Exploration and Mining Company Limited (Vaal Reefs), the vehicle for the consolidation, changed its name to AngloGold Limited and increased its authorised share capital, effective 30 March 1998.

1998-2004
•Expansion of AngloGold Limited’s operations outside of South Africa.

2004
•Conclusion of the business combination with Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited, at which time the companyCompany changed its name to AngloGold Ashanti Limited.

2007
•Sale by Anglo American plc of 69,100,000 ordinary shares of AngloGold Ashanti, thereby reducing Anglo American’s shareholding in AngloGold Ashanti from 41.7 percent to 16.6 percent.

2009
•Sale by Anglo American plc of its remaining shareholding in AngloGold Ashanti to Paulson & Co. Inc.

2010
•Elimination of AngloGold Ashanti’s hedge book, thereby gaining full exposure to spot gold prices.





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2012
•Acquisition of the remaining 50 percent interest in Serra Grande in Brazil for $215 million.
•Acquisition of 100 percent of First Uranium (Proprietary) Limited for $335 million.

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2013
•Commission of two new gold projects -— Tropicana and Kibali -— in the second half of 2013.

2015
•Sale of the Cripple Creek & Victor gold mine in theColorado, USA for $819 million.

2017
•South Africa region restructured -— TauTona mine placed on orderly closure. Negotiations of the sales of Moab Khotsong and Kopanang mines.

2018
•Completion of the sales of the Moab Khotsong and Kopanang mines in South Africa for $300 million and $9 million, respectively.

2019
•Announcement of a review of divestment options for assets in South Africa, Mali and Argentina.

2020
•Sale of the remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities to Harmony for $200 million plus deferred consideration based on future production at the Mponeng mine.
•Completion of the sales of the Sadiola and Morila mines in Mali for cash proceeds of $25 million and $1 million, respectively.

2021
•Announcement of offer to purchase Corvus Gold Inc. (“Corvus Gold”), in Nevada USA.

2022
•Acquisition of the remaining 80.5 percent interest in Corvus Gold, for a cash consideration of $365 million.
•Acquisition of 100 percent of Coeur Sterling, Inc. (“Coeur Sterling”), in Nevada, USA for a cash consideration of $152 million.

2023 YTD
•On 16 March 2023, AngloGold Ashanti and Gold Fields Limited (“Gold Fields”) announced that they have agreed the key terms of a proposed joint venture in Ghana between Gold Fields' Tarkwa and AngloGold Ashanti's neighbouring Iduapriem Mines.


CAPITAL EXPENDITURE AND DIVESTITURES

For information concerning the company’sCompany’s principal capital expenditures currently in progress, including the distribution of these investments geographically and the method of financing, refer to “Item“Item 4B: Business Overview—AngloGold Ashanti Global Operations: 2020”2022”, “Item 5A: Operating Results—Capital expenditure”Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022, 2021 and 2020” and “Item 5B: Liquidity and Capital Resources”.

For information concerning the company’sCompany’s divestitures, including the sale of the remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities announced on 12 February 2020 and completed on 30 September 2020, refer to “Item 5A:“Item 5: Operating Results—Discontinued operations”, “Item 18:and Financial Statements—Note 9—Discontinued operationsReview and assets and liabilities held for sale”Prospects—Overview”.




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4B.    BUSINESS OVERVIEW

AngloGold Ashanti Limited (AngloGold Ashanti) is an independent, global gold mining company with a diverse portfolio of operations, projects and exploration activities across nine countries on four continents. While gold is our principal product, we also produce silver (Argentina) and sulphuric acid (Brazil) as by-products. We are currently developing two projects in Colombia, including the Quebradona mine that is expected to produce both gold and copper, and continuing exploration activities in the United States. The Company is headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa. Measured by production, AngloGold Ashanti is the third largest gold mining company in the world.

PRODUCTS

AngloGold Ashanti’s main product is gold. Once mined, the gold ore is processed into doré (unrefined gold bars) on site and then dispatched to precious metals refineries for refining to a purity of at least 99.5%,99.5 percent, in accordance with the standards of ‘good delivery’ as determined by the London Bullion Market Association (LBMA). This refined gold is then sold directly to bullion banks.

By-products of our gold mining operations, often a function of local geological characteristics, include silver in Argentina and sulphuric acid in Brazil.

OPERATIONS

OurWe have developed a high-quality, well-diversified asset portfolio, of including production from ten operations in seven countries (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Ghana, Guinea, the DRC and threeTanzania) supported by greenfields projects in eight countries (excluding our South African assetsthe United States and Sadiola and Morila mines, which were sold during the year)Colombia along with a focused global exploration programme. Our portfolio comprises long-life, operating assets with differing ore body types, located in key gold-producing regions around the world.

Our operations and projects are grouped regionally as follows:
•South Africa (West Wits and Surface Operations), sold during 2020;
•Africa region (Democratic Republic of the Congo,(DRC, Ghana, Guinea and Tanzania and Mali - sold during 2020)ania);
•Americas (Argentina and Brazil, and projects in the United States and Colombia); and
•Australia (Australia).

Over the past few years, AngloGold Ashanti has increased efficiencies and competitiveness, focusing on safety and sustainability performance, improving margins, containing operating and overhead costs and generating positive cash flows and reducing its footprint in South Africa, in line with our strategic objectives.

Our organisational and management structure seeks to align with global best practice in corporate governance. Our human capital is deployed in group support functions including planning and technical, strategy, sustainability, finance, human resources, legal and stakeholder relations. The planning and technical functions focus on identifying and managing operational opportunities, maintaining long-term optionality, and the use of our intellectual capital through a range of activities that include brownfields and greenfields exploration as well as innovative research focused on mining excellence.

EXPLORATION

Our exploration programme is focused on creating significant value for the company'sCompany’s stakeholders by providing long-term optionality and improving the quality of our asset portfolio.

Greenfields and brownfields exploration takes place in both established and new gold-producing regions through managed and non-managed joint ventures,arrangements, strategic alliances and wholly-ownedwholly owned ground holdings. AngloGold Ashanti’s discoveries include La Colosa Gramalote and Quebradona (Nuevo Chaquiro) in Colombia.Colombia and Silicon, North Bullfrog, Mother Lode and Sterling in Nevada, USA.

GOLD MARKET AND JEWELLERY DEMAND

As the pandemic unfolded and uncertainty increased, investors’ risk averseness navigated them towards gold. This influx into the gold market drove the market spot gold price up 25 percent year-on-year from approximately $1,517/oz (at 1 January 2020) to approximately $1,896/oz (at 31 December 2020). As a result, market spot gold price volatility skyrocketed, recording the variance between the highest ($2,064/oz) and lowest ($1,469/oz) market spot gold prices during 2020 at 40 percent. 2020 also included a new all-time high for the market spot gold price. The average market spot gold price was recorded at $1,772 per ounce for the full year 2020.

According to the World Gold Council, (WGC), global2022 was the strongest year for gold demand in over a decade and saw an annual average market spot gold price of $1,802 per ounce. Demand for gold rose 18 percent to 4,741 tonnes in 2022, with a ten percent increase in investment demand grew 40which reached 1,107 tonnes and a two percent increase in demand for gold bars and coins to 1,217 tonnes. Demand for gold in technology saw a record annual highfull year decline of 1,773.2 tonnes. Global gold-backed ETFs holdings grewseven percent as deteriorating global economic conditions hampered demand for consumer electronics and jewellery consumption softened by 877.1 tonnes during 2020, reaching record year-end holdings of 3,751.5 tonnes. Bar and coin investment of 896.1 tonnes was three percent higher year-on-year, with consistent growth coming throughat 2,086 tonnes as the gold price surged in the second halffourth quarter of the year.2022.

OnCentral banks net purchasing in the other hand, higher gold prices and weak local currencies drove the domestic pricefourth quarter of gold to historical highs, negatively impacting the demand for jewellery. In addition, the restriction on social gatherings further exacerbated the decrease in the2022 was 417 tonnes with full year buying at 1,136 tonnes.

For more information, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Introduction”.

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demand for jewellery. Total annual jewellery demand dropped to 1,411.6 tonnes (34 percent lower year-on-year), the lowest in the recorded history of the WGC annual data series.

Official reserves showed a mixed picture of buying and selling during 2020. In total, central banks added 273 tonnes to their reserves during the year, making 2020 the eleventh consecutive year of net buying. However, this was almost 60 percent lower than the multi-decade record of 668 tonnes added in 2019. Total supply fell in 2020 by four percent year-on-year to 4,633.1 tonnes, the largest annual decline since 2013. The drop was primarily due to disruptions caused by the pandemic. Mine production decreased by four percent year-on-year, while the global hedge book fell by 65.1 tonnes in 2020, more than reversing the small increase in hedging seen in 2019. Lockdown restrictions also impeded consumers’ ability to re-sell and the supply of recycled gold grew by only one percent despite record gold prices in every market. Nevertheless, the amount of recycled gold in 2020 (1,297.4 tonnes) marks the highest amount of recycling since 2012 (1,645.1 tonnes).

COMPETITION

As gold mining is a mature and regulated industry, and very significant volumes of gold and gold derivatives trade in the world markets independent of gold mine supply, AngloGold Ashanti does not consider that competition for sales plays any role in its operations as a gold producer. For more information on a geographical analysis of gold income by destination, refer to “Item“Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”.

However, gold producers do compete against each other for acquisition of mining assets, exploration opportunities and human resources. See “Item“Item 3D: Risk Factors—Mining companies faceAngloGold Ashanti faces strong competition and industry consolidation”.

SEASONALITY

Subject to other factors and unforeseen circumstances, in the first quarter production is generally lower than production during the rest of the year as a result of the ramp-up of operations after annual holiday production declines.

RAW MATERIALS

AngloGold Ashanti uses chemicals, including cyanide and lime, in the production of gold. These chemicals are available from a large number of suppliers and do not represent a material portion of the company’sCompany’s costs. We are not currently experiencing any supply shortages on critical consumables utilised in the production of gold across our global operations. In addition, our stocking strategies account for potential lead time variation and supply constraints, thus minimising the risk of changes in the marketplace. While commodity pricing is subject to volatility over time, we are currently realising stable pricing, and our contractual terms limit future changes. However the war in Ukraine has led to a sharp increase in oil and energy prices, which are important costs for the Company's business. In 2022, prices for several hard and soft commodities had reached their highest levels in a decade or more, or in some cases had set records. The higher cost for basic commodities used in our host countries and communities, and as key production inputs, could impact the costs of our raw materials.

STRATEGY

Mining is a long-term business, and soThe overall aim of our strategy aims to create sustained value over the period of our mining operations and beyond. This involves careful allocation of key resource inputs – the natural, human, intellectual, financial, manufactured, and social and relationship capitals – which are essential to achieving this aim.

AngloGold Ashanti’s core strategic focus is to generate sustainable cash flow improvements and returns by focusing onover the longer term and, in so doing, to create and preserve value for all our stakeholders.

We have five key areas, namely: people, safety and sustainability; ensuring financial flexibility; actively managing all expenditures; improving the quality of our portfolio; and maintaining long-term optionality. These strategic focus areas which enable us to deliver on our overall strategy which is to create value. They guide decision-making and are aimed at generating increased cash flows; extending mine lives; creating an organic pipeline of economically viable orebodies; and enhancing our social licence to operate. The overall aim is creating and preserving value.

Strategic focus areas
AngloGold Ashanti’s five strategic focus areas are set out below:
•Focus onPrioritise people, safety, health, environment and sustainabilitycommunities. People areThis strategic focus area embodies our corporate ethos and encompasses our sustainability performance. It underpins our business strategy and the foundationdelivery of our business. To remain sustainable in the long term, we must livesustained, long-term value creation and is aligned with our values in the conduct ofand responsibilities as a corporate citizen. This strategic focus area covers our business. This encompasses being accountable for our actionsemployees, their safety, health and decisions, and respecting all, including employees,wellbeing, communities and the environment. ESG principles are integrated into every aspect of our business.
•PromoteMaintain financial flexibility. We must ensure our balance sheet always remainsis able to meet our core funding needs.
•Optimise overhead costs and capital expenditure. All spending decisions must be thoroughly scrutinised to ensure they are optimally structured and necessary to fulfil our core business objective.objectives.
•Improve portfolio quality. AngloGold Ashanti builds on its portfolio quality through projects such as our FP programme to ensure optimal mine performance. We have a portfolio of assets that must be actively managed to improveare flexible in delivering on our mine plans, allowing for the overall mix ofbest results, as we progress our projects and replace our production base as we strive forwith a competitive valuation as a business.growing Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource base.
•Maintain long-term optionality. While we areAs part of focused on ensuring the most efficient day-to-day operationand responsible management of our Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve, our exploration programme and related planning is vital in optimising the operating lives of our portfolio. Through continued exploration and the acquisition of properties that are a good fit with our business and offer reserve potential, we must keep an eye on creating a competitive pipelineadd to the long-term sustainability of long-term opportunities.AngloGold Ashanti.


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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

AngloGold Ashanti, as a group, is not dependent on intellectual property (including patents or licences), industrial, commercial or financial contracts (including contracts with customers or suppliers) or new manufacturing processes for the conduct of its business as a whole.





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THE REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT ENABLING ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI TO MINE

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights to own and exploit Oredevelop Mineral Reserve and deposits are governed by the laws and regulations of the jurisdictions in which these mineral properties lie.are located.

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to a wide range of laws and regulations governing all aspects of its operations, including such areas aswith respect to environmental protection, reclamation, exploration, development, production, taxes, immigration, labour standards and employment issues, occupational health, mine safety, dam safety, toxic substances and wastes, securities and foreign corrupt practices. AngloGold Ashanti has made, and expects to make in the future, significant expenditures to comply with these laws and regulations. Non-compliance can result in violations and legal claims, as well as substantial fines, penalties, reputational damage and delays in or suspension of day-to-day operations. Pending or proposed changes to existing laws and regulations, as well as any proposed or contemplated new laws or regulations, could also have significant impacts on AngloGold Ashanti’s business and results of operations, the extent of which cannot always be predicted.

There are in some cases certain restrictions on AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to independently move assets out of certain countries in which it has operations, or transfer assets within the group,Group, without the prior consent of the local government or minority shareholders involved. See “Item“Item 10D: Exchange controls” for details.

For more information on the risks and uncertainties associated with AngloGold Ashanti’s mining rights, see “Item“Item 3D: Risk factors”Factors”, in particular the risk factors entitled “AngloGold Ashanti’s mining rights in the countries in which it operates could be altered, suspended or cancelled for a variety of reasons, including breaches in its obligations in respect of such mining rights”, “Failure to comply with laws, regulations, standards and contractual obligations, breaches in governance processes or fraud, bribery and corruption may lead to regulatory penalties, loss of licences or permits, negative effects on AngloGold Ashanti’s reported financial results, and adversely affect its reputation”, “Title to AngloGold Ashanti’s properties may be uncertain and subject to challenge”, “AngloGold Ashanti’s mineral deposits, OreMineral Reserve, and mining operations are located in countries where political, tax and economic laws and policies may change rapidly and unpredictably and such changes and policies may adversely affect both the terms of its mining concessions, as well as its ability to conduct operations in certain countries” and “AngloGold Ashanti’s OreMineral Reserve, deposits and mining operations are located in countries that face instability and security risks that may adversely affect both the terms of its mining concessions, as well as its ability to conduct operations in certain countries”.


SOUTH AFRICA

As part of the South African asset sale, AngloGold Ashanti Limited sold its remaining three mining rights in South Africa to Golden Core Trade and Invest (Pty) Ltd (Golden Core)(“Golden Core”) and Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited pursuant to a sale agreement concluded on or about 12 February 2020, as amended and reinstated from time to time (SA(the “SA Sale Agreement)Agreement”). These mining rights relate to operations in the West Wits area. For further information on the South African asset sale, see “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 9—Discontinued operations and assets and liabilities held for sale—South African asset sale”.

PursuantGeneral laws relating to the SA Sale Agreement, AngloGold Ashanti and Golden Core executed a notarial deed of cession of the mining rights with DMRE references GP 30/5/1/2/2/01 MR and GP 30/5/1/2/2/248 MR to transfer and cede these mining rights to Golden Core (Deed of Cession).

The Deed of Cession has been lodged for registration at the Mineral and Petroleum Titles Registration Office (MPTRO) to transfer such mining rights from AngloGold Ashanti to Golden Core. While the registration of the Deed of Cession is still pending, the risk in, benefit of, and ownership of these mining rights between the parties shall be deemed to have passed to the cessionary on 30 September 2020, the date of the notarial execution of the Deed of Cession, pursuant to clause 2 of the Deed of Cession.MPRDA

With respect to the mining right held under DMRE reference GP 30/5/1/2/2/11 MR, AngloGold Ashanti and Golden Core agreed to make an application in terms of section 102 of theThe Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, No. 28 of 2002 (MPRDA) at the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (DMRE) after the closing date of the SA Sale Agreement requesting, among other matters, the incorporation of this mining right into the mining right with DMRE reference GP 30/5/1/2/2/01 MR (Harmony Consolidation Application). AngloGold Ashanti also executed a notarial conditional deed of abandonment pursuant to which it conditionally abandons this mining right in terms of section 56(f) of the MPRDA (Deed of Abandonment) on condition that ministerial consent is granted in respect of the Harmony Consolidation Application.
On the date of registration of the Deed of Cession and the grant of the Harmony Consolidation Application, AngloGold Ashanti will cease to be a holder of mining rights in South Africa. Once the transaction has been fully implemented, the general laws relating to mining outlined below will no longer be applicable to the company.

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General laws relating to mining

The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act

Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, Amendment Act and Regulations

The MPRDA(the “MPRDA”) came into effect on 1 May 2004. The objectives of the MPRDA are, amongst other things, to allow for state sovereignty over all mineral and petroleum resources in the country, to promote economic growth and the development of these resources and to expand opportunities for the historically disadvantaged. Another objective of the MPRDA isdisadvantaged and to ensure security of tenure for the respective operations concerning prospecting, exploration, mining and production. By virtue of the provisions of the MPRDA, the state ensures that holders of mining and prospecting rights contribute to the socioeconomic development of the areas in which they operate. The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Amendment Act, No. 49 of 2008 (MPRDAA) was passed by the South African Parliament in 2008 and(the “MPRDAA”) became effective on 7 June 2013. On 23 April 2004, the Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy (MRE Minister)(the “MRE Minister”) published, under the terms of the MPRDA, the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Regulations in Government Gazette No. 26275 under GNR. 527 (MPRDA Regulations) in order to implement the provisions of the MPRDA and MPRDAA. OnThese implementation regulations were amended on 27 March 2020, the MRE Minister published the Amendments to the MPRDA Regulations for Implementation (Revised MPRDA Regulations) in Government Gazette No. 43172 under GNR. 420.2020.

The Mining Chartermining charter

Mining Charter,Since 2004,

The Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for a series of mining charters have been adopted in South Africa with the South African Mining Industry, 2004 (Mining Charter, 2004) was published in August 2004. The Mining Charter, 2004 was developed in termsmain purpose of section 100(2)(a)transferring part of the MPRDA and took effect on 1 May 2004. The Mining Charter, 2004 committed all stakeholders in the mining industry to transfer ownership of 26 percent of theirmining assets to black or historically disadvantaged South Africans (HDSAs)(“HDSAs”) within 10 years. The Mining Charter, 2004a certain time period. Such mining charters also set targets for, amongst other things, the advancement of HDSAs into management positions, the employment of women, procurement of goods and services from HDSA-owned companies, training, community development and the upgrading of mine housing. Mining companies are required to formulate plans to achieve the aforementioned targets, identify current levels of beneficiation and indicate opportunities for growth.

Mining Charter, 2010

Following a reviewof the progress made in the transformation of the mining industry against the Mining Charter,In 2004, objectives, the DMRE amended the Mining Charter, 2004. The Amendment of the Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the South African Mining and Minerals Industry, 2010 (Mining Charter, 2010)2004 was published on 20 September 2010. The Mining Charter, 2010 retained the requirement to achieve a 26 percent HDSA ownership of mining assets by the year 2014, initially introduced under the Mining Charter, 2004.

Mining Charter, 2017

On 15 June 2017, the MRE Minister gazetted the Broad-Based Black Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the South African Mining and, Minerals Industry, 2017 (Mining Charter, 2017), which came into effect on the same day. The Mining Charter, 2017 sought to align the Mining Charter, 2010 with the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act, No. 53 of 2003, in order to ensure meaningful participation of black people in the mining industry and to provide for policy and regulatory certainty to ease the investment in and development of the mining industry. The Minerals Council launched an urgent application at the High Court of South Africa (Gauteng Division) to interdict the implementation of the Mining Charter, 2017 and set it aside. The MRE Minister undertook to suspend the Mining Charter, 2017 pending the outcome of the DMRE/Minerals Council application. On 4 April 2018, judgement was handed down by the High Court and on 12 August 2020, the Minerals Council released a media statement indicating that the MRE Minister had withdrawn the notice of appeal to the Supreme Court of Appeal. Notwithstanding the repeal of the Mining Charter, 2017 by the adoption of the Mining Charter, 2018 (defined below), the findings of the High Court judgement remain relevant to mining right holders.

Mining Charter, 2018

On 27 September 2018, the Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the Mining and Minerals Industry, 2018 (Mining Charter, 2018)(the “2018 Mining Charter”) was published, and became effective on the same date. The Mining Charter, 2018 repeals the Mining Charter, 2004; the Mining Charter, 2010; and the Mining Charter, 2017. The Mining Charter, 2018 stipulates that it is to be read together with implementation guidelines, gazetted on 19 December 2018. On 26 March 2019, the Minerals Council filed an application for judicial review to set aside certain provisions of the Mining Charter, 2018. On 5 May 2020,repealing all prior mining charters. In September 2021, the High Court of South Africa (Gauteng Division) heard the application for judicial review. On 30 June 2020, the High Court held that certain affected communities and trade unions that were party to the legal proceedings relating to the2018 Mining Charter 2017 should be joined to this review application in respectis a policy document and does not, per se, bind holders of the Mining Charter, 2018 as respondents.mining titles. The High Court has not yet decided on the merits of this review application. A key provisionalso set aside various provisions of the 2018 Mining Charter, 2018 is that existing mining right holders who have achieved the 26 percent HDSA ownership target shall be recognized as compliant for the duration of the mining right. However, the “the once empowered always empowered” principle shall not be applicable on the transfer or renewal of the mining right.Charter. In November
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2021, the South African Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (“DMRE”) informed the parliamentary portfolio committee on mineral resources and energy that it does not intend to appeal the outcome of the judgement, but instead will consider steps to achieve the empowerment objectives through legislative amendments to the MPRDA.

The BBBEEB-BBEE Act

The Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act, No. 53 of 2003 (BBBEE Act)(the “B-BBEE Act”) is a law of general application in respect of Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (BBBEE)(“B-BBEE”) and enables the Minister of Trade and Industryto drive BBBEEB-BBEE across all sectors of the economy. On 23 JanuaryIn 2014, the President of South Africa assented to the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Amendment Act, No. 46 of 2013 (BBBEE(the “B-BBEE Amendment Act). The BBBEE Amendment ActAct”) came into effect on 24 October 2014 with the object of amending the BBBEEB-BBEE Act to provide a framework of principles, strategies and guidelines aimed at promoting the broad-based socio-economic empowerment of HDSAs across the South African economy and society in the form of ownership, management, employment equity, skills development, preferential procurement, enterprise development and socio-economic development.

Land Expropriation

Constitutional Amendment Bill

On 27 February 2018, the National Assembly resolved to assign the Constitutional Review Committee (CRC) to review section 25 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Constitution) and other clauses where necessary to allow the state to expropriate land in the public interest without compensation. This resolution follows the African National Congress’s (ANC) resolution at its elective conference in December 2017 to pursue expropriation of land without compensation in a manner that does not destabilise the agricultural sector, endanger food security or undermine economic growth and job creation. In its report dated 15 November 2018, which was adopted by Parliament on 4 December 2018, the CRC recommended that section 25 of the Constitution be amended to make explicit that expropriation of land without compensation is a legitimate option for land reform. As a result, the draft Constitution Eighteenth Amendment Bill, 2019 (Constitutional Amendment Bill) was published for public comment on 6 December 2019. The Constitutional Amendment Bill proposes that, when land and any improvements thereon are expropriated for the purposes of land reform, the amount of compensation payable may be nil. The Constitutional Amendment Bill does not specify the circumstances in which a court may determine that the amount of compensation is nil, but states that national legislation must set out such circumstances. On 10 December 2019, the Constitutional Amendment Bill was referred to the National House of Traditional Leaders for comment by the end of January 2020. Provincial public hearings on the Constitutional Amendment Bill were held in February and March 2020. During May 2020, the Ad Hoc Committee to Amend Section 25 of the Constitution (Committee) met to discuss the extension of the mandate of the Committee, which would have lapsed at the end of May 2020. The Committee agreed that it should request an extension of its mandate until such time as gatherings are permitted, as the Committee had not completed its public hearings due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Committee was re-established, pursuant to this request, on 30 June 2020. In order for the Constitutional Amendment Bill to be adopted by the South African Parliament, two-thirds of the members of the National Assembly, the lower house, and at least six out of the nine provinces of the National Council of Provinces, the upper house, must vote in favour of the amendment.


Draft Expropriation Bill

Separately, a draft expropriation bill (Expropriation Bill) was published for public comment on 21 December 2018. The Expropriation Bill was introduced in the National Assembly during October 2020 as the Expropriation Bill, 2020. The Expropriation Bill contains a provision to the effect that it may be just and equitable for nil compensation to be paid where land is expropriated in the public interest, having regard to all relevant circumstances, including if (i) the land is not being used and the owner’s main purpose is not to develop the land or use it to generate income, but to benefit from appreciation of its market value; (ii) an organ of state holds land that it is not using for its core functions and is not reasonably likely to require the land for its future activities in that regard, and the organ of state acquired the land for no consideration; (iii) notwithstanding registration of ownership in terms of the Deeds Registries Act, No. 47 of 1937, an owner has abandoned the land by failing to exercise control over it;(iv) the market value of the land is equivalent to, or less than, the present value of direct state investment or subsidy in the acquisition and beneficial capital improvement of the land; or (v) the nature or condition of the property poses a health, safety or physical risk to persons or other property. Public hearings on the Expropriation Bill have not yet been held.


Environmental laws relating to mining

National Environmental Management Act

The MPRDAA repealed the sections in the MPRDA providing for environmental regulation of mining and prospecting operations. This was the first step in migrating environmental regulation provisions from the MPRDA into National Environmental Management Act, No. 107 of 1998, (NEMA). NEMA was thenas amended by the National Environmental Management Amendment Act, No. 62 of 2008 and then again by the National Environmental Management Laws Amendment Act, No. 25 of 2014, and now(the “NEMA”) includes provisions to deal with environmental regulation of mining and prospecting, which provisions are administered by the MRE Minister. Pursuant to section 24N(8) of NEMA, directors of a company are jointly and severally liable for any negative impact on the environment, whether advertently or inadvertently caused by the company they represent, including damage, degradation and pollution. See also “Item 4B: Business Overview—Mine Site Rehabilitation and Closure” and “Item 4B: Business Overview—Environmental, Health and Safety Matters”.

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From an environmental perspective, given the wide scope of the statutory duty of care in South African environmental law, erstwhile land owners may be held liable for historic contamination by the regulatory authorities. The duty of care primarily applies to persons responsible for or in control of the activity that caused the pollution, which includes erstwhile landowners and operators. The “polluter pays” principle in South Africa enables the competent authority to seek recourse against various responsible parties based on their historical or current relationship to the source and receptor of degradation or pollution. The duty of care also applies retrospectively to significant pollution or degradation that occurred before the entry into force of NEMA (i.e., 29 January 1999), as well as significant pollution or degradation that arises or is likely to arise at a different time from the actual activity that caused the contamination (e.g., latent or residual impact) or arises through an act or activity of a person that exacerbates pre-existing contamination. The authorities can also seek compensation in respect of clean-up measures that it is required to take on behalf of the responsible parties and apportion liability amongst the responsible parties, which could technically include a historic landowner or mining company that caused the pollution. Although the purchasers of AngloGold Ashanti’s assets in South Africa have contractually assumed all environmental liability associated with its former South African operations and agreed to indemnify AngloGold Ashanti for the same, there remains a risk, at least theoretically, of statutory liability to the state.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

Pursuant to the SA Sale Agreement, AngloGold Ashanti and Golden Core executed a notarial deed of cession of the mining rights with DMRE references GP 30/5/1/2/2/01 MR and GP 30/5/1/2/2/248 MR to transfer and cede these mining rights to Golden Core (the “Deed of Cession”). On 14 June 2021, the Deed of Cession was registered at the Mineral and Petroleum Titles Registration Office (the “MPTRO”).

With respect to the mining right held under DMRE reference GP 30/5/1/2/2/11 MR, AngloGold Ashanti and Golden Core agreed to make an application in terms of section 102 of the MPRDA at the DMRE after the closing date of the SA Sale Agreement requesting, among other matters, the incorporation of this mining right into the mining right with DMRE reference GP 30/5/1/2/2/01 MR (the “Harmony Consolidation Application”). AngloGold Ashanti also executed a notarial conditional deed of abandonment pursuant to which it conditionally abandons this mining right in terms of section 56(f) of the MPRDA (the “Deed of Abandonment”) on condition that ministerial consent is granted in respect of the Harmony Consolidation Application. The Harmony Consolidation Application, which was submitted to the DMRE on 17 January 2022, is still pending. On the date of the grant of the Harmony Consolidation Application, AngloGold Ashanti will cease to be a holder of any mining rights in South Africa. Once the transaction has been fully implemented, the general laws relating to mining outlined above will no longer be applicable to the Company, other than the statutory duty of care in terms of NEMA as described above.


AFRICA REGION

Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

General laws relating to mining

The mining industry in the DRC is primarily regulated by Law No. 007/2002 dated 11 July 2002 (2002(the “2002 DRC Code)Code”), as amended and supplemented by Law No. 18/001 dated 29 January9 March 2018 (Reformed(the “Reformed DRC Mining Code)Code”) and Decree No. 038/2003 dated 26 March 2003, as amended and supplemented by Decree No. 18/024 dated 8 June 2018 (Reformed(the “Reformed DRC Mining Regulations)Regulations”).

As regards



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With respect to the application of the Reformed DRC Mining Code and Reformed DRC Mining Regulations, Kibali Goldmines S.A. (Kibali)(“Kibali Goldmines”) has reserved and continues reserving its rights, including, without limitation, its stability rights under, among other legal sources, the 2002 DRC Code. Discussions with the DRC government on these issues and the possible application of incentives that may be available under the Reformed DRC Mining Code and Reformed DRC Mining Regulations, in particular under article 220 of the Reformed DRC Mining Code which provides that the Prime Minister of the DRC may grant a number of incentives to provinces with infrastructure deficits to encourage economic development from mining resources, are ongoing.

Companies holding mining titles issued prior to the entry into force of the Reformed DRC Mining Code and Reformed DRC Mining Regulations have claims to a 10-yearten-year stability provision in accordance with prior mining legislation. Notwithstanding the adoption of the new regulatory regime, their rights with respect to such stability provision are reserved.

The Reformed DRC Mining Code grants the DRC Minister of Mines the authority to grant, refuse, suspend or terminate mineral rights, subject to conditions set out in the Reformed DRC Mining Code. Mineral rights may be granted in the form of exploration permits for an initial period of five years renewable once for a further five-year period or in the form of miningexploitation permits which are granted for an initial period of 25 years. Anyears, renewable several times for 15-year periods until the end of the mine’s life. Prior to commencing exploration work, the holder of an exploration permit may, at any time before expiry, be transformed partially intomust submit for approval a mining permit or a small-scale mining permit. Miningmitigation and rehabilitation plan pursuant to which it must undertake to carry out certain mitigation measures of the impact of its activities on the environment, as well as rehabilitation measures. Exploitation permits are granted upon successful completion of exploration and satisfaction of certain requirements, including approval of a feasibility study, an environmental and social impact study and an environmental and social management plan. To protect and enforce rights acquired under an exploration or mining permit, the Reformed DRC Mining Code provides, depending on the nature of a dispute or threat, administrative, judicial and national or international arbitral recourses.

The holder of a miningan exploitation permit is required to commence development and mine construction within three years of the awardgrant of such permit. Failure to do so may lead to forfeiture of the miningexploitation permit. ATo protect and enforce rights acquired under an exploration or exploitation permit, holder must comply with specific rules relating to, amongst other things, protectionthe Reformed DRC Mining Code provides, depending on the nature of the environment, cultural heritage, healthdispute or controversy, administrative, judicial and safety, construction and infrastructure planning. Mining and exploration activities are required to be undertaken in a way that minimizes the impact on the interests of lawful occupants of land and surface rights holders, including their customary rights. The exercise of mineral rights by title holders which effectively deprivesnational or interferes with the rights of occupants and surface rights holders requires payment of fair compensation by the mineral title holder.international arbitral recourses.

Mining companies are required to grant a free-carried and non-contributory participation to the DRC government. The DRC government’s free participation was originally set at 5five percent, which was increased to 10ten percent in respect of mining titlesexploitation permits issued after the entry into force of the Reformed DRC Mining Code. All mining companies are required to grant an additional 5five percent free-carried participation to the DRC government upon each renewal of their exploitation permit. Under the Reformed DRC Mining Code, a 10ten percent local contributory participation is also mandatory for mining titlesexploitation permits issued after its entry into force.
Article 220 of the Reformed DRC Mining Code provides that the Prime Minister of the DRC may grant a number of incentives to provinces suffering from infrastructures deficits to encourage economic development from mining resources. Discussions are currently ongoing with the DRC government with respect to incentives that may be available under article 220 of the Reformed DRC Mining Code.


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Tax laws relating to mining

The Reformed DRC Mining Code sets out an exclusive and comprehensive tax and customs regime that is applicable to mining activities. Mining title holders are subject, amongst other things, to a corporate income tax of 30 percent, a windfall tax of 50 percent (subject to certain prerequisites) and are required to pay mining royalties to the DRC government. The royalty rate applicable to gold has been set at 3.5 percent. Mining title holders are also required to contribute a minimum of 0.3 percent of total turnover to community development.

The standard rate of VAT is 16 percent and is applicable to all mining companies. In the DRC, Kibali Goldmines is due certain refunds of VAT which, to date, remain outstanding. During 2020,2022, AngloGold Ashanti recovered $2.23 million in the form ofdid not recover any VAT offsets and refunds from its operations in the DRC. We believe that our attributable share of the net recoverable VAT balance (including recoverable fuel duty and after discounting provisions) owed to us by the DRC government amounted to $69$86 million as of 31 December 2020.2022. While an agreement was reached with the DRC government on the reimbursement of the refundable VAT in the last quarter of 2018, uncertainty remains regarding the timing and level of cash receipts and offsets against other taxes for purposes of the recovery of our VAT receivables in the DRC.

The Reformed DRC Mining Code also provides for a level of fiscal stability. A stability clause stipulates that existing tax, customs and exchange control provisions applicable to mining activities are guaranteed to remain unchanged for a period of five years from the enactment of the Reformed DRC Mining Code.

On 18 July 2012, the Convention between the government of the Republic of South Africa and the government of the DRC for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income (Convention) came into effect. The Convention is applicable to (i) withholding taxes on amounts paid or credited on or after 1 January 2013; and (ii) other income taxes, levied in respect of taxable periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013. The Convention reduces the withholding tax on dividends paid by companies resident in the DRC to companies resident in South Africa from 20 percent to 5 percent and on interest paid by companies resident in the DRC to companies resident in South Africa from 20 percent to 10 percent. A South African company must own at least 25 percent of a relevant DRC entity’s outstanding shares in order to take advantage of the reduced rates.

Foreign exchange control regime

The Reformed DRC Mining Code imposed new exchange control rules requiring that mining title holders repatriate onshore 60 percent of sale revenues received during the investment amortizationamortisation period and 100 percent once the investment amortizationamortisation is completed. As a result of these new rules, we were not able to fully repatriate dividends from our DRC operations to date.

During 2020,2022, AngloGold Ashanti repatriated $140$694 million from its operations in the DRC, in the form of dividends received from Kibali (Jersey) Limited. Kibali (Jersey) Limited received such cash from Kibali Goldmines in the form of loan repayments (net of bank fees) (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $658 million) and dividends (net of withholding taxes) (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $36 million). Our attributable share of the outstanding cash balances awaiting repatriation from the DRC amounted to $424$40 million as of 31 December 2020. Our joint venture partner, Barrick Gold Corporation, which operates2022. The cash is fully available for the operational requirements of Kibali gold mine, continuesGoldmines. The cash and cash equivalents held at Kibali Goldmines are subject to engage withvarious steps before they can be distributed to Kibali (Jersey) Limited and are held across four banks in the DRC, government regarding the Reformed DRC Mining Code and the cash repatriation.including two domestic banks.



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AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

AngloGold Ashanti holds a significant stake in the Kibali gold mine which is located in the north-eastern part of the DRC. The Kibali gold mine is owned by Kibali Goldmines S.A. (Kibali) which is a joint venture between Barrick Gold Corporation (45 percent), AngloGold Ashanti (45 percent) and Société Minière de Kilo-Moto S.A. (SOKIMO)(“SOKIMO”) (10 percent) which represents the interest of the DRC government. AngloGold Ashanti and Barrick Gold Corporation each have a 50 percent interest in Kibali (Jersey) Limited which holds our effective 45%their respective 45 percent interest in Kibali. The Kibali gold mine is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation.Goldmines.

The Kibali gold project is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation and comprises ten exploitation permits, of which seveneight expire in 2029 and threetwo in 2030. Those exploitation permits (11447, 11467, 11468, 11469, 11470, 11471, 11472, 5052, 5073, and 5088) cover an area of approximately 1,836 km2in the Moto goldfields.

Ghana

General laws relating to mining

Control of minerals and mining companies

The Constitution of Ghana as well as the Minerals and Mining Act, 2006 (Act 703) (GMM Act)(the “GMM Act”) provide that all minerals in Ghana in their natural state are the property of the State and title to them is vested in the President on behalf of and in trust for the people of Ghana, with rights of reconnaissance, prospecting, recovery and associated land usage being granted under licence or lease.

The grant of a mining lease by the Ghana Minister of Lands and Natural Resources (LNR Minister)(the “LNR Minister”) upon the advice of the Minerals Commission is subject to parliamentary ratification unless the mining lease falls into a class of transactions exempted by the Ghanaian Parliament.

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The LNR Minister has the power to object to a person becoming or remaining a controller of a company which has been granted a mining lease if the LNR Minister believes, on reasonable grounds, that the public interest would be prejudiced by the person concerned becoming, or remaining, such a controller.

Except as otherwise provided in a specific mining lease, all immovable assets of the holder of a mining lease vest in the State upon termination, as does all moveable property that is fully depreciated for tax purposes. Moveable property that is not fully depreciated is to be offered to the State at the depreciated cost. A holder must exercise his rights subject to such limitations relating to surface rights as the LNR Minister may prescribe.

In 2019, Parliament passed the State Interests and Governance Authority Act, 2019 (Act 990) establishing the State Interests and Governance Authority (SIGA). The functions of SIGA include the oversight and administration of the State’s interests in state-owned enterprises, joint venture companies and other entities in which the State has an interest. This applies to mining companies on account of the Government’s mandatory free-carried equity interest in mining companies as provided for under the GMM Act. However, the Government of Ghana does not have a free-carried interest in any of AngloGold Ashanti’s mines in Ghana.

Stability and development agreements

The GMM Act provides for stability and development agreements. Stability agreements asguarantee for a mechanism to guaranteeperiod of 15 years certain terms and conditions mainly fiscal,(mainly fiscal) to which a company’s operations are subject for a period of 15 years. Stabilitysubject. Development agreements are subject to ratification by Parliament. A development agreement, as provided for by the GMM Act, may be made availablegranted to a mineral right holder with a proposed investment exceeding USD 500 million.that proposes to invest over $500 million in its mineral operations in Ghana. The GMM Act also provides that the terms of apermits stability provisions to be incorporated into development agreement may contain stability terms as provided for in stability agreements. AStability and development agreement isagreements are subject to parliamentary ratification.

In January 2020, the Minerals Commissionit was proposed certain amendments tothat the GMM Act including, among other measures, the abolishment ofbe amended by abolishing development agreements and shortening the shorteningmaximum term of stability agreements from a period not exceeding 15 years to a period of five years (with a possible extension of anotherfor a further five years). The Minerals Commission is currently engaging with stakeholders on If the GMM Act were amended along these proposed amendments. Following this engagement, the Minerals Commission may present the proposedlines, such amendments to the LNR Minister who can then decide to submit a draft bill to Parliament. If such bill were to be adopted by Parliament, it would not apply retroactively. As a result, the proposed amendments willretroactively and would therefore not have an impact on existing development agreements, including the Obuasi Development Agreement (as described below). Those amendments to the GMM Act have not yet been adopted.

Ghana Stability Agreement

In 2004, AngloGold Limited and the Government of Ghana signed a stability agreement (Ghana Stability Agreement) governing certain aspects of the fiscal and regulatory framework under which the company would operate in Ghana for a period of 15 years following the implementation of the business combination between AngloGold Limited and Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited. Under the Ghana Stability Agreement,Limited, AngloGold Limited and the Government of Ghana agreed, among other matters, to extend the termsigned a stability agreement (the “Ghana Stability Agreement”) governing certain aspects of the mining lease relating tofiscal and regulatory framework within which the Obuasi mine until 2054 on terms existing prior to the business combination.

company would operate in Ghana for a period of 15 years. In June 2018, the Ghana Stability Agreement ceased to apply to the Obuasi mine as a resultbecause of the parliamentary ratification of a new development agreement and a new tax concession agreement in relation to thethat mine (as described below). However, the
The Ghana Stability Agreement continued to apply to the Iduapriem mine until it expired in April 2019. Since then, AngloGold Ashanti (Iduapriem) Limited (AGA Iduapriem)(“AGA Iduapriem”) no longer benefits from the Ghana Stability Agreement. Relevant engagements are currently ongoing between AGA Iduapriem benefits from certain concessions under two deeds of warranty, including exemptions from withholding taxes on dividends, interest and the Minerals Commission to obtain a new agreementpayments for the Iduapriem mine.foreign services, and allowable deductions.

Obuasi Development Agreement

AngloGold Ashanti (Ghana) Limited (AGA Ghana)(“AGA Ghana”) negotiated a new development agreement in relation to the Obuasi mine (Obuasi DA)(the “Obuasi DA”) with the Government of Ghana. On 21 June 2018, the Ghanaian Parliament ratified the Obuasi DA which contains stability terms as provided for in stability agreements.

The Obuasi DA confers the followinga number of rights and obligations on AGA Ghana with respect to the Obuasi mine:
•Stabilizationmine, including, among other matters, (i) the stabilisation of the fiscal and regulatory framework (except for enactments promoting the use of Ghanaian goods and services) for a period of 10ten years with(with a potential of it being extended for five years;
•Confirmation of accounting currency to be US dollars;
•Rightyears); (ii) the right to hold up to 80 percent of proceeds received from exporting minerals in foreign currencies outside of Ghana in accordance with existing arrangements;
•Obligation to set up a “Community Trust Fund” for Obuasi funded at $2 per ounce produced;
•ObligationGhana; (iii) obligation to give preference to materials and goods made in Ghana as well as services provided by Ghanaians, entities incorporated or formed in GhanaGhanaians; and entities owned and controlled by Ghanaians;
•Obligation to give preference to Ghanaian skills where they are available;
•Obligation to employ high standards of safety; and
•Right(iv) the right to peaceful enjoyment and protection against expropriation.




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Obuasi Tax Concession Agreement

The fiscalFiscal terms, which willwould ordinarily form part of a single stabilisation document, were separated from the Obuasi DA. Hence a separate tax concession agreement in relation to the Obuasi mine (Obuasi TCA)(the “Obuasi TCA”) was signed with the Government. On 21 June 2018, the Ghanaian Parliament ratified the Obuasi TCA with a concession period until 31 December 2027.

The key termsObuasi TCA contains a number of tax concessions for AGA Ghana with respect to the Obuasi TCA are as follows:
•Corporate Income Tax to bemine, including, among other matters, (i) a corporate income tax rate of 32.5 percent or such lower rates as may be fixed by law (current(instead of the current statutory rate isof 35 percent);
•Unutilised capital allowances carried forward by AGA Ghana which relate to the period before the effective date of the Obuasi TCA which have not already been utilised for the purposes of calculating taxable income shall continue to be carried forward until 31 December 2020;
•For the concession period, existing tax losses and new tax losses as well as a special concession to carry forward capital allowances to be converted into tax losses as at the end of 2020, will apply to AGA Ghana (whoever is the owner of AGA Ghana and whether or not AGA Ghana was to enter into a joint venture in respect of the Obuasi mine);
•Until 31 December 2021, exemptions (ii) exemption of certain items from Import Duty;
•For the concession period, exemption of the following transactions from Capital Gains Tax:
•an issue of shares bycapital gains tax; (iii) a publicly listed company which holds a direct or indirect interest in AGA Ghana in connection with a raising of finance, an acquisition or a reorganization or an issue of shares by a company in connection with a new listing;
•transfers of shares in any publicly listed company which holds a direct or indirect interest in AGA Ghana other than a transfer of shares which results in a third party holding more than 35 percent of the shares in the listed company; and
•a reorganization of a company which holds a direct or indirect interest in AGA Ghana where following the reorganization the shareholders are substantially similar to those shareholders of the ultimate parent entity immediately prior to the transaction;
•For the concession period, non-application of section 62(1) of the Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896) in relation to change in underlying ownership under the following circumstances:
•a joint venture in relation to Obuasi gold mine;
•an issue of shares by a publicly listed company which holds a direct or indirect interest in AGA Ghana in connection with a raising of finance, an acquisition or a reorganization or an issue of shares by a company in connection with a new listing;
•transfers of shares in any publicly listed company which holds a direct or indirect interest in AGA Ghana other than a transfer of shares which results in a third party holding more than 50 percent of the shares in the listed company; and
•a reorganization of a company which holds a direct or indirect interest in AGA Ghana where following the reorganization the shareholders are substantially similar to those shareholders of the ultimate parent entity immediately prior to the transaction;
•For the concession period, sliding scale royalty rate ranging from 3three percent to 5five percent for a price ranging from $1,300$1,300 up to $2,000$2,000 and above per ounce instead(instead of the current flat rate of 5 percent;
•Exemption from the payment offive percent); and (iv) certain VAT on items imported under the Import Duty List up to 31 December 2023;exemptions and
•Entitlement to a refund of VAT credit at the pre-production stage notwithstanding that AGA Ghana will not meet certain conditions for qualifying for refunds.

Corporate regulation

Parliament passed the new Companies Act, 2019 (Act 992) which repeals the Companies Act, 1963 (Act 179). Act 992 introduced amendments to the regulation of companies in Ghana and establishes the Office of the Registrar of Companies as an autonomous office. As a general matter, Act 992 maintained the provisions of Act 179. It, however, introduces stricter requirements for persons who are to be appointed as directors of a company as well as for company secretaries. Companies are also required to appoint new external auditors every six years. Recent directives impose that, in case of rotation of auditors, a mandatory cooling-off period of at least six years should be observed. To ensure a smooth transition, companies are required to effect this change at their next scheduled annual general meeting, but no later than 1 August 2022.

A company is also not required to have bylaws or “regulations” as was the case under Act 179. Instead, a company may opt to have a registered constitution. Nevertheless , it is expected that the current regulations for AGA Ghana and AGA Iduapriem will be redrafted and filed at the Companies Registry. Further, a company is not required to have specific objectives as prescribed under Act 179. The implication of this change is that a company can carry out any type of business unless otherwise specifically stated in the company’s constitution.


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Government’s Golden Share

Section 60(1) of the GMM Act provides that the Government of Ghana can require a mining company to issue for no consideration to the Republic of Ghana for no consideration a special share (Golden Share) by notice in writing to such mining company.(a “Golden Share”). A Golden Share may only be held by or transferred to a Minister of the Government or any person acting on behalf of such Government and authorised in writing by such Minister. The Government of Ghana holds a Golden Share in AGA Ghana was issued to the Government of Ghana and the Obuasi DA confirms that the Government’s rights with respect to its Golden Share apply only in respect of AGA Ghana’s assets and operations in Ghana.

The following matters require, and will not be effective without,Golden Share confers certain rights on the Government in respect of AGA Ghana. For example, written consent of the holder of the Golden Share:

•Share is required for, among other matters, (i) any amendment to or removal of the relevant provisions of the AGA Ghana Regulations setting out the rights and restrictions attaching toin respect of the Golden Share;
• (ii) the voluntary winding-up or voluntary liquidation of AGA Ghana;
•the redemption of or purchase by AGA Ghana of the Golden Share;
• (iii) the disposal of any mining lease held by AGA Ghana or any subsidiary of AGA Ghana; and
•any disposal by AGA Ghana (other than any disposal in (iv) the ordinary course of business of AGA Ghana) which, alone or when aggregated with any disposal or disposals forming part of, or connected with, the same or a connected transaction, constitutes a disposal of the wholeall or a material partsubstantially all of the assets of the AGA Ghana group taken as a whole.

Upon a return of assets in a winding-up or liquidation of AGA Ghana, theGhana. The holder of the Golden Share is entitled todoes not have the sum of one Ghanaian cedi (GHS 1.0) in priority to any payment to other members, but the Golden Share confers no further right to participate in the profits or assets of AGA Ghana . The Golden Share carries no right to any(by way of dividend or any right to participate in any offer of securities to existing shareholders or in any capitalisation issue. The holder of the Golden Shareother capital issuances), but is entitled to attend any general meeting of the members or any separate meeting of the holders of any class of shares. Furthermore, the holder of the Golden Share may require AGA Ghana to redeem the Golden Share at any time in consideration of the payment to such holder of one Ghanaian cedi (GHS 1.0).shareholders.

Tax laws relating to mining

Fiscal regime

Currently, the main tax laws in Ghana include the following acts and regulations:regulations, which have been frequently amended over the years:

•Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896) (as amended) and Income Tax Regulations, 2016 (L.I. 2244);
•Customs Act, 2015 (Act 891) (as amended) and Customs Regulations, 2016 (L.I. 2248);
•Value Added Tax, 2013 (Act 870) (as amended) and Value Added Tax Regulations, 2016 (L.I. 2243); and
•Revenue Administration Act, 2016 (Act 915).

Various amendments have been made to these tax laws over the years. For example, recently, the Revenue Administration (Amendment) Act, 2020 (Act 1029) amended the Revenue Administration Act, 2016 (Act 915) to establish an Independent Tax Appeals Board to hear(as amended); and determine appeals against tax decisions made by the Commissioner-General.

VAT•Exemptions Act, 2022 (Act 1083).

The provision of goods and services is liable to Value Added Tax (VAT) at a revised rate of 12.5 percent. In addition, there are separate levies, including a 2.5 percent National Health Insurance Levy and a 2.5 percent Ghana Education Trust Fund Levy.

Income taxes

In November 2015, Parliament passed the Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896) (ITA) which repealed the Internal Revenue Act, 2000 (Act 592), as amended, and became effective from 1 January 2016. The ITA ring fencesringfences and taxes income derived from mining operations at the rate of 35 percent. For the purpose of ascertaining the income of a person for taxation (including capital gains), each separate mineral operation is treated as an independent business and taxed accordingly, preventing mining businesses from deducting or setting off costs from one mining area with another’s income. The Obuasi TCA for AGA Ghana provides for a stabilised income tax rate of 32.5 percent. Pursuant to the Ghana Stability Agreement, the ITA did not apply to AGA Iduapriem until April 2019. Following its expiration, AGA Iduapriem currently pays income tax at the rate of 35 percent.

Furthermore, mining companies must pay ground rent and royalties. Ground rent (mineral concession rent)

is payable annually and is calculated based on the number of cadastral units of land held. Royalties are calculated as a percentage of total revenue from minerals obtained by the mining company. The Fees and Charges (Amendment) Instrument, 2015 (L.I. 2208) was passed by Parliament on 23 December 2015 and fixed, among other things, the paymentGovernment of ground rent byGhana currently applies a five percent royalty rate to mining companies at GHS 15 cedis per acre per annum.

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who have not agreed a different royalty rate under an agreement with the State. AGA Ghana is paying $670 (GHS 3,705 cedis) per km2 per annumpays royalties on a sliding scale ranging between three percent and five percent as provided for allby the AGA Ghana leases. The Obuasi DA protects AGA Ghana from any increase in ground rent for the duration of that development agreement.TCA. AGA Iduapriem is also paying $670 (GHS 3,705 cedis) per km2 per annum for all the AGA Iduapriem leases.

Royalties

Under the Minerals and Mining (Amendment) Act, 2015 (Act 900), the Minister will prescribe the royaltypays royalties at a rate payable and the manner of payment by passing a Legislative Instrument or other subsidiary legislation. The current royalty rate amounts to 5five percent.

The companyprovision of goods and services is requiredliable to value added tax (“VAT”) at a revised rate of 15 percent. In addition, there are separate levies, including a 2.5 percent National Health Insurance Levy (“NHIL”), a 2.5 percent Ghana Education Trust Fund Levy (“GetFund Levy”) and a one percent COVID-19 Levy. By virtue of the Obuasi TCA, AGA Ghana is exempt from the payment of the NHIL and GetFund Levy. In addition, while AGA Ghana is technically exempt from the payment of the COVID-19 Levy (as it became operational subsequent to the effective date of the Obuasi DA), the Company decided to pay ground rent to the GovernmentCOVID-19 Levy voluntarily. AGA Iduapriem is not exempt from any of Ghana (as described above) as well as such other fees as are prescribed by legislation, including royalties on timber felled within the lease area.

Minerals Income Investment Fundthese levies.

The Minerals Income Investment FundExemptions Act, 20182022 (Act 978), which was amended1083) (“Exemptions Act”) defines the scope of tax exemptions that may be granted under Ghanaian law, and sets out the administrative process for obtaining a tax exemption. The Exemptions Act requires a person with the benefit of an existing tax exemption to apply to the Ghana Minister of Finance by 11 March 2023 in order to continue to benefit from that tax exemption. The requirement to apply to the Minerals Income Investment Fund (Amendment) Act, 2020 (Act 1024), establishes a fundMinister of Finance does not affect AGA Ghana (as, by virtue of the Obuasi DA, AGA Ghana is stabilized against the adverse effects of, or obligations imposed by, any new laws). By contrast, AGA Iduapriem is subject to receive mineral royalties and related income from mineral rights holders and also provides for the disbursement and managementprovisions of such royalties and related income. The Minerals Income Investment Fund also acts as a special purpose vehicle holding the Ghanaian Government’s carried interests in mining companies. No additional burdens are imposed on mining companies as the effect of this legislation is merely to substitute the legal person holding the Government’s carried interests.Exemptions Act.

Environmental laws relating to mining

In general, environmental laws and regulations in Ghana derive from the Constitution which imposes a duty on both the State and others to take appropriate measures to protect and safeguard the natural environment. Mining companies are required, under the GMM Act, Environmental Assessment Regulations, 1999 (L.I. 1652), Environmental Protection (Mining in Forest Reserves) Regulations, 2022 (L.I. 2462) and Water Use Regulations, 2001 (L.I. 1692), to obtain all necessary approvals from the Environmental Protection Agency (Ghana EPA), a regulatory body established under the Environmental Protection Agency Act, 1994 (Act 490),(the “Ghana EPA”) and, in appropriate cases, the Water Resources Commission, the Forestry Commission and/or the Ghanaian Minerals Commission before undertaking mining operations. The Minerals and Mining (Health, Safety and Technical) Regulations, 2012 (L.I. 2182) also impose further obligations to obtain the necessary permits from the Inspectorate Division of the Ghana Minerals Commission for the operation of mines. The GMM Act also requires that mining operations in Ghana comply with all laws for the protection of the environment. Compliance with the relevant laws are enforced by a regime of sanctions, including imposition of fines and in some cases a term of imprisonment.

As part of the Ghanaian environmental laws and regulations, mining operations are required to undergoThis includes undergoing an environmental impact assessment process to obtain an environmental permit prior to commencing operations. Environmental Management Plans must be submitted toand, following the Ghana EPA within 18 months after issuance of the environmental permit, and then every three years thereafter. The plan mustperiodically preparing environmental management plans, which include details of the likely impacts of mining operations on the environment and local communities, as well as a comprehensive plan and timetable for actions to mitigate and remediate any adverse effects of the mining operations. Approval of the management plan results in the issuance of an environmental certificate.


In June 2014, the Ghana EPA and the Minerals Commission circulated draft Mining and Environmental Guidelines to all mining companies for comment. The guidelines concern environmental management, reclamation, closure requirements. In February 2021, the draft Mining in Forest Reserves Regulations were also sent to members of the Ghana Chamber of Mines for review. The Mining Community Development Scheme, which directly sponsors socio-economic development in communities in which mining operations take place or which are affected by mining activities, has since been established pursuant to the Minerals Development Fund Act, 2016 (Act 912).

Illegal and unsustainable mining practices

The Multilateral Mining Integrated Project (MMIP) is a 5-year project launched by the Government of Ghana in 2017 to address illegal and unsustainable mining practices in Ghana. The MMIP “combines a Legislation, Enforcement, Civil, Integrated and Technological Approach (LECITA) as a sustainable and structured yet regimented conjoint concept” to combat illegal mining. The MMIP involves (i) reviewing and enforcing the legal and regulatory regime of the small scale mining sector, (ii) reclaiming and rehabilitating degraded lands, (iii) dredging silted estuaries and waterways, (iv) implementing social interventions to facilitate livelihood creation in mining communities, (v) adapting technology to increase mining efficiency, processing, environmental protection and monitoring activities, and (vi) building the capacity of artisanal and small-scale miners and regulatory institutions.

In addition, other initiatives have been undertaken to combat illegal mining. For example, the Minerals and Mining (Amendment) Act, 2015 (Act 900) makes provision for the confiscation of the equipment of illegal miners and, as a result of recent illegal mining activities, the GMM Act was amended to increase penalties for illegal mining and expressly criminalise the aiding and abetting of illegal mining activities. The prescribed minimum sentence for illegal mining is now 15 years and maximum of 25 years for foreigners who engage in illegal mining.

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adverse effects of the mining operations, for submission to the Ghana EPA. The Minerals and Mining (Health, Safety and Technical) Regulations, 2012 (L.I. 2182) also impose further obligations to obtain the necessary permits from the Inspectorate Division of the Minerals Commission for the operation of mines. The environmental permits of AGA Ghana (for the Obuasi redevelopment project and for the construction and operation of tailings and water infrastructure projects) are valid until June 2024. The environmental permits for AGA Iduapriem in connection with (i) gold mining and processing, (ii) the re-mining of Block 5 and for the tertiary crusher installation project and (iii) the construction and operation of a tailings storage facility (“TSF”) expired in August 2021, July 2022 and January 2023, respectively. The renewal process for the AGA Iduapriem environmental permits, which was commenced in advance of the expiry of the permits, is underway.

Environmental laws in Ghana also require mining operators to rehabilitate land negatively impacted by mining operations according to an environmental cost reclamation plan agreed with the Ghana EPA. The environmental cost reclamation plan includes two cost estimates, namely the cost of rehabilitating the mining area at the end of the life of the mine as well as the cost of rehabilitating the mine as at the date of the reclamation plan. These estimates are reviewed annually and updated every two years. Each mining company is typically required to secure a percentage (typically between 50 percent and 100 percent) of the estimated rehabilitation costs by posting reclamation bonds underwritten by banks and restricted cash. The terms of each reclamation bond are determined by a reclamation security agreement between that company and the Ghana EPA. Both AGA Ghana and AGA Iduapriem have bank guarantees in place for environmental reclamation liabilities as well as escrow accounts with joint signatories from the Ghana EPA. The guarantees for AGA Iduapriem expired in October 2022, whereas the guarantees for AGA Ghana expired in December 2022. Renewal of the bank guarantees (which commenced in advance of the expiry of the existing guarantees) has not yet been completed due to the continued depreciation of the Ghanaian cedi and its impact on the Bank of Ghana’s single obligor limit. AGA Ghana and AGA Iduapriem have notified the Ghana EPA of the resultant delays.

Foreign exchange, export and other rules

Retention of foreign earnings

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Ghana areThe Obuasi mine is permitted to retain 80 percent of theirits foreign exchange earnings in an offshore foreign exchange account.account, whereas the Iduapriem mine is allowed to retain up to 75 percent. In addition, the companyCompany has permission from the Bank of Ghana to retain and use USU.S. dollars outside of Ghana to fulfil payment obligations to the company’sCompany’s hedge counterparties which cannot be met from the cash resources of its treasury company.

On 4 February 2014, the Bank of Ghana issued new directives as part of measures to streamline the collection and repatriation of export proceeds to Ghana. These directives included an instruction to all banks and authorised dealers to, within 5 working days of receipt of export proceeds, convert the proceeds into Ghana cedis based on the average Interbank Foreign Exchange Rate prevailing on the day of conversion with a spread not exceeding 200 percentage in points (pips). Exporters with retention accounts were to continue to operate these accounts in accordance with their retention agreements. Retention proceeds which were sold to the banks were to be converted into Ghana cedis based on the average Interbank Foreign Exchange Rate prevailing on the day of conversion with a spread not exceeding 200 pips. It further advised that offshore foreign exchange transactions by resident companies, including exporters, were strictly prohibited and exporters were to ensure that all export proceeds are repatriated in full. Failure to comply with the provisions attracts penalties including pecuniary sanctions, jail terms, suspension and revocation of the operating licence as applicable.

Following engagement with relevant stakeholders, the Bank of Ghana issued another notice clarifying that the transfer of foreign exchange to meet external payment obligations remains permissible for transactions such as:
•redemptions and coupon payments on bonds held by non-residents;
•investment income, technology and management transfer entitlements, expatriate emoluments, and other incentive packages and overseas commitments under provisions in various legislation and legislative instruments such as the GMM Act, and the Technology Transfer Regulations, 1992 (L.I.1547); and
•other outward payments for imports of goods and services.

The notice also stated that all balances in Foreign Currency Accounts (FCAs) and Foreign Exchange Accounts (FEAs) will continue to be held in foreign currency and will not be converted into Ghana cedis. External transfers of up to $10,000 per annum without documentation from FEA and FCA are still permitted. Balances held in FEAs and FCAs continue to remain available for all legitimate external transactions.

The Bank of Ghana on 9 August 2014 further revised the rules on foreign exchange operations, effectively reversing the initial directives controlling transactions in foreign exchange. The key details are as follows:
•Exporters shall continue to repatriate in full export proceeds in accordance with the terms agreed between the trading parties. Such proceeds shall be credited to their FEAs and converted on a need basis;
•FEAs and FCAs will continue to be opened and operated as they were before the notices of 4 February 2014;
•Except for transfers from FEA to FCA which are still prohibited, all other transfers between accounts are permitted;
•FCAs shall be fed only with unrequited transfers such as transfers from abroad for investment or embassy transfers;
•FEAs shall be fed with foreign exchange generated from activities in Ghana such as proceeds from exports of goods and services; and
•The threshold for transfers abroad without initial documentation remains at $50,000.00.

Existing measures that were not amended by this notice continue to remain in force. The Bank of Ghana reiterated that the Ghana cedi remains the sole legal tender in Ghana. Therefore, pricing, advertising, invoicing, receiving, and making payments for goods and services should be done in Ghana cedis, unless otherwise authorised by the Bank of Ghana.

Rules regarding the export of gold and diamonds

The Bank of Ghana introduced new measures to regulate and monitor the export of gold and diamonds from Ghana in 2015. From 15 September 2015, all exports of gold and diamonds must be carried out through the Precious Minerals Marketing Company Ltd (PMMC)(“PMMC”), except where the exporter is the holder of a licence that permits it to export directly. The Ghana Revenue Authority (Customs Division) only permits gold to be exported by a licensed gold exporter who has a completed Form FEX A4 bearing Bank of Ghana’s embossment. The export measures do not apply to AngloGold Ashanti because the companyCompany holds a licence granted by the LNR Minister to sell and export its production.

The Bank of Ghana issued a notice (Notice No. BG/GOV/SEC/2016/02) which, among other things, allows mining companies to sell the portion of foreign exchange receipts from export that was earmarked for surrender to the Bank of Ghana directly to the commercial banks.Local assaying and refinement policies

In November 2016, the Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources issued a ministerial directive appointing the PMMC as designated laboratory for assaying in Ghana. The directive requests all persons holding export licenseslicences for gold to submit all gold
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to be exported to the PMMC for assay before export. Mining businesses, including AngloGold Ashanti, acting through the Ghana Chamber of Mines were opposed to this directive due to its potential negative impact on mining companies in the region. As a result, the Chamber initiated proceedings to reverse or modify the directive. Following discussions in respect of the mining industry’s concerns, the Chamber and Government agreed on the modalities for implementing the national assaying policy and it was introduced in February 2018 following a one-month pilot among certain mining companies. A final documentSubsequently, in June 2019, the LNR Minister released a statement reiterating the Government of Ghana’s plans to locally refine 30 percent of the gold produced in the country. Discussions between the Ghana Chamber of Mines and the Government of Ghana’s economic management team in 2019 led to the Chamber agreeing to consider the proposal and for the implementation ofparties to discuss detailed modalities to ensure that a move to locally refined gold does not become detrimental to the program will be executed once the Chamber and the PMMC address a few outstanding issues regarding assaying methodologies.mining industry.

LocalisationLocal content and local participation policy

Mining companies must submit a detailed programme for the recruitment and training of Ghanaians with a view to achieving “localisation”, which is the replacement of expatriate personnel in a company’s Ghanaian operations by Ghanaian personnel. In addition, mining companies must give preference to Ghanaian products and personnel, to the maximum extent possible, consistent with safety, efficiency and economies. The Minerals and Mining (General) Regulations, 2012 (L.I. 2173) give further details on the localisation policy. On 15 October 2020, theThe Minerals and Mining (Local Content and Local Participation) Regulations, 2020 (L.I. 2431) were adopted in order to expandcame into force on 22 December 2020 with the scopepurpose of local content requirementsdeveloping Ghanaian participation in the mining industry. The Minerals Commission is taskedindustry value chain by imposing an obligation on mining companies to publish a local procurement list ofprocure goods and services that must havewith Ghanaian content. Mining companies must also submit a five-year procurement plancontent to the Minerals Commission. Technical and engineering services generally must be provided by Ghanaian-owned companies subject to limited exceptions. Only the services of financial institutions incorporated in Ghana are to be procured and not less than 25 percent of transactions are required to be undertaken with financial institutions owned by Ghanaian citizens. Other services such as haulage, security, contract mining services for small-scale mining operations and supply of fuel are required to be provided by Ghanaians. Furthermore, if the planned capital expenditures of a holder of a mineral right exceeds certain limits set by the LNR Minister, it is required to list at least 20 percent of its equity on the Ghana Stock Exchange within five years after commencement of mining operations. In addition, there are also restrictions on the number of expatriates that can be employed by mineral rights holders and mine support service providers in a bid to enhance the participation of Ghanaians in the mining industry.maximum extent possible.

Imposition



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The Government’s election to purchase gold

In June 2021, the Bank of Ghana launched a “Domestic Gold Purchase Programme” through which the Bank of Ghana intends to purchase refined gold from AGA Ghana, AGA Iduapriem and other large-scale mining companies through voluntary arrangements pursuant to the Bank of Ghana Act, 2002 (Act 612). The LNR Minister indicated in November 2022 that the Government of Ghana intended to exercise its statutory right of pre-emption pursuant to the GMM Act to compel large-scale mining companies to sell 20 percent of their Ghana gold production and/or the resultant refined gold to the Bank of Ghana in exchange for Ghanaian cedis. Each of AGA Ghana and AGA Iduapriem executed voluntary gold purchase agreements with the Bank of Ghana on 29 December 2022. As at 10 March 2020,2023, the ImpositionGovernment of Restrictions Act, 2020 (Act 1012) was enacted to put in place measures to address the COVID-19 pandemic. It gives the President power to impose restrictions on personsGhana had not exercised its statutory right of pre-emption as prescribed in the event of an emergency, disaster or similar circumstance to ensure public safety, public health and protection. Numerous executive instruments have been issued in exercise of this power conferred on the President pursuant to this legislation to manage the pandemic.GMM Act.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

Obuasi

The currentObuasi mine originally held four contiguous mining lease forleases, namely, the Obuasi, areaBinsere 1, Binsere 2 and Binsere 3 Mining Leases. The Obuasi Mining Lease was granted by the Government of Ghana on 5 March 1994. It grants mining concessions to land with1994, covering an area of approximately 338 km2 in the Amansie East and Adansi West districts of the Ashanti region, for a term of 30 years from the date of the agreement. In addition, a mining lease overThe Binsere Mining Leases were granted on 9 April 1998, covering an adjacentarea of 140 km2 was also granted, resulting, for a term of 30 years from the date of the agreement. All leases in respect of the total area underObuasi mine had been duly ratified in accordance with Ghanaian law. In March 2007, the mining lease increasing to 474 km2. The Government of Ghana agreed to extend the term of the mining lease relating to the Obuasi mine until 2054.Mining Lease for a further term of 30 years. The mining leaseamended Obuasi Mining Lease was formallyalso ratified by Parliament on 23 October 2008. The Obuasi Mining Lease will expire in March 2054 and the Binsere Mining Leases in April 2028. The mining leases are renewable. On 3 March 2016, the Minerals Commission approved AGA Ghana’s application to surrender approximately 273.54 km2 of the area to the Government of Ghana, reducing the combined area under AGA Ghana’s lease areas to 201.46 km2. The remaining parcel of land that will be subject to the mining lease is situated within various villages and townships in the region but excludes the municipality of Obuasi. On 15 January 2021, the Minerals Commission approved AGA Ghana’s application to relinquishsurrender a further 60.24 km2 of lease area, thereby reducing the total lease areasarea to 141.22 km2 under three mining leases, namely, the Obuasi Mining Lease (87.48 km2), in order to avoid encroachmentthe Binsere 1 Mining Lease (29.03 km2) and illegalthe Binsere 2 Mining Lease (24.71 km2). These mining activities within the mine’s footprint while maintaining its social license to operate.

AGA Ghana is not required to pay annual mineral right fees as the AGA Ghana leases were granted prior to the enactment of the GMM Act which imposes such fees. The GMM Act provides that leases granted under laws subsisting immediately before the coming into force of the GMM Act shall continue to be governed by such pre-existing laws. As a result, the AGA Ghana leases are still regulatedcovered by the MineralsObuasi DA and Mining Law, 1986 (PNDCL 153), as amended (notwithstanding the repeal of PNDCL 153 by the GMM Act).Obuasi TCA.

Iduapriem

The Iduapriem mine operates under four different mining leases:leases, namely, the Iduapriem Mining Lease (LVB1539/89) (36.47 km2), the Ajopa Mining Lease (LVB/WR326/09) (46.12 km2), the Teberebie Mining Lease (LVB3722H/92) (28.53 km2) and the Ajopa South Mining Lease (LR#1109/1999) (28.10 km2). Prior to all four mining leases expiring in 2018 and 2019, AGA Iduapriem submitted all relevant documents to apply for renewal of the leases. On 17 February 2020, the mining leases were extended for a further period of 15 years and such leases will now expire in February 2035. The Ajopa Mining Lease and the Ajopa South Mining Lease were ratified by the Ghanaian Parliament on 15 July 2020. The Iduapriem Mining Lease and the Teberebie Mining Lease were both ratified on 22 December 2020.

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AGA Iduapriem is required to pay an annual mineral right fee of $178,000 with respect to the Iduapriem Mining Lease, $136,000mine have been duly ratified in accordance with respect to the Teberebie Mining Lease, $134,000 with respect to the Ajopa South Mining Lease and $220,000 with respect to the Ajopa Mining lease.Ghanaian law.

Guinea

General laws relating to mining

In Guinea, all mineral substances are the property of the State. Mining activities aremining industry is primarily regulated by Law L/2011/006/CNT dated 9 September 2011 as amended by Law L/2013/053/CNT dated 8 April 2013 and promulgated by Decree D/2013/075/PRG/SGG dated 17 April 2013 (together, the Guinea“Guinea Mining Code)Code”).

The Guinea Mining Code is implemented by various decrees and orders, including Decree D/2014/015/PRG/SGG adopting a model of mining convention, dated 17 January 2014, Order A/2016/1584/MMG/SGG related to the administration’s capacities for the management of integrated mining projects (PARCA-GPI) and its steering committee, dated 6 June 2016, and Decree D/2016/163/PRG/SGG on the national agency for the development of mining infrastructures (ANAIM), dated 13 June 2016, and Decree D/2016/215/PRG/SRG on the appointment of executives to the Ministry of Mines and Geology, dated 8 July 2016.

In 2017, Decree D/2017/285/PRG/SGG was adopted, which sets forth the conditions for the constitution and management of the Local Development Fund (Fodel)(“Fodel”), as well as Joint Order A/2017/6326/MMG/MATD/SGG, which sets forth the conditions for the use, management and control of the Fodel. Together, these set forth the use of the mining companies’ financial contribution to the development of the local communities and the rules applying to the Fodel, which was created under the Guinea Mining Code. In addition, Joint Order AC/2017/3228/MATD/MMG/SGG, issued by the Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralisation and the Ministry of Mines and Geology and dated 21 July 2017, updates the act on the establishment, attribution and functioning of the coordination committees in mining communities (CCLMS). The main purpose of the CCLMs, in which all concerned mining companies are represented, is to prevent and settle disputes that may arise in mining communities. On 13 July 2018, a Joint Order A/2018/5212/MEF/MMG/MB/MATD/SGG was issued, which regulates the use, management and monitoring of the resources allocated to local authorities pursuant to article 165 of the Guinea Mining Code. In 2019, an inter-ministerial committee was created to supervise and control the Fodel through the adoption of Joint Order AC/2019/089/MMG/MATD/SGG setting out the conditions for the constitution, powers and management of said inter-ministerial committee. On 6 September 2019, Decree D/2019/263/PRG/SGG was issued, which sets forth local content requirements in the framework of the implementation of public and private projects in Guinea. On 27 May 2021, Order A/2021/1229/MMG/SGG was issued to establish the Steering Committee for local content in the mining sector. On 21 October 2022, Law L/2022/010/CNT, dated 22 September 2022, setting up the legal framework for local content in public and private projects was enacted (the “Local Content Act”). In particular, the Local Content Act regulates local employment, procurement of goods and services, and subcontracting



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requirements. As the Local Content Act does not expressly repeal the provisions of Decree D/2019/263/PRG/SGG, those provisions remain in force to the extent that they do not conflict with the Local Content Act.

On 16 June 2020, a new procedure for the export of gold by mining companies was enacted through the adoption of Decree D/2020/113/PRG/SGG, which sets out, amongst other things: (i) when the industrial production tax referred to in article 161-1 of the Guinea Mining Code shall be paid, and (ii) the process to be followed to export gold bullion.

On 27 April 2021, a Joint Order AC/2021/824/MMG/BCRG/SGG was issued establishing the fees and costs charged by the Guinean mining authorities and the Guinean Central Bank in connection with the administrative procedures for the export of gold by industrial and semi-industrial companies.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The right to undertake mining operations in Guinea can only be obtained by one of the following mining titles: surveying permit, small-scale mining licence, exploration licence, mining licence or mining concession.

The group’sGroup’s Guinean subsidiary, Société AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A. (SAG)(“SAG”), has title to the Siguiri mine in the form of a mining concession, granted by virtue of Presidential Decree D/97/171/PRG/SGG, dated 4 August 1997, for a period of 25 years (Mining Concession)(the “Mining Concession”). The Mining Concession covers exploration and mining for gold, silver, diamonds and associated ores, and was originally covered by a mining convention entered into with the Republic of Guinea in 1993 and amended in 2005. On 28 June 2016, SAG and the Government of Guinea concluded a revised and consolidated mining convention (Revised Convention(Convention de Base)Base Révisée et Consolidée) (the “Revised Mining Convention”) which encompasses a renewal of the term of the original mining convention and other amendments necessary to support an expansion project to extend the life of the Siguiri mine (the Expansion)“Expansion”). In compliance with the provisions of the Guinea Mining Code, the Revised Mining Convention de Base was ratified by the Guinean National Assembly (Law L/2016/N°067/AN dated 30 December 2016, promulgated by Decree D/2017/015/PRG/SGG dated 24 January 2017), submitted to the Guinean Supreme Court which rendered a favourable opinion (Judgement N°AC 005 dated 16 January 2017), and ratified by the President of the Republic of Guinea (Decree D/2017/021/PRG/SGG dated 24 January 2017). It, following which it replaced the original mining convention and became effective on 24 January 2017.

Key elements of the Revised Mining Convention de Base include the following:

•a duration of 25 years, expiring 23 January 2042, subject to further renewal if mining operations continue;
•the term of the Mining Concession is aligned with the term of the Revised Mining Convention de Base such thatsince the Republic of Guinea committed to maintain the Mining Concession will be renewed as long asfor the entire duration of the Revised Convention de Base remains in force;Mining Convention;
•SAG’s operations remain governed by the 1995 Guinea Mining Code (the prior mining code) and are only subject to the provisions of the Guinea Mining Code to the extent they are expressly set out in the Revised Convention de Base;Mining Convention;
•the stability of the customs and tax regime is guaranteed for the entire initial term of the Revised Mining Convention, de Base, and subject to certain conditions being met, any renewal period(s);
•the Republic of Guinea holds a 15 percent free-carried/non-contributory interest;
•the Republic of Guinea is entitled to a royalty on gold of 5five percent based on a spot gold price as per LBMA fixing (PM) up until the date of steady state commercial production of the first phase of the Expansion, after which the royalty rate applicable to gold will vary depending on threshold prices as per LBMA fixing (PM), namely: 3three percent if the gold price is USD 1,300$1,300 or less, 5five percent, if above USD 1,300$1,300 and up to USD 2,000$2,000 and 7seven percent if above USD 2,000;$2,000;
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•SAG benefits from 5-year income tax holiday from the beginning of steady state commercial production of the first phase of the Expansion, after which the income tax rate is set at 30 percent;
•a local development tax of 0.4 percent is payable on the sale price for gold and silver received by SAG up until 31 December 2027, after which it will be increased to 0.6 percent;
•salaries of expatriate employees are subject to a 10ten percent income tax;
•goods imported into Guinea for purposes related to the construction and commissioning of the first phase of the Expansion are exempt from all customs taxes and duties; and
•SAG is committed to adopting and progressively implementing a plan for the effective rehabilitation of the mining areas disturbed or affected by its operations.

The Mining Concession covers an area divided into four blocks totalingtotalling approximately 1,495 km2. SAG has the exclusive right to explore and mine in any part of the concession area for the duration of the Revised Convention de Base.Mining Convention. The Revised Mining Convention de Base also grants SAG the option to secure certain land rights over additional areas currently covered by exploration permits, but to which SAG may need access for purposes of establishing roads or storage of tailings. While the Mining Concession expired on 4 August 2022, a renewal request had been filed prior to its expiry in accordance with the provisions of the Revised Mining Convention on 1 February 2022. Pursuant to the Revised Mining Convention, the Mining Concession can be renewed for one or more period(s) that cannot exceed ten years each as long as the Revised Mining Convention is in force.

The Revised Mining Convention de Base is subject to early termination if the parties formally and expressly agree to it, if the last of the mining title held by SAG expires or is relinquished without any renewal application having been filed, if all project activities are voluntarily suspended for a continuous period of 12 months or are permanently abandoned by SAG, or if SAG goes into voluntary liquidation or is placed into liquidation by a court of competent jurisdiction.






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Mali

General laws relating to mining

The mining industry in Mali is primarily regulated by Ordinance No. 2019-022/P-RM dated 27 September 2019 containing the new mining code of the Republic of Mali (2019 Mali(the “Mali Mining Code)Code”) and Decree No. 2020-0177/PT-RM dated 12 November 2020 implementing the 2019 Mali Mining Code. On 8 December 2020, Decree No. 2020-0288/PM-RM enacted the new model mining convention referred to in Decree No. 2020-0177/PT-RM.

The 2019 Mali Mining Code applies to the mining operations previously carried out by AngloGold Ashanti entities in Mali (as further described below) except with respect to the validity, scope and duration of their exploitation permits and the provisions on tax and customs regime contained in their mining conventions (conventions d’établissement) for their remaining duration. In this regard, the transitory rules of the 2019 Mali Mining Code specify that mining conventions in force remain valid for their remaining term and their holders continue to benefit from the stability of the tax and customs regime set out therein.

Exploration and prospecting activities are carried out under exploration authorisations (autorisation d’exploration)(autorisation d’exploration) or exploration permits (permis(permis de recherche). Exploration authorisations and exploration permitsrecherche), which give their holder the exclusive right to carry out exploration activities over a given area. Exploration authorisations are granted by the Mining Administration (Administration chargée des Mines) for a non-renewable period of three months, while exploration permits are granted by Ministerial Order for a period of three years renewable twice for additional 3-year periods. Applications for exploration authorisations and exploration permits must contain various documents attesting to the financial and technical capacity of the applicant as well as a detailed works and costs programme. Exploration authorisations are granted by the Mining Administration (Administration chargée des Mines) while exploration permits are granted by Ministerial Order.

A large scale permit exploitation permit (permis(permis d’exploitation de grande mine)mine) is required to mine a deposit located within the area of an exploration permit. The large scale exploitation permit and grants the holder an exclusive right to exploit the named substances and proceed with the processing and commercialisation of the substances extracted within its perimeter. Large scale exploitation permits are granted by decree of the Head of Government for a maximum period of 12 years renewable for 10ten year-periods until depletion of the deposits. The large scale exploitation permit is granted only to the holder of an exploration permit and covers only the area governed by the exploration permit. An application must be submitted to the Mining Administration (Administration(Administration chargée des Mines)Mines) and must contain various documents attesting to the financial and technical capacity of the applicant, a feasibility study, a detailed environmental study in respect of the impact of the project on the environment, an environmental permit, a closure and rehabilitation plan as well as a community development plan. The large scale exploitation permit is granted by decree of the Head of Government. As soon as the large scale exploitation permit is granted, the permit holder must incorporate a company under the laws of Mali. The permit holder willMali and assign the large scale exploitation permit for free to this company. The State will have a 10ten percent free-carried interest in the company. This interest will be converted into priority shares and the State’s participation will not be diluted in case of an increase in capital. In addition, the company is required to ensure that private Malian investors are offered the possibility to acquire 5five percent of their capital.

All mining titles mentioned above (save for the exploration authorisation) require an establishmenta mining convention (convention(convention d’établissement)tablissement) to be signed by the State and the titleholder defining their rights and obligations, the duration of which is 20 years.


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AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

Historically, AngloGold Ashanti had interests in the Morila, Sadiola and Yatela gold mines, all of which were governed by establishmentmining conventions (conventions d’établissement) covering exploration, mining, treatment and marketing in a comprehensive document. These documents include general provisions regarding exploration (work programme, fiscal and customs framework) and exploitation (formation of a local limited liability mining company, State interest, fiscal and customs framework governing construction and exploitation phases, exchange controls, marketing of the product, accounting regime, training programmes for local labour, protection of the environment, reclamation, safety, hygiene and dispute settlement).

AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner Barrick Gold Corporation completed the sale of their entire interests in Société des Mines de The Morila S.A., the company operating the Morila gold mine in Mali, to Firefinch Limited (previously named Mali Lithium Limited) on 10 November 2020. At the time of the sale, mining of ore had ceased at the Morila gold mine.

AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner IAMGOLD Corporation completed the sale of their entire interests in Société d’Exploitation des Mines d’Or de Sadiola S.A., the company operating theand Sadiola gold minemines were sold in Mali, to Allied Gold Corp on 30November and December 2020. At the time of the sale, mining of ore had ceased at the Sadiola gold mine.2020, respectively.

In April 2017, Société d’Exploitation des Mines d’Or de Yatela S.A. (Yatela)(“Yatela”), the company operating the Yatela gold mine, began the implementation of a closure plan in order to relinquish the property. In February 2019, AngloGold Ashanti and its joint venture partner IAMGOLD Corporation announced an agreement to sell each of their 40%40 percent interests in Yatela to the Government of Mali, which holds the remaining 20%20 percent interest. TheCompletion of the transaction is subject to the fulfilment or waiver of a number of conditions precedent and AngloGold Ashanti remains committedhas been delayed several times since 2019 due to its completion despite recent political instability and related events in Mali which have delayed completion ofas well as the sale from the originally anticipated timeline.COVID-19 pandemic. Yatela’s exploitation permit covers approximately 212 km2. Yatela has a 30-year permit which expires in 2030.

Tanzania

General laws relating to mining

Tanzania Mining Act and Tanzania Mining Regulations

Mineral rights in the United Republic of Tanzania are principally governed by the Mining Act, 2010 (No. 14) (Tanzania Mining Act) as amended in 2017 by the Written Laws (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act, 2017 (No. 7) and which was revised and published by the Attorney General of Tanzania on 30 October 2018 as the Mining Act, Chapter 123 (R.E. 2018)2019), as amended (the “Tanzania Mining Act”) and the Mining Regulations, 2010 (Tanzania2018 (the “Tanzania Mining Regulations), as amended in 2018, which include: Mining (Mineral Beneficiation) Regulations, 2018 as amended in 2019; Mining (Minerals and Mineral Concentrates Trading) Regulations, 2018 as amended in 2019; Mining (Radioactive Minerals) Regulations, 2018; Mining (Local Content) Regulations, 2018 as amended in 2019; Mining (Geological Survey) Regulations, 2018; Mining (Audit and Inspection of Records) Regulations, 2018; and Mining (Designated Minerals Certification) Regulations, 2019. Other regulations are: Mining (Environmental Protection For Small Scale Mining) Regulations, 2010; Mining (Safety, Occupational Health and Environmental Protection) Regulations, 2010; Mining (Mineral and Gem Houses) Regulations, 2019; Mining (Mining Shareholding and Public Offering) Regulations, 2016 as amended in 2017; Mining (Diamond Trading) Regulation, 2019; Natural Wealth and Resources (Permanent Sovereignty) Code of Conduct for Investors in Natural Resources Regulations, 2020 (Permanent Sovereignty Regulations); andRegulations”). The Natural Wealth Contracts (Review and Re-Negotiation of Unconscionable Terms) Regulations, 2020. The application of the Code of Conduct under the Permanent Sovereignty Regulations extends to employees, agents, suppliers and consultants and requires them to comply with other binding instruments and decisions made based on such instruments, in addition to policies, laws and regulations. The Permanent Sovereignty Regulations make it mandatory to seek the advice of an office bearer or the office of Attorney General, if the requirements of the Code, provisions of the Mining Act or other instruments relating to natural wealth and resources become ambiguous, unclear or in conflict resulting into uncertainty. Further, the Code of Conduct requires investors to conduct periodic reviews in respect of their compliance with such legislation in order to prevent the occurrence of matters prohibited by the laws of Tanzania. The Code also requires every investor to sign and submit an integrity pledge.Tanzania


The Tanzania
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Mining Act and the Tanzania Mining Regulations came into force in November 2010 followed by amendments to the Tanzania Mining Act in 2017 and subsequent amendments to the Tanzania Mining Regulations in 2018 and 2019.

Amendments of the Tanzania The Mining Act(Local Content) Regulations were amended and the Tanzania Mining Regulations

As mentioned above, the Tanzania Mining Act was amended in 2017 followed by an amendment of the Tanzania Mining Regulations in 2018 and 2019 and,came into force on 23 September 2022. Those amendments, together with an Executive Order, introducing, introduced, the following:

•Dissolution of the Tanzania Minerals Audit Agency whose functions and powers have now been transferred to the Geological Survey of Tanzania (GST);
•Dissolution of the Mining Advisory Board and introduction ofamong other matters, (i) the Tanzania Mining Commission. The functions and powers of the Mining Advisory Board have been taken over by the Mining Commission, including the functions of the Commissioner for Minerals. However, the Mining Commission has been made responsible for matters related to auditing and monitoring of
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mineral production in Tanzania. The Mining Commission has powers to audit quality and quantity of mineral produced and exported by mining entities, financial records of mining entities for the purposes of tax assessments, and environmental management expenditures of the mining entities for the purpose of assessment of compliance to the mine closure plan. Mineral rights holders were required to submit all geological information in their possession to the GST;
•ACommission; (ii) local content requirementrequirements in employment and for procurement of goods and services: the Tanzania Mining Act requires that mining companies must give: (i) first consideration to good and services provided or manufactured in Tanzania where they meet mining industry specifications (established by the Standards Authority / internationally acceptable standards), (ii) first consideration for employment to qualified Tanzanians, andservices; (iii) adequate provision for on-the-job training of Tanzanians. Specific minimum local content thresholds are specified in Schedule 1 to the Tanzania Mining Regulations. These will be determined by the Mining Commission alongside the work programme. The relevant Minister may prescribe additional minimum local content thresholds;
•To qualify for holding a Mining Licence in Tanzania, 5requirements of five percent of a licensee’slicencee’s equity mustto be held by Tanzanians, with at least 80 percent of its managerial positions to be held by Tanzanians and 100 percent of non-managerial and other positions to be held by Tanzanians, in addition to the shareholding of the Government of Tanzania pursuant to Section 10 of the Tanzania Mining Act (i.e. free-carried interest). This amount is determined,; and may be varied, by the relevant Minister;
•Establishment of the Local Content Committee (LC Committee) which will oversee the implementation of the Tanzania Mining Regulations and which is composed of a member of the Mining Commission, the Director of Labour and Employment, a member of the Tanzania Private Sector Foundation, the CEO of the Geological Survey of Tanzania, the head of legal services at the Ministry for Minerals and the Executive Secretary of the Mining Commission. The LC Committee sets minimum standards for local content plans and reports to the Mining Commission;
•Establishment of various Tanzanian bodies, including the (i) Geological Survey, (ii) Mineral and Gem Houses, (iii) National Gold and Gemstone Reserve, (iv) Government Minerals Warehouse, (v) National Minerals Resources Data Bank, and (vi) Mining Cadastre;
•Introduction of a statutory procedureregulations for the conductgovernment warehousing of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), whereby a company is requiredminerals prior to prepare annually a CSR plan jointly agreed with the local government authorities in consultation with the Minister for Finance and the Minister for Local Government Authorities; and
•Cancellation of retention licences, with rights over such licences to revert to the Government of Tanzania.export/sale.

Minimum shareholding and public offering

TheIn 2016, the Mining (Minimum Shareholding and Public Offering) Regulations, 2016, came into force by Government Notice No. 286 published on 7 October 2016 and revised by amendment on 24 February 2017. On 10 January 2018, the Government of Tanzania published its new Tanzania Mining Regulations, 2018, which contain, amongst others, the implementation provisions of theas amended, Tanzania Mining Act.

was adopted. The regulations set out the requirement to sell shares to Tanzanian nationals, by way of a public offering and listing on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange, which will apply to companies that are carrying out large scale mining operations. The regulations also require all existing holders of a special mining licence to list a minimum of 30 percent of their shares on either the Main Investment Market or the Enterprise Growth Market Segment of the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange within 6six months of the regulations coming into force, which was on 24 February 2017. However, the companyCompany believes the listing requirement conflicts with the mining development agreement.

In September 2020, the Government of Tanzania published the Mining (Minimum Shareholding and Public Offering) (Amendment) Regulations, 2020, by means of Government Notice No. 181, which exempts companies holding special mining licences from local listing requirements if such mining company has entered into an agreement with the Government of Tanzania that provides for a non-dilutable free-carried interest in such mining company and an economic benefits sharing arrangement.

Arbitration

Along with other major mining companies, AngloGold Ashanti’s subsidiaries are seeking a constructive dialogue with the Government of Tanzania to gain assurances that the Geita gold mine will not be affected by therecent legal and fiscal changes mentioned above, givenadopted by the Government in light of their mining development agreements which guarantee (i) fiscal and regulatory stability, as well asand (ii) an agreement between all parties before material legal and regulatory changes are made. As a precautionary step to safeguard its interests, AngloGold Ashanti commenced international arbitration proceedings against the Government of Tanzania in connection with the enactment of this legislation in July 2017. These arbitral proceedings were stayed until 12 March 2021 in order to afford the parties the opportunity to achieve an amicable resolution of the dispute and as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. On 15 March 2021, and due to continuing COVID-19 issues in sub-Saharan Africa, we requested a further extension to stay the proceedings. This requestDeclaratory relief is pending with the arbitral tribunal.

The arbitration action against the Government of Tanzania seeks declaratory reliefsought in accordance with the terms of the company’s existing mining development agreement to preserve the company’its and its shareholders’ rights and interests in the Geita gold mine, includingmine. AngloGold Ashanti is seeking confirmation from the Government of Tanzania that, the company is exempt from the listing requirement. The arbitration
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proceedings also seek to confirm that AngloGold Ashanti does not, as a result of its existing mining development agreement, the company does not fall within the scope of the new mining legislation under whichthat includes, among other things, (i) listing requirements; (ii) an increase in the rate of revenue royalties from four to six percent and a one percent clearance fee; and (iii) a right for the Government of Tanzania has the right to (i)(a) renegotiate existing mining agreements at its discretion, (ii)(b) receive a non-dilutable, free-carried interest of no less than 16 percent in all mining projects, and (iii)(c) acquire up to 50 percent of the shares of the mining company commensurate with the total tax expenditure incurred by the Government in favour of the mining company, and which includes an increase in the rate of revenue royalties from 4 to 6 percent and a 1 percent clearance fee.company. AngloGold Ashanti can provide no assurance that the new mining legislation, including the listing requirement,requirements, will not apply to its operations in Tanzania and the outcome of the arbitration action may have a material adverse impact on the company’s results of operations and financial condition. See also “Item“Item 8A: Legal Proceedings—Tanzania”Proceedings-Tanzania”.

Categories of mineral right licences

Ownership of and control over minerals on, in or under the land vest in the President of the United Republic of Tanzania. No person is allowed to prospect for minerals or carry on mining operations except pursuant to the authority of a mineral right licence granted, or deemed to have been granted, under the Tanzania Mining Act or its predecessor acts. To enable a company to prospect or mine, the Tanzania Ministry of Minerals (MEM)Mining Commission (“MC”) initially grants an exclusive prospecting licence. Upon presentation of a feasibility study, together with certain other environmental, social and financial assurances, the MEMMC may then grant a form of licence for mining. Licensing decisions take into account the abilities of the company (including its mining, financial and technical capabilities), projected rehabilitation programmes, environmental compliance and the payment of royalties.

Three categories of licences can be applied for under the Tanzania Mining Act: licences for exploration, licences for mining, and licences for ancillary activities. Licences for exploration include prospecting licences and gemstone prospecting licences. Licences for mining include special mining licences (if the proposed capital investment is equal to at least USD 100$100 million), mining licences (if the proposed capital investment is equal to between USD 100,000$100,000 and USD 100$100 million) and primary mining licences (reserved for Tanzanian citizens). Licences for ancillary activities include processing licences, smelting licences and refining licences. For purposes of AngloGold Ashanti’s Geita gold mine, only prospecting and special mining licences are relevant.

Prospecting licence

A prospecting licence grants the holder the exclusive right to prospect in the area covered by the licence for all minerals within the class of minerals applied for. The classes that can be applied for include, amongst others, metallic minerals, energy minerals, gemstones other than kimberlitic diamonds and kimberlitic diamonds. Holder of prospecting licences have the obligations to: (i) commence prospecting operations within three months or such further period as the Mining Commission may allow from the date of the grant of the licence or the date as stated in the licence as commencement date; (ii) give notice to the Mining Commission on discovery of any mineral deposit of potential commercial value; and (iii) adhere to the prospecting programme which is attached to the licence and expend on prospecting operations not less than the amount prescribed.

An application for a prospecting licence is made to the Mining Commission and the licence, once granted, is valid for an initial term of four years. After the initial term, the licence is renewable for a further period of three years, with no option for renewal thereafter. Upon renewal, 50 percent of the area covered by the licence must be relinquished. A company applying for a prospecting licence must, amongst other things, state the financial and technical resources available to it. A prospecting licence is not freely transferable and requires the Mining Commission to register any transfer of a prospecting licence. The Mining Commission will refuse to register the transfer unless the transferee proves that it meets the financial and technical capability criteria required to apply for such licences. Holders of prospecting licences over a tenement will not automatically have first right to any mining licence granted over that tenement. However, in practice, they will be best positioned to meet the requirements to be granted a form of licence for mining.

Special mining licence

Mining is mainly carried out through either a mining licence or a special mining licence, both of which confer on the holder the exclusive right to conduct mining operations in or on the area covered by the licence. A special mining licence is granted for the shorter of either the estimated life of the ore body indicated in the feasibility study report or such period as the applicant may request. It is renewableThe holder of a special mining licence may apply for renewal of its licence at any time but no later than one year before the expiry of the licence and such renewal shall not be for a further period not exceeding the estimatedestimate life of the remaining ore body. Special



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mining licences have certain fiscal and other advantages over mining licences, as the holder of a special mining licence may enter into a mining development agreement with the Government of Tanzania to guarantee the fiscal stability of a long-term mining project and make special provision for the payment of royalties, taxes, fees and other fiscal imposts. A special mining licence holder may, in certain circumstances, unilaterally amend the programme of the mining operations agreed with the MEM.

The holder of a special mining licence may apply for renewal of its licence at any time but no later than one year before the expiry of the licence. The renewal shall not be for a period exceeding the estimate life of the remaining ore body. The Mining Commission may reject an application for renewal if: (i) the applicant is in default; (ii) the applicant was issued with a notice of default and failed to rectify the default or the default is capable of remedial; (iii) the development of the area has not proceeded with reasonable diligence as agreed in the relevant mining development agreement; (iv) minerals are not produced in workable quantities; (v) the program of intended mining operations for the renewal will not ensure proper development of resources; and (vi) the applicant does not have the relevant environmental certificate as required by the Environmental Management Act, 2004
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(No. 20). Except in the case of a special mining licence, a mineral right may be freely transferred by its holder (in whole or in part) to another person or entity without requiring consent from the Mining Commission which is the relevant licensing authority. The grant and assignment of a special mining licence generally requires the approval of the Cabinet after the Mining Commission has forwarded the application to the Minister of Minerals for further approval. There are limited exceptions to the requirement for the licensing authority’s consent (such as transfers to an affiliate company of the licence holder or to a financial institution or bank as security for any loan or guarantee in respect of mining operations).MC.

Tax laws relating to mining

Finance Act

TheCurrently, the main tax laws in Tanzania comprise the Finance Act, 2015 (No. 16), which came into force on 1 July 2015, and contains a provision for a 30 percent capital gains tax on the sale of shares by an offshore parent company. This provision was introduced by the Finance Act, 2012 (No. 8) and in this legislation, additional changes were also made to the procedure for payment of capital gains tax by the seller of shares. Tax at the rate of 30 percent is payable by way of an initial instalment of 20 percent on the transfer, based on the notional gain that the seller would make after a further instalment of the remaining 10 percent is due.

The Finance Act, 2017 (No. 4), which came into force on 1 July 2017, and both imposescurrently the Finance Act, 2022 (No. 5), which came into force on 1 July 2022. All tax laws impose and revisesrevise certain taxes, duties, levies and fees. It further amends certain written laws relating to the collection and management of public revenue. Among other provisions, it has introduced inspection or clearance fees on the exportation or domestic use of minerals.minerals were introduced. Such exportation or domestic use is restricted unless such minerals have been inspected or cleared at the mining areas, ports, airports, border or posts and the clearing fee of 1one percent of the gross value of the minerals has been paid by the exporter or any other person in possession thereof.

Value Added Tax Act Local government levies and environmental management fees and charges apply as well.

Effective 20 July 2017, the Value Added Tax Act, 2014 (No. 5) (VAT Act)(the “VAT Act”) was amended by the Written Laws (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act, 2017 (No. 7) in order to restrict VAT relief for VAT input tax paid by mining companies on goods and services. Prior to the enactment of this amendment to the VAT Act, mining companies were entitled to 100%100 percent VAT relief in respect of the goods and services they purchased. The amendment prohibits refunds for VAT input tax incurred on a series of raw products, including the exportation of “raw minerals”. Subsequently, the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA)(“TRA”) denied our applications for VAT input credit refunds, which amounted to a total of $139$153 million (after discounting provisions) as of 31 December 2020,2022, covering the period from July 2017 onwards, on the basis that all of the gold doré that we export constitutes “raw minerals” for purposes of the VAT Act. In response, the company filed formal notices of objection with the TRA stating that the exportation of gold doré is, in its view, not covered by the restriction since doré does not fall within the category of “raw minerals” as used in the VAT Act. On 22 February 2019, the Tanzania Mining Act was amended by the Written Laws (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act, 2019 (No. 2) to introduce a definition for “raw minerals” which supports our interpretation that gold doré is excluded from the prohibition. On 1 July 2020, the Finance Act, 2020 (No. 8), amended the VAT Act, without retrospective effect, in order to remove the restrictions on VAT input tax credits for the exportation of “raw minerals” as well as a series of other raw products. This recent amendment confirms the technical basis for VAT input tax recovery for mineral exporters from July 2020 onwards. VAT claims from July 2020 onwards are subject to verification procedures by the TRA before any refunds will be received. In 2022, the company was able to offset $45 million of verified VAT claims (from July 2020 onwards) against its corporate tax liability in Tanzania. Discussions with the TRA are ongoing to resolve our historical claims for VAT input credit refunds for the period from July 2017 to June 2020, while VAT claims from July 2020 onwards are subject to verification procedures by the TRA before any refunds will be received.2020.

Local Government Levies

As mentioned below, following the signature of an addendum to the mining development agreement, Geita gold mine is required to pay local government a service levy of 0.3 percent of its gross annual turnover in line with the Local Government Finances Act, 1982 (No. 9).

Environmental Management FeesNatural resources, export and Charges

The Environmental Management (Fees and Charges) (Amendment) Regulations, 2016 (EM Regulations), which came into effect on 2 May 2016, introduced new fees in relation to the review of the Environmental Impact Assessment on projects by the National Environmental Management Council (NEMC). According to the EM Regulations, the fees involved amount to 0.1 percent of the total project costs or the minimum amount of TZS 25 million (approximately $11,000). However, the EM Regulations have not defined the term “project cost” nor have they provided a detailed breakdown on the determination of the project cost.

Labour laws

On 15 September 2015, the Non-Citizens (Employment Regulation) Act, 2015 (No. 1) (Non-Citizens Act) came into force which vests powers concerning work permits with the Labour Commissioner. Therefore, non-citizens wishing to be employed in the country are required to apply and be granted a work permit before applying for a residence permit. Before granting the work permit, the Labour Commissioner must be satisfied that all efforts have been explored to acquire a local expert. Further, the
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company is required to submit a succession plan which sets out a well-articulated plan for the transfer of the non-citizen’s knowledge and expertise to Tanzanian citizens. Moreover, the Commissioner General of Immigration is required to take into consideration conditions of the work permit issued by the Labour Commissioner when granting a residence permit. In addition, the Non-Citizens Act introduced the Short-Term Permit (STP) which is granted to non-citizens who wish to work in the country for a period of not more than six months. Foreigners intending to work in Tanzania for more than three months are required to apply for an STP. The application for an STP is made to the Ministry of Labour and Employment.

Transparency and accountability laws

In 2015, the Tanzania Extractive Industries (Transparency and Accountability) Act, 2015 (No. 23) (TAA) came into force. The TAA establishes the Tanzania Extractive Industries (Transparency and Accountability) Committee (TAA Committee), an independent Government entity which is an oversight body for promoting and enhancing transparency and accountability in the extractive industry. The TAA Committee has powers under the TAA to impose obligations on specified extractive industries and statutory recipients to receive information on reconciliation on payments made and revenues received by the Government of Tanzania. In addition, an extractive industry is required under the TAA to submit to the TAA Committee annual reports containing information on local content and corporate social responsibility. The TAA also mandates that all concessions, contracts and licences are made public as well as all revenue collected from the extractive industry. Further implementing regulations require companies in the extractive industry to keep records of payments, beneficial ownership information, cost of production, exploration, prospecting, award or transfer of license, capital expenditure, volume of production and export date in respect of the granted licence.other rules

Natural resources legislation

The Government ofIn Tanzania, enacted two laws in respect of natural resources that came into force in July 2017: the Natural Wealth and Resources Contracts (Review and Re-negotiation of Unconscionable Terms) Act, 2017 (No. 6) (Unconscionable(the “Unconscionable Terms Act)Act”) and the Natural Wealth and Resources (Permanent Sovereignty) Act, 2017 (No. 5) (Permanent(the “Permanent Sovereignty ActAct” and together with the Unconscionable Terms Act, the Natural“Natural Resources laws)Laws”). InImplementing regulations were published in January 2020, it also published implementing regulations, including the Natural Wealth and Resources (Review and Re-negotiation of Unconscionable Terms) Regulations, 2020 and the Natural Wealth and Resources (Permanent Sovereignty) (Code of Conduct for Investors in Natural Wealth and Resources) Regulations, 2020.

The Natural Resources lawsLaws provide that Tanzania has sovereignty over its natural resources and require that all arrangements or agreements that relate to “natural wealth and resources” are subject to review by the National Assembly. Such agreements must fully secureAssembly to ensure that they are in the interests of the people of Tanzania. During a review all unconscionable terms as interpreted in accordance with the law are expunged from the agreement. The laws also require that new natural resources agreements are reviewed by the Government. The natural wealth and resources of Tanzania shall be inalienable and remain as the property of the people of Tanzania held in trust by the President.

In addition, under the laws, disputes over natural wealth and resources will not be subject to any proceedings in any foreign court or tribunal. As a result, investors are restricted from accessing international dispute resolution mechanisms. Accordingly, companies are now required to adopt Tanzanian law and local dispute resolution in all mining agreements. As such, all disputes will be handles by Tanzanian judicial bodies or any other Tanzania government body vested with powers to resolve disputes.

Moreover, every undertaking must demonstrate “guaranteed returns into the economy” from all earnings accrued or derived from such extraction, exploitation or acquisition and use. In addition, to ensure that the Government and the people of Tanzania obtain an equitable stake in the exploitation of mining resources, all project earnings must be retained in Tanzanian banks. Investors are also prevented from freely exporting raw minerals and repatriating funds.

Section 6 of the Unconscionable Terms Act specifically provides that where there is an unconscionable term, the National Assembly may pass a resolution for re-negotiation of the agreement whereupon the Government shall serve notice to the investor to re-negotiate the term or agreement. The Government and the particular investor have 90 days from the notice date to re-negotiate the term or agreement. This period can be extended if both parties consent. If both parties fail to revise the unconscionable term, the term will be deemed removed from the agreement.

A term is considered “unconscionable” under the Unconscionable Terms Act if, among other grounds, the requirements or provisions of the agreement restrict the right of the state to exercise authority over foreign investment within the country and in accordance with the laws of Tanzania, are inequitable and onerous to the state, secure preferential treatment designed to create a separate legal regime to be applied discriminatorily for the benefit of a particular investor, deprive the people of Tanzania of the economic benefits derived from subjecting natural wealth and resources to beneficiation in the country, or subject the state to the jurisdiction of foreign laws and foreign courts or tribunals.

Tanzania Shipping Agencies Corporation

In February 2019, the Tanzania Shipping Agencies Corporation (TASAC) issued a public notice informing the general public that, effective 4 March 2019, all clearing and forwarding services relating to import and export of goods and items as specified under



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section 7(1)(a)State participation

On 23 September 2022, the Mining (State Participation) Regulations, 2022 (the “SPR 2022”) came into force. The SPR 2022 required every mining licence or special mining licence holder to give notice to the MC to initiate negotiations to enable the Government of Tanzania to acquire a shareholding in the mining operation by 23 December 2022. On 9 December 2022, the company notified the MC that it had already initiated negotiations with the Government of Tanzania prior to the coming into force of the Tanzania Shipping Agencies Act, 2017 (No. 14), which include minerals, mineral concentratesSPR 2022. The Government’s equity interest must consist of a non-dilutable free-carried interest in the mining operation ranging between 16 percent and products50 percent depending, in part, on the quantification of tax expenditures enjoyed by the mining entity during its establishment and extracts relatedon the extent of Government development of public infrastructure servicing the mining operation. The free-carried interest shares (the “FCI shares”) will be regarded as preferred shares and will entitle the Government to minerals, shall exclusively be handled by TASAC. Concerned abouta dividend. Further, the impact on their operations,FCI shares give the Government the right to appoint two directors (out of five) of the company engaged in the mining companies as well as other interested parties lodged an appealoperation and the right to approve at least two suitable persons to the Minister of Transportation. As a result, the effective datetop executive management of the notice was delayedcompany engaged in the mining operation as may be agreed in the shareholders agreement. Any other management positions created by the company engaged in the mining operation shall be shared with the Government on a ratio of 3:1. The SPR 2022 also provides for the non-deductibility of royalty payments in the calculation of corporate income tax.

Local participation policy

On 15 September 2015, the Non-Citizens (Employment Regulation) Act, 2015 (No. 1) (the “Non-Citizens Act”) came into force which vests powers concerning work permits with the Labour Commissioner. Therefore, non-citizens wishing to be employed in the country are required to apply and be granted a work permit before applying for a residence permit. Before granting the work permit, the Labour Commissioner must be satisfied that all efforts have been explored to acquire a local expert. Further, the company is required to submit a succession plan to both the Labour Commissioner and the impositionMC which sets out a well-articulated plan for the transfer of prescribed fees was suspended, while TASAC continuedthe non-citizen’s knowledge and expertise to provide servicesTanzanian citizens. Moreover, the Commissioner General of Immigration is required to its clients. take into consideration conditions of the work permit issued by the Labour Commissioner when granting a residence permit.

The Tanzania Investment Act No. 10 of 2022

On 5 February 2021,2 December 2022, the Tanzania Investment Act, 2022 (No. 10) (the “Investment Act”) came into force. The Investment Act restores the right to international arbitration and grants foreign investors access to settle disputes with the Tanzania Investment Centre or the Government publishedof Tanzania through arbitration. Pursuant to the Tanzania Shipping Agencies (Shipping Business Fees, Charges and Commission) Order inInvestment Act, parties to a dispute may agree to the Government Gazette through Government Notice No. 181use of 2021, which reduced the prescribed fees and eliminates certain other charges for the clearing and forwarding services provided by TASAC, including in connection with the handling of the company’s export of gold bullion and import of certain goods.a local or foreign arbitration venue.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The Geita gold mine is located in the Lake Victoria goldfields of the Mwanza region of Tanzania. AngloGold Ashanti has concluded a mining development agreement with the Ministry of Minerals on 24 June 1999 and was issued a special mining licence (SML45/99) covering approximately 196 km2 for a period of 25 years, which expires on 26 August 2024.

The internal renewal process for the special mining licence (SML45/99) is underway with a view to submitting an application for renewal prior to its expiry date. On 9 October 2014, an addendum to the mining development agreement was entered into ratifying, the following changes:
•Anamong other matters, an increase in the royalty rate from 3three percent to 4four percent with effect from 1 May 2012;
•With effect from the financial year 2015, the capital allowance applicable to the unredeemed qualifying capital expenditure (15 percent per annum) referred to in section 18(a) of the Income Tax Act, 1973 (No. 33) shall no longer apply; and
•With effect from 1 July 2014, Geita Gold Mining Limited is liable to pay the Geita District Council Levy at a rate of 0.3 percent on turnover (no longer capped at USD 200,000 per annum as provided under Article 4 of the company’s mining development agreement).

2012. In March 2020, Geita Gold Mining Limited received the consent of the Minister of Minerals to change the mining method under its special mining licenselicence from open pit to underground method, subject to the requisite terms and conditions. Within the special mining licence area, there are also seven primary mining licences of approximately 0.63 km2 in total which belong to third parties. Furthermore, AngloGold Ashanti holds prospecting licences covering (i) an area of 120 km2 in the immediate vicinity of its special mining licence area, and (ii) an area of 690 km2 located in the Dodoma, Singida and Shinyanga regions, but none of these areas contain any Mineral Reserve. All licences are in good standing.


AUSTRALIA

General laws relating to mining

In Australia, with a few exceptions, all onshore minerals are owned by the Crown. The respective Minister for each state and territory is responsible for administering the relevant mining legislation enacted by the states and territories.

Native title legislation applies to certain mining tenements within Australia. Australia recognises and protects a form of native title that reflects the entitlement of Aboriginal people to their traditional lands in accordance with their traditional custom and laws. Should native title claims or determinations exist, certain native title processes and procedures will apply under the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) (Native(the “Native Title Act)Act”) before the tenure is granted. Tenure may be granted subject to conditions relating to native title rights. In the mining context, native title matters are managed as part of the tenement grant process. If disputes arise in relation to the grant of a particular tenement, they can be referred to the National Native Title Tribunal, established under the Native Title Act, for resolution. Native title legislation also provides a framework for compensation to be paid for acts that affect native title rights and interests. Ordinarily, the relevant Commonwealth or State government is liable to pay compensation for acts attributable to it. However, in the state of Western Australia, the Mining Act 1978 (WA) provides that an applicant for the grant of, or the holder of, a mining tenement is responsible for native title compensation, if determined to be payable, to native title holders.



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Federal, state and territory Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal heritage laws operate in parallel to the native title legislation. State and territory heritage laws exist predominantly for the purposes of managing the impact of developments on sites, objects and areas of heritage significance. In Western Australia, impacts to Aboriginal cultural heritage are regulated by the Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 (WA). However, this legislation will be repealed and replaced by the Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act 2021 (WA) (the “ACH Act”) which was enacted in 2021. The regulations, management code and various guidelines which underpin the ACH Act are being co-designed by the State government, traditional owners, industry and other stakeholders. The ACH Act will not become fully operational until the co-design process is complete in mid-2023 at the earliest. Where an area of heritage significance is placed on the national or world heritage registers, federal approval processes may also apply. To date, there has not been any significant impact on any of AngloGold Ashanti’s tenure due to native title or heritage legislation.legislation and, at this stage, it is not possible to predict any significant impact that may result in the future from the final regulations, management code and various guidelines under the ACH Act, once adopted.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operating properties are located in the state of Western Australia where tenure is issued under, and mining operations are governed by, the Mining Act 1978 (WA). The most common forms of tenure in Western Australia are exploration and prospecting licences, mining leases, miscellaneous licences and general purpose leases. In most Australian states, if the holder of an exploration licence establishes indications of an economic mineral deposit in the area covered by the exploration licence and complies with the conditions of the grant, the holder of the exploration licence has a priority right against all others to be granted a mining lease which gives the holder exclusive mining rights with respect to minerals on the property. In Western Australia, a general purpose lease may also be granted for one or more of a number of permitted purposes. These purposes include erecting, placing and operating machinery and plants in connection with mining operations, depositing or treating minerals or tailings and using the land for any other specified purpose directly connected with mining operations.

It is possible for an individual or entity to own an area of land (including for infrastructure purposes) and for another individual or entity to be granted the right to explore for or mine any minerals located on or under the surface of the same area. The maximum initial term of a mining lease in Western Australia is 21 years and the holder has the right to renew the lease for an additional 21
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years. Subsequent renewals are granted at the discretion of the respective state or territory’s minister responsible for mining rights. In Western Australia, mining leases can only be assigned with the prior written consent of the minister.

Tax laws relating to mining

Government royalties are payable by the holder of mining tenure in respect of minerals obtained from the relevant area of land at the rates specified in the relevant legislation in each state or territory. The royalty on gold production in Western Australia is payable quarterly at a fixed rate of 2.5 percent of the royalty value of gold metal produced. The royalty value is calculated by multiplying the amount of gold produced during a given month by the average gold spot price for that month. In addition, the holder of a mining tenement is required to pay annual rent in respect of the tenement. In Western Australia there is a minimum annual expenditure requirement for prospecting and exploration licences and mining leases. Exemptions from the expenditure requirement can be obtained if certain conditions are satisfied.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Mining tenements will be granted with endorsements and conditions relating to protection of the environment. Exploration and mining operations may also require separate approval from the state, territory or federal environment minister, which may require completion of an environmental impact assessment (including a public consultation period) pursuant to applicable environmental protection legislation prior to commencement. Further, a works 'construction' approval and an operating licence under the relevant environmental protection legislation in the state or territory may also be required for certain mine processing or mining-related operations. In Western Australia, legislation removing the distinction between “works approvals” and “licenses” is expected to enter into force in December 2023 such that, following the effective date, only a “license” will be required for “prescribed activities”, which include relevant works and operations on a mining lease, and not a separate “works approval”. Depending on the jurisdiction, further separate approvaladditional approvals may be required for the removal of native vegetation within the tenement, and the taking and use of water for exploration and mining operations.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

AngloGold Ashanti has been granted 21-year term mining leases with rights of renewal to all of its mining areas in Australia, including its proportionate share of joint venture operations and accordingly it has, together with its joint venture partners where applicable, the exclusive right to mine in those areas. Both the groupGroup and its joint venture partners are fully authorised to conduct operations in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. The mining leases and rights of renewal cover the current life-of-mine at AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Australia.

At Sunrise Dam, one mining lease (M39/1116) covers the deposit is now situated upon two mining leases covering approximatelyand mine infrastructure (approximately 7,808 hectareshectares) and another mining lease of(M39/1117) covers the water extraction infrastructure used to supply the operation with water (approximately 1,768 hectares contains related infrastructure.hectares). Both leases are currently in good standing, with expiry dates in 2038.

The Butcher Well joint venture has security of tenure for all current exploration licences and for the contiguous mining leases that covers its Mineral Resource. There are three mining leases: mining lease (M39/165) which covers 602.35 hectares with expiry date in 2030, mining lease (M39/166) which covers 990 hectares with expiry date in 2030 and mining lease (M39/230) which covers 446.4 hectares with expiry date in 2032.




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At Tropicana, the deposit is situated upon a single mining lease (M39/1096) covering approximately 27,228 hectares, which is currently in good standing, with an expiry date in 2036.

AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited is also conducting early stage exploration activities in Queensland under the Mineral Resources Act 1989 (QLD). AngloGold Ashanti holds 1315 exploration permits covering 358,700316,851 hectares. Each permit is granted with an initial term of five years, renewable for two further periods of not more than five years each.


AMERICAS

Argentina

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

Mining regime

The Argentinean Mining Code governs mining activity in the country. Special regimes exist for hydrocarbons and nuclear minerals. In the case of most minerals, the Argentinean Mining Code establishes that the owner of the land is not the owner of the mineral rights; these are held by the national or provincial governments (depending on the location of the minerals). The national or provincial government, as applicable, is required by the Argentinean Mining Code to grant whomever discovers a new mine title to the mining concession.

The Argentinean Mining Code regulates exploration permits andas well as mining concessions.concessions, or exploitation rights. Exploration permits grant their holders exclusivity rights to any mineral discoveries, including those made by a third party within the exploration area covered by the permit. Exploration permits are limited in time and as to the extent of the exploration area, are subject to the payment of a single-time fee, and also require a minimum exploration work programme and schedule to keep the permit in force.

The Argentinean Mining Code also regulates mining concessions, or exploitation rights. Priority for receiving a mining concession is given to the registered discoverer of the mine, which holds the exploration permit. Once the application for a mine has been submitted, the applicant may commence works and must submit a legal survey of the units requested for the new mine. The application and the legal survey may be opposed by third parties following specific proceedings set forth in the
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Argentinean Mining Code. Approval and registration of the legal survey by the provincial mining authority constitutes formal title to the mining concession.

Holders of mining concessions must comply with three main conditions: payment of an annual fee, investment of a minimum amount of capital, and the carrying out of a reasonable level of exploitation. Failure to do so could lead to forfeiture of the mining concession, which would then revert back to the Province.

In addition to the Argentinean Mining Code, between 1993 and 1995, Argentina implemented several federal laws to offer foreign companies attractive incentives for exploration and mining in Argentina, the Mining Investment Law (Law No. 24, 196), as amended (Mining(the “Mining Investment Law)Law”), and related legal provisions being the most important one. Such incentives include, amongst others,among other matters, import duty exemptions, accelerated depreciation of fixed assets, a three percent cap on provincial royalties set at pit-head value on the mineral extracted, value added tax refunds for exploration-related expenses incurred by companies registered under the Mining Investment Law, and, subject to the filing of a feasibility study for the relevant mining project, a 30-year stability as to the tax burden on the project and the customs and foreign exchange regimes and duties. Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (CVSA)(“CVSA”) obtained its tax, customs and foreign exchange stability certificate in 1996.

Glacier Law

On 30 September 2010, the National Law on Minimum Requirements for the Protection of Glaciers (Law No. 26, 639) (Glacier Law)(the “Glacier Law”) was enacted in Argentina, banning new mining exploration and exploitation activities on glaciers and “peri-glacial” areas. The Glacier Law also subjects on-going mining activities in those areas to an environmental audit. If such audit results in material impacts on glaciers and “peri-glacial” areas, the relevant authority is empowered to take action, including suspension or relocation of the activity. The Glacier Law establishes a broad definition of “peri-glacial” areas that, together with glacial areas, must be surveyed by an existing national government agency specifically appointed to this end every five years. The area where the Cerro Vanguardia project is located does not include any glaciers or peri-glacial areas according to the inventory of glaciers which was published in June 2018. The constitutionality of the Glacier Law has been challenged by some mining companies along with the Province of San Juan (which hosts large mining projects), but the National Supreme Court of Justice of Argentina rejected these claims on 4 June 2019.

Rural Land Law

On 27 December 2011, the Argentinean National Congress passed a law on the Regime for Protection of National Domain over Ownership, Possession or Tenure of Rural Land (Law No. 26, 737) (Rural(the “Rural Land Law)Law”) which implemented a set of rules restricting the ownership of rural land by foreigners (including foreign individuals or any kind of legal entity controlled by foreign individuals or legal entities). The main restrictions are as follows: (i) foreigners cannot own in the aggregate more than 15 percent of the entire rural land of Argentina, the same cap being applicable to each Province and Municipality; (ii) foreigners will not be allowed to purchase more than 1,000 hectares in the so-called “zona núcleo”, which comprises the main agricultural areas of central Argentina or an “equivalent” surface depending on the location of the land and its productive potential; and (iii) foreigners will not be allowed to buy land that contains, or is adjacent to, relevant and permanent water bodies (such as rivers and lakes). Although exploration permits and mining concessions are not the subject matter of the restrictions placed by the Rural Land Law, certain rights granted to foreign mining companies under the Argentinean Mining Code may be restricted by this



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new law. For example, the right that holders of mining concessions currently have to force the surface owner to sell the land to the holder of the mining concession might be restricted if the concession holder is a foreign individual or a legal entity controlled by foreigners.

Federal Mining Agreement

On 13 June 2017, the national government and the provinces in whose territories the main mining projects of Argentina are located, signed the New Federal Mining Agreement (FMA)(“FMA”). The purpose of the FMA is, amongst other things, to increase provincial revenues from the mining industry by creating legal entities owned by provincial governments that would work in association with private mining companies. This scheme is not new in Argentina and it has been used by some provincial governments, amongst them the Santa Cruz Province (through Fomicruz), in which the Cerro Vanguardia project is located. The FMA also contemplates other forms of revenues such as the formation of special trusts to be funded by mining companies in order to finance education, health and other programmes. Additionally, the FMA included setting forth mining royalties up to three percent of the gross value of commercialised minerals, without any deductions other than VAT. As the FMA has not yet been converted into law by the National Congress, its provisions are neither binding nor enforceable.

In Argentina, the current regulatory regime of royalty payments is expected to change and several different options and payment thresholds have been discussed. In December 2012, the Santa Cruz Province changed the mining royalty from one percent to three percent calculated at pit-head value of the mineral extracted thus bringing it to the cap of the Mining Investment Law.

Foreign exchange control regimeand export rules

Foreign exchange controls

On 1 September 2019, by means of Executive Decree No. 609/2019 (Decree)(the “Export Controls Decree”), the Argentinean national government reinstated foreign exchange and export controls. The Export Controls Decree and related regulations of the Central Bank of Argentina impose, among other
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measures, the obligation of Argentinean residents to transfer to Argentina and/or sell for Argentinean pesos in the Argentinean foreign exchange market (mercado(mercado de cambios)cambios) the countervalue (contravalor)(contravalor) from their exports of goods within a specified time period. This period depends on the goods exported and the relationship between the Argentinean exporter and the foreign importer and ranges from 15 to 365 calendar days counted as of the date on which the Argentinean customs authorities certify the shipment to the export destination. Regardless of the applicable maximum term, the proceeds from the export must be transferred and sold in the Argentinean foreign exchange market no later than five business days from the date of collection.

The export of goods is regulated by Communication “A” 6882 ofthe Consolidated Text on “Foreign Trade and Exchange” issued by the Argentinean Central Bank (as modified)amended from time to time) which establishes the specific regulatory requirements in order to implement the measures adopted by the national government in this area. In accordance with these Central Bank regulations, the exporter shall select a financial institution to track each export transaction through the SECOEXPO (Seguimiento de las negociaciones de divisas por exportaciones de bienes) tracking system which is administered by the Argentinean Central Bank. The selected financial institution must determine the amount and deadline to settle the export proceeds and shall register the amounts allocated to each export transaction in the tracking system. Upon the expiration of the applicable term to transfer and sell the export proceeds, the designated financial institution must inform the Argentinean Central Bank, through the SECOEXPO tracking system, if the exporter has complied with its obligations or not.

As a general rule, priorPrior approval of the Argentinean Central Bank is generally required to access the foreign exchange market for transactions relating to the outflow of funds, except in certain circumstances. For example, no prior approval is required when all holdings in foreign currency in Argentina are deposited in accounts with financial institutions

In October 2022, the Argentinean national government implemented the Argentinean System of Imports (Sistema de Importaciones de la República Argentina) (“SIRA”) and the amountArgentinean System of “liquid external assets” available atImports and Foreign Payments of Services (Sistema de Importaciones de la República Argentina y Pagos de Servicios al Exterior). Importers must obtain a SIRA approval in the beginningform of a SIRA certificate for the day in whichimport of goods and to access to the foreign exchange market is effected is lower than the equivalent of $100,000. “Liquid external assets” include, among others: holdings of foreign currency bills and coins, coined or good delivery gold, demand deposits in foreign financial institutions and other investments which allow for immediate liquidity in foreign currency (such as investments in foreign government securities, funds in investment accounts held abroad, crypto-assets, funds in payment service providers, etc.). Reserve or guarantee funds created under financing transactions or derivatives transactions entered into abroad are not considered liquid external assets. There are also certain circumstances in which the $100,000 limit will not be considered to have been exceeded. Furthermore, the Argentinean Central Bank is not required to give prior approval when a commitment is given to settle through the foreign exchange market, within five business days of their availability, any funds received abroad as collection of (i) loans granted to third parties, (ii) term deposits, or (iii) the sale of any kind of asset, when each of such had been granted, created or purchased after 28 May 2020. In addition, no prior approval is required when the client files an affidavit stating that: (i) as of the date on which access to the foreign exchange market is requested it has not sold securities against foreign currency in Argentina or transferred such securities to depository entities abroad in the past 90 calendar days, and (ii) undertakes not to arrange sales of securities against foreign currency in Argentina or transfers thereof to depository entities abroad from the moment it requires access and for the subsequent 90 calendar days.

From 30 December 2020 until 31 March 2021, prior approval from the Argentinean Central Bank is not required for payments in connection with the import of goods ifgoods. Additionally, from 1 January 2023, Argentinean residents, such as CVSA, must comply with certain conditions are satisfied. To qualify, the financial entity should hold an affidavit from its client stating that the total amount of payments associated with its imports of goods made throughsupplementary provisions in order to access the foreign exchange market as from 1 January 2020, including the intended payment, does not exceed by more than $1 million the amount resulting from the following sum:

•The amount for which the importer would have access to the foreign exchange market when calculating imports of goods under the SEPAIMPO (Sistema de seguimiento de pagos de importaciones) monitoring system and that were made official between 1 January 2020 and the daywithout prior to accessing the foreign exchange market; plus

•The amount of deferred or on-demand payment of imports of goodsapproval of the following transactions not included in the previous point: (i) operations shipped as from 1 July 2020 or previously shipped that have not arrived in Argentina before that date, (ii) aimed to cancel commercial debts with export credit agencies, foreign financial entities or guarantees thereof, (iii) made by the public sector, business organizations where the Argentinean government has majority participation or public trusts, (iv) with pending customs registration of supply of critical medicines, and (v) purchase of kits for the detection of COVID-19; minus

•The amount pending to be regularised for repayment of imports with pending customs registration made between 1 September 2019 and 31 December 2019.Central Bank, unless an exception applies.

CVSA had a cash balance of $137equivalent to $116 million equivalent as at 31 December 2020, of which $50 million2022. The cash balance is currently eligibleavailable to be paid to AngloGold Ashanti’s offshore ($105 million (equivalent)) and onshore ($15 million (equivalent)) investment holding companies in the form of declared as dividends. Application hasApplications have been made to the Argentinean Central Bank to approve $11 millionthe purchase of this eligible amountU.S. dollars in order to be paiddistribute offshore dividends related to the company, however, approval2019, 2020 and 2021 financial years of $105 million (equivalent) to AngloGold Ashanti. Also, under a special regime established for dividend payments, a new petition to distribute a portion of the offshore dividends applied for, in the amount of $54 million (equivalent), was submitted to the Argentinean Central Bank during the third quarter of 2022. In December 2022, the Argentinean Central Bank approved, based on the applications submitted under this special regime, the payment of $17 million (equivalent) to AngloGold Ashanti. As a result, during 2022, AngloGold Ashanti received offshore dividends from CVSA in a total amount of $17 million (net of withholding taxes) paid in U.S. dollars. While the remaining approvals are pending, the cash remains pending. The cash is fully available for CVSA’s operational and exploration requirements.

Export duties

On 21 December 2019, the National Law on Social Solidarity and Productive Reactivation (Law No. 27, 541) (Solidarity Law)(the “Solidarity Law”) was enacted. The Solidarity Law grantsgranted the national government power until 31 December 2021 to impose export duties which may not exceed certain caps. For example, the Solidarity Law provides that export duties on mining exports cannot exceed eight percent of the taxable value or official FOB price. On 2 October 2020, the national government published Decree No. 785/2020
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(Export (the “Export Duties Decree)Decree”) which sets an export duty rate of eight percent for certain goods, including doré bars and gold alloys. The Export Duties Decree will be applicable until 31 December 2021alloys, and revokesrevoked the provisions of Decree No. 793/2018 which had previously set the export duty at 12 percent ad valorem. While the Export Duties Decree was set to expire at the end of 2021, on 31 December 2021, the national government published Decree No. 908/2021, extending the deadline of export duties on certain goods, including doré bars and gold alloys, until 31 December 2023. It is uncertain whether the national government is empowered to extend such deadline beyond the date set forth in the Solidarity Law. These export duties, if not compensated with other tax reductions, affect the tax stability guarantee granted to CVSA in 1996 in light of the fact that at the time export duties were zero percent.



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On 26 February 2019, the Argentinean tax and mining authorities published a resolution (RC 4428/2019) establishing an administrative procedure to be followed in order to obtain the reimbursement or compensation of federal taxes paid in excess of the total tax burden provided for by the applicable tax stability guarantee.guarantee (the “2019 Procedure”). CVSA initiated this new procedure in orderthe 2019 Procedure to claim compensation for the export duties it paid in 2018, 2019 and 20192020 as export duties are not contemplated by its tax stability guarantee. Prior to the publication of RC 4428/2019, CVSA had already submitted to the tax authorities claims for reimbursement of the export duties it paid from 2008 to 2015.

Pursuant to the new administrative procedure,2019 Procedure, the National Mining Secretariat issued a favorable opinionopinions regarding CVSA’s claimclaims in respect of fiscal yearyears 2018 and 2019, which amounted to approximately $4.0$2.0 million and $6.3 million, respectively, as of 31 December 2020. This claim is2022. These claims are currently under review by the relevant customs authorities. On 14 July 2021, CVSA submitted its claim in respect of fiscal year 2020, which amounted to approximately $12.4 million as of 31 December 2022. The National Mining SecretariatSecretary has not yet issued an opinion in respect of CVSA’s claim in respect of fiscal year 2019, which amounted to approximately $12.3 million as of 31 December 2020.regarding this claim.

Furthermore, CVSA has requested the tax authorities to apply the procedure provided for in RC 4428/2019 Procedure in respect of its historical claims for fiscal years 2008 to 2015 during which the imposition of export duties also exceeded CVSA’s total tax burden under its tax stability guarantee. However, these claims, which amounted to approximately $6.1$3.1 million as of 31 December 2020,2022, are still being reviewed under the rules to challenge export duties instead of the new procedure provided for in RC 4428/2019.2019 Procedure. CVSA has appealed the application of those rules and a decision on this issue is pending.

On 9 June 2022, the Argentinean tax and mining authorities published a resolution (RC 5205/2022) establishing a new administrative procedure to be followed to obtain the reimbursement or compensation of federal taxes paid in excess of the total tax burden provided for by the applicable tax stability guarantee (the “2022 Procedure”). This 2022 Procedure replaces the 2019 Procedure established by RC 4428/2019. On 20 September 2022, CVSA submitted its claim for compensation for the export duties in respect of fiscal year 2021, which amounted to approximately $11.2 million as of 31 December 2022, pursuant to the 2022 Procedure. This claim is currently under review by the National Mining Secretary.

In total, AngloGold Ashanti’s net export duty receivables (after discounting provisions) in Argentina amounted to $9 million as of 31 December 2022.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Any mining company wishing to commence or modify any mining-related activity, as defined by the Argentinean Mining Code, including prospecting, exploration, exploitation, development, preparation, extraction, and storage of mineral substances, as well as property abandonment or mine closure activity, is required to prepare and submit to the competent provincial environmental authority an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)(“EIA”) prior to commencing the work. Each EIA is required to describe the nature of the proposed work, its potential risk to the environment, and the measures that will be taken to mitigate that risk. If accepted by the competent authority, the EIA is used as the basis to create a Declaration of Environmental Impact (DEI)(“DEI”) to which the mining company is required to adhere during the mining-related activity at issue. The DEI is required to be updated at least on a biannual basis. Sanctions and penalties for non-compliance with the DEI are outlined in the Environmental Protection section of the Argentinean Mining Code, and may include warnings, fines, suspension of quality certifications, restoration ofobligations to restore the environment, temporary or permanent closure of activities, and withdrawal of authorisation to conduct mining-related activities.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

In the caseThe mining concession holder of Cerro Vanguardia, AngloGold Ashanti’sthe Company’s operation in Argentina, the mining concession holder is AngloGold Ashanti’s partner, Fomento Minero de Santa Cruz S.E. (Fomicruz).(“Fomicruz”), which is wholly owned by the Santa Cruz Province. On 27 December 1996, Fomicruz entered into a usufruct agreement whereby CVSA was granted an irrevocable right to exploit the Cerro Vanguardia deposit (encompassing an area of approximately 543 km2) for a 40-year period,period. The mining licence (402642/CV/97), which covers the full Mineral Reserve, expires on 26 December 2036. CVSA is a corporation incorporated in Argentina indirectly controlled by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5 percent), with Fomicruz as minority shareholder.shareholder (7.5 percent). On 14 August 1996, CVSA obtained its tax, customs and foreign exchange stability certificate, which expires in 2026.

Brazil

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

The Brazilian Constitution of 1934 states that, for purposes of exploration and exploitation, deposits and other Mineral Resources constitute property separate from the soil and belong to the Federal Union. Exploration and exploitation of such Mineral Resources may take place only with the Federal Union’s concession and in such a way as to protect the national interest. Federal law sets out penal and administrative sanctions for conduct and activities deemed harmful to the environment.

In Brazil, the National Mining Agency (ANM)(“ANM”) is the state body within the Mines and Energy Ministry (MME)(“MME”) that is responsible for: (i) the registration of mining titles, (ii) the grant of authorisations and concessions, (iii) the supervision of mining activities and mining titleholders, and (iv) the issuance of supplementary rules in relation to mining activity.




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Under the current Brazilian Mining Code, there are two kinds of mines: (i) claimstake mines (minas manifestadas)(minas manifestadas), for which rights were acquired before 1934 and exist independently of any mining licence or authorisation from the Federal Government and for which the Mineral Resources constitute property of the landowner, and (ii) granted mines, which are those that rely on grants from the Federal Government for mineral exploration or exploitation (pursuant to the Brazilian Constitution of 1988). AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Brazil consist of both claimstake mines and granted mines.

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Mining activities in granted mines must be performed in two defined stages: (i) exploration, which entails defining and evaluating the deposit and determining the feasibility of exploitation, and (ii) exploitation, which involves coordinating operations aimed at the industrial exploitation of the mineral deposit, from the extraction of useful minerals to their processing. Exploration authorisations issued by the ANM are valid for one to threefour years. ExtensionsOne extension can be obtained if necessary,automatically as long as it is justified. For more than one extension, the extension request will have to satisfy specific legal requirements. In contrast, exploitation rights, once granted, are valid for the lifetime of the deposit, provided the mining titleholder complies with all legal requirements. Pursuant to these requirements, for example, titleholders must (i) start work on mineral exploitation within six months from the date of publication of the Exploitation Concession, (ii) continue their mining activities until the mineral deposit has been exhausted, in accordance with the Economic Exploitation Plan (Plano(Plano de Aproveitamento Econômico)mico) approved by the ANM, and (iii) refrain from suspending mining activities without prior notice to the ANM.

Tax laws relating to mining

During the exploration period, the mining titleholder has to pay an Annual Rate per Hectare (Taxa(Taxa Annual por Hectare or TAH)“TAH”), subject to a maximum value set by law. In the exploitation period, regardless of the legal regime governing the project (whether claimstake or granted mines), the mining titleholder has to pay the Financial Compensation for Exploiting Mineral Resources (Compensaç(Compensação Financeira pela Exploração Mineral or CFEM)“CFEM”). The CFEM which is 1.5 percent for gold is currently calculated based on revenues.

At the end of 2011 and the beginning of 2012, the states of Minas Gerais, Pará, Amapá and Mato Grosso do Sul each created a new “inspection and control” tax (duty) on research, extraction and exploration activities as well as on the use of Mineral Resource carried out in those states. This tax could range from BRL3.00 to BRL6.50 per ton of ore extracted. In the state of Minas Gerais, gold ore isand silver ore are exempted from the collection of this new duty. At the end of 2020, the state of Goiás created a new “inspection and control” tax (duty) on research, extraction and exploration activities carried out in this state, at a rate of BRL10.38 per ton of ore sold, which currently still needs to be implemented. The constitutionality of these “inspection and control” taxes was upheld by the Supreme Court of Brazil on 1 August 2022.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Following the catastrophic failure of a tailings storage facility (TSF) operated(“TSF”) at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil in January 2019, executive, legislative and judiciary bodies, both at the federal and state levels, have generally increased scrutiny of mining operations in Brazil, and of TSFs in particular, and have been considering, and in some cases have adopted, stricter laws and regulations applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs in Brazil.

At the federal level, the ANM issued Resolution No. 13/19 in August 2019 (replacing its earlier Resolution No. 4/19) which adopted additional regulatory measures to ensure the stability of TSFs, in particular those built or heightened by the upstream method or by any method declared as “unknown”. Among other things, ANM Resolution No. 13/19 prohibits the upstream method for the construction or heightening of tailings dams throughout the national territory of Brazil. It further requires operators to cease all storage and disposal activities at TSFs (known as “deactivation” or “desativaç“desativação”o”) constructed or heightened upstream or by an “unknown” method by 15 September 2021 as well as to decommission such TSFs by 15 AugustSeptember 2022 to 15 September 2027 (depending on the capacity volume). ANM Resolution No. 13/19 does not require complete removal of tailings material from TSFs (a process known as “decharacterization” or “descaracterização”). As a result, the Serra Grande mine in the state of Goiás is in the process of reinforcing the dam walls of its upstream TSF in advance of its expected deactivation by 15 September 2021. To comply with the terms of ANM Resolution No. 13/19, the mine will also need to decommission the Serra Grande tailings dam in the state of Goiás must be decommissioned by 15 September 2025. The company has begunSerra Grande mine completed the process of transitioningreinforcing the dam walls of its upstream TSF, deactivating the TSF and migrating to dry-stacking operations, for tailings storage.each by the 15 September 2021 deadline.

Furthermore, Federal Law No. 14.066/20, adopted in SeptemberOctober 2020, also imposes requirements on companies to close and decommission upstream TSFs, including ourthe Serra Grande tailings dam, by 25 February 2022 (which date is earlier than required by ANM Resolution No. 13/19). However, Federal Law No. 14.066/20 does permit extensions of the compliance deadline, with the consent of the ANM based on the technical plan for decommissioning. NeitherSerra Grande submitted timely requests to obtain an extension of the compliance deadline until 2025 in line with the timeline set forth in ANM Resolution No. 13/19 nor Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires removal of all tailings material in connection withand presented its technical plan for decommissioning. On 26 May 2022, the decommissioning of TSFs. AngloGold Ashanti expects to transition to dry-stacking operations at Serra Grande in advance ofANM issued a technical note allowing the required closure deadline for the Serra Grande tailings dam.extension until 2025. With respect to downstream (or “centerline”) TSFs, Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires companies, to the extent that communities are located in the self-rescue zone of those TSFs, to implement one of the following measures for such structures: either (i) the structure must be deactivated and decommissioned, (ii) the population must be relocated, with reparations for loss of cultural heritage, or (iii) reinforcement works that guarantee the effective stability of the structure must be carried out, by decision of the public authorities, taking into account the previous nature of the dam in relation to the occupation and technical-financial viability of the alternatives. Even if reinforcement works are completed, deactivation and decommissioning of those TSFs will be required at the end of the life of the mine. All of the TSFs operated by AngloGold Ashanti in Brazil have communities located in self-rescue zones.




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As of 31 December 2022, AngloGold Ashanti expects to transitionhas fully transitioned to dry-stacking operations for tailings storage at each location in BrazilBrazil. Capital expenditures required in the near term and to decommission each of these dams in accordance with their closure plans. According to current estimates, capital expenditures in 2021 required2022 to implement this new technology amounted to approximately $83 million. Capital expenditures for work required to comply with TSF-related requirements during the period 2023-2025 are expected to be material but, based on preliminary estimates to date, AngloGold Ashanti anticipates that annual expenditures for each of these years will be less than in excessprior years and will decline over time. Neither ANM Resolution No. 13/19 nor Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires removal of $70 million.all tailings material in connection with the decommissioning of TSFs (a process known as “decharacterisation” or “descaracterização”).

At the state level, the state legislator in the state of Minas Gerais adopted Law No. 23.291/19 in February 2019 which containedcontains the state’s policy on TSF safety and should be implemented in conjunction with the equivalent federal policy. Among other things, Law No. 23.291/19 determines the criteria for licensing and inspecting TSF structures, prohibits TSFs constructed or heightened
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using the upstream method, establishes bond requirements and holds management liable for non-compliance with its provisions. The government of Minas Gerais adopted several decrees in furtherance of this legislation.

In addition, ANM Resolution No. 95/22, which became effective on 22 February 2022, effectively consolidates prior federal resolutions on TSFs, including ANM Resolution No. 13/19, and establishes new criteria for the operational management of TSF structures, changes the criteria related to the risk classification of TSF structures and emergency levels and sets new criteria for the suspension, embargo (order to stop operations) and interdiction of TSF activities. Operators of TSFs were mandated to conduct and submit risk assessments to the ANM by December 2022 and are required to update those risk assessments every two years. Operators are also required, on an annual basis, to obtain certifications from external consultants of the geotechnical stability of TSF structures and the adequacy of emergency response plans. In late 2022, tailings deposition was required to be suspended due to embargos at five of AngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Brazil pending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (Declaração de Conformidade e Operacionalidade (“DCO”)) as well as, at one such TSF, certification by external consultants of geotechnical stability (Declaração de Condição de Estabilidade (“DCE”)) consistent with the new standards. In addition, at the Calcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. Construction at the Calcinados TSF is expected to begin later in 2023, and the timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. Tailings deposition at the Calcinados TSF, as well as processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant, which services the Cuiabá mine complex, is suspended until additional buttressing of the Calcinados TSF impoundment is complete.

On 1 December 2022, the ANM published ANM Resolution No. 122/22, which relates to administrative sanctions for non-compliance with mining and dam safety regulations and which, in addition to significantly increasing the values of applicable fines and penalties, establishes procedures and parameters for available sanctions including seizures of ore, goods and equipment, suspension of mining activities, demolition of mine infrastructure and invalidation or cancellation of title and exploration licences.

Further amendments to the regulatory requirements in Brazil governing such TSFs and related dams are expected to implement certain provisions of Law No. 23.291/19 have not yet been issued.be adopted in 2023.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

At AGA Mineraçao, Cuiabá has a single mining concession (No. 000.323/1973) covering a total area of 3,662 hectares,hectares. In February 2022, two additional mining concessions for Cuiabá (Nos. 830.937/1979 and 831.027/1980) were published, which cover an additional area of 816.2 hectares. Lamego is covered by three geographically contiguous concessions totallyhas a single mining concession (No. 932.710/2017) covering a total area of 1,622 hectares andhectares. Córrego do Sítio is hosted by five geographically contiguous mining concessions (i.e., Nos. 930.556/2000, 930.181/2008, 830.129/1982, 833.472/2003 and 830.943/1979) covering a total area of 6,017 hectares. All of these are in good standing.

At Serra Grande, the companyCompany has interests in or agreements over 61,50025,719.94 hectares in Crixas Greentonethe Crixás greenstone belt, representing approximately 87 percent of the relevant tenements that correspond to all current exploration and mining activities. These have been held since 1987. The mining concessions include mining concession No. 002.286/1935 covering an area of 4,206.88 hectares, mining concession No. 960.658/1987 covering an area of 1,946.89 hectares, mining concession No. 860.746/2005 covering an area of 88.28 hectares, mining concession No. 862.103/1994 covering an area of 125.41 hectares and mining concession No. 804.366/1975 covering an area of 196.05 hectares.

All of the Company’s mining concessions in Brazil are currently active, in good legal and operational standing, and free of liabilities and/or major obligations. Brazilian mining concessions remain valid up to the depletion of the OreMineral Reserve and Mineral Resource pursuant to the Economic Exploitation Plan approved by the ANM and in accordance with the required environmental permits, and as a result do not have an explicit expiry datedate.
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Colombia

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

General regime

The Colombian Constitution declares that the sub-soil and the non-renewable natural resources located within the Colombian territory are the property of the Colombian State. The underlying principle of Colombian mining legislation for the granting of mining concession contracts over free areas is first in time, first in law. Mining activities are regulated by the Colombian Mining Code, Act 685, 2001.

The filing of an exploration and exploitation proposal triggers a right of preference to obtain rights over the targeted area, provided it is available. Such area cannot exceed 10,000 hectares. Upon receipt of a proposal, the relevant government agency determines whether another proposal or contract already governs the area. If there are no pre-existing claims, the government agency grants the applicant a “free area”.

With respect to land ownership, a mining concession in Colombia does not grant the rights over the surface required to develop a mining project. Therefore, in order to develop a mining project,, it is required to acquire and secure access to the land (soil). This can be achieved in several ways, such as (i) purchase of the land, (ii) a transit easement, (iii) a mining easement, and (iv) the special acquisition process or expropriation.

Concession contract

As the sub-soil and the non-renewable natural resources located within the Colombian territory are property of the Colombian State, the Colombian Mining Authority (Agencia Nacional de Minería) grants the authorizationauthorisation to explore and exploit minerals through a concession contract.

Such concessions allow concessionaires to conduct the studies, works and facilities necessary to establish the existence of minerals and to organise their exploitation. Upon being awarded a mining concession, a company must take out an insurance policy to cover the costs associated with potential environmental damage as well as breaches of its mining obligations. It may then proceed with exploration activities. Once the exploration phase is complete, the concessionaire files a new plan regarding proposed works and facilities. With the award of the mining concession or tenement contract, there are specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, e.g. exploration, construction, exploitation. The company must comply with these timelines unless performance is suspended, for example, due to force majeure or extensionsthese timelines are extended or modifications to the timelines.modified. A grant of force majeure is for one year and must be renewed on an annual basis. If the company does not comply with the specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, the mining authority may revoke the company's concession contracts or mining licenses.licences. As a general matter, any company that wishes to obtain a renewal of its concession contract must be up to date in all its legal and contractual obligations and must present a new plan of works and facilities to be implemented after the contract is renewed.renewed.

PINES programprogramme

In 2013,, the national government instituted the PINES programprogramme designed to aid promoting certain projects that are deemed to have a national interest. This designation provides for greater oversight from the national government. All of our three advanced exploration projects (La Colosa, Quebradona and Gramalote) were considered of national strategic interest. Currently, Quebradona and Gramalote remain in the PINES program,programme, but La Colosa was temporarily removed as such (until the force majeure is over).


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Tax laws relating to mining

From the moment the concession contract is registered with the Mining Register, the concessionaire has several financial obligations, including the payment of (i) a surface fee during the exploration, construction and assembly stage and (ii) royalties.

Once exploration is complete and the mining infrastructure in place, the concessionaire must begin paying royalties to the Colombian government, consisting of a percentage of the primary product and sub-products being exploited. The percentage of the royalty depends on the regulation in force when the concession contract is registered. In the case of the Quebradona project, the deposit mainly consists of copper followed by gold and silver. There is a 5five percent royalty for copper on the production value at the mine’s or well’s edge (i.e. when extracted from the subsoil). In case of gold and silver, a royalty of 4four percent on the production valued at the mine’s or well’s edge (i.e. when extracted from the subsoil) was established.

Furthermore, Colombian law establishes that once the environmental licenselicence is granted the concessionaire must invest 1one percent of the project’s value to benefit the basins covered by the environmental license.licence.







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Environmental laws relating to mining

In order to obtain an authorization fromauthorisation to carry out a mining project, a company must prepare an Environmental Impact Study (“EIA”) for approval by the National Environmental Licensing Authority of Colombia to carry out a project, the company must prepare an Environmental Impact Study (E.I.A.(Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales or “ANLA”) for approval by this authority.

. Global environmental licenseslicences are granted for the entire life of the project and cover all phases: construction, assembly, operation, maintenance, dismantling, final restoration, abandonment and/or termination. Construction and assembly permits (Plan de Trabajos y Obras or “PTO”) are granted by the mining authority with jurisdiction over the project.

AngloGold Ashanti’s core mining concession contracts provide thatIn Colombia, the mining authority has the discretion to declare the underlying concession void if the specific company which holds the concession breaches applicable environmental laws or regulations. If the mining authority were to exercise such discretion, against it, sucha company whose concession was voided would be required to abandon its projects and all of its other existing mining concession contracts. Pending proposals for new mining concession contracts would also be cancelled and the company would be banned from doing business with the Colombian government for a period of five years. As a result, the company would be unable to conduct any mining exploration or development activities during such period. However, this would not affect other AngloGold Ashanti subsidiaries of the company operating in Colombia, which holdif those concession contracts are held singularly or in concert with joint venture partners the majority of the company’s concession contracts in Colombia.partners.

There are some areas where miningMining activity is prohibited. These areas areprohibited in national parks, regional parks, protected forest reserves, paramos (included in Act 1753, introduced in 2015) and wetlands, pursuant to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance.Importance. Some forest reserves are not “protected” but are set aside for active forestry purposes. Such forest reserves must be “extracted” after initial prospection, meaning thatpurposes and the concessionaire must obtain a specific permit to partially and temporarily change the use of the soil before pursuing exploration activities. In addition, Resolution 187/1987/2016, passed by the national government in late 2016, identifies areas that the Ministry of the Environment has determined to be “paramos” areas, or paramos transition areas. In these areas there are limitations on industrial or commercial work being performed, including mining. The regulation also specifies a process to determine what work, if any, can be performed in a paramos-designated area.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The La Colosa project managed by AngloGold Ashanti Colombia S.A. (AGA Colombia)S.A.S. (“AGA Colombia”) remains in force majeure due to the delays in the granting of the environmental permits by thenational and local environmental authority,authorities, thereby preventing AGA Colombia from undertaking further exploration activities. The currentmost recent one-year grant of force majeure, during which time the specified timelines for completing the various phases of the mining project under the concession contract are suspended, will expire on 22 June 2021.2023. AGA Colombia applied for a mining area integration (consolidation) of its concession contracts related to La Colosa, in respect of which AGA Colombia was not in compliance with some of the specified timelines. The application for mining area integration (consolidation) was approved in March 2017, which remedied the non-compliance of each consolidated concession and reset the specified timelines. La Colosa now has a single integrated mining concession contract (EIG-163) which covers a total area of 9,210 hectares and expires on 28 February 2037.

Minera de Cobre Quebradona S.A.S. B.I.C. (MCQ)(“MCQ”) which manages the Quebradona project, obtained the integration of concession agreement 5881 in October 2016 and registered in December 2016. As a result, MCQ was granted the exclusive right to explore, take ownership and dispose of the mineral reserves (ore) extracted from the concession area. MCQ has the right to request an extension of up to 30 years, at least two years before the expiration of the operating period. This extension is not automatic, and the request must be filed with new technical, economic, environmental and social studies that demonstrate the status of the mineral resources. Currently, concessionConcession contract 5881 initially covered a total area of 7,593 hectares, which was reduced to 4,881.89 hectares by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia) on 4 March 2022. It will expire in May 2037 and is currently in its fifthseventh year of the integrated exploration phase. TheIn September 2021, the permits for the construction and mining operation are currently being assessedwere approved by the relevant mining authority (Secretarí(Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia). On 4 November 2021, ANLA officially notified AngloGold Ashanti of its decision to ‘archive’ the environmental licence application relating to the Quebradona project. ANLA has neither denied nor granted the licence, but deemed that the information provided by AngloGold Ashanti is not enough for this authority to take a substantive decision. On 18 November 2021, AngloGold Ashanti appealed the archiving decision in order to secure further details on the specific additional information ANLA requires to make a determination. ANLA denied the appeal on 29 April 2022 and the Nationalarchiving decision was confirmed. AngloGold Ashanti is in the process of preparing a new Environmental Licensing Authority of Colombia (ANLA) is reviewingImpact Assessment for the Quebradona project to submit to ANLA in connection with its environmental study.licence application.

The Gramalote project is organised as a joint ventureoperation between AngloGold Ashanti (through AGA Colombia Holdings Limited and AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc) and B2Gold (through B2Gold Corp. and Graminvest Ventures Limited). Gramalote Limited, a
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company incorporated under the laws of British Virgin Islands which is the legal vehicle operating the joint venture,operation, established a Colombian branch, Gramalote Colombia Limited (GCL)(“GCL”), to carry out activities in Colombia and obtain the mining concession contracts necessary to develop the Gramalote project. The Gramalote joint ventureoperation has been operated by B2Gold since January 2020. Pursuant to an integrated mining concession contract No. 14292, GCL was granted the exclusive right to explore, take ownership and dispose of the mineral reserves (ore) extracted from the concession area (which covers a total area of 8,720.71 hectares and includes the Gramalote and Monjas anomalies) until April 2043. GCL has the right to request an extension of the operating period for up to 20 years, and, if exercised, such request to extend must include new technical, economic, environmental and social studies that demonstrate the status of the mineral resources. Currently, concession contract



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No. 14292 is in the phase of construction and assembly, pending resettlement of communities and the formal start of construction activities. GCL has received an environmental licence granted by the National Environmental Licensing Authority of Colombia (ANLA)ANLA and permits for the construction and mining operation which were approved by the relevant mining authority (Secretarí(Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia).

 GCL also holds an exploration concession No. 4894 (which covers a total area of 2,279.32 hectares and includes the Trinidad anomaly) which expires in 2044 and an exploration concession No. QHQ-16081 (which covers a total area of 9.78 hectares) which expires in 2052. Following the completion of the feasibility study in the second half of 2022, AngloGold Ashanti and B2Gold determined that the Gramalote project does not meet their investment thresholds for development. Following a comprehensive review of the alternatives relating to the project, both joint operation parties commenced a joint sales process for the Gramalote project, which is currently ongoing.

United States of America (Nevada)

NevadaGeneral laws relating to mining and land ownership

General regime

Mineral and surface rights in the United States are owned by private parties, state governments or the federal government. The majority of land utilised for precious metals exploration, development and mining in the western United States is owned by the federal government, and often the state government will have an ownership interest in minerals, regardless of whether the state is the surface owner.government. The right to mine on such federal land in western states is governed by the U.S. General Mining Law of 1872, as amended (General(the “General Mining Law).Law”), as well as relevant state statutes and regulations. The General Mining Law allows mining claims (for mining and mining-related activities) on certain federal lands upon the discovery of a valuable mineral deposit andafter proper compliance with claim location and maintenance requirements.

In Nevada, AngloGold Ashanti (U.S.A.) Exploration Inc. is advancing the Silicon Project, located on federal lands covering an area of approximately 5,700 acres. Additionally, a further 1,414 mining claims (29,215 acres) are also being explored. On these lands, AngloGold Ashanti (U.S.A.) Exploration Inc. is currently engaged in early-stage exploration activities that include, but are not limited to, geological and spectral mapping, surface geochemical sampling, geophysical surveying and RC and/or diamond drilling.

Mineral exploration activities in Nevada are also generally subject to applicable federal, state, and local permitting requirements, but the specific regulatory authorizationsauthorisations required for the company’s activities are based on the nature and location of the exploratory work. Many of AngloGold Ashanti (U.S.A.) Exploration Inc.’sthe company’s Nevada operations are currently conducted under what is generally referred to under federal law as a notice-level operation subject to 43 CFR § 3809.21. The3809.21, while projects that are more advanced require additional permitting, including a Plan of Operations approved by the federal Bureau of Land Management (BLM) issued a Notice(“BLM”). The State of Decision for the Silicon Project approving the proposed exploration operations on 1 November 2017. Four amendments to the NoticeNevada Division of Decision have been authorized by the BLM in letters dated 31 January 2018, 2 April 2018, 4 October 2018, and 4 March 2020.

AngloGold Ashanti (U.S.A.) Exploration Inc. has completed a subsequent permitting process for the Silicon Project to increase the exploration activities beyond the 5-acre notice level under federal and state law. This process was initiated in 2019 with the completion and submission of the required environmental baseline studies and the submission of a Plan of Operations and Reclamation Plan to the BLM and the state of NevadaEnvironmental Protection’s Bureau of Mining Regulation and Reclamation (BMRR). In April 2020, the BLM published for public comment an environmental assessment for the Silicon Project as part of the subsequent permitting process. The comment period for the environmental assessment closed on 5 June 2020. On 24 July 2020, the BLM issued a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) and Record of Decision approving the Plan of Operations and Reclamation Plan, subject to certain bonding requirements. On 31 July 2020, the BMRR also approved the Plan of Operations and Reclamation Plan and issued Reclamation Permit 0404. AngloGold Ashanti North America Inc., the owner of the Silicon Project, has subsequently increased its reclamation bond to $615,302. On 17 August 2020, Basin and Range Watch, Western Watersheds Project and Great Basin Resource Watch, three local opponents to the Silicon Project, filed a Notice of Appeal regarding the BLM’s FONSI and Record of Decision. The company is not required to suspend project work while the appeal is being considered. The aforementioned Notice of Decision for the Silicon Project and its four amendments are now part of the Silicon Project Plan of Operations.

The BLM issued a Notice of Decision for the Rhyolite North Project approving the proposed exploration operations on 14 January 2020. The Rhyolite North Project, situated within the Nye County of south-western Nevada, is wholly owned by AngloGold Ashanti North America Inc. It is an early-stage exploration project managed by AngloGold Ashanti (U.S.A.(“BMRR”) Exploration Inc. and is currently comprised of 237 unpatented mining claims.

The BLM issued a Notice of Decision for the Transvaal Project approving the proposed exploration operations on 19 October 2020. The Transvaal Project, situated within the Nye County of south-western Nevada, is wholly owned by AngloGold Ashanti North America Inc. It is an early-stage exploration project managed by AngloGold Ashanti (U.S.A.) Exploration Inc. and is currently comprised of 505 unpatented mining claims.

Although BMRR also regulates mining within the state of Nevada,Nevada. However, exploration projects of 5five acres or less on federal land, the scope of a notice-level operation under federal law, are exempt from BMRR regulation. AngloGold Ashanti’s current Rhyolite North and TransvaalCertain of the company’s early-stage exploration programsactivities fall within this exemption.

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In addition, AngloGold Ashanti (U.S.A.) Exploration Inc. intends to conductThe company is currently engaged in exploration activities on four new projects in western Nevada. Those projectscertain of its unpatented claims that include, Midnight Star (553 claims; 11,425.62 acres), Admiral (686 claims; 14,173.55 acres), Atlantis (613 claims; 12,665.29 acres)but are not limited to, geological and Caspa (269 claims; 5,557.85 acres), totalling 2,121 new claims for 43,822.31 acres. These projects will be subject to the same regulatory requirements as our current projects in Nevada.

Minnesota

In Minnesota, AngloGold Ashanti Minnesota Inc. completed early-stage reconnaissance exploration activities to determine the potential for gold mineralization in the northern counties of Minnesota. Based on the achieved results, the company has decided to terminate its exploration activities in the statespectral mapping, surface geochemical sampling, geophysical surveying and has closed out activities in accordance with state and company requirements.RC and/or diamond drilling.

Potential regulatory changes

Over the years, the U.S. Congress has considered a number of proposed amendments to the General Mining Law and other federal statutes relating to mining. Among the significant features contained in previously proposed legislation were a production royalty obligation, new and more stringent environmental standards and conditions, additional reclamation requirements, extensive new procedural steps which would likely result in extended permitting timelines, and granting counties and other entities the ability to petition the U.S. Secretary of the Interior to make certain areas unavailable for the location of unpatented mining claims. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has also proposed potential revisions to financial assurance requirements relating to mineral development activities. In June 2020, former President Trump signed an executive order directing certain federal agencies to streamline the review processes associated with permitting of infrastructure and natural resources projects. Many of those policies have subsequently been rescinded by the Biden administration. While thiscertain other executive orderorders may favorably affect the timing of our permit and project approvals, itsthe impact is yet to be determined and remains uncertain.

There are a number of bills being proposed to the Nevada state legislature during the 2023 legislative session that could impact the company’s planned operations. These include proposed legislation that would alter the way water rights are administered by the state, as well as a bill that would, if enacted, impose additional requirements for environmental review of mineral development projects in Nevada. At this stage, it is not possible to evaluate whether these bills will be enacted in any form by the Nevada state legislature or, if passed, what impact any might have on AGA.

AGA is currently unaware of any other new federal or state legislative or regulatory changes or rule-making that has been proposed or enacted that would adversely affect its current exploration programs.programmes. If any requirements, standards or conditions were adopted in the future that imposed additional or new obligations or costs on AGA in connection with our exploration or extraction activities in the United States, the company’s operations in Nevada could be adversely affected.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

In Nevada, the company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries hold a significant number of unpatented mining claims on federal lands. The Silicon project consists of approximately 950 unpatented mining claims. The North Bullfrog project consists of 45 patented and approximately 1,600 unpatented mining claims (covering approximately 32,000 acres) situated in the Bullfrog mining district. There are also nine mining leases within the North Bullfrog project the majority of which continue in perpetuity so long as the company meets certain minimal requirements for use of the land. One mining lease is scheduled to expire in 2031. The Mother



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Lode project consists of 13 unpatented mining claims. The North Bullfrog and Mother Lode projects are now controlled by the company as a result of its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Corvus Gold Inc., which closed on 18 January 2022. The southern claim block, encompassing the Sterling mine and other properties in the same general area, consists of approximately 1,900 unpatented claims (covering approximately 35,000 acres), which are now controlled by the company as a result of its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Coeur Sterling, Inc. (a subsidiary of Coeur Mining, Inc.), which closed on 4 November 2022. As a result of this acquisition, the company now controls a past-producing mine site in southern Nevada known as the Sterling mine, which has one applicable mining lease that expires in 2029, with the option to extend the lease for an additional ten-year period. Although the Sterling mine is currently in care and maintenance status, it remains subject to complex permitting and regulatory requirements, including compliance with relevant provisions of the U.S. Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 and oversight by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”).

MINE SITE REHABILITATION AND CLOSURE

Closure, an integral part of operations

All mining operations eventually cease. An integral aspect of operating AngloGold Ashanti’s mines is ongoing planning for site closure and, where feasible, implementation of concurrent rehabilitation, together with an estimate of associated liability costs and the placement of adequate financial provisions and assurances to cover these costs.

AngloGold Ashanti revised its groupintegrates mine closure planning management standard in 2013 and all of its operations are required to comply with the standard, as well as applicable law and regulations, as their closure plans are reviewed and updated.

Closure planning is an activity that starts at the exploration and mine design stage and continues throughout the mine life of mine:cycle as follows:
•New projects includeExploration stage: developing a plan and programme for cessation and closure plan which takes into account futureof exploration activities in a manner that meets local laws and AngloGold Ashanti's mine closure and associated rehabilitation and other costs.planning standard.
•TheProject phase: developing conceptual closure plans and cost estimates for all projects and including them in project feasibility studies, designs and evaluations.
•Operational phase: developing and periodically updating mine closure plans and cost estimates with increasing levels of detail and confidence over the operational phase as part of the business planning process. Closure plan is reviewed annually and updated every three years (annually in the final three years of a mine’s life) or whenever significant changes are made, takingupdates take into account operational conditions, planning and regulatory requirements international protocols, technological developments andas well as advances in practice.

For many oftechnology and international industry good practice (e.g., the older mines, closure planning and the evaluation of environmental liabilities is a complex process. This is particularly so in Brazil and Ghana, where many of the mining and other operations have taken place for more than fifty years. A particular challenge is concurrentICMM Integrated Mine Closure Good Practice Guide). Concurrent rehabilitation, which is carried out while a mine is still operational. Thisoperational, is a good practice that serves to decrease the ultimate liability and reduces the final rehabilitation and closure work that must be undertaken, but has the potential to sterilise Ore Reserve, which the company might wish to exploit should conditions, suchas well as the gold price, change.ultimate liability.
•Closure period: implementing the final closure plan starting at cessation of operations through a period of decommissioning, dismantling and rehabilitation until the point in time where management of the site is largely limited to monitoring and maintenance.

The company’sCompany’s group mine closure planning standard stipulates that closure planning must be undertaken in consultation with the community.stakeholders. In the course of these consultations, different issues are raised which require site-specific solutions. Livelihood preservationEach mine closure plan includes a social transition plan which seeks to minimise social impacts and maximise opportunities for local communities, including human resource, social infrastructure, are often key requirements. Communities also require information oneconomic and financial assets with the company’s rehabilitationaim of enhancing the landscape and on any lasting environmental impacts. Long-term remediation obligations, including decommissioning and restoration liabilities relating to past operations, are based on environmental management plans and compliance with current environmental and regulatory requirements.self-sustainability of mine communities after mine closure.

Provisions for decommissioning and rehabilitationrestoration costs are made when there is a present obligation, it is probable that expenditure on decommissioning and rehabilitationrestoration work will be required and the cost can be estimated within a reasonable range of possible outcomes. These costs are based on currently available facts, technology expected to be available at the time of the clean-up,rehabilitation, laws and regulations presently or virtually certain to be enacted and previous experience in the rehabilitation of mine sites.

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Decommissioning costs and restoration costs are provided at the present value of the expenditures expected to settle the obligation, using estimated cash flows based on current prices. Estimates are discounted at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money.

ProvisionsTotal provisions for decommissioning and for environmental restoration activities (excluding joint ventures and discontinued operations) increasedventures) decreased by $95 million from $634$673 million in 20192021 to $674$578 million in 2020.2022. This increasedecrease was mainly relatesdue to changes in estimates resulting from changes in discount rates, based onchanges in global economic assumptions. The provisions were also impacted byassumptions, changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows.flows as well as changes in the design of TSFs.

SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE (“ESG”) MATTERS

AngloGold Ashanti’s sustainability approach is fundamental to how the Company operates its business, as well as its ability to create long-term value for its shareholders, employees and social partners through safely and responsibly exploring, mining and marketing its products. Sustainability and safety are integrated into the Company’s business and operations at all levels through various frameworks, standards and policies, and the Company measures its performance in achieving its goals against its sustainability and other ESG metrics, as well as its engagement with stakeholders.

In mitigating the risks and impacts that are an inherent part of its business, AngloGold Ashanti is informed by an annual assessment of its key ESG issues. This process is aligned with guidance published by the International Integrated Reporting Council (“IIRC”), the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (“SASB”), the Global Reporting Initiative (“GRI”) Standards and



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the Accountability AA1000 Stakeholder Management Standard. This assessment is annually reviewed by AngloGold Ashanti’s senior leadership and approved by the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee (the “SES Committee”).

AngloGold Ashanti’s board of directors, assisted by the SES Committee, has ultimate responsibility over environmental, safety, health and ethical matters and for the integration of sustainability objectives into AngloGold Ashanti’s business. This includes oversight of the Company’s stakeholder engagement framework and structures, which apply to investors, employees, governments, suppliers and communities, at every stage of its business from exploration to mine closure. Group Corporate Affairs and Sustainability is responsible for development of management systems and supports the Company’s general managers in the day-to-day implementation of its sustainability strategy.

AngloGold Ashanti maintains a set of policies and procedures to guide the Company in acting as a responsible corporate citizen, including the Code of Business Principles and Ethics which sets requirements for the implementation of key corporate policies and guidelines and applies to all management and employees, and to maintain compliance with applicable environmental, health and safety (“EHS”) laws. In addition2022, AngloGold Ashanti continued with the implementation of the Integrated Sustainability Information Management System (“iSIMS”), in order to post-mining land rehabilitationimprove internal reporting and closurebetter integrate, manage and monitor sustainability activities with respect to its broader business. This common management and reporting application for all sustainability disciplines, from safety, health and security to community and environmental management, is expected to help provide timely information in each of these areas, and to facilitate transparency and decision-making in its processes and practices.

Significant EHS requirements and ESG risks and trends affecting the Company’s mining and processing operations are described below.

EHS Regulatory Compliance

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to extensive environmental, health and safety (EHS)EHS laws and regulations in the various jurisdictions in which the companyCompany operates. These requirements govern, among other things, extraction, use, conservation and discharge of water; air emissions (including dust control and GHGs)greenhouse gases (“GHGs”)); mine and dam safety, regulatory and community reporting; clean-up of contamination; land use and conservation of protected areas; rehabilitation and closure of mined land; worker health and safety and community health; and the generation, transportation, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes, such as reagents, radioactive materials, and mine tailings. Environmental laws and regulations applicable to ourthe Company’s operations, including the requirements contained in environmental permits, are generally becoming more restrictive. Significant EHS requirements, risks and trends affecting our mining and processing operations are described below.

Regulatory Compliance

Capital and operating costs to comply with EHS laws and regulations have been, and are expected to continue to be, significant to AngloGold Ashanti. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti could incur fines, penalties and other sanctions, environmental clean-up costs, and third-party claims for personal injury or property or natural resources damages; suffer reputational damage; and be required to install costly pollution control equipment or to modify or suspend facilities, such as TSFs, or operations, as a result of actual or alleged violations of, or liabilities under, EHS laws and regulations. Failure to comply with applicable EHS laws and regulations may also result in the suspension or revocation of permits and, in some jurisdictions, ourthe right to mine a given concession. AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to obtain and maintain permits and other approvals and to successfully operate near particular host communities may be adversely impacted by real or perceived effects on the environment or human health and safety associated with AngloGold Ashanti’s or other mining companies’ activities. In addition, unknown environmental hazards may exist at the company’sCompany’s properties which may have been caused by previous owners or operators.

Water Management

AngloGold Ashanti’s mining and processing operations are heavily dependent upon access to substantial volumes of water required for such operations. Typically,use in the mining and extractive processes and typically are subject to water-use permits or water rights in each country impose limits on the quantity ofto extract water that can be extracted from certain natural sources that govern usage and require, among other things, that wastewater from mining operations meetmaintain certain water quality criteria if discharged to the environment.upon discharge. Water supply, quality and usage are areas of interest globally, but are particularly significant forconcern across all of the Company’s operations, including with respect to the Company’s mining operations in Brazil and Ghana and for explorationBrazil, its mine development projects in Colombia, where there is significant potential environmental and social impact and a high level of stakeholder scrutiny.Nevada, as well as its mine development project at Quebradona in Colombia. Any failure by the Company to secure access to suitable water supplies, or achieve and maintain compliance with theapplicable requirements of ourthe permits or licenses,licences, could result in curtailment or suspensionhalting of production at the affected operation.operations. Incidents of water pollution or shortage can, in extremecertain cases, lead to community protest and ultimately result into the withdrawal of community and government support for AngloGold Ashanti’s operations. A failure by the company’sCompany to comply with water contamination related directives may result in further, more stringent, directives being issued against the Company, which may, in some cases, result in a temporary or partial shutdown of some of the Company’s operations.

Where feasible, the companyCompany operates a “closed loop” system which recycles the water used in its operations without discharging it to the environment. In some areas, however, such as Ghana and Brazil, high levels of rainfall and surface water runoff mean that a closed loop system is not feasible and that discharges, after water treatment where necessary, must take place.

Waste Management

Mining and mineral processing operations generate waste rock and tailings.




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Waste Management

During open-pit mining, large volumes of soil and/or rock (overburden) are mined to expose the ore body. Similarly, waste rock is mined during drilling and developing access to underground ore bodies. Overburden and waste rock typically contain sub-economic levels of gold and are deposited as large waste rock facilities. Mine tailings are the process waste generated once grinding and extraction of gold from the ore is completed in the milling process and are typically deposited as slurry in large tailing storage facilities (“TSFs”) specifically designed for this purpose.

The impact of dust generation, breach, leak, or other failure of a waste rock facility or TSF, including any associated dam, can be significant, and the companyCompany therefore monitors such facilities closely in accordance with the company’sCompany’s internal standards, independent review, national regulatory requirements, industry standards and commitments made to local communities. The occasional well-publicised failure of a third-party TSF and the potential impact of such failure also mean that these facilities are generally tightly regulated. AnA safety or environmental incident at the company’sCompany’s operations could result, among other things, in enforcement, including mandatory shutdown of a TSF and related facilities, obligations to remediate environmental contamination, negative press coverage, and claims for property or natural resources damages and
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personal injury by adjacent communities. Incidents at other mining companies’ operations could result in governmental action to tighten regulatory requirements and restrict certain mining activities, in particular with respect to TSFs, also in respect of other mine operators in that region.

For example, following the catastrophic failure of a TSF at anthe Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil in January 2019, tailings were discharged into the mine’s administrative area and part of the local community, reportedly resulting in deaths and injuriesdeath or injury to hundreds of people. As a result of this incident, there has been considerably increased regulatory scrutiny in Brazil and other areas on mining operations generally, and the requirements applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs have generally become far more stringent. In particular,For example, in Brazil, new TSFs in the upstream design method have been prohibited both by the Brazilian National Mining Agency (ANM) Resolution No. 13/19, issued in August 2019, and by Federal Law No. 14.066/20, adopted in September 2020, and decommissioninglate 2022, tailings deposition was suspended at five of all existing upstream TSFs has been ordered. As a result, we will be required to reinforce, and to cease storage and disposal activities at, the TSF (known as “deactivation” or “desativação”) at our Serra Grande mine, located in the state of Goiás, by 15 September 2021. In addition, the Serra Grande mine TSF must be decommissioned by 15 February 2022, though that deadline could potentially be extended, up to 15 September 2025, with the consent of the ANM based on the technical plan for decommissioning. The incremental costs for reinforcing the walls of this facility and, ultimately, for deactivating and decommissioning the TSF in compliance with new legislation and regulations are expected to be material. We will also be required to reinforce or decommission allAngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Brazil constructed basedpending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (“DCO”) and/or geotechnical stability (“DCE”) consistent with new regulatory standards enacted in early 2022. In addition, at the Calcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. The timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. For further information on the downstream or “centerline” design method. AngloGold Ashanti expects to transition to dry-stacking operations for tailings storage at each locationregulatory framework governing TSFs in Brazil, in the near term and to decommission each of these dams in accordance with their closure plans. According to current estimates, capital expenditures in 2021 required to implement this new technology will be in excess of $70 million. Neither ANM Resolution No. 13/19 nor Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires complete removal of tailings material (a process known as “decharacterization” or “see descaracterização”) from TSFs. Further amendments to the regulatory requirements in Brazil governing such TSFs and related dams may be adopted in 2021. See “Item“Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine”Mine—Americas—Brazil”.

In addition, AngloGold Ashanti has committed to implement a new Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (“GISTM”) was established in August 2020 by a panel comprised of industry and NGO experts,non-governmental organisation (“NGO”) experts. AngloGold Ashanti has committed to comply with the GISTM at all of its 22 TSFs in Africa, Australiaby August 2025, and Brazil within the next five years, the costs of whichrelated to meeting such standard are not expected to be material to AngloGold Ashanti.

In addition, AngloGold Ashanti could incur liabilities, or material costs to manage solid and hazardous waste generated by its mining activities, including dust and residual chemicals and metals. For example, AngloGold Ashanti expects to incur approximately $25 million to $30 million in capital expenditure and operating costs during 2023-2026 in connection with treatment and disposal of a quantity of legacy arsenic trioxide waste located at the Obuasi mine.

Groundwater Impacts and Environmental Remediation

As AngloGold Ashanti or its predecessors have a long history of mining operations in certain regions, issues may arise regarding historical, as well as potential future, environmental or health impacts in those areas, for which AGA, as the current owner/operator, may be legally responsible. For example, AngloGold Ashanti has identified groundwater contamination plumes at certain of its operations. Numerous scientific, technical and legal studies have been undertaken to assist in determining the magnitude of the impact and to find sustainable remediation solutions. Based on those studies as well as discussion with regulators, the companyCompany has taken steps, including monitored natural attenuation and phyto-technologies, to address soil and groundwater contamination. For example,contamination, including in Tanzania, a concept study forwhere an in-situ bioremediation project which uses naturally-occurring bacteria to reduce sulphate and nitrates in groundwater was undertaken in 2020 downstream of Geita mine’s TSF. Early results are encouraging, and the plans to roll out a phasedremediation project to address sulfate in groundwater downstream of the TSF arecommenced operations in process.2022.

Subject to the completion of site-specific trials and the technologypotential technologies being a provenconfirmed as viable remediation technique,techniques, no reliable estimate can be made at this time for the obligation. Should these obligations be significant, this could have a material adverse impact upon AngloGold Ashanti’s results and its financial condition.

As AngloGold Ashanti or its predecessors have a long history of mining operations in certain regions, issues may arise regarding historical environmental impacts on those areas, for which AGA, as the current owner/operator, may be legally responsible.

Climate Change and GHG Regulation

GHGs are emitted directlyAt AngloGold Ashanti, climate change is a board of directors-level governance issue, overseen by the SES Committee and the Audit and Risk Committee. AngloGold Ashanti’s operations,Climate Change Strategy, which was approved by the board of directors in November 2021, seeks to embed the management of physical, regulatory and transition climate change-related risks, as well as by external utilities from which AngloGold Ashanti purchases electricity.climate change-related opportunities, into the Company’s strategic and operational planning processes.

As



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In 2021, AngloGold Ashanti committed to the International Council on Mining & Metals (“ICMM”) target of achieving net zero Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions by 2050. AngloGold Ashanti has also committed to achieving a result30 percent reduction in absolute Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030 (as compared to a 2021 baseline), and, in partnership with value chain partners, to set Scope 3 GHG reduction targets, if not by the end of commitments made at the UN Climate Change Conference in Durban, South Africa in2023, as soon as possible thereafter.

In December 2011,2015, certain members of the international community negotiated a treaty at the Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris in December 2015 (Paris Agreement)(the “Paris Agreement”). The Paris Agreement, which came into force on 4 November 2016, requires developed countries to set targets for emissions reductions. AdditionalAs a result, measures designed to limit or reduce GHG emissions, both mandatory and voluntary, mayhave been, and are expected to be, implemented at national or internationalregional levels in various countries.

Such measuresNew regulatory requirements, or changes required to effectively transition to a low-carbon economy, could require AngloGold Ashanti to reduce its direct GHG emissions or energy use, change its fuel mix or to incur significant costs for GHG emissions permits or taxes, including for those costs or taxes passed on by electricity utilities which supply the company’sCompany’s operations. AngloGold Ashanti could also incur significant costs associated with capital equipment, GHG monitoring and reporting and other obligations to comply with applicable requirements. The most likely source of these obligations is through nation state-level implementation of new emissions or financial obligations pursuant to evolving climate change regulatory regimes.

For example, in 2010, Brazil launched the National Climate Change Policy, which established a voluntary national GHG reduction target of 36.1 percent to 38.9 percent below the projected emissions in 2020 for “business as usual”. The policy required the development of sector-specific plans in order to meet the target. Amongst other plans, it was intended to reduce
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deforestation in the Cerrado biome, where AngloGold Ashanti operates, by 40 percent compared to the average deforestation in 1999-2008target and expand renewable energy production and energy efficiency programmes. The policy also provided for a Brazilian GHG trading scheme, which is yet to be designed. While Brazil is not yet requiring mandatory GHG emissions reporting at the national level, some state environmental agencies have requested companies to voluntarily submit GHG emissions management plans, howeverplans. However, the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais State (in which AngloGold Ashanti operates) do not currently require GHG emissions management plans for mining projects. In 2015, Brazil announced, in connection with its commitments under the Paris Agreement, economy-wide absolute mitigation targets providing for a 37 percent reduction in GHG emissions by 2025, as compared to 2005, and a goal to reductionreduce GHG emissions by 43 percent by 2030 compared to 2005 levels.

In addition, in Australia, the Commonwealth Government introduced the Safeguard Mechanism (Rule 2015), through the existing National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (NGER)(“NGER”) scheme, to provideprovides a framework for Australia’s largest emitters to measure, report and manage their emissions. It does this by encouraging large facilities, whose net emissions exceed the safeguard threshold, to keep their emissions at or below emissions baselines set by the Clean Energy Regulator. The safeguard mechanismSafeguard Mechanism applies to facilities with Scope 1 covered GHG emissions of more than 100,000 tonnes of CO2-ee per fiscal year. The Australian mining operations (Sunrise Dam and Tropicana) had emissions baselines set in 2016 for a 3-year period (expired in 2019) which were reported annually through the NGER scheme. During the 2018/19 fiscal year, Tropicana’s emissions were within its authorised threshold and Sunrise Dam was required to purchase offsets for emissions that were 0.8 percent above its safeguard threshold, the cost of which was immaterial. Two recent amendments to the Safeguard Mechanism (Rule 2015) enacted in March 2019 and May 2020 allowed for the application of transitional calculated baselines using estimated CO2-eCO2-e emissions intensities. Based on the production and emissions forecasts, the Australian mining operations applied to use transitional calculated baselines in 2020 for Sunrise Dam and Tropicana, which were approved by the Clean Energy Regulator effective 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2022 for both operations. Accordingly, assuming our operations (and resultant emissions) are consistent with the forecasts in our current business plan,Thereafter, the Australian mining operations shouldwill be ablerequired to avoid purchasingapply production-adjusted baselines and, if actual emissions exceed the baseline, to purchase emissions offsets for the business during this period.business. In any event, the cost of such offsets, if ultimately required to be purchased, including due to a change in ourthe operations under ourthe business plan prior to June 2022, are not anticipatedexpected to be material to ourthe Company’s business.

In 2020, AngloGold Ashanti formed a new internal Climate Change Working Group (CCWG), whose members are drawn from key functions across our operating regions, to lead the development of an updated climate change response for the company, including medium term GHG emissions reduction targets which are expected to be announced in 2021.

In addition to more stringent requirements and commitments, AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are subject to a number of physical risks from climate change, such as changes in rainfall rates or patterns resulting in floods or droughts, rising sea levels, reduced water availability, higher temperatures and extreme weather events. Such events or conditions, particularly including flooding or inadequate water supplies, could disrupt mining and transport operations, mineral processing and rehabilitation efforts, create resource or energy shortages or damage the company’sCompany’s property or equipment and increase health and safety risks on site. Under the CCWG’s leadership and inIn consultation with external consultants, physical climate risk assessments were undertaken in 2020 for all our operations using current climate models for different projectedthe business and various decarbonisation scenarios and climate adaptation plans were outlined. These adaptation plansphysical climate risks will continue to be further reviewed and refined in 2021.

2023.

Occupational and Community Safety and Health and Tropical Diseases

Safety is a significant focus of concern for AngloGold Ashanti. AngloGold Ashanti is subject to a variety of laws and regulations in each of the jurisdictions where the companyCompany operates that are designed to protect and improve the safety and health of employees.

In some of the jurisdictions in which AngloGold Ashanti operates, the government enforces compulsory shutdowns of operations to enable investigations into the cause of accidents and introduce corrective measures at those operations.

Our boardSafety remains a priority for AngloGold Ashanti and a focus of directors seeks to ensure that safety remains AngloGold Ashanti’s first prioritylong-term sustainability approach, as well as the Company’s continuing efforts to manage the risks inherent to its operations, to model critical controls and the Social, Ethicsto strengthen safety protocols and Sustainability Committee is rigorous in overseeing the implementation of the group safety strategy. The group safety strategy is aligned with recognised leading practice in global safety standards and systems.preventative measures. AngloGold Ashanti has made significant strides in improving safetysafety. In 2022, there was a 41 percent reduction in recent years, by developing a systematic and integrated safety strategy executed by the executive and senior operational leadership teams. Sadly, we lost six colleagues during 2020, but a continuous improvement in the recorded allyear-on-year total recordable injury frequency rate, has been observed over the majorityand no fatalities at any of the operations.mines operated by AngloGold Ashanti.

AngloGold Ashanti’s Group Safety remains a top priority for AngloGold Ashanti. We pursueStrategy, which is updated every three years, seeks to integrate operational risk management and continually adapt strategies in linekey performance indicators at all levels of the organisation and maintain alignment with recognised leading practice in global safety standards and systems in working towards our 2030 goalstandards. The SES



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Table of providing workplaces free of serious injury and harm for our employees and contractors. DuringContents

Committee oversees the revisionimplementation of the Group Safety Strategy, a number of areas were considered: looking at eliminating both high consequence low-frequency events and low consequence high-frequency incidents through critical control management; introducing engineering and higher order controls; and improving organizational culture and behaviour. We are aligned with global standards and are rolling outStrategy. All operations, have been certified to ISO 45001:2018, which has replaced the OHSAS 18001:2007 series. All our operating mines are OHSAS 18001:2007 certified and are in the process of migration to ISO 45001:2018. Geita, Iduapriem, Siguiri, Cerro Vanguardia, Sunrise Dam and Tropicana mines have already achieved ISO 45001:2018 certification, with the remainder to follow during 2021. The certification process has been delayed due to COVID-19 travel restrictions.

In addition, Community Health and Tropical Diseases

AngloGold Ashanti is also subject to health and safety regulations relating to occupational disease. The primary areas of focus in respect of occupational health of employees within the company’sCompany’s operations are noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)(“NIHL”) and
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occupational lung diseases (OLD)(“OLD”). OLD includes occupational tuberculosis and silicosis in individuals exposed to silica dust. Silicosis has been particularly prevalent in South Africa and has also arisen at the company’sCompany’s Africa region and Brazilian operations, albeit to a far lesser extent. AngloGold Ashanti provides occupational health services to its employees at its occupational health centres, clinics, and through outsourced service centres. The companyCompany continues to improveexpand preventative occupational hygiene initiatives, such as implementing various control measures to prevent hazardous exposures, and providing employees with Personal Protective Equipment.

The South African government, by way of a cabinet resolution in 1999, proposed a possible combination and alignment of benefits of the Occupational Diseases in Mines and Works Act, No. 78 of 1973 (ODMWA) and the Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act, No. 130 of 1993 (COIDA). ODMWA provides for compensation to mineworkers and former mineworkers, who have work-related occupational diseases. COIDA provides for compensation in respect of job-related injuries and certain occupationally-related diseases contracted by mineworkers and former mineworkers. If the proposed combination and alignment were to occur, this could further increase the amount of statutory compensation that miners employed by AngloGold Ashanti could claim, which consequently could have an adverse effect on AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition. In 2019, the Johannesburg High Court approved the settlement of existing silicosis and tuberculosis class actions against AngloGold Ashanti and other gold mining companies in South Africa. The recent sale of the company’sCompany’s South African operating assets and liabilities did not include the silicosis or tuberculosis settlement obligations relating to South African employees, which were retained by AngloGold Ashanti. For further information, see “Item“Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1—1.2—Statement of Compliance—Significant Accounting Policies—Judgements and Estimates—Provision for silicosis”silicosis”.

In addition to OLD, HIV and AIDS and associated diseases remain major health care challenges faced by AngloGold Ashanti’s Africa region operations. AngloGold Ashanti continues to implement programmes to help those infected with HIV and prevent new infections from spreading.

Malaria and other tropical diseases also pose health risks at all of the company’sCompany’s operations in Central, West and East Africa where such diseases may assume epidemic proportions because of ineffective national control programmes. Malaria is a major cause of death in young children and pregnant women butand also gives rise to deaths and absenteeism in adult men.adults. All affected companyCompany operations in Africa have malaria control programmes in place. The Ghana Obuasi malaria control programme continues to roll-out indoor residual spraying programmesactivities have been completed in 16 districts of Ghana as planned for 2022 and a new cycle of indoor residual spraying will commence in 2023; in partnership with the Global Fund and the Ghana Department of Health.

In 2020,2022, the COVID-19 pandemic took an unprecedented toll on businessessubsided significantly with decreases in reporting of severe disease or deaths. Nevertheless, AngloGold Ashanti continued to direct resources for close surveillance and socio-economic systems acrossmaintenance of controls within the globe. This forced businessescompany with a view to take extraordinary measures to protect the healthensure continuity of people, maintainits operations and contributeavoid any potential disruption in the event of a re-emergence of the pandemic. Universal access to global control efforts. Similarly, the pandemic required significant focussafe and resources across AngloGold Ashantieffective vaccines provided an additional layer of protection, especially against severe forms of disease, hospitalisation and death. The company endeavoured to continue to provide prompt access to approved and available vaccines for all workers, especially employees considered to be at high risk as throughout the year we worked to limit the spread and maintain operations. Given the interdependence of employee and community health, measures to ensure the health of ourwell as employees and those in our communities remained our focus.with critical skills.

The emergence of COVID-19 however also assisted to better integrate broad health risk management beyond occupational health into the overall business strategy, to contribute to productivity as well as the social licenselicence to operate. We putoperate and to improve various prevention and risk management protocols in place to address the potential risk of an epidemic or pandemic, particularly after ourthe company’s experience with Ebola in Guinea in 2014 and 2015 – our health team made sure that we were better prepared than many to address the situation.2015.

This pandemic also highlighted other associated risks and emphasized the importance ofThe company focused on optimising mental health,wellbeing, minimising non-communicable diseases associated with lifestyle as well as the need for systematic contribution to health system strengthening, local skill development and overall community development in the jurisdictions in which we operate.it operates. Such risks impair the health of workers and negatively affect productivity and profitability as a result of workers’ diminished focus or skill, absenteeism, treatment costs and allocated resources. As part of AngloGold Ashanti’s continuing efforts, the company recently approved the newly updated health, hygiene and wellbeing standards based on identified major health hazards or risks which include gender, cultural and other applicable diversity considerations for risk management and controls.

Diversity and Inclusion (“D&I”)

With more than 30,000 employees (including contractor employees) on four continents, AngloGold Ashanti believes that having a diverse and inclusive workforce is important to continuing to attract talent in order to maintain competitiveness and the long-term sustainability of its business. In addition, the Company strives to have a workforce that represents the societies in which AngloGold Ashanti operates in connection with maintaining its social licence to operate.

AngloGold Ashanti’s D&I approach is aligned to the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (“UNSDGs”) (SDG 5, 8 and 10) and the United Nations Global Compact (“UNGC”). The Company has developed a Diversity & Inclusion Framework, which aims to foster the empowerment of all staff, irrespective of race, gender, ethnicity, religion and sexual orientation and has established specific priorities and actions for the next two to five years to foster the inclusion of D&I objectives in its processes. Leadership teams are responsible for meeting defined diversity targets. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti cannot guarantee that any current or future medical programme will be successful in preventing or reducingconducted an analysis of global gender data across job level, function and country. The analysis was carried out to inform AngloGold Ashanti’s D&I strategy.




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Human Rights and Indigenous Peoples

In its commitment to respecting and promoting human rights, AngloGold Ashanti supports the injuryUnited Nations Guiding Principles for Business and illness rates amongstHuman Rights (“UNGP”) and other international initiatives, including the UNGC and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights (“VPSHR”). The VPSHR, which seeks to balance safety and security needs against respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, were developed through multi-stakeholder participation between governments, extractive industry members and NGOs. Community and security related matters, including with respect to illegal and artisanal and small-scale mining and related intrusions into the Company’s operational areas, are addressed at board of directors-level by the SES Committee. AngloGold Ashanti’s internal Human Rights Framework includes numerous policies, management standards and guidance documents which apply to all of its employees, or in affecting consequent morbidity or mortality rates. AngloGold Ashanti may incur significant costs in addressing this issuecontractors and suppliers and require reporting of, and redress for, human rights violations and related allegations.

The Company is aligned with the ICMM Position Statement on Indigenous Peoples and the International Finance Corporation’s Performance Standard 7 on Indigenous Peoples and other international standards and treaties in the future, which could also adversely impact the company’s resultsarea of operations and financial condition.Indigenous Peoples’ rights.




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ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI GLOBAL FOOTPRINT: 2022
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Operations and projects


Notes
(1) Gramalote is managed by B2Gold Corp ("B2Gold").
(2) AngloGold Ashanti acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold Inc. ("Corvus Gold") acquisition in January 2022.
(3) AngloGold Ashanti acquired Sterling through the Coeur Sterling, Inc. ("Coeur Sterling") acquisition in November 2022.
(4) Kibali is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick").





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ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI GLOBAL OPERATIONS: 2020

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Operations, projects and exploration programmes
AMERICASAFRICA REGIONAUSTRALIA
1 Argentina4 Guinea8 Australia
Cerro Vanguardia (92.5%)Siguiri (85%)Sunrise Dam
2 Brazil5 GhanaTropicana (70%)
Serra GrandeIduapriem
AGA Mineração
Obuasi(4)
3 Colombia6 DRC
Gramalote (50%)(1)
Kibali (45%)(5)
La Colosa7 Tanzania
QuebradonaGeita
United States (exploration)

Percentages indicate the ownership interest of AngloGold Ashanti. All operations are 100%-owned unless otherwise indicated.
(1)     The joint arrangement, managed and operated by B2 Gold, is recognised as a joint operation in the financial statements.
(2)    Sale completed on 10 November 2020.
(3)    Sale completed on 31 December 2020.
(4)    Obuasi's redevelopment project began in 2018.
(5)    Kibali is managed and operated by the company's joint venture partner Barrick.
(6)    Sale completed on 30 September 2020.

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OPERATING PERFORMANCEAUSTRALIA

Group description

AngloGold Ashanti, an independent, global goldGeneral laws relating to mining company with a globally diverse, high-quality portfolio of operations and projects, is headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa. Measured by production, AngloGold Ashanti is the third largest gold mining company in the world.

In 2020, our portfolioAustralia, with a few exceptions, all onshore minerals are owned by the Crown. The respective Minister for each state and territory is responsible for administering the relevant mining legislation enacted by the states and territories. Native title legislation applies to certain mining tenements within Australia. Australia recognises and protects a form of ten operationsnative title that reflects the entitlement of Aboriginal people to their traditional lands in eight countries, includes long-life operating assetsaccordance with differing ore body types locatedtheir traditional custom and laws. Should native title claims or determinations exist, certain native title processes and procedures will apply under the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) (the “Native Title Act”) before the tenure is granted. Tenure may be granted subject to conditions relating to native title rights. In the mining context, native title matters are managed as part of the tenement grant process. If disputes arise in key gold-producing regions aroundrelation to the world. These operating assets were supported by three greenfields projects in Colombiagrant of a particular tenement, they can be referred to the National Native Title Tribunal, established under the Native Title Act, for resolution. Native title legislation also provides a framework for compensation to be paid for acts that affect native title rights and a focused global exploration programme, including explorationinterests. Ordinarily, the relevant Commonwealth or State government is liable to pay compensation for acts attributable to it. However, in the United States.state of Western Australia, the Mining Act 1978 (WA) provides that an applicant for the grant of, or the holder of, a mining tenement is responsible for native title compensation, if determined to be payable, to native title holders.


Our operations and projects are grouped into the following regions: Africa, Americas, Australia and South Africa (producing assets sold during 2020).

On 12 February 2020, the Company announced that it had reached an agreement with Harmony to sell all its remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities. The sale closed on 30 September 2020. On 10 November 2020, the Company announced that it had completed the sale of its interest in the Morila mine in Mali and on 30 December 2020, the Company announced that it had completed the sale of its interest in the Sadiola Mine in Mali.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations and joint arrangements employed, on average, 36,952 people (including contractors) in 2020 (2019: 34,263).

Performance (including discontinued operations)

In 2020, AngloGold Ashanti produced attributable 3.0 million ounces (Moz) of gold (2019: 3.3Moz) as well as 3.6Moz of silver and 188 tonnes of sulphuric acid as by-products.

Production of 3.0 Moz of gold was achieved at a cost of sales of $3.0 billion and an all-in sustaining cost of $1,072/oz for subsidiaries and $810/oz for equity accounted joint venture operations compared to a production of 3.3Moz in 2019 at a cost of sales of $3.1 billion and all-in sustaining cost of $1,017/oz for subsidiaries and $767/oz for equity accounted joint venture operations.

Gold
The AngloGold Ashanti gold Ore Reserve reduced from 43.8Moz in December 2019 to 29.5Moz in December 2020. This gross annual decrease of 14.3Moz includes depletion of 3.4Moz, and disposal of assets in the South African region and Sadiola of 16.7Moz. This is offset partly by additions due to exploration and modelling changes of 4.5Moz, changes in economic assumptions of 1.0Moz and other factors of 0.3Moz. The Ore Reserve was estimated using the AngloGold Ashanti gold price of US$1,200/oz (2019: US$1,100/oz).

Copper
The AngloGold Ashanti copper Ore Reserve increased from 1.39Mt (3,068Mlb) in December 2019 to 1.41Mt (3,105Mlb) in December 2020. This gross annual increase of 0.02Mt due to optimisation of the production levels. The Ore Reserve was estimated at the AngloGold Ashanti copper price of US$2.65/lb (2019: US$2.65/lb).

Capital expenditure, including equity accounted joint ventures, in 2020 amounted to $792 million (2019: $814 million).

Safety

There were regrettably six fatalities across the group’s operations in 2020. The all injury frequency rate was 2.39 per million hours worked compared to 3.31 in 2019. Regrettably, there was one fatality at the Serra Grande mine in Brazil in a fall of ground incident in early 2021.
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AFRICA REGION

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Federal, state and territory Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal heritage laws operate in parallel to the native title legislation. State and territory heritage laws exist predominantly for the purposes of managing the impact of developments on sites, objects and areas of heritage significance. In Western Australia, impacts to Aboriginal cultural heritage are regulated by the Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 (WA). However, this legislation will be repealed and replaced by the Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act 2021 (WA) (the “ACH Act”) which was enacted in 2021. The regulations, management code and various guidelines which underpin the ACH Act are being co-designed by the State government, traditional owners, industry and other stakeholders. The ACH Act will not become fully operational until the co-design process is complete in mid-2023 at the earliest. Where an area of heritage significance is placed on the national or world heritage registers, federal approval processes may also apply. To date, there has not been any significant impact on any of AngloGold Ashanti’s tenure due to native title or heritage legislation and, at this stage, it is not possible to predict any significant impact that may result in the future from the final regulations, management code and various guidelines under the ACH Act, once adopted.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operating properties are located in the state of Western Australia where tenure is issued under, and mining operations are governed by, the Mining Act 1978 (WA). The most common forms of tenure in Western Australia are exploration and prospecting licences, mining leases, miscellaneous licences and general purpose leases. In most Australian states, if the holder of an exploration licence establishes indications of an economic mineral deposit in the area covered by the exploration licence and complies with the conditions of the grant, the holder of the exploration licence has a priority right against all others to be granted a mining lease which gives the holder exclusive mining rights with respect to minerals on the property.

It is possible for an individual or entity to own an area of land (including for infrastructure purposes) and for another individual or entity to be granted the right to explore for or mine any minerals located on or under the surface of the same area. The maximum initial term of a mining lease in Western Australia is 21 years and the holder has the right to renew the lease for an additional 21 years. Subsequent renewals are granted at the discretion of the respective state or territory’s minister responsible for mining rights. In Western Australia, mining leases can only be assigned with the prior written consent of the minister.

Tax laws relating to mining

Government royalties are payable by the holder of mining tenure in respect of minerals obtained from the relevant area of land at the rates specified in the relevant legislation in each state or territory. The royalty on gold production in Western Australia is payable quarterly at a fixed rate of 2.5 percent of the royalty value of gold metal produced. The royalty value is calculated by multiplying the amount of gold produced during a given month by the average gold spot price for that month. In addition, the holder of a mining tenement is required to pay annual rent in respect of the tenement. In Western Australia there is a minimum annual expenditure requirement for prospecting and exploration licences and mining leases. Exemptions from the expenditure requirement can be obtained if certain conditions are satisfied.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Mining tenements will be granted with endorsements and conditions relating to protection of the environment. Exploration and mining operations may also require separate approval from the state, territory or federal environment minister, which may require completion of an environmental impact assessment (including a public consultation period) pursuant to applicable environmental protection legislation prior to commencement. Further, a works 'construction' approval and an operating licence under the relevant environmental protection legislation in the state or territory may also be required for certain mine processing or mining-related operations. In Western Australia, legislation removing the distinction between “works approvals” and “licenses” is expected to enter into force in December 2023 such that, following the effective date, only a “license” will be required for “prescribed activities”, which include relevant works and operations on a mining lease, and not a separate “works approval”. Depending on the jurisdiction, additional approvals may be required for the removal of native vegetation within the tenement, and the taking and use of water for exploration and mining operations.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

AngloGold Ashanti has been granted 21-year term mining leases with rights of renewal to all of its mining areas in Australia, including its proportionate share of joint venture operations and accordingly it has, together with its joint venture partners where applicable, the exclusive right to mine in those areas. Both the Group and its joint venture partners are fully authorised to conduct operations in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. The mining leases and rights of renewal cover the current life-of-mine at AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Australia.

At year end, AngloGold Ashanti had five operationsSunrise Dam, one mining lease (M39/1116) covers the deposit and mine infrastructure (approximately 7,808 hectares) and another mining lease (M39/1117) covers the water extraction infrastructure used to supply the operation with water (approximately 1,768 hectares). Both leases are currently in the Africa region, four of which we manage and one of which is managed by Barrick. The Obuasi redevelopment project, which was commissionedgood standing, with expiry dates in 2020, is on track to achieve steady-state production during 2021. The sale of Morila was completed on 10 November 2020 and the sale of Sadiola was completed on 30 December 2020.2038.

Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Subsidiary operations
Ghana
Iduapriem275 1,774 
Obuasi30 4,210 
Guinea
Attr. Siguiri 85%215 3,016 
Tanzania
Geita623 5,496 
Joint venture operations
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Attr. Kibali 45%364 2,333 
The Butcher Well joint venture has security of tenure for all current exploration licences and for the contiguous mining leases that covers its Mineral Resource. There are three mining leases: mining lease (M39/165) which covers 602.35 hectares with expiry date in 2030, mining lease (M39/166) which covers 990 hectares with expiry date in 2030 and mining lease (M39/230) which covers 446.4 hectares with expiry date in 2032.

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At Tropicana, the deposit is situated upon a single mining lease (M39/1096) covering approximately 27,228 hectares, which is currently in good standing, with an expiry date in 2036.

Africa Region - Key Statistics
Unit202020192018
Subsidiary operations
Tonnes treated/milledMt20.1 19.1 19.5 
Pay limitoz/t0.034 0.039 0.040 
g/t1.160 1.330 1.372 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.052 0.060 0.049 
g/t1.77 1.77 1.69 
Gold production (attributable)000oz1,143 1,094 1,060 
Cost of sales$m1,232 1,173 1,127 
Total cash costs (1)
$/oz797 801 813 
All-in sustaining costs (1)
$/oz975 947 941 
Capital expenditure$m345 359 246 
Safety
Number of fatalities200
AIFRPer million hours worked0.55 0.62 0.51 
People
Average no of employees: Total14,496 12,847 11,490 
Permanent employees5,433 4,939 4,625 
Contractors9,063 7,908 6,865 

(1) Includes Obuasi gold productionAngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited is also conducting early stage exploration activities in 2020, capitalised as partQueensland under the Mineral Resources Act 1989 (QLD). AngloGold Ashanti holds 15 exploration permits covering 316,851 hectares. Each permit is granted with an initial term of the project development.
Unit202020192018
Joint venture operations
Tonnes treated/milledMt3.4 7.5 7.8 
Pay limitoz/t0.048 0.037 0.041 
g/t1.640 1.255 1.403 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.096 0.060 0.053 
g/t3.29 1.85 1.81 
Gold production (attributable)000oz364 445 452 
Cost of sales$m340 428 480 
Total cash costs (1)
$/oz629 657 680 
All-in sustaining costs (1)
$/oz810 767 820 
Capital expenditure$m52 51 67 
Safety
Number of fatalities(2)
n/a00
AIFR (2)
Per million hours workedn/a0.65 0.29 
People
Average no of employees: Total2,333 2,939 3,343 
Permanent employees824 1,192 1,072 
Contractors1,509 1,747 2,271 
five years, renewable for two further periods of not more than five years each.

(1)
AMERICAS
Total cash costs
Argentina

General laws relating to mining and all-in sustaining costsland ownership

Mining regime

The Argentinean Mining Code governs mining activity in the country. Special regimes exist for hydrocarbons and nuclear minerals. In the case of most minerals, the Argentinean Mining Code establishes that the owner of the land is not the owner of the mineral rights; these are non-GAAP measures. For further informationheld by the national or provincial governments (depending on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results-Non-GAAP analysis”the location of the minerals). The national or provincial government, as applicable, is required by the Argentinean Mining Code to grant whomever discovers a new mine title to the mining concession.

(2)Excludes KibaliThe Argentinean Mining Code regulates exploration permits as well as mining concessions, or exploitation rights. Exploration permits grant their holders exclusivity rights to any mineral discoveries, including those made by a third party within the exploration area covered by the permit. Exploration permits are limited in time and as to the extent of the exploration area, are subject to the payment of a single-time fee, and also require a minimum exploration work programme and schedule to keep the permit in force. Priority for receiving a mining concession is given to the registered discoverer of the mine, which holds the exploration permit. Once the application for a mine has been submitted, the applicant may commence works and must submit a legal survey of the units requested for the new mine. The application and the legal survey may be opposed by third parties following specific proceedings set forth in the Argentinean Mining Code. Approval and registration of the legal survey by the provincial mining authority constitutes formal title to the mining concession.

Holders of mining concessions must comply with three main conditions: payment of an annual fee, investment of a minimum amount of capital, and the carrying out of a reasonable level of exploitation. Failure to do so could lead to forfeiture of the mining concession, which would then revert back to the Province.

In addition to the Argentinean Mining Code, between 1993 and 1995, Argentina implemented several federal laws to offer foreign companies attractive incentives for exploration and mining in Argentina, the Mining Investment Law (Law No. 24, 196), as amended (the “Mining Investment Law”), and related legal provisions being the most important one. Such incentives include, among other matters, import duty exemptions, accelerated depreciation of fixed assets, a three percent cap on provincial royalties set at pit-head value on the mineral extracted, value added tax refunds for exploration-related expenses incurred by companies registered under the Mining Investment Law, and, subject to the filing of a feasibility study for the relevant mining project, a 30-year stability as to the tax burden on the project and the customs and foreign exchange regimes and duties. Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (“CVSA”) obtained its tax, customs and foreign exchange stability certificate in 1996.

Glacier Law

On 30 September 2010, the National Law on Minimum Requirements for the Protection of Glaciers (Law No. 26, 639) (the “Glacier Law”) was enacted in Argentina, banning new mining exploration and exploitation activities on glaciers and “peri-glacial” areas. The Glacier Law establishes a broad definition of “peri-glacial” areas that, together with glacial areas, must be surveyed by an existing national government agency specifically appointed to this end every five years. The area where the Cerro Vanguardia project is managed by Barrick andlocated does not AngloGold Ashanti. For years priorinclude any glaciers or peri-glacial areas according to 2020, amounts are inclusivethe inventory of amounts pertaining to Sadiola,glaciers which was soldpublished in 2020.June 2018.

Rural Land Law

On 27 December 2011, the Argentinean National Congress passed a law on the Regime for Protection of National Domain over Ownership, Possession or Tenure of Rural Land (Law No. 26, 737) (the “Rural Land Law”) which implemented a set of rules restricting the ownership of rural land by foreigners (including foreign individuals or any kind of legal entity controlled by foreign individuals or legal entities). The main restrictions are as follows: (i) foreigners cannot own in the aggregate more than 15 percent of the entire rural land of Argentina, the same cap being applicable to each Province and Municipality; (ii) foreigners will not be allowed to purchase more than 1,000 hectares in the so-called “zona núcleo”, which comprises the main agricultural areas of central Argentina or an “equivalent” surface depending on the location of the land and its productive potential; and (iii) foreigners will not be allowed to buy land that contains, or is adjacent to, relevant and permanent water bodies (such as rivers and lakes). Although exploration permits and mining concessions are not the subject matter of the restrictions placed by the Rural Land Law, certain rights granted to foreign mining companies under the Argentinean Mining Code may be restricted by this



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Production and costsnew law. For example, the right that holders of mining concessions currently have to force the surface owner to sell the land to the holder of the mining concession might be restricted if the concession holder is a foreign individual or a legal entity controlled by foreigners.

Production from the Africa region subsidiaries increased from 1.094Moz in 2019 to 1,143Moz in 2020. The joint venture operations reported decreased production from 445Moz in 2019 compared to 364Moz in 2020, mainly due to the sale of the Sadiola and Morila joint ventures. Joint venture production in the Africa region in 2020 included record production at Geita, a marginal increase at Siguiri and a solid production performance at Iduapriem. The Kibali joint venture had a steady performance with a marginal decrease in production.Federal Mining Agreement

Geita’s productionOn 13 June 2017, the national government and the provinces in whose territories the main mining projects of 623,000oz wasArgentina are located, signed the highest annual production level achievedNew Federal Mining Agreement (“FMA”). The purpose of the FMA is, amongst other things, to increase provincial revenues from the mining industry by creating legal entities owned by provincial governments that would work in association with private mining companies. This scheme is not new in Argentina and it has been used by some provincial governments, amongst them the last 15 years and 3% higher thanSanta Cruz Province (through Fomicruz), in which the preceding year’s 604,000oz.Cerro Vanguardia project is located. The increase was attributed to the greater volumes treatedFMA also contemplates other forms of revenues such as the underground operations continuedformation of special trusts to ramp-up, providing finer fragmentationbe funded by mining companies to finance education, health and higher gradesother programmes. Additionally, the FMA included setting forth mining royalties up to three percent of the mill. The processing plant benefited from higher run time, resulting in a 14% increase in underground tonnes mined forgross value of commercialised minerals, without any deductions other than VAT. As the year.FMA has not yet been converted into law by the National Congress, its provisions are neither binding nor enforceable.

IduapriemIn Argentina, the current regulatory regime of royalty payments is expected to change and several different options and payment thresholds have been discussed. In December 2012, the Santa Cruz Province changed the mining royalty from one percent to three percent calculated at pit-head value of the mineral extracted thus bringing it to the cap of the Mining Investment Law.

Foreign exchange and export rules

Foreign exchange controls

On 1 September 2019, by means of Executive Decree No. 609/2019 (the “Export Controls Decree”), the Argentinean national government reinstated foreign exchange and export controls. The Export Controls Decree and related regulations of the Central Bank of Argentina impose, among other measures, the obligation of Argentinean residents to transfer to Argentina and/or sell for Argentinean pesos in the Argentinean foreign exchange market (mercado de cambios) the countervalue (contravalor) from their exports of goods within a specified period. The export of goods is regulated by the Consolidated Text on “Foreign Trade and Exchange” issued by the Argentinean Central Bank (as amended from time to time) which establishes the specific regulatory requirements to implement the measures adopted by the national government in this area. Prior approval of the Argentinean Central Bank is generally required to access the foreign exchange market for transactions relating to the outflow of funds, except in certain circumstances.

In October 2022, the Argentinean national government implemented the Argentinean System of Imports (Sistema de Importaciones de la República Argentina) (“SIRA”) and the Argentinean System of Imports and Foreign Payments of Services (Sistema de Importaciones de la República Argentina y Pagos de Servicios al Exterior). Importers must obtain a SIRA approval in the form of a SIRA certificate for the import of goods and to access the foreign exchange market for payments in connection with the import of goods. Additionally, from 1 January 2023, Argentinean residents, such as CVSA, must comply with certain supplementary provisions in order to access the foreign exchange market without prior approval of the Argentinean Central Bank, unless an exception applies.

CVSA had a solid performance with gold productioncash balance equivalent to $116 million at 31 December 2022. The cash balance is available to be paid to AngloGold Ashanti’s offshore ($105 million (equivalent)) and onshore ($15 million (equivalent)) investment holding companies in the form of 275,000oz maintainingdeclared dividends. Applications have been made to the record production levelArgentinean Central Bank to approve the purchase of U.S. dollars in order to distribute offshore dividends related to the 2019, 2020 and 2021 financial years of $105 million (equivalent) to AngloGold Ashanti. Also, under a special regime established for dividend payments, a new petition to distribute a portion of the previous year. This performanceoffshore dividends applied for, in the amount of $54 million (equivalent), was primarily duesubmitted to the 2% improvement in plant feed, supported by higher grades following implementationArgentinean Central Bank during the third quarter of 2022. In December 2022, the grade improvement project during 2020. Improved grades were partly offset by a 2% decline in tonnes treated dueArgentinean Central Bank approved, based on the applications submitted under this special regime, the payment of $17 million (equivalent) to challenges experienced in treating harder ore material. An additional tertiary ore crushing stage is being constructed to reduce the feed size to the milling circuit to deal with the increased rock hardness as deeper ore is extracted. In the second half of 2020, a decision was made to accelerate waste stripping at the Teberebie Cut 2 at the Block 7 and 8 pit, with some of the waste stripping planned for 2021 brought forward to the fourth quarter in 2020.AngloGold Ashanti. As a result, mined volumes increased onduring 2022, AngloGold Ashanti received offshore dividends from CVSA in a total amount of $17 million (net of withholding taxes) paid in U.S. dollars. While the back of this investment, withremaining approvals are pending, the operation on track to accelerate ore delivery to the mill. Waste stripping here will continue into 2021. This strategic investment will assist the operation to reach the ore zone earlier, thus increasing confidence in planned gold productioncash remains fully available for 2021.CVSA’s operational and exploration requirements.

Siguiri increased production marginally in 2020 to 215,000oz compared with 213,000oz in 2019. Improvements in hardrock processing capability resulted in higher plant feed grade. Conversion of three leach tanks to carbon-in-leach and the Mill 1 discharge pump upgrade were successfully completed and commissioned on schedule. These will together help to improve overall plant recovery rates. Plant interventions and the effective use of plant run time increased throughput to 11.2Mt during the year. Progressive improvements were already delivered in the second half of the year, up 7% year-on-year over the six-month period.Export duties

KibaliOn 21 December 2019, the National Law on Social Solidarity and Productive Reactivation (Law No. 27, 541) (the “Solidarity Law”) was enacted. The Solidarity Law granted the national government power until 31 December 2021 to impose export duties which may not exceed certain caps. For example, the Solidarity Law provides that export duties on mining exports cannot exceed eight percent of the taxable value or official FOB price. On 2 October 2020, the national government published Decree No. 785/2020 (the “Export Duties Decree”) which sets an export duty rate of eight percent for certain goods, including doré bars and gold alloys, and revoked the provisions of Decree No. 793/2018 which had steady performance with production of 364,000oz (45% attributable), marginally lower thanpreviously set the 366,000oz produced in 2019. Record underground productionexport duty at 12 percent ad valorem. While the Export Duties Decree was achieved in December 2020 and for the fourth quarter. Steady plant performance resulted in a 2% increase in plant throughput comparedset to 2019. This was partly offset by 2% decline in the recovered grade due to the impact of ore feed blend to the plant. The mine invested further in technology to will allow multiple, autonomous machines to operate on the same haulage and production levels, and to provide real-time visibility of all operations, including automated control of ventilation fans.

Cost of sales and all-in sustaining costs (AISC) for the subsidiary operations in the region increased to $1,232 million and $975/oz from $1,173 million and $947/oz in 2019, respectively, This increase was a result of higher underground mining costsexpire at Geita due to the step-up in ore and waste volumes, offset by lower open pit mining cost following the completion of mining in Nyakanga Cut 8 by the end of September 2020; higher stay-in-business capital spend as a result2021, on 31 December 2021, the national government published Decree No. 908/2021, extending the deadline of waste stripping at Teberebie Cut 2 at Iduapriemexport duties on certain goods, including doré bars and additional Ore Reserve development at Geita and Obuasi; as well as higher royalty costs acrossgold alloys, until 31 December 2023. It is uncertain whether the operations duenational government is empowered to extend such deadline beyond the increasedate set forth in the average gold price received. CostSolidarity Law. These export duties, if not compensated with other tax reductions, affect the tax stability guarantee granted to CVSA in 1996 in light of sales for the joint venture operations decreased due exclusion of costs compared to 2019 due tofact that at the sale of Sadiola and Morila operations. AISC increased at Kibali during 2020.time export duties were zero percent.

The Operational Excellence programme continued during 2020. This programme is a group-wide efficiency-driven initiative focused on optimising mine plans and systems and on improving operational cost management. This translated into a review of asset potential and the further entrenchment of capital discipline. Various enhancement projects are tracked through a project management system as we strive to meaningfully move down the cost curve. Through this process, mine planning and forecasting improvement have been reflected in improved consistency in our reported cost performance.

Capital expenditure

Total capital spend for the region was $397m in 2020 compared to $410m in 2019. Capital investment was challenged by the global COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in delayed deliveries and a difficult execution environment. Growth capital of $168m was spent on the redevelopment of the Obuasi mine. Underground Ore Reserve development projects continued at Geita and pre-stripping began at Iduapriem for Teberebie Cut 2. These projects will provide access to orebodies identified for future gold extraction. The balance of the sustaining capital investment was used for capitalised exploration and stay-in-business projects to improve asset integrity and realise business improvements across the operations, to ensure safe and sustainable growth and production.


8267

SafetyOn 26 February 2019, the Argentinean tax and mining authorities published a resolution (RC 4428/2019) establishing an administrative procedure to be followed to obtain the reimbursement or compensation of federal taxes paid in excess of the total tax burden provided for by the applicable tax stability guarantee (the “2019 Procedure”). CVSA initiated the 2019 Procedure to claim compensation for the export duties it paid in 2018, 2019 and 2020 as export duties are not contemplated by its tax stability guarantee. Prior to the publication of RC 4428/2019, CVSA had already submitted to the tax authorities claims for reimbursement of the export duties it paid from 2008 to 2015.

Regrettably, there were two fatalitiesPursuant to the 2019 Procedure, the National Mining Secretariat issued favorable opinions regarding CVSA’s claims in respect of fiscal years 2018 and 2019, which amounted to approximately $2.0 million and $6.3 million, respectively, as of 31 December 2022. These claims are currently under review by the Africa regionrelevant customs authorities. On 14 July 2021, CVSA submitted its claim in 2020. At Obuasi, in Junerespect of fiscal year 2020, which amounted to approximately $12.4 million as of 31 December 2022. The National Mining Secretary has not yet issued an experienced equipment operator was hit by an underground load-haul dumper, while in July 2020 a security guard was hit and killed by a car driven by a private citizen, at the gate to one of Obuasi’s housing estates. Notwithstanding these setbacks, the region saw an improvement in AIFR from 0.62 per millions hours worked in 2019 to 0.55 in 2020.opinion regarding this claim.

OreFurthermore, CVSA has requested the tax authorities to apply the 2019 Procedure in respect of its historical claims for fiscal years 2008 to 2015 during which the imposition of export duties also exceeded CVSA’s total tax burden under its tax stability guarantee. However, these claims, which amounted to approximately $3.1 million as of 31 December 2022, are still being reviewed under the rules to challenge export duties instead of the 2019 Procedure. CVSA has appealed the application of those rules and a decision on this issue is pending.

On 9 June 2022, the Argentinean tax and mining authorities published a resolution (RC 5205/2022) establishing a new administrative procedure to be followed to obtain the reimbursement or compensation of federal taxes paid in excess of the total tax burden provided for by the applicable tax stability guarantee (the “2022 Procedure”). This 2022 Procedure replaces the 2019 Procedure established by RC 4428/2019. On 20 September 2022, CVSA submitted its claim for compensation for the export duties in respect of fiscal year 2021, which amounted to approximately $11.2 million as of 31 December 2022, pursuant to the 2022 Procedure. This claim is currently under review by the National Mining Secretary.

In total, AngloGold Ashanti’s net export duty receivables (after discounting provisions) in Argentina amounted to $9 million as of 31 December 2022.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Any mining company wishing to commence or modify any mining-related activity, as defined by the Argentinean Mining Code, including prospecting, exploration, exploitation, development, preparation, extraction, and storage of mineral substances, as well as property abandonment or mine closure activity, is required to prepare and submit to the competent provincial environmental authority an Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”) prior to commencing the work. Each EIA is required to describe the nature of the proposed work, its potential risk to the environment, and the measures that will be taken to mitigate that risk. If accepted by the competent authority, the EIA is used as the basis to create a Declaration of Environmental Impact (“DEI”) to which the mining company is required to adhere during the mining-related activity at issue. The DEI is required to be updated at least on a biannual basis. Sanctions and penalties for non-compliance with the DEI are outlined in the Environmental Protection section of the Argentinean Mining Code, and may include warnings, fines, suspension of quality certifications, obligations to restore the environment, temporary or permanent closure of activities, and withdrawal of authorisation to conduct mining-related activities.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The mining concession holder of Cerro Vanguardia, the Company’s operation in Argentina, is AngloGold Ashanti’s partner, Fomento Minero de Santa Cruz S.E. (“Fomicruz”), which is wholly owned by the Santa Cruz Province. On 27 December 1996, Fomicruz entered into a usufruct agreement whereby CVSA was granted an irrevocable right to exploit the Cerro Vanguardia deposit (encompassing an area of approximately 543 km2) for a 40-year period. The mining licence (402642/CV/97), which covers the full Mineral Reserve, expires on 26 December 2036. CVSA is a corporation incorporated in Argentina indirectly controlled by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5 percent), with Fomicruz as minority shareholder (7.5 percent). On 14 August 1996, CVSA obtained its tax, customs and foreign exchange stability certificate, which expires in 2026.

Brazil

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

The total attributable Africa Region Ore Reserve was 19.12 million ounces (2019: 17.93 million ounces). This amountsBrazilian Constitution of 1934 states that, for purposes of exploration and exploitation, deposits and other Mineral Resources constitute property separate from the soil and belong to 65 percentthe Federal Union. Exploration and exploitation of such Mineral Resources may take place only with the group’s Ore Reserve.Federal Union’s concession and in such a way as to protect the national interest. Federal law sets out penal and administrative sanctions for conduct and activities deemed harmful to the environment.

GrowthIn Brazil, the National Mining Agency (“ANM”) is the state body within the Mines and improvementEnergy Ministry (“MME”) that is responsible for: (i) the registration of mining titles, (ii) the grant of authorisations and concessions, (iii) the supervision of mining activities and mining titleholders, and (iv) the issuance of supplementary rules in relation to mining activity.

Siguiri’s combination plant project ramp-up progressed to achieve design throughput rates in the three-stage crushing plant and milling circuit. Recovery improved to 83.2% following completion of three additional CIL tank conversions and other supplementary projects. Commissioning of the fines screening plant planned for 2021 will increase the hard rock capacity of the crushing plant and improve the potential for high-grade hard rock optimisation. Furthermore, following approval of the Siguiri Block 2 feasibility study in 2020, execution is scheduled to begin in 2021.


At Geita, the focus on Ore Reserve development continued with 7,271m of development completed in 2020 compared to 4,130m in 2019. While this development provides access to the underground orebody, it also gives access to underground exploration platforms. Geita is progressing various underground projects which include ventilation, electrical supply, pumping and backfill projects to establish infrastructure for the underground operations at the Star & Comet and Nyankanga mining areas. The Geita Hill underground mining area and environmental permits were obtained and development of the access portal began in late 2020. The feasibility study For the Nyamalilima open pit project, located 2.4km from the Star & Comet underground operation, is in progress with execution planned for 2021. Furthermore, the mine initiated a national electric grid project for which the feasibility study and design are in progress for execution and connection in 2021/2022. The Grid connection planned will deliver a significantly reduced GHG emission footprint and a lower unit cost for power.

At Iduapriem, waste stripping for Teberebie Cut 2 was initiated and ore was mined from Teberebie Cut 1, Cut 3 and Ajopa. The mine is currently undergoing infrastructure development with the re-investment to take place from 2021 to 2023. Projects include
a waste-water treatment plant expansion, new TSF and return water dam. Permitting, land compensation and land access requirements run concurrently with the project and will continue as part of discussions with government, the authorities and relevant stakeholders. The mine is in the process of commissioning an additional tertiary ore crushing stage to reduce the ore feed size to the milling circuit to deal with the increased rock hardness as deeper ore is extracted. The brownfields exploration drilling campaign at the Teberebie and Ajopa pits continued in 2020.

At Kibali, the Ore Reserve depleted during 2020 was replaced for the second consecutive year, emphasising the success of the
exploration and Ore Reserve replacement strategy in place. The Megi-Marakeke-Sayi prefeasibility study was completed, delivering another viable open pit project that will improve the mine’s open cast and underground ore ratio and enhance mine plan flexibility. Drilling at Gorumbwa highlighted future underground potential. Ongoing conversion drilling at KCD underground continues to deliver additional Ore Reserve to extend the mine life. The mine is well placed to meet its 10-year production targets and to extend the production beyond this horizon.

The Obuasi redevelopment project continued during 2020, notwithstanding the challenges of COVID-19 which impacted completion of Phase 2 of the project. The project, which began in 2019, was set out in two phases. Phase 1 – Operational readiness – of the mine and plant redevelopment achieved output of 2,000 tonnes per day (tpd) of ore mined and milled. Phase 2 – the mine and plant infrastructure development – was to ramp up to 4,000tpd with commissioning underway by end December 2020.

The project made steady progress across several fronts. Commissioning of the phase 2 mills (4,000tpd capacity) began on
schedule, the Ore Reserve had increased by 22% at year-end and the metallurgical circuit was operating as planned. The mining
ramp-up was challenged by specialist-skills shortages due to COVID-19-related cases, quarantines and ongoing travel restrictions, particularly to and from Australia. Infrastructure development – the KRS ventilation shaft, the paste-fill plant and underground orehandling systems – is progressing to schedule, albeit with reduced flexibility due to similar constraints. Phase 1 achieved commercial production on 1 October 2020.

Operational Readiness continued in the fourth quarter of 2020 with capacity of 2,000tpd achieved. The project’s production for the full year ended 31 December 2020 was 127,000oz, with 30,000oz produced in the fourth quarter of the year. This included a 22-day planned stoppage in December for the tie-in of phase 2 of the project. Mining rates continued to be constrained by skilled labour challenges caused by Australian international travel restrictions during the year. These were again tightened in January 2021, with the quota of weekly travellers allowed to enter and exit the country’s airports being reduced further. This challenge is being resolved by a continued focus on in-country recruitment and training to help bridge the gap. As a result, the mine plan for 2020 was revised to take into account the COVID-19 limitations. This plan intends to achieve the required ramp-up in production
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Under the current Brazilian Mining Code, there are two kinds of mines: (i) claimstake mines (minas manifestadas), for which rights were acquired before 1934 and exist independently of any mining licence or authorisation from the Federal Government and for which the Mineral Resources constitute property of the landowner, and (ii) granted mines, which are those that rely on grants from the Federal Government for mineral exploration or exploitation (pursuant to the Brazilian Constitution of 1988). AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in parallel with the construction scheduleBrazil consist of both claimstake mines and progress is being made in the second production area at Block 8-Lower.granted mines.

Phase 2 construction was 90.1% complete asMining activities in granted mines must be performed in two defined stages: (i) exploration, which entails defining and evaluating the deposit and determining the feasibility of 31 December 2020. Commissioningexploitation, and (ii) exploitation, which involves coordinating operations aimed at the industrial exploitation of the milling circuit began and continued in early 2021. Completionmineral deposit, from the extraction of useful minerals to their processing. Exploration authorisations issued by the ANM are valid for one to four years. One extension can be obtained automatically as long as it is justified. For more than one extension, the extension request will have to satisfy specific legal requirements. In contrast, exploitation rights, once granted, are valid for the lifetime of the KRS shaft, paste-fill plantdeposit, provided the mining titleholder complies with all legal requirements. Pursuant to these requirements, for example, titleholders must (i) start work on mineral exploitation within six months from the date of publication of the Exploitation Concession, (ii) continue their mining activities until the mineral deposit has been exhausted, in accordance with the Economic Exploitation Plan (Plano de Aproveitamento Econômico) approved by the ANM, and (iii) refrain from suspending mining activities without prior notice to the GCVS ventilation shaft are targeted for June 2021 when the ramp-up of phase 2 capacity to 4,000tpd (~1.7Mt annually) is planned to begin.
84
THE AMERICAS
au-20201231_g4.jpg
au-20201231_g5.jpg
ANM.

The Americas region has threeTax laws relating to mining operations, featuring both open pit and underground mining (one in Argentina and two in Brazil) as well as two advanced greenfields projects in Colombia and exploration activities in the United States.
Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Operations
  1.     Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia (Attr. 92.5%)173 1,566 
  2.    Brazil
AGA Mineração362 5,528 
Serra Grande114 1,695 

85
Americas - Key Statistics
Unit202020192018
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt7.5 7.2 6.8 
Pay limitoz/t0.07 0.11 0.12 
g/t2.46 3.79 4.14 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.081 0.089 0.103 
g/t2.77 3.04 3.55 
Gold production (Attributable)000oz649 710 776 
Silver (attributable)Moz3.3 3.4 5.9 
Cost of sales$m764 822 838 
Total cash costs (1)
$/oz721 736 624 
All-in sustaining costs (1)
$/oz1,003 1,032 855 
Capital expenditure (2)
$m217 195 176 
Safety
Number of fatalities001 
AIFRPer million hours worked3.68 3.50 3.97 
People
Average no of employees: Total8,789 8,114 7,973 
Permanent employees6,158 5,869 5,755 
Contractors2,631 2,245 2,218 

(1)Total cash costs and all-in sustaining costs are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results-Non-GAAP analysis”.
(2)100 percent, (not attributable) and includes Colombia.

Production and costs

Total production forDuring the Americas region in 2020 declinedexploration period, the mining titleholder has to 649,000oz compared with 710,000oz in 2019, duepay an Annual Rate per Hectare (Taxa Annual por Hectare or “TAH”), subject to production declines at Serra Grande in Brazil and Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina.

At Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina, production of 173,000oz was 23% lower than 225,000oza maximum value set by law. In the previous year. As this is a mature operation, this decline was largely due to the lower grades mined and reduced tonnages owing to the impactexploitation period, regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cerro Vanguardia had been performing well in terms of plannedlegal regime governing the project (whether claimstake or granted mines), the mining titleholder has to pay the Financial Compensation for Exploiting Mineral Resources (Compensação Financeira pela Exploração Mineral or “CFEM”). The CFEM which is 1.5 percent for gold production using the available stockpile but unfortunately production was halted twice during the last quarter of the year – first a voluntary closure after the identification of positive COVID-19 cases at site in November, followed by a mandatory government-imposed lockdown in December.

In Brazil, production of 476,000oz was 2% lower than the previous year, mainly due to series of operational issues that were compounded by COVID-related restrictions. Production had improved by year end with production in the second half of the up
by 7% as a result of an increase in tonnes of ore mined.

At AGA Mineração, full year production was 362,000oz, in line with 2019 despite the impact of stoppages and absenteeism due to COVID -19, unexpected and heavier-than-normal rains in the first half of the year, and geotechnical issuesis currently calculated based on the high-grade programmed stope. The Cuiabá complex’s production declined 7% lower than in 2019 due to geological modelling which reduced the thickness of the orebody at the lower levels of the mine.

At the Córrego do Sítio (CdS) complex, production increased by 22% to 101,000oz compared with 2019. This increase was due to the higher tonnages and grades placed onto the heap leach and the higher tonnage treated in the sulphide circuit. This improvement resulted from the strategy in place at CdS Mine 1 to increase development and production. Following consolidation
of the São Bento operation (CdS II), plant capacity increased and implementation of the improvement project to improve reliability of the sulphide plant was completed.

At Serra Grande, production declined 7% to 114,000oz, mainly resulting from lower grades due to geological model changes, grade control changes and operational delays at high grade stope areas, further impacted by absenteeism due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cost of sales in the Americas region decreased by 8% from $822m in 2019 to $764m in 2020. The region’s all-in-sustaining cost of $1,003/oz for 2020 was 3% lower than $1,032/oz in 2019, a consequence mainly of depreciation against the dollar in both the Brazilian and Argentinian currencies, changes in rehabilitation provisions (economic parameters) and, in Argentina, a higher silver by-product price that was partially offset by lower gold production and inflationary
pressures.

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Total cash costs were down 2% for the region. In Brazil the decrease in total cash costs reflect the weaker exchange rate of the Brazilian real against the US dollar and the increase in stockpile inventories, coming in lower year-on-year despite lower gold
production and higher operational costs related to spare parts, rental equipment and mine contractors.

At Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina, total cash costs were 4% higher year-on-year, mainly as a result of increased inflation mainly relating to increments in salaries. Unfavourable stockpile movements due to lower tonnes mined and treated and higher royalties on the back of the higher average gold price received also contributed to increased costs. These were partially offset by higher efficiencies derived from reduced consumption of energy, maintenance services and spare parts.

Capital expenditure

Regional capital expenditure of $217m was 11% higher than the previous year and was mainly on Ore Reserve development, exploration, enhanced TSF management and maintenance, mainly for the Brazilian operations. This expenditure included $49m for the Colombian projects, mainly in relation to the MCQ land capitalisation and completion of the technical feasibility studies and the bridging engineering phase, as well as the Gramalote drilling programme and activities to do with the completion of the feasibility studies.

The Brazilian operations maintained focus on Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource conversion to improve confidence levels, while
work is underway to convert the TSFs to dry stacking.

At Cerro Vanguardia, in Argentina, COVID-related stoppages resulted in reduced Ore Reserve development as fewer metres were developed. Capital expenditure for the year was spent mostly on the replacement of mine equipment. During 2020, the mine continued with its strategy to purchase larger trucks to increase hauling and loading capacity to further improve productivity and haulage volumes. Fleet renewal will continue in 2021.

The outlook for growth capital expenditure outflows for the region until 2024 relate mainly to the Gramalote and Quebradona projects in Colombia. Quebradona will enable the group to diversify into copper production at an attractive estimated copper all-in
sustaining cost margin of between 60% to 70%. Some increase in the capital outlay is also expected between 2021 to 2022 at AGA Mineração in respect of Ore Reserve development and exploration to increase orebody confidence and ongoing TSF conversion to dry-stacking. According to current estimates, capital expenditures in 2021 required to implement this conversion to dry stacking will be in excess of $70 million.

Safety

There were no fatalities in the Americas region in 2020. Safety regressed overall with an increase in AIFR of 3.50 in 2019 to 3.68 in 2020. Regrettably, there was one fatality at the Serra Grande mine in Brazil in a fall of ground incident in early 2021.

Ore Reserverevenues.

At the end of 2011 and the beginning of 2012, the states of Minas Gerais, Pará, Amapá and Mato Grosso do Sul each created a new “inspection and control” tax (duty) on extraction and exploration activities as well as on the use of Mineral Resource carried out in those states. In the state of Minas Gerais, gold ore and silver ore are exempted from the collection of this new duty. At the end of 2020, the total attributable Ore Reserve forstate of Goiás created a new “inspection and control” tax (duty) on extraction and exploration activities carried out in this state, which currently still needs to be implemented. The constitutionality of these “inspection and control” taxes was upheld by the Americas region was 7.52 million ounces (2019: 7.2 million ounces). This is approximately 25 percentSupreme Court of the group’s total Ore Reserve.Brazil on 1 August 2022.

GrowthEnvironmental laws relating to mining

Following the catastrophic failure of a tailings storage facility (“TSF”) at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil in January 2019, executive, legislative and improvementjudiciary bodies, both at the federal and state levels, have generally increased scrutiny of mining operations in Brazil, and of TSFs in particular, and have been considering, and in some cases have adopted, stricter laws and regulations applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs in Brazil.

At the federal level, the ANM issued Resolution No. 13/19 in August 2019 (replacing its earlier Resolution No. 4/19) which adopted additional regulatory measures to ensure the stability of TSFs, in particular those built or heightened by the upstream method or by any method declared as “unknown”. Among other things, ANM Resolution No. 13/19 prohibits the upstream method for the construction or heightening of tailings dams throughout the national territory of Brazil. It further requires operators to cease all storage and disposal activities at TSFs (known as “deactivation” or “desativação”) constructed or heightened upstream or by an “unknown” method by 15 September 2021 as well as to decommission such TSFs by 15 September 2022 to 15 September 2027 (depending on the capacity volume). To comply with the terms of ANM Resolution No. 13/19, the Serra Grande tailings dam in the state of Goiás must be decommissioned by 15 September 2025. The Serra Grande mine completed the process of reinforcing the dam walls of its upstream TSF, deactivating the TSF and migrating to dry-stacking operations, each by the 15 September 2021 deadline.

Furthermore, Federal Law No. 14.066/20, adopted in October 2020, also imposes requirements on companies to decommission upstream TSFs, including the Serra Grande tailings dam, by 25 February 2022 (which date is earlier than required by ANM Resolution No. 13/19). However, Federal Law No. 14.066/20 does permit extensions of the compliance deadline, with the consent of the ANM based on the technical plan for decommissioning. Serra Grande submitted timely requests to obtain an extension of the compliance deadline until 2025 in line with the timeline set forth in ANM Resolution No. 13/19 and presented its technical plan for decommissioning. On 26 May 2022, the ANM issued a technical note allowing the extension until 2025. With respect to downstream (or “centerline”) TSFs, Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires companies, to the extent that communities are located in the self-rescue zone of those TSFs, to implement one of the following measures for such structures: either (i) the structure must be deactivated and decommissioned, (ii) the population must be relocated, with reparations for loss of cultural heritage, or (iii) reinforcement works that guarantee the effective stability of the structure must be carried out, by decision of the public authorities, taking into account the previous nature of the dam in relation to the occupation and technical-financial viability of the alternatives. Even if reinforcement works are completed, deactivation and decommissioning of those TSFs will be required at the end of the life of the mine. All of the TSFs operated by AngloGold Ashanti in Brazil have communities located in self-rescue zones.




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As of 31 December 2022, AngloGold Ashanti has fully transitioned to dry-stacking operations for tailings storage at each location in Brazil. Capital expenditures required in 2022 to implement this new technology amounted to approximately $83 million. Capital expenditures for work required to comply with TSF-related requirements during the period 2023-2025 are expected to be material but, based on preliminary estimates to date, AngloGold Ashanti anticipates that annual expenditures for each of these years will be less than in prior years and will decline over time. Neither ANM Resolution No. 13/19 nor Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires removal of all tailings material in connection with the decommissioning of TSFs (a process known as “decharacterisation” or “descaracterização”).

At the state level, the state legislator in the state of Minas Gerais adopted Law No. 23.291/19 in February 2019 which contains the state’s policy on TSF safety and should be implemented in conjunction with the equivalent federal policy. Among other things, Law No. 23.291/19 determines the criteria for licensing and inspecting TSF structures, prohibits TSFs constructed or heightened using the upstream method, establishes bond requirements and holds management liable for non-compliance with its provisions. The government of Minas Gerais adopted several decrees in furtherance of this legislation.

In addition, ANM Resolution No. 95/22, which became effective on 22 February 2022, effectively consolidates prior federal resolutions on TSFs, including ANM Resolution No. 13/19, and establishes new criteria for the operational management of TSF structures, changes the criteria related to the risk classification of TSF structures and emergency levels and sets new criteria for the suspension, embargo (order to stop operations) and interdiction of TSF activities. Operators of TSFs were mandated to conduct and submit risk assessments to the ANM by December 2022 and are required to update those risk assessments every two years. Operators are also required, on an annual basis, to obtain certifications from external consultants of the geotechnical stability of TSF structures and the adequacy of emergency response plans. In late 2022, tailings deposition was required to be suspended due to embargos at five of AngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Brazil pending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (Declaração de Conformidade e Operacionalidade (“DCO”)) as well as, at one such TSF, certification by external consultants of geotechnical stability (Declaração de Condição de Estabilidade (“DCE”)) consistent with the new standards. In addition, at the Calcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to increase gold production are underway. Productivityalign the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. Construction at the Calcinados TSF is expected to improvebegin later in 2023, and the timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. Tailings deposition at the Calcinados TSF, as a resultwell as processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant, which services the Cuiabá mine complex, is suspended until additional buttressing of the Operational Excellence initiatives that are underway. The strategy to enhance mining flexibility through focused development, that began delivering results in 2019, continued in 2020 andCalcinados TSF impoundment is key for the upcoming year.complete.

Despite a dropOn 1 December 2022, the ANM published ANM Resolution No. 122/22, which relates to administrative sanctions for non-compliance with mining and dam safety regulations and which, in production,addition to significantly increasing the Cuiabá complex achieved a record 19,357mvalues of developmentapplicable fines and penalties, establishes procedures and parameters for available sanctions including seizures of ore, goods and equipment, suspension of mining activities, demolition of mine infrastructure and invalidation or cancellation of title and exploration licences.

Further amendments to the regulatory requirements in the year, an increase of 17% from 2019 (16,563m), together with the processing of record volumes at the plant, 1.905Mt in 2020 versus 1.799Mt in 2019. These results are outcomes of an Operational Excellence strategy conducted in 2020. As part of the long-term growth strategy, the potential for new orebodies is being investigated in regional targets, along with plans for the deepening of the Cuiabá mine and the building of orebody knowledge at depthBrazil governing such TSFs and related modelling of geological behaviour.dams are expected to be adopted in 2023.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

At AGA Mineraçao, Cuiabá has a single mining concession (No. 000.323/1973) covering a total area of 3,662 hectares. In February 2022, two additional mining concessions for Cuiabá (Nos. 830.937/1979 and 831.027/1980) were published, which cover an additional area of 816.2 hectares. Lamego has a single mining concession (No. 932.710/2017) covering a total area of 1,622 hectares. Córrego do Sítio (CdS)is hosted by five geographically contiguous mining concessions (i.e., the focus remains in advancing the exploration drilling campaign to enable reserve addition to support mine flexibilityNos. 930.556/2000, 930.181/2008, 830.129/1982, 833.472/2003 and support830.943/1979) covering a future expansion. In the long term, replacementtotal area of the Lamego Ore Reserve will provide expansion opportunities at the CdS complex. In the short-to-medium term, exploration, evaluation and implementation of additional production sources are expected at both Cuiabá and CdS II.6,017 hectares.

At Serra Grande, the Company has interests in or agreements over 25,719.94 hectares in the Crixás greenstone belt, representing approximately 87 percent of the relevant tenements that correspond to all current exploration and Ore Reserve development will create options to further scale-up production, extend the lifemining activities. These have been held since 1987. The mining concessions include mining concession No. 002.286/1935 covering an area of mine4,206.88 hectares, mining concession No. 960.658/1987 covering an area of 1,946.89 hectares, mining concession No. 860.746/2005 covering an area of 88.28 hectares, mining concession No. 862.103/1994 covering an area of 125.41 hectares and sustain higher margins. Exploration and Ore Reserve development will create options to increase production, extend mine life and improve margins. An exploration drill campaign has successfully confirmed the down-plunge continuitymining concession No. 804.366/1975 covering an area of the underground mines. In addition, the discovery of other new orebodies, including Palmeiras Sul, has consistently grown the Mineral Resource. There is also opportunity for unlocking the open pit potential in the greenstone belt.196.05 hectares.

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At Cerro Vanguardia, exploration during 2020 continued searching for new viable orebodies to extend the mine life. This included
successful channel sampling and diamond drilling. A total of 25,073m was drilled as part of a long-term programme to pursue the extension of mineralisation along and down-dip of someAll of the more important veinsCompany’s mining concessions in Brazil are currently active, in good legal and operational standing, and free of liabilities and/or major obligations. Brazilian mining concessions remain valid up to the central zonedepletion of the district. The drilling
programme also targeted minor secondary veinsMineral Reserve and tested new targets several kilometres away from the main zone. Plans for 2021 include further diamond drilling to find new exploration targets and determine a new Inferred Mineral Resource pursuant to the Economic Exploitation Plan approved by the ANM and in accordance with the required environmental permits, and as well as to convert the existing Inferred Mineral Resource into Ore Reserve, as well as additional trenching, channel sampling and ground magnetics surveys.a result do not have an explicit expiry date.

The Quebradona and Gramalote projects are expected to complete feasibility studies and be presented to the board for approval in the second half in 2021. Once approved, construction at Gramalote is expected to take about three years with production expected to start in 2024. At Quebradona, construction is anticipated to take approximately four years, starting first with the underground access tunnel development, followed by orebody development and process plant construction.

In Brazil, starting from the second quarter of 2020, the Brazilian operations reviewed their portfolio to include new initiatives to create value in line with the Operational Excellence programme. Initiatives included operational and administrative efficiency gains across all sites and regional office. Increasing mine flexibility was a key focus in 2020. Operations set new records for development and processing, which helped offset negative impacts of geological model changes and other operational challenges faced throughout the year, including COVID-19.

In Argentina, the Operational Excellence initiatives related to different areas were implemented during 2020. The most significant savings resulted from the renegotiation of the natural gas contract.


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Colombia

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

General regime

The Colombian Constitution declares that the sub-soil and the non-renewable natural resources located within the Colombian territory are the property of the Colombian State. The underlying principle of Colombian mining legislation for the granting of mining concession contracts over free areas is first in time, first in law. Mining activities are regulated by the Colombian Mining Code, Act 685, 2001.

The filing of an exploration and exploitation proposal triggers a right of preference to obtain rights over the targeted area, provided it is available. Such area cannot exceed 10,000 hectares. Upon receipt of a proposal, the relevant government agency determines whether another proposal or contract already governs the area. If there are no pre-existing claims, the government agency grants the applicant a “free area”.

With respect to land ownership, a mining concession in Colombia does not grant the rights over the surface required to develop a mining project. Therefore, in order to develop a mining project, it is required to acquire and secure access to the land (soil). This can be achieved in several ways, such as (i) purchase of the land, (ii) a transit easement, (iii) a mining easement, and (iv) the special acquisition process or expropriation.

Concession contract

As the sub-soil and the non-renewable natural resources located within the Colombian territory are property of the Colombian State, the Colombian Mining Authority (Agencia Nacional de Minería) grants the authorisation to explore and exploit minerals through a concession contract.

Such concessions allow concessionaires to conduct the studies, works and facilities necessary to establish the existence of minerals and to organise their exploitation. Upon being awarded a mining concession, a company must take out an insurance policy to cover the costs associated with potential environmental damage as well as breaches of its mining obligations. It may then proceed with exploration activities. Once the exploration phase is complete, the concessionaire files a new plan regarding proposed works and facilities. With the award of the mining concession or tenement contract, there are specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, e.g. exploration, construction, exploitation. The company must comply with these timelines unless performance is suspended, for example, due to force majeure or these timelines are extended or modified. A grant of force majeure is for one year and must be renewed on an annual basis. If the company does not comply with the specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, the mining authority may revoke the company's concession contracts or mining licences. As a general matter, any company that wishes to obtain a renewal of its concession contract must be up to date in all its legal and contractual obligations and must present a new plan of works and facilities to be implemented after the contract is renewed.

PINES programme

In 2013, the national government instituted the PINES programme designed to aid promoting certain projects that are deemed to have a national interest. This designation provides for greater oversight from the national government. All of our three advanced exploration projects (La Colosa, Quebradona and Gramalote) were considered of national strategic interest. Currently, Quebradona and Gramalote remain in the PINES programme, but La Colosa was temporarily removed as such (until the force majeure is over).

Tax laws relating to mining

From the moment the concession contract is registered with the Mining Register, the concessionaire has several financial obligations, including the payment of (i) a surface fee during the exploration, construction and assembly stage and (ii) royalties.

Once exploration is complete and the mining infrastructure in place, the concessionaire must begin paying royalties to the Colombian government, consisting of a percentage of the primary product and sub-products being exploited. The percentage of the royalty depends on the regulation in force when the concession contract is registered. In the case of the Quebradona project, the deposit mainly consists of copper followed by gold and silver. There is a five percent royalty for copper on the production value at the mine’s or well’s edge (i.e. when extracted from the subsoil). In case of gold and silver, a royalty of four percent on the production valued at the mine’s or well’s edge (i.e. when extracted from the subsoil) was established.

Furthermore, Colombian law establishes that once the environmental licence is granted the concessionaire must invest one percent of the project’s value to benefit the basins covered by the environmental licence.







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Environmental laws relating to mining

In order to obtain an authorisation to carry out a mining project, a company must prepare an Environmental Impact Study (“EIA”) for approval by the National Environmental Licensing Authority of Colombia (Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales or “ANLA”). Global environmental licences are granted for the entire life of the project and cover all phases: construction, assembly, operation, maintenance, dismantling, final restoration, abandonment and/or termination. Construction and assembly permits (Plan de Trabajos y Obras or “PTO”) are granted by the mining authority with jurisdiction over the project.

In Colombia, the mining authority has the discretion to declare the underlying concession void if the specific company which holds the concession breaches applicable environmental laws or regulations. If the mining authority were to exercise such discretion, a company whose concession was voided would be required to abandon its projects and all of its other existing mining concession contracts. Pending proposals for new mining concession contracts would also be cancelled and the company would be banned from doing business with the Colombian government for a period of five years. As a result, the company would be unable to conduct any mining exploration or development activities during such period. However, this would not affect other subsidiaries of the company operating in Colombia, if those concession contracts are held singularly or in concert with joint venture partners.

Mining activity is prohibited in national parks, regional parks, protected forest reserves, paramos (included in Act 1753, introduced in 2015) and wetlands, pursuant to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance. Some forest reserves are not “protected” but are set aside for active forestry purposes and the concessionaire must obtain a specific permit to partially and temporarily change the use of the soil before pursuing exploration activities. In addition, Resolution 1987/2016, passed by the national government in late 2016, identifies areas that the Ministry of the Environment has determined to be “paramos” areas, or paramos transition areas. In these areas there are limitations on industrial or commercial work being performed, including mining. The regulation also specifies a process to determine what work, if any, can be performed in a paramos-designated area.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The La Colosa project managed by AngloGold Ashanti Colombia S.A.S. (“AGA Colombia”) remains in force majeure due to delays in granting environmental permits by national and local environmental authorities, thereby preventing AGA Colombia from undertaking further exploration activities. The most recent one-year grant of force majeure, during which time the specified timelines for completing the various phases of the mining project under the concession contract are suspended, will expire on 22 June 2023. AGA Colombia applied for a mining area integration (consolidation) of its concession contracts related to La Colosa, in respect of which AGA Colombia was not in compliance with some of the specified timelines. The application for mining area integration (consolidation) was approved in March 2017, which remedied the non-compliance of each consolidated concession and reset the specified timelines. La Colosa now has a single integrated mining concession contract (EIG-163) which covers a total area of 9,210 hectares and expires on 28 February 2037.

Minera de Cobre Quebradona S.A.S. B.I.C. (“MCQ”) which manages the Quebradona project, obtained the integration of concession agreement 5881 in October 2016 and registered in December 2016. As a result, MCQ was granted the exclusive right to explore, take ownership and dispose of the mineral reserves (ore) extracted from the concession area. MCQ has the right to request an extension of up to 30 years, at least two years before the expiration of the operating period. This extension is not automatic, and the request must be filed with new technical, economic, environmental and social studies that demonstrate the status of the mineral resources. Concession contract 5881 initially covered a total area of 7,593 hectares, which was reduced to 4,881.89 hectares by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia) on 4 March 2022. It will expire in May 2037 and is currently in its seventh year of the integrated exploration phase. In September 2021, the permits for the construction and mining operation were approved by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia). On 4 November 2021, ANLA officially notified AngloGold Ashanti of its decision to ‘archive’ the environmental licence application relating to the Quebradona project. ANLA has neither denied nor granted the licence, but deemed that the information provided by AngloGold Ashanti is not enough for this authority to take a substantive decision. On 18 November 2021, AngloGold Ashanti appealed the archiving decision in order to secure further details on the specific additional information ANLA requires to make a determination. ANLA denied the appeal on 29 April 2022 and the archiving decision was confirmed. AngloGold Ashanti is in the process of preparing a new Environmental Impact Assessment for the Quebradona project to submit to ANLA in connection with its environmental licence application.

The Gramalote project is organised as a joint operation between AngloGold Ashanti (through AGA Colombia Holdings Limited and AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc) and B2Gold (through B2Gold Corp. and Graminvest Ventures Limited). Gramalote Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of British Virgin Islands which is the legal vehicle operating the joint operation, established a Colombian branch, Gramalote Colombia Limited (“GCL”), to carry out activities in Colombia and obtain the mining concession contracts necessary to develop the Gramalote project. The Gramalote joint operation has been operated by B2Gold since January 2020. Pursuant to an integrated mining concession contract No. 14292, GCL was granted the exclusive right to explore, take ownership and dispose of the mineral reserves (ore) extracted from the concession area (which covers a total area of 8,720.71 hectares and includes the Gramalote and Monjas anomalies) until April 2043. GCL has the right to request an extension of the operating period for up to 20 years, and, if exercised, such request to extend must include new technical, economic, environmental and social studies that demonstrate the status of the mineral resources. Currently, concession contract



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No. 14292 is in the phase of construction and assembly, pending resettlement of communities and the formal start of construction activities. GCL has received an environmental licence granted by ANLA and permits for the construction and mining operation which were approved by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia). GCL also holds an exploration concession No. 4894 (which covers a total area of 2,279.32 hectares and includes the Trinidad anomaly) which expires in 2044 and an exploration concession No. QHQ-16081 (which covers a total area of 9.78 hectares) which expires in 2052. Following the completion of the feasibility study in the second half of 2022, AngloGold Ashanti and B2Gold determined that the Gramalote project does not meet their investment thresholds for development. Following a comprehensive review of the alternatives relating to the project, both joint operation parties commenced a joint sales process for the Gramalote project, which is currently ongoing.

United States of America (Nevada)

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

General regime

Mineral and surface rights in the United States are owned by private parties, state governments or the federal government. The majority of land utilised for precious metals exploration, development and mining in the western United States is owned by the federal government. The right to mine on such federal land in western states is governed by the U.S. General Mining Law of 1872, as amended (the “General Mining Law”), as well as relevant state statutes and regulations. The General Mining Law allows mining claims (for mining and mining-related activities) on certain federal lands after proper compliance with claim location and maintenance requirements.

Mineral exploration activities in Nevada are also generally subject to applicable federal, state, and local permitting requirements, but the specific regulatory authorisations required for the company’s activities are based on the nature and location of the exploratory work. Many of the company’s Nevada operations are currently conducted under what is generally referred to under federal law as a notice-level operation subject to 43 CFR § 3809.21, while projects that are more advanced require additional permitting, including a Plan of Operations approved by the federal Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”). The State of Nevada Division of Environmental Protection’s Bureau of Mining Regulation and Reclamation (“BMRR”) also regulates mining within the state of Nevada. However, exploration projects of five acres or less on federal land, the scope of a notice-level operation under federal law, are exempt from BMRR regulation. Certain of the company’s early-stage exploration activities fall within this exemption.

The company is currently engaged in exploration activities on certain of its unpatented claims that include, but are not limited to, geological and spectral mapping, surface geochemical sampling, geophysical surveying and RC and/or diamond drilling.

Potential regulatory changes

Over the years, the U.S. Congress has considered a number of proposed amendments to the General Mining Law and other federal statutes relating to mining. Among the significant features contained in previously proposed legislation were a production royalty obligation, new and more stringent environmental standards and conditions, additional reclamation requirements, extensive new procedural steps which would likely result in extended permitting timelines, and granting counties and other entities the ability to petition the U.S. Secretary of the Interior to make certain areas unavailable for the location of unpatented mining claims. In June 2020, former President Trump signed an executive order directing certain federal agencies to streamline the review processes associated with permitting of infrastructure and natural resources projects. Many of those policies have subsequently been rescinded by the Biden administration. While certain other executive orders may favorably affect the timing of our permit and project approvals, the impact is yet to be determined and remains uncertain.

There are a number of bills being proposed to the Nevada state legislature during the 2023 legislative session that could impact the company’s planned operations. These include proposed legislation that would alter the way water rights are administered by the state, as well as a bill that would, if enacted, impose additional requirements for environmental review of mineral development projects in Nevada. At this stage, it is not possible to evaluate whether these bills will be enacted in any form by the Nevada state legislature or, if passed, what impact any might have on AGA.

AGA is currently unaware of any other new federal or state legislative or regulatory changes or rule-making that has been proposed or enacted that would adversely affect its current exploration programmes. If any requirements, standards or conditions were adopted in the future that imposed additional or new obligations or costs on AGA in connection with our exploration or extraction activities in the United States, the company’s operations in Nevada could be adversely affected.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

In Nevada, the company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries hold a significant number of unpatented mining claims on federal lands. The Silicon project consists of approximately 950 unpatented mining claims. The North Bullfrog project consists of 45 patented and approximately 1,600 unpatented mining claims (covering approximately 32,000 acres) situated in the Bullfrog mining district. There are also nine mining leases within the North Bullfrog project the majority of which continue in perpetuity so long as the company meets certain minimal requirements for use of the land. One mining lease is scheduled to expire in 2031. The Mother



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Lode project consists of 13 unpatented mining claims. The North Bullfrog and Mother Lode projects are now controlled by the company as a result of its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Corvus Gold Inc., which closed on 18 January 2022. The southern claim block, encompassing the Sterling mine and other properties in the same general area, consists of approximately 1,900 unpatented claims (covering approximately 35,000 acres), which are now controlled by the company as a result of its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Coeur Sterling, Inc. (a subsidiary of Coeur Mining, Inc.), which closed on 4 November 2022. As a result of this acquisition, the company now controls a past-producing mine site in southern Nevada known as the Sterling mine, which has one applicable mining lease that expires in 2029, with the option to extend the lease for an additional ten-year period. Although the Sterling mine is currently in care and maintenance status, it remains subject to complex permitting and regulatory requirements, including compliance with relevant provisions of the U.S. Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 and oversight by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”).

MINE SITE REHABILITATION AND CLOSURE

Closure, an integral part of operations

All mining operations eventually cease. An integral aspect of operating AngloGold Ashanti’s mines is ongoing planning for site closure and, where feasible, implementation of concurrent rehabilitation, together with an estimate of associated liability costs and the placement of adequate financial provisions and assurances to cover these costs.

AngloGold Ashanti integrates mine closure planning throughout the mine life cycle as follows:
•Exploration stage: developing a plan and programme for cessation and closure of exploration activities in a manner that meets local laws and AngloGold Ashanti's mine closure planning standard.
•Project phase: developing conceptual closure plans and cost estimates for all projects and including them in project feasibility studies, designs and evaluations.
•Operational phase: developing and periodically updating mine closure plans and cost estimates with increasing levels of detail and confidence over the operational phase as part of the business planning process. Closure plan updates take into account operational conditions, planning and regulatory requirements as well as advances in technology and international industry good practice (e.g., the ICMM Integrated Mine Closure Good Practice Guide). Concurrent rehabilitation, which is carried out while a mine is still operational, is a good practice that serves to decrease the final rehabilitation and closure work as well as the ultimate liability.
•Closure period: implementing the final closure plan starting at cessation of operations through a period of decommissioning, dismantling and rehabilitation until the point in time where management of the site is largely limited to monitoring and maintenance.

The Company’s group mine closure planning standard stipulates that closure planning must be undertaken in consultation with the stakeholders. In the course of these consultations, different issues are raised which require site-specific solutions. Each mine closure plan includes a social transition plan which seeks to minimise social impacts and maximise opportunities for local communities, including human resource, social infrastructure, economic and financial assets with the aim of enhancing the self-sustainability of mine communities after mine closure.

Provisions for decommissioning and restoration costs are made when there is a present obligation, it is probable that expenditure on decommissioning and restoration work will be required and the cost can be estimated within a reasonable range of possible outcomes. These costs are based on currently available facts, technology expected to be available at the time of the rehabilitation, laws and regulations presently or virtually certain to be enacted and previous experience in the rehabilitation of mine sites.

Decommissioning costs and restoration costs are provided at the present value of the expenditures expected to settle the obligation, using estimated cash flows based on current prices. Estimates are discounted at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money.

Total provisions for decommissioning and for environmental restoration activities (excluding joint ventures) decreased by $95 million from $673 million in 2021 to $578 million in 2022. This decrease was mainly due to changes in estimates resulting from changes in discount rates, changes in global economic assumptions, changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows as well as changes in the design of TSFs.

SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE (“ESG”) MATTERS

AngloGold Ashanti’s sustainability approach is fundamental to how the Company operates its business, as well as its ability to create long-term value for its shareholders, employees and social partners through safely and responsibly exploring, mining and marketing its products. Sustainability and safety are integrated into the Company’s business and operations at all levels through various frameworks, standards and policies, and the Company measures its performance in achieving its goals against its sustainability and other ESG metrics, as well as its engagement with stakeholders.

In mitigating the risks and impacts that are an inherent part of its business, AngloGold Ashanti is informed by an annual assessment of its key ESG issues. This process is aligned with guidance published by the International Integrated Reporting Council (“IIRC”), the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (“SASB”), the Global Reporting Initiative (“GRI”) Standards and



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the Accountability AA1000 Stakeholder Management Standard. This assessment is annually reviewed by AngloGold Ashanti’s senior leadership and approved by the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee (the “SES Committee”).

AngloGold Ashanti’s board of directors, assisted by the SES Committee, has ultimate responsibility over environmental, safety, health and ethical matters and for the integration of sustainability objectives into AngloGold Ashanti’s business. This includes oversight of the Company’s stakeholder engagement framework and structures, which apply to investors, employees, governments, suppliers and communities, at every stage of its business from exploration to mine closure. Group Corporate Affairs and Sustainability is responsible for development of management systems and supports the Company’s general managers in the day-to-day implementation of its sustainability strategy.

AngloGold Ashanti maintains a set of policies and procedures to guide the Company in acting as a responsible corporate citizen, including the Code of Business Principles and Ethics which sets requirements for the implementation of key corporate policies and guidelines and applies to all management and employees, and to maintain compliance with applicable environmental, health and safety (“EHS”) laws. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti continued with the implementation of the Integrated Sustainability Information Management System (“iSIMS”), in order to improve internal reporting and better integrate, manage and monitor sustainability activities with respect to its broader business. This common management and reporting application for all sustainability disciplines, from safety, health and security to community and environmental management, is expected to help provide timely information in each of these areas, and to facilitate transparency and decision-making in its processes and practices.

Significant EHS requirements and ESG risks and trends affecting the Company’s mining and processing operations are described below.

EHS Regulatory Compliance

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to extensive EHS laws and regulations in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. These requirements govern, among other things, extraction, use, conservation and discharge of water; air emissions (including dust control and greenhouse gases (“GHGs”)); mine and dam safety, regulatory and community reporting; clean-up of contamination; land use and conservation of protected areas; rehabilitation and closure of mined land; worker health and safety and community health; and the generation, transportation, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes, such as reagents, radioactive materials, and mine tailings. Environmental laws and regulations applicable to the Company’s operations, including the requirements contained in environmental permits, are generally becoming more restrictive.

Capital and operating costs to comply with EHS laws and regulations have been, and are expected to continue to be, significant to AngloGold Ashanti. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti could incur fines, penalties and other sanctions, environmental clean-up costs, and third-party claims for personal injury or property or natural resources damages; suffer reputational damage; and be required to install costly pollution control equipment or to modify or suspend facilities, such as TSFs, or operations, as a result of actual or alleged violations of, or liabilities under, EHS laws and regulations. Failure to comply with applicable EHS laws and regulations may also result in the suspension or revocation of permits and, in some jurisdictions, the right to mine a given concession. AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to obtain and maintain permits and other approvals and to successfully operate near host communities may be adversely impacted by real or perceived effects on the environment or human health and safety associated with AngloGold Ashanti’s or other mining companies’ activities. In addition, unknown environmental hazards may exist at the Company’s properties which may have been caused by previous owners or operators.

Water Management

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are heavily dependent upon access to substantial volumes of water for use in the mining and extractive processes and typically are subject to water-use permits or rights to extract water from certain natural sources that govern usage and require, among other things, that mining operations maintain certain water quality upon discharge. Water supply, quality and usage are areas of concern across all of the Company’s operations, including with respect to the Company’s mining operations in Ghana and Brazil, its mine development projects in Nevada, as well as its mine development project at Quebradona in Colombia. Any failure by the Company to secure access to suitable water supplies, or achieve and maintain compliance with applicable requirements of the permits or licences, could result in curtailment or halting of production at the affected operations. Incidents of water pollution or shortage can, in certain cases, lead to community protest and ultimately to the withdrawal of community and government support for AngloGold Ashanti’s operations. A failure by the Company to comply with water contamination related directives may result in further, more stringent, directives being issued against the Company, which may, in some cases, result in a temporary or partial shutdown of some of the Company’s operations.

Where feasible, the Company operates a “closed loop” system which recycles the water used in its operations without discharging it to the environment. In some areas, however, such as Ghana and Brazil, high levels of rainfall and surface water runoff mean that a closed loop system is not feasible and that discharges, after water treatment where necessary, must take place.








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Waste Management

During open-pit mining, large volumes of soil and/or rock (overburden) are mined to expose the ore body. Similarly, waste rock is mined during drilling and developing access to underground ore bodies. Overburden and waste rock typically contain sub-economic levels of gold and are deposited as large waste rock facilities. Mine tailings are the process waste generated once grinding and extraction of gold from the ore is completed in the milling process and are typically deposited as slurry in large tailing storage facilities (“TSFs”) specifically designed for this purpose.

The impact of dust generation, breach, leak, or other failure of a waste rock facility or TSF, including any associated dam, can be significant, and the Company therefore monitors such facilities closely in accordance with the Company’s internal standards, independent review, national regulatory requirements, industry standards and commitments made to local communities. The occasional well-publicised failure of a third-party TSF and the potential impact of such failure also mean that these facilities are generally tightly regulated. A safety or environmental incident at the Company’s operations could result, among other things, in enforcement, including mandatory shutdown of a TSF and related facilities, obligations to remediate environmental contamination, negative press coverage, and claims for property or natural resources damages and personal injury by adjacent communities. Incidents at other mining companies’ operations could result in governmental action to tighten regulatory requirements and restrict certain mining activities, in particular with respect to TSFs, also in respect of other mine operators in that region.

For example, following the catastrophic failure of a TSF at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil in January 2019, tailings were discharged into the mine’s administrative area and part of the local community, reportedly resulting in death or injury to hundreds of people. As a result of this incident, there has been considerably increased regulatory scrutiny in Brazil and other areas on mining operations generally, and the requirements applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs have generally become far more stringent. For example, in late 2022, tailings deposition was suspended at five of AngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Brazil pending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (“DCO”) and/or geotechnical stability (“DCE”) consistent with new regulatory standards enacted in early 2022. In addition, at the Calcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. The timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. For further information on the regulatory framework governing TSFs in Brazil, see “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil”.

In addition, a new Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (“GISTM”) was established in August 2020 by a panel comprised of industry and non-governmental organisation (“NGO”) experts. AngloGold Ashanti has committed to comply with the GISTM at all of its TSFs by August 2025, and the costs related to meeting such standard are not expected to be material to AngloGold Ashanti.

In addition, AngloGold Ashanti could incur liabilities, or material costs to manage solid and hazardous waste generated by its mining activities, including dust and residual chemicals and metals. For example, AngloGold Ashanti expects to incur approximately $25 million to $30 million in capital expenditure and operating costs during 2023-2026 in connection with treatment and disposal of a quantity of legacy arsenic trioxide waste located at the Obuasi mine.

Groundwater Impacts and Environmental Remediation

As AngloGold Ashanti or its predecessors have a long history of mining operations in certain regions, issues may arise regarding historical, as well as potential future, environmental or health impacts in those areas, for which AGA, as the current owner/operator, may be legally responsible. For example, AngloGold Ashanti has identified groundwater contamination plumes at certain of its operations. Numerous scientific, technical and legal studies have been undertaken to assist in determining the magnitude of the impact and to find sustainable remediation solutions. Based on those studies as well as discussion with regulators, the Company has taken steps, including monitored natural attenuation and phyto-technologies, to address soil and groundwater contamination, including in Tanzania, where an in-situ remediation project to address sulfate in groundwater commenced operations in 2022.

Subject to the completion of site-specific trials and potential technologies being confirmed as viable remediation techniques, no reliable estimate can be made at this time for the obligation. Should these obligations be significant, this could have a material adverse impact upon AngloGold Ashanti’s results and its financial condition.

Climate Change and GHG Regulation

At AngloGold Ashanti, climate change is a board of directors-level governance issue, overseen by the SES Committee and the Audit and Risk Committee. AngloGold Ashanti’s Climate Change Strategy, which was approved by the board of directors in November 2021, seeks to embed the management of physical, regulatory and transition climate change-related risks, as well as climate change-related opportunities, into the Company’s strategic and operational planning processes.




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In 2021, AngloGold Ashanti committed to the International Council on Mining & Metals (“ICMM”) target of achieving net zero Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions by 2050. AngloGold Ashanti has also committed to achieving a 30 percent reduction in absolute Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030 (as compared to a 2021 baseline), and, in partnership with value chain partners, to set Scope 3 GHG reduction targets, if not by the end of 2023, as soon as possible thereafter.

In December 2015, certain members of the international community negotiated a treaty at the Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris (the “Paris Agreement”). The Paris Agreement, which came into force on 4 November 2016, requires developed countries to set targets for emissions reductions. As a result, measures designed to limit or reduce GHG emissions, both mandatory and voluntary, have been, and are expected to be, implemented at national or regional levels in various countries.
New regulatory requirements, or changes required to effectively transition to a low-carbon economy, could require AngloGold Ashanti to reduce its direct GHG emissions or energy use, change its fuel mix or incur significant costs for GHG emissions permits or taxes, including for those costs or taxes passed on by electricity utilities which supply the Company’s operations. AngloGold Ashanti could also incur significant costs associated with capital equipment, GHG monitoring and reporting and other obligations to comply with applicable requirements. The most likely source of these obligations is through nation state-level implementation of new emissions or financial obligations pursuant to evolving climate change regulatory regimes.

For example, in 2010, Brazil launched the National Climate Change Policy, which established a voluntary national GHG reduction target of 36.1 percent to 38.9 percent below the projected emissions in 2020 for “business as usual”. The policy required the development of sector-specific plans in order to meet the target and provided for a Brazilian GHG trading scheme, which is yet to be designed. While Brazil is not yet requiring mandatory GHG emissions reporting at the national level, some state environmental agencies have requested companies to voluntarily submit GHG emissions management plans. However, the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais (in which AngloGold Ashanti operates) do not currently require GHG emissions management plans for mining projects. In 2015, Brazil announced, in connection with its commitments under the Paris Agreement, economy-wide absolute mitigation targets providing for a 37 percent reduction in GHG emissions by 2025, as compared to 2005, and a goal to reduce GHG emissions by 43 percent by 2030 compared to 2005 levels.

In addition, in Australia, the Safeguard Mechanism (Rule 2015), through the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (“NGER”) scheme, provides a framework for Australia’s largest emitters to measure, report and manage their emissions. The Safeguard Mechanism applies to facilities with Scope 1 covered GHG emissions of more than 100,000 tonnes of CO2e per fiscal year. During the 2018/19 fiscal year, Tropicana’s emissions were within its authorised threshold and Sunrise Dam was required to purchase offsets for emissions that were 0.8 percent above its safeguard threshold, the cost of which was immaterial. Two amendments to the Safeguard Mechanism (Rule 2015) enacted in March 2019 and May 2020 allowed for the application of transitional calculated baselines using estimated CO2-e emissions intensities. Based on the production and emissions forecasts, the Australian mining operations applied to use transitional calculated baselines in 2020 for Sunrise Dam and Tropicana, which were approved by the Clean Energy Regulator effective 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2022 for both operations. Thereafter, the Australian mining operations will be required to apply production-adjusted baselines and, if actual emissions exceed the baseline, to purchase emissions offsets for the business. In any event, the cost of such offsets, if ultimately required to be purchased, including due to a change in the operations under the business plan prior to June 2022, are not expected to be material to the Company’s business.

In addition to more stringent requirements and commitments, AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are subject to a number of physical risks from climate change, such as changes in rainfall rates or patterns resulting in floods or droughts, reduced water availability, higher temperatures and extreme weather events. Such events or conditions, particularly including flooding or inadequate water supplies, could disrupt mining and transport operations, mineral processing and rehabilitation efforts, create resource or energy shortages or damage the Company’s property or equipment and increase health and safety risks on site. In consultation with external consultants, physical climate risk assessments were undertaken for all operations using current climate models for the business and various decarbonisation scenarios and climate adaptation plans were outlined. These physical climate risks will be further reviewed and refined in 2023.

Occupational Safety and Health

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to a variety of laws and regulations in each of the jurisdictions where the Company operates that are designed to protect and improve the safety and health of employees. In some of the jurisdictions in which AngloGold Ashanti operates, the government enforces compulsory shutdowns of operations to enable investigations into the cause of accidents and introduce corrective measures at those operations.

Safety remains a priority for AngloGold Ashanti and a focus of AngloGold Ashanti’s long-term sustainability approach, as well as the Company’s continuing efforts to manage the risks inherent to its operations, to model critical controls and to strengthen safety protocols and preventative measures. AngloGold Ashanti has made significant strides in improving safety. In 2022, there was a 41 percent reduction in year-on-year total recordable injury frequency rate, and no fatalities at any of the mines operated by AngloGold Ashanti.

AngloGold Ashanti’s Group Safety Strategy, which is updated every three years, seeks to integrate operational risk management and key performance indicators at all levels of the organisation and maintain alignment with global safety standards. The SES



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Committee oversees the implementation of the Group Safety Strategy. All operations, have been certified to ISO 45001:2018, which has replaced the OHSAS 18001:2007 series.

Community Health and Tropical Diseases

AngloGold Ashanti is also subject to health and safety regulations relating to occupational disease. The primary areas of focus in respect of occupational health of employees within the Company’s operations are noise-induced hearing loss (“NIHL”) and occupational lung diseases (“OLD”). OLD includes occupational tuberculosis and silicosis in individuals exposed to silica dust. Silicosis has been particularly prevalent in South Africa and has also arisen at the Company’s Africa region and Brazilian operations, albeit to a far lesser extent. AngloGold Ashanti provides occupational health services to its employees at its occupational health centres, clinics, and through outsourced service centres. The Company continues to expand preventative occupational hygiene initiatives, such as implementing various control measures to prevent hazardous exposures, and providing employees with Personal Protective Equipment.

In 2019, the Johannesburg High Court approved the settlement of existing silicosis and tuberculosis class actions against AngloGold Ashanti and other gold mining companies in South Africa. The recent sale of the Company’s South African operating assets and liabilities did not include the silicosis or tuberculosis settlement obligations relating to South African employees, which were retained by AngloGold Ashanti. For further information, see “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1.2—Statement of Compliance—Significant Accounting Judgements and Estimates—Provision for silicosis”.

In addition to OLD, HIV and AIDS and associated diseases remain major health care challenges faced by AngloGold Ashanti’s Africa region operations. AngloGold Ashanti continues to implement programmes to help those infected with HIV and prevent new infections from spreading.

Malaria and other tropical diseases also pose health risks at all of the Company’s operations in Central, West and East Africa where such diseases may assume epidemic proportions because of ineffective national control programmes. Malaria is a major cause of death in young children and pregnant women and also gives rise to deaths and absenteeism in adults. All affected Company operations in Africa have malaria control programmes in place. The Ghana Obuasi malaria control programme activities have been completed in 16 districts of Ghana as planned for 2022 and a new cycle of indoor residual spraying will commence in 2023; in partnership with the Global Fund and the Ghana Department of Health.

In 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic subsided significantly with decreases in reporting of severe disease or deaths. Nevertheless, AngloGold Ashanti continued to direct resources for close surveillance and maintenance of controls within the company with a view to ensure continuity of its operations and avoid any potential disruption in the event of a re-emergence of the pandemic. Universal access to safe and effective vaccines provided an additional layer of protection, especially against severe forms of disease, hospitalisation and death. The company endeavoured to continue to provide prompt access to approved and available vaccines for all workers, especially employees considered to be at high risk as well as employees with critical skills.

The emergence of COVID-19 however also assisted to better integrate broad health risk management beyond occupational health into the overall business strategy, to contribute to productivity as well as the social licence to operate and to improve various prevention and risk management protocols in place to address the potential risk of an epidemic or pandemic, particularly after the company’s experience with Ebola in Guinea in 2014 and 2015.

The company focused on optimising mental wellbeing, minimising non-communicable diseases associated with lifestyle as well as the need for systematic contribution to health system strengthening, local skill development and overall community development in the jurisdictions in which it operates. Such risks impair the health of workers and negatively affect productivity and profitability as a result of workers’ diminished focus or skill, absenteeism, treatment costs and allocated resources. As part of AngloGold Ashanti’s continuing efforts, the company recently approved the newly updated health, hygiene and wellbeing standards based on identified major health hazards or risks which include gender, cultural and other applicable diversity considerations for risk management and controls.

Diversity and Inclusion (“D&I”)

With more than 30,000 employees (including contractor employees) on four continents, AngloGold Ashanti believes that having a diverse and inclusive workforce is important to continuing to attract talent in order to maintain competitiveness and the long-term sustainability of its business. In addition, the Company strives to have a workforce that represents the societies in which AngloGold Ashanti operates in connection with maintaining its social licence to operate.

AngloGold Ashanti’s D&I approach is aligned to the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (“UNSDGs”) (SDG 5, 8 and 10) and the United Nations Global Compact (“UNGC”). The Company has developed a Diversity & Inclusion Framework, which aims to foster the empowerment of all staff, irrespective of race, gender, ethnicity, religion and sexual orientation and has established specific priorities and actions for the next two to five years to foster the inclusion of D&I objectives in its processes. Leadership teams are responsible for meeting defined diversity targets. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti conducted an analysis of global gender data across job level, function and country. The analysis was carried out to inform AngloGold Ashanti’s D&I strategy.




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Human Rights and Indigenous Peoples

In its commitment to respecting and promoting human rights, AngloGold Ashanti supports the United Nations Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights (“UNGP”) and other international initiatives, including the UNGC and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights (“VPSHR”). The VPSHR, which seeks to balance safety and security needs against respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, were developed through multi-stakeholder participation between governments, extractive industry members and NGOs. Community and security related matters, including with respect to illegal and artisanal and small-scale mining and related intrusions into the Company’s operational areas, are addressed at board of directors-level by the SES Committee. AngloGold Ashanti’s internal Human Rights Framework includes numerous policies, management standards and guidance documents which apply to all of its employees, contractors and suppliers and require reporting of, and redress for, human rights violations and related allegations.

The Company is aligned with the ICMM Position Statement on Indigenous Peoples and the International Finance Corporation’s Performance Standard 7 on Indigenous Peoples and other international standards and treaties in the area of Indigenous Peoples’ rights.







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ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI GLOBAL FOOTPRINT: 2022
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Operations and projects


Notes
(1) Gramalote is managed by B2Gold Corp ("B2Gold").
(2) AngloGold Ashanti acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold Inc. ("Corvus Gold") acquisition in January 2022.
(3) AngloGold Ashanti acquired Sterling through the Coeur Sterling, Inc. ("Coeur Sterling") acquisition in November 2022.
(4) Kibali is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick").





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AUSTRALIASOUTH AFRICA

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As part of the South African asset sale, AngloGold Ashanti Limited sold its remaining three mining rights in South Africa to Golden Core Trade and Invest (Pty) Ltd (“Golden Core”) and Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited pursuant to a sale agreement concluded on or about 12 February 2020, as amended and reinstated from time to time (the “SA Sale Agreement”). These mining rights relate to operations in the West Wits area.

Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Operations
Australia
1.   Sunrise Dam256 622 
2.   Tropicana 70%298 608 
AngloGold Ashanti’s Australian assets comprise the wholly owned Sunrise Dam and the 70 percent-owned Tropicana Gold mine located in the north-eastern goldfields of the state of Western Australia.General laws relating to mining

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Australia - Key Statistics
Unit202020192018
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt10.2 10.1 9.5 
Pay limitoz/t0.06 0.06 0.07 
g/t1.95 1.95 2.10 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.054 0.060 0.065 
g/t1.69 1.87 2.01 
Gold production (attributable)000oz554 614 625 
Cost of sales$m705 632 622 
  Total cash costs (1)
$/oz968 730 762 
  All-in sustaining costs (1)
$/oz1,225 990 1,038 
Capital expenditure$m143 149 156 
Safety
Number of fatalities000
AIFRPer million hours worked3.74 7.33 9.14 
People
Average no of employees: Total1,230 1,140 1,051 
Permanent employees259 249 238 
Contractors 971 891 813 
The MPRDA

(1)Total cash costsThe Mineral and all-in sustaining costsPetroleum Resources Development Act, No. 28 of 2002 (the “MPRDA”) came into effect on 1 May 2004. The objectives of the MPRDA are, non-GAAP measures. For further informationamongst other things, to allow for state sovereignty over all mineral and petroleum resources in the country, to promote economic growth and the development of these resources and to expand opportunities for the historically disadvantaged and to ensure security of tenure for the respective operations concerning prospecting, exploration, mining and production. By virtue of the provisions of the MPRDA, the state ensures that holders of mining and prospecting rights contribute to the socioeconomic development of the areas in which they operate. The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Amendment Act, No. 49 of 2008 (the “MPRDAA”) became effective on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results-Non-GAAP analysis”.7 June 2013. On 23 April 2004, the Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy (the “MRE Minister”) published, under the terms of the MPRDA, the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Regulations in order to implement the provisions of the MPRDA and MPRDAA. These implementation regulations were amended on 27 March 2020.

The mining charter

Since 2004, a series of mining charters have been adopted in South Africa with the main purpose of transferring part of the ownership of mining assets to black or historically disadvantaged South Africans (“HDSAs”) within a certain time period. Such mining charters also set targets for, amongst other things, the advancement of HDSAs into management positions, the employment of women, procurement of goods and services from HDSA-owned companies, training, community development and the upgrading of mine housing. In 2004, the Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the South African Mining Industry, 2004 was published and, in September 2018, the Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the Mining and Minerals Industry, 2018 (the “2018 Mining Charter”) was published, repealing all prior mining charters. In September 2021, the High Court of South Africa (Gauteng Division) held that the 2018 Mining Charter is a policy document and does not, per se, bind holders of mining titles. The High Court also set aside various provisions of the 2018 Mining Charter. In November



Production and costs

The Australia region produced 554,000oz in 2020 compared to 614,000oz in 2019, as the completion of grade streaming and a lower proportion of open pit ore in the mill feed resulted in a 17% drop in year-on-year attributable production at Tropicana, in line with the mine plan.

At Sunrise Dam production was steady at 256,000oz as the mine focused on a strategy to fill the mill with the best quality ore through a programme of underground exploration and development to build orebody knowledge and add to the Ore Reserve. The strategy involves maximizing the extraction of the Vogue orebody, which is currently the primary source of underground ore, and providing mining flexibility by developing an alternate mining area. Vogue will contribute 80% of underground ore over the next two years, with multiple ore sources making up the remaining 20% of mill feed. Mill throughput remained consistent at 4.1Mt for 2020 and metallurgical recovery is benefiting from the float ultra-fine grind circuit that was implemented in 2018.

Pre-stripping of the Golden Delicious open pit, 12km from the Sunrise Dam processing plant, began in the December quarter 2020. Ore production from Golden Delicious is scheduled to begin in the June quarter of 2021 and the open pit is expected to deliver approximately 136,000oz over a 2.7-year life of mine. From the second half of 2021, Golden Delicious ore will totally displace the low-grade stockpile mill feed, enabling grade streaming to be applied through 2022.

Tropicana produced 298,000oz (attributable) for the year compared to 360,000oz in 2019. Production was lower year-on-year as planned. Up until June 2020, ore production from the open pits exceeded plant capacity, allowing higher-grade ore to be preferentially treated, while lower-grade ore was accumulated on stockpiles. With the completion of the Tropicana pit and stage one of the Havana pit (Havana cutbacks 1, 2 and 3) mid-way through the year, this grade streaming process ceased, in line with the mine plan.

The Boston Shaker underground mine started commercial production on time and on budget in September 2020. When the underground mine reaches its full production rate of 1.1 Mtpa in the second half of 2021, it will contribute 100,000oz annually to gold production. The mine will achieve payback in three years. Waste stripping for stage 2 of the Havana pit began in the second
half of 2020 and while waste stripping is underway, mill feed will be made up of ore from the Boston Shaker underground mine, the Boston Shaker open pit and stockpiles.

The Tropicana processing plant continued to perform well in 2020, with throughput and metallurgical recoveries higher than the previous year. Further efficiency improvements are planned for 2021 to increase throughput from 8.8Mtpa to 9Mtpa in the second half.

Cost of sales in the Australia region increased from $632m in 2019 to $705m in 2020. The region’s all-in sustaining cost was $1,225/oz in 2020 compared to $990/oz in 2019. This was largely due to a 41% increase in all-in sustaining cost at Tropicana
9053
where lower production and unfavourable inventory movement had a negative impact. The all-in sustaining cost at Sunrise Dam increased by 6% due mainly to costs related to a higher volume of ore purchases from external sources (298,000t compared to 71,000t in 2019) in 2020. Costs were also impacted by additional unbudgeted COVID-19 expenditure.

Capital expenditure2021, the South African Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (“DMRE”) informed the parliamentary portfolio committee on mineral resources and energy that it does not intend to appeal the outcome of the judgement, but instead will consider steps to achieve the empowerment objectives through legislative amendments to the MPRDA.

The region’s capital expenditure of $142.6 million in 2020 remained in line with 2019 capital expenditure of $149.2 million. A total of $89.5 million was spent at Tropicana including $25.3 million of growth capital to complete the Boston Shaker underground project on time and on budget. Deferred waste and capitalised prestripping, representing 52% of the total in 2020, remains the focus at Tropicana.

At Sunrise Dam a total of $52.8 million was spent during 2020, which includes $3 million spent on the commencement of the Golden Delicious growth project. Golden Delicious will reach commercial production in the third quarter of 2021. Ore Reserve development capital expenditure at 42% of the total in 2020 remains the focus at Sunrise Dam to unlock future gold production.

Safety

There were no fatalities in the Australia region in 2020, continuing a positive safety trend since the commissioning of Tropicana in 2013. The site ended the year with the AIFR for the region dropping to 3.74. The regional LTIFR for 2020 was 0.79. Notably Tropicana has had three restricted work case injuries for two years and no lost time injuries for three years.

Ore Reserve

At the end of 2020, the total attributable Ore Reserve for the Australia region was 3.04 million ounces (2019: 3.2 million ounces). This is approximately 10 percent of the group’s total Ore Reserve.

Growth and improvement

At Sunrise Dam the substantial underground diamond-drilling programme that began in 2019 is generating encouraging results, discovering the Frankie orebody during 2020 and extending the Vogue and Carey Shear ore zones. Multiple ore zones remain open along strike and at depth.

Two major steep lodes have been defined at Frankie spanning in strike length and 400m in height. Frankie is close to existing underground infrastructure and based on results to date this area has the potential to deliver approximately 500,000t of ore per annum over a five-year period from 2023. A dedicated diamond drilling platform was established in early 2021 to better drill out this zone, and three diamond drill rigs were drilling from existing drives for strike extensions to the north and south.

Regional exploration continues to seek additional satellite ore sources within trucking distance of the Sunrise Dam processing plant. The aim is to deliver annual ore production of 3 Mtpa to displace lower grade surface stockpiles.B-BBEE Act

The company holds 880 square kilometresBroad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act, No. 53 of tenements2003 (the “B-BBEE Act”) is a law of general application in this highly prospective district, somerespect of Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (“B-BBEE”) and enables the Minister of Trade and Industry to drive B-BBEE across all sectors of the economy. In 2014, the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Amendment Act, No. 46 of 2013 (the “B-BBEE Amendment Act”) came into effect amending the B-BBEE Act to provide a framework of principles, strategies and guidelines aimed at promoting the broad-based socio-economic empowerment of HDSAs across the South African economy and society in the Butcher Well joint venture with Northern Starform of ownership, management, employment equity, skills development, preferential procurement, enterprise development and some in its own right. Drilling will continue in 2021.socio-economic development.

There isEnvironmental laws relating to mining

The National Environmental Management Act, No. 107 of 1998, as amended (the “NEMA”) includes provisions to deal with environmental regulation of mining and prospecting, which provisions are administered by the MRE Minister. Pursuant to section 24N(8) of NEMA, directors of a company are jointly and severally liable for any negative impact on the environment, whether advertently or inadvertently caused by the company they represent, including damage, degradation and pollution.

From an environmental perspective, given the wide scope of the statutory duty of care in South African environmental law, erstwhile land owners may be held liable for historic contamination by the regulatory authorities. The “polluter pays” principle in South Africa enables the competent authority to seek recourse against various responsible parties based on their historical or current relationship to the source and receptor of degradation or pollution. The duty of care also applies retrospectively to significant potential to unlock known extensionspollution or degradation that occurred before the entry into force of mineralisation beneath the Tropicana and Havana open pitsNEMA (i.e., 29 January 1999), as well as extensionssignificant pollution or degradation that arises or is likely to arise at deptha different time from the actual activity that caused the contamination (e.g., latent or residual impact) or arises through an act or activity of a person that exacerbates pre-existing contamination. The authorities can also seek compensation in respect of clean-up measures that it is required to take on behalf of the Boston Shaker underground.responsible parties and apportion liability amongst the responsible parties, which could technically include a historic landowner or mining company that caused the pollution. Although the purchasers of AngloGold Ashanti’s assets in South Africa have contractually assumed all environmental liability associated with its former South African operations and agreed to indemnify AngloGold Ashanti for the same, there remains a risk, at least theoretically, of statutory liability to the state.

A study to look at the trade-off between mining deeper Havana mineralisation via a third cutback or by underground methods was initiated in 2020. This study will be completed in the first half of 2021.AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

Development of a 500m underground drill drive from the Boston Shaker decline to test beneath the Tropicana open pit was completed in 2020 and diamond drilling was underway early in 2021. The drill drive is well-positioned to provide production access to Tropicana underground mineralisation, should an Ore Reserve be defined. This drive could also be extended to cost-effectively explore the mineralised system beneath the open pitsPursuant to the southSA Sale Agreement, AngloGold Ashanti and ultimately accessGolden Core executed a notarial deed of cession of the Havana underground mineralisation inmining rights with DMRE references GP 30/5/1/2/2/01 MR and GP 30/5/1/2/2/248 MR to transfer and cede these mining rights to Golden Core (the “Deed of Cession”). On 14 June 2021, the future.Deed of Cession was registered at the Mineral and Petroleum Titles Registration Office (the “MPTRO”).

Near-mine exploration continues to focus on understanding the geologyWith respect to the northmining right held under DMRE reference GP 30/5/1/2/2/11 MR, AngloGold Ashanti and southGolden Core agreed to make an application in terms of Tropicana, seeking strike extensions and offsetssection 102 of the MPRDA at the DMRE after the closing date of the SA Sale Agreement requesting, among other matters, the incorporation of this mining right into the mining right with DMRE reference GP 30/5/1/2/2/01 MR (the “Harmony Consolidation Application”). AngloGold Ashanti also executed a notarial conditional deed of abandonment pursuant to which it conditionally abandons this mining right in terms of section 56(f) of the MPRDA (the “Deed of Abandonment”) on condition that ministerial consent is granted in respect of the Harmony Consolidation Application. The Harmony Consolidation Application, which was submitted to the Tropicana orebody.DMRE on 17 January 2022, is still pending. On the date of the grant of the Harmony Consolidation Application, AngloGold Ashanti will cease to be a holder of any mining rights in South Africa. Once the transaction has been fully implemented, the general laws relating to mining outlined above will no longer be applicable to the Company, other than the statutory duty of care in terms of NEMA as described above.

Satellite open pit opportunities are being assessed along the mineralised corridor to the north
AFRICA REGION

Democratic Republic of the mine at SpringbokCongo (DRC)

General laws relating to mining

The mining industry in the DRC is primarily regulated by Law No. 007/2002 dated 11 July 2002 (the “2002 DRC Code”), as amended and Angel Eyes, to the south at Rusty Nailsupplemented by Law No. 18/001 dated 9 March 2018 (the “Reformed DRC Mining Code”) and further south at MadrasDecree No. 038/2003 dated 26 March 2003, as amended and New Zebra.supplemented by Decree No. 18/024 dated 8 June 2018 (the “Reformed DRC Mining Regulations”).


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With respect to the application of the Reformed DRC Mining Code and Reformed DRC Mining Regulations, Kibali Goldmines S.A. (“Kibali Goldmines”) has reserved and continues reserving its rights, including, without limitation, its stability rights under, among other legal sources, the 2002 DRC Code. Discussions with the DRC government on these issues and the possible application of incentives that may be available under the Reformed DRC Mining Code and Reformed DRC Mining Regulations, in particular under article 220 of the Reformed DRC Mining Code which provides that the Prime Minister of the DRC may grant a number of incentives to provinces with infrastructure deficits to encourage economic development from mining resources, are ongoing.

Companies holding mining titles issued prior to the entry into force of the Reformed DRC Mining Code and Reformed DRC Mining Regulations have claims to a ten-year stability provision in accordance with prior mining legislation. Notwithstanding the adoption of the new regulatory regime, their rights with respect to such stability provision are reserved.

The Reformed DRC Mining Code grants the DRC Minister of Mines the authority to grant, refuse, suspend or terminate mineral rights, subject to conditions set out in the Reformed DRC Mining Code. Mineral rights may be granted in the form of exploration permits for an initial period of five years renewable once for a further five-year period or in the form of exploitation permits which are granted for an initial period of 25 years, renewable several times for 15-year periods until the end of the mine’s life. Prior to commencing exploration work, the holder of an exploration permit must submit for approval a mitigation and rehabilitation plan pursuant to which it must undertake to carry out certain mitigation measures of the impact of its activities on the environment, as well as rehabilitation measures. Exploitation permits are granted upon successful completion of exploration and satisfaction of certain requirements, including approval of a feasibility study, an environmental and social impact study and an environmental and social management plan. The holder of an exploitation permit is required to commence development and mine construction within three years of the grant of such permit. Failure to do so may lead to forfeiture of the exploitation permit. To protect and enforce rights acquired under an exploration or exploitation permit, the Reformed DRC Mining Code provides, depending on the nature of the dispute or controversy, administrative, judicial and national or international arbitral recourses.

Mining companies are required to grant a free-carried and non-contributory participation to the DRC government. The DRC government’s free participation was originally set at five percent, which was increased to ten percent in respect of exploitation permits issued after the entry into force of the Reformed DRC Mining Code. All mining companies are required to grant an additional five percent free-carried participation to the DRC government upon each renewal of their exploitation permit. Under the Reformed DRC Mining Code, a ten percent local contributory participation is also mandatory for exploitation permits issued after its entry into force.

Tax laws relating to mining

The Reformed DRC Mining Code sets out an exclusive and comprehensive tax and customs regime that is applicable to mining activities. Mining title holders are subject, amongst other things, to a corporate income tax of 30 percent, a windfall tax of 50 percent (subject to certain prerequisites) and are required to pay mining royalties to the DRC government. The royalty rate applicable to gold has been set at 3.5 percent. Mining title holders are also required to contribute a minimum of 0.3 percent of total turnover to community development.

The standard rate of VAT is 16 percent and is applicable to all mining companies. In the DRC, Kibali Goldmines is due certain refunds of VAT which, to date, remain outstanding. During 2022, AngloGold Ashanti did not recover any VAT offsets and refunds from its operations in the DRC. We believe that our attributable share of the net recoverable VAT balance (including recoverable fuel duty and after discounting provisions) owed to us by the DRC government amounted to $86 million as of 31 December 2022. While an agreement was reached with the DRC government on the reimbursement of the refundable VAT in 2018, uncertainty remains regarding the timing and level of cash receipts and offsets against other taxes for purposes of the recovery of our VAT receivables in the DRC.

The Reformed DRC Mining Code also provides for a level of fiscal stability. A stability clause stipulates that existing tax, customs and exchange control provisions applicable to mining activities are guaranteed to remain unchanged for a period of five years from the enactment of the Reformed DRC Mining Code.

Foreign exchange control regime

The Reformed DRC Mining Code imposed new exchange control rules requiring that mining title holders repatriate onshore 60 percent of sale revenues received during the investment amortisation period and 100 percent once the investment amortisation is completed.

During 2022, AngloGold Ashanti repatriated $694 million from its operations in the DRC, in the form of dividends from Kibali (Jersey) Limited. Kibali (Jersey) Limited received such cash from Kibali Goldmines in the form of loan repayments (net of bank fees) (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $658 million) and dividends (net of withholding taxes) (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $36 million). Our attributable share of the outstanding cash balances awaiting repatriation from the DRC amounted to $40 million as of 31 December 2022. The cash is fully available for the operational requirements of Kibali Goldmines. The cash and cash equivalents held at Kibali Goldmines are subject to various steps before they can be distributed to Kibali (Jersey) Limited and are held across four banks in the DRC, including two domestic banks.



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AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

AngloGold Ashanti holds a significant stake in the Kibali gold mine which is located in the north-eastern part of the DRC. The Kibali gold mine is owned by Kibali Goldmines which is a joint venture between Barrick Gold Corporation (45 percent), AngloGold Ashanti (45 percent) and Société Minière de Kilo-Moto S.A. (“SOKIMO”) (10 percent) which represents the interest of the DRC government. AngloGold Ashanti and Barrick Gold Corporation each have a 50 percent interest in Kibali (Jersey) Limited which holds their respective 45 percent interest in Kibali Goldmines.

The Kibali gold project is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation and comprises ten exploitation permits, of which eight expire in 2029 and two in 2030. Those exploitation permits (11447, 11467, 11468, 11469, 11470, 11471, 11472, 5052, 5073, and 5088) cover an area of approximately 1,836 km2 in the Moto goldfields.

Ghana

General laws relating to mining

Control of minerals and mining companies

The Constitution of Ghana as well as the Minerals and Mining Act, 2006 (Act 703) (the “GMM Act”) provide that all minerals in Ghana in their natural state are the property of the State and title to them is vested in the President on behalf of and in trust for the people of Ghana, with rights of reconnaissance, prospecting, recovery and associated land usage being granted under licence or lease. The grant of a mining lease by the Ghana Minister of Lands and Natural Resources (the “LNR Minister”) upon the advice of the Minerals Commission is subject to parliamentary ratification unless the mining lease falls into a class of transactions exempted by the Ghanaian Parliament. The LNR Minister has the power to object to a person becoming or remaining a controller of a company which has been granted a mining lease if the LNR Minister believes, on reasonable grounds, that the public interest would be prejudiced by the person concerned becoming, or remaining, a controller.

Stability and development agreements

The GMM Act provides for stability and development agreements. Stability agreements guarantee for a period of 15 years certain terms and conditions (mainly fiscal) to which a company’s operations are subject. Development agreements may be granted to a mineral right holder that proposes to invest over $500 million in its mineral operations in Ghana. The GMM Act permits stability provisions to be incorporated into development agreements. Stability and development agreements are subject to parliamentary ratification. In January 2020, it was proposed that the GMM Act be amended by abolishing development agreements and shortening the maximum term of stability agreements from 15 years to five years (with a possible extension for a further five years). If the GMM Act were amended along these lines, such amendments would not apply retroactively and would therefore not have an impact on existing development agreements, including the Obuasi Development Agreement (as described below). Those amendments to the GMM Act have not yet been adopted.

Ghana Stability Agreement

In 2004, following the implementation of the business combination between AngloGold Limited and Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited, AngloGold Limited and the Government of Ghana signed a stability agreement (the “Ghana Stability Agreement”) governing certain aspects of the fiscal and regulatory framework within which the company would operate in Ghana for a period of 15 years. In June 2018, the Ghana Stability Agreement ceased to apply to the Obuasi mine because of the parliamentary ratification of a new development agreement and a new tax concession agreement in relation to that mine (as described below).
The Ghana Stability Agreement continued to apply to the Iduapriem mine until it expired in April 2019. Since then, AngloGold Ashanti (Iduapriem) Limited (“AGA Iduapriem”) no longer benefits from the Ghana Stability Agreement. AGA Iduapriem benefits from certain concessions under two deeds of warranty, including exemptions from withholding taxes on dividends, interest and payments for foreign services, and allowable deductions.

Obuasi Development Agreement

AngloGold Ashanti (Ghana) Limited (“AGA Ghana”) negotiated a new development agreement in relation to the Obuasi mine (the “Obuasi DA”) with the Government of Ghana. On 21 June 2018, the Ghanaian Parliament ratified the Obuasi DA which contains stability terms as provided for in stability agreements. The Obuasi DA confers a number of rights and obligations on AGA Ghana with respect to the Obuasi mine, including, among other matters, (i) the stabilisation of the fiscal and regulatory framework (except for enactments promoting the use of Ghanaian goods and services) for a period of ten years (with a potential of it being extended for five years); (ii) the right to hold up to 80 percent of proceeds received from exporting minerals in foreign currencies outside of Ghana; (iii) obligation to give preference to materials and goods made in Ghana as well as services provided by Ghanaians; and (iv) the right to peaceful enjoyment and protection against expropriation.







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Obuasi Tax Concession Agreement

Fiscal terms, which would ordinarily form part of a single stabilisation document, were separated from the Obuasi DA. Hence a separate tax concession agreement in relation to the Obuasi mine (the “Obuasi TCA”) was signed with the Government. On 21 June 2018, the Ghanaian Parliament ratified the Obuasi TCA with a concession period until 31 December 2027. The Obuasi TCA contains a number of tax concessions for AGA Ghana with respect to the Obuasi mine, including, among other matters, (i) a corporate income tax rate of 32.5 percent or such lower rates as may be fixed by law (instead of the current statutory rate of 35 percent); (ii) exemption of certain transactions from capital gains tax; (iii) a sliding scale royalty rate ranging from three percent to five percent for a price ranging from $1,300 up to $2,000 and above per ounce (instead of the current flat rate of five percent); and (iv) certain VAT exemptions and refunds.

Government’s Golden Share

Section 60(1) of the GMM Act provides that the Government of Ghana can require a mining company to issue to the Republic of Ghana for no consideration a special share (a “Golden Share”). A Golden Share in AGA Ghana was issued to the Government of Ghana and the Obuasi DA confirms that the Government’s rights with respect to its Golden Share apply only in respect of AGA Ghana’s assets and operations in Ghana. The Golden Share confers certain rights on the Government in respect of AGA Ghana. For example, written consent of the holder of the Golden Share is required for, among other matters, (i) any amendment of the rights and restrictions in respect of the Golden Share; (ii) the voluntary winding-up or voluntary liquidation of AGA Ghana; (iii) the disposal of any mining lease held by AGA Ghana; and (iv) the disposal of all or substantially all of the assets of AGA Ghana. The holder of the Golden Share does not have the right to participate in the profits or assets of AGA Ghana (by way of dividend or other capital issuances), but is entitled to attend any general meeting of shareholders.

Tax laws relating to mining

Currently, the main tax laws in Ghana include the following acts and regulations, which have been frequently amended over the years:

•Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896) (as amended) and Income Tax Regulations, 2016 (L.I. 2244);
•Customs Act, 2015 (Act 891) (as amended) and Customs Regulations, 2016 (L.I. 2248);
•Value Added Tax, 2013 (Act 870) (as amended) and Value Added Tax Regulations, 2016 (L.I. 2243);
•Revenue Administration Act, 2016 (Act 915) (as amended); and
•Exemptions Act, 2022 (Act 1083).

The Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896) ringfences and taxes income derived from mining operations at the rate of 35 percent. The Obuasi TCA for AGA Ghana provides for a stabilised income tax rate of 32.5 percent. AGA Iduapriem currently pays income tax at the rate of 35 percent.

Furthermore, mining companies must pay ground rent and royalties. Ground rent is payable annually and is calculated based on the number of cadastral units of land held. Royalties are calculated as a percentage of total revenue from minerals obtained by the mining company. The Government of Ghana currently applies a five percent royalty rate to mining companies who have not agreed a different royalty rate under an agreement with the State. AGA Ghana pays royalties on a sliding scale ranging between three percent and five percent as provided for by the Obuasi TCA. AGA Iduapriem pays royalties at a rate of five percent.

The provision of goods and services is liable to value added tax (“VAT”) at a revised rate of 15 percent. In addition, there are separate levies, including a 2.5 percent National Health Insurance Levy (“NHIL”), a 2.5 percent Ghana Education Trust Fund Levy (“GetFund Levy”) and a one percent COVID-19 Levy. By virtue of the Obuasi TCA, AGA Ghana is exempt from the payment of the NHIL and GetFund Levy. In addition, while AGA Ghana is technically exempt from the payment of the COVID-19 Levy (as it became operational subsequent to the effective date of the Obuasi DA), the Company decided to pay the COVID-19 Levy voluntarily. AGA Iduapriem is not exempt from any of these levies.

The Exemptions Act, 2022 (Act 1083) (“Exemptions Act”) defines the scope of tax exemptions that may be granted under Ghanaian law, and sets out the administrative process for obtaining a tax exemption. The Exemptions Act requires a person with the benefit of an existing tax exemption to apply to the Ghana Minister of Finance by 11 March 2023 in order to continue to benefit from that tax exemption. The requirement to apply to the Minister of Finance does not affect AGA Ghana (as, by virtue of the Obuasi DA, AGA Ghana is stabilized against the adverse effects of, or obligations imposed by, any new laws). By contrast, AGA Iduapriem is subject to the provisions of the Exemptions Act.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Mining companies are required, under the GMM Act, Environmental Assessment Regulations, 1999 (L.I. 1652), Environmental Protection (Mining in Forest Reserves) Regulations, 2022 (L.I. 2462) and Water Use Regulations, 2001 (L.I. 1692), to obtain all necessary approvals from the Environmental Protection Agency (the “Ghana EPA”) and, in appropriate cases, the Water Resources Commission, the Forestry Commission and/or the Minerals Commission before undertaking mining operations. This includes undergoing an environmental impact assessment process and, following the issuance of the environmental permit, periodically preparing environmental management plans, which include details of the likely impacts of mining operations on the environment and local communities, as well as a comprehensive plan and timetable for actions to mitigate and remediate any



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adverse effects of the mining operations, for submission to the Ghana EPA. The Minerals and Mining (Health, Safety and Technical) Regulations, 2012 (L.I. 2182) also impose further obligations to obtain the necessary permits from the Inspectorate Division of the Minerals Commission for the operation of mines. The environmental permits of AGA Ghana (for the Obuasi redevelopment project and for the construction and operation of tailings and water infrastructure projects) are valid until June 2024. The environmental permits for AGA Iduapriem in connection with (i) gold mining and processing, (ii) the re-mining of Block 5 and for the tertiary crusher installation project and (iii) the construction and operation of a tailings storage facility (“TSF”) expired in August 2021, July 2022 and January 2023, respectively. The renewal process for the AGA Iduapriem environmental permits, which was commenced in advance of the expiry of the permits, is underway.

Environmental laws in Ghana also require mining operators to rehabilitate land negatively impacted by mining operations according to an environmental cost reclamation plan agreed with the Ghana EPA. The environmental cost reclamation plan includes two cost estimates, namely the cost of rehabilitating the mining area at the end of the life of the mine as well as the cost of rehabilitating the mine as at the date of the reclamation plan. These estimates are reviewed annually and updated every two years. Each mining company is typically required to secure a percentage (typically between 50 percent and 100 percent) of the estimated rehabilitation costs by posting reclamation bonds underwritten by banks and restricted cash. The terms of each reclamation bond are determined by a reclamation security agreement between that company and the Ghana EPA. Both AGA Ghana and AGA Iduapriem have bank guarantees in place for environmental reclamation liabilities as well as escrow accounts with joint signatories from the Ghana EPA. The guarantees for AGA Iduapriem expired in October 2022, whereas the guarantees for AGA Ghana expired in December 2022. Renewal of the bank guarantees (which commenced in advance of the expiry of the existing guarantees) has not yet been completed due to the continued depreciation of the Ghanaian cedi and its impact on the Bank of Ghana’s single obligor limit. AGA Ghana and AGA Iduapriem have notified the Ghana EPA of the resultant delays.

Foreign exchange, export and other rules

Retention of foreign earnings

The Obuasi mine is permitted to retain 80 percent of its foreign exchange earnings in an offshore foreign exchange account, whereas the Iduapriem mine is allowed to retain up to 75 percent. In addition, the Company has permission from the Bank of Ghana to retain and use U.S. dollars outside of Ghana to fulfil payment obligations to the Company’s hedge counterparties which cannot be met from the cash resources of its treasury company.

Rules regarding the export of gold and diamonds

The Bank of Ghana introduced new measures to regulate and monitor the export of gold and diamonds from Ghana in 2015. From September 2015, all exports of gold and diamonds must be carried out through the Precious Minerals Marketing Company Ltd (“PMMC”), except where the exporter is the holder of a licence that permits it to export directly. The Ghana Revenue Authority (Customs Division) only permits gold to be exported by a licensed gold exporter who has a completed Form FEX A4 bearing Bank of Ghana’s embossment. The export measures do not apply to AngloGold Ashanti because the Company holds a licence granted by the LNR Minister to sell and export its production.

Local assaying and refinement policies

In November 2016, the Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources issued a ministerial directive appointing the PMMC as designated laboratory for assaying in Ghana. The directive requests all persons holding export licences for gold to submit all gold to be exported to the PMMC for assay before export. Mining businesses, including AngloGold Ashanti, acting through the Ghana Chamber of Mines were opposed to this directive due to its potential negative impact on mining companies in the region. As a result, the Chamber initiated proceedings to reverse or modify the directive. Following discussions in respect of the mining industry’s concerns, the Chamber and Government agreed on the modalities for implementing the national assaying policy and it was introduced in February 2018 following a one-month pilot among certain mining companies. Subsequently, in June 2019, the LNR Minister released a statement reiterating the Government of Ghana’s plans to locally refine 30 percent of the gold produced in the country. Discussions between the Ghana Chamber of Mines and the Government of Ghana’s economic management team in 2019 led to the Chamber agreeing to consider the proposal and for the parties to discuss detailed modalities to ensure that a move to locally refined gold does not become detrimental to the mining industry.

Local content and local participation policy

Mining companies must submit a detailed programme for the recruitment and training of Ghanaians with a view to achieving “localisation”, which is the replacement of expatriate personnel in a company’s Ghanaian operations by Ghanaian personnel. In addition, mining companies must give preference to Ghanaian products and personnel, to the maximum extent possible, consistent with safety, efficiency and economies. The Minerals and Mining (General) Regulations, 2012 (L.I. 2173) give further details on the localisation policy. The Minerals and Mining (Local Content and Local Participation) Regulations, 2020 (L.I. 2431) came into force on 22 December 2020 with the purpose of developing Ghanaian participation in the mining industry value chain by imposing an obligation on mining companies to procure goods and services with Ghanaian content to the maximum extent possible.




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The Government’s election to purchase gold

In June 2021, the Bank of Ghana launched a “Domestic Gold Purchase Programme” through which the Bank of Ghana intends to purchase refined gold from AGA Ghana, AGA Iduapriem and other large-scale mining companies through voluntary arrangements pursuant to the Bank of Ghana Act, 2002 (Act 612). The LNR Minister indicated in November 2022 that the Government of Ghana intended to exercise its statutory right of pre-emption pursuant to the GMM Act to compel large-scale mining companies to sell 20 percent of their Ghana gold production and/or the resultant refined gold to the Bank of Ghana in exchange for Ghanaian cedis. Each of AGA Ghana and AGA Iduapriem executed voluntary gold purchase agreements with the Bank of Ghana on 29 December 2022. As at 10 March 2023, the Government of Ghana had not exercised its statutory right of pre-emption as prescribed in the GMM Act.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

Obuasi

The Obuasi mine originally held four contiguous mining leases, namely, the Obuasi, Binsere 1, Binsere 2 and Binsere 3 Mining Leases. The Obuasi Mining Lease was granted by the Government of Ghana on 5 March 1994, covering an area of approximately 338 km2 in the Amansie East and Adansi West districts of the Ashanti region, for a term of 30 years from the date of the agreement. The Binsere Mining Leases were granted on 9 April 1998, covering an area of 140 km2, for a term of 30 years from the date of the agreement. All leases in respect of the Obuasi mine had been duly ratified in accordance with Ghanaian law. In March 2007, the Government of Ghana agreed to extend the term of the Obuasi Mining Lease for a further term of 30 years. The amended Obuasi Mining Lease was also ratified by Parliament on 23 October 2008. The Obuasi Mining Lease will expire in March 2054 and the Binsere Mining Leases in April 2028. The mining leases are renewable. On 3 March 2016, the Minerals Commission approved AGA Ghana’s application to surrender approximately 273.54 km2 of the area to the Government of Ghana, reducing the combined area under AGA Ghana’s lease areas to 201.46 km2. The remaining parcel of land that will be subject to the mining lease is situated within various villages and townships in the region but excludes the municipality of Obuasi. On 15 January 2021, the Minerals Commission approved AGA Ghana’s application to surrender a further 60.24 km2 of lease area, thereby reducing the total lease area to 141.22 km2 under three mining leases, namely, the Obuasi Mining Lease (87.48 km2), the Binsere 1 Mining Lease (29.03 km2) and the Binsere 2 Mining Lease (24.71 km2). These mining leases are covered by the Obuasi DA and Obuasi TCA.

Iduapriem

The Iduapriem mine operates under four different mining leases, namely, the Iduapriem Mining Lease (LVB1539/89) (36.47 km2), the Ajopa Mining Lease (LVB/WR326/09) (46.12 km2), the Teberebie Mining Lease (LVB3722H/92) (28.53 km2) and the Ajopa South Mining Lease (LR#1109/1999) (28.10 km2). On 17 February 2020, the mining leases were extended for a further period of 15 years and such leases will now expire in February 2035. All leases in respect of the Iduapriem mine have been duly ratified in accordance with Ghanaian law.

Guinea

General laws relating to mining

In Guinea, the mining industry is primarily regulated by Law L/2011/006/CNT dated 9 September 2011 as amended by Law L/2013/053/CNT dated 8 April 2013 and promulgated by Decree D/2013/075/PRG/SGG dated 17 April 2013 (together, the “Guinea Mining Code”).

The Guinea Mining Code is implemented by various decrees and orders, including Decree D/2014/015/PRG/SGG adopting a model of mining convention, dated 17 January 2014, Order A/2016/1584/MMG/SGG related to the administration’s capacities for the management of integrated mining projects (PARCA-GPI) and its steering committee, dated 6 June 2016, and Decree D/2016/163/PRG/SGG on the national agency for the development of mining infrastructures (ANAIM), dated 13 June 2016.

In 2017, Decree D/2017/285/PRG/SGG was adopted, which sets forth the conditions for the constitution and management of the Local Development Fund (“Fodel”), as well as Joint Order A/2017/6326/MMG/MATD/SGG, which sets forth the conditions for the use, management and control of the Fodel. Together, these set forth the use of the mining companies’ financial contribution to the development of the local communities and the rules applying to the Fodel, which was created under the Guinea Mining Code. On 13 July 2018, a Joint Order A/2018/5212/MEF/MMG/MB/MATD/SGG was issued, which regulates the use, management and monitoring of the resources allocated to local authorities pursuant to article 165 of the Guinea Mining Code. In 2019, an inter-ministerial committee was created to supervise and control the Fodel through the adoption of Joint Order AC/2019/089/MMG/MATD/SGG setting out the conditions for the constitution, powers and management of said inter-ministerial committee. On 6 September 2019, Decree D/2019/263/PRG/SGG was issued, which sets forth local content requirements in the framework of the implementation of public and private projects in Guinea. On 27 May 2021, Order A/2021/1229/MMG/SGG was issued to establish the Steering Committee for local content in the mining sector. On 21 October 2022, Law L/2022/010/CNT, dated 22 September 2022, setting up the legal framework for local content in public and private projects was enacted (the “Local Content Act”). In particular, the Local Content Act regulates local employment, procurement of goods and services, and subcontracting



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requirements. As the Local Content Act does not expressly repeal the provisions of Decree D/2019/263/PRG/SGG, those provisions remain in force to the extent that they do not conflict with the Local Content Act.

On 16 June 2020, a new procedure for the export of gold by mining companies was enacted through the adoption of Decree D/2020/113/PRG/SGG, which sets out, amongst other things: (i) when the industrial production tax referred to in article 161-1 of the Guinea Mining Code shall be paid, and (ii) the process to be followed to export gold bullion.

On 27 April 2021, a Joint Order AC/2021/824/MMG/BCRG/SGG was issued establishing the fees and costs charged by the Guinean mining authorities and the Guinean Central Bank in connection with the administrative procedures for the export of gold by industrial and semi-industrial companies.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The Group’s Guinean subsidiary, Société AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A. (“SAG”), has title to the Siguiri mine in the form of a mining concession, granted by virtue of Presidential Decree D/97/171/PRG/SGG, dated 4 August 1997, for a period of 25 years (the “Mining Concession”). The Mining Concession covers exploration and mining for gold, silver, diamonds and associated ores, and was originally covered by a mining convention entered into with the Republic of Guinea in 1993 and amended in 2005. On 28 June 2016, SAG and the Government of Guinea concluded a revised and consolidated mining convention (Convention de Base Révisée et Consolidée) (the “Revised Mining Convention”) which encompasses a renewal of the term of the original mining convention and other amendments necessary to support an expansion project to extend the life of the Siguiri mine (the “Expansion”). In compliance with the provisions of the Guinea Mining Code, the Revised Mining Convention was ratified by the Guinean National Assembly (Law L/2016/N°067/AN dated 30 December 2016, promulgated by Decree D/2017/015/PRG/SGG dated 24 January 2017), submitted to the Guinean Supreme Court which rendered a favourable opinion (Judgement N°AC 005 dated 16 January 2017), and ratified by the President of the Republic of Guinea (Decree D/2017/021/PRG/SGG dated 24 January 2017), following which it replaced the original mining convention and became effective on 24 January 2017.

Key elements of the Revised Mining Convention include the following:

•a duration of 25 years, expiring 23 January 2042, subject to further renewal if mining operations continue;
•the term of the Mining Concession is aligned with the term of the Revised Mining Convention since the Republic of Guinea committed to maintain the Mining Concession for the entire duration of the Revised Mining Convention;
•SAG’s operations remain governed by the 1995 Guinea Mining Code (the prior mining code) and are only subject to the provisions of the Guinea Mining Code to the extent they are expressly set out in the Revised Mining Convention;
•the stability of the customs and tax regime is guaranteed for the entire initial term of the Revised Mining Convention, and subject to certain conditions being met, any renewal period(s);
•the Republic of Guinea holds a 15 percent free-carried/non-contributory interest;
•the Republic of Guinea is entitled to a royalty on gold of five percent based on a spot gold price as per LBMA fixing (PM) up until the date of steady state commercial production of the first phase of the Expansion, after which the royalty rate applicable to gold will vary depending on threshold prices as per LBMA fixing (PM), namely: three percent if the gold price is $1,300 or less, five percent, if above $1,300 and up to $2,000 and seven percent if above $2,000;
•SAG benefits from 5-year income tax holiday from the beginning of steady state commercial production of the first phase of the Expansion, after which the income tax rate is set at 30 percent;
•a local development tax of 0.4 percent is payable on the sale price for gold and silver received by SAG up until 31 December 2027, after which it will be increased to 0.6 percent;
•salaries of expatriate employees are subject to a ten percent income tax;
•goods imported into Guinea for purposes related to the construction and commissioning of the first phase of the Expansion are exempt from all customs taxes and duties; and
•SAG is committed to adopting and progressively implementing a plan for the effective rehabilitation of the mining areas disturbed or affected by its operations.

The Mining Concession covers an area divided into four blocks totalling approximately 1,495 km2. SAG has the exclusive right to explore and mine in any part of the concession area for the duration of the Revised Mining Convention. The Revised Mining Convention also grants SAG the option to secure certain land rights over additional areas currently covered by exploration permits, but to which SAG may need access for purposes of establishing roads or storage of tailings. While the Mining Concession expired on 4 August 2022, a renewal request had been filed prior to its expiry in accordance with the provisions of the Revised Mining Convention on 1 February 2022. Pursuant to the Revised Mining Convention, the Mining Concession can be renewed for one or more period(s) that cannot exceed ten years each as long as the Revised Mining Convention is in force.

The Revised Mining Convention is subject to early termination if the parties formally and expressly agree to it, if the last of the mining title held by SAG expires or is relinquished without any renewal application having been filed, if all project activities are voluntarily suspended for a continuous period of 12 months or are permanently abandoned by SAG, or if SAG goes into voluntary liquidation or is placed into liquidation by a court of competent jurisdiction.






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Mali

General laws relating to mining

The mining industry in Mali is primarily regulated by Ordinance No. 2019-022/P-RM dated 27 September 2019 containing the new mining code of the Republic of Mali (the “Mali Mining Code”) and Decree No. 2020-0177/PT-RM dated 12 November 2020 implementing the Mali Mining Code. On 8 December 2020, Decree No. 2020-0288/PM-RM enacted the new model mining convention referred to in Decree No. 2020-0177/PT-RM.

The Mali Mining Code applies to the mining operations previously carried out by AngloGold Ashanti entities in Mali (as further described below) except with respect to the validity, scope and duration of their exploitation permits and the provisions on tax and customs regime contained in their mining conventions (conventions d’établissement) for their remaining duration. In this regard, the transitory rules of the Mali Mining Code specify that mining conventions in force remain valid for their remaining term and their holders continue to benefit from the stability of the tax and customs regime set out therein.

Exploration and prospecting activities are carried out under exploration authorisations (autorisation d’exploration) or exploration permits (permis de recherche), which give their holder the exclusive right to carry out exploration activities over a given area. Exploration authorisations are granted by the Mining Administration (Administration chargée des Mines) for a non-renewable period of three months, while exploration permits are granted by Ministerial Order for a period of three years renewable twice for additional 3-year periods. Applications for exploration authorisations and exploration permits must contain various documents attesting to the financial and technical capacity of the applicant as well as a detailed works and costs programme.

A large scale permit exploitation permit (permis d’exploitation de grande mine) is required to mine a deposit located within the area of an exploration permit and grants the holder an exclusive right to exploit the named substances and proceed with the processing and commercialisation of the substances extracted within its perimeter. Large scale exploitation permits are granted by decree of the Head of Government for a maximum period of 12 years renewable for ten year-periods until depletion of the deposits. An application must be submitted to the Mining Administration (Administration chargée des Mines) and must contain various documents attesting to the financial and technical capacity of the applicant, a feasibility study, a detailed environmental study in respect of the impact of the project on the environment, an environmental permit, a closure and rehabilitation plan as well as a community development plan. As soon as the large scale exploitation permit is granted, the permit holder must incorporate a company under the laws of Mali and assign the permit for free to this company. The State will have a ten percent free-carried interest in the company. This interest will be converted into priority shares and the State’s participation will not be diluted in case of an increase in capital. In addition, the company is required to ensure that private Malian investors are offered the possibility to acquire five percent of their capital.

All mining titles mentioned above (save for the exploration authorisation) require a mining convention (convention d’établissement) to be signed by the State and the titleholder defining their rights and obligations, the duration of which is 20 years.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

Historically, AngloGold Ashanti had interests in the Morila, Sadiola and Yatela gold mines, all of which were governed by mining conventions (conventions d’établissement) covering exploration, mining, treatment and marketing in a comprehensive document. These documents include general provisions regarding exploration (work programme, fiscal and customs framework) and exploitation (formation of a local limited liability mining company, State interest, fiscal and customs framework governing construction and exploitation phases, exchange controls, marketing of the product, accounting regime, training programmes for local labour, protection of the environment, reclamation, safety, hygiene and dispute settlement). The Morila and Sadiola gold mines were sold in November and December 2020, respectively.

In April 2017, Société d’Exploitation des Mines d’Or de Yatela S.A. (“Yatela”), the company operating the Yatela gold mine, began the implementation of a closure plan in order to relinquish the property. In February 2019, AngloGold Ashanti and its joint venture partner IAMGOLD Corporation announced an agreement to sell each of their 40 percent interests in Yatela to the Government of Mali, which holds the remaining 20 percent interest. Completion of the transaction is subject to the fulfilment or waiver of a number of conditions precedent and has been delayed several times since 2019 due to political instability and related events in Mali as well as the COVID-19 pandemic. Yatela’s exploitation permit covers approximately 212 km2. Yatela has a 30-year permit which expires in 2030.

Tanzania

General laws relating to mining

Tanzania Mining Act and Tanzania Mining Regulations

Mineral rights in the United Republic of Tanzania are principally governed by the Mining Act, Chapter 123 (R.E. 2019), as amended (the “Tanzania Mining Act”) and the Mining Regulations, 2018 (the “Tanzania Mining Regulations”). The Tanzania



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Mining Act and the Tanzania Mining Regulations came into force in November 2010 followed by amendments to the Tanzania Mining Act in 2017 and subsequent amendments to the Tanzania Mining Regulations in 2018 and 2019. The Mining (Local Content) Regulations were amended and came into force on 23 September 2022. Those amendments, together with an Executive Order, introduced, among other matters, (i) the Tanzania Mining Commission; (ii) local content requirements in employment and for procurement of goods and services; (iii) Mining Licence requirements of five percent of a licencee’s equity to be held by Tanzanians, with at least 80 percent of its managerial positions to be held by Tanzanians and 100 percent of non-managerial and other positions to be held by Tanzanians, in addition to the shareholding of the Government of Tanzania pursuant to Section 10 of the Tanzania Mining Act (i.e. free-carried interest); and (iv) regulations for the government warehousing of minerals prior to export/sale.

Minimum shareholding and public offering

In 2016, the Mining (Minimum Shareholding and Public Offering) Regulations, 2016, as amended, was adopted. The regulations set out the requirement to sell shares to Tanzanian nationals, by way of a public offering and listing on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange, which will apply to companies that are carrying out large scale mining operations. The regulations also require all existing holders of a special mining licence to list a minimum of 30 percent of their shares on either the Main Investment Market or the Enterprise Growth Market Segment of the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange within six months of the regulations coming into force, which was on 24 February 2017. However, the Company believes the listing requirement conflicts with the mining development agreement. In September 2020, the Government of Tanzania published the Mining (Minimum Shareholding and Public Offering) (Amendment) Regulations, 2020, which exempts companies holding special mining licences from local listing requirements if such mining company has entered into an agreement with the Government of Tanzania that provides for a non-dilutable free-carried interest in such mining company and an economic benefits sharing arrangement.

Arbitration

Along with other major mining companies, AngloGold Ashanti’s subsidiaries are seeking a constructive dialogue with the Government of Tanzania to gain assurances that the Geita gold mine will not be affected by recent legal and fiscal changes adopted by the Government in light of their mining development agreements which guarantee (i) fiscal and regulatory stability, and (ii) an agreement between all parties before material legal and regulatory changes are made. As a precautionary step to safeguard its interests, AngloGold Ashanti commenced international arbitration proceedings against the Government of Tanzania in connection with the enactment of this legislation in July 2017. Declaratory relief is sought in accordance with the terms of the company’s existing mining development agreement to preserve its and its shareholders’ rights and interests in the Geita gold mine. AngloGold Ashanti is seeking confirmation from the Government of Tanzania that, as a result of its existing mining development agreement, the company does not fall within the scope of the new mining legislation that includes, among other things, (i) listing requirements; (ii) an increase in the rate of revenue royalties from four to six percent and a one percent clearance fee; and (iii) a right for the Government of Tanzania to (a) renegotiate existing mining agreements at its discretion, (b) receive a non-dilutable, free-carried interest of no less than 16 percent in all mining projects, and (c) acquire up to 50 percent of the shares of the mining company commensurate with the total tax expenditure incurred by the Government in favour of the mining company. AngloGold Ashanti can provide no assurance that the new mining legislation, including the listing requirements, will not apply to its operations in Tanzania and the outcome of the arbitration action may have a material adverse impact on the company’s results of operations and financial condition. See also “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings-Tanzania”.

Categories of mineral right licences

Ownership of and control over minerals on, in or under the land vest in the President of the United Republic of Tanzania. No person is allowed to prospect for minerals or carry on mining operations except pursuant to the authority of a mineral right licence granted, or deemed to have been granted, under the Tanzania Mining Act or its predecessor acts. To enable a company to prospect or mine, the Tanzania Mining Commission (“MC”) initially grants an exclusive prospecting licence. Upon presentation of a feasibility study, together with certain other environmental, social and financial assurances, the MC may then grant a form of licence for mining. Three categories of licences can be applied for under the Tanzania Mining Act: licences for exploration, licences for mining, and licences for ancillary activities. Licences for exploration include prospecting licences and gemstone prospecting licences. Licences for mining include special mining licences (if the proposed capital investment is equal to at least $100 million), mining licences (if the proposed capital investment is equal to between $100,000 and $100 million) and primary mining licences (reserved for Tanzanian citizens).

A prospecting licence grants the holder the exclusive right to prospect in the area covered by the licence for all minerals within the class of minerals applied for. An application for a prospecting licence is made to the Mining Commission and the licence, once granted, is valid for an initial term of four years. After the initial term, the licence is renewable for a further period of three years, with no option for renewal thereafter. Upon renewal, 50 percent of the area covered by the licence must be relinquished.

Mining is mainly carried out through either a mining licence or a special mining licence, both of which confer on the holder the exclusive right to conduct mining operations in or on the area covered by the licence. A special mining licence is granted for the shorter of either the estimated life of the ore body indicated in the feasibility study report or such period as the applicant may request. The holder of a special mining licence may apply for renewal of its licence at any time but no later than one year before the expiry of the licence and such renewal shall not be for a period exceeding the estimate life of the remaining ore body. Special



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mining licences have certain fiscal and other advantages over mining licences, as the holder of a special mining licence may enter into a mining development agreement with the Government of Tanzania to guarantee the fiscal stability of a long-term mining project and make special provision for the payment of royalties, taxes, fees and other fiscal imposts. A special mining licence holder may, in certain circumstances, amend the programme of the mining operations agreed with the MC.

Tax laws relating to mining

Currently, the main tax laws in Tanzania comprise the Finance Act, 2015 (No. 16), which came into force on 1 July 2015, the Finance Act, 2017 (No. 4), which came into force on 1 July 2017, and currently the Finance Act, 2022 (No. 5), which came into force on 1 July 2022. All tax laws impose and revise certain taxes, duties, levies and fees. Among other provisions, inspection or clearance fees on the exportation or domestic use of minerals were introduced. Such exportation or domestic use is restricted unless such minerals have been inspected or cleared at the mining areas, ports, airports, border or posts and the clearing fee of one percent of the gross value of the minerals has been paid by the exporter or any other person in possession thereof. Local government levies and environmental management fees and charges apply as well.

Effective 20 July 2017, the Value Added Tax Act, 2014 (No. 5) (the “VAT Act”) was amended in order to restrict VAT relief for VAT input tax paid by mining companies on goods and services. Prior to the enactment of this amendment to the VAT Act, mining companies were entitled to 100 percent VAT relief in respect of the goods and services they purchased. The amendment prohibits refunds for VAT input tax incurred on a series of raw products, including the exportation of “raw minerals”. Subsequently, the Tanzania Revenue Authority (“TRA”) denied our applications for VAT input credit refunds, which amounted to a total of $153 million (after discounting provisions) as of 31 December 2022, covering the period from July 2017 onwards, on the basis that all of the gold doré that we export constitutes “raw minerals” for purposes of the VAT Act. In response, the company filed formal notices of objection with the TRA stating that the exportation of gold doré is, in its view, not covered by the restriction since doré does not fall within the category of “raw minerals” as used in the VAT Act. On 22 February 2019, the Tanzania Mining Act was amended to introduce a definition for “raw minerals” which supports our interpretation that gold doré is excluded from the prohibition. On 1 July 2020, the Finance Act, 2020 (No. 8), amended the VAT Act, without retrospective effect, in order to remove the restrictions on VAT input tax credits for the exportation of “raw minerals” as well as a series of other raw products. This recent amendment confirms the technical basis for VAT input tax recovery for mineral exporters from July 2020 onwards. VAT claims from July 2020 onwards are subject to verification procedures by the TRA before any refunds will be received. In 2022, the company was able to offset $45 million of verified VAT claims (from July 2020 onwards) against its corporate tax liability in Tanzania. Discussions with the TRA are ongoing to resolve our historical claims for VAT input credit refunds for the period from July 2017 to June 2020.

Natural resources, export and other rules

Natural resources legislation

In Tanzania, two laws in respect of natural resources came into force in July 2017: the Natural Wealth and Resources Contracts (Review and Re-negotiation of Unconscionable Terms) Act, 2017 (No. 6) (the “Unconscionable Terms Act”) and the Natural Wealth and Resources (Permanent Sovereignty) Act, 2017 (No. 5) (the “Permanent Sovereignty Act” and together with the Unconscionable Terms Act, the “Natural Resources Laws”). Implementing regulations were published in January 2020. The Natural Resources Laws provide that Tanzania has sovereignty over its natural resources and that all arrangements or agreements that relate to “natural wealth and resources” are subject to review by the National Assembly to ensure that they are in the interests of the people of Tanzania. During a review all unconscionable terms as interpreted in accordance with the law are expunged from the agreement. In addition, under the laws, disputes over natural wealth and resources will not be subject to any proceedings in any foreign court or tribunal. As a result, investors are restricted from accessing international dispute resolution mechanisms. Accordingly, companies are now required to adopt Tanzanian law and local dispute resolution in all mining agreements. As such, all disputes will be handles by Tanzanian judicial bodies or any other Tanzania government body vested with powers to resolve disputes. In addition, to ensure that the Government and the people of Tanzania obtain an equitable stake in the exploitation of mining resources, all project earnings must be retained in Tanzanian banks. Investors are also prevented from freely exporting raw minerals and repatriating funds.

Section 6 of the Unconscionable Terms Act specifically provides that where there is an unconscionable term, the National Assembly may pass a resolution for re-negotiation of the agreement whereupon the Government shall serve notice to the investor to re-negotiate the term or agreement. The Government and the particular investor have 90 days from the notice date to re-negotiate the term or agreement. If both parties fail to revise the unconscionable term, the term will be deemed removed from the agreement. A term is considered “unconscionable” under the Unconscionable Terms Act if, among other grounds, the requirements or provisions of the agreement restrict the right of the state to exercise authority over foreign investment within the country and in accordance with the laws of Tanzania, are inequitable and onerous to the state, secure preferential treatment designed to create a separate legal regime to be applied discriminatorily for the benefit of a particular investor, deprive the people of Tanzania of the economic benefits derived from subjecting natural wealth and resources to beneficiation in the country, or subject the state to the jurisdiction of foreign laws and foreign courts or tribunals.






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State participation

On 23 September 2022, the Mining (State Participation) Regulations, 2022 (the “SPR 2022”) came into force. The SPR 2022 required every mining licence or special mining licence holder to give notice to the MC to initiate negotiations to enable the Government of Tanzania to acquire a shareholding in the mining operation by 23 December 2022. On 9 December 2022, the company notified the MC that it had already initiated negotiations with the Government of Tanzania prior to the coming into force of the SPR 2022. The Government’s equity interest must consist of a non-dilutable free-carried interest in the mining operation ranging between 16 percent and 50 percent depending, in part, on the quantification of tax expenditures enjoyed by the mining entity during its establishment and on the extent of Government development of public infrastructure servicing the mining operation. The free-carried interest shares (the “FCI shares”) will be regarded as preferred shares and will entitle the Government to a dividend. Further, the FCI shares give the Government the right to appoint two directors (out of five) of the company engaged in the mining operation and the right to approve at least two suitable persons to the top executive management of the company engaged in the mining operation as may be agreed in the shareholders agreement. Any other management positions created by the company engaged in the mining operation shall be shared with the Government on a ratio of 3:1. The SPR 2022 also provides for the non-deductibility of royalty payments in the calculation of corporate income tax.

Local participation policy

On 15 September 2015, the Non-Citizens (Employment Regulation) Act, 2015 (No. 1) (the “Non-Citizens Act”) came into force which vests powers concerning work permits with the Labour Commissioner. Therefore, non-citizens wishing to be employed in the country are required to apply and be granted a work permit before applying for a residence permit. Before granting the work permit, the Labour Commissioner must be satisfied that all efforts have been explored to acquire a local expert. Further, the company is required to submit a succession plan to both the Labour Commissioner and the MC which sets out a well-articulated plan for the transfer of the non-citizen’s knowledge and expertise to Tanzanian citizens. Moreover, the Commissioner General of Immigration is required to take into consideration conditions of the work permit issued by the Labour Commissioner when granting a residence permit.

The Tanzania Investment Act No. 10 of 2022

On 2 December 2022, the Tanzania Investment Act, 2022 (No. 10) (the “Investment Act”) came into force. The Investment Act restores the right to international arbitration and grants foreign investors access to settle disputes with the Tanzania Investment Centre or the Government of Tanzania through arbitration. Pursuant to the Investment Act, parties to a dispute may agree to the use of a local or foreign arbitration venue.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The Geita gold mine is located in the Lake Victoria goldfields of the Mwanza region of Tanzania. AngloGold Ashanti has concluded a mining development agreement with the Ministry of Minerals on 24 June 1999 and was issued a special mining licence (SML45/99) covering approximately 196 km2 for a period of 25 years, which expires on 26 August 2024. The internal renewal process for the special mining licence (SML45/99) is underway with a view to submitting an application for renewal prior to its expiry date. On 9 October 2014, an addendum to the mining development agreement was entered into ratifying, among other matters, an increase in the royalty rate from three percent to four percent with effect from 1 May 2012. In March 2020, Geita Gold Mining Limited received the consent of the Minister of Minerals to change the mining method under its special mining licence from open pit to underground method, subject to the requisite terms and conditions. Within the special mining licence area, there are also seven primary mining licences of approximately 0.63 km2 in total which belong to third parties. Furthermore, AngloGold Ashanti holds prospecting licences covering (i) an area of 120 km2 in the immediate vicinity of its special mining licence area, and (ii) an area of 690 km2 located in the Dodoma, Singida and Shinyanga regions, but none of these areas contain any Mineral Reserve. All licences are in good standing.


SOUTH AFRICA

As part of the South African asset sale, AngloGold Ashanti Limited sold its remaining three mining rights in South Africa to Golden Core Trade and Invest (Pty) Ltd (“Golden Core”) and Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited pursuant to a sale agreement concluded on or about 12 February 2020, as amended and reinstated from time to time (the “SA Sale Agreement”). These mining rights relate to operations in the West Wits area.

General laws relating to mining

The MPRDA

The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, No. 28 of 2002 (the “MPRDA”) came into effect on 1 May 2004. The objectives of the MPRDA are, amongst other things, to allow for state sovereignty over all mineral and petroleum resources in the country, to promote economic growth and the development of these resources and to expand opportunities for the historically disadvantaged and to ensure security of tenure for the respective operations concerning prospecting, exploration, mining and production. By virtue of the provisions of the MPRDA, the state ensures that holders of mining and prospecting rights contribute to the socioeconomic development of the areas in which they operate. The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Amendment Act, No. 49 of 2008 (the “MPRDAA”) became effective on 7 June 2013. On 23 April 2004, the Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy (the “MRE Minister”) published, under the terms of the MPRDA, the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Regulations in order to implement the provisions of the MPRDA and MPRDAA. These implementation regulations were amended on 27 March 2020.

The mining charter

Since 2004, a series of mining charters have been adopted in South Africa with the main purpose of transferring part of the ownership of mining assets to black or historically disadvantaged South Africans (“HDSAs”) within a certain time period. Such mining charters also set targets for, amongst other things, the advancement of HDSAs into management positions, the employment of women, procurement of goods and services from HDSA-owned companies, training, community development and the upgrading of mine housing. In 2004, the Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the South African Mining Industry, 2004 was published and, in September 2018, the Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment Charter for the Mining and Minerals Industry, 2018 (the “2018 Mining Charter”) was published, repealing all prior mining charters. In September 2021, the High Court of South Africa (Gauteng Division) held that the 2018 Mining Charter is a policy document and does not, per se, bind holders of mining titles. The High Court also set aside various provisions of the 2018 Mining Charter. In November



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2021, the South African Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (“DMRE”) informed the parliamentary portfolio committee on mineral resources and energy that it does not intend to appeal the outcome of the judgement, but instead will consider steps to achieve the empowerment objectives through legislative amendments to the MPRDA.

The B-BBEE Act

The Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act, No. 53 of 2003 (the “B-BBEE Act”) is a law of general application in respect of Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (“B-BBEE”) and enables the Minister of Trade and Industry to drive B-BBEE across all sectors of the economy. In 2014, the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Amendment Act, No. 46 of 2013 (the “B-BBEE Amendment Act”) came into effect amending the B-BBEE Act to provide a framework of principles, strategies and guidelines aimed at promoting the broad-based socio-economic empowerment of HDSAs across the South African economy and society in the form of ownership, management, employment equity, skills development, preferential procurement, enterprise development and socio-economic development.

Environmental laws relating to mining

The National Environmental Management Act, No. 107 of 1998, as amended (the “NEMA”) includes provisions to deal with environmental regulation of mining and prospecting, which provisions are administered by the MRE Minister. Pursuant to section 24N(8) of NEMA, directors of a company are jointly and severally liable for any negative impact on the environment, whether advertently or inadvertently caused by the company they represent, including damage, degradation and pollution.

From an environmental perspective, given the wide scope of the statutory duty of care in South African environmental law, erstwhile land owners may be held liable for historic contamination by the regulatory authorities. The “polluter pays” principle in South Africa enables the competent authority to seek recourse against various responsible parties based on their historical or current relationship to the source and receptor of degradation or pollution. The duty of care also applies retrospectively to significant pollution or degradation that occurred before the entry into force of NEMA (i.e., 29 January 1999), as well as significant pollution or degradation that arises or is likely to arise at a different time from the actual activity that caused the contamination (e.g., latent or residual impact) or arises through an act or activity of a person that exacerbates pre-existing contamination. The authorities can also seek compensation in respect of clean-up measures that it is required to take on behalf of the responsible parties and apportion liability amongst the responsible parties, which could technically include a historic landowner or mining company that caused the pollution. Although the purchasers of AngloGold Ashanti’s assets in South Africa have contractually assumed all environmental liability associated with its former South African operations and agreed to indemnify AngloGold Ashanti for the same, there remains a risk, at least theoretically, of statutory liability to the state.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

Pursuant to the SA Sale Agreement, AngloGold Ashanti and Golden Core executed a notarial deed of cession of the mining rights with DMRE references GP 30/5/1/2/2/01 MR and GP 30/5/1/2/2/248 MR to transfer and cede these mining rights to Golden Core (the “Deed of Cession”). On 14 June 2021, the Deed of Cession was registered at the Mineral and Petroleum Titles Registration Office (the “MPTRO”).

With respect to the mining right held under DMRE reference GP 30/5/1/2/2/11 MR, AngloGold Ashanti and Golden Core agreed to make an application in terms of section 102 of the MPRDA at the DMRE after the closing date of the SA Sale Agreement requesting, among other matters, the incorporation of this mining right into the mining right with DMRE reference GP 30/5/1/2/2/01 MR (the “Harmony Consolidation Application”). AngloGold Ashanti also executed a notarial conditional deed of abandonment pursuant to which it conditionally abandons this mining right in terms of section 56(f) of the MPRDA (the “Deed of Abandonment”) on condition that ministerial consent is granted in respect of the Harmony Consolidation Application. The Harmony Consolidation Application, which was submitted to the DMRE on 17 January 2022, is still pending. On the date of the grant of the Harmony Consolidation Application, AngloGold Ashanti will cease to be a holder of any mining rights in South Africa. Once the transaction has been fully implemented, the general laws relating to mining outlined above will no longer be applicable to the Company, other than the statutory duty of care in terms of NEMA as described above.


AFRICA REGION

Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

General laws relating to mining

The mining industry in the DRC is primarily regulated by Law No. 007/2002 dated 11 July 2002 (the “2002 DRC Code”), as amended and supplemented by Law No. 18/001 dated 9 March 2018 (the “Reformed DRC Mining Code”) and Decree No. 038/2003 dated 26 March 2003, as amended and supplemented by Decree No. 18/024 dated 8 June 2018 (the “Reformed DRC Mining Regulations”).





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With respect to the application of the Reformed DRC Mining Code and Reformed DRC Mining Regulations, Kibali Goldmines S.A. (“Kibali Goldmines”) has reserved and continues reserving its rights, including, without limitation, its stability rights under, among other legal sources, the 2002 DRC Code. Discussions with the DRC government on these issues and the possible application of incentives that may be available under the Reformed DRC Mining Code and Reformed DRC Mining Regulations, in particular under article 220 of the Reformed DRC Mining Code which provides that the Prime Minister of the DRC may grant a number of incentives to provinces with infrastructure deficits to encourage economic development from mining resources, are ongoing.

Companies holding mining titles issued prior to the entry into force of the Reformed DRC Mining Code and Reformed DRC Mining Regulations have claims to a ten-year stability provision in accordance with prior mining legislation. Notwithstanding the adoption of the new regulatory regime, their rights with respect to such stability provision are reserved.

The Reformed DRC Mining Code grants the DRC Minister of Mines the authority to grant, refuse, suspend or terminate mineral rights, subject to conditions set out in the Reformed DRC Mining Code. Mineral rights may be granted in the form of exploration permits for an initial period of five years renewable once for a further five-year period or in the form of exploitation permits which are granted for an initial period of 25 years, renewable several times for 15-year periods until the end of the mine’s life. Prior to commencing exploration work, the holder of an exploration permit must submit for approval a mitigation and rehabilitation plan pursuant to which it must undertake to carry out certain mitigation measures of the impact of its activities on the environment, as well as rehabilitation measures. Exploitation permits are granted upon successful completion of exploration and satisfaction of certain requirements, including approval of a feasibility study, an environmental and social impact study and an environmental and social management plan. The holder of an exploitation permit is required to commence development and mine construction within three years of the grant of such permit. Failure to do so may lead to forfeiture of the exploitation permit. To protect and enforce rights acquired under an exploration or exploitation permit, the Reformed DRC Mining Code provides, depending on the nature of the dispute or controversy, administrative, judicial and national or international arbitral recourses.

Mining companies are required to grant a free-carried and non-contributory participation to the DRC government. The DRC government’s free participation was originally set at five percent, which was increased to ten percent in respect of exploitation permits issued after the entry into force of the Reformed DRC Mining Code. All mining companies are required to grant an additional five percent free-carried participation to the DRC government upon each renewal of their exploitation permit. Under the Reformed DRC Mining Code, a ten percent local contributory participation is also mandatory for exploitation permits issued after its entry into force.

Tax laws relating to mining

The Reformed DRC Mining Code sets out an exclusive and comprehensive tax and customs regime that is applicable to mining activities. Mining title holders are subject, amongst other things, to a corporate income tax of 30 percent, a windfall tax of 50 percent (subject to certain prerequisites) and are required to pay mining royalties to the DRC government. The royalty rate applicable to gold has been set at 3.5 percent. Mining title holders are also required to contribute a minimum of 0.3 percent of total turnover to community development.

The standard rate of VAT is 16 percent and is applicable to all mining companies. In the DRC, Kibali Goldmines is due certain refunds of VAT which, to date, remain outstanding. During 2022, AngloGold Ashanti did not recover any VAT offsets and refunds from its operations in the DRC. We believe that our attributable share of the net recoverable VAT balance (including recoverable fuel duty and after discounting provisions) owed to us by the DRC government amounted to $86 million as of 31 December 2022. While an agreement was reached with the DRC government on the reimbursement of the refundable VAT in 2018, uncertainty remains regarding the timing and level of cash receipts and offsets against other taxes for purposes of the recovery of our VAT receivables in the DRC.

The Reformed DRC Mining Code also provides for a level of fiscal stability. A stability clause stipulates that existing tax, customs and exchange control provisions applicable to mining activities are guaranteed to remain unchanged for a period of five years from the enactment of the Reformed DRC Mining Code.

Foreign exchange control regime

The Reformed DRC Mining Code imposed new exchange control rules requiring that mining title holders repatriate onshore 60 percent of sale revenues received during the investment amortisation period and 100 percent once the investment amortisation is completed.

During 2022, AngloGold Ashanti repatriated $694 million from its operations in the DRC, in the form of dividends from Kibali (Jersey) Limited. Kibali (Jersey) Limited received such cash from Kibali Goldmines in the form of loan repayments (net of bank fees) (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $658 million) and dividends (net of withholding taxes) (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $36 million). Our attributable share of the outstanding cash balances awaiting repatriation from the DRC amounted to $40 million as of 31 December 2022. The cash is fully available for the operational requirements of Kibali Goldmines. The cash and cash equivalents held at Kibali Goldmines are subject to various steps before they can be distributed to Kibali (Jersey) Limited and are held across four banks in the DRC, including two domestic banks.



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AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

AngloGold Ashanti holds a significant stake in the Kibali gold mine which is located in the north-eastern part of the DRC. The Kibali gold mine is owned by Kibali Goldmines which is a joint venture between Barrick Gold Corporation (45 percent), AngloGold Ashanti (45 percent) and Société Minière de Kilo-Moto S.A. (“SOKIMO”) (10 percent) which represents the interest of the DRC government. AngloGold Ashanti and Barrick Gold Corporation each have a 50 percent interest in Kibali (Jersey) Limited which holds their respective 45 percent interest in Kibali Goldmines.

The Kibali gold project is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation and comprises ten exploitation permits, of which eight expire in 2029 and two in 2030. Those exploitation permits (11447, 11467, 11468, 11469, 11470, 11471, 11472, 5052, 5073, and 5088) cover an area of approximately 1,836 km2 in the Moto goldfields.

Ghana

General laws relating to mining

Control of minerals and mining companies

The Constitution of Ghana as well as the Minerals and Mining Act, 2006 (Act 703) (the “GMM Act”) provide that all minerals in Ghana in their natural state are the property of the State and title to them is vested in the President on behalf of and in trust for the people of Ghana, with rights of reconnaissance, prospecting, recovery and associated land usage being granted under licence or lease. The grant of a mining lease by the Ghana Minister of Lands and Natural Resources (the “LNR Minister”) upon the advice of the Minerals Commission is subject to parliamentary ratification unless the mining lease falls into a class of transactions exempted by the Ghanaian Parliament. The LNR Minister has the power to object to a person becoming or remaining a controller of a company which has been granted a mining lease if the LNR Minister believes, on reasonable grounds, that the public interest would be prejudiced by the person concerned becoming, or remaining, a controller.

Stability and development agreements

The GMM Act provides for stability and development agreements. Stability agreements guarantee for a period of 15 years certain terms and conditions (mainly fiscal) to which a company’s operations are subject. Development agreements may be granted to a mineral right holder that proposes to invest over $500 million in its mineral operations in Ghana. The GMM Act permits stability provisions to be incorporated into development agreements. Stability and development agreements are subject to parliamentary ratification. In January 2020, it was proposed that the GMM Act be amended by abolishing development agreements and shortening the maximum term of stability agreements from 15 years to five years (with a possible extension for a further five years). If the GMM Act were amended along these lines, such amendments would not apply retroactively and would therefore not have an impact on existing development agreements, including the Obuasi Development Agreement (as described below). Those amendments to the GMM Act have not yet been adopted.

Ghana Stability Agreement

In 2004, following the implementation of the business combination between AngloGold Limited and Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited, AngloGold Limited and the Government of Ghana signed a stability agreement (the “Ghana Stability Agreement”) governing certain aspects of the fiscal and regulatory framework within which the company would operate in Ghana for a period of 15 years. In June 2018, the Ghana Stability Agreement ceased to apply to the Obuasi mine because of the parliamentary ratification of a new development agreement and a new tax concession agreement in relation to that mine (as described below).
The Ghana Stability Agreement continued to apply to the Iduapriem mine until it expired in April 2019. Since then, AngloGold Ashanti (Iduapriem) Limited (“AGA Iduapriem”) no longer benefits from the Ghana Stability Agreement. AGA Iduapriem benefits from certain concessions under two deeds of warranty, including exemptions from withholding taxes on dividends, interest and payments for foreign services, and allowable deductions.

Obuasi Development Agreement

AngloGold Ashanti (Ghana) Limited (“AGA Ghana”) negotiated a new development agreement in relation to the Obuasi mine (the “Obuasi DA”) with the Government of Ghana. On 21 June 2018, the Ghanaian Parliament ratified the Obuasi DA which contains stability terms as provided for in stability agreements. The Obuasi DA confers a number of rights and obligations on AGA Ghana with respect to the Obuasi mine, including, among other matters, (i) the stabilisation of the fiscal and regulatory framework (except for enactments promoting the use of Ghanaian goods and services) for a period of ten years (with a potential of it being extended for five years); (ii) the right to hold up to 80 percent of proceeds received from exporting minerals in foreign currencies outside of Ghana; (iii) obligation to give preference to materials and goods made in Ghana as well as services provided by Ghanaians; and (iv) the right to peaceful enjoyment and protection against expropriation.







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Obuasi Tax Concession Agreement

Fiscal terms, which would ordinarily form part of a single stabilisation document, were separated from the Obuasi DA. Hence a separate tax concession agreement in relation to the Obuasi mine (the “Obuasi TCA”) was signed with the Government. On 21 June 2018, the Ghanaian Parliament ratified the Obuasi TCA with a concession period until 31 December 2027. The Obuasi TCA contains a number of tax concessions for AGA Ghana with respect to the Obuasi mine, including, among other matters, (i) a corporate income tax rate of 32.5 percent or such lower rates as may be fixed by law (instead of the current statutory rate of 35 percent); (ii) exemption of certain transactions from capital gains tax; (iii) a sliding scale royalty rate ranging from three percent to five percent for a price ranging from $1,300 up to $2,000 and above per ounce (instead of the current flat rate of five percent); and (iv) certain VAT exemptions and refunds.

Government’s Golden Share

Section 60(1) of the GMM Act provides that the Government of Ghana can require a mining company to issue to the Republic of Ghana for no consideration a special share (a “Golden Share”). A Golden Share in AGA Ghana was issued to the Government of Ghana and the Obuasi DA confirms that the Government’s rights with respect to its Golden Share apply only in respect of AGA Ghana’s assets and operations in Ghana. The Golden Share confers certain rights on the Government in respect of AGA Ghana. For example, written consent of the holder of the Golden Share is required for, among other matters, (i) any amendment of the rights and restrictions in respect of the Golden Share; (ii) the voluntary winding-up or voluntary liquidation of AGA Ghana; (iii) the disposal of any mining lease held by AGA Ghana; and (iv) the disposal of all or substantially all of the assets of AGA Ghana. The holder of the Golden Share does not have the right to participate in the profits or assets of AGA Ghana (by way of dividend or other capital issuances), but is entitled to attend any general meeting of shareholders.

Tax laws relating to mining

Currently, the main tax laws in Ghana include the following acts and regulations, which have been frequently amended over the years:

•Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896) (as amended) and Income Tax Regulations, 2016 (L.I. 2244);
•Customs Act, 2015 (Act 891) (as amended) and Customs Regulations, 2016 (L.I. 2248);
•Value Added Tax, 2013 (Act 870) (as amended) and Value Added Tax Regulations, 2016 (L.I. 2243);
•Revenue Administration Act, 2016 (Act 915) (as amended); and
•Exemptions Act, 2022 (Act 1083).

The Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896) ringfences and taxes income derived from mining operations at the rate of 35 percent. The Obuasi TCA for AGA Ghana provides for a stabilised income tax rate of 32.5 percent. AGA Iduapriem currently pays income tax at the rate of 35 percent.

Furthermore, mining companies must pay ground rent and royalties. Ground rent is payable annually and is calculated based on the number of cadastral units of land held. Royalties are calculated as a percentage of total revenue from minerals obtained by the mining company. The Government of Ghana currently applies a five percent royalty rate to mining companies who have not agreed a different royalty rate under an agreement with the State. AGA Ghana pays royalties on a sliding scale ranging between three percent and five percent as provided for by the Obuasi TCA. AGA Iduapriem pays royalties at a rate of five percent.

The provision of goods and services is liable to value added tax (“VAT”) at a revised rate of 15 percent. In addition, there are separate levies, including a 2.5 percent National Health Insurance Levy (“NHIL”), a 2.5 percent Ghana Education Trust Fund Levy (“GetFund Levy”) and a one percent COVID-19 Levy. By virtue of the Obuasi TCA, AGA Ghana is exempt from the payment of the NHIL and GetFund Levy. In addition, while AGA Ghana is technically exempt from the payment of the COVID-19 Levy (as it became operational subsequent to the effective date of the Obuasi DA), the Company decided to pay the COVID-19 Levy voluntarily. AGA Iduapriem is not exempt from any of these levies.

The Exemptions Act, 2022 (Act 1083) (“Exemptions Act”) defines the scope of tax exemptions that may be granted under Ghanaian law, and sets out the administrative process for obtaining a tax exemption. The Exemptions Act requires a person with the benefit of an existing tax exemption to apply to the Ghana Minister of Finance by 11 March 2023 in order to continue to benefit from that tax exemption. The requirement to apply to the Minister of Finance does not affect AGA Ghana (as, by virtue of the Obuasi DA, AGA Ghana is stabilized against the adverse effects of, or obligations imposed by, any new laws). By contrast, AGA Iduapriem is subject to the provisions of the Exemptions Act.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Mining companies are required, under the GMM Act, Environmental Assessment Regulations, 1999 (L.I. 1652), Environmental Protection (Mining in Forest Reserves) Regulations, 2022 (L.I. 2462) and Water Use Regulations, 2001 (L.I. 1692), to obtain all necessary approvals from the Environmental Protection Agency (the “Ghana EPA”) and, in appropriate cases, the Water Resources Commission, the Forestry Commission and/or the Minerals Commission before undertaking mining operations. This includes undergoing an environmental impact assessment process and, following the issuance of the environmental permit, periodically preparing environmental management plans, which include details of the likely impacts of mining operations on the environment and local communities, as well as a comprehensive plan and timetable for actions to mitigate and remediate any



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adverse effects of the mining operations, for submission to the Ghana EPA. The Minerals and Mining (Health, Safety and Technical) Regulations, 2012 (L.I. 2182) also impose further obligations to obtain the necessary permits from the Inspectorate Division of the Minerals Commission for the operation of mines. The environmental permits of AGA Ghana (for the Obuasi redevelopment project and for the construction and operation of tailings and water infrastructure projects) are valid until June 2024. The environmental permits for AGA Iduapriem in connection with (i) gold mining and processing, (ii) the re-mining of Block 5 and for the tertiary crusher installation project and (iii) the construction and operation of a tailings storage facility (“TSF”) expired in August 2021, July 2022 and January 2023, respectively. The renewal process for the AGA Iduapriem environmental permits, which was commenced in advance of the expiry of the permits, is underway.

Environmental laws in Ghana also require mining operators to rehabilitate land negatively impacted by mining operations according to an environmental cost reclamation plan agreed with the Ghana EPA. The environmental cost reclamation plan includes two cost estimates, namely the cost of rehabilitating the mining area at the end of the life of the mine as well as the cost of rehabilitating the mine as at the date of the reclamation plan. These estimates are reviewed annually and updated every two years. Each mining company is typically required to secure a percentage (typically between 50 percent and 100 percent) of the estimated rehabilitation costs by posting reclamation bonds underwritten by banks and restricted cash. The terms of each reclamation bond are determined by a reclamation security agreement between that company and the Ghana EPA. Both AGA Ghana and AGA Iduapriem have bank guarantees in place for environmental reclamation liabilities as well as escrow accounts with joint signatories from the Ghana EPA. The guarantees for AGA Iduapriem expired in October 2022, whereas the guarantees for AGA Ghana expired in December 2022. Renewal of the bank guarantees (which commenced in advance of the expiry of the existing guarantees) has not yet been completed due to the continued depreciation of the Ghanaian cedi and its impact on the Bank of Ghana’s single obligor limit. AGA Ghana and AGA Iduapriem have notified the Ghana EPA of the resultant delays.

Foreign exchange, export and other rules

Retention of foreign earnings

The Obuasi mine is permitted to retain 80 percent of its foreign exchange earnings in an offshore foreign exchange account, whereas the Iduapriem mine is allowed to retain up to 75 percent. In addition, the Company has permission from the Bank of Ghana to retain and use U.S. dollars outside of Ghana to fulfil payment obligations to the Company’s hedge counterparties which cannot be met from the cash resources of its treasury company.

Rules regarding the export of gold and diamonds

The Bank of Ghana introduced new measures to regulate and monitor the export of gold and diamonds from Ghana in 2015. From September 2015, all exports of gold and diamonds must be carried out through the Precious Minerals Marketing Company Ltd (“PMMC”), except where the exporter is the holder of a licence that permits it to export directly. The Ghana Revenue Authority (Customs Division) only permits gold to be exported by a licensed gold exporter who has a completed Form FEX A4 bearing Bank of Ghana’s embossment. The export measures do not apply to AngloGold Ashanti because the Company holds a licence granted by the LNR Minister to sell and export its production.

Local assaying and refinement policies

In November 2016, the Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources issued a ministerial directive appointing the PMMC as designated laboratory for assaying in Ghana. The directive requests all persons holding export licences for gold to submit all gold to be exported to the PMMC for assay before export. Mining businesses, including AngloGold Ashanti, acting through the Ghana Chamber of Mines were opposed to this directive due to its potential negative impact on mining companies in the region. As a result, the Chamber initiated proceedings to reverse or modify the directive. Following discussions in respect of the mining industry’s concerns, the Chamber and Government agreed on the modalities for implementing the national assaying policy and it was introduced in February 2018 following a one-month pilot among certain mining companies. Subsequently, in June 2019, the LNR Minister released a statement reiterating the Government of Ghana’s plans to locally refine 30 percent of the gold produced in the country. Discussions between the Ghana Chamber of Mines and the Government of Ghana’s economic management team in 2019 led to the Chamber agreeing to consider the proposal and for the parties to discuss detailed modalities to ensure that a move to locally refined gold does not become detrimental to the mining industry.

Local content and local participation policy

Mining companies must submit a detailed programme for the recruitment and training of Ghanaians with a view to achieving “localisation”, which is the replacement of expatriate personnel in a company’s Ghanaian operations by Ghanaian personnel. In addition, mining companies must give preference to Ghanaian products and personnel, to the maximum extent possible, consistent with safety, efficiency and economies. The Minerals and Mining (General) Regulations, 2012 (L.I. 2173) give further details on the localisation policy. The Minerals and Mining (Local Content and Local Participation) Regulations, 2020 (L.I. 2431) came into force on 22 December 2020 with the purpose of developing Ghanaian participation in the mining industry value chain by imposing an obligation on mining companies to procure goods and services with Ghanaian content to the maximum extent possible.




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The Government’s election to purchase gold

In June 2021, the Bank of Ghana launched a “Domestic Gold Purchase Programme” through which the Bank of Ghana intends to purchase refined gold from AGA Ghana, AGA Iduapriem and other large-scale mining companies through voluntary arrangements pursuant to the Bank of Ghana Act, 2002 (Act 612). The LNR Minister indicated in November 2022 that the Government of Ghana intended to exercise its statutory right of pre-emption pursuant to the GMM Act to compel large-scale mining companies to sell 20 percent of their Ghana gold production and/or the resultant refined gold to the Bank of Ghana in exchange for Ghanaian cedis. Each of AGA Ghana and AGA Iduapriem executed voluntary gold purchase agreements with the Bank of Ghana on 29 December 2022. As at 10 March 2023, the Government of Ghana had not exercised its statutory right of pre-emption as prescribed in the GMM Act.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

Obuasi

The Obuasi mine originally held four contiguous mining leases, namely, the Obuasi, Binsere 1, Binsere 2 and Binsere 3 Mining Leases. The Obuasi Mining Lease was granted by the Government of Ghana on 5 March 1994, covering an area of approximately 338 km2 in the Amansie East and Adansi West districts of the Ashanti region, for a term of 30 years from the date of the agreement. The Binsere Mining Leases were granted on 9 April 1998, covering an area of 140 km2, for a term of 30 years from the date of the agreement. All leases in respect of the Obuasi mine had been duly ratified in accordance with Ghanaian law. In March 2007, the Government of Ghana agreed to extend the term of the Obuasi Mining Lease for a further term of 30 years. The amended Obuasi Mining Lease was also ratified by Parliament on 23 October 2008. The Obuasi Mining Lease will expire in March 2054 and the Binsere Mining Leases in April 2028. The mining leases are renewable. On 3 March 2016, the Minerals Commission approved AGA Ghana’s application to surrender approximately 273.54 km2 of the area to the Government of Ghana, reducing the combined area under AGA Ghana’s lease areas to 201.46 km2. The remaining parcel of land that will be subject to the mining lease is situated within various villages and townships in the region but excludes the municipality of Obuasi. On 15 January 2021, the Minerals Commission approved AGA Ghana’s application to surrender a further 60.24 km2 of lease area, thereby reducing the total lease area to 141.22 km2 under three mining leases, namely, the Obuasi Mining Lease (87.48 km2), the Binsere 1 Mining Lease (29.03 km2) and the Binsere 2 Mining Lease (24.71 km2). These mining leases are covered by the Obuasi DA and Obuasi TCA.

Iduapriem

The Iduapriem mine operates under four different mining leases, namely, the Iduapriem Mining Lease (LVB1539/89) (36.47 km2), the Ajopa Mining Lease (LVB/WR326/09) (46.12 km2), the Teberebie Mining Lease (LVB3722H/92) (28.53 km2) and the Ajopa South Mining Lease (LR#1109/1999) (28.10 km2). On 17 February 2020, the mining leases were extended for a further period of 15 years and such leases will now expire in February 2035. All leases in respect of the Iduapriem mine have been duly ratified in accordance with Ghanaian law.

Guinea

General laws relating to mining

In Guinea, the mining industry is primarily regulated by Law L/2011/006/CNT dated 9 September 2011 as amended by Law L/2013/053/CNT dated 8 April 2013 and promulgated by Decree D/2013/075/PRG/SGG dated 17 April 2013 (together, the “Guinea Mining Code”).

The Guinea Mining Code is implemented by various decrees and orders, including Decree D/2014/015/PRG/SGG adopting a model of mining convention, dated 17 January 2014, Order A/2016/1584/MMG/SGG related to the administration’s capacities for the management of integrated mining projects (PARCA-GPI) and its steering committee, dated 6 June 2016, and Decree D/2016/163/PRG/SGG on the national agency for the development of mining infrastructures (ANAIM), dated 13 June 2016.

In 2017, Decree D/2017/285/PRG/SGG was adopted, which sets forth the conditions for the constitution and management of the Local Development Fund (“Fodel”), as well as Joint Order A/2017/6326/MMG/MATD/SGG, which sets forth the conditions for the use, management and control of the Fodel. Together, these set forth the use of the mining companies’ financial contribution to the development of the local communities and the rules applying to the Fodel, which was created under the Guinea Mining Code. On 13 July 2018, a Joint Order A/2018/5212/MEF/MMG/MB/MATD/SGG was issued, which regulates the use, management and monitoring of the resources allocated to local authorities pursuant to article 165 of the Guinea Mining Code. In 2019, an inter-ministerial committee was created to supervise and control the Fodel through the adoption of Joint Order AC/2019/089/MMG/MATD/SGG setting out the conditions for the constitution, powers and management of said inter-ministerial committee. On 6 September 2019, Decree D/2019/263/PRG/SGG was issued, which sets forth local content requirements in the framework of the implementation of public and private projects in Guinea. On 27 May 2021, Order A/2021/1229/MMG/SGG was issued to establish the Steering Committee for local content in the mining sector. On 21 October 2022, Law L/2022/010/CNT, dated 22 September 2022, setting up the legal framework for local content in public and private projects was enacted (the “Local Content Act”). In particular, the Local Content Act regulates local employment, procurement of goods and services, and subcontracting



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requirements. As the Local Content Act does not expressly repeal the provisions of Decree D/2019/263/PRG/SGG, those provisions remain in force to the extent that they do not conflict with the Local Content Act.

On 16 June 2020, a new procedure for the export of gold by mining companies was enacted through the adoption of Decree D/2020/113/PRG/SGG, which sets out, amongst other things: (i) when the industrial production tax referred to in article 161-1 of the Guinea Mining Code shall be paid, and (ii) the process to be followed to export gold bullion.

On 27 April 2021, a Joint Order AC/2021/824/MMG/BCRG/SGG was issued establishing the fees and costs charged by the Guinean mining authorities and the Guinean Central Bank in connection with the administrative procedures for the export of gold by industrial and semi-industrial companies.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The Group’s Guinean subsidiary, Société AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A. (“SAG”), has title to the Siguiri mine in the form of a mining concession, granted by virtue of Presidential Decree D/97/171/PRG/SGG, dated 4 August 1997, for a period of 25 years (the “Mining Concession”). The Mining Concession covers exploration and mining for gold, silver, diamonds and associated ores, and was originally covered by a mining convention entered into with the Republic of Guinea in 1993 and amended in 2005. On 28 June 2016, SAG and the Government of Guinea concluded a revised and consolidated mining convention (Convention de Base Révisée et Consolidée) (the “Revised Mining Convention”) which encompasses a renewal of the term of the original mining convention and other amendments necessary to support an expansion project to extend the life of the Siguiri mine (the “Expansion”). In compliance with the provisions of the Guinea Mining Code, the Revised Mining Convention was ratified by the Guinean National Assembly (Law L/2016/N°067/AN dated 30 December 2016, promulgated by Decree D/2017/015/PRG/SGG dated 24 January 2017), submitted to the Guinean Supreme Court which rendered a favourable opinion (Judgement N°AC 005 dated 16 January 2017), and ratified by the President of the Republic of Guinea (Decree D/2017/021/PRG/SGG dated 24 January 2017), following which it replaced the original mining convention and became effective on 24 January 2017.

Key elements of the Revised Mining Convention include the following:

•a duration of 25 years, expiring 23 January 2042, subject to further renewal if mining operations continue;
•the term of the Mining Concession is aligned with the term of the Revised Mining Convention since the Republic of Guinea committed to maintain the Mining Concession for the entire duration of the Revised Mining Convention;
•SAG’s operations remain governed by the 1995 Guinea Mining Code (the prior mining code) and are only subject to the provisions of the Guinea Mining Code to the extent they are expressly set out in the Revised Mining Convention;
•the stability of the customs and tax regime is guaranteed for the entire initial term of the Revised Mining Convention, and subject to certain conditions being met, any renewal period(s);
•the Republic of Guinea holds a 15 percent free-carried/non-contributory interest;
•the Republic of Guinea is entitled to a royalty on gold of five percent based on a spot gold price as per LBMA fixing (PM) up until the date of steady state commercial production of the first phase of the Expansion, after which the royalty rate applicable to gold will vary depending on threshold prices as per LBMA fixing (PM), namely: three percent if the gold price is $1,300 or less, five percent, if above $1,300 and up to $2,000 and seven percent if above $2,000;
•SAG benefits from 5-year income tax holiday from the beginning of steady state commercial production of the first phase of the Expansion, after which the income tax rate is set at 30 percent;
•a local development tax of 0.4 percent is payable on the sale price for gold and silver received by SAG up until 31 December 2027, after which it will be increased to 0.6 percent;
•salaries of expatriate employees are subject to a ten percent income tax;
•goods imported into Guinea for purposes related to the construction and commissioning of the first phase of the Expansion are exempt from all customs taxes and duties; and
•SAG is committed to adopting and progressively implementing a plan for the effective rehabilitation of the mining areas disturbed or affected by its operations.

The Mining Concession covers an area divided into four blocks totalling approximately 1,495 km2. SAG has the exclusive right to explore and mine in any part of the concession area for the duration of the Revised Mining Convention. The Revised Mining Convention also grants SAG the option to secure certain land rights over additional areas currently covered by exploration permits, but to which SAG may need access for purposes of establishing roads or storage of tailings. While the Mining Concession expired on 4 August 2022, a renewal request had been filed prior to its expiry in accordance with the provisions of the Revised Mining Convention on 1 February 2022. Pursuant to the Revised Mining Convention, the Mining Concession can be renewed for one or more period(s) that cannot exceed ten years each as long as the Revised Mining Convention is in force.

The Revised Mining Convention is subject to early termination if the parties formally and expressly agree to it, if the last of the mining title held by SAG expires or is relinquished without any renewal application having been filed, if all project activities are voluntarily suspended for a continuous period of 12 months or are permanently abandoned by SAG, or if SAG goes into voluntary liquidation or is placed into liquidation by a court of competent jurisdiction.






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Mali

General laws relating to mining

The mining industry in Mali is primarily regulated by Ordinance No. 2019-022/P-RM dated 27 September 2019 containing the new mining code of the Republic of Mali (the “Mali Mining Code”) and Decree No. 2020-0177/PT-RM dated 12 November 2020 implementing the Mali Mining Code. On 8 December 2020, Decree No. 2020-0288/PM-RM enacted the new model mining convention referred to in Decree No. 2020-0177/PT-RM.

The Mali Mining Code applies to the mining operations previously carried out by AngloGold Ashanti entities in Mali (as further described below) except with respect to the validity, scope and duration of their exploitation permits and the provisions on tax and customs regime contained in their mining conventions (conventions d’établissement) for their remaining duration. In this regard, the transitory rules of the Mali Mining Code specify that mining conventions in force remain valid for their remaining term and their holders continue to benefit from the stability of the tax and customs regime set out therein.

Exploration and prospecting activities are carried out under exploration authorisations (autorisation d’exploration) or exploration permits (permis de recherche), which give their holder the exclusive right to carry out exploration activities over a given area. Exploration authorisations are granted by the Mining Administration (Administration chargée des Mines) for a non-renewable period of three months, while exploration permits are granted by Ministerial Order for a period of three years renewable twice for additional 3-year periods. Applications for exploration authorisations and exploration permits must contain various documents attesting to the financial and technical capacity of the applicant as well as a detailed works and costs programme.

A large scale permit exploitation permit (permis d’exploitation de grande mine) is required to mine a deposit located within the area of an exploration permit and grants the holder an exclusive right to exploit the named substances and proceed with the processing and commercialisation of the substances extracted within its perimeter. Large scale exploitation permits are granted by decree of the Head of Government for a maximum period of 12 years renewable for ten year-periods until depletion of the deposits. An application must be submitted to the Mining Administration (Administration chargée des Mines) and must contain various documents attesting to the financial and technical capacity of the applicant, a feasibility study, a detailed environmental study in respect of the impact of the project on the environment, an environmental permit, a closure and rehabilitation plan as well as a community development plan. As soon as the large scale exploitation permit is granted, the permit holder must incorporate a company under the laws of Mali and assign the permit for free to this company. The State will have a ten percent free-carried interest in the company. This interest will be converted into priority shares and the State’s participation will not be diluted in case of an increase in capital. In addition, the company is required to ensure that private Malian investors are offered the possibility to acquire five percent of their capital.

All mining titles mentioned above (save for the exploration authorisation) require a mining convention (convention d’établissement) to be signed by the State and the titleholder defining their rights and obligations, the duration of which is 20 years.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

Historically, AngloGold Ashanti had interests in the Morila, Sadiola and Yatela gold mines, all of which were governed by mining conventions (conventions d’établissement) covering exploration, mining, treatment and marketing in a comprehensive document. These documents include general provisions regarding exploration (work programme, fiscal and customs framework) and exploitation (formation of a local limited liability mining company, State interest, fiscal and customs framework governing construction and exploitation phases, exchange controls, marketing of the product, accounting regime, training programmes for local labour, protection of the environment, reclamation, safety, hygiene and dispute settlement). The Morila and Sadiola gold mines were sold in November and December 2020, respectively.

In April 2017, Société d’Exploitation des Mines d’Or de Yatela S.A. (“Yatela”), the company operating the Yatela gold mine, began the implementation of a closure plan in order to relinquish the property. In February 2019, AngloGold Ashanti and its joint venture partner IAMGOLD Corporation announced an agreement to sell each of their 40 percent interests in Yatela to the Government of Mali, which holds the remaining 20 percent interest. Completion of the transaction is subject to the fulfilment or waiver of a number of conditions precedent and has been delayed several times since 2019 due to political instability and related events in Mali as well as the COVID-19 pandemic. Yatela’s exploitation permit covers approximately 212 km2. Yatela has a 30-year permit which expires in 2030.

Tanzania

General laws relating to mining

Tanzania Mining Act and Tanzania Mining Regulations

Mineral rights in the United Republic of Tanzania are principally governed by the Mining Act, Chapter 123 (R.E. 2019), as amended (the “Tanzania Mining Act”) and the Mining Regulations, 2018 (the “Tanzania Mining Regulations”). The Tanzania



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Mining Act and the Tanzania Mining Regulations came into force in November 2010 followed by amendments to the Tanzania Mining Act in 2017 and subsequent amendments to the Tanzania Mining Regulations in 2018 and 2019. The Mining (Local Content) Regulations were amended and came into force on 23 September 2022. Those amendments, together with an Executive Order, introduced, among other matters, (i) the Tanzania Mining Commission; (ii) local content requirements in employment and for procurement of goods and services; (iii) Mining Licence requirements of five percent of a licencee’s equity to be held by Tanzanians, with at least 80 percent of its managerial positions to be held by Tanzanians and 100 percent of non-managerial and other positions to be held by Tanzanians, in addition to the shareholding of the Government of Tanzania pursuant to Section 10 of the Tanzania Mining Act (i.e. free-carried interest); and (iv) regulations for the government warehousing of minerals prior to export/sale.

Minimum shareholding and public offering

In 2016, the Mining (Minimum Shareholding and Public Offering) Regulations, 2016, as amended, was adopted. The regulations set out the requirement to sell shares to Tanzanian nationals, by way of a public offering and listing on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange, which will apply to companies that are carrying out large scale mining operations. The regulations also require all existing holders of a special mining licence to list a minimum of 30 percent of their shares on either the Main Investment Market or the Enterprise Growth Market Segment of the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange within six months of the regulations coming into force, which was on 24 February 2017. However, the Company believes the listing requirement conflicts with the mining development agreement. In September 2020, the Government of Tanzania published the Mining (Minimum Shareholding and Public Offering) (Amendment) Regulations, 2020, which exempts companies holding special mining licences from local listing requirements if such mining company has entered into an agreement with the Government of Tanzania that provides for a non-dilutable free-carried interest in such mining company and an economic benefits sharing arrangement.

Arbitration

Along with other major mining companies, AngloGold Ashanti’s subsidiaries are seeking a constructive dialogue with the Government of Tanzania to gain assurances that the Geita gold mine will not be affected by recent legal and fiscal changes adopted by the Government in light of their mining development agreements which guarantee (i) fiscal and regulatory stability, and (ii) an agreement between all parties before material legal and regulatory changes are made. As a precautionary step to safeguard its interests, AngloGold Ashanti commenced international arbitration proceedings against the Government of Tanzania in connection with the enactment of this legislation in July 2017. Declaratory relief is sought in accordance with the terms of the company’s existing mining development agreement to preserve its and its shareholders’ rights and interests in the Geita gold mine. AngloGold Ashanti is seeking confirmation from the Government of Tanzania that, as a result of its existing mining development agreement, the company does not fall within the scope of the new mining legislation that includes, among other things, (i) listing requirements; (ii) an increase in the rate of revenue royalties from four to six percent and a one percent clearance fee; and (iii) a right for the Government of Tanzania to (a) renegotiate existing mining agreements at its discretion, (b) receive a non-dilutable, free-carried interest of no less than 16 percent in all mining projects, and (c) acquire up to 50 percent of the shares of the mining company commensurate with the total tax expenditure incurred by the Government in favour of the mining company. AngloGold Ashanti can provide no assurance that the new mining legislation, including the listing requirements, will not apply to its operations in Tanzania and the outcome of the arbitration action may have a material adverse impact on the company’s results of operations and financial condition. See also “Item 8A: Legal Proceedings-Tanzania”.

Categories of mineral right licences

Ownership of and control over minerals on, in or under the land vest in the President of the United Republic of Tanzania. No person is allowed to prospect for minerals or carry on mining operations except pursuant to the authority of a mineral right licence granted, or deemed to have been granted, under the Tanzania Mining Act or its predecessor acts. To enable a company to prospect or mine, the Tanzania Mining Commission (“MC”) initially grants an exclusive prospecting licence. Upon presentation of a feasibility study, together with certain other environmental, social and financial assurances, the MC may then grant a form of licence for mining. Three categories of licences can be applied for under the Tanzania Mining Act: licences for exploration, licences for mining, and licences for ancillary activities. Licences for exploration include prospecting licences and gemstone prospecting licences. Licences for mining include special mining licences (if the proposed capital investment is equal to at least $100 million), mining licences (if the proposed capital investment is equal to between $100,000 and $100 million) and primary mining licences (reserved for Tanzanian citizens).

A prospecting licence grants the holder the exclusive right to prospect in the area covered by the licence for all minerals within the class of minerals applied for. An application for a prospecting licence is made to the Mining Commission and the licence, once granted, is valid for an initial term of four years. After the initial term, the licence is renewable for a further period of three years, with no option for renewal thereafter. Upon renewal, 50 percent of the area covered by the licence must be relinquished.

Mining is mainly carried out through either a mining licence or a special mining licence, both of which confer on the holder the exclusive right to conduct mining operations in or on the area covered by the licence. A special mining licence is granted for the shorter of either the estimated life of the ore body indicated in the feasibility study report or such period as the applicant may request. The holder of a special mining licence may apply for renewal of its licence at any time but no later than one year before the expiry of the licence and such renewal shall not be for a period exceeding the estimate life of the remaining ore body. Special



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mining licences have certain fiscal and other advantages over mining licences, as the holder of a special mining licence may enter into a mining development agreement with the Government of Tanzania to guarantee the fiscal stability of a long-term mining project and make special provision for the payment of royalties, taxes, fees and other fiscal imposts. A special mining licence holder may, in certain circumstances, amend the programme of the mining operations agreed with the MC.

Tax laws relating to mining

Currently, the main tax laws in Tanzania comprise the Finance Act, 2015 (No. 16), which came into force on 1 July 2015, the Finance Act, 2017 (No. 4), which came into force on 1 July 2017, and currently the Finance Act, 2022 (No. 5), which came into force on 1 July 2022. All tax laws impose and revise certain taxes, duties, levies and fees. Among other provisions, inspection or clearance fees on the exportation or domestic use of minerals were introduced. Such exportation or domestic use is restricted unless such minerals have been inspected or cleared at the mining areas, ports, airports, border or posts and the clearing fee of one percent of the gross value of the minerals has been paid by the exporter or any other person in possession thereof. Local government levies and environmental management fees and charges apply as well.

Effective 20 July 2017, the Value Added Tax Act, 2014 (No. 5) (the “VAT Act”) was amended in order to restrict VAT relief for VAT input tax paid by mining companies on goods and services. Prior to the enactment of this amendment to the VAT Act, mining companies were entitled to 100 percent VAT relief in respect of the goods and services they purchased. The amendment prohibits refunds for VAT input tax incurred on a series of raw products, including the exportation of “raw minerals”. Subsequently, the Tanzania Revenue Authority (“TRA”) denied our applications for VAT input credit refunds, which amounted to a total of $153 million (after discounting provisions) as of 31 December 2022, covering the period from July 2017 onwards, on the basis that all of the gold doré that we export constitutes “raw minerals” for purposes of the VAT Act. In response, the company filed formal notices of objection with the TRA stating that the exportation of gold doré is, in its view, not covered by the restriction since doré does not fall within the category of “raw minerals” as used in the VAT Act. On 22 February 2019, the Tanzania Mining Act was amended to introduce a definition for “raw minerals” which supports our interpretation that gold doré is excluded from the prohibition. On 1 July 2020, the Finance Act, 2020 (No. 8), amended the VAT Act, without retrospective effect, in order to remove the restrictions on VAT input tax credits for the exportation of “raw minerals” as well as a series of other raw products. This recent amendment confirms the technical basis for VAT input tax recovery for mineral exporters from July 2020 onwards. VAT claims from July 2020 onwards are subject to verification procedures by the TRA before any refunds will be received. In 2022, the company was able to offset $45 million of verified VAT claims (from July 2020 onwards) against its corporate tax liability in Tanzania. Discussions with the TRA are ongoing to resolve our historical claims for VAT input credit refunds for the period from July 2017 to June 2020.

Natural resources, export and other rules

Natural resources legislation

In Tanzania, two laws in respect of natural resources came into force in July 2017: the Natural Wealth and Resources Contracts (Review and Re-negotiation of Unconscionable Terms) Act, 2017 (No. 6) (the “Unconscionable Terms Act”) and the Natural Wealth and Resources (Permanent Sovereignty) Act, 2017 (No. 5) (the “Permanent Sovereignty Act” and together with the Unconscionable Terms Act, the “Natural Resources Laws”). Implementing regulations were published in January 2020. The Natural Resources Laws provide that Tanzania has sovereignty over its natural resources and that all arrangements or agreements that relate to “natural wealth and resources” are subject to review by the National Assembly to ensure that they are in the interests of the people of Tanzania. During a review all unconscionable terms as interpreted in accordance with the law are expunged from the agreement. In addition, under the laws, disputes over natural wealth and resources will not be subject to any proceedings in any foreign court or tribunal. As a result, investors are restricted from accessing international dispute resolution mechanisms. Accordingly, companies are now required to adopt Tanzanian law and local dispute resolution in all mining agreements. As such, all disputes will be handles by Tanzanian judicial bodies or any other Tanzania government body vested with powers to resolve disputes. In addition, to ensure that the Government and the people of Tanzania obtain an equitable stake in the exploitation of mining resources, all project earnings must be retained in Tanzanian banks. Investors are also prevented from freely exporting raw minerals and repatriating funds.

Section 6 of the Unconscionable Terms Act specifically provides that where there is an unconscionable term, the National Assembly may pass a resolution for re-negotiation of the agreement whereupon the Government shall serve notice to the investor to re-negotiate the term or agreement. The Government and the particular investor have 90 days from the notice date to re-negotiate the term or agreement. If both parties fail to revise the unconscionable term, the term will be deemed removed from the agreement. A term is considered “unconscionable” under the Unconscionable Terms Act if, among other grounds, the requirements or provisions of the agreement restrict the right of the state to exercise authority over foreign investment within the country and in accordance with the laws of Tanzania, are inequitable and onerous to the state, secure preferential treatment designed to create a separate legal regime to be applied discriminatorily for the benefit of a particular investor, deprive the people of Tanzania of the economic benefits derived from subjecting natural wealth and resources to beneficiation in the country, or subject the state to the jurisdiction of foreign laws and foreign courts or tribunals.






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State participation

On 23 September 2022, the Mining (State Participation) Regulations, 2022 (the “SPR 2022”) came into force. The SPR 2022 required every mining licence or special mining licence holder to give notice to the MC to initiate negotiations to enable the Government of Tanzania to acquire a shareholding in the mining operation by 23 December 2022. On 9 December 2022, the company notified the MC that it had already initiated negotiations with the Government of Tanzania prior to the coming into force of the SPR 2022. The Government’s equity interest must consist of a non-dilutable free-carried interest in the mining operation ranging between 16 percent and 50 percent depending, in part, on the quantification of tax expenditures enjoyed by the mining entity during its establishment and on the extent of Government development of public infrastructure servicing the mining operation. The free-carried interest shares (the “FCI shares”) will be regarded as preferred shares and will entitle the Government to a dividend. Further, the FCI shares give the Government the right to appoint two directors (out of five) of the company engaged in the mining operation and the right to approve at least two suitable persons to the top executive management of the company engaged in the mining operation as may be agreed in the shareholders agreement. Any other management positions created by the company engaged in the mining operation shall be shared with the Government on a ratio of 3:1. The SPR 2022 also provides for the non-deductibility of royalty payments in the calculation of corporate income tax.

Local participation policy

On 15 September 2015, the Non-Citizens (Employment Regulation) Act, 2015 (No. 1) (the “Non-Citizens Act”) came into force which vests powers concerning work permits with the Labour Commissioner. Therefore, non-citizens wishing to be employed in the country are required to apply and be granted a work permit before applying for a residence permit. Before granting the work permit, the Labour Commissioner must be satisfied that all efforts have been explored to acquire a local expert. Further, the company is required to submit a succession plan to both the Labour Commissioner and the MC which sets out a well-articulated plan for the transfer of the non-citizen’s knowledge and expertise to Tanzanian citizens. Moreover, the Commissioner General of Immigration is required to take into consideration conditions of the work permit issued by the Labour Commissioner when granting a residence permit.

The Tanzania Investment Act No. 10 of 2022

On 2 December 2022, the Tanzania Investment Act, 2022 (No. 10) (the “Investment Act”) came into force. The Investment Act restores the right to international arbitration and grants foreign investors access to settle disputes with the Tanzania Investment Centre or the Government of Tanzania through arbitration. Pursuant to the Investment Act, parties to a dispute may agree to the use of a local or foreign arbitration venue.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The Geita gold mine is located in the Lake Victoria goldfields of the Mwanza region of Tanzania. AngloGold Ashanti has concluded a mining development agreement with the Ministry of Minerals on 24 June 1999 and was issued a special mining licence (SML45/99) covering approximately 196 km2 for a period of 25 years, which expires on 26 August 2024. The internal renewal process for the special mining licence (SML45/99) is underway with a view to submitting an application for renewal prior to its expiry date. On 9 October 2014, an addendum to the mining development agreement was entered into ratifying, among other matters, an increase in the royalty rate from three percent to four percent with effect from 1 May 2012. In March 2020, Geita Gold Mining Limited received the consent of the Minister of Minerals to change the mining method under its special mining licence from open pit to underground method, subject to the requisite terms and conditions. Within the special mining licence area, there are also seven primary mining licences of approximately 0.63 km2 in total which belong to third parties. Furthermore, AngloGold Ashanti holds prospecting licences covering (i) an area of 120 km2 in the immediate vicinity of its special mining licence area, and (ii) an area of 690 km2 located in the Dodoma, Singida and Shinyanga regions, but none of these areas contain any Mineral Reserve. All licences are in good standing.


AUSTRALIA

General laws relating to mining

In Australia, with a few exceptions, all onshore minerals are owned by the Crown. The respective Minister for each state and territory is responsible for administering the relevant mining legislation enacted by the states and territories. Native title legislation applies to certain mining tenements within Australia. Australia recognises and protects a form of native title that reflects the entitlement of Aboriginal people to their traditional lands in accordance with their traditional custom and laws. Should native title claims or determinations exist, certain native title processes and procedures will apply under the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) (the “Native Title Act”) before the tenure is granted. Tenure may be granted subject to conditions relating to native title rights. In the mining context, native title matters are managed as part of the tenement grant process. If disputes arise in relation to the grant of a particular tenement, they can be referred to the National Native Title Tribunal, established under the Native Title Act, for resolution. Native title legislation also provides a framework for compensation to be paid for acts that affect native title rights and interests. Ordinarily, the relevant Commonwealth or State government is liable to pay compensation for acts attributable to it. However, in the state of Western Australia, the Mining Act 1978 (WA) provides that an applicant for the grant of, or the holder of, a mining tenement is responsible for native title compensation, if determined to be payable, to native title holders.



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Federal, state and territory Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal heritage laws operate in parallel to the native title legislation. State and territory heritage laws exist predominantly for the purposes of managing the impact of developments on sites, objects and areas of heritage significance. In Western Australia, impacts to Aboriginal cultural heritage are regulated by the Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 (WA). However, this legislation will be repealed and replaced by the Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act 2021 (WA) (the “ACH Act”) which was enacted in 2021. The regulations, management code and various guidelines which underpin the ACH Act are being co-designed by the State government, traditional owners, industry and other stakeholders. The ACH Act will not become fully operational until the co-design process is complete in mid-2023 at the earliest. Where an area of heritage significance is placed on the national or world heritage registers, federal approval processes may also apply. To date, there has not been any significant impact on any of AngloGold Ashanti’s tenure due to native title or heritage legislation and, at this stage, it is not possible to predict any significant impact that may result in the future from the final regulations, management code and various guidelines under the ACH Act, once adopted.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operating properties are located in the state of Western Australia where tenure is issued under, and mining operations are governed by, the Mining Act 1978 (WA). The most common forms of tenure in Western Australia are exploration and prospecting licences, mining leases, miscellaneous licences and general purpose leases. In most Australian states, if the holder of an exploration licence establishes indications of an economic mineral deposit in the area covered by the exploration licence and complies with the conditions of the grant, the holder of the exploration licence has a priority right against all others to be granted a mining lease which gives the holder exclusive mining rights with respect to minerals on the property.

It is possible for an individual or entity to own an area of land (including for infrastructure purposes) and for another individual or entity to be granted the right to explore for or mine any minerals located on or under the surface of the same area. The maximum initial term of a mining lease in Western Australia is 21 years and the holder has the right to renew the lease for an additional 21 years. Subsequent renewals are granted at the discretion of the respective state or territory’s minister responsible for mining rights. In Western Australia, mining leases can only be assigned with the prior written consent of the minister.

Tax laws relating to mining

Government royalties are payable by the holder of mining tenure in respect of minerals obtained from the relevant area of land at the rates specified in the relevant legislation in each state or territory. The royalty on gold production in Western Australia is payable quarterly at a fixed rate of 2.5 percent of the royalty value of gold metal produced. The royalty value is calculated by multiplying the amount of gold produced during a given month by the average gold spot price for that month. In addition, the holder of a mining tenement is required to pay annual rent in respect of the tenement. In Western Australia there is a minimum annual expenditure requirement for prospecting and exploration licences and mining leases. Exemptions from the expenditure requirement can be obtained if certain conditions are satisfied.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Mining tenements will be granted with endorsements and conditions relating to protection of the environment. Exploration and mining operations may also require separate approval from the state, territory or federal environment minister, which may require completion of an environmental impact assessment (including a public consultation period) pursuant to applicable environmental protection legislation prior to commencement. Further, a works 'construction' approval and an operating licence under the relevant environmental protection legislation in the state or territory may also be required for certain mine processing or mining-related operations. In Western Australia, legislation removing the distinction between “works approvals” and “licenses” is expected to enter into force in December 2023 such that, following the effective date, only a “license” will be required for “prescribed activities”, which include relevant works and operations on a mining lease, and not a separate “works approval”. Depending on the jurisdiction, additional approvals may be required for the removal of native vegetation within the tenement, and the taking and use of water for exploration and mining operations.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

AngloGold Ashanti has been granted 21-year term mining leases with rights of renewal to all of its mining areas in Australia, including its proportionate share of joint venture operations and accordingly it has, together with its joint venture partners where applicable, the exclusive right to mine in those areas. Both the Group and its joint venture partners are fully authorised to conduct operations in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. The mining leases and rights of renewal cover the current life-of-mine at AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Australia.

At Sunrise Dam, one mining lease (M39/1116) covers the deposit and mine infrastructure (approximately 7,808 hectares) and another mining lease (M39/1117) covers the water extraction infrastructure used to supply the operation with water (approximately 1,768 hectares). Both leases are currently in good standing, with expiry dates in 2038.

The Butcher Well joint venture has security of tenure for all current exploration licences and for the contiguous mining leases that covers its Mineral Resource. There are three mining leases: mining lease (M39/165) which covers 602.35 hectares with expiry date in 2030, mining lease (M39/166) which covers 990 hectares with expiry date in 2030 and mining lease (M39/230) which covers 446.4 hectares with expiry date in 2032.




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At Tropicana, the deposit is situated upon a single mining lease (M39/1096) covering approximately 27,228 hectares, which is currently in good standing, with an expiry date in 2036.

AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited is also conducting early stage exploration activities in Queensland under the Mineral Resources Act 1989 (QLD). AngloGold Ashanti holds 15 exploration permits covering 316,851 hectares. Each permit is granted with an initial term of five years, renewable for two further periods of not more than five years each.


AMERICAS

Argentina

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

Mining regime

The Argentinean Mining Code governs mining activity in the country. Special regimes exist for hydrocarbons and nuclear minerals. In the case of most minerals, the Argentinean Mining Code establishes that the owner of the land is not the owner of the mineral rights; these are held by the national or provincial governments (depending on the location of the minerals). The national or provincial government, as applicable, is required by the Argentinean Mining Code to grant whomever discovers a new mine title to the mining concession.

The Argentinean Mining Code regulates exploration permits as well as mining concessions, or exploitation rights. Exploration permits grant their holders exclusivity rights to any mineral discoveries, including those made by a third party within the exploration area covered by the permit. Exploration permits are limited in time and as to the extent of the exploration area, are subject to the payment of a single-time fee, and also require a minimum exploration work programme and schedule to keep the permit in force. Priority for receiving a mining concession is given to the registered discoverer of the mine, which holds the exploration permit. Once the application for a mine has been submitted, the applicant may commence works and must submit a legal survey of the units requested for the new mine. The application and the legal survey may be opposed by third parties following specific proceedings set forth in the Argentinean Mining Code. Approval and registration of the legal survey by the provincial mining authority constitutes formal title to the mining concession.

Holders of mining concessions must comply with three main conditions: payment of an annual fee, investment of a minimum amount of capital, and the carrying out of a reasonable level of exploitation. Failure to do so could lead to forfeiture of the mining concession, which would then revert back to the Province.

In addition to the Argentinean Mining Code, between 1993 and 1995, Argentina implemented several federal laws to offer foreign companies attractive incentives for exploration and mining in Argentina, the Mining Investment Law (Law No. 24, 196), as amended (the “Mining Investment Law”), and related legal provisions being the most important one. Such incentives include, among other matters, import duty exemptions, accelerated depreciation of fixed assets, a three percent cap on provincial royalties set at pit-head value on the mineral extracted, value added tax refunds for exploration-related expenses incurred by companies registered under the Mining Investment Law, and, subject to the filing of a feasibility study for the relevant mining project, a 30-year stability as to the tax burden on the project and the customs and foreign exchange regimes and duties. Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (“CVSA”) obtained its tax, customs and foreign exchange stability certificate in 1996.

Glacier Law

On 30 September 2010, the National Law on Minimum Requirements for the Protection of Glaciers (Law No. 26, 639) (the “Glacier Law”) was enacted in Argentina, banning new mining exploration and exploitation activities on glaciers and “peri-glacial” areas. The Glacier Law establishes a broad definition of “peri-glacial” areas that, together with glacial areas, must be surveyed by an existing national government agency specifically appointed to this end every five years. The area where the Cerro Vanguardia project is located does not include any glaciers or peri-glacial areas according to the inventory of glaciers which was published in June 2018.

Rural Land Law

On 27 December 2011, the Argentinean National Congress passed a law on the Regime for Protection of National Domain over Ownership, Possession or Tenure of Rural Land (Law No. 26, 737) (the “Rural Land Law”) which implemented a set of rules restricting the ownership of rural land by foreigners (including foreign individuals or any kind of legal entity controlled by foreign individuals or legal entities). The main restrictions are as follows: (i) foreigners cannot own in the aggregate more than 15 percent of the entire rural land of Argentina, the same cap being applicable to each Province and Municipality; (ii) foreigners will not be allowed to purchase more than 1,000 hectares in the so-called “zona núcleo”, which comprises the main agricultural areas of central Argentina or an “equivalent” surface depending on the location of the land and its productive potential; and (iii) foreigners will not be allowed to buy land that contains, or is adjacent to, relevant and permanent water bodies (such as rivers and lakes). Although exploration permits and mining concessions are not the subject matter of the restrictions placed by the Rural Land Law, certain rights granted to foreign mining companies under the Argentinean Mining Code may be restricted by this



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new law. For example, the right that holders of mining concessions currently have to force the surface owner to sell the land to the holder of the mining concession might be restricted if the concession holder is a foreign individual or a legal entity controlled by foreigners.

Federal Mining Agreement

On 13 June 2017, the national government and the provinces in whose territories the main mining projects of Argentina are located, signed the New Federal Mining Agreement (“FMA”). The purpose of the FMA is, amongst other things, to increase provincial revenues from the mining industry by creating legal entities owned by provincial governments that would work in association with private mining companies. This scheme is not new in Argentina and it has been used by some provincial governments, amongst them the Santa Cruz Province (through Fomicruz), in which the Cerro Vanguardia project is located. The FMA also contemplates other forms of revenues such as the formation of special trusts to be funded by mining companies to finance education, health and other programmes. Additionally, the FMA included setting forth mining royalties up to three percent of the gross value of commercialised minerals, without any deductions other than VAT. As the FMA has not yet been converted into law by the National Congress, its provisions are neither binding nor enforceable.

In Argentina, the current regulatory regime of royalty payments is expected to change and several different options and payment thresholds have been discussed. In December 2012, the Santa Cruz Province changed the mining royalty from one percent to three percent calculated at pit-head value of the mineral extracted thus bringing it to the cap of the Mining Investment Law.

Foreign exchange and export rules

Foreign exchange controls

On 1 September 2019, by means of Executive Decree No. 609/2019 (the “Export Controls Decree”), the Argentinean national government reinstated foreign exchange and export controls. The Export Controls Decree and related regulations of the Central Bank of Argentina impose, among other measures, the obligation of Argentinean residents to transfer to Argentina and/or sell for Argentinean pesos in the Argentinean foreign exchange market (mercado de cambios) the countervalue (contravalor) from their exports of goods within a specified period. The export of goods is regulated by the Consolidated Text on “Foreign Trade and Exchange” issued by the Argentinean Central Bank (as amended from time to time) which establishes the specific regulatory requirements to implement the measures adopted by the national government in this area. Prior approval of the Argentinean Central Bank is generally required to access the foreign exchange market for transactions relating to the outflow of funds, except in certain circumstances.

In October 2022, the Argentinean national government implemented the Argentinean System of Imports (Sistema de Importaciones de la República Argentina) (“SIRA”) and the Argentinean System of Imports and Foreign Payments of Services (Sistema de Importaciones de la República Argentina y Pagos de Servicios al Exterior). Importers must obtain a SIRA approval in the form of a SIRA certificate for the import of goods and to access the foreign exchange market for payments in connection with the import of goods. Additionally, from 1 January 2023, Argentinean residents, such as CVSA, must comply with certain supplementary provisions in order to access the foreign exchange market without prior approval of the Argentinean Central Bank, unless an exception applies.

CVSA had a cash balance equivalent to $116 million at 31 December 2022. The cash balance is available to be paid to AngloGold Ashanti’s offshore ($105 million (equivalent)) and onshore ($15 million (equivalent)) investment holding companies in the form of declared dividends. Applications have been made to the Argentinean Central Bank to approve the purchase of U.S. dollars in order to distribute offshore dividends related to the 2019, 2020 and 2021 financial years of $105 million (equivalent) to AngloGold Ashanti. Also, under a special regime established for dividend payments, a new petition to distribute a portion of the offshore dividends applied for, in the amount of $54 million (equivalent), was submitted to the Argentinean Central Bank during the third quarter of 2022. In December 2022, the Argentinean Central Bank approved, based on the applications submitted under this special regime, the payment of $17 million (equivalent) to AngloGold Ashanti. As a result, during 2022, AngloGold Ashanti received offshore dividends from CVSA in a total amount of $17 million (net of withholding taxes) paid in U.S. dollars. While the remaining approvals are pending, the cash remains fully available for CVSA’s operational and exploration requirements.

Export duties

On 21 December 2019, the National Law on Social Solidarity and Productive Reactivation (Law No. 27, 541) (the “Solidarity Law”) was enacted. The Solidarity Law granted the national government power until 31 December 2021 to impose export duties which may not exceed certain caps. For example, the Solidarity Law provides that export duties on mining exports cannot exceed eight percent of the taxable value or official FOB price. On 2 October 2020, the national government published Decree No. 785/2020 (the “Export Duties Decree”) which sets an export duty rate of eight percent for certain goods, including doré bars and gold alloys, and revoked the provisions of Decree No. 793/2018 which had previously set the export duty at 12 percent ad valorem. While the Export Duties Decree was set to expire at the end of 2021, on 31 December 2021, the national government published Decree No. 908/2021, extending the deadline of export duties on certain goods, including doré bars and gold alloys, until 31 December 2023. It is uncertain whether the national government is empowered to extend such deadline beyond the date set forth in the Solidarity Law. These export duties, if not compensated with other tax reductions, affect the tax stability guarantee granted to CVSA in 1996 in light of the fact that at the time export duties were zero percent.



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On 26 February 2019, the Argentinean tax and mining authorities published a resolution (RC 4428/2019) establishing an administrative procedure to be followed to obtain the reimbursement or compensation of federal taxes paid in excess of the total tax burden provided for by the applicable tax stability guarantee (the “2019 Procedure”). CVSA initiated the 2019 Procedure to claim compensation for the export duties it paid in 2018, 2019 and 2020 as export duties are not contemplated by its tax stability guarantee. Prior to the publication of RC 4428/2019, CVSA had already submitted to the tax authorities claims for reimbursement of the export duties it paid from 2008 to 2015.

Pursuant to the 2019 Procedure, the National Mining Secretariat issued favorable opinions regarding CVSA’s claims in respect of fiscal years 2018 and 2019, which amounted to approximately $2.0 million and $6.3 million, respectively, as of 31 December 2022. These claims are currently under review by the relevant customs authorities. On 14 July 2021, CVSA submitted its claim in respect of fiscal year 2020, which amounted to approximately $12.4 million as of 31 December 2022. The National Mining Secretary has not yet issued an opinion regarding this claim.

Furthermore, CVSA has requested the tax authorities to apply the 2019 Procedure in respect of its historical claims for fiscal years 2008 to 2015 during which the imposition of export duties also exceeded CVSA’s total tax burden under its tax stability guarantee. However, these claims, which amounted to approximately $3.1 million as of 31 December 2022, are still being reviewed under the rules to challenge export duties instead of the 2019 Procedure. CVSA has appealed the application of those rules and a decision on this issue is pending.

On 9 June 2022, the Argentinean tax and mining authorities published a resolution (RC 5205/2022) establishing a new administrative procedure to be followed to obtain the reimbursement or compensation of federal taxes paid in excess of the total tax burden provided for by the applicable tax stability guarantee (the “2022 Procedure”). This 2022 Procedure replaces the 2019 Procedure established by RC 4428/2019. On 20 September 2022, CVSA submitted its claim for compensation for the export duties in respect of fiscal year 2021, which amounted to approximately $11.2 million as of 31 December 2022, pursuant to the 2022 Procedure. This claim is currently under review by the National Mining Secretary.

In total, AngloGold Ashanti’s net export duty receivables (after discounting provisions) in Argentina amounted to $9 million as of 31 December 2022.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Any mining company wishing to commence or modify any mining-related activity, as defined by the Argentinean Mining Code, including prospecting, exploration, exploitation, development, preparation, extraction, and storage of mineral substances, as well as property abandonment or mine closure activity, is required to prepare and submit to the competent provincial environmental authority an Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”) prior to commencing the work. Each EIA is required to describe the nature of the proposed work, its potential risk to the environment, and the measures that will be taken to mitigate that risk. If accepted by the competent authority, the EIA is used as the basis to create a Declaration of Environmental Impact (“DEI”) to which the mining company is required to adhere during the mining-related activity at issue. The DEI is required to be updated at least on a biannual basis. Sanctions and penalties for non-compliance with the DEI are outlined in the Environmental Protection section of the Argentinean Mining Code, and may include warnings, fines, suspension of quality certifications, obligations to restore the environment, temporary or permanent closure of activities, and withdrawal of authorisation to conduct mining-related activities.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The mining concession holder of Cerro Vanguardia, the Company’s operation in Argentina, is AngloGold Ashanti’s partner, Fomento Minero de Santa Cruz S.E. (“Fomicruz”), which is wholly owned by the Santa Cruz Province. On 27 December 1996, Fomicruz entered into a usufruct agreement whereby CVSA was granted an irrevocable right to exploit the Cerro Vanguardia deposit (encompassing an area of approximately 543 km2) for a 40-year period. The mining licence (402642/CV/97), which covers the full Mineral Reserve, expires on 26 December 2036. CVSA is a corporation incorporated in Argentina indirectly controlled by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5 percent), with Fomicruz as minority shareholder (7.5 percent). On 14 August 1996, CVSA obtained its tax, customs and foreign exchange stability certificate, which expires in 2026.

Brazil

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

The Brazilian Constitution of 1934 states that, for purposes of exploration and exploitation, deposits and other Mineral Resources constitute property separate from the soil and belong to the Federal Union. Exploration and exploitation of such Mineral Resources may take place only with the Federal Union’s concession and in such a way as to protect the national interest. Federal law sets out penal and administrative sanctions for conduct and activities deemed harmful to the environment.

In Brazil, the National Mining Agency (“ANM”) is the state body within the Mines and Energy Ministry (“MME”) that is responsible for: (i) the registration of mining titles, (ii) the grant of authorisations and concessions, (iii) the supervision of mining activities and mining titleholders, and (iv) the issuance of supplementary rules in relation to mining activity.




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Under the current Brazilian Mining Code, there are two kinds of mines: (i) claimstake mines (minas manifestadas), for which rights were acquired before 1934 and exist independently of any mining licence or authorisation from the Federal Government and for which the Mineral Resources constitute property of the landowner, and (ii) granted mines, which are those that rely on grants from the Federal Government for mineral exploration or exploitation (pursuant to the Brazilian Constitution of 1988). AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Brazil consist of both claimstake mines and granted mines.

Mining activities in granted mines must be performed in two defined stages: (i) exploration, which entails defining and evaluating the deposit and determining the feasibility of exploitation, and (ii) exploitation, which involves coordinating operations aimed at the industrial exploitation of the mineral deposit, from the extraction of useful minerals to their processing. Exploration authorisations issued by the ANM are valid for one to four years. One extension can be obtained automatically as long as it is justified. For more than one extension, the extension request will have to satisfy specific legal requirements. In contrast, exploitation rights, once granted, are valid for the lifetime of the deposit, provided the mining titleholder complies with all legal requirements. Pursuant to these requirements, for example, titleholders must (i) start work on mineral exploitation within six months from the date of publication of the Exploitation Concession, (ii) continue their mining activities until the mineral deposit has been exhausted, in accordance with the Economic Exploitation Plan (Plano de Aproveitamento Econômico) approved by the ANM, and (iii) refrain from suspending mining activities without prior notice to the ANM.

Tax laws relating to mining

During the exploration period, the mining titleholder has to pay an Annual Rate per Hectare (Taxa Annual por Hectare or “TAH”), subject to a maximum value set by law. In the exploitation period, regardless of the legal regime governing the project (whether claimstake or granted mines), the mining titleholder has to pay the Financial Compensation for Exploiting Mineral Resources (Compensação Financeira pela Exploração Mineral or “CFEM”). The CFEM which is 1.5 percent for gold is currently calculated based on revenues.

At the end of 2011 and the beginning of 2012, the states of Minas Gerais, Pará, Amapá and Mato Grosso do Sul each created a new “inspection and control” tax (duty) on extraction and exploration activities as well as on the use of Mineral Resource carried out in those states. In the state of Minas Gerais, gold ore and silver ore are exempted from the collection of this new duty. At the end of 2020, the state of Goiás created a new “inspection and control” tax (duty) on extraction and exploration activities carried out in this state, which currently still needs to be implemented. The constitutionality of these “inspection and control” taxes was upheld by the Supreme Court of Brazil on 1 August 2022.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Following the catastrophic failure of a tailings storage facility (“TSF”) at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil in January 2019, executive, legislative and judiciary bodies, both at the federal and state levels, have generally increased scrutiny of mining operations in Brazil, and of TSFs in particular, and have been considering, and in some cases have adopted, stricter laws and regulations applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs in Brazil.

At the federal level, the ANM issued Resolution No. 13/19 in August 2019 (replacing its earlier Resolution No. 4/19) which adopted additional regulatory measures to ensure the stability of TSFs, in particular those built or heightened by the upstream method or by any method declared as “unknown”. Among other things, ANM Resolution No. 13/19 prohibits the upstream method for the construction or heightening of tailings dams throughout the national territory of Brazil. It further requires operators to cease all storage and disposal activities at TSFs (known as “deactivation” or “desativação”) constructed or heightened upstream or by an “unknown” method by 15 September 2021 as well as to decommission such TSFs by 15 September 2022 to 15 September 2027 (depending on the capacity volume). To comply with the terms of ANM Resolution No. 13/19, the Serra Grande tailings dam in the state of Goiás must be decommissioned by 15 September 2025. The Serra Grande mine completed the process of reinforcing the dam walls of its upstream TSF, deactivating the TSF and migrating to dry-stacking operations, each by the 15 September 2021 deadline.

Furthermore, Federal Law No. 14.066/20, adopted in October 2020, also imposes requirements on companies to decommission upstream TSFs, including the Serra Grande tailings dam, by 25 February 2022 (which date is earlier than required by ANM Resolution No. 13/19). However, Federal Law No. 14.066/20 does permit extensions of the compliance deadline, with the consent of the ANM based on the technical plan for decommissioning. Serra Grande submitted timely requests to obtain an extension of the compliance deadline until 2025 in line with the timeline set forth in ANM Resolution No. 13/19 and presented its technical plan for decommissioning. On 26 May 2022, the ANM issued a technical note allowing the extension until 2025. With respect to downstream (or “centerline”) TSFs, Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires companies, to the extent that communities are located in the self-rescue zone of those TSFs, to implement one of the following measures for such structures: either (i) the structure must be deactivated and decommissioned, (ii) the population must be relocated, with reparations for loss of cultural heritage, or (iii) reinforcement works that guarantee the effective stability of the structure must be carried out, by decision of the public authorities, taking into account the previous nature of the dam in relation to the occupation and technical-financial viability of the alternatives. Even if reinforcement works are completed, deactivation and decommissioning of those TSFs will be required at the end of the life of the mine. All of the TSFs operated by AngloGold Ashanti in Brazil have communities located in self-rescue zones.




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As of 31 December 2022, AngloGold Ashanti has fully transitioned to dry-stacking operations for tailings storage at each location in Brazil. Capital expenditures required in 2022 to implement this new technology amounted to approximately $83 million. Capital expenditures for work required to comply with TSF-related requirements during the period 2023-2025 are expected to be material but, based on preliminary estimates to date, AngloGold Ashanti anticipates that annual expenditures for each of these years will be less than in prior years and will decline over time. Neither ANM Resolution No. 13/19 nor Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires removal of all tailings material in connection with the decommissioning of TSFs (a process known as “decharacterisation” or “descaracterização”).

At the state level, the state legislator in the state of Minas Gerais adopted Law No. 23.291/19 in February 2019 which contains the state’s policy on TSF safety and should be implemented in conjunction with the equivalent federal policy. Among other things, Law No. 23.291/19 determines the criteria for licensing and inspecting TSF structures, prohibits TSFs constructed or heightened using the upstream method, establishes bond requirements and holds management liable for non-compliance with its provisions. The government of Minas Gerais adopted several decrees in furtherance of this legislation.

In addition, ANM Resolution No. 95/22, which became effective on 22 February 2022, effectively consolidates prior federal resolutions on TSFs, including ANM Resolution No. 13/19, and establishes new criteria for the operational management of TSF structures, changes the criteria related to the risk classification of TSF structures and emergency levels and sets new criteria for the suspension, embargo (order to stop operations) and interdiction of TSF activities. Operators of TSFs were mandated to conduct and submit risk assessments to the ANM by December 2022 and are required to update those risk assessments every two years. Operators are also required, on an annual basis, to obtain certifications from external consultants of the geotechnical stability of TSF structures and the adequacy of emergency response plans. In late 2022, tailings deposition was required to be suspended due to embargos at five of AngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Brazil pending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (Declaração de Conformidade e Operacionalidade (“DCO”)) as well as, at one such TSF, certification by external consultants of geotechnical stability (Declaração de Condição de Estabilidade (“DCE”)) consistent with the new standards. In addition, at the Calcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. Construction at the Calcinados TSF is expected to begin later in 2023, and the timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. Tailings deposition at the Calcinados TSF, as well as processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant, which services the Cuiabá mine complex, is suspended until additional buttressing of the Calcinados TSF impoundment is complete.

On 1 December 2022, the ANM published ANM Resolution No. 122/22, which relates to administrative sanctions for non-compliance with mining and dam safety regulations and which, in addition to significantly increasing the values of applicable fines and penalties, establishes procedures and parameters for available sanctions including seizures of ore, goods and equipment, suspension of mining activities, demolition of mine infrastructure and invalidation or cancellation of title and exploration licences.

Further amendments to the regulatory requirements in Brazil governing such TSFs and related dams are expected to be adopted in 2023.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

At AGA Mineraçao, Cuiabá has a single mining concession (No. 000.323/1973) covering a total area of 3,662 hectares. In February 2022, two additional mining concessions for Cuiabá (Nos. 830.937/1979 and 831.027/1980) were published, which cover an additional area of 816.2 hectares. Lamego has a single mining concession (No. 932.710/2017) covering a total area of 1,622 hectares. Córrego do Sítio is hosted by five geographically contiguous mining concessions (i.e., Nos. 930.556/2000, 930.181/2008, 830.129/1982, 833.472/2003 and 830.943/1979) covering a total area of 6,017 hectares.

At Serra Grande, the Company has interests in or agreements over 25,719.94 hectares in the Crixás greenstone belt, representing approximately 87 percent of the relevant tenements that correspond to all current exploration and mining activities. These have been held since 1987. The mining concessions include mining concession No. 002.286/1935 covering an area of 4,206.88 hectares, mining concession No. 960.658/1987 covering an area of 1,946.89 hectares, mining concession No. 860.746/2005 covering an area of 88.28 hectares, mining concession No. 862.103/1994 covering an area of 125.41 hectares and mining concession No. 804.366/1975 covering an area of 196.05 hectares.

All of the Company’s mining concessions in Brazil are currently active, in good legal and operational standing, and free of liabilities and/or major obligations. Brazilian mining concessions remain valid up to the depletion of the Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource pursuant to the Economic Exploitation Plan approved by the ANM and in accordance with the required environmental permits, and as a result do not have an explicit expiry date.










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Colombia

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

General regime

The Colombian Constitution declares that the sub-soil and the non-renewable natural resources located within the Colombian territory are the property of the Colombian State. The underlying principle of Colombian mining legislation for the granting of mining concession contracts over free areas is first in time, first in law. Mining activities are regulated by the Colombian Mining Code, Act 685, 2001.

The filing of an exploration and exploitation proposal triggers a right of preference to obtain rights over the targeted area, provided it is available. Such area cannot exceed 10,000 hectares. Upon receipt of a proposal, the relevant government agency determines whether another proposal or contract already governs the area. If there are no pre-existing claims, the government agency grants the applicant a “free area”.

With respect to land ownership, a mining concession in Colombia does not grant the rights over the surface required to develop a mining project. Therefore, in order to develop a mining project, it is required to acquire and secure access to the land (soil). This can be achieved in several ways, such as (i) purchase of the land, (ii) a transit easement, (iii) a mining easement, and (iv) the special acquisition process or expropriation.

Concession contract

As the sub-soil and the non-renewable natural resources located within the Colombian territory are property of the Colombian State, the Colombian Mining Authority (Agencia Nacional de Minería) grants the authorisation to explore and exploit minerals through a concession contract.

Such concessions allow concessionaires to conduct the studies, works and facilities necessary to establish the existence of minerals and to organise their exploitation. Upon being awarded a mining concession, a company must take out an insurance policy to cover the costs associated with potential environmental damage as well as breaches of its mining obligations. It may then proceed with exploration activities. Once the exploration phase is complete, the concessionaire files a new plan regarding proposed works and facilities. With the award of the mining concession or tenement contract, there are specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, e.g. exploration, construction, exploitation. The company must comply with these timelines unless performance is suspended, for example, due to force majeure or these timelines are extended or modified. A grant of force majeure is for one year and must be renewed on an annual basis. If the company does not comply with the specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, the mining authority may revoke the company's concession contracts or mining licences. As a general matter, any company that wishes to obtain a renewal of its concession contract must be up to date in all its legal and contractual obligations and must present a new plan of works and facilities to be implemented after the contract is renewed.

PINES programme

In 2013, the national government instituted the PINES programme designed to aid promoting certain projects that are deemed to have a national interest. This designation provides for greater oversight from the national government. All of our three advanced exploration projects (La Colosa, Quebradona and Gramalote) were considered of national strategic interest. Currently, Quebradona and Gramalote remain in the PINES programme, but La Colosa was temporarily removed as such (until the force majeure is over).

Tax laws relating to mining

From the moment the concession contract is registered with the Mining Register, the concessionaire has several financial obligations, including the payment of (i) a surface fee during the exploration, construction and assembly stage and (ii) royalties.

Once exploration is complete and the mining infrastructure in place, the concessionaire must begin paying royalties to the Colombian government, consisting of a percentage of the primary product and sub-products being exploited. The percentage of the royalty depends on the regulation in force when the concession contract is registered. In the case of the Quebradona project, the deposit mainly consists of copper followed by gold and silver. There is a five percent royalty for copper on the production value at the mine’s or well’s edge (i.e. when extracted from the subsoil). In case of gold and silver, a royalty of four percent on the production valued at the mine’s or well’s edge (i.e. when extracted from the subsoil) was established.

Furthermore, Colombian law establishes that once the environmental licence is granted the concessionaire must invest one percent of the project’s value to benefit the basins covered by the environmental licence.







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Environmental laws relating to mining

In order to obtain an authorisation to carry out a mining project, a company must prepare an Environmental Impact Study (“EIA”) for approval by the National Environmental Licensing Authority of Colombia (Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales or “ANLA”). Global environmental licences are granted for the entire life of the project and cover all phases: construction, assembly, operation, maintenance, dismantling, final restoration, abandonment and/or termination. Construction and assembly permits (Plan de Trabajos y Obras or “PTO”) are granted by the mining authority with jurisdiction over the project.

In Colombia, the mining authority has the discretion to declare the underlying concession void if the specific company which holds the concession breaches applicable environmental laws or regulations. If the mining authority were to exercise such discretion, a company whose concession was voided would be required to abandon its projects and all of its other existing mining concession contracts. Pending proposals for new mining concession contracts would also be cancelled and the company would be banned from doing business with the Colombian government for a period of five years. As a result, the company would be unable to conduct any mining exploration or development activities during such period. However, this would not affect other subsidiaries of the company operating in Colombia, if those concession contracts are held singularly or in concert with joint venture partners.

Mining activity is prohibited in national parks, regional parks, protected forest reserves, paramos (included in Act 1753, introduced in 2015) and wetlands, pursuant to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance. Some forest reserves are not “protected” but are set aside for active forestry purposes and the concessionaire must obtain a specific permit to partially and temporarily change the use of the soil before pursuing exploration activities. In addition, Resolution 1987/2016, passed by the national government in late 2016, identifies areas that the Ministry of the Environment has determined to be “paramos” areas, or paramos transition areas. In these areas there are limitations on industrial or commercial work being performed, including mining. The regulation also specifies a process to determine what work, if any, can be performed in a paramos-designated area.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The La Colosa project managed by AngloGold Ashanti Colombia S.A.S. (“AGA Colombia”) remains in force majeure due to delays in granting environmental permits by national and local environmental authorities, thereby preventing AGA Colombia from undertaking further exploration activities. The most recent one-year grant of force majeure, during which time the specified timelines for completing the various phases of the mining project under the concession contract are suspended, will expire on 22 June 2023. AGA Colombia applied for a mining area integration (consolidation) of its concession contracts related to La Colosa, in respect of which AGA Colombia was not in compliance with some of the specified timelines. The application for mining area integration (consolidation) was approved in March 2017, which remedied the non-compliance of each consolidated concession and reset the specified timelines. La Colosa now has a single integrated mining concession contract (EIG-163) which covers a total area of 9,210 hectares and expires on 28 February 2037.

Minera de Cobre Quebradona S.A.S. B.I.C. (“MCQ”) which manages the Quebradona project, obtained the integration of concession agreement 5881 in October 2016 and registered in December 2016. As a result, MCQ was granted the exclusive right to explore, take ownership and dispose of the mineral reserves (ore) extracted from the concession area. MCQ has the right to request an extension of up to 30 years, at least two years before the expiration of the operating period. This extension is not automatic, and the request must be filed with new technical, economic, environmental and social studies that demonstrate the status of the mineral resources. Concession contract 5881 initially covered a total area of 7,593 hectares, which was reduced to 4,881.89 hectares by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia) on 4 March 2022. It will expire in May 2037 and is currently in its seventh year of the integrated exploration phase. In September 2021, the permits for the construction and mining operation were approved by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia). On 4 November 2021, ANLA officially notified AngloGold Ashanti of its decision to ‘archive’ the environmental licence application relating to the Quebradona project. ANLA has neither denied nor granted the licence, but deemed that the information provided by AngloGold Ashanti is not enough for this authority to take a substantive decision. On 18 November 2021, AngloGold Ashanti appealed the archiving decision in order to secure further details on the specific additional information ANLA requires to make a determination. ANLA denied the appeal on 29 April 2022 and the archiving decision was confirmed. AngloGold Ashanti is in the process of preparing a new Environmental Impact Assessment for the Quebradona project to submit to ANLA in connection with its environmental licence application.

The Gramalote project is organised as a joint operation between AngloGold Ashanti (through AGA Colombia Holdings Limited and AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc) and B2Gold (through B2Gold Corp. and Graminvest Ventures Limited). Gramalote Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of British Virgin Islands which is the legal vehicle operating the joint operation, established a Colombian branch, Gramalote Colombia Limited (“GCL”), to carry out activities in Colombia and obtain the mining concession contracts necessary to develop the Gramalote project. The Gramalote joint operation has been operated by B2Gold since January 2020. Pursuant to an integrated mining concession contract No. 14292, GCL was granted the exclusive right to explore, take ownership and dispose of the mineral reserves (ore) extracted from the concession area (which covers a total area of 8,720.71 hectares and includes the Gramalote and Monjas anomalies) until April 2043. GCL has the right to request an extension of the operating period for up to 20 years, and, if exercised, such request to extend must include new technical, economic, environmental and social studies that demonstrate the status of the mineral resources. Currently, concession contract



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No. 14292 is in the phase of construction and assembly, pending resettlement of communities and the formal start of construction activities. GCL has received an environmental licence granted by ANLA and permits for the construction and mining operation which were approved by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia). GCL also holds an exploration concession No. 4894 (which covers a total area of 2,279.32 hectares and includes the Trinidad anomaly) which expires in 2044 and an exploration concession No. QHQ-16081 (which covers a total area of 9.78 hectares) which expires in 2052. Following the completion of the feasibility study in the second half of 2022, AngloGold Ashanti and B2Gold determined that the Gramalote project does not meet their investment thresholds for development. Following a comprehensive review of the alternatives relating to the project, both joint operation parties commenced a joint sales process for the Gramalote project, which is currently ongoing.

United States of America (Nevada)

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

General regime

Mineral and surface rights in the United States are owned by private parties, state governments or the federal government. The majority of land utilised for precious metals exploration, development and mining in the western United States is owned by the federal government. The right to mine on such federal land in western states is governed by the U.S. General Mining Law of 1872, as amended (the “General Mining Law”), as well as relevant state statutes and regulations. The General Mining Law allows mining claims (for mining and mining-related activities) on certain federal lands after proper compliance with claim location and maintenance requirements.

Mineral exploration activities in Nevada are also generally subject to applicable federal, state, and local permitting requirements, but the specific regulatory authorisations required for the company’s activities are based on the nature and location of the exploratory work. Many of the company’s Nevada operations are currently conducted under what is generally referred to under federal law as a notice-level operation subject to 43 CFR § 3809.21, while projects that are more advanced require additional permitting, including a Plan of Operations approved by the federal Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”). The State of Nevada Division of Environmental Protection’s Bureau of Mining Regulation and Reclamation (“BMRR”) also regulates mining within the state of Nevada. However, exploration projects of five acres or less on federal land, the scope of a notice-level operation under federal law, are exempt from BMRR regulation. Certain of the company’s early-stage exploration activities fall within this exemption.

The company is currently engaged in exploration activities on certain of its unpatented claims that include, but are not limited to, geological and spectral mapping, surface geochemical sampling, geophysical surveying and RC and/or diamond drilling.

Potential regulatory changes

Over the years, the U.S. Congress has considered a number of proposed amendments to the General Mining Law and other federal statutes relating to mining. Among the significant features contained in previously proposed legislation were a production royalty obligation, new and more stringent environmental standards and conditions, additional reclamation requirements, extensive new procedural steps which would likely result in extended permitting timelines, and granting counties and other entities the ability to petition the U.S. Secretary of the Interior to make certain areas unavailable for the location of unpatented mining claims. In June 2020, former President Trump signed an executive order directing certain federal agencies to streamline the review processes associated with permitting of infrastructure and natural resources projects. Many of those policies have subsequently been rescinded by the Biden administration. While certain other executive orders may favorably affect the timing of our permit and project approvals, the impact is yet to be determined and remains uncertain.

There are a number of bills being proposed to the Nevada state legislature during the 2023 legislative session that could impact the company’s planned operations. These include proposed legislation that would alter the way water rights are administered by the state, as well as a bill that would, if enacted, impose additional requirements for environmental review of mineral development projects in Nevada. At this stage, it is not possible to evaluate whether these bills will be enacted in any form by the Nevada state legislature or, if passed, what impact any might have on AGA.

AGA is currently unaware of any other new federal or state legislative or regulatory changes or rule-making that has been proposed or enacted that would adversely affect its current exploration programmes. If any requirements, standards or conditions were adopted in the future that imposed additional or new obligations or costs on AGA in connection with our exploration or extraction activities in the United States, the company’s operations in Nevada could be adversely affected.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

In Nevada, the company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries hold a significant number of unpatented mining claims on federal lands. The Silicon project consists of approximately 950 unpatented mining claims. The North Bullfrog project consists of 45 patented and approximately 1,600 unpatented mining claims (covering approximately 32,000 acres) situated in the Bullfrog mining district. There are also nine mining leases within the North Bullfrog project the majority of which continue in perpetuity so long as the company meets certain minimal requirements for use of the land. One mining lease is scheduled to expire in 2031. The Mother



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Lode project consists of 13 unpatented mining claims. The North Bullfrog and Mother Lode projects are now controlled by the company as a result of its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Corvus Gold Inc., which closed on 18 January 2022. The southern claim block, encompassing the Sterling mine and other properties in the same general area, consists of approximately 1,900 unpatented claims (covering approximately 35,000 acres), which are now controlled by the company as a result of its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Coeur Sterling, Inc. (a subsidiary of Coeur Mining, Inc.), which closed on 4 November 2022. As a result of this acquisition, the company now controls a past-producing mine site in southern Nevada known as the Sterling mine, which has one applicable mining lease that expires in 2029, with the option to extend the lease for an additional ten-year period. Although the Sterling mine is currently in care and maintenance status, it remains subject to complex permitting and regulatory requirements, including compliance with relevant provisions of the U.S. Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 and oversight by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”).

MINE SITE REHABILITATION AND CLOSURE

Closure, an integral part of operations

All mining operations eventually cease. An integral aspect of operating AngloGold Ashanti’s mines is ongoing planning for site closure and, where feasible, implementation of concurrent rehabilitation, together with an estimate of associated liability costs and the placement of adequate financial provisions and assurances to cover these costs.

AngloGold Ashanti integrates mine closure planning throughout the mine life cycle as follows:
•Exploration stage: developing a plan and programme for cessation and closure of exploration activities in a manner that meets local laws and AngloGold Ashanti's mine closure planning standard.
•Project phase: developing conceptual closure plans and cost estimates for all projects and including them in project feasibility studies, designs and evaluations.
•Operational phase: developing and periodically updating mine closure plans and cost estimates with increasing levels of detail and confidence over the operational phase as part of the business planning process. Closure plan updates take into account operational conditions, planning and regulatory requirements as well as advances in technology and international industry good practice (e.g., the ICMM Integrated Mine Closure Good Practice Guide). Concurrent rehabilitation, which is carried out while a mine is still operational, is a good practice that serves to decrease the final rehabilitation and closure work as well as the ultimate liability.
•Closure period: implementing the final closure plan starting at cessation of operations through a period of decommissioning, dismantling and rehabilitation until the point in time where management of the site is largely limited to monitoring and maintenance.

The Company’s group mine closure planning standard stipulates that closure planning must be undertaken in consultation with the stakeholders. In the course of these consultations, different issues are raised which require site-specific solutions. Each mine closure plan includes a social transition plan which seeks to minimise social impacts and maximise opportunities for local communities, including human resource, social infrastructure, economic and financial assets with the aim of enhancing the self-sustainability of mine communities after mine closure.

Provisions for decommissioning and restoration costs are made when there is a present obligation, it is probable that expenditure on decommissioning and restoration work will be required and the cost can be estimated within a reasonable range of possible outcomes. These costs are based on currently available facts, technology expected to be available at the time of the rehabilitation, laws and regulations presently or virtually certain to be enacted and previous experience in the rehabilitation of mine sites.

Decommissioning costs and restoration costs are provided at the present value of the expenditures expected to settle the obligation, using estimated cash flows based on current prices. Estimates are discounted at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money.

Total provisions for decommissioning and for environmental restoration activities (excluding joint ventures) decreased by $95 million from $673 million in 2021 to $578 million in 2022. This decrease was mainly due to changes in estimates resulting from changes in discount rates, changes in global economic assumptions, changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows as well as changes in the design of TSFs.

SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE (“ESG”) MATTERS

AngloGold Ashanti’s sustainability approach is fundamental to how the Company operates its business, as well as its ability to create long-term value for its shareholders, employees and social partners through safely and responsibly exploring, mining and marketing its products. Sustainability and safety are integrated into the Company’s business and operations at all levels through various frameworks, standards and policies, and the Company measures its performance in achieving its goals against its sustainability and other ESG metrics, as well as its engagement with stakeholders.

In mitigating the risks and impacts that are an inherent part of its business, AngloGold Ashanti is informed by an annual assessment of its key ESG issues. This process is aligned with guidance published by the International Integrated Reporting Council (“IIRC”), the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (“SASB”), the Global Reporting Initiative (“GRI”) Standards and



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the Accountability AA1000 Stakeholder Management Standard. This assessment is annually reviewed by AngloGold Ashanti’s senior leadership and approved by the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee (the “SES Committee”).

AngloGold Ashanti’s board of directors, assisted by the SES Committee, has ultimate responsibility over environmental, safety, health and ethical matters and for the integration of sustainability objectives into AngloGold Ashanti’s business. This includes oversight of the Company’s stakeholder engagement framework and structures, which apply to investors, employees, governments, suppliers and communities, at every stage of its business from exploration to mine closure. Group Corporate Affairs and Sustainability is responsible for development of management systems and supports the Company’s general managers in the day-to-day implementation of its sustainability strategy.

AngloGold Ashanti maintains a set of policies and procedures to guide the Company in acting as a responsible corporate citizen, including the Code of Business Principles and Ethics which sets requirements for the implementation of key corporate policies and guidelines and applies to all management and employees, and to maintain compliance with applicable environmental, health and safety (“EHS”) laws. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti continued with the implementation of the Integrated Sustainability Information Management System (“iSIMS”), in order to improve internal reporting and better integrate, manage and monitor sustainability activities with respect to its broader business. This common management and reporting application for all sustainability disciplines, from safety, health and security to community and environmental management, is expected to help provide timely information in each of these areas, and to facilitate transparency and decision-making in its processes and practices.

Significant EHS requirements and ESG risks and trends affecting the Company’s mining and processing operations are described below.

EHS Regulatory Compliance

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to extensive EHS laws and regulations in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. These requirements govern, among other things, extraction, use, conservation and discharge of water; air emissions (including dust control and greenhouse gases (“GHGs”)); mine and dam safety, regulatory and community reporting; clean-up of contamination; land use and conservation of protected areas; rehabilitation and closure of mined land; worker health and safety and community health; and the generation, transportation, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes, such as reagents, radioactive materials, and mine tailings. Environmental laws and regulations applicable to the Company’s operations, including the requirements contained in environmental permits, are generally becoming more restrictive.

Capital and operating costs to comply with EHS laws and regulations have been, and are expected to continue to be, significant to AngloGold Ashanti. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti could incur fines, penalties and other sanctions, environmental clean-up costs, and third-party claims for personal injury or property or natural resources damages; suffer reputational damage; and be required to install costly pollution control equipment or to modify or suspend facilities, such as TSFs, or operations, as a result of actual or alleged violations of, or liabilities under, EHS laws and regulations. Failure to comply with applicable EHS laws and regulations may also result in the suspension or revocation of permits and, in some jurisdictions, the right to mine a given concession. AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to obtain and maintain permits and other approvals and to successfully operate near host communities may be adversely impacted by real or perceived effects on the environment or human health and safety associated with AngloGold Ashanti’s or other mining companies’ activities. In addition, unknown environmental hazards may exist at the Company’s properties which may have been caused by previous owners or operators.

Water Management

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are heavily dependent upon access to substantial volumes of water for use in the mining and extractive processes and typically are subject to water-use permits or rights to extract water from certain natural sources that govern usage and require, among other things, that mining operations maintain certain water quality upon discharge. Water supply, quality and usage are areas of concern across all of the Company’s operations, including with respect to the Company’s mining operations in Ghana and Brazil, its mine development projects in Nevada, as well as its mine development project at Quebradona in Colombia. Any failure by the Company to secure access to suitable water supplies, or achieve and maintain compliance with applicable requirements of the permits or licences, could result in curtailment or halting of production at the affected operations. Incidents of water pollution or shortage can, in certain cases, lead to community protest and ultimately to the withdrawal of community and government support for AngloGold Ashanti’s operations. A failure by the Company to comply with water contamination related directives may result in further, more stringent, directives being issued against the Company, which may, in some cases, result in a temporary or partial shutdown of some of the Company’s operations.

Where feasible, the Company operates a “closed loop” system which recycles the water used in its operations without discharging it to the environment. In some areas, however, such as Ghana and Brazil, high levels of rainfall and surface water runoff mean that a closed loop system is not feasible and that discharges, after water treatment where necessary, must take place.








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Waste Management

During open-pit mining, large volumes of soil and/or rock (overburden) are mined to expose the ore body. Similarly, waste rock is mined during drilling and developing access to underground ore bodies. Overburden and waste rock typically contain sub-economic levels of gold and are deposited as large waste rock facilities. Mine tailings are the process waste generated once grinding and extraction of gold from the ore is completed in the milling process and are typically deposited as slurry in large tailing storage facilities (“TSFs”) specifically designed for this purpose.

The impact of dust generation, breach, leak, or other failure of a waste rock facility or TSF, including any associated dam, can be significant, and the Company therefore monitors such facilities closely in accordance with the Company’s internal standards, independent review, national regulatory requirements, industry standards and commitments made to local communities. The occasional well-publicised failure of a third-party TSF and the potential impact of such failure also mean that these facilities are generally tightly regulated. A safety or environmental incident at the Company’s operations could result, among other things, in enforcement, including mandatory shutdown of a TSF and related facilities, obligations to remediate environmental contamination, negative press coverage, and claims for property or natural resources damages and personal injury by adjacent communities. Incidents at other mining companies’ operations could result in governmental action to tighten regulatory requirements and restrict certain mining activities, in particular with respect to TSFs, also in respect of other mine operators in that region.

For example, following the catastrophic failure of a TSF at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil in January 2019, tailings were discharged into the mine’s administrative area and part of the local community, reportedly resulting in death or injury to hundreds of people. As a result of this incident, there has been considerably increased regulatory scrutiny in Brazil and other areas on mining operations generally, and the requirements applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs have generally become far more stringent. For example, in late 2022, tailings deposition was suspended at five of AngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Brazil pending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (“DCO”) and/or geotechnical stability (“DCE”) consistent with new regulatory standards enacted in early 2022. In addition, at the Calcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. The timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. For further information on the regulatory framework governing TSFs in Brazil, see “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil”.

In addition, a new Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (“GISTM”) was established in August 2020 by a panel comprised of industry and non-governmental organisation (“NGO”) experts. AngloGold Ashanti has committed to comply with the GISTM at all of its TSFs by August 2025, and the costs related to meeting such standard are not expected to be material to AngloGold Ashanti.

In addition, AngloGold Ashanti could incur liabilities, or material costs to manage solid and hazardous waste generated by its mining activities, including dust and residual chemicals and metals. For example, AngloGold Ashanti expects to incur approximately $25 million to $30 million in capital expenditure and operating costs during 2023-2026 in connection with treatment and disposal of a quantity of legacy arsenic trioxide waste located at the Obuasi mine.

Groundwater Impacts and Environmental Remediation

As AngloGold Ashanti or its predecessors have a long history of mining operations in certain regions, issues may arise regarding historical, as well as potential future, environmental or health impacts in those areas, for which AGA, as the current owner/operator, may be legally responsible. For example, AngloGold Ashanti has identified groundwater contamination plumes at certain of its operations. Numerous scientific, technical and legal studies have been undertaken to assist in determining the magnitude of the impact and to find sustainable remediation solutions. Based on those studies as well as discussion with regulators, the Company has taken steps, including monitored natural attenuation and phyto-technologies, to address soil and groundwater contamination, including in Tanzania, where an in-situ remediation project to address sulfate in groundwater commenced operations in 2022.

Subject to the completion of site-specific trials and potential technologies being confirmed as viable remediation techniques, no reliable estimate can be made at this time for the obligation. Should these obligations be significant, this could have a material adverse impact upon AngloGold Ashanti’s results and its financial condition.

Climate Change and GHG Regulation

At AngloGold Ashanti, climate change is a board of directors-level governance issue, overseen by the SES Committee and the Audit and Risk Committee. AngloGold Ashanti’s Climate Change Strategy, which was approved by the board of directors in November 2021, seeks to embed the management of physical, regulatory and transition climate change-related risks, as well as climate change-related opportunities, into the Company’s strategic and operational planning processes.




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In 2021, AngloGold Ashanti committed to the International Council on Mining & Metals (“ICMM”) target of achieving net zero Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions by 2050. AngloGold Ashanti has also committed to achieving a 30 percent reduction in absolute Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030 (as compared to a 2021 baseline), and, in partnership with value chain partners, to set Scope 3 GHG reduction targets, if not by the end of 2023, as soon as possible thereafter.

In December 2015, certain members of the international community negotiated a treaty at the Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris (the “Paris Agreement”). The Paris Agreement, which came into force on 4 November 2016, requires developed countries to set targets for emissions reductions. As a result, measures designed to limit or reduce GHG emissions, both mandatory and voluntary, have been, and are expected to be, implemented at national or regional levels in various countries.
New regulatory requirements, or changes required to effectively transition to a low-carbon economy, could require AngloGold Ashanti to reduce its direct GHG emissions or energy use, change its fuel mix or incur significant costs for GHG emissions permits or taxes, including for those costs or taxes passed on by electricity utilities which supply the Company’s operations. AngloGold Ashanti could also incur significant costs associated with capital equipment, GHG monitoring and reporting and other obligations to comply with applicable requirements. The most likely source of these obligations is through nation state-level implementation of new emissions or financial obligations pursuant to evolving climate change regulatory regimes.

For example, in 2010, Brazil launched the National Climate Change Policy, which established a voluntary national GHG reduction target of 36.1 percent to 38.9 percent below the projected emissions in 2020 for “business as usual”. The policy required the development of sector-specific plans in order to meet the target and provided for a Brazilian GHG trading scheme, which is yet to be designed. While Brazil is not yet requiring mandatory GHG emissions reporting at the national level, some state environmental agencies have requested companies to voluntarily submit GHG emissions management plans. However, the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais (in which AngloGold Ashanti operates) do not currently require GHG emissions management plans for mining projects. In 2015, Brazil announced, in connection with its commitments under the Paris Agreement, economy-wide absolute mitigation targets providing for a 37 percent reduction in GHG emissions by 2025, as compared to 2005, and a goal to reduce GHG emissions by 43 percent by 2030 compared to 2005 levels.

In addition, in Australia, the Safeguard Mechanism (Rule 2015), through the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (“NGER”) scheme, provides a framework for Australia’s largest emitters to measure, report and manage their emissions. The Safeguard Mechanism applies to facilities with Scope 1 covered GHG emissions of more than 100,000 tonnes of CO2e per fiscal year. During the 2018/19 fiscal year, Tropicana’s emissions were within its authorised threshold and Sunrise Dam was required to purchase offsets for emissions that were 0.8 percent above its safeguard threshold, the cost of which was immaterial. Two amendments to the Safeguard Mechanism (Rule 2015) enacted in March 2019 and May 2020 allowed for the application of transitional calculated baselines using estimated CO2-e emissions intensities. Based on the production and emissions forecasts, the Australian mining operations applied to use transitional calculated baselines in 2020 for Sunrise Dam and Tropicana, which were approved by the Clean Energy Regulator effective 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2022 for both operations. Thereafter, the Australian mining operations will be required to apply production-adjusted baselines and, if actual emissions exceed the baseline, to purchase emissions offsets for the business. In any event, the cost of such offsets, if ultimately required to be purchased, including due to a change in the operations under the business plan prior to June 2022, are not expected to be material to the Company’s business.

In addition to more stringent requirements and commitments, AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are subject to a number of physical risks from climate change, such as changes in rainfall rates or patterns resulting in floods or droughts, reduced water availability, higher temperatures and extreme weather events. Such events or conditions, particularly including flooding or inadequate water supplies, could disrupt mining and transport operations, mineral processing and rehabilitation efforts, create resource or energy shortages or damage the Company’s property or equipment and increase health and safety risks on site. In consultation with external consultants, physical climate risk assessments were undertaken for all operations using current climate models for the business and various decarbonisation scenarios and climate adaptation plans were outlined. These physical climate risks will be further reviewed and refined in 2023.

Occupational Safety and Health

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to a variety of laws and regulations in each of the jurisdictions where the Company operates that are designed to protect and improve the safety and health of employees. In some of the jurisdictions in which AngloGold Ashanti operates, the government enforces compulsory shutdowns of operations to enable investigations into the cause of accidents and introduce corrective measures at those operations.

Safety remains a priority for AngloGold Ashanti and a focus of AngloGold Ashanti’s long-term sustainability approach, as well as the Company’s continuing efforts to manage the risks inherent to its operations, to model critical controls and to strengthen safety protocols and preventative measures. AngloGold Ashanti has made significant strides in improving safety. In 2022, there was a 41 percent reduction in year-on-year total recordable injury frequency rate, and no fatalities at any of the mines operated by AngloGold Ashanti.

AngloGold Ashanti’s Group Safety Strategy, which is updated every three years, seeks to integrate operational risk management and key performance indicators at all levels of the organisation and maintain alignment with global safety standards. The SES



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Committee oversees the implementation of the Group Safety Strategy. All operations, have been certified to ISO 45001:2018, which has replaced the OHSAS 18001:2007 series.

Community Health and Tropical Diseases

AngloGold Ashanti is also subject to health and safety regulations relating to occupational disease. The primary areas of focus in respect of occupational health of employees within the Company’s operations are noise-induced hearing loss (“NIHL”) and occupational lung diseases (“OLD”). OLD includes occupational tuberculosis and silicosis in individuals exposed to silica dust. Silicosis has been particularly prevalent in South Africa and has also arisen at the Company’s Africa region and Brazilian operations, albeit to a far lesser extent. AngloGold Ashanti provides occupational health services to its employees at its occupational health centres, clinics, and through outsourced service centres. The Company continues to expand preventative occupational hygiene initiatives, such as implementing various control measures to prevent hazardous exposures, and providing employees with Personal Protective Equipment.

In 2019, the Johannesburg High Court approved the settlement of existing silicosis and tuberculosis class actions against AngloGold Ashanti and other gold mining companies in South Africa. The recent sale of the Company’s South African operating assets and liabilities did not include the silicosis or tuberculosis settlement obligations relating to South African employees, which were retained by AngloGold Ashanti. For further information, see “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1.2—Statement of Compliance—Significant Accounting Judgements and Estimates—Provision for silicosis”.

In addition to OLD, HIV and AIDS and associated diseases remain major health care challenges faced by AngloGold Ashanti’s Africa region operations. AngloGold Ashanti continues to implement programmes to help those infected with HIV and prevent new infections from spreading.

Malaria and other tropical diseases also pose health risks at all of the Company’s operations in Central, West and East Africa where such diseases may assume epidemic proportions because of ineffective national control programmes. Malaria is a major cause of death in young children and pregnant women and also gives rise to deaths and absenteeism in adults. All affected Company operations in Africa have malaria control programmes in place. The Ghana Obuasi malaria control programme activities have been completed in 16 districts of Ghana as planned for 2022 and a new cycle of indoor residual spraying will commence in 2023; in partnership with the Global Fund and the Ghana Department of Health.

In 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic subsided significantly with decreases in reporting of severe disease or deaths. Nevertheless, AngloGold Ashanti continued to direct resources for close surveillance and maintenance of controls within the company with a view to ensure continuity of its operations and avoid any potential disruption in the event of a re-emergence of the pandemic. Universal access to safe and effective vaccines provided an additional layer of protection, especially against severe forms of disease, hospitalisation and death. The company endeavoured to continue to provide prompt access to approved and available vaccines for all workers, especially employees considered to be at high risk as well as employees with critical skills.

The emergence of COVID-19 however also assisted to better integrate broad health risk management beyond occupational health into the overall business strategy, to contribute to productivity as well as the social licence to operate and to improve various prevention and risk management protocols in place to address the potential risk of an epidemic or pandemic, particularly after the company’s experience with Ebola in Guinea in 2014 and 2015.

The company focused on optimising mental wellbeing, minimising non-communicable diseases associated with lifestyle as well as the need for systematic contribution to health system strengthening, local skill development and overall community development in the jurisdictions in which it operates. Such risks impair the health of workers and negatively affect productivity and profitability as a result of workers’ diminished focus or skill, absenteeism, treatment costs and allocated resources. As part of AngloGold Ashanti’s continuing efforts, the company recently approved the newly updated health, hygiene and wellbeing standards based on identified major health hazards or risks which include gender, cultural and other applicable diversity considerations for risk management and controls.

Diversity and Inclusion (“D&I”)

With more than 30,000 employees (including contractor employees) on four continents, AngloGold Ashanti believes that having a diverse and inclusive workforce is important to continuing to attract talent in order to maintain competitiveness and the long-term sustainability of its business. In addition, the Company strives to have a workforce that represents the societies in which AngloGold Ashanti operates in connection with maintaining its social licence to operate.

AngloGold Ashanti’s D&I approach is aligned to the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (“UNSDGs”) (SDG 5, 8 and 10) and the United Nations Global Compact (“UNGC”). The Company has developed a Diversity & Inclusion Framework, which aims to foster the empowerment of all staff, irrespective of race, gender, ethnicity, religion and sexual orientation and has established specific priorities and actions for the next two to five years to foster the inclusion of D&I objectives in its processes. Leadership teams are responsible for meeting defined diversity targets. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti conducted an analysis of global gender data across job level, function and country. The analysis was carried out to inform AngloGold Ashanti’s D&I strategy.




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Human Rights and Indigenous Peoples

In its commitment to respecting and promoting human rights, AngloGold Ashanti supports the United Nations Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights (“UNGP”) and other international initiatives, including the UNGC and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights (“VPSHR”). The VPSHR, which seeks to balance safety and security needs against respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, were developed through multi-stakeholder participation between governments, extractive industry members and NGOs. Community and security related matters, including with respect to illegal and artisanal and small-scale mining and related intrusions into the Company’s operational areas, are addressed at board of directors-level by the SES Committee. AngloGold Ashanti’s internal Human Rights Framework includes numerous policies, management standards and guidance documents which apply to all of its employees, contractors and suppliers and require reporting of, and redress for, human rights violations and related allegations.

The Company is aligned with the ICMM Position Statement on Indigenous Peoples and the International Finance Corporation’s Performance Standard 7 on Indigenous Peoples and other international standards and treaties in the area of Indigenous Peoples’ rights.







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ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI GLOBAL FOOTPRINT: 2022
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Operations and projects


Notes
(1) Gramalote is managed by B2Gold Corp ("B2Gold").
(2) AngloGold Ashanti acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold Inc. ("Corvus Gold") acquisition in January 2022.
(3) AngloGold Ashanti acquired Sterling through the Coeur Sterling, Inc. ("Coeur Sterling") acquisition in November 2022.
(4) Kibali is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick").





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OPERATING PERFORMANCE

Group description

AngloGold Ashanti is an independent global gold mining company with a diverse high-quality portfolio of operations, projects and exploration activities and is headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa.

In 2022, our portfolio of ten operations in seven countries includes long-life operating assets with differing ore body types located in key gold-producing regions around the world. These operating assets were supported by greenfields projects in Colombia and a focused global exploration programme, including exploration in the United States.

Our operations and projects are grouped into the following regions: Africa, Americas and Australia.

On 12 February 2020, the Company announced that it had reached an agreement with Harmony to sell all its remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities. The sale closed on 30 September 2020. On 10 November 2020, the Company announced that it had completed the sale of its interest in the Morila mine in Mali and on 30 December 2020, the Company announced that it had completed the sale of its interest in the Sadiola Mine in Mali.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations and joint arrangements employed, on average, 32,594 people (including contractors) in 2022 (2021: 30,561).

Performance

In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti produced attributable 2.742 million ounces of gold (2021: 2.472 million ounces), as well as 3.2 million ounces of silver and 352 tonnes of sulphuric acid as by-products.

Production of 2.742 million ounces of gold was achieved in 2022 at a cost of sales of $3.4 billion for subsidiaries and $342 million for equity-accounted joint venture operations, and an all-in sustaining cost of $1,439 per ounce for subsidiaries and $979 per ounce for equity-accounted joint venture operations, compared to a production of 2.472 million ounces in 2021 at a cost of sales of $2.9 billion for subsidiaries and $350 million for equity-accounted joint venture operations, and an all-in sustaining cost of $1,441 per ounce for subsidiaries and $856 per ounce for equity-accounted joint venture operations.

Gold
The AngloGold Ashanti gold Mineral Reserve increased from 28.1 million ounces as at 31 December 2021 to 28.8 million ounces as at 31 December 2022. This excludes Gramalote as the JV partner has decided not to publish the Mineral Reserve. This annual net increase of 0.7 million ounces includes additions due to exploration and modelling changes of 2.9 million ounces and changes in economic assumptions of 1.0 million ounces. This increase was partially offset by depletion of 2.9 million ounces and reductions due to other factors of 0.3 million ounces. The Mineral Reserve was estimated using a gold price of $1,400 per ounce, unless otherwise stated (2021: $1,200 per ounce). See “Item 4D Property, Plants and Equipment—Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve”.

Copper
The AngloGold Ashanti copper Mineral Reserveremained unchanged at 1.47Mt (3,250Mlb) as at 31 December 2022 as a feasibility study optimisation is still ongoing and no additional exploration has been completed at Quebradona. The Mineral Reserve was estimated at a copper price of $2.90/lb, unless otherwise stated (2021: $2.90/lb). See “Item 4D Property, Plants and Equipment—Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve”.

Capital expenditure, including equity-accounted joint ventures, in 2022 amounted to $1,118 million (2021: $1,100 million).

Safety

No fatal occupational safety incidents at any of the mines operated by the Company were recorded for 2022. The TRIFR was 1.26 per million hours worked in 2022 compared to 2.14 per million hours worked in 2021.

Full Asset Potential Review Programme

The Full Asset Potential (“FP”) programme aims to achieve a step-change in AngloGold Ashanti’s operating and cost performance by the year 2024. This programme includes a comprehensive three-month assessment of each of the Company’s mine sites, which covers every aspect of an operation. The outcome is intended to enhance the Company’s understanding of the relative potential of each asset and includes developing a plan and implementation schedule to achieve the targeted performance over the next six to 24 months. These assessments have now been completed at six operations of the Company (Sunrise Dam, Siguiri, Cuiabá, Tropicana, Serra Grande and Geita), where the relevant site leadership teams have taken full accountability for the delivery on these initiatives.






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Operational Excellence

Operational Excellence is the continued efforts to maximise value from our assets.

New Operating Model

Our new Operating Model, designed and introduced to employees towards the end of 2021, aims to improve efficiency and support better operating outcomes by focusing only on work required to deliver the strategy, clarifying the mandates of corporate functions, properly resourcing our revenue-generating assets to deliver on their plans, and removing duplicate structures and activities. The implementation of the new Operating Model was completed during 2022.



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AFRICA REGION
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Africa is currently home to five of our operations, with one – Kibali – managed by Barrick Gold Corporation. These operations, which contributed 60 percent or 1.6 million ounces to total annual group production in 2022, are in Ghana (Iduapriem and Obuasi), Guinea (Siguiri), Tanzania (Geita) and the DRC (Kibali).
Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Subsidiary operations
Ghana
Iduapriem248 2,186 
Obuasi250 4,403 
Guinea
Attr. Siguiri 85%279 4,052 
Tanzania
Geita521 6,435 
Joint venture operations
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Attr. Kibali 45%337 2,731 



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Africa Region - Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Restated
Subsidiary operations
Tonnes treated/milledMt21.6 21.2 20.5 
Pay limitoz/t0.044 0.035 0.034 
g/t1.516 1.193 1.160 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.054 0.045 0.052 
g/t1.86 1.54 1.77 
Gold production (a) (attributable)
000oz1,298 1,054 1,239 
Cost of sales$m1,662 1,300 1,362 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,023 991 841 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(1)
$/oz1,291 1,264 1,002 
Capital expenditure$m486 434 383 
Safety
Number of fatalities012
TRIFRPer million hours worked0.33 0.61 0.55 
People
Average no of employees: Total17,076 14,806 14,496 
Permanent employees5,780 5,619 5,433 
Contractors11,296 9,187 9,063 

(a) Includes Obuasi gold production in 2020, capitalised as part of the project development.

Unit202220212020
Joint venture operations
Tonnes treated/milledMt3.5 3.5 3.4 
Pay limitoz/t0.054 0.048 0.048 
g/t1.850 1.652 1.640 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.087 0.095 0.096 
g/t2.98 3.25 3.29 
Gold production (attributable)000oz337 365 364 
Cost of sales$m342 350 340 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz725 647 629 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(1)
$/oz979 856 810 
Capital expenditure$m90 72 52 
People
Average no of employees: Total2,731 2,454 2,333 
Permanent employees957 860 824 
Contractors1,774 1,594 1,509 

(1)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.




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Performance summary

Production for the Africa region was up 15 percent for the year ended 31 December 2022 at 1.635 million ounces compared to 1.419 million ounces for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Safety performance improved – there were no occupational fatalities at any of the mines operated by the Company and a TRIFR of 0.33 per million hours worked was recorded (2021: 0.61 per million hours worked).

Regional community investment totalled $10.19 million (2021: $10.5 million).

With Obuasi having received its ISO 45001 (health and safety) certification, all our Africa operations are now certified in terms of ISO 45001, ISO 14001 (environmental management) and the International Cyanide Management Code.

We continued integration of the new Operating Model, the existing Operational Excellence programme, and the Full Asset Potential (FP) review programme launched during 2021.

In the second half of 2022, Geita was part of the FP review programme designed to enhance understanding of the relative potential of each asset and includes developing a plan and implementation schedule to achieve the targeted performance over the next six to 24 months.

Siguiri was the first of the African operations to be involved in the FP review programme with the leadership team focusing on increasing the volume of high-grade oxide ore from Block 2. This increase was successful and is reflected in the year-on-year increase in production. We are starting to see the benefits of the FP review programme at Siguiri and a second contractor was hired to deliver higher volumes of higher-grade oxide ore from Block 2.

For more information regarding production performance in the Africa region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

For more information regarding operating performance in the Africa region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021”

For more information regarding capital expenditure in the Africa region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022, 2021 and 2020—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022 with 2021”

Obuasi update
Phase 3 of the Obuasi redevelopment project, which relates principally to capital expenditure to refurbish existing infrastructure around the KMS Shaft, as well as to service the mine in deeper production areas, continues to progress.

In 2022, the project achieved the following milestones: hoisting via the KMS rock shaft in November 2022; pumping to drop the water level below 50 level; commissioning of the material handling system from 44 level to surface; completing the new ventilation shaft pilot hole and progressing the KMS shaft down to 44 level.

The Obuasi mine continues on the ramp-up path to its full production run-rate in excess of 400,000 ounces.






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THE AMERICAS
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The Americas hosts three of our operations – one in Argentina and two in Brazil – as well as greenfields projects in Colombia and a significant new greenfields development in Nevada in the United States.
Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Operations
  1.     Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia (Attr. 92.5%)170 1,819 
  2.    Brazil
AGA Mineração311 5,702 
Serra Grande88 1,977 




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Americas - Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt7.1 7.8 7.5 
Pay limitoz/t0.10 0.10 0.07 
g/t3.52 3.49 2.46 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.070 0.066 0.081 
g/t2.40 2.27 2.77 
Gold production (attributable)000oz569 559 649 
Silver production (attributable)Moz3.2 3.4 3.3 
Cost of sales$m913 822 764 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,078 921 721 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,718 1,587 1,003 
Capital expenditure (2)
$m339 398 216 
Safety
Number of fatalities010
TRIFRPer million hours worked2.33 3.55 3.68 
People
Average no of employees: Total9,498 9,972 8,789 
Permanent employees6,093 6,452 6,158 
Contractors3,405 3,520 2,631 

(1)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.
(2)100 percent (not attributable) and includes Projects.

Performance summary

Production for the Americas region was up two percent for the year ended 31 December 2022 at 569,000 ounces compared to 559,000 ounces for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Safety – no occupational fatalities and the TRIFR improved to 2.33 per million hours worked (2021: 3.55 per million hours worked).

Community investment amounted to $6.4 million (2021: $5.8 million).

All operations in the Americas maintained their certification in terms of International Cyanide Management Code, ISO 45000 (health and safety) and ISO 14001 (environmental management).

During the second half of 2022, Cuiabá and Serra Grande completed assessments to identify performance improvement initiatives as part of the FP review programme. The FP programme initiatives implemented at Cuiabá have seen ore tonnes consistently above full potential target. At Serra Grande, the FP team identified several enhancement opportunities and it is following implementation plans with timelines for delivery.

In December 2022, the company suspended filtered tailings deposition on the Calcinados TSF and processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant (both of which service the Cuiabá mine complex). For further information, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” and “Item 3D: Risk Factors—Compliance with tailings management requirements and standards, and potential liabilities in the event of a failure to timely comply with these requirements or an incident involving a tailings storage facility, could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti's financial condition, results of operations and reputation”.

For more information regarding production performance in the Americas region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

For more information regarding operating performance in the Americas region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021”.

For more information regarding capital expenditure in the Americas region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022, 2021 and 2020—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022 with 2021”.

Nevada strategy




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In Nevada, during 2022, AngloGold Ashanti’s project team integrated the Corvus Gold assets and project data into the AngloGold Ashanti evaluation framework. The Company completed planning for feasibility study work at North Bullfrog and also commenced a pre-feasibility study at Silicon along with further drilling at the Merlin deposit. Following the acquisition of Coeur Sterling’s mining properties in the fourth quarter of 2022, AngloGold Ashanti’s project team commenced integrating these assets into the broader evaluation studies.













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AUSTRALIA
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Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Operations
Australia
1.   Sunrise Dam232 725 
2.   Tropicana 70%306 807 
The two AngloGold Ashanti operations in Australia are Sunrise Dam and Tropicana, both of which are in the north-eastern goldfields in the state of Western Australia. Sunrise Dam is wholly owned. We have a 70 percent holding in, and manage, Tropicana. Regis Resources Ltd, our partner in Tropicana, holds the balance. Sunrise Dam includes the Butcher Well project (70 percent).




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Australia - Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt10.7 10.5 10.2 
Pay limitoz/t0.05 0.06 0.06 
g/t1.69 1.89 1.95 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.050 0.047 0.054 
g/t1.56 1.47 1.68 
Gold production (attributable)000oz538 494 554 
Cost of sales$m783 740 705 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,157 1,196 968 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(1)
$/oz1,345 1,500 1,225 
Capital expenditure$m202 185 142 
Safety
Number of fatalities000
TRIFRPer million hours worked3.82 6.59 3.74 
People
Average no of employees: Total1,532 1,332 1,230 
Permanent employees314 288 259 
Contractors 1,218 1,044 971 

(1)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.

Performance summary

Production for the Australia region was up nine percent for the year ended 31 December 2022 at 538,000 ounces compared to 494,000 ounces for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Safety performance improved – there were no occupational fatalities and a TRIFR of 3.82 per million hours worked was recorded (2021: 6.59 per million hours worked).

Regional community investment amounted to $0.99 million (2021: $1.01 million).

Sunrise Dam and Tropicana are certified under the Cyanide Code, ISO 45000 (health and safety) and ISO 14001 (environmental management).

The first site to complete an assessment as part of the FP review programme was Sunrise Dam, where the biggest opportunity is to increase productivity in development and achieve a step-change in underground production. The proposed improvements include an underground workshop to lift jumbo utilisation and improvements to planning and scheduling which, together are expected to support an increase in underground volumes. During the second half of 2022, Tropicana also completed an assessment to identify performance improvement initiatives as part of the FP review programme.

For more information regarding production performance in the Australia region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

For more information regarding operating performance in the Australia region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021”.

For more information regarding capital expenditure in the Australia region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022, 2021 and 2020—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022 with 2021”.





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SOUTH AFRICA

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au-20201231_g9.jpg

The sale of the South African assets to Harmony closed on 30 September 2020. As a result, the figures in this section relate
to the nine months ended on 30 September 2020, unless the context indicates otherwise.

The discontinued operations in the South Africa region are:

West Wits: Mponeng
Surface operations
Gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Operations
South Africa
  1.   West Wits
Mponeng134 5,040 
  2.   Surface operations (1)
107 2,254 
(1)Includes MWS for purposes of this annual report. It is operated and managed as a separate cash-generating unit.
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South Africa Key Statistics
Unit202020192018
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt0.4 35.1 34.9 
  Pay limit (1)
oz/t0.40 0.33 0.44 
g/t14.60 11.90 16.11 
  Recovered grade (1)
oz/t0.120 0.183 0.219 
g/t3.75 5.69 6.82 
Gold production000oz241 419 487 
Cost of sales$m287 479 590 
  Total cash costs (2)
$/oz1,149 981 1,033 
  All-in sustaining costs (2)
$/oz1,296 1,132 1,178 
Capital expenditure$m35 57 73 
Safety
Number of fatalities402 
AIFRPer million hours worked6.12 10.00 10.25 
People
Average no of employees: Total7,294 6,975 17,308 
Permanent employees6,418 6,202 15,557 
Contractors 876 773 1,751 
Unit202220212020
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt0.4 
  Pay limit (1)
oz/t0.40 
g/t14.60 
  Recovered grade (1)
oz/t0.120 
g/t3.75 
Gold production000oz241 
Cost of sales$m287 
Total cash costs per ounce (2)
$/oz1,149 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(2)
$/oz1,296 
Capital expenditure$m35 
Safety
Number of fatalities4
TRIFRPer million hours worked6.12 
People
Average no of employees: Total8,297 
Permanent employees7,012 
Contractors 1,285 
(1)Refers to underground operations only.
(2)“Total cash costs per ounce” and all-in“all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results-Non-GAAPResults—Non-GAAP analysis”.



Production and costs

The South Africa region’s operations produced 241,000oz at a total cash cost of $1,149/oz for the nine months to September 2020 compared to 307,000oz produced at a total cash cost of $1,003/oz for the same nine-month period in 2019. The decline in annual production was mainly due to the slow start to the year, a result of poor ground conditions; safety stoppages owing to seismic events and related fatalities; and the national COVID-related lockdown implemented at the end of March 2020.

Cost of sales in the South Africa region decreased from $479m in 2019 to $287m in 2020. All-in-sustaining cost for the South Africa region for 2020 was $1,296/oz, versus $1,156/oz the prior year, with the increase due to lower gold production, higher royalties, inflationary cost increases for power, labour and consumables, higher hauling contractor costs and IT-related expenditure at surface operations. This was partially offset by favourable by-product contributions,
lower sustaining capital expenditure, and the weaker rand against the dollar.

Capital expenditure

Total capital spend in South Africa was $35m for the nine months ending September 2020 compared to $57m for the 2019 year.

Safety

Regrettably there were four fatalities in the South Africa region in 2020, which occurred at Mponeng mine, three resulting from a seismic fall of ground related incident and one a rail bound equipment related incident. The AIFR was 6.12 for the year, an improvement year-on-year.
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EXPLORATION REVIEW

Our greenfields exploration is focused on two of our strategic focus areas: creating value by providing long-term optionality and improving portfolio quality. Our exploration programme covers greenfields and brownfields exploration.

These strategic objectivesprogrammes are met by:

•    Greenfields exploration which aimsdesigned to discover large, high-valuenew Mineral Resource whichthat will eventuallyultimately lead to the development of new, stand-alone gold mines;mines and support the sustainability of our business.

•    BrownfieldsIn 2022, the Silicon and Merlin prospects in Nevada were handed over to our Beatty project team, following which the greenfields exploration which focuses team refocused its efforts on delivering value through accretive additionsthe discovery of the next significant project to add to the Ore Reserve at existing mines as well as new discoveries in defined areas around operations.

AngloGold Ashanti portfolio.

Greenfields exploration

During 2020, generativeIn 2022, $29 million was spent on greenfields exploration. Our greenfields exploration activities were undertakentenements cover over 9,500km2 of highly prospective ground in six countries – Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Guinea, Tanzania, and the USA. United States.

Americas

In all, 80,541mthe United States, following the handover of the Silicon discovery to the Beatty Project team in the first quarter of 2022, the greenfields exploration function shifted its focus to seven, 100 percent-owned, earlier-stage greenfields projects located elsewhere in the Great Basin of Nevada. Work completed at these various projects included prospect mapping, surface sampling and geophysical surveys. Diamond drilling is planned for the Midnight Star and CR projects during 2023.

In Brazil, 1,330 stream sediments, 1,200 soil samples and 1,060 rock chip samples were collected. From the SBB terrane in the state of Minas Gerais, four districts have been identified by stream sediment sampling. Infill sampling is in progress to define projects in these districts. At the WBC terrane, which is located in the state of Matto Grosso do Sul to the south-west of Minas Gerais, one project has been advanced and will be considered for drilling in 2023.

In Argentina, an option agreement was signed with Latin Metals for the Organullo project in Salta Province. Work completed globally with total expendituresince June 2022 included soil sampling, mapping, acquisition of $31.2m overvarious spectral data sets and community engagement. At the year.100 percent-held El Cori project, four drilling targets were identified from surface exploration.

Africa

In Guinea, we received six reconnaissance permits for the Shira district in the Siguiri Basin of Guinea. Community engagement work has started and field exploration is scheduled for the first quarter of 2023.

In Tanzania, target generation activities continued.

Australia
Laverton District – AGA (100%) and Butcher Well and Lake Carey JV (70%)
Aircore (AC), reverse circulation (RC) and diamond drilling (DD) was completedIn Australia, we carried out exploration work in the Laverton District with a total of 64,041m drilledand, in 2020. At the Bismarck prospect (70% AngloGold Ashanti), six DD holes were completed for 1,128m. The drilling intersected predominantly basaltic-andesite volcanic rocks with gold mineralisation hosted in narrow sulphidic breccias and associated stockwork quartz veins. At the Turing prospect (100% AngloGold Ashanti), 244 AC holes for 10,949m, 11 RC holes for 1,546m and 4 DD holes for 1,127m were completed. The AC drilling defined a greater than 2km long, NNW-trending zone of anomalous gold, which remains open along strike. Follow-up RC and DD returned mostly low-tenor gold intercepts, apart from isolated high-grade results associated with coarse visible gold in narrow quartz veins. At the Cleveland prospect (100% AngloGold Ashanti), 123 AC holes for 9,728m and 13 DD holes for 2,494m were completed. Several anomalous gold intercepts were received from AC drilling with results open from the southernmost drill line. The DD was designed to extend RC holes and test for down-plunge extensions to a 500m long, NNW-trending zone of gold mineralisation identified in the first half of 2020. Most of the DD holes intersected intervals of pyrite-chalcopyrite mineralisation within quartz-sericitepyrophyllite- chloritoid schist. AC drilling was also completedQueensland, greenfields exploration took place at the Vampire (1,393m), Pioneer (1,239m), Seguin (558m), Triton (11,844m), Argonaut (1,011m), Juno (17,790m)Chillagoe and Kraken (3,144m) prospects.

North Queensland (100% AngloGold Ashanti)
Field programmes consisting of mapping and soil sampling continue to be postponed due to travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

United States
Silicon (100% AngloGold Ashanti)
At Silicon, the Plan of Operations was approved during the third quarter of 2020, and earthworks started for the construction of pads and roads throughout the central Silicon project area. One RC hole was completed (360m) before drilling was stopped. Drilling was restarted in October, with a total of 9,728m of combined diamond and RC drilling completed during the second half in 2020. Core drilling also began at the Merlin target in the southern Silicon project area during the period. The final $2.4m payment of the Silicon Option Earn-in Agreement was paid to acquire 100% ownership of the Silicon project.

Rhyolite – AngloGold Ashanti (100% AngloGold Ashanti)
In the first half of the year, RC drilling for 2,423m was completed with no significant results received. Additional prospecting work was carried out at Rhyolite in second half of the year.

Transvaal – AngloGold Ashanti (100% AngloGold Ashanti)
At Transvaal, drill target delineation was completed during the period based on detailed geological mapping and surface rock chip geochemical sampling from first half of 2020. IP lines were completed in the target area to refine drill targets developed in the fort half of 2020. A Notice of Intent permit was submitted and received for drill pad and access construction for the first targets.

Other
In Brazil, additional exploration licenses were granted at the WBC project.
In Argentina and West Africa, exploration focused on target generation activities.Georgetown projects.

Brownfields exploration

During 2020,In the Beatty District, brownfields exploration continued at North Bullfrog, and successfully defined and expanded the Silicon and Merlin targets. Elsewhere across our operations, exploration continued, on one hand to add confidence to the mine plans by upgrading the Mineral Resource and on the other to search for new Mineral Resource with a high likelihood for conversion to Mineral Reserve.

In 2022, our brownfields exploration teams across the globe completed 799km of capital and 358km of expensed drilling at a cost of $79 million and $67 million, respectively. The drilled metre achievement was ten percent below the 2022 budget of 1,281km with the gap closing each quarter after slow start ups at a few operations. Total expenditure of $146 million was 12 percent below budget.

Brownfields exploration activities resulting in the most notable economic intercepts, by operation, for 2022 are listed below by region.

Africa

•Geita: The key area drilled was Geita Hill which is split into six blocks. The drilling was conducted from both surface and underground and was designed to upgrade the underground project and to prepare for mining. Other significant intercepts were drilled at Star and Comet underground at Cut 3 and Ridge 8, extending the potential of the underground complex at Star and Comet. Drilling at the Nyamulilima open pit expanded and further defined the mineralisation.
•Obuasi: Drilling at Block 8, Block 10 and Sansu continued to define the limits of mineralisation and prepare these areas for mining. Late in the year drilling started at Cote D’Or examining the potential to open a second mining area.
•Siguiri: The key exploration activities were undertaken acrossat Kounkoun (Block 3) where infill and definition drilling continue as part of the globe. Brownfields exploration completed 1,409kmoverall assessment of Block 3 as a future mining area. Drilling to extend and define the known mineralisation in Blocks 1 and 2 was conducted.
•Kibali: Two notable drilling with a total expenditure of $63.1m (capital)intercepts, at Mengu Hill and $67.7m (expensed) forOere, were recorded during the year.
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Africa
Tanzania

Capitalised (underground) and expensed (surface/underground) drilling programmes completed a total of 117,938m during the year at a cost of $27.2m.

Mineral Resource development drilling continued at the Nyamulilima deposit. Results confirmed the continuity of the ore zones within the eastern and western mineralised domains and increased the Mineral Resource confidence within the optimised pit shells and allowed for the declaration of a maiden Ore Reserve. Results from the Mineral Resource development drilling at Nyankanga Block3, Star & Comet Cut 3 and at Cut 2 confirmed the Mineral Resource model interpretations.

Sterilisation drilling for the waste dump was carried out and show no significant intersections.

Mineral Resource definition drilling was carried out at Nyankanga Block 1, returning results that confirmed the down-dip continuity of mineralisation at Block 1.

Reconnaissance drilling programmes into the footwall of the Nyankanga underground project returned low grade, erratic mineralisation hosted within these deep-seated structures. Reconnaissance drilling carried out at Star & Comet Cut 2 returned
results that confirmed the presence of the footwall structure.

Guinea

Capitalised and expensed drilling programmes completed a total of 85,119m during the year at a total cost of $10.9m.

At Block 1 infill drilling occurred at the Kami Saddle, Sintroko West, Sanu Tinti, Sokunu, Bidini, Bidini-Tubani-Kalamagna pushback, Sofore-Tubani, Bidini North, Kami and Seguelen PB2.

Reconnaissance drilling occurred at Kami North, Kami West and South, Solakoro North, Seguelen, the Carbonate Hills, Komatiguiya South East, Seguelen PB2, Sorofe-Tubani, Kossise and Balato NW. In Block 2, Saraya infill drilling occurred and sterilisation drilling was carried out at Foulata. At Saraya West E.L. and Foulata reconnaissance drilling was completed.

Assays results were received for Sokunu northwest infill drilling, Sintroko West reconnaissance drilling, Sintroko West infill drilling and Komatiguiya southeast reconnaissance drilling.

Mapping focused on improving the understanding of the geology of the Bidini, Sanu Tinti, Kalamagna, Kami and Tubani pits. field works was also conducted at Doko, Didid, Kossisem Kozan and Sokunu and there were encouraging observations.

Geometallurgical proxy data collection and interpretation were performed, and samples have been analysed respectively for pXRF, Terraspec and Equotip. At Saraya, metallurgical DD deeper hole drilling was completed, aimed at understanding Western intrusion.

Ghana

At Iduapriem, drilling totalled 47,164m at a cost of $6.4m.

During the year, exploration drilling principally focussed on Block 1 East and West, Efuanta, Badukrom and the Block 5 xtension projects.

The Block 1 exploration project involved mapping and Mineral Resource conversion drilling at Block 1 Central, Block 1 East and Block 1 West. Significant intersections were reported for Block 1 East.

At Efuanta, drilling was wrapped up with significant intersections reported. While at Badukrom, drilling commenced in the fourth quarter of 2020 and reported significant intersections.

One hole was drilled at Block 3 West to ascertain the weathering profile down dip of the pit as part of the return water dam feasibility studies.

Block 5 extension drilling via RC and DD returned significant intersections. Sampling of the Mile 8 auger drilling project was completed, and results have been received and narrowed down the anomalous targets. Outcrop mapping was carried out at Block 1 East and an 8m thick conglomerate outcrop was observed at ML6J.

At Obuasi, drilling continued with a total of 55,094m drilled in the underground exploration programmes at a cost of $6.5m.

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Exploration and infill drilling activities continued on 41 level in Block 10, and in stockpiles 12, 13 and 14 along the ODD 32 level in Block 8.

Grade control drilling continued in Block 8, 27 and 29 Level, Sansu 18 Level and 26 Level and 28 KRS in Block 10. Results from 41 Level north and south drilling confirmed the Mineral Resource models.

Results from the reconnaissance drilling from stockpiles 12, 13 and 14 along the ODD showed continuity in grade and structure within the Obuasi fissure.

Grade control drilling results at 27 L 312, at 28 L KRS 295 and at 26 L in Sansu 3 shows continuity of the Obuasi fissure but variability in width.

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Capitalised and Expensed drilling programmes completed a total of 17.845m during the year at a cost of $3.6m. The focus of exploration was on Mineral Resource replacement/addition and underground projects.

Drilling at KCD is in progress, with additional deep holes planned as the initial deep hole results were not encouraging, possibly clipping the edge of the payshoots.

Results returned from the Ikamva East and Kombokolo confirm the models. Two identified targets are to be tested with proposed
drilling in the first quarter of 2021 at Ikamva area.

At Madungu, the target shows some upside with possible plunge extent to the mineralisation and further holes are planned. At Oere, overall results from both drilling and trenching programmes support the current model.

While for the Kibali region, the KZ geological map was updated and four main sets of structures were highlighted and identified that infill soil sampling is required. At KZ South, field activities were completed and identified 6 sub-targets interpreted to potentially host higher grade mineralisation.

Americas
Argentina
In Argentina, a total•Cerro Vanguardia: Numerous veins were drilled and later in the year emphasis moved to the northwest of 25,075mthe property and onto the Condor ground.
•AGA Mineração, CdS: Drilling of drilling was completedunderground opportunities at both CdS I and II delivered significant intercepts at Sangue De Boi, Mutuca, Rosalino, Pinta Bem and Pneu.
•AGA Mineração, Cuiabá: Drilling to extend the depth extents of Fonte Grande Sul below 21 level continued while at a cost of $4.4m.shallower depth drilling to define the satellite ore bodies continued to deliver.

•
A total of 0.93km of channels were carried out on the Carmela, Dora, Teresa and Gabriela veins in the southern and central parts of the tenements Drilling was carried out to test downdip extension of vein mineralisationSerra Grande: One significant intercept, at the Northern zone (Cuncuna, Vanguardia 1, Vanguardia 2, Vanguardia 3 veins), Central zone (Atila, Gesica, Loma del Muerto veins) and Southern zone (Carmela, El Lazo, Teresa veins).

Drilling was also carried out to test the extension of mineralisation in less well-defined veins outside the main district at Dora, El TríAngicão, Oveja and Trinidad.

Brazil
In Brazil, at Cuiabá and Lamego a total 89,251m was drilled at a cost of $9.6m.

At Cuiabá, Mineral Resource Conversion drilling on Levels 20 and 21 was completed at the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2020. The L20 FGS/SER (main orebodies) drilling campaign continues, and excellent results reported. A directional drilling programme started in March and focused on Fonte Grande South.

The intensive drilling/ mapping campaign within the quartz-vein satellite orebodies was completed and the model has been updated. Several significant intercepts were also reported.

Drilling at secondary orebodies: Viana, Serrotinho and Galinheiro extensions (levels 04 and 05) returned good results confirming theorebodies potential to create mining flexibility at shallower levels.

In the regional programmes, at Descoberto a 2nd drill rig commenced drilling and good results continue to be reported. At Tinguá various exploration activities progressed well including mapping, soil sampling, and resulted in positive outcomes. The historical surface galleries surrounding or associated with Cuiabá Mine were scanned. At Matarelli, a geochemical soil survey was conducted, and the first results showed local gold anomalies.

At the Lamego Sul Target the soil sample campaign was completed and the soil survey to cover most of the region started. At Lamego, underground and surface drilling continued. Results from exploratory drilling campaign from Queimada orebodies level 5 confirmed potential in lower levels of the mine and show strike extension potential. Surface drilling returned positive gold results for AVOX (oxide programme). The Arco da Velha sulphide drilling campaign is currently on hold due to landlord issues.

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At Córrego do Sítio (CdS), capitalised and expensed drilling programmes completed a total of 154,709m at a cost of $10.1m
during the year.

•
At CdS I, underground drilling focused on Cachorro Bravo, LaranjeirasBeatty: Definition and Carvoaria with positive results from all targets. Surface drilling was carried out at Rosalino, Campinas and Mutuca and retuned positive results.

CdS II drilling was carried out at São Bento, Sangue de Boi and Pinta Bem Sul with positive results. Results are still pending for Pinta Bem Sul.

CdS IIIinfill drilling continued at Jambeiro targetSilicon and Anomalia as well as sterilisation drilling forMerlin in Nevada. Drilling at North Bullfrog started to deliver later in the CdS III mining project. Most results are pending.

year.
At Serra Grande, capitalised and expensed drilling programmes completed a total of 117,057m at a cost of $7.8m.

Drilling focused on completing the drilling programme at Ingá, Forquilha, Mangaba-Corpo IV, Angicão (D Tereza), Mangaba, Palmeiras South Mine, Superior Zone (Mine III), VQZ (deep mine) and Pequizão.

The Mineral Resource evaluation process has been finished with Ore Reserve additions of 343koz.

Colombia
In Colombia, at La Colosa, no exploration occurred.

At the Quebradona project, drilling to cover the vent shafts and the planned ore passes was completed, and all results have been reported. Grade control schedule activities were reviewed for the Quebradona Advanced Geology project. Operational Readiness final adjustments and FS chapters are expected to include the summary of these activities up the end of January 2021. The 2020 geotechnical drilling programme for infrastructure sites has been concluded. The geotechnical soils testing programme and rock test work is currently in progress.

Australia
Exploration field reconnaissance, grab sampling and mapping was performed.

At •Sunrise Dam capitalised and expensed drilling programmes completed a total of 214,294m at a cost of $30.6m during the year.
Dam:
Eleven underground rigs The key areas delivering significant intercepts were used during the period, for infill, and reconnaissance drilling at Frankie Frankie Extensions, Carey Shear, Porphyry Steeps, Cosmo East, MWS Steeps, Hammerhead South,and Vogue South, Vogue East, Vogue Deeps, Elle, Western Ramps and Flamingo.

Exploration/reconnaissance drilling was conducted at Stella and Western Ramps. Regional surface exploration targeted Orchard,
Pink Lady, Sunrise North and Golden Delicious Significant intercepts were reported for Vogue, Frankie, Carey, Hammerhead South, Elle, Cosmo East, Western ramps and Porphyry Steeps.

At Tropicana, drilling completed 127,468m at a cost of $10.2m.

Mine Mineral Resource development drilling comprised of in-pit Mineral Resource Confidence drilling at BS03; Mineral Resource
confidence drilling at Crouching Tiger as part of programmes designed to define and extend mineralisation in these areas. As is typical of the TSF options study; IndicatedSunrise Dam mineralisation, most drilling at Madras and Measured underground
diamond drilling at Tropicana underground.programmes drilled significant intercepts which reflect the nuggety nature of the mineralisation.

•
Regional exploration ACTropicana: Successful drilling was carried outaimed at Paradise, Madras, New Zebra, Husky, Sanpan, Phoenix North, Bushwackerthe three underground projects, namely, Boston Shaker, Havana and Snowball. RC and diamond drilling were completed at Madras/Masala, Springbok, Highball, Hat Trick, Phoenix, Voodoo Child, Wild Thing, Angel Eyes and Sazerac. The best assay results were returned from Tropicana underground and the Sazerac regional target.

Projects

Colombia: The greenfields projects in Colombia make a significant contribution to AngloGold Ashanti’s Mineral Resource with La Colosa, Quebradona and Gramalote collectively contributing 38.5Moz. Quebradona and Gramalote contribute 4.2Moz to the gold Ore Reserve. Quebradona also has a copper Ore Reserve of 3,105Mlbs. Both Quebradona and Gramalote are at various stages of feasibility study while the La Colosa project is currently under force majeure, pending the necessary environmental permits.Tropicana.

The Gramalote project, a joint venture between AngloGold Ashanti (50%) and B2Gold (50%), is located near the towns of Providencia and San Jose del Nus within the municipality of San Roque, in the northwestWhile many of the Department of Antioquia. Itsignificant economic intersections are for unmined underground opportunities, Nevada is approximately 124km northeast of Medellín, the regional capital of the Antioquia Department. B2Gold became the project manager and operator from 2020.delivering significant intersections that will most likely be excavated through open pit mining.

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Work on the feasibility study continued as planned in 2020 with drilling resuming in May 2020. An updated resource model completed by year end provided the information necessary to advance pit design and mining engineering studies. Feasibility stage metallurgical studies and process plant designs were also completed. Infrastructure design work continues. The results of the feasibility study are expected in the second quarter of 2021 which will be submitted for board approval. The decision on whether to proceed with development is expected shortly thereafter.PROJECTS

In December 2020, the Gramalote project received the “Sello Social de La Minería en Antioquia”, which is presented through the Ministry of Mines of Antioquia to large scale operations, recognising Gramalote for its commitment to community support.Quebradona

Following the decision of Colombia’s national environmental agency (ANLA) in November 2021 to archive the Company’s environmental licence application for the Quebradona project, AngloGold Ashanti filed an appeal seeking to secure further details on the specific additional information required for ANLA to make a decision on AngloGold Ashanti’s licence submission. On 29 April 2022, ANLA dismissed the appeal and confirmed its decision to archive the Company’s application. AngloGold Ashanti continues to review and analyse the additional information identified as part of ANLA’s decision. The objective is to prepare, submit and process a new environmental licence request for Quebradona deposit is situated in the Middle Cáuca regionfollowing completion of Colombia, in the Department of Antioquia, 60km southwest
of Medellín within the Municipality of Jericó.. The project is 100% owned and managed by AngloGold Ashanti.a new environmental impact assessment.

The feasibility study currently underway to determine the engineering activities is due to be completed early in 2021. During the second half of 2020, much of the focus was on responding to requests for additional information as part of the application process for the necessary mining and environmental licenses and related permits. Gramalote

Following completion of the feasibility study on the Gramalote gold project, will be submitteda joint operation with B2Gold, both partners have determined that the Gramalote project does not meet their investment thresholds for board approval in the second quarter of 2021, following which will be the receipt of the environmental and mining licences to operate.development. The project is expectedcontinues to treat 6.2Mt annually to produce 3 billion pounds of copper, 1.5Moz of goldbenefit from federal and 21Moz of Silver over a potential 23-year life. First production is expected to start in the second half of 2025. Quebradona will be a copper mine with gold and silverlocal government support as by-products. Simultaneously, work continued on incorporating all findings from peer reviews and promoting the ‘#Miningwithpurpose’ campaign, which seeks to highlight the integration of social, environmental and economic imperatives into the project and subsequent mining operations. Local stakeholderwell as continuing support from the Jericó community tends to be stable with the most recent survey conducted indicating that 68% of residents support the project.local communities.

The La Colosa project is located approximately 150km west of Bogotá in the Tolima Department. It is a very large porphyrystyle gold deposit discovered by the Colombia greenfields exploration team in 2006. The project is 100% owned and managed by AngloGold Ashanti and B2Gold have completed a comprehensive review of the alternatives and consider that it was halted and has been voluntarily suspended, since 2017, duewould be in the best interest of all stakeholders for a new party to force majeure recognised byown the national mining authority, relatingGramalote project. The partners appointed a corporate advisor in the fourth quarter of 2022 to environmental permits required to continueassist with the project’s mining exploration activities.sale process for the Gramalote project, which is currently ongoing.


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4C.    ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

GROUP STRUCTURE

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are divided into the following regions:
•South Africa – West Wits and surface operations (sold on 30 September 2020);
•Africa –— operations in Ghana, Guinea and Tanzania and a joint venture operationsoperation in the DRC and Mali (the Morila and Sadiola Mines in Mali were sold during 2020);DRC;
•Australia –— operations in Australia; and
•Americas –— operations in Argentina and Brazil, and exploration projects in Colombia and the United States.States and Colombia.

The above four regions also correspond to AngloGold Ashanti’s four business segments. The South Africa region is recognised for financial statement purposes as discontinued operations as we sold our remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities in 2020. In addition, a discontinued operation.new segment, Projects has been introduced from the implementation of the new Operating Model (previously reported under the America’s segment). The Projects segment comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities.

Day-to-day management of the groupGroup is entrusted to AngloGold Ashanti’s executive management team, chaired by the Chief Executive Officer. See “Item“Item 6: Directors, Senior Management and Employees”.

Support is provided to the executive management team in managing AngloGold Ashanti’s corporate activities at both the central and local levels.

SUBSIDIARIES

AngloGold Ashanti Limited has investments in principal subsidiaries and joint venture interests, see “Item“Item 19: Exhibits—Exhibits to Form 20-F—Exhibit 19.8 List of AngloGold Ashanti Limited subsidiaries at 31 December 2020”subsidiaries” for details.

On 16 March 2023, AngloGold Ashanti and Gold Fields announced that they have agreed the key terms of a proposed joint venture in Ghana between Gold Fields' Tarkwa and AngloGold Ashanti's neighbouring Iduapriem Mines (the “Proposed Joint Venture”). There can be no certainty that the parties will enter into a definitive agreement with respect to the Proposed Joint Venture or about the timing, terms and conditions of any such definitive agreement. Implementation of the Proposed Joint Venture is subject to, among other matters, reaching agreement with the Government of Ghana regarding the Proposed Joint Venture, conclusion of confirmatory due diligence and securing all requisite regulatory approvals. For further information, refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 35—Subsequent Events”.
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4D.    PROPERTY, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT

For more information about AngloGold Ashanti’s mines, including as to the company’s mining rights and licences refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling Locations of properties
au-20221231_g1.jpg
Notes:
(1) Gramalote is managed by B2Gold Corp ("B2Gold").
(2) AngloGold Ashanti to Mine”acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold Inc.("Corvus Gold") acquisition in January 2022.
(3) AngloGold Ashanti acquired Sterling (which includes the Crown Block deposits of SNA, Secret Pass and Daisy) through the Coeur Sterling, Inc. ("Coeur Sterling") acquisition in November 2022.
(4) Kibali is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick").

Mine, operation and business unit
The locations of AngloGold Ashanti’s properties are used interchangeably.shown above. Percentages indicate the ownership interest held by AngloGold Ashanti. All operations are 100 percent ownedwholly-owned unless otherwise indicated.

Overview of mining properties and operations
The overview for each mining property is disclosed below and includes information on the following items:
•Location of the properties;
•For each material property, locality maps showing the location of such properties as well as infrastructure and licences;
•Type and amount of ownership interests;
•Identity of the operator or operators;
•Titles, mineral rights, leases or options and acreage involved;
•Stages of the properties (exploration, development or production);
•Key permit conditions;
•Mine types and mineralisation styles; and
•Processing plants and other available facilities.



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Please refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022” for the aggregate annual production for each of the Company's mining properties during each of the fiscal years ended 31 December 2022, 2021 and 2020. For more information about AngloGold Ashanti’s mines, including a summary of the Company’s titles, mining rights, leases and licences with acreage, please refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine”.

In its annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021, AngloGold Ashanti complied for the first time with the new mining property disclosure requirements for mining registrants set forth in Subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR § 229.1300) (“Regulation S-K 1300”) and reported on, and filed Technical Report Summaries for, all of its mining properties. During 2022, AngloGold Ashanti developed a process to determine which properties are material to its business or financial condition for purposes of the individual property disclosure requirements of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR § 229.1304). The key considerations taken into account by AngloGold Ashanti in its materiality assessment include (i) certain quantitative factors such as contribution to the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve, actual and planned production and Net Present Value, as well as (ii) certain qualitative factors, which are assessed in the context of the Company’s overall business and financial condition. The materiality assessment covers all of the Company’s mining properties (regardless of the stage of the mining property) and all of its mining and related activities from exploration through extraction, and will be reviewed by the Company on an annual basis. Based on these considerations, AngloGold Ashanti has determined that its material properties for purposes of Regulation S-K 1300 are Geita, Kibali and Obuasi. With respect to Geita, an updated Technical Report Summary (effective date: 31 December 2022) has been prepared by the relevant Qualified Persons, and is filed as Exhibit 19.15.4 hereto. With respect to Kibali and Obuasi, AngloGold Ashanti has determined that (i) there are no material changes to the Mineral Reserve or Mineral Resource reported in the Technical Report Summaries for these properties (effective date: 31 December 2021) which were filed as exhibits to AngloGold Ashanti’s annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021, and (ii) all material assumptions and information pertaining to the disclosure of the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve for Kibali and Obuasi remain current in all material respects as of 31 December 2022, based on all facts and circumstances, both quantitative and qualitative. As a result, the Technical Report Summaries for Kibali and Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021), which were initially filed as exhibits to AngloGold Ashanti’s annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021, are filed as Exhibits 19.15.7 and 19.15.5, respectively, hereto.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operating mines are all accessible by road.road, although for some, personnel access is better achieved by air.

AFRICAAngloGold Ashanti’s exploration programmes are based on consistent standards and processes across its portfolio and are guided by peer review. Part of AngloGold Ashanti's investment strategy is focused on exploration drilling and Mineral Reserve development to grow the Mineral Resource and by converting these, the Company allows for expansion of the Mineral Reserve. The process involves identifying the best group of drill targets and prioritising those that have the highest potential for success to be advanced first. Greenfields exploration aims to discover large, high-value Mineral Resource, which will eventually lead to the development of new gold mines. Brownfields exploration focuses on delivering value through accretive additions to the Mineral Reserve at existing mines as well as new discoveries in defined areas around operations.

This annual report on Form 20-F is not being submitted in support of the disclosure of exploration results and therefore no disclosure of drilling or sample results is provided. AngloGold Ashanti has elected not to provide drilling results for its operating mines as drilling at its brownfields operations is generally intended to provide incremental additions, or conversions to already reported Mineral Resource and therefore they are not seen as material. While drilling at the Company’s brownfields operations increases confidence in its Mineral Resource as well as adds LOM extensions, the incremental additions that occur on a yearly basis are not material to that operation or the Company as a whole. In cases where the drilling projects are supporting a non-sustaining addition, these projects are commented on. In the Company’s major greenfields projects, if any single drill result is considered material and may change the reported Mineral Resource significantly then it is reported. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Exploration review”.





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AFRICA
AngloGold Ashanti has five mining operations within the Africa region. region:
•Kibali Gold Mine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ("DRC"), a joint venture (“JV”) between AngloGold Ashanti (45%), Barrick Gold Corporation (“Barrick”) (following its merger with Randgold Resources Limited (“Randgold”)) (45%), and Société Minière de Kilo-Moto S.A. (“SOKIMO”), a state-owned gold mining company (10%);
•Iduapriem Gold Mine ("Iduapriem") and Obuasi Gold Mine ("Obuasi") in Ghana;
•Siguiri Gold Mine (“Siguiri”) in Guinea, co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (85%) and the government of Guinea (15%); and
•Geita Gold Mine ("GGM" or "Geita") in Tanzania.

Mining is from both open pit and underground, with Obuasi (in Ghana) being an underground mine, in a redevelopment phase, Iduapriem (in Ghana) and Siguiri (in Guinea) being open pit mines, and Kibali (in DRC) and Geita (in Tanzania) being a combination of open pit and underground mines. The Morila and Sadiola Mines were sold during 2020. The sale of the company’s interests in the Yatela mine (in Mali) to the Government of Mali, announced in 2019, is pending fulfilment or waiver of a number of conditions precedent.

DRC
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO (DRC)
DescriptionKIBALI
For additional information, please refer to the Technical Report Summary for Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto.

Property description
Kibali is a joint venture co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (45%), Barrick (45%), and SOKIMO (10%). SOKIMO is wholly-owned by the DRC government. The consolidated lease is made up of ten exploitation permits. The metallurgical plant comprises a twin-circuit sulphide and oxide plant with conventional carbon-in-leach ("CIL"), including gravity recovery as well as a float and ultra-fine grind circuit. Barrick operates the mine, which comprises both open pit and underground operations.

Kibali Gold Mine,is a gold mining, processing and exploration project. Operations currently focus on open pit and underground mining. The mine was originally developed and operated by Randgold. Following the completion of the merger of Randgold and Barrick in 2019, Barrick became the operator at Kibali for both exploration and mining. Kibali is currently a production stage property.

Location
Kibali is located in the north-easternnortheastern part of the DRC near the international borders with Uganda and South Sudan,is the sole operation in the DRC.

DRC - Kibali
Description
The Kibali Gold Mine is a joint venture between AngloGold Ashanti (45 percent), Barrick Gold Corporation (45 percent) and Société Minière de Kilo-Moto (SOKIMO), a state-owned gold company owning the balance. Kibali is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation.Sudan. The mine is located adjacent to the village of Doko, which is located into the west of the projectlease area. Kibali is approximately 210 kilometres210km by road from Arua on the Ugandan border and immediately north of the district capital of Watsa.

The operational area falls within the administrative territory of Watsa in Haut UéHaut-Uélé province.

Mineralisation style
Gold deposits of the Kibali district are classified as Archaean orogenic gold deposits. At Kibali, the gold deposits are largely hosted in siliciclastic rocks, banded iron formations (“BIFs”) and chert that were deformed, altered and transposed during several events. This occurred at or near greenschist metamorphic conditions. Ore-forming H2O-CO2-rich fluids migrated along a linked network of gently northeast-dipping shears and north-northeast plunging fold axes that are commonly referred to as the KZ Trend. The auriferous KZ Trend is a complexly deformed fault system specifically developed along the boundary between the younger sedimentary basin in the west of the belt that juxtaposes the older rocks to the east. Mineralisation occurred during the later stages of subsequent regional deformation which resulted in inversion of the basin and the development of reverse faults and folds. Ongoing deformation during hydrothermal activity resulted in the development of lodes in a variety of related structural settings within the KZ Trend.

History
On 15 October 2009, AngloGold Ashanti acquired a 50 percent indirect interest in Moto Goldmines Limited through a JV with Randgold, with Moto holding a 70 percent stake in Kibali and the DRC parastatal SOKIMO holding the remaining 30 percent stake. On 21 December 2009, Randgold and AngloGold Ashanti increased their JV interest in Kibali to 90 percent, while SOKIMO retained a 10 percent holding. On 2 January 2019, Randgold merged with Barrick, and the JV is now held by the combined company, trading as Barrick.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.




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Mining method
The operation comprises both open pit and underground mining. FirstOpen pit mining is carried out using conventional drill, blast, load and haul surface mining methods. From 2022 onwards, open pit production will come from the Sessenge, Aerodrome, Pamao, Gorumbwa, Megi-Marakeke-Sayi, Kalimva-Ikamva, Oere, Pakaka, and Karagba, Chauffeur and Durba (“KCD”) deposits. Open pit mining is conducted by contractor Kibali Mining Services, a local subsidiary of DTP Terrassement, using either free-dig or conventional drill, blast, load and haul methods.

For the underground operation, longitudinal and transverse longitudinal stoping methods with paste backfill are the nominated mining methods. The Kibali KCD underground mine is designed to extract the KCD deposit directly beneath the KCD open pit. A 50m crown pillar separates the pit bottom from the top of the underground mine. The first gold was poured in September 2013 from the open pit operations. The underground mine has both a rampoperations and shaft system, with the shaft reaching a depth of 740 metres. Developmentdevelopment of the underground mine commenced in 2013, with the first underground developmentsame year. Stoping commenced in 2015 and ore minedproduction has ramped up to 3.8Mt in 2013 and stoping commencing in 2015.2022. Initial production was viatruck hauled by a twin decline fromto surface. In 2017, the haulage shaft (740m deep) and materials handling system was commissioned. From 2018 onwards, the majority ofunderground ore washas predominantly been hoisted up the shaft. The decline to surface now beingwill continue to be used to haul ore from some of the shallower zones and to supplement shaft haulage.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Infrastructure in the DRC is generally poor as a result of limited investment in maintenance, upgrades and extensions of the road networks established during colonial times. The mine site is located within 160km of the border with Uganda and all transport links take place through Uganda to Kenya or Tanzania. Access by air to Kibali involves a commercial flight to Entebbe in Uganda followed by a charter flight to Doko airport, situated on the mine property. The Doko airstrip was upgraded by Kibali and is equipped with runway lights and precision approach path indicator lights. For the number of persons employed at the mine, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Operating Performance—Africa Region”.

Kibali is a large-scale gold mining operation, with a number of sources of ore, that has been in operation since 2013. The physical condition of the equipment, facilities, and infrastructure at Kibali is in good working order, with the mine investing heavily in maintaining and upgrading its assets to ensure that they remain reliable and efficient. Surface infrastructure associated with the overall Kibali operation includes a processing plant, capabletailings storage facility ("TSF"), camp, airstrip, underground shaft, workshops and offices. Power to the mine is self-generated by a combination of producing an averagehydroelectric and diesel generators. The underground mine has also been extensively developed, with the construction of 800kozboth shaft and portal and strategically placed development drives that access and further explore the gold-bearing ore.

The “Property, Plant, and Equipment” as of gold per annum31 December 2022, including lease assets, buildings and mine infrastructure, mining assets, mineral rights and dumps, decommissioning assets, capitalised exploration costs and deferred stripping, had a carrying value of $983 million (reported as attributable; 45% owned by treating 7.5Mtpa. AngloGold Ashanti).

Mineral processing
The current processing plant can treat both oxide and fresh sulphide material and is configured foruses flotation andwith ultra-fine grind of the flotation concentrate, a treatment that is required for the sulphide ore type before leaching. PowerKibali has a processing operation capable of producing an average of 730kozpa of gold for 10 years treating at least 7.2Mtpa throughput. The ore is blended using both KCD underground ore plus ore sourced from satellite open pits at Kibali.

Mineral Resource
Refer to the minebelow table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for Kibali at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,700/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters (Open Pit and Underground)” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ResourceCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
Kibali (45 percent)Measured7.22 3.18 22.97 0.74 
Indicated22.15 2.64 58.44 1.88 
Measured & Indicated29.37 2.77 81.41 2.62 
Inferred13.16 2.61 34.43 1.11 
Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. The Mineral Resource estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Resource at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is self generated by a combination of hydroelectric and diesel generators.detailed in the table below. To



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reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
1.All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and Ore Reserveother factors are coveredapplied.
2.Mineral Resource attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
3.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
4.Operated by exploitation permits (11447, 11467, 11468, 11469, 11470, 11471, 11472, 5052, 5073Barrick. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick. Based on a gold price of $1,700/oz.
5.Property currently in a production stage.
6.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters (Open Pit and 5088) totalling 1,836kmUnderground)”2. The Kibali Gold Mine was granted the 10 exploitation permits under the applicable DRC mining code, seven of which are valid until 2029 for additional information on cut-off grades and three of which are valid until 2030.metallurgical recovery.

Geology
Year on year changes in Mineral Resource - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Kibali
CategoryMeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated totalInferred
Previous Year0.78 1.76 2.54 0.89 
Depletion(0.01)— (0.01)— 
Exploration0.01 — 0.01 0.10 
Methodology— — — — 
Price0.03 0.16 0.19 0.13 
Cost(0.01)(0.02)(0.03)(0.02)
Geotechnical(0.07)(0.02)(0.09)— 
Metallurgical— 0.01 0.01 0.01 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — — 
Other— — — — 
Current Year0.74 1.88 2.62 1.11 
Net Difference(0.04)0.12 0.08 0.22 
% Difference(5)7 3 24 
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.

Changes were driven both by exploration and an increase in the Mineral Resource gold price from $1,500/oz as at 31 December 2021 to $1,700/oz as at 31 December 2022, with gains seen from the open pits, specifically Ikamva, Oere and Gorumbwa, as well as from continued definition of the 11000 lode in the KCD underground. A maiden underground Inferred Mineral Resource at Gorumbwa was also reported.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource

Key Parameters (Open Pit and Underground)
KibaliUnitOpen Pit
Costs
Waste cost$/tonne mined
2.92-3.09(1)
Extra Ore Cost – Grade Control + Ore – Rehandle + Overhaul$/tonne mined1.27 
Grade Control cost$/tonne mined0.75 
Dilution%10
Ore Loss%3
Processing cost$/tonne milled
15.04-17.85(1)
G&A$/tonne milled8.47 
Other Parameters
Gold Royalties (4.7%)$/oz70.50 
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF
86.1-90.1(1)
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t
0.6-0.7(1)



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KibaliUnitOpen Pit
Mineral Resource price$/oz
1,700 (2)
Notes:
AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.
(1) Vary according to rock type.
(2) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Resource reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary
          for Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,500, the gold price
          used to estimate the Mineral Resource in 2021).

KibaliUnitUnderground
Costs
Mine Production$/tonne ore mined36.17 
Capital$/tonne ore mined3.97
G&A$/tonne ore milled8.47
Processing cost$/tonne ore milled17.85
Other Parameters
Gold Royalties (4.7%)$/oz70.50
Mining cut-off gradeg/t1.62
Mineral Resource price$/oz
1,700 (1)
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF90 
Notes:
AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.
(1) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Resource reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary for
        Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,500, the gold price used
        to estimate the Mineral Resource in 2021).


Estimation
Mineral Resource estimation is undertaken by Barrick in-house technical experts or by approved external consultants. The results of both diamond drilling ("DD") and reverse circulation ("RC") drilling are used in the estimation process. 3D mineralised envelopes are established using grade and geology, and these are then statistically verified to confirm their validity for use in grade estimation. Appropriate domaining of homogeneous zones is conducted whereby high-grade central core areas are modelled separately from the lower-grade surrounding halos. Volumes are filled with block model cells and interpolated for density, rock type and grade – the latter using ordinary kriging.

Grade top cuts and restricted searches are applied to drill hole data to prevent the spread of high-grades during the estimation process. Drill hole spacing is used to guide the Mineral Resource classification. The open pit Mineral Resource is quoted within a limiting shell. The underground Mineral Resource is constrained by the application of optimised mineable Mineral Resource shapes, which applies reasonable mineability constraints including a minimum mining width, a reasonable distance from current or planned development, and a measure of assumed profitability at the related Mineral Resource cut-off grade.

Mineral Reserve
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Reserve for Kibali Gold Mine is located withinat the Moto Greenstone Belt, which consistsend of Archean Kibalian volcano-sedimentary rocksthe fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,300/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and ironstone-chert horizons thatprice estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ReserveCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
Kibali (45 percent)Proven14.49 3.47 50.33 1.62 
Probable29.17 3.15 91.86 2.95 
Total43.67 3.26 142.19 4.57 
Notes:
1.Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. The Mineral Reserve estimates with respect to our material properties have been metamorphosedprepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Reserve at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to greenschist facies.two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
2.Mineral Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
3.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.



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4.Operated by Barrick. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick. Open Pits and underground were based on a gold price of $1,300/oz, with the exception of the Pamoa Main pit (based on a gold price of $1,400/oz) and the Pamoa South pit (based on a gold price of $1,500/oz).
5.Property currently in a production stage.
6.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Year on year changes in Mineral Reserve - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Kibali
CategoryProvenProbableTotal
Previous Year1.74 2.59 4.33 
Depletion(0.28)(0.12)(0.40)
Exploration0.11 0.42 0.53 
Methodology— — — 
Price0.03 0.12 0.15 
Cost(0.01)(0.03)(0.04)
Geotechnical— — — 
Metallurgical— — — 
Operational0.03 — 0.03 
Other— (0.03)(0.03)
Acquisition / Disposal— — — 
Current Year1.62 2.95 4.57 
Net Difference(0.12)0.36 0.24 
% Difference(7)14 6 
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.

The combined Karagba, Chauffeurincrease in Mineral Reserve was primarily as a result of the conversion of the 11000 lode in the KCD underground, and Durba (KCD) deposit is hostgrowth in the Ikamva and Oere pits due to exploration successes. The gold price used for pit optimisation changed from $1,200/oz as at 31 December 2021 to $1,300/oz as at 31 December 2022 which also contributed to the majority ofincrease seen.

Material Assumptions for the currently definedMineral Reserve

Modifying factors and price estimates
as at 31 December 2022Kibali
Primary Commodity Price$/oz
1,300(1)(6)
Cut-off gradeg/t
1.50(3)(5); 1.96(4)
Stoping widthcm
2990(4)
Dilution%
2.0-12.5(4); 10(5)
Mining Recovery FactorMRF based on tonnes (%)
91.6(4); 97(5)
Mine Call FactorMCF (%)97
Metallurgical Recovery FactorMetRF (%)
89-90(2)
Notes:
AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have, relied on information provided by Barrick.
(1) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Reserve reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary for
           Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,200, the gold price
           used to estimate the Mineral Reserve in 2021).
(2) Vary according to rock type. (3) Stockpile.
(4) Underground.
(5) Open pit.
(6) Open Pits and underground were based on a gold price of $1,300/oz, with the exception of the Pamoa Main pit (based on a gold price
           of $1,400/oz) and the Pamoa South pit (based on a gold price of $1,500/oz).
Estimation
The open pit Mineral Reserve shell optimisations were run on the Mineral Resource models. The process incorporated the mining layout, operating factors, stripping ratio, relevant cut-off grades and Ore Reserve, as well asmodifying factors for



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reporting the currentMineral Reserve. An open pit underground interface was set at 5,685 metres relative level (“mRL") between the KCD open pit and underground mining operations. KCD is hosted within a mineralised corridor that also hosts the Sessenge, Gorumbwa and Pakaka deposits and a number of exploration prospects.mine.

A cut-off grade analysis of $1,300/oz was used to determine a cut-off grade of 1.96g/t for the underground mine. Longitudinal and transverse longhole open stoping methods with paste backfill are the current preferred mining methods. Underground stope designs were updated from the previously reported Mineral Reserve using the latest Mineral Resource models. Modifying factors for planned and unplanned rock dilution, backfill dilution and ore loss were applied to obtain the reported Mineral Reserve.

Metallurgical, environmental, social, legal, marketing and economic factors were adequately considered in the Kibali feasibility study and have been updated as the project has developed.

Map showing Kibali planned infrastructure and licences
Below is a map that shows Kibali infrastructure and licences, with the total mining lease area insert shown in the top right corner. The known depositscoordinates of the Kibali project are hosted along a reactivated thrust plane that creates plunging lodes of mineralisationmine, as exemplifiedrepresented by the KCD deposit. The majority of gold mineralisation identified to date is disseminated style, hosted within a sequence of coarse volcaniclasticplant, are depicted on the map and sedimentary rocks. The mineralisation is generally stratigraphically bound and associated with carbonate-silica-albite alteration with minor sulphide.are in the geographic coordinate system.




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au-20221231_g6.jpg

GHANA
Description
AngloGold Ashanti has two mines in Ghana:Ghana. Obuasi currently in a redevelopment phase,and Iduapriem are both wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti.

Obuasi is an underground mine andoperating at depths of up to 1,500m with a continuous history of mining dating back to the 1890s. Iduapriem is an open pit mine.

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103
Obuasi is located in the Ashanti region of southern Ghana, – Iduapriemapproximately 60km south of Kumasi. Mining was temporarily suspended at the end of 2014 while a series of economic studies progressed. Obuasi underground development restarted in the first half of 2019, with the first gold produced in December 2019. The ramp-up of the redevelopment project was delayed by the temporary stoppage of underground activities after a fall of ground incident in May 2021. Production remained suspended for several months to allow for reviews and investigations, but slowly resumed in the latter part of 2021.

DescriptionIduapriem is located in western Ghana, some 85km from the coast and south of Obuasi, near the town of Tarkwa.
Iduapriem, wholly owned
OBUASI
For additional information, refer to the Technical Report Summary for Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.5 hereto.

Property description
Obuasi is wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti and is a production stage property. All required mineral rights to the property are held by the Company. The mine is an underground operation, and it has been in operation since 1897 (more than 120 years). It has been operated by AngloGold Ashanti since 2004.

Location
The mine is in the municipality of Obuasi, in the Ashanti region of Ghana, about 240km northwest of the capital, Accra, and 60km south of Kumasi.

Mineralisation style
Geologically, Obuasi is in the Ashanti belt on the eastern margin of the Pre-Cambrian West African craton. This craton consists of Lower Proterozoic volcanic and flysch sediments which make up the Birimian system, overlain in part by the molasse sediments of the Middle Proterozoic Tarkwaian. The Ashanti belt is the most prominent of the five Birimian Supergroup gold belts found in Ghana.

Gold mineralisation is associated with shear zones and pervasive silica, carbonate and sulphide hydrothermal alteration which occur in tightly folded Lower Birimian schists, phyllites, meta-greywackes, and tuffs, along the eastern limb of the Kumasi anticlinorium. They are found near the contact with harder metamorphosed and metasomatically altered intermediate to basic upper Birimian volcanics. There are two broad styles of gold mineralisation including free milling quartz vein gold and sulphide-rich, disseminated and refractory gold which form alteration haloes around the quartz vein lodes. Sulphide mineralisation is dominated by arsenopyrite and quartz mineralisation, which is associated with spatially variable, but exceptionally high-grade visible gold in quartz veins.

History
Obuasi has a long mining history dating back to 1897. It has been owned and operated by various operators during this time. The current operator became involved in 2004 following the merger of former AngloGold Limited of South Africa and the Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited of Ghana. However, for several years leading up to 2014, the mine began to struggle due to ailing infrastructure and outdated methodologies. The company realised that significant rationalisation and/or replacement of current infrastructure would be necessary to enable the delivery of better utilisation and productivity metrics.

In 2014, a feasibility study commenced that considered the optimum mining methodology and schedules for the underground mine, based on modern mechanised mining methods and refurbishment of underground, surface and process plant infrastructure. During this time, Obuasi operated in a limited operating phase with underground activities essentially restricted to the continued development of the Obuasi deeps decline and underground infill drilling. The limited operating phase was brought to a halt after an incursion by illegal miners on Obuasi's concession in February 2016, at which point the mine was placed under care and maintenance. However, the study continued and in 2017, a favourable feasibility study was completed and indicated a strong technical and economic case with an anticipated 20-year life of mine ("LOM"). In 2018, approval was received from the AngloGold Ashanti board and the government of Ghana to proceed with the project.

The redevelopment project began in late 2018 and first gold was poured during the fourth quarter of 2019. Phase 1 of the redevelopment project was completed by the end of September 2007,2020, and the mine began commercial production on 1 October 2020. Phase 2 of the redevelopment project, which focused on construction and mine development, was completed in 2021. Phase 3 of the redevelopment project is situatedcurrently underway to develop the infrastructure necessary to support the planned ramp-up in production.




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Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Ghana—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Mining method
Obuasi is an underground operation, utilising both vertical shafts and declines as main access routes to the underground workings. The mine has seen extensive historical mining activities with varying applications of different mining methods to date. The current LOM design employs mostly the Long Hole Open Stoping ("LHOS") mining method for ore extraction. LHOS is a highly selective and productive method of mining that can be employed for orebodies of varying thicknesses and dips. The main distinct variations of the LHOS used at Obuasi are longitudinal retreat stoping (“LRS”), and transverse open stoping (“TOS”). The blind upper stoping is a form of LRS or TOS used for partial sill pillar recovery.

Processing plants and other available facilities
All significant surface activities, including ore processing, environmental management and community engagement are carried out by Obuasi staff. Existing infrastructure includes a recently refurbished and upgraded 2.2Mtpa processing plant with flotation and bacterial oxidation ("BIOX"), extensive underground development, hoisting shafts and associated infrastructure, mine ventilation and refrigeration facilities, emergency standby power and water reticulation, office complexes, workshops, and company housing estates. Power is supplied to the mine by the Volta River Authority and Ghana Grid Company Limited (“GRIDCo”). There is a focus mine development plan supported by the existing infrastructure, and ongoing upgrades of critical underground infrastructure to sustain the operations. The mine can be accessed by paved road network from Kumasi and by road or chartered air transport from the capital, Accra. For the number of persons employed at the mine, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Operating Performance—Africa Region”.

The “Property, Plant, and Equipment” as of 31 December 2022, including buildings and mine infrastructure, mining assets, decommissioning assets and assets under construction, had a carrying value of $1,009 million.

Mineral processing
The plant is configured for both conventional and flash flotation and BIOX treatment which is required for the refractory sulphide ore. The gravity gold recovery system is also integrated with Knelson concentrators and inline leach reactors.

Mineral Resource
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for Obuasi at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,750/oz for underground and $1,600 for open pit Mineral Resource. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ResourceCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
ObuasiMeasured1.96 8.44 16.59 0.53 
Indicated27.66 6.06 167.59 5.39 
Measured & Indicated29.63 6.22 184.18 5.92 
Inferred39.80 8.50 338.17 10.87 
Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. The Mineral Resource estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Resource at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
1.All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Open pit based on a gold price of $1,600/oz, underground based on a gold price of $1,750/oz.







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Year on year changes in Mineral Resource - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
CategoryMeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated totalInferred
Previous Year0.66 5.84 6.50 12.05 
Depletion— — — — 
Exploration— — — (0.06)
Methodology0.02 0.28 0.30 (0.53)
Price0.02 0.58 0.60 1.11 
Cost(0.17)(0.97)(1.14)(1.31)
Geotechnical— — — — 
Metallurgical— — — — 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — — 
Other— (0.33)(0.33)(0.37)
Current Year0.53 5.39 5.92 10.87 
Net Difference(0.12)(0.45)(0.57)(1.17)
% Difference(19)(8)(9)(10)
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The decrease in Mineral Resource is mainly due to depletion attributed to mining from Sansu, and Blocks 8 and 10 and an increase in costs which resulted in higher cut-off grades as well as the sterilisation of stopes in the depletion process. The decrease was partially offset by model changes primarily from the inclusion of new drilling data from ongoing operational drilling activities and the increase in Mineral Resource price.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource

Key Parameters
ObuasiUnitUnderground
Costs
Mining cost$/tonne mined
64.26-79.44(1)
Processing cost$/tonne treated42.57
G&A$/tonne treated21.96
Other Parameters
Royalties%3.0
MSO(2) optimising cut-off
g/t
3.43-3.75(1)
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t
3.43-3.75(1)
Mineral Resource price$/oz
1,600-1,750(3)(4)
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF87
Notes:
(1) Vary according to area.
(2) Datamine Mineable Shape Optimiser ("MSO").
(3) Open pit based on a gold price of $1,600/oz, Underground based on a gold price of $1,750/oz.
(4) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Resource reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary
          for Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.5 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,500, the gold
          price used to estimate the Mineral Resource in 2021).

Estimation
The estimation technique is ordinary kriging and the primary estimation unit size is 20m x 5m x 15m. This estimation unit size is representative of the underground mining units and is considered appropriate given the style of mineralisation and mining methods. Compositing by length is employed and the influence of extreme grades is restricted by grade capping. Sample spacing is highly variable across the deposit and ranges from 10m x 10m (for grade control areas) up to 200m x 200m (for exploration targets). However, for the Mineral Resource, the maximum extrapolation from data points is 100m. Any areas beyond this are not classified and are considered to be upside potential rather than Mineral Resource.





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Mineral Reserve
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph D(1) of Item 1304 ofRegulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Reserve for Obuasi at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,400/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ReserveCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
ObuasiProven4.47 9.55 42.73 1.37 
Probable21.25 9.26 196.67 6.32 
Total25.72 9.31 239.40 7.70 
Notes:
1.Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. The Mineral Reserve estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Reserve at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Based on a gold price of $1,400/oz.

Year on year changes in Mineral Reserve - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
CategoryProvenProbableTotal
Previous Year1.19 7.08 8.26 
Depletion(0.23)— (0.23)
Exploration— (0.77)(0.77)
Methodology0.54 — 0.54 
Price0.11 1.49 1.60 
Cost(0.23)(1.48)(1.71)
Geotechnical— — — 
Metallurgical— — — 
Operational— — — 
Other— — — 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — 
Current Year1.37 6.32 7.70 
Net Difference0.19 (0.75)(0.57)
% Difference16 (11)(7)
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The key changes were primarily associated with depletion, exploration, block model changes, and economic parameters. Depletion was mainly due to mining, while exploration changes were as a result of Mineral Resource drilling. This was offset by changes in the block model methodology involving estimation parameters, interpretations, classification and density. The economic factors that also influenced the changes to the Obuasi Mineral Reserve included an increased gold price assumption which was partially offset by an increase in mining cost and sustaining capital.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve

Modifying factors and price estimates
as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
Primary Commodity Price$/oz
1400(1)
Cut-off gradeg/t
4.29-4.69(2)



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as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
Dilution%
12-17(2)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on tonnes
95-98(2)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on g/t100
Mine Call Factor%MCF100
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF87
Notes:
(1) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Reserve reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary
          for Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.5 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,200, the gold
          price used to estimate the Mineral Reserve in 2021).
(2) Vary according to area.

Estimation
The Mineral Reserve estimation considers mining criteria for the economic cut-off grade and minimum mining width for the anticipated mining method. All design and scheduling work is undertaken to an applicable level of detail by mine planning engineers in consultation with other technical specialists using Datamine Studio UGTM and Enhanced Production SchedulerTM ("EPS") software.

The cut-off grade parameters used include projected mining, processing, and general and administrative costs. A Mineral Reserve gold price of $1,400/oz was used. The cut-off grade also considers the metallurgical recovery factor (87 percent applied for all blocks), mining dilution and recovery, tonne-kilometre haulage cost from all blocks, as well as the backfill type.

Stopes are designed using the Datamine Mineable Shape Optimiser ("MSO") Software where the outputs are further optimised by manual edits. The stope shapes are generated at section intervals of 15m to 20m based on geotechnical guidance for each block. The MSO allows the class field to be assigned to each stope generated. The mine design is reviewed taking into consideration the updated stope shapes, existing development and future infrastructure need. A LOM plan is generated which considers fleet and infrastructure capacities. All mining blocks are designed for the LHOS mining method. The Mineral Reserve is reported from the LOM plan and only includes Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource.

Map showing Obuasi planned infrastructure and licences
Below is a map that shows the location, infrastructure and mining licence area for Obuasi. The coordinates of the mine, as represented by the plant, are depicted on the map and are in the geographic coordinate system.





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au-20221231_g7.jpg



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IDUAPRIEM
Property description
Iduapriem mine is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti and a production stage property. The mine is a multiple open pit operation that currently sources ore from the Block 3W, Block 5, Ajopa, and Blocks 7 and 8 pits.

Location
The mine is located in the western region of Ghana, some 70km north of the coastal city of Takoradi and approximately 10km southwest of the town of Tarkwa. The Iduapriem mine is bordered to the north by Gold Fields Ghana Limited (Tarkwa Mine) and to the east by the Ghana Manganese Company Limited (a manganese mine in existence since the 1920s).

IduapriemMineralisation style
There are four recognised conglomerate reefs namely A, B, C and D, which are equivalent to the Tarkwaian Sub-basal, Basal (or Main), Middle (or West), and Breccia Reefs, respectively. The B and C Reefs are oligomictic and consist of well-sorted conglomerates and have been mined underground in some areas more than a century ago. The A and D Reefs have a lower gold tenor and are polymictic, containing both well-rounded and angular fragments. Gold is found within the matrix that binds the pebbles together. The gold content is a multiple open pitfunction of the size and amount (packing) of quartz pebbles present within a conglomeratic unit. The gold is fine-grained, particulate and free-milling.


Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Ghana—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Surface infrastructure associated with Iduapriem’s operation that currently sources ore fromincludes a primary crusher, overland conveyor, CIL processing plant next to the Ajopamain office building, a TSF and Block 7four camp areas for contractors and 8 pits. The Iduapriem treatment plant has two semi-autogenous grinding mills and two ball mills which run in two parallel circuits, each with a semi-autogenous grinding mill and a ball mill. The carbon-in-pulp plant has a capacity of 5.1Mtpa.company employees. Tarkwa town is also adjacent to the tenement. Power is supplied to the mine by the Volta River Authority (VRA) and GRIDCo.

Mineral processing
The current processing plant treats free-milling material from open pit mining, by a conventional crush with a semi-autogenous ball milling circuit and cyanide leach. Iduapriem comprisesoperates a two-stage crushing circuit consisting of a Metso Superior MKIII primary gyratory crusher and two GP550 gyratory crushers for secondary crushing. The Iduapriem treatment plant has two semi-autogenous grinding mills ("SAG mills") and two ball mills which run in two parallel circuits,each with a SAG mill and a ball mill. The second ball mill, a new thickener, a cluster of cyclones and a Knelson concentrator were commissioned in March 2009. In July 2017, three of the Iduapriem, Ajopa, Ajopa Southfour leach tanks were converted into CIL tanks by introducing carbon into the each of the tanks with the installation of inter-tank screens and Teberebie mining leases on a 139.67km2 concession. The renewalcarbon recovery screens. Carbon for elution is harvested from one of all four mining leases has been obtainedthe leach tanks to the acid wash column, and these leases are valid until February 2035.the carbon recovery screen underflow is pumped back to the leach tanks.

Geology
The Iduapriem and Teberebie properties are located along the southern end of the Tarkwa basin. The mineralisation is contained in the Banket Series of quartz pebble conglomerates, breccia conglomerates and metasediments within the Proterozoic Tarkwaian System. The outcropping Banket Series of rocks in the mine area form prominent, arcuate ridges extending southwards from Tarkwa, westwards through Iduapriem and northwards towards Teberebie. The gold is hosted within the conglomerates.GUINEA

Ghana - ObuasiSIGUIRI

DescriptionProperty description
Obuasi, wholly ownedSiguiri is AngloGold Ashanti’s only operation in the Republic of Guinea. The mine is co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti since 2004, is located in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, some 260 kilometres north-west of the capital Accra(85 percent) and approximately 60 kilometres south of Kumasi.

Mining operations are primarily underground, to a depth of 1.5 kilometres. Obuasi started production in 1897, was placed on limited operations towards the end of 2014, and on care and maintenance from 2016. Some aspects of the mine continued under limited operational conditions, including the development of the underground decline. A favourable feasibility study was completed in 2017 and indicated a strong technical and economical case with an anticipated 20-year mine life. In 2018, the AngloGold Ashanti board approved a redevelopment project to establish Obuasi as a modern, efficient, mechanised, underground operation. The project commenced in late 2018 and the first gold was poured late in 2019.

Phase 1 of the project, which set up the plant to achieve a daily processing rate of 2,000t per day of ore, was completed as of 1 October 2020. The impact of COVID-19 caused some construction delays and continues to have a knock-on effect on Phase 2 of the project. Phase 2 construction was near complete as of December 2020. In the first half of 2021, Phase 2 will ramp up plant capacity to 4,000t per day of ore or 1.4Mtpa. Phase 1 and 2 works also consisted of underground development, hoisting shafts and associated infrastructure, power and water reticulation, workshops and company housing estates. Power is supplied to the mine by the VRA and GRIDCo, although the company has completed additional emergency power generation capacity as part of Phase 1 and 2 construction works. In mid-2021, Phase 3 project works will move forward, concentrating on underground and surface underground infrastructure such as fans materials handling systems as part of ongoing capital works.

The Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve are covered by the Obuasi Concession comprising 152.6km2 and the Binsere Concession parts 1, 2 and 3 comprising 48.86km2. The mining concessions, which expire on 5 March 2054, are covered by a Development Agreement and Tax Concession Agreement with the government of Ghana.

Geology
Guinea (15 percent). The gold deposits at Obuasi are part ofmine is a prominent gold belt of Proterozoic (Birimian) volcano-sedimentary and igneous formations which extend for a distance of approximately 300 kilometres in a north-east/south-west trend in southwestern Ghana. Obuasi mineralisation is shear-zone related and there are three main structural trends hosting gold mineralisation: the Obuasi trend, the Gyabunsu trend and the Binsere trend.

Two main ore types are mined:
•quartz veins which consist mainly of quartz with free gold in association with lesser amounts of various metal sulphides of iron, zinc, lead and copper. The gold particles are generally coarse-grained and occasionally visible to the naked eye. This ore type is generally non-refractory; and
•sulphide ore which is characterised by the inclusion of goldconventional open pit operation situated in the crystal structureSiguiri district in the northeast of a sulphide material. The gold in these ores is fine-grained and often locked in arsenopyrite. Higher gold grades tend to be associated with finer grained arsenopyrite crystals. Other prominent minerals include quartz, chlorite and sericite. Sulphide ore is generally refractory.




101
REPUBLIC OF GUINEA (GUINEA)
Description
Siguiri Gold Mine is AngloGold Ashanti’s sole operation in Guinea.

Guinea - Siguiri
Description
Siguiri Gold Mine is 85 percent owned anda production stage property, operated by AngloGold AshantiAshanti. Gold-bearing ore is mined from several pits (generally three pits at any one time). Mining occurs primarily in Kami and 15 percent byBidini pits in Block 1, as well as Saraya pit in Block 2. The pre-feasibility study level of work on the government of Guinea. geotechnical design for Sanutinti pit is ongoing.

Location
Siguiri is located approximately 850 kilometres850km north-northeast of Conakry, 25 kilometres25km northwest of the town of Siguiri and 220 kilometres southwest220km southeast of the Malian capital Bamako, near the Malian border.






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Mineralisation style
Siguiri is currently a multi-pit fresh rock and oxide gold mining operation, operated by a contract miner. Processingsituated in the northern part of the Siguiri Basin of Guinea, and is underlain by Lower Proterozoic rocks of the Birimian metasedimentary and volcano-sedimentary formations. Primary gold mineralisation occurs in all three lithostratigraphic units of the Siguiri region, although most of the known mineralisation is found in the central and more competent Fatoya Formation. In some deposits, the mineralisation shows strong lithological control and is preferentially developed in coarser-grained units with higher fracture or vein densities than fine-grained rocks. Mineralised veins are more intensely developed along major structural trends, with quartz-carbonate-sulphide veining developed along structures. Some of these structures have developed as incipient faults and are represented by discrete stockworks of mineralised quartz-carbonate veins occurring along a trend instead of clearly defined continuous structures.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Guinea—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Siguiri includes a processing plant, a TSF, and other infrastructure such as a mine village, a water supply system, roads, power supply by on-site generators and communications systems. Additional infrastructure includes on-site offices, accommodation and workshops to support remote mining. Power to the mine is self-generated using heavy fuel oil.

The town of Siguiri can be accessed via a small airfield and a well-paved road that connects Siguiri to Bamako in the north and Kouroussa in the south. Access to the mine via roads and to Siguiri is easily passable through most of the year, although some secondary roads are seasonal with limited access during the wet season. While Siguiri encounters encroachment of villages onto, and artisanal and small-scale mining invasion in, its mining areas as well as increasing community demands and expectations, mitigation plans are in place to significantly reduce the impact of these issues.

Mineral processing
The mined ore is done byprocessed using a hybrid carbon-in-leach (CIL)CIL circuit processing plant converted from carbon-in-pulp (CIP) in 2018. The plant is capable of treating 50%and can treat 50 percent hard ore post the commissioningpost-commissioning of a new ball mill and 3 stagethree-stage crushing plant in 2019. Unit operations include comminution, leaching, carbon adsorption and desorption, smelting and tailings disposal. Further modification of three leach tanks to CIL tanks was carried out in the firstfourth quarter of 2019. Power for2020, giving a total of seven tanks in the hybrid circuit. The combination plant treats up to 50 percent fresh rock and 50 percent soft ore, with a total throughput of 11.4Mt per annum. The recovery of Bidini, which has been impacted by the presence of carbonaceous ore and the performance of the combination plant to achieve the required mill throughput and recovery, could have an impact on the economic extraction of the estimated Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve until the plant stabilises. There are mitigation plans in place to address any TSF capacity issues and the mine is self-generated.

Siguiri is mined under licence from the government of Guinea. The Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve are covered by SAG mining concession D/97/171/PRG/SGG, totalling 1,494.5km2. The original SAG concession was granted under the Convention de Base between the République de Guinée and SAG signed on 4 August 1997. The concession is to be explored and mined exclusively for gold, silver and diamonds by SAG for 25 years from the date of the agreement, until 4 August 2022. An updated concession was negotiated with the government in 2016. The Convention de Base will guide the renewal of the mining concession in 2022. The SAG concession was granted under a new amended Convention de Base between the République de Guinée and SAG signed on 28 June 2016 and ratified by the Guinean parliament on 13 December 2016. The Convention de Base was ratified by the constitutional court and published in the Journal Officiel of the Republic of Guinea on 24 January 2017. Dependent on the submission of the necessary renewal documentation on, or before, 4 March 2022, the concession is to be explored and mined exclusively for gold, silver and diamonds by SAG for 25 years from the date of agreement to 13 December 2041.

Geology
The concession is dominated by Proterozoic Birimian rocks which consist of turbidite facies sedimentary sequences. The two main types of gold deposits which occur in the Siguiri basin and are mined are:
•laterite mineralisation (CAP) which occurs as surficial aprons of colluvium or as palaeo‑channels of alluvial lateritic gravel adjacent to, and immediately above in-situ deposits; and
•in-situ quartz-vein related mineralisation hosted in meta-sediments with the better mineralisation associated with vein stockworks that occurs preferentially in the coarser, brittle siltstones and sandstones.

The mineralised rocks have been deeply weathered to below 100 metres in places to form saprolite mineralisation (oxide). With the percentage of available oxide ore decreasing, a feasibility study to investigate the exploitation of fresh rock material was completed in December 2015. The CIL combination plant conversion project began in 2017. The plant conversion will allow the mine to treat six million tonnes of hard rock ore and six million tonnes of oxide ore. Construction was completed in March 2019 and the project is now concluded.also doing further optimisation work.

TANZANIA
Description
GEITA
For additional information, see the Technical Report Summary for Geita Gold Mine is wholly owned by AngloGold Ashanti and is AngloGold Ashanti's sole operation in Tanzania.(effective date: 31 December 2022) filed as Exhibit 19.15.4 hereto.

Tanzania - GeitaProperty description
Description
The Geita Gold Mine(“GGM”), one of AngloGold Ashanti’s flagship mines, is located in northwestern Tanzania, in the Lake Victoria goldfields of the Mwanza region, of Tanzania, about 120 kilometres120km from Mwanza and 4km west of Mwanza, four kilometres away from the town of Geita. The Geita gold deposits are mined as a multiple open pit and 910kmunderground operation, with ore production from Star and Comet, Nyankanga and Geita Hill underground mines, and from Nyamulilima open pit. The mine is currently serviced by a CIL processing plant with an annual capacity of 5.2Mt.

GGM is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti. GGM currently has three underground mines (Star and Comet, Nyankanga and Geita Hill) and one open pit (Nyamulilima Cuts 1, 2 and 3) which is in production since 2021. The property is currently in a production stage.

Location
GGM is located approximately 1,200km from the main Tanzanian commercial citybusiness centre of Dar es Salaam. It has beenfalls within the Lake Zone of northwestern Tanzania, approximately 120km west of Mwanza and 4km west of the town of Geita. The mining lease area falls within the Archaean Sukumaland Greenstone Belt of the Lake Victoria goldfields.




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Mineralisation style
Geita is hosted in the Geita Greenstone Belt, which is a northern segment of the Sukumaland Greenstone Belt, located in the north-western part of the Tanzania Craton and south of Lake Victoria. Gold mineralisation occurred late in the tectonic history of the greenstone belt, synchronous with the development of brittle-ductile shear zones. Mineralisation is dominantly sulfide replacement of magnetite-rich layers in ironstone, with local replacement of ferromagnesian phases and magnetite in the diorite intrusions. Primary gold mineralisation is associated with the intersection of the brittle-ductile shear zones and pre-existing fold hinges, with higher grade concentrations associated with banded iron formation lithologies and with diorite dyke and sill contacts.

History
Gold mineralisation is reported to be first discovered in the Geita district in 1898 by a German prospector. A regional survey by a Kenyan company, Saragura Prospecting Syndicate, followed in 1930. The first mine was developed in 1934, and between 1936 and 1966, Geita was the largest gold mine in East Africa, producing 1Moz of gold from underground operations.

In 1996, Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited acquired the Geita tenure through the acquisition of Cluff Resources, and acquired the Kukuluma and Matandani in 1998 from Samax Resources Limited. In December 2000, Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited reached an agreement to sell a 50 percent interest in Geita to AngloGold Limited for $324 million. AngloGold Limited added its neighbouring Nyamulilima Hill deposits into the JV company. In 2004, the merger of AngloGold Limited and Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited resulted in the operation since 1996.being wholly run by the combined company AngloGold Ashanti.

GGM commenced open pit mining in 1999, with open pit mining at Nyankanga between 1999 and 2020, at Geita Hill between 2001 and 2019, at Kukuluma and Matandani between 2002 and 2007, and at Star and Comet between 2007 and 2014. In 2015, a decision was taken to go underground at Star and Comet, and the underground development started in 2016. In 2017, the Nyankanga underground operation commenced and in 2020 the Geita Hill underground commenced and is scheduled to ramp up to full production by the end of 2023.

The Nyankanga open pit, the only remaining operating pit at the time, was mined to completion in September 2020. In April 2021, the Nyamulilima open pit commenced operations.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Tanzania—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Mining method
Mining at Geita is byuses both open pit and underground mining methods. Historically, other pits such as Star and Comet, Matandani and Kukuluma have contributed to the ore feed. Current sources of ore are from the NyankangaThe Nyamulilima open pit mine stockpile (wherecommenced production in April 2021 and reached full production during 2022. Open pit mining ended in September 2020)is by conventional truck and Starshovel methods, where production mining equipment is operated by GGM with Capital Mining Services Tanzania Limited providing production and Cometgrade control drilling services, and Nyankanga underground mines. In 2016, undergroundOrica providing blasting and explosives services. Underground mining commenced at Star and Comet in 2016 and subsequently at Nyankanga in 2017, and most recently Geita Hill in 2020. Star and Comet underground has successfully transitioned to provide oreowner mining and the mining contractor African Underground Mining Services is used at Nyankanga and Geita Hill for underground development and stoping. The underground mining method is a combination of LOS and TOS. Cemented aggregate fill backfill is used at Nyankanga to fill the primary stopes and allows for the mining of secondary stopes. Ore is hauled from the Nyamulilima open pit (22km) and from Star and Comet (17km), Nyankanga (4km) and Geita Hill (2km) underground operations to the processing plant. This was joined in 2017central run-of-mine ("ROM") pad by the Nyankanga underground operations. The Geita Gold Mine is currently serviced by an average ofsurface mining fleet.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Surface infrastructure associated with the overall Geita operation includes a 5.2Mtpa CIL processing plant.plant, a TSF, a camp, an airstrip, open pit and underground workshops and offices, contractor yards, backfill plants and explosives suppliers. Power to the mine is self-generated at Geita's 40MW power plant using diesel generators, however, there is planned construction of a 33kV hydropower station by Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited ("TANESCO"). The physical condition of the equipment, facilities, and infrastructure at GGM is generally considered to be in good working order. The mine has invested heavily in maintaining and upgrading its assets to ensure they remain reliable and efficient. The underground development of the mine has also been extensively developed, with the construction of a number of portals, declines and strategically placed development drives that access and further explore the gold-bearing ore. Overall, the GGM is a well-established operation implementing fit-for-purpose technologies once proven in the market. For the number of persons employed at the mine, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Operating Performance—Africa Region”.



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The “Property, Plant, and Equipment” as of 31 December 2022, including lease assets, buildings and mine infrastructure, mining assets, capitalised exploration costs, decommissioning assets, assets under construction and deferred stripping, had a carrying value of $418m.

Mineral processing
Geita’s ore processing method is a conventional CIL process with a throughput capacity of 5.2Mtpa. The circuit contains a primary gyratory crusher, secondary and tertiary crushers, a semi-autogenousSAG mill, a ball mill and 12 leach tanks. This is coupled with a gravity circuit using two knelsonKnelson concentrators. In planning the plant feed blend material, hardness grade, oxide and sulphide content are considered in order to optimise throughput and recovery. Power to the mine is self-generated.

Mineral Resource
The special mining licence (SML45/99) covers approximately 196.17km2 and expires on 26 August 2024. There are a further 120km2below table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (D)(1) of prospecting licences inItem 1304 of Regulation S-K, summarises the immediate vicinity togold Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for Geita at the special mining licence which do not contain any Ore Reserve. In March 2020, Geita Gold Mining Limited received the consentend of the Ministerfiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of Minerals$1,750/oz. Refer to change “—Material Assumptions for the mining method under its special mining license from open pit to underground method, subject to the requisite termsMineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and conditions.metallurgical recovery.
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Geology
Mineral ResourceCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
GeitaMeasured1.80 4.15 7.50 0.24 
Indicated40.32 2.03 81.96 2.63 
Measured & Indicated42.12 2.12 89.45 2.88 
Inferred36.21 2.64 95.71 3.08 
Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. The Mineral Resource estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Resource at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
1.All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Based on a gold price of $1,750/oz.

Year on year changes in Mineral Resource - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Geita
CategoryMeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated totalInferred
Previous Year0.21 1.87 2.08 3.26 
Depletion— — — — 
Exploration0.02 0.09 0.11 0.12 
Methodology0.03 0.49 0.52 (0.57)
Price0.01 0.17 0.18 0.19 
Cost(0.03)0.19 0.16 0.07 
Geotechnical— — — — 
Metallurgical— 0.02 0.02 0.02 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — — 
Other— (0.20)(0.20)— 
Current Year0.24 2.63 2.88 3.08 
Net Difference0.03 0.77 0.80 (0.18)
% Difference16 41 38 (6)
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The terrainincrease is Archaeanlargely as a result of exploration success due to accelerated drilling activities because of the planned reinvestment, and changes in agemethodology were as a result of revised estimation parameters, and generally characterised by greenschist metamorphism, although amphibolitic metamorphism occursrefined ore wireframes. The increase in places. Ore zones are usually associated with Banded Iron Formation (BIF) or other iron rich rocksthe Mineral Resource price and typically when they arefavourable cost reductions in contact with intrusive rocks such as diorites. These contacts have been deformed and act as fluid pathways for the mineralising fluids. Gold mineralisation is associated with alteration that includes sulphides such as pyrite and arsenopyrite, whilst other minerals such as hematite, magnetite, quartz, calcite, dolomite, biotite and chlorite also occur.open pit haulage, general



THE AMERICAS113

and administrative expenses and new underground contract rates led to lower cut-off grades resulting in additional Mineral Resource, which was partially offset by depletion.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource

Key Parameters
GeitaUnitOpen Pit
Costs
Ore mining cost$/tonne mined3.3
Waste mining cost$/tonne mined3.3
Material handling$/tonne mined2.03
Processing cost$/tonne treated18.63
G&A$/tonne treated8.43
Other Parameters
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF89
Slope anglesdegree55
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t0.65
Mineral Resource price$/oz1,750 
Royalties%7.3 

GeitaUnitUnderground
Costs
Production (Mining cost)$/tonne ore mined
47.68-82.88(1)
Mine Services$/tonne ore mined21.97-25.78(1)
Processing cost$/tonne treated
18.46-19.11(2)
Other Parameters
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t
1.86-3.01(2)
Mineral Resource price$/oz1,750 
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF
70.4-91.4(1)
Royalties%7.3 
Notes:
(1) Mining cost includes backfilling at Nyankanga, and material handling costs. (2) Variable according to area.
(3) %MetRF: Ridge 8, 70.4%, Star and Comet Cut 5, 80.4%, Star and Comet Cut 2, 88.3%, Star and Comet Cut 3, 88.4%,
           Geita Hill 87.2%, Nyankanga Block 5, 89.8%, Nyankanga Block 1, 2, 3 and 4, 91.4%.
(4) Datamine Mineable Shape Optimiser ("MSO").

Estimation
For the open pits, mineralisation boundaries for the individual deposits are defined from detailed logging of all geological drill holes. This information is validated and then geological wireframes are interpreted to create a 3D geological model. The Americas includes mining operationsgeological model is subsequently used in two countries, Brazilconjunction with an appropriately dimensioned block model. Ordinary kriging is used to interpolate values into block models, and Argentina, advanced greenfields projects in Colombiauniform conditioning ("UC") and exploration activitieslocalised uniform conditioning ("LUC") methods are used to generate a recoverable Mineral Resource block model, which estimates the proportion of ore that occurs above the Mineral Resource cut-off grade assuming a specified SMU. The open pit Mineral Resource is reported within a $1,750/oz optimised pit shell and above the calculated mineralised waste cut-off grade per pit.

For the underground Mineral Resource, the geological model is generated in the United States. Miningsame way as for the open pits. However, a high-grade wireframe is from both open pitdelineated within the broader, lower-grade mineralised envelope. In this instance, all geological controls are adhered to when determining this domain. Ordinary kriging models are then constructed within the low- and high-grade domains, and numerous validation exercises are completed to ensure robust estimates are achieved. The underground with AGA Mineração Cuiabá and Lamego beingMineral Resource is reported inside a MSO volume generated using a unique underground mines and Cerro Vanguardia, Serra Grande and AGA Mineração Córrego do Sítio being a combination of open pit and underground mines.cut-off grade for each deposit.




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The ultimate open pit designs are used as the limiting boundaries between the open pits and underground during model compilation. The underground stopes and development are evaluated using the ordinary kriging block models and the open pit designs are evaluated using the LUC block models.

Stockpiled material above mineralised waste cut-off grade is included in the Mineral Resource.

Mineral Reserve
The below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, summarises the gold Mineral Reserve for Geita at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,400/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ReserveCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
GeitaProven9.54 1.02 9.70 0.31 
Probable38.95 2.60 101.19 3.25 
Total48.49 2.29 110.89 3.57 
Notes:
1.Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. The Mineral Reserve estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Reserve at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Based on a gold price of $1,400/oz.

Year on year changes in Mineral Reserve - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Geita
CategoryProvenProbableTotal
Previous Year0.09 2.55 2.65 
Depletion(0.06)(0.49)(0.55)
Exploration— 0.87 0.87 
Methodology— — — 
Price— 0.40 0.40 
Cost0.18 0.06 0.25 
Geotechnical— — — 
Metallurgical— — — 
Operational0.04 (0.10)(0.06)
Other0.06 (0.04)0.02 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — 
Current Year0.31 3.25 3.57 
Net Difference0.22 0.70 0.92 
% Difference241 27 35 
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The increase is mainly due to ongoing exploration drilling success resulting in larger pit designs at Nyamulilima and in the first-time reporting of the Geita Hill underground Mineral Reserve based on a feasibility study currently being completed. An increase in the Mineral Reserve price and reduced costs mostly by reductions in hauling cost on surface and contractor rates is partially offset by depletion and operational changes.








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Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve

Modifying factors and price estimates
as at 31 December 2022Geita
Primary Commodity Price$/oz1,400 
Cut-off gradeg/t
0.70(2)-4.20(3)
Stoping widthcm
450-2,500(3)
Dilution%
11.6(2);10-17(3)
Resource Modification Factor%RMF based on tonnes
99.5(2)-100(3)
Resource Modification Factor%RMF based on g/t
93(2)-100(3)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on tonnes
86-100(1)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on g/t
86-100(1)
Mine Call Factor%MCF100
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF
80.4-91.4(1)
Notes:
(1) Vary according to rock type / area. (2) Open pit. (3) Underground.

Estimation
The Mineral Resource models are used as the basis for Mineral Reserve estimation. Input parameters for estimating the Mineral Reserve include gold price, mining dilution and recovery, geotechnical information, stay-in-business capital, operating costs, metallurgical recovery, processing capacity and mining equipment capacities.

Appropriate Mineral Reserve cut-off grades are applied and optimised pit shells are generated for the open pit sources. Pit designs are then done on selected shells and signed off by all relevant parties to ensure compliance to specifications. Underground designs are completed and evaluated. These designs are incorporated into the production and treatment scheduling stages to yield ore tonnes and grades. Financial evaluations are completed for production and treatment schedules to check the cash flow analysis from the estimated Mineral Reserve.

The Mineral Reserve for Geita's operating and prospective pits, as well as underground mine areas is estimated using updated economic factors, latest Mineral Resource models, geological, geotechnical, mining engineering and metallurgical parameters. Environmental, sociopolitical, legal and regulatory factors are also considered.

Map showing Geita planned infrastructure and licences
Below is a map that shows the location, infrastructure and mining license area for Geita. The coordinates of the mine, as represented by the plant, are depicted on the map and are in the geographic coordinate system.



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au-20221231_g8.jpg




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AMERICAS
The Americas region includes the mining jurisdictions Brazil and Argentina, in which AngloGold Ashanti has three operations. In Argentina, the Company has one mining operation: the Cerro Vanguardia Mine, co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5%) and Fomento Minero de Santa Cruz Sociedad del Estado (“Fomicruz SE”) (7.5%). In Brazil, the Company has two mining operations: (i) the AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do Sítio Mineração operations (“AGA Mineração”) which include the Cuiabá, Lamego and Córrego do Sítio (“CdS”) mines, and (ii) Mineração Serra Grande (“Serra Grande”).

ARGENTINA
Description
CERRO VANGUARDIA
Property description
Cerro Vanguardia, in which AngloGold Ashanti has a 92.5 percent stake,production stage gold-silver operation, is ourthe Company’s sole operation in Argentina. Fomicruz, a state company, owns the remaining 7.5 percent. The operationmine is operated by AngloGold Ashanti.

Argentina - Cerro Vanguardia
Description
Cerro Vanguardia S.A. ("CVSA"), which is located approximately 110 kilometres north-northwest of the coastal town of Puerto San Juliana company formed by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5%) and Fomicruz SE, a state-owned company operating in the province of Santa Cruz.Cruz (7.5%). The climate is semi-arid and although snow does occur, winter is mild and exploration activities are normally possible all year round. Cerro Vanguardia is a gold-silver mine withoperates multiple small open pits with high stripping ratios and multiple narrow-vein underground mines located at different parts ofwithin the property butand mined simultaneously. Cerro Vanguardia has been in operation for more than 20 years. Silver is produced as a by-product.

Location
Cerro Vanguardia commencedis located in the Santa Cruz province, southern Patagonia, Argentina, approximately 110km north-northwest of the coastal town of Puerto San Julián. Access to the area is by aircraft from Buenos Aires to Comodoro Rivadavia (380km) or Rio Gallegos (510km) and then by road to the mine site.

Mineralisation style
Cerro Vanguardia is in the core of the 60,000km2 Deseado Massif, one of the most extensive volcanic complexes in southern Patagonia. The Deseado Massif is deposited over Paleozoic low-grade metamorphic basement rocks. The mineralisation is concentrated in steeply-dipping quartz veins that cut the flat-lying ignimbrites and volcanoclastic rocks. The Cerro Vanguardia district contains more than 100 gold and silver-bearing epithermal veins for a cumulative exposed vein strike extension of more than 240km, of which 55 veins are currently known to contain economic gold and silver mineralisation. The veins at Cerro Vanguardia consist mainly of quartz and adularia and contain minor electrum, native gold, silver sulphides and native silver as an open pit operationfine-grained disseminations.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Argentina—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Infrastructure for Cerro Vanguardia is mostly located on-site. It includes a camp site with a capacity of 1,300 people, a Merrill Crowe plant, heap leaching facilities, cyanide recycling plant, mine laboratory, maintenance facilities, warehouses and sewage processing plant. Four natural gas power generators, fed by a 40km long pipeline, provide electricity to the operation. Natural gas is also used for heating. Mine office facilities are located in 1998the main mining area.

Dewatering supplies water for use both as processing water and this was supplementedcamp consumption. Due to the particular features of the mine, and in 2010order to optimise hauling, all pits have local, single or multiple waste dumps. The TSF is located in and is contained by a natural depression.

Mineral processing
The metallurgical plant has a daily capacity estimated at 3,500tpd (1.2Mtpa), with gold and silver grade of around 4.25g/t and 120g/t, respectively. The plant comprises the start of shallow underground miningfollowing stages: crushing, milling, conventional leaching in tanks, counter current decant system in thickeners (“CCD circuit”), a CIL process, acid wash, elution, conventional Merrill Crowe process to access high-grade material. To complementrecover gold and silver with metallic zinc, and a cyanide recovery plant ("Cyanisorb"). The tailings go directly to a conventional TSF, where there is also a reclaim water system for the already existing goldplant.

In addition to the processing plant there is a heap leach operation was started in 2012. The mine has been operated by AngloGold Ashanti since 1998. The orebodies comprise a series of epithermal vein deposits containing gold and large quantities of silver, which is mined as a by-product. The metallurgical plant includes a cyanide recovery facility. Productionpad, with an annual capacity of the heap leach facility, which was commissioned in 20121.5Mtpa, and processes lower-grade material, is around 1.5Mtpa at gold and silver grades of around 0.65g/0.7g/t and 17g/20g/t, respectively. Eight natural gas power generators (two as a back-up) fed by a 40 kilometre long pipeline provide electricityThe pregnant solution from this process goes directly to the operation.CCD circuit in the process plant and to the Merrill Crowe process for gold and silver recovery.

The mining lease encompasses an area of approximately 543km2. The licence 402642/CV/97 covers the full Ore Reserve, was issued on 27 December 1996 and expires on 26 December 2036.

Geology
The oldest rocks in this part of Patagonia are metamorphics of the Precambrian-Cambrian age. These are overlain by Permian and Triassic continental clastic rocks which have been faulted into a series of horsts and grabens and are associated with both limited basaltic sills and dykes and with calc-alkaline granite and granodiorite intrusions. Thick andesite flows of Lower Jurassic age occur above these sedimentary units. A large volume of rhyolitic ignimbrites was emplaced during the Middle and Upper Jurassic age over an area of approximately 100,000 square kilometres. These volcanic rocks include the Chon Aike formation ignimbrite units that host the gold bearing veins at Cerro Vanguardia. Post-mineral units include Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks of both marine and continental origin, the Quaternary La Avenida formation, the Patagonia gravel and the overlying La Angelita basalt flows. These flows do not cover the area of the Cerro Vanguardia veins.

Gold and silver mineralisation at Cerro Vanguardia occurs within a vertical range of about 150 metres to 200 metres in a series of narrow, banded quartz veins that occupy structures within the Chon Aike ignimbrites. These veins form a typical structural pattern related to major north-south (Concepcion) and east-west (Vanguardia) shears. Two sets of veins have formed in response to this shearing.

The veins are typical of epithermal, low-temperature, adularia-sericite character and consist primarily of quartz in several forms: massive quartz, banded chalcedonic quartz, and quartz-cemented breccias. Dark bands in the quartz are due to finely disseminated pyrite, now oxidised to limonite. The veins show sharp contacts with the surrounding ignimbrite which hosts narrow stockwork zones that are weakly mineralised and appear to have been cut by a sequence of north-east-trending faults that have southerly movement with no appreciable lateral displacement.



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BRAZIL
Description
AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Brazil comprise AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do SítioAGA Mineração (AGA Mineração) in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais state and Mineração Serra Grande (MSG) in the Goiás state. All operations are wholly owned by AngloGold Ashanti. AngloGold Ashanti generates part of the power for its operations in Brazil at the Rio de Peixe hydroelectric plants and through its stake in the Igarapava consortium. The balance is purchased on the open market in long term contracts to secure supply.

Brazil - AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do SítioAGA Mineração S.A.
Description
AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do Sítio Mineração S.A. (AGA Mineração), consists of several mining operations, namely Cuiabá, Lamego, and Córrego do Sítio.CdS.

The Cuiabá complex includesOre from the Cuiabá and Lamego mines and the Cuiabá and Queiroz plants. The Cuiabá and Lamego mines are located near Sabará, southeast and east respectively of the city of Belo Horizonte, the capital of Minas Gerais state, in the southeast of Brazil. The Cuiabá mine is a mix of cut-and-fill and long hole stopes accessed by ramps and a shaft. Lamego is a nearby mine developed to mine underground sulphide ore. The first stage of the processing of the ore from Cuiabá and Lamego mines is in the gold plantprocessed at the Cuiabá complex, wheregold plant. The concentrate produced is produced. The material is then transported 15 kilometres by aerial ropeway to the Queiroz plant where the concentrate is roasted, and the calcine proceeds to a carbon circuit for further refining. Sulphur gas is captured for processing through the acid plant. Approximately 230ktpa ofand refining. The Queiroz hydrometallurgical plant also produces sulphuric acid is produced as a by-product. Capacity of the complete circuit is 2.1Mtpa. The Cuiabá mine became operational in 1988 and the Lamego mine in 2009.

Córrego do Sítio (CdS)CdS consists of open pit and underground mines. The oxide ore mined is treated by heap leach and a pressure leaching plant treats sulphide ore. The distance from the main underground mine to the metallurgical plant is around 15km.

Serra Grande comprises three mechanised underground mines, Mina III, Mina Nova and Mina Palmeiras, and an open pit as well as a dedicated metallurgical plant.

AGA MINERAÇÃO
AGA Mineração encompasses mining operations at Cuiabá, Lamego and CdS. The AGA Mineração mining complex is located in southeastern Brazil in the state of Minas Gerais. Operations are 30km from the capital of the state (Belo Horizonte) in the case of Cuiabá and Lamego, and approximately 100km in the case of CdS.

AGA MINERAÇÃO - CÓRREGO DO SÍTIO
Property description
CdS is wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti. It has been in operation since 1989 and consists of multiple open pit (conventional bench mining) and underground mines (mainly using sub-level stoping). The property is currently in a production stage and operated by AGA Mineração.

Location
The CdS complex is located in the municipalitesmunicipalities of Santa Bárbara and Barão de Cocais, 90 kilometresthat are located 100km east of the city of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais, state, in the southeast of Brazil. These operations are included in an important mining district referred to as the Quadrilátero Ferrífero (Iron Quadrangle), the second biggest Brazilian area for the production of iron, gold and manganese.

Mineralisation style
The CdS gold complex has beendeposit is located in operation since 1989the eastern part of the lower to middle greenschist facies of the Rio das Velhas Archaean, in the Iron Quadrangle region, on the southern margin of the São Francisco Craton in Brazil. CdS is an orogenic gold deposit hosted in intensely deformed clastic, volcanoclastic, carbonaceous schists and metagreywackes in an approximately 30km northeast-southwest striking shear zone. Hydrothermal alteration phases associated with the mineralisation are dominated by sericite and carbonate.

The CdS I, II and III, gold deposits and associated targets are located in a gold trend that extends for approximately 14km in a north-easterly direction, from Grota Funda (CdS I) in the south to Anomalia (CdS III) in the north, which developed in a compressional tectonic regime. Gold is associated with quartz and fine grained acicular arsenopyrite. The main gold targets and deposits are distributed over three trends, namely the CdS Trend and the Cristina Trend hosted in metasedimentary rocks, and the Donana Trend hosted in BIF.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
CdS infrastructure consists of two operations:the sulphide plant at CdS II (used to process refractory sulphide material), and the heap leach plant at CdS I (for oxide ore mined by open pit). The site also has an ore sorting plant, a TSF for the sulphide plant, a neutralised tailings deposit for the oxide material and numerous waste dumps for the open pit mines at CdS I. For further information on the regulatory framework governing TSFs in Brazil, see “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil”.

Ancillary facilities comprise a water treatment facility, effluent treatment facilities, equipment workshops, laboratory, warehouses, explosives and accessories magazines, fuel stations, electric substations as well as offices, medical



119

clinic, mess rooms, dressing rooms, bathrooms, storerooms, garage, fuel stations, a centre of environmental studies, nursery and other facilities required to operate the mine.

Water is primarily sourced from recycling the underground mine water and two sulphide underground mines known as CdS Isupplementary water catchment wells. The power for the operations is supplied and CdSII. purchased on the open market. Good communication infrastructure is available in the area.

Mineral processing
There are two metallurgical plants inat CdS: the heap leach plant for oxide ore and the sulphide plant. The sulphide process consists of crushing, grinding and gravity concentration, flotation, thickening, acidulation, pressure oxidation (POX autoclave), CIL extraction, elution, neutralisation, electro-winningelectrowinning and tailings disposal.dry stack tailings. The sulphide plant and POX circuit have a capacity of 600ktpa.900ktpa. The heap leaching process consists of crushing, agglomeration, stacking, leaching, adsorption, elution and electrowinning, with a total capacity of 650ktpa. Total capacity of the complete circuit is 1.5Mtpa.860ktpa.

AGA MINERAÇÃO - CUIABÁ
Property description
Cuiabá is coveredan underground operation (mainly using sub-level long hole open stoping), wholly-owned by a single concession granted byAngloGold Ashanti, within one of the Brazilian National Mining Agency (ANM), namely 000.323/1973 held by AGA Mineração, covering a total area of 3,662ha. Lamego is covered by three geographically contiguous ANM concessions granted to AGA Mineração, namely concession 830.720/1981, 831.554/1983 and 832.238/2003 covering a total area of 1,622.68ha. CdS is covered by four ANM concessions, namely 930.556/2000; 930.181/2008; 830.129/1982 and 833.472/2003 covering a total of 5,461.07ha. According to Brazilian mining laws, expiry of claims, licenses, and other tenure rights coincide with the depletion of Ore Reserves, cessation of mining operations and legally required post-operations activities (e.g. mine closure), provided all annual reports have been approved by the ANM.

Geology
The areamost important metallogenetic provinces in which AGA Mineração is located isBrazil known as the Iron Quadrangle andQuadrangle. This region is host to historic and current gold mining operations, as well as a numberan important producer of open-pit limestone and iron ore, operations.manganese and gold in Brazil. The geologyproperty is currently in a production stage and operated by AGA Mineração.

Location
Cuiabá is located 30km to the east of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais, in the southeast of Brazil.

Mineralisation style
Cuiabá mine is located in the Iron Quadrangle, which is a geotectonic unit on the southern edge of the São Francisco Craton, comprising Archaean and Proterozoic terrains, and bordered by Neoproterozoic mobile belts. From a regional viewpoint, Cuiabá mine is located in the eastern extension of the Serra do Curral inverted homocline, located on the northeastern edge of the Iron QuadrangleQuadrangle. The mine lithostratigraphy consists of an intermediate metavolcanic sedimentary sequence of the greenstone belt type and is composed of Proterozoic and Archaean volcano‑sedimentary sequences and Pre‑Cambrian granitic complexes. The host tohosted in the gold mineralisation is the volcano-sedimentary Nova Lima Group (NLG) that occurs at the basebottom of the Rio das Velhas Supergroup (RDVS). The upper sequence of the RDVSSupergroup.

Gold mineralisation is the meta-sedimentary Maquiné Group. Cuiabá mine, located at Sabara Municipality, has gold mineralisation associated with sulphides and quartz veins in Banded Ironstone Formation (BIF)BIF and volcanic sequences. At this mine, structuralStructural control and fluidsfluid flow are the most important factors for gold mineralisation with a common association withbetween large-scale shear zones and their associated structures. Where BIF is mineralised, the ore appears strongly stratiform due to the selective sulphidation of the iron richiron-rich layers. Steeply plunging shear zones tend to control the ore shoots, which commonly plunge parallel to intersections between the shears and other structures. Mineralisation is hosted in the limbs of a fold system.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The controlling mineralisation structures are the apparent intersection of thrust faults with tight isoclinal folds in a ductile environment. The host rocks at Cuiabá are BIF, Lapa SecaRegulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and mafic volcanics (principally basaltic)permits”. Mineralisation is due to the interaction of low salinity carbon dioxide rich fluids with the high-iron BIF, basalts and carbonaceous graphitic schists. Sulphide mineralisation consists of pyrrhotite and pyrite with subordinate arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite; the latter tends to occur as a late-stage fracture fill and is not associated with gold mineralisation. Wall rock alteration is typically carbonate, potassic and silicic.

CdSProcessing plants and other available facilities
The metallurgical plants (Cuiabá gold plant and Queiroz plant) are connected by an aerial ropeway and power to the mine is provided by a set of small hydropower plants (Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex). Cuiabá mine has a shaft system (846m deep) for production and personnel transport, the current nominal airflow capacity for which is 1,035m3/s, of which 320m3/s are refrigerated. Tailings deposition is at one of four sites located at Cuiabá, Calcinados, Rapaunha and Cocuruto. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” for further information on the Company’s TSFs in Brazil. The Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex is a set of seven small hydropower plants that generate energy from three dams (Ingleses, Miguelo and Codorna), and are directly connected to the Queiroz plant.

Mineral processing
Cuiabá and Lamego mines feed the Cuiabá gold (crushing, milling and flotation) and Queiroz (roaster, carbon circuit and refinery) plants, currently at 1.9Mtpa with a metallurgical recovery of 91.8 percent for the combined feed. At the Cuiabá gold plant, ore is crushed and milled followed by flotation and filtration to produce a concentrate (32 percent sulphur), which is transported by an aerial ropeway to Queiroz for further treatment. Approximately 30 percent of gold is recovered through a gravity circuit at the Cuiabá gold plant. The concentrate, transported by aerial ropeway, is received at the Queiroz plant which is located in Nova Lima and comprises the refractory ore circuit (from Cuiabá or



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Lamego) with facilities for pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. The concentrate is roasted and the calcine proceeds to a carbon-in-pulp ("CIP") with Merrill Crowe circuits for further refining. The sulphide gas is captured for processing at the acid plant. Sulphuric acid is produced as a by-product.

AGA MINERAÇÃO - LAMEGO
Property description
Lamego is an underground operation (mainly using long hole stoping) that is wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti, within one of the most important metallogenetic provinces in Brazil, known as the Iron Quadrangle. This region is an important producer of iron, manganese and gold in Brazil. The property is currently in a production stage and operated by AGA Mineração.

Location
Lamego is located 30km to the east of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais, in the southeast of Brazil.

Mineralisation style
The Lamego mine is located in the Iron Quadrangle, which is a geotectonic unit at the southern edge of the São Francisco Craton, comprising Archaean and Proterozoic terrains, and bordered by Neoproterozoic mobile belts. From a regional viewpoint, the Lamego mine is located in the eastern partextension of the lowerSerra do Curral inverted homocline, located on the northern edge of the Iron Quadrangle.

Gold mineralisation is characterised by orebodies associated with two horizons of chemical sedimentary rocks: BIF and metachert, with shear zones containing abundant quartz veinlets. The proportions of these lithotypes vary substantially from one deposit to middle greenschist facies archean Rio das Velhas greenstone belt. The CdS I, II and IIIanother. In the BIF, sulphide mineralisation is associated with gold, deposits and associated targets are located in a gold trend that extends for about 14 kilometres in a north-easterly direction, from Grota Funda (CdS I)while in the south to Jambeiro (CdS III) in the north. CdSII is the north portion of the Corrego do Sítio gold trend. The main gold targets and deposits are distributed over three trends, namely the CdS trend, the Donana Trend and the Cristina Trend. At CdSI, the main orebodies are Rosalino, Cachorro Bravo, Laranjeiras and
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Carvoaria, which are currently producing and are the most relevant deposits at Mine I. At CdSII, the main orebodies are São Bento, Pinta Bem (both BIF hosted) and Sangue de Boi (metapellitic hosted). At CdSIII, Anomalia I and II represent the best informed orebodies with the highest potential (for formal declaration purposes, CdSIII deposits are incorporated as CdSII). CdS mineralisation occurs in a greenstone belt geological environment, where goldmetachert it is associated with quartz veins. The gold occurs either as native gold or in sulphides. Lamego has a similar rock assemblage to Cuiabá, but with higher structural complexity. The mineralised BIF is more structurally deformed and sulphides (mainly very fine arsenopyrite acicular crystals) in a structurally controlled corridor of approximately 16 - 20 kilometres on strike and about 500 metres vertical extent, developed in a compressional tectonic setting.contains more silica when compared to Cuiabá, which reacted less with the hydrothermal fluid.

Brazil - Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Lamego operates as a satellite mine to the Cuiabá mine. Ore is transported to surface via ramps where it is crushed, stockpiled and transported daily to the Cuiabá gold plant, where it is blended with Cuiabá ore on the ROM pad.

The two plants (Cuiabá gold plant and Queiroz plant) are connected by an aerial ropeway. Power to the mine is provided by a set of small hydropower plants (Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex) and supplied by Cemig, a state-owned company. The Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex is a set of seven small hydropower plants that generate energy from three dams (Ingleses, Miguelo and Codorna), and are directly connected to the Queiroz plant. Tailings deposition is at one of four sites located at Cuiabá, Calcinados, Rapaunha and Cocuruto. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” for further information on the Company’s TSFs in Brazil.

Lamego has a natural water supply system and a plant for water and sewage treatment.

Mineral processing
Cuiabá and Lamego mines feed the Cuiabá gold (crushing, milling and flotation) and Queiroz (roaster, carbon circuit and refinery) plants, currently at 1.9Mtpa with a metallurgical recovery of 91.8 percent for the combined feed. At the Cuiabá gold plant, ore is crushed and milled followed by flotation and filtration to produce a concentrate (32 percent sulphur), which is transported by an aerial ropeway to Queiroz for further treatment. Approximately 30 percent of gold is recovered through a gravity circuit at the Cuiabá gold plant. The concentrate, transported by aerial ropeway, is received at the Queiroz plant which is located in Nova Lima and comprises the refractory ore circuit (from Cuiabá or Lamego) with facilities for pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. The concentrate is roasted and the calcine proceeds to a CIP with Merrill Crowe circuits for further refining. The sulphide gas is captured for processing at the acid plant. Sulphuric acid is produced as a by-product.

SERRA GRANDE
Property description
Mineração Serra Grande (S.A.)
Description
Mineração Serra Grande (MSG("MSG" or Serra Grande)"Serra Grande") is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti and is located in central Brazil, inthe northwest of the state of Goiás, about five kilometres fromin central Brazil. It operates three underground mines (using sub-level



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stoping (bottom-up and top-down), cut-and-fill and room-and-pillar mining methods) and two open pit mines. The property is currently in a production stage.

Location
Serra Grande is located 5km south of the citytown of Crixás, and 420km from the Brazilian capital, Brasilia. ItBrasília and approximately 350km from the state capital of Goiás, Goiánia. The employment of 1,120 persons in this largely rural area makes mining the principal economic activity in the region.

Mineralisation style
The Serra Grande gold deposit is an orogenic mesothermal deposit, associated with the development of shear zones that belong to the Upper Archaean Crixás Group. Gold mineralisation is associated with metasediments and metavolcanics from the Ribeirão das Antas and Rio Vermelho Formations respectively. The Crixás Greenstone Belt is surrounded by granitic gneiss terrains from the Ribeirão das Antas and Caiamar complexes and metasedimentary rocks from the Santa Terezinha Group, which is part of the Goiás magmatic arc. Mineralisation at Serra Grande is associated with quartz veins and massive to disseminated sulphides in metasedimentary, metavolcanoclastic and metabasalt rocks, with variable degrees of hydrothermal alteration developed over orogenic stacked thrust layers (duplexes).

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Serra Grande operates threea single TSF, which will support the LOM production and has government environmental licensing in place. The water used in metallurgical processing comes from the underground mines. The state road GO-337 passes close to the operation providing access for logistics. The power for the mine is supplied and twopurchased in the open pit mines. Three mining methods used underground are: sub-level stoping (bottom-upmarket (grid electricity) and top-down), room and pillar. diesel self-generation. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” for further information on the Company’s TSFs in Brazil.

Mineral processing
The metallurgical plant has the capacity ofto process 1.5Mtpa, and combinescombining CIL and gravimetric circuits. The ore is blended to feed the crushing circuit, withwhich has a capacity of 3,800tpd.4,500tpd. There are two mills in operation, and 20 leachingleach tanks with a capacity of 4,800m34,800m3 divided between prelimingpre-liming and cyanidation stages. About 58% freeApproximately 45 percent of gold is captured in the parallel gravity circuit. The tailings are filtered and stacked in piles. The rest of the gold is recovered by the CIL process to form the bulliondoré that is sent to the Nova Lima refinery.for refining. The mine became operational in 1989total gold recovery is approximately 93.4 percent.

AUSTRALIA

AngloGold Ashanti operates two mines and has been operatedone new project in Western Australia.

Sunrise Dam, wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti, since 1999.is located 205km north-northeast of Kalgoorlie and 55km south of Laverton.

Serra GrandeTropicana is covered by five ANM concessions, namely 002.286/1935, 960.658/1987, 860.746/2005, 862.103/1994a joint operation between AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent and 804.366/1975 coveringthe operator), and AFB Resources Pty Limited (30 percent), a total areasubsidiary of 6,563.51ha. According to Brazilian mining law expiryRegis Resources Limited. Tropicana is located 200km east of claims, licenses,Laverton and other tenure rights coincide with the depletion330km east-northeast of Ore Reserves, cessation of mining operations and legally required post-operations activities (eg mine closure), provided all annual reports have been approved by the ANM.

Geology
The deposits are locatedKalgoorlie in the Rio Vermelho and Ribeirão das Antas Formations of the Archaean Pilar de Goia’s Group which account together for a large proportion of the Crixás Greenstone Belt in central Brazil.Western Australia.

The stratigraphyButcher Well project is a joint venture between AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent) and Northern Star Resources Limited (“Northern Star Resources”) (30 percent). The project is managed by AngloGold Ashanti. Butcher Well is located 20km southwest of the beltSunrise Dam mine and is dominated by basics and ultrabasics of the lower sequences with volcano sedimentary units forming the upper successions.considered to be a potential satellite operation.

The depositsSUNRISE DAM
Property description
Sunrise Dam is a production stage property with an active underground (using sub-level open stoping methods and narrow open-stoping methods) and open pit mine that is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti. AngloGold Ashanti conducts all brownfield exploration activities on the site and all tenements and permits are hosted in a sequence of schists, meta volcanics and dolomites occurring in a typical greenstone belt structural setting. Gold mineralisation is associated with massive sulphides and vein quartz material associated with carbonaceous and sericitic schists and dolomites.  The oreshoots plunge to the north-west with dipping between 6 and 35 degrees. The stratigraphy is overturned and thrusted towards the east, with recognised shear and thrust structures that are stacked. These control the mineralisation and behave as frontal and lateral ramps and horses.good standing.

The greenstone belt lithologies are surrounded by the TTG suite of Archaean tonalitic gneisses and granodiorites. The metamorphic sediments are primarily composed of quartz, chlorite, sericite, carbonaceous material and garnet bearing schists. The carbonates have been metamorphosed to ferroan dolomite marble with development of siderite and ankerite veining in the surrounding wallrock, usually associated with quartz veins. The basalts are relatively unaltered but do show pronounced stretching with elongation of pillow structures being evident.

The Crixás greenstone belt comprises a series of Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic metavolcanics, metasediments and basement granitoids stacked within a series of north to north-east transported thrust sheet. Thrusting (D1) was accompanied by significant F1 folding/foliation development and progressive alteration in a brittle-ductile regime. D1 thrusting developed irregular thrust ramp geometry, in part controlled by concealed early basin faults. The main Crixás orebodies are adjacent to a major north‑northwest structural corridor juxtaposed to the main fault ramp/corner and become dispersed to the east and north in zones of foreland thrust flats. Alteration diminishes to the west away from the main fault corner. A series of concealed east-west to northwest‑southeast basement block faults may have provided secondary fluid migration, and development of early anti‑formal warps in the thrust sheets; these structures probably define the quasi‑regular spacing of significant mineralisation within the belt. The D1 thrust stack was gently folded by non‑cylindrical folds. Gold mineralising fluids probably migrated during this event, with similar south‑south‑west to north‑north‑east migration, and focusing on bedding slip during folding. Gold mineralisation decreases and disperses to the north and east along the formal thrust flat zone. Concentrations of gold within the quartz vein may be due to the damming of fluids migrating upward along layering.


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Location
Sunrise Dam is approximately 205km north-northeast of Kalgoorlie and 55km south of Laverton in Western Australia.

Mineralisation style
Sunrise Dam is a mesothermal gold deposit located in the Archaean greenstone belts of Western Australia. The deposit is complex and structurally controlled with multiple ore zones displaying differing characteristics, from ductile shear zones to brittle stockwork complexes to intrusive hosted mineralisation. Mineralisation is typically hosted within quartz-carbonate veins with varying quantities of pyrite and arsenopyrite. Strong alteration of the country host rock is common proximal to controlling structures.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Australia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
All required infrastructure is in place including a fully functional camp, process plant, tailings facility, gas pipeline, power plant and electrical reticulation, offices, airstrip and road system. The underground infrastructure caters for all ventilation and dewatering needs with provisions made in the budget for extensions and upgrades.

Mineral processing
Processing at Sunrise Dam is via a conventional three-stage crushing / two-stage milling, CIL circuit, with a pyrite flotation and ultrafine grinding circuit commissioned in 2018. The gravity circuit recovers approximately 30 percent of the gold, with the CIL circuit, AcaciaTM reactor and Anglo American Research Laboratories ("AARL") elution used to recover the remainder. Electrowinning recovers gold from the Acacia reactor and is eluted to produce gold doré. Plant throughput at Sunrise Dam is approximately 4.1Mtpa.

BUTCHER WELL
Property description
Butcher Well is a joint venture between AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent) and Northern Star Resources (30 percent). Butcher Well encompasses two tenement packages, Butcher Well and Lake Carey, covering approximately 339.56km2. AngloGold Ashanti also holds a significant tenement package adjacent to the Northern Star joint venture properties.

The project is in the exploration stage in the early stages of study, with no Mineral Reserve declared. An Inferred Mineral Resource is stated, which has been the focus of a conceptual study. As the project is still in a concept study phase, no mining has taken place. Both open pit and underground mining options (using transverse longhole open stoping) are being explored.

Location
The Butcher Well project is located in the Laverton district of Western Australia, 20km southwest of AngloGold Ashanti's Sunrise Dam mine and 180km northeast of Kalgoorlie. Butcher Well is considered as a potential satellite operation to Sunrise Dam.

The Sunrise Dam airstrip is approximately 70km by road from the project, with a travel time of approximately 90 minutes on the road on the circumference of the southern part of Lake Carey. Lake Carey is a large salt lake that covers a part of the western project area,with Sunrise Dam located to the east of the lake and the Butcher Well project located on the western shore.

Mineralisation style
The Butcher Well Mineral Resource is an orogenic-style gold system hosted within the Laverton Greenstone Belt. The mineralisation is hosted within a basalt and is spatially associated with syenite dykes. Gold mineralisation within fresh rock principally occurs within steeply dipping north-south trending panels. Supergene gold dispersion and enrichment broadens the mineralised envelope within the near-surface saprolitic material. Much of this material has been previously exploited in shallow open pits.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Australia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.




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Processing plants and other available facilities
Power is likely to be generated on-site via diesel generators. Water can be sourced from the existing flooded pits or bores. Ore material will be trucked to Sunrise Dam via existing secondary roads.

Mineral processing
Ore from Butcher Well will be processed at AngloGold Ashanti's Sunrise Dam processing plant. Processing at Sunrise Dam is via a conventional three-stage crushing, two-stage milling CIL circuit, with a pyrite flotation and ultrafine grinding circuit commissioned in 2018. The gravity circuit recovers approximately 30 percent of the gold, with the CIL circuit and AARL elution used to recover the remainder. Electrowinning recovers gold from the Acacia reactor and eluate to produce gold doré. Plant throughput at Sunrise Dam is 4.1Mtpa, and Butcher Well ore will supplement ore production from the Sunrise Dam underground mine to maintain the mill throughput.

TROPICANA
Property description
Tropicana mine is a currently operating gold mine, and is a production stage property. It produces gold bearing ore from a number of open pits named from north to south: Boston Shaker, Tropicana, Havana and Havana South, and from an underground mine beneath the Boston Shaker and Tropicana open pits. The project is a joint operationbetween AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent), as operator, and AFB Resources Pty Limited, a subsidiary of Regis Resources Limited (30 percent).

Location
Tropicana is located 330km northeast of Kalgoorlie and 200km east of Laverton, Western Australia.

Mineralisation style
The Tropicana deposit is hosted in an Archaen quartz-feldspathic gneiss within a major tectonic suture zone between the Yilgarn Craton and the Albany-Fraser Orogen. Mineralisation is associated with a strong hydrothermal alteration assemblege of biotite-sericite-pyrite, which post-dates peak graulite facies metamorphism. Gold is found within the pyrite.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Australia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
All surface infrastructure facilities are in place and operational. The processing plant and TSF are operating well, consistent with design specifications. The infrastructure includes, but is not limited to water supply, processing plant, mine, dewatering infrastructure, TSF, workshops, camp facilities and airstrips. Power is supplied to the mine by on-site gas and diesel power stations, and natural gas is supplied via an APA Operations (Pty) Limited pipeline. Underground development and production is ongoing.

Mineral processing
The processing plant has a capacity of 9.3Mtpa. The crushing circuit consists of a primary gyratory crusher, feeding a set of secondary cone crushers and tertiary rolls crushers. A 14MW and 6MW ball mill in parallel completes the grinding circuit. A CIL circuit is used to extract the gold from the ore, and a standard AARL elution and recovery systems is used to form gold doré bars.

The power provider, Kalgoorlie Power Systems, has built a dedicated power station consisting of a combination of diesel and gas powered generators with a capacity of 48.5MW.

PROJECTS
The projects in Colombia form a significant contribution to AngloGold Ashanti’s Mineral Resource with the three projects: La Colosa, Minera de Cobre Quebradona ("Quebradona") and Gramalote, the latter of which is a joint operationbetween AngloGold Ashanti (50 percent) and B2Gold Corp. (“B2 Gold”) (50 percent). Mineral Reserve was declared for the first time at Quebradona in 2018.

During 2022, the Company's project team in the United States integrated the Mineral Resource resulting from AngloGold Ashanti's acquisitions of Corvus Gold Inc. (“Corvus Gold”) and Coeur Sterling, Inc. (“Coeur Sterling”) using the Company’s evaluation framework. AngloGold Ashanti acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold acquisition in January 2022 and Sterling (which includes the Crown Block deposits of SNA, Secret Pass and Daisy) through the acquisition of Coeur Sterling in November 2022.



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COLOMBIAAUSTRALIA
Description
ColombiaGeneral laws relating to mining

In Australia, with a few exceptions, all onshore minerals are owned by the Crown. The respective Minister for each state and territory is responsible for administering the relevant mining legislation enacted by the states and territories. Native title legislation applies to certain mining tenements within Australia. Australia recognises and protects a form of native title that reflects the entitlement of Aboriginal people to their traditional lands in accordance with their traditional custom and laws. Should native title claims or determinations exist, certain native title processes and procedures will apply under the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) (the “Native Title Act”) before the tenure is granted. Tenure may be granted subject to conditions relating to native title rights. In the mining context, native title matters are managed as part of the tenement grant process. If disputes arise in relation to the grant of a particular tenement, they can be referred to the National Native Title Tribunal, established under the Native Title Act, for resolution. Native title legislation also provides a framework for compensation to be paid for acts that affect native title rights and interests. Ordinarily, the relevant Commonwealth or State government is liable to pay compensation for acts attributable to it. However, in the state of Western Australia, the Mining Act 1978 (WA) provides that an applicant for the grant of, or the holder of, a mining tenement is responsible for native title compensation, if determined to be payable, to native title holders.



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Federal, state and territory Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal heritage laws operate in parallel to the native title legislation. State and territory heritage laws exist predominantly for the purposes of managing the impact of developments on sites, objects and areas of heritage significance. In Western Australia, impacts to Aboriginal cultural heritage are regulated by the Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 (WA). However, this legislation will be repealed and replaced by the Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act 2021 (WA) (the “ACH Act”) which was enacted in 2021. The regulations, management code and various guidelines which underpin the ACH Act are being co-designed by the State government, traditional owners, industry and other stakeholders. The ACH Act will not become fully operational until the co-design process is complete in mid-2023 at the earliest. Where an area of heritage significance is placed on the national or world heritage registers, federal approval processes may also apply. To date, there has not been any significant impact on any of AngloGold Ashanti’s tenure due to native title or heritage legislation and, at this stage, it is not possible to predict any significant impact that may result in the future from the final regulations, management code and various guidelines under the ACH Act, once adopted.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operating properties are located in the state of Western Australia where tenure is issued under, and mining operations are governed by, the Mining Act 1978 (WA). The most common forms of tenure in Western Australia are exploration and prospecting licences, mining leases, miscellaneous licences and general purpose leases. In most Australian states, if the holder of an exploration licence establishes indications of an economic mineral deposit in the area covered by the exploration licence and complies with the conditions of the grant, the holder of the exploration licence has a priority right against all others to be granted a mining lease which gives the holder exclusive mining rights with respect to minerals on the property.

It is possible for an individual or entity to own an area of land (including for infrastructure purposes) and for another individual or entity to be granted the right to explore for or mine any minerals located on or under the surface of the same area. The maximum initial term of a mining lease in Western Australia is 21 years and the holder has the right to renew the lease for an additional 21 years. Subsequent renewals are granted at the discretion of the respective state or territory’s minister responsible for mining rights. In Western Australia, mining leases can only be assigned with the prior written consent of the minister.

Tax laws relating to mining

Government royalties are payable by the holder of mining tenure in respect of minerals obtained from the relevant area of land at the rates specified in the relevant legislation in each state or territory. The royalty on gold production in Western Australia is payable quarterly at a fixed rate of 2.5 percent of the royalty value of gold metal produced. The royalty value is calculated by multiplying the amount of gold produced during a given month by the average gold spot price for that month. In addition, the holder of a mining tenement is required to pay annual rent in respect of the tenement. In Western Australia there is a minimum annual expenditure requirement for prospecting and exploration licences and mining leases. Exemptions from the expenditure requirement can be obtained if certain conditions are satisfied.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Mining tenements will be granted with endorsements and conditions relating to protection of the environment. Exploration and mining operations may also require separate approval from the state, territory or federal environment minister, which may require completion of an environmental impact assessment (including a public consultation period) pursuant to applicable environmental protection legislation prior to commencement. Further, a works 'construction' approval and an operating licence under the relevant environmental protection legislation in the state or territory may also be required for certain mine processing or mining-related operations. In Western Australia, legislation removing the distinction between “works approvals” and “licenses” is expected to enter into force in December 2023 such that, following the effective date, only a “license” will be required for “prescribed activities”, which include relevant works and operations on a mining lease, and not a separate “works approval”. Depending on the jurisdiction, additional approvals may be required for the removal of native vegetation within the tenement, and the taking and use of water for exploration and mining operations.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

AngloGold Ashanti has been granted 21-year term mining leases with rights of renewal to all of its mining areas in Australia, including its proportionate share of joint venture operations and accordingly it has, together with its joint venture partners where applicable, the exclusive right to mine in those areas. Both the Group and its joint venture partners are fully authorised to conduct operations in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. The mining leases and rights of renewal cover the current life-of-mine at AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Australia.

At Sunrise Dam, one mining lease (M39/1116) covers the deposit and mine infrastructure (approximately 7,808 hectares) and another mining lease (M39/1117) covers the water extraction infrastructure used to supply the operation with water (approximately 1,768 hectares). Both leases are currently in good standing, with expiry dates in 2038.

The Butcher Well joint venture has security of tenure for all current exploration licences and for the contiguous mining leases that covers its Mineral Resource. There are three mining leases: mining lease (M39/165) which covers 602.35 hectares with expiry date in 2030, mining lease (M39/166) which covers 990 hectares with expiry date in 2030 and mining lease (M39/230) which covers 446.4 hectares with expiry date in 2032.




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At Tropicana, the deposit is situated upon a single mining lease (M39/1096) covering approximately 27,228 hectares, which is currently in good standing, with an expiry date in 2036.

AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited is also conducting early stage exploration activities in Queensland under the Mineral Resources Act 1989 (QLD). AngloGold Ashanti holds 15 exploration permits covering 316,851 hectares. Each permit is granted with an initial term of five years, renewable for two advanced Greenfields Projectsfurther periods of not more than five years each.


AMERICAS

Argentina

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

Mining regime

The Argentinean Mining Code governs mining activity in the country. Special regimes exist for hydrocarbons and nuclear minerals. In the case of most minerals, the Argentinean Mining Code establishes that the owner of the land is not the owner of the mineral rights; these are held by the national or provincial governments (depending on the location of the minerals). The national or provincial government, as applicable, is required by the Argentinean Mining Code to grant whomever discovers a new mine title to the mining concession.

The Argentinean Mining Code regulates exploration permits as well as mining concessions, or exploitation rights. Exploration permits grant their holders exclusivity rights to any mineral discoveries, including those made by a third party within the exploration area covered by the permit. Exploration permits are limited in time and as to the extent of the exploration area, are subject to the payment of a single-time fee, and also require a minimum exploration work programme and schedule to keep the permit in force. Priority for receiving a mining concession is given to the registered discoverer of the mine, which holds the exploration permit. Once the application for a mine has been submitted, the applicant may commence works and must submit a legal survey of the units requested for the new mine. The application and the legal survey may be opposed by third parties following specific proceedings set forth in the Argentinean Mining Code. Approval and registration of the legal survey by the provincial mining authority constitutes formal title to the mining concession.

Holders of mining concessions must comply with Ore Reserve declaration, Quebradonathree main conditions: payment of an annual fee, investment of a minimum amount of capital, and Gramalote,the carrying out of a reasonable level of exploitation. Failure to do so could lead to forfeiture of the mining concession, which would then revert back to the Province.

In addition to the Argentinean Mining Code, between 1993 and 1995, Argentina implemented several federal laws to offer foreign companies attractive incentives for exploration and mining in Argentina, the Mining Investment Law (Law No. 24, 196), as amended (the “Mining Investment Law”), and related legal provisions being the most important one. Such incentives include, among other matters, import duty exemptions, accelerated depreciation of fixed assets, a three percent cap on provincial royalties set at pit-head value on the mineral extracted, value added tax refunds for exploration-related expenses incurred by companies registered under the Mining Investment Law, and, subject to the filing of a feasibility study for the relevant mining project, a 30-year stability as to the tax burden on the project and the customs and foreign exchange regimes and duties. Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (“CVSA”) obtained its tax, customs and foreign exchange stability certificate in 1996.

Glacier Law

On 30 September 2010, the National Law on Minimum Requirements for the Protection of Glaciers (Law No. 26, 639) (the “Glacier Law”) was enacted in Argentina, banning new mining exploration and exploitation activities on glaciers and “peri-glacial” areas. The Glacier Law establishes a broad definition of “peri-glacial” areas that, together with glacial areas, must be surveyed by an existing national government agency specifically appointed to this end every five years. The area where the Cerro Vanguardia project is located does not include any glaciers or peri-glacial areas according to the inventory of glaciers which was published in June 2018.

Rural Land Law

On 27 December 2011, the Argentinean National Congress passed a law on the Regime for Protection of National Domain over Ownership, Possession or Tenure of Rural Land (Law No. 26, 737) (the “Rural Land Law”) which implemented a set of rules restricting the ownership of rural land by foreigners (including foreign individuals or any kind of legal entity controlled by foreign individuals or legal entities). The main restrictions are as follows: (i) foreigners cannot own in the aggregate more than 15 percent of the entire rural land of Argentina, the same cap being applicable to each Province and Municipality; (ii) foreigners will not be allowed to purchase more than 1,000 hectares in the so-called “zona núcleo”, which comprises the main agricultural areas of central Argentina or an “equivalent” surface depending on the location of the land and its productive potential; and (iii) foreigners will not be allowed to buy land that contains, or is adjacent to, relevant and permanent water bodies (such as rivers and lakes). Although exploration permits and mining concessions are not the subject matter of the restrictions placed by the Rural Land Law, certain rights granted to foreign mining companies under the Argentinean Mining Code may be restricted by this



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new law. For example, the right that holders of mining concessions currently have to force the surface owner to sell the land to the holder of the mining concession might be restricted if the concession holder is a foreign individual or a legal entity controlled by foreigners.

Federal Mining Agreement

On 13 June 2017, the national government and the provinces in whose territories the main mining projects of Argentina are located, signed the New Federal Mining Agreement (“FMA”). The purpose of the FMA is, amongst other things, to increase provincial revenues from the mining industry by creating legal entities owned by provincial governments that would work in association with private mining companies. This scheme is not new in Argentina and it has been used by some provincial governments, amongst them the Santa Cruz Province (through Fomicruz), in which the Cerro Vanguardia project is located. The FMA also contemplates other forms of revenues such as the formation of special trusts to be funded by mining companies to finance education, health and other programmes. Additionally, the FMA included setting forth mining royalties up to three percent of the gross value of commercialised minerals, without any deductions other than VAT. As the FMA has not yet been converted into law by the National Congress, its provisions are neither binding nor enforceable.

In Argentina, the current regulatory regime of royalty payments is expected to change and several different options and payment thresholds have been discussed. In December 2012, the Santa Cruz Province changed the mining royalty from one percent to three percent calculated at pit-head value of the mineral extracted thus bringing it to the cap of the Mining Investment Law.

Foreign exchange and export rules

Foreign exchange controls

On 1 September 2019, by means of Executive Decree No. 609/2019 (the “Export Controls Decree”), the Argentinean national government reinstated foreign exchange and export controls. The Export Controls Decree and related regulations of the Central Bank of Argentina impose, among other measures, the obligation of Argentinean residents to transfer to Argentina and/or sell for Argentinean pesos in the Argentinean foreign exchange market (mercado de cambios) the countervalue (contravalor) from their exports of goods within a specified period. The export of goods is regulated by the Consolidated Text on “Foreign Trade and Exchange” issued by the Argentinean Central Bank (as amended from time to time) which establishes the specific regulatory requirements to implement the measures adopted by the national government in this area. Prior approval of the Argentinean Central Bank is generally required to access the foreign exchange market for transactions relating to the outflow of funds, except in certain circumstances.

In October 2022, the Argentinean national government implemented the Argentinean System of Imports (Sistema de Importaciones de la República Argentina) (“SIRA”) and the Argentinean System of Imports and Foreign Payments of Services (Sistema de Importaciones de la República Argentina y Pagos de Servicios al Exterior). Importers must obtain a SIRA approval in the form of a SIRA certificate for the import of goods and to access the foreign exchange market for payments in connection with the import of goods. Additionally, from 1 January 2023, Argentinean residents, such as CVSA, must comply with certain supplementary provisions in order to access the foreign exchange market without prior approval of the Argentinean Central Bank, unless an exception applies.

CVSA had a cash balance equivalent to $116 million at 31 December 2022. The cash balance is available to be paid to AngloGold Ashanti’s offshore ($105 million (equivalent)) and onshore ($15 million (equivalent)) investment holding companies in the form of declared dividends. Applications have been made to the Argentinean Central Bank to approve the purchase of U.S. dollars in order to distribute offshore dividends related to the 2019, 2020 and 2021 financial years of $105 million (equivalent) to AngloGold Ashanti. Also, under a special regime established for dividend payments, a new petition to distribute a portion of the offshore dividends applied for, in the amount of $54 million (equivalent), was submitted to the Argentinean Central Bank during the third quarter of 2022. In December 2022, the Argentinean Central Bank approved, based on the applications submitted under this special regime, the payment of $17 million (equivalent) to AngloGold Ashanti. As a result, during 2022, AngloGold Ashanti received offshore dividends from CVSA in a total amount of $17 million (net of withholding taxes) paid in U.S. dollars. While the remaining approvals are pending, the cash remains fully available for CVSA’s operational and exploration requirements.

Export duties

On 21 December 2019, the National Law on Social Solidarity and Productive Reactivation (Law No. 27, 541) (the “Solidarity Law”) was enacted. The Solidarity Law granted the national government power until 31 December 2021 to impose export duties which may not exceed certain caps. For example, the Solidarity Law provides that export duties on mining exports cannot exceed eight percent of the taxable value or official FOB price. On 2 October 2020, the national government published Decree No. 785/2020 (the “Export Duties Decree”) which sets an export duty rate of eight percent for certain goods, including doré bars and gold alloys, and revoked the provisions of Decree No. 793/2018 which had previously set the export duty at 12 percent ad valorem. While the Export Duties Decree was set to expire at the end of 2021, on 31 December 2021, the national government published Decree No. 908/2021, extending the deadline of export duties on certain goods, including doré bars and gold alloys, until 31 December 2023. It is uncertain whether the national government is empowered to extend such deadline beyond the date set forth in the Solidarity Law. These export duties, if not compensated with other tax reductions, affect the tax stability guarantee granted to CVSA in 1996 in light of the fact that at the time export duties were zero percent.



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On 26 February 2019, the Argentinean tax and mining authorities published a resolution (RC 4428/2019) establishing an administrative procedure to be followed to obtain the reimbursement or compensation of federal taxes paid in excess of the total tax burden provided for by the applicable tax stability guarantee (the “2019 Procedure”). CVSA initiated the 2019 Procedure to claim compensation for the export duties it paid in 2018, 2019 and 2020 as export duties are not contemplated by its tax stability guarantee. Prior to the publication of RC 4428/2019, CVSA had already submitted to the tax authorities claims for reimbursement of the export duties it paid from 2008 to 2015.

Pursuant to the 2019 Procedure, the National Mining Secretariat issued favorable opinions regarding CVSA’s claims in respect of fiscal years 2018 and 2019, which amounted to approximately $2.0 million and $6.3 million, respectively, as of 31 December 2022. These claims are currently under review by the relevant customs authorities. On 14 July 2021, CVSA submitted its claim in respect of fiscal year 2020, which amounted to approximately $12.4 million as of 31 December 2022. The National Mining Secretary has not yet issued an opinion regarding this claim.

Furthermore, CVSA has requested the tax authorities to apply the 2019 Procedure in respect of its historical claims for fiscal years 2008 to 2015 during which the imposition of export duties also exceeded CVSA’s total tax burden under its tax stability guarantee. However, these claims, which amounted to approximately $3.1 million as of 31 December 2022, are still being reviewed under the rules to challenge export duties instead of the 2019 Procedure. CVSA has appealed the application of those rules and a third Greenfielddecision on this issue is pending.

On 9 June 2022, the Argentinean tax and mining authorities published a resolution (RC 5205/2022) establishing a new administrative procedure to be followed to obtain the reimbursement or compensation of federal taxes paid in excess of the total tax burden provided for by the applicable tax stability guarantee (the “2022 Procedure”). This 2022 Procedure replaces the 2019 Procedure established by RC 4428/2019. On 20 September 2022, CVSA submitted its claim for compensation for the export duties in respect of fiscal year 2021, which amounted to approximately $11.2 million as of 31 December 2022, pursuant to the 2022 Procedure. This claim is currently under review by the National Mining Secretary.

In total, AngloGold Ashanti’s net export duty receivables (after discounting provisions) in Argentina amounted to $9 million as of 31 December 2022.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Any mining company wishing to commence or modify any mining-related activity, as defined by the Argentinean Mining Code, including prospecting, exploration, exploitation, development, preparation, extraction, and storage of mineral substances, as well as property abandonment or mine closure activity, is required to prepare and submit to the competent provincial environmental authority an Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”) prior to commencing the work. Each EIA is required to describe the nature of the proposed work, its potential risk to the environment, and the measures that will be taken to mitigate that risk. If accepted by the competent authority, the EIA is used as the basis to create a Declaration of Environmental Impact (“DEI”) to which the mining company is required to adhere during the mining-related activity at issue. The DEI is required to be updated at least on a biannual basis. Sanctions and penalties for non-compliance with the DEI are outlined in the Environmental Protection section of the Argentinean Mining Code, and may include warnings, fines, suspension of quality certifications, obligations to restore the environment, temporary or permanent closure of activities, and withdrawal of authorisation to conduct mining-related activities.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The mining concession holder of Cerro Vanguardia, the Company’s operation in Argentina, is AngloGold Ashanti’s partner, Fomento Minero de Santa Cruz S.E. (“Fomicruz”), which is wholly owned by the Santa Cruz Province. On 27 December 1996, Fomicruz entered into a usufruct agreement whereby CVSA was granted an irrevocable right to exploit the Cerro Vanguardia deposit (encompassing an area of approximately 543 km2) for a 40-year period. The mining licence (402642/CV/97), which covers the full Mineral Reserve, expires on 26 December 2036. CVSA is a corporation incorporated in Argentina indirectly controlled by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5 percent), with Fomicruz as minority shareholder (7.5 percent). On 14 August 1996, CVSA obtained its tax, customs and foreign exchange stability certificate, which expires in 2026.

Brazil

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

The Brazilian Constitution of 1934 states that, for purposes of exploration and exploitation, deposits and other Mineral Resources constitute property separate from the soil and belong to the Federal Union. Exploration and exploitation of such Mineral Resources may take place only with the Federal Union’s concession and in such a way as to protect the national interest. Federal law sets out penal and administrative sanctions for conduct and activities deemed harmful to the environment.

In Brazil, the National Mining Agency (“ANM”) is the state body within the Mines and Energy Ministry (“MME”) that is responsible for: (i) the registration of mining titles, (ii) the grant of authorisations and concessions, (iii) the supervision of mining activities and mining titleholders, and (iv) the issuance of supplementary rules in relation to mining activity.




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Under the current Brazilian Mining Code, there are two kinds of mines: (i) claimstake mines (minas manifestadas), for which rights were acquired before 1934 and exist independently of any mining licence or authorisation from the Federal Government and for which the Mineral Resources constitute property of the landowner, and (ii) granted mines, which are those that rely on grants from the Federal Government for mineral exploration or exploitation (pursuant to the Brazilian Constitution of 1988). AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Brazil consist of both claimstake mines and granted mines.

Mining activities in granted mines must be performed in two defined stages: (i) exploration, which entails defining and evaluating the deposit and determining the feasibility of exploitation, and (ii) exploitation, which involves coordinating operations aimed at the industrial exploitation of the mineral deposit, from the extraction of useful minerals to their processing. Exploration authorisations issued by the ANM are valid for one to four years. One extension can be obtained automatically as long as it is justified. For more than one extension, the extension request will have to satisfy specific legal requirements. In contrast, exploitation rights, once granted, are valid for the lifetime of the deposit, provided the mining titleholder complies with all legal requirements. Pursuant to these requirements, for example, titleholders must (i) start work on mineral exploitation within six months from the date of publication of the Exploitation Concession, (ii) continue their mining activities until the mineral deposit has been exhausted, in accordance with the Economic Exploitation Plan (Plano de Aproveitamento Econômico) approved by the ANM, and (iii) refrain from suspending mining activities without prior notice to the ANM.

Tax laws relating to mining

During the exploration period, the mining titleholder has to pay an Annual Rate per Hectare (Taxa Annual por Hectare or “TAH”), subject to a maximum value set by law. In the exploitation period, regardless of the legal regime governing the project La Colosa, voluntarily(whether claimstake or granted mines), the mining titleholder has to pay the Financial Compensation for Exploiting Mineral Resources (Compensação Financeira pela Exploração Mineral or “CFEM”). The CFEM which is 1.5 percent for gold is currently calculated based on revenues.

At the end of 2011 and the beginning of 2012, the states of Minas Gerais, Pará, Amapá and Mato Grosso do Sul each created a new “inspection and control” tax (duty) on extraction and exploration activities as well as on the use of Mineral Resource carried out in those states. In the state of Minas Gerais, gold ore and silver ore are exempted from the collection of this new duty. At the end of 2020, the state of Goiás created a new “inspection and control” tax (duty) on extraction and exploration activities carried out in this state, which currently still needs to be implemented. The constitutionality of these “inspection and control” taxes was upheld by the Supreme Court of Brazil on 1 August 2022.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Following the catastrophic failure of a tailings storage facility (“TSF”) at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil in January 2019, executive, legislative and judiciary bodies, both at the federal and state levels, have generally increased scrutiny of mining operations in Brazil, and of TSFs in particular, and have been considering, and in some cases have adopted, stricter laws and regulations applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs in Brazil.

At the federal level, the ANM issued Resolution No. 13/19 in August 2019 (replacing its earlier Resolution No. 4/19) which adopted additional regulatory measures to ensure the stability of TSFs, in particular those built or heightened by the upstream method or by any method declared as “unknown”. Among other things, ANM Resolution No. 13/19 prohibits the upstream method for the construction or heightening of tailings dams throughout the national territory of Brazil. It further requires operators to cease all storage and disposal activities at TSFs (known as “deactivation” or “desativação”) constructed or heightened upstream or by an “unknown” method by 15 September 2021 as well as to decommission such TSFs by 15 September 2022 to 15 September 2027 (depending on the capacity volume). To comply with the terms of ANM Resolution No. 13/19, the Serra Grande tailings dam in the state of Goiás must be decommissioned by 15 September 2025. The Serra Grande mine completed the process of reinforcing the dam walls of its upstream TSF, deactivating the TSF and migrating to dry-stacking operations, each by the 15 September 2021 deadline.

Furthermore, Federal Law No. 14.066/20, adopted in October 2020, also imposes requirements on companies to decommission upstream TSFs, including the Serra Grande tailings dam, by 25 February 2022 (which date is earlier than required by ANM Resolution No. 13/19). However, Federal Law No. 14.066/20 does permit extensions of the compliance deadline, with the consent of the ANM based on the technical plan for decommissioning. Serra Grande submitted timely requests to obtain an extension of the compliance deadline until 2025 in line with the timeline set forth in ANM Resolution No. 13/19 and presented its technical plan for decommissioning. On 26 May 2022, the ANM issued a technical note allowing the extension until 2025. With respect to downstream (or “centerline”) TSFs, Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires companies, to the extent that communities are located in the self-rescue zone of those TSFs, to implement one of the following measures for such structures: either (i) the structure must be deactivated and decommissioned, (ii) the population must be relocated, with reparations for loss of cultural heritage, or (iii) reinforcement works that guarantee the effective stability of the structure must be carried out, by decision of the public authorities, taking into account the previous nature of the dam in relation to the occupation and technical-financial viability of the alternatives. Even if reinforcement works are completed, deactivation and decommissioning of those TSFs will be required at the end of the life of the mine. All of the TSFs operated by AngloGold Ashanti in Brazil have communities located in self-rescue zones.




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As of 31 December 2022, AngloGold Ashanti has fully transitioned to dry-stacking operations for tailings storage at each location in Brazil. Capital expenditures required in 2022 to implement this new technology amounted to approximately $83 million. Capital expenditures for work required to comply with TSF-related requirements during the period 2023-2025 are expected to be material but, based on preliminary estimates to date, AngloGold Ashanti anticipates that annual expenditures for each of these years will be less than in prior years and will decline over time. Neither ANM Resolution No. 13/19 nor Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires removal of all tailings material in connection with the decommissioning of TSFs (a process known as “decharacterisation” or “descaracterização”).

At the state level, the state legislator in the state of Minas Gerais adopted Law No. 23.291/19 in February 2019 which contains the state’s policy on TSF safety and should be implemented in conjunction with the equivalent federal policy. Among other things, Law No. 23.291/19 determines the criteria for licensing and inspecting TSF structures, prohibits TSFs constructed or heightened using the upstream method, establishes bond requirements and holds management liable for non-compliance with its provisions. The government of Minas Gerais adopted several decrees in furtherance of this legislation.

In addition, ANM Resolution No. 95/22, which became effective on 22 February 2022, effectively consolidates prior federal resolutions on TSFs, including ANM Resolution No. 13/19, and establishes new criteria for the operational management of TSF structures, changes the criteria related to the risk classification of TSF structures and emergency levels and sets new criteria for the suspension, embargo (order to stop operations) and interdiction of TSF activities. Operators of TSFs were mandated to conduct and submit risk assessments to the ANM by December 2022 and are required to update those risk assessments every two years. Operators are also required, on an annual basis, to obtain certifications from external consultants of the geotechnical stability of TSF structures and the adequacy of emergency response plans. In late 2022, tailings deposition was required to be suspended since 2017 due to force majeure recognizedembargos at five of AngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Brazil pending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (Declaração de Conformidade e Operacionalidade (“DCO”)) as well as, at one such TSF, certification by external consultants of geotechnical stability (Declaração de Condição de Estabilidade (“DCE”)) consistent with the new standards. In addition, at the Calcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. Construction at the Calcinados TSF is expected to begin later in 2023, and the timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. Tailings deposition at the Calcinados TSF, as well as processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant, which services the Cuiabá mine complex, is suspended until additional buttressing of the Calcinados TSF impoundment is complete.

On 1 December 2022, the ANM published ANM Resolution No. 122/22, which relates to administrative sanctions for non-compliance with mining and dam safety regulations and which, in addition to significantly increasing the values of applicable fines and penalties, establishes procedures and parameters for available sanctions including seizures of ore, goods and equipment, suspension of mining activities, demolition of mine infrastructure and invalidation or cancellation of title and exploration licences.

Further amendments to the regulatory requirements in Brazil governing such TSFs and related dams are expected to be adopted in 2023.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

At AGA Mineraçao, Cuiabá has a single mining concession (No. 000.323/1973) covering a total area of 3,662 hectares. In February 2022, two additional mining concessions for Cuiabá (Nos. 830.937/1979 and 831.027/1980) were published, which cover an additional area of 816.2 hectares. Lamego has a single mining concession (No. 932.710/2017) covering a total area of 1,622 hectares. Córrego do Sítio is hosted by five geographically contiguous mining concessions (i.e., Nos. 930.556/2000, 930.181/2008, 830.129/1982, 833.472/2003 and 830.943/1979) covering a total area of 6,017 hectares.

At Serra Grande, the Company has interests in or agreements over 25,719.94 hectares in the Crixás greenstone belt, representing approximately 87 percent of the relevant tenements that correspond to all current exploration and mining activities. These have been held since 1987. The mining concessions include mining concession No. 002.286/1935 covering an area of 4,206.88 hectares, mining concession No. 960.658/1987 covering an area of 1,946.89 hectares, mining concession No. 860.746/2005 covering an area of 88.28 hectares, mining concession No. 862.103/1994 covering an area of 125.41 hectares and mining concession No. 804.366/1975 covering an area of 196.05 hectares.

All of the Company’s mining concessions in Brazil are currently active, in good legal and operational standing, and free of liabilities and/or major obligations. Brazilian mining concessions remain valid up to the depletion of the Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource pursuant to the Economic Exploitation Plan approved by the Colombia national mining authority, relating toANM and in accordance with the required environmental permits, required to continue the exploration activities.and as a result do not have an explicit expiry date.







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Colombia -

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

General regime

The Colombian Constitution declares that the sub-soil and the non-renewable natural resources located within the Colombian territory are the property of the Colombian State. The underlying principle of Colombian mining legislation for the granting of mining concession contracts over free areas is first in time, first in law. Mining activities are regulated by the Colombian Mining Code, Act 685, 2001.

The filing of an exploration and exploitation proposal triggers a right of preference to obtain rights over the targeted area, provided it is available. Such area cannot exceed 10,000 hectares. Upon receipt of a proposal, the relevant government agency determines whether another proposal or contract already governs the area. If there are no pre-existing claims, the government agency grants the applicant a “free area”.

With respect to land ownership, a mining concession in Colombia does not grant the rights over the surface required to develop a mining project. Therefore, in order to develop a mining project, it is required to acquire and secure access to the land (soil). This can be achieved in several ways, such as (i) purchase of the land, (ii) a transit easement, (iii) a mining easement, and (iv) the special acquisition process or expropriation.

Concession contract

As the sub-soil and the non-renewable natural resources located within the Colombian territory are property of the Colombian State, the Colombian Mining Authority (Agencia Nacional de Minería) grants the authorisation to explore and exploit minerals through a concession contract.

Such concessions allow concessionaires to conduct the studies, works and facilities necessary to establish the existence of minerals and to organise their exploitation. Upon being awarded a mining concession, a company must take out an insurance policy to cover the costs associated with potential environmental damage as well as breaches of its mining obligations. It may then proceed with exploration activities. Once the exploration phase is complete, the concessionaire files a new plan regarding proposed works and facilities. With the award of the mining concession or tenement contract, there are specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, e.g. exploration, construction, exploitation. The company must comply with these timelines unless performance is suspended, for example, due to force majeure or these timelines are extended or modified. A grant of force majeure is for one year and must be renewed on an annual basis. If the company does not comply with the specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, the mining authority may revoke the company's concession contracts or mining licences. As a general matter, any company that wishes to obtain a renewal of its concession contract must be up to date in all its legal and contractual obligations and must present a new plan of works and facilities to be implemented after the contract is renewed.

PINES programme

In 2013, the national government instituted the PINES programme designed to aid promoting certain projects that are deemed to have a national interest. This designation provides for greater oversight from the national government. All of our three advanced exploration projects (La Colosa, Quebradona and Gramalote) were considered of national strategic interest. Currently, Quebradona and Gramalote remain in the PINES programme, but La Colosa was temporarily removed as such (until the force majeure is over).
Description
Tax laws relating to mining

From the moment the concession contract is registered with the Mining Register, the concessionaire has several financial obligations, including the payment of (i) a surface fee during the exploration, construction and assembly stage and (ii) royalties.

Once exploration is complete and the mining infrastructure in place, the concessionaire must begin paying royalties to the Colombian government, consisting of a percentage of the primary product and sub-products being exploited. The percentage of the royalty depends on the regulation in force when the concession contract is registered. In the case of the Quebradona project, the deposit mainly consists of copper followed by gold and silver. There is a five percent royalty for copper on the production value at the mine’s or well’s edge (i.e. when extracted from the subsoil). In case of gold and silver, a royalty of four percent on the production valued at the mine’s or well’s edge (i.e. when extracted from the subsoil) was established.

Furthermore, Colombian law establishes that once the environmental licence is granted the concessionaire must invest one percent of the project’s value to benefit the basins covered by the environmental licence.







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Environmental laws relating to mining

In order to obtain an authorisation to carry out a mining project, a company must prepare an Environmental Impact Study (“EIA”) for approval by the National Environmental Licensing Authority of Colombia (Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales or “ANLA”). Global environmental licences are granted for the entire life of the project and cover all phases: construction, assembly, operation, maintenance, dismantling, final restoration, abandonment and/or termination. Construction and assembly permits (Plan de Trabajos y Obras or “PTO”) are granted by the mining authority with jurisdiction over the project.

In Colombia, the mining authority has the discretion to declare the underlying concession void if the specific company which holds the concession breaches applicable environmental laws or regulations. If the mining authority were to exercise such discretion, a company whose concession was voided would be required to abandon its projects and all of its other existing mining concession contracts. Pending proposals for new mining concession contracts would also be cancelled and the company would be banned from doing business with the Colombian government for a period of five years. As a result, the company would be unable to conduct any mining exploration or development activities during such period. However, this would not affect other subsidiaries of the company operating in Colombia, if those concession contracts are held singularly or in concert with joint venture partners.

Mining activity is prohibited in national parks, regional parks, protected forest reserves, paramos (included in Act 1753, introduced in 2015) and wetlands, pursuant to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance. Some forest reserves are not “protected” but are set aside for active forestry purposes and the concessionaire must obtain a specific permit to partially and temporarily change the use of the soil before pursuing exploration activities. In addition, Resolution 1987/2016, passed by the national government in late 2016, identifies areas that the Ministry of the Environment has determined to be “paramos” areas, or paramos transition areas. In these areas there are limitations on industrial or commercial work being performed, including mining. The regulation also specifies a process to determine what work, if any, can be performed in a paramos-designated area.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The La Colosa project managed by AngloGold Ashanti Colombia S.A.S. (“AGA Colombia”) remains in force majeure due to delays in granting environmental permits by national and local environmental authorities, thereby preventing AGA Colombia from undertaking further exploration activities. The most recent one-year grant of force majeure, during which time the specified timelines for completing the various phases of the mining project under the concession contract are suspended, will expire on 22 June 2023. AGA Colombia applied for a mining area integration (consolidation) of its concession contracts related to La Colosa, in respect of which AGA Colombia was not in compliance with some of the specified timelines. The application for mining area integration (consolidation) was approved in March 2017, which remedied the non-compliance of each consolidated concession and reset the specified timelines. La Colosa now has a single integrated mining concession contract (EIG-163) which covers a total area of 9,210 hectares and expires on 28 February 2037.

Minera de Cobre Quebradona S.A.S. B.I.C. (“MCQ”) which manages the Quebradona project, obtained the integration of concession agreement 5881 in October 2016 and registered in December 2016. As a result, MCQ was granted the exclusive right to explore, take ownership and dispose of the mineral reserves (ore) extracted from the concession area. MCQ has the right to request an extension of up to 30 years, at least two years before the expiration of the operating period. This extension is not automatic, and the request must be filed with new technical, economic, environmental and social studies that demonstrate the status of the mineral resources. Concession contract 5881 initially covered a total area of 7,593 hectares, which was reduced to 4,881.89 hectares by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia) on 4 March 2022. It will expire in May 2037 and is currently in its seventh year of the integrated exploration phase. In September 2021, the permits for the construction and mining operation were approved by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia). On 4 November 2021, ANLA officially notified AngloGold Ashanti of its decision to ‘archive’ the environmental licence application relating to the Quebradona project. ANLA has neither denied nor granted the licence, but deemed that the information provided by AngloGold Ashanti is not enough for this authority to take a substantive decision. On 18 November 2021, AngloGold Ashanti appealed the archiving decision in order to secure further details on the specific additional information ANLA requires to make a determination. ANLA denied the appeal on 29 April 2022 and the archiving decision was confirmed. AngloGold Ashanti is in the process of preparing a new Environmental Impact Assessment for the Quebradona project to submit to ANLA in connection with its environmental licence application.

The Gramalote project is organised as a joint arrangementoperation between AngloGold Ashanti (through AGA Colombia Holdings Limited and AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc) and B2Gold Corp (B2Gold)(through B2Gold Corp. and Graminvest Ventures Limited). SinceGramalote Limited, a company incorporated under the beginninglaws of 2020, B2GoldBritish Virgin Islands which is responsible for the management oflegal vehicle operating the joint operation, established a Colombian branch, Gramalote Colombia Limited (“GCL”), to carry out activities in Colombia and obtain the mining concession contracts necessary to develop the Gramalote project. The Gramalote joint operation has been operated by B2Gold since January 2020. Pursuant to an integrated mining concession contract No. 14292, GCL was granted the exclusive right to explore, take ownership and AngloGold Ashanti and B2Gold now each hold 50 percentdispose of the attributable shares in Gramalote Limited.

The property is located nearmineral reserves (ore) extracted from the townconcession area (which covers a total area of Providencia8,720.71 hectares and San Jose del Nus within the municipality of San Roque in the, northwest Department of Antioquia, Colombia. It is approximately 124 kilometres northeast of Medellin which is the regional capital of the Antioquia Department. The region encompassing Gramalote has a long history of artisanal gold mining. Gramalote itself has had small scale artisanal mining for several decades prior to exploration work and mineral discovery by AngloGold Ashanti.

Development of the Gramalote project commenced with a scoping study in 2009. Several studies followed, leading to submission of a prefeasibility study in late 2013, which did not meet investment hurdles. From 2014 to 2017 intensive work was undertaken by all technical disciplines to identify ways to improve the project economics. The main changes were an improved orebody model, grade streaming to increase the feed grade in the early years and early treatment of the oxide ore that overlies the main sulphide resource. An enhanced prefeasibility study was completed in September 2017, which supported the reporting of a maiden Ore Reserve. During 2020, for the feasibility study, an updated resource model was completed, providing information necessary for the pit design. Also in 2020 the process plant designs and the mining engineering and metallurgical studies were completed; the Infrastructure design work continues in 2021. The results of the feasibility study are expected in the second quarter of 2021 which will be submitted for board approval.

Gramalote comprises one integrated exploitation concession and one exploration concession which was granted in June 2019. The first, the 14292-concession totalling 8,720.71ha, expires on 3 April 2043 and containsincludes the Gramalote and Monjas deposits. The second isanomalies) until April 2043. GCL has the 4894 concession which covers 2,292.81haright to request an extension of the operating period for up to 20 years, and, hosts the Trinidad deposit. In 2016, the project received itsif exercised, such request to extend must include new technical, economic, environmental and construction permits to operate forsocial studies that demonstrate the life of mine. According to Colombian mining law the exploration phase begins as soon as the concession contract is registered in the National Mining Registry. The total period for the concession contract (exploration, installation and construction, and exploitation) is 30 years, which may be renewed for an additional 20-year period. Under Colombian mining law, producing mines are subject to a federal royalty of four percent on 80 percentstatus of the value of gold and silver production. Thus the Gramalote net royalty is 3.2 percent on gold and silver production.mineral resources. Currently, concession contract

Geology
The Gramalote deposit is located in the northern portion of the Central Cordillera of Colombia. The terrain is mainly composed of a metamorphic basement complex and the Antioquia Batholith. The terrane of the Cajamarca-Valdivia basement consists of metamorphic rocks, volcanic rocks, oceanic ophiolites and intrusive rocks. The Antioquia Batholith, which is of Upper Cretaceous age, covers an area of 7221 km2 and constitutes the core of the Central Cordillera. About 92 percent of this intrusive corresponds to tonalite and granodiorite and eight percent to two subordinate types of rocks - granodiorite to quartz-monzonite and gabbro. From a structural point of view, the Antioquia Batholith has a history of uplift. Major lineaments affect the batholith, especially in its eastern sector where they trend west northwest varying to northwest, where they show rotation and sinistral shear movement. Westward dextral transpression dominates along the Romeral Fault System.

Gramalote is an intrusive-hosted structurally controlled stockwork gold and silver deposit. Mineralisation is controlled by north-east/south-west trending shear zones and north-northwest/ south-southeast trending shear extensional zones affecting the tonalites and granodiorites
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Colombia - Quebradona
Description
The Quebradona projectNo. 14292 is situated in the Middle Cauca regionphase of Colombia, inconstruction and assembly, pending resettlement of communities and the Departmentformal start of Antioquia, 60 kilometres south-west of Medellin. The Quebradona project is 100% ownedconstruction activities. GCL has received an environmental licence granted by ANLA and managed by AngloGold Ashanti, after B2Gold was diluted in 2019permits for the construction and became entitled to receive a royaltymining operation which will be boundwere approved by the Termsrelevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia). GCL also holds an exploration concession No. 4894 (which covers a total area of 2,279.32 hectares and includes the Royalty Agreement. The project has completedTrinidad anomaly) which expires in 2044 and an exploration concession No. QHQ-16081 (which covers a conceptual studytotal area of 9.78 hectares) which expires in 2016, as well as a prefeasibility study in 2019, which supported the reporting of a maiden Ore Reserve.

The feasibility study currently underway is expected to be completed in early 2021.2052. Following the completion of the feasibility study in the second half of 2022, AngloGold Ashanti and B2Gold determined that the Gramalote project does not meet their investment thresholds for development. Following a comprehensive review of the alternatives relating to the project, will be submittedboth joint operation parties commenced a joint sales process for board approval. If approved, the Gramalote project, will require receipt of environmental and mining licenses to start implementation.which is currently ongoing.

Five main targets have been identified, namely Nuevo Chaquiro, Aurora, Tenedor, IsabelaUnited States of America (Nevada)

General laws relating to mining and La Sola. Nuevo Chaquiroland ownership

General regime

Mineral and surface rights in the United States are owned by private parties, state governments or the federal government. The majority of land utilised for precious metals exploration, development and mining in the western United States is owned by the most advancedfederal government. The right to mine on such federal land in western states is governed by the U.S. General Mining Law of 1872, as amended (the “General Mining Law”), as well as relevant state statutes and regulations. The General Mining Law allows mining claims (for mining and mining-related activities) on certain federal lands after proper compliance with claim location and maintenance requirements.

Mineral exploration activities in Nevada are also generally subject to applicable federal, state, and local permitting requirements, but the specific regulatory authorisations required for the company’s activities are based on the nature and location of the targets. Nuevo Chaquiro,exploratory work. Many of the company’s Nevada operations are currently conducted under what is generally referred to under federal law as a notice-level operation subject to 43 CFR § 3809.21, while projects that are more advanced require additional permitting, including a Plan of Operations approved by the federal Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”). The State of Nevada Division of Environmental Protection’s Bureau of Mining Regulation and Reclamation (“BMRR”) also regulates mining within the state of Nevada. However, exploration projects of five acres or less on federal land, the scope of a notice-level operation under federal law, are exempt from BMRR regulation. Certain of the company’s early-stage exploration activities fall within this exemption.

The company is currently engaged in exploration activities on certain of its unpatented claims that include, but are not limited to, geological and spectral mapping, surface geochemical sampling, geophysical surveying and RC and/or diamond drilling.

Potential regulatory changes

Over the years, the U.S. Congress has considered a number of proposed amendments to the General Mining Law and other federal statutes relating to mining. Among the significant features contained in previously proposed legislation were a production royalty obligation, new and more stringent environmental standards and conditions, additional reclamation requirements, extensive new procedural steps which would likely result in extended permitting timelines, and granting counties and other entities the ability to petition the U.S. Secretary of the Interior to make certain areas unavailable for the location of unpatented mining claims. In June 2020, former President Trump signed an executive order directing certain federal agencies to streamline the review processes associated with permitting of infrastructure and natural resources projects. Many of those policies have subsequently been rescinded by the Biden administration. While certain other executive orders may favorably affect the timing of our permit and project approvals, the impact is yet to be determined and remains uncertain.

There are a number of bills being proposed to the Nevada state legislature during the 2023 legislative session that could impact the company’s planned operations. These include proposed legislation that would alter the way water rights are administered by the state, as well as a bill that would, if enacted, impose additional requirements for environmental review of mineral development projects in Nevada. At this stage, it is not possible to evaluate whether these bills will be enacted in any form by the Nevada state legislature or, if passed, what impact any might have on AGA.

AGA is currently unaware of any other new federal or state legislative or regulatory changes or rule-making that has been proposed or enacted that would adversely affect its current exploration programmes. If any requirements, standards or conditions were adopted in the future that imposed additional or new obligations or costs on AGA in connection with our exploration or extraction activities in the United States, the company’s operations in Nevada could be adversely affected.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

In Nevada, the company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries hold a significant copper-gold porphyry, is onenumber of five known porphyry centresunpatented mining claims on the propertyfederal lands. The Silicon project consists of approximately 950 unpatented mining claims. The North Bullfrog project consists of 45 patented and has been the focus of exploration activities since the beginning of 2011 with more than 75 kilometres of drilling completed. Nuevo Chaquiro was the sole deposit consideredapproximately 1,600 unpatented mining claims (covering approximately 32,000 acres) situated in the feasibility study.Bullfrog mining district. There are also nine mining leases within the North Bullfrog project the majority of which continue in perpetuity so long as the company meets certain minimal requirements for use of the land. One mining lease is scheduled to expire in 2031. The Mother
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Lode project consists of 13 unpatented mining claims. The North Bullfrog and Mother Lode projects are now controlled by the company as a result of its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Corvus Gold Inc., which closed on 18 January 2022. The southern claim block, encompassing the Sterling mine and other properties in the same general area, consists of approximately 1,900 unpatented claims (covering approximately 35,000 acres), which are now controlled by the company as a result of its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Coeur Sterling, Inc. (a subsidiary of Coeur Mining, Inc.), which closed on 4 November 2022. As a result of this acquisition, the company now controls a past-producing mine site in southern Nevada known as the Sterling mine, which has one applicable mining lease that expires in 2029, with the option to extend the lease for an additional ten-year period. Although the Sterling mine is currently in care and maintenance status, it remains subject to complex permitting and regulatory requirements, including compliance with relevant provisions of the U.S. Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 and oversight by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”).

Quebradona comprises one tenement (5881) which is the result of the integration of the five original tenements (5869, 6318, 6359, 7579 and 5881). Integrated tenement 5881 was issued on the 9 December 2016 and totals 7,593ha and is valid until May 2037.MINE SITE REHABILITATION AND CLOSURE

Quebradona will be a copper mine with gold and silver as by-products. The project is close to existing highway, state and rural roads, and HV/MV power infrastructure. The planned mining method is sub level caving. The planned underground infrastructure consistsClosure, an integral part of an adit to access the orebody and number of internal vertical ore passes that gravity feeds to the main ore transfer level. The material will be transferred to the main internal crusher by load and haul dump vehicles. Crushed material will then be transferred downhill to surface via a six kilometre conveyor, in a dedicated adit to a coarse ore stockpile. The project is expected to treat 6.2Mt annually to produce three billion pounds of copper and 1.5Moz of gold and 21Moz of Silver over a potential 23-year life.operations

GeologyAll mining operations eventually cease. An integral aspect of operating AngloGold Ashanti’s mines is ongoing planning for site closure and, where feasible, implementation of concurrent rehabilitation, together with an estimate of associated liability costs and the placement of adequate financial provisions and assurances to cover these costs.

AngloGold Ashanti integrates mine closure planning throughout the mine life cycle as follows:
•Exploration stage: developing a plan and programme for cessation and closure of exploration activities in a manner that meets local laws and AngloGold Ashanti's mine closure planning standard.
•Project phase: developing conceptual closure plans and cost estimates for all projects and including them in project feasibility studies, designs and evaluations.
•Operational phase: developing and periodically updating mine closure plans and cost estimates with increasing levels of detail and confidence over the operational phase as part of the business planning process. Closure plan updates take into account operational conditions, planning and regulatory requirements as well as advances in technology and international industry good practice (e.g., the ICMM Integrated Mine Closure Good Practice Guide). Concurrent rehabilitation, which is carried out while a mine is still operational, is a good practice that serves to decrease the final rehabilitation and closure work as well as the ultimate liability.
•Closure period: implementing the final closure plan starting at cessation of operations through a period of decommissioning, dismantling and rehabilitation until the point in time where management of the site is largely limited to monitoring and maintenance.

The host rock geology of Nuevo Chaquiro comprises a volcaniclastic sequence of Miocene age (ash, tuffs, agglomerates and andesites) intruded by small dykes of diorite and quartz diorite, also of Miocene age. The intrusions are by various pulses of dioritesCompany’s group mine closure planning standard stipulates that closure planning must be undertaken in consultation with the primary intrusive beingstakeholders. In the course of these consultations, different issues are raised which require site-specific solutions. Each mine closure plan includes a finesocial transition plan which seeks to medium grained quartz diorite. Mostminimise social impacts and maximise opportunities for local communities, including human resource, social infrastructure, economic and financial assets with the aim of enhancing the self-sustainability of mine communities after mine closure.

Provisions for decommissioning and restoration costs are made when there is a present obligation, it is probable that expenditure on decommissioning and restoration work will be required and the cost can be estimated within a reasonable range of possible outcomes. These costs are based on currently available facts, technology expected to be available at the time of the intrusives do not outcrop. These intrusivesrehabilitation, laws and regulations presently or virtually certain to be enacted and previous experience in the rehabilitation of mine sites.

Decommissioning costs and restoration costs are categorisedprovided at the present value of the expenditures expected to settle the obligation, using estimated cash flows based on current prices. Estimates are discounted at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money.

Total provisions for decommissioning and for environmental restoration activities (excluding joint ventures) decreased by $95 million from $673 million in 2021 to $578 million in 2022. This decrease was mainly due to changes in estimates resulting from changes in discount rates, changes in global economic assumptions, changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows as well as changes in the design of TSFs.

SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE (“ESG”) MATTERS

AngloGold Ashanti’s sustainability approach is fundamental to how the Company operates its business, as well as its ability to create long-term value for its shareholders, employees and social partners through safely and responsibly exploring, mining and marketing its products. Sustainability and safety are integrated into pre-mineral, early, intra-mineralthe Company’s business and late, according to cross cutting relations, localityoperations at all levels through various frameworks, standards and copper-gold values. The developed alteration follows apolicies, and the Company measures its performance in achieving its goals against its sustainability and other ESG metrics, as well zoned porphyry type alteration system ranging from a high temperature, potassium silicate central zone (biotite, magnetite, chalcopyrite,as its engagement with stakeholders.

In mitigating the risks and molybdenite)impacts that are an inherent part of its business, AngloGold Ashanti is informed by an annual assessment of its key ESG issues. This process is aligned with guidance published by the International Integrated Reporting Council (“IIRC”), which trends into an overlying sericitic alteration zone (muscovite, chlorite, quartz, pyrite,+-tourmaline) surrounded by more distal propylitic alteration (chlorite, epidote, illite, carbonate). There is also an inner core of calcic-potassic alteration featuring biotite, actinolite, epidote,the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (“SASB”), the Global Reporting Initiative (“GRI”) Standards and anhydrite with lower copper, gold and molybdenum values. The mineralised zone is characterised by fine stock works, disseminations and veinlets of quartz, magnetite, pyrite, chalcopyrite and molybdenite.



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the Accountability AA1000 Stakeholder Management Standard. This assessment is annually reviewed by AngloGold Ashanti’s senior leadership and approved by the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee (the “SES Committee”).

AngloGold Ashanti’s board of directors, assisted by the SES Committee, has ultimate responsibility over environmental, safety, health and ethical matters and for the integration of sustainability objectives into AngloGold Ashanti’s business. This includes oversight of the Company’s stakeholder engagement framework and structures, which apply to investors, employees, governments, suppliers and communities, at every stage of its business from exploration to mine closure. Group Corporate Affairs and Sustainability is responsible for development of management systems and supports the Company’s general managers in the day-to-day implementation of its sustainability strategy.

AngloGold Ashanti maintains a set of policies and procedures to guide the Company in acting as a responsible corporate citizen, including the Code of Business Principles and Ethics which sets requirements for the implementation of key corporate policies and guidelines and applies to all management and employees, and to maintain compliance with applicable environmental, health and safety (“EHS”) laws. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti continued with the implementation of the Integrated Sustainability Information Management System (“iSIMS”), in order to improve internal reporting and better integrate, manage and monitor sustainability activities with respect to its broader business. This common management and reporting application for all sustainability disciplines, from safety, health and security to community and environmental management, is expected to help provide timely information in each of these areas, and to facilitate transparency and decision-making in its processes and practices.

Significant EHS requirements and ESG risks and trends affecting the Company’s mining and processing operations are described below.

EHS Regulatory Compliance

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to extensive EHS laws and regulations in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. These requirements govern, among other things, extraction, use, conservation and discharge of water; air emissions (including dust control and greenhouse gases (“GHGs”)); mine and dam safety, regulatory and community reporting; clean-up of contamination; land use and conservation of protected areas; rehabilitation and closure of mined land; worker health and safety and community health; and the generation, transportation, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes, such as reagents, radioactive materials, and mine tailings. Environmental laws and regulations applicable to the Company’s operations, including the requirements contained in environmental permits, are generally becoming more restrictive.

Capital and operating costs to comply with EHS laws and regulations have been, and are expected to continue to be, significant to AngloGold Ashanti. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti could incur fines, penalties and other sanctions, environmental clean-up costs, and third-party claims for personal injury or property or natural resources damages; suffer reputational damage; and be required to install costly pollution control equipment or to modify or suspend facilities, such as TSFs, or operations, as a result of actual or alleged violations of, or liabilities under, EHS laws and regulations. Failure to comply with applicable EHS laws and regulations may also result in the suspension or revocation of permits and, in some jurisdictions, the right to mine a given concession. AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to obtain and maintain permits and other approvals and to successfully operate near host communities may be adversely impacted by real or perceived effects on the environment or human health and safety associated with AngloGold Ashanti’s or other mining companies’ activities. In addition, unknown environmental hazards may exist at the Company’s properties which may have been caused by previous owners or operators.

Water Management

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are heavily dependent upon access to substantial volumes of water for use in the mining and extractive processes and typically are subject to water-use permits or rights to extract water from certain natural sources that govern usage and require, among other things, that mining operations maintain certain water quality upon discharge. Water supply, quality and usage are areas of concern across all of the Company’s operations, including with respect to the Company’s mining operations in Ghana and Brazil, its mine development projects in Nevada, as well as its mine development project at Quebradona in Colombia. Any failure by the Company to secure access to suitable water supplies, or achieve and maintain compliance with applicable requirements of the permits or licences, could result in curtailment or halting of production at the affected operations. Incidents of water pollution or shortage can, in certain cases, lead to community protest and ultimately to the withdrawal of community and government support for AngloGold Ashanti’s operations. A failure by the Company to comply with water contamination related directives may result in further, more stringent, directives being issued against the Company, which may, in some cases, result in a temporary or partial shutdown of some of the Company’s operations.

Where feasible, the Company operates a “closed loop” system which recycles the water used in its operations without discharging it to the environment. In some areas, however, such as Ghana and Brazil, high levels of rainfall and surface water runoff mean that a closed loop system is not feasible and that discharges, after water treatment where necessary, must take place.








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Waste Management

During open-pit mining, large volumes of soil and/or rock (overburden) are mined to expose the ore body. Similarly, waste rock is mined during drilling and developing access to underground ore bodies. Overburden and waste rock typically contain sub-economic levels of gold and are deposited as large waste rock facilities. Mine tailings are the process waste generated once grinding and extraction of gold from the ore is completed in the milling process and are typically deposited as slurry in large tailing storage facilities (“TSFs”) specifically designed for this purpose.

The impact of dust generation, breach, leak, or other failure of a waste rock facility or TSF, including any associated dam, can be significant, and the Company therefore monitors such facilities closely in accordance with the Company’s internal standards, independent review, national regulatory requirements, industry standards and commitments made to local communities. The occasional well-publicised failure of a third-party TSF and the potential impact of such failure also mean that these facilities are generally tightly regulated. A safety or environmental incident at the Company’s operations could result, among other things, in enforcement, including mandatory shutdown of a TSF and related facilities, obligations to remediate environmental contamination, negative press coverage, and claims for property or natural resources damages and personal injury by adjacent communities. Incidents at other mining companies’ operations could result in governmental action to tighten regulatory requirements and restrict certain mining activities, in particular with respect to TSFs, also in respect of other mine operators in that region.

For example, following the catastrophic failure of a TSF at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil in January 2019, tailings were discharged into the mine’s administrative area and part of the local community, reportedly resulting in death or injury to hundreds of people. As a result of this incident, there has been considerably increased regulatory scrutiny in Brazil and other areas on mining operations generally, and the requirements applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs have generally become far more stringent. For example, in late 2022, tailings deposition was suspended at five of AngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Brazil pending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (“DCO”) and/or geotechnical stability (“DCE”) consistent with new regulatory standards enacted in early 2022. In addition, at the Calcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. The timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. For further information on the regulatory framework governing TSFs in Brazil, see “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil”.

In addition, a new Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (“GISTM”) was established in August 2020 by a panel comprised of industry and non-governmental organisation (“NGO”) experts. AngloGold Ashanti has committed to comply with the GISTM at all of its TSFs by August 2025, and the costs related to meeting such standard are not expected to be material to AngloGold Ashanti.

In addition, AngloGold Ashanti could incur liabilities, or material costs to manage solid and hazardous waste generated by its mining activities, including dust and residual chemicals and metals. For example, AngloGold Ashanti expects to incur approximately $25 million to $30 million in capital expenditure and operating costs during 2023-2026 in connection with treatment and disposal of a quantity of legacy arsenic trioxide waste located at the Obuasi mine.

Groundwater Impacts and Environmental Remediation

As AngloGold Ashanti or its predecessors have a long history of mining operations in certain regions, issues may arise regarding historical, as well as potential future, environmental or health impacts in those areas, for which AGA, as the current owner/operator, may be legally responsible. For example, AngloGold Ashanti has identified groundwater contamination plumes at certain of its operations. Numerous scientific, technical and legal studies have been undertaken to assist in determining the magnitude of the impact and to find sustainable remediation solutions. Based on those studies as well as discussion with regulators, the Company has taken steps, including monitored natural attenuation and phyto-technologies, to address soil and groundwater contamination, including in Tanzania, where an in-situ remediation project to address sulfate in groundwater commenced operations in 2022.

Subject to the completion of site-specific trials and potential technologies being confirmed as viable remediation techniques, no reliable estimate can be made at this time for the obligation. Should these obligations be significant, this could have a material adverse impact upon AngloGold Ashanti’s results and its financial condition.

Climate Change and GHG Regulation

At AngloGold Ashanti, climate change is a board of directors-level governance issue, overseen by the SES Committee and the Audit and Risk Committee. AngloGold Ashanti’s Climate Change Strategy, which was approved by the board of directors in November 2021, seeks to embed the management of physical, regulatory and transition climate change-related risks, as well as climate change-related opportunities, into the Company’s strategic and operational planning processes.




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In 2021, AngloGold Ashanti committed to the International Council on Mining & Metals (“ICMM”) target of achieving net zero Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions by 2050. AngloGold Ashanti has also committed to achieving a 30 percent reduction in absolute Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030 (as compared to a 2021 baseline), and, in partnership with value chain partners, to set Scope 3 GHG reduction targets, if not by the end of 2023, as soon as possible thereafter.

In December 2015, certain members of the international community negotiated a treaty at the Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris (the “Paris Agreement”). The Paris Agreement, which came into force on 4 November 2016, requires developed countries to set targets for emissions reductions. As a result, measures designed to limit or reduce GHG emissions, both mandatory and voluntary, have been, and are expected to be, implemented at national or regional levels in various countries.
New regulatory requirements, or changes required to effectively transition to a low-carbon economy, could require AngloGold Ashanti to reduce its direct GHG emissions or energy use, change its fuel mix or incur significant costs for GHG emissions permits or taxes, including for those costs or taxes passed on by electricity utilities which supply the Company’s operations. AngloGold Ashanti could also incur significant costs associated with capital equipment, GHG monitoring and reporting and other obligations to comply with applicable requirements. The most likely source of these obligations is through nation state-level implementation of new emissions or financial obligations pursuant to evolving climate change regulatory regimes.

For example, in 2010, Brazil launched the National Climate Change Policy, which established a voluntary national GHG reduction target of 36.1 percent to 38.9 percent below the projected emissions in 2020 for “business as usual”. The policy required the development of sector-specific plans in order to meet the target and provided for a Brazilian GHG trading scheme, which is yet to be designed. While Brazil is not yet requiring mandatory GHG emissions reporting at the national level, some state environmental agencies have requested companies to voluntarily submit GHG emissions management plans. However, the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais (in which AngloGold Ashanti operates) do not currently require GHG emissions management plans for mining projects. In 2015, Brazil announced, in connection with its commitments under the Paris Agreement, economy-wide absolute mitigation targets providing for a 37 percent reduction in GHG emissions by 2025, as compared to 2005, and a goal to reduce GHG emissions by 43 percent by 2030 compared to 2005 levels.

In addition, in Australia, the Safeguard Mechanism (Rule 2015), through the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (“NGER”) scheme, provides a framework for Australia’s largest emitters to measure, report and manage their emissions. The Safeguard Mechanism applies to facilities with Scope 1 covered GHG emissions of more than 100,000 tonnes of CO2e per fiscal year. During the 2018/19 fiscal year, Tropicana’s emissions were within its authorised threshold and Sunrise Dam was required to purchase offsets for emissions that were 0.8 percent above its safeguard threshold, the cost of which was immaterial. Two amendments to the Safeguard Mechanism (Rule 2015) enacted in March 2019 and May 2020 allowed for the application of transitional calculated baselines using estimated CO2-e emissions intensities. Based on the production and emissions forecasts, the Australian mining operations applied to use transitional calculated baselines in 2020 for Sunrise Dam and Tropicana, which were approved by the Clean Energy Regulator effective 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2022 for both operations. Thereafter, the Australian mining operations will be required to apply production-adjusted baselines and, if actual emissions exceed the baseline, to purchase emissions offsets for the business. In any event, the cost of such offsets, if ultimately required to be purchased, including due to a change in the operations under the business plan prior to June 2022, are not expected to be material to the Company’s business.

In addition to more stringent requirements and commitments, AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are subject to a number of physical risks from climate change, such as changes in rainfall rates or patterns resulting in floods or droughts, reduced water availability, higher temperatures and extreme weather events. Such events or conditions, particularly including flooding or inadequate water supplies, could disrupt mining and transport operations, mineral processing and rehabilitation efforts, create resource or energy shortages or damage the Company’s property or equipment and increase health and safety risks on site. In consultation with external consultants, physical climate risk assessments were undertaken for all operations using current climate models for the business and various decarbonisation scenarios and climate adaptation plans were outlined. These physical climate risks will be further reviewed and refined in 2023.

Occupational Safety and Health

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to a variety of laws and regulations in each of the jurisdictions where the Company operates that are designed to protect and improve the safety and health of employees. In some of the jurisdictions in which AngloGold Ashanti operates, the government enforces compulsory shutdowns of operations to enable investigations into the cause of accidents and introduce corrective measures at those operations.

Safety remains a priority for AngloGold Ashanti and a focus of AngloGold Ashanti’s long-term sustainability approach, as well as the Company’s continuing efforts to manage the risks inherent to its operations, to model critical controls and to strengthen safety protocols and preventative measures. AngloGold Ashanti has made significant strides in improving safety. In 2022, there was a 41 percent reduction in year-on-year total recordable injury frequency rate, and no fatalities at any of the mines operated by AngloGold Ashanti.

AngloGold Ashanti’s Group Safety Strategy, which is updated every three years, seeks to integrate operational risk management and key performance indicators at all levels of the organisation and maintain alignment with global safety standards. The SES



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Committee oversees the implementation of the Group Safety Strategy. All operations, have been certified to ISO 45001:2018, which has replaced the OHSAS 18001:2007 series.

Community Health and Tropical Diseases

AngloGold Ashanti is also subject to health and safety regulations relating to occupational disease. The primary areas of focus in respect of occupational health of employees within the Company’s operations are noise-induced hearing loss (“NIHL”) and occupational lung diseases (“OLD”). OLD includes occupational tuberculosis and silicosis in individuals exposed to silica dust. Silicosis has been particularly prevalent in South Africa and has also arisen at the Company’s Africa region and Brazilian operations, albeit to a far lesser extent. AngloGold Ashanti provides occupational health services to its employees at its occupational health centres, clinics, and through outsourced service centres. The Company continues to expand preventative occupational hygiene initiatives, such as implementing various control measures to prevent hazardous exposures, and providing employees with Personal Protective Equipment.

In 2019, the Johannesburg High Court approved the settlement of existing silicosis and tuberculosis class actions against AngloGold Ashanti and other gold mining companies in South Africa. The recent sale of the Company’s South African operating assets and liabilities did not include the silicosis or tuberculosis settlement obligations relating to South African employees, which were retained by AngloGold Ashanti. For further information, see “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1.2—Statement of Compliance—Significant Accounting Judgements and Estimates—Provision for silicosis”.

In addition to OLD, HIV and AIDS and associated diseases remain major health care challenges faced by AngloGold Ashanti’s Africa region operations. AngloGold Ashanti continues to implement programmes to help those infected with HIV and prevent new infections from spreading.

Malaria and other tropical diseases also pose health risks at all of the Company’s operations in Central, West and East Africa where such diseases may assume epidemic proportions because of ineffective national control programmes. Malaria is a major cause of death in young children and pregnant women and also gives rise to deaths and absenteeism in adults. All affected Company operations in Africa have malaria control programmes in place. The Ghana Obuasi malaria control programme activities have been completed in 16 districts of Ghana as planned for 2022 and a new cycle of indoor residual spraying will commence in 2023; in partnership with the Global Fund and the Ghana Department of Health.

In 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic subsided significantly with decreases in reporting of severe disease or deaths. Nevertheless, AngloGold Ashanti continued to direct resources for close surveillance and maintenance of controls within the company with a view to ensure continuity of its operations and avoid any potential disruption in the event of a re-emergence of the pandemic. Universal access to safe and effective vaccines provided an additional layer of protection, especially against severe forms of disease, hospitalisation and death. The company endeavoured to continue to provide prompt access to approved and available vaccines for all workers, especially employees considered to be at high risk as well as employees with critical skills.

The emergence of COVID-19 however also assisted to better integrate broad health risk management beyond occupational health into the overall business strategy, to contribute to productivity as well as the social licence to operate and to improve various prevention and risk management protocols in place to address the potential risk of an epidemic or pandemic, particularly after the company’s experience with Ebola in Guinea in 2014 and 2015.

The company focused on optimising mental wellbeing, minimising non-communicable diseases associated with lifestyle as well as the need for systematic contribution to health system strengthening, local skill development and overall community development in the jurisdictions in which it operates. Such risks impair the health of workers and negatively affect productivity and profitability as a result of workers’ diminished focus or skill, absenteeism, treatment costs and allocated resources. As part of AngloGold Ashanti’s continuing efforts, the company recently approved the newly updated health, hygiene and wellbeing standards based on identified major health hazards or risks which include gender, cultural and other applicable diversity considerations for risk management and controls.

Diversity and Inclusion (“D&I”)

With more than 30,000 employees (including contractor employees) on four continents, AngloGold Ashanti believes that having a diverse and inclusive workforce is important to continuing to attract talent in order to maintain competitiveness and the long-term sustainability of its business. In addition, the Company strives to have a workforce that represents the societies in which AngloGold Ashanti operates in connection with maintaining its social licence to operate.

AngloGold Ashanti’s D&I approach is aligned to the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (“UNSDGs”) (SDG 5, 8 and 10) and the United Nations Global Compact (“UNGC”). The Company has developed a Diversity & Inclusion Framework, which aims to foster the empowerment of all staff, irrespective of race, gender, ethnicity, religion and sexual orientation and has established specific priorities and actions for the next two to five years to foster the inclusion of D&I objectives in its processes. Leadership teams are responsible for meeting defined diversity targets. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti conducted an analysis of global gender data across job level, function and country. The analysis was carried out to inform AngloGold Ashanti’s D&I strategy.




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Human Rights and Indigenous Peoples

In its commitment to respecting and promoting human rights, AngloGold Ashanti supports the United Nations Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights (“UNGP”) and other international initiatives, including the UNGC and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights (“VPSHR”). The VPSHR, which seeks to balance safety and security needs against respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, were developed through multi-stakeholder participation between governments, extractive industry members and NGOs. Community and security related matters, including with respect to illegal and artisanal and small-scale mining and related intrusions into the Company’s operational areas, are addressed at board of directors-level by the SES Committee. AngloGold Ashanti’s internal Human Rights Framework includes numerous policies, management standards and guidance documents which apply to all of its employees, contractors and suppliers and require reporting of, and redress for, human rights violations and related allegations.

The Company is aligned with the ICMM Position Statement on Indigenous Peoples and the International Finance Corporation’s Performance Standard 7 on Indigenous Peoples and other international standards and treaties in the area of Indigenous Peoples’ rights.







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ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI GLOBAL FOOTPRINT: 2022
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Operations and projects


Notes
(1) Gramalote is managed by B2Gold Corp ("B2Gold").
(2) AngloGold Ashanti acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold Inc. ("Corvus Gold") acquisition in January 2022.
(3) AngloGold Ashanti acquired Sterling through the Coeur Sterling, Inc. ("Coeur Sterling") acquisition in November 2022.
(4) Kibali is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick").





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OPERATING PERFORMANCE

Group description

AngloGold Ashanti is an independent global gold mining company with a diverse high-quality portfolio of operations, projects and exploration activities and is headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa.

In 2022, our portfolio of ten operations in seven countries includes long-life operating assets with differing ore body types located in key gold-producing regions around the world. These operating assets were supported by greenfields projects in Colombia and a focused global exploration programme, including exploration in the United States.

Our operations and projects are grouped into the following regions: Africa, Americas and Australia.

On 12 February 2020, the Company announced that it had reached an agreement with Harmony to sell all its remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities. The sale closed on 30 September 2020. On 10 November 2020, the Company announced that it had completed the sale of its interest in the Morila mine in Mali and on 30 December 2020, the Company announced that it had completed the sale of its interest in the Sadiola Mine in Mali.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations and joint arrangements employed, on average, 32,594 people (including contractors) in 2022 (2021: 30,561).

Performance

In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti produced attributable 2.742 million ounces of gold (2021: 2.472 million ounces), as well as 3.2 million ounces of silver and 352 tonnes of sulphuric acid as by-products.

Production of 2.742 million ounces of gold was achieved in 2022 at a cost of sales of $3.4 billion for subsidiaries and $342 million for equity-accounted joint venture operations, and an all-in sustaining cost of $1,439 per ounce for subsidiaries and $979 per ounce for equity-accounted joint venture operations, compared to a production of 2.472 million ounces in 2021 at a cost of sales of $2.9 billion for subsidiaries and $350 million for equity-accounted joint venture operations, and an all-in sustaining cost of $1,441 per ounce for subsidiaries and $856 per ounce for equity-accounted joint venture operations.

Gold
The AngloGold Ashanti gold Mineral Reserve increased from 28.1 million ounces as at 31 December 2021 to 28.8 million ounces as at 31 December 2022. This excludes Gramalote as the JV partner has decided not to publish the Mineral Reserve. This annual net increase of 0.7 million ounces includes additions due to exploration and modelling changes of 2.9 million ounces and changes in economic assumptions of 1.0 million ounces. This increase was partially offset by depletion of 2.9 million ounces and reductions due to other factors of 0.3 million ounces. The Mineral Reserve was estimated using a gold price of $1,400 per ounce, unless otherwise stated (2021: $1,200 per ounce). See “Item 4D Property, Plants and Equipment—Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve”.

Copper
The AngloGold Ashanti copper Mineral Reserveremained unchanged at 1.47Mt (3,250Mlb) as at 31 December 2022 as a feasibility study optimisation is still ongoing and no additional exploration has been completed at Quebradona. The Mineral Reserve was estimated at a copper price of $2.90/lb, unless otherwise stated (2021: $2.90/lb). See “Item 4D Property, Plants and Equipment—Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve”.

Capital expenditure, including equity-accounted joint ventures, in 2022 amounted to $1,118 million (2021: $1,100 million).

Safety

No fatal occupational safety incidents at any of the mines operated by the Company were recorded for 2022. The TRIFR was 1.26 per million hours worked in 2022 compared to 2.14 per million hours worked in 2021.

Full Asset Potential Review Programme

The Full Asset Potential (“FP”) programme aims to achieve a step-change in AngloGold Ashanti’s operating and cost performance by the year 2024. This programme includes a comprehensive three-month assessment of each of the Company’s mine sites, which covers every aspect of an operation. The outcome is intended to enhance the Company’s understanding of the relative potential of each asset and includes developing a plan and implementation schedule to achieve the targeted performance over the next six to 24 months. These assessments have now been completed at six operations of the Company (Sunrise Dam, Siguiri, Cuiabá, Tropicana, Serra Grande and Geita), where the relevant site leadership teams have taken full accountability for the delivery on these initiatives.






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Operational Excellence

Operational Excellence is the continued efforts to maximise value from our assets.

New Operating Model

Our new Operating Model, designed and introduced to employees towards the end of 2021, aims to improve efficiency and support better operating outcomes by focusing only on work required to deliver the strategy, clarifying the mandates of corporate functions, properly resourcing our revenue-generating assets to deliver on their plans, and removing duplicate structures and activities. The implementation of the new Operating Model was completed during 2022.



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AFRICA REGION
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Africa is currently home to five of our operations, with one – Kibali – managed by Barrick Gold Corporation. These operations, which contributed 60 percent or 1.6 million ounces to total annual group production in 2022, are in Ghana (Iduapriem and Obuasi), Guinea (Siguiri), Tanzania (Geita) and the DRC (Kibali).
Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Subsidiary operations
Ghana
Iduapriem248 2,186 
Obuasi250 4,403 
Guinea
Attr. Siguiri 85%279 4,052 
Tanzania
Geita521 6,435 
Joint venture operations
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Attr. Kibali 45%337 2,731 



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Africa Region - Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Restated
Subsidiary operations
Tonnes treated/milledMt21.6 21.2 20.5 
Pay limitoz/t0.044 0.035 0.034 
g/t1.516 1.193 1.160 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.054 0.045 0.052 
g/t1.86 1.54 1.77 
Gold production (a) (attributable)
000oz1,298 1,054 1,239 
Cost of sales$m1,662 1,300 1,362 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,023 991 841 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(1)
$/oz1,291 1,264 1,002 
Capital expenditure$m486 434 383 
Safety
Number of fatalities012
TRIFRPer million hours worked0.33 0.61 0.55 
People
Average no of employees: Total17,076 14,806 14,496 
Permanent employees5,780 5,619 5,433 
Contractors11,296 9,187 9,063 

(a) Includes Obuasi gold production in 2020, capitalised as part of the project development.

Unit202220212020
Joint venture operations
Tonnes treated/milledMt3.5 3.5 3.4 
Pay limitoz/t0.054 0.048 0.048 
g/t1.850 1.652 1.640 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.087 0.095 0.096 
g/t2.98 3.25 3.29 
Gold production (attributable)000oz337 365 364 
Cost of sales$m342 350 340 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz725 647 629 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(1)
$/oz979 856 810 
Capital expenditure$m90 72 52 
People
Average no of employees: Total2,731 2,454 2,333 
Permanent employees957 860 824 
Contractors1,774 1,594 1,509 

(1)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.




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Performance summary

Production for the Africa region was up 15 percent for the year ended 31 December 2022 at 1.635 million ounces compared to 1.419 million ounces for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Safety performance improved – there were no occupational fatalities at any of the mines operated by the Company and a TRIFR of 0.33 per million hours worked was recorded (2021: 0.61 per million hours worked).

Regional community investment totalled $10.19 million (2021: $10.5 million).

With Obuasi having received its ISO 45001 (health and safety) certification, all our Africa operations are now certified in terms of ISO 45001, ISO 14001 (environmental management) and the International Cyanide Management Code.

We continued integration of the new Operating Model, the existing Operational Excellence programme, and the Full Asset Potential (FP) review programme launched during 2021.

In the second half of 2022, Geita was part of the FP review programme designed to enhance understanding of the relative potential of each asset and includes developing a plan and implementation schedule to achieve the targeted performance over the next six to 24 months.

Siguiri was the first of the African operations to be involved in the FP review programme with the leadership team focusing on increasing the volume of high-grade oxide ore from Block 2. This increase was successful and is reflected in the year-on-year increase in production. We are starting to see the benefits of the FP review programme at Siguiri and a second contractor was hired to deliver higher volumes of higher-grade oxide ore from Block 2.

For more information regarding production performance in the Africa region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

For more information regarding operating performance in the Africa region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021”

For more information regarding capital expenditure in the Africa region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022, 2021 and 2020—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022 with 2021”

Obuasi update
Phase 3 of the Obuasi redevelopment project, which relates principally to capital expenditure to refurbish existing infrastructure around the KMS Shaft, as well as to service the mine in deeper production areas, continues to progress.

In 2022, the project achieved the following milestones: hoisting via the KMS rock shaft in November 2022; pumping to drop the water level below 50 level; commissioning of the material handling system from 44 level to surface; completing the new ventilation shaft pilot hole and progressing the KMS shaft down to 44 level.

The Obuasi mine continues on the ramp-up path to its full production run-rate in excess of 400,000 ounces.






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THE AMERICAS
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The Americas hosts three of our operations – one in Argentina and two in Brazil – as well as greenfields projects in Colombia and a significant new greenfields development in Nevada in the United States.
Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Operations
  1.     Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia (Attr. 92.5%)170 1,819 
  2.    Brazil
AGA Mineração311 5,702 
Serra Grande88 1,977 




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Americas - Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt7.1 7.8 7.5 
Pay limitoz/t0.10 0.10 0.07 
g/t3.52 3.49 2.46 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.070 0.066 0.081 
g/t2.40 2.27 2.77 
Gold production (attributable)000oz569 559 649 
Silver production (attributable)Moz3.2 3.4 3.3 
Cost of sales$m913 822 764 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,078 921 721 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,718 1,587 1,003 
Capital expenditure (2)
$m339 398 216 
Safety
Number of fatalities010
TRIFRPer million hours worked2.33 3.55 3.68 
People
Average no of employees: Total9,498 9,972 8,789 
Permanent employees6,093 6,452 6,158 
Contractors3,405 3,520 2,631 

(1)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.
(2)100 percent (not attributable) and includes Projects.

Performance summary

Production for the Americas region was up two percent for the year ended 31 December 2022 at 569,000 ounces compared to 559,000 ounces for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Safety – no occupational fatalities and the TRIFR improved to 2.33 per million hours worked (2021: 3.55 per million hours worked).

Community investment amounted to $6.4 million (2021: $5.8 million).

All operations in the Americas maintained their certification in terms of International Cyanide Management Code, ISO 45000 (health and safety) and ISO 14001 (environmental management).

During the second half of 2022, Cuiabá and Serra Grande completed assessments to identify performance improvement initiatives as part of the FP review programme. The FP programme initiatives implemented at Cuiabá have seen ore tonnes consistently above full potential target. At Serra Grande, the FP team identified several enhancement opportunities and it is following implementation plans with timelines for delivery.

In December 2022, the company suspended filtered tailings deposition on the Calcinados TSF and processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant (both of which service the Cuiabá mine complex). For further information, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” and “Item 3D: Risk Factors—Compliance with tailings management requirements and standards, and potential liabilities in the event of a failure to timely comply with these requirements or an incident involving a tailings storage facility, could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti's financial condition, results of operations and reputation”.

For more information regarding production performance in the Americas region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

For more information regarding operating performance in the Americas region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021”.

For more information regarding capital expenditure in the Americas region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022, 2021 and 2020—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022 with 2021”.

Nevada strategy




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In Nevada, during 2022, AngloGold Ashanti’s project team integrated the Corvus Gold assets and project data into the AngloGold Ashanti evaluation framework. The Company completed planning for feasibility study work at North Bullfrog and also commenced a pre-feasibility study at Silicon along with further drilling at the Merlin deposit. Following the acquisition of Coeur Sterling’s mining properties in the fourth quarter of 2022, AngloGold Ashanti’s project team commenced integrating these assets into the broader evaluation studies.













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AUSTRALIA
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Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Operations
Australia
1.   Sunrise Dam232 725 
2.   Tropicana 70%306 807 
The two AngloGold Ashanti operations in Australia are Sunrise Dam and Tropicana, both of which are in the north-eastern goldfields in the state of Western Australia. Sunrise Dam is wholly owned. We have a 70 percent holding in, and manage, Tropicana. Regis Resources Ltd, our partner in Tropicana, holds the balance. Sunrise Dam includes the Butcher Well project (70 percent).




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Australia - Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt10.7 10.5 10.2 
Pay limitoz/t0.05 0.06 0.06 
g/t1.69 1.89 1.95 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.050 0.047 0.054 
g/t1.56 1.47 1.68 
Gold production (attributable)000oz538 494 554 
Cost of sales$m783 740 705 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,157 1,196 968 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(1)
$/oz1,345 1,500 1,225 
Capital expenditure$m202 185 142 
Safety
Number of fatalities000
TRIFRPer million hours worked3.82 6.59 3.74 
People
Average no of employees: Total1,532 1,332 1,230 
Permanent employees314 288 259 
Contractors 1,218 1,044 971 

(1)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.

Performance summary

Production for the Australia region was up nine percent for the year ended 31 December 2022 at 538,000 ounces compared to 494,000 ounces for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Safety performance improved – there were no occupational fatalities and a TRIFR of 3.82 per million hours worked was recorded (2021: 6.59 per million hours worked).

Regional community investment amounted to $0.99 million (2021: $1.01 million).

Sunrise Dam and Tropicana are certified under the Cyanide Code, ISO 45000 (health and safety) and ISO 14001 (environmental management).

The first site to complete an assessment as part of the FP review programme was Sunrise Dam, where the biggest opportunity is to increase productivity in development and achieve a step-change in underground production. The proposed improvements include an underground workshop to lift jumbo utilisation and improvements to planning and scheduling which, together are expected to support an increase in underground volumes. During the second half of 2022, Tropicana also completed an assessment to identify performance improvement initiatives as part of the FP review programme.

For more information regarding production performance in the Australia region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

For more information regarding operating performance in the Australia region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021”.

For more information regarding capital expenditure in the Australia region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022, 2021 and 2020—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022 with 2021”.





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SOUTH AFRICA

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The sale of the South African assets to Harmony closed on 30 September 2020. As a result, the figures in this section relate
to the nine months ended on 30 September 2020, unless the context indicates otherwise.

South Africa Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt0.4 
  Pay limit (1)
oz/t0.40 
g/t14.60 
  Recovered grade (1)
oz/t0.120 
g/t3.75 
Gold production000oz241 
Cost of sales$m287 
Total cash costs per ounce (2)
$/oz1,149 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(2)
$/oz1,296 
Capital expenditure$m35 
Safety
Number of fatalities4
TRIFRPer million hours worked6.12 
People
Average no of employees: Total8,297 
Permanent employees7,012 
Contractors 1,285 
(1)Refers to underground operations only.
(2)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.



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EXPLORATION REVIEW

Our greenfields exploration programmes are designed to discover new Mineral Resource that will ultimately lead to the development of new, stand-alone gold mines and support the sustainability of our business.

In 2022, the Silicon and Merlin prospects in Nevada were handed over to our Beatty project team, following which the greenfields exploration team refocused its efforts on the discovery of the next significant project to add to the AngloGold Ashanti portfolio.

Greenfields exploration

In 2022, $29 million was spent on greenfields exploration. Our greenfields exploration tenements cover over 9,500km2 of highly prospective ground in six countries – Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Guinea, Tanzania, and the United States.

Americas

In the United States, following the handover of the Silicon discovery to the Beatty Project team in the first quarter of 2022, the greenfields exploration function shifted its focus to seven, 100 percent-owned, earlier-stage greenfields projects located elsewhere in the Great Basin of Nevada. Work completed at these various projects included prospect mapping, surface sampling and geophysical surveys. Diamond drilling is planned for the Midnight Star and CR projects during 2023.

In Brazil, 1,330 stream sediments, 1,200 soil samples and 1,060 rock chip samples were collected. From the SBB terrane in the state of Minas Gerais, four districts have been identified by stream sediment sampling. Infill sampling is in progress to define projects in these districts. At the WBC terrane, which is located in the state of Matto Grosso do Sul to the south-west of Minas Gerais, one project has been advanced and will be considered for drilling in 2023.

In Argentina, an option agreement was signed with Latin Metals for the Organullo project in Salta Province. Work completed since June 2022 included soil sampling, mapping, acquisition of various spectral data sets and community engagement. At the 100 percent-held El Cori project, four drilling targets were identified from surface exploration.

Africa

In Guinea, we received six reconnaissance permits for the Shira district in the Siguiri Basin of Guinea. Community engagement work has started and field exploration is scheduled for the first quarter of 2023.

In Tanzania, target generation activities continued.

Australia

In Australia, we carried out exploration work in the Laverton District and, in Queensland, greenfields exploration took place at the Chillagoe and Georgetown projects.

Brownfields exploration

In the Beatty District, brownfields exploration continued at North Bullfrog, and successfully defined and expanded the Silicon and Merlin targets. Elsewhere across our operations, exploration continued, on one hand to add confidence to the mine plans by upgrading the Mineral Resource and on the other to search for new Mineral Resource with a high likelihood for conversion to Mineral Reserve.

In 2022, our brownfields exploration teams across the globe completed 799km of capital and 358km of expensed drilling at a cost of $79 million and $67 million, respectively. The drilled metre achievement was ten percent below the 2022 budget of 1,281km with the gap closing each quarter after slow start ups at a few operations. Total expenditure of $146 million was 12 percent below budget.

Brownfields exploration activities resulting in the most notable economic intercepts, by operation, for 2022 are listed below by region.

Africa

•Geita: The key area drilled was Geita Hill which is split into six blocks. The drilling was conducted from both surface and underground and was designed to upgrade the underground project and to prepare for mining. Other significant intercepts were drilled at Star and Comet underground at Cut 3 and Ridge 8, extending the potential of the underground complex at Star and Comet. Drilling at the Nyamulilima open pit expanded and further defined the mineralisation.
•Obuasi: Drilling at Block 8, Block 10 and Sansu continued to define the limits of mineralisation and prepare these areas for mining. Late in the year drilling started at Cote D’Or examining the potential to open a second mining area.
•Siguiri: The key exploration activities were at Kounkoun (Block 3) where infill and definition drilling continue as part of the overall assessment of Block 3 as a future mining area. Drilling to extend and define the known mineralisation in Blocks 1 and 2 was conducted.
•Kibali: Two notable drilling intercepts, at Mengu Hill and Oere, were recorded during the year.



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Americas

•Cerro Vanguardia: Numerous veins were drilled and later in the year emphasis moved to the northwest of the property and onto the Condor ground.
•AGA Mineração, CdS: Drilling of underground opportunities at both CdS I and II delivered significant intercepts at Sangue De Boi, Mutuca, Rosalino, Pinta Bem and Pneu.
•AGA Mineração, Cuiabá: Drilling to extend the depth extents of Fonte Grande Sul below 21 level continued while at a shallower depth drilling to define the satellite ore bodies continued to deliver.
•Serra Grande: One significant intercept, at Angicão, was drilled during the year.
•Beatty: Definition and infill drilling continued at Silicon and Merlin in Nevada. Drilling at North Bullfrog started to deliver later in the year.

Australia

•Sunrise Dam: The key areas delivering significant intercepts were at Frankie and Vogue as part of programmes designed to define and extend mineralisation in these areas. As is typical of the Sunrise Dam mineralisation, most drilling programmes drilled significant intercepts which reflect the nuggety nature of the mineralisation.
•Tropicana: Successful drilling was aimed at the three underground projects, namely, Boston Shaker, Havana and Tropicana.

While many of the significant economic intersections are for unmined underground opportunities, Nevada is delivering significant intersections that will most likely be excavated through open pit mining.

PROJECTS

Quebradona

Following the decision of Colombia’s national environmental agency (ANLA) in November 2021 to archive the Company’s environmental licence application for the Quebradona project, AngloGold Ashanti filed an appeal seeking to secure further details on the specific additional information required for ANLA to make a decision on AngloGold Ashanti’s licence submission. On 29 April 2022, ANLA dismissed the appeal and confirmed its decision to archive the Company’s application. AngloGold Ashanti continues to review and analyse the additional information identified as part of ANLA’s decision. The objective is to prepare, submit and process a new environmental licence request for Quebradona following completion of a new environmental impact assessment.

Gramalote

Following completion of the feasibility study on the Gramalote gold project, a joint operation with B2Gold, both partners have determined that the Gramalote project does not meet their investment thresholds for development. The project continues to benefit from federal and local government support as well as continuing support from local communities.

AngloGold Ashanti and B2Gold have completed a comprehensive review of the alternatives and consider that it would be in the best interest of all stakeholders for a new party to own the Gramalote project. The partners appointed a corporate advisor in the fourth quarter of 2022 to assist with the sale process for the Gramalote project, which is currently ongoing.





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4C.    ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

GROUP STRUCTURE

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are divided into the following regions:

•Africa — operations in Ghana, Guinea and Tanzania and a joint venture operation in the DRC;
•Australia — operations in Australia; and
•Americas — operations in Argentina and Brazil, and exploration projects in the United States and Colombia.

The above regions correspond to AngloGold Ashanti’s business segments. The South Africa region is recognised for financial statement purposes as discontinued operations as we sold our remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities in 2020. In addition, a new segment, Projects has been introduced from the implementation of the new Operating Model (previously reported under the America’s segment). The Projects segment comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities.

Day-to-day management of the Group is entrusted to AngloGold Ashanti’s executive management team, chaired by the Chief Executive Officer. See “Item 6: Directors, Senior Management and Employees”.

Support is provided to the executive management team in managing AngloGold Ashanti’s corporate activities at both the central and local levels.

SUBSIDIARIES

AngloGold Ashanti Limited has investments in principal subsidiaries and joint venture interests, see “Item 19: Exhibits to Form 20-F—Exhibit 19.8 List of AngloGold Ashanti Limited subsidiaries” for details.

On 16 March 2023, AngloGold Ashanti and Gold Fields announced that they have agreed the key terms of a proposed joint venture in Ghana between Gold Fields' Tarkwa and AngloGold Ashanti's neighbouring Iduapriem Mines (the “Proposed Joint Venture”). There can be no certainty that the parties will enter into a definitive agreement with respect to the Proposed Joint Venture or about the timing, terms and conditions of any such definitive agreement. Implementation of the Proposed Joint Venture is subject to, among other matters, reaching agreement with the Government of Ghana regarding the Proposed Joint Venture, conclusion of confirmatory due diligence and securing all requisite regulatory approvals. For further information, refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 35—Subsequent Events”.



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4D.    PROPERTY, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT

Locations of properties
au-20221231_g1.jpg
Notes:
(1) Gramalote is managed by B2Gold Corp ("B2Gold").
(2) AngloGold Ashanti acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold Inc.("Corvus Gold") acquisition in January 2022.
(3) AngloGold Ashanti acquired Sterling (which includes the Crown Block deposits of SNA, Secret Pass and Daisy) through the Coeur Sterling, Inc. ("Coeur Sterling") acquisition in November 2022.
(4) Kibali is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick").


The locations of AngloGold Ashanti’s properties are shown above. Percentages indicate the ownership interest held by AngloGold Ashanti. All operations are 100 percent wholly-owned unless otherwise indicated.

Overview of mining properties and operations
The overview for each mining property is disclosed below and includes information on the following items:
•Location of the properties;
•For each material property, locality maps showing the location of such properties as well as infrastructure and licences;
•Type and amount of ownership interests;
•Identity of the operator or operators;
•Titles, mineral rights, leases or options and acreage involved;
•Stages of the properties (exploration, development or production);
•Key permit conditions;
•Mine types and mineralisation styles; and
•Processing plants and other available facilities.



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Please refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022” for the aggregate annual production for each of the Company's mining properties during each of the fiscal years ended 31 December 2022, 2021 and 2020. For more information about AngloGold Ashanti’s mines, including a summary of the Company’s titles, mining rights, leases and licences with acreage, please refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine”.

In its annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021, AngloGold Ashanti complied for the first time with the new mining property disclosure requirements for mining registrants set forth in Subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR § 229.1300) (“Regulation S-K 1300”) and reported on, and filed Technical Report Summaries for, all of its mining properties. During 2022, AngloGold Ashanti developed a process to determine which properties are material to its business or financial condition for purposes of the individual property disclosure requirements of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR § 229.1304). The key considerations taken into account by AngloGold Ashanti in its materiality assessment include (i) certain quantitative factors such as contribution to the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve, actual and planned production and Net Present Value, as well as (ii) certain qualitative factors, which are assessed in the context of the Company’s overall business and financial condition. The materiality assessment covers all of the Company’s mining properties (regardless of the stage of the mining property) and all of its mining and related activities from exploration through extraction, and will be reviewed by the Company on an annual basis. Based on these considerations, AngloGold Ashanti has determined that its material properties for purposes of Regulation S-K 1300 are Geita, Kibali and Obuasi. With respect to Geita, an updated Technical Report Summary (effective date: 31 December 2022) has been prepared by the relevant Qualified Persons, and is filed as Exhibit 19.15.4 hereto. With respect to Kibali and Obuasi, AngloGold Ashanti has determined that (i) there are no material changes to the Mineral Reserve or Mineral Resource reported in the Technical Report Summaries for these properties (effective date: 31 December 2021) which were filed as exhibits to AngloGold Ashanti’s annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021, and (ii) all material assumptions and information pertaining to the disclosure of the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve for Kibali and Obuasi remain current in all material respects as of 31 December 2022, based on all facts and circumstances, both quantitative and qualitative. As a result, the Technical Report Summaries for Kibali and Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021), which were initially filed as exhibits to AngloGold Ashanti’s annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021, are filed as Exhibits 19.15.7 and 19.15.5, respectively, hereto.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operating mines are all accessible by road, although for some, personnel access is better achieved by air.

AngloGold Ashanti’s exploration programmes are based on consistent standards and processes across its portfolio and are guided by peer review. Part of AngloGold Ashanti's investment strategy is focused on exploration drilling and Mineral Reserve development to grow the Mineral Resource and by converting these, the Company allows for expansion of the Mineral Reserve. The process involves identifying the best group of drill targets and prioritising those that have the highest potential for success to be advanced first. Greenfields exploration aims to discover large, high-value Mineral Resource, which will eventually lead to the development of new gold mines. Brownfields exploration focuses on delivering value through accretive additions to the Mineral Reserve at existing mines as well as new discoveries in defined areas around operations.

This annual report on Form 20-F is not being submitted in support of the disclosure of exploration results and therefore no disclosure of drilling or sample results is provided. AngloGold Ashanti has elected not to provide drilling results for its operating mines as drilling at its brownfields operations is generally intended to provide incremental additions, or conversions to already reported Mineral Resource and therefore they are not seen as material. While drilling at the Company’s brownfields operations increases confidence in its Mineral Resource as well as adds LOM extensions, the incremental additions that occur on a yearly basis are not material to that operation or the Company as a whole. In cases where the drilling projects are supporting a non-sustaining addition, these projects are commented on. In the Company’s major greenfields projects, if any single drill result is considered material and may change the reported Mineral Resource significantly then it is reported. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Exploration review”.





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AFRICA
AngloGold Ashanti has five mining operations within the Africa region:
•Kibali Gold Mine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ("DRC"), a joint venture (“JV”) between AngloGold Ashanti (45%), Barrick Gold Corporation (“Barrick”) (following its merger with Randgold Resources Limited (“Randgold”)) (45%), and Société Minière de Kilo-Moto S.A. (“SOKIMO”), a state-owned gold mining company (10%);
•Iduapriem Gold Mine ("Iduapriem") and Obuasi Gold Mine ("Obuasi") in Ghana;
•Siguiri Gold Mine (“Siguiri”) in Guinea, co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (85%) and the government of Guinea (15%); and
•Geita Gold Mine ("GGM" or "Geita") in Tanzania.

Mining is from both open pit and underground, with Obuasi being an underground mine, Iduapriem and Siguiri being open pit mines, and Kibali and Geita being a combination of open pit and underground mines.

DRC

KIBALI
For additional information, please refer to the Technical Report Summary for Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto.

Property description
Kibali is a joint venture co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (45%), Barrick (45%), and SOKIMO (10%). SOKIMO is wholly-owned by the DRC government. The consolidated lease is made up of ten exploitation permits. The metallurgical plant comprises a twin-circuit sulphide and oxide plant with conventional carbon-in-leach ("CIL"), including gravity recovery as well as a float and ultra-fine grind circuit. Barrick operates the mine, which comprises both open pit and underground operations.

Kibali is a gold mining, processing and exploration project. Operations currently focus on open pit and underground mining. The mine was originally developed and operated by Randgold. Following the completion of the merger of Randgold and Barrick in 2019, Barrick became the operator at Kibali for both exploration and mining. Kibali is currently a production stage property.

Location
Kibali is located in the northeastern part of the DRC near the international borders with Uganda and South Sudan. The mine is located adjacent to the village of Doko, which is located to the west of the lease area. Kibali is approximately 210km by road from Arua and immediately north of the district capital of Watsa. The operational area falls within the administrative territory of Watsa in Haut-Uélé province.

Mineralisation style
Gold deposits of the Kibali district are classified as Archaean orogenic gold deposits. At Kibali, the gold deposits are largely hosted in siliciclastic rocks, banded iron formations (“BIFs”) and chert that were deformed, altered and transposed during several events. This occurred at or near greenschist metamorphic conditions. Ore-forming H2O-CO2-rich fluids migrated along a linked network of gently northeast-dipping shears and north-northeast plunging fold axes that are commonly referred to as the KZ Trend. The auriferous KZ Trend is a complexly deformed fault system specifically developed along the boundary between the younger sedimentary basin in the west of the belt that juxtaposes the older rocks to the east. Mineralisation occurred during the later stages of subsequent regional deformation which resulted in inversion of the basin and the development of reverse faults and folds. Ongoing deformation during hydrothermal activity resulted in the development of lodes in a variety of related structural settings within the KZ Trend.

History
On 15 October 2009, AngloGold Ashanti acquired a 50 percent indirect interest in Moto Goldmines Limited through a JV with Randgold, with Moto holding a 70 percent stake in Kibali and the DRC parastatal SOKIMO holding the remaining 30 percent stake. On 21 December 2009, Randgold and AngloGold Ashanti increased their JV interest in Kibali to 90 percent, while SOKIMO retained a 10 percent holding. On 2 January 2019, Randgold merged with Barrick, and the JV is now held by the combined company, trading as Barrick.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.




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Mining method
The operation comprises both open pit and underground mining. Open pit mining is carried out using conventional drill, blast, load and haul surface mining methods. From 2022 onwards, open pit production will come from the Sessenge, Aerodrome, Pamao, Gorumbwa, Megi-Marakeke-Sayi, Kalimva-Ikamva, Oere, Pakaka, and Karagba, Chauffeur and Durba (“KCD”) deposits. Open pit mining is conducted by contractor Kibali Mining Services, a local subsidiary of DTP Terrassement, using either free-dig or conventional drill, blast, load and haul methods.

For the underground operation, longitudinal and transverse longitudinal stoping methods with paste backfill are the nominated mining methods. The Kibali KCD underground mine is designed to extract the KCD deposit directly beneath the KCD open pit. A 50m crown pillar separates the pit bottom from the top of the underground mine. The first gold was poured in September 2013 from the open pit operations and development of the underground mine commenced in the same year. Stoping commenced in 2015 and ore production has ramped up to 3.8Mt in 2022. Initial production was truck hauled by a twin decline to surface. In 2017, the haulage shaft (740m deep) and materials handling system was commissioned. From 2018 onwards, underground ore has predominantly been hoisted up the shaft. The decline to surface will continue to be used to haul some of the shallower zones and to supplement shaft haulage.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Infrastructure in the DRC is generally poor as a result of limited investment in maintenance, upgrades and extensions of the road networks established during colonial times. The mine site is located within 160km of the border with Uganda and all transport links take place through Uganda to Kenya or Tanzania. Access by air to Kibali involves a commercial flight to Entebbe in Uganda followed by a charter flight to Doko airport, situated on the mine property. The Doko airstrip was upgraded by Kibali and is equipped with runway lights and precision approach path indicator lights. For the number of persons employed at the mine, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Operating Performance—Africa Region”.

Kibali is a large-scale gold mining operation, with a number of sources of ore, that has been in operation since 2013. The physical condition of the equipment, facilities, and infrastructure at Kibali is in good working order, with the mine investing heavily in maintaining and upgrading its assets to ensure that they remain reliable and efficient. Surface infrastructure associated with the overall Kibali operation includes a processing plant, tailings storage facility ("TSF"), camp, airstrip, underground shaft, workshops and offices. Power to the mine is self-generated by a combination of hydroelectric and diesel generators. The underground mine has also been extensively developed, with the construction of both shaft and portal and strategically placed development drives that access and further explore the gold-bearing ore.

The “Property, Plant, and Equipment” as of 31 December 2022, including lease assets, buildings and mine infrastructure, mining assets, mineral rights and dumps, decommissioning assets, capitalised exploration costs and deferred stripping, had a carrying value of $983 million (reported as attributable; 45% owned by AngloGold Ashanti).

Mineral processing
The current processing plant can treat both oxide and fresh sulphide material and uses flotation with ultra-fine grind of the flotation concentrate, a treatment that is required for the sulphide ore type before leaching. Kibali has a processing operation capable of producing an average of 730kozpa of gold for 10 years treating at least 7.2Mtpa throughput. The ore is blended using both KCD underground ore plus ore sourced from satellite open pits at Kibali.

Mineral Resource
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for Kibali at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,700/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters (Open Pit and Underground)” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ResourceCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
Kibali (45 percent)Measured7.22 3.18 22.97 0.74 
Indicated22.15 2.64 58.44 1.88 
Measured & Indicated29.37 2.77 81.41 2.62 
Inferred13.16 2.61 34.43 1.11 
Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. The Mineral Resource estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Resource at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To



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reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
1.All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.
2.Mineral Resource attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
3.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
4.Operated by Barrick. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick. Based on a gold price of $1,700/oz.
5.Property currently in a production stage.
6.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters (Open Pit and Underground)” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.


Year on year changes in Mineral Resource - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Kibali
CategoryMeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated totalInferred
Previous Year0.78 1.76 2.54 0.89 
Depletion(0.01)— (0.01)— 
Exploration0.01 — 0.01 0.10 
Methodology— — — — 
Price0.03 0.16 0.19 0.13 
Cost(0.01)(0.02)(0.03)(0.02)
Geotechnical(0.07)(0.02)(0.09)— 
Metallurgical— 0.01 0.01 0.01 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — — 
Other— — — — 
Current Year0.74 1.88 2.62 1.11 
Net Difference(0.04)0.12 0.08 0.22 
% Difference(5)7 3 24 
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.

Changes were driven both by exploration and an increase in the Mineral Resource gold price from $1,500/oz as at 31 December 2021 to $1,700/oz as at 31 December 2022, with gains seen from the open pits, specifically Ikamva, Oere and Gorumbwa, as well as from continued definition of the 11000 lode in the KCD underground. A maiden underground Inferred Mineral Resource at Gorumbwa was also reported.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource

Key Parameters (Open Pit and Underground)
KibaliUnitOpen Pit
Costs
Waste cost$/tonne mined
2.92-3.09(1)
Extra Ore Cost – Grade Control + Ore – Rehandle + Overhaul$/tonne mined1.27 
Grade Control cost$/tonne mined0.75 
Dilution%10
Ore Loss%3
Processing cost$/tonne milled
15.04-17.85(1)
G&A$/tonne milled8.47 
Other Parameters
Gold Royalties (4.7%)$/oz70.50 
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF
86.1-90.1(1)
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t
0.6-0.7(1)



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KibaliUnitOpen Pit
Mineral Resource price$/oz
1,700 (2)
Notes:
AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.
(1) Vary according to rock type.
(2) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Resource reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary
          for Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,500, the gold price
          used to estimate the Mineral Resource in 2021).

KibaliUnitUnderground
Costs
Mine Production$/tonne ore mined36.17 
Capital$/tonne ore mined3.97
G&A$/tonne ore milled8.47
Processing cost$/tonne ore milled17.85
Other Parameters
Gold Royalties (4.7%)$/oz70.50
Mining cut-off gradeg/t1.62
Mineral Resource price$/oz
1,700 (1)
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF90 
Notes:
AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.
(1) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Resource reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary for
        Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,500, the gold price used
        to estimate the Mineral Resource in 2021).


Estimation
Mineral Resource estimation is undertaken by Barrick in-house technical experts or by approved external consultants. The results of both diamond drilling ("DD") and reverse circulation ("RC") drilling are used in the estimation process. 3D mineralised envelopes are established using grade and geology, and these are then statistically verified to confirm their validity for use in grade estimation. Appropriate domaining of homogeneous zones is conducted whereby high-grade central core areas are modelled separately from the lower-grade surrounding halos. Volumes are filled with block model cells and interpolated for density, rock type and grade – the latter using ordinary kriging.

Grade top cuts and restricted searches are applied to drill hole data to prevent the spread of high-grades during the estimation process. Drill hole spacing is used to guide the Mineral Resource classification. The open pit Mineral Resource is quoted within a limiting shell. The underground Mineral Resource is constrained by the application of optimised mineable Mineral Resource shapes, which applies reasonable mineability constraints including a minimum mining width, a reasonable distance from current or planned development, and a measure of assumed profitability at the related Mineral Resource cut-off grade.

Mineral Reserve
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Reserve for Kibali at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,300/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ReserveCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
Kibali (45 percent)Proven14.49 3.47 50.33 1.62 
Probable29.17 3.15 91.86 2.95 
Total43.67 3.26 142.19 4.57 
Notes:
1.Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. The Mineral Reserve estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Reserve at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
2.Mineral Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
3.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.



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4.Operated by Barrick. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick. Open Pits and underground were based on a gold price of $1,300/oz, with the exception of the Pamoa Main pit (based on a gold price of $1,400/oz) and the Pamoa South pit (based on a gold price of $1,500/oz).
5.Property currently in a production stage.
6.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Year on year changes in Mineral Reserve - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Kibali
CategoryProvenProbableTotal
Previous Year1.74 2.59 4.33 
Depletion(0.28)(0.12)(0.40)
Exploration0.11 0.42 0.53 
Methodology— — — 
Price0.03 0.12 0.15 
Cost(0.01)(0.03)(0.04)
Geotechnical— — — 
Metallurgical— — — 
Operational0.03 — 0.03 
Other— (0.03)(0.03)
Acquisition / Disposal— — — 
Current Year1.62 2.95 4.57 
Net Difference(0.12)0.36 0.24 
% Difference(7)14 6 
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.

The increase in Mineral Reserve was primarily as a result of the conversion of the 11000 lode in the KCD underground, and growth in the Ikamva and Oere pits due to exploration successes. The gold price used for pit optimisation changed from $1,200/oz as at 31 December 2021 to $1,300/oz as at 31 December 2022 which also contributed to the increase seen.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve

Modifying factors and price estimates
as at 31 December 2022Kibali
Primary Commodity Price$/oz
1,300(1)(6)
Cut-off gradeg/t
1.50(3)(5); 1.96(4)
Stoping widthcm
2990(4)
Dilution%
2.0-12.5(4); 10(5)
Mining Recovery FactorMRF based on tonnes (%)
91.6(4); 97(5)
Mine Call FactorMCF (%)97
Metallurgical Recovery FactorMetRF (%)
89-90(2)
Notes:
AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have, relied on information provided by Barrick.
(1) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Reserve reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary for
           Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,200, the gold price
           used to estimate the Mineral Reserve in 2021).
(2) Vary according to rock type. (3) Stockpile.
(4) Underground.
(5) Open pit.
(6) Open Pits and underground were based on a gold price of $1,300/oz, with the exception of the Pamoa Main pit (based on a gold price
           of $1,400/oz) and the Pamoa South pit (based on a gold price of $1,500/oz).
Estimation
The open pit Mineral Reserve shell optimisations were run on the Mineral Resource models. The process incorporated the mining layout, operating factors, stripping ratio, relevant cut-off grades and modifying factors for



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reporting the Mineral Reserve. An open pit underground interface was set at 5,685 metres relative level (“mRL") between the KCD open pit and underground mine.

A cut-off grade analysis of $1,300/oz was used to determine a cut-off grade of 1.96g/t for the underground mine. Longitudinal and transverse longhole open stoping methods with paste backfill are the current preferred mining methods. Underground stope designs were updated from the previously reported Mineral Reserve using the latest Mineral Resource models. Modifying factors for planned and unplanned rock dilution, backfill dilution and ore loss were applied to obtain the reported Mineral Reserve.

Metallurgical, environmental, social, legal, marketing and economic factors were adequately considered in the Kibali feasibility study and have been updated as the project has developed.

Map showing Kibali planned infrastructure and licences
Below is a map that shows Kibali infrastructure and licences, with the total mining lease area insert shown in the top right corner. The coordinates of the mine, as represented by the plant, are depicted on the map and are in the geographic coordinate system.




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au-20221231_g6.jpg

GHANA
AngloGold Ashanti has two mines in Ghana. Obuasi and Iduapriem are both wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti.

Obuasi is an underground mine operating at depths of up to 1,500m with a continuous history of mining dating back to the 1890s. Iduapriem is an open pit mine.




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Obuasi is located in the Ashanti region of southern Ghana, approximately 60km south of Kumasi. Mining was temporarily suspended at the end of 2014 while a series of economic studies progressed. Obuasi underground development restarted in the first half of 2019, with the first gold produced in December 2019. The ramp-up of the redevelopment project was delayed by the temporary stoppage of underground activities after a fall of ground incident in May 2021. Production remained suspended for several months to allow for reviews and investigations, but slowly resumed in the latter part of 2021.

Iduapriem is located in western Ghana, some 85km from the coast and south of Obuasi, near the town of Tarkwa.

OBUASI
For additional information, refer to the Technical Report Summary for Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.5 hereto.

Property description
Obuasi is wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti and is a production stage property. All required mineral rights to the property are held by the Company. The mine is an underground operation, and it has been in operation since 1897 (more than 120 years). It has been operated by AngloGold Ashanti since 2004.

Location
The mine is in the municipality of Obuasi, in the Ashanti region of Ghana, about 240km northwest of the capital, Accra, and 60km south of Kumasi.

Mineralisation style
Geologically, Obuasi is in the Ashanti belt on the eastern margin of the Pre-Cambrian West African craton. This craton consists of Lower Proterozoic volcanic and flysch sediments which make up the Birimian system, overlain in part by the molasse sediments of the Middle Proterozoic Tarkwaian. The Ashanti belt is the most prominent of the five Birimian Supergroup gold belts found in Ghana.

Gold mineralisation is associated with shear zones and pervasive silica, carbonate and sulphide hydrothermal alteration which occur in tightly folded Lower Birimian schists, phyllites, meta-greywackes, and tuffs, along the eastern limb of the Kumasi anticlinorium. They are found near the contact with harder metamorphosed and metasomatically altered intermediate to basic upper Birimian volcanics. There are two broad styles of gold mineralisation including free milling quartz vein gold and sulphide-rich, disseminated and refractory gold which form alteration haloes around the quartz vein lodes. Sulphide mineralisation is dominated by arsenopyrite and quartz mineralisation, which is associated with spatially variable, but exceptionally high-grade visible gold in quartz veins.

History
Obuasi has a long mining history dating back to 1897. It has been owned and operated by various operators during this time. The current operator became involved in 2004 following the merger of former AngloGold Limited of South Africa and the Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited of Ghana. However, for several years leading up to 2014, the mine began to struggle due to ailing infrastructure and outdated methodologies. The company realised that significant rationalisation and/or replacement of current infrastructure would be necessary to enable the delivery of better utilisation and productivity metrics.

In 2014, a feasibility study commenced that considered the optimum mining methodology and schedules for the underground mine, based on modern mechanised mining methods and refurbishment of underground, surface and process plant infrastructure. During this time, Obuasi operated in a limited operating phase with underground activities essentially restricted to the continued development of the Obuasi deeps decline and underground infill drilling. The limited operating phase was brought to a halt after an incursion by illegal miners on Obuasi's concession in February 2016, at which point the mine was placed under care and maintenance. However, the study continued and in 2017, a favourable feasibility study was completed and indicated a strong technical and economic case with an anticipated 20-year life of mine ("LOM"). In 2018, approval was received from the AngloGold Ashanti board and the government of Ghana to proceed with the project.

The redevelopment project began in late 2018 and first gold was poured during the fourth quarter of 2019. Phase 1 of the redevelopment project was completed by the end of September 2020, and the mine began commercial production on 1 October 2020. Phase 2 of the redevelopment project, which focused on construction and mine development, was completed in 2021. Phase 3 of the redevelopment project is currently underway to develop the infrastructure necessary to support the planned ramp-up in production.




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Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Ghana—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Mining method
Obuasi is an underground operation, utilising both vertical shafts and declines as main access routes to the underground workings. The mine has seen extensive historical mining activities with varying applications of different mining methods to date. The current LOM design employs mostly the Long Hole Open Stoping ("LHOS") mining method for ore extraction. LHOS is a highly selective and productive method of mining that can be employed for orebodies of varying thicknesses and dips. The main distinct variations of the LHOS used at Obuasi are longitudinal retreat stoping (“LRS”), and transverse open stoping (“TOS”). The blind upper stoping is a form of LRS or TOS used for partial sill pillar recovery.

Processing plants and other available facilities
All significant surface activities, including ore processing, environmental management and community engagement are carried out by Obuasi staff. Existing infrastructure includes a recently refurbished and upgraded 2.2Mtpa processing plant with flotation and bacterial oxidation ("BIOX"), extensive underground development, hoisting shafts and associated infrastructure, mine ventilation and refrigeration facilities, emergency standby power and water reticulation, office complexes, workshops, and company housing estates. Power is supplied to the mine by the Volta River Authority and Ghana Grid Company Limited (“GRIDCo”). There is a focus mine development plan supported by the existing infrastructure, and ongoing upgrades of critical underground infrastructure to sustain the operations. The mine can be accessed by paved road network from Kumasi and by road or chartered air transport from the capital, Accra. For the number of persons employed at the mine, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Operating Performance—Africa Region”.

The “Property, Plant, and Equipment” as of 31 December 2022, including buildings and mine infrastructure, mining assets, decommissioning assets and assets under construction, had a carrying value of $1,009 million.

Mineral processing
The plant is configured for both conventional and flash flotation and BIOX treatment which is required for the refractory sulphide ore. The gravity gold recovery system is also integrated with Knelson concentrators and inline leach reactors.

Mineral Resource
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for Obuasi at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,750/oz for underground and $1,600 for open pit Mineral Resource. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ResourceCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
ObuasiMeasured1.96 8.44 16.59 0.53 
Indicated27.66 6.06 167.59 5.39 
Measured & Indicated29.63 6.22 184.18 5.92 
Inferred39.80 8.50 338.17 10.87 
Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. The Mineral Resource estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Resource at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
1.All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Open pit based on a gold price of $1,600/oz, underground based on a gold price of $1,750/oz.







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Year on year changes in Mineral Resource - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
CategoryMeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated totalInferred
Previous Year0.66 5.84 6.50 12.05 
Depletion— — — — 
Exploration— — — (0.06)
Methodology0.02 0.28 0.30 (0.53)
Price0.02 0.58 0.60 1.11 
Cost(0.17)(0.97)(1.14)(1.31)
Geotechnical— — — — 
Metallurgical— — — — 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — — 
Other— (0.33)(0.33)(0.37)
Current Year0.53 5.39 5.92 10.87 
Net Difference(0.12)(0.45)(0.57)(1.17)
% Difference(19)(8)(9)(10)
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The decrease in Mineral Resource is mainly due to depletion attributed to mining from Sansu, and Blocks 8 and 10 and an increase in costs which resulted in higher cut-off grades as well as the sterilisation of stopes in the depletion process. The decrease was partially offset by model changes primarily from the inclusion of new drilling data from ongoing operational drilling activities and the increase in Mineral Resource price.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource

Key Parameters
ObuasiUnitUnderground
Costs
Mining cost$/tonne mined
64.26-79.44(1)
Processing cost$/tonne treated42.57
G&A$/tonne treated21.96
Other Parameters
Royalties%3.0
MSO(2) optimising cut-off
g/t
3.43-3.75(1)
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t
3.43-3.75(1)
Mineral Resource price$/oz
1,600-1,750(3)(4)
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF87
Notes:
(1) Vary according to area.
(2) Datamine Mineable Shape Optimiser ("MSO").
(3) Open pit based on a gold price of $1,600/oz, Underground based on a gold price of $1,750/oz.
(4) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Resource reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary
          for Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.5 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,500, the gold
          price used to estimate the Mineral Resource in 2021).

Estimation
The estimation technique is ordinary kriging and the primary estimation unit size is 20m x 5m x 15m. This estimation unit size is representative of the underground mining units and is considered appropriate given the style of mineralisation and mining methods. Compositing by length is employed and the influence of extreme grades is restricted by grade capping. Sample spacing is highly variable across the deposit and ranges from 10m x 10m (for grade control areas) up to 200m x 200m (for exploration targets). However, for the Mineral Resource, the maximum extrapolation from data points is 100m. Any areas beyond this are not classified and are considered to be upside potential rather than Mineral Resource.





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Mineral Reserve
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph D(1) of Item 1304 ofRegulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Reserve for Obuasi at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,400/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ReserveCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
ObuasiProven4.47 9.55 42.73 1.37 
Probable21.25 9.26 196.67 6.32 
Total25.72 9.31 239.40 7.70 
Notes:
1.Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. The Mineral Reserve estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Reserve at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Based on a gold price of $1,400/oz.

Year on year changes in Mineral Reserve - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
CategoryProvenProbableTotal
Previous Year1.19 7.08 8.26 
Depletion(0.23)— (0.23)
Exploration— (0.77)(0.77)
Methodology0.54 — 0.54 
Price0.11 1.49 1.60 
Cost(0.23)(1.48)(1.71)
Geotechnical— — — 
Metallurgical— — — 
Operational— — — 
Other— — — 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — 
Current Year1.37 6.32 7.70 
Net Difference0.19 (0.75)(0.57)
% Difference16 (11)(7)
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The key changes were primarily associated with depletion, exploration, block model changes, and economic parameters. Depletion was mainly due to mining, while exploration changes were as a result of Mineral Resource drilling. This was offset by changes in the block model methodology involving estimation parameters, interpretations, classification and density. The economic factors that also influenced the changes to the Obuasi Mineral Reserve included an increased gold price assumption which was partially offset by an increase in mining cost and sustaining capital.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve

Modifying factors and price estimates
as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
Primary Commodity Price$/oz
1400(1)
Cut-off gradeg/t
4.29-4.69(2)



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as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
Dilution%
12-17(2)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on tonnes
95-98(2)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on g/t100
Mine Call Factor%MCF100
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF87
Notes:
(1) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Reserve reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary
          for Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.5 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,200, the gold
          price used to estimate the Mineral Reserve in 2021).
(2) Vary according to area.

Estimation
The Mineral Reserve estimation considers mining criteria for the economic cut-off grade and minimum mining width for the anticipated mining method. All design and scheduling work is undertaken to an applicable level of detail by mine planning engineers in consultation with other technical specialists using Datamine Studio UGTM and Enhanced Production SchedulerTM ("EPS") software.

The cut-off grade parameters used include projected mining, processing, and general and administrative costs. A Mineral Reserve gold price of $1,400/oz was used. The cut-off grade also considers the metallurgical recovery factor (87 percent applied for all blocks), mining dilution and recovery, tonne-kilometre haulage cost from all blocks, as well as the backfill type.

Stopes are designed using the Datamine Mineable Shape Optimiser ("MSO") Software where the outputs are further optimised by manual edits. The stope shapes are generated at section intervals of 15m to 20m based on geotechnical guidance for each block. The MSO allows the class field to be assigned to each stope generated. The mine design is reviewed taking into consideration the updated stope shapes, existing development and future infrastructure need. A LOM plan is generated which considers fleet and infrastructure capacities. All mining blocks are designed for the LHOS mining method. The Mineral Reserve is reported from the LOM plan and only includes Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource.

Map showing Obuasi planned infrastructure and licences
Below is a map that shows the location, infrastructure and mining licence area for Obuasi. The coordinates of the mine, as represented by the plant, are depicted on the map and are in the geographic coordinate system.





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au-20221231_g7.jpg



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IDUAPRIEM
Property description
Iduapriem mine is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti and a production stage property. The mine is a multiple open pit operation that currently sources ore from the Block 3W, Block 5, Ajopa, and Blocks 7 and 8 pits.

Location
The mine is located in the western region of Ghana, some 70km north of the coastal city of Takoradi and approximately 10km southwest of the town of Tarkwa. The Iduapriem mine is bordered to the north by Gold Fields Ghana Limited (Tarkwa Mine) and to the east by the Ghana Manganese Company Limited (a manganese mine in existence since the 1920s).

Mineralisation style
There are four recognised conglomerate reefs namely A, B, C and D, which are equivalent to the Tarkwaian Sub-basal, Basal (or Main), Middle (or West), and Breccia Reefs, respectively. The B and C Reefs are oligomictic and consist of well-sorted conglomerates and have been mined underground in some areas more than a century ago. The A and D Reefs have a lower gold tenor and are polymictic, containing both well-rounded and angular fragments. Gold is found within the matrix that binds the pebbles together. The gold content is a function of the size and amount (packing) of quartz pebbles present within a conglomeratic unit. The gold is fine-grained, particulate and free-milling.


Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Ghana—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Surface infrastructure associated with Iduapriem’s operation includes a primary crusher, overland conveyor, CIL processing plant next to the main office building, a TSF and four camp areas for contractors and company employees. Tarkwa town is also adjacent to the tenement. Power is supplied to the mine by the Volta River Authority and GRIDCo.

Mineral processing
The current processing plant treats free-milling material from open pit mining, by a conventional crush with a semi-autogenous ball milling circuit and cyanide leach. Iduapriem operates a two-stage crushing circuit consisting of a Metso Superior MKIII primary gyratory crusher and two GP550 gyratory crushers for secondary crushing. The Iduapriem treatment plant has two semi-autogenous grinding mills ("SAG mills") and two ball mills which run in two parallel circuits,each with a SAG mill and a ball mill. The second ball mill, a new thickener, a cluster of cyclones and a Knelson concentrator were commissioned in March 2009. In July 2017, three of the four leach tanks were converted into CIL tanks by introducing carbon into the each of the tanks with the installation of inter-tank screens and carbon recovery screens. Carbon for elution is harvested from one of the leach tanks to the acid wash column, and the carbon recovery screen underflow is pumped back to the leach tanks.

GUINEA

SIGUIRI

Property description
Siguiri is AngloGold Ashanti’s only operation in the Republic of Guinea. The mine is co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (85 percent) and the government of Guinea (15 percent). The mine is a conventional open pit operation situated in the Siguiri district in the northeast of Guinea.

Siguiri is a production stage property, operated by AngloGold Ashanti. Gold-bearing ore is mined from several pits (generally three pits at any one time). Mining occurs primarily in Kami and Bidini pits in Block 1, as well as Saraya pit in Block 2. The pre-feasibility study level of work on the geotechnical design for Sanutinti pit is ongoing.

Location
Siguiri is located approximately 850km north-northeast of Conakry, 25km northwest of the town of Siguiri and 220km southeast of the Malian capital Bamako, near the Malian border.






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Mineralisation style
Siguiri is situated in the northern part of the Siguiri Basin of Guinea, and is underlain by Lower Proterozoic rocks of the Birimian metasedimentary and volcano-sedimentary formations. Primary gold mineralisation occurs in all three lithostratigraphic units of the Siguiri region, although most of the known mineralisation is found in the central and more competent Fatoya Formation. In some deposits, the mineralisation shows strong lithological control and is preferentially developed in coarser-grained units with higher fracture or vein densities than fine-grained rocks. Mineralised veins are more intensely developed along major structural trends, with quartz-carbonate-sulphide veining developed along structures. Some of these structures have developed as incipient faults and are represented by discrete stockworks of mineralised quartz-carbonate veins occurring along a trend instead of clearly defined continuous structures.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Guinea—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Siguiri includes a processing plant, a TSF, and other infrastructure such as a mine village, a water supply system, roads, power supply by on-site generators and communications systems. Additional infrastructure includes on-site offices, accommodation and workshops to support remote mining. Power to the mine is self-generated using heavy fuel oil.

The town of Siguiri can be accessed via a small airfield and a well-paved road that connects Siguiri to Bamako in the north and Kouroussa in the south. Access to the mine via roads and to Siguiri is easily passable through most of the year, although some secondary roads are seasonal with limited access during the wet season. While Siguiri encounters encroachment of villages onto, and artisanal and small-scale mining invasion in, its mining areas as well as increasing community demands and expectations, mitigation plans are in place to significantly reduce the impact of these issues.

Mineral processing
The mined ore is processed using a hybrid CIL circuit plant and can treat 50 percent hard ore post-commissioning of a new ball mill and three-stage crushing plant in 2019. Unit operations include comminution, leaching, carbon adsorption and desorption, smelting and tailings disposal. Further modification of three leach tanks to CIL tanks was carried out in the fourth quarter of 2020, giving a total of seven tanks in the hybrid circuit. The combination plant treats up to 50 percent fresh rock and 50 percent soft ore, with a total throughput of 11.4Mt per annum. The recovery of Bidini, which has been impacted by the presence of carbonaceous ore and the performance of the combination plant to achieve the required mill throughput and recovery, could have an impact on the economic extraction of the estimated Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve until the plant stabilises. There are mitigation plans in place to address any TSF capacity issues and the mine is also doing further optimisation work.

TANZANIA

GEITA
For additional information, see the Technical Report Summary for Geita (effective date: 31 December 2022) filed as Exhibit 19.15.4 hereto.

Property description
Geita (“GGM”), one of AngloGold Ashanti’s flagship mines, is located in northwestern Tanzania, in the Lake Victoria goldfields of the Mwanza region, about 120km from Mwanza and 4km west of the town of Geita. The Geita gold deposits are mined as a multiple open pit and underground operation, with ore production from Star and Comet, Nyankanga and Geita Hill underground mines, and from Nyamulilima open pit. The mine is currently serviced by a CIL processing plant with an annual capacity of 5.2Mt.

GGM is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti. GGM currently has three underground mines (Star and Comet, Nyankanga and Geita Hill) and one open pit (Nyamulilima Cuts 1, 2 and 3) which is in production since 2021. The property is currently in a production stage.

Location
GGM is located approximately 1,200km from the main Tanzanian business centre of Dar es Salaam. It falls within the Lake Zone of northwestern Tanzania, approximately 120km west of Mwanza and 4km west of the town of Geita. The mining lease area falls within the Archaean Sukumaland Greenstone Belt of the Lake Victoria goldfields.




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Mineralisation style
Geita is hosted in the Geita Greenstone Belt, which is a northern segment of the Sukumaland Greenstone Belt, located in the north-western part of the Tanzania Craton and south of Lake Victoria. Gold mineralisation occurred late in the tectonic history of the greenstone belt, synchronous with the development of brittle-ductile shear zones. Mineralisation is dominantly sulfide replacement of magnetite-rich layers in ironstone, with local replacement of ferromagnesian phases and magnetite in the diorite intrusions. Primary gold mineralisation is associated with the intersection of the brittle-ductile shear zones and pre-existing fold hinges, with higher grade concentrations associated with banded iron formation lithologies and with diorite dyke and sill contacts.

History
Gold mineralisation is reported to be first discovered in the Geita district in 1898 by a German prospector. A regional survey by a Kenyan company, Saragura Prospecting Syndicate, followed in 1930. The first mine was developed in 1934, and between 1936 and 1966, Geita was the largest gold mine in East Africa, producing 1Moz of gold from underground operations.

In 1996, Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited acquired the Geita tenure through the acquisition of Cluff Resources, and acquired the Kukuluma and Matandani in 1998 from Samax Resources Limited. In December 2000, Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited reached an agreement to sell a 50 percent interest in Geita to AngloGold Limited for $324 million. AngloGold Limited added its neighbouring Nyamulilima Hill deposits into the JV company. In 2004, the merger of AngloGold Limited and Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited resulted in the operation being wholly run by the combined company AngloGold Ashanti.

GGM commenced open pit mining in 1999, with open pit mining at Nyankanga between 1999 and 2020, at Geita Hill between 2001 and 2019, at Kukuluma and Matandani between 2002 and 2007, and at Star and Comet between 2007 and 2014. In 2015, a decision was taken to go underground at Star and Comet, and the underground development started in 2016. In 2017, the Nyankanga underground operation commenced and in 2020 the Geita Hill underground commenced and is scheduled to ramp up to full production by the end of 2023.

The Nyankanga open pit, the only remaining operating pit at the time, was mined to completion in September 2020. In April 2021, the Nyamulilima open pit commenced operations.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Tanzania—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Mining method
Mining at Geita uses both open pit and underground mining methods. The Nyamulilima open pit commenced production in April 2021 and reached full production during 2022. Open pit mining is by conventional truck and shovel methods, where production mining equipment is operated by GGM with Capital Mining Services Tanzania Limited providing production and grade control drilling services, and Orica providing blasting and explosives services. Underground mining commenced at Star and Comet in 2016 and subsequently at Nyankanga in 2017, and most recently Geita Hill in 2020. Star and Comet underground has successfully transitioned to owner mining and the mining contractor African Underground Mining Services is used at Nyankanga and Geita Hill for underground development and stoping. The underground mining method is a combination of LOS and TOS. Cemented aggregate fill backfill is used at Nyankanga to fill the primary stopes and allows for the mining of secondary stopes. Ore is hauled from the Nyamulilima open pit (22km) and from Star and Comet (17km), Nyankanga (4km) and Geita Hill (2km) underground operations to the central run-of-mine ("ROM") pad by the Geita surface mining fleet.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Surface infrastructure associated with the overall Geita operation includes a 5.2Mtpa CIL processing plant, a TSF, a camp, an airstrip, open pit and underground workshops and offices, contractor yards, backfill plants and explosives suppliers. Power to the mine is self-generated at Geita's 40MW power plant using diesel generators, however, there is planned construction of a 33kV hydropower station by Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited ("TANESCO"). The physical condition of the equipment, facilities, and infrastructure at GGM is generally considered to be in good working order. The mine has invested heavily in maintaining and upgrading its assets to ensure they remain reliable and efficient. The underground development of the mine has also been extensively developed, with the construction of a number of portals, declines and strategically placed development drives that access and further explore the gold-bearing ore. Overall, the GGM is a well-established operation implementing fit-for-purpose technologies once proven in the market. For the number of persons employed at the mine, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Operating Performance—Africa Region”.



112


The “Property, Plant, and Equipment” as of 31 December 2022, including lease assets, buildings and mine infrastructure, mining assets, capitalised exploration costs, decommissioning assets, assets under construction and deferred stripping, had a carrying value of $418m.

Mineral processing
Geita’s ore processing method is a conventional CIL process with a throughput capacity of 5.2Mtpa. The circuit contains a primary gyratory crusher, secondary and tertiary crushers, a SAG mill, a ball mill and 12 leach tanks. This is coupled with a gravity circuit using two Knelson concentrators. In planning the plant feed blend material, hardness grade, oxide and sulphide content are considered in order to optimise throughput and recovery.

Mineral Resource
The below table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, summarises the gold Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for Geita at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,750/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ResourceCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
GeitaMeasured1.80 4.15 7.50 0.24 
Indicated40.32 2.03 81.96 2.63 
Measured & Indicated42.12 2.12 89.45 2.88 
Inferred36.21 2.64 95.71 3.08 
Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. The Mineral Resource estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Resource at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
1.All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Based on a gold price of $1,750/oz.

Year on year changes in Mineral Resource - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Geita
CategoryMeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated totalInferred
Previous Year0.21 1.87 2.08 3.26 
Depletion— — — — 
Exploration0.02 0.09 0.11 0.12 
Methodology0.03 0.49 0.52 (0.57)
Price0.01 0.17 0.18 0.19 
Cost(0.03)0.19 0.16 0.07 
Geotechnical— — — — 
Metallurgical— 0.02 0.02 0.02 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — — 
Other— (0.20)(0.20)— 
Current Year0.24 2.63 2.88 3.08 
Net Difference0.03 0.77 0.80 (0.18)
% Difference16 41 38 (6)
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The increase is largely as a result of exploration success due to accelerated drilling activities because of the planned reinvestment, and changes in methodology were as a result of revised estimation parameters, and refined ore wireframes. The increase in the Mineral Resource price and favourable cost reductions in open pit haulage, general



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and administrative expenses and new underground contract rates led to lower cut-off grades resulting in additional Mineral Resource, which was partially offset by depletion.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource

Key Parameters
GeitaUnitOpen Pit
Costs
Ore mining cost$/tonne mined3.3
Waste mining cost$/tonne mined3.3
Material handling$/tonne mined2.03
Processing cost$/tonne treated18.63
G&A$/tonne treated8.43
Other Parameters
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF89
Slope anglesdegree55
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t0.65
Mineral Resource price$/oz1,750 
Royalties%7.3 

GeitaUnitUnderground
Costs
Production (Mining cost)$/tonne ore mined
47.68-82.88(1)
Mine Services$/tonne ore mined21.97-25.78(1)
Processing cost$/tonne treated
18.46-19.11(2)
Other Parameters
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t
1.86-3.01(2)
Mineral Resource price$/oz1,750 
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF
70.4-91.4(1)
Royalties%7.3 
Notes:
(1) Mining cost includes backfilling at Nyankanga, and material handling costs. (2) Variable according to area.
(3) %MetRF: Ridge 8, 70.4%, Star and Comet Cut 5, 80.4%, Star and Comet Cut 2, 88.3%, Star and Comet Cut 3, 88.4%,
           Geita Hill 87.2%, Nyankanga Block 5, 89.8%, Nyankanga Block 1, 2, 3 and 4, 91.4%.
(4) Datamine Mineable Shape Optimiser ("MSO").

Estimation
For the open pits, mineralisation boundaries for the individual deposits are defined from detailed logging of all geological drill holes. This information is validated and then geological wireframes are interpreted to create a 3D geological model. The geological model is subsequently used in conjunction with an appropriately dimensioned block model. Ordinary kriging is used to interpolate values into block models, and uniform conditioning ("UC") and localised uniform conditioning ("LUC") methods are used to generate a recoverable Mineral Resource block model, which estimates the proportion of ore that occurs above the Mineral Resource cut-off grade assuming a specified SMU. The open pit Mineral Resource is reported within a $1,750/oz optimised pit shell and above the calculated mineralised waste cut-off grade per pit.

For the underground Mineral Resource, the geological model is generated in the same way as for the open pits. However, a high-grade wireframe is delineated within the broader, lower-grade mineralised envelope. In this instance, all geological controls are adhered to when determining this domain. Ordinary kriging models are then constructed within the low- and high-grade domains, and numerous validation exercises are completed to ensure robust estimates are achieved. The underground Mineral Resource is reported inside a MSO volume generated using a unique underground cut-off grade for each deposit.




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The ultimate open pit designs are used as the limiting boundaries between the open pits and underground during model compilation. The underground stopes and development are evaluated using the ordinary kriging block models and the open pit designs are evaluated using the LUC block models.

Stockpiled material above mineralised waste cut-off grade is included in the Mineral Resource.

Mineral Reserve
The below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, summarises the gold Mineral Reserve for Geita at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,400/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ReserveCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
GeitaProven9.54 1.02 9.70 0.31 
Probable38.95 2.60 101.19 3.25 
Total48.49 2.29 110.89 3.57 
Notes:
1.Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. The Mineral Reserve estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Reserve at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Based on a gold price of $1,400/oz.

Year on year changes in Mineral Reserve - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Geita
CategoryProvenProbableTotal
Previous Year0.09 2.55 2.65 
Depletion(0.06)(0.49)(0.55)
Exploration— 0.87 0.87 
Methodology— — — 
Price— 0.40 0.40 
Cost0.18 0.06 0.25 
Geotechnical— — — 
Metallurgical— — — 
Operational0.04 (0.10)(0.06)
Other0.06 (0.04)0.02 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — 
Current Year0.31 3.25 3.57 
Net Difference0.22 0.70 0.92 
% Difference241 27 35 
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The increase is mainly due to ongoing exploration drilling success resulting in larger pit designs at Nyamulilima and in the first-time reporting of the Geita Hill underground Mineral Reserve based on a feasibility study currently being completed. An increase in the Mineral Reserve price and reduced costs mostly by reductions in hauling cost on surface and contractor rates is partially offset by depletion and operational changes.








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Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve

Modifying factors and price estimates
as at 31 December 2022Geita
Primary Commodity Price$/oz1,400 
Cut-off gradeg/t
0.70(2)-4.20(3)
Stoping widthcm
450-2,500(3)
Dilution%
11.6(2);10-17(3)
Resource Modification Factor%RMF based on tonnes
99.5(2)-100(3)
Resource Modification Factor%RMF based on g/t
93(2)-100(3)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on tonnes
86-100(1)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on g/t
86-100(1)
Mine Call Factor%MCF100
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF
80.4-91.4(1)
Notes:
(1) Vary according to rock type / area. (2) Open pit. (3) Underground.

Estimation
The Mineral Resource models are used as the basis for Mineral Reserve estimation. Input parameters for estimating the Mineral Reserve include gold price, mining dilution and recovery, geotechnical information, stay-in-business capital, operating costs, metallurgical recovery, processing capacity and mining equipment capacities.

Appropriate Mineral Reserve cut-off grades are applied and optimised pit shells are generated for the open pit sources. Pit designs are then done on selected shells and signed off by all relevant parties to ensure compliance to specifications. Underground designs are completed and evaluated. These designs are incorporated into the production and treatment scheduling stages to yield ore tonnes and grades. Financial evaluations are completed for production and treatment schedules to check the cash flow analysis from the estimated Mineral Reserve.

The Mineral Reserve for Geita's operating and prospective pits, as well as underground mine areas is estimated using updated economic factors, latest Mineral Resource models, geological, geotechnical, mining engineering and metallurgical parameters. Environmental, sociopolitical, legal and regulatory factors are also considered.

Map showing Geita planned infrastructure and licences
Below is a map that shows the location, infrastructure and mining license area for Geita. The coordinates of the mine, as represented by the plant, are depicted on the map and are in the geographic coordinate system.



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au-20221231_g8.jpg




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AMERICAS
The Americas region includes the mining jurisdictions Brazil and Argentina, in which AngloGold Ashanti has three operations. In Argentina, the Company has one mining operation: the Cerro Vanguardia Mine, co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5%) and Fomento Minero de Santa Cruz Sociedad del Estado (“Fomicruz SE”) (7.5%). In Brazil, the Company has two mining operations: (i) the AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do Sítio Mineração operations (“AGA Mineração”) which include the Cuiabá, Lamego and Córrego do Sítio (“CdS”) mines, and (ii) Mineração Serra Grande (“Serra Grande”).

ARGENTINA

CERRO VANGUARDIA
Property description
Cerro Vanguardia, a production stage gold-silver operation, is the Company’s sole operation in Argentina. The mine is operated by Cerro Vanguardia S.A. ("CVSA"), which is a company formed by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5%) and Fomicruz SE, a state-owned company operating in the province of Santa Cruz (7.5%). The climate is semi-arid and although snow does occur, winter is mild and exploration activities are normally possible all year round. Cerro Vanguardia operates multiple small open pits with high stripping ratios and multiple narrow-vein underground mines located within the property and mined simultaneously. Cerro Vanguardia has been in operation for more than 20 years. Silver is produced as a by-product.

Location
Cerro Vanguardia is located in the Santa Cruz province, southern Patagonia, Argentina, approximately 110km north-northwest of the coastal town of Puerto San Julián. Access to the area is by aircraft from Buenos Aires to Comodoro Rivadavia (380km) or Rio Gallegos (510km) and then by road to the mine site.

Mineralisation style
Cerro Vanguardia is in the core of the 60,000km2 Deseado Massif, one of the most extensive volcanic complexes in southern Patagonia. The Deseado Massif is deposited over Paleozoic low-grade metamorphic basement rocks. The mineralisation is concentrated in steeply-dipping quartz veins that cut the flat-lying ignimbrites and volcanoclastic rocks. The Cerro Vanguardia district contains more than 100 gold and silver-bearing epithermal veins for a cumulative exposed vein strike extension of more than 240km, of which 55 veins are currently known to contain economic gold and silver mineralisation. The veins at Cerro Vanguardia consist mainly of quartz and adularia and contain minor electrum, native gold, silver sulphides and native silver as fine-grained disseminations.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Argentina—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Infrastructure for Cerro Vanguardia is mostly located on-site. It includes a camp site with a capacity of 1,300 people, a Merrill Crowe plant, heap leaching facilities, cyanide recycling plant, mine laboratory, maintenance facilities, warehouses and sewage processing plant. Four natural gas power generators, fed by a 40km long pipeline, provide electricity to the operation. Natural gas is also used for heating. Mine office facilities are located in the main mining area.

Dewatering supplies water for use both as processing water and camp consumption. Due to the particular features of the mine, and in order to optimise hauling, all pits have local, single or multiple waste dumps. The TSF is located in and is contained by a natural depression.

Mineral processing
The metallurgical plant has a daily capacity estimated at 3,500tpd (1.2Mtpa), with gold and silver grade of around 4.25g/t and 120g/t, respectively. The plant comprises the following stages: crushing, milling, conventional leaching in tanks, counter current decant system in thickeners (“CCD circuit”), a CIL process, acid wash, elution, conventional Merrill Crowe process to recover gold and silver with metallic zinc, and a cyanide recovery plant ("Cyanisorb"). The tailings go directly to a conventional TSF, where there is also a reclaim water system for the plant.

In addition to the processing plant there is a heap leach pad, with an annual capacity of 1.5Mtpa, and gold and silver grades of around 0.7g/t and 20g/t, respectively. The pregnant solution from this process goes directly to the CCD circuit in the process plant and to the Merrill Crowe process for gold and silver recovery.




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BRAZIL
AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Brazil comprise AGA Mineração in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais state and Serra Grande in the Goiás state. AGA Mineração consists of several operations, namely Cuiabá, Lamego, and CdS.

Ore from the Cuiabá and Lamego underground mines is processed at the Cuiabá gold plant. The concentrate produced is transported by aerial ropeway to the Queiroz plant for processing and refining. The Queiroz hydrometallurgical plant also produces sulphuric acid as a by-product.

CdS consists of open pit and underground mines. The oxide ore mined is treated by heap leach and a pressure leaching plant treats sulphide ore. The distance from the main underground mine to the metallurgical plant is around 15km.

Serra Grande comprises three mechanised underground mines, Mina III, Mina Nova and Mina Palmeiras, and an open pit as well as a dedicated metallurgical plant.

AGA MINERAÇÃO
AGA Mineração encompasses mining operations at Cuiabá, Lamego and CdS. The AGA Mineração mining complex is located in southeastern Brazil in the state of Minas Gerais. Operations are 30km from the capital of the state (Belo Horizonte) in the case of Cuiabá and Lamego, and approximately 100km in the case of CdS.

AGA MINERAÇÃO - CÓRREGO DO SÍTIO
Property description
CdS is wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti. It has been in operation since 1989 and consists of multiple open pit (conventional bench mining) and underground mines (mainly using sub-level stoping). The property is currently in a production stage and operated by AGA Mineração.

Location
The CdS complex is located in the municipalities of Santa Bárbara and Barão de Cocais, that are located 100km east of the city of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais, in the southeast of Brazil. These operations are included in an important mining district referred to as the Quadrilátero Ferrífero (Iron Quadrangle), the second biggest Brazilian area for the production of iron, gold and manganese.

Mineralisation style
The CdS gold deposit is located in the eastern part of the lower to middle greenschist facies of the Rio das Velhas Archaean, in the Iron Quadrangle region, on the southern margin of the São Francisco Craton in Brazil. CdS is an orogenic gold deposit hosted in intensely deformed clastic, volcanoclastic, carbonaceous schists and metagreywackes in an approximately 30km northeast-southwest striking shear zone. Hydrothermal alteration phases associated with the mineralisation are dominated by sericite and carbonate.

The CdS I, II and III, gold deposits and associated targets are located in a gold trend that extends for approximately 14km in a north-easterly direction, from Grota Funda (CdS I) in the south to Anomalia (CdS III) in the north, which developed in a compressional tectonic regime. Gold is associated with quartz and fine grained acicular arsenopyrite. The main gold targets and deposits are distributed over three trends, namely the CdS Trend and the Cristina Trend hosted in metasedimentary rocks, and the Donana Trend hosted in BIF.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
CdS infrastructure consists of the sulphide plant at CdS II (used to process refractory sulphide material), and the heap leach plant at CdS I (for oxide ore mined by open pit). The site also has an ore sorting plant, a TSF for the sulphide plant, a neutralised tailings deposit for the oxide material and numerous waste dumps for the open pit mines at CdS I. For further information on the regulatory framework governing TSFs in Brazil, see “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil”.

Ancillary facilities comprise a water treatment facility, effluent treatment facilities, equipment workshops, laboratory, warehouses, explosives and accessories magazines, fuel stations, electric substations as well as offices, medical



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clinic, mess rooms, dressing rooms, bathrooms, storerooms, garage, fuel stations, a centre of environmental studies, nursery and other facilities required to operate the mine.

Water is primarily sourced from recycling the underground mine water and supplementary water catchment wells. The power for the operations is supplied and purchased on the open market. Good communication infrastructure is available in the area.

Mineral processing
There are two metallurgical plants at CdS: the heap leach plant for oxide ore and the sulphide plant. The sulphide process consists of crushing, grinding and gravity concentration, flotation, thickening, pressure oxidation (POX autoclave), CIL extraction, elution, neutralisation, electrowinning and dry stack tailings. The sulphide plant and POX circuit have a capacity of 900ktpa. The heap leaching process consists of crushing, agglomeration, stacking, leaching, adsorption, elution and electrowinning, with capacity of 860ktpa.

AGA MINERAÇÃO - CUIABÁ
Property description
Cuiabá is an underground operation (mainly using sub-level long hole open stoping), wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti, within one of the most important metallogenetic provinces in Brazil known as the Iron Quadrangle. This region is an important producer of iron ore, manganese and gold in Brazil. The property is currently in a production stage and operated by AGA Mineração.

Location
Cuiabá is located 30km to the east of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais, in the southeast of Brazil.

Mineralisation style
Cuiabá mine is located in the Iron Quadrangle, which is a geotectonic unit on the southern edge of the São Francisco Craton, comprising Archaean and Proterozoic terrains, and bordered by Neoproterozoic mobile belts. From a regional viewpoint, Cuiabá mine is located in the eastern extension of the Serra do Curral inverted homocline, located on the northeastern edge of the Iron Quadrangle. The mine lithostratigraphy consists of an intermediate metavolcanic sedimentary sequence of the greenstone belt type and is hosted in the Nova Lima Group at the bottom of the Rio das Velhas Supergroup.

Gold mineralisation is associated with sulphides and quartz veins in BIF and volcanic sequences. Structural control and fluid flow are the most important factors for gold mineralisation with a common association between large-scale shear zones and their associated structures. Where BIF is mineralised, the ore appears strongly stratiform due to the selective sulphidation of the iron-rich layers. Steeply plunging shear zones tend to control the ore shoots, which commonly plunge parallel to intersections between the shears and other structures. Mineralisation is hosted in the limbs of a fold system.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
The metallurgical plants (Cuiabá gold plant and Queiroz plant) are connected by an aerial ropeway and power to the mine is provided by a set of small hydropower plants (Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex). Cuiabá mine has a shaft system (846m deep) for production and personnel transport, the current nominal airflow capacity for which is 1,035m3/s, of which 320m3/s are refrigerated. Tailings deposition is at one of four sites located at Cuiabá, Calcinados, Rapaunha and Cocuruto. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” for further information on the Company’s TSFs in Brazil. The Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex is a set of seven small hydropower plants that generate energy from three dams (Ingleses, Miguelo and Codorna), and are directly connected to the Queiroz plant.

Mineral processing
Cuiabá and Lamego mines feed the Cuiabá gold (crushing, milling and flotation) and Queiroz (roaster, carbon circuit and refinery) plants, currently at 1.9Mtpa with a metallurgical recovery of 91.8 percent for the combined feed. At the Cuiabá gold plant, ore is crushed and milled followed by flotation and filtration to produce a concentrate (32 percent sulphur), which is transported by an aerial ropeway to Queiroz for further treatment. Approximately 30 percent of gold is recovered through a gravity circuit at the Cuiabá gold plant. The concentrate, transported by aerial ropeway, is received at the Queiroz plant which is located in Nova Lima and comprises the refractory ore circuit (from Cuiabá or



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Lamego) with facilities for pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. The concentrate is roasted and the calcine proceeds to a carbon-in-pulp ("CIP") with Merrill Crowe circuits for further refining. The sulphide gas is captured for processing at the acid plant. Sulphuric acid is produced as a by-product.

AGA MINERAÇÃO - LAMEGO
Property description
Lamego is an underground operation (mainly using long hole stoping) that is wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti, within one of the most important metallogenetic provinces in Brazil, known as the Iron Quadrangle. This region is an important producer of iron, manganese and gold in Brazil. The property is currently in a production stage and operated by AGA Mineração.

Location
Lamego is located 30km to the east of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais, in the southeast of Brazil.

Mineralisation style
The Lamego mine is located in the Iron Quadrangle, which is a geotectonic unit at the southern edge of the São Francisco Craton, comprising Archaean and Proterozoic terrains, and bordered by Neoproterozoic mobile belts. From a regional viewpoint, the Lamego mine is located in the eastern extension of the Serra do Curral inverted homocline, located on the northern edge of the Iron Quadrangle.

Gold mineralisation is characterised by orebodies associated with two horizons of chemical sedimentary rocks: BIF and metachert, with shear zones containing abundant quartz veinlets. The proportions of these lithotypes vary substantially from one deposit to another. In the BIF, sulphide mineralisation is associated with gold, while in the metachert it is associated with quartz veins. The gold occurs either as native gold or in sulphides. Lamego has a similar rock assemblage to Cuiabá, but with higher structural complexity. The mineralised BIF is more structurally deformed and contains more silica when compared to Cuiabá, which reacted less with the hydrothermal fluid.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Lamego operates as a satellite mine to the Cuiabá mine. Ore is transported to surface via ramps where it is crushed, stockpiled and transported daily to the Cuiabá gold plant, where it is blended with Cuiabá ore on the ROM pad.

The two plants (Cuiabá gold plant and Queiroz plant) are connected by an aerial ropeway. Power to the mine is provided by a set of small hydropower plants (Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex) and supplied by Cemig, a state-owned company. The Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex is a set of seven small hydropower plants that generate energy from three dams (Ingleses, Miguelo and Codorna), and are directly connected to the Queiroz plant. Tailings deposition is at one of four sites located at Cuiabá, Calcinados, Rapaunha and Cocuruto. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” for further information on the Company’s TSFs in Brazil.

Lamego has a natural water supply system and a plant for water and sewage treatment.

Mineral processing
Cuiabá and Lamego mines feed the Cuiabá gold (crushing, milling and flotation) and Queiroz (roaster, carbon circuit and refinery) plants, currently at 1.9Mtpa with a metallurgical recovery of 91.8 percent for the combined feed. At the Cuiabá gold plant, ore is crushed and milled followed by flotation and filtration to produce a concentrate (32 percent sulphur), which is transported by an aerial ropeway to Queiroz for further treatment. Approximately 30 percent of gold is recovered through a gravity circuit at the Cuiabá gold plant. The concentrate, transported by aerial ropeway, is received at the Queiroz plant which is located in Nova Lima and comprises the refractory ore circuit (from Cuiabá or Lamego) with facilities for pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. The concentrate is roasted and the calcine proceeds to a CIP with Merrill Crowe circuits for further refining. The sulphide gas is captured for processing at the acid plant. Sulphuric acid is produced as a by-product.

SERRA GRANDE
Property description
Mineração Serra Grande ("MSG" or "Serra Grande") is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti and is located in the northwest of the state of Goiás, in central Brazil. It operates three underground mines (using sub-level



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stoping (bottom-up and top-down), cut-and-fill and room-and-pillar mining methods) and two open pit mines. The property is currently in a production stage.

Location
Serra Grande is located 5km south of the town of Crixás, 420km from the Brazilian capital, Brasília and approximately 350km from the state capital of Goiás, Goiánia. The employment of 1,120 persons in this largely rural area makes mining the principal economic activity in the region.

Mineralisation style
The Serra Grande gold deposit is an orogenic mesothermal deposit, associated with the development of shear zones that belong to the Upper Archaean Crixás Group. Gold mineralisation is associated with metasediments and metavolcanics from the Ribeirão das Antas and Rio Vermelho Formations respectively. The Crixás Greenstone Belt is surrounded by granitic gneiss terrains from the Ribeirão das Antas and Caiamar complexes and metasedimentary rocks from the Santa Terezinha Group, which is part of the Goiás magmatic arc. Mineralisation at Serra Grande is associated with quartz veins and massive to disseminated sulphides in metasedimentary, metavolcanoclastic and metabasalt rocks, with variable degrees of hydrothermal alteration developed over orogenic stacked thrust layers (duplexes).

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Serra Grande operates a single TSF, which will support the LOM production and has government environmental licensing in place. The water used in metallurgical processing comes from the underground mines. The state road GO-337 passes close to the operation providing access for logistics. The power for the mine is supplied and purchased in the open market (grid electricity) and diesel self-generation. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” for further information on the Company’s TSFs in Brazil.

Mineral processing
The metallurgical plant has the capacity to process 1.5Mtpa, combining CIL and gravimetric circuits. The ore is blended to feed the crushing circuit, which has a capacity of 4,500tpd. There are two mills in operation, and 20 leach tanks with a capacity of 4,800m3 divided between pre-liming and cyanidation stages. Approximately 45 percent of gold is captured in the parallel gravity circuit. The tailings are filtered and stacked in piles. The rest of the gold is recovered by the CIL process to form the doré that is sent to Nova Lima for refining. The total gold recovery is approximately 93.4 percent.

AUSTRALIA

AngloGold Ashanti operates two mines and has one new project in Western Australia.

Sunrise Dam, wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti, is located 205km north-northeast of Kalgoorlie and 55km south of Laverton.

Tropicana is a joint operation between AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent and the operator), and AFB Resources Pty Limited (30 percent), a subsidiary of Regis Resources Limited. Tropicana is located 200km east of Laverton and 330km east-northeast of Kalgoorlie in Western Australia.

The Butcher Well project is a joint venture between AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent) and Northern Star Resources Limited (“Northern Star Resources”) (30 percent). The project is managed by AngloGold Ashanti. Butcher Well is located 20km southwest of the Sunrise Dam mine and is considered to be a potential satellite operation.

SUNRISE DAM
Property description
Sunrise Dam is a production stage property with an active underground (using sub-level open stoping methods and narrow open-stoping methods) and open pit mine that is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti. AngloGold Ashanti conducts all brownfield exploration activities on the site and all tenements and permits are in good standing.




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Location
Sunrise Dam is approximately 205km north-northeast of Kalgoorlie and 55km south of Laverton in Western Australia.

Mineralisation style
Sunrise Dam is a mesothermal gold deposit located in the Archaean greenstone belts of Western Australia. The deposit is complex and structurally controlled with multiple ore zones displaying differing characteristics, from ductile shear zones to brittle stockwork complexes to intrusive hosted mineralisation. Mineralisation is typically hosted within quartz-carbonate veins with varying quantities of pyrite and arsenopyrite. Strong alteration of the country host rock is common proximal to controlling structures.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Australia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
All required infrastructure is in place including a fully functional camp, process plant, tailings facility, gas pipeline, power plant and electrical reticulation, offices, airstrip and road system. The underground infrastructure caters for all ventilation and dewatering needs with provisions made in the budget for extensions and upgrades.

Mineral processing
Processing at Sunrise Dam is via a conventional three-stage crushing / two-stage milling, CIL circuit, with a pyrite flotation and ultrafine grinding circuit commissioned in 2018. The gravity circuit recovers approximately 30 percent of the gold, with the CIL circuit, AcaciaTM reactor and Anglo American Research Laboratories ("AARL") elution used to recover the remainder. Electrowinning recovers gold from the Acacia reactor and is eluted to produce gold doré. Plant throughput at Sunrise Dam is approximately 4.1Mtpa.

BUTCHER WELL
Property description
Butcher Well is a joint venture between AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent) and Northern Star Resources (30 percent). Butcher Well encompasses two tenement packages, Butcher Well and Lake Carey, covering approximately 339.56km2. AngloGold Ashanti also holds a significant tenement package adjacent to the Northern Star joint venture properties.

The project is in the exploration stage in the early stages of study, with no Mineral Reserve declared. An Inferred Mineral Resource is stated, which has been the focus of a conceptual study. As the project is still in a concept study phase, no mining has taken place. Both open pit and underground mining options (using transverse longhole open stoping) are being explored.

Location
The Butcher Well project is located in the Laverton district of Western Australia, 20km southwest of AngloGold Ashanti's Sunrise Dam mine and 180km northeast of Kalgoorlie. Butcher Well is considered as a potential satellite operation to Sunrise Dam.

The Sunrise Dam airstrip is approximately 70km by road from the project, with a travel time of approximately 90 minutes on the road on the circumference of the southern part of Lake Carey. Lake Carey is a large salt lake that covers a part of the western project area,with Sunrise Dam located to the east of the lake and the Butcher Well project located on the western shore.

Mineralisation style
The Butcher Well Mineral Resource is an orogenic-style gold system hosted within the Laverton Greenstone Belt. The mineralisation is hosted within a basalt and is spatially associated with syenite dykes. Gold mineralisation within fresh rock principally occurs within steeply dipping north-south trending panels. Supergene gold dispersion and enrichment broadens the mineralised envelope within the near-surface saprolitic material. Much of this material has been previously exploited in shallow open pits.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Australia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.




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Processing plants and other available facilities
Power is likely to be generated on-site via diesel generators. Water can be sourced from the existing flooded pits or bores. Ore material will be trucked to Sunrise Dam via existing secondary roads.

Mineral processing
Ore from Butcher Well will be processed at AngloGold Ashanti's Sunrise Dam processing plant. Processing at Sunrise Dam is via a conventional three-stage crushing, two-stage milling CIL circuit, with a pyrite flotation and ultrafine grinding circuit commissioned in 2018. The gravity circuit recovers approximately 30 percent of the gold, with the CIL circuit and AARL elution used to recover the remainder. Electrowinning recovers gold from the Acacia reactor and eluate to produce gold doré. Plant throughput at Sunrise Dam is 4.1Mtpa, and Butcher Well ore will supplement ore production from the Sunrise Dam underground mine to maintain the mill throughput.

TROPICANA
Property description
Tropicana mine is a currently operating gold mine, and is a production stage property. It produces gold bearing ore from a number of open pits named from north to south: Boston Shaker, Tropicana, Havana and Havana South, and from an underground mine beneath the Boston Shaker and Tropicana open pits. The project is a joint operationbetween AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent), as operator, and AFB Resources Pty Limited, a subsidiary of Regis Resources Limited (30 percent).

Location
Tropicana is located 330km northeast of Kalgoorlie and 200km east of Laverton, Western Australia.

Mineralisation style
The Tropicana deposit is hosted in an Archaen quartz-feldspathic gneiss within a major tectonic suture zone between the Yilgarn Craton and the Albany-Fraser Orogen. Mineralisation is associated with a strong hydrothermal alteration assemblege of biotite-sericite-pyrite, which post-dates peak graulite facies metamorphism. Gold is found within the pyrite.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Australia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
All surface infrastructure facilities are in place and operational. The processing plant and TSF are operating well, consistent with design specifications. The infrastructure includes, but is not limited to water supply, processing plant, mine, dewatering infrastructure, TSF, workshops, camp facilities and airstrips. Power is supplied to the mine by on-site gas and diesel power stations, and natural gas is supplied via an APA Operations (Pty) Limited pipeline. Underground development and production is ongoing.

Mineral processing
The processing plant has a capacity of 9.3Mtpa. The crushing circuit consists of a primary gyratory crusher, feeding a set of secondary cone crushers and tertiary rolls crushers. A 14MW and 6MW ball mill in parallel completes the grinding circuit. A CIL circuit is used to extract the gold from the ore, and a standard AARL elution and recovery systems is used to form gold doré bars.

The power provider, Kalgoorlie Power Systems, has built a dedicated power station consisting of a combination of diesel and gas powered generators with a capacity of 48.5MW.

PROJECTS
The projects in Colombia form a significant contribution to AngloGold Ashanti’s Mineral Resource with the three projects: La Colosa, Minera de Cobre Quebradona ("Quebradona") and Gramalote, the latter of which is a joint operationbetween AngloGold Ashanti (50 percent) and B2Gold Corp. (“B2 Gold”) (50 percent). Mineral Reserve was declared for the first time at Quebradona in 2018.

During 2022, the Company's project team in the United States integrated the Mineral Resource resulting from AngloGold Ashanti's acquisitions of Corvus Gold Inc. (“Corvus Gold”) and Coeur Sterling, Inc. (“Coeur Sterling”) using the Company’s evaluation framework. AngloGold Ashanti acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold acquisition in January 2022 and Sterling (which includes the Crown Block deposits of SNA, Secret Pass and Daisy) through the acquisition of Coeur Sterling in November 2022.



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AUSTRALIA

DescriptionGeneral laws relating to mining

In Australia, with a few exceptions, all onshore minerals are owned by the Crown. The respective Minister for each state and territory is responsible for administering the relevant mining legislation enacted by the states and territories. Native title legislation applies to certain mining tenements within Australia. Australia Region operates two gold minesrecognises and protects a form of native title that reflects the entitlement of Aboriginal people to their traditional lands in accordance with their traditional custom and laws. Should native title claims or determinations exist, certain native title processes and procedures will apply under the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) (the “Native Title Act”) before the tenure is granted. Tenure may be granted subject to conditions relating to native title rights. In the mining context, native title matters are managed as part of the tenement grant process. If disputes arise in relation to the grant of a particular tenement, they can be referred to the National Native Title Tribunal, established under the Native Title Act, for resolution. Native title legislation also provides a framework for compensation to be paid for acts that affect native title rights and interests. Ordinarily, the relevant Commonwealth or State government is liable to pay compensation for acts attributable to it. However, in the state of Western Australia, the Mining Act 1978 (WA) provides that an applicant for the grant of, or the holder of, a mining tenement is responsible for native title compensation, if determined to be payable, to native title holders.



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Federal, state and territory Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal heritage laws operate in parallel to the native title legislation. State and territory heritage laws exist predominantly for the purposes of managing the impact of developments on sites, objects and areas of heritage significance. In Western Australia, impacts to Aboriginal cultural heritage are regulated by the Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 (WA). However, this legislation will be repealed and replaced by the Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act 2021 (WA) (the “ACH Act”) which was enacted in 2021. The regulations, management code and various guidelines which underpin the ACH Act are being co-designed by the State government, traditional owners, industry and other stakeholders. The ACH Act will not become fully operational until the co-design process is complete in mid-2023 at the earliest. Where an area of heritage significance is placed on the national or world heritage registers, federal approval processes may also apply. To date, there has not been any significant impact on any of AngloGold Ashanti’s tenure due to native title or heritage legislation and, at this stage, it is not possible to predict any significant impact that may result in the future from the final regulations, management code and various guidelines under the ACH Act, once adopted.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operating properties are located in the state of Western Australia where tenure is issued under, and mining operations are governed by, the Mining Act 1978 (WA). The most common forms of tenure in Western Australia Sunrise Dam, which is wholly owned,are exploration and Tropicana, a JVprospecting licences, mining leases, miscellaneous licences and general purpose leases. In most Australian states, if the holder of an exploration licence establishes indications of an economic mineral deposit in the area covered by the exploration licence and complies with IGO Limited (IGO). AngloGoldthe conditions of the grant, the holder of the exploration licence has a 70% stakepriority right against all others to be granted a mining lease which gives the holder exclusive mining rights with respect to minerals on the property.

It is possible for an individual or entity to own an area of land (including for infrastructure purposes) and for another individual or entity to be granted the right to explore for or mine any minerals located on or under the surface of the same area. The maximum initial term of a mining lease in Western Australia is manager,21 years and IGO holds 30%the holder has the right to renew the lease for an additional 21 years. Subsequent renewals are granted at the discretion of the respective state or territory’s minister responsible for mining rights. In Western Australia, mining leases can only be assigned with the prior written consent of the minister.

Tax laws relating to mining

Government royalties are payable by the holder of mining tenure in respect of minerals obtained from the relevant area of land at the rates specified in the relevant legislation in each state or territory. The royalty on gold production in Western Australia is payable quarterly at a fixed rate of 2.5 percent of the royalty value of gold metal produced. The royalty value is calculated by multiplying the amount of gold produced during a given month by the average gold spot price for that month. In addition, the holder of a mining tenement is required to pay annual rent in respect of the tenement. In Western Australia there is a minimum annual expenditure requirement for prospecting and exploration licences and mining leases. Exemptions from the expenditure requirement can be obtained if certain conditions are satisfied.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Mining tenements will be granted with endorsements and conditions relating to protection of the environment. Exploration and mining operations may also require separate approval from the state, territory or federal environment minister, which may require completion of an environmental impact assessment (including a public consultation period) pursuant to applicable environmental protection legislation prior to commencement. Further, a works 'construction' approval and an operating licence under the relevant environmental protection legislation in the state or territory may also be required for certain mine processing or mining-related operations. In Western Australia, legislation removing the distinction between “works approvals” and “licenses” is expected to enter into force in December 2023 such that, following the effective date, only a “license” will be required for “prescribed activities”, which include relevant works and operations on a mining lease, and not a separate “works approval”. Open pitDepending on the jurisdiction, additional approvals may be required for the removal of native vegetation within the tenement, and undergroundthe taking and use of water for exploration and mining occur at both operations.

Australia - Sunrise Dam
Description
Sunrise Dam, which is wholly owned, is located 220 kilometres northeast of KalgoorlieAngloGold Ashanti’s rights and 55 kilometres south of Laverton in Western Australia. Underground mining, which is conducted by a contract mining company, is the primary source of ore, with supplementary mill feed in 2020 provided by stockpiles. Development of a satellite open pit mine at Golden Delicious began in the fourth quarter of 2020 and from the third quarter of 2021 open pit ore will fully replace low-grade stockpiled ore in mill feed.permits

Open pit production began in 1997 and the pit was completed at a final depth of 500 metres below surface in 2014. Underground mining commenced in 2003 with a number of different mining methods being applied, depending on the style of mineralisation and grade of the geological domain. By 2014, the mine was wholly an underground mining operation with mill feed supplemented by stockpiles. The underground mining infrastructureAngloGold Ashanti has been upgradedgranted 21-year term mining leases with additional power feed installedrights of renewal to all of its mining areas in 2017Australia, including its proportionate share of joint venture operations and a major ventilation fan upgrade completedaccordingly it has, together with its joint venture partners where applicable, the exclusive right to mine in 2018.those areas. Both the Group and its joint venture partners are fully authorised to conduct operations in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. The mining leases and rights of renewal cover the current life-of-mine at AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Australia.

At Sunrise Dam, operates within twoone mining leases covering over 7,800ha, which are in good standing withlease (M39/1116) covers the expiry dates in 2038. All Mineral Resource, Ore Reservesdeposit and mine infrastructure are hosted within(approximately 7,808 hectares) and another mining lease M39/1116 while lease M39/1117 hosts(M39/1117) covers the water extraction infrastructure used to supply the operation with water.water (approximately 1,768 hectares). Both leases are currently in good standing, with expiry dates in 2038.

Mining is carried out by underground mining contractors and productivity improvements over the past few years has seen total underground tonnages mined reach a steady state of around 2.8Mtpa. This has been possible by the use of bulk mechanised sub-level open stoping using stabilising pillars and waste backfill where possible. Ore is treated in a conventional gravity and CIL process plant equipped with a fine grind and flotation circuit which was commissioned in the second half of 2018. The plant throughput rate for Sunrise dam is 4.1Mtpa. Power at Sunrise Dam is self-generated, and the mine uses natural gas supplied via an APA Operations (Pty) Limited pipeline. Pre-stripping of the Golden Delicious satellite pit, 12 km from the Sunrise Dam processing plant, began in the fourth quarter of 2020. Ore production from Golden Delicious is scheduled to being in the second quarter of 2021.

Geology
Gold ore at Sunrise Dam is structurally and lithologically controlled within gently dipping high strain shear zones and steeply dipping brittle-ductile low strain shear zones. Host rocks include andesitic volcanic rocks, volcanogenic sediments and magnetic shales.

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Australia - Tropicana
Description
Tropicana, aButcher Well joint venture between AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent and operator) and IGO Limited (30 percent), is located 200 kilometres east of Sunrise Dam and 330 kilometres east-northeast of Kalgoorlie Boulder, Western Australia. Open pit mining began during 2012 with first gold production occurring in September 2013. The operation features a large scale, modern processing plant which uses conventional carbon-in-leach technology and includes high-pressure grinding rolls for energy-efficient comminution. Open pit mining activities are carried out by a contract mining company and the plant is owner operated. The Boston Shaker underground mine at Tropicana started commercial production in September 2020.

Tropicana has security of tenure for all current exploration licenseslicences and for the contiguous mining leaseleases that covers its future Ore Reserve.Mineral Resource. There are three mining leases: mining lease (M39/165) which covers 602.35 hectares with expiry date in 2030, mining lease (M39/166) which covers 990 hectares with expiry date in 2030 and mining lease (M39/230) which covers 446.4 hectares with expiry date in 2032.




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At Tropicana, the deposit is situated upon a single mining lease (M39/1096) covering approximately 27,228 hectares, which is currently in good standing, with an expiry date in 2036.

AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited is also conducting early stage exploration activities in Queensland under the Mineral Resources Act 1989 (QLD). AngloGold Ashanti holds 15 exploration permits covering 316,851 hectares. Each permit is granted with an initial term of five years, renewable for two further periods of not more than five years each.


AMERICAS

Argentina

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

Mining regime

The Argentinean Mining Code governs mining activity in the country. Special regimes exist for hydrocarbons and nuclear minerals. In the case of most minerals, the Argentinean Mining Code establishes that the owner of the land is not the owner of the mineral rights; these are held by the national or provincial governments (depending on the location of the minerals). The national or provincial government, as applicable, is required by the Argentinean Mining Code to grant whomever discovers a new mine title to the mining concession.

The Argentinean Mining Code regulates exploration permits as well as mining concessions, or exploitation rights. Exploration permits grant their holders exclusivity rights to any mineral discoveries, including those made by a third party within the exploration area covered by the permit. Exploration permits are limited in time and as to the extent of the exploration area, are subject to the payment of a single-time fee, and also require a minimum exploration work programme and schedule to keep the permit in force. Priority for receiving a mining concession is given to the registered discoverer of the mine, which holds the exploration permit. Once the application for a mine has been submitted, the applicant may commence works and must submit a legal survey of the units requested for the new mine. The application and the legal survey may be opposed by third parties following specific proceedings set forth in the Argentinean Mining Code. Approval and registration of the legal survey by the provincial mining authority constitutes formal title to the mining concession.

Holders of mining concessions must comply with three main conditions: payment of an annual fee, investment of a minimum amount of capital, and the carrying out of a reasonable level of exploitation. Failure to do so could lead to forfeiture of the mining concession, which would then revert back to the Province.

In addition to the Argentinean Mining Code, between 1993 and 1995, Argentina implemented several federal laws to offer foreign companies attractive incentives for exploration and mining in Argentina, the Mining Investment Law (Law No. 24, 196), as amended (the “Mining Investment Law”), and related legal provisions being the most important one. Such incentives include, among other matters, import duty exemptions, accelerated depreciation of fixed assets, a three percent cap on provincial royalties set at pit-head value on the mineral extracted, value added tax refunds for exploration-related expenses incurred by companies registered under the Mining Investment Law, and, subject to the filing of a feasibility study for the relevant mining project, a 30-year stability as to the tax burden on the project and the customs and foreign exchange regimes and duties. Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (“CVSA”) obtained its tax, customs and foreign exchange stability certificate in 1996.

Glacier Law

On 30 September 2010, the National Law on Minimum Requirements for the Protection of Glaciers (Law No. 26, 639) (the “Glacier Law”) was enacted in Argentina, banning new mining exploration and exploitation activities on glaciers and “peri-glacial” areas. The Glacier Law establishes a broad definition of “peri-glacial” areas that, together with glacial areas, must be surveyed by an existing national government agency specifically appointed to this end every five years. The area where the Cerro Vanguardia project is located does not include any glaciers or peri-glacial areas according to the inventory of glaciers which was published in June 2018.

Rural Land Law

On 27 December 2011, the Argentinean National Congress passed a law on the Regime for Protection of National Domain over Ownership, Possession or Tenure of Rural Land (Law No. 26, 737) (the “Rural Land Law”) which implemented a set of rules restricting the ownership of rural land by foreigners (including foreign individuals or any kind of legal entity controlled by foreign individuals or legal entities). The main restrictions are as follows: (i) foreigners cannot own in the aggregate more than 15 percent of the entire rural land of Argentina, the same cap being applicable to each Province and Municipality; (ii) foreigners will not be allowed to purchase more than 1,000 hectares in the so-called “zona núcleo”, which comprises the main agricultural areas of central Argentina or an “equivalent” surface depending on the location of the land and its productive potential; and (iii) foreigners will not be allowed to buy land that contains, or is adjacent to, relevant and permanent water bodies (such as rivers and lakes). Although exploration permits and mining concessions are not the subject matter of the restrictions placed by the Rural Land Law, certain rights granted to foreign mining companies under the Argentinean Mining Code may be restricted by this



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new law. For example, the right that holders of mining concessions currently have to force the surface owner to sell the land to the holder of the mining concession might be restricted if the concession holder is a foreign individual or a legal entity controlled by foreigners.

Federal Mining Agreement

On 13 June 2017, the national government and the provinces in whose territories the main mining projects of Argentina are located, signed the New Federal Mining Agreement (“FMA”). The purpose of the FMA is, amongst other things, to increase provincial revenues from the mining industry by creating legal entities owned by provincial governments that would work in association with private mining companies. This leasescheme is M39/1096not new in Argentina and it has been used by some provincial governments, amongst them the Santa Cruz Province (through Fomicruz), in which the Cerro Vanguardia project is located. The FMA also contemplates other forms of revenues such as the formation of special trusts to be funded by mining companies to finance education, health and other programmes. Additionally, the FMA included setting forth mining royalties up to three percent of the gross value of commercialised minerals, without any deductions other than VAT. As the FMA has not yet been converted into law by the National Congress, its provisions are neither binding nor enforceable.

In Argentina, the current regulatory regime of royalty payments is expected to change and several different options and payment thresholds have been discussed. In December 2012, the Santa Cruz Province changed the mining royalty from one percent to three percent calculated at pit-head value of the mineral extracted thus bringing it to the cap of the Mining Investment Law.

Foreign exchange and export rules

Foreign exchange controls

On 1 September 2019, by means of Executive Decree No. 609/2019 (the “Export Controls Decree”), the Argentinean national government reinstated foreign exchange and export controls. The Export Controls Decree and related regulations of the Central Bank of Argentina impose, among other measures, the obligation of Argentinean residents to transfer to Argentina and/or sell for Argentinean pesos in the Argentinean foreign exchange market (mercado de cambios) the countervalue (contravalor) from their exports of goods within a specified period. The export of goods is regulated by the Consolidated Text on “Foreign Trade and Exchange” issued by the Argentinean Central Bank (as amended from time to time) which establishes the specific regulatory requirements to implement the measures adopted by the national government in this area. Prior approval of the Argentinean Central Bank is generally required to access the foreign exchange market for transactions relating to the outflow of funds, except in certain circumstances.

In October 2022, the Argentinean national government implemented the Argentinean System of Imports (Sistema de Importaciones de la República Argentina) (“SIRA”) and the Argentinean System of Imports and Foreign Payments of Services (Sistema de Importaciones de la República Argentina y Pagos de Servicios al Exterior). Importers must obtain a SIRA approval in the form of a SIRA certificate for the import of goods and to access the foreign exchange market for payments in connection with the import of goods. Additionally, from 1 January 2023, Argentinean residents, such as CVSA, must comply with certain supplementary provisions in order to access the foreign exchange market without prior approval of the Argentinean Central Bank, unless an exception applies.

CVSA had a cash balance equivalent to $116 million at 31 December 2022. The cash balance is available to be paid to AngloGold Ashanti’s offshore ($105 million (equivalent)) and onshore ($15 million (equivalent)) investment holding companies in the form of declared dividends. Applications have been made to the Argentinean Central Bank to approve the purchase of U.S. dollars in order to distribute offshore dividends related to the 2019, 2020 and 2021 financial years of $105 million (equivalent) to AngloGold Ashanti. Also, under a special regime established for dividend payments, a new petition to distribute a portion of the offshore dividends applied for, in the amount of $54 million (equivalent), was submitted to the Argentinean Central Bank during the third quarter of 2022. In December 2022, the Argentinean Central Bank approved, based on the applications submitted under this special regime, the payment of $17 million (equivalent) to AngloGold Ashanti. As a result, during 2022, AngloGold Ashanti received offshore dividends from CVSA in a total amount of $17 million (net of withholding taxes) paid in U.S. dollars. While the remaining approvals are pending, the cash remains fully available for CVSA’s operational and exploration requirements.

Export duties

On 21 December 2019, the National Law on Social Solidarity and Productive Reactivation (Law No. 27, 541) (the “Solidarity Law”) was enacted. The Solidarity Law granted the national government power until 31 December 2021 to impose export duties which may not exceed certain caps. For example, the Solidarity Law provides that export duties on mining exports cannot exceed eight percent of the taxable value or official FOB price. On 2 October 2020, the national government published Decree No. 785/2020 (the “Export Duties Decree”) which sets an export duty rate of eight percent for certain goods, including doré bars and gold alloys, and revoked the provisions of Decree No. 793/2018 which had previously set the export duty at 12 percent ad valorem. While the Export Duties Decree was set to expire at the end of 2021, on 31 December 2021, the national government published Decree No. 908/2021, extending the deadline of export duties on certain goods, including doré bars and gold alloys, until 31 December 2023. It is uncertain whether the national government is empowered to extend such deadline beyond the date set forth in the Solidarity Law. These export duties, if not compensated with other tax reductions, affect the tax stability guarantee granted to CVSA in 1996 in light of the fact that at the time export duties were zero percent.



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On 26 February 2019, the Argentinean tax and mining authorities published a resolution (RC 4428/2019) establishing an administrative procedure to be followed to obtain the reimbursement or compensation of federal taxes paid in excess of the total tax burden provided for by the applicable tax stability guarantee (the “2019 Procedure”). CVSA initiated the 2019 Procedure to claim compensation for the export duties it paid in 2018, 2019 and 2020 as export duties are not contemplated by its tax stability guarantee. Prior to the publication of RC 4428/2019, CVSA had already submitted to the tax authorities claims for reimbursement of the export duties it paid from 2008 to 2015.

Pursuant to the 2019 Procedure, the National Mining Secretariat issued favorable opinions regarding CVSA’s claims in respect of fiscal years 2018 and 2019, which amounted to approximately $2.0 million and $6.3 million, respectively, as of 31 December 2022. These claims are currently under review by the relevant customs authorities. On 14 July 2021, CVSA submitted its claim in respect of fiscal year 2020, which amounted to approximately $12.4 million as of 31 December 2022. The National Mining Secretary has not yet issued an opinion regarding this claim.

Furthermore, CVSA has requested the tax authorities to apply the 2019 Procedure in respect of its historical claims for fiscal years 2008 to 2015 during which the imposition of export duties also exceeded CVSA’s total tax burden under its tax stability guarantee. However, these claims, which amounted to approximately $3.1 million as of 31 December 2022, are still being reviewed under the rules to challenge export duties instead of the 2019 Procedure. CVSA has appealed the application of those rules and a decision on this issue is pending.

On 9 June 2022, the Argentinean tax and mining authorities published a resolution (RC 5205/2022) establishing a new administrative procedure to be followed to obtain the reimbursement or compensation of federal taxes paid in excess of the total tax burden provided for by the applicable tax stability guarantee (the “2022 Procedure”). This 2022 Procedure replaces the 2019 Procedure established by RC 4428/2019. On 20 September 2022, CVSA submitted its claim for compensation for the export duties in respect of fiscal year 2021, which amounted to approximately $11.2 million as of 31 December 2022, pursuant to the 2022 Procedure. This claim is currently under review by the National Mining Secretary.

In total, AngloGold Ashanti’s net export duty receivables (after discounting provisions) in Argentina amounted to $9 million as of 31 December 2022.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Any mining company wishing to commence or modify any mining-related activity, as defined by the Argentinean Mining Code, including prospecting, exploration, exploitation, development, preparation, extraction, and storage of mineral substances, as well as property abandonment or mine closure activity, is required to prepare and submit to the competent provincial environmental authority an Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”) prior to commencing the work. Each EIA is required to describe the nature of the proposed work, its potential risk to the environment, and the measures that will be taken to mitigate that risk. If accepted by the competent authority, the EIA is used as the basis to create a Declaration of Environmental Impact (“DEI”) to which the mining company is required to adhere during the mining-related activity at issue. The DEI is required to be updated at least on a biannual basis. Sanctions and penalties for non-compliance with the DEI are outlined in the Environmental Protection section of the Argentinean Mining Code, and may include warnings, fines, suspension of quality certifications, obligations to restore the environment, temporary or permanent closure of activities, and withdrawal of authorisation to conduct mining-related activities.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The mining concession holder of Cerro Vanguardia, the Company’s operation in Argentina, is AngloGold Ashanti’s partner, Fomento Minero de Santa Cruz S.E. (“Fomicruz”), which is wholly owned by the Santa Cruz Province. On 27 December 1996, Fomicruz entered into a usufruct agreement whereby CVSA was granted an irrevocable right to exploit the Cerro Vanguardia deposit (encompassing an area of approximately 543 km2) for a 40-year period. The mining licence (402642/CV/97), which covers the full Mineral Reserve, expires on 26 December 2036. CVSA is a corporation incorporated in Argentina indirectly controlled by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5 percent), with Fomicruz as minority shareholder (7.5 percent). On 14 August 1996, CVSA obtained its tax, customs and foreign exchange stability certificate, which expires in 2026.

Brazil

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

The Brazilian Constitution of 1934 states that, for purposes of exploration and exploitation, deposits and other Mineral Resources constitute property separate from the soil and belong to the Federal Union. Exploration and exploitation of such Mineral Resources may take place only with the Federal Union’s concession and in such a way as to protect the national interest. Federal law sets out penal and administrative sanctions for conduct and activities deemed harmful to the environment.

In Brazil, the National Mining Agency (“ANM”) is the state body within the Mines and Energy Ministry (“MME”) that is responsible for: (i) the registration of mining titles, (ii) the grant of authorisations and concessions, (iii) the supervision of mining activities and mining titleholders, and (iv) the issuance of supplementary rules in relation to mining activity.




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Under the current Brazilian Mining Code, there are two kinds of mines: (i) claimstake mines (minas manifestadas), for which rights were acquired before 1934 and exist independently of any mining licence or authorisation from the Federal Government and for which the Mineral Resources constitute property of the landowner, and (ii) granted mines, which are those that rely on grants from the Federal Government for mineral exploration or exploitation (pursuant to the Brazilian Constitution of 1988). AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Brazil consist of both claimstake mines and granted mines.

Mining activities in granted mines must be performed in two defined stages: (i) exploration, which entails defining and evaluating the deposit and determining the feasibility of exploitation, and (ii) exploitation, which involves coordinating operations aimed at the industrial exploitation of the mineral deposit, from the extraction of useful minerals to their processing. Exploration authorisations issued by the ANM are valid for one to four years. One extension can be obtained automatically as long as it is justified. For more than one extension, the extension request will have to satisfy specific legal requirements. In contrast, exploitation rights, once granted, are valid for the lifetime of the deposit, provided the mining titleholder complies with all legal requirements. Pursuant to these requirements, for example, titleholders must (i) start work on mineral exploitation within six months from 11 March 2015the date of publication of the Exploitation Concession, (ii) continue their mining activities until the mineral deposit has been exhausted, in accordance with the Economic Exploitation Plan (Plano de Aproveitamento Econômico) approved by the ANM, and (iii) refrain from suspending mining activities without prior notice to 10 March 2036the ANM.

Tax laws relating to mining

During the exploration period, the mining titleholder has to pay an Annual Rate per Hectare (Taxa Annual por Hectare or “TAH”), subject to a maximum value set by law. In the exploitation period, regardless of the legal regime governing the project (whether claimstake or granted mines), the mining titleholder has to pay the Financial Compensation for Exploiting Mineral Resources (Compensação Financeira pela Exploração Mineral or “CFEM”). The CFEM which is 1.5 percent for gold is currently calculated based on revenues.

At the end of 2011 and the beginning of 2012, the states of Minas Gerais, Pará, Amapá and Mato Grosso do Sul each created a new “inspection and control” tax (duty) on extraction and exploration activities as well as on the use of Mineral Resource carried out in those states. In the state of Minas Gerais, gold ore and silver ore are exempted from the collection of this new duty. At the end of 2020, the state of Goiás created a new “inspection and control” tax (duty) on extraction and exploration activities carried out in this state, which currently still needs to be implemented. The constitutionality of these “inspection and control” taxes was upheld by the Supreme Court of Brazil on 1 August 2022.

Environmental laws relating to mining

Following the catastrophic failure of a tailings storage facility (“TSF”) at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil in January 2019, executive, legislative and judiciary bodies, both at the federal and state levels, have generally increased scrutiny of mining operations in Brazil, and of TSFs in particular, and have been considering, and in some cases have adopted, stricter laws and regulations applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs in Brazil.

At the federal level, the ANM issued Resolution No. 13/19 in August 2019 (replacing its earlier Resolution No. 4/19) which adopted additional regulatory measures to ensure the stability of TSFs, in particular those built or heightened by the upstream method or by any method declared as “unknown”. Among other things, ANM Resolution No. 13/19 prohibits the upstream method for the construction or heightening of tailings dams throughout the national territory of Brazil. It further requires operators to cease all storage and disposal activities at TSFs (known as “deactivation” or “desativação”) constructed or heightened upstream or by an “unknown” method by 15 September 2021 as well as to decommission such TSFs by 15 September 2022 to 15 September 2027 (depending on the capacity volume). To comply with the terms of ANM Resolution No. 13/19, the Serra Grande tailings dam in the state of Goiás must be decommissioned by 15 September 2025. The Serra Grande mine completed the process of reinforcing the dam walls of its upstream TSF, deactivating the TSF and migrating to dry-stacking operations, each by the 15 September 2021 deadline.

Furthermore, Federal Law No. 14.066/20, adopted in October 2020, also imposes requirements on companies to decommission upstream TSFs, including the Serra Grande tailings dam, by 25 February 2022 (which date is earlier than required by ANM Resolution No. 13/19). However, Federal Law No. 14.066/20 does permit extensions of the compliance deadline, with the consent of the ANM based on the technical plan for decommissioning. Serra Grande submitted timely requests to obtain an extension of the compliance deadline until 2025 in line with the timeline set forth in ANM Resolution No. 13/19 and presented its technical plan for decommissioning. On 26 May 2022, the ANM issued a technical note allowing the extension until 2025. With respect to downstream (or “centerline”) TSFs, Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires companies, to the extent that communities are located in the self-rescue zone of those TSFs, to implement one of the following measures for such structures: either (i) the structure must be deactivated and decommissioned, (ii) the population must be relocated, with reparations for loss of cultural heritage, or (iii) reinforcement works that guarantee the effective stability of the structure must be carried out, by decision of the public authorities, taking into account the previous nature of the dam in relation to the occupation and technical-financial viability of the alternatives. Even if reinforcement works are completed, deactivation and decommissioning of those TSFs will be required at the end of the life of the mine. All of the TSFs operated by AngloGold Ashanti in Brazil have communities located in self-rescue zones.




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As of 31 December 2022, AngloGold Ashanti has fully transitioned to dry-stacking operations for tailings storage at each location in Brazil. Capital expenditures required in 2022 to implement this new technology amounted to approximately $83 million. Capital expenditures for work required to comply with TSF-related requirements during the period 2023-2025 are expected to be material but, based on preliminary estimates to date, AngloGold Ashanti anticipates that annual expenditures for each of these years will be less than in prior years and will decline over time. Neither ANM Resolution No. 13/19 nor Federal Law No. 14.066/20 requires removal of all tailings material in connection with the decommissioning of TSFs (a process known as “decharacterisation” or “descaracterização”).

At the state level, the state legislator in the state of Minas Gerais adopted Law No. 23.291/19 in February 2019 which contains the state’s policy on TSF safety and should be implemented in conjunction with the equivalent federal policy. Among other things, Law No. 23.291/19 determines the criteria for licensing and inspecting TSF structures, prohibits TSFs constructed or heightened using the upstream method, establishes bond requirements and holds management liable for non-compliance with its provisions. The government of Minas Gerais adopted several decrees in furtherance of this legislation.

In addition, ANM Resolution No. 95/22, which became effective on 22 February 2022, effectively consolidates prior federal resolutions on TSFs, including ANM Resolution No. 13/19, and establishes new criteria for the operational management of TSF structures, changes the criteria related to the risk classification of TSF structures and emergency levels and sets new criteria for the suspension, embargo (order to stop operations) and interdiction of TSF activities. Operators of TSFs were mandated to conduct and submit risk assessments to the ANM by December 2022 and are required to update those risk assessments every two years. Operators are also required, on an annual basis, to obtain certifications from external consultants of the geotechnical stability of TSF structures and the adequacy of emergency response plans. In late 2022, tailings deposition was required to be suspended due to embargos at five of AngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Brazil pending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (Declaração de Conformidade e Operacionalidade (“DCO”)) as well as, at one such TSF, certification by external consultants of geotechnical stability (Declaração de Condição de Estabilidade (“DCE”)) consistent with the new standards. In addition, at the Calcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. Construction at the Calcinados TSF is expected to begin later in 2023, and the timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. Tailings deposition at the Calcinados TSF, as well as processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant, which services the Cuiabá mine complex, is suspended until additional buttressing of the Calcinados TSF impoundment is complete.

On 1 December 2022, the ANM published ANM Resolution No. 122/22, which relates to administrative sanctions for non-compliance with mining and dam safety regulations and which, in addition to significantly increasing the values of applicable fines and penalties, establishes procedures and parameters for available sanctions including seizures of ore, goods and equipment, suspension of mining activities, demolition of mine infrastructure and invalidation or cancellation of title and exploration licences.

Further amendments to the regulatory requirements in Brazil governing such TSFs and related dams are expected to be adopted in 2023.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

At AGA Mineraçao, Cuiabá has a single mining concession (No. 000.323/1973) covering a total area of 27,228ha.3,662 hectares. In February 2022, two additional mining concessions for Cuiabá (Nos. 830.937/1979 and 831.027/1980) were published, which cover an additional area of 816.2 hectares. Lamego has a single mining concession (No. 932.710/2017) covering a total area of 1,622 hectares. Córrego do Sítio is hosted by five geographically contiguous mining concessions (i.e., Nos. 930.556/2000, 930.181/2008, 830.129/1982, 833.472/2003 and 830.943/1979) covering a total area of 6,017 hectares.

At Serra Grande, the Company has interests in or agreements over 25,719.94 hectares in the Crixás greenstone belt, representing approximately 87 percent of the relevant tenements that correspond to all current exploration and mining activities. These have been held since 1987. The mining concessions include mining concession No. 002.286/1935 covering an area of 4,206.88 hectares, mining concession No. 960.658/1987 covering an area of 1,946.89 hectares, mining concession No. 860.746/2005 covering an area of 88.28 hectares, mining concession No. 862.103/1994 covering an area of 125.41 hectares and mining concession No. 804.366/1975 covering an area of 196.05 hectares.

All of the Company’s mining concessions in Brazil are currently active, in good legal and operational standing, and free of liabilities and/or major obligations. Brazilian mining concessions remain valid up to the depletion of the Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource pursuant to the Economic Exploitation Plan approved by the ANM and in accordance with the required environmental permits, and as a result do not have an explicit expiry date.










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Colombia

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

General regime

The Colombian Constitution declares that the sub-soil and the non-renewable natural resources located within the Colombian territory are the property of the Colombian State. The underlying principle of Colombian mining legislation for the granting of mining concession contracts over free areas is first in time, first in law. Mining activities are regulated by the Colombian Mining Code, Act 685, 2001.

The filing of an exploration and exploitation proposal triggers a right of preference to obtain rights over the targeted area, provided it is available. Such area cannot exceed 10,000 hectares. Upon receipt of a proposal, the relevant government agency determines whether another proposal or contract already governs the area. If there are no pre-existing claims, the government agency grants the applicant a “free area”.

With respect to land ownership, a mining concession in Colombia does not grant the rights over the surface required to develop a mining project. Therefore, in order to develop a mining project, it is required to acquire and secure access to the land (soil). This can be achieved in several ways, such as (i) purchase of the land, (ii) a transit easement, (iii) a mining easement, and (iv) the special acquisition process or expropriation.

Concession contract

As the sub-soil and the non-renewable natural resources located within the Colombian territory are property of the Colombian State, the Colombian Mining Authority (Agencia Nacional de Minería) grants the authorisation to explore and exploit minerals through a concession contract.

Such concessions allow concessionaires to conduct the studies, works and facilities necessary to establish the existence of minerals and to organise their exploitation. Upon being awarded a mining concession, a company must take out an insurance policy to cover the costs associated with potential environmental damage as well as breaches of its mining obligations. It may then proceed with exploration activities. Once the exploration phase is complete, the concessionaire files a new plan regarding proposed works and facilities. With the award of the mining concession or tenement contract, there are specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, e.g. exploration, construction, exploitation. The company must comply with these timelines unless performance is suspended, for example, due to force majeure or these timelines are extended or modified. A grant of force majeure is for one year and must be renewed on an annual basis. If the company does not comply with the specified timelines for the completion of the various phases of a mining project, the mining authority may revoke the company's concession contracts or mining licences. As a general matter, any company that wishes to obtain a renewal of its concession contract must be up to date in all its legal and contractual obligations and must present a new plan of works and facilities to be implemented after the contract is renewed.

PINES programme

In 2013, the national government instituted the PINES programme designed to aid promoting certain projects that are deemed to have a national interest. This designation provides for greater oversight from the national government. All of our three advanced exploration projects (La Colosa, Quebradona and Gramalote) were considered of national strategic interest. Currently, Quebradona and Gramalote remain in the PINES programme, but La Colosa was temporarily removed as such (until the force majeure is over).

Tax laws relating to mining

From the moment the concession contract is registered with the Mining Register, the concessionaire has several financial obligations, including the payment of (i) a surface fee during the exploration, construction and assembly stage and (ii) royalties.

Once exploration is complete and the mining infrastructure in place, the concessionaire must begin paying royalties to the Colombian government, consisting of a percentage of the primary product and sub-products being exploited. The percentage of the royalty depends on the regulation in force when the concession contract is registered. In the case of the Quebradona project, the deposit mainly consists of copper followed by gold and silver. There is a five percent royalty for copper on the production value at the mine’s or well’s edge (i.e. when extracted from the subsoil). In case of gold and silver, a royalty of four percent on the production valued at the mine’s or well’s edge (i.e. when extracted from the subsoil) was established.

Furthermore, Colombian law establishes that once the environmental licence is granted the concessionaire must invest one percent of the project’s value to benefit the basins covered by the environmental licence.







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Environmental laws relating to mining

In order to obtain an authorisation to carry out a mining project, a company must prepare an Environmental Impact Study (“EIA”) for approval by the National Environmental Licensing Authority of Colombia (Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales or “ANLA”). Global environmental licences are granted for the entire life of the project and cover all phases: construction, assembly, operation, maintenance, dismantling, final restoration, abandonment and/or termination. Construction and assembly permits (Plan de Trabajos y Obras or “PTO”) are granted by the mining authority with jurisdiction over the project.

In Colombia, the mining authority has the discretion to declare the underlying concession void if the specific company which holds the concession breaches applicable environmental laws or regulations. If the mining authority were to exercise such discretion, a company whose concession was voided would be required to abandon its projects and all of its other existing mining concession contracts. Pending proposals for new mining concession contracts would also be cancelled and the company would be banned from doing business with the Colombian government for a period of five years. As a result, the company would be unable to conduct any mining exploration or development activities during such period. However, this would not affect other subsidiaries of the company operating in Colombia, if those concession contracts are held singularly or in concert with joint venture partners.

Mining activity is prohibited in national parks, regional parks, protected forest reserves, paramos (included in Act 1753, introduced in 2015) and wetlands, pursuant to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance. Some forest reserves are not “protected” but are set aside for active forestry purposes and the concessionaire must obtain a specific permit to partially and temporarily change the use of the soil before pursuing exploration activities. In addition, Resolution 1987/2016, passed by the national government in late 2016, identifies areas that the Ministry of the Environment has determined to be “paramos” areas, or paramos transition areas. In these areas there are limitations on industrial or commercial work being performed, including mining. The regulation also specifies a process to determine what work, if any, can be performed in a paramos-designated area.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

The La Colosa project managed by AngloGold Ashanti Colombia S.A.S. (“AGA Colombia”) remains in force majeure due to delays in granting environmental permits by national and local environmental authorities, thereby preventing AGA Colombia from undertaking further exploration activities. The most recent one-year grant of force majeure, during which time the specified timelines for completing the various phases of the mining project under the concession contract are suspended, will expire on 22 June 2023. AGA Colombia applied for a mining area integration (consolidation) of its concession contracts related to La Colosa, in respect of which AGA Colombia was not in compliance with some of the specified timelines. The application for mining area integration (consolidation) was approved in March 2017, which remedied the non-compliance of each consolidated concession and reset the specified timelines. La Colosa now has a single integrated mining concession contract (EIG-163) which covers a total area of 9,210 hectares and expires on 28 February 2037.

Minera de Cobre Quebradona S.A.S. B.I.C. (“MCQ”) which manages the Quebradona project, obtained the integration of concession agreement 5881 in October 2016 and registered in December 2016. As a result, MCQ was granted the exclusive right to explore, take ownership and dispose of the mineral reserves (ore) extracted from the concession area. MCQ has the right to request an extension of up to 30 years, at least two years before the expiration of the operating period. This extension is not automatic, and the request must be filed with new technical, economic, environmental and social studies that demonstrate the status of the mineral resources. Concession contract 5881 initially covered a total area of 7,593 hectares, which was reduced to 4,881.89 hectares by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia) on 4 March 2022. It will expire in May 2037 and is currently in its seventh year of the integrated exploration phase. In September 2021, the permits for the construction and mining operation were approved by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia). On 4 November 2021, ANLA officially notified AngloGold Ashanti of its decision to ‘archive’ the environmental licence application relating to the Quebradona project. ANLA has neither denied nor granted the licence, but deemed that the information provided by AngloGold Ashanti is not enough for this authority to take a substantive decision. On 18 November 2021, AngloGold Ashanti appealed the archiving decision in order to secure further details on the specific additional information ANLA requires to make a determination. ANLA denied the appeal on 29 April 2022 and the archiving decision was confirmed. AngloGold Ashanti is in the process of preparing a new Environmental Impact Assessment for the Quebradona project to submit to ANLA in connection with its environmental licence application.

The Gramalote project is organised as a joint operation between AngloGold Ashanti (through AGA Colombia Holdings Limited and AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc) and B2Gold (through B2Gold Corp. and Graminvest Ventures Limited). Gramalote Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of British Virgin Islands which is the legal vehicle operating the joint operation, established a Colombian branch, Gramalote Colombia Limited (“GCL”), to carry out activities in Colombia and obtain the mining concession contracts necessary to develop the Gramalote project. The Gramalote joint operation has been operated by B2Gold since January 2020. Pursuant to an integrated mining concession contract No. 14292, GCL was granted the exclusive right to explore, take ownership and dispose of the mineral reserves (ore) extracted from the concession area (which covers a total area of 8,720.71 hectares and includes the Gramalote and Monjas anomalies) until April 2043. GCL has the right to request an extension of the operating period for up to 20 years, and, if exercised, such request to extend must include new technical, economic, environmental and social studies that demonstrate the status of the mineral resources. Currently, concession contract



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No. 14292 is in the phase of construction and assembly, pending resettlement of communities and the formal start of construction activities. GCL has received an environmental licence granted by ANLA and permits for the construction and mining operation which were approved by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia). GCL also holds an exploration concession No. 4894 (which covers a total area of 2,279.32 hectares and includes the Trinidad anomaly) which expires in 2044 and an exploration concession No. QHQ-16081 (which covers a total area of 9.78 hectares) which expires in 2052. Following the completion of the feasibility study in the second half of 2022, AngloGold Ashanti and B2Gold determined that the Gramalote project does not meet their investment thresholds for development. Following a comprehensive review of the alternatives relating to the project, both joint operation parties commenced a joint sales process for the Gramalote project, which is currently ongoing.

United States of America (Nevada)

General laws relating to mining and land ownership

General regime

Mineral and surface rights in the United States are owned by private parties, state governments or the federal government. The majority of land utilised for precious metals exploration, development and mining in the western United States is owned by the federal government. The right to mine on such federal land in western states is governed by the U.S. General Mining Law of 1872, as amended (the “General Mining Law”), as well as relevant state statutes and regulations. The General Mining Law allows mining claims (for mining and mining-related activities) on certain federal lands after proper compliance with claim location and maintenance requirements.

Mineral exploration activities in Nevada are also generally subject to applicable federal, state, and local permitting requirements, but the specific regulatory authorisations required for the company’s activities are based on the nature and location of the exploratory work. Many of the company’s Nevada operations are currently conducted under what is generally referred to under federal law as a notice-level operation subject to 43 CFR § 3809.21, while projects that are more advanced require additional permitting, including a Plan of Operations approved by the federal Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”). The State of Nevada Division of Environmental Protection’s Bureau of Mining Regulation and Reclamation (“BMRR”) also regulates mining within the state of Nevada. However, exploration projects of five acres or less on federal land, the scope of a notice-level operation under federal law, are exempt from BMRR regulation. Certain of the company’s early-stage exploration activities fall within this exemption.

The company is currently engaged in exploration activities on certain of its unpatented claims that include, but are not limited to, geological and spectral mapping, surface geochemical sampling, geophysical surveying and RC and/or diamond drilling.

Potential regulatory changes

Over the years, the U.S. Congress has considered a number of proposed amendments to the General Mining Law and other federal statutes relating to mining. Among the significant features contained in previously proposed legislation were a production royalty obligation, new and more stringent environmental standards and conditions, additional reclamation requirements, extensive new procedural steps which would likely result in extended permitting timelines, and granting counties and other entities the ability to petition the U.S. Secretary of the Interior to make certain areas unavailable for the location of unpatented mining claims. In June 2020, former President Trump signed an executive order directing certain federal agencies to streamline the review processes associated with permitting of infrastructure and natural resources projects. Many of those policies have subsequently been rescinded by the Biden administration. While certain other executive orders may favorably affect the timing of our permit and project approvals, the impact is yet to be determined and remains uncertain.

There are a number of bills being proposed to the Nevada state legislature during the 2023 legislative session that could impact the company’s planned operations. These include proposed legislation that would alter the way water rights are administered by the state, as well as a bill that would, if enacted, impose additional requirements for environmental review of mineral development projects in Nevada. At this stage, it is not possible to evaluate whether these bills will be enacted in any form by the Nevada state legislature or, if passed, what impact any might have on AGA.

AGA is currently unaware of any other new federal or state legislative or regulatory changes or rule-making that has been proposed or enacted that would adversely affect its current exploration programmes. If any requirements, standards or conditions were adopted in the future that imposed additional or new obligations or costs on AGA in connection with our exploration or extraction activities in the United States, the company’s operations in Nevada could be adversely affected.

AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits

In Nevada, the company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries hold a significant number of unpatented mining claims on federal lands. The Silicon project consists of approximately 950 unpatented mining claims. The North Bullfrog project consists of 45 patented and approximately 1,600 unpatented mining claims (covering approximately 32,000 acres) situated in the Bullfrog mining district. There are also nine mining leases within the North Bullfrog project the majority of which continue in perpetuity so long as the company meets certain minimal requirements for use of the land. One mining lease is scheduled to expire in 2031. The Mother



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Lode project consists of 13 unpatented mining claims. The North Bullfrog and Mother Lode projects are now controlled by the company as a result of its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Corvus Gold Inc., which closed on 18 January 2022. The southern claim block, encompassing the Sterling mine and other properties in the same general area, consists of approximately 1,900 unpatented claims (covering approximately 35,000 acres), which are now controlled by the company as a result of its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Coeur Sterling, Inc. (a subsidiary of Coeur Mining, Inc.), which closed on 4 November 2022. As a result of this acquisition, the company now controls a past-producing mine site in southern Nevada known as the Sterling mine, which has one applicable mining lease that expires in 2029, with the option to extend the lease for an additional ten-year period. Although the Sterling mine is currently in care and maintenance status, it remains subject to complex permitting and regulatory requirements, including compliance with relevant provisions of the U.S. Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 and oversight by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”).

MINE SITE REHABILITATION AND CLOSURE

Closure, an integral part of operations

All mining operations eventually cease. An integral aspect of operating AngloGold Ashanti’s mines is ongoing planning for site closure and, where feasible, implementation of concurrent rehabilitation, together with an estimate of associated liability costs and the placement of adequate financial provisions and assurances to cover these costs.

AngloGold Ashanti integrates mine closure planning throughout the mine life cycle as follows:
•Exploration stage: developing a plan and programme for cessation and closure of exploration activities in a manner that meets local laws and AngloGold Ashanti's mine closure planning standard.
•Project phase: developing conceptual closure plans and cost estimates for all projects and including them in project feasibility studies, designs and evaluations.
•Operational phase: developing and periodically updating mine closure plans and cost estimates with increasing levels of detail and confidence over the operational phase as part of the business planning process. Closure plan updates take into account operational conditions, planning and regulatory requirements as well as advances in technology and international industry good practice (e.g., the ICMM Integrated Mine Closure Good Practice Guide). Concurrent rehabilitation, which is carried out while a mine is still operational, is a good practice that serves to decrease the final rehabilitation and closure work as well as the ultimate liability.
•Closure period: implementing the final closure plan starting at cessation of operations through a period of decommissioning, dismantling and rehabilitation until the point in time where management of the site is largely limited to monitoring and maintenance.

The Company’s group mine closure planning standard stipulates that closure planning must be undertaken in consultation with the stakeholders. In the course of these consultations, different issues are raised which require site-specific solutions. Each mine closure plan includes a social transition plan which seeks to minimise social impacts and maximise opportunities for local communities, including human resource, social infrastructure, economic and financial assets with the aim of enhancing the self-sustainability of mine communities after mine closure.

Provisions for decommissioning and restoration costs are made when there is a present obligation, it is probable that expenditure on decommissioning and restoration work will be required and the cost can be estimated within a reasonable range of possible outcomes. These costs are based on currently available facts, technology expected to be available at the time of the rehabilitation, laws and regulations presently or virtually certain to be enacted and previous experience in the rehabilitation of mine sites.

Decommissioning costs and restoration costs are provided at the present value of the expenditures expected to settle the obligation, using estimated cash flows based on current prices. Estimates are discounted at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money.

Total provisions for decommissioning and for environmental restoration activities (excluding joint ventures) decreased by $95 million from $673 million in 2021 to $578 million in 2022. This decrease was mainly due to changes in estimates resulting from changes in discount rates, changes in global economic assumptions, changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows as well as changes in the design of TSFs.

SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE (“ESG”) MATTERS

AngloGold Ashanti’s sustainability approach is fundamental to how the Company operates its business, as well as its ability to create long-term value for its shareholders, employees and social partners through safely and responsibly exploring, mining and marketing its products. Sustainability and safety are integrated into the Company’s business and operations at all levels through various frameworks, standards and policies, and the Company measures its performance in achieving its goals against its sustainability and other ESG metrics, as well as its engagement with stakeholders.

In mitigating the risks and impacts that are an inherent part of its business, AngloGold Ashanti is informed by an annual assessment of its key ESG issues. This process is aligned with guidance published by the International Integrated Reporting Council (“IIRC”), the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (“SASB”), the Global Reporting Initiative (“GRI”) Standards and



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the Accountability AA1000 Stakeholder Management Standard. This assessment is annually reviewed by AngloGold Ashanti’s senior leadership and approved by the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee (the “SES Committee”).

AngloGold Ashanti’s board of directors, assisted by the SES Committee, has ultimate responsibility over environmental, safety, health and ethical matters and for the integration of sustainability objectives into AngloGold Ashanti’s business. This includes oversight of the Company’s stakeholder engagement framework and structures, which apply to investors, employees, governments, suppliers and communities, at every stage of its business from exploration to mine closure. Group Corporate Affairs and Sustainability is responsible for development of management systems and supports the Company’s general managers in the day-to-day implementation of its sustainability strategy.

AngloGold Ashanti maintains a set of policies and procedures to guide the Company in acting as a responsible corporate citizen, including the Code of Business Principles and Ethics which sets requirements for the implementation of key corporate policies and guidelines and applies to all management and employees, and to maintain compliance with applicable environmental, health and safety (“EHS”) laws. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti continued with the implementation of the Integrated Sustainability Information Management System (“iSIMS”), in order to improve internal reporting and better integrate, manage and monitor sustainability activities with respect to its broader business. This common management and reporting application for all sustainability disciplines, from safety, health and security to community and environmental management, is expected to help provide timely information in each of these areas, and to facilitate transparency and decision-making in its processes and practices.

Significant EHS requirements and ESG risks and trends affecting the Company’s mining and processing operations are described below.

EHS Regulatory Compliance

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to extensive EHS laws and regulations in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. These requirements govern, among other things, extraction, use, conservation and discharge of water; air emissions (including dust control and greenhouse gases (“GHGs”)); mine and dam safety, regulatory and community reporting; clean-up of contamination; land use and conservation of protected areas; rehabilitation and closure of mined land; worker health and safety and community health; and the generation, transportation, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes, such as reagents, radioactive materials, and mine tailings. Environmental laws and regulations applicable to the Company’s operations, including the requirements contained in environmental permits, are generally becoming more restrictive.

Capital and operating costs to comply with EHS laws and regulations have been, and are expected to continue to be, significant to AngloGold Ashanti. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti could incur fines, penalties and other sanctions, environmental clean-up costs, and third-party claims for personal injury or property or natural resources damages; suffer reputational damage; and be required to install costly pollution control equipment or to modify or suspend facilities, such as TSFs, or operations, as a result of actual or alleged violations of, or liabilities under, EHS laws and regulations. Failure to comply with applicable EHS laws and regulations may also result in the suspension or revocation of permits and, in some jurisdictions, the right to mine a given concession. AngloGold Ashanti’s ability to obtain and maintain permits and other approvals and to successfully operate near host communities may be adversely impacted by real or perceived effects on the environment or human health and safety associated with AngloGold Ashanti’s or other mining companies’ activities. In addition, unknown environmental hazards may exist at the Company’s properties which may have been caused by previous owners or operators.

Water Management

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are heavily dependent upon access to substantial volumes of water for use in the mining and extractive processes and typically are subject to water-use permits or rights to extract water from certain natural sources that govern usage and require, among other things, that mining operations maintain certain water quality upon discharge. Water supply, quality and usage are areas of concern across all of the Company’s operations, including with respect to the Company’s mining operations in Ghana and Brazil, its mine development projects in Nevada, as well as its mine development project at Quebradona in Colombia. Any failure by the Company to secure access to suitable water supplies, or achieve and maintain compliance with applicable requirements of the permits or licences, could result in curtailment or halting of production at the affected operations. Incidents of water pollution or shortage can, in certain cases, lead to community protest and ultimately to the withdrawal of community and government support for AngloGold Ashanti’s operations. A failure by the Company to comply with water contamination related directives may result in further, more stringent, directives being issued against the Company, which may, in some cases, result in a temporary or partial shutdown of some of the Company’s operations.

Where feasible, the Company operates a “closed loop” system which recycles the water used in its operations without discharging it to the environment. In some areas, however, such as Ghana and Brazil, high levels of rainfall and surface water runoff mean that a closed loop system is not feasible and that discharges, after water treatment where necessary, must take place.








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Waste Management

During open-pit mining, large volumes of soil and/or rock (overburden) are mined to expose the ore body. Similarly, waste rock is mined during drilling and developing access to underground ore bodies. Overburden and waste rock typically contain sub-economic levels of gold and are deposited as large waste rock facilities. Mine tailings are the process waste generated once grinding and extraction of gold from the ore is completed in the milling process and are typically deposited as slurry in large tailing storage facilities (“TSFs”) specifically designed for this purpose.

The impact of dust generation, breach, leak, or other failure of a waste rock facility or TSF, including any associated dam, can be significant, and the Company therefore monitors such facilities closely in accordance with the Company’s internal standards, independent review, national regulatory requirements, industry standards and commitments made to local communities. The occasional well-publicised failure of a third-party TSF and the potential impact of such failure also mean that these facilities are generally tightly regulated. A safety or environmental incident at the Company’s operations could result, among other things, in enforcement, including mandatory shutdown of a TSF and related facilities, obligations to remediate environmental contamination, negative press coverage, and claims for property or natural resources damages and personal injury by adjacent communities. Incidents at other mining companies’ operations could result in governmental action to tighten regulatory requirements and restrict certain mining activities, in particular with respect to TSFs, also in respect of other mine operators in that region.

For example, following the catastrophic failure of a TSF at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine owned by Vale at Brumadinho in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil in January 2019, tailings were discharged into the mine’s administrative area and part of the local community, reportedly resulting in death or injury to hundreds of people. As a result of this incident, there has been considerably increased regulatory scrutiny in Brazil and other areas on mining operations generally, and the requirements applicable to the approval, licensing, construction, management, closure and decommissioning of TSFs have generally become far more stringent. For example, in late 2022, tailings deposition was suspended at five of AngloGold Ashanti’s TSFs in Brazil pending certification by external consultants of on-site emergency response plans (“DCO”) and/or geotechnical stability (“DCE”) consistent with new regulatory standards enacted in early 2022. In addition, at the Calcinados TSF, a risk assessment conducted in December 2022 with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. The timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. For further information on the regulatory framework governing TSFs in Brazil, see “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil”.

In addition, a new Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (“GISTM”) was established in August 2020 by a panel comprised of industry and non-governmental organisation (“NGO”) experts. AngloGold Ashanti has committed to comply with the GISTM at all of its TSFs by August 2025, and the costs related to meeting such standard are not expected to be material to AngloGold Ashanti.

In addition, AngloGold Ashanti could incur liabilities, or material costs to manage solid and hazardous waste generated by its mining activities, including dust and residual chemicals and metals. For example, AngloGold Ashanti expects to incur approximately $25 million to $30 million in capital expenditure and operating costs during 2023-2026 in connection with treatment and disposal of a quantity of legacy arsenic trioxide waste located at the Obuasi mine.

Groundwater Impacts and Environmental Remediation

As AngloGold Ashanti or its predecessors have a long history of mining operations in certain regions, issues may arise regarding historical, as well as potential future, environmental or health impacts in those areas, for which AGA, as the current owner/operator, may be legally responsible. For example, AngloGold Ashanti has identified groundwater contamination plumes at certain of its operations. Numerous scientific, technical and legal studies have been undertaken to assist in determining the magnitude of the impact and to find sustainable remediation solutions. Based on those studies as well as discussion with regulators, the Company has taken steps, including monitored natural attenuation and phyto-technologies, to address soil and groundwater contamination, including in Tanzania, where an in-situ remediation project to address sulfate in groundwater commenced operations in 2022.

Subject to the completion of site-specific trials and potential technologies being confirmed as viable remediation techniques, no reliable estimate can be made at this time for the obligation. Should these obligations be significant, this could have a material adverse impact upon AngloGold Ashanti’s results and its financial condition.

Climate Change and GHG Regulation

At AngloGold Ashanti, climate change is a board of directors-level governance issue, overseen by the SES Committee and the Audit and Risk Committee. AngloGold Ashanti’s Climate Change Strategy, which was approved by the board of directors in November 2021, seeks to embed the management of physical, regulatory and transition climate change-related risks, as well as climate change-related opportunities, into the Company’s strategic and operational planning processes.




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In 2021, AngloGold Ashanti committed to the International Council on Mining & Metals (“ICMM”) target of achieving net zero Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions by 2050. AngloGold Ashanti has also committed to achieving a 30 percent reduction in absolute Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030 (as compared to a 2021 baseline), and, in partnership with value chain partners, to set Scope 3 GHG reduction targets, if not by the end of 2023, as soon as possible thereafter.

In December 2015, certain members of the international community negotiated a treaty at the Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris (the “Paris Agreement”). The Paris Agreement, which came into force on 4 November 2016, requires developed countries to set targets for emissions reductions. As a result, measures designed to limit or reduce GHG emissions, both mandatory and voluntary, have been, and are expected to be, implemented at national or regional levels in various countries.
New regulatory requirements, or changes required to effectively transition to a low-carbon economy, could require AngloGold Ashanti to reduce its direct GHG emissions or energy use, change its fuel mix or incur significant costs for GHG emissions permits or taxes, including for those costs or taxes passed on by electricity utilities which supply the Company’s operations. AngloGold Ashanti could also incur significant costs associated with capital equipment, GHG monitoring and reporting and other obligations to comply with applicable requirements. The most likely source of these obligations is through nation state-level implementation of new emissions or financial obligations pursuant to evolving climate change regulatory regimes.

For example, in 2010, Brazil launched the National Climate Change Policy, which established a voluntary national GHG reduction target of 36.1 percent to 38.9 percent below the projected emissions in 2020 for “business as usual”. The policy required the development of sector-specific plans in order to meet the target and provided for a Brazilian GHG trading scheme, which is yet to be designed. While Brazil is not yet requiring mandatory GHG emissions reporting at the national level, some state environmental agencies have requested companies to voluntarily submit GHG emissions management plans. However, the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais (in which AngloGold Ashanti operates) do not currently require GHG emissions management plans for mining projects. In 2015, Brazil announced, in connection with its commitments under the Paris Agreement, economy-wide absolute mitigation targets providing for a 37 percent reduction in GHG emissions by 2025, as compared to 2005, and a goal to reduce GHG emissions by 43 percent by 2030 compared to 2005 levels.

In addition, in Australia, the Safeguard Mechanism (Rule 2015), through the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (“NGER”) scheme, provides a framework for Australia’s largest emitters to measure, report and manage their emissions. The Safeguard Mechanism applies to facilities with Scope 1 covered GHG emissions of more than 100,000 tonnes of CO2e per fiscal year. During the 2018/19 fiscal year, Tropicana’s emissions were within its authorised threshold and Sunrise Dam was required to purchase offsets for emissions that were 0.8 percent above its safeguard threshold, the cost of which was immaterial. Two amendments to the Safeguard Mechanism (Rule 2015) enacted in March 2019 and May 2020 allowed for the application of transitional calculated baselines using estimated CO2-e emissions intensities. Based on the production and emissions forecasts, the Australian mining operations applied to use transitional calculated baselines in 2020 for Sunrise Dam and Tropicana, which were approved by the Clean Energy Regulator effective 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2022 for both operations. Thereafter, the Australian mining operations will be required to apply production-adjusted baselines and, if actual emissions exceed the baseline, to purchase emissions offsets for the business. In any event, the cost of such offsets, if ultimately required to be purchased, including due to a change in the operations under the business plan prior to June 2022, are not expected to be material to the Company’s business.

In addition to more stringent requirements and commitments, AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are subject to a number of physical risks from climate change, such as changes in rainfall rates or patterns resulting in floods or droughts, reduced water availability, higher temperatures and extreme weather events. Such events or conditions, particularly including flooding or inadequate water supplies, could disrupt mining and transport operations, mineral processing and rehabilitation efforts, create resource or energy shortages or damage the Company’s property or equipment and increase health and safety risks on site. In consultation with external consultants, physical climate risk assessments were undertaken for all operations using current climate models for the business and various decarbonisation scenarios and climate adaptation plans were outlined. These physical climate risks will be further reviewed and refined in 2023.

Occupational Safety and Health

AngloGold Ashanti is subject to a variety of laws and regulations in each of the jurisdictions where the Company operates that are designed to protect and improve the safety and health of employees. In some of the jurisdictions in which AngloGold Ashanti operates, the government enforces compulsory shutdowns of operations to enable investigations into the cause of accidents and introduce corrective measures at those operations.

Safety remains a priority for AngloGold Ashanti and a focus of AngloGold Ashanti’s long-term sustainability approach, as well as the Company’s continuing efforts to manage the risks inherent to its operations, to model critical controls and to strengthen safety protocols and preventative measures. AngloGold Ashanti has made significant strides in improving safety. In 2022, there was a 41 percent reduction in year-on-year total recordable injury frequency rate, and no fatalities at any of the mines operated by AngloGold Ashanti.

AngloGold Ashanti’s Group Safety Strategy, which is updated every three years, seeks to integrate operational risk management and key performance indicators at all levels of the organisation and maintain alignment with global safety standards. The SES



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Committee oversees the implementation of the Group Safety Strategy. All operations, have been certified to ISO 45001:2018, which has replaced the OHSAS 18001:2007 series.

Community Health and Tropical Diseases

AngloGold Ashanti is also subject to health and safety regulations relating to occupational disease. The primary areas of focus in respect of occupational health of employees within the Company’s operations are noise-induced hearing loss (“NIHL”) and occupational lung diseases (“OLD”). OLD includes occupational tuberculosis and silicosis in individuals exposed to silica dust. Silicosis has been particularly prevalent in South Africa and has also arisen at the Company’s Africa region and Brazilian operations, albeit to a far lesser extent. AngloGold Ashanti provides occupational health services to its employees at its occupational health centres, clinics, and through outsourced service centres. The Company continues to expand preventative occupational hygiene initiatives, such as implementing various control measures to prevent hazardous exposures, and providing employees with Personal Protective Equipment.

In 2019, the Johannesburg High Court approved the settlement of existing silicosis and tuberculosis class actions against AngloGold Ashanti and other gold mining companies in South Africa. The recent sale of the Company’s South African operating assets and liabilities did not include the silicosis or tuberculosis settlement obligations relating to South African employees, which were retained by AngloGold Ashanti. For further information, see “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1.2—Statement of Compliance—Significant Accounting Judgements and Estimates—Provision for silicosis”.

In addition to OLD, HIV and AIDS and associated diseases remain major health care challenges faced by AngloGold Ashanti’s Africa region operations. AngloGold Ashanti continues to implement programmes to help those infected with HIV and prevent new infections from spreading.

Malaria and other tropical diseases also pose health risks at all of the Company’s operations in Central, West and East Africa where such diseases may assume epidemic proportions because of ineffective national control programmes. Malaria is a major cause of death in young children and pregnant women and also gives rise to deaths and absenteeism in adults. All affected Company operations in Africa have malaria control programmes in place. The Ghana Obuasi malaria control programme activities have been completed in 16 districts of Ghana as planned for 2022 and a new cycle of indoor residual spraying will commence in 2023; in partnership with the Global Fund and the Ghana Department of Health.

In 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic subsided significantly with decreases in reporting of severe disease or deaths. Nevertheless, AngloGold Ashanti continued to direct resources for close surveillance and maintenance of controls within the company with a view to ensure continuity of its operations and avoid any potential disruption in the event of a re-emergence of the pandemic. Universal access to safe and effective vaccines provided an additional layer of protection, especially against severe forms of disease, hospitalisation and death. The company endeavoured to continue to provide prompt access to approved and available vaccines for all workers, especially employees considered to be at high risk as well as employees with critical skills.

The emergence of COVID-19 however also assisted to better integrate broad health risk management beyond occupational health into the overall business strategy, to contribute to productivity as well as the social licence to operate and to improve various prevention and risk management protocols in place to address the potential risk of an epidemic or pandemic, particularly after the company’s experience with Ebola in Guinea in 2014 and 2015.

The company focused on optimising mental wellbeing, minimising non-communicable diseases associated with lifestyle as well as the need for systematic contribution to health system strengthening, local skill development and overall community development in the jurisdictions in which it operates. Such risks impair the health of workers and negatively affect productivity and profitability as a result of workers’ diminished focus or skill, absenteeism, treatment costs and allocated resources. As part of AngloGold Ashanti’s continuing efforts, the company recently approved the newly updated health, hygiene and wellbeing standards based on identified major health hazards or risks which include gender, cultural and other applicable diversity considerations for risk management and controls.

Diversity and Inclusion (“D&I”)

With more than 30,000 employees (including contractor employees) on four continents, AngloGold Ashanti believes that having a diverse and inclusive workforce is important to continuing to attract talent in order to maintain competitiveness and the long-term sustainability of its business. In addition, the Company strives to have a workforce that represents the societies in which AngloGold Ashanti operates in connection with maintaining its social licence to operate.

AngloGold Ashanti’s D&I approach is aligned to the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (“UNSDGs”) (SDG 5, 8 and 10) and the United Nations Global Compact (“UNGC”). The Company has developed a Diversity & Inclusion Framework, which aims to foster the empowerment of all staff, irrespective of race, gender, ethnicity, religion and sexual orientation and has established specific priorities and actions for the next two to five years to foster the inclusion of D&I objectives in its processes. Leadership teams are responsible for meeting defined diversity targets. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti conducted an analysis of global gender data across job level, function and country. The analysis was carried out to inform AngloGold Ashanti’s D&I strategy.




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Human Rights and Indigenous Peoples

In its commitment to respecting and promoting human rights, AngloGold Ashanti supports the United Nations Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights (“UNGP”) and other international initiatives, including the UNGC and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights (“VPSHR”). The VPSHR, which seeks to balance safety and security needs against respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, were developed through multi-stakeholder participation between governments, extractive industry members and NGOs. Community and security related matters, including with respect to illegal and artisanal and small-scale mining and related intrusions into the Company’s operational areas, are addressed at board of directors-level by the SES Committee. AngloGold Ashanti’s internal Human Rights Framework includes numerous policies, management standards and guidance documents which apply to all of its employees, contractors and suppliers and require reporting of, and redress for, human rights violations and related allegations.

The Company is aligned with the ICMM Position Statement on Indigenous Peoples and the International Finance Corporation’s Performance Standard 7 on Indigenous Peoples and other international standards and treaties in the area of Indigenous Peoples’ rights.







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ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI GLOBAL FOOTPRINT: 2022
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Operations and projects


Notes
(1) Gramalote is managed by B2Gold Corp ("B2Gold").
(2) AngloGold Ashanti acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold Inc. ("Corvus Gold") acquisition in January 2022.
(3) AngloGold Ashanti acquired Sterling through the Coeur Sterling, Inc. ("Coeur Sterling") acquisition in November 2022.
(4) Kibali is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick").





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OPERATING PERFORMANCE

Group description

AngloGold Ashanti is an independent global gold mining company with a diverse high-quality portfolio of operations, projects and exploration activities and is headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa.

In 2022, our portfolio of ten operations in seven countries includes long-life operating assets with differing ore body types located in key gold-producing regions around the world. These operating assets were supported by greenfields projects in Colombia and a focused global exploration programme, including exploration in the United States.

Our operations and projects are grouped into the following regions: Africa, Americas and Australia.

On 12 February 2020, the Company announced that it had reached an agreement with Harmony to sell all its remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities. The sale closed on 30 September 2020. On 10 November 2020, the Company announced that it had completed the sale of its interest in the Morila mine in Mali and on 30 December 2020, the Company announced that it had completed the sale of its interest in the Sadiola Mine in Mali.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations and joint arrangements employed, on average, 32,594 people (including contractors) in 2022 (2021: 30,561).

Performance

In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti produced attributable 2.742 million ounces of gold (2021: 2.472 million ounces), as well as 3.2 million ounces of silver and 352 tonnes of sulphuric acid as by-products.

Production of 2.742 million ounces of gold was achieved in 2022 at a cost of sales of $3.4 billion for subsidiaries and $342 million for equity-accounted joint venture operations, and an all-in sustaining cost of $1,439 per ounce for subsidiaries and $979 per ounce for equity-accounted joint venture operations, compared to a production of 2.472 million ounces in 2021 at a cost of sales of $2.9 billion for subsidiaries and $350 million for equity-accounted joint venture operations, and an all-in sustaining cost of $1,441 per ounce for subsidiaries and $856 per ounce for equity-accounted joint venture operations.

Gold
The AngloGold Ashanti gold Mineral Reserve increased from 28.1 million ounces as at 31 December 2021 to 28.8 million ounces as at 31 December 2022. This excludes Gramalote as the JV partner has decided not to publish the Mineral Reserve. This annual net increase of 0.7 million ounces includes additions due to exploration and modelling changes of 2.9 million ounces and changes in economic assumptions of 1.0 million ounces. This increase was partially offset by depletion of 2.9 million ounces and reductions due to other factors of 0.3 million ounces. The Mineral Reserve was estimated using a gold price of $1,400 per ounce, unless otherwise stated (2021: $1,200 per ounce). See “Item 4D Property, Plants and Equipment—Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve”.

Copper
The AngloGold Ashanti copper Mineral Reserveremained unchanged at 1.47Mt (3,250Mlb) as at 31 December 2022 as a feasibility study optimisation is still ongoing and no additional exploration has been completed at Quebradona. The Mineral Reserve was estimated at a copper price of $2.90/lb, unless otherwise stated (2021: $2.90/lb). See “Item 4D Property, Plants and Equipment—Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve”.

Capital expenditure, including equity-accounted joint ventures, in 2022 amounted to $1,118 million (2021: $1,100 million).

Safety

No fatal occupational safety incidents at any of the mines operated by the Company were recorded for 2022. The TRIFR was 1.26 per million hours worked in 2022 compared to 2.14 per million hours worked in 2021.

Full Asset Potential Review Programme

The Full Asset Potential (“FP”) programme aims to achieve a step-change in AngloGold Ashanti’s operating and cost performance by the year 2024. This programme includes a comprehensive three-month assessment of each of the Company’s mine sites, which covers every aspect of an operation. The outcome is intended to enhance the Company’s understanding of the relative potential of each asset and includes developing a plan and implementation schedule to achieve the targeted performance over the next six to 24 months. These assessments have now been completed at six operations of the Company (Sunrise Dam, Siguiri, Cuiabá, Tropicana, Serra Grande and Geita), where the relevant site leadership teams have taken full accountability for the delivery on these initiatives.






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Operational Excellence

Operational Excellence is the continued efforts to maximise value from our assets.

New Operating Model

Our new Operating Model, designed and introduced to employees towards the end of 2021, aims to improve efficiency and support better operating outcomes by focusing only on work required to deliver the strategy, clarifying the mandates of corporate functions, properly resourcing our revenue-generating assets to deliver on their plans, and removing duplicate structures and activities. The implementation of the new Operating Model was completed during 2022.



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AFRICA REGION
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Africa is currently home to five of our operations, with one – Kibali – managed by Barrick Gold Corporation. These operations, which contributed 60 percent or 1.6 million ounces to total annual group production in 2022, are in Ghana (Iduapriem and Obuasi), Guinea (Siguiri), Tanzania (Geita) and the DRC (Kibali).
Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Subsidiary operations
Ghana
Iduapriem248 2,186 
Obuasi250 4,403 
Guinea
Attr. Siguiri 85%279 4,052 
Tanzania
Geita521 6,435 
Joint venture operations
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Attr. Kibali 45%337 2,731 



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Africa Region - Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Restated
Subsidiary operations
Tonnes treated/milledMt21.6 21.2 20.5 
Pay limitoz/t0.044 0.035 0.034 
g/t1.516 1.193 1.160 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.054 0.045 0.052 
g/t1.86 1.54 1.77 
Gold production (a) (attributable)
000oz1,298 1,054 1,239 
Cost of sales$m1,662 1,300 1,362 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,023 991 841 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(1)
$/oz1,291 1,264 1,002 
Capital expenditure$m486 434 383 
Safety
Number of fatalities012
TRIFRPer million hours worked0.33 0.61 0.55 
People
Average no of employees: Total17,076 14,806 14,496 
Permanent employees5,780 5,619 5,433 
Contractors11,296 9,187 9,063 

(a) Includes Obuasi gold production in 2020, capitalised as part of the project development.

Unit202220212020
Joint venture operations
Tonnes treated/milledMt3.5 3.5 3.4 
Pay limitoz/t0.054 0.048 0.048 
g/t1.850 1.652 1.640 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.087 0.095 0.096 
g/t2.98 3.25 3.29 
Gold production (attributable)000oz337 365 364 
Cost of sales$m342 350 340 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz725 647 629 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(1)
$/oz979 856 810 
Capital expenditure$m90 72 52 
People
Average no of employees: Total2,731 2,454 2,333 
Permanent employees957 860 824 
Contractors1,774 1,594 1,509 

(1)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.




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Performance summary

Production for the Africa region was up 15 percent for the year ended 31 December 2022 at 1.635 million ounces compared to 1.419 million ounces for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Safety performance improved – there were no occupational fatalities at any of the mines operated by the Company and a TRIFR of 0.33 per million hours worked was recorded (2021: 0.61 per million hours worked).

Regional community investment totalled $10.19 million (2021: $10.5 million).

With Obuasi having received its ISO 45001 (health and safety) certification, all our Africa operations are now certified in terms of ISO 45001, ISO 14001 (environmental management) and the International Cyanide Management Code.

We continued integration of the new Operating Model, the existing Operational Excellence programme, and the Full Asset Potential (FP) review programme launched during 2021.

In the second half of 2022, Geita was part of the FP review programme designed to enhance understanding of the relative potential of each asset and includes developing a plan and implementation schedule to achieve the targeted performance over the next six to 24 months.

Siguiri was the first of the African operations to be involved in the FP review programme with the leadership team focusing on increasing the volume of high-grade oxide ore from Block 2. This increase was successful and is reflected in the year-on-year increase in production. We are starting to see the benefits of the FP review programme at Siguiri and a second contractor was hired to deliver higher volumes of higher-grade oxide ore from Block 2.

For more information regarding production performance in the Africa region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

For more information regarding operating performance in the Africa region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021”

For more information regarding capital expenditure in the Africa region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022, 2021 and 2020—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022 with 2021”

Obuasi update
Phase 3 of the Obuasi redevelopment project, which relates principally to capital expenditure to refurbish existing infrastructure around the KMS Shaft, as well as to service the mine in deeper production areas, continues to progress.

In 2022, the project achieved the following milestones: hoisting via the KMS rock shaft in November 2022; pumping to drop the water level below 50 level; commissioning of the material handling system from 44 level to surface; completing the new ventilation shaft pilot hole and progressing the KMS shaft down to 44 level.

The Obuasi mine continues on the ramp-up path to its full production run-rate in excess of 400,000 ounces.






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THE AMERICAS
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The Americas hosts three of our operations – one in Argentina and two in Brazil – as well as greenfields projects in Colombia and a significant new greenfields development in Nevada in the United States.
Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Operations
  1.     Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia (Attr. 92.5%)170 1,819 
  2.    Brazil
AGA Mineração311 5,702 
Serra Grande88 1,977 




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Americas - Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt7.1 7.8 7.5 
Pay limitoz/t0.10 0.10 0.07 
g/t3.52 3.49 2.46 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.070 0.066 0.081 
g/t2.40 2.27 2.77 
Gold production (attributable)000oz569 559 649 
Silver production (attributable)Moz3.2 3.4 3.3 
Cost of sales$m913 822 764 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,078 921 721 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,718 1,587 1,003 
Capital expenditure (2)
$m339 398 216 
Safety
Number of fatalities010
TRIFRPer million hours worked2.33 3.55 3.68 
People
Average no of employees: Total9,498 9,972 8,789 
Permanent employees6,093 6,452 6,158 
Contractors3,405 3,520 2,631 

(1)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.
(2)100 percent (not attributable) and includes Projects.

Performance summary

Production for the Americas region was up two percent for the year ended 31 December 2022 at 569,000 ounces compared to 559,000 ounces for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Safety – no occupational fatalities and the TRIFR improved to 2.33 per million hours worked (2021: 3.55 per million hours worked).

Community investment amounted to $6.4 million (2021: $5.8 million).

All operations in the Americas maintained their certification in terms of International Cyanide Management Code, ISO 45000 (health and safety) and ISO 14001 (environmental management).

During the second half of 2022, Cuiabá and Serra Grande completed assessments to identify performance improvement initiatives as part of the FP review programme. The FP programme initiatives implemented at Cuiabá have seen ore tonnes consistently above full potential target. At Serra Grande, the FP team identified several enhancement opportunities and it is following implementation plans with timelines for delivery.

In December 2022, the company suspended filtered tailings deposition on the Calcinados TSF and processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant (both of which service the Cuiabá mine complex). For further information, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” and “Item 3D: Risk Factors—Compliance with tailings management requirements and standards, and potential liabilities in the event of a failure to timely comply with these requirements or an incident involving a tailings storage facility, could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti's financial condition, results of operations and reputation”.

For more information regarding production performance in the Americas region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

For more information regarding operating performance in the Americas region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021”.

For more information regarding capital expenditure in the Americas region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022, 2021 and 2020—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022 with 2021”.

Nevada strategy




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In Nevada, during 2022, AngloGold Ashanti’s project team integrated the Corvus Gold assets and project data into the AngloGold Ashanti evaluation framework. The Company completed planning for feasibility study work at North Bullfrog and also commenced a pre-feasibility study at Silicon along with further drilling at the Merlin deposit. Following the acquisition of Coeur Sterling’s mining properties in the fourth quarter of 2022, AngloGold Ashanti’s project team commenced integrating these assets into the broader evaluation studies.













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AUSTRALIA
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Attributable gold production
(000oz)		Average number of  
employees  
Operations
Australia
1.   Sunrise Dam232 725 
2.   Tropicana 70%306 807 
The two AngloGold Ashanti operations in Australia are Sunrise Dam and Tropicana, both of which are in the north-eastern goldfields in the state of Western Australia. Sunrise Dam is wholly owned. We have a 70 percent holding in, and manage, Tropicana. Regis Resources Ltd, our partner in Tropicana, holds the balance. Sunrise Dam includes the Butcher Well project (70 percent).




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Australia - Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt10.7 10.5 10.2 
Pay limitoz/t0.05 0.06 0.06 
g/t1.69 1.89 1.95 
Recovered gradeoz/t0.050 0.047 0.054 
g/t1.56 1.47 1.68 
Gold production (attributable)000oz538 494 554 
Cost of sales$m783 740 705 
Total cash costs per ounce (1)
$/oz1,157 1,196 968 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(1)
$/oz1,345 1,500 1,225 
Capital expenditure$m202 185 142 
Safety
Number of fatalities000
TRIFRPer million hours worked3.82 6.59 3.74 
People
Average no of employees: Total1,532 1,332 1,230 
Permanent employees314 288 259 
Contractors 1,218 1,044 971 

(1)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.

Performance summary

Production for the Australia region was up nine percent for the year ended 31 December 2022 at 538,000 ounces compared to 494,000 ounces for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Safety performance improved – there were no occupational fatalities and a TRIFR of 3.82 per million hours worked was recorded (2021: 6.59 per million hours worked).

Regional community investment amounted to $0.99 million (2021: $1.01 million).

Sunrise Dam and Tropicana are certified under the Cyanide Code, ISO 45000 (health and safety) and ISO 14001 (environmental management).

The first site to complete an assessment as part of the FP review programme was Sunrise Dam, where the biggest opportunity is to increase productivity in development and achieve a step-change in underground production. The proposed improvements include an underground workshop to lift jumbo utilisation and improvements to planning and scheduling which, together are expected to support an increase in underground volumes. During the second half of 2022, Tropicana also completed an assessment to identify performance improvement initiatives as part of the FP review programme.

For more information regarding production performance in the Australia region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

For more information regarding operating performance in the Australia region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021”.

For more information regarding capital expenditure in the Australia region, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022, 2021 and 2020—Comparison of capital expenditure in 2022 with 2021”.





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SOUTH AFRICA

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The sale of the South African assets to Harmony closed on 30 September 2020. As a result, the figures in this section relate
to the nine months ended on 30 September 2020, unless the context indicates otherwise.

South Africa Key Statistics
Unit202220212020
Operation
Tonnes treated/milledMt0.4 
  Pay limit (1)
oz/t0.40 
g/t14.60 
  Recovered grade (1)
oz/t0.120 
g/t3.75 
Gold production000oz241 
Cost of sales$m287 
Total cash costs per ounce (2)
$/oz1,149 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce(2)
$/oz1,296 
Capital expenditure$m35 
Safety
Number of fatalities4
TRIFRPer million hours worked6.12 
People
Average no of employees: Total8,297 
Permanent employees7,012 
Contractors 1,285 
(1)Refers to underground operations only.
(2)“Total cash costs per ounce” and “all-in sustaining costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For further information on these non-GAAP measures, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Non-GAAP analysis”.



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EXPLORATION REVIEW

Our greenfields exploration programmes are designed to discover new Mineral Resource that will ultimately lead to the development of new, stand-alone gold mines and support the sustainability of our business.

In 2022, the Silicon and Merlin prospects in Nevada were handed over to our Beatty project team, following which the greenfields exploration team refocused its efforts on the discovery of the next significant project to add to the AngloGold Ashanti portfolio.

Greenfields exploration

In 2022, $29 million was spent on greenfields exploration. Our greenfields exploration tenements cover over 9,500km2 of highly prospective ground in six countries – Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Guinea, Tanzania, and the United States.

Americas

In the United States, following the handover of the Silicon discovery to the Beatty Project team in the first quarter of 2022, the greenfields exploration function shifted its focus to seven, 100 percent-owned, earlier-stage greenfields projects located elsewhere in the Great Basin of Nevada. Work completed at these various projects included prospect mapping, surface sampling and geophysical surveys. Diamond drilling is planned for the Midnight Star and CR projects during 2023.

In Brazil, 1,330 stream sediments, 1,200 soil samples and 1,060 rock chip samples were collected. From the SBB terrane in the state of Minas Gerais, four districts have been identified by stream sediment sampling. Infill sampling is in progress to define projects in these districts. At the WBC terrane, which is located in the state of Matto Grosso do Sul to the south-west of Minas Gerais, one project has been advanced and will be considered for drilling in 2023.

In Argentina, an option agreement was signed with Latin Metals for the Organullo project in Salta Province. Work completed since June 2022 included soil sampling, mapping, acquisition of various spectral data sets and community engagement. At the 100 percent-held El Cori project, four drilling targets were identified from surface exploration.

Africa

In Guinea, we received six reconnaissance permits for the Shira district in the Siguiri Basin of Guinea. Community engagement work has started and field exploration is scheduled for the first quarter of 2023.

In Tanzania, target generation activities continued.

Australia

In Australia, we carried out exploration work in the Laverton District and, in Queensland, greenfields exploration took place at the Chillagoe and Georgetown projects.

Brownfields exploration

In the Beatty District, brownfields exploration continued at North Bullfrog, and successfully defined and expanded the Silicon and Merlin targets. Elsewhere across our operations, exploration continued, on one hand to add confidence to the mine plans by upgrading the Mineral Resource and on the other to search for new Mineral Resource with a high likelihood for conversion to Mineral Reserve.

In 2022, our brownfields exploration teams across the globe completed 799km of capital and 358km of expensed drilling at a cost of $79 million and $67 million, respectively. The drilled metre achievement was ten percent below the 2022 budget of 1,281km with the gap closing each quarter after slow start ups at a few operations. Total expenditure of $146 million was 12 percent below budget.

Brownfields exploration activities resulting in the most notable economic intercepts, by operation, for 2022 are listed below by region.

Africa

•Geita: The key area drilled was Geita Hill which is split into six blocks. The drilling was conducted from both surface and underground and was designed to upgrade the underground project and to prepare for mining. Other significant intercepts were drilled at Star and Comet underground at Cut 3 and Ridge 8, extending the potential of the underground complex at Star and Comet. Drilling at the Nyamulilima open pit expanded and further defined the mineralisation.
•Obuasi: Drilling at Block 8, Block 10 and Sansu continued to define the limits of mineralisation and prepare these areas for mining. Late in the year drilling started at Cote D’Or examining the potential to open a second mining area.
•Siguiri: The key exploration activities were at Kounkoun (Block 3) where infill and definition drilling continue as part of the overall assessment of Block 3 as a future mining area. Drilling to extend and define the known mineralisation in Blocks 1 and 2 was conducted.
•Kibali: Two notable drilling intercepts, at Mengu Hill and Oere, were recorded during the year.



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Americas

•Cerro Vanguardia: Numerous veins were drilled and later in the year emphasis moved to the northwest of the property and onto the Condor ground.
•AGA Mineração, CdS: Drilling of underground opportunities at both CdS I and II delivered significant intercepts at Sangue De Boi, Mutuca, Rosalino, Pinta Bem and Pneu.
•AGA Mineração, Cuiabá: Drilling to extend the depth extents of Fonte Grande Sul below 21 level continued while at a shallower depth drilling to define the satellite ore bodies continued to deliver.
•Serra Grande: One significant intercept, at Angicão, was drilled during the year.
•Beatty: Definition and infill drilling continued at Silicon and Merlin in Nevada. Drilling at North Bullfrog started to deliver later in the year.

Australia

•Sunrise Dam: The key areas delivering significant intercepts were at Frankie and Vogue as part of programmes designed to define and extend mineralisation in these areas. As is typical of the Sunrise Dam mineralisation, most drilling programmes drilled significant intercepts which reflect the nuggety nature of the mineralisation.
•Tropicana: Successful drilling was aimed at the three underground projects, namely, Boston Shaker, Havana and Tropicana.

While many of the significant economic intersections are for unmined underground opportunities, Nevada is delivering significant intersections that will most likely be excavated through open pit mining.

PROJECTS

Quebradona

Following the decision of Colombia’s national environmental agency (ANLA) in November 2021 to archive the Company’s environmental licence application for the Quebradona project, AngloGold Ashanti filed an appeal seeking to secure further details on the specific additional information required for ANLA to make a decision on AngloGold Ashanti’s licence submission. On 29 April 2022, ANLA dismissed the appeal and confirmed its decision to archive the Company’s application. AngloGold Ashanti continues to review and analyse the additional information identified as part of ANLA’s decision. The objective is to prepare, submit and process a new environmental licence request for Quebradona following completion of a new environmental impact assessment.

Gramalote

Following completion of the feasibility study on the Gramalote gold project, a joint operation with B2Gold, both partners have determined that the Gramalote project does not meet their investment thresholds for development. The project continues to benefit from federal and local government support as well as continuing support from local communities.

AngloGold Ashanti and B2Gold have completed a comprehensive review of the alternatives and consider that it would be in the best interest of all stakeholders for a new party to own the Gramalote project. The partners appointed a corporate advisor in the fourth quarter of 2022 to assist with the sale process for the Gramalote project, which is currently ongoing.





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4C.    ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

GROUP STRUCTURE

AngloGold Ashanti’s operations are divided into the following regions:

•Africa — operations in Ghana, Guinea and Tanzania and a joint venture operation in the DRC;
•Australia — operations in Australia; and
•Americas — operations in Argentina and Brazil, and exploration projects in the United States and Colombia.

The above regions correspond to AngloGold Ashanti’s business segments. The South Africa region is recognised for financial statement purposes as discontinued operations as we sold our remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities in 2020. In addition, a new segment, Projects has been introduced from the implementation of the new Operating Model (previously reported under the America’s segment). The Projects segment comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities.

Day-to-day management of the Group is entrusted to AngloGold Ashanti’s executive management team, chaired by the Chief Executive Officer. See “Item 6: Directors, Senior Management and Employees”.

Support is provided to the executive management team in managing AngloGold Ashanti’s corporate activities at both the central and local levels.

SUBSIDIARIES

AngloGold Ashanti Limited has investments in principal subsidiaries and joint venture interests, see “Item 19: Exhibits to Form 20-F—Exhibit 19.8 List of AngloGold Ashanti Limited subsidiaries” for details.

On 16 March 2023, AngloGold Ashanti and Gold Fields announced that they have agreed the key terms of a proposed joint venture in Ghana between Gold Fields' Tarkwa and AngloGold Ashanti's neighbouring Iduapriem Mines (the “Proposed Joint Venture”). There can be no certainty that the parties will enter into a definitive agreement with respect to the Proposed Joint Venture or about the timing, terms and conditions of any such definitive agreement. Implementation of the Proposed Joint Venture is subject to, among other matters, reaching agreement with the Government of Ghana regarding the Proposed Joint Venture, conclusion of confirmatory due diligence and securing all requisite regulatory approvals. For further information, refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 35—Subsequent Events”.



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4D.    PROPERTY, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT

Locations of properties
au-20221231_g1.jpg
Notes:
(1) Gramalote is managed by B2Gold Corp ("B2Gold").
(2) AngloGold Ashanti acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold Inc.("Corvus Gold") acquisition in January 2022.
(3) AngloGold Ashanti acquired Sterling (which includes the Crown Block deposits of SNA, Secret Pass and Daisy) through the Coeur Sterling, Inc. ("Coeur Sterling") acquisition in November 2022.
(4) Kibali is operated by Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick").


The locations of AngloGold Ashanti’s properties are shown above. Percentages indicate the ownership interest held by AngloGold Ashanti. All operations are 100 percent wholly-owned unless otherwise indicated.

Overview of mining properties and operations
The overview for each mining property is disclosed below and includes information on the following items:
•Location of the properties;
•For each material property, locality maps showing the location of such properties as well as infrastructure and licences;
•Type and amount of ownership interests;
•Identity of the operator or operators;
•Titles, mineral rights, leases or options and acreage involved;
•Stages of the properties (exploration, development or production);
•Key permit conditions;
•Mine types and mineralisation styles; and
•Processing plants and other available facilities.



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Please refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022” for the aggregate annual production for each of the Company's mining properties during each of the fiscal years ended 31 December 2022, 2021 and 2020. For more information about AngloGold Ashanti’s mines, including a summary of the Company’s titles, mining rights, leases and licences with acreage, please refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine”.

In its annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021, AngloGold Ashanti complied for the first time with the new mining property disclosure requirements for mining registrants set forth in Subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR § 229.1300) (“Regulation S-K 1300”) and reported on, and filed Technical Report Summaries for, all of its mining properties. During 2022, AngloGold Ashanti developed a process to determine which properties are material to its business or financial condition for purposes of the individual property disclosure requirements of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR § 229.1304). The key considerations taken into account by AngloGold Ashanti in its materiality assessment include (i) certain quantitative factors such as contribution to the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve, actual and planned production and Net Present Value, as well as (ii) certain qualitative factors, which are assessed in the context of the Company’s overall business and financial condition. The materiality assessment covers all of the Company’s mining properties (regardless of the stage of the mining property) and all of its mining and related activities from exploration through extraction, and will be reviewed by the Company on an annual basis. Based on these considerations, AngloGold Ashanti has determined that its material properties for purposes of Regulation S-K 1300 are Geita, Kibali and Obuasi. With respect to Geita, an updated Technical Report Summary (effective date: 31 December 2022) has been prepared by the relevant Qualified Persons, and is filed as Exhibit 19.15.4 hereto. With respect to Kibali and Obuasi, AngloGold Ashanti has determined that (i) there are no material changes to the Mineral Reserve or Mineral Resource reported in the Technical Report Summaries for these properties (effective date: 31 December 2021) which were filed as exhibits to AngloGold Ashanti’s annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021, and (ii) all material assumptions and information pertaining to the disclosure of the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve for Kibali and Obuasi remain current in all material respects as of 31 December 2022, based on all facts and circumstances, both quantitative and qualitative. As a result, the Technical Report Summaries for Kibali and Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021), which were initially filed as exhibits to AngloGold Ashanti’s annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2021, are filed as Exhibits 19.15.7 and 19.15.5, respectively, hereto.

AngloGold Ashanti’s operating mines are all accessible by road, although for some, personnel access is better achieved by air.

AngloGold Ashanti’s exploration programmes are based on consistent standards and processes across its portfolio and are guided by peer review. Part of AngloGold Ashanti's investment strategy is focused on exploration drilling and Mineral Reserve development to grow the Mineral Resource and by converting these, the Company allows for expansion of the Mineral Reserve. The process involves identifying the best group of drill targets and prioritising those that have the highest potential for success to be advanced first. Greenfields exploration aims to discover large, high-value Mineral Resource, which will eventually lead to the development of new gold mines. Brownfields exploration focuses on delivering value through accretive additions to the Mineral Reserve at existing mines as well as new discoveries in defined areas around operations.

This annual report on Form 20-F is not being submitted in support of the disclosure of exploration results and therefore no disclosure of drilling or sample results is provided. AngloGold Ashanti has elected not to provide drilling results for its operating mines as drilling at its brownfields operations is generally intended to provide incremental additions, or conversions to already reported Mineral Resource and therefore they are not seen as material. While drilling at the Company’s brownfields operations increases confidence in its Mineral Resource as well as adds LOM extensions, the incremental additions that occur on a yearly basis are not material to that operation or the Company as a whole. In cases where the drilling projects are supporting a non-sustaining addition, these projects are commented on. In the Company’s major greenfields projects, if any single drill result is considered material and may change the reported Mineral Resource significantly then it is reported. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Exploration review”.





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AFRICA
AngloGold Ashanti has five mining operations within the Africa region:
•Kibali Gold Mine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ("DRC"), a joint venture (“JV”) between AngloGold Ashanti (45%), Barrick Gold Corporation (“Barrick”) (following its merger with Randgold Resources Limited (“Randgold”)) (45%), and Société Minière de Kilo-Moto S.A. (“SOKIMO”), a state-owned gold mining company (10%);
•Iduapriem Gold Mine ("Iduapriem") and Obuasi Gold Mine ("Obuasi") in Ghana;
•Siguiri Gold Mine (“Siguiri”) in Guinea, co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (85%) and the government of Guinea (15%); and
•Geita Gold Mine ("GGM" or "Geita") in Tanzania.

Mining is from both open pit and underground, with Obuasi being an underground mine, Iduapriem and Siguiri being open pit mines, and Kibali and Geita being a combination of open pit and underground mines.

DRC

KIBALI
For additional information, please refer to the Technical Report Summary for Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto.

Property description
Kibali is a joint venture co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (45%), Barrick (45%), and SOKIMO (10%). SOKIMO is wholly-owned by the DRC government. The consolidated lease is made up of ten exploitation permits. The metallurgical plant comprises a twin-circuit sulphide and oxide plant with conventional carbon-in-leach ("CIL"), including gravity recovery as well as a float and ultra-fine grind circuit. Barrick operates the mine, which comprises both open pit and underground operations.

Kibali is a gold mining, processing and exploration project. Operations currently focus on open pit and underground mining. The mine was originally developed and operated by Randgold. Following the completion of the merger of Randgold and Barrick in 2019, Barrick became the operator at Kibali for both exploration and mining. Kibali is currently a production stage property.

Location
Kibali is located in the northeastern part of the DRC near the international borders with Uganda and South Sudan. The mine is located adjacent to the village of Doko, which is located to the west of the lease area. Kibali is approximately 210km by road from Arua and immediately north of the district capital of Watsa. The operational area falls within the administrative territory of Watsa in Haut-Uélé province.

Mineralisation style
Gold deposits of the Kibali district are classified as Archaean orogenic gold deposits. At Kibali, the gold deposits are largely hosted in siliciclastic rocks, banded iron formations (“BIFs”) and chert that were deformed, altered and transposed during several events. This occurred at or near greenschist metamorphic conditions. Ore-forming H2O-CO2-rich fluids migrated along a linked network of gently northeast-dipping shears and north-northeast plunging fold axes that are commonly referred to as the KZ Trend. The auriferous KZ Trend is a complexly deformed fault system specifically developed along the boundary between the younger sedimentary basin in the west of the belt that juxtaposes the older rocks to the east. Mineralisation occurred during the later stages of subsequent regional deformation which resulted in inversion of the basin and the development of reverse faults and folds. Ongoing deformation during hydrothermal activity resulted in the development of lodes in a variety of related structural settings within the KZ Trend.

History
On 15 October 2009, AngloGold Ashanti acquired a 50 percent indirect interest in Moto Goldmines Limited through a JV with Randgold, with Moto holding a 70 percent stake in Kibali and the DRC parastatal SOKIMO holding the remaining 30 percent stake. On 21 December 2009, Randgold and AngloGold Ashanti increased their JV interest in Kibali to 90 percent, while SOKIMO retained a 10 percent holding. On 2 January 2019, Randgold merged with Barrick, and the JV is now held by the combined company, trading as Barrick.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.




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Mining method
The operation comprises both open pit and underground mining. Open pit mining is carried out using conventional drill, blast, load and haul surface mining methods. From 2022 onwards, open pit production will come from the Sessenge, Aerodrome, Pamao, Gorumbwa, Megi-Marakeke-Sayi, Kalimva-Ikamva, Oere, Pakaka, and Karagba, Chauffeur and Durba (“KCD”) deposits. Open pit mining is conducted by contractor Kibali Mining Services, a local subsidiary of DTP Terrassement, using either free-dig or conventional drill, blast, load and haul methods.

For the underground operation, longitudinal and transverse longitudinal stoping methods with paste backfill are the nominated mining methods. The Kibali KCD underground mine is designed to extract the KCD deposit directly beneath the KCD open pit. A 50m crown pillar separates the pit bottom from the top of the underground mine. The first gold was poured in September 2013 from the open pit operations and development of the underground mine commenced in the same year. Stoping commenced in 2015 and ore production has ramped up to 3.8Mt in 2022. Initial production was truck hauled by a twin decline to surface. In 2017, the haulage shaft (740m deep) and materials handling system was commissioned. From 2018 onwards, underground ore has predominantly been hoisted up the shaft. The decline to surface will continue to be used to haul some of the shallower zones and to supplement shaft haulage.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Infrastructure in the DRC is generally poor as a result of limited investment in maintenance, upgrades and extensions of the road networks established during colonial times. The mine site is located within 160km of the border with Uganda and all transport links take place through Uganda to Kenya or Tanzania. Access by air to Kibali involves a commercial flight to Entebbe in Uganda followed by a charter flight to Doko airport, situated on the mine property. The Doko airstrip was upgraded by Kibali and is equipped with runway lights and precision approach path indicator lights. For the number of persons employed at the mine, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Operating Performance—Africa Region”.

Kibali is a large-scale gold mining operation, with a number of sources of ore, that has been in operation since 2013. The physical condition of the equipment, facilities, and infrastructure at Kibali is in good working order, with the mine investing heavily in maintaining and upgrading its assets to ensure that they remain reliable and efficient. Surface infrastructure associated with the overall Kibali operation includes a processing plant, tailings storage facility ("TSF"), camp, airstrip, underground shaft, workshops and offices. Power to the mine is self-generated by a combination of hydroelectric and diesel generators. The underground mine has also been extensively developed, with the construction of both shaft and portal and strategically placed development drives that access and further explore the gold-bearing ore.

The “Property, Plant, and Equipment” as of 31 December 2022, including lease assets, buildings and mine infrastructure, mining assets, mineral rights and dumps, decommissioning assets, capitalised exploration costs and deferred stripping, had a carrying value of $983 million (reported as attributable; 45% owned by AngloGold Ashanti).

Mineral processing
The current processing plant can treat both oxide and fresh sulphide material and uses flotation with ultra-fine grind of the flotation concentrate, a treatment that is required for the sulphide ore type before leaching. Kibali has a processing operation capable of producing an average of 730kozpa of gold for 10 years treating at least 7.2Mtpa throughput. The ore is blended using both KCD underground ore plus ore sourced from satellite open pits at Kibali.

Mineral Resource
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for Kibali at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,700/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters (Open Pit and Underground)” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ResourceCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
Kibali (45 percent)Measured7.22 3.18 22.97 0.74 
Indicated22.15 2.64 58.44 1.88 
Measured & Indicated29.37 2.77 81.41 2.62 
Inferred13.16 2.61 34.43 1.11 
Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. The Mineral Resource estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Resource at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To



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reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
1.All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.
2.Mineral Resource attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
3.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
4.Operated by Barrick. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick. Based on a gold price of $1,700/oz.
5.Property currently in a production stage.
6.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters (Open Pit and Underground)” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.


Year on year changes in Mineral Resource - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Kibali
CategoryMeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated totalInferred
Previous Year0.78 1.76 2.54 0.89 
Depletion(0.01)— (0.01)— 
Exploration0.01 — 0.01 0.10 
Methodology— — — — 
Price0.03 0.16 0.19 0.13 
Cost(0.01)(0.02)(0.03)(0.02)
Geotechnical(0.07)(0.02)(0.09)— 
Metallurgical— 0.01 0.01 0.01 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — — 
Other— — — — 
Current Year0.74 1.88 2.62 1.11 
Net Difference(0.04)0.12 0.08 0.22 
% Difference(5)7 3 24 
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.

Changes were driven both by exploration and an increase in the Mineral Resource gold price from $1,500/oz as at 31 December 2021 to $1,700/oz as at 31 December 2022, with gains seen from the open pits, specifically Ikamva, Oere and Gorumbwa, as well as from continued definition of the 11000 lode in the KCD underground. A maiden underground Inferred Mineral Resource at Gorumbwa was also reported.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource

Key Parameters (Open Pit and Underground)
KibaliUnitOpen Pit
Costs
Waste cost$/tonne mined
2.92-3.09(1)
Extra Ore Cost – Grade Control + Ore – Rehandle + Overhaul$/tonne mined1.27 
Grade Control cost$/tonne mined0.75 
Dilution%10
Ore Loss%3
Processing cost$/tonne milled
15.04-17.85(1)
G&A$/tonne milled8.47 
Other Parameters
Gold Royalties (4.7%)$/oz70.50 
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF
86.1-90.1(1)
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t
0.6-0.7(1)



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KibaliUnitOpen Pit
Mineral Resource price$/oz
1,700 (2)
Notes:
AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.
(1) Vary according to rock type.
(2) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Resource reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary
          for Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,500, the gold price
          used to estimate the Mineral Resource in 2021).

KibaliUnitUnderground
Costs
Mine Production$/tonne ore mined36.17 
Capital$/tonne ore mined3.97
G&A$/tonne ore milled8.47
Processing cost$/tonne ore milled17.85
Other Parameters
Gold Royalties (4.7%)$/oz70.50
Mining cut-off gradeg/t1.62
Mineral Resource price$/oz
1,700 (1)
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF90 
Notes:
AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.
(1) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Resource reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary for
        Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,500, the gold price used
        to estimate the Mineral Resource in 2021).


Estimation
Mineral Resource estimation is undertaken by Barrick in-house technical experts or by approved external consultants. The results of both diamond drilling ("DD") and reverse circulation ("RC") drilling are used in the estimation process. 3D mineralised envelopes are established using grade and geology, and these are then statistically verified to confirm their validity for use in grade estimation. Appropriate domaining of homogeneous zones is conducted whereby high-grade central core areas are modelled separately from the lower-grade surrounding halos. Volumes are filled with block model cells and interpolated for density, rock type and grade – the latter using ordinary kriging.

Grade top cuts and restricted searches are applied to drill hole data to prevent the spread of high-grades during the estimation process. Drill hole spacing is used to guide the Mineral Resource classification. The open pit Mineral Resource is quoted within a limiting shell. The underground Mineral Resource is constrained by the application of optimised mineable Mineral Resource shapes, which applies reasonable mineability constraints including a minimum mining width, a reasonable distance from current or planned development, and a measure of assumed profitability at the related Mineral Resource cut-off grade.

Mineral Reserve
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Reserve for Kibali at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,300/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ReserveCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
Kibali (45 percent)Proven14.49 3.47 50.33 1.62 
Probable29.17 3.15 91.86 2.95 
Total43.67 3.26 142.19 4.57 
Notes:
1.Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. The Mineral Reserve estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Reserve at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
2.Mineral Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
3.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.



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4.Operated by Barrick. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick. Open Pits and underground were based on a gold price of $1,300/oz, with the exception of the Pamoa Main pit (based on a gold price of $1,400/oz) and the Pamoa South pit (based on a gold price of $1,500/oz).
5.Property currently in a production stage.
6.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Year on year changes in Mineral Reserve - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Kibali
CategoryProvenProbableTotal
Previous Year1.74 2.59 4.33 
Depletion(0.28)(0.12)(0.40)
Exploration0.11 0.42 0.53 
Methodology— — — 
Price0.03 0.12 0.15 
Cost(0.01)(0.03)(0.04)
Geotechnical— — — 
Metallurgical— — — 
Operational0.03 — 0.03 
Other— (0.03)(0.03)
Acquisition / Disposal— — — 
Current Year1.62 2.95 4.57 
Net Difference(0.12)0.36 0.24 
% Difference(7)14 6 
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick.

The increase in Mineral Reserve was primarily as a result of the conversion of the 11000 lode in the KCD underground, and growth in the Ikamva and Oere pits due to exploration successes. The gold price used for pit optimisation changed from $1,200/oz as at 31 December 2021 to $1,300/oz as at 31 December 2022 which also contributed to the increase seen.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve

Modifying factors and price estimates
as at 31 December 2022Kibali
Primary Commodity Price$/oz
1,300(1)(6)
Cut-off gradeg/t
1.50(3)(5); 1.96(4)
Stoping widthcm
2990(4)
Dilution%
2.0-12.5(4); 10(5)
Mining Recovery FactorMRF based on tonnes (%)
91.6(4); 97(5)
Mine Call FactorMCF (%)97
Metallurgical Recovery FactorMetRF (%)
89-90(2)
Notes:
AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have, relied on information provided by Barrick.
(1) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Reserve reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary for
           Kibali (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.7 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,200, the gold price
           used to estimate the Mineral Reserve in 2021).
(2) Vary according to rock type. (3) Stockpile.
(4) Underground.
(5) Open pit.
(6) Open Pits and underground were based on a gold price of $1,300/oz, with the exception of the Pamoa Main pit (based on a gold price
           of $1,400/oz) and the Pamoa South pit (based on a gold price of $1,500/oz).
Estimation
The open pit Mineral Reserve shell optimisations were run on the Mineral Resource models. The process incorporated the mining layout, operating factors, stripping ratio, relevant cut-off grades and modifying factors for



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reporting the Mineral Reserve. An open pit underground interface was set at 5,685 metres relative level (“mRL") between the KCD open pit and underground mine.

A cut-off grade analysis of $1,300/oz was used to determine a cut-off grade of 1.96g/t for the underground mine. Longitudinal and transverse longhole open stoping methods with paste backfill are the current preferred mining methods. Underground stope designs were updated from the previously reported Mineral Reserve using the latest Mineral Resource models. Modifying factors for planned and unplanned rock dilution, backfill dilution and ore loss were applied to obtain the reported Mineral Reserve.

Metallurgical, environmental, social, legal, marketing and economic factors were adequately considered in the Kibali feasibility study and have been updated as the project has developed.

Map showing Kibali planned infrastructure and licences
Below is a map that shows Kibali infrastructure and licences, with the total mining lease area insert shown in the top right corner. The coordinates of the mine, as represented by the plant, are depicted on the map and are in the geographic coordinate system.




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au-20221231_g6.jpg

GHANA
AngloGold Ashanti has two mines in Ghana. Obuasi and Iduapriem are both wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti.

Obuasi is an underground mine operating at depths of up to 1,500m with a continuous history of mining dating back to the 1890s. Iduapriem is an open pit mine.




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Obuasi is located in the Ashanti region of southern Ghana, approximately 60km south of Kumasi. Mining was temporarily suspended at the end of 2014 while a series of economic studies progressed. Obuasi underground development restarted in the first half of 2019, with the first gold produced in December 2019. The ramp-up of the redevelopment project was delayed by the temporary stoppage of underground activities after a fall of ground incident in May 2021. Production remained suspended for several months to allow for reviews and investigations, but slowly resumed in the latter part of 2021.

Iduapriem is located in western Ghana, some 85km from the coast and south of Obuasi, near the town of Tarkwa.

OBUASI
For additional information, refer to the Technical Report Summary for Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.5 hereto.

Property description
Obuasi is wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti and is a production stage property. All required mineral rights to the property are held by the Company. The mine is an underground operation, and it has been in operation since 1897 (more than 120 years). It has been operated by AngloGold Ashanti since 2004.

Location
The mine is in the municipality of Obuasi, in the Ashanti region of Ghana, about 240km northwest of the capital, Accra, and 60km south of Kumasi.

Mineralisation style
Geologically, Obuasi is in the Ashanti belt on the eastern margin of the Pre-Cambrian West African craton. This craton consists of Lower Proterozoic volcanic and flysch sediments which make up the Birimian system, overlain in part by the molasse sediments of the Middle Proterozoic Tarkwaian. The Ashanti belt is the most prominent of the five Birimian Supergroup gold belts found in Ghana.

Gold mineralisation is associated with shear zones and pervasive silica, carbonate and sulphide hydrothermal alteration which occur in tightly folded Lower Birimian schists, phyllites, meta-greywackes, and tuffs, along the eastern limb of the Kumasi anticlinorium. They are found near the contact with harder metamorphosed and metasomatically altered intermediate to basic upper Birimian volcanics. There are two broad styles of gold mineralisation including free milling quartz vein gold and sulphide-rich, disseminated and refractory gold which form alteration haloes around the quartz vein lodes. Sulphide mineralisation is dominated by arsenopyrite and quartz mineralisation, which is associated with spatially variable, but exceptionally high-grade visible gold in quartz veins.

History
Obuasi has a long mining history dating back to 1897. It has been owned and operated by various operators during this time. The current operator became involved in 2004 following the merger of former AngloGold Limited of South Africa and the Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited of Ghana. However, for several years leading up to 2014, the mine began to struggle due to ailing infrastructure and outdated methodologies. The company realised that significant rationalisation and/or replacement of current infrastructure would be necessary to enable the delivery of better utilisation and productivity metrics.

In 2014, a feasibility study commenced that considered the optimum mining methodology and schedules for the underground mine, based on modern mechanised mining methods and refurbishment of underground, surface and process plant infrastructure. During this time, Obuasi operated in a limited operating phase with underground activities essentially restricted to the continued development of the Obuasi deeps decline and underground infill drilling. The limited operating phase was brought to a halt after an incursion by illegal miners on Obuasi's concession in February 2016, at which point the mine was placed under care and maintenance. However, the study continued and in 2017, a favourable feasibility study was completed and indicated a strong technical and economic case with an anticipated 20-year life of mine ("LOM"). In 2018, approval was received from the AngloGold Ashanti board and the government of Ghana to proceed with the project.

The redevelopment project began in late 2018 and first gold was poured during the fourth quarter of 2019. Phase 1 of the redevelopment project was completed by the end of September 2020, and the mine began commercial production on 1 October 2020. Phase 2 of the redevelopment project, which focused on construction and mine development, was completed in 2021. Phase 3 of the redevelopment project is currently underway to develop the infrastructure necessary to support the planned ramp-up in production.




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Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Ghana—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Mining method
Obuasi is an underground operation, utilising both vertical shafts and declines as main access routes to the underground workings. The mine has seen extensive historical mining activities with varying applications of different mining methods to date. The current LOM design employs mostly the Long Hole Open Stoping ("LHOS") mining method for ore extraction. LHOS is a highly selective and productive method of mining that can be employed for orebodies of varying thicknesses and dips. The main distinct variations of the LHOS used at Obuasi are longitudinal retreat stoping (“LRS”), and transverse open stoping (“TOS”). The blind upper stoping is a form of LRS or TOS used for partial sill pillar recovery.

Processing plants and other available facilities
All significant surface activities, including ore processing, environmental management and community engagement are carried out by Obuasi staff. Existing infrastructure includes a recently refurbished and upgraded 2.2Mtpa processing plant with flotation and bacterial oxidation ("BIOX"), extensive underground development, hoisting shafts and associated infrastructure, mine ventilation and refrigeration facilities, emergency standby power and water reticulation, office complexes, workshops, and company housing estates. Power is supplied to the mine by the Volta River Authority and Ghana Grid Company Limited (“GRIDCo”). There is a focus mine development plan supported by the existing infrastructure, and ongoing upgrades of critical underground infrastructure to sustain the operations. The mine can be accessed by paved road network from Kumasi and by road or chartered air transport from the capital, Accra. For the number of persons employed at the mine, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Operating Performance—Africa Region”.

The “Property, Plant, and Equipment” as of 31 December 2022, including buildings and mine infrastructure, mining assets, decommissioning assets and assets under construction, had a carrying value of $1,009 million.

Mineral processing
The plant is configured for both conventional and flash flotation and BIOX treatment which is required for the refractory sulphide ore. The gravity gold recovery system is also integrated with Knelson concentrators and inline leach reactors.

Mineral Resource
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for Obuasi at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,750/oz for underground and $1,600 for open pit Mineral Resource. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ResourceCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
ObuasiMeasured1.96 8.44 16.59 0.53 
Indicated27.66 6.06 167.59 5.39 
Measured & Indicated29.63 6.22 184.18 5.92 
Inferred39.80 8.50 338.17 10.87 
Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. The Mineral Resource estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Resource at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
1.All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Open pit based on a gold price of $1,600/oz, underground based on a gold price of $1,750/oz.







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Year on year changes in Mineral Resource - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
CategoryMeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated totalInferred
Previous Year0.66 5.84 6.50 12.05 
Depletion— — — — 
Exploration— — — (0.06)
Methodology0.02 0.28 0.30 (0.53)
Price0.02 0.58 0.60 1.11 
Cost(0.17)(0.97)(1.14)(1.31)
Geotechnical— — — — 
Metallurgical— — — — 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — — 
Other— (0.33)(0.33)(0.37)
Current Year0.53 5.39 5.92 10.87 
Net Difference(0.12)(0.45)(0.57)(1.17)
% Difference(19)(8)(9)(10)
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The decrease in Mineral Resource is mainly due to depletion attributed to mining from Sansu, and Blocks 8 and 10 and an increase in costs which resulted in higher cut-off grades as well as the sterilisation of stopes in the depletion process. The decrease was partially offset by model changes primarily from the inclusion of new drilling data from ongoing operational drilling activities and the increase in Mineral Resource price.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource

Key Parameters
ObuasiUnitUnderground
Costs
Mining cost$/tonne mined
64.26-79.44(1)
Processing cost$/tonne treated42.57
G&A$/tonne treated21.96
Other Parameters
Royalties%3.0
MSO(2) optimising cut-off
g/t
3.43-3.75(1)
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t
3.43-3.75(1)
Mineral Resource price$/oz
1,600-1,750(3)(4)
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF87
Notes:
(1) Vary according to area.
(2) Datamine Mineable Shape Optimiser ("MSO").
(3) Open pit based on a gold price of $1,600/oz, Underground based on a gold price of $1,750/oz.
(4) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Resource reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary
          for Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.5 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,500, the gold
          price used to estimate the Mineral Resource in 2021).

Estimation
The estimation technique is ordinary kriging and the primary estimation unit size is 20m x 5m x 15m. This estimation unit size is representative of the underground mining units and is considered appropriate given the style of mineralisation and mining methods. Compositing by length is employed and the influence of extreme grades is restricted by grade capping. Sample spacing is highly variable across the deposit and ranges from 10m x 10m (for grade control areas) up to 200m x 200m (for exploration targets). However, for the Mineral Resource, the maximum extrapolation from data points is 100m. Any areas beyond this are not classified and are considered to be upside potential rather than Mineral Resource.





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Mineral Reserve
Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph D(1) of Item 1304 ofRegulation S-K, which summarises the gold Mineral Reserve for Obuasi at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,400/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ReserveCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
ObuasiProven4.47 9.55 42.73 1.37 
Probable21.25 9.26 196.67 6.32 
Total25.72 9.31 239.40 7.70 
Notes:
1.Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. The Mineral Reserve estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Reserve at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Based on a gold price of $1,400/oz.

Year on year changes in Mineral Reserve - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
CategoryProvenProbableTotal
Previous Year1.19 7.08 8.26 
Depletion(0.23)— (0.23)
Exploration— (0.77)(0.77)
Methodology0.54 — 0.54 
Price0.11 1.49 1.60 
Cost(0.23)(1.48)(1.71)
Geotechnical— — — 
Metallurgical— — — 
Operational— — — 
Other— — — 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — 
Current Year1.37 6.32 7.70 
Net Difference0.19 (0.75)(0.57)
% Difference16 (11)(7)
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The key changes were primarily associated with depletion, exploration, block model changes, and economic parameters. Depletion was mainly due to mining, while exploration changes were as a result of Mineral Resource drilling. This was offset by changes in the block model methodology involving estimation parameters, interpretations, classification and density. The economic factors that also influenced the changes to the Obuasi Mineral Reserve included an increased gold price assumption which was partially offset by an increase in mining cost and sustaining capital.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve

Modifying factors and price estimates
as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
Primary Commodity Price$/oz
1400(1)
Cut-off gradeg/t
4.29-4.69(2)



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as at 31 December 2022Obuasi
Dilution%
12-17(2)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on tonnes
95-98(2)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on g/t100
Mine Call Factor%MCF100
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF87
Notes:
(1) AngloGold Ashanti has determined that there is no material change to the Mineral Reserve reported in the 2021 Technical Report Summary
          for Obuasi (effective date: 31 December 2021) filed as Exhibit 19.15.5 hereto if this updated gold price is used (instead of $1,200, the gold
          price used to estimate the Mineral Reserve in 2021).
(2) Vary according to area.

Estimation
The Mineral Reserve estimation considers mining criteria for the economic cut-off grade and minimum mining width for the anticipated mining method. All design and scheduling work is undertaken to an applicable level of detail by mine planning engineers in consultation with other technical specialists using Datamine Studio UGTM and Enhanced Production SchedulerTM ("EPS") software.

The cut-off grade parameters used include projected mining, processing, and general and administrative costs. A Mineral Reserve gold price of $1,400/oz was used. The cut-off grade also considers the metallurgical recovery factor (87 percent applied for all blocks), mining dilution and recovery, tonne-kilometre haulage cost from all blocks, as well as the backfill type.

Stopes are designed using the Datamine Mineable Shape Optimiser ("MSO") Software where the outputs are further optimised by manual edits. The stope shapes are generated at section intervals of 15m to 20m based on geotechnical guidance for each block. The MSO allows the class field to be assigned to each stope generated. The mine design is reviewed taking into consideration the updated stope shapes, existing development and future infrastructure need. A LOM plan is generated which considers fleet and infrastructure capacities. All mining blocks are designed for the LHOS mining method. The Mineral Reserve is reported from the LOM plan and only includes Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource.

Map showing Obuasi planned infrastructure and licences
Below is a map that shows the location, infrastructure and mining licence area for Obuasi. The coordinates of the mine, as represented by the plant, are depicted on the map and are in the geographic coordinate system.





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au-20221231_g7.jpg



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IDUAPRIEM
Property description
Iduapriem mine is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti and a production stage property. The mine is a multiple open pit operation that currently sources ore from the Block 3W, Block 5, Ajopa, and Blocks 7 and 8 pits.

Location
The mine is located in the western region of Ghana, some 70km north of the coastal city of Takoradi and approximately 10km southwest of the town of Tarkwa. The Iduapriem mine is bordered to the north by Gold Fields Ghana Limited (Tarkwa Mine) and to the east by the Ghana Manganese Company Limited (a manganese mine in existence since the 1920s).

Mineralisation style
There are four recognised conglomerate reefs namely A, B, C and D, which are equivalent to the Tarkwaian Sub-basal, Basal (or Main), Middle (or West), and Breccia Reefs, respectively. The B and C Reefs are oligomictic and consist of well-sorted conglomerates and have been mined underground in some areas more than a century ago. The A and D Reefs have a lower gold tenor and are polymictic, containing both well-rounded and angular fragments. Gold is found within the matrix that binds the pebbles together. The gold content is a function of the size and amount (packing) of quartz pebbles present within a conglomeratic unit. The gold is fine-grained, particulate and free-milling.


Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Ghana—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Surface infrastructure associated with Iduapriem’s operation includes a primary crusher, overland conveyor, CIL processing plant next to the main office building, a TSF and four camp areas for contractors and company employees. Tarkwa town is also adjacent to the tenement. Power is supplied to the mine by the Volta River Authority and GRIDCo.

Mineral processing
The current processing plant treats free-milling material from open pit mining, by a conventional crush with a semi-autogenous ball milling circuit and cyanide leach. Iduapriem operates a two-stage crushing circuit consisting of a Metso Superior MKIII primary gyratory crusher and two GP550 gyratory crushers for secondary crushing. The Iduapriem treatment plant has two semi-autogenous grinding mills ("SAG mills") and two ball mills which run in two parallel circuits,each with a SAG mill and a ball mill. The second ball mill, a new thickener, a cluster of cyclones and a Knelson concentrator were commissioned in March 2009. In July 2017, three of the four leach tanks were converted into CIL tanks by introducing carbon into the each of the tanks with the installation of inter-tank screens and carbon recovery screens. Carbon for elution is harvested from one of the leach tanks to the acid wash column, and the carbon recovery screen underflow is pumped back to the leach tanks.

GUINEA

SIGUIRI

Property description
Siguiri is AngloGold Ashanti’s only operation in the Republic of Guinea. The mine is co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (85 percent) and the government of Guinea (15 percent). The mine is a conventional open pit operation situated in the Siguiri district in the northeast of Guinea.

Siguiri is a production stage property, operated by AngloGold Ashanti. Gold-bearing ore is mined from several pits (generally three pits at any one time). Mining occurs primarily in Kami and Bidini pits in Block 1, as well as Saraya pit in Block 2. The pre-feasibility study level of work on the geotechnical design for Sanutinti pit is ongoing.

Location
Siguiri is located approximately 850km north-northeast of Conakry, 25km northwest of the town of Siguiri and 220km southeast of the Malian capital Bamako, near the Malian border.






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Mineralisation style
Siguiri is situated in the northern part of the Siguiri Basin of Guinea, and is underlain by Lower Proterozoic rocks of the Birimian metasedimentary and volcano-sedimentary formations. Primary gold mineralisation occurs in all three lithostratigraphic units of the Siguiri region, although most of the known mineralisation is found in the central and more competent Fatoya Formation. In some deposits, the mineralisation shows strong lithological control and is preferentially developed in coarser-grained units with higher fracture or vein densities than fine-grained rocks. Mineralised veins are more intensely developed along major structural trends, with quartz-carbonate-sulphide veining developed along structures. Some of these structures have developed as incipient faults and are represented by discrete stockworks of mineralised quartz-carbonate veins occurring along a trend instead of clearly defined continuous structures.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Guinea—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Siguiri includes a processing plant, a TSF, and other infrastructure such as a mine village, a water supply system, roads, power supply by on-site generators and communications systems. Additional infrastructure includes on-site offices, accommodation and workshops to support remote mining. Power to the mine is self-generated using heavy fuel oil.

The town of Siguiri can be accessed via a small airfield and a well-paved road that connects Siguiri to Bamako in the north and Kouroussa in the south. Access to the mine via roads and to Siguiri is easily passable through most of the year, although some secondary roads are seasonal with limited access during the wet season. While Siguiri encounters encroachment of villages onto, and artisanal and small-scale mining invasion in, its mining areas as well as increasing community demands and expectations, mitigation plans are in place to significantly reduce the impact of these issues.

Mineral processing
The mined ore is processed using a hybrid CIL circuit plant and can treat 50 percent hard ore post-commissioning of a new ball mill and three-stage crushing plant in 2019. Unit operations include comminution, leaching, carbon adsorption and desorption, smelting and tailings disposal. Further modification of three leach tanks to CIL tanks was carried out in the fourth quarter of 2020, giving a total of seven tanks in the hybrid circuit. The combination plant treats up to 50 percent fresh rock and 50 percent soft ore, with a total throughput of 11.4Mt per annum. The recovery of Bidini, which has been impacted by the presence of carbonaceous ore and the performance of the combination plant to achieve the required mill throughput and recovery, could have an impact on the economic extraction of the estimated Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve until the plant stabilises. There are mitigation plans in place to address any TSF capacity issues and the mine is also doing further optimisation work.

TANZANIA

GEITA
For additional information, see the Technical Report Summary for Geita (effective date: 31 December 2022) filed as Exhibit 19.15.4 hereto.

Property description
Geita (“GGM”), one of AngloGold Ashanti’s flagship mines, is located in northwestern Tanzania, in the Lake Victoria goldfields of the Mwanza region, about 120km from Mwanza and 4km west of the town of Geita. The Geita gold deposits are mined as a multiple open pit and underground operation, with ore production from Star and Comet, Nyankanga and Geita Hill underground mines, and from Nyamulilima open pit. The mine is currently serviced by a CIL processing plant with an annual capacity of 5.2Mt.

GGM is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti. GGM currently has three underground mines (Star and Comet, Nyankanga and Geita Hill) and one open pit (Nyamulilima Cuts 1, 2 and 3) which is in production since 2021. The property is currently in a production stage.

Location
GGM is located approximately 1,200km from the main Tanzanian business centre of Dar es Salaam. It falls within the Lake Zone of northwestern Tanzania, approximately 120km west of Mwanza and 4km west of the town of Geita. The mining lease area falls within the Archaean Sukumaland Greenstone Belt of the Lake Victoria goldfields.




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Mineralisation style
Geita is hosted in the Geita Greenstone Belt, which is a northern segment of the Sukumaland Greenstone Belt, located in the north-western part of the Tanzania Craton and south of Lake Victoria. Gold mineralisation occurred late in the tectonic history of the greenstone belt, synchronous with the development of brittle-ductile shear zones. Mineralisation is dominantly sulfide replacement of magnetite-rich layers in ironstone, with local replacement of ferromagnesian phases and magnetite in the diorite intrusions. Primary gold mineralisation is associated with the intersection of the brittle-ductile shear zones and pre-existing fold hinges, with higher grade concentrations associated with banded iron formation lithologies and with diorite dyke and sill contacts.

History
Gold mineralisation is reported to be first discovered in the Geita district in 1898 by a German prospector. A regional survey by a Kenyan company, Saragura Prospecting Syndicate, followed in 1930. The first mine was developed in 1934, and between 1936 and 1966, Geita was the largest gold mine in East Africa, producing 1Moz of gold from underground operations.

In 1996, Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited acquired the Geita tenure through the acquisition of Cluff Resources, and acquired the Kukuluma and Matandani in 1998 from Samax Resources Limited. In December 2000, Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited reached an agreement to sell a 50 percent interest in Geita to AngloGold Limited for $324 million. AngloGold Limited added its neighbouring Nyamulilima Hill deposits into the JV company. In 2004, the merger of AngloGold Limited and Ashanti Goldfields Company Limited resulted in the operation being wholly run by the combined company AngloGold Ashanti.

GGM commenced open pit mining in 1999, with open pit mining at Nyankanga between 1999 and 2020, at Geita Hill between 2001 and 2019, at Kukuluma and Matandani between 2002 and 2007, and at Star and Comet between 2007 and 2014. In 2015, a decision was taken to go underground at Star and Comet, and the underground development started in 2016. In 2017, the Nyankanga underground operation commenced and in 2020 the Geita Hill underground commenced and is scheduled to ramp up to full production by the end of 2023.

The Nyankanga open pit, the only remaining operating pit at the time, was mined to completion in September 2020. In April 2021, the Nyamulilima open pit commenced operations.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa Region—Tanzania—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Mining method
Mining at Geita uses both open pit and underground mining methods. The Nyamulilima open pit commenced production in April 2021 and reached full production during 2022. Open pit mining is by conventional truck and shovel methods, where production mining equipment is operated by GGM with Capital Mining Services Tanzania Limited providing production and grade control drilling services, and Orica providing blasting and explosives services. Underground mining commenced at Star and Comet in 2016 and subsequently at Nyankanga in 2017, and most recently Geita Hill in 2020. Star and Comet underground has successfully transitioned to owner mining and the mining contractor African Underground Mining Services is used at Nyankanga and Geita Hill for underground development and stoping. The underground mining method is a combination of LOS and TOS. Cemented aggregate fill backfill is used at Nyankanga to fill the primary stopes and allows for the mining of secondary stopes. Ore is hauled from the Nyamulilima open pit (22km) and from Star and Comet (17km), Nyankanga (4km) and Geita Hill (2km) underground operations to the central run-of-mine ("ROM") pad by the Geita surface mining fleet.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Surface infrastructure associated with the overall Geita operation includes a 5.2Mtpa CIL processing plant, a TSF, a camp, an airstrip, open pit and underground workshops and offices, contractor yards, backfill plants and explosives suppliers. Power to the mine is self-generated at Geita's 40MW power plant using diesel generators, however, there is planned construction of a 33kV hydropower station by Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited ("TANESCO"). The physical condition of the equipment, facilities, and infrastructure at GGM is generally considered to be in good working order. The mine has invested heavily in maintaining and upgrading its assets to ensure they remain reliable and efficient. The underground development of the mine has also been extensively developed, with the construction of a number of portals, declines and strategically placed development drives that access and further explore the gold-bearing ore. Overall, the GGM is a well-established operation implementing fit-for-purpose technologies once proven in the market. For the number of persons employed at the mine, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—Operating Performance—Africa Region”.



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The “Property, Plant, and Equipment” as of 31 December 2022, including lease assets, buildings and mine infrastructure, mining assets, capitalised exploration costs, decommissioning assets, assets under construction and deferred stripping, had a carrying value of $418m.

Mineral processing
Geita’s ore processing method is a conventional CIL process with a throughput capacity of 5.2Mtpa. The circuit contains a primary gyratory crusher, secondary and tertiary crushers, a SAG mill, a ball mill and 12 leach tanks. This is coupled with a gravity circuit using two Knelson concentrators. In planning the plant feed blend material, hardness grade, oxide and sulphide content are considered in order to optimise throughput and recovery.

Mineral Resource
The below table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, summarises the gold Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for Geita at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,750/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ResourceCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
GeitaMeasured1.80 4.15 7.50 0.24 
Indicated40.32 2.03 81.96 2.63 
Measured & Indicated42.12 2.12 89.45 2.88 
Inferred36.21 2.64 95.71 3.08 
Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. The Mineral Resource estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Resource at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
1.All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource—Key Parameters” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Based on a gold price of $1,750/oz.

Year on year changes in Mineral Resource - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Geita
CategoryMeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated totalInferred
Previous Year0.21 1.87 2.08 3.26 
Depletion— — — — 
Exploration0.02 0.09 0.11 0.12 
Methodology0.03 0.49 0.52 (0.57)
Price0.01 0.17 0.18 0.19 
Cost(0.03)0.19 0.16 0.07 
Geotechnical— — — — 
Metallurgical— 0.02 0.02 0.02 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — — 
Other— (0.20)(0.20)— 
Current Year0.24 2.63 2.88 3.08 
Net Difference0.03 0.77 0.80 (0.18)
% Difference16 41 38 (6)
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The increase is largely as a result of exploration success due to accelerated drilling activities because of the planned reinvestment, and changes in methodology were as a result of revised estimation parameters, and refined ore wireframes. The increase in the Mineral Resource price and favourable cost reductions in open pit haulage, general



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and administrative expenses and new underground contract rates led to lower cut-off grades resulting in additional Mineral Resource, which was partially offset by depletion.

Material Assumptions for the Mineral Resource

Key Parameters
GeitaUnitOpen Pit
Costs
Ore mining cost$/tonne mined3.3
Waste mining cost$/tonne mined3.3
Material handling$/tonne mined2.03
Processing cost$/tonne treated18.63
G&A$/tonne treated8.43
Other Parameters
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF89
Slope anglesdegree55
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t0.65
Mineral Resource price$/oz1,750 
Royalties%7.3 

GeitaUnitUnderground
Costs
Production (Mining cost)$/tonne ore mined
47.68-82.88(1)
Mine Services$/tonne ore mined21.97-25.78(1)
Processing cost$/tonne treated
18.46-19.11(2)
Other Parameters
Mineral Resource cut-off gradeg/t
1.86-3.01(2)
Mineral Resource price$/oz1,750 
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF
70.4-91.4(1)
Royalties%7.3 
Notes:
(1) Mining cost includes backfilling at Nyankanga, and material handling costs. (2) Variable according to area.
(3) %MetRF: Ridge 8, 70.4%, Star and Comet Cut 5, 80.4%, Star and Comet Cut 2, 88.3%, Star and Comet Cut 3, 88.4%,
           Geita Hill 87.2%, Nyankanga Block 5, 89.8%, Nyankanga Block 1, 2, 3 and 4, 91.4%.
(4) Datamine Mineable Shape Optimiser ("MSO").

Estimation
For the open pits, mineralisation boundaries for the individual deposits are defined from detailed logging of all geological drill holes. This information is validated and then geological wireframes are interpreted to create a 3D geological model. The geological model is subsequently used in conjunction with an appropriately dimensioned block model. Ordinary kriging is used to interpolate values into block models, and uniform conditioning ("UC") and localised uniform conditioning ("LUC") methods are used to generate a recoverable Mineral Resource block model, which estimates the proportion of ore that occurs above the Mineral Resource cut-off grade assuming a specified SMU. The open pit Mineral Resource is reported within a $1,750/oz optimised pit shell and above the calculated mineralised waste cut-off grade per pit.

For the underground Mineral Resource, the geological model is generated in the same way as for the open pits. However, a high-grade wireframe is delineated within the broader, lower-grade mineralised envelope. In this instance, all geological controls are adhered to when determining this domain. Ordinary kriging models are then constructed within the low- and high-grade domains, and numerous validation exercises are completed to ensure robust estimates are achieved. The underground Mineral Resource is reported inside a MSO volume generated using a unique underground cut-off grade for each deposit.




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The ultimate open pit designs are used as the limiting boundaries between the open pits and underground during model compilation. The underground stopes and development are evaluated using the ordinary kriging block models and the open pit designs are evaluated using the LUC block models.

Stockpiled material above mineralised waste cut-off grade is included in the Mineral Resource.

Mineral Reserve
The below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph (D)(1) of Item 1304 of Regulation S-K, summarises the gold Mineral Reserve for Geita at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on a gold price estimate of $1,400/oz. Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.

Mineral ReserveCategoryTonnesGradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022milliong/ttonnesMoz
GeitaProven9.54 1.02 9.70 0.31 
Probable38.95 2.60 101.19 3.25 
Total48.49 2.29 110.89 3.57 
Notes:
1.Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. The Mineral Reserve estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Reserve at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year is detailed in the table below. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
2.“Tonnes” refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
3.Property currently in a production stage.
4.Refer to “—Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve—Modifying factors and price estimates” for additional information on cut-off grades and metallurgical recovery.
5.Based on a gold price of $1,400/oz.

Year on year changes in Mineral Reserve - Moz
as at 31 December 2022Geita
CategoryProvenProbableTotal
Previous Year0.09 2.55 2.65 
Depletion(0.06)(0.49)(0.55)
Exploration— 0.87 0.87 
Methodology— — — 
Price— 0.40 0.40 
Cost0.18 0.06 0.25 
Geotechnical— — — 
Metallurgical— — — 
Operational0.04 (0.10)(0.06)
Other0.06 (0.04)0.02 
Acquisition / Disposal— — — 
Current Year0.31 3.25 3.57 
Net Difference0.22 0.70 0.92 
% Difference241 27 35 
Notes:
All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated.

The increase is mainly due to ongoing exploration drilling success resulting in larger pit designs at Nyamulilima and in the first-time reporting of the Geita Hill underground Mineral Reserve based on a feasibility study currently being completed. An increase in the Mineral Reserve price and reduced costs mostly by reductions in hauling cost on surface and contractor rates is partially offset by depletion and operational changes.








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Material Assumptions for the Mineral Reserve

Modifying factors and price estimates
as at 31 December 2022Geita
Primary Commodity Price$/oz1,400 
Cut-off gradeg/t
0.70(2)-4.20(3)
Stoping widthcm
450-2,500(3)
Dilution%
11.6(2);10-17(3)
Resource Modification Factor%RMF based on tonnes
99.5(2)-100(3)
Resource Modification Factor%RMF based on g/t
93(2)-100(3)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on tonnes
86-100(1)
Mining Recovery Factor%MRF based on g/t
86-100(1)
Mine Call Factor%MCF100
Metallurgical Recovery Factor%MetRF
80.4-91.4(1)
Notes:
(1) Vary according to rock type / area. (2) Open pit. (3) Underground.

Estimation
The Mineral Resource models are used as the basis for Mineral Reserve estimation. Input parameters for estimating the Mineral Reserve include gold price, mining dilution and recovery, geotechnical information, stay-in-business capital, operating costs, metallurgical recovery, processing capacity and mining equipment capacities.

Appropriate Mineral Reserve cut-off grades are applied and optimised pit shells are generated for the open pit sources. Pit designs are then done on selected shells and signed off by all relevant parties to ensure compliance to specifications. Underground designs are completed and evaluated. These designs are incorporated into the production and treatment scheduling stages to yield ore tonnes and grades. Financial evaluations are completed for production and treatment schedules to check the cash flow analysis from the estimated Mineral Reserve.

The Mineral Reserve for Geita's operating and prospective pits, as well as underground mine areas is estimated using updated economic factors, latest Mineral Resource models, geological, geotechnical, mining engineering and metallurgical parameters. Environmental, sociopolitical, legal and regulatory factors are also considered.

Map showing Geita planned infrastructure and licences
Below is a map that shows the location, infrastructure and mining license area for Geita. The coordinates of the mine, as represented by the plant, are depicted on the map and are in the geographic coordinate system.



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au-20221231_g8.jpg




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AMERICAS
The Americas region includes the mining jurisdictions Brazil and Argentina, in which AngloGold Ashanti has three operations. In Argentina, the Company has one mining operation: the Cerro Vanguardia Mine, co-owned by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5%) and Fomento Minero de Santa Cruz Sociedad del Estado (“Fomicruz SE”) (7.5%). In Brazil, the Company has two mining operations: (i) the AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do Sítio Mineração operations (“AGA Mineração”) which include the Cuiabá, Lamego and Córrego do Sítio (“CdS”) mines, and (ii) Mineração Serra Grande (“Serra Grande”).

ARGENTINA

CERRO VANGUARDIA
Property description
Cerro Vanguardia, a production stage gold-silver operation, is the Company’s sole operation in Argentina. The mine is operated by Cerro Vanguardia S.A. ("CVSA"), which is a company formed by AngloGold Ashanti (92.5%) and Fomicruz SE, a state-owned company operating in the province of Santa Cruz (7.5%). The climate is semi-arid and although snow does occur, winter is mild and exploration activities are normally possible all year round. Cerro Vanguardia operates multiple small open pits with high stripping ratios and multiple narrow-vein underground mines located within the property and mined simultaneously. Cerro Vanguardia has been in operation for more than 20 years. Silver is produced as a by-product.

Location
Cerro Vanguardia is located in the Santa Cruz province, southern Patagonia, Argentina, approximately 110km north-northwest of the coastal town of Puerto San Julián. Access to the area is by aircraft from Buenos Aires to Comodoro Rivadavia (380km) or Rio Gallegos (510km) and then by road to the mine site.

Mineralisation style
Cerro Vanguardia is in the core of the 60,000km2 Deseado Massif, one of the most extensive volcanic complexes in southern Patagonia. The Deseado Massif is deposited over Paleozoic low-grade metamorphic basement rocks. The mineralisation is concentrated in steeply-dipping quartz veins that cut the flat-lying ignimbrites and volcanoclastic rocks. The Cerro Vanguardia district contains more than 100 gold and silver-bearing epithermal veins for a cumulative exposed vein strike extension of more than 240km, of which 55 veins are currently known to contain economic gold and silver mineralisation. The veins at Cerro Vanguardia consist mainly of quartz and adularia and contain minor electrum, native gold, silver sulphides and native silver as fine-grained disseminations.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Argentina—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Infrastructure for Cerro Vanguardia is mostly located on-site. It includes a camp site with a capacity of 1,300 people, a Merrill Crowe plant, heap leaching facilities, cyanide recycling plant, mine laboratory, maintenance facilities, warehouses and sewage processing plant. Four natural gas power generators, fed by a 40km long pipeline, provide electricity to the operation. Natural gas is also used for heating. Mine office facilities are located in the main mining area.

Dewatering supplies water for use both as processing water and camp consumption. Due to the particular features of the mine, and in order to optimise hauling, all pits have local, single or multiple waste dumps. The TSF is located in and is contained by a natural depression.

Mineral processing
The metallurgical plant has a daily capacity estimated at 3,500tpd (1.2Mtpa), with gold and silver grade of around 4.25g/t and 120g/t, respectively. The plant comprises the following stages: crushing, milling, conventional leaching in tanks, counter current decant system in thickeners (“CCD circuit”), a CIL process, acid wash, elution, conventional Merrill Crowe process to recover gold and silver with metallic zinc, and a cyanide recovery plant ("Cyanisorb"). The tailings go directly to a conventional TSF, where there is also a reclaim water system for the plant.

In addition to the processing plant there is a heap leach pad, with an annual capacity of 1.5Mtpa, and gold and silver grades of around 0.7g/t and 20g/t, respectively. The pregnant solution from this process goes directly to the CCD circuit in the process plant and to the Merrill Crowe process for gold and silver recovery.




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BRAZIL
AngloGold Ashanti’s operations in Brazil comprise AGA Mineração in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais state and Serra Grande in the Goiás state. AGA Mineração consists of several operations, namely Cuiabá, Lamego, and CdS.

Ore from the Cuiabá and Lamego underground mines is processed at the Cuiabá gold plant. The concentrate produced is transported by aerial ropeway to the Queiroz plant for processing and refining. The Queiroz hydrometallurgical plant also produces sulphuric acid as a by-product.

CdS consists of open pit and underground mines. The oxide ore mined is treated by heap leach and a pressure leaching plant treats sulphide ore. The distance from the main underground mine to the metallurgical plant is around 15km.

Serra Grande comprises three mechanised underground mines, Mina III, Mina Nova and Mina Palmeiras, and an open pit as well as a dedicated metallurgical plant.

AGA MINERAÇÃO
AGA Mineração encompasses mining operations at Cuiabá, Lamego and CdS. The AGA Mineração mining complex is located in southeastern Brazil in the state of Minas Gerais. Operations are 30km from the capital of the state (Belo Horizonte) in the case of Cuiabá and Lamego, and approximately 100km in the case of CdS.

AGA MINERAÇÃO - CÓRREGO DO SÍTIO
Property description
CdS is wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti. It has been in operation since 1989 and consists of multiple open pit (conventional bench mining) and underground mines (mainly using sub-level stoping). The property is currently in a production stage and operated by AGA Mineração.

Location
The CdS complex is located in the municipalities of Santa Bárbara and Barão de Cocais, that are located 100km east of the city of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais, in the southeast of Brazil. These operations are included in an important mining district referred to as the Quadrilátero Ferrífero (Iron Quadrangle), the second biggest Brazilian area for the production of iron, gold and manganese.

Mineralisation style
The CdS gold deposit is located in the eastern part of the lower to middle greenschist facies of the Rio das Velhas Archaean, in the Iron Quadrangle region, on the southern margin of the São Francisco Craton in Brazil. CdS is an orogenic gold deposit hosted in intensely deformed clastic, volcanoclastic, carbonaceous schists and metagreywackes in an approximately 30km northeast-southwest striking shear zone. Hydrothermal alteration phases associated with the mineralisation are dominated by sericite and carbonate.

The CdS I, II and III, gold deposits and associated targets are located in a gold trend that extends for approximately 14km in a north-easterly direction, from Grota Funda (CdS I) in the south to Anomalia (CdS III) in the north, which developed in a compressional tectonic regime. Gold is associated with quartz and fine grained acicular arsenopyrite. The main gold targets and deposits are distributed over three trends, namely the CdS Trend and the Cristina Trend hosted in metasedimentary rocks, and the Donana Trend hosted in BIF.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
CdS infrastructure consists of the sulphide plant at CdS II (used to process refractory sulphide material), and the heap leach plant at CdS I (for oxide ore mined by open pit). The site also has an ore sorting plant, a TSF for the sulphide plant, a neutralised tailings deposit for the oxide material and numerous waste dumps for the open pit mines at CdS I. For further information on the regulatory framework governing TSFs in Brazil, see “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil”.

Ancillary facilities comprise a water treatment facility, effluent treatment facilities, equipment workshops, laboratory, warehouses, explosives and accessories magazines, fuel stations, electric substations as well as offices, medical



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clinic, mess rooms, dressing rooms, bathrooms, storerooms, garage, fuel stations, a centre of environmental studies, nursery and other facilities required to operate the mine.

Water is primarily sourced from recycling the underground mine water and supplementary water catchment wells. The power for the operations is supplied and purchased on the open market. Good communication infrastructure is available in the area.

Mineral processing
There are two metallurgical plants at CdS: the heap leach plant for oxide ore and the sulphide plant. The sulphide process consists of crushing, grinding and gravity concentration, flotation, thickening, pressure oxidation (POX autoclave), CIL extraction, elution, neutralisation, electrowinning and dry stack tailings. The sulphide plant and POX circuit have a capacity of 900ktpa. The heap leaching process consists of crushing, agglomeration, stacking, leaching, adsorption, elution and electrowinning, with capacity of 860ktpa.

AGA MINERAÇÃO - CUIABÁ
Property description
Cuiabá is an underground operation (mainly using sub-level long hole open stoping), wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti, within one of the most important metallogenetic provinces in Brazil known as the Iron Quadrangle. This region is an important producer of iron ore, manganese and gold in Brazil. The property is currently in a production stage and operated by AGA Mineração.

Location
Cuiabá is located 30km to the east of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais, in the southeast of Brazil.

Mineralisation style
Cuiabá mine is located in the Iron Quadrangle, which is a geotectonic unit on the southern edge of the São Francisco Craton, comprising Archaean and Proterozoic terrains, and bordered by Neoproterozoic mobile belts. From a regional viewpoint, Cuiabá mine is located in the eastern extension of the Serra do Curral inverted homocline, located on the northeastern edge of the Iron Quadrangle. The mine lithostratigraphy consists of an intermediate metavolcanic sedimentary sequence of the greenstone belt type and is hosted in the Nova Lima Group at the bottom of the Rio das Velhas Supergroup.

Gold mineralisation is associated with sulphides and quartz veins in BIF and volcanic sequences. Structural control and fluid flow are the most important factors for gold mineralisation with a common association between large-scale shear zones and their associated structures. Where BIF is mineralised, the ore appears strongly stratiform due to the selective sulphidation of the iron-rich layers. Steeply plunging shear zones tend to control the ore shoots, which commonly plunge parallel to intersections between the shears and other structures. Mineralisation is hosted in the limbs of a fold system.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
The metallurgical plants (Cuiabá gold plant and Queiroz plant) are connected by an aerial ropeway and power to the mine is provided by a set of small hydropower plants (Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex). Cuiabá mine has a shaft system (846m deep) for production and personnel transport, the current nominal airflow capacity for which is 1,035m3/s, of which 320m3/s are refrigerated. Tailings deposition is at one of four sites located at Cuiabá, Calcinados, Rapaunha and Cocuruto. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” for further information on the Company’s TSFs in Brazil. The Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex is a set of seven small hydropower plants that generate energy from three dams (Ingleses, Miguelo and Codorna), and are directly connected to the Queiroz plant.

Mineral processing
Cuiabá and Lamego mines feed the Cuiabá gold (crushing, milling and flotation) and Queiroz (roaster, carbon circuit and refinery) plants, currently at 1.9Mtpa with a metallurgical recovery of 91.8 percent for the combined feed. At the Cuiabá gold plant, ore is crushed and milled followed by flotation and filtration to produce a concentrate (32 percent sulphur), which is transported by an aerial ropeway to Queiroz for further treatment. Approximately 30 percent of gold is recovered through a gravity circuit at the Cuiabá gold plant. The concentrate, transported by aerial ropeway, is received at the Queiroz plant which is located in Nova Lima and comprises the refractory ore circuit (from Cuiabá or



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Lamego) with facilities for pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. The concentrate is roasted and the calcine proceeds to a carbon-in-pulp ("CIP") with Merrill Crowe circuits for further refining. The sulphide gas is captured for processing at the acid plant. Sulphuric acid is produced as a by-product.

AGA MINERAÇÃO - LAMEGO
Property description
Lamego is an underground operation (mainly using long hole stoping) that is wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti, within one of the most important metallogenetic provinces in Brazil, known as the Iron Quadrangle. This region is an important producer of iron, manganese and gold in Brazil. The property is currently in a production stage and operated by AGA Mineração.

Location
Lamego is located 30km to the east of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais, in the southeast of Brazil.

Mineralisation style
The Lamego mine is located in the Iron Quadrangle, which is a geotectonic unit at the southern edge of the São Francisco Craton, comprising Archaean and Proterozoic terrains, and bordered by Neoproterozoic mobile belts. From a regional viewpoint, the Lamego mine is located in the eastern extension of the Serra do Curral inverted homocline, located on the northern edge of the Iron Quadrangle.

Gold mineralisation is characterised by orebodies associated with two horizons of chemical sedimentary rocks: BIF and metachert, with shear zones containing abundant quartz veinlets. The proportions of these lithotypes vary substantially from one deposit to another. In the BIF, sulphide mineralisation is associated with gold, while in the metachert it is associated with quartz veins. The gold occurs either as native gold or in sulphides. Lamego has a similar rock assemblage to Cuiabá, but with higher structural complexity. The mineralised BIF is more structurally deformed and contains more silica when compared to Cuiabá, which reacted less with the hydrothermal fluid.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Lamego operates as a satellite mine to the Cuiabá mine. Ore is transported to surface via ramps where it is crushed, stockpiled and transported daily to the Cuiabá gold plant, where it is blended with Cuiabá ore on the ROM pad.

The two plants (Cuiabá gold plant and Queiroz plant) are connected by an aerial ropeway. Power to the mine is provided by a set of small hydropower plants (Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex) and supplied by Cemig, a state-owned company. The Rio de Peixe hydroelectric complex is a set of seven small hydropower plants that generate energy from three dams (Ingleses, Miguelo and Codorna), and are directly connected to the Queiroz plant. Tailings deposition is at one of four sites located at Cuiabá, Calcinados, Rapaunha and Cocuruto. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” for further information on the Company’s TSFs in Brazil.

Lamego has a natural water supply system and a plant for water and sewage treatment.

Mineral processing
Cuiabá and Lamego mines feed the Cuiabá gold (crushing, milling and flotation) and Queiroz (roaster, carbon circuit and refinery) plants, currently at 1.9Mtpa with a metallurgical recovery of 91.8 percent for the combined feed. At the Cuiabá gold plant, ore is crushed and milled followed by flotation and filtration to produce a concentrate (32 percent sulphur), which is transported by an aerial ropeway to Queiroz for further treatment. Approximately 30 percent of gold is recovered through a gravity circuit at the Cuiabá gold plant. The concentrate, transported by aerial ropeway, is received at the Queiroz plant which is located in Nova Lima and comprises the refractory ore circuit (from Cuiabá or Lamego) with facilities for pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. The concentrate is roasted and the calcine proceeds to a CIP with Merrill Crowe circuits for further refining. The sulphide gas is captured for processing at the acid plant. Sulphuric acid is produced as a by-product.

SERRA GRANDE
Property description
Mineração Serra Grande ("MSG" or "Serra Grande") is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti and is located in the northwest of the state of Goiás, in central Brazil. It operates three underground mines (using sub-level



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stoping (bottom-up and top-down), cut-and-fill and room-and-pillar mining methods) and two open pit mines. The property is currently in a production stage.

Location
Serra Grande is located 5km south of the town of Crixás, 420km from the Brazilian capital, Brasília and approximately 350km from the state capital of Goiás, Goiánia. The employment of 1,120 persons in this largely rural area makes mining the principal economic activity in the region.

Mineralisation style
The Serra Grande gold deposit is an orogenic mesothermal deposit, associated with the development of shear zones that belong to the Upper Archaean Crixás Group. Gold mineralisation is associated with metasediments and metavolcanics from the Ribeirão das Antas and Rio Vermelho Formations respectively. The Crixás Greenstone Belt is surrounded by granitic gneiss terrains from the Ribeirão das Antas and Caiamar complexes and metasedimentary rocks from the Santa Terezinha Group, which is part of the Goiás magmatic arc. Mineralisation at Serra Grande is associated with quartz veins and massive to disseminated sulphides in metasedimentary, metavolcanoclastic and metabasalt rocks, with variable degrees of hydrothermal alteration developed over orogenic stacked thrust layers (duplexes).

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Serra Grande operates a single TSF, which will support the LOM production and has government environmental licensing in place. The water used in metallurgical processing comes from the underground mines. The state road GO-337 passes close to the operation providing access for logistics. The power for the mine is supplied and purchased in the open market (grid electricity) and diesel self-generation. Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” for further information on the Company’s TSFs in Brazil.

Mineral processing
The metallurgical plant has the capacity to process 1.5Mtpa, combining CIL and gravimetric circuits. The ore is blended to feed the crushing circuit, which has a capacity of 4,500tpd. There are two mills in operation, and 20 leach tanks with a capacity of 4,800m3 divided between pre-liming and cyanidation stages. Approximately 45 percent of gold is captured in the parallel gravity circuit. The tailings are filtered and stacked in piles. The rest of the gold is recovered by the CIL process to form the doré that is sent to Nova Lima for refining. The total gold recovery is approximately 93.4 percent.

AUSTRALIA

AngloGold Ashanti operates two mines and has one new project in Western Australia.

Sunrise Dam, wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti, is located 205km north-northeast of Kalgoorlie and 55km south of Laverton.

Tropicana is a joint operation between AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent and the operator), and AFB Resources Pty Limited (30 percent), a subsidiary of Regis Resources Limited. Tropicana is located 200km east of Laverton and 330km east-northeast of Kalgoorlie in Western Australia.

The Butcher Well project is a joint venture between AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent) and Northern Star Resources Limited (“Northern Star Resources”) (30 percent). The project is managed by AngloGold Ashanti. Butcher Well is located 20km southwest of the Sunrise Dam mine and is considered to be a potential satellite operation.

SUNRISE DAM
Property description
Sunrise Dam is a production stage property with an active underground (using sub-level open stoping methods and narrow open-stoping methods) and open pit mine that is wholly-owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti. AngloGold Ashanti conducts all brownfield exploration activities on the site and all tenements and permits are in good standing.




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Location
Sunrise Dam is approximately 205km north-northeast of Kalgoorlie and 55km south of Laverton in Western Australia.

Mineralisation style
Sunrise Dam is a mesothermal gold deposit located in the Archaean greenstone belts of Western Australia. The deposit is complex and structurally controlled with multiple ore zones displaying differing characteristics, from ductile shear zones to brittle stockwork complexes to intrusive hosted mineralisation. Mineralisation is typically hosted within quartz-carbonate veins with varying quantities of pyrite and arsenopyrite. Strong alteration of the country host rock is common proximal to controlling structures.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Australia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
All required infrastructure is in place including a fully functional camp, process plant, tailings facility, gas pipeline, power plant and electrical reticulation, offices, airstrip and road system. The underground infrastructure caters for all ventilation and dewatering needs with provisions made in the budget for extensions and upgrades.

Mineral processing
Processing at Sunrise Dam is via a conventional three-stage crushing / two-stage milling, CIL circuit, with a pyrite flotation and ultrafine grinding circuit commissioned in 2018. The gravity circuit recovers approximately 30 percent of the gold, with the CIL circuit, AcaciaTM reactor and Anglo American Research Laboratories ("AARL") elution used to recover the remainder. Electrowinning recovers gold from the Acacia reactor and is eluted to produce gold doré. Plant throughput at Sunrise Dam is approximately 4.1Mtpa.

BUTCHER WELL
Property description
Butcher Well is a joint venture between AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent) and Northern Star Resources (30 percent). Butcher Well encompasses two tenement packages, Butcher Well and Lake Carey, covering approximately 339.56km2. AngloGold Ashanti also holds a significant tenement package adjacent to the Northern Star joint venture properties.

The project is in the exploration stage in the early stages of study, with no Mineral Reserve declared. An Inferred Mineral Resource is stated, which has been the focus of a conceptual study. As the project is still in a concept study phase, no mining has taken place. Both open pit and underground mining options (using transverse longhole open stoping) are being explored.

Location
The Butcher Well project is located in the Laverton district of Western Australia, 20km southwest of AngloGold Ashanti's Sunrise Dam mine and 180km northeast of Kalgoorlie. Butcher Well is considered as a potential satellite operation to Sunrise Dam.

The Sunrise Dam airstrip is approximately 70km by road from the project, with a travel time of approximately 90 minutes on the road on the circumference of the southern part of Lake Carey. Lake Carey is a large salt lake that covers a part of the western project area,with Sunrise Dam located to the east of the lake and the Butcher Well project located on the western shore.

Mineralisation style
The Butcher Well Mineral Resource is an orogenic-style gold system hosted within the Laverton Greenstone Belt. The mineralisation is hosted within a basalt and is spatially associated with syenite dykes. Gold mineralisation within fresh rock principally occurs within steeply dipping north-south trending panels. Supergene gold dispersion and enrichment broadens the mineralised envelope within the near-surface saprolitic material. Much of this material has been previously exploited in shallow open pits.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Australia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.




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Processing plants and other available facilities
Power is likely to be generated on-site via diesel generators. Water can be sourced from the existing flooded pits or bores. Ore material will be trucked to Sunrise Dam via existing secondary roads.

Mineral processing
Ore from Butcher Well will be processed at AngloGold Ashanti's Sunrise Dam processing plant. Processing at Sunrise Dam is via a conventional three-stage crushing, two-stage milling CIL circuit, with a pyrite flotation and ultrafine grinding circuit commissioned in 2018. The gravity circuit recovers approximately 30 percent of the gold, with the CIL circuit and AARL elution used to recover the remainder. Electrowinning recovers gold from the Acacia reactor and eluate to produce gold doré. Plant throughput at Sunrise Dam is 4.1Mtpa, and Butcher Well ore will supplement ore production from the Sunrise Dam underground mine to maintain the mill throughput.

TROPICANA
Property description
Tropicana mine is a currently operating gold mine, and is a production stage property. It produces gold bearing ore from a number of open pits named from north to south: Boston Shaker, Tropicana, Havana and Havana South, and from an underground mine beneath the Boston Shaker and Tropicana open pits. The project is a joint operationbetween AngloGold Ashanti (70 percent), as operator, and AFB Resources Pty Limited, a subsidiary of Regis Resources Limited (30 percent).

Location
Tropicana is located 330km northeast of Kalgoorlie and 200km east of Laverton, Western Australia.

Mineralisation style
The Tropicana deposit is hosted in an Archaen quartz-feldspathic gneiss within a major tectonic suture zone between the Yilgarn Craton and the Albany-Fraser Orogen. Mineralisation is associated with a strong hydrothermal alteration assemblege of biotite-sericite-pyrite, which post-dates peak graulite facies metamorphism. Gold is found within the pyrite.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Australia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
All surface infrastructure facilities are in place and operational. The processing plant and TSF are operating withinwell, consistent with design specifications. The infrastructure includes, but is not limited to a dedicated gas and diesel power station, water supply, processing plant, mine, dewatering infrastructure, TSF, workshops, camp facilities and airstrips. Tropicana utilises a three-stage crushing circuit, inclusive of energy-efficient high-pressure grinding roll technology, followed by conventional ball mill grinding and a carbon-in-leach gold leach circuit. Throughput in 2020 was 8.83Mtpa. Power is supplied to the mine by an on-site gas and diesel power station, withstations, and natural gas is supplied via an APA Operations (Pty) Limited pipeline. Underground development and production is ongoing.

GeologyMineral processing
The processing plant has a capacity of 9.3Mtpa. The crushing circuit consists of a primary gyratory crusher, feeding a set of secondary cone crushers and tertiary rolls crushers. A 14MW and 6MW ball mill in parallel completes the grinding circuit. A CIL circuit is used to extract the gold from the ore, and a standard AARL elution and recovery systems is used to form gold doré bars.

The power provider, Kalgoorlie Power Systems, has built a dedicated power station consisting of a combination of diesel and gas powered generators with a capacity of 48.5MW.

PROJECTS
The projects in Colombia form a significant contribution to AngloGold Ashanti’s Mineral Resource with the three projects: La Colosa, Minera de Cobre Quebradona ("Quebradona") and Gramalote, the latter of which is a joint operationbetween AngloGold Ashanti (50 percent) and B2Gold Corp. (“B2 Gold”) (50 percent). Mineral Reserve was declared for the first time at Quebradona in 2018.

During 2022, the Company's project team in the United States integrated the Mineral Resource resulting from AngloGold Ashanti's acquisitions of Corvus Gold Inc. (“Corvus Gold”) and Coeur Sterling, Inc. (“Coeur Sterling”) using the Company’s evaluation framework. AngloGold Ashanti acquired North Bullfrog and Mother Lode as part of the Corvus Gold acquisition in January 2022 and Sterling (which includes the Crown Block deposits of SNA, Secret Pass and Daisy) through the acquisition of Coeur Sterling in November 2022.



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COLOMBIA
AngloGold Ashanti Colombia has three greenfields projects: Gramalote, La Colosa and Quebradona.

The Gramalote project is a joint operation between AngloGold Ashanti (50 percent) and B2Gold (50 percent). The project is managed by B2Gold. It is situated in the Department of Antioquia, 124km northeast of Medellín.

The La Colosa project is wholly-owned and managed by AngloGold Ashanti. It is located in the Department of Tolima, 150km west of Bogotá, and 30km west of the major town of Ibagué.

The Quebradona project is wholly-owned and managed by AngloGold Ashanti and comprises the Nuevo Chaquiro deposit, a significant copper-gold porphyry. The Quebradona project is situated in the Middle Cauca region of Colombia, in the Department of Antioquia, 60km southwest of Medellín.

GRAMALOTE
Property description
Gramalote is a joint operation between AngloGold Ashanti (50 percent) and B2Gold (50 percent), with B2Gold being the manager. The property is currently an exploration stage project, with no Mineral Reserve declared. Gramalote is a semi-massive, superficial low-grade gold deposit suitable to be mined as a conventional open pit truck and shovel operation.

Following the completion of a feasibility study optimised work in the second half of 2022, both joint operation partners determined that the Gramalote project does not meet their investment thresholds for development. Following a comprehensive review of the alternatives relating to the project, both parties have commenced a joint sales process for the project, which is currently ongoing.

Location
The Gramalote property is located near the towns of Providencia and San José del Nus within the municipality of San Roque in the Department of Antioquia in the northwest of Colombia. It is approximately 230km northwest of Bogotá and 124km northeast of Medellín, which is the capital of the Antioquia Department.

Mineralisation style
Gramalote is a pluton-related, mesothermal gold deposit genetically related to the host intrusion. The alteration and mineralisation are structurally controlled, restricted to small halos along veins, sheeted veins and stockwork arrays with sulphide content being less than five percent. There are three distinct mineral deposits: Gramalote Central, Monjas West (also referred to as Monjas) and Trinidad. These all have similar mineralisation and alteration styles, with vertical to sub-vertical mineralised zones extending from tens of metres to over 200m width, with variable strike lengths of up to 1km, and extending to depths of several hundred metres. Mineralisation is controlled by northeast to southwest trending strike-slip shear zones, north-northwest to south-southeast trending extensional shear zones and dilatational fractures. Gold mineralisation at Tropicana occursis associated with stockwork veining and in high metamorphic grade gneissic rocks, which dip gentlyparticular quartz with fine pyrite veins, quartz-carbonate veins, and quartz with coarse pyrite veins.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Colombia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Key infrastructure planned includes: a TSF, waste rock facility, site water management, a creek diversion, roads and bridges, central workshop, offices and camp, and a process plant. Power is expected to be supplied from the national power grid some 25km away. Access is through a national road located less than 1km from the project.

Mineral processing
A range of treatment options for sulphide ore were investigated in previous studies, including whole ore leaching, heap leaching and a float leach process. The float leach process was selected as offering much better economics. Most of the metallurgical designs have been confirmed during the technical update to the south east. Mineralisationfeasibility study conducted during 2022. The process design is structurally controlledas follows:
•Processing by a semi-autogenous grinding stream treating approximately 11Mtpa of sulphide ore;
•Gold recovery post milling by flotation and occurs within a preferred host unit within the gneissic package.  Post mineralisation faulting has separated the once continuous ore zone, with open pits developed on each of the fault bounded blocks.concentrate leach; and
•Conventional tailings deposition.

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125
LA COLOSA
Property description
La Colosa is wholly-owned and managed by AngloGold Ashanti. It is currently in force majeure due to delays in granting environmental permits by national and local environmental authorities and, as a result, the project remains on hold. La Colosa is an exploration stage project with no Mineral Reserve declared. However, open pit mining (with potentially some underground mining) is the preferred mining method.

The La Colosa project is currently at an early project stage and has identified a number of Contentspossible technical options all of which are capital intensive. The most recent one year grant of force majeure, during which time the specified timelines for completing the various phases of the mining project under the concession contract are suspended, will expire on 22 June 2023.

Location
The project is located 150km west of Bogotá, and 30km west of the major town of Ibagué, which is the capital of the Tolima Department. Ibagué is the location of local government entities monitoring the project.

Mineralisation style
La Colosa is a large porphyry Au deposit located on the eastern flank of the Central Cordillera of Colombia. Mineralisation is exposed on the surface. The La Colosa site contains an intrusive complex with two magmatic centers known as the La Colosa and San Antonio porphyry stocks, hosted by schistose country rocks. The complex is present over a map area of 3.5km2 and includes a series of porphyry intrusions with compositions ranging from diorite to tonalite. The predominant type of hydrothermal alteration in the early porphyries is moderately intense potassic alteration (secondary biotite+K-feldspar). Pyrite is the most abundant sulphide, followed by pyrrhotite, which is commonly found close to the contacts with the country rocks. Gold mineralisation at La Colosa occurs predominantly as native gold and electrum. Sub-microscopic gold has been observed in sulphides (pyrite, due to its abundance) and iron oxide (magnetite-hematite).

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Colombia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Currently, the project has field infrastructure that supports access to the Mineral Resource with roads, accommodation, and office and surface infrastructure for pre-logging and organisation of the drilling core. There is a core shed facility in the city of Ibagué where geological and geotechnical logging was performed in the past.

Mineral processing
The project is currently at an early stage. However, flotation of sulphide ore is being considered as a treatment option.

QUEBRADONA
Property description
The Quebradona project is wholly-owned and managed by AngloGold Ashanti and comprises the Nuevo Chaquiro deposit, a significant copper-gold porphyry. The project was previously a joint venture between AngloGold Ashanti and B2Gold. It completed a conceptual study in 2016 as well as a pre-feasibility study in 2018, which supported first-time reporting of a Mineral Reserve. When B2Gold’s participation dropped below five percent during 2019, AngloGold Ashanti became the 100 percent owner and manager of the project. B2Gold will be entitled to a royalty equal to two percent of the net profit generated from the sale of any mineral product by the project.

Quebradona will be a copper mine with gold and silver as by-products and is at a development stage. The preferred mining method is sub-level caving to extract the mineral deposit from underground. While the permits for the construction and mining operation had been approved by the relevant mining authority (Secretaría de Minas de Antioquia), the national environmental authority (Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales or “ANLA”) archived AngloGold Ashanti's environmental licence application relating to the Quebradona project in November 2021. AngloGold Ashanti is in the process of preparing a new Environmental Impact Assessment for the Quebradona project to submit to ANLA in connection with its environmental licence application.

Location
The Quebradona project is situated in the Middle Cauca region of Colombia, in the Department of Antioquia, 90km southwest (104km commute via the national highway) of Medellín, the capital of the Antioquia Department.





126

Mineralisation style
Five main targets have been identified in the exploration work, namely Nuevo Chaquiro, Aurora, Tenedor, Isabela, and La Sola. Nuevo Chaquiro is the most advanced and the sole mineral deposit considered in the feasibility study and licensing process. Nuevo Chaquiro, a significant copper-gold porphyry-style mineralised system, is one of five known porphyry centres on the property and has been the focus of exploration activities since the beginning of 2011 with more than 75km of drilling. Quebradona will be a copper mine with gold and silver as by-products.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Colombia—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
The Quebradona project site is close to an existing national highway, as well as state and rural roads, and high or medium voltage power infrastructure. The planned underground infrastructure consists of twin adits to access the orebody and number of internal vertical ore passes that gravity feeds to the main ore transfer level. The material will be transferred to a centralised (underground) crusher by load and haul dump vehicles.

Crushed material will then be transferred downhill to surface via a 6km conveyor, through a dedicated adit to a single coarse ore stockpile.

Mineral processing
Feasibility study test work confirmed that the ore will be treated by a typical porphyry copper flotation circuit producing copper and gold concentrate from the processing of approximately 6.2Mtpa of underground ore over a 23-year operating period. Ore extracted from the sub-level cave is crushed underground where tramp metal is removed before loading onto the underground conveyor system for delivery to the surface processing coarse ore stockpile with a 24-hour live capacity (approximately 21,300t).

The feasibility study proposes a processing circuit that includes primary crushing underground, secondary crushing, high pressure grinding rolls, ball milling, rougher-scavenger flotation for all elements (copper, gold, silver as well as pyrite), followed by regrinding of the concentrate and cleaning using a mix of column and mechanically agitated cells. The majority of the pyrite in the ore reports to the cleaner circuit tails and will be stored in a lined and eventually sealed impoundment within the TSF to avoid any potential acid rock drainage from the bulk high volume rougher tails. Molybdenum is present in the ore and is not planned for recovery in the initial stages of production.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (NEVADA)
All projects are exploration stage properties wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti. The Silicon project is located approximately 12km east of the town of Beatty in Nye County, Nevada, USA. The North Bullfrog project is located approximately 14km northwest of the town of Beatty. The Mother Lode project is located 10km east of the town of Beatty. The Secret Pass and Daisy deposits of the Sterling project are located 6km east of the town of Beatty. The remaining deposits of the Sterling project are located 14km southeast of the town of Beatty.

North Bullfrog and Mother Lode were acquired through the acquisition of Corvus Gold in January 2022. Sterling, which includes the Crown Block deposits of SNA, Secret Pass and Daisy, was acquired through the acquisition of Coeur Sterling in November 2022. The addition of the North Bullfrog project as well as the Mother Lode and Sterling projects into the AngloGold Ashanti North America portfolio, together with the Silicon project and other exploration targets, provides the opportunity to develop a world-class operational cluster within the Beatty district in Nevada.

The North Bullfrog project is the most advanced of AngloGold Ashanti’s exploration properties within the Beatty district, an area with a long history of gold mining. A first-time Mineral Resource at Silicon was declared in 2021. North Bullfrog, Mother Lode and Sterling declared Mineral Resource for the first time in 2022. The North Bullfrog project is currently progressing through a feasibility study, while the Silicon project is progressing through a pre-feasibility study.

NORTH BULLFROG
Property description
The North Bullfrog project is an exploration stage property wholly-owned and managed by AngloGold Ashanti. North Bullfrog is currently progressing through a feasibility study. The proposed mining method is conventional open pit mining. No Mineral Reserve has been declared at North Bullfrog.




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An additional geotechnical study is underway for feasibility study level pit design slope recommendations. The blast fragmentation size is another area of opportunity to deliver improved value in heap leach ROM ore recovery. The mining rate is an area of notable opportunity, as are selectivity studies.

Further metallurgical testing will be needed during operation to ensure that ore is routed to the correct processing option. The study and definition of the unoxidised mineralised zones below the current mine plan are a significant opportunity and will add value if they are found to be sufficiently amenable to the process flowsheets available in the North Bullfrog project.

Location
The North Bullfrog project is located approximately 14km northwest of the town of Beatty in Nye County, Nevada, USA. The project is within the Bullfrog Hills subdistrict, of the Bullfrog Hills-Bare Mountains District.The Bullfrog Hills-Bare Mountains District is an historic mining centre that produced approximately 3Moz of gold and 4Moz of silver, primarily from the Barrick-owned Bullfrog pit.

Mineralisation style
The project lays within the Walker Lane mineral belt and the Southwestern Nevada Volcanic Field ("SWNVF"). The regional stratigraphy includes a basement of Late Proterozoic to Late Paleozoic metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. The North Bullfrog project is a combination of four mineralised deposits comprised of YellowJacket, Sierra Blanca, Jolly Jane, and Mayflower. The YellowJacket deposit is a very continuous high-grade vein within the moderate-grade stockwork mineralisation. The other three deposits are low to medium-grade.

Gold mineralisation at North Bullfrog is primarily hosted in the middle Miocene Sierra Blanca tuff. Two styles of precious metal epithermal mineralisation are present at the project: high-grade, structurally controlled fissure veins and associated stockwork zones, and low-grade disseminated or replacement deposits within altered volcanic rocks. Two district-scale north striking normal faults are the dominant structural features in the project area, but several smaller-scale faults between them are important controls for distribution of hydrothermal alteration and gold mineralisation.

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—United States of America (Nevada)—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Currently, there is minimal infrastructure on-site, as it is an exploration area. Current access roads are unsealed and will require upgrading prior to commencing the project. The North Bullfrog project is in Nevada, which has several large mining operations currently in production, and as such provides access to all required major mining and processing equipment. The transport infrastructure in Nevada is very well established and maintained.

The town of Beatty and urban centres in the region such as Pahrump and Las Vegas offer infrastructure and services that can support the operation.

Mineral processing
Processing will include heap leaching of lower grade oxide ores that have demonstrated amenability to this process during metallurgical characterisation programs. Higher grade material containing some coarse gold will be processed in a mill. The leached tails from the mill will be dewatered and combined with heap leach material delivered from the mine.

SILICON
Property description
The Silicon project is an exploration stage property wholly-owned and managed by AngloGold Ashanti. Mineral Resource conversion drilling was a focus during 2022, which supported an ongoing pre-feasibility study. The nature of the Silicon mineralisation lends itself to conventional large scale open pit mining. No Mineral Reserve has been declared at Silicon.

Location
The Silicon project is located approximately 12km east of the town of Beatty in Nye County, Nevada, USA. The project is within the Bare Mountains subdistrict, of the Bullfrog Hills-Bare Mountains District.



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OREMineralisation style
The project resides within the southern extension of the Walker Lane trend and overlies the far-western margins of the SWNVF. The main mineralisation event occurred at approximately 11.6Ma in the hiatus between large scale ignimbrite events, in apparent association with rhyolitic volcanism. There is a strong structural control to the higher-grade mineralisation, with it being centred on the Silicon-Tramway faults. Lower-grade disseminated gold mineralisation is hosted in a rhyolite flow ascribed to the rhyolite of Picture Rock. Actual gold deposition appears to have occurred under less acidic and low to intermediate sulphidation conditions. Mineralisation at Silicon exhibits a strong vertical control and is strongly associated with the emplacement of hydrothermal breccias and banded epithermal veins. Pre-existing subvertical faults, particularly centred on the Silicon-Tramway fault system, strongly controlled the emplacement of the quartz ± pyrite veinlet zones. Disseminated adularia-quartz-pyrite mineralisation is a second-order stratigraphic feature and is closely associated with a favourable lava flow unit within the approximately 14Ma rhyolite of Picture Rock.

Legal aspects and tenure

Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—United States of America (Nevada)—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
The Silicon project area currently has minimal infrastructure on site, as it is an exploration area. Current access roads are unsealed and will require upgrading prior to commencing the project. The scope of the Silicon project is similar to several large mining operations currently in production, and existing suppliers are well established in Nevada to support mining and processing operations. The transport infrastructure in Nevada is very well established and maintained.

The town of Beatty and urban centres in the region such as Pahrump and Las Vegas offer infrastructure and services that can support the operation.

Mineral processing
Mineralised rock from the Silicon project will be processed on heap leach pads. Material found to be amenable to leaching at coarse sizes will be delivered directly to the pad from the mine for leaching (ROM heap leaching). Deeper, less weathered mineralised rock that was found to be more sensitive to the particle size will be crushed as needed to improve the production from the leach facility.

MOTHER LODE
Property description
The Mother Lode project is an exploration stage property wholly-owned and managed by AngloGold Ashanti. A preliminary economic assessment was completed by Corvus Gold in 2020, resulting in the declaration of a Mineral Resource. AngloGold Ashanti acquired Corvus Gold in January 2022. The Mother Lode gold deposits contain mineralisation at or near the surface that is suitable for open pit mining methods. No Mineral Reserve has been declared at Mother Lode.

Location
The Mother Lode project is located approximately 10km east of the town of Beatty in Nye County, Nevada, USA. The project is within the Bare Mountains subdistrict, of the Bullfrog Hills-Bare Mountains District.

Mineralisation style
The project lies within the Walker Lane mineral belt and the SWNVF. Mother Lode is characterised as a sediment, intrusive and locally volcanic-hosted disseminated gold deposit. Mineralisation most closely resembles Carlin-type sediment-hosted gold deposits of north-central Nevada. Mother Lode consists of structurally and stratigraphically-controlled disseminated gold mineralisation hosted primarily in rhyolite porphyry dykes, sedimentary rocks of Joshua Hollow, and to a lesser degree, Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. The primary structural control feeding mineralisation at Mother Lode is a series of north-trending, 50° to 70° west-dipping rhyolite dyke-filled structures. Mineralisation is both semi-tabular and highly irregular as fluids ascended along dyke-filled structures in the underlying Paleozoic rocks through the Tertiary unconformity and expanded upward into the Tertiary section. Mineralising fluids appear to have bled out laterally away from mineralised dykes into favourable permeable lithologies and secondary structures.






129

Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—United States of America (Nevada)—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
The Mother Lode project area currently has minimal infrastructure on-site, as it is an exploration area with a reclaimed overburden facility and a small open pit. Current access roads are unsealed and will require upgrading prior to commencing the project. The Mother Lode project is in Nevada, which has several large mining operations currently in production, and as such provides access to all required major mining and processing equipment. The transport infrastructure in Nevada is very well established and maintained.

The town of Beatty and urban centres in the region such as Pahrump and Las Vegas offer infrastructure and services that can support the operation.

Mineral processing
Previous operations included crushing and heap leaching of oxide ores from the Mother Lode pit. Mineralised material from the expanded pit will be processed either without crushing on a heap leach pad (oxidised material) or in a mill using agitated tank bio-oxidation and cyanidation (sulphide). Although the sulphide mineral samples responded well to this method, additional work will need to be done to ensure that bio-oxidation is the most appropriate pre-oxidation process for this project.

STERLING
Property description
The Sterling project is an exploration stage property, wholly-owned and managed by AngloGold Ashanti. In November 2022, AngloGold Ashanti acquired the Sterling project through its acquisition of Coeur Sterling. The Sterling project includes the Crown Block deposits of SNA, Secret Pass and Daisy, and the tenements surrounding the properties. The elevation of the operation is around 1,200m, on the lower, eastern slopes of Bare Mountain. The local terrain is characterised by rounded or craggy ridges separated by ephemeral washes. The northern “Crown” strip comprises the general area of Fluorspar Canyon. No Mineral Reserve has been declared at Sterling.

Open pit mining of the Sterling mine deposit began in 1980 and continued until 1989. Underground mining began in 1980 and proceeded until mid-1997 when market conditions impacted profitability. The Crown deposits contain mineralisation at or near the surface that is suitable for open pit mining methods.

The Mineral Resource is based on estimates that contain inherent risk and depend upon geological interpretation and statistical inferences drawn from drilling and sampling analyses. Based on uncertainty due to geological interpretation from widespread drill hole information, an Inferred Mineral Resource confidence was applied to all of the Sterling Mineral Resource. Further Mineral Resource drilling and appropriate analyses will be required to upgrade the confidence to an Indicated Mineral Resource.

Location
The Sterling property is situated in southern Nye County, Nevada, near the town of Beatty, about 185 km northwest of Las Vegas. The project is within the Bare Mountains subdistrict, of the Bullfrog Hills-Bare Mountains District. The Secret Pass and Daisy deposits of the Sterling project are located 6km east of the town of Beatty. The remaining deposits of the Sterling project are located 14km southeast of the town of Beatty.

Mineralisation style
The Sterling deposits are characterised as either epithermal deposits (Secret Pass) like the North Bullfrog and Silicon deposits or Carlin type deposits (Daisy, Sterling and SNA). The Carlin-type deposits are sediment-hosted, disseminated precious metal deposits, found in the Great Basin province of eastern Nevada which formed during profound crustal extension and high heat flow beginning in the mid-Tertiary (approximately 35Ma to 40Ma).

Sterling is typical of sediment-hosted, disseminated precious metal deposits also termed Carlin-type deposits. Gold occurs in the rims of microscopic arsenian pyrite grains. Significant mineralisation occurs in:
•Gouge or breccia in the Reudy Fault zone and locally along the dyke margin;
•Adjacent to the fault (on both sides) in Bonanza King silty dolostone or dolostone, and to a lesser degree in underlying Carrara silty limestone or limestone (proximity to the Reudy Fault is not requisite for mineralisation); and
•In hydrothermal breccias derived from the above lithologies.




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Legal aspects and tenure
Refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—United States of America (Nevada)—AngloGold Ashanti’s rights and permits”.

Processing plants and other available facilities
Sterling is accessible by road from Las Vegas, a distance of 185km via U.S. Highway 95. A good secondary, 13km long gravel road turns off the north side of the highway at mile 45.9, 24km southeast of the town of Beatty. The gravel road is maintained by Nye County and Sterling personnel. Las Vegas is the nearest major airport. Mine buildings consist of several trailers used for office work, geological research and logging, sample preparation (during mining), and personnel facilities. A large steel container is used to securely store 144 Zone drill core, pulps, and rejects. There is also a large mechanical shop for on-site maintenance of equipment and vehicles. Electrical power is provided by a generator on-site. The mine has no living quarters or canteen and is currently on care and maintenance.

The town of Beatty and urban centres in the region such as Pahrump and Las Vegas offer infrastructure and services that can support the operation.

Mineral processing
Previous processing included heap leaching the oxidised Sterling mine ore. After mine production ceased, the heap leach pad continued to be turned over until October 2001, with additional ore from a low-grade stockpile added in early 2001. Gold recovery continued until August 2002 when a final strip was carried out. Mineralised material from the Crown deposits will be processed either without crushing on a heap leach pad (oxidised material) or in a mill using agitated tank bio-oxidation and cyanidation (sulphide).


MINERAL RESOURCE AND MINERAL RESERVE

The combined ProvenIn October 2018, the United States Securities and Probable gold Ore ReserveExchange Commission (“SEC”) adopted Subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR § 229.1300) (“Regulation S-K 1300”), along with amendments to related rules and guidance, in order to modernise the group amountedproperty disclosure requirements for mining registrants under the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act. Registrants engaged in mining operations were required to 29.5 million ounces (Moz) as at 31 December 2020. The Probable copper Ore Reservecomply with the final rules of Regulation S-K 1300 for the group amounted to 3,105 million pounds (Mlb) as at 31 December 2020 (amounts providedfirst fiscal year beginning on or after 1 January 2021. Accordingly, this is the second fiscal year in Ore Reserve are attributable.)which the Company is providing disclosure in compliance with Regulation S-K 1300.

OreMineral Resource and Mineral Reserve are estimates are reported in accordance with the requirements of the SEC’s Industry Guide 7. Accordingly, as of the date of reporting, all Ore Reserve is plannedthat contain inherent risk and depend upon geological interpretation and statistical inferences drawn from drilling and sampling analysis, which may prove to be mined out underunreliable. For additional information on the life-of-mine plans within the period ofrisks and uncertainties associated with AngloGold Ashanti’s existing rights to mine, or within the renewal periods of AngloGold Ashanti’s rights to mine. In addition, as of the date of reporting, all Ore Reserve is covered by required mining permits or there is a high probability that these approvals will be secured.properties, see “Item 3D: Risk Factors".

AngloGold Ashanti has standard procedures for the estimation of Ore Reserve. These standard procedures are performed by experienced technical personnel at the mining operations and reviewed by regional and corporate Competent Persons.

Price assumptions
The underground OreMineral Resource and Mineral Reserve determination isare based on an automated software process called MSO (Mineable Shape Optimiser)the use of reasonable economic assumptions which isprovide a feature withinreasonable basis for establishing the Datamine software package. MSO runs over the grade block model and usesreasonable prospects of economic and mining parameters set by the mining engineer to produce optimal mining volumes which maximiseextraction for the Mineral Resource, extraction. The process runs above a cut-off and caters for practical mining parameters such as minimum and maximum mining width, anticipated wall dilutions, minimum and maximum wall angles, minimum separation distances between parallel and sub-parallel stopes, and minimum and maximum stope heights and widths. The outputs are evaluated byestablishing the mining engineer and adjusted as required to ensure mineability. The process uses all classifications of material, but onlyexpected price for the Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource portions are used to quote the Ore Reserve. A financial test is run whereby all Inferred Mineral Resource is set to zero value and the remaining Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource must still provide a positive financial return.

In the case of open-pit mines the procedure is as follows: revenue and costs are calculated for each mining block within a three-dimensional model of the ore body using estimated values for gold price, operating costs and metallurgical recoveries. An optimization process is then applied to determine the combination of blocks within the model that make a positive contribution under these estimations. Block selection is within a shell whose limits are defined by the planned slope angles of the pit. Within this process, a cut-off grade is applied which determines the ore blocks to be treated and included in the Ore Reserve. These blocks are scheduled with consideration being given to practical mining constraints and limitations. Scheduled ore blocks that are classified as Proven or Probable constitute the Ore Reserve.

The goldeconomic assumptions, which include long-range commodity price, used for determining the 2020 and 2019 Ore Reserve are outlined in the following table:
202020202019

Units
(3 year
average)		(Ore
Reserve)		(3 year
average)
Ore Reserve Gold Price1,479 1,200 1,307 $ per ounce  

The copper price used for determining the 2020 and 2019 Ore Reserve are outlined in the following table:
202020202019
Units
(3 year
average)		(Ore
Reserve)		(3 year
average)
Ore Reserve Copper Price2.82 2.65 2.83 $ per pound  

The SEC test indicates all of the SAMREC Ore Reserve, apart from the CVSA operation, is economic and meets the requirements of the SEC. The CVSA SEC Reserve is 0.20Moz less than the SAMREC Ore Reserve due to the hyperinflation of the ARS rate where the three-year average exchange rate forecasts and management estimates using a range of 49.46 is much lower than the AGA planning exchange rate (based on the last year's rates only) of 99.69.

techniques including historic price averages, are prepared in-house and reviewed annually. AngloGold Ashanti selects a conservative OreMineral Reserve price relative to its peers, in line with AngloGold Ashanti’speers. This is done to fit into its strategy of including a margin in the mine planning process. The resultant plan is then valued at a higher business planning price.

In South Africa, AngloGold Ashanti is legally required to publicly report Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource according to the South African Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves (The SAMREC Code, 2016 edition). The SEC’s Industry Guide 7 does not recognise Mineral Resource. Accordingly, AngloGold Ashanti does not report estimates of Mineral Resource in this annual report on Form 20-F.




109131
Gold:Gold price
The following gold prices were used as the basis for estimation, unless otherwise stated:
Local prices of gold(1)
Gold price(1)
AustraliaBrazilArgentinaColombia
$/ozAUD/ozBRL/ozARS/ozCOP/oz
Mineral Reserve
20221,4001,9197,830208,0004,261,380
20211,2001,6336,182134,4523,849,000
Mineral Resource
20221,7502,4169,401253,5006,076,725
20211,5002,0727,940173,0655,336,250

Copper price
The following copper prices(2) were used as the basis for estimation, unless otherwise stated:
Copper price(1)(2)
Local price of copper(1)(2)
$/lbCOP/lb
Mineral Reserve
20222.909,302
20212.909,302
Mineral Resource
20223.5012,451
20213.5012,451

Notes:
(1) Considered over the period 2012 to 2022.
(2) Only applicable to the Quebradona project.

The Mineral Resource, as reported, is exclusive(1) of the Mineral Reserve component. Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve estimates are reported as at 31 December 2022 and are net of 2022 production depletion.

MINERAL RESOURCE

Gold

The AngloGold Ashanti Oregold Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource(exclusive of Mineral Reserve reduced(*)) increased from 43.8Moz51.7Moz as at 31 December 2021 to 60.6Moz as at 31 December 2022. The net increase of 8.8Moz for Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource includes 3.6Moz in relation to the first-time reporting of the Mineral Resource for North Bullfrog and Mother Lode (following the Corvus Gold acquisition). Increases due to changes in economic assumptions of 1.3Moz, and exploration and modelling changes of 6.6Moz were partially offset by other factors of 2.7Moz.

The AngloGold Ashanti gold Inferred Mineral Resource(exclusive of Mineral Reserve(*)) decreased from 42.3Moz as at 31 December 20192021 to 29.5Moz in40.8Moz as at 31 December 2020. This gross annual2022. The net decrease of 14.3Moz1.6Moz for Inferred Mineral Resource includes depletiondecreases due to exploration and modelling changes of 3.4Moz,3.1Moz and disposalother factors of assets1.3Moz. This decrease was partially offset by an increase of 1.5Moz in relation to the South African regionfirst-time reporting of the Mineral Resource for North Bullfrog, Mother Lode and SadiolaSterling (following the Corvus Gold and Coeur Sterling acquisitions), and changes in economic assumptions of 16.7Moz.1.3Moz.

The Mineral Resource was estimated using a gold price of $1,750/oz, unless otherwise stated (2021: $1,500/oz). Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (b) of Item 1303 of Regulation S-K.

Copper

The AngloGold Ashanti copper Mineral Resource(exclusive of Mineral Reserve(*)) remained unchanged at 1.32Mt (2,902Mlb) Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource and 1.47Mt (3,231Mlb) Inferred Mineral Resource as at 31 December 2022 as compared to 31 December 2021, as a feasibility study optimisation is still ongoing and no



132

additional exploration has been completed at Quebradona. The Mineral Resource was estimated at a copper price of $3.50/lb, unless otherwise stated (2021: $3.50/lb). Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (b) of Item 1303 of Regulation S-K.

MINERAL RESERVE

Gold

The AngloGold Ashanti gold Mineral Reserve increased from 28.1Moz as at 31 December 2021 to 28.8Moz as at 31 December 2022. This is offset partly byexcludes Gramalote, as the joint operation partner has decided not to publish the Mineral Reserve. This annual net increase of 0.7Moz includes additions due to exploration and modelling changes of 4.5Moz,2.9Moz and changes in economic assumptions of 1.0Moz1.0Moz. This increase was partially offset by depletion of 2.9Moz and reductions due to other factors of 0.3Moz.The OreMineral Reserve was estimated using the AngloGold Ashantia gold price of US$1,200/$1,400/oz, (2019: US$1,100/unless otherwise stated (2021: $1,200/oz). Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph (b) of Item 1303 of Regulation S-K.

Copper

The principal changes in AngloGold Ashanti’s OreAshanti copper Mineral Reserveremained unchanged at 1.47Mt (3,250Mlb) as at 31 December 2020,2022 as compared with those published as atto 31 December 2019, are2021, as follows:a feasibility study optimisation is still ongoing and no additional exploration has been completed at Quebradona. The Mineral Reserve was estimated at a copper price of $2.90/lb, unless otherwise stated (2021: $2.90/lb). Refer to the below table, prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph (b) of Item 1303 of Regulation S-K.

ORE RESERVE - GOLDNotes:
(*) The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the Inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.

Moz
Ore Reserve as at 31 December 201943.8
DisposalsMponeng(11.0)
Vaal River Surface(2.1)
Mine Waste Solutions(1.9)
West Wits Surface(0.2)
Sadiola(1.6)
Sub Total27
Depletions(3.4)
Sub Total23.6
AdditionsDue To
ObuasiUpdated Mineral Resource models based on new exploration results.1.8
GeitaExploration success at Nyamulilima and the completion of an economic study to start up this new Open Pit.1.4
KibaliExploration success.0.5
IduapriemIncreased Ore Reserve price and operational improvements.0.5
AGA MineraçãoExploration and increased Ore Reserve price countered by geological model changes at VQZ and SER.0.4
SiguiriExploration success.0.4
Serra GrandeNew exchange rate, gold price and cost reduction.0.4
CVSAExploration, methodology, price and cost countered by geotechnical changes.0.2
Sunrise DamExploration success.0.3
OtherAdditions less than 0.3Moz.0.1 
Sub Total29.6
Reductions
OtherReductions less than 0.3Moz.(0.1)
Ore Reserve as at 31 December 202029.5

Copper:
133

The below table is prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (b) of Item 1303 of Regulation S-K - Summary Mineral Resource(1) (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for gold at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on an estimated gold price of $1,750/oz, unless otherwise stated.
Mineral Resource (1)
MeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated TotalInferred
Gold
Tonnes (3)
GradeContained Gold
Tonnes (3)
GradeContained Gold
Tonnes (3)
GradeContained Gold
Tonnes (3)
GradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022Milliong/tTonnesMozMilliong/tTonnesMozMilliong/tTonnesMozMilliong/tTonnesMoz
Africa Region11.14 4.23 47.19 1.52 259.42 1.93 499.44 16.06 270.57 2.02 546.63 17.57 201.72 3.01 607.95 19.55 
Democratic Republic of the Congo7.22 3.18 22.97 0.74 22.15 2.64 58.44 1.88 29.37 2.77 81.41 2.62 13.16 2.61 34.43 1.11 
Kibali (45 %)(2)(9)(13)
7.22 3.18 22.97 0.74 22.15 2.64 58.44 1.88 29.37 2.77 81.41 2.62 13.16 2.61 34.43 1.11 
Ghana2.12 7.89 16.72 0.54 82.17 2.94 241.81 7.77 84.28 3.07 258.53 8.31 73.25 5.27 385.68 12.40 
Iduapriem(13)
0.15 0.89 0.14 — 54.50 1.36 74.21 2.39 54.66 1.36 74.35 2.39 33.45 1.42 47.52 1.53 
Obuasi(13)(14)
1.96 8.44 16.59 0.53 27.66 6.06 167.59 5.39 29.63 6.22 184.18 5.92 39.80 8.50 338.17 10.87 
Guinea— — — — 114.79 1.02 117.24 3.77 114.79 1.02 117.24 3.77 79.10 1.16 92.13 2.96 
Siguiri (85 %)(2)(13)
— — — — 114.79 1.02 117.24 3.77 114.79 1.02 117.24 3.77 79.10 1.16 92.13 2.96 
Tanzania1.80 4.15 7.50 0.24 40.32 2.03 81.96 2.63 42.12 2.12 89.45 2.88 36.21 2.64 95.71 3.08 
Geita(13)
1.80 4.15 7.50 0.24 40.32 2.03 81.96 2.63 42.12 2.12 89.45 2.88 36.21 2.64 95.71 3.08 
Americas Region16.88 4.20 70.94 2.28 41.41 2.77 114.85 3.69 58.29 3.19 185.78 5.97 61.85 3.57 220.98 7.10 
Argentina4.82 2.88 13.89 0.45 17.49 2.23 39.09 1.26 22.31 2.37 52.98 1.70 5.00 2.35 11.74 0.38 
Cerro Vanguardia (92.5 %)(2)(4)(13)
4.82 2.88 13.89 0.45 17.49 2.23 39.09 1.26 22.31 2.37 52.98 1.70 5.00 2.35 11.74 0.38 
Brazil12.06 4.73 57.05 1.83 23.92 3.17 75.76 2.44 35.98 3.69 132.80 4.27 56.85 3.68 209.24 6.73 
AGA Mineração - Córrego do Sítio(13)
3.07 3.31 10.18 0.33 7.92 3.19 25.24 0.81 10.99 3.22 35.42 1.14 20.46 3.94 80.63 2.59 
AGA Mineração - Cuiabá(5)(13)
4.17 7.66 31.96 1.03 2.73 5.83 15.93 0.51 6.91 6.93 47.89 1.54 12.56 4.95 62.20 2.00 
AGA Mineração - Lamego(5)(13)
1.18 2.92 3.44 0.11 3.05 1.98 6.05 0.19 4.23 2.24 9.49 0.31 4.56 2.12 9.65 0.31 
Serra Grande(13)
3.63 3.15 11.46 0.37 10.21 2.79 28.54 0.92 13.85 2.89 40.01 1.29 19.26 2.95 56.76 1.82 
Australia Region38.85 1.44 55.96 1.80 30.58 1.58 48.40 1.56 69.44 1.50 104.36 3.36 55.36 2.25 124.79 4.01 
Sunrise Dam(13)
20.31 1.64 33.27 1.07 22.79 1.56 35.60 1.14 43.09 1.60 68.87 2.21 29.28 2.02 59.19 1.90 
Butcher Well (70 %)(2)(11)
— — — — — — — — — — — — 3.06 3.49 10.67 0.34 
Tropicana (70 %)(2)(13)
18.55 1.22 22.69 0.73 7.79 1.64 12.80 0.41 26.34 1.35 35.49 1.14 23.02 2.39 54.93 1.77 
Projects98.19 0.40 38.96 1.25 1,311.77 0.77 1,007.67 32.40 1,409.96 0.74 1,046.63 33.65 682.59 0.46 314.29 10.10 
Colombia45.15 0.37 16.93 0.54 1,071.76 0.78 838.58 26.96 1,116.91 0.77 855.51 27.51 558.94 0.44 244.17 7.85 
Gramalote (50 %)(2)(10)(11)
— — — — 89.36 0.70 62.38 2.01 89.36 0.70 62.38 2.01 35.11 0.53 18.67 0.60 
La Colosa(7)(11)
— — — — 833.49 0.87 726.31 23.35 833.49 0.87 726.31 23.35 217.89 0.71 154.86 4.98 
Quebradona(4)(6)(8)(12)
45.15 0.37 16.93 0.54 148.91 0.34 49.89 1.60 194.06 0.34 66.82 2.15 305.94 0.23 70.64 2.27 
United States of America53.04 0.42 22.04 0.71 240.01 0.70 169.09 5.44 293.05 0.65 191.12 6.14 123.65 0.57 70.13 2.25 
North Bullfrog(4)(11)
28.71 0.24 6.77 0.22 82.54 0.37 30.18 0.97 111.25 0.33 36.95 1.19 44.35 0.25 11.07 0.36 
Silicon(4)(11)
— — — — 121.56 0.87 105.90 3.40 121.56 0.87 105.90 3.40 36.03 0.70 25.23 0.81 
Mother Lode(4)(8)(11)
24.33 0.63 15.26 0.49 35.91 0.92 33.01 1.06 60.24 0.80 48.28 1.55 9.86 0.55 5.39 0.17 
Sterling(11)(15)
— — — — — — — — — — — — 33.41 0.85 28.43 0.91 
AngloGold Ashanti Total165.06 1.29 213.05 6.85 1,643.18 1.02 1,670.35 53.70 1,808.25 1.04 1,883.40 60.55 1,001.52 1.27 1,268.02 40.77 



134


Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. The Mineral Resource estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by the Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti Ore Reserve increased from 1.39Mt (3,068Mlb) in December 2019 to 1.41Mt (3,105Mlb) in December 2020. This gross annual increase of 0.02Mt due to optimisationunless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Resource at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year will be detailed for material properties, if applicable. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
(1) All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”)
is defined as the inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied. (2) Mineral Resource attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
(3) "Tonnes" refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
(4) The inclusive Mineral Resource contains 81.7Moz of silver for Cerro Vanguardia; 92.9Moz of silver for Quebradona; 6.0Moz of silver for North Bullfrog;
17.8Moz of silver for Silicon and 1.9Moz of silver for Mother Lode as a by-product.
(5) The inclusive Mineral Resource contains 1.60 million tonnes of sulphur as a by-product for AGA Mineração - Cuiabá and Lamego.
(6) The inclusive Mineral Resource contains 89.3 kilotonnes of molybdenum as a potential by-product.
(7) Based on a gold price of $1,400/oz.
(8) Based on a gold price of $1,500/oz.
(9) Operated by Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick"). AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Qualified Persons have, relied on information provided by Barrick. Based on a gold price of $1,700/oz. (10) Managed by B2Gold Corp. Based on a gold price of $1,800/oz.
(11) Property currently in an exploration stage.
(12) Property currently in a development stage.
(13) Property currently in a production levels. stage.
(14) Open pit based on a gold price of $1,600/oz.
(15) Based on a gold price of $1,700/oz.

The Ore Reserve was estimatedbelow table is prepared in accordance with Table 1 to Paragraph (b) of Item 1303 of Regulation S-K - Summary Mineral Resource(1) (exclusive of Mineral Reserve) for copper at the AngloGold Ashantiend of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on an estimated copper price of US$2.65/$3.50/lb, (2019: US$2.65/lb).unless otherwise stated.

ORE RESERVE - COPPERMtMlb
Ore Reserve as at 31 December 20191.39 3,068 
AdditionsDue To
QuebradonaResults of the Mineral Resource estimation and mine plan update for the Feasibility study.0.02 37 
Ore Reserve as at 31 December 20201.41 3,105 
Mineral Resource (1)
MeasuredIndicatedMeasured and Indicated TotalInferred
Copper
Tonnes (2)
GradeContained Copper
Tonnes (2)
GradeContained Copper
Tonnes (2)
GradeContained Copper
Tonnes (2)
GradeContained Copper
as at 31 December 2022Million%CuTonnes MillionPounds MillionMillion%CuTonnes MillionPounds MillionMillion%CuTonnes MillionPounds MillionMillion%CuTonnes MillionPounds Million
Americas Region45.15 0.69 0.31 684 148.91 0.68 1.01 2,218 194.06 0.68 1.32 2,902 305.94 0.48 1.47 3,231 
Colombia45.15 0.69 0.31 684 148.91 0.68 1.01 2,218 194.06 0.68 1.32 2,902 305.94 0.48 1.47 3,231 
Quebradona(3)(4)(5)
45.15 0.69 0.31 684 148.91 0.68 1.01 2,218 194.06 0.68 1.32 2,902 305.94 0.48 1.47 3,231 
AngloGold Ashanti Total45.15 0.69 0.31 684 148.91 0.68 1.01 2,218 194.06 0.68 1.32 2,902 305.94 0.48 1.47 3,231 

Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Resource tabulations. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti strivesreports tonnage and grade to actively create valuetwo decimals and content for copper with no decimals. “Mlb” refers to million pounds.(1) All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve. The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”)
is defined as the Inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.
(2) "Tonnes" refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
(3) The inclusive Mineral Resource contains 92.9Moz of silver as a by-product.
(4) The inclusive Mineral Resource contains 89.3 kilotonnes of molybdenum as a potential by-product.
(5) Property currently in a development stage.





135

The below table is prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph (b) of Item 1303 of Regulation S-K - Summary Mineral Reserve for gold at the end of the fiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on an estimated gold price of $1,400/oz, unless otherwise stated.
Mineral ReserveProvenProbableTotal Mineral Reserve
Gold
Tonnes (2)
GradeContained Gold
Tonnes (2)
GradeContained Gold
Tonnes (2)
GradeContained Gold
as at 31 December 2022Milliong/tTonnesMozMilliong/tTonnesMozMilliong/tTonnesMoz
Africa Region50.54 2.37 120.00 3.86 213.89 2.43 520.44 16.73 264.43 2.42 640.45 20.59 
Democratic Republic of the Congo14.49 3.47 50.33 1.62 29.17 3.15 91.86 2.95 43.67 3.26 142.19 4.57 
Kibali (45 %)(1)(5)(8)
14.49 3.47 50.33 1.62 29.17 3.15 91.86 2.95 43.67 3.26 142.19 4.57 
Ghana11.31 4.42 50.03 1.61 70.08 3.78 264.67 8.51 81.39 3.87 314.70 10.12 
Iduapriem(8)
6.84 1.07 7.30 0.23 48.83 1.39 68.00 2.19 55.67 1.35 75.30 2.42 
Obuasi(8)
4.47 9.55 42.73 1.37 21.25 9.26 196.67 6.32 25.72 9.31 239.40 7.70 
Guinea15.20 0.65 9.95 0.32 75.68 0.83 62.72 2.02 90.88 0.80 72.67 2.34 
Siguiri (85 %)(1)(8)
15.20 0.65 9.95 0.32 75.68 0.83 62.72 2.02 90.88 0.80 72.67 2.34 
Tanzania9.54 1.02 9.70 0.31 38.95 2.60 101.19 3.25 48.49 2.29 110.89 3.57 
Geita(8)
9.54 1.02 9.70 0.31 38.95 2.60 101.19 3.25 48.49 2.29 110.89 3.57 
Americas Region8.16 3.39 27.64 0.89 23.64 2.79 65.88 2.12 31.80 2.94 93.53 3.01 
Argentina2.22 3.20 7.11 0.23 9.16 1.75 16.00 0.51 11.38 2.03 23.11 0.74 
Cerro Vanguardia (92.5 %)(1)(3)(8)
2.22 3.20 7.11 0.23 9.16 1.75 16.00 0.51 11.38 2.03 23.11 0.74 
Brazil5.93 3.46 20.54 0.66 14.48 3.44 49.88 1.60 20.41 3.45 70.41 2.26 
AGA Mineração - Córrego do Sítio(8)
1.17 2.95 3.44 0.11 2.21 4.32 9.53 0.31 3.37 3.84 12.97 0.42 
AGA Mineração - Cuiabá(4)(8)
2.37 4.57 10.82 0.35 5.99 4.22 25.28 0.81 8.35 4.32 36.11 1.16 
AGA Mineração - Lamego(4)(8)
0.35 2.54 0.89 0.03 1.18 2.71 3.20 0.10 1.53 2.67 4.10 0.13 
Serra Grande(8)
2.05 2.63 5.38 0.17 5.10 2.32 11.86 0.38 7.15 2.41 17.24 0.55 
Australia Region21.96 1.54 33.88 1.09 22.30 2.15 47.88 1.54 44.26 1.85 81.76 2.63 
Sunrise Dam(8)
12.02 1.51 18.17 0.58 6.55 2.72 17.83 0.57 18.57 1.94 36.00 1.16 
Tropicana (70 %)(1)(8)
9.94 1.58 15.71 0.51 15.74 1.91 30.05 0.97 25.69 1.78 45.76 1.47 
Projects— — — — 120.01 0.67 80.83 2.60 120.01 0.67 80.83 2.60 
Colombia— — — — 120.01 0.67 80.83 2.60 120.01 0.67 80.83 2.60 
Quebradona(3)(6)(7)
— — — — 120.01 0.67 80.83 2.60 120.01 0.67 80.83 2.60 
AngloGold Ashanti Total80.66 2.25 181.53 5.84 379.84 1.88 715.03 22.99 460.49 1.95 896.56 28.83 

Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. The Mineral Reserve estimates with respect to our material properties have been prepared by growing its major assetthe Qualified Persons (employed by AngloGold Ashanti unless stated otherwise). The net difference between the Mineral Reserve at the end of the last completed fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year will be detailed for material properties, if applicable. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals. All ounces are Troy ounces. “Moz” refers to million ounces.
(1) Mineral Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
(2) "Tonnes" refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
(3) The Mineral Reserve contains 21.9Moz of silver for Cerro Vanguardia and 28.1Moz of silver for Quebradona to be recovered as a by-product.
(4) The Mineral Reserve contains 0.29 million tonnes of sulphur to be recovered as a by-product for AGA Mineração - Cuiabá and Lamego.



136

(5) Operated by Barrick. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report, the Ore Reserve. This drive isQualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick. Based on a gold price of $1,300/oz. Pamoa Main pit was based on a well-defined brownfieldsgold price of $1,400/oz and greenfields exploration programme, innovationPamoa South pit was based on a gold price of $1,500/oz. (6) Based on a gold price of $1,200/oz. (7) Property currently in both geological modelling and mine planning and optimization of its asset portfolio.a development stage.
(8) Property currently in a production stage.

The Orebelow table is prepared in accordance with Table 2 to Paragraph (b) of Item 1303 of Regulation S-K - Summary Mineral Reserve estimates in this document includefor copper at the Ore Reserve belowend of the current infrastructurefiscal year ended 31 December 2022, based on an estimated copper price of underground mines. These include mines in Ghana, Australia, Brazil and Colombia.
110
$2.90/lb, unless otherwise stated.

Sale of assets
Mineral ReserveProvenProbableTotal Mineral Reserve
Copper
Tonnes (1)
GradeContained Copper
Tonnes (1)
GradeContained Copper
Tonnes (1)
GradeContained Copper
as at 31 December 2022Million%CuTonnes MillionPounds MillionMillion%CuTonnes MillionPounds MillionMillion%CuTonnes MillionPounds Million
Americas Region— — — — 120.01 1.23 1.47 3,250 120.01 1.23 1.47 3,250 
Colombia— — — — 120.01 1.23 1.47 3,250 120.01 1.23 1.47 3,250 
Quebradona(2)(3)
— — — — 120.01 1.23 1.47 3,250 120.01 1.23 1.47 3,250 
AngloGold Ashanti Total— — — — 120.01 1.23 1.47 3,250 120.01 1.23 1.47 3,250 

Notes:
Rounding of numbers may result in computational discrepancies in the Mineral Reserve tabulations. To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti sold various assetsreports tonnage and grade to two decimals and content for copper with no decimals. “Mlb” refers to million pounds.(1) "Tonnes" refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms.
(2) The Mineral Reserve contains 28.1Moz of silver to be recovered as a by-product.
(3)Property currently in South African and Mali during 2020. On conclusion of the sales and after depletions for that period of 2020 the final Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve at the time of the sale are shown below:a development stage.

South Africa:
•Mponeng:        Mineral Resource        45.65Moz
Ore Reserve        10.94Moz
•
Surface Operations:    Mineral Resource        5.11Moz
Ore Reserve        4.16Moz
Mali:
•Sadiola:            Mineral Resource        3.32Moz
Ore Reserve        1.58Moz

By-products
137

BY-PRODUCTS
Several by-products willare expected to be recovered as a result of processing of the gold OreMineral Reserve and copper OreMineral Reserve. These include 0.41 million tonnes0.29Mt of sulphur from Brazil, 23.89Moz21.9Moz of silver from Argentina and 26.19Moz28.1Moz of silver from Colombia. Molybdenum, at present, is not planned for recovery.recovery at Quebradona. The Quebradona process plant will behas been designed to treat approximately 6.2Mtpa underground ore and to produce copper concentrate over a 23-year mine life with provision of space in the plant site for a molybdenum plant in the future.

External reviews ofCORPORATE GOVERNANCE
AngloGold Ashanti has an established Mineral Resource and OreMineral Reserve StatementLeadership Team ("RRLT") that is responsible for setting and overseeing its Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve governance framework, and for ensuring that it meets the Company’s goals and objectives while complying with all relevant regulatory codes.

Over more thanThe Audit and Risk Committee as well as the Investment Committee of the Company’s board of directors ("board"), review the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve and make a decade,recommendation to the Companyboard, which provides the final approval for the publication of the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve estimates.

AngloGold Ashanti has developed and implemented a rigorous system of internal and external reviews aimed at providing assurance in respect of Ore ReserveMineral Resource and Mineral ResourceReserve estimates. In 2022, the following operations and projects were subject to an external review on the basis that each operation or project will be reviewed by an independent third-party on average once every three years:

Due to the travel restrictions around COVID-19 the internal reviews could not take place on site but were instead conducted as desk top reviews. The same restriction meant that the external audits could not take place either. With the scope of work for these audits requiring a site visit it was not possible to conduct them remotely. The internal policy requirement of auditing all operations on an average of once every three years will be met by an increased number of audits in 2021.•    Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve at Geita;
•    Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve at Cerro Vanguardia; and
•    Mineral Resource at North Bullfrog project.

NumerousNo material risks were identified following completion of these external reviews.

In addition, numerous internal Mineral Resource and OreMineral Reserve process reviews were completed by suitably qualified Competent Personstechnical experts from within AngloGold Ashanti and no significant deficiencies were identified. The Mineral Resource and OreMineral Reserve aregovernance framework is underpinned by appropriate Mineral Resource Managementmanagement processes and protocols that ensure adequate corporate governance. These procedures have been developed to be compliant with the guiding principles of the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX)("SOX").

Competent PersonsAngloGold Ashanti makes use of a web-based group reporting database called the Resource and Reserve Reporting System ("RCubed") for the compilation and authorisation of Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve reporting. It is a fully integrated system for the reporting and reconciliation of Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve that supports various regulatory reporting requirements, including the SEC reporting requirements under Regulation S-K 1300, and the JSE reporting requirements under the SAMREC Code. AngloGold Ashanti uses RCubed to ensure a documented chain of responsibility exists from the technical experts at the operations to the Company’s RRLT.

AngloGold Ashanti has also developed an enterprise-wide risk management tool that provides consistent and reliable data that allows for visibility of risks and actions across the group. This tool is used to facilitate, control and monitor material risks to the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve, thus ensuring that the appropriate risk management and mitigation plans are in place.

If technical experts involved in the estimation of Mineral Resource or Mineral Reserve feel that their technical advice has been ignored which may represent a risk to the Mineral Resource or Mineral Reserve to be published, they are obliged to inform the RRLT in writing. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti’s “Speak-up” programme can also be used if the technical experts deem they may be compromised in the process. .

QUALIFIED PERSONS
The information in this annual report on Form 20-F relating to Exploration Results, Mineral ResourcesResource and Ore ReservesMineral Reserve on AngloGold Ashanti’s material properties is based on information compiled by, or under the supervision of, the CompetentQualified Persons, as defined in the SAMREC Code.Regulation S-K 1300. All CompetentQualified Persons arewere employed by AngloGold Ashanti exceptat the time of preparing the Technical Report Summaries in respect of AngloGold’s material properties. However, two of the Qualified Persons who provided the information for the Technical Report Summaries (effective date: 31 December 2021) in respect of Kibali (which usesand Obuasi are no longer employed by AngloGold Ashanti as of the date hereof. Mr. Richard Peattie, the Qualified Person providing information in respect of the Mineral Resource at Kibali, is now employed by Barrick, Competent Persons),which has a 45 percent interest in Kibali. Ms. Emmarentia Maritz, the Qualified Person providing information in respect of the Mineral Resource at Obuasi, is now employed by Barrick. Both of these Qualified Persons have



138

provided updated consents to the use of the their names, or any quotation from, or summarisation of, the Technical Report Summaries (effective date: 31 December 2021) prepared by them in this annual report, and to the filing of the Technical Report Summaries (effective date: 31 December 2021) as exhibits hereto. All Qualified Persons have sufficient experience relevant to the style of mineralisation and the type of deposit under consideration, and relevant to the activity which they are undertaking. AngloGold Ashanti has recognised that in preparing this annual report with respect to Kibali, the Qualified Persons have relied on information provided by Barrick. The legal tenure of each operation and projectmaterial property has been verified to the satisfaction of the accountable CompetentQualified Person and all Ore Reserves haveof the Mineral Reserve has been confirmed to be covered by the required mining permits or there exists a realistic expectation that these permits will be issued. The CompetentQualified Persons have provided consent to the inclusion of Exploration Results, Mineral Resource and OreMineral Reserve information in this annual report, in the form and context in which it appears.appears as well as the public filing of the Technical Report Summary for each respective material mining property filed as exhibits hereto.

Qualified Persons
ResponsibilityQualified PersonProfessional organisationMembership numberRelevant experienceQualification
Kibali Mineral Resource
Richard Peattie (1)
FAusIMM301 02926 yearsMPhil (Geostatistics)
Kibali Mineral ReserveRomulo SanhuezaMAusIMM211 79425 yearsBSc Eng (Mining)
Obuasi Mineral Resource
Emmarentia Maritz(1)
SACNASP    118345    19 yearsMSc (Mineral Resource Evaluation)
Obuasi Mineral ReserveDouglas AtangaMAusIMM334 39114 yearsBSc (Mining Engineering)
Geita Mineral ResourceDamon ElderMAusIMM208 24026 yearsBSc Hons (Geology)
Geita Mineral ReserveDuan CampbellECSA202 101 95320 yearsBEng (Mining)
Notes:
All Qualified Persons were employed by AngloGold Ashanti at the time of preparing the Technical Report Summaries in respect of AngloGold’s material properties.
(1) Two of the Qualified Persons who provided the information for the Technical Report Summaries (effective date: 31 December 2021) in respect of
Kibali and Obuasi Mineral Resource are no longer employed by AngloGold Ashanti as of the date hereof and are currently employed by Barrick.

Accordingly, the ChairmanChairperson of the Mineral Resource and OreMineral Reserve Steering Committee, VA Chamberlain, MSc (Mining Engineering)Leadership Team, Mrs. TM Flitton, Master of Engineering (Mining), BSc (Hons) (Geology)Bachelor of Science (Honours, Geology), MGSSA, FAusIMM,RM SME, Pr.Sci.Nat (SACNASP), FGSSA, assumes responsibility for the Mineral Resource and OreMineral Reserve processes for AngloGold Ashanti and is satisfied that the Competent Persons have fulfilled their responsibilities. VA ChamberlainAshanti. Mrs. TM Flitton has 3321 years’ experience in explorationmining with ten years directly leading and miningmanaging Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve reporting. She is employed full-time by AngloGold Ashanti and can be contacted at the following address: 76 Rahima Moosa Street, Newtown, 2001,112 Oxford Road, Houghton Estate, Johannesburg, 2198, South Africa.

A detailed breakdown Mrs. TM Flitton consents to the inclusion of Mineral Resource and OreMineral Reserve information in this annual report, in the form and backup detail will be provided oncontext in which it appears in the AngloGold Ashanti website (www.anglogoldashanti.com)narrative disclosure and www.aga-reports.com.in the exhibits filed hereto.

111
Gold
Ore Reserve: ImperialAt 31 December 2020
Proven Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Probable Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Tons(5)
GradeGold
Content
Tons (5)
GradeGold
Content		Metallurgical
Recovery
Factor		Cut-off
Grade		(9)
(million)(oz/ton)(Moz)(million)(oz/ton)(Moz)percent(oz/ton)
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kibali (45 percent) (3) (10)
10.060.1271.2727.870.1072.9775.9-90.9(4)0.016-0.061(4)
Ghana
Iduapriem8.450.0340.2942.110.0381.6293.0-95.9(4)0.016-0.026(4)
Obuasi (2)
— — — 34.760.2518.7387.00.111-0.152(4)
Guinea
Siguiri (85 percent) (3)
19.340.0180.3561.720.0251.5488.0(4)0.016-0.028(4)
Mali
Sadiola (41 percent) (3)(8)
— — — — — — — — 
Tanzania
Geita— — — 30.910.0762.3479.1-92.7(4)0.032-0.097(4)
South Africa
West Wits
Mponeng (8)
— — — — — — — — 
Surface
Surface Operations (8)
— — — — — — — — 
Australia
Sunrise Dam (2)
12.210.0440.549.550.0640.6181.9-92.0(4)0.022-0.047(4)
Tropicana (70 percent) (2)(3)
16.910.0330.5521.000.0641.3388.1-90.0(4)0.020-0.079(4)
Americas
Argentina
  Cerro Vanguardia (92.5 percent)(3)(6)
3.740.0610.237.920.066 0.5366.9-95.2(4)0.008-0.197(4)
Brazil
AGA Mineração (2) (7)
3.460.1080.3712.040.1131.3643.7-94.3(4)0.008-0.125(4)
Serra Grande (2)
2.980.0800.244.730.0820.3989.5-96.4(4)0.016-0.043(4)
Colombia
Gramalote (50 percent) (3)
— — — 68.850.0251.7283.9-95.0(4)0.005-0.006(4)
   Quebradona (2)(6)
— — — 124.250.0202.4958.6— 
Total77.15 0.0503.84445.710.058 25.63
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS


Copper
Ore Reserve: ImperialAt 31 December 2020
Proven Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Probable Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Tons(5)
GradeCopper
Content
Tons (5)
GradeCopper
Content		Metallurgical
Recovery
Factor		Cut-off
Grade		(9)
(million)percent(Mlbs)(million)percent(Mlbs)percent ($/t)
Colombia
Quebradona (2)(6)
— — — 124.251.253,105 93.630(11)
Total— — — 124.251.253,105 
The following considerations should be noted in respect of the information in this “Item 4D: Property plants and equipment”:

•All figures are expressed on an attributable basis unless otherwise indicated;
(1)•Ore Reserve includes marginally economic and diluting materials delivered for treatment and allow for losses that may occur during mining.All disclosure of Mineral Resource is exclusive of Mineral Reserve;
(2)•Proven and/Unless otherwise stated, $ or Probable Ore Reserve includes Ore Reserve below infrastructure. See table that follows.dollar refers to U.S. dollars;
(3)•Ore Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.Group and Company are used interchangeably;
(4)•Recovery factorMine, operation, business unit and cut-off grade vary according to ore type.property are used interchangeably;
(5)•Tons refers to a short ton, which is equivalent to 2000 pounds avoirdupois.
(6)The Ore Reserve contains 23.89 million ouncesRounding of silver for Cerro Vanguardia and 26.19 million ounces for Quebradona to be recovered as a by-product.
(7)The Ore Reserve contains 0.45 million tons of sulphur to be recovered as a by-product.
(8) No Ore Reserve is declared in 2020. Operation sold during 2020.
(9)In-situ cut-off grade.
(10)Ore Reserve is estimated by Competent Persons employed by Barrick Gold (Holdings) Limited.
(11)Copper ore cut-off Net Smelter Return (NSR).

Roundingnumbers may result in computational differences.
112
Table of Contentsdiscrepancies;

•To reflect that figures are not precise calculations and that there is uncertainty in their estimation, AngloGold Ashanti reports tonnage, grade and content for gold to two decimals and content for copper with no decimals;
The 2020 Proven•Metric tonnes (t) are used throughout this annual report and Probable Ore Reserve includes Ore Reserve below infrastructureall ounces are Troy ounces;
•Abbreviations used in this annual report include: gold– Au, copper – Cu, silver – Ag, Sulphur – S, molybdenum – Mo;
•Internal controls are discussed in the case"—Corporate Governance" section above as well as in the “—Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve Internal Controls Disclosure" section below;
•Maps presented for material properties in this Item 4D show infrastructure, licences and coordinates of the following underground mines currentlymine, as represented by the plant (or stated otherwise), in production:

Gold
Ore Reserve below infrastructure: ImperialTons (millions)Grade (ounces/ton)Gold Content
(million ounces)
Obuasi2.980.5801.73
Sunrise Dam1.130.0900.10
Tropicana0.880.1000.09
AGA Mineração5.450.1400.78
Serra Grande5.410.0800.44
Quebradona124.250.0202.49
Total140.100.0405.64

Copper
Ore Reserve below infrastructure: ImperialTons (millions)Grade (%)Copper Content
(million pounds)
Quebradona124.251.253,105 
Total124.251.253,105 

The Ore Reserve has been determined based on completed economic studies.

the geographic coordinate system.
113

Gold
Ore Reserve: ImperialAt 31 December 2019
Proven Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Probable Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Tons(5)
GradeGold
Content
Tons (5)
GradeGold
Content		Metallurgical
Recovery
Factor		Cut-off
Grade		(9)
(million)(oz/ton)(Moz)(million)(oz/ton)(Moz)percent(oz/ton)
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kibali (45 percent) (3) (10)
10.250.1201.2323.720.1232.9384.5-89.8(4)0.044-0.070(4)
Ghana
Iduapriem3.740.0240.0942.860.0401.7193.0-95.9(4)0.025-0.028(4)
Obuasi (2)
— — — 26.740.2667.1287.00.120-0.152(4)
Guinea
Siguiri (85 percent) (3)
20.070.0190.3759.660.0231.3988.0-93.0(4)0.015-0.022(4)
Mali
Morila (40 percent) (3) (10) (11)
— — — — — — 
Sadiola (41 percent) (3)
— — — 27.000.0591.5875.0-94.0(4)0.015-0.023(4)
Tanzania
Geita— — — 14.810.1021.5177.8-92.7(4)0.036-0.115(4)
South Africa
West Wits
Mponeng (2)
1.140.2350.2738.750.28010.8397.1-97.9(4)0.167-0.239(4)
Surface
Surface sources (8)
70.510.0070.49504.740.0083.8844.0-90.9(4)0.006-0.010(4)
Australia
Sunrise Dam (2)
12.290.0400.497.320.0830.6184.5-85.0(4)0.020-0.046(4)
Tropicana (70 percent) (2)(3)
18.160.0300.5425.350.0621.5889.9-90.0(4)0.020-0.078(4)
Americas
Argentina
  Cerro Vanguardia (92.5 percent)(3)(6)
4.520.0370.176.500.0810.5265.8-95.8(4)0.010-0.159(4)
Brazil
AGA Mineração (2) (7)
2.480.1230.3110.680.1361.4653.0-94.3(4)0.010-0.155(4)
Serra Grande (2)
1.710.0830.142.810.0950.2792.4-95.7(4)0.027-0.052(4)
Colombia
Gramalote (51 percent) (3)
— — — 70.230.0251.7683.9-95.0(4)0.005-0.006(4)
   Quebradona (94.876 percent) (2)(3)(6)
— — — 122.620.0212.5360.0— 
Total144.870.0284.10983.800.04039.68

Copper
Ore Reserve: ImperialAt 31 December 2019
Proven Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Probable Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Tons(5)
GradeCopper
Content
Tons (5)
GradeCopper
Content		Metallurgical
Recovery
Factor		Cut-off
Grade		(9)
(million)percent(Mlbs)(million)percent(Mlbs)percent ($/t)
Colombia
Quebradona (2)(6)
— — — 122.621.253,068 95.825-45(12)
Total— — — 122.621.253,068 

(1)Ore Reserve includes marginally economic and diluting materials delivered for treatment and allow for losses that may occur during mining.
(2)Proven and/or Probable Ore Reserve includes Ore Reserve below infrastructure. See table that follows.
(3)Ore Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
(4)Recovery factor and cut-off grade vary according to ore type.
(5)Tons refers to a short ton, which is equivalent to 2000 pounds avoirdupois.
(6)The Ore Reserve contains 18.76 million ounces of silver for Cerro Vanguardia and 25.95 million ounces for Quebradona to be recovered as a by-product.
(7)The Ore Reserve contains 0.43 million tons of sulphur to be recovered as a by-product.
(8)Includes Mine Waste Solutions (MWS).
(9)In-situ cut-off grade.
(10)Ore Reserve is estimated by Competent Persons employed by Barrick Gold (Holdings) Limited.
(11)No Ore Reserve is declared, Morila is only treating tailings and the Ore Reserve has been written off.
(12)Copper ore cut-off Net Smelter Return (NSR).

Rounding may result in computational differences.


114

The 2019 Proven and Probable Ore Reserve includes Ore Reserve below infrastructure in the case of the following underground mines currently in production:

Gold
Ore Reserve below infrastructure: ImperialTons (millions)Grade (ounces/ton)Gold Content (million ounces)
Mponeng30.670.2708.17
Obuasi3.080.5601.72
Sunrise Dam1.110.1400.16
Tropicana2.090.1100.22
AGA Mineração6.340.1400.92
Serra Grande2.180.1000.22
Quebradona122.620.0202.53
Total168.100.08013.93

Copper
Ore Reserve below infrastructure: ImperialTons (millions)Grade (%)Copper Content
(million pounds)
Quebradona122.621.253,068 
Total122.621.253,068 

The Ore Reserve has been determined based on completed economic studies.

115

Gold
Ore Reserve: MetricAt 31 December 2020
Proven Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Probable Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Tonnes(5)
GradeGold
Content
Tonnes (5)
GradeGold
Content		Metallurgical
Recovery
Factor		Cut-off
Grade		(9)
(million)(g/t)(tonnes)(million)(g/t)tonnespercent(g/t)
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kibali (45 percent) (3) (10)
9.124.3439.5825.283.6692.5175.9-90.9(4)0.54-2.09(4)
Ghana
Iduapriem7.671.168.9338.201.3250.3893.0-95.9(4)0.55-0.90(4)
Obuasi (2)
— — — 31.538.62271.6387.03.82-5.20(4)
Guinea
Siguiri (85 percent) (3)
17.550.6210.9455.990.8647.9088.0

0.55-0.95(4)
Mali
Sadiola (41 percent) (3) (8)
— — — — — — — — 
Tanzania
Geita— — — 28.04 2.5972.68 79.1-92.7(4)1.10-3.32(4)
South Africa
West Wits
Mponeng (8)
— — — — — — — — 
Surface
Surface sources (8)
— — — — — — — — 
Australia
Sunrise Dam (2)
11.081.5216.88 8.67 2.18 18.89 81.9-92.0(4)0.75-1.60(4)
Tropicana (70 percent) (2) (3)
15.34 1.1217.16 19.052.1841.50 88.1-90.0(4)0.70-2.70(4)
Americas
Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia (92.5 percent) (3) (6)
3.392.107.137.182.28 16.3466.9-95.2(4)0.27-6.76(4)
Brazil
AGA Mineraçáo (2) (7)
3.133.6911.5810.923.8842.3549.7-94.3(4)0.29-4.29(4)
Serra Grande (2)
2.712.757.454.292.8112.0489.5-96.4(4)0.54-1.46(4)
Colombia
Gramalote (50 percent) (3)
— — — 62.460.8653.6083.9-95.0(4)0.16-0.22(4)
Quebradona (2) (6)
— — — 112.720.6977.3158.6—   
Total69.991.71 119.65404.331.97797.13 


Copper
Ore Reserve: MetricAt 31 December 2020
Proven Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Probable Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Tonnes(5)
GradeCopper
Content
Tonnes (5)
GradeCopper
Content		Metallurgical
Recovery
Factor		Cut-off
Grade		(9)
(million)percent(tonnes million)(million)percent(tonnes million)percent ($/t)
Colombia
Quebradona (2)(6)
— — — 112.72 1.25 1.4193.630(11)
Total— — — 112.72 1.251.41

(1)Ore Reserve includes marginally economic and diluting materials delivered for treatment and allow for losses that may occur during mining.
(2)Proven and/or Probable Ore Reserve includes Ore Reserve below infrastructure. See table that follows.
(3)Ore Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
(4)Recovery factor and cut-off grade vary according to ore type.
(5)Tonnes refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1000 kilograms.
(6)The Ore Reserve contains 743 tonnes of silver for Cerro Vanguardia and 814 tonnes for Quebradona to be recovered as a by-product.
(7)The Ore Reserve contains 0.41 million tonnes of sulphur to be recovered as a by-product.
(8) No Ore Reserve is declared in 2020. Operation sold during 2020.
(9)In-situ cut-off grade.
(10)Ore Reserve is estimated by Competent Persons employed by Barrick Gold (Holdings) Limited.
(11) Copper ore cut-off Net Smelter Return (NSR)

Rounding may result in computational differences.

116

The 2020 Proven and Probable Ore Reserve includes Ore Reserve below infrastructure in the case of the following underground mines currently in production:

Gold
Ore Reserve below infrastructure: MetricTons (millions)Grade (grams/tonne)Gold Content
(tonnes)
Obuasi2.7119.8753.76
Sunrise Dam1.023.173.24
Tropicana0.803.592.86
AGA Mineração4.944.9424.41
Serra Grande4.912.8013.75
Quebradona112.720.6977.31
Total127.101.38175.33


Copper
Ore Reserve below infrastructure: MetricTons (millions)Grade (%)Copper Content
(million tonnes)
Quebradona112.721.251.41
Total112.721.251.41

The Ore Reserve has been determined based on completed economic studies.

117

Gold
Ore Reserve: MetricAt 31 December 2019
Proven Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Probable Ore Reserve (1) (2)
MetallurgicalCut-off
Tonnes(5)
GradeGold
Content
Tonnes (5)
GradeGold
Content		Recovery
Factor		Grade(9)
(million)(g/t)(tonnes)(million)(g/t)tonnespercent(g/t)
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kibali (45 percent) (3) (10)
9.294.1338.3621.524.2390.9984.5-89.8(4)1.50-2.40(4)
Ghana
Iduapriem3.400.842.8538.881.3653.0593.0-95.9(4)0.85-0.95(4)
Obuasi (2)
— — — 24.269.13221.4787.04.10-5.20(4)
Guinea
Siguiri (85 percent) (3)
18.200.6311.5554.120.8043.2788.0-93.0(4)0.50-0.75(4)
Mali
Morila (40 percent) (3) (10) (11)
— — — — — — 
Sadiola (41 percent) (3)
— — — 24.502.0149.2375.0-94.0(4)0.51-0.78(4)
Tanzania
Geita— — — 13.443.5047.0377.8-92.7(4)1.25-3.95(4)
South Africa
West Wits
Mponeng (2)
1.038.058.3135.169.59337.0097.1-97.9(4)5.72-8.18(4)
Surface
Surface sources (8)
63.970.2415.18457.890.26120.8344.0-90.9(4)0.20-0.34(4)
Australia
Sunrise Dam (2)
11.151.3815.396.642.8418.8884.5-85.0(4)0.70-1.56(4)
Tropicana (70 percent) (2) (3)
16.481.0216.8922.992.1349.0789.9-90.0(4)0.70-2.69(4)
Americas
Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia (92.5 percent) (3) (6)
4.101.265.175.902.7716.3365.8-95.8(4)0.33-5.46(4)
Brazil
AGA Mineraçáo (2) (7)
2.254.239.509.694.6845.3353.0-94.3(4)0.33-5.31(4)
Serra Grande (2)
1.552.834.402.553.278.3292.4-95.7(4)0.92-1.77(4)
Colombia
Gramalote (51 percent) (3)
— — — 63.710.8654.6783.9-95.0(4)0.16-0.22(4)
Quebradona (2) (6)
— — — 111.240.7178.6060.0— 
Total131.420.97127.60892.491.381,234.08 

Copper
Ore Reserve: MetricAt 31 December 2019
Proven Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Probable Ore Reserve (1) (2)
Cut-off
Tonnes(5)
GradeCopper
Content
Tonnes (5)
GradeCopper
Content		Recovery
Factor		Grade(9)
(million)percent(tonnes million)(million)percent(tonnes million)percent ($/t)
Colombia
Quebradona (2) (6)
— — — 111.241.251.39 95.80 25-45(12)
Total— — — 111.241.251.39

(1)Ore Reserve includes marginally economic and diluting materials delivered for treatment and allow for losses that may occur during mining.
(2)Proven and/or Probable Ore Reserve includes Ore Reserve below infrastructure. See table that follows.
(3)Ore Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
(4)Recovery factor and cut-off grade vary according to ore type.
(5)Tonnes refers to a metric tonne which is equivalent to 1000 kilograms.
(6)The Ore Reserve contains 583 tonnes of silver for Cerro Vanguardia and 807 tonnes for Quebradona to be recovered as a by-product.
(7)The Ore Reserve contains 0.39 million tonnes of sulphur to be recovered as a by-product.
(8)Includes Mine Waste Solutions (MWS).
(9)In-situ cut-off grade.
(10)Ore Reserve is estimated by Competent Persons employed by Barrick Gold (Holdings) Limited.
(11) No Ore Reserve is declared as the Ore Reserve has been written off.
(12) Copper ore cut-off Net Smelter Return (NSR).

Rounding may result in computational differences




118139

Refer to the "Glossary of selected terms—Mining terms" for terminology and definitions used in Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve reporting under Regulation S-K 1300. In addition, the Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the Inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied. The 2019 Proven and Probable Ore Reserve includes Ore Reserve below infrastructure in the caseExclusive Mineral Resource consists of the following underground mines currentlycomponents:
•Inferred Mineral Resource, including that within the Mineral Reserve design or stope shape;
•Mineral Resource that sits above the Mineral Resource cut-off grade but below the Mineral Reserve cut-off grade that resides within the defined Mineral Reserve volume;
•Mineral Resource that lies between the life of mine (“LOM”) pit shell or mine design and the Mineral Resource pit shell/mine design (this material will become economic if the gold price increases); and
•Mineral Resource in production:which the technical studies to engineer a Mineral Reserve have not yet been completed.

Gold
Ore Reserve below infrastructure: MetricTons (millions)Grade (grams/tonne)Gold Content
(tonnes)
Mponeng27.839.13254.02
Obuasi2.8019.1453.54
Sunrise Dam1.014.924.97
Tropicana1.893.606.82
AGA Mineração5.754.9628.49
Serra Grande1.983.406.73
Quebradona111.240.7178.60
Total152.502.84433.17

Copper
Ore Reserve below infrastructure: MetricTons (millions)Grade (%)Copper Content
(million tonnes)
Quebradona111.241.251.39
Total111.241.251.39
All reports of Mineral Resource must satisfy the requirement that there are reasonable prospects for economic extraction, regardless of the classification of the Mineral Resource. Portions of a deposit that do not have reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction are not included in a Mineral Resource. The Mineral Resource is estimated using all relevant drilling and sampling information along with a detailed geological model.

The Ore Reservegeological models are based on combinations of core and/or chip logging, mapping, geophysics, geochemistry and geological understanding and have been developed for each deposit. Most of our deposits have been the subject of research by third-party specialists in the relevant class of gold deposit.

The grade estimation for each deposit has been determined baseddeveloped over the life of the mine, and is constantly reviewed in terms of grade control information and reconciliation with the metallurgical plant. In general, the open pits and shallow underground mines use kriging with post processing by Uniform Conditioning (“UC”) or Localised Uniform Conditioning (“LUC”) to generate a recoverable Mineral Resource model where appropriate.

In order to comply with the economic requirement of the definition of Mineral Resource, all our Mineral Resource is constrained at an upside gold price, with all other parameters being kept the same as used for estimation of the Mineral Reserve. In the underground gold mines, scoping studies are conducted on all coherent blocks of ground that lie above the calculated Mineral Resource cut-off grade. These studies include all cost and capital requirements to access the block. In the case of open pit operations, pit optimisations are conducted at the Mineral Resource gold price and all material outside these shells is excluded from the Mineral Resource unless it is potentially mineable from underground.

It is the opinion of AngloGold Ashanti that the Mineral Resource represents a realistic view of an upside potential to the Mineral Reserve. In interpreting the Mineral Resource it is critical to factor in the following:
•That there is a reasonable expectation of economic extraction;
•The Mineral Resource is quoted in situ and has not been corrected for dilution, mining losses or recovery; and
•Many of the areas lying in the Exclusive Mineral Resource are currently being actively drilled and are the subject of economic and technical studies. It can, however, not be assumed at this stage that the Company has intent to mine these areas.

The Inferred Mineral Resource category is intended to cover situations in which a mineral concentration or occurrence has been identified and limited measurements and sampling have been completed, but in which the data are insufficient to allow the geological or grade continuity to be interpreted with confidence. While it would be reasonable to expect that the majority of Inferred Mineral Resource would upgrade to Indicated Mineral Resource with continued exploration, due to the uncertainty of Inferred Mineral Resource, it should not be assumed that such upgrading will always occur.

In order to reduce this risk, AngloGold Ashanti limits the use of Inferred Mineral Resource in its Mineral Reserve estimation process but the Inferred Mineral Resource is included in the pit shell or underground extraction shape determination. As such the Inferred Mineral Resource may influence the extraction shape. The quoted Mineral Reserve from these volumes includes only the converted Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource and no Inferred Mineral Resource is converted to Mineral Reserve. The cash flow analysis does not include the Inferred Mineral Resource in demonstrating the economic studies.viability of the Mineral Reserve.

AngloGold Ashanti requires that the Mineral Reserve that is an outcome of this process is generated at a minimum of apre-feasibility study level.





140

MINERAL RESOURCE AND MINERAL RESERVE INTERNAL CONTROLS DISCLOSURE
AngloGold Ashanti has a tiered internal review process whereby newly issued Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve are reviewed at a regional level prior to publication. Selected corporate reviews happen after that process. Each property has an external Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve audit on a three-year rolling basis, and issues raised in these audits are addressed by a formal audit reply from each mine on which the progress is tracked.

AngloGold Ashanti’s Mineral Reserve is an outcome of the Company’s business planning process which runs annually. This process operates within a comprehensive framework where all inputs, including costs and capital requirements, are generated by the operation, and reviewed at a regional and corporate level within the Company, thereby providing confidence in the estimates.

A group wide Mineral Resource to production reconciliation system is also in place whereby the Mineral Resource mined each month is reconciled all the way to the produced gold doré. Oversight for this process is handled at the group level. A comprehensive sample and assay QC/QA process is in place, and our laboratories are inspected frequently by on-site teams.






119
Stockpiles: Imperial
Stockpiles are previously mined ore scheduled for future process plant feed. The Proven and Probable Ore Reserve includes the following stockpile material:
Ore Reserve: ImperialAt 31 December 2020
StockpilesTons (million)Grade (ounces/ton)Gold content
(million ounces)
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kibali (45 percent) (1)
0.720.0440.03
Ghana
Iduapriem17.540.0220.38
Guinea
Siguiri (85 percent) (1) (2)
54.570.0170.91
Tanzania
Geita8.940.0460.41
Australia
Sunrise Dam8.050.0270.22
Tropicana (70 percent) (1)
13.890.0250.35
Americas
Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia (92.5 percent) (1)
7.000.0120.08 

(1)    Ore Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
(2)    Spent heap included in Ore Reserve.

Rounding may result in computational differences.
120
Stockpiles: Imperial
Stockpiles are previously mined ore scheduled for future process plant feed. The Proven and Probable Ore Reserve includes the following stockpile material:
Ore Reserve: ImperialAt 31 December 2019
StockpilesTons (million)Grade (ounces/ ton)Gold content
(million ounces)
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kibali (45 percent) (1)
1.090.0500.05
Ghana
Iduapriem16.410.0210.35
Guinea
Siguiri (85 percent) (1) (3)
55.290.0170.93
Mali
Sadiola (41 percent) (1)
1.460.0680.10
Tanzania
Geita4.500.0460.20
South Africa
Surface sources (2)
575.260.0084.37
Australia
Sunrise Dam9.400.0280.26
Tropicana (70 percent) (1)
16.970.0280.47
Americas
Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia (92.5 percent) (1)
6.580.0130.08
Brazil
Serra Grande0.010.0580.00

(1)    Ore Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
(2)    Centralised operations treating material on surface that was previously generated by several underground operations, includes tailings material.
(3)    Spent heap included in Ore Reserve.


Rounding may result in computational differences.
121
Stockpiles: Metric
Stockpiles are previously mined ore scheduled for future process plant feed. The Proven and Probable Ore Reserve includes the following stockpile material:
Ore Reserve: MetricAt 31 December 2020
StockpilesTonnes (million)Grade (grams/ tonne)Gold content
(tonnes)
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kibali (45 percent) (1)
0.651.500.98
Ghana
Iduapriem15.910.7511.96
Guinea
Siguiri (85 percent) (1) (2)
49.500.5728.24
Tanzania
Geita8.111.5712.76
Australia
Sunrise Dam7.310.936.81
Tropicana (70 percent) (1)
12.600.8711.01
Americas
Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia (92.5 percent) (1)
6.350.412.61

(1)    Ore Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
(2)    Spent heap included in Ore Reserve.

Rounding may result in computational differences.


122
Stockpiles: Metric
Stockpiles are previously mined ore scheduled for future process plant feed. The Proven and Probable Ore Reserve includes the following stockpile material:
Ore Reserve: MetricAt 31 December 2019
StockpilesTonnes (million)Grade (grams /tonne)Gold content
(tonnes)
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kibali (45 percent) (1)
0.991.721.70
Ghana
Iduapriem14.890.7310.90
Guinea
Siguiri (85 percent) (1) (3)
50.160.5828.84
Mali
Sadiola (41 percent) (1)
1.322.313.07
Tanzania
Geita4.081.566.37
South Africa
Surface sources (2)
521.860.26136.01
Australia
Sunrise Dam8.530.948.05
Tropicana (70 percent) (1)
15.400.9414.52
Americas
Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia (92.5 percent) (1)
5.970.442.64
Brazil
Serra Grande0.012.000.02

(1)    Ore Reserve attributable to AngloGold Ashanti’s percentage interest shown.
(2)    Centralised operations treating material on surface that was previously generated by several underground operations, includes tailings material.
(3)    Spent heap included in Ore Reserve.


Rounding may result in computational differences.
123
Drill hole spacing: Imperial
In determining the Proven and Probable Ore Reserve, AngloGold Ashanti applied the following drill hole spacing:
Drill Hole Spacing
Proven Ore ReserveProbable Ore Reserve
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kibali16 x 33 feet, 33 x 82 feet98 x 131 feet, 131 x 131 feet
Ghana
Iduapriem66 x 49 feet164 x 246 feet
Obuasi66 x 66 feet197 x 197 feet
Guinea
SiguiriNone66 x 131 feet, 82 x 82 feet
Tanzania
Geita33 x 49 feet33 x 33 feet, 66 x 66 feet, 82 x 49 feet, 82 x 131 feet, 131 x 66 feet, 131 x 131 feet
Australia
Sunrise Dam33 x 33 feet, 82 x 82 feet131 x 66 feet, 131 x 131 feet
Tropicana39 x 39 feet, 82 x 82 feet164 x 82 feet, 164 x 164 feet
Americas
Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia20 x 66 feet, 39 x 16 feet131 x 131 feet
Brazil
AGA Mineração33 x 66 feet, 66 x 33 feet, 66 x 98 feet, 82 x 82 feet, 98 x 98 feet66 x 131 feet, 131 x 197 feet, 164 x 164 feet, 197 x 131 feet, 197 x 197
Serra Grande33 x 33 feet, 33 x 66 feet82 x 82 feet, 131 x 66 feet, 131 x 131 feet, 164 x 66 feet
Colombia
GramaloteNone164 x 164 feet
Quebradona98 x 98 feet197 x 197 feet
124
Drill hole spacing: Metric
In determining the Proven and Probable Ore Reserve, AngloGold Ashanti applied the following table of drill hole spacing:
Drill Hole Spacing
Proven Ore ReserveProbable Ore Reserve
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kibali5 x 10 metre, 10 x 25 metre30 x 40 metre, 40 x 40 metre
Ghana
Iduapriem20 x 15 metre50 x 75 metre
Obuasi20 x 20 metre60 x 60 metre
Guinea
SiguiriNone20 x 40 metre, 25 x 25 metre
Tanzania
Geita10 x 15 metre10 x 10 metre, 20 x 20 metre, 25 x 15 metre, 25 x 40 metre, 40 x 20 metre, 40 x 40 metre
Australia
Sunrise Dam10 x 10 metre, 25 x 25 metre40 x 20 metre, 40 x 40 metre
Tropicana12 x 12 metre, 25 x 25 metre50 x 25 metre, 50 x 50 metre
Americas
Argentina
Cerro Vanguardia6 x 20 metre, 12 x 5 metre40 x 40 metre
Brazil
AGA Mineração10 x 20 metre, 20 x 10 metre, 25 x 25 metre, 20 x 30 metre, 30 x 30 metre20 x 40 metre, 40 x 60 metre, 50 x 50 metre, 60 x 40 metre, 60 x 60 metre
Serra Grande10 x 10 metre, 10 x 20 metre25 x 25 metre, 40 x 20 metre, 40 x 40 metre, 50 x 20 metre
Colombia
GramaloteNone50 x 50 metre
Quebradona30 x 30 metre60 x 60 metre


125141
ITEM 4A:    UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
126


142
ITEM 5: OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

The following discussion provides information that management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of AngloGold Ashanti Limited under IFRS for the three years ended and as at 31 December 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 2018.2020. The discussion of operating and financial results in this “Item 5: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” relates to the company’sCompany’s continuing operations (unless the context indicates otherwise).

On 12 February 2020, AngloGold Ashanti announced that it had reached an agreement to sell its remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities to Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited (Harmony). Following receipt of all regulatory approvals, the transaction closed on 30 September 2020, with Harmony taking effective control of these producing assets and liabilities on 1 October 2020. While the South African mining rights were passed to Harmony as between the parties at that time, the registration and consolidation of such mining rights is still pending. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—South Africa”. The South African producing assets and related liabilities sold to Harmony are treated as a discontinued operation for the year ended and as at 31 December 2020. See “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 9— Discontinued operations and assets and liabilities held for sale” for further details.

On 10 November 2020, AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner Barrick Gold Corporation (Barrick) completed the sale of their entire interests in Société des Mines de Morila S.A., the company operating the Morila gold mine in Mali, to Firefinch Limited (previously named Mali Lithium Limited). On 30 December 2020, AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner IAMGOLD Corporation (IAMGOLD) completed the sale of their entire interests in Société d’Exploitation des Mines d’Or de Sadiola S.A., the company operating the Sadiola gold mine in Mali, to Allied Gold Corp. (Allied Gold). See “Item 4B: Business Overview—Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Mali”.

This item should be read in conjunction with the company’sCompany’s consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto which are included under Item 18 of this annual report.

Overview

AngloGold Ashanti is a global gold mining company headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa. AngloGold Ashanti’s main product is gold. As part of extracting gold the companyCompany also produces silver and sulphuric acid as by-products. The company no longer produces uranium oxide as a by-product following the sale of its Vaal River operations, effective 28 February 2018. By-product revenue from continuing operations amounted to $105$113 million in 2020 (2019: $862022 (2021: $126 million; 2018: $1332020: $105 million) out of total revenue from product sales from continuing operations of $4,427$4,501 million in 2020 (2019: $3,5252022 (2021: $4,029 million; 2018: $3,3362020: $4,595 million). See “Item“Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 3—Revenue from product sales” for additional information. The companyCompany sells its products on world markets.

AngloGold Ashanti conducts gold-mining operations in the following regions, which represent its business segments:

•Africa (comprising Ghana, Guinea, the DRC and Tanzania);
•South Africa (recorded as a discontinued operation);
•Australia; and
•Americas (comprising Argentina, Brazil and projects in Colombia and in the United States).

AngloGold Ashanti has ten continuing mining operations in the following regions: Africa (the Democratic Republic of the Congo (“DRC”), Ghana, Guinea, and Tanzania), Australia and the Americas (Argentina and Brazil) comprising open-pit and underground mines, which are supported by extensive, yet focusedglobal exploration activities. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti has three greenfields projects located in Colombia and exploration activitiesNevada, USA. Until 30 September 2020, AngloGold Ashanti also conducted gold-mining operations in South Africa. On 1 October 2020, Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited (“Harmony”) took effective control of the Company’s remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities, which were recorded as discontinued operations for the year ended and as at 31 December 2020. In addition, AngloGold Ashanti sold its interests in the United States.Morila and Sadiola gold mines in Mali in November and December 2020, respectively. None of our Malian assets were recorded as discontinued operations. For more information on the company’sCompany’s business and operations, see “Item“Item 4B: Business Overview”.

Under the new Operating Model, the manner in which the financial results are reported to the chief operating decision maker and the composition of the operating segments continue to be reported per geographical region (Africa, Australia and the Americas). In addition, a new segment, Projects has been introduced from the implementation of the new Operating Model (previously reported under the Americas segment). The Projects segment comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities. The comparative information of the affected operating segment information has been restated. AngloGold Ashanti’s segmental information is described in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”.

As at 31 December 2020,2022, the companyCompany reported, on an attributable basis, Proven and Probable OreMineral Reserve for gold of approximately 25.224.25 million ounces in subsidiaries and 4.24.57 million ounces in equity accountedequity-accounted joint ventures. For the year ended 31 December 2020,2022, AngloGold Ashanti reported an attributable gold production of approximately 2.442.41 million ounces from subsidiaries 0.36and 0.34 million ounces from equity accountedequity-accounted joint ventures and 0.24 million ounces from discontinued operations.ventures. As at 31 December 2020,2022, the companyCompany reported an attributable Proven and Probable OreMineral Reserve for copper of 3,105Mlbs.3,250 million pounds. As at 31 December 2022, the Company reported, on an attributable basis, Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve(1)) for gold of approximately 57.94 million ounces in subsidiaries and 2.62 million ounces in equity-accounted joint ventures. As at 31 December 2022, the Company reported, on an attributable basis, Inferred Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve(1)) for gold of approximately 39.66 million ounces in subsidiaries and 1.11 million ounces in equity-accounted ventures. As at 31 December 2022, the Company reported an attributable Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve(1)) for copper of 2,902 million pounds and Inferred Mineral Resource (exclusive of Mineral Reserve(1)) for copper of 3,231 million pounds. For further information on the Company’s Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve, see “Item 4D: Property, Plants and Equipment—Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve Summary Disclosure”.

AngloGold Ashanti’s costs and expenses consist primarily of total cash costs, amortisation, corporate administration, other expenses, and exploration and evaluation costs. Total cash costs include cash operating costs (which include salaries and wages, stores, explosives, timber, reagents, logistics, fuel, power, water and contractors’ costs), royalties and other cash costs. The company’sCompany’s mining operations consist of deep-level underground mines as well as open-pit operations, both of which are labour intensive, therefore salaries and wages are a significant component of total cash costs.


(1) The Mineral Resource exclusive of Mineral Reserve (“Exclusive Mineral Resource”) is defined as the Inclusive Mineral Resource less the Mineral Reserve before dilution and other factors are applied.


127



143

5A:    OPERATING RESULTS

Introduction

The year 2020 was markedUS real gross domestic product rose by a number2.1 percent in 2022, compared with an increase of developments that were historically unprecedented. With respect to5.9 percent in 2021. While many components expanded in the COVID-19 pandemic, there was the speed at which the pandemic escalated globally, the extentlast quarter of 2022, they also showed softening, and severity of related lockdowns in certain countries, and the size of the government stimulus measures globally. At the same time, global equity markets have gained 14 percent over the course of 2020. The year also demonstrated the incredible resilience of people, institutions, and financial markets. Followingexpectations remain for the US elections and the ongoing roll-out of vaccines, investors have become increasingly bullish, pushing the global equity marketseconomy to record highs.slip into a recession in 2023.

Stock markets rounded off a tumultuous year with gains in the fourth quarter of 2022. Asian shares were boosted by China’s relaxation of its zero-Covid policy, and European equities also advanced strongly. As prices fell, government bond yields edged up towards the pandemic unfoldedend of the fourth quarter of 2022. This reflected some market disappointment with major central banks reiterating plans to tighten monetary policy, even as inflation showed signs of peaking. Commodities gained in the fourth quarter of 2022, led by industrial metals.

The year 2022 was the strongest year for gold demand in over a decade and showed how gold’s diverse sources of demand and supply can counterbalance one another, providing gold with its uniquely stable performance as an investment asset. Annual gold demand increased by 18 percent to 4,741 tonnes with investment demand increasing by ten percent and reaching 1,107 tonnes. Demand for gold bars and coins increased by two percent to 1,217 tonnes. The need for wealth protection in the global inflationary environment remained a primary motive for gold investment purchases. Holdings of gold ETFs fell by a smaller amount (down 110 tonnes) than in 2021 (down 189 tonnes).

Central bank net purchases in the fourth quarter of 2022 totalled 417 tonnes increasing full year net purchases to a high of 1,136 tonnes. Geopolitical uncertainty and high inflation were highlighted as key reasons for holding gold by central banks.
Gold jewellery demand softened slightly in 2022 with total annual demand declining by three percent to 2,086 tonnes. Declines in Chinese demand for gold jewellery throughout 2022 had an outsized impact on the world total.

Worsening global economic conditions in the fourth quarter of 2022, together with trade restrictions and supply chain issues generated a seven percent decline in annual demand for gold in technology. Electronics demand mirrored the seven percent annual decline in the broader sector, dropping sharply in the fourth quarter of 2022 in response to the deteriorating global economic picture and supply chain challenges, particularly in China.
Annual mine production increased investors’ risk averseness navigated them towards gold. This influx intoone percent year-on-year although this remains below the record high seen in 2018. Full year recycled gold market drovesupply increased by one percent but remains 30 percent below the market spotall-time high seen in 2012, despite a record annual average gold price up 25in 2022. In the aggregate, total supply of gold increased by two percent year-on-year from approximately $1,517/oz (at 1 January 2020) to approximately $1,896/oz (at 31 December 2020). As a result, market spot gold price volatility skyrocketed, recordingyear-on-year.

For the variance between2022 year, the highest ($2,064/oz) and lowest ($1,469/oz) market spot gold prices during 2020 at 40 percent. 2020 also included a new all-time high for the market spot gold price. The average market spot gold price was recorded at $1,772$1,802 per ounce, for the full year 2020.

According to the World Gold Council (WGC), global investment demand grew 40 percent to a record annual high of 1,773.2 tonnes. Global gold-backed ETFs holdings grew by 877.1 tonnes during 2020, reaching record year-end holdings of 3,751.5 tonnes. Bar and coin investment of 896.1 tonnes was three percent higher year-on-year, with consistent growth coming through in the second halfgold income of the year.

OnCompany was $4,388 million and the other hand, higheraverage gold prices and weak local currencies drove the domestic price of gold to historical highs, negatively impacting the demand for jewellery. In addition, the restriction on social gatherings further exacerbated the decrease in the demand for jewellery. Total annual jewellery demand dropped to 1,411.6 tonnes (34 percent lower year-on-year), the lowest in the recorded history of the WGC annual data series.

Official reserves showed a mixed picture of buying and selling during 2020. In total, central banks added 273 tonnes to their reserves during the year, making 2020 the eleventh consecutive year of net buying. However, this was almost 60 percent lower than the multi-decade record of 668 tonnes added in 2019. Total supply fell in 2020 by four percent year-on-year to 4,633.1 tonnes, the largest annual decline since 2013. The drop was primarily due to disruptions causedreceived by the pandemic. Mine production decreasedCompany was $1,793 per ounce. The market spot gold price increased by four percent year-on-year, while the global hedge book fell by 65.1 tonnes in 2020, more than reversing the small increase in hedging seen in 2019. Lockdown restrictions also impeded consumers’ ability to re-sell and the supply of recycled gold grew by only one percent despite record gold prices in every market. Nevertheless, the amount of recycled gold in 2020 (1,297.4 tonnes) marks the highest amount of recycling since 2012 (1,645.1 tonnes).

over 2022, starting on 1 January 2022 at approximately $1,801 per ounce and ending on 30 December 2022 at approximately $1,824 per ounce. Management uses the market spot gold price and the average gold price received to monitor the performance of the gold price and its effect on the company’sCompany’s results. It gives an investor insight into the performance of the gold price and its impact on company results.

Restatement of prior year disclosures


During the year following the sale of the South African operations, the Foreign Currency Translation Reserve (FCTR) was reassessed. It was determined that the FCTR which had originated from “non-foreign operations” would not recycle through the income statement. Non-foreign operations are those entities with the same functional currency (ZAR) as our parent company, AngloGold Ashanti Limited, which is different to the group presentation currency (USD). IAS 21 is silent regarding such a situation where a subsidiary is partially or fully disposed of resulting in a partial or full release of the FCTR associated with the subsidiary. The statement of comprehensive income previously disclosed all foreign currency translation differences as “Items that will be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss”. As a result of the reassessment, the FCTR has been split between “Items that will be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss” and “Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss”. The comparatives have been restated to include the corrected disclosure. Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1—Accounting policies—Restatement of prior year disclosures”.

The restatement has no impact on reported totals in the Statement of comprehensive income of profit (loss) for the period; other comprehensive income (loss) for the period, net of tax; total comprehensive income (loss) for the period, net of tax; or on earnings per share or headline earnings per share for the period.

Identification and classification of discontinued operations

During 2019, the decision to sell the remaining South African operations was made, judgement was applied regarding classification of the disposal group as held for sale at year end 2019, and whether the disposal group should be classified as a discontinued operation. The South African asset sale was assessed as a major geographical area of operations and part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a major geographical area of operations and accordingly, it was classified as a
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discontinued operation. The sale was announced on 12 February 2020. Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 9—Discontinued operations and assets and liabilities held for sale”.

Key factors affecting results

Gold prices

AngloGold Ashanti’s operating results are directly related to the market spot gold price, which can fluctuate widely and is affected by numerous factors beyond its control, including investment, jewellery and industrial demand (particularly in China and India), expectations with respect to the rate of inflation, the strength of the US dollar (the currency in which the price of gold is generally quoted) and of other currencies, interest rates, actual or expected gold sales and purchases by central banks and the International Monetary Fund (IMF)("IMF"), global or regional political or economic events or conditions (such as the war between Russia and Ukraine), production and cost levels in major gold-producing regions and, to a lesser extent during 2022, the impact of global health crises and pandemics such(such as the COVID-19 and production and cost levels in major gold-producing regions.pandemic).

The current demand for and supply of gold may affect gold prices, but not necessarily in the same manner as current supply and demand affects the prices of other commodities. The supply of gold consists of a combination of new production and fabricated gold held by governments, public and private financial institutions, industrial organisations and private individuals. As the global gold production in any single year constitutes a small portion of the total potential supply of gold, short-term variations in current production do not necessarily have a significant impact on the supply of gold or on its price.

The market for gold bullion bar, the company’sCompany’s primary product, is generally limited to the bullion banks. The number of these banks has declined over the last decade. Additionally, due to the diversity and depth of the total gold market, the bullion banks do not possess significant pricing power.

The price of gold is often subject to sharp, short-term changes. The shift in gold demand from physical demand to investment and speculative demand may exacerbate the volatility of gold prices.

Yearly average market spot gold prices received per ounce have changed during the three years under review as follows:
•20182020 - $1,266$1,772 per ounce
•20192021 - $1,394$1,798 per ounce
•2022 - $1,802 per ounce

Gold income of the Company has changed during the three years under review as follows:
•2020 - $4,490 million
•2021 - $3,903 million
•2022 - $4,388 million

Yearly average gold prices received by the Company have changed during the three years under review as follows:
•2020 - $1,778 per ounce
•2021 - $1,796 per ounce
•2022 - $1,793 per ounce

Gold income of the Company increased by $485 million, or 12 percent, from $3,903 million in 2021 to $4,388 million in 2022. The average gold price received by the Company decreased by $3 per ounce, increased by $384 per ounce, or 28 percent, from $1,394$1,796 per ounce for the year ended 31 December 20192021 to $1,778$1,793 per ounce for the year ended 31 December 2020.2022. The average market spot gold price increased by $378$4 per ounce, or 27 percent, from $1,394$1,798 per ounce for the year ended 31 December 20192021 to $1,772$1,802 per ounce for the year ended 31 December 2020.2022.

The market spot gold price has been highly volatile in 2020. After an initial increase in the beginning ofopened the year the market spot gold price decreased from a high of $1,687on 1 January 2022 at $1,801 per ounce (compared to $1,905 per ounce on 6 March 2020 to a low of $1,470 per ounce on 19 March 2020 in the midst of a wider market dislocation related to the COVID-19 pandemic prompting the US Federal Reserve to cut interest rates to zero and announce significant economic stimuli. During the following three months the market spot gold price increased 22 percent to $1,781 per ounce by 30 June 2020.4 January 2021). The market spot gold price continuedin 2022 has been subject to rise and recordedvolatile short-term swings, with a year high of $2,064$2,052 per ounce on 6 August 2020 before stabilising at around $1,9008 March 2022 and a year low of $1,622 per ounce on 26 September 2022. The average market spot gold price for 2022 was $1,802 per ounce. The market spot gold price at closing on 30 December 2022 was $1,824 per ounce (compared to $1,828 per ounce on 31 December 2020 was $1,896 per ounce compared to $1,517 per ounce the prior year.2021). Between 1 January 20212023 and 1910 March 2021,2023, the market spot gold price traded between a low of $1,681.24$1,811 per ounce and a high of $1,949.35$1,950 per ounce. On 1910 March 2021,2023, the afternoonmarket spot gold price for gold on the London Bullion Market was $1,744.74$1,868 per ounce.

If income from gold sales falls for an extended period below the company’sCompany’s total cash costs at its operations, AngloGold Ashanti could determine that it is not economically feasible to continue production at some or all of its operations. Declining gold prices may also force a reassessment of the feasibility of a particular exploration or development project or projects, and could lead to the curtailment or suspension of such projects. A sustained decrease in gold prices may force the companyCompany to change its dividend payment policies, reduce expenditures and undertake measures to address its cost base. In addition, the



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use of lower gold prices in OreMineral Reserve estimates and life-of-mine plans could result in material write-downswrite downs of the company’sCompany’s investment in mining properties and increase amortisation, environmental rehabilitation and mine closure charges.

On 22 and 28 January 2020, the company entered into Asian style zero-cost collars in respect of its Argentinean operations (CVSA) for a total of 130,900 ounces (70 percent of CVSA’s annual gold production) for the period February 2020 to December 2020. The strike prices were as follows: $1,500 per ounce on the floor and an average price of $1,701.34 per ounce on the cap. At 31 December 2020, the group had no commitments against future production potentially settled in cash. At 31 December 2020, a realised loss of $14 million was incurred in respect of these gold derivatives.


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Production levels

In addition to gold prices, AngloGold Ashanti’s gold income in any year is also influenced by its level of gold production. Production levels are in turn influenced by grades, tonnages mined and processed through the plant, and metallurgical recoveries. Attributable gold production (including joint ventures) remained fairly consistentfluctuated between 2018 - 2020 to 2022, from 2.91 million ounces in 2018, 2.86 million ounces in 2019 to 2.81 million ounces in 2020.2020 to 2.47 million ounces in 2021 to 2.74 million ounces in 2022. For more information on the company’sCompany’s business and operations, see “Item“Item 4B: Business Overview”.

Operational impacts resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic

In addition toThe COVID-19 pandemic resulted in disruption and volatility in global financial markets and capital markets and a significant decrease in global economic activity, which had an adverse effect on worldwide demand for gold and adversely affected the impactprofitability of the COVID-19 pandemic on the gold price discussed under the caption “—Gold Prices”, the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to have a significant adverse impact on our operations by causing supply chain delays and disruptions, import restrictions or shipping disruptions, as well as operational shutdowns (including as the result of government-mandated containment measures or additional safety measures that the company may consider in the future). A full or partial shutdown of the company’s mines in the affected areas and/or a halt in related mining operations could occur if COVID-19 spread among our workforce, if requested or mandated by governmental authorities or if otherwise elected by the company as a preventive measure to contain the spread of the virus. Governments of the countries in which we operate may impose significant restrictions on the movement of goods, services and persons, including by ordering nationwide lockdowns of businesses and their citizens, as was done, for example, in Argentina, which imposed a nationwide lockdown (quarantine), including travel restrictions, border closings and the shutdown of most industries, as a result of which Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (CVSA) was required to temporarily suspend mining activities. Similarly, the South African and State of Goiás governments imposed similar restrictions resulting in the temporary suspension of mining activities of the company’s South African operations and Serra Grande operations in Brazil, respectively.

AngloGold Ashanti continues to respond to the evolving COVID-19 pandemic while contributing to the global effort to stop the spread of the virus and provide public health and economic relief to local communities. AngloGold Ashanti has taken a number of proactive steps to protect employees, host communities and the business itself. For example, AngloGold Ashanti continues to conduct increased screening and surveillance of employees, and only essential travel is permitted for company employees. The company has implemented hygiene awareness campaigns, enhanced protocols for disinfection of equipment, working environments and infrastructure and social distancing, prohibitions on gatherings, and remote work arrangements where feasible. AngloGold Ashanti ensured that no employee lost salaries or benefits because of pandemic-related lockdowns. In addition, a multidisciplinary committee was established at the outset of the outbreak to implement a crisis management strategy. The centrepiece of this strategy was our five-phase preparedness and response plan, based on lessons learned during the 2014 to 2016 Ebola outbreak in Guinea, and associated risk monitoring system. Our teams also worked closely with community leadership around our mines and governments in our operating jurisdictions to provide support for efforts to ‘flatten the curve’, cushion the economic impact of the pandemic and help bolster their responses to the outbreak. These steps have been in line with the company’s values, the requirements of the countries in which we operate, and guidelines provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). The health and wellbeing of our employees and our host communities remains our key priority.Company’s operations.

The direct impact on the Company’s production from COVID-19 for 2022 was estimated at 19,000 ounces, a decrease of 28,000 ounces, or 60 percent, compared with an estimated production impact of 47,000 ounces for 2021. The direct COVID-19 impact on the Company’s cost of sales was estimated at $6 million for 2022, a decrease of $8 million, or 57 percent, compared to $14 million for 2021. The direct impact from COVID-19 on the Company’s AISC was estimated at $12 per ounce, a decrease of $22 per ounce, or 65 percent, compared with an estimated $34 per ounce for 2021.

The Company remains mindful of the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic willcould impact the company’sCompany’s results will dependdepending on the scale, duration and geographic reach of future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including notably the possibility of a recurrence or “multiple waves”multiple waves of the outbreak and new variants.

The impact on revenue from product sales is estimated at $94 million due to lower gold produced of 59,000 ounces from continuing operations. The impact on cost of sales is estimated at $19 million and its impact on all-in sustaining costs was estimated at $35 per ounce, or about three percent. Consumable inventory levels were increased at certain operations to mitigate potential supply chain challenges resulting from the pandemic.

As of 26 March 2021, all of AngloGold Ashanti’s mines are operating normally subject to updated COVID-19-related protocols and various travel restrictions, except Cerro Vanguardia which is currently running at between 60% to 80% mining capacity due to continuing inter-provincial travel restrictions in Argentina, which prevent certain employees from getting to the site.

As of 31 December 2020, second waves of the outbreak were being experienced in several of our operating jurisdictions, coinciding with the spread of new, more contagious variants of the virus. As with the first waves, the increase in cases triggered government-imposed movement restrictions, including mandatory isolation and quarantine measures. We continueCompany continues to observe strict health protocols and to exercise vigilance in relation to business continuity including supply chain. We remainThe Company remains mindful that the COVID-19 pandemic, its impacts on communities and economies, and the actions authorities may take in response to it, are subject to change in response to current and future conditions.

Geopolitical tensions

The geopolitical tensions and war between Russia and Ukraine and the retaliatory measures that have been taken, and could be taken in the future, by the United States, the EU, the United Kingdom, NATO and other jurisdictions have created global security concerns that could result in a regional or global conflict and otherwise have a lasting impact on regional and global economies, any or all of which could adversely affect AngloGold Ashanti’s business. See “Item 3D: Risk Factors—Global political and economic conditions could adversely affect the profitability of operations”.

Climate change and other environmental factors

Rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns and extremesevere weather conditions believed to be caused by climate change remain growing concerns for businesses, investors, broader society and governments. This has led to growingincreased pressure on companies, including those in the mining sector, to reduce greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions consistent with national commitments
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made by numerous countries under the Paris Agreement, to promote responsible corporate practices and to increase transparency about the risks and opportunities of transitioning to a low-carbon economy. Pressure from governments, investors and broader society for mining companies to improve environmental stewardship and reduce greenhouse gasGHG emissions, both absolutely and in terms of consumption ratesabsolute emissions and in intensity of emissions per tonne mined, is likely to intensifyincrease in the future.

Limiting average global temperature increases to less than 1.5 degrees Celsius by 2050, in line with the goals of the Paris Agreement, is believed to require global emissions to decline by 8% to 10% annually between 2020 and 2050. In 2008, AngloGold Ashanti settargeted a 30 percent reduction in absolute GHG emissions intensityof its portfolio by 2022, from a 2007 base level. This target was reached by 2018, and at the end of 2021 Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions were 46.6 percent below 2007 levels. The GHG emission reductions are due to changes in the Company’s asset mix, as well as energy-efficiency and fuel switching initiatives implemented at the Company’s operations and projects. In October 2022, AngloGold Ashanti released a carbon emissions reduction targetstarget that aims to achieve a 30%30 percent absolute reduction in its Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions by 2030, as compared to 2021, through a combination of renewable energy projects, fleet electrification and lower-emission power sources. The capital cost required to achieve these reductions by 2030 is anticipated to be approximately $1.1 billion, of which $350 million is expected to be funded over that period by AngloGold Ashanti and the remaining $750 million through third-party funding, including from providers of renewable energy infrastructure. The Company has also committed to achieving net zero Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions by 2050.

The Company is also tracking the carbon intensity of its energy mix by measuring GHG emissions per tonne processed,Gigajoule (“GJ”) of energy used. This measure increased by 2.7 percent year-on-year in 2022 asto approximately 65 kilograms of CO2e emitted per GJ of energy compared to 2007. This target2021 as the Company’s direct and indirect energy consumption was metfour percent higher than in 2018. Work2021. Absolute Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions in 2022 increased by seven percent to 1.47Mt compared to 2021, which is underway during 2021 to setthe Company’s new medium-term targets, and to begin working toward charting a pathway to net zero emissions. In 2020, the company has established a Climate Change Working Group to focus on the related strategy and transition processes, to develop metrics and targets, and to oversee implementation of our strategy.baseline year.

AngloGold Ashanti also aims to align our reporting on climate-related impacts with the guidelines and recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) beginning in our annual reports for the fiscal year ending 31 December 2021. In addition, the company will continue reporting in line with standards and guidelines of the ICMM, the Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) supported by the UN, the United Nations Global Compact and the World Gold Council’s Responsible Gold Mining Principles, among others.



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Foreign exchange fluctuations

Total cash costs in all business segments are for local procurement largelypartly incurred in local currency where the relevant operation is located. US dollar denominated total cash costs and net income tend to be adversely impacted by local currency strength and favourably impacted by local currency weakness, assuming there are no other offsetting factors. AngloGold Ashanti’s financial results can be influenced significantly by the fluctuations in the Brazilian real, Australian dollar, and, to a lesser extent, the ArgentinianArgentinean peso and other local currencies. As set out below, during the year ended 31 December 2020, the Argentinian peso, Brazilian real and2022, the Australian dollar and Argentinean peso weakened and the Brazilian real strengthened against the US dollar, which collectively had a favourable impact on AngloGold Ashanti’s US dollar denominated total cash costs.

Average annual exchange rates to the US dollarAverage annual exchange rates to the US dollar202020192018Average annual exchange rates to the US dollar202220212020
Brazilian realBrazilian real5.15 3.94 3.66 Brazilian real5.16 5.40 5.15 
Australian dollarAustralian dollar1.45 1.44 1.34 Australian dollar1.44 1.33 1.45 
Argentinian peso70.71 48.29 28.14 
Argentinean pesoArgentinean peso130.87 95.21 70.71 

In 2020,2022, the companyCompany derived 5247 percent (45(41 percent including joint ventures) of its revenues from continuing operations from Brazil, Australia and Argentina, and incurred 5349 percent (48(45 percent including joint ventures) of its total cash costs from continuing operations in Brazil, Australia and Argentina. ABased on average exchange rates in 2022, the Company estimates that a one percent strengthening of local currenciesall of the Brazilian real, Argentinean peso, Australian dollar, Ghanaian cedi and the South African rand against the US dollar, will resultother factors remaining equal, would have resulted in an increase in cost of sales and total cash costs incurredper ounce of about $12approximately $13 million or $4and $6 per ounce.ounce, respectively. As a result of the sale of its remaining South African operations, AngloGold Ashanti’s exposure to fluctuations in the strength of the South African rand has been reduced.

Certain exchange controls were in force in emerging markets in which the companyCompany operates during the period under review, including, for example in Argentina. In the case of Argentina, although the exchange rate of the ArgentinianArgentinean peso is primarily market determined, its value at any time may not be considered a true reflection of the underlying value while exchange controls exist. It is not possible to predict whether or when thisthe Argentinean government will occurrelax exchange controls or the future value of the ArgentinianArgentinean peso.
Total cash costs and effects of inflation

Total cash costs include cash operating costs (which include salaries and wages, stores, explosives, timber, reagents, logistics, fuel, power, water and contractors’ costs), royalties and other cash costs. The mining industry continues to experience price inflationincreases for costs of inputs used in the production of gold, which leads to higher total cash costs reported by many gold producers.

AngloGold Ashanti is unable to control the prices at which it sells its gold. Accordingly, in the event of significant inflation in Brazil, Argentina or Australia, without a concurrent devaluation of the local currency or an increase in the price of gold, there could be a material adverse effect upon the company’sCompany’s results and financial condition. See “Item 3D—3D: Risk Factors—Inflation may have a material adverse effect on results of operations”.

At 31 December 2020,2022, AngloGold Ashanti employs over 28,000globally on average approximately 32,594 people, globally,including contractors, most of whom are members of trade unions, particularly in Africa and the Americas. Salaries and wages account for a significant component of local total cash costs and are impacted by annual wage increases. During 2022, COVID-19 continued to – although to a lesser extent than in prior years – present challenges with travel restrictions and shortages of critical skills resulting in higher labour and contractors’ costs at certain operations.

Energy costs, comprising power, fuel and lubricants, are another material component of total cash costs. Due to the remote location of some of its mines in Africa, AngloGold Ashanti uses fuel to generate power and uses fuel and lubricants at its mines to run its fleet and processing plants. The price of Brent crudeCrude oil has decreasedincreased from $71 per barrel in 2018, $65 per barrel in 2019 to $42 per barrel in 2020 to $71 per barrel in 2021 to $97 per barrel in 2022, a 41$55, or a 131 percent decreaseper barrel increase over the three-year period. AngloGold Ashanti estimates that for each $1$1.00 per barrel rise or fall in the oil price, other factors remaining equal, the averagecost of sales and total cash costs per ounce of all its operations increaseschange by
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about $2 approximately $1 million or $0.7$0.50 per ounce, withrespectively. The sensitivity analysis includes the impacts of oil hedges. In July 2022, AngloGold Ashanti entered into forward contracts for a total of 999,000 barrels of Brent Crude oil for the period January 2023 to December 2023 that will be cash settled on a monthly basis against the contract price. The average price achieved on the forward contracts is $89.20 per barrel of Brent Crude oil. At 31 December 2022, the mark-to-market value of these oil derivatives was an unrealised loss of $6 million. The cost of sales and total cash costs per ounce of certain of the company’sCompany’s mines, particularly Siguiri, (Guinea),Geita, Iduapriem (Ghana), Geita (Tanzania) and Tropicana, (Australia) which are more dependent on fuel, being moreare most sensitive to changes in the price of oil. AngloGold Ashanti continues to monitor the developments in the war between Russia and Ukraine and their impact on the oil price. The escalation of the conflict dominated market sentiments during 2022, pushing oil prices higher to levels last seen during the 2008 global financial crisis. In recent weeks, the oil price has declined and, as of 10 March 2023, the price of oil was at $82per barrel of Brent Crude. See “Item 3D: Risk Factors—The profitability of mining companies’ operations and the cash flows generated by these operations are significantly affected by fluctuations in input production prices, many of which are linked to the prices of oil and steel”.


In February 2020, AngloGold Ashanti entered into Asian style zero-cost collars for a total of approximately 342,000 barrels of Brent crude oil for the period February 2020 to December 2020. The average strike prices were $45 per barrel on the floor and an average price of $65 per barrel on the cap. The same month, AngloGold Ashanti entered into Asian style zero-cost collars for a total of approximately 622,000 barrels of Brent crude oil for the period March 2020 to December 2020. The average strike prices were $44.50 per barrel on the floor and an average price of $65 per barrel on the cap. At 31 December 2020 the group had no commitments potentially settled in cash. At 31 December 2020, a realised loss of $5 million was incurred in respect of these oil derivatives.
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AngloGold Ashanti has no influence over the cost of most consumables. Furthermore, there has also been volatility recently in the price of steel, used in the manufacture of most forms of fixed and mobile mining equipment, which is a relatively large contributor to the operating costs and capital expenditure of a mine. Fluctuations in oil and steel prices as well as cost increases in respect of labour, explosives, cyanide and other production inputs have a significant impact on operating costs and capital expenditure. COVID-19 continued to – although to a lesser extent than in prior years – present challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices.

Royalties (excluding joint ventures), which are generally calculated as a percentage of revenue, varied over the past three years from $133 million in 2018 to $137 million in 2019 and $181 million in 2020 to $162 million in 2021 to $185 million in 2022, a 36two percent increase over the three-year period, primarily due to the variations in the gold prices received, production and royalty rate increases. Royalties are likely to continue to vary in the coming years due to the variations in the gold prices and the fact that in a number of jurisdictions host governments increasingly seek to obtain a higher share of revenue by increasing the royalty rates for gold mines.

Environmental rehabilitation costs

Total provisions for decommissioning and for environmental restoration activities (excluding joint ventures and discontinued operations) totaled $637totalled $659 million in 2018, $6342020, $673 million in 20192021 and $674$578 million in 2020.2022. During 2019, $96 million was transferred to liabilities related to assets held for sale. During 2020,2021, the provisions for decommissioning and restoration increased by $40$14 million largely due to severalthe recognition of a change in estimates relating to the ongoing transition to dry-stacking operations in Brazil to comply with new legal requirements in Brazil as well as changes in the methodology for calculating such estimates. During 2022, the provisions for decommissioning and restoration decreased by $95 million mainly due to changes in estimates resulting from changes in discount rates, changes in global economic assumptions, changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows as well as changes in the design of tailings storage facilities (“TSFs”). See also “Item 4B: Business Overview—Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine”, “Item 4B: Business Overview—Mine Site Rehabilitation and Closure” and “Item 4B: Business Overview—Sustainability and Environmental, Social and Governance ("ESG") Matters”.

Amortisation of assets

Amortisation of tangible assets increased during the 2020 to 2022 period by $25 million, or five percent, from $526 million in 2020 to $551 million in 2022, largely due to the Obuasi redevelopment project continuing to ramp up to full production, increased investment in TSFs at Serra Grande and higher deferred stripping at Tropicana and Iduapriem.

Amortisation of right of use assets, as recognised in accordance with IFRS 16 “Leases”, increased during the 2020 to 2022 period by $34 million, or 72 percent, from $47 million in 2020 to $81 million in 2022, mainly due to additional lease contracts entered into at the Brazilian operations and at the Geita mine.

Amortisation of intangible assets decreased during the 2020 to 2022 period by $1 million, or 50 percent, from $2 million in 2020 to $1 million in 2022.

Exploration and evaluation costs

The Company has expensed exploration expenditure during the years ended 31 December 2020, 2021 and 2022 in order to replenish depleting Mineral Reserve and bring new ore bodies into pre-feasibility or feasibility. The expensed exploration costs incurred over the last three fiscal years amounted to $124 million in 2020, $164 million in 2021 and $205 million in 2022. Exploration expenditure increased during 2022 mainly due to an increase in greenfields exploration in Nevada, United States.

Corporate administration, marketing and related expenses

The corporate administration, marketing and related expenses incurred amounted to $68 million in 2020, $73 million in 2021 and $79 million in 2022. The increase in 2022 of $6 million, or eight percent, was mainly due to the allocation of service costs to corporate costs following the implementation of the new Operating Model. This increase was partly offset by the exchange rate impact of a 11 percent weaker local currency.

Impairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposal

For all of the AngloGold Ashanti Group’s cash generating units (“CGUs”) where indicators of impairment or reversal of impairment have been identified, the recoverable amounts of the CGUs were determined. With the exception of Serra Grande, the Córrego do Sítio mining complex (“CdS”) and the Mineração Cuiabá mining complex (“Cuiabá”) in Brazil, the recoverable amounts exceeded the carrying amounts of the CGUs and management has considered the sensitivity of the impairment calculations to various key inputs and assumptions such as the gold price and exchange rates and concluded that reasonably possible changes to these key inputs and assumptions applied would not result in any impairment loss or the reversal of a previous impairment loss to be recognised.

These sensitivities have been taken into consideration in determining the required impairments as disclosed below. Management assumptions for the value in use of tangible assets and goodwill include the gold price assumption, which



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represents management’s best estimate of the future price of gold. A long-term real gold price of $1,731 per ounce (2021: $1,599 per ounce; 2020: $1,450 per ounce) is based on a range of economic and market conditions that are expected to exist over the remaining useful life of the assets.

In determining the impairment for each CGU, the real post-tax rate was derived from the weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (“CAPM”) to determine the required return on equity with risk factors consistent with the basis used in 2021. At 31 December 2022, the derived group WACC was 12.2 percent (real post-tax) which is 360 basis points higher than 8.6 percent at 31 December 2021, and is based on the industry average capital structure of the major gold companies considered to be appropriate peers. In determining the WACC for each CGU, sovereign and mining risk factors are considered to determine country specific risks. In certain instances, a specific risk premium was added to large projects being undertaken or the turnaround nature of a specific mine to address uncertainties in the forecast of the cash flows.

Córrego do Sítio (CdS)

CdS is owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti Mineração (“AGA Mineração”) in Brazil. The CdS mining complex has been in operation since 1989 and consists of open pit and underground mines. The property is currently in a production stage. In line with AngloGold Ashanti's reinvestment strategy, management took a decision during the third quarter of 2022 to carve out the underperforming complex of CdS from the AGA Mineração CGU and to investigate alternative strategic options including either to sell the complex, place the complex under care and maintenance, close the complex or to consider additional capital expenditure to regain profitability of the complex. After the strategic review of CdS, the Company has elected to retain CdS. This decision resulted in the disaggregation of the AGA Mineração CGU into two separate CGUs, being the CdS mining complex CGU and the Cuiabá mining complex CGU. As a result of these impairment indicators, the recoverable amount for the CdS mining complex CGU was determined not to support its carrying values as at 30 September 2022 and an impairment loss of $151 million ($189 million gross of taxes) was recognised and included in the Americas segment. The disaggregation of CGUs did not have an impact on reportable segments in terms of IFRS 8 “Operating Segments” as disclosed in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”. The recoverable amount of $5 million was determined with reference to the CGU’s value in use derived from a discounted cash flow model, using a discount rate of 8.5 percent, compared to the CGU’s carrying amount of $156 million.

Cuiabá

Cuiabá is owned and operated by AGA Mineração in Brazil. It has been in operation since 1834 and is an underground mine. The property is currently in the production stage. The Cuiabá mining complex CGU, which was disaggregated from the AGA Mineração CGU, recognised an impairment loss of $57 million ($70 million gross of taxes). This was largely due to the suspension of filtered tailings deposition on the Calcinados TSF and processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant in December 2022 (with both servicing the Cuiabá mining complex). For further information, refer to “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Brazil” and “Item 3D: Risk Factors—Compliance with tailings management requirements and standards, and potential liabilities in the event of a failure to timely comply with these requirements or an incident involving a tailings storage facility, could adversely impact AngloGold Ashanti’s financial condition, results of operations and reputation”.

The recoverable amount of $304 million (compared to the CGU’s carrying amount of $361 million) was determined with reference to the CGU’s value in use which requires the use of estimates. The impairment result was derived from a discounted cash flow model and a discount rate of 8.5 percent.

Management modelled various scenarios, which included a combination of reasonably possible changes in key assumptions, to determine the impact on the recoverable amount. The impairment assessment required significant judgement and estimation uncertainty. The impairment loss was recognised and included in the Americas segment.

Serra Grande

Mineração Serra Grande (“Serra Grande”) is wholly-owned by AngloGold Ashanti and is located in the northwest of Goiás state, central Brazil. It has been in operation since 1986 and consists of three underground and two open pit mines. The property is currently in the production stage. The Serra Grande CGU recognised an impairment loss of $38 million ($45 million gross of taxes) during December 2022 largely due to a projection of lower grades and ounces and an increase in the interest rates driven by global inflation and country risk which resulted in an increased discount rate. The recoverable amount of $128 million was determined with reference to the CGU’s value in use derived from a discounted cash flow model, using a discount rate of 8.5 percent, compared to the CGU’s carrying amount of $166 million. The impairment loss was recognised and included in the Americas segment.

Other (expenses) income

Other (expenses) income incurred over the last three fiscal years amounted to an expense of $57 million in 2020, an expense of $136 million in 2021 and an expense of $26 million in 2022. The decrease during 2022 was largely due to care and



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maintenance activities of $45 million incurred in 2021 at the Obuasi mine during the voluntary suspension of underground mining between May and October 2021 following a sill pillar incident, retrenchment and related costs of $18 million incurred in 2021 as part of the transition to the new Operating Model and bond settlement costs of $24 million incurred in 2021 related to the tender offer for, and subsequent redemption of, the $750 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% notes due 2022, none of which were repeated in 2022. The non-occurrence of the aforementioned costs in 2022 contributed to a decrease in cost of $87 million. Further decreases in other expenses were primarily due to the lower cost of legacy tailings operations of $25 million, mainly at Obuasi, as a result of fewer activities at such legacy tailings operations, and lower value added tax (“VAT”) of $7 million and other duties expensed. These decreases in other expenses were partly offset by higher due diligence project costs of $5 million during 2022.

Taxation

Taxation decreased over the period 2020 to 2022 from an expense of $625 million in 2020 to an expense of $173 million in 2022. Decrease in taxation over the period 2020 to 2022 was largely due to lower earnings in Australia, Ghana, Tanzania and Argentina and higher impairments in Brazil.

Taxation is likely to continue to be volatile in the coming years, due to fluctuations in gold price and production.

Production in 2022

In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti’s total attributable gold production was 2.742 million ounces, an increase of 270,000 ounces, or 11 percent, compared with its total attributable gold production of 2.472 million ounces in 2021. Production was higher year-on-year mainly due to a ten percent increase in recovered grades and the resumption of stoping activities at Obuasi during 2022, following the temporary suspension of underground stoping activities in 2021 due to a sill pillar incident in May 2021. The improving grade profile following the reinvestment programme across the portfolio was a key driver of the overall production increase. For 2022, COVID-19 had a marginal estimated direct impact of 19,000 ounces on the Company’s production. By comparison, for 2021, the direct impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s production was estimated at 47,000 ounces.

In the Africa region, production increased by 216,000 ounces, or 15 percent, from 1,419,000 ounces in 2021 to 1,635,000 ounces in 2022. The increase was mainly due to higher production from Obuasi, Iduapriem, Siguiri and Geita, partly offset by lower production from Kibali. Gold production at Iduapriem increased by 46,000 ounces, or 23 percent, from 202,000 ounces in 2021 to 248,000 ounces in 2022. Gold production was higher year-on-year mainly due to higher ore volumes processed, further supported by higher grades recovered as the mine accesses ore tonnes from Block 5 and Teberebie Cut 2a compared to Block 5 and the drawdown from stockpiles in 2021. Gold production at Obuasi increased by 142,000 ounces, or 131 percent, from 108,000 ounces in 2021 to 250,000 ounces in 2022. Gold production was higher year-on-year mainly due to the resumption of stoping activities during 2022 following the temporary suspension of underground stoping activities in 2021 due to a sill pillar incident in May 2021, as well as the continued ramp-up of the operations . Gold production at Siguiri increased by 21,000 ounces, or eight percent, from 258,000 ounces in 2021 to 279,000 ounces in 2022. Gold production was higher year-on-year mainly due to higher recovered grades, partly offset by lower ore volumes processed (as a result of local community protests related to employment demands which led to mining disruptions and the temporary suspension of mining activities during the month of July 2022). Gold production at Geita increased by 35,000 ounces, or seven percent, from 486,000 ounces in 2021 to 521,000 ounces in 2022. Gold production was higher year-on-year mainly due to higher ore volumes processed as well as higher recovered grades. Gold production at Kibali decreased by 28,000 ounces, or eight percent, from 365,000 ounces in 2021 to 337,000 ounces in 2022. Gold production was lower year-on-year mainly due to lower grades recovered, partly offset by a marginal increase in ore volumes processed.

In the Americas region, production increased by 10,000 ounces, or two percent, from 559,000 ounces in 2021 to 569,000 ounces in 2022. The increase was mainly due to higher production from Serra Grande and Cerro Vanguardia, partly offset by lower production from AGA Mineração. Gold production at AGA Mineração decreased by 20,000 ounces, or six percent, from 331,000 ounces in 2021 to 311,000 ounces in 2022. Gold production was lower year-on-year mainly due to lower ore volumes processed, partly offset by higher grades recovered. In addition, extreme weather including intense rainfalls followed by widespread flooding in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil during 2022 negatively impacted production. Infrastructure was temporarily inaccessible in and around the mine and employees were confined to their homes in nearby cities during the flooding. Gold production at Serra Grande increased by 5,000 ounces, or six percent, from 83,000 ounces in 2021 to 88,000 ounces in 2022. Gold production was higher year-on-year mainly due to higher recovered grades resulting from changes to the geological model, partly offset by lower ore volumes processed. Production during 2021 was negatively impacted by COVID-19 related restrictions and stabilisation challenges during the conversion of the TSFs to dry-stacking operations to comply with legal requirements in Brazil, which were not repeated in 2022. Gold production at Cerro Vanguardia increased by 25,000 ounces, or 17 percent, from 145,000 ounces in 2021 to 170,000 ounces in 2022. Gold production was higher year-on-year mainly due to a combination of higher ore volumes processed, higher recovered grades and fewer COVID-19 related limitations and restrictions that affected the mine’s ability to operate at full capacity.

In the Australia region, production increased by 44,000 ounces, or nine percent, from 494,000 ounces in 2021 to 538,000 ounces in 2022. This increase was mainly due to higher production from Sunrise Dam and Tropicana. Gold production at Sunrise Dam increased by 3,000 ounces, or one percent, from 229,000 ounces in 2021 to 232,000 ounces in 2022. Gold



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production was marginally higher year-on-year mainly due to higher recovered grades, partly offset by lower ore volumes processed following COVID-19 related production challenges. Gold production at Tropicana increased by 41,000 ounces, or 15 percent, from 265,000 ounces in 2021 to 306,000 ounces in 2022. Gold production was higher year-on-year mainly due to a combination of higher ore volumes processed from the Boston Shaker open pit and underground mine and higher recovered grades as well as the adverse impact of the wall failure in the Boston Shaker open pit in June 2021, which delayed higher grade ore delivery, and which was not repeated during 2022.

Production in 2021

In 2021, AngloGold Ashanti’s total attributable gold production was 2.472 million ounces, a decrease of 334,000 ounces, or 12 percent, compared with its total attributable gold production of 2.806 million ounces in 2020. Production was lower mainly due to the Company undertaking significant reinvestment across key assets and the temporary suspension of underground mining activities at Obuasi, the direct impact of COVID-19 in the first half of 2021, and secondary impacts of the pandemic, including on the mobility of labour, across 2021. The direct impact on the Company’s production from COVID-19 was estimated at 47,000 ounces for 2021, compared to 59,000 ounces in 2020.

In the Africa region, production decreased by 184,000 ounces, or 11 percent, from 1,603,000 ounces in 2020 to 1,419,000 ounces in 2021. The decrease was mainly due to lower production from Iduapriem, Obuasi and Geita, partly offset by higher production from Siguiri. Gold production at Iduapriem decreased by 73,000 ounces, or 27 percent, from 275,000 ounces in 2020 to 202,000 ounces in 2021. Gold production was lower year-on-year mainly due to lower grades from the depletion of ore in Cut 1 and delayed waste stripping at Cut 2 of the Teberebie pit, as well as the impact of a drawdown on stockpiles. Gold production at Obuasi decreased by 19,000 ounces, or 15 percent, from 127,000 ounces in 2020 to 108,000 ounces in 2021. Gold production was lower year-on-year mainly due to underground mining activities being voluntarily suspended between 18 May 2021 and 15 October 2021, following a sill pillar incident. From 15 October 2021, underground mining resumed to replenish the run-of-mine stockpile without corresponding gold production. Gold production at Siguiri increased by 44,000 ounces, or 21 percent, from 214,000 ounces in 2020 to 258,000 ounces in 2021. Gold production was higher year-on-year mainly due to an improvement in recovered grade which was attributable to improved plant recoveries as a result of the carbon-in-leach (“CIL”) conversion done at the end of 2020 and the commencement of processing Block 2 material in the second half of 2021. Gold production at Geita decreased by 137,000 ounces, or 22 percent, from 623,000 ounces in 2020 to 486,000 ounces in 2021. Gold production was lower year-on-year mainly due to mining lower grades and the drawdown on stockpiles, as significant reinvestments progressed across the Geita lease during 2021. Gold production at Kibali increased by 1,000 ounces, or less than one percent, from 364,000 ounces in 2020 to 365,000 ounces in 2021. Gold production was marginally higher year-on-year as the mine delivered a good overall performance from the metallurgical plant, with increased tonnage during 2021, driven by higher open pit tonnes mined as compared to 2020.

In the Americas region, production decreased by 90,000 ounces, or 14 percent, from 649,000 ounces in 2020 to 559,000 ounces in 2021. Lower production was encountered at AGA Mineração, Serra Grande and Cerro Vanguardia. Gold production at AGA Mineração decreased by 31,000 ounces, or nine percent, from 362,000 ounces in 2020 to 331,000 ounces in 2021. The Córrego do Sítio mining complex was mainly impacted by challenges in the crushing and milling circuit and lower tonnes of ore treated. Production was also adversely impacted by a seven-day strike by mine workers in September 2021. The Cuiabá mining complex recorded an increase in tonnes of ore treated year-on-year, which was partly offset by lower grades. Gold production at Serra Grande decreased by 31,000 ounces, or 27 percent, from 114,000 ounces in 2020 to 83,000 ounces in 2021. Gold production was lower year-on-year mainly due to lower tonnage resulting from various delays in accessing mine stopes, as well as lower feed grades, the negative impact of COVID-19 on mining operations as well as operational impacts of the fatality that occurred in February 2021. The production performance was further impacted by stabilisation challenges during the commissioning of the new filter process in connection with work to convert the TSFs to dry-stacking operations to comply with new legal requirements in Brazil. Gold production at Cerro Vanguardia decreased by 28,000 ounces, or 16 percent, from 173,000 ounces in 2020 to 145,000 ounces in 2021. Gold production was lower year-on-year mainly due to the effect of lower grades as per the mine plan for 2021 as well as COVID-19 related limitations and restrictions that affected the mine’s ability to operate at full capacity.

In the Australia region, production decreased by 60,000 ounces, or 11 percent, from 554,000 ounces in 2020 to 494,000 ounces in 2021. This decrease was mainly due to lower production from Sunrise Dam and Tropicana. Gold production at Sunrise Dam decreased by 27,000 ounces, or 11 percent, from 256,000 ounces in 2020 to 229,000 ounces in 2021. Gold production was lower year-on-year mainly due to lower head grade and a decrease in metallurgical recovery, which was partly offset by higher tonnes mined in the underground mine. Mine-to-mill grade reconciliations stabilised during the second half of 2021 and access to higher-grade underground ore was achieved at the end of 2021 in the newly accessed Frankie orebody. Gold production at Tropicana decreased by 33,000 ounces, or 11 percent, from 298,000 ounces in 2020 to 265,000 ounces in 2021. Gold production was lower year-on-year mainly due to a lower mill feed grade as stockpile drawdowns increased while mining focused on waste removal in the Havana Stage 2 Cutback. Production was also adversely impacted by the wall failure in the Boston Shaker open pit in June 2021, which delayed higher grade ore delivery. Production at Tropicana was also adversely affected by labour market shortages which had an impact on open pit and underground material movement.






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Comparison of financial performance in 2022, 2021 and 2020

Financial performance of AngloGold AshantiYear ended 31 December
(in $ millions)202220212020
Restated
Continuing operations
Revenue from product sales4,501 4,029 4,595 
Cost of sales(3,362)(2,857)(2,829)
Total of all other (expenses) income(816)(463)(417)
Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit (loss)166 249 278 
Taxation(173)(312)(625)
Discontinued operations
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations— — 7 
Profit for the period316 646 1,009 
Net profit (loss) attributable to equity shareholders
 - Continuing operations297 622 984 
 - Discontinued operations— — 7 
Net profit (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests
 - Continuing operations19 24 18 

Comparison of total cost of sales in 2022, 2021 and 2020

The following table presents cost of sales from continuing operations for the AngloGold Ashanti Group for the three-year period ended 31 December 2022:
Cost of sales for AngloGold AshantiYear ended 31 December
(in $ millions)202220212020
Restated
Total cost of sales3,362 2,857 2,829 
Inventory change30 (6)(14)
Amortisation of tangible assets(551)(411)(526)
Amortisation of intangible assets(1)(3)(2)
Amortisation of right of use assets(81)(63)(47)
Retrenchment costs(6)(2)(2)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs— (38)(32)
Total cash costs2,753 2,334 2,206 

Comparison of financial performance in 2022 with 2021
Our gold income is materially impacted by price and volume variances. All of our costs are impacted by the consequences of average exchange rate movements.

Exchange fluctuations in, and the average exchange rates for, the Brazilian real, Australian dollar and, to a lesser extent, the Argentinean peso and other local currencies have effects on the various components that make up our costs based on the level of local procurement of each of these costs. For a discussion of the effect of foreign exchange fluctuations on our financial results, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Foreign exchange fluctuations”.

Revenue from product sales

Revenue from product sales increased by $472 million, or 12 percent, from $4,029 million in 2021 to $4,501 million in 2022, mainly as a result of an increase in gold income, partly offset by a decrease in by-product revenue. Gold income increased by $485 million, or 12 percent, from $3,903 million in 2021 to $4,388 million in 2022. This increase was mainly due to an increase in ounces of gold sold, partly offset by a decrease in the average gold price received of $3 per ounce. Gold sold increased by



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269,000 ounces, or 13 percent, from 2.116 million ounces in 2021 to 2.385 million ounces in 2022, which resulted in an increase in gold income of $491 million. The average gold price received decreased by $3 per ounce, from $1,796 per ounce during 2021 to $1,793 per ounce in 2022, which resulted in a decrease in gold income of $6 million. By-product revenue decreased by $13 million, or ten percent, from $126 million in 2021 to $113 million in 2022, mainly due to a decrease in revenue from silver.

Revenue from product sales from the Africa operations (excluding equity-accounted joint ventures) increased by $400 million, or 20 percent, from $1,988 million in 2021 to $2,388 million in 2022, mainly as a result of an increase in gold income. Gold income (excluding equity-accounted joint ventures) increased by $400 million, or 20 percent, from $1,985 million in 2021 to $2,385 million in 2022. This increase was mainly due to higher ounces of gold sold, partly offset by a decrease in the average gold price received. Gold sold increased by 221,000 ounces, or 21 percent, from 1.060 million ounces in 2021 to 1.281 million ounces in 2022, which resulted in an increase in gold income of $403 million. There was an increase in production across all Africa operations in 2022 when compared to 2021. For a discussion of the increase in production at the Africa operations during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”. The decrease in the average gold price received resulted in a decrease in gold income of $3 million. By-product revenue (excluding equity-accounted joint ventures) of $3 million in 2022 remained unchanged from $3 million in 2021.

Revenue from product sales from the Americas operations decreased by $5 million, from $1,147 million in 2021 to $1,142 million in 2022, mainly as a result of a decrease in by-product revenue, partly offset by an increase in gold income. Gold income increased by $8 million, or one percent, from $1,028 million in 2021 to $1,036 million in 2022. This increase was mainly due to higher ounces of gold sold, partly offset by a decrease in the average gold price received. Gold sold increased by 4,000 ounces, or one percent, from 561,000 ounces in 2021 to 565,000 ounces in 2022, which resulted in an increase in gold income of $10 million. There was an increase in production at Cerro Vanguardia and Serra Grande, partly offset by a decrease in production at AngloGold Ashanti Mineração. For a discussion of the increase in production at the Americas operations during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”. The decrease in average gold price received resulted in a decrease in gold income of $2 million. By-product revenue decreased by $13 million, or 11 percent, from $119 million in 2021 to $106 million in 2022, mainly due to a decrease in silver revenue from lower silver production in Argentina.

Revenue from product sales from the Australia operations increased by $77 million, or nine percent, from $894 million in 2021 to $971 million in 2022, mainly as a result of an increase in gold income. Gold income increased by $77 million, or nine percent, from $890 million in 2021 to $967 million in 2022. This increase was mainly due to higher ounces of gold sold, partly offset by a decrease in the average gold price received. Gold sold increased by 44,000 ounces, or nine percent, from 495,000 ounces in 2021 to 539,000 ounces in 2022, which resulted in an increase in gold income of $79 million. There was an increase in production at Tropicana which was partly offset by a decrease in production at Sunrise Dam. For a discussion of the increase in production at the Australia operations during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”. The decrease in the average gold price received resulted in a decrease in gold income of $2 million. By-product revenue of $4 million in 2022 remained unchanged from $4 million in 2021.

Cost of sales

Cost of sales increased by $505 million, or 18 percent from $2,857 million in 2021 to $3,362 million in 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in cash operating costs by $394 million, or 18 percent, from $2,160 million in 2021 to $2,554 million in 2022, an increase in amortisation of tangible assets by $140 million, or 34 percent, from $411 million in 2021 to $551 million in 2022, an increase in amortisation of right of use assets by $18 million, or 29 percent, from $63 million in 2021 to $81 million in 2022 and an increase in royalties paid by $23 million, or 14 percent, from $162 million in 2021 to $185 million in 2022, mainly due to higher ounces sold. This increase was partly offset by a decrease in environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs by $38 million, or 100 percent, from $38 million in 2021 to nil in 2022, an inventory change of $36 million, or 600 percent, from a charge of $6 million in 2021 to a credit of $30 million in 2022, and a decrease in amortisation of intangible assets by $2 million, or 67 percent, from $3 million in 2021 to $1 million in 2022.

The increase in cash operating costs was mainly due to higher labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, services, other charges, fuel and power costs. Higher labour and contractors’ costs were mainly due to the resumption of stoping activities during 2022 at Obuasi, following the temporary suspension of underground mining activities in 2021 due to a sill pillar incident in May 2021. At Geita, with the acceleration of the heavy mobile equipment (“HME”) fleet rebuilds as the open pit mine expanded, higher underground mining contractors’ costs were incurred. Higher labour and contractors’ costs were also due to shortages of critical skills at certain operations. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, explosives, timber and reagents. Higher fuel and power costs were mainly due to the increase in the average price of Brent Crude oil, which increased from $71 per barrel in 2021 to $97 per barrel in 2022, a $26, or a 37 percent, per barrel increase. The increase in amortisation of tangible assets was mainly due to the Obuasi redevelopment project continuing to ramp up to full production, higher deferred stripping amortisation at Tropicana and Iduapriem, and higher Mineral Reserve development amortisation at Tropicana and Geita. The increase in amortisation of right of use assets was mainly due to the business strategy whereby certain heavy mobile equipment is leased, mainly at the Brazil and Africa operations. The increase in royalties paid primarily arose from an increase in ounces of gold sold in 2022 as compared to 2021. The decrease in environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs primarily arose from



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the changes to restoration provision cash flows in 2022 compared to 2021. The change in restoration provision cash flows was attributable to changes in discount rates due to changes in global economic assumptions, changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows, changes in design of tailings storage facilitiesour TSFs in Brazil due to new legal requirements, enacted or formalized in 2020 and changes in the methodology for calculatingused to calculate such estimates in response to comments from the environmental regulatory authorities. See also “Item 4B: Business Overview—Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold AshantiThe inventory change was mainly due to Mine”higher gold on hand at Obuasi, Siguiri, Geita, Tropicana and Sunrise Dam related to the timing of gold pours and shipments, lower amortisation of inventories in Brazil due to the suspension of tailings disposal and processing plant effluents treatment and lower amortisation of inventories at Cerro Vanguardia due to a higher volume of gold in process. The decrease in amortisation of intangible assets was mainly due to lower software and licence expenditure at Obuasi as compared to 2021.

In Africa, cost of sales increased by $354 million, or 21 percent, from $1,650 million in 2021 to $2,004 million in 2022. The increase was mainly due to an increase in labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, services, other charges, fuel and power costs, royalties paid and amortisation of tangible assets. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, explosives, timber and reagents. Higher fuel and power costs were mainly due to the increase in the price of Brent Crude oil. The increase in cost of sales was partly offset by lower environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs and inventory changes in 2022 as compared to 2021.

In the Americas, cost of sales increased by $91 million, or 11 percent, from $822 million in 2021 to $913 million in 2022. The increase was mainly due to an increase in labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, amortisation of tangible and right of use assets, services and other charges, power and fuel cost, and write down of inventory. Royalties paid were higher mainly due to an increase in ounces of gold sold in 2022 as compared to 2021. The higher labour and contractors’ costs were mainly due to cost increases resulting from shortages of critical skills. Higher commodity costs were due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, explosives, timber and reagents. Higher fuel and power costs were mainly due to the increase in the price of Brent Crude oil. The strengthening of the Brazilian real by four percent against the US dollar further increased costs. The increase in cost of sales was partly offset by lower environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs, inventory changes and the weakening of the Argentinean peso by 37 percent against the US dollar, as compared to 2021.

In Australia, cost of sales increased by $43 million, or six percent, from $740 million in 2021 to $783 million in 2022. The increase was mainly due to an increase in labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, services and other charges, power and fuel costs, amortisation of tangible assets, and royalties paid mainly due to an increase in ounces of gold sold in 2022 as compared to 2021. The higher labour and contractors’ costs were mainly due to shortages of critical skills. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, explosives, timber and reagents. Higher fuel and power costs were mainly due to the increase in the price of Brent Crude oil. The increase in cost of sales was partly offset by lower environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs, and the weakening of the Australian dollar against the US dollar by eight percent as compared to 2021.

Total cash costs

Total cash costs increased by $419 million, or 18 percent, from $2,334 million in 2021 to $2,753 million in 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in cash operating costs and royalties paid. Total cash costs include cash operating costs (which include salaries and wages, stores, explosives, reagents, logistics, fuel, power, water and contractors’ costs), “Item 4B: Business Overview—Mine Site royalties and other cash costs. The strengthening of the Brazilian real against the US dollar contributed to the increase in total cash costs, which was partly offset by the weakening of local currencies against the US dollar in Australia and Argentina.

Cash operating costs increased by $394 million, or 18 percent, from $2,160 million in 2021 to $2,554 million in 2022, primarily due to higher labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, services and other charges as well as higher fuel and power costs.

The strengthening of the Brazilian real against the US dollar contributed to the increase in total cash costs, which was partly offset by the weakening of local currencies against the US dollar in Australia and Argentina. Cash operating costs include salaries and wages, stores, explosives, reagents, logistics, fuel, power, water and contractors’ costs.

Royalties, which are generally calculated as a percentage of revenue, increased by $23 million, or 14 percent, from $162 million in 2021 to $185 million in 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in gold sales across all mining operations with the exception of Sunrise Dam, AGA Mineração and Kibali. The increase was partly offset by a decrease in the average gold price received per ounce.

Retrenchment costs

Retrenchment costs included in cost of sales increased by $4 million, or 200 percent, from $2 million in 2021 to $6 million in 2022.






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Rehabilitation and Closure”other non-cash costs

Environmental rehabilitation and “Item 4B: Business Overview—Environmental, Healthother non-cash costs decreased by $38 million, or a 100 percent, from $38 million in 2021 to nil in 2022. The decrease was mainly due to changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows, changes in the methodology used to calculate such estimates in response to comments from environmental regulatory authorities and Safety Matters”.changes in global economic assumptions. Lower restoration in Australia was mainly due to the completion of a study into reduced waste capping of waste dumps and TSFs, partly offset by ongoing changes in design of TSFs in Brazil to comply with new legal requirements.

Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets

Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets expense increased by $156 million, or 33 percent, from $477 million in 2021 to $633 million in 2022.

Amortisation of tangible assets decreased duringincreased by $140 million, or 34 percent, from $411 million in 2021 to $551 million in 2022. The increase was mainly due to higher amortisation at Iduapriem (mainly due to higher gold production combined with higher deferred stripping amortisation at Teberebie Cut 2a which commenced in 2022), at Tropicana (mainly due to higher deferred stripping amortisation due to mining and depletion of different ore bodies and due to increased capital additions), at Serra Grande (mainly due to higher gold production), at Obuasi (mainly due to higher production and the 2018 - 2020 period, from $553 millionreset of the useful life for the mining fleet), at Geita (mainly due to $521 million, largelythe useful life reset done in 2022 for Mineral Reserve development and heavy mining equipment coming into production), at Cerro Vanguardia (mainly due to lower reserves at the end of 2022 compared with at the end of 2021 and higher deferred stripping amortisation) and at Tropicana, open pit ore being depletedSiguiri (mainly due to higher gold production), partially offset by lower amortisation at GeitaCdS (mainly due to lower gold production and lower productionreduction in asset cost due to the impairment that occurred during 2022) and at Cerro Vanguardia.Sunrise Dam (mainly due to a decrease in Mineral Reserve development due to strategy focusing on exploration activities).

ExplorationAmortisation of intangible assets decreased by $2 million, or 67 percent, from $3 million in 2021 to $1 million in 2022, mainly due to lower software and evaluation costslicence expenditure at Obuasi as compared to 2021.

The company has expensed exploration expenditure during the years ended 31 December 2018, 2019 and 2020 in order to replenish depleting Ore Reserve and bring new ore bodies into pre-feasibilityAmortisation of right of use assets increased by $18 million, or feasibility. The expensed exploration costs incurred over the last three fiscal years amounted to $9829 percent, from $63 million in 2018, $1122021 to $81 million in 20192022, mainly due to additional lease contracts for heavy mobile equipment entered into at AGA Mineração, Serra Grande and $124Geita.

Inventory change

Inventory change was a charge of $6 million in 2020. Exploration expenditure increased during 2020 mainly2021 as compared to a credit of $30 million in 2022, which represents a change of $36 million. This change was primarily due to lower cost of unsold gold at Obuasi of $16 million as a result of timing of shipments, lower cost at Siguiri of $5 million and at Geita of $7 million due to an increase in brownfields exploration and pre-feasibility studies in Colombia.

Corporate administration, marketing and other expenses

The corporate administration, marketing and other expenses incurred amounted to $76gold on hand, lower cost at the Australian operations of $3 million in 2018, $82 million in 2019 and $68 million in 2020. The decrease in 2020 is mainly due to exchange rate impacttiming of weaker local currencygold pours and shipments, lower amortisation of inventories at the Brazil operations resulting from the suspension of tailings disposal and processing plant effluents treatment of $3 million, and lower labour costs (cash shares costs and equity share costs) and lower overseas travel costsamortisation of inventories at Cerro Vanguardia due to a higher volume of gold in process of $5 million. This change was partly offset by an increased cost due to higher audit feessales and insurance costs.higher production in 2022 at Cerro Vanguardia of $3 million.

Impairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposal

AngloGold Ashanti reviews and tests the carrying valueImpairment, derecognition of its assets when events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. AngloGold Ashanti values individual mining assets at the lowest level for which cash flows are identifiable as independent of cash flows of other mining assets and liabilities.

If there are indications that impairment may have occurred, AngloGold Ashanti prepares estimatesprofit (loss) on disposal was a profit of expected future cash flows for each group of assets. Expected future cash flows are inherently uncertain, and could materially change over time. They are significantly affected by Ore Reserve and production estimates, together with economic factors, such as market spot and forward gold prices, discount rates, currency exchange rates, estimates of costs to produce Ore Reserve and future
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capital expenditures. Alternatively, should any of these factors reverse, then AngloGold Ashanti may have to reverse previously recognised impairments.

When reviewing goodwill and other tangible assets for impairment, AngloGold Ashanti’s assumption on gold price represents its best estimate of the future price of gold. In arriving at the estimated long-term real gold price, AngloGold Ashanti considers all available market information including current prices, historical averages, and forward pricing information and data. The long-term real gold price of $1,450 per ounce in 2020 and $1,300 per ounce in 2019, were based on a range of economic and market conditions, which were, at that time, expected to exist over the remaining useful life of the assets.

AngloGold Ashanti considers the long-term fundamentals that provide support to the gold price assumption. These include, amongst other things, gold as a long-term store of value, hedge against inflation, safe haven status, strong physical demand from emerging markets, central bank purchases, quantitative easing and devaluation of paper currency, falling global mine production and rising costs of producing gold, all of which represent significant and enduring trends supportive of AngloGold Ashanti’s gold price assumption.

The actual market spot gold price averaged $1,772 per ounce in 2020 and $1,394 per ounce in 2019. The market spot gold price in 2020 has been subject to volatile short-term swings. Between 1 January 2021 and 19 March 2021, the market spot gold price traded between a low of $1,681.24 per ounce and a high of $1,949.35 per ounce. On 19 March 2021, the afternoon price for gold on the London Bullion Market was $1,744.74 per ounce.

Other expenses

Other expenses incurred over the last three fiscal years amounted to $79$11 million in 2018, $83 million in 2019 and $57 million in 2020. The decrease during 2020 is largely due to ceasing care and maintenance activities at Obuasi as the redevelopment project progressed to commercial level of production in 2020, partly offset by increased value added tax (VAT) and other duties expensed and the Brazilian power utility legal settlement in 2019 which was not repeated in 2020.

Taxation

Taxation increased over the period 2018 - 2020 from an expense of $212 million in 2018 to an expense of $625 million in 2020. Increase in taxation over the period 2018 - 2020 is largely due to higher earnings in Tanzania, Brazil, Australia, and Ghana.

Taxation is likely to continue to be volatile in the coming years, as host governments in a number of jurisdictions increasingly seek to obtain a higher share of revenue by increasing rates of existing taxes and introducing new taxes on gold mines.

Production in 2020

For the year ended 31 December 2020, AngloGold Ashanti’s total attributable gold production of 2.806 million ounces was 56,000 ounces, or two percent, lower than the 2019 production of 2.862 million ounces.

Production increased by four percent, or 65,000 ounces in 2020,2021 as compared to 2019,a loss of $304 million in the Africa segment. The increase2022, which represents a change of $315 million. This change was mainly due to the impairment of the Córrego do Sítio mining complex CGU of $189 million (gross of taxation), the impairment of the Serra Grande CGU of $45 million (gross of taxation), the impairment of the Cuiabá CGU of $70 million (gross of taxation) and asset derecognitions at Siguiri, Obuasi and Geita of $4 million, partly offset by disposal of properties held in Brazil of $4 million. For further information on the impairment losses in Brazil during 2022, refer to “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Impairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposal”.

Other (expenses) income

Other (expenses) income decreased by $110 million, or 81 percent, from an expense of $136 million in 2021 to an expense of $26 million in 2022. The decrease during 2022 was largely due to care and maintenance activities of $45 million incurred in 2021 at the Obuasi mine during the voluntary suspension of underground mining between May and October 2021 following a sill pillar incident, retrenchment and related costs of $18 million incurred in 2021 as part of the transition to predominantly underground operations which resultedthe new Operating Model and bond settlement costs of $24 million incurred in increased tonnes treated at Geita2021 related to the tender offer for, and the continued ramp-upsubsequent redemption of, the Obuasi redevelopment project. Obuasi delivered 127,000 ounces$750 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% notes due 2022, none of which were repeated in production despite delays2022. The non-occurrence of the aforementioned costs in receiving equipment and2022 contributed to a decrease in the arrivalcost of skilled personnel, critical$87 million. Further decreases in other expenses were primarily due to the project,lower cost of legacy tailings operations, mainly at Obuasi, as a result of COVID-19-related lockdownsfewer activities at such legacy tailings operations, and lower VAT and other duties expensed. These decreases in various jurisdictions during 2020. Increased production at Siguiri was due to the increase in hard rock processing capability resulting in a higher plant throughput during 2020. The higher plant throughput has been partiallyother expenses were partly offset by lower-than-planned recovery rate from high levels of carbon in the ore affecting the capacity to recover gold. Steady performance was achieved at Kibali and Iduapriem. The increase in production was partially offset by the cessation of mining activities at Sadiola and Morila in Mali, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.higher due diligence project costs during 2022.

Production decreased by ten percent, or 60,000 ounces in 2020, as compared to 2019, in the Australia region. The decrease is mainly due to planned lower ore sourced from open pit and completion of grade streaming activities while moving into a waste stripping phase at Tropicana during 2020. Steady performance was achieved by Sunrise Dam.

In the Americas region, production decreased by nine percent, or 61,000 ounces in 2020, as compared to 2019. Lower production at Cerro Vanguardia was due to the effect of lower planned grades aligned to the current life-of-mine plan and due to lower tonnes treated as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Production was also lower at Serra Grande due to lower grades as a result of geological model changes, grade control changes and operational delays at high grade stope areas, further impacted by absenteeism due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Production was maintained at AGA Mineração despite the impact of stoppages and absenteeism due to COVID-19, unexpected heavier-than-normal rains in the first half of the year, as well as geotechnical issues on the high-grade areas.




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Production in 2019Finance costs and unwinding of obligations

ForFinance costs increased by $9 million, or eight percent, from $110 million in 2021 to $119 million in 2022, mainly due to a decrease in capitalisation of interest against the year ended 31 December 2019, AngloGold Ashanti’s total attributable gold productionObuasi redevelopment project, lower finance costs from borrowings and higher amortisation fees compared to 2021. Unwinding of 2.86obligations increased by $24 million, ounces was 50,000 ounces, or two400 percent, lower thanfrom $6 million in 2021 to $30 million in 2022, mainly due to an increase in unwinding of other indirect taxes at Geita and non-current receivables at Siguiri as well as higher unwinding on the 2018 production of 2.91 million ounces.environmental rehabilitation provisions.

Production increasedShare of associates and joint ventures’ profit

Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit decreased by two$83 million, or 33 percent, or 26,000 ounces,from a profit of $249 million in 20192021 to a profit of $166 million in 2022, mainly as a result of a decrease in equity earnings of $77 million at Kibali due to lower revenues and higher legal and dividend settlement fees, and $5 million at Rand Refinery (Pty) Limited.

Taxation

A taxation expense of $173 million was recorded in 2022, compared to 2018,a taxation expense of $312 million in the Africa region.2021, which represents a $139 million, or 45 percent, decrease. Charges for current tax in 2022 amounted to $231 million, compared to $248 million in 2021, which represents a $17 million, or seven percent, decrease. The increasedecrease in current tax was mainly due to the transitionlower pre-tax profit in Brazil. Charges for deferred tax in 2022 amounted to predominantly underground operations which resulted in higher grade material and increased tonnes treated at Geita and improved production at Iduapriem due to the Operational Excellence programme which focused on improved grade control practices. The increase in production was partially offset by a decrease at Siguiri due to the integrationdeferred tax credit of the Carbon-in-Leach (CIL) combination plant that was completed during the year with a slower ramp-up than anticipated and lower production from both Sadiola and Morila as these two operations near the end of their mining activities.

Production decreased by two percent, or 11,000 ounces, in 2019 as$58 million, compared to 2018,an expense of $64 million in the Australia region. The decrease resulted from lower mill feed grades due to lower underground mined volume combined with lower mined grade at Sunrise Dam.2021, which represents a $122 million, or 191 percent, decrease. The decrease in production was partially offset by an increase at Tropicana as a result of higher mill throughput and tonnes mined.

In the Americas region, production decreased by eight percent, or 66,000 ounces, in 2019 as compared to 2018. The decreasedeferred tax was mainly at Cerro Vanguardia due to lower productionhigher deferred tax assets raised in Ghana and the mining of lower grades. Production was also lower at Serra Grande due to lower feed grade, lower drilling productivity and fewer trucks available. Production was lower at AGA Mineração due to poor ground conditions at the Cuiabá complex and at Córrego do Sítio due to geological model changes, open pit license delays at Rosalino orebody, geotechnical issues and excessive rainfall.higher impairments in Brazil.

Comparison of financial performance in 2020, 2019 and 2018
Financial performance of AngloGold AshantiYear ended 31 December
(in $ millions)202020192018
Continuing operations
Revenue from product sales4,427 3,525 3,336 
Cost of sales(2,699)(2,626)(2,584)
Total of all other (expenses) income(417)(448)(429)
Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit (loss)278 168 122 
Taxation(625)(250)(212)
Discontinued operations
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations7 (376)(83)
Net profit (loss) attributable to equity shareholders
 - Continuing operations946 364 216 
 - Discontinued operations7 (376)(83)
Net profit (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests
 - Continuing operations18 5 17 
Comparison of total cost of sales in 2020, 2019 and 2018
The following table presents cost of sales from continuing operations for the AngloGold Ashanti group for the three-year period ended 31 December 2020:
Cost of sales for AngloGold AshantiYear ended 31 December
(in $ millions)202020192018
Total cost of sales2,699 2,626 2,584 
Inventory change(21)(5)(9)
Amortisation of tangible assets(521)(538)(553)
Amortisation of intangible assets(2)(3)(5)
Amortisation of right of use assets(47)(42)— 
Retrenchment costs(2)(4)(4)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(32)(53)(17)
Total cash costs2,074 1,981 1,996 


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Comparison of financial performance in 20202021 with 20192020

Our gold income is materially impacted by price and volume variances. All of our costs are impacted by the consequences of average exchange rate movements.

Exchange fluctuations in and the average exchange rates for the South African rand, Brazilian real, Australian dollar and the ArgentinianArgentinean peso have effects on the various components that make up our costs based on the level of local procurement of each of these costs. For a discussion of the effect of foreign exchange fluctuations on our financial results, see “Item“Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Foreign exchange fluctuations”.

Revenue from product sales

Revenue from product sales increaseddecreased by $902$566 million, or 2612 percent, from $3,525$4,595 million in 20192020 to $4,427$4,029 million in 2020,2021, mainly as a result of thea decrease in gold income, partly offset by an increase in by-product revenue. Gold income decreased by $587 million, or 13 percent, from $4,490 million in 2020 to $3,903 million in 2021. This decrease was mainly due to a decrease in ounces of gold sold, partly offset by an increase in the average gold price received of $384$18 per ounce. Gold income increased by $883 million, or 26 percent, from $3,439 million in 2019 to $4,322 million in 2020, due to the increase in the average gold price received partially offset by the decrease in gold sold. Gold sold decreased by 34,000354,000 ounces, or one14 percent, from 2.4102.470 million ounces in 20192020 to 2.3762.116 million ounces in 2020,2021, which resulted in a decrease in gold income of $49$619 million. The average gold price received increased by $384$18 per ounce, or 28one percent, from $1,394$1,778 per ounce during 20192020 to $1,778$1,796 per ounce in 2020,2021, which resulted in an increase in gold income of $932$32 million. By-product revenue increased by $19$21 million, or 2220 percent, tofrom $105 million from $86in 2020 to $126 million in 2019,2021, mainly due to an increase in revenue from silver.

Revenue from product sales from the Africa operations increased(excluding equity-accounted joint ventures) decreased by $535$305 million, or 3413 percent, to $2,125from $2,293 million in 2020 from $1,590to $1,988 million in 2019,2021, mainly as a result of thea decrease in gold income. Gold income (excluding equity-accounted joint ventures) decreased by $305 million, or 13 percent, from $2,290 million in 2020 to $1,985 million in 2021. This decrease was mainly due to lower ounces of gold sold, partly offset by an increase in the average gold price received,received. Gold sold decreased by 189,000 ounces, or 15 percent, from 1.249 million ounces in 2020 to 1.060 million ounces in 2021, which resulted in an increase of gold income of $443 million. The increase in gold ounces of 59,000 ounces sold contributed to an increasea decrease in gold income of $91$317 million. The increasedecrease was mainly due to the transition to predominantly underground operations which resulted in increased tonnes treatedlower production from Iduapriem, Obuasi and Geita, partly offset by higher production at Geita and the commissioningSiguiri. For a discussion of the Obuasi redevelopment project. Once commissioned, Obuasi sold 27,000 ounces despite delays in the pre-production phase receiving equipment and in the arrival of skilled personnel, critical to the project, as a result of the lockdowns in various jurisdictions during 2020. A marginal increasedecrease in production at Siguiri was due to the increaseAfrica operations during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in hard rock processing capability resulting in a higher plant throughput during 2020. The higher plant throughput was partially offset by lower than planned recovery rate from high levels of carbon in the ore affecting the capacity to recover gold. Steady production performance was achieved at Iduapriem.
2021”
Revenue from product sales from Australia increased by $138 million, or 16 percent, from $854 million in 2019 to $992 million in 2020.. The increase in the average gold price received resulted in an increase in gold income of $213$12 million. Gold production decreased mainly due to planned lower ore sourcedBy-product revenue (excluding equity-accounted joint ventures) of $3 million in 2021 remained unchanged from open pit and completion of grade streaming activities while moving into a waste stripping phase at Tropicana during$3 million in 2020. Steady production performance was achieved by Sunrise Dam. The decrease in gold ounces sold resulted in a decrease in gold income of $75 million.

Revenue from product sales from the Americas operations increaseddecreased by $229$163 million, or 2112 percent, from $1,081 million in 2019 to $1,310 million in 2020 to $1,147 million in 2021, mainly as a result of thea decrease in gold income, partly offset by an increase in by-product revenue. Gold income decreased by $183 million, or 15 percent, from $1,211 million in 2020 to $1,028 million in 2021. This decrease was mainly due to lower ounces of gold sold, partly offset by an increase in the average gold price received which resulted in an increase of gold income of $261 million.received. Gold income increasedsold decreased by $211 million,103,000 ounces, or 2116 percent, from $1,000664,000 million in 2019 to $1,211 million in 2020. The increase was partly offset by a decrease of 36,000 ounces in gold sold2020 to 561,000 ounces in 2020,2021, which resulted in a decrease in gold income of $50$194 million. Gold production primarily decreased at Cerro Vanguardia due to the effect of lower planned grades aligned to the current life-of-mine plan and due to lower tonnes treated asFor a resultdiscussion of the impactdecrease in production at the Americas operations during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2021”. The increase in average gold price received resulted in an increase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Production was also lower at Serra Grande due to lower grades as a resultgold income of geological model changes, grade control changes and operational delays at high grade stope areas, further impacted by absenteeism due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Production was maintained at AGA Mineração despite the impact of stoppages and absenteeism due to COVID-19, unexpected heavier-than-normal rains in the first half of the year, as well as geotechnical issues on the high-grade areas.$11 million. By-product revenue increased by $18$20 million, or 2220 percent, tofrom $99 million from $81in 2020 to $119 million in 2019,2021, mainly due to an increase in revenue from silver.



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Revenue from product sales from the Australia operations decreased by $98 million, or ten percent, from $992 million in 2020 to $894 million in 2021, mainly as a result of a decrease in gold income, partly offset by an increase in by-product revenue. Gold income decreased by $99 million, or ten percent, from $989 million in 2020 to $890 million in 2021. This decrease was mainly due to lower ounces of gold sold, partly offset by an increase in the average gold price received. Gold sold decreased by 62,000 ounces, or 11 percent, from 557,000 million ounces in 2020 to 495,000 ounces in 2021, which resulted in a decrease in gold income of $108 million. For a discussion of the decrease in production at the Australia operations during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2021”. The increase in the average gold price received resulted in an increase in gold income of $9 million. By-product revenue increased by $1 million, or 33 percent, from $3 million in 2020 to $4 million in 2021, mainly due to an increase in revenue from silver.

Cost of sales

Cost of sales increased by $28 million, or one percent, from $2,626 million in 2019 to $2,699$2,829 million in 2020 which represents a $73to $2,857 million or three percent, increase.in 2021. The increase was primarily due to an increase in cash operating costs by $50$148 million, or threeseven percent, to $1,881 million from $1,831$2,012 million in 2019 and2020 to $2,160 million in 2021, an increase in royalties paid by $44 million, or 32 percent, to $181 million from $137 million in 2019, partly offset by a decrease in environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs by $21$6 million, or 4019 percent, tofrom $32 million in 2020 from $53to $38 million in 2019.2021, and an increase in amortisation of right of use assets by $16 million, or 34 percent, from $47 million in 2020 to $63 million in 2021. The increase was partly offset by a decrease in royalties paid by $19 million, or ten percent, from $181 million in 2020 to $162 million in 2021, a decrease in amortisation of tangible assets of $115 million, or 22 percent, from $526 million in 2020 to $411 million in 2021 and an inventory change of $8 million, or 57 percent, from a charge of $14 million in 2020 to a charge of $6 million in 2021. The increase in cash operating costs was mainly due to higher labour and contractorcontractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, COVID-19 pandemic related spend,expenditure, services, and other charges, partly offset by lower fuel and power costs. Higher labour and contractors’ costs were mainly due to COVID-19 related cost increases resulting from challenges with travel restrictions and shortages of critical skills at certain operations. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, lime and other reagents. COVID-19 presented challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices. Higher fuel and power costs were mainly due to the increase in the average price of Brent Crude oil, which increased from $42 per barrel in 2020 to $71 per barrel in 2021, a $29, or a 69 percent, per barrel increase. The decreaseincrease in environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs primarily arose from the changes to restoration provision cash flows inflation rates and discount ratesin 2021 compared to 2019.

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In Africa, cost of sales increased from $1,173 million2020. The change in 2019restoration provision cash flows was attributable to $1,232 million in 2020, which represents a $59 million, or five percent, increase. The increase was mainly due to an increase in labour and contractor costs, consumable stores, royalties, amortisation, services and other charges, partly offset by lower fuel costs and ore stockpile adjustments.

In Australia, cost of sales increased from $632 million in 2019 to $705 million in 2020, which represents a $73 million, or 12 percent, increase. The increase was mainly due to an increase in labour and contractor costs, consumable stores, royalties, services and other charges, and ore stockpile adjustments, partly offset by lower fuel costs, amortisation and the weakening of the Australian dollar against the US dollar.

In the Americas, cost of sales decreased from $822 million in 2019 to $764 million in 2020, which represents a $58 million, or seven percent, decrease. The decrease was mainly due to the weakening of the local currencies against the US dollar, decrease in rehabilitation and other non-cash costs and lower fuel costs. The Argentinian peso weakened by 46 percent and the Brazilian real by 31 percent, against the US dollar. Such decrease was partly offset by an increase in contractor costs.

Total cash costs

Total cash costs increased from $1,981 million in 2019 to $2,074 million in 2020, which represents a $93 million, or five percent, increase. The increase was primarily due to an increase in cash operating costs and an increase in royalties paid. Total cash costs include cash operating costs (which include salaries and wages, stores, explosives, timber, reagents, fuel, power, water and contractors’ costs), royalties and other cash costs. The increase in total cash costs was partially offset by the weakening of local currencies against the US dollar and lower fuel and power costs.

Cash operating costs increased by $50 million, or three percent, to $1,881 million in 2020 from $1,831 million in 2019, primarily due to the higher labour and contractor costs, consumable stores, services and other charges, partly offset by the weakening of local currencies against the US dollar and lower fuel and power costs. Cash operating costs includes salaries and wages, stores, explosives, timber, reagents, fuel, power, water and contractors’ costs.

Royalties, which are generally calculated as a percentage of revenue, increased from $137 million in 2019 to $181 million in 2020, which represents a $44 million, or 32 percent, increase. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the spot gold prices and an increase in production at Geita, Siguiri and Obuasi (which are generally subject to higher royalty rates), partially offset by a decrease in production at Tropicana and Serra Grande (which are generally subject to lower royalty rates).

Retrenchment costs

Retrenchment costs included in cost of sales decreased by $2 million, or 50 percent, from $4 million in 2019 to $2 million in 2020.

Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs

Environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs decreased from $53 million in 2019 to $32 million in 2020, which represents a $21 million, or a 40 percent, decrease. This decrease as compared to 2019 was primarily due to the weakening of local currencies against the US dollar, a changechanges in discount rates due to changes in global economic assumptions, changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows, changes in design of tailings storage facilitiesour TSFs in Brazil due to new legal requirements, enacted or formalized in 2020, and changes in the methodology used to calculate such estimates in response to comments from environmental regulatory authorities. The increase in amortisation of right of use assets was mainly due to an increase in number of right of use assets in 2021 as compared to 2020 largely due to a change in business strategy whereby certain heavy mobile equipment is leased. The decrease in royalties paid primarily arose from a decrease in ounces of gold sold in 2021 as compared to 2020. The decrease in amortisation of tangible assets was mainly due to lower amortisation of waste stripping and lower gold production in 2021 as compared to 2020.

In Africa, cost of sales decreased by $62 million, or five percent, from $1,362 million in 2020 to $1,300 million in 2021. The decrease was mainly due to lower amortisation of waste stripping and lower royalties paid due to a decrease in ounces of gold sold in 2021 as compared to 2020. The decrease in cost of sales was partly offset by an increase in labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs, amortisation of right of use assets, services and other charges, power and fuel costs and higher ore stockpile adjustments. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, lime and other reagents. COVID-19 presented challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices. The higher fuel and power costs were mainly due to the increase in the price of Brent Crude oil.

In the Americas, cost of sales increased by $58 million, or eight percent, from $764 million in 2020 to $822 million in 2021. The increase was mainly due to an increase in labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, amortisation of right of use assets, services and other charges, power and fuel cost, write down of inventory and environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs. The higher labour and contractors’ costs were mainly due to COVID-19 related cost increases resulting from challenges with travel restrictions and shortages of critical skills. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, lime and other reagents. COVID-19 presented challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices. The higher fuel costs were mainly due to the increase in the price of Brent Crude oil. The increase in cost of sales was partly offset by lower royalties paid due to a decrease in ounces of gold sold in 2021 as compared to 2020, lower amortisation of tangible assets due to a decrease in ounces of gold produced in 2021 as compared to 2020 and the weakening of the local currencies against the US dollar. The Argentinean peso weakened by 35 percent and the Brazilian real by five percent, against the US dollar.

In Australia, cost of sales increased by $35 million, or five percent, from $705 million in 2020 to $740 million in 2021. The increase was mainly due to an increase in labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, amortisation of right of use assets, services and other charges, power and fuel costs, ore stockpile adjustments and the strengthening of the Australian dollar against the US dollar by eight percent. The higher labour and contractors’ costs were



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mainly due to COVID-19 related cost increases resulting from challenges with travel restrictions and shortages of critical skills. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, lime and other reagents. COVID-19 presented challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices. The higher fuel costs were mainly due to the increase in the price of Brent Crude oil. The increase in cost of sales was partly offset by lower environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs, lower amortisation of waste stripping due to lower levels of stripping in 2021 as compared to 2020 and lower royalties paid due to a decrease in ounces of gold sold in 2021 as compared to 2020.

Total cash costs

Total cash costs increased by $128 million, or six percent, from $2,206 million in 2020 to $2,334 million in 2021. The increase was primarily due to an increase in cash operating costs, partly offset by a decrease in royalties paid. Total cash costs include cash operating costs (which include salaries and wages, stores, explosives, reagents, logistics, fuel, power, water and contractors’ costs), royalties and other cash costs. The strengthening of the Australian dollar against the US dollar contributed to the increase in total cash costs, which was partly offset by the weakening of local currencies against the US dollar in Brazil and Argentina.

Cash operating costs increased by $148 million, or seven percent, from $2,012 million in 2020 to $2,160 million in 2021, primarily due to higher labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, COVID-19 pandemic related expenditure, services and other charges as well as higher fuel and power costs. The strengthening of the Australian dollar against the US dollar contributed to the increase in total cash costs, which was partly offset by the weakening of local currencies against the US dollar in Brazil and Argentina. Cash operating costs includes salaries and wages, stores, explosives, reagents, logistics, fuel, power, water and contractors’ costs.

Royalties, which are generally calculated as a percentage of revenue, decreased by $19 million, or ten percent, from $181 million in 2020 to $162 million in 2021. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in gold sales across all mining operations with the exception of Siguiri and Kibali. The decrease was partly offset by an increased average gold price received per ounce.

Retrenchment costs

Retrenchment costs included in cost of sales remained unchanged at $2 million in 2021 as compared to 2020.

Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs

Environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs increased by $6 million, or a 19 percent, from $32 million in 2020 to $38 million in 2021.The increase was mainly due to changes in design of TSFs in Brazil to dry-stacked structures to comply with new legal requirements, changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows and changes in the methodology used to calculate such estimates in response to comments from environmental regulatory authorities and changes in global economic assumptions.

Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets

Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets expense decreased by $98 million, or 17 percent, from $583 million in 2019 to $570$575 million in 2020 which represents a $13to $477 million or two percent, decrease. in 2021.

Amortisation of tangible assets decreased by $17$115 million, or three22 percent, from $538 million in 2019 to $521$526 million in 2020 largelyto $411 million in 2021. The decrease was mainly due to lower amortisation at Geita due to lower production at Cerro Vanguardia,and the closure of the Nyankanga Cut 8 open pit in 2021, the reset of useful life in February 2021 for the heavy moving equipment fleet resulting in lower depreciation onamortisation compared to 2020, and the waste stripping asset at Tropicanareset of the useful life in February 2021 for Mineral Reserve development amortisation drivers and lower Mineral Reserve development capital expenditures in 2021 compared to 2020. At Iduapriem, amortisation was lower than in 2020 mainly due to lower ore sourced from open pit while moving into a waste stripping phaseproduction and lower deferred stripping amortisation in 2021 at Serra GrandeTeberebie Cut 1 and Geita. TheCut 3, at AGA Mineração, amortisation was lower mainly due to lower production, and at Tropicana, amortisation was lower mainly due to lower production and lower deferred stripping amortisation, partly offset by higher Mineral Reserve development amortisation. This decrease was partiallypartly offset by an increase in amortisation at Iduapriem due to higher depreciation on the waste stripping asset and commencing amortisation at Obuasi following its commissioning.as the redevelopment project progressed.

Amortisation relatingof intangible assets increased by $1 million, or 50 percent, from $2 million in 2020 to $3 million in 2021, mainly due to higher software and licence expenditure at Obuasi as compared to 2020.

Amortisation of right of use assets increased by $5$16 million, or 1234 percent, from $42 million in 2019 to $47 million in 2020 to $63 million in 2021 largely at AGA Mineração, Serra Grande and Serra Grande.Geita mainly due to a change in business strategy whereby certain heavy mobile equipment is leased at these operations.





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Inventory change

Inventory increasedchange decreased from $5 million in 2019 to $21a charge of $14 million in 2020 to a charge of $6 million in 2021, which represents a $16$8 million, or 32057 percent, increase, largelydecrease. This decrease was primarily due to inventory movementslower cost and amortisation at Cerro Vanguardia which drew down on stockpiles.of $23 million due to fewer ounces produced and sold than in 2020 and lower cost at Geita of $11 million with fewer ounces produced and sold, partly offset by an inventory valuation upward adjustment at Obuasi of $14 million as a result of timing of shipment.

Impairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposal

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Other expensesassets and profit (loss) on disposal increased by $12 million from a loss of $1 million in 2020 to a profit of $11 million in 2021. During 2021, profit on disposal of assets was $17 million mainly due to the disposal of properties held in Brazil, partly offset by derecognition of assets at Obuasi of $4 million, impairment of assets at the Corporate office of $1 million due to relocation to new premises and impairment of the La Cascada hydroelectric power plant assets at Gramalote of $1 million. This compares to a $1 million loss from real estate activities in Brazil in 2020.

Other expenses decreased(expenses) income

Other (expenses) income increased by $79 million, or 139 percent, from $83 million in 2019 toan expense of $57 million in 2020 which represents a $26to an expense of $136 million or 31 percent, decrease.in 2021. The decreaseincrease in expenses during 2021 was largely due to the commissioning of the Obuasi redevelopment project with no care and maintenance activities at the Obuasi mine, retrenchment and related costs, incurred duringpremium on settlement of bonds and a refund from an insurance claim in 2020 and the public infrastructure contribution in Guinea during 2019 which was not repeated in 2020,2021. Underground mining activities were voluntarily suspended between 18 May 2021 and 15 October 2021 at the Obuasi mine, following a sill pillar incident. From 15 October 2021, underground mining resumed to replenish the run-of-mine stockpile without corresponding gold production. Since the voluntary suspension of underground mining activities, care and maintenance costs of $45 million were incurred at Obuasi during 2021. Retrenchment and related costs of $18 million were incurred during 2021 as part of the transition to the new Operating Model. Bond settlement costs during 2021 related to costs associated with the tender offer for, and subsequent redemption of, the $750 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% notes due 2022 and amounted to $24 million. These increases in expenses were partly offset by power grid refunds in Brazil during 2019 which were not repeated in 2020, the refundlower cost of an insurance claimlegacy tailings operations, mainly at Obuasi, due to fewer activities at such legacy tailings operations, lower VAT and increased export-duty receivables at Cerro Vanguardia.other duties expensed.

Finance costs and unwinding of obligations

Finance costs decreased by $5$28 million, or three20 percent, tofrom $138 million in 2020 compared to $143$110 million in 2019,2021, mainly due to an increase in capitalisation of interest against the Obuasi redevelopment project, lower finance costs from borrowings.borrowings and amortisation fees as 2020 included finance costs related to a $1.0 billion standby credit facility not repeated in 2021. Unwinding of obligations increaseddecreased by $10$33 million, or 3485 percent, tofrom $39 million in 2020 compared with $29to $6 million in 2019,2021, mainly due to an increasea decrease in unwinding of other indirect taxes at Geita.

Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit

Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit increaseddecreased by $110$29 million, or 65ten percent, tofrom a profit of $278 million in 2020 compared to a profit of $168$249 million in 2019,2021 mainly as a result of an increasea decrease in equity earnings of $95$7 million at Kibali and $7$5 million at Rand Refinery. On 10 November 2020, AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner Barrick completedRefinery (Pty) Limited, as well as a profit of $19 million on the sale of the Morila gold mineand Sadiola mines in Mali to Firefinch Limited. On 30 Decemberduring 2020 AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner IAMGOLD completed the salenot repeated in 2021, partly offset by losses of the Sadiola gold mine in Mali to Allied Gold. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Mali”.

Investments in associates and joint ventures increased by $70$2 million or four percent, from $1,581 million in 2019 to $1,651 million inat Gramalote during 2020 largely due to the cash repatriation from the Kibali joint venture located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), which continues to be slow. Cumulative cash receipts from the DRC in 2020 totaled $140 million, which included dividends of $49 million received from Kibali (Jersey) Limited in the fourth quarter of 2020. At 31 December 2020, AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share of the outstanding cash balances awaiting repatriation from the DRC amounted to $424 million. Barrick, the operator of the Kibali joint venture, continues to engage with the DRC Government regarding the 2018 Mining Code and the cash repatriation. Since the third quarter of 2020, VAT offsets and refunds have also been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in the DRC. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)”.not repeated during 2021.

Taxation

A taxation expense of $625$312 million was recorded in 2020,2021, compared to ana taxation expense of $250$625 million in 2019,2020, which represents a $375$313 million, or 15050 percent, increase.decrease. Charges for current tax in 20202021 amounted to $248 million, compared to $562 million compared to $298 million in 2019,2020, which represents a $264$314 million, or 8956 percent, increase.decrease. The increasedecrease in current tax iswas mainly due to higher earningslower pre-tax profit in Ghana, Australia, Ghana, TanzaniaBrazil, Argentina and Argentina.Tanzania. Charges for deferred tax in 20202021 amounted to a net deferred tax expense of $63$64 million, compared to a net deferred tax benefit of $48$63 million in 2019,2020, which represents a $111$1 million, or 231two percent, increase. The increase in the deferred taxation expense mainly relates to the derecognition of deferred tax assets in South Africa during the fourth quarter of 2020.

Discontinued operations

A profit from discontinued operations of $7 million was recorded in 2020, compared to a loss of $376 millionwhich was not repeated in 2019, which represents a $383 million increase.2021. The profit of $7 million consists of an operating loss after tax of $9 million and an impairment reversal of $16 million. TheAs a result of the sale of the Company’s remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities in September 2020, the South African operations have beenwere accounted for as discontinued operations. Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 9—Discontinued operations and assets and liabilities held for sale” for further details.

Comparison of financial performance in 2019 with 2018

Our gold income is materially impacted by price and volume variances. All of our costs are impacted by the consequences of average exchange rate movements.

Exchange fluctuations in and the average exchange rates for the South African rand, Brazilian real, Australian dollaryear ended and the Argentinian peso have effects on the various components that make up our costs based on the level of local procurement of each of these costs. For a discussion of the effect of foreign exchange fluctuations on our financial results, see “Item 5A: Operating Results-Key factors affecting results-Foreign exchange fluctuations”.

Revenue from product sales

Revenue from product sales increased by $189 million, or six percent, from $3,336 million in 2018 to $3,525 million in 2019, mainly as a result of the increase in the average gold price received of $128 per ounce. Gold income increased by $236 million, or seven percent, from $3,203 million in 2018 to $3,439 million in 2019, due to the increase in the average gold price received partially offset by the decrease in gold sold. Gold sold decreased by 50,000 ounces, or two percent, from 2.46 million
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ounces in 2018 to 2.41 million ounces in 2019. The average gold price received increased by $128 per ounce, or ten percent, from $1,266 per ounce during 2018 to $1,394 per ounce in 2019, which resulted in an increase in gold income of $316 million. By-product revenue decreased by $47 million, or 35 percent, to $86 million from $133 million in 2018, mainly due to a decrease in revenue from silver.

Revenue from product sales from the Africa operations increased by $185 million, or 13 percent, to $1,590 million in 2019 from $1,405 million in 2018, mainly as a result of the increase in the average gold price received, which resulted in an increase of gold income of $140 million. The increase in gold ounces sold resulted in an increase in gold income of $47 million. The increase was mainly due to the transition to predominantly underground operations which resulted in higher grade material and increased tonnes treated at Geita and improved production at Iduapriem due to the Operational Excellence programme which focused on improved grade control practices. The increase in production was partially offset by a decrease at Siguiri due to the integration of the CIL combination plant that was completed during the year and a slower ramp-up than anticipated.

Revenue from product sales from Australia increased by $72 million, or nine percent, from $782 million in 2018 to $854 million in 2019. The increase in the average gold price received resulted in an increase in gold income of $78 million. Gold production decreased as a result of lower mill feed grades due to lower underground mined volume combined with lower mined grade at Sunrise Dam. The decrease in production was partially offset by an increase at Tropicana as a result of higher mill throughput and tonnes mined. The decrease in gold ounces sold resulted in a decrease in gold income of $8 million.

Revenue from product sales from the Americas operations decreased by $68 million, or six percent, from $1,149 million in 2018 to $1,081 million in 2019. Gold income decreased by $21 million, or two percent, from $1,021 million in 2018 to $1,000 million in 2019.The decrease was due to a decrease of 78,000 ounces in gold sold in 2019, which resulted in a decrease in gold income of $113 million. Gold production primarily decreased at Cerro Vanguardia mainly due to development and infrastructure constraints, coupled with lower grades. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in the average gold price received which resulted in an increase in gold income of $92 million. By-product revenue decreased by $47 million, or 37 percent, to $81 million from $128 million in 2018, mainly due to a decrease in revenue from silver.

Cost of sales

Cost of sales increased from $2,584 million in 2018 to $2,626 million in 2019, which represents a $42 million, or two percent, increase. The increase was primarily due to a $36 million increase in rehabilitation and other non-cash costs from $17 million in 2018 to $53 million in 2019. The increase arose from the changes to cash flows, inflation rates and discount rates compared to 2018.

In Africa, cost of sales increased from $1,127 million in 2018 to $1,173 million in 2019, which represents a $46 million, or four percent, increase. The increase was mainly due to an increase in royalties, rehabilitation and other non-cash costs, amortisation and inventory change.

In Australia, cost of sales increased from $622 million in 2018 to $632 million in 2019, which represents a $10 million, or two percent, increase. The increase was mainly due to an increase in amortisation and inventory change. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in service-related costs and the weakening of the Australian dollar against the US dollar.

In the Americas, cost of sales decreased from $838 million in 2018 to $822 million in 2019, which represents a $16 million, or two percent, decrease. The decrease was mainly due to the weakening of the local currencies, the Argentinian peso by 72 percent and the Brazilian real by eight percent, against the US dollar.

Total cash costs

Total cash costs decreased from $1,996 million in 2018 to $1,981 million in 2019, which represents a $15 million, or one percent, decrease. The decrease was primarily due to the weakening of local currencies against the US dollar. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in royalties. Total cash costs include cash operating costs (which include salaries and wages, stores, explosives, timber, reagents, fuel, power, water and contractors’ costs), royalties and other cash costs.

Cash operating costs decreased from $1,850 million in 2018 to $1,831 million in 2019, which represents a $19 million, or one percent, decrease, primarily due to the weakening of local currencies against the US dollar. Cash operating costs includes salaries and wages, stores, explosives, timber, reagents, fuel, power, water and contractors’ costs.

Royalties, which are generally calculated as a percentage of revenue, increased from $133 million in 2018 to $137 million in 2019, which represents a $4 million, or three percent, increase, primarily due to an increase in the spot gold prices and an increase in production at Geita and Iduapriem partially offset by a decrease in production in Argentina.

Retrenchment costs

Retrenchment costs included in cost of sales remained unchanged in 2019 at $4 million as in 2018.31 December 2020.

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Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs

Environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs increased from $17 million in 2018 to $53 million in 2019, which represents a $36 million increase. This increase as compared to 2018 was primarily due to a change in discount rates due to changes in global economic assumptions, changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows, changes in design of tailings storage facilities in Brazil due to new requirements being considered and enacted or formalized in 2019, and changes in the methodology used to calculate such estimates in response to comments from environmental regulatory authorities.

Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets

Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets expense increased from $558 million in 2018 to $583 million in 2019, which represents a $25 million, or four percent, increase. Amortisation of tangible assets decreased by $15 million, or three percent, from $553 million in 2018 to $538 million in 2019, largely due to lower production at Cerro Vanguardia, lower depreciation on the waste stripping asset as the open pit ore is being depleted, lower depreciation on the mining fleet due to a change in fleet management strategy at Geita and lower production at Serra Grande. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in amortisation at Iduapriem due to completion of the stripping activities in the 2019.

Amortisation relating to right of use assets as recognised in accordance with IFRS 16 Leases (effective from 1 January 2019) was $42 million in 2019. Amortisation relating to right of use assets was $18 million at Geita, $16 million at the Australian operations and $6 million at Córrego do Sítio.

Inventory change

Inventory decreased from $9 million in 2018 to $5 million in 2019, which represents a $4 million, or 44 percent decrease.

Other expenses

Other expenses increased from $79 million in 2018 to $83 million in 2019, which represents a $4 million, or five percent, increase. The increase was largely due to an increase in government fiscal claims, cost of tailing operations and other expenses, care and maintenance costs and the public infrastructure contribution in Guinea. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in corporate retrenchments and power grid refunds in Brazil.

Finance costs and unwinding of obligations

Finance costs increased by $3 million, or two percent, to $143 million in 2019, compared to $140 million in 2018 mainly due to the effect of IFRS 16 Leases (effective from1 January 2019) on finance costs partially offset by lower finance costs from borrowings. Unwinding of obligations of $29 million was recorded in 2019 compared with $28 million in 2018.

Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit

Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit increased by $46 million, or 38 percent, to a profit of $168 million in 2019, compared to a profit of $122 million in 2018, mainly as a result of an increase in equity earnings of $39 million at Kibali.
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Taxation

A taxation expense of $250 million was recorded in 2019, compared to an expense of $212 million in 2018, which represents a $38 million, or 18 percent, increase. Charges for current tax in 2019 amounted to $298 million, compared to $242 million in 2018, which represents a $56 million, or 23 percent, increase. The increase in current tax is mainly due to higher earnings in Australia, Tanzania and Ghana. Charges for deferred tax in 2019 amounted to a net deferred tax benefit of $48 million, compared to a net deferred tax benefit of $30 million in 2018, which represents a $18 million, or 60 percent, increase. The increase in the deferred taxation benefit mainly relates to higher capital expenditure in Tanzania and higher estimated deferred tax resets in Guinea (related to a tax holiday agreement from 2020).

Discontinued operations

A loss from discontinued operations of $376 million was recorded in 2019, compared to a loss of $83 million in 2018, which represents a $293 million increase. The loss of $376 million consists of an operating profit after tax of $9 million and an impairment loss of $385 million. The South African operations have been accounted for as discontinued operations. Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 9—Discontinued operations and assets and liabilities held for sale” for further details.

Comparison of capital expenditure in 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020

The following table presents capital expenditure data from continuing operations for the AngloGold Ashanti groupGroup for the three-year period ended 31 December 2020:2022:
Capital expenditure data for AngloGold AshantiYear ended 31 December
(in $ millions)202220212020
Restated
Capital expenditure1,118 1,100 795 
- Consolidated entities1,028 1,028 739 
- Equity-accounted joint ventures90 72 56 

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Capital expenditure data for AngloGold AshantiYear ended 31 December
(in $ millions)202020192018
Capital expenditure757 754 645 
- Consolidated entities701 703 576 
- Equity accounted joint ventures56 51 69 
capital expenditure in 2022 with 2021

Total capital expenditure was $757(including equity-accounted joint ventures) increased by $18 million, or two percent, from $1,100 million in 2020, compared2021 to $754$1,118 million in 2019. This represents a $3 million increase from 2019.2022. This increase iswas mainly due to increased expenditure on existing operationssustaining capital ($91 million) and non-sustaining project capital ($17 million). AngloGold Ashanti embarked on a multi-year initiative at the beginning of 2020 to increase investment in Mineral Reserve development and brownfields exploration. The aim of this investment is to increase the rate of Mineral Reserve conversion, extend the reserve lives of our assets, enhance mining flexibility and further improve our knowledge of the ore bodies in the portfolio.

In Africa (including equity-accounted joint ventures), capital expenditure increased by $70 million, or 14 percent, from $506 million in 2021 to $576 million in 2022. At Iduapriem in Ghana, capital expenditure increased by $41 million from $105 million in 2021 to $146 million in 2022, mainly due to waste stripping at Cut 2 and increased non-sustaining project capital expenditure for work relating to buttressing the TSF, partly offset by reducedlower pre-stripping activities. At Obuasi in Ghana, capital expenditure decreased by $9 million from $168 million in 2021 to $159 million in 2022, mainly due to lower non-sustaining project capital expenditure as construction of Phase 2 of the Obuasi redevelopment project was completed at the end of December 2021. Phase 3 of the Obuasi redevelopment project, which relates principally to capital expenditure to refurbish existing infrastructure around the KMS Shaft, as well as to service the mine in deeper production areas, continues to progress. At Siguiri in Guinea, capital expenditure decreased by $11 million from $38 million in 2021 to $27 million in 2022, mainly due to lower non-sustaining project capital expenditure at Block 2 during 2022 and lower stay-in-business capital expenditure due to expenditure relating to the construction of a haul road by Block 2 during 2021 not being repeated in 2022. At Geita in Tanzania, capital expenditure increased by $31 million from $123 million in 2021 to $154 million in 2022, mainly due to an increase in sustaining capital expenditure, partly offset by lower non-sustaining capital expenditure. Sustaining capital expenditure increased mainly due to an increase in deferred stripping, higher stay-in-business capital expenditure and Mineral Reserve development expenditure as the underground portal development at Geita Hill East progressed according to plan. Lower non-sustaining project capital expenditure was mainly due to the Nyamulilima open pit being commissioned during 2022. At Kibali in the DRC, capital expenditure increased by $18 million from $72 million in 2021 to $90 million in 2022, mainly due to increased sustaining capital expenditure on the cyanide recovery plant and increased non-sustaining exploration.

In the Americas, capital expenditure decreased by $24 million, or seven percent, from $346 million in 2021 to $322 million in 2022. In Brazil, AngloGold Ashanti completed the conversion of existing TSFs to dry-stacking facilities at all mine sites, in a market characterised by increased competition for skills and engineering resources due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the industry-wide requirements to meet regulatory deadlines relating to TSFs. Capital expenditures required in 2022 to implement this new technology amounted to approximately $83 million. At AGA Mineração in Brazil, capital expenditure increased by $4 million from $195 million in 2021 to $199 million in 2022, mainly due to higher sustaining capital expenditure for mine development costs and continuing expenditure on TSFs to meet regulatory requirements. At Serra Grande in Brazil, capital expenditure decreased by $25 million from $82 million in 2021 to $57 million in 2022, mainly due to lower mine development expenditure offset by higher TSF expenditure. At Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina, capital expenditure decreased by $3 million from $69 million in 2021 to $66 million in 2022, mainly due to lower expenditure on TSF embankment raise and lower deferred stripping capital compared to 2021.

In Australia, capital expenditure increased by $17 million, or eight percent, from $185 million in 2021 to $202 million in 2022. At Sunrise Dam in Australia, capital expenditure decreased by $12 million from $62 million in 2021 to $50 million in 2022, mainly due to non-sustaining project capital expenditure incurred on the Golden Delicious open pit growth project having been commissioned in 2021 and not repeated in 2022. At Tropicana in Australia, capital expenditure increased by $30 million from $122 million in 2021 to $152 million in 2022, mainly due to increased non-sustaining project capital expenditure for increased waste mining in the Havana Cutback Project during 2022. At Australia other, capital expenditure decreased by $1 million from $1 million in 2021 to nil in 2022, mainly due to lower exploration equipment expenditure.

In Projects, capital expenditure decreased by $35 million, or 67 percent, from $52 million in 2021 to $17 million in 2022. At Quebradona in Colombia, capital expenditure decreased by $28 million from $33 million in 2021 to $5 million in 2022, mainly due to the higher capitalisation of land and feasibility study costs for the growth project in 2021. At Gramalote in Colombia, capital expenditure decreased by $9 million from $19 million in 2021 to $10 million in 2022, mainly due to the purchase of the



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La Cascada property in 2021 and higher feasibility study costs of the growth project in 2021. During 2022, there was no capital expenditure at La Colosa in Colombia. In Nevada, USA, capital expenditure increased by $1 million from nil in 2021 to $1 million in 2022, mainly due to pre-feasibility studies, and purchase of light motor vehicles and land.

At the Corporate Office in Johannesburg, capital expenditure decreased by $10 million from $11 million in 2021 to $1 million in 2022, mainly due to expenditure on new furniture and computer equipment in connection with the relocation of the Corporate Office to a new building having been incurred in 2021 and not being repeated in 2022.

Comparison of capital expenditure in 2021 with 2020

Total capital expenditure (including equity-accounted joint ventures) increased by $304 million, or 38 percent, from $796 million in 2020 to $1,100 million in 2021. This increase was mainly due to increased expenditure on sustaining capital ($281 million) and non-sustaining project capital ($623 million). CapitalAngloGold Ashanti embarked on a multi-year initiative at the beginning of 2020 to increase investment in Mineral Reserve development and brownfields exploration. The aim of this investment is to increase the rate of Mineral Reserve conversion, extend the reserve lives of our assets, enhance mining flexibility and further improve our knowledge of the ore bodies in the portfolio.

In Africa (including equity-accounted joint ventures), capital expenditure increased atby $71 million, or 16 percent, from $435 million in 2020 to $506 million in 2021. At Iduapriem in Ghana, capital expenditure increased by $44$45 million from $16 million in 2019 to $60 million in 2020 to $105 million in 2021, mainly due to higher pre-stripping activities and stay-in-business capital. Capitalcapital expenditure. At Obuasi in Ghana, capital expenditure increased by $38 million from $130 million in 2020 to $168 million in 2021, mainly due to a change in scoping activities, the commissioning and ramping up of underground activities and the start of Phase 3 of the Obuasi redevelopment project. Phase 2 construction was completed at the end of December 2021. At Siguiri in Guinea, capital expenditure increased by $8 million from $22 million in 2019 to $30 million in 2020 to resolve the current recovery and throughput challenges of the newly commissioned plant. Capital$38 million in 2021, mainly due to increased stay-in-business capital expenditure increased atincurred to construct a haul road by Block 2. At Geita in Tanzania, capital expenditure increased by $12$36 million from $75 million in 2019 to $87 million in 2020 to $123 million in 2021, mainly due to increased Orean increase in non-sustaining project capital expenditure with the start of the Nyamulilima project, an increase in non-sustaining exploration costs, partly offset by lower stay-in-business capital expenditure mainly related to Mineral Reserve development expenditure. At Kibali in the DRC, capital expenditure increased by $20 million from $52 million in 2020 to $72 million in 2021, mainly due to more underground activitieshigher deferred stripping and more exploration work done in 2020. Capitalnon-sustaining project capital expenditure.

In the Americas, capital expenditure increased by $178 million, or 106 percent, from $168 million in 2020 to $346 million in 2021. In Brazil, AngloGold Ashanti continued its investment to convert existing TSFs to dry-stacking facilities at all mine sites, in a market characterised by increased competition for skills and engineering resources due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the industry-wide requirements to meet regulatory deadlines relating to TSFs. Capital expenditures required in 2021 to implement this new technology amounted to approximately $140 million. At AGA Mineração in Brazil, capital expenditure increased by $92 million from $103 million in 2020 to $195 million in 2021, mainly due to higher mine development costs and higher expenditure on TSFs. At Serra Grande in Brazil, capital expenditure increased by $49 million from $33 million in 2020 to $82 million in 2021, mainly due to higher mine development and TSF expenditures. At Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina, capital expenditure increased by $38 million from $31 million in 2020 to $69 million in 2021, mainly due to higher expenditure on TSF embankment raise and higher deferred stripping capital.

In Australia, capital expenditure increased by $42 million, or 29 percent, from $143 million in 2020 to $185 million in 2021. At Sunrise Dam in Australia, capital expenditure increased by $10$9 million from $43 million in 2019 to $53 million in 2020 to $62 million in 2021, mainly due to increased Ore Reserve developmentnon-sustaining project capital expenditure in new mining areas, asset integrity and start ofincurred on the Golden Delicious open pit growth project. CapitalAt Tropicana in Australia, capital expenditure increased at AGA Mineração in Brazil by $12$33 million from $91 million in 2019 to $103$89 million in 2020 to $122 million in 2021, mainly due to higher deferred stripping, Mineral Reserve and other stay-in-business capital expenditure, as well as increased Ore Reserve developmentnon-sustaining project capital expenditure and spend on tailings storage facilities. Capitalwith the approval of the Havana Cutback Project in 2021. At Australia other, capital expenditure increased by $4$1 million atfrom nil in 2020 to $1 million in 2021, mainly due to exploration equipment expenditure.

In Projects, capital expenditure increased by $3 million, or six percent, from $49 million in 2020 to $52 million in 2021. At Quebradona in Colombia, from $36capital expenditure decreased by $7 million in 2019 tofrom $40 million in 2020 to $33 million in 2021, mainly due to increasedthe higher capitalisation of land for the growth project. Capitalproject in 2020. At Gramalote in Colombia, capital expenditure increased by $8$10 million at Gramalote in Colombia from $1 million in 2019 to $9 million in 2020 to $19 million in 2021, mainly due to increased spend onhigher feasibility study costs of the growth project. CapitalDuring 2021, there was no capital expenditure decreasedat La Colosa in Colombia or in Nevada, USA.

At the Corporate Office in Johannesburg, capital expenditure increased by $78$9 million at Obuasi in Ghana from $246 million in 2019 to $168$2 million in 2020 to $11 million in 2021, mainly due to expenditure on new furniture and computer equipment in connection with the commissioning of phase 1relocation of the redevelopment project on 1 October 2020, capitalisation of pre-production gold revenue against the project and delays asCorporate Office to a result of COVID-19. Capital expenditure decreased by $17 million at Tropicana from $106 million in 2019 to $89 million in 2020, due to lower deferred stripping, partly offset by higher pre-stripping capital and spend on the Boston Shaker growth project.new building.

Total capital expenditure was $754 million in 2019, compared to $645 million in 2018. This represents a $109 million, or 17 percent, increase from 2018. This increase is due to increased capital expenditure on growth related projects ($161 million) partially offset by decreased expenditure on existing operations ($52 million). Capital expenditure increased by $198 million at Obuasi in Ghana from $48 million in 2018 to $246 million in 2019, due to significant project ramp up in 2019 compared to 2018 in the areas of mining fleet acquisition and underground mining development related costs, processing plant refurbishment and upgrade, surface and underground infrastructure, project team and owner cost and pre-production capital. Capital expenditure increased by $30 million at Tropicana in Australia from $76 million in 2018 to $106 million in 2019, due to pre-stripping expenditure at Tropicana’s Boston Shaker 4 due to a shift in mining activity. Capital expenditure increased by $29 million at Quebradona in Colombia from $7 million in 2018 to $36 million in 2019, due to feasibility study costs of the project. Capital expenditure increased by $16 million at Geita in Tanzania from $59 million in 2018 to $75 million in 2019, due to an increase in Ore Reserve development capital, underground infrastructure development, and higher other sustaining capital as underground activities ramp up. The increase in capital expenditure was partially offset by decreased expenditure at Siguiri in Guinea by $74 million from $96 million in 2018 to $22 million in 2019, due to the completion and commissioning of the CIL combination plant in early 2019. Capital expenditure decreased at Sunrise Dam in Australia by $36 million from $79 million in 2018 to $43 million in 2019, due to decreased Ore Reserve development and sustaining capital due to the completion of large projects. Capital expenditure decreased at Iduapriem in Ghana by $27 million from $43 million in 2018 to $16 million in 2019, due to lower pre-stripping costs partially offset by stay in business capital. Capital expenditure decreased at Kibali in the DRC by $13 million from $64 million in 2018 to $51 million in 2019, due to the completion of capital projects in 2018.


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Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis for 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020

The companyCompany produces gold as its primary product and does not have distinct divisional segments in terms of principal business activity, but manages its business on the basis of different geographic segments. Therefore, information regarding separate geographic segments is provided.

Gold income
(in millions)Year ended 31 December
202020192018
$percent$percent$percent
Geographical analysis of gold income by origin is as follows:
Africa2,769 58 2,203 55 1,983 52 
Australia989 21 851 21 780 20 
Americas1,211 26 1,000 25 1,021 27 
4,969 4,054 3,784 
Less : Associates and equity-accounted joint ventures included above(647)(14)(615)(15)(581)(15)
Continuing operations4,322 3,439 3,203 
Discontinued operations408 9 554 14 602 16 
4,730 100 3,993 100 3,805 100 

Assets
(in millions)Year ended 31 December
202020192018
$percent$percent$percent
Geographical analysis of assets by origin is as follows:
South Africa— — 697 10 1,106 17 
Africa3,956 51 3,514 51 3,135 47 
Australia1,044 14 972 14 888 13 
Americas1,626 21 1,427 21 1,286 19 
Other, including non-gold producing subsidiaries1,046 14 253 4 228 4 
Total assets7,672 100 6,863 100 6,643 100 
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Gold income
(in millions)Year ended 31 December
202220212020
$percent$percent$percent
Restated
Geographical analysis of gold income by origin is as follows:
Africa2,981 68 2,644 68 2,937 60 
Australia967 22 890 23 989 20 
Americas1,036 24 1,028 26 1,211 25 
4,984 4,562 5,137 
Less : Associates and equity-accounted joint ventures included above(596)(14)(659)(17)(647)(13)
Continuing operations4,388 3,903 4,490 
Discontinued operations— — — — 408 8 
4,388 100 3,903 100 4,898 100 

Assets
(in millions)Year ended 31 December
202220212020
$percent$percent$percent
RestatedRestated
Geographical analysis of assets by origin is as follows:
Africa4,083 51 4,226 53 3,989 52 
Australia960 12 1,034 13 1,044 13 
Americas1,406 17 1,573 20 1,370 18 
Projects (1)
872 11 313 4 256 3 
Other, including non-gold producing subsidiaries751 9 854 10 1,046 14 
Total assets8,072 100 8,000 100 7,705 100 

(1) A new segment for Projects (previously reported under the Americas segment) has been introduced due to the implementation of the new Operating Model which comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities. Comparative information has been restated.

At 31 December 2022, 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020, none of AngloGold Ashanti’s totalproducing assets were located in South Africa, compared with ten percent at 31 December 2019, as a result of the endsale of 2019 due to the Company’s remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities being sold to Harmony.Harmony in September 2020. The remaining operations collectively accounted for approximately 100 percent of AngloGold Ashanti’s total assets at 31 December 20202022 compared to 90 percent at the end of the same period in 2019.

At 31 December 2019, ten percent of AngloGold Ashanti’s total assets were located in South Africa compared with 17 percent at the end of 2018. The remaining operations collectively accounted for approximately 90 percent of AngloGold Ashanti’s total assets at 31 December 2019 compared to 83 percent at the end of the same period in 2018.

Non-GAAP analysis

All-in sustaining costs and all-in costs

During 2018, the World Gold Council (WGC)(“WGC”), an industry body, published an updated Guidance Note on “all-in sustaining costs” and “all-in costs” metrics, which gold mining companies can use to supplement their overall non-GAAP disclosure. The WGC worked closely with its members (including AngloGold Ashanti) to develop these non-GAAP measures which are intended to provide further transparency into the full cost associated with producing gold. It is expected that these metrics, in particular, the “all-in sustaining cost” and “all-in cost” metrics which AngloGold Ashanti provides in this annual report on Form 20-F, will be helpful to investors, governments, local communities and other stakeholders in understanding the economics of gold mining. “All-in sustaining costs” is a non-GAAP measure which is an extension of the existing “total cash costs net of by-product revenue” metric and incorporates all costs related to sustaining production and in particular, recognises sustaining capital expenditures associated with developing and maintaining gold mines. In addition, this metric includes the cost associated with Corporate Office structures that support these operations, the community and environmental rehabilitation costs attendant with responsible mining and any exploration and evaluation cost associated with sustaining current operations. “All-in sustaining costs per ounce” is arrived at by dividing the dollar value of this cost metric by the ounces of gold sold. “All-in
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162
costs” is a non-GAAP measure comprising “all-in sustaining costs” including additional costs which reflect the varying costs of producing gold over the life-cycle of a mine including costs incurred at new operations and costs related to majorgrowth projects at existing operations, which are expected to increase production. “All-in costs per ounce” is arrived at by dividing the dollar value of this cost metric by the ounces of gold sold.

Total cash costs net of by-product revenue

“Total cash costs net of by-product revenue” is calculated in accordance with the guidelines of the Gold Institute industry standard and industry practice and is a non-GAAP measure. The Gold Institute, which has been incorporated into the National Mining Association, is a non-profit international association of miners, refiners, bullion suppliers and manufacturers of gold products, which developed a uniform format for reporting total cash costs on a per ounce basis. The guidance was first adopted in 1996 and revised in November 1999.

“Total cash costs net of by-product revenue” as calculated and reported by AngloGold Ashanti include costs for all mining, processing, onsite administration costs, royalties and production taxes, as well as contributions from by-products, but exclusive ofexclude amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets, rehabilitation costs and other non-cash costs, retrenchment costs, corporate administration, marketing and otherrelated costs, capital costs and exploration costs. “Total cash costs per ounce” is calculated by dividing attributable total cash costs net of by-product revenue by attributable ounces of gold produced.

Average gold price received per ounce

“Average gold price received per ounce” is a non-GAAP measure which gives an indication of revenue earned per unit of gold sold and includes gold income and realised non-hedge derivatives in its calculation and serves as a benchmark of performance against the market spot price of gold.gold price. This metric is calculated by dividing attributable gold income (price received) by attributable ounces of gold sold.

“All-in sustaining costs”, “all-in sustaining costs per ounce”, “all-in costs”, “all-in costs per ounce”, “total cash costs net of by-product revenue”, “total cash costs per ounce” and “average gold price received per ounce” should not be considered by investors in isolation or as alternatives to cost of sales, profit/(loss) applicable to equity shareholders, profit/(loss) before taxation, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with IFRS or as an indicator of the company’sCompany’s performance. While the WGC has published guidance on how to define “all-in sustaining costs” and “all-in costs” and the Gold Institute has provided definitions for the calculation of “total cash costs per ounce”, the calculation of these metrics may vary significantly among gold mining companies, and by themselves do not necessarily provide a basis for comparison with other gold mining companies.

However, AngloGold Ashanti believes that “all-in sustaining costs”, “all-in costs” and “total cash costs net of by-product revenue” in total by mine and per ounce by mine as well as “average gold price received per ounce”, are useful indicators to investors and management as they provide:

•an indication of profitability, efficiency and cash flows;
•the trend in costs as the mining operations mature over time on a consistent basis; and
•an internal benchmark of performance to allow for comparison against other mines, both within the AngloGold Ashanti groupGroup and at other gold mining companies.

Reconciliations

A reconciliation of gold income as included in the company’sCompany’s audited financial statements to “average gold price received per ounce” for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 20202022 is presented on a total basis in the table below.

Average gold price received per ounce for AngloGold AshantiAverage gold price received per ounce for AngloGold AshantiYear ended 31 DecemberAverage gold price received per ounce for AngloGold AshantiYear ended 31 December
202220212020
202020192018Restated
Gold income (million US dollars)Gold income (million US dollars)4,322 3,439 3,203 Gold income (million US dollars)4,388 3,903 4,490 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests (million US dollars)Adjusted for non-controlling interests (million US dollars)(95)(77)(84)Adjusted for non-controlling interests (million US dollars)(112)(103)(95)
4,227 3,362 3,119 4,276 3,800 4,395 
Associates and joint ventures' share of gold income including realised non-hedge derivatives (million US dollars)647 615 581 
Associates and joint ventures’ share of gold income including realised non-hedge derivatives (million US dollars)Associates and joint ventures’ share of gold income including realised non-hedge derivatives (million US dollars)596 659 647 
Attributable gold income (million US dollars)Attributable gold income (million US dollars)4,874 3,977 3,700 Attributable gold income (million US dollars)4,872 4,459 5,042 
Attributable gold sold excluding pre-production ounces - oz (000)2,741 2,852 2,922 
Attributable gold sold - oz (000)Attributable gold sold - oz (000)2,717 2,483 2,835 
Average gold price received per ounce ($/oz)Average gold price received per ounce ($/oz)1,778 1,394 1,266 Average gold price received per ounce ($/oz)1,793 1,796 1,778 

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A reconciliation of both cost of sales and total cash costs as included in the company’sCompany’s audited financial statements to “all-in sustaining costs”, “all-in sustaining costs per ounce”, “all-in costs”, “all-in costs per ounce”, “total cash costs net of by-product revenue” and “total cash costs per ounce” for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 20202022 is presented on a total and segment basis in the tables below.below starting on page 173. In addition, the companyCompany has provided detail of the attributable ounces of gold produced and sold by mine for each of those periods below.

The following table presents selected total operating data from continuing operations for the AngloGold Ashanti groupGroup for the three-year period ended 31 December 20202022:

Operating data for AngloGold Ashanti operations - TotalOperating data for AngloGold Ashanti operations - TotalYear ended 31 DecemberOperating data for AngloGold Ashanti operations - TotalYear ended 31 December
(continuing operations)

(continuing operations)

202020192018(continuing operations)
202220212020
Restated
Cost of sales (million US dollars) - Subsidiaries Cost of sales (million US dollars) - Subsidiaries2,699 2,626 2,584 Cost of sales (million US dollars) - Subsidiaries3,362 2,857 2,829 
Cost of sales (million US dollars) - Joint Ventures Cost of sales (million US dollars) - Joint Ventures340 428 480 Cost of sales (million US dollars) - Joint Ventures342 350 340 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce ($/oz) - Subsidiaries(1)
All-in sustaining costs per ounce ($/oz) - Subsidiaries(1)
1,072 1,017 970 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce ($/oz) - Subsidiaries(1)
1,439 1,441 1,082 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce ($/oz) - Joint Ventures(1)
All-in sustaining costs per ounce ($/oz) - Joint Ventures(1)
810 767 820 
All-in sustaining costs per ounce ($/oz) - Joint Ventures(1)
979 856 810 
All-in costs per ounce ($/oz) - Subsidiaries(1)
All-in costs per ounce ($/oz) - Subsidiaries(1)
1,240 1,218 1,075 
All-in costs per ounce ($/oz) - Subsidiaries(1)
1,658 1,695 1,259 
All-in costs per ounce ($/oz) - Joint Ventures(1)
All-in costs per ounce ($/oz) - Joint Ventures(1)
824 785 846 
All-in costs per ounce ($/oz) - Joint Ventures(1)
1,075 900 824 
Total cash costs per ounce ($/oz) - Subsidiaries(1)
Total cash costs per ounce ($/oz) - Subsidiaries(1)
815 763 743 
Total cash costs per ounce ($/oz) - Subsidiaries(1)
1,066 1,017 836 
Total cash costs per ounce ($/oz) - Joint Ventures(1)
Total cash costs per ounce ($/oz) - Joint Ventures(1)
629 657 680 
Total cash costs per ounce ($/oz) - Joint Ventures(1)
725 647 629 

(1)“All-in sustaining costs per ounce”, “all-in costs per ounce” and “total cash costs per ounce” are non-GAAP measures. For a detailed reconciliation of “all-in sustaining costs per ounce”, “all-in costs per ounce” and “total cash costs per ounce” for the company’sCompany’s total operations for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 2020,2022, refer to the relevant “AngloGold Ashanti operations - Total” tables below.

Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 20202022 with 20192021

Cost of sales

In Africa - Subsidiaries, cost of sales increased by $59$362 million, or five28 percent, to $1,232from $1,300 million in 2020 from $1,1732021 to $1,662 million in 2019.2022. The increase was mainlylargely due to an increase in labour and contractorcontractors’ costs, commodity prices, consumable stores, COVID-19 pandemic related spend, royalties, amortisation, and services, and other charges, partly offset by lower fuel and power costs, royalties paid and ore stockpile adjustments. In Guinea, at Siguiri,amortisation of tangible assets. Higher fuel and power costs were mainly due to the increase in the average price of Brent Crude oil, which increased from $71 per barrel in 2021 to $97 per barrel in 2022, a $26, or a 37 percent, per barrel increase. COVID-19 continued to present challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices, but to a lesser extent than in 2021.

At Iduapriem in Ghana, cost of sales increased by $62$76 million, or 2032 percent, to $377from $238 million in 2020 from $3152021 to $314 million in 2019. In2022. Cost of sales at Iduapriem increased year-on-year mainly due to higher amortisation of tangible assets as a result of higher production and higher capital expenditure in 2022. This increase in cost of sales was partly offset by lower environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs in 2022.

At Obuasi in Ghana, cost of sales increased by $102 million, or 62 percent, from $164 million in 2021 to $266 million in 2022. Cost of sales at Obuasi increased year-on-year mainly due to the resumption of stoping activities during 2022, following the temporary suspension of underground stoping activities in 2021 due to a sill pillar incident in May 2021. Amortisation of heavy mobile equipment increased mainly due to the reset of the useful life of the mining fleet and Mineral Reserve development amortisation increased as the assets were transferred from being under construction to Mineral Reserve development assets in 2022. Royalties paid were higher due to higher ounces of gold sold in 2022. Phase 3 of the Obuasi redevelopment project, was commissioned during 2020 incurringwhich relates principally to capital expenditure to refurbish existing infrastructure around the KMS Shaft, as well as to service the mine in deeper production areas, continued to progress. This increase in cost of sales was partly offset by lower environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs, and favourable gold inventory movements due to the lower cost of $34 millionunsold gold with the timing of gold shipments.

At Siguiri in 2020, from $nil in 2019. In Tanzania, at Geita,Guinea, cost of sales decreasedincreased by $29$78 million, or five19 percent, to $542from $410 million in 2019 from $5712021 to $488 million in 2019. In Ghana,2022. Cost of sales at Iduapriem,Siguiri increased year-on-year mainly due to higher fuel costs and an unfavourable movement in the exchange rate of the Guinean franc against the US dollar. This increase in cost of sales decreasedwas partly offset by $8lower environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs.

At Geita in Tanzania, cost of sales increased by $106 million, or three22 percent, to $280from $488 million in 2020 from $2882021 to $594 million in 2019.2022. Cost of sales at Geita increased year-on-year mainly due to higher fuel costs, increased engineering costs from the acceleration of HME fleet rebuilds as the open pit mine expanded, as well as higher underground mining contractors’ costs and higher royalties paid. Mineral Reserve development amortisation increased mainly due to a variation in the expenditure pattern which did not occur in 2021. Amortisation of leases increased mainly due to contract modifications in 2022. Amortisation of



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tangible assets increased mainly due to a reset of the amortisation drivers early in 2022. This increase in cost of sales was partly offset by lower inventory costs.

In Africa - Joint Ventures, cost of sales decreased by $88$8 million, or 21two percent, to $340from $350 million in 2020 from $4282021 to $342 million in 2019.2022. The decrease was mainly due to the Sadiolalower amortisation of tangible assets, favourable movements in stockpiles and Morila operations reaching the end of their operating lives and the incurrence of $90 million cost of sales during 2019 which was not repeatedlower royalties paid due to a decrease in 2020. On 10 November 2020, AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner Barrick completed the sale of the Morila goldounces sold, partly offset by higher fuel costs. The Kibali mine in Mali to Firefinch Limited. On 30 December 2020, AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner IAMGOLD completed the sale of the Sadiola gold mine in Mali to Allied Gold. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Mali”. In the DRC at Kibali, cost of sales increased by $2 million, or 0.5 percent, to $340 millionwas the only operating asset in 2020 from $338 millionAfrica - Joint Ventures in 2019.2022.

In the Americas, cost of sales decreasedincreased by $58$91 million, or seven11 percent, to $764 million in 2020 from $822 million in 2019. The decrease was mainly due2021 to the weakening of the local currencies against the US dollar, decrease in rehabilitation and other non-cash costs and lower fuel costs, partly offset by increase in contractor costs and COVID-19 pandemic related spend. The Argentinian peso weakened by 46 percent and the Brazilian real weakened by 31 percent, against the US dollar. In Brazil, at AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do Sítio Mineração, cost of sales decreased by $26 million, or six percent, to $391$913 million in 2020 from $417 million in 2019. At Serra Grande, cost of sales decreased by $28 million, or 22 percent, to $102 million in 2020 from $130 million in 2019. In Argentina, at Cerro Vanguardia, cost of sales decreased by $5 million, or two percent, to $269 million in 2020 from $274 million in 2019. In the Americas other segment, cost of sales increased by $1 million, or 100 percent, to $2 million in 2020 from $1 million in 2019.

In Australia, cost of sales increased by $73 million, or 12 percent, to $705 million in 2020 from $632 million in 2019.2022. The increase was mainly due to an increase in labour and contractorcontractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, royalties, COVID-19 pandemic related spend,amortisation of right of use assets, services and other charges, power and ore stockpile adjustments,fuel cost, and write down of inventory, and the strengthening of the Brazilian real against the US dollar. The higher labour and contractors’ costs were mainly due to challenges relating to shortages of critical skills. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to increases in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, explosives, timber and reagents. COVID-19 continued to present challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices, but to a lesser extent than in 2021. The higher fuel costs were mainly due to the increase in the price of Brent Crude oil. The increase was partly offset by lower environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs in 2022 as compared with 2021 as well as the weakening of the Argentinean peso against the US dollar.

At AGA Mineração in Brazil, cost of sales increased by $42 million, or ten percent, from $435 million in 2021 to $477 million in 2022. Cost of sales at AGA Mineração increased year-on-year mainly due to higher commodity prices (oil, iron ore and construction materials) and higher costs of services, fuel, power and labour, write down of inventory, and a four percent strengthening of the Brazilian real against the US dollar.

At Serra Grande in Brazil, cost of sales increased by $39 million, or 32 percent, from $123 million in 2021 to $162 million in 2022. Cost of sales at Serra Grande increased year-on-year mainly due to higher commodity prices, higher cost of labour, consumables, fuel and power as well as activity changes primarily caused by various production challenges encountered during 2022. Cost of sales was further increased by a four percent strengthening of the Brazilian real against the US dollar.

At Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina, cost of sales increased by $12 million, or five percent, from $261 million in 2021 to $273 million in 2022. Cost of sales at Cerro Vanguardia increased year-on-year mainly due to higher salary increases, fuel costs, higher materials consumption (such as fuel, explosives, and spare parts) because of higher tonnes mined. This increase was partly offset by a 37 percent weakening of the Argentinean peso against the US dollar, and favourable inventory change movements.

In the Americas other segment, cost of sales decreased by $2 million, or 67 percent, from $3 million in 2021 to $1 million in 2022.

In Australia, cost of sales increased by $43 million, or six percent, from $740 million in 2021 to $783 million in 2022. The increase was mainly due to an increase in mining contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, services and other charges, power and fuel costs, gold in process adjustments, deferred stripping amortisation and theamortisation of mining assets. This increase was partly offset by an eight percent weakening of the Australian dollar against the US dollar. The higher mining contractors’ costs were mainly due to cost increases resulting from challenges with shortages of critical skills. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, explosives, timber and reagents. COVID-19 continued to present challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices, but to a lesser extent than in 2021. The higher fuel costs were mainly due to the increase in the price of Brent Crude oil. The increase in deferred stripping amortisation was mainly due to the mining and depletion of different ore bodies. The increase in the amortisation of mining assets was mainly due to higher production in 2022 compared with 2021. These increases were partly offset by a decrease in environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs in 2022.

At Sunrise Dam in Australia, cost of sales increased by $24$7 million, or eighttwo percent, to $342from $364 million in 2020 from $3182021 to $371 million in 2019. 2022. Cost of sales at Sunrise Dam increased year-on-year primarily due to higher mining contractors’ costs (mainly higher cost of labour due to critical skill shortages), and higher fuel and mining costs. This increase was partly offset by a lower cost of gold inventory changes due to timing of gold pours and shipments.

At Tropicana in Australia, cost of sales increased by $41$36 million, or 14ten percent, to $338from $346 million in 2020 from $2972021 to $382 million in 2019.2022. Cost of sales at Tropicana increased year-on-year mainly due to higher mining contractors’ costs (mainly higher cost of labour due to critical skill shortages), consumable stores, service costs, fuel and power costs, gold inventory changes, royalties paid and higher Mineral Reserve development and deferred stripping amortisation. This increase was partly offset by lower environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs and ore stockpile movements.

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Overall, the subsidiaries’ cost of sales increased by $505 million, or 18 percent, from $2,626$2,857 million in 20192021 to $2,699$3,362 million in 2020, which represents a $73 million, or three percent increase.2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in cash operating costs by $50$394 million, or three18 percent, to $1,881from $2,160 million in 2020 from $1,8312021 to $2,554 million in 2019 and2022, an increase in royalties paid by $44$23 million, or 3214 percent, to $181from $162 million in 2020 from $1372021



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to $185 million in 2019,2022, an increase in amortisation of tangible assets of $140 million, or 34 percent, from $411 million in 2021 to $551 million in 2022, an increase in amortisation of right of use assets of $18 million, or 29 percent, from $63 million in 2021 to $81 million in 2022. This increase was partly offset by an inventory change of $36 million, from a charge of $6 million in 2021 to a credit of $30 million in 2022, and a decrease in environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs by $21of $38 million, or 40100 percent, to $32from $38 million in 2020 from $53 million2021 to nil in 2019.2022. The increase in cash operating costs iswas primarily due to higher labour and contractorcontractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, COVID-19 pandemic related spend, services and other charges partly offset by loweras well as fuel and power costs.costs in 2022 compared to 2021. The increase in royalties paid was mainly due to higher ounces sold in 2022 compared to 2021. The increase in amortisation of tangible assets was mainly due to the Obuasi redevelopment project continuing to ramp up to full production, higher deferred stripping amortisation at Tropicana and Iduapriem, and higher Mineral Reserve development amortisation at Tropicana and Geita in 2022 compared to 2021. The increase in amortisation of right of use assets was mainly due to a change in business strategy whereby certain heavy mobile equipment is leased, mainly at the Brazil operations. The decrease in inventory change was mainly due to lower amortisation of inventories resulting from the suspension of tailings disposal and processing plant effluents treatment. The decrease in environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs arose from thewas mainly due to changes to restoration provision cash flows, inflation rateslower costs and discount rates in 2022 compared to 2019.2021.

All-in sustaining costs per ounce

In Africa - Subsidiaries, all-in sustaining costs increased by $28$27 per ounce, or threetwo percent, to $975from $1,264 per ounce in 2020 from $9472021 to $1,291 per ounce in 2019.2022. This increase was mainly due to an increase in cost of sales at Siguiri due to theand an increase in hard rock processing capability which resulted in a higher plant throughput during 2020. The higher plant throughput has been partly offset by lower than planned recovery rate from high levels of carbon in the ore affecting the capacity to recover gold. This led to higher processing costs year-on-year as a result of higher reagent consumption. The increase was partly offset by lower cost of sales at Geita driven by a build-up of ore stockpiles and lower mining costs, boosted by the move to owner mining. During 2020, the Obuasi redevelopment project was commissioned with higher level of sales as the project continued to ramp-up. Capitalsustaining capital expenditure, increased at Iduapriem due to higher pre-stripping activities and stay-in-business capital, at Siguiri to resolve the current recovery and throughput challenges of the newly commissioned plant, at Geita due to increased Ore Reserve development expenditure as a result of more underground activities and more exploration work done in 2020. The higher cost of sales and capital spend was partly offset by an increase in ounces of gold sold (excluding pre-production ounces)sold. For a discussion of 59,000 ounces, or five percent, from 1,096,000 ouncesthe increase in 2019cost of sales in Africa - Subsidiaries during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021—Cost of sales”. Sustaining capital expenditure in Africa - Subsidiaries increased as the region continued to 1,155,000 ouncesimplement its reinvestment programme. At Iduapriem in 2020,Ghana, sustaining capital expenditure decreased year-on-year mainly due to lower pre-stripping expenditure in Cut 2. At Obuasi in Ghana, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to the transition to predominantly underground operations which resulted in increased tonnes treated at Geita and the commissioningongoing progress of Phase 3 of the Obuasi redevelopment project, which relates principally to capital expenditure to refurbish existing infrastructure around the KMS Shaft, as well as to service the mine in deeper production areas. At Siguiri in Guinea, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to increased stay-in-business capital expenditure in 2022. At Geita, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to higher deferred stripping activities, stay-in-business capital expenditure and Mineral Reserve development capital expenditure. Gold sold in Africa - Subsidiaries increased by 221,000 ounces, or 21 percent, from 1.060 million ounces in 2021 to 1.281 million ounces in 2022. The increase was largely due to higher production across all operations in Africa other than Kibali. For a discussion of the increase in production at Obuasi.the Africa operations (other than Kibali) during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

In Africa - Joint Ventures, all-in sustaining costs increased by $43$123 per ounce, or six14 percent, to $810from $856 per ounce in 2020 from $7672021 to $979 per ounce in 2019.2022. This increase was mainly due to an increase in sustaining capital expenditure and lower ounces of gold sold, partly offset by lower cost of sales. For a discussion of the decrease in cost of sales in Africa - Joint Ventures during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021—Cost of sales”. Sustaining capital expenditure in Africa - Joint Ventures increased mainly due to higher stay-in-business capital expenditure. Gold sold in Africa - Joint Ventures decreased by 35,000 ounces, or ten percent, from 367,000 ounces in 2021 to 332,000 ounces in 2022. The decrease was mainly due to lower production from Kibali. For a discussion of the decrease in production at Kibali during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.The Kibali mine in the DRC was the only operating asset in Africa - Joint Ventures in 2022.

In the Americas, all-in sustaining costs increased by $136 per ounce, or 9 percent, from $1,582 per ounce in 2021 to $1,718 per ounce in 2022. This increase was mainly due to an increase in cost of sales, lower amortisation and an increase in sustaining capital expenditure at Kibali and gold sold decreased by 77,000 ounces, or 17 percent, from 442,000 ounces in 2019 to 365,000 ounces in 2020. During 2020, the Sadiola and Morila operations reached the end of their operating lives and recorded no cost of sales and no gold sales. On 10 November 2020, AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner Barrick completed the sale of the Morila gold mine in Mali to Firefinch Limited. On 30 December 2020, AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner IAMGOLD completed the sale of the Sadiola gold mine in Mali to Allied Gold. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Mali”.

In the Americas, all-in sustaining costs decreased by $29 per ounce, or three percent, to $1,003 per ounce in 2020 from $1,032 per ounce in 2019. This decrease was mainly due to the weakening of the local currencies against the US dollar, decrease in rehabilitation and other non-cash and lower fuel costs, partly offset by an increase in contractor costs, COVID-19 pandemic related spend, increased capital expenditure at AGA Mineração mainly due to increased Ore Reserve development expenditure and spend on tailings storage facilities. Gold sold decreased by 36,000 ounces in 2020, as compared to 2019, mainly due to lower gold sold at Cerro Vanguardia and Serra Grande.

In Australia, all-in sustaining costs increased by $235 per ounce, or 24 percent, to $1,225 per ounce in 2020 from $990 per ounce in 2019. This increase was mainly due to an increase in cost of sales at Sunrise Dam and Tropicana, partly offset by lower sustaining capital expenditure at Tropicana. Gold soldand higher ounces of gold sold. For a discussion of the increase in cost of sales in the Americas during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021—Cost of sales”. Sustaining capital expenditure in the Americas decreased by 57,000 ouncesas the region had lower investment in 2020,TSF projects in 2022 as compared to 2019,2021. At AGA Mineração in Brazil, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to higher Mineral Reserve development expenditures. At Serra Grande in Brazil, sustaining capital expenditure decreased year-on-year mainly due to lower TSF expenditures, partly offset by higher Mineral Reserve development expenditures. At Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina, sustaining capital expenditure decreased year-on-year mainly due to lower expenditure on TSFs in 2022, partly offset by higher deferred stripping capital and Mineral Reserve development expenditures in 2022. Gold sold in the Americas increased by 4,000 ounces, or one percent, from 561,000 ounces in 2021 to 565,000 ounces in 2022. This increase was mainly due to higher production from Serra Grande and Cerro Vanguardia, partly offset by lower production from AGA Mineração. For a discussion of the increase in production at the Americas operations during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

In Australia, all-in sustaining costs decreased by $155 per ounce, or ten percent, from $1,500 per ounce in 2021 to $1,345 per ounce in 2022. The decrease was mainly due to lower sustaining capital expenditure and an increase in ounces of gold sold, partly offset by an increase in cost of sales. For a discussion of the increase in cost of sales in Australia during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021—Cost of sales”. Sustaining capital expenditure decreased in Australia mainly due to lower stripping and pre-stripping expenditure. At Sunrise



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Dam in Australia, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to the camp extension. At Tropicana in Australia, sustaining capital expenditure decreased year-on-year mainly due to lower deferred stripping and pre-stripping expenditure due to mining different ore bodies and at different phases to 2021. Gold sold in Australia increased by 44,000 ounces, or 9 percent, from 495,000 ounces in 2021 to 539,000 ounces in 2022. This increase was mainly due to higher production at Sunrise Dam and Tropicana. For a discussion of the increase in production at the Australia operations during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

All-in costs per ounce

In Africa - Subsidiaries, all-in costs decreased by $88$82 per ounce, or sevenfive percent, to $1,149from $1,516 per ounce in 2020 from $1,2372021 to $1,434 per ounce in 2019.2022. This decrease was mainly due to lower growth capital spend at Obuasi and revenue from pre-productionan increase in gold sold, capitalised against thelower non-sustaining project capital expenditure and the commissioninglower care and maintenance costs, partly offset by higher all-in sustaining costs. At Obuasi in Ghana, Phase 3 of the Obuasi redevelopment project, which relates principally to capital expenditure to refurbish existing infrastructure around the KMS Shaft, as well as to service the mine in deeper production areas, continues to progress. Care and maintenance activities of $45 million incurred in 2021 at the Obuasi mine during 2020, partly offset by an increasethe voluntary suspension of underground mining between May and October 2021 following a sill pillar incident were not repeated in all-in sustaining costs2022. Non-sustaining project capital expenditure at Siguiri. Gold sold increased by 59,000 ounces, in 2020, as compared to 2019,Obuasi was lower mainly due to the transitiondifferent project scopes and cash flows. This decrease was largely offset by higher non-sustaining project capital expenditure at Iduapriem in Ghana mainly due to predominantly underground operations which resultedincreased TSF investment in increased tonnes treated at Geita and commissioning2022. For a discussion of the redevelopment project at Obuasi.increase in ounces of gold sold in Africa - Subsidiaries during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021—All-in sustaining costs per ounce”.

In Africa - Joint Ventures, all-in costs increased by $39$175 per ounce, or five19 percent, to $824from $900 per ounce in 2020 from $7852021 to $1,075 per ounce in 2019.2022. This increase was mainly due to an increase in all-in sustaining costs and higher non-sustaining project capital expenditure, and lower gold sold. For a discussion of the decrease in ounces of gold sold in Africa - Joint Ventures during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of 77,000 ounces, or 17 percent, from 442,000 ouncesoperating performance on a segment basis in 2019 to 365,000 ounces2022 with 2021—All-in sustaining costs per ounce”. The Kibali mine in 2020.the DRC was the only operating asset in Africa - Joint Ventures in 2022.

In the Americas, all-in costs decreased by $4$83 per ounce, to $1,179or 4 percent, from $1,858 per ounce in 2020 from $1,1832021 to $1,775 per ounce in 2019.2022. This decrease was mainly due to a decrease in all-in sustaining costshigher ounces of gold sold and a decrease in corporatelower non-sustaining exploration and social responsibility costs not related to current operations,study cost expenditure at the Colombian and Nevada growth projects, partly offset by anhigher all-in sustaining costs. For a discussion of the increase in growth capital spend atounces of gold sold in the Colombia projects. Gold soldAmericas during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021—All-in sustaining costs per ounce”.

In Australia, all-in costs decreased by 36,000 ounces$94 per ounce, or 5 percent, from $1,725 per ounce in 2020, as compared2021 to 2019,$1,631 per ounce in 2022. This decrease was mainly due to lower gold sold at Cerro Vanguardia and Serra Grande.
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In Australia, all-in costs increased by $284 per ounce, or 26 percent, to $1,356 per ounce in 2020 from $1,072 per ounce in 2019. This increase was mainly due to an increase in all-in sustaining costs, andlower non-sustaining exploration and study costs relating to growth deposits at Sunrise Dam. GoldDam and Tropicana, and higher ounces of gold sold, decreasedpartly offset by 57,000higher non-sustaining project capital expenditure at Tropicana on the Havana cutback project. For a discussion of the increase in ounces of gold sold in 2020, as compared to 2019, mainly due to lower gold sales at Tropicana.Australia during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2022 with 2021—All-in sustaining costs per ounce”.

Total cash costs per ounce

The currencies of Argentina Australia and BrazilAustralia were, on average, weaker against the US dollar during 20202022 as compared to 2019,2021, which positively impacted total cash costs per ounce for 2020.2022. This positive impact was partly offset by the currency of Brazil being, on average, stronger against the US dollar during 2022 as compared to 2021. Total production in 2022 was higher as compared to 2021, which positively impacted total cash costs per ounce for 2022. For a discussion of production during 2022, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2022”.

In Africa - Subsidiaries, total cash costs per ounce decreasedincreased by $4,$32 per ounce, or 0.5three percent, to $797from $991 per ounce in 2020 from $8012021 to $1,023 per ounce in 2019.2022. The decreaseincrease was mainly due to a 52,000-ounce increase in production (excluding pre-production ounces). The decrease was partially offset by an increase in total cash costs.

In Tanzania, at Geita, total cash costs per ounce decreased by $54, or eight percent, to $641 per ounce in 2020 from $695 per ounce in 2019. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in total cash costs and a 19,000 ounce increase in production.

In Ghana, at Iduapriem, total cash costs per ounce decreased by $84, or ten percent, to $731 per ounce in 2020 compared to $815 per ounce in 2019 due to a decrease in total cash costs, production during 2020 remained consistent with the prior year's production at 275,000 ounces. At Obuasi, the Obuasi redevelopment project was commissioned during 2020 with total cash costs per ounce of $1,145 and 30,000 ounces production.

In Guinea, at Siguiri, total cash costs per ounce increased by $202, or 19 percent, to $1,293 per ounce in 2020 from $1,091 per ounce in 2019 mainly due to an increase in total cash costs, partly offset by a 2,000-ounce244,000 ounce increase in production.

At Iduapriem in Ghana, total cash costs per ounce decreased by $111 per ounce, or ten percent, from $1,081 per ounce in 2021 to $970 per ounce in 2022. Total cash costs per ounce decreased year-on-year mainly due to higher production and favourable movements in stockpiles, partly offset by an increase in fuel costs and higher royalties paid.

At Obuasi in Ghana, total cash costs per ounce decreased by $198 per ounce, or 18 percent, from $1,112 per ounce in 2021 to $914 per ounce in 2022. Total cash costs per ounce decreased year-on-year mainly due to higher production.

At Siguiri in Guinea, total cash costs per ounce increased by $119 per ounce, or ten percent, from $1,200 per ounce in 2021 to $1,319 per ounce in 2022. Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year mainly due to higher fuel costs and an unfavourable movement in the exchange rate of the Guinean franc against the US dollar, partly offset by an increase in production.




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At Geita in Tanzania, total cash costs per ounce increased by $122 per ounce, or 15 percent, from $822 per ounce in 2021 to $944 per ounce in 2022. Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year mainly due to higher fuel costs, increased engineering costs from the heavy mining equipment maintenance as the open-pit mine expanded, as well as higher underground mining contractors’ costs and higher royalties paid. This increase was partly offset by higher gold production.

In Africa - Joint Ventures, total cash costs per ounce decreasedincreased by $28,$78 per ounce, or four12 percent, to $629from $647 per ounce in 2020 from $6572021 to $725 per ounce in 2019.2022. The decreaseincrease was mainly due to a decrease in total cash costs. The decrease was partiallylower production and higher fuel costs, partly offset by a 81,000-ounce decreasefavourable movements in production.

In Mali, during 2020, the Sadiolastockpiles and Morila operations reached the end of their operating lives and recorded $nil cost of sales and nil gold sales. On 10 November 2020, AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner Barrick completed the sale of the Morila goldlower royalties paid. The Kibali mine in Mali to Firefinch Limited. On 30 December 2020, AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner IAMGOLD completed the sale ofDRC was the Sadiola gold mineonly operating asset in Mali to Allied Gold. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Mali”.Africa - Joint Ventures in 2022.

In the DRC, at Kibali,Americas, total cash costs per ounce increased by $57,$157 per ounce, or ten17 percent, to $629from $921 per ounce in 2020 from $5722021 to $1,078 per ounce in 2019.2022. The increase was mainly due to an increase in total cash costs, andpartly offset by a 2,000-ounce decrease10,000 ounce increase in production.

In the Americas, total cash costs per ounce decreased by $15, or two percent, to $721 per ounce in 2020 from $736 per ounce in 2019. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in cost of sales and an increase in by-product revenue, partially offset by a 61,000 ounce decrease in production.

In Brazil, at AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do SítioAt AGA Mineração total cash costs per ounce decreased by $35, or four percent, to $747 per ounce in 2020 from $782 per ounce in 2019, primarily due to a decrease in total cash costs, while production during 2020 remained consistent with the prior year’s production at 362,000 ounces. At Serra Grande, total cash costs per ounce decreased by $42, or six percent, to $665 per ounce in 2020 from $707 per ounce in 2019, primarily due to a decrease in total cash costs, partly offset by a 9,000-ounce decrease in production.

In Argentina, at Cerro Vanguardia,Brazil, total cash costs per ounce increased by $26,$230 per ounce, or four27 percent, to $699from $858 per ounce in 2020 from $6732021 to $1,088 per ounce in 2019, primarily2022 . Total cash costs per ounce were higher year-on-year mainly due to a 52,000-ounce decreaselower production, higher fuel costs, lower by-product revenue, unfavourable movement in production,inventories, repair costs incurred in the second half of 2022 due to extreme weather earlier in 2022, and an unfavourable movement in the exchange rate of the Brazilian real against the US dollar.

At Serra Grande in Brazil, total cash costs per ounce increased by $163 per ounce, or 14 percent, from $1,192 per ounce in 2021 to $1,355 per ounce in 2022. Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year mainly due to higher fuel costs, higher royalties paid and an unfavourable movement in the exchange rate of the Brazilian real against the US dollar, partly offset by anhigher production.

At Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina, total cash costs per ounce increased by $19 per ounce, or two percent, from $894 per ounce in 2021 to $913 per ounce in 2022. Total cash costs per ounce were higher year-on-year mainly due to higher fuel costs, higher materials consumption (such as fuel, explosives, and spare parts) as a result of higher tonnes mined and lower by-product revenue due to lower silver sales. This increase was partly offset by higher gold production and a favourable movement in by-product revenue.the exchange rate of the Argentinean peso against the US dollar.

In Australia, total cash costs per ounce increaseddecreased by $238,$39 per ounce, or 33three percent, to $968from $1,196 per ounce in 2020 from $7302021 to $1,157 per ounce in 2019,2022, primarily due to a 44,000 ounce increase in production, partly offset by an increase in total cash costs and a 60,000-ounce decrease in production.costs.

At Sunrise Dam in Australia, total cash costs per ounce increased by $55,$81 per ounce, or fivesix percent, to $1,069from $1,321 per ounce in 2020 compared2021 to $1,014$1,402 per ounce in 2019, mainly2022. Total cash costs per ounce were higher year-on-year primarily due to an increase in total cashhigher fuel and mining costs, partly offset by 2,000 ounce increasea favourable movement in production.the exchange rate of the Australian dollar against the US dollar.

At Tropicana in Australia, total cash costs per ounce increaseddecreased by $303,$106 per ounce, or 6011 percent, to $807from $987 per ounce in 2020 compared2021 to $504$881 per ounce in 2019,2022. Total cash costs per ounce decreased year-on-year mainly due to higher gold production, lower mining costs related to an increase in total cashore mining volumes in the Boston Shaker open pit and underground mine, a favourable movement in ore stockpiles and a favourable movement in the exchange rate of the Australian dollar against the US dollar, partly offset by higher fuel costs and a 62,000 ounce decrease in production.higher royalties paid.

Overall the subsidiaries’ total cash costs per ounce increased by $52,$49, or sevenfive percent, to $815from $1,017 per ounce in 2020 compared2021 to $763$1,066 per ounce in 2019.2022. The increase was mainly due to an increase in total cash costs andpartly offset by a 70,000-ounce decrease298,000 ounce increase in production.
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Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 20192021 with 20182020

Cost of sales

In Africa - Subsidiaries, cost of sales increaseddecreased by $46$62 million, or fourfive percent, to $1,173from $1,362 million in 2019 from $1,1272020 to $1,300 million in 2018.2021. The increasedecrease was mainly due to increasesa significant amount of waste stripping capitalised, a decrease in total amortisation, inventory change,royalties paid due to lower ounces of gold sold in 2021 and improved efficiencies, partly offset by an increase in labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs. In Tanzania, at Geita,costs, amortisation of right of use assets, services and other charges, power and fuel costs and higher ore stockpile adjustments. COVID-19 presented challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices. Higher fuel and power costs were mainly due to the increase in the average price of Brent Crude oil, which increased from $42 per barrel in 2020 to $71 per barrel in 2021, a $29, or a 69 percent, per barrel increase.

At Iduapriem in Ghana, cost of sales decreased by $41$42 million, or seven15 percent, to $571from $280 million in 2019 from $6122020 to $238 million in 2018. In2021. Cost of sales at Iduapriem decreased year-on-year mainly due to a significant amount of waste stripping capitalised at



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Teberebie Cut 2 in 2021 compared to 2020, together with a decrease in royalties paid due to lower ounces of gold sold and an inventory change due to ore stockpile movements.

At Obuasi in Ghana, cost of sales in 2021 remained unchanged from 2020 at Iduapriem,$164 million. Phase 1 of the Obuasi redevelopment project commenced commercial production from 1 October 2020. Underground mining activities were voluntarily suspended between 18 May 2021 and 15 October 2021 at the Obuasi mine, following a sill pillar incident. From 15 October 2021, underground mining resumed to replenish the run-of-mine stockpile without corresponding gold production and related cost of sales. Since the voluntary suspension of underground mining activities, care and maintenance costs of $45 million were incurred at Obuasi during 2021.

At Siguiri in Guinea, cost of sales increased by $55$33 million, or 24nine percent, to $288from $377 million in 2019 from $2332020 to $410 million in 2018. In Guinea,2021. Cost of sales at Siguiri increased year-on-year mainly as a result of additional volumes of ore mined resulting in higher operating costs, increases on fuel and reagent costs, and higher royalties paid from additional volumes sold in 2021.

At Geita in Tanzania, cost of sales increaseddecreased by $29$54 million, or ten percent, to $315from $542 million in 2019 from $2862020 to $488 million in 2018.2021. Cost of sales at Geita decreased year-on-year mainly due to lower royalties paid and improved efficiencies in that more open pit tonnes were mined in 2021 at a lower rate per tonne than in 2020. This decrease was partly offset by lower grades as well as the depletion of ore stockpiles in 2021 compared to an increase in ore stockpiles during 2020.

In Africa - Joint Ventures, cost of sales decreasedincreased by $52$10 million, or 11three percent, to $428from $340 million in 2019 from $4802020 to $350 million in 2018.2021. The decreaseincrease was mainly due to favourable inventorylower open-pit recovered grades, unfavourable movements lower amortisationin stockpiles, higher royalties paid due to an increase in the average gold price received, and lower fuel expense. In Mali, at Morila, cost of sales decreased by $6 million, or 14 percent,additional reagent consumption costs, as compared to $36 million2020. The Kibali mine in 2019 from $42 million in 2018. At Sadiola, cost of sales decreased by $11 million, or 17 percent, to $54 million in 2019 from $65 million in 2018. In the DRC at Kibali, cost of sales decreased by $35 million, or nine percent, to $338 millionwas the only operating asset in 2019 from $373 millionAfrica - Joint Ventures in 2018.2021.

In the Americas, cost of sales decreasedincreased by $16$58 million, or twoeight percent, from $764 million in 2020 to $822 million in 2019 from $838 million in 2018.2021. The decreaseincrease was mainly due to an increase in labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, amortisation of right of use assets, services and other charges, power and fuel cost, write down of inventory and environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs. The higher labour and contractors’ costs were mainly due to COVID-19 related cost increases resulting from challenges with travel restrictions and shortages of critical skills. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, lime and other reagents. COVID-19 presented challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices. The higher fuel costs were mainly due to the increase in the price of Brent Crude oil. The increase in cost of sales was partly offset by lower royalties paid due to lower ounces of gold sold in 2021 as compared to 2020, lower amortisation of tangible assets due to lower ounces of gold produced in 2021 as compared to 2020 as well as the weakening of the local currencies the Argentinian peso by 72 percent and the Brazilian real by eight percent, against the US dollar. In Brazil, at AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do Sítio

At AGA Mineração in Brazil, cost of sales increased by $35$43 million, or nine11 percent, from $392 million in 2020 to $435 million in 2021. Cost of sales at AGA Mineração increased year-on-year mainly due to higher commodity prices (oil, iron ore and construction materials) and higher costs of services and labour. This increase was partly offset by lower royalties paid due to lower ounces of gold sold and a five percent weakening of the Brazilian real against the US dollar.

At Serra Grande in Brazil, cost of sales increased by $22 million, or 22 percent, to $417$123 million in 20192021 from $382$101 million in 2018. At2020. Cost of sales at Serra Grande increased year-on-year mainly due to higher commodity prices and higher cost of services and labour as well as inefficiencies primarily caused by higher absenteeism due to COVID-19 and various production challenges encountered during 2021. This increase was partly offset by a five percent weakening of the Brazilian real against the US dollar.

At Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina, cost of sales decreased by $8 million, or three percent, from $269 million in 2020 to $261 million in 2021. Cost of sales at Cerro Vanguardia decreased year-on-year mainly due to a 35 percent weakening of the Argentinean peso against the US dollar, and favourable inventory change movements. This decrease was partly offset by higher salary increases, additional costs relating to COVID-19 tests and other related medical costs in line with COVID-19 protocols and higher materials consumption (such as fuel, explosives and spare parts) as a result of higher tonnes mined.

In the Americas other segment, cost of sales increased by $1 million, or one50 percent, to $130from $2 million in 2019 from $1292020 to $3 million in 2018. In Argentina, at Cerro Vanguardia, cost of sales decreased by $51 million, or 16 percent, to $274 million in 2019 from $325 million in 2018.2021.

In Australia, cost of sales increased by $10$35 million, or twofive percent, to $632from $705 million in 2019 from $6222020 to $740 million in 2018.2021. The increase was mainly due to an increase in labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, amortisation of right of use assets, services and inventory change. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in service-relatedother charges, power and fuel costs, ore stockpile adjustments and the weakeningstrengthening of the Australian dollar against the US dollar. dollar by eight percent. The higher labour and contractors’ costs were mainly due to COVID-19 related cost increases resulting from challenges with travel restrictions and shortages of critical skills. Higher commodity costs were mainly due to an increase in the prices of steel, support and construction materials, lime and other reagents. COVID-19 presented challenges within the overall logistics sector resulting in higher cost of transportation, warehousing and inventory prices. The higher fuel costs were mainly due to the increase in the price of Brent Crude oil. This



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increase in cost of sales was partly offset by a decrease in environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs, amortisation of waste stripping and royalties paid.

At Sunrise Dam in Australia, cost of sales increased by $22 million, or six percent, from $342 million in 2020 to $364 million in 2021. Cost of sales at Sunrise Dam increased year-on-year primarily due to higher mining costs (mainly higher cost of labour due to critical skill shortages), partly offset by lower royalties paid.

At Tropicana in Australia, cost of sales increased by $8 million, or threetwo percent, to $318from $338 million in 2019 from $3102020 to $346 million in 2018. At2021. Cost of sales at Tropicana increased year-on-year mainly due to higher mining costs (mainly higher cost of sales increased by $4 million, or one percent,labour due to $297 million in 2019 from $293 million in 2018.critical skill shortages), inventory movements and the impact of higher underground and open pit mining costs.

Overall the subsidiaries’ cost of sales increased by $28 million, or one percent, from $2,584$2,829 million in 20182020 to $2,626$2,857 million in 2019, which represents a $42 million, or two percent increase.2021. The increase was primarily due to a $36an increase in cash operating costs by $148 million, or seven percent, from $2,012 million in 2020 to $2,160 million in 2021, an increase in environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs by $6 million, or 19 percent, from $32 million in 2020 to $38 million in 2021, an increase in amortisation of right of use assets by $16 million, or 34 percent, from $47 million in 2020 to $63 million in 2021. This increase was partly offset by a decrease in royalties paid by $19 million, or ten percent, from $181 million in 2020 to $162 million in 2021, a decrease in amortisation of tangible assets of $115 million, or 22 percent, from $526 million in 2020 to $411 million in 2021 and an inventory change of $8 million, or 57 percent, from a charge of $14 million in 2020 to a charge of $6 million in 2021. The increase in cash operating costs was mainly due to higher labour and contractors’ costs, commodity prices, logistics costs, consumable stores, COVID-19 pandemic related expenditure, services and other charges as a result ofwell as fuel and power costs. The increase in environmental rehabilitation and other non-cash costs was mainly due to the changes to restoration provision cash flows, inflation ratescost increases and discount rates.rates in 2021 compared to 2020. The increase in amortisation of right of use assets was mainly due to an increase in number of right of use assets in 2021 as compared to 2020. The decrease in royalties paid was mainly due to a decrease in ounces of gold sold in 2021 as compared to 2020. The decrease in amortisation of tangible assets was mainly due to lower amortisation of waste stripping and lower gold production in 2021 as compared to 2020.

All-in sustaining costs per ounce

In Africa - Subsidiaries, all-in sustaining costs increased by $6$262 per ounce, or one26 percent, to $947from $1,002 per ounce in 2019 from $9412020 to $1,264 per ounce in 2018.2021. This increase was mainly due to an increase in cost of sales, at Geita. Thean increase was partially offset by the decreased spending in sustaining capital expenditure and a decrease in ounces of gold sold. For a discussion of the increase in cost of sales in Africa - Subsidiaries during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2021 with 2020—Cost of sales”. Sustaining capital expenditure in Africa - Subsidiaries increased as the region continued to implement its re-investment programme. At Iduapriem in Ghana, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to higher pre-stripping activities and stay-in-business capital expenditure. At Obuasi in Ghana, the Obuasi redevelopment project led to an increase in sustaining capital expenditure as Phase 2 of the project was completed at the end of December 2021. At Siguiri in Guinea, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to increased stay-in-business capital expenditure. At Geita in Tanzania, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to an increase in deferred stripping and Mineral Reserve development expenditure as the underground portal development at Geita Hill East progressed according to plan. Gold sold in Africa - Subsidiaries decreased by 189,000 ounces, or 15 percent, from 1.249 million ounces in 2020 to 1.060 million ounces in 2021. The decrease was mainly due to lower production from Iduapriem and an increaseGeita, partly offset by higher production from Siguiri. For a discussion of 30,000 ouncesthe decrease in gold sold (excluding pre-production ounces)production at the Africa operations (other than Kibali) during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2021”.

In Africa - Joint Ventures, all-in sustaining costs decreasedincreased by $53$46 per ounce, or six percent, to $767from $810 per ounce in 2019 from $8202020 to $856 per ounce in 2018.2021. This decreaseincrease was mainly due to an increase in cost of sales and an increase in sustaining capital expenditure, partly offset by higher ounces of gold sold. For a discussion of the increase in cost of sales in Africa - Joint Ventures during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2021 with 2020—Cost of sales”. Sustaining capital expenditure in Africa - Joint Ventures increased mainly due to higher deferred stripping. The increase was partly offset by an increase in gold sold in Africa - Joint Ventures by 2,000 ounces, or one percent, from 365,000 ounces in 2020 to 367,000 ounces in 2021. The marginal increase was mainly due to a decreasemarginally higher production from Kibali. For a discussion of the marginal increase in cost of sales and a decreaseproduction at Kibali during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in sustaining capital expenditure at Kibali. This decrease2021”. The Kibali mine in the DRC was partially offset by a decreasethe only operating asset in total amortisation and a decrease of 17,000 ouncesAfrica - Joint Ventures in gold sold.2021.

In the Americas, all-in sustaining costs increased by $177$584 per ounce, or 2158 percent, to $1,032from $1,003 per ounce in 2019 from $8552020 to $1,587 per ounce in 2018.2021. This increase was mainly due to a decrease of 83,000 ounces in gold sold (excluding pre-production ounces) and a decrease of total amortisation at Cerro Vanguardia and Serra Grande. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in cost of sales and an overall decrease of spending in sustaining capital expenditure.

In Australia, all-in sustaining costs decreased by $48 per ounce, or five percent, to $990 per ounce in 2019 from $1,038 per ounce in 2018. This decrease was mainly due to an increase in total amortisation at Sunrise Dam and Tropicana and a decrease in spendingcost of sales, an increase in sustaining capital expenditure at Sunrise Dam and Tropicana. Thelower ounces of gold sold. For a discussion of the increase in cost of sales in the Americas during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2021 with 2020—Cost of sales”. Sustaining capital expenditure in the Americas increased as the region continued to implement its re-investment programme and the transition of the TSFs in Brazil to dry-stacked structures to comply with new legal requirements. At AGA Mineração and Serra Grande in Brazil, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to higher mine development and TSF expenditures. At Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to higher expenditure on TSFs and higher deferred stripping capital. Gold sold in the Americas decreased by 103,000 ounces, or 16



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percent, from 664,000 ounces in 2020 to 561,000 ounces in 2021. This decrease was partially offsetmainly due to lower production from all of the Americas operations. For a discussion of the decrease in production at the Americas operations during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2021”.

In Australia, all-in sustaining costs increased by $275 per ounce, or 22 percent, from $1,225 per ounce in 2020 to $1,500 per ounce in 2021. This increase was mainly due to an increase in cost of sales.sales, an increase in sustaining capital expenditure and lower ounces of gold sold. For a discussion of the increase in cost of sales in Australia during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2021 with 2020—Cost of sales”. Sustaining capital expenditure increased in Australia as Mineral Reserve development, deferred stripping and other stay-in-business capital expenditure increased. At Sunrise Dam in Australia, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to an increase in Mineral Reserve development. At Tropicana in Australia, sustaining capital expenditure increased year-on-year mainly due to higher deferred stripping, Mineral Reserve development and other stay-in-business capital expenditure. Gold sold in Australia decreased by 62,000 ounces, or 11 percent, from 557,000 ounces in 2020 to 495,000 ounces in 2021. This decrease was mainly due to lower production from Sunrise Dam and Tropicana. For a discussion of the decrease in production at the Australia operations during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2021”.

All-in costs per ounce

In Africa - Subsidiaries, all-in costs increased by $138$323 per ounce, or 1327 percent, to $1,237from $1,193 per ounce in 2019 from $1,0992020 to $1,516 per ounce in 2018.2021. This increase was mainly due to an increase in all-in sustaining costs, higher care and maintenance expenditure and higher non-sustaining project capital expenditure. At Obuasi in Ghana, underground mining activities were voluntarily suspended between 18 May 2021 and 15 October 2021, following a sill pillar incident. From 15 October 2021, underground mining resumed to replenish the run-of-mine stockpile without corresponding gold production. Since the voluntary suspension of underground mining activities, care and maintenance costs of $45 million were incurred at Obuasi during 2021. Non-sustaining capital expenditure at Geita in Tanzania increased mainly due to an increase in project capital with the start of the Nyamulilima project. For a discussion of the decrease in ounces of gold sold in Africa - Subsidiaries during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2021 with 2020—All-in sustaining costs per ounce”.

In Africa - Joint Ventures, all-in costs increased by $76 per ounce, or nine percent, from $824 per ounce in 2020 to $900 per ounce in 2021. This increase was mainly due to an increase in all-in sustaining costs and an increase inhigher non-sustaining project capital expenditure at Obuasi partially offset by. For a discussion of the 30,000-ounce increase in ounces of gold sold (excluding pre-production ounces).

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Inin Africa - Joint Ventures all-in costs decreased by $61 per ounce, or seven percent, to $785 per ounceduring 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2019 from $846 per ounce in 2018. This decrease was mainly due to a decrease in all-in2021 with 2020—All-in sustaining costs a 17,000-ounce increaseper ounce”. The Kibali mine in gold sold and a decreasethe DRC was the only operating asset in major project spending at Kibali.Africa - Joint Ventures in 2021.

In the Americas, all-in costs increased by $251$603 per ounce, or 58 percent, from $1,032 per ounce in 2020 to $1,635 per ounce in 2021. This increase was mainly due to an increase in closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations. For a discussion of the decrease in ounces of gold sold in the Americas during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a segment basis in 2021 with 2020—All-in sustaining costs per ounce”.

In Australia, all-in costs increased by $369 per ounce, or 27 percent, to $1,183from $1,356 per ounce in 2019 from $9322020 to $1,725 per ounce in 2018.2021. This increase was mainly due to an increase in all-in sustaining costs, an increase inhigher non-sustaining project capital expenditure at Sunrise Dam on the Golden Delicious open pit growth project and at Tropicana on the Havana cutback project, and higher non-sustaining exploration and study costs and the 83,000-ounce decrease in gold sold (excluding pre-production ounces).

In Australia, all-in costs increased by $2 per ouncerelating to $1,072 per ounce in 2019 from $1,070 per ounce in 2018 mainly due to an increase in major project spending at Tropicana, an increase in non-sustaining exploration and study costsgrowth deposits at Sunrise Dam and Tropicana andTropicana. For a 1,000-ouncediscussion of the decrease in ounces of gold sold. The increase was partially offset bysold in Australia during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Comparison of operating performance on a decreasesegment basis in all-in2021 with 2020—All-in sustaining costs.costs per ounce”.

Total cash costs per ounce

The currencies of Argentina Australia and Brazil were, on average, weaker against the US dollar during 20192021 as compared to 20182020, which positively impacted total cash costs per ounce for 2019.2021. This positive impact was partly offset by the currency of Australia being, on average, stronger against the US dollar during 2021 as compared to 2020. Total production in 2021 was lower as compared to 2020, which negatively impacted total cash costs per ounce for 2021. For a discussion of production during 2021, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results—Production in 2021”.

In Africa - Subsidiaries, total cash costs per ounce decreasedincreased by $12,$150 per ounce, or one18 percent, to $801from $841 per ounce in 2019 from $8132020 to $991 per ounce in 2018.2021. The decreaseincrease was mainly due to a 31,000-ounce increase185,000 ounce decrease in production (excluding pre-production ounces). The decrease was partially offset byand an increase in total cash costs.

In Tanzania,At Iduapriem in Ghana, total cash costs per ounce increased by $350 per ounce, or 48 percent, from $731 per ounce in 2020 to $1,081 per ounce in 2021. Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year mainly due to lower production and ore stockpile movements. This increase was partly offset by a significant amount of waste stripping capitalised at Geita,Teberebie Cut 2 in 2021 compared to 2020, together with a decrease in royalties paid due to lower volumes sold.




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At Obuasi in Ghana, total cash costs per ounce decreased by $109,$195 per ounce, or 1415 percent, to $695from $1,307 per ounce in 2019 from $8042020 to $1,112 per ounce in 2018. The decrease was2021. Total cash costs per ounce decreased year-on-year mainly due to the decreaseramp-up of Phase 2 production, despite the temporary suspension of underground stoping activities in 2021 due to a sill pillar incident in May 2021. During the temporary suspension period, care and maintenance costs of $45 million were incurred until underground stoping activities resumed in mid-October 2021.

At Siguiri in Guinea, total cash costs per ounce decreased by $93 per ounce, or seven percent, from $1,293 per ounce in 2020 to $1,200 per ounce in 2021. Total cash costs per ounce decreased year-on-year mainly as a result of higher production, partly offset by higher operating costs, increases on fuel and a 40,000-ounce increasereagent costs, and higher royalties paid from additional volumes sold in production (excluding pre-production ounces).2021.

In Ghana, at Iduapriem,At Geita in Tanzania, total cash costs per ounce increased by $11,$181 per ounce, or one28 percent, to $815from $641 per ounce in 2019 compared2020 to $804$822 per ounce in 20182021. Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year mainly due to lower grades, together with the depletion of ore stockpiles in 2021 compared to an increase in ore stockpiles during 2020. This increase was partly offset by lower royalties paid and improved efficiencies in that more open pit tonnes were mined in 2021 at a lower rate per tonne than in 2020.

In Africa - Joint Ventures, total cash costs per ounce increased by $18 per ounce, or three percent, from $629 per ounce in 2020 to $647 per ounce in 2021. The increase was mainly due to an increase in total cash costs. The increase was partiallycosts, partly offset by a 21,000-ounce1,000 ounce increase in production.Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year mainly as a result of lower open-pit recovered grades, unfavourable movements in stockpiles, higher royalties paid due to an increase in the average gold price received, and additional reagent consumption, as compared to 2020. The Kibali mine in the DRC was the only operating asset in Africa - Joint Ventures in 2021.

In Guinea, at Siguiri,the Americas, total cash costs per ounce increased by $247,$200 per ounce, or 2928 percent, to $1,091from $721 per ounce in 2019 from $8442020 to $921 per ounce in 20182021. The increase was mainly due to a 29,000-ounce90,000 ounce decrease in production and an increase in total cash costs.

In Africa - Joint Ventures, total cash costs per ounce decreased by $23, or three percent, to $657 per ounce in 2019 from $680 per ounce in 2018. The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in total cash costs. The decrease was partially offset by a 7,000-ounce decrease in production.

In Mali, at Morila, total cash costs per ounce increased by $60, or five percent, to $1,205 per ounce in 2019 from $1,145 per ounce in 2018. The increase was mainly due to a 3,000-ounce decrease in production. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in total cash costs. At Sadiola, total cash costs per ounce increased by $28, or three percent, from $938 per ounce in 2018 to $966 per ounce in 2019. The increase was mainly due to an 8,000-ounce decrease in production partially offset by a decrease in total cash costs.

In the DRC, at Kibali, total cash costs per ounce decreased by $28, or five percent, to $572 per ounce in 2019 from $600 per ounce in 2018. The decrease was mainly due to a 3,000-ounce increase in production and a decrease in total cash costs.

In the Americas, total cash costs per ounce increased by $112, or 18 percent, to $736 per ounce in 2019 from $624 per ounce in 2018. The increase was mainly due to a 66,000-ounce decrease in production and a decrease in by-product revenue. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in total cash costs.

In Brazil, at AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do SítioAGA Mineração, total cash costs per ounce increased by $59,$111 per ounce, or eight15 percent, to $782from $747 per ounce in 2019 from $7232020 to $858 per ounce in 2018 primarily2021. Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year mainly due to anlower production and higher commodity prices (oil, iron ore and construction materials) and higher costs of services and labour. This increase in total cash costswas partly offset by higher sulphuric acid by-product revenue and a 2,000-ounce decrease in production (excluding pre-production ounces). lower royalties paid due to lower volumes sold.

At Serra Grande, total cash costs per ounce increased by $47,$527 per ounce, or seven79 percent, to $707from $665 per ounce in 2019 from $6602020 to $1,192 per ounce in 2018 primarily2021. Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year mainly due to an increase in total cash costslower production, higher commodity prices (oil, iron ore and 7,000-ounce decrease inconstruction materials) and higher cost of services and labour as well as inefficiencies primarily caused by higher absenteeism due to COVID-19 and various production (excluding pre-production ounces).challenges encountered during 2021.

In Argentina, at Cerro Vanguardia, total cash costs per ounce increased by $197,$195 per ounce, or 4128 percent, to $673from $699 per ounce in 2019 from $4762020 to $894 per ounce in 2018 primarily2021. Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year mainly due to salary increases, additional costs relating to COVID-19 tests and other related medical costs in line with COVID-19 protocols, higher commodity prices and higher materials consumption (such as fuel, explosives and spare parts) as a 57,000-ounce decrease in production and a decrease in by-product revenue.result of higher tonnes mined. The increase was partiallypartly offset by a decrease in total cash costs.the weakening of the Argentinean peso against the US dollar and higher by-product revenue derived from higher ounces of silver sold.

In Australia, total cash costs per ounce decreasedincreased by $32,$228 per ounce, or four24 percent, to $730from $968 per ounce in 2019 from $7622020 to $1,196 per ounce in 20182021, primarily due to a 11,000-ounce decrease in production and an increase in total cash costs.

147
At Sunrise Dam, total cash costs per ounce increased by $94, or ten percent, to $1,014 per ounce in 2019 compared to $920 per ounce in 2018 mainly due to a 35,00060,000 ounce decrease in production and an increase in total cash costs.

At Sunrise Dam, total cash costs per ounce increased by $252 per ounce, or 24 percent, from $1,069 per ounce in 2020 to $1,321 per ounce in 2021. Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year primarily due to lower production and higher mining costs (mainly higher cost of labour due to critical skill shortages), partly offset by lower royalties paid.

At Tropicana, total cash costs per ounce decreasedincreased by $90,$180 per ounce, or 1522 percent, to $504from $807 per ounce in 2019 compared2020 to $594$987 per ounce in 20182021. Total cash costs per ounce increased year-on-year mainly due to a 24,000-ounce increase in production. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in total cashlower grades, inventory movements and the impact of higher underground and open pit mining costs.

Overall the subsidiaries’ total cash costs per ounce increased by $20,$181, or three22 percent, to $763from $836 per ounce in 2019 compared2020 to $743$1,017 per ounce in 2018.2021. The increase was mainly due to an increase in total cash costs and a 45,000-ounce335,000-ounce decrease in production.

Reconciliations

The following tables present a reconciliation of cost of sales as included in the Company’s audited financial statements to “all-in sustaining costs”, “all-in sustaining costs per ounce”, “all-in costs”, “all-in costs per ounce”, “total cash costs net of by-product revenue” and “total cash costs per ounce” for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 2022 on a total



148172
and segment basis. In addition, the Company has provided detail of Contentsthe attributable ounces of gold produced and sold by mine for each of those periods below.

For the year ended 31 December 2022
Corporate and other
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
Corporate (4)
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
4 
By-product revenue— 
Cost of sales4 
Realised other commodity contracts
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(4)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation— 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure79 
Lease payment sustaining2 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— 
Total sustaining capital expenditure1 
All-in sustaining costs82 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— 
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies82 
All-in sustaining costs82 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— 
Non-sustaining lease payments— 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— 
Care and maintenance— 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations7 
Other provisions14 
All-in costs103 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— 
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies103 
Gold sold - oz (000)(2)
— 
All-in sustaining cost per unit - $/oz(3)
— 
All-in cost per unit - $/oz(3)
— 
(1)Adjusting for non-controlling interest of items included in calculation, to disclose the attributable portions only.
(2)Attributable portion.
(3)In addition to the operational performances of the mines, “all-in sustaining cost per ounce”, “all-in cost per ounce” and “total cash costs per ounce” are affected by fluctuations in the currency exchange rate. AngloGold Ashanti reports “all-in sustaining cost per ounce” and “all-in cost per ounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold sold in ounces. AngloGold Ashanti reports “total cash costs per ounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold produced in ounces.
(4)Corporate includes non-gold producing subsidiaries.
(5)Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”.
(6)A new segment for Projects (previously reported under the Americas segment) has been introduced due to the implementation of the new Operating Model which comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities. Comparative information has been restated.


Rounding of figures may result in computational discrepancies.




173

For the year ended 31 December 2022
Corporate and other
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
Corporate(4)
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
4 
By-product revenue— 
Inventory change— 
Amortisation of tangible assets(3)
Amortisation of right of use assets(1)
Amortisation of intangible assets— 
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs— 
Retrenchment costs— 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue— 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies (1)
— 
Total cash costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies— 
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
— 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
— 
(1)Adjusting for non-controlling interest of items included in calculation, to disclose the attributable portions only.
(2)Attributable portion.
(3)In addition to the operational performances of the mines, “all-in sustaining cost per ounce”, “all-in cost per ounce” and “total cash costs per ounce” are affected by fluctuations in the currency exchange rate. AngloGold Ashanti reports “all-in sustaining cost per ounce” and “all-in cost per ounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold sold in ounces. AngloGold Ashanti reports “total cash costs per ounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold produced in ounces.
(4)Corporate includes non-gold producing subsidiaries.
(5)Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”.
(6)A new segment for Projects (previously reported under the Americas segment) has been introduced due to the implementation of the new Operating Model which comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities. Comparative information has been restated.

Rounding of figures may result in computational discrepancies.



174

For the year ended 31 December 2022
Operations Africa
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AFRICAAFRICA
KibaliOtherJoint VenturesIduapriemObuasiSiguiriGeitaAfrica OtherSubsidiaries
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
342 — 342 314 266 488 594 — 1,662 
By-product revenue(1)— (1)(1)(1)— (1)— (3)
Cost of sales341 — 341 313 265 488 593 — 1,659 
Realised other commodity contracts
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(95)— (95)(80)(40)(50)(102)— (272)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation— — — — — — — — — 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure— — — — — — — — — 
Lease payment sustaining8 — 8 4 — 1 22 — 27 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— — — 2 — 5 8 — 15 
Total sustaining capital expenditure71 — 71 81 79 23 111 — 294 
All-in sustaining costs325 — 325 320 304 467 632 — 1,723 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — (70)— — (70)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies325 — 325 320 304 397 632 — 1,653 
All-in sustaining costs325 — 325 320 304 467 632 — 1,723 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure19 — 19 65 80 4 43 — 192 
Non-sustaining lease payments— — — — — — 3 — 3 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs2 — 2 1 — 7 5 — 13 
Care and maintenance— — — — — — — — — 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations10 1 11 1 (23)— — — (22)
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs356 1 357 387 361 478 683 — 1,909 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — (72)— — (72)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies356 1 357 387 361 406 683 — 1,837 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
332 — 332 247 241 278 515 — 1,281 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
979 — 979 1,299 1,264 1,428 1,227 — 1,291 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,072 — 1,075 1,570 1,499 1,461 1,325 — 1,434 




175

For the year ended 31 December 2022
Operations Africa
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AFRICAAFRICA
KibaliOtherJoint VenturesIduapriemObuasiSiguiriGeitaAfrica otherSubsidiaries
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
342 — 342 314 266 488 594 — 1,662 
By-product revenue(1)— (1)(1)(1)— (1)— (3)
Inventory change3 — 3 3 6 4 7 (1)19 
Amortisation of tangible assets(93)— (93)(77)(39)(49)(77)— (242)
Amortisation of right of use assets(2)— (2)(3)— (1)(25)— (29)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — (1)— — — (1)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(4)— (4)4 (2)(8)(7)— (13)
Retrenchment costs— — — — — — — — — 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue245 — 245 240 229 434 491 (1)1,393 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — — (65)— — (65)
Total cash costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies and other245 — 245 240 229 369 491 (1)1,328 
Gold produced - oz (000)(2)
337 — 337 248 250 279 521 — 1,298 
Total cash costs per unit - $/oz(3)
725 — 725 970 914 1,319 944 — 1,023 




176

For the year ended 31 December 2022
Operations in Australia, America and Projects
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AUSTRALIAAMERICAS
PROJECTS (6)
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherTotal AustraliaCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra GrandeAmericas otherTotal Americas
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
371 382 30 783 273 477 162 1 913 — 
By-product revenue(1)(3)— (4)(75)(31)— — (106)— 
Cost of sales370 379 30 779 198 446 162 1 807 — 
Realised other commodity contracts
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(54)(117)(1)(172)(39)(106)(40)— (185)— 
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation— 1 — 1 6 — (1)— 5 — 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure— — — — — — — — — — 
Lease payment sustaining12 11 1 24 — 32 4 — 36 1 
Sustaining exploration and study costs1 1 — 2 3 1 — — 4 — 
Total sustaining capital expenditure50 41 — 91 66 199 57 — 322 — 
All-in sustaining costs379 316 30 725 234 572 182 1 989 1 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (18)— — — (18)— 
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies379 316 30 725 216 572 182 1 971 1 
All-in sustaining costs379 316 30 725 234 572 182 1 989 1 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— 111 — 111 — — — — — 17 
Non-sustaining lease payments— — — — — — — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs18 6 19 43 1 9 3 1 14 113 
Care and maintenance— — — — — — — — — — 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— — — — — 16 2 — 18 — 
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs397 433 49 879 235 597 187 2 1,021 131 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (18)— — — (18)— 
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies397 433 49 879 217 597 187 2 1,003 131 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
228 311 — 539 166 310 89 — 565 — 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,666 1,014 — 1,345 1,301 1,841 2,053 — 1,718 — 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,746 1,391 — 1,631 1,309 1,923 2,102 — 1,775 — 




177

For the year ended 31 December 2022
Operations in Australia, America and Projects
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AUSTRALIAAMERICAS
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherTotal AustraliaCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra GrandeAmericas otherTotal Americas
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
371 382 30 783 273 477 162 1 913 
By-product revenue(1)(3)— (4)(75)(31)— — (106)
Inventory change8 (5)— 3 9 1 (1)(1)8 
Amortisation of tangible assets(43)(109)— (152)(39)(79)(36)— (154)
Amortisation of right of use assets(11)(8)(1)(20)— (27)(4)— (31)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — — — — — — 
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs2 12 (1)13 2 (1)(1)— — 
Retrenchment costs— — (1)(1)(2)(2)(1)— (5)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue326 269 27 622 168 338 119 — 625 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — (13)— — — (13)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies326 269 27 622 155 338 119 — 612 
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
232 306 — 538 170 311 88 — 569 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
1,402 881 — 1,157 913 1,088 1,355 — 1,078 





178

For the year ended 31 December 2022
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
342 3,362 
By-product revenue(1)(113)
Cost of sales341 3,249 
Realised other commodity contracts
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(95)(633)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation— 6 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure— 79 
Lease payment sustaining8 90 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— 21 
Total sustaining capital expenditure71 708 
All-in sustaining costs325 3,520 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (88)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies325 3,432 
All-in sustaining costs325 3,520 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure19 320 
Non-sustaining lease payments— 3 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs2 183 
Care and maintenance— — 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations11 3 
Other provisions— 14 
All-in costs357 4,043 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (90)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies357 3,953 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
332 2,385 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
979 1,439 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,075 1,658 




179

For the year ended 31 December 2022
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
342 3,362 
By-product revenue(1)(113)
Inventory change3 30 
Amortisation of tangible assets(93)(551)
Amortisation of right of use assets(2)(81)
Amortisation of intangible assets— (1)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(4)— 
Retrenchment costs— (6)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue245 2,640 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (78)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and
non-gold producing companies		245 2,562 
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
337 2,405 
Total cash costs (adjusted) per unit – $/oz(3)
725 1,066 





180

For the year ended 31 December 2021
Corporate and other
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
Corporate (4)
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
(5)
By-product revenue— 
Cost of sales(5)
Realised other commodity contracts
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(3)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation— 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure73 
Lease payment sustaining3 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— 
Total sustaining capital expenditure11 
All-in sustaining costs79 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— 
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies79 
All-in sustaining costs79 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— 
Non-sustaining lease payments— 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— 
Care and maintenance— 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations4 
Other provisions1 
All-in costs84 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— 
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies84 
Gold sold - oz (000)(2)
— 
All-in sustaining cost per unit - $/oz(3)
— 
All-in cost per unit - $/oz(3)
— 
(1)Adjusting for non-controlling interest of items included in calculation, to disclose the attributable portions only.
(2)Attributable portion.
(3)In addition to the operational performances of the mines, “all-in sustaining cost per ounce”, “all-in cost per ounce” and “total cash costs per ounce” are affected by fluctuations in the currency exchange rate. AngloGold Ashanti reports “all-in sustaining cost per ounce” and “all-in cost per ounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold sold in ounces. AngloGold Ashanti reports “total cash costs per ounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold produced in ounces.
(4)Corporate includes non-gold producing subsidiaries.
(5)Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”.
(6)A new segment for Projects (previously reported under the Americas segment) has been introduced due to the implementation of the new Operating Model which comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities. Comparative information has been restated.

Rounding of figures may result in computational discrepancies.




181

For the year ended 31 December 2021
Corporate and other
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
Corporate (4)
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
(5)
By-product revenue— 
Inventory change— 
Amortisation of tangible assets(1)
Amortisation of right of use assets(1)
Amortisation of intangible assets(1)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs— 
Retrenchment costs— 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue(8)
Adjusted for non-controlling interests,(1)
— 
Total cash costs for non-controlling interests(8)
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
— 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
— 
(1)Adjusting for non-controlling interest of items included in calculation, to disclose the attributable portions only.
(2)Attributable portion.
(3)In addition to the operational performances of the mines, “all-in sustaining cost per ounce”, “all-in cost per ounce” and “total cash costs per ounce” are affected by fluctuations in the currency exchange rate. AngloGold Ashanti reports “all-in sustaining cost per ounce” and “all-in cost per ounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold sold in ounces. AngloGold Ashanti reports “total cash costs per ounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold produced in ounces.
(4)Corporate includes non-gold producing subsidiaries.
(5)Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”.
(6)A new segment for Projects (previously reported under the Americas segment) has been introduced due to the implementation of the new Operating Model which comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities. Comparative information has been restated.

Rounding of figures may result in computational discrepancies.




182

For the year ended 31 December 2021
Operations Africa
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AFRICAAFRICA
KibaliOtherJoint VenturesIduapriemObuasiSiguiriGeitaAfrica OtherSubsidiaries
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
350 — 350 238 164 410 488 — 1,300 
By-product revenue(2)— (2)(1)— (1)(1)— (3)
Cost of sales348 — 348 237 164 409 487 — 1,297 
Realised other commodity contracts
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(105)— (105)(19)(22)(47)(75)— (163)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation1 — 1 1 — — 1 — 2 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure— — — — — — — — — 
Lease payment sustaining9 — 9 2 — 1 19 — 22 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— — — 1 — 3 4 — 8 
Total sustaining capital expenditure61 — 61 103 46 18 65 — 232 
All-in sustaining costs314 — 314 325 188 384 501 — 1,398 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — (58)— — (58)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies314 — 314 325 188 326 501 — 1,340 
All-in sustaining costs314 — 314 325 188 384 501 — 1,398 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure11 — 11 2 122 20 58 — 202 
Non-sustaining lease payments— — — — — — 2 — 2 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs2 — 2 3 2 2 1 — 8 
Care and maintenance— — — — 45 — — — 45 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations3 — 3 — 10 — — — 10 
Other provisions— — — — — — 3 — 3 
All-in costs330 — 330 330 367 406 565 — 1,668 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — (61)— — (61)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies330 — 330 330 367 345 565 — 1,607 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
367 — 367 201 114 258 487 — 1,060 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
856 — 856 1,619 1,653 1,267 1,029 — 1,264 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
898 — 900 1,642 3,229 1,340 1,161 — 1,516 



183

For the year ended 31 December 2021
Operations Africa
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AFRICAAFRICA
KibaliOtherJoint VenturesIduapriemObuasiSiguiriGeitaAfrica otherSubsidiaries
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
350 — 350 238 164 410 488 — 1,300 
By-product revenue(2)— (2)(1)— (1)(1)— (3)
Inventory change(1)— (1)1 (10)(1)(1)— (11)
Amortisation of tangible assets(100)— (100)(17)(21)(46)(55)— (139)
Amortisation of right of use assets(5)— (5)(2)— (1)(20)— (23)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — (1)— — — (1)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(5)— (5)(1)(12)2 (12)— (23)
Retrenchment costs— — — — — — — — — 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue237 — 237 218 120 363 399 — 1,100 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — — (55)— — (55)
Total cash costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies and other237 — 237 218 120 308 399 — 1,045 
Gold produced - oz (000)(2)
365 — 365 202 108 258 486 — 1,054 
Total cash costs per unit - $/oz(3)
647 — 647 1,081 1,112 1,200 822 — 991 



184

For the year ended 31 December 2021
Operations in Australia, America and Projects
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AUSTRALIAAMERICAS
PROJECTS (6) Restated
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherTotal AustraliaCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra GrandeAmericas otherTotal Americas
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
364 346 30 740 261 435 123 3 822 — 
By-product revenue(1)(3)— (4)(93)(26)— — (119)— 
Cost of sales363 343 30 736 168 409 123 3 703 — 
Realised other commodity contracts
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(60)(88)(2)(150)(27)(108)(25)(1)(161)— 
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation1 1 — 2 — (4)— — (4)— 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure— — — — — — — — — — 
Lease payment sustaining13 12 — 25 — 15 4 1 20 — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — 1 1 — — 2 — 
Total sustaining capital expenditure47 82 1 130 69 193 82 — 344 — 
All-in sustaining costs364 350 29 743 211 506 184 3 904 — 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (16)— — — (16)— 
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies364 350 29 743 195 506 184 3 888 — 
All-in sustaining costs364 350 29 743 211 506 184 3 904 — 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure15 40 — 55 — 2 — — 2 52 
Non-sustaining lease payments— — — — — — — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs27 8 21 56 1 11 4 1 17 72 
Care and maintenance— — — — — — — — — — 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— — — — — 7 2 1 10 — 
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs406 398 50 854 212 526 190 5 933 124 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (16)— — — (16)— 
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies406 398 50 854 196 526 190 5 917 124 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
231 264 — 495 144 334 83 — 561 — 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,573 1,326 — 1,500 1,353 1,519 2,220 — 1,587 — 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,757 1,506 — 1,725 1,362 1,582 2,283 — 1,635 — 




185

For the year ended 31 December 2021
Operations in Australia, America and Projects
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AUSTRALIAAMERICAS
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherTotal AustraliaCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra GrandeAmericas otherTotal Americas
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
364 346 30 740 261 435 123 3 822 
By-product revenue(1)(3)— (4)(93)(26)— — (119)
Inventory change(3)3 — — 7 (3)1 — 5 
Amortisation of tangible assets(49)(80)— (129)(27)(94)(21)— (142)
Amortisation of right of use assets(11)(8)(1)(20)— (14)(4)(1)(19)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — (1)(1)— — — — — 
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs3 3 (1)5 (8)(12)— — (20)
Retrenchment costs— — — — (1)(1)— — (2)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue303 261 27 591 139 285 99 2 525 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — (10)— — — (10)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies303 261 27 591 129 285 99 2 515 
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
229 265 — 494 145 331 83 — 559 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
1,321 987 — 1,196 894 858 1,192 — 921 



186

For the year ended 31 December 2021
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
350 2,857 
By-product revenue(2)(126)
Cost of sales348 2,731 
Realised other commodity contracts
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(105)(477)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation1 — 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure— 73 
Lease payment sustaining9 70 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— 10 
Total sustaining capital expenditure61 717 
All-in sustaining costs314 3,124 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (74)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies314 3,050 
All-in sustaining costs314 3,124 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure11 311 
Non-sustaining lease payments— 2 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs2 153 
Care and maintenance— 45 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations3 24 
Other provisions— 4 
All-in costs330 3,663 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (77)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies330 3,586 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
367 2,116 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
856 1,441 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
900 1,695 



187

For the year ended 31 December 2021
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
350 2,857 
By-product revenue(2)(126)
Inventory change(1)(6)
Amortisation of tangible assets(100)(411)
Amortisation of right of use assets(5)(63)
Amortisation of intangible assets— (3)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(5)(38)
Retrenchment costs— (2)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue237 2,208 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— (65)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies237 2,143 
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
365 2,107 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
647 1,017 



188

For the year ended 31 December 2020
Corporate and other
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
Corporate (4)
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
(2)
By-product revenue— 
Cost of sales(2)
Realised other commodity contracts5 
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and intangibleright of use assets(2)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation(1)
Lease payment sustaining3 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operationsexpenditure67 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustmentsLease payment sustaining—3 
Sustaining exploration and study costs1 
Total sustaining capital expenditure2 
Realised other commodity contracts5 
All-in sustaining costs73 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— 
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies73 
All-in sustaining costs73 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— 
Lease payment non sustainingNon-sustaining lease payments—
Technology improvements— 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— 
Care and maintenance— 
CorporateClosure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations9 
Other provisions— 
All-in costs82 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— 
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies82 
Gold sold - oz (000)(2)
— 
All-in sustaining cost per unit - $/oz(3)
— 
All-in cost per unit - $/oz(3)
— 
(1)Adjusting for non-controlling interest of items included in calculation, to disclose the attributable portions only. Other consists of heap leach inventory.
(2)Attributable portion (excluding pre-production ounces).portion.
(3)In addition to the operational performances of the mines, all-in“all-in sustaining cost per ounce, all-inounce”, “all-in cost per ounceounce” and total“total cash costs per ounceounce” are affected by fluctuations in the currency exchange rate. AngloGold Ashanti reports all-in“all-in sustaining cost per ounceounce” and all-in“all-in cost per ounceounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold sold in ounces. AngloGold Ashanti reports total“total cash costs per ounceounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold produced in ounces.
(4)Corporate includes non-gold producing subsidiaries.
(5)Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”.
(6)A new segment for Projects (previously reported under the Americas segment) has been introduced due to the implementation of the new Operating Model which comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities. Comparative information has been restated.

Rounding of figures may result in computational differences.discrepancies.


149


189
For the year ended 31 December 2020
Corporate and other
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
Corporate(4)
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
(2)
By-product revenue— 
Inventory change— 
Amortisation of intangibletangible assets— 
Amortisation of tangible andright of use assets— 
Amortisation of intangible assets(2)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs— 
Retrenchment costs— 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue(4)
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(4)
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
— 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
— 


150
For the year ended 31 December 2020
Operations in Africa (DRC, Ghana, Guinea, Mali and Tanzania)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
DRCMaliJointGhanaGuineaTanzaniaAfrica otherSubsidiaries
KibaliMorilaSadiolaVenturesIduapriemObuasiSiguiriGeita
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
340 — — 340 280 34 377 542 (1)1,232 
By-product revenue(1)— — (1)(1)— — (2)— (3)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(104)— — (104)(74)(6)(41)(124)— (245)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation1 — — 1 1 — — 4 — 5 
Lease payment sustaining9 — — 9 — — — 17 — 17 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— — — — — — — — — — 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — — — — — — — — — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — 3 — 2 5 — 10 
Total sustaining capital expenditure52 — — 52 60 7 15 80 1 163 
Realised other commodity contracts— — — — — — — — — — 
All-in sustaining costs296 — — 297 269 35 353 522 — 1,179 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — — (53)— — (53)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies296 — — 297 269 35 300 522 — 1,126 
All-in sustaining costs296 — — 297 269 35 353 522 — 1,179 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— — — — — 161 15 7 — 183 
Lease payment non sustaining— — — — — — — 2 — 2 
Technology improvements— — — — — — — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — 2 2 5 2 — 11 
Care and maintenance costs— — — — — — — — — — 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations2 6 (3)4 — 10 — — — 10 
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs298 6 (3)301 271 208 373 533 — 1,385 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — — (56)— — (56)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies298 6 (3)301 271 208 317 533 — 1,329 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
365 — — 365 274 27 215 639 — 1,155 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
809 — — 810 985 1,316 1,397 814 — 975 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
817 — — 824 992 7,731 1,476 831 — 1,149 

151
For the year ended 31 December 2020
Operations in Africa (DRC, Ghana, Guinea, Mali and Tanzania)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
DRCMaliJointGhanaGuineaTanzaniaAfrica otherSubsidiaries
KibaliMorilaSadiolaVenturesIduapriemObuasiSiguiriGeita
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
340 — — 340 280 34 377 542 (1)1,232 
By-product revenue(1)— — (1)(1)— — (2)— (3)
Inventory change(1)— — (1)1 9 (1)(12)— (3)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — — — — — — — 
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(104)— — (104)(74)(6)(41)(124)— (245)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(4)— — (4)(6)(2)(9)(5)— (22)
Retrenchment costs— — — — — — — — — — 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue230 — — 230 200 35 326 399 (1)959 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — — — (49)— — (49)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies230 — — 230 200 35 277 399 (1)910 
Gold produced - oz (000) (2)
364 — — 364 275 30 — 215 — 623 — — 1,143 
Total cash costs per unit - $/oz(3)
629 — — 629 731 1,145 1,293 641 — 797 

152
For the year ended 31 December 2020
Operations in Australia and the Americas (Argentina and Brazil)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AustraliaTotal
Australia		ArgentinaBrazilAmericas otherTotal Americas
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra Grande
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
342 338 25 705 269 391 102 2 764 
By-product revenue(1)(2)— (3)(82)(17)— — (99)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(64)(94)(2)(160)(26)(109)(27)(1)(163)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation2 1 — 3 (7)3 — — (4)
Lease payment sustaining11 10 1 22 — 8 2 — 10 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— — — — — — — — — 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — — — — — — — — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— 1 — 1 2 2 — — 4 
Total sustaining capital expenditure50 64 — 114 31 103 33 — 167 
Realised other commodity contracts— — — — — — — — — 
All-in sustaining costs340 318 24 682 187 381 110 1 679 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (14)— — — (14)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies340 318 24 682 173 381 110 1 665 
All-in sustaining costs340 318 24 682 187 381 110 1 679 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure3 25 — 28 — — — 49 49 
Lease payment non sustaining— — — — — — — — — 
Technology improvements— — — — — — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs22 5 17 44 1 6 3 47 57 
Care and maintenance— — — — — — — — — 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— — — — — 8 2 — 10 
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs365 348 41 754 188 395 115 97 795 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (14)— — — (14)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies365 348 41 754 174 395 115 97 781 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
258 299 — 557 186 364 114 — 664 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,320 1,061 — 1,225 931 1,050 953 — 1,003 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,417 1,164 — 1,356 934 1,091 997 — 1,179 

153
For the year ended 31 December 2020
Operations in Australia and the Americas (Argentina and Brazil)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AustraliaTotal
Australia		ArgentinaBrazilAmericas otherTotal Americas
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra Grande
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
342 338 25 705 269 391 102 2 764 
By-product revenue(1)(2)— (3)(82)(17)— — (99)
Inventory change(1)(1)— (2)(16)1 — — (16)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — (1)(1)— — — — — 
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(64)(94)(1)(159)(26)(109)(27)(1)(163)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(2)(1)(1)(4)(13)4 3 (1)(6)
Retrenchment costs— — — — — (1)— — (2)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue274 240 22 536 132 269 77 — 478 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — (10)— — — (10)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies274 240 22 536 122 269 77 — 468 
Gold produced – oz (000) (2)
256 298 — 554 173 362 114 — 649 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
1,069 807 — 968 699 747 665 — 721 
154
For the year ended 31 December 2020
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(from continuing operations - in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
340 2,699 
By-product revenue(1)(105)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(104)(570)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation1 4 
Lease payment sustaining9 52 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— 67 
Inventory write-down to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— 15 
Total sustaining capital expenditure52 445 
Realised other commodity contracts— 5 
All-in sustaining costs297 2,612 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (67)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies297 2,545 
All-in sustaining costs297 2,612 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— 260 
Lease payment non sustaining— 2 
Technology improvements— — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— 112 
Care and maintenance costs— — 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations4 29 
Other provisions— — 
All-in costs301 3,015 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (70)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies301 2,945 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
365 2,376 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
810 1,072 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
824 1,240 
155
For the year ended 31 December 2020
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(from continuing operations - in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
340 2,699 
By-product revenue(1)(105)
Inventory change(1)(21)
Amortisation of intangible assets— (2)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(104)(568)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(4)(32)
Retrenchment costs— (2)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue230 1,969 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— (59)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies230 1,910 
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
364 2,345 
Total cash costs (adjusted) per unit – $/oz(3)
629 815 

156
For the year ended 31 December 2019
Corporate and other
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
Corporate (4)
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
(1)
By-product revenue— 
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(3)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation(1)
Lease payment sustaining5 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations82 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— 
Sustaining exploration and study costs1 
Total sustaining capital expenditure— 
Amortisation relating to inventory— 
Realised other commodity contracts— 
All-in sustaining costs83
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— 
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies82
All-in sustaining costs83 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— 
Lease payment non sustaining— 
Technology improvements— 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs(1)
Care and maintenance— 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations7 
Other provisions2 
All-in costs91
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— 
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies90
Gold sold - oz (000)(2)
— 
All-in sustaining cost per unit - $/oz(3)
— 
All-in cost per unit - $/oz(3)
— 
(1)Adjusting for non-controlling interest of items included in calculation, to disclose the attributable portions only. Other consists of heap leach inventory.
(2)Attributable portion.
(3)In addition to the operational performances of the mines, all-in“all-in sustaining cost per ounce, all-inounce”, “all-in cost per ounceounce” and total“total cash costs per ounceounce” are affected by fluctuations in the currency exchange rate. AngloGold Ashanti reports all-in“all-in sustaining cost per ounceounce” and all-in“all-in cost per ounceounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold sold in ounces. AngloGold Ashanti reports total“total cash costs per ounceounce” calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold produced in ounces.
(4)Corporate includes non-gold producing subsidiaries.
(5)Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”.

(6)
Rounding of figures may result in computational discrepancies.

157
For the year ended 31 December 2019
Corporate and other
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
Corporate (4)
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
(1)
By-product revenue— 
Inventory change4 
Amortisation of intangible assets— 
Amortisation of tangible assets(3)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs— 
Retrenchment costs— 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue1
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies1
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
— 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
— 

158
For the year ended 31 December 2019
Operations in Africa (DRC, Ghana, Guinea, Mali and Tanzania)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
DRCMaliJointGhanaGuineaTanzaniaAfrica otherSubsidiaries
KibaliMorilaSadiolaVenturesIduapriemObuasiSiguiriGeita
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
338 36 54 428 288 — 315 571 (1)1,173 
By-product revenue(1)— — (1)(1)— — (1)— (2)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(130)(3)(4)(137)(58)— (38)(133)(1)(230)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation1 1 — 2 1 — — 3 1 4 
Lease payment sustaining— — — — — — — 19 — 19 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— — — — — — — — — — 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — — — — — — — — — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — 3 — 3 6 (1)12 
Total sustaining capital expenditure46 — — 46 16 — 15 75 — 107 
Amortisation relating to inventory— — — — — — — — — — 
Realised other commodity contracts— — — — — — — — — — 
All-in sustaining costs254 34 50 338 249 — 295 540 (1)1,083 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — — (44)— — (44)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies254 34 50 338 249 — 251 540 (1)1,039 
All-in sustaining costs254 34 50 338 249 — 295 540 (1)1,083 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure5 — — 5 — 246 6 — — 252 
Lease payment non sustaining— — — — — — — 1 — 1 
Technology improvements— — — — — — — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs5 — — 4 1 — 4 4 1 10 
Care and maintenance costs— — — — — 48 — — (1)47 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations1 — — — 2 — 9 — — 11 
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs265 34 49 347 252 294 314 545 (1)1,404 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — — (47)— — (47)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies265 34 49 347 252 294 267 545 (1)1,357 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
362 28 52 442 280 — 213 604 — 1,096 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
704 1,237 956 767 890 — 1,176 894 — 947 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
734 1,237 930 785 900 — 1,252 903 — 1,237 

159
For the year ended 31 December 2019
Operations in Africa (DRC, Ghana, Guinea, Mali and Tanzania)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
DRCMaliJointGhanaGuineaTanzania Africa otherSubsidiaries
KibaliMorilaSadiolaVenturesIduapriemObuasiSiguiriGeita
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
338 36 54 428 288 — 315 571 (1)1,173 
By-product revenue(1)— — (1)(1)— — (1)— (2)
Inventory change4 (1)— 3 (5)— 1 (9)1 (12)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — — — — — — — 
Amortisation of tangible assets(130)(3)(4)(137)(58)— (38)(133)(1)(230)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(1)1 — (1)— — (5)(8)(2)(14)
Retrenchment costs— — — — — — — — — — 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue210 33 50 292 224 — 273 420 (2)915 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — — — (41)— — (41)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies210 33 50 292 224 — 232 420 (2)874 
Gold produced - oz (000) (2)
366 27 51 445 275 — 213 604 — 1,091 
Total cash costs per unit - $/oz(3)
572 1,205 966 657 815 — 1,091 695 — 801 

160
For the year ended 31 December 2019
Operations in Australia andA new segment for Projects (previously reported under the Americas (Argentina and Brazil)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AustraliaTotal
Australia		ArgentinaBrazilAmericas otherTotal Americas
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra Grande
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
318 297 17 632 274 417 130 1 822 
By-product revenue— (2)— (3)(61)(20)— (1)(81)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(56)(111)(7)(173)(40)(103)(34)— (177)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation2 — — 2 (3)(3)— 2 (5)
Lease payment sustaining8 4 8 20 — 7 — — 7 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— — — — — — — — — 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — — — — — — — — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs4 — — 4 1 8 5 — 14 
Total sustaining capital expenditure43 83 — 126 33 91 34 — 157 
Amortisation relating to inventory— — — — — — — — — 
Realised other commodity contracts— — — — — — — — — 
All-in sustaining costs319 271 18 609 204 397 136 2 737 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (15)— — — (15)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies319 271 18 609 189 397 136 2 722 
All-in sustaining costs319 271 18 609 204 397 136 2 737 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— 23 — 23 — — — 38 38 
Lease payment non sustaining— — — — — — — — — 
Technology improvements— — — — — — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs5 4 18 27 1 3 1 44 49 
Care and maintenance— — — — — — — — — 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— — — — — 17 3 — 20 
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs324 298 36 659 205 418 140 83 844 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (15)— — — (15)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies324 298 36 659 190 418 140 83 829 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
256 358 — 614 219 358 122 — 700 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,246 757 — 990 859 1,107 1,105 — 1,032 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,266 830 — 1,072 863 1,164 1,141 — 1,183 

161
For the year ended 31 December 2019
Operations in Australia and the Americas (Argentina and Brazil)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AustraliaTotal
Australia		ArgentinaBrazilAmericas otherTotal Americas
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra Grande
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
318 297 17 632 274 417 131 1 822 
By-product revenue— (3)— (3)(61)(20)— (1)(81)
Inventory change(1)(1)— (2)3 (1)— — 2 
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — — — — — — 
Amortisation of tangible assets(56)(111)(7)(173)(40)(103)(34)— (177)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(3)(1)(1)(5)(11)(12)(10)— (33)
Retrenchment costs— — — (1)(1)(2)— (1)(3)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue258 181 9 448 164 279 87 (2)530 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — (12)— — — (12)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies258 181 9 448 152 279 87 (2)518 
Gold produced – oz (000) (2)
254 360 — 614 225 362 123 — 710 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
1,014 504 — 730 673 782 707 — 736 
162
For the year ended 31 December 2019
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(from continuing operations - in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
428 2,626 
By-product revenue(1)(86)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(137)(583)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation2 1 
Lease payment sustaining— 51 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— 82 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— 31 
Total sustaining capital expenditure46 390 
Amortisation relating to inventory— — 
Realised other commodity contracts— — 
All-in sustaining costs338 2,512 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (60)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies338 2,452 
All-in sustaining costs338 2,512 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure5 313 
Lease payment non sustaining— 1 
Technology improvements— — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs4 85 
Care and maintenance costs— 47 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— 38 
Other provisions— 2 
All-in costs347 2,998 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (62)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies347 2,936 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
442 2,410 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
767 1,017 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
785 1,218 
163
For the year ended 31 December 2019
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(from continuing operations - in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
428 2,626 
By-product revenue(1)(86)
Inventory change3 (5)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — 
Amortisation of tangible assets(137)(583)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(1)(53)
Retrenchment costs— (4)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue292 1,895 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— (53)
Total cash costs net of by product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies292 1,841 
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
445 2,415 
Total cash costs (adjusted) per unit – $/oz(3)
657 763 
164
For the year ended 31 December 2018
Corporate and other
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
Corporate (4)
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
(2)
By-product revenue(1)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(3)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation— 
Lease payment sustaining— 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations76 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— 
Sustaining exploration and study costs1 
Total sustaining capital expenditure3 
Amortisation relating to inventory— 
Realised other commodity contracts— 
All-in sustaining costs72
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— 
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies73
All-in sustaining costs72 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure(1)
Lease payment non sustaining— 
Technology improvements— 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs1 
Care and maintenance— 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations6 
Other provisions(1)
All-in costs79
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— 
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies79
Gold sold - oz (000)(2)
— 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
— 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
— 
(1)Adjusting for non-controlling interest of items included in calculation, to disclose the attributable portions only. Other consists of heap leach inventory.
(2)Attributable portion.
(3)In additionsegment) has been introduced due to the operational performancesimplementation of the mines, all-in sustaining cost per ounce, all-in cost per ounce, total cash costs per ounce per ounce are affected by fluctuations innew Operating Model which comprises all the currency exchange rate. AngloGold Ashanti reports all-in sustaining cost per ounce and all-in cost per ounce calculatedmajor non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to the nearest US dollar amount and gold sold in ounces. AngloGold Ashanti reports total cash costs per ounce calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold produced in ounces.
(4)Corporate includes non-gold producing subsidiaries.
(5)Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”.be developed into operating entities. Comparative information has been restated.

Rounding of figures may result in computational discrepancies.


165
For the year ended 31 December 2018
Corporate and other
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
Corporate (4)
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
(2)
By-product revenue(1)
Inventory change(1)
Amortisation of intangible assets(6)
Amortisation of tangible assets3 
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs— 
Retrenchment costs(1)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue(7)
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
(1)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(7)
Gold produced - oz (000) (2)
— 
Total cash costs (adjusted) per unit – $/oz(3)
— 
166
For the year ended 31 December 2018
Operations in Africa (DRC, Ghana, Guinea, Mali and Tanzania)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
DRCMaliJointGhanaGuineaTanzaniaAfrica otherSubsidiaries
KibaliMorilaSadiolaVenturesIduapriemObuasiSiguiriGeita
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
373 42 65 480 233 (6)286 612 2 1,127 
By-product revenue(1)— — (1)— — — (2)— (2)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(149)(7)(9)(165)(29)— (38)(144)(3)(214)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation1 3 — 4 — — 2 2 — 4 
Lease payment sustaining— — — — — — — — — — 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— — — — — — — — — — 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — — — — — — — — — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — 1 — 7 8 — 16 
Total sustaining capital expenditure54 2 — 56 43 — 11 59 — 113 
Amortisation relating to inventory— — — — — — — — — — 
Realised other commodity contracts— — — — — — — — — — 
All-in sustaining costs278 40 56 374 248 (6)267 535 — 1,044 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — — (40)— — (40)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies278 40 56 374 248 (6)227 535 — 1,004 
All-in sustaining costs278 40 56 374 248 (6)267 535 — 1,044 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure10 — 1 11 — 48 85 — — 133 
Lease payment non sustaining— — — — — — — — — — 
Technology improvements— — — — — — — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs1 — — 1 — 1 10 — — 11 
Care and maintenance costs— — — — — 39 — — — 39 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— — — — — — — — — — 
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs289 40 57 386 248 82 362 535 — 1,227 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — — (54)— — (54)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies289 40 57 386 248 82 308 535 — 1,173 
Gold sold - oz (000)(2)
370 30 58 459 254 — 244 568 — 1,066 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
752 1,321 990 820 977 — 930 940 — 941 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
782 1,321 1,005 846 977 — 1,261 940 — 1,099 



167190
For the year ended 31 December 2018
Operations in Africa (DRC, Ghana, Guinea, Mali and Tanzania)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
DRCMaliJointGhanaGuineaTanzaniaAfrica otherSubsidiaries
KibaliMorilaSadiolaVenturesIduapriemObuasiSiguiriGeita
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
373 42 65 480 233 (6)286 612 2 1,127 
By-product revenue(1)— — (1)— — — (2)— (2)
Inventory change(3)— 1 (2)— — (3)(2)— (5)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — — — — — — — 
Amortisation of tangible assets(149)(7)(9)(165)(29)— (38)(144)(3)(214)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(1)(1)— (2)— 6 (5)(10)— (8)
Retrenchment costs— — (2)(2)— — — — — — 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue219 34 55 308 204 — 240 454 — 898 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — — — (36)— — (36)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies219 34 55 308 204 — 204 454 — 862 
Gold produced - oz (000) (2)
363 30 59 452 254 — 242 564 — 1,060 
Total cash costs per unit - $/oz(3)
600 1,145 938 680 804 — 844 804 — 813 
168
For the year ended 31 December 2018
Operations in Australia and the Americas (Argentina and Brazil)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AustraliaTOTAL AUSTRALIAArgentinaBrazilAmericas otherTotal Americas
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra Grande
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
310 293 18 622 325 382 129 2 838 
By-product revenue— (2)— (2)(111)(17)— — (128)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(51)(92)(6)(149)(50)(99)(42)— (192)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation1 1 — 2 (3)(6)(2)(1)(11)
Lease payment sustaining— — — — — — — — — 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— — — — — — — — — 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — — — — — — — — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs7 5 — 12 2 4 4 — 10 
Total sustaining capital expenditure79 74 2 154 36 96 35 9 176 
Amortisation relating to inventory— — — — — — — — — 
Realised other commodity contracts— — — — — — — (5)(5)
All-in sustaining costs346 279 15 639 199 360 124 5 688 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (15)— — (9)(24)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies346 279 15 639 184 360 124 (4)664 
All-in sustaining costs346 279 15 639 199 360 124 5 688 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— 2 — 2 — — — — — 
Lease payment non sustaining— — — — — — — — — 
Technology improvements— — — — — — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— — 18 18 — 2 — 34 36 
Care and maintenance— — — — — — — — — 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— — — — 2 12 3 (1)16 
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs346 281 32 659 201 374 127 38 740 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (15)— — — (15)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies346 281 33 659 186 374 127 38 725 
Gold sold - oz (000)(2)
283 332 — 615 282 370 131 — 783 
All-in sustaining cost per unit - $/oz(3)
1,223 843 — 1,038 652 973 945 — 855 
All-in cost per unit - $/oz(3)
1,223 848 — 1,070 656 1,015 965 — 932 
169
For the year ended 31 December 2018
Operations in Australia and the Americas (Argentina and Brazil)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AustraliaTOTAL AUSTRALIAArgentinaBrazilAmericas otherTotal America
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra Grande
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
310 293 19 622 325 382 129 2 838 
By-product revenue— (2)— (2)(111)(17)— — (128)
Inventory change7 5 — 12 (7)(6)(3)— (16)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — — — — — — 
Amortisation of tangible assets(51)(92)(6)(149)(50)(99)(42)(1)(192)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs— (5)(1)(6)(10)4 2 — (4)
Retrenchment costs— — — — (2)(1)— — (3)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue266 199 12 477 145 263 86 1 495 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — (11)— — — (11)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies266 199 12 477 134 263 86 1 484 
Gold produced - oz (000) (2)
289 336 — 625 282 364 130 — 776 
Total cash costs per unit - $/oz(3)
920 594 — 762 476 723 660 — 624 
170
For the year ended 31 December 2018
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(from continuing operations - in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
480 2,584 
By-product revenue(1)(133)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(165)(558)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation4 (5)
Lease payment sustaining— — 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— 76 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— 38 
Total sustaining capital expenditure56 445 
Amortisation relating to inventory— — 
Realised other commodity contracts— (5)
All-in sustaining costs374 2,443 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (64)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies374 2,379 
All-in sustaining costs374 2,443 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure11 133 
Lease payment non sustaining— — 
Technology improvements— — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs1 65 
Care and maintenance costs— 39 
Care and maintenance costs, Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— 22 
Other provisions— (1)
All-in costs386 2,702 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (69)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies386 2,634 
Gold sold - oz (000)(2)
459 2,463 
All-in sustaining cost per unit - $/oz(3)
820 970 
All-in cost per unit - $/oz(3)
846 1,075 
171
For the year ended 31 December 2018
AngloGold Ashanti operations - Total
(from continuing operations - in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
480 2,584 
By-product revenue(1)(133)
Inventory change(2)(9)
Amortisation of intangible assets— (5)
Amortisation of tangible assets(165)(553)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(2)(17)
Retrenchment costs(2)(4)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue308 1,863 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— (47)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies308 1,816 
Gold produced - oz (000)(2)
452 2,460 
Total cash costs (adjusted) per unit - $/oz(3)
680 743 

172

Tables provided for information purposes for reconciliation of Non-GAAP to GAAP metrics (South African operations)
For the year ended 31 December 2020
Operations in South Africa
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
MponengWest Wits OperationsSurface OperationsSouth Africa otherTotal South Africa (Operations)
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(3)
158 158 124 4 287 
By-product revenue(1)— — — (1)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets— — — — — 
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation— — — — — 
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— — — — — 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — — — — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — — 
Total sustaining capital expenditure27 27 7 1 35 
Realised other commodity contracts— — — — — 
All-in sustaining costs184 185 131 5 321 
All-in sustaining costs184 185 131 5 321 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— — — — — 
Lease Payment non-sustaining— — — 
Technology improvements— — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — — 
Care and maintenance— — — 17 17 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— — — — — 
Other provisions— — — — — 
All-in costs184 185 131 22 338 
Gold sold - oz (000)(1)
135 135 109 — 247 
All-in sustaining cost (excluding stockpile write-offs) per unit - $/oz(2)
1,365 1,365 1,201 — 1,296 
All-in cost per unit (excluding stockpile write-offs) - $/oz(2)
1,366 1,366 1,201 — 1,367 
(1)Attributable portion (excluding pre-production ounces).
(2)In addition to the operational performances of the mines, all-in sustaining cost per ounce, all-in cost per ounce and total cash costs per ounce are affected by fluctuations in the currency exchange rate. AngloGold Ashanti reports all-in sustaining cost per ounce and all-in cost per ounce calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold sold in ounces. AngloGold Ashanti reports total cash costs per ounce calculated to the nearest US dollar amount and gold produced in ounces.
(3)Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 2—Segmental Information”.
173
For the year ended 31 December 2020
Operations in South Africa (Discontinued operations)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
MponengWest Wits OperationsSurface OperationsSouth Africa otherTotal South Africa (Operations)
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(3)
158 158 124 4 287 
By-product revenue(1)(1)— — (1)
Inventory change(1)(1)(2)(4)(7)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — —
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets— — — — —
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs— — — — —
Retrenchment costs(1)(1)— — (2)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue155 155 122 — 277 
Gold produced - oz (000)(1)
134 134 107 — 241 
Total cash costs per unit -
$/oz(2)
1,164 1,164 1,131 — 1,149 
MponengWest Wits OperationsSurface OperationsSouth Africa otherTotal South Africa (Operations)
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)158 158 124 4 287 
By-product revenue(1)— — — (1)
Cost of sales157 158 124 4 286 
Realised other commodity contracts— — — — — 
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets— — — — — 
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation— — — — — 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure— — — — — 
Lease payment sustaining— — — — — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — — 
Total sustaining capital expenditure27 27 7 1 35 
All-in Sustaining costs184 185 131 5 321 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non gold producing companies (1)— — — — — 
All-in Sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies184 185 131 5 321 
All-in Sustaining costs184 185 131 5 321 
Non-Sustaining project capital expenditure— — — — — 
Non-sustaining lease payments— — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — — 
Care and maintenance— — — 17 17 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— — — — — 
Other provisions— — — — — 
All-in costs184 185 131 22 338 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non gold producing companies (1)— — — — — 
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies184 185 131 22 338 
Gold sold - oz (000)135 135 109 — 247 
All-in sustaining cost per unit $/oz1,365 1,365 1,201 — 1,296 
All-in cost per unit $/oz1,366 1,366 1,201 — 1,367 




174191
For the year ended 31 December 20192020
Operations in South Africa (Discontinued operations)
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
MponengWest Wits OperationsSurface OperationsSouth Africa otherTotal South Africa (Operations)
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
158 158 124 4 287 
By-product revenue(1)(1)— — (1)
Inventory change(1)(1)(2)(4)(7)
Amortisation of tangible assets— — — — — 
Amortisation of right of use assets— — — — — 
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — — 
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs— — — — — 
Retrenchment costs(1)(1)— — (2)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue155 155 122 — 277 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies— — — — — 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies155 155 122 — 277 
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
134 134 107 — 241 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
1,164 1,164 1,131 — 1,149 




192

For the year ended 31 December 2020

Operations Africa
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AFRICAAFRICA
KibaliOtherJoint VenturesIduapriemObuasi RestatedSiguiriGeitaAfrica OtherSubsidiaries Restated
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
340 — 340 280 164 377 542 (1)1,362 
By-product revenue(1)— (1)(1)— — (2)— (3)
Cost of sales339 — 339 279 164 377 540 (1)1,359 
Realised other commodity contracts— — — — — — — — — 
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(104)— (104)(74)(11)(41)(124)— (250)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation1 — 1 1 — — 4 — 5 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure— — — — — — — — — 
Lease payment sustaining9 — 9 — — — 17 — 17 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— — — 3 — 2 5 — 10 
Total sustaining capital expenditure52 — 52 60 7 15 80 1 163 
All-in sustaining costs296 — 297 269 161 353 522 — 1,304 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — (53)— — (53)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies296 — 297 269 161 300 522 — 1,251 
All-in sustaining costs296 — 297 269 161 353 522 — 1,304 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— — — — 199 15 7 — 220 
Non-sustaining lease payments— — — — — — 2 — 2 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— — — 2 2 5 2 — 11 
Care and maintenance— — — — — — — — — 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations2 3 4 — 10 — — — 10 
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs298 3 301 271 371 373 533 — 1,546 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— — — — — (56)— — (56)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies298 3 301 271 371 317 533 — 1,490 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
365 — 365 274 120 215 639 — 1,249 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
809 — 810 985 1,332 1,397 814 — 1,002 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
817 — 824 992 3,078 1,476 831 — 1,193 



193

For the year ended 31 December 2020
Operations Africa
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
MponengWest Wits OperationsSurface OperationsSouth Africa otherTotal South Africa (Operations)
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(3)
287 287 189 3 479 
By-product revenue— — ——(1)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(47)(47)(13)(1)(61)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation— — ——1 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — (3)(3)(6)
Total sustaining capital expenditure47 47 73 57 
Realised other commodity contracts— — ——— 
All-in sustaining costs287 287 180 2 469 
All-in sustaining costs287 289 180 2 469 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure2 — ——2 
Technology improvements— — ——— 
Care and maintenance— — —4242 
All-in costs289 289 18044 513 
Gold sold - oz (000)(1)
242 242 172 — 414 
All-in sustaining cost (excluding stockpile write-offs) per unit - $/oz(2)
1,186 1,187 1,043 — 1,132 
All-in cost per unit (excluding stockpile write-offs) - $/oz(2)
1,197 1,198 1,043 — 1,240 

AFRICAAFRICA
KibaliOtherJoint VenturesIduapriemObuasi RestatedSiguiriGeitaAfrica otherSubsidiaries Restated
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
340 — 340 280 164 377 542 (1)1,362 
By-product revenue(1)— (1)(1)— — (2)— (3)
Inventory change(1)— (1)1 16 (1)(12)— 3 
Amortisation of tangible assets(101)— (101)(74)(11)(40)(108)— (232)
Amortisation of right of use assets(3)— (3)— — (1)(16)— (17)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — — — — — — 
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(4)— (4)(6)(2)(9)(5)— (22)
Retrenchment costs— — — — — — — — — 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue230 — 230 200 166 326 399 (1)1,092 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — — (49)— — (49)
Total cash costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies and other230 — 230 200 166 277 399 (1)1,043 
Gold produced - oz (000)(2)
364 — 364 275 127 215 623 — 1,239 
Total cash costs per unit - $/oz(3)
6290629731130712936410841


175


194
For the year ended 31 December 20192020
Operations in South AfricaAustralia, America and Projects
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AUSTRALIAAMERICAS
PROJECTS (6) Restated
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherTotal AustraliaCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra GrandeAmericas other RestatedTotal Americas
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
342 338 25 705 269 391 102 2 764 — 
By-product revenue(1)(2)— (3)(82)(17)— — (99)— 
Cost of sales341 336 25 702 187 374 102 2 665 — 
Realised other commodity contracts— — — — — — — — — — 
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(64)(94)(2)(160)(26)(109)(27)(1)(163)— 
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation2 1 — 3 (7)3 — — (4)— 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure— — — — — — — — — — 
Lease payment sustaining11 10 1 22 — 8 2 — 10 — 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— 1 — 1 2 2 — — 4 — 
Total sustaining capital expenditure50 64 — 114 31 103 33 — 167 — 
All-in sustaining costs340 318 24 682 187 381 110 1 679 — 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (14)— — — (14)— 
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies340 318 24 682 173 381 110 1 665 — 
All-in sustaining costs340 318 24 682 187 381 110 1 679 — 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure3 25 — 28 — — — — — 49 
Non-sustaining lease payments— — — — — — — — — — 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs22 5 17 44 1 6 3 — 10 47 
Care and maintenance— — — — — — — — — — 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— — — — — 8 2 — 10 — 
Other provisions— — — — — — — — — — 
All-in costs365 348 41 754 188 395 115 1 699 96 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non -gold producing companies(1)
— — — — (14)— — — (14)— 
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies365 348 41 754 174 395 115 1 685 96 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
258 299 — 557 186 364 114 — 664 — 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,320 1,061 — 1,225 931 1,050 953 — 1,003 — 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
1,417 1,164 — 1,356 934 1,091 997 — 1,032 — 



195

For the year ended 31 December 2020
Operations in Australia, America and Projects
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
AUSTRALIAAMERICAS
Sunrise DamTropicanaAustralia otherTotal AustraliaCerro VanguardiaAngloGold Ashanti
Mineração		Serra GrandeAmericas otherTotal Americas
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
342 338 25 705 269 391 102 2 764 
By-product revenue(1)(2)— (3)(82)(17)— — (99)
Inventory change(1)(1)— (2)(16)1 — — (16)
Amortisation of tangible assets(54)(86)— (141)(26)(100)(25)— (151)
Amortisation of right of use assets(10)(8)(1)(18)— (8)(2)(1)(11)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — (1)(1)— (1)— — (1)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(2)(1)(1)(4)(13)4 3 (1)(6)
Retrenchment costs— — — — — (1)— — (2)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue274 240 22 536 132 269 77 — 478 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests, non-gold producing companies and other(1)
— — — — (10)— — — (10)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies274 240 22 536 122 269 77 — 468 
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
256 298 — 554 173 362 114 — 649 
Total cash costs per unit – $/oz(3)
1,069 807 — 968 699 747 665 — 721 



196

For the year ended 31 December 2020
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES EXCLUDING
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS RESTATED
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(5)
340 2,829 
By-product revenue(1)(105)
Cost of sales339 2,724 
Realised other commodity contracts— 5 
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets(104)(575)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation1 4 
Corporate administration and marketing expenditure— 67 
Lease payment sustaining9 52 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— 15 
Total sustaining capital expenditure52 445 
All-in sustaining costs297 2,740 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (67)
All-in sustaining costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies297 2,672 
All-in sustaining costs297 2,740 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— 298 
Non-sustaining lease payments— 2 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— 112 
Care and maintenance— — 
Closure and social responsibility costs not related to current operations4 29 
Other provisions— — 
All-in costs301 3,179 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (70)
All-in costs adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies301 3,109 
Gold sold – oz (000)(2)
365 2,470 
All-in sustaining cost per unit – $/oz(3)
810 1,082 
All-in cost per unit – $/oz(3)
824 1,259 



197

For the year ended 31 December 2020
AngloGold Ashanti operations – Total
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
MponengWest Wits OperationsSurface OperationsSouth Africa otherTotal South Africa (Operations)JOINT VENTURESSUBSIDIARIES EXCLUDING
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS RESTATED
Total cash costsTotal cash costsTotal cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(3)(5)
Cost of sales per segmental information(3)(5)
287 287 189 3 479 
Cost of sales per segmental information(3)(5)
340 2,829 
By-product revenueBy-product revenue— —— — (1)By-product revenue(1)(105)
Inventory changeInventory change3 3(1)— 2 Inventory change(1)(16)
Amortisation of tangible assetsAmortisation of tangible assets(101)(526)
Amortisation of right of use assetsAmortisation of right of use assets(3)(47)
Amortisation of intangible assetsAmortisation of intangible assets— —— — — Amortisation of intangible assets— (3)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(47)(47)(13)(1)(61)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costsRehabilitation and other non-cash costs(2)(2)(2)(2)(6)Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(4)(32)
Retrenchment costsRetrenchment costs(2)(2)— — (2)Retrenchment costs— (2)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenueTotal cash costs net of by-product revenue239 239 173 — 411 Total cash costs net of by-product revenue230 2,101 
Gold produced - oz (000)(1)
244 244 175 — 419 
Total cash costs per unit -
$/oz(2)
976 976 987 — 981 
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
Adjusted for non-controlling interests and non-gold producing companies(1)
— (59)
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and
non-gold producing companies		Total cash costs net of by-product revenue adjusted for non-controlling interests and
non-gold producing companies		230 2,042 
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
Gold produced – oz (000)(2)
364 2,442 
Total cash costs (adjusted) per unit – $/oz(3)
Total cash costs (adjusted) per unit – $/oz(3)
629 836 


176
For the year ended 31 December 2018
Operations in South Africa
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
KopanangMoab KhotsongVaal River
Operations		MponengWest Wits OperationsSurface OperationsSouth Africa otherTotal South Africa (Operations)
All-in sustaining costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(3)
29 48 77 320 320 193 — 590 
By-product revenue(2)(4)(6)— — — — (6)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets— — — (57)(57)(15)— (72)
Adjusted for decommissioning and inventory amortisation— — — — — (3)— (3)
Corporate administration and marketing related to current operations— — — — — — — — 
Inventory writedown to net realisable value and other stockpile adjustments— — — — — — 1 1 
Sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — — — — — 
Total sustaining capital expenditure— 7 7 49 49 12 — 68 
All-in sustaining costs27 51 78 312 312 187 1 578 
All-in sustaining costs27 51 78 312 312 187 1 578 
Non-sustaining project capital expenditure— — — 5 5 — — 5 
Technology improvements— — — — — — 4 4 
Non-sustaining exploration and study costs— — — — — — — — 
Care and maintenance— — — — — — 35 35 
Corporate and social responsibility costs not related to current operations— — — — — — — — 
All-in costs27 51 78 317 317 187 40 622 
Gold sold - oz (000)(1)
13 41 53 265 265 171 — 490 
All-in sustaining cost (excluding stockpile write-offs) per unit - $/oz(2)
2,115 1,247 1,452 1,177 1,177 1,094 — 1,178 
All-in cost per unit (excluding stockpile write-offs) - $/oz(2)
2,115 1,247 1,452 1,196 1,196 1,094 — 1,268 




177
For the year ended 31 December 2018
Operations in South Africa
(in $ millions, except as otherwise noted)
KopanangMoab KhotsongVaal River
Operations		MponengWest Wits OperationsSurface OperationsSouth Africa otherTotal South Africa (Operations)
Total cash costs
Cost of sales per segmental information(3)
29 48 77 320 320 193 — 590 
By-product revenue(2)(4)(6)— — — — (6)
Inventory change— (1)(1)— — (4)— (5)
Amortisation of intangible assets— — — — — — — — 
Amortisation of tangible assets— — — (57)(57)(15)— (72)
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs(2)(1)(3)(4)(4)2 2 (3)
Retrenchment costs— — — — — — — — 
Total cash costs net of by-product revenue25 42 67 259 259 176 2 504 
Gold produced - oz (000) (1)
12 39 51 265 265 171 — 487 
Total cash costs per unit -
$/oz(2)
2,002 1,083 1,304 977 983 1,030 — 1,033 






178198
5B.    LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

In the board’s opinion, AngloGold Ashanti’s working capital is sufficient to meet the company’sCompany’s present requirements.

Comparison of cash flows in 2022 with 2021

Cash flows from operating activities

Comparison of operating activities in 2020 with 2019

Cash flows from operating activities were $1,545increased by $536 million, or 42 percent, from $1,268 million in 2020, $5872021 to $1,804 million or 61 percent, higher than the 2019 amount of $958 million.in 2022. The increase in cash flows generated by operationsfrom operating activities was mainly due to an increase in revenue from gold sales due to an increase in the gold price and an increase in dividends received from joint ventures, partiallyan increase in receipts from customers as a result of an increase in gold production, as well as lower taxation paid due to lower profit before taxation in Australia, Brazil, Argentina and Tanzania. This increase was partly offset by an increase in payments to suppliers and employees as a result of higher production costs, which was impacted byand unfavourable working capital movements.

Net cash outflow from operating working capital items amounted to $238$137 million in 2020,2022, compared with an outflowinflow of $165$53 million in 2019.2021. The outflow from operating working capital in 2022 mainly relatesrelated to an increase in inventories and an increase in trade, other receivables and other assets, partly offset by an increase in trade, other payables and provisions.

Cash flows from operating activities were also impacted by movements in the VAT lock-up of value added tax (“VAT”) at Geita in Tanzania as well as foreign exchange controls and increased export-duty receivablesexport duties at Cerro Vanguardia.Vanguardia in Argentina. In Tanzania, on 1 July 2020, the Finance Act, 2020 (No. 8) became effective, amending the Value Added Tax Act, 2014 (No. 5), without retrospective effect, specifically by deleting the disqualification of refunds due to exporters of ‘raw minerals’. This allows for the recovery of VAT refunds at Geita for mineral exporters from July 2020 onwards. Discussions with the Tanzanian tax authorities are ongoing to resolve our historical claims fornet overdue recoverable VAT input credit refunds for(after discounting provisions) increased by $11 million, or eight percent, from $142 million in 2021 to $153 million in 2022, as a result of new claims submitted to the period from July 2017 to June 2020, whileTanzania Revenue Authority (“TRA”) during 2022 and despite offsetting verified VAT claims from July 2020 onwards are subjectof $45 million against corporate tax payments in 2022. AngloGold Ashanti expects to verification procedures by such authorities before any refunds will be received.continue offsetting verified VAT claims against corporate taxes. See “Item“Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Tanzania”. In Argentina, CVSA had a cash balance of $137the net export duty receivables (after discounting provisions) decreased by $10 million, equivalent asor 53 percent, from $19 million at 31 December 2020,2021 to $9 million at 31 December 2022. In addition, Cerro Vanguardia’s cash balance decreased by $23 million (equivalent), or 17 percent, from $139 million (equivalent) at 31 December 2021 to $116 million (equivalent) at 31 December 2022. While the approvals of which $50 million is currently eligible to be declared as dividends. Application has been made to the Argentinean Central Bank to approve $11 million of this eligible amountpurchase US dollars to be paiddistribute offshore dividends to AngloGold Ashanti are pending, the company, however, approvalcash remains pending. The cash is fully available for CVSA’sCerro Vanguardia’s operational and exploration requirements. See “Item“Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Argentina”.

Dividends received from associates and joint ventures increased by $71$463 million, or 200 percent, from $77$231 million in 20192021 to $148$694 million in 2020, hampered2022. In this connection, cash flows from operating activities were impacted by the slowlevel of cash repatriation from, and movements in the VAT lock-up at, the Kibali joint venture in the DRC. During 2022, AngloGold Ashanti’s cumulative cash receipts from the Kibali joint venture, located in the DRC. Cumulative cash receipts from the DRC in 2020 totalled $140 million, which includedform of dividends of $49 million received from Kibali (Jersey) Limited, amounted to $694 million. Kibali (Jersey) Limited received such cash from Kibali Goldmines S.A. in the fourth quarterform of 2020. At 31 December 2020,loan repayments (net of bank fees) (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $658 million) and dividends (net of withholding taxes) (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $36 million). AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share of the outstanding cash balances awaiting repatriation from the DRC amounteddecreased by $459 million, or 92 percent, from $499 million at 31 December 2021 to $424 million. Barrick,$40 million at 31 December 2022. The cash is fully available for the operatoroperational requirements of the Kibali joint venture, continuesGoldmines S.A. In addition, Kibali Goldmines S.A. is due certain refunds of VAT which, to engage with the DRC Government regarding the 2018 Mining Code and the cash repatriation. Since the third quarter of 2020,date, remain outstanding. During 2022, AngloGold Ashanti did not recover any VAT offsets and refunds have also been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemicfrom its operations in the DRC. AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share of the net recoverable VAT balance (including recoverable fuel duty and after discounting provisions) owed to AngloGold Ashanti by the DRC government increased by $13 million, or 18 percent, from $73 million at 31 December 2021 to $86 million at 31 December 2022. See “Item“Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)”.

Comparison of operating activities in 2019 with 2018

Cash flowsNet taxation paid decreased by $182 million, or 58 percent, from operating activities were $958$316 million in 2019, $1022021 to $134 million or 12 percent, higher than the 2018 amount of $856 million.in 2022. The increasedecrease in cash flows generated by operationsnet taxation paid was mainly due to an increaselower profit before taxation in revenue from gold sales due to an increase in the average gold price received partially offset by an increase in production costsAustralia, Brazil, Argentina and a decrease in dividends received from joint ventures.

Net cash outflow from operating working capital items amounted to $165 million in 2019, compared with an outflow of $122 million in 2018.Tanzania.

Cash flows from investing activities

Comparison of investing activities in 2020 with 2019

Cash flows from investing activities amounted to a net outflow of $448$1,461 million in 2020, $2352022, $521 million, or 3455 percent, lowerhigher than 2019an outflow of $683 million.$940 million in 2021. The decreaseincrease in cash outflow from investing activities was largely due to $200the acquisition of assets of $517 million proceeds on disposal of discontinued assetsduring 2022 and subsidiaries (South Africa asset disposal group) and $26 million proceeds from disposal of joint ventures (Sadiola and Morila).

Comparison of investing activitiesmovements in 2019 with 2018

Cash flows from investing activities amounted to a net outflow of $683 million in 2019, $122 million or 22 percent, higher than 2018 outflow of $561 million. The increase was largely due to an increase in capital expenditure by $128 million, or 22 percent, from $575 million in 2018 to $703 million in 2019. The capital expenditure increase was largely due to increased expenditure of $198 million on the Obuasi redevelopment projectcash restricted for use, partly offset by lower project capital expenditure at Siquirihigher interest received in Argentina due to higher cash and cash equivalent balances in 2022. The acquisition of $78 million with commissioningassets mainly consists of the CIL combination plantCompany’s acquisition of Corvus Gold Inc. (“Corvus Gold”) and Coeur Sterling, Inc. (“Coeur Sterling”) during 2019.2022. On 18 January 2022, the Company completed its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Corvus Gold (not already owned by AngloGold Ashanti). The cash consideration paid, including transaction costs, amounted to $365 million. On 4 November 2022, the Company completed its acquisition of all of the outstanding stock of Coeur Sterling, Inc. (a subsidiary of Coeur Mining, Inc.). The cash consideration paid, including transaction costs, amounted to $152 million.




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Cash flows from financing activities

Comparison of financing activities in 2020 with 2019

Cash flows from financing activities in the year ended 31 December 20202022 amounted to a net outflow of $329$323 million, which is a change of $152$133 million from an outflow of $177$456 million in the year ended 31 December 2019. Proceeds2021. The decrease in outflow was mainly due to lower net repayment of borrowings, finance costs and dividends paid, partly offset by an increase in repayment of lease liabilities.

Cash inflows from proceeds from borrowings in 2020 increaseddecreased by $2,058$556 million from $168$822 million in 20192021 to $2,226$266 million in 2020.2022. In order to safeguard the balance sheet during the COVID-19 pandemic, AngloGold Ashanti took proactive steps by fully drawing on the $1.4 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility in March 2020 to bolster liquidity. All amounts were repaid by 31 December 2020 and the $1.4 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility is undrawn as at 15 March 2021. In addition, in April 2020 AngloGold Ashanti secured a new standby credit facility of $1.0 billion in order to provide additional liquidity at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The $1.0 billion standby facility, which remained undrawn, was cancelled on 1 October 2020. At the start of October 2020,2021, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc issued, a 10-year bond, fully and unconditionally guaranteed byat the end of October 2021, the $750 million 2028 notes (as defined below). In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti Limited, with a semi-annual coupon of 3.750% per annum maturingdrew the remaining undrawn commitments under the $150 million 2021 Geita RCF (as defined below), fully drew on 1 October 2030 (subject to early redemption)the $65 million 2022 Siguiri RCF (as defined below) and partially drew on the $1.4 billion 2022 multi-currency RCF (as defined below).

Cash outflows from repayment of borrowings increaseddecreased by $2,187$636 million from $123$820 million duringin 2021 to $184 million in 2022. In 2021, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc repurchased the year ended 31 December 2019 to $2,310$750 million during the year ended 31 December 2020. This increase was mainly due to the repayment2022 notes (as defined below) by way of a 10-year ($700 million) bond issued during April 2010tender offer in October 2021 followed by a redemption in November 2021. In 2022, AngloGold Ashanti repaid $95 million under, and repaid at maturity April 2020 and the repayment ofcancelled, the $1.4 billion 2018 multi-currency revolving credit facility, which had been fully drawn.RCF (as defined below) and repaid $35 million under, and cancelled, the $65 million 2016 Siguiri RCF (as defined below).

Finance costs paid decreased by $19$11 million from $137$120 million in 20192021 to $118$109 million in 2020.2022. The decrease was mainly due to a combination of reduced borrowings, reducedlower interest rates, interest capitalised againstpaid on the Obuasi redevelopment project2028 notes issued in 2021, compared to the 2022 notes which were repurchased and lower lease liabilities. The 10-year $700 million bond offering priced at 3.750% per annum assistedredeemed in reducing finance costs by replacing relatively more expensive debt.2021.

Other borrowing costs increaseddecreased by $24 million from nil in 2019 to $33$35 million in 2020 and mainly relate2021 to $11 million in 2022. The other borrowing costs associated withpaid in 2021 were for the $1.0 standby credit facility and underwriting fees for the issuance of the 2028 notes as well as the tender offer premium and redemption premium costs of the 2022 notes. The other feesborrowing costs paid in 2022 mainly related to the 10-year $700 million bond offering priced at 3.750% per annum.transaction costs of the new $1.4 billion 2022 multi-currency RCF.

Dividends paid decreased by $37 million from $240 million in 2021 to $203 million in 2022. Dividends paid to non-controlling interests decreasedincreased by $7$6 million from $16 million in 20192021 to $9$22 million in 2020.2022. These dividends were paid by our non-wholly owned subsidiaries CVSA and Siguiri to their respective non-AGA related shareholders.

During 2020,2022, the companyCompany declared and paid a dividend of $38$181 million to its shareholders, compared to $27$224 million in 2019.2021.

Comparison of cash flows in 2021 with 2020

Cash flows from operating activities

Cash flows from operating activities from continuing operations decreased by $315 million, or 20 percent, from $1,583 million in 2020 to $1,268 million in 2021. The decrease in cash flows from continuing operations was mainly due to a decrease in receipts from customers as a result of a decrease in gold production and an increase in payments to suppliers and employees as a result of higher production costs. This decrease was partly offset by lower taxation paid due to lower profit before tax, an increase in dividends received from joint ventures and favourable working capital movements.

Net cash inflow from operating working capital items amounted to $53 million in 2021, compared with an outflow of $238 million in 2020. The inflow from operating working capital in 2021 mainly related to a decrease in inventories and an increase in trade, other payables and provisions, partly offset by a decrease in trade, other receivables and other assets.

Cash flows from operating activities were also impacted by movements in the lock-up of value added tax (“VAT”) at Geita in Tanzania as well as foreign exchange controls and export duties at Cerro Vanguardia in Argentina. In Tanzania, net overdue recoverable VAT input credit refunds (after discounting provisions) increased by $3 million, or two percent, from $139 million in 2020 to $142 million in 2021, as a result of new claims submitted to the Tanzania Revenue Authority (“TRA”) during 2021 and despite offsetting verified VAT claims of $54 million against corporate tax payments in 2021. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Tanzania”. In Argentina, the net export duty receivables (after discounting provisions) decreased by $4 million, or 17 percent, from $23 million at 31 December 2020 to $19 million at 31 December 2021. In addition, Cerro Vanguardia’s cash balance increased by $2 million (equivalent), or one percent, from $137 million (equivalent) at 31 December 2020 to $139 million (equivalent) at 31 December 2021. While the approval of the Argentinean Central Bank to purchase US dollars to distribute an offshore dividend to AngloGold Ashanti is pending, the cash remains fully available for Cerro Vanguardia’s operational requirements. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Americas—Argentina”.

Dividends received from joint ventures increased by $83 million, or 56 percent, from $148 million in 2020 to $231 million in 2021. In this connection, cash flows from operating activities were impacted by the level of cash repatriation from, and movements in the VAT lock-up at, the Kibali joint venture in the DRC. During 2021, AngloGold Ashanti’s cumulative cash receipts from the Kibali joint venture, in the form of dividends from Kibali (Jersey) Limited, amounted to $231 million. Kibali (Jersey) Limited received such cash from Kibali Goldmines S.A. in the form of loan repayments (net of bank fees) (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $150 million) and dividends (net of withholding taxes) (AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share: $81 million). AngloGold Ashanti’s



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attributable share of the outstanding cash balances awaiting repatriation from the DRC increased by $75 million, or 18 percent, from $424 million at 31 December 2020 to $499 million at 31 December 2021. The cash is fully available for the operational requirements of Kibali Goldmines S.A. In addition, Kibali Goldmines S.A. is due certain refunds of VAT which, to date, remain outstanding. During 2021, AngloGold Ashanti did not recover any VAT offsets and refunds from its operations in the DRC. AngloGold Ashanti’s attributable share of the net recoverable VAT balance (including recoverable fuel duty and after discounting provisions) owed to AngloGold Ashanti by the DRC government increased by $4 million, or six percent, from $69 million at 31 December 2020 to $73 million at 31 December 2021. See “Item 4B: Business Overview—The Regulatory Environment Enabling AngloGold Ashanti to Mine—Africa—Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)”.

Net taxation paid decreased by $115 million, or 27 percent, from $431 million in 2020 to $316 million in 2021. The decrease in net taxation paid was mainly due to lower profit before taxation in Ghana, Australia, Brazil, Argentina and Tanzania.

Cash flows from operating activities from discontinued operations were nil in 2021, compared to a net cash inflow of $109 million in 2020.

Cash flows from investing activities

Cash flows from investing activities from continuing operations amounted to a net outflow of $940 million in 2021, $454 million, or 93 percent, higher than 2020 outflow of $486 million. The increase in outflow from continuing operations was largely due to higher capital expenditure of $288 million, or 39 percent, from $739 million in 2020 to $1,027 million in 2021, mainly due to increased conversion of Mineral Reserve, waste stripping at open pit mines and improved rates of underground development, and the transition of our TSFs in Brazil to dry-stacked structures to comply with new legal requirements, as well as proceeds from the disposals in 2020 of the South African assets of $200 million and certain joint ventures (Sadiola and Morila) of $26 million not being repeated in 2021. The increase in outflows was partly offset by the disposal of certain assets in Brazil and higher interest receipts in Argentina due to higher cash and cash equivalent balances in 2021.

Cash flows from investing activities from discontinued operations were nil in 2021, compared to a net cash outflow of $31 million in 2020.

Cash flows from financing activities in 2019 with 2018

Cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations in the year ended 31 December 20192021 amounted to a net outflow of $177$456 million, which is a change of $216$127 million from an outflow of $393$329 million in the year ended 31 December 2018. Proceeds2020. The increase in outflow was mainly due to an increase in dividends paid, partly offset by lower net repayment of borrowings.

Cash inflows from proceeds from borrowings in 2019 decreased by $585$1,404 million from $753$2,226 million in 20182020 to $168$822 million in 2019. This decrease included a $21 million drawdown2021. In 2020, AngloGold Ashanti fully drew on the $1.4 billion syndicated revolving credit facility, $1302018 multi-currency RCF in March 2020 and AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc issued, at the start of October 2020, the $700 million in proceeds from2030 notes (as defined below). In 2021, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc issued, at the local borrowings facilities in South Africa and proceeds from other small loans amounting to $17 million.end of October 2021, the $750 million 2028 notes.

Cash outflows from repayment of borrowings decreased by $844$1,490 million from $967 during$2,310 million in 2020 to $820 million in 2021. In 2020, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc repaid, at maturity in April 2020, the year ended 31 December$700 million 2020 notes (as defined below) and AngloGold Ashanti repaid the fully drawn $1.4 billion 2018 to $123multi-currency RCF in October 2020. In 2021, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc repurchased the $750 million during the year ended 31 December 2019. This decrease included the repayment2022 notes by way of $122 million of the local borrowing facilitiesa tender offer in South Africa and $1 million relating to other loans.October 2021 followed by a redemption in November 2021.

Finance costs paid increased by $7$2 million from $130$118 million in 20182020 to $137$120 million in 2019.2021. The increase was mainly due to a combination of increased borrowingslower interest capitalised against the Obuasi redevelopment project and higher lease liabilities and fluctuating interest rates for Geita of $10 million, Siguiri of $6 million and Argentina of $2 million partially offset by decreased borrowings and fluctuating interest rates for Australia of $9 million, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc of $5 million, Corporate (non-gold producing subsidiaries) of $2 million and finance costs paid on leases for Australia of $6 million, Geita of $1 million, Brazil of $1 million and Corporate of $1 million.liabilities.

Other borrowing costs decreasedincreased by $10$2 million to nil in 2019 from $10$33 million in 2018.2020 to $35 million in 2021. The decrease was due toother borrowing costs paid in 2020 included the absencecosts of new transactionAngloGold Ashanti’s $1.0 billion standby credit facility and the underwriting fees for the issuance of the 2030 notes. The other borrowing costs paid in 2019.2021 were for the underwriting fees for the issuance of the 2028 notes as well as the tender offer premium and redemption premium costs of the 2022 notes.

Dividends paid increased by $193 million from $47 million in 2020 to $240 million in 2021. Dividends paid to non-controlling interests increased by $1$7 million from $15$9 million in 20182020 to $16 million in 2019.2021. These dividends were paid by our non-wholly owned subsidiaries.subsidiaries CVSA and Siguiri to their respective non-AGA related shareholders.

During 2019,2021, the companyCompany declared and paid a dividend of $27$224 million to its shareholders, compared to $24$38 million in 2018.2020.

Cash flows from financing activities from discontinued operations were nil in 2020 and 2021.


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Liquidity

Sources of liquidity

To service the capital commitments and other operational requirements, the companyAngloGold Ashanti is dependent on existing cash resources, cash generated from operations and borrowing facilities. borrowings (in the form of bonds and credit facilities).

AngloGold Ashanti intends to finance its capital expenditure, capital lease obligations, other purchase obligations, environmental rehabilitation expenditures and debt repayment requirements in 2023 from cash on hand, cash flow from operations, existing credit facilities and, potentially, if deemed appropriate, long-term debt financing and the issuance of equity and equity-linked instruments. As part of the management of liquidity, funding and interest rate risk the Group regularly evaluates market conditions and may enter into transactions, from time to time, to repurchase outstanding debt, pursuant to open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, tender offers or other means.

Cash and cash equivalents

AngloGold Ashanti’s cash and cash equivalents decreased by $48 million, or four percent, from $1.154 billion at 31 December 2021 to $1.106 billion at 31 December 2022. At 31 December 2022, 78 percent of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were held in US dollars, three percent in Australian dollars, eight percent in South African rands, ten percent in Argentinean pesos and one percent in other currencies. Amounts are converted to US dollars at exchange rates as of 31 December 2022.

Cash generated from operations

Cash generated from operations is subject to operational, market and other risks. Distributions from operations may be subject to foreign investment, exchange control laws and regulations and the quantity of foreign exchange available in offshore countries. For example, in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Central Bank of Argentina, cash generated by our Argentinean operations is held in Argentinean peso and is subject to monetary and exchange policy controls. In addition, distributions from joint ventures are subject to relevant board approvals.

AngloGold Ashanti’s revenues are derived primarily from the sale of gold produced at its mines. Cash flows from operating activities are therefore the function of gold produced that is sold at a specific price. The market price of gold can fluctuate widely, which impacts the profitability of the company’sCompany’s operations and the cash flows generated by these operations. AngloGold Ashanti’s cash and cash equivalents increased to $1.33 billion at 31 December 2020 compared with $456 million at 31 December 2019. In accordance with South African Reserve Bank regulations, cash generated by South African operations is held in South African rands and is therefore subject to exchange controls. At 31 December 2020, 67 percent of the company’s cash and cash equivalents were held in US dollars, five percent in Australian dollars, 14 percent in South African rands, 11 percent in Argentinian pesos and 3 percent in other currencies.

Borrowings

The credit facilities and other finance arrangements contain financial covenants and other similar undertakings. To the extent that external borrowings are required, the company’sCompany’s covenant performance indicates that existing financing facilities will be available to meet the above commitments. To the extent that any of the financing facilities mature in the near future, the companyCompany believes that sufficient measures are in place to ensure that these facilities can be refinanced.

A full analysis of the borrowings as presented on the statement of financial position is included in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 24—Borrowings”.

Bonds

During April 2010, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc issued two rated bonds, fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Limited. The 10-year ($700 million) bond with a semi-annual coupon of 5.375% per annum (the “2020 notes”) was repaid at maturity on 15in April 2020.2020 and is no longer outstanding. The 30-year ($300 million) bond with a semi-annual coupon of 6.50% per annum (the “2040 notes”) will mature on 15 April 2040, unless the companyCompany redeems the bond earlier. See also “Item 10C: Material Contracts—Notes—20102020 Notes and 2040 Notes”.

During July 2012, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc issued a rated bond, fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Limited. The 10-year ($750 million) bond with a semi-annual coupon of 5.125% per annum will mature on 1 August 2022, unless(the “2022 notes”) was repurchased in part in October 2021 with the company redeems the bond earlier.remainder redeemed in November 2021 and is no longer outstanding. See also “Item“Item 10C: Material Contracts—Notes—20122022 Notes”.

During October 2020, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc issued a rated bond, fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Limited. The 10-year ($700 million) bond with a semi-annual coupon of 3.750% per annum (the “2030 notes”) will mature on 1 October 2030, unless the companyCompany redeems the bond earlier. See also “Item“Item 10C: Material Contracts—Notes—20202030 Notes”.

FollowingDuring October 2021, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc issued a rated bond, fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Limited. The 7-year ($750 million) bond with a semi-annual coupon of 3.375% per annum (the “2028 notes”) will mature on 1 November 2028, unless the completion ofCompany redeems the South African asset sale, the company has cancelled its ZAR RCF facilities. The ZAR RCF 1.4 billion, the ZAR RCF 2.5 billion and the ZAR RCF 1.0 billion facilities were cancelled on 19 February, 23 October and 11 November 2020, respectively.bond earlier. See also “Item 10C: Material Contracts—Notes—2028 Notes”.

On 23



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Credit facilities

During August 2016, Geita Gold Mining Limited and Société AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A., each as a borrower, entered into two separate three-year unsecured revolving facilities agreements with Nedbank Limited, as lender, of $35 million (which was combined with the Geita RCF in January 2019) and $65 million (Siguiri RCF). In February 2019, Société AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A. renewed the $65 million Siguiri RCF with Nedbank Limited for a further 3 years. The current interest rate charged is LIBOR +8.50%. The Siguiri RCF matures in 3 May 2022 and was fully drawn as of 31 December 2020.

During April 2018, Geita Gold Mining Limited, as borrower, entered into a three-year unsecured multi-currency revolving credit facility of $115$65 million with Nedbank Limited, as underwriterlender (the “2016 Siguiri RCF”). In February 2019, the 2016 Siguiri RCF was renewed for a further three years. The interest rate charged was LIBOR plus 8.50%. In April 2022, the 2016 Siguiri RCF, which was due to mature in May 2022, was extended for a further three months and agent, and certain financial institutions party thereto, as original banks (Geita RCF). The agreementthe interest rate was amended to a fixed rate plus 8.50%. On 3 August 2022, the 2016 Siguiri RCF was repaid and restated in January 2019 to add $35 million. Facility A is a US dollar based facility with interest charged at a margin of 6.7% above LIBOR and facility B is a Tanzanian shilling facility capped at the equivalent of $45 million with interest charged at a margin of 5% plus a reference rate as determined by the lending agent. The Geita RCF matures in June 2021. As of 31 December 2020, the equivalent of $41 million was undrawn under the $150 million Geita RCF.cancelled.

During October 2018, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc and AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited, as borrowers, entered into a five-year unsecured multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility of $1.4 billion ($1.4 billion(the “2018 multi-currency RCF)RCF”) with the Bank of Nova Scotia, as facility agent, and certain financial institutions party thereto, as lenders. The loan consistsconsisted of (i) a US dollar based facility with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above LIBOR and (ii) an Australian dollar based facility capped at A$500 million with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above BBSY. The applicable margin was subject to a ratings grid. In this regard, the interest margin reduced if the Group’s credit rating improved from its current BB+/Baa3 status and increased if its credit rating worsened. The A$500 million portion of the 2018 multi-currency RCF was used to fund the working capital and development costs associated with the Group’s mining operations within Australia without eroding the Group’s headroom under its other facilities and exposing the Group to foreign exchange gains/losses each quarter. On 9 June 2022, the 2018 multi-currency RCF was repaid and cancelled.

During December 2021, Geita Gold Mining Limited, as borrower, entered into a three-year unsecured multi-currency revolving credit facility of $150 million with Nedbank Limited, as underwriter and agent, and certain financial institutions party thereto, as original banks (the “2021 Geita RCF”). The 2021 Geita RCF consisted of a Tanzanian shilling component capped at the equivalent of $87 million bearing interest at 12.5% and a US dollar component bearing interest at LIBOR plus 6.7%. On 27 February 2023, the 2021 Geita RCF was amended to, among other matters, increase its size to $277 million and change the reference rate to Term SOFR. The amended 2021 Geita RCF consists of a Tanzanian shilling component capped at the equivalent of $148 million bearing interest at 12.5% and a US dollar component of $129 million bearing interest at Term SOFR plus 6.7%. The 2021 Geita RCF will mature during August 2024 or December 2024 depending on the fulfilment of certain conditions in the facility agreement. As of 31 December 2022, the 2021 Geita RCF was fully drawn at $150 million.

AngloGold Ashanti Limited, as borrower, seeks to renew its corporate overnight facility of ZAR 150 million (the “RMB corporate overnight facility”) with FirstRand Bank Limited on an annual basis. During October 2021, the RMB corporate overnight facility was reduced from ZAR 500 million to ZAR 150 million. As of 31 December 2022, the ZAR 150 million RMB corporate overnight facility was undrawn.

On 9 June 2022, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc and AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited, as borrowers, entered into a new five-year unsecured multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility of $1.4 billion (the “2022 multi-currency RCF”) with the Bank of Nova Scotia, as facility agent, and certain financial institutions party thereto, as lenders. The 2022 multi-currency RCF refinanced the 2018 multi-currency RCF. The loan consists of (i) a US dollar based facility with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above Compounded SOFR adjusted for CAS and (ii) an Australian dollar based facility capped at A$500 million with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above BBSY. The applicable margin is subject to a ratings grid. In this regard, the interest margin will reduce shouldif the group’sGroup’s credit rating improveimproves from its current BB+/Baa3 status and shouldwill increase if its credit rating worsens. The A$500 million portion of this facilitythe 2022 multi-currency RCF will be used to fund the working capital and development costs associated with the group’sGroup’s mining operations within Australia without eroding the group’sGroup’s headroom under its other facilities and exposing the groupGroup to foreign exchange gains/losses each quarter. This facility matures in October 2023.The 2022 multi-currency RCF will mature on 9 June 2027, with the option, upon application, to be extended by two years. As of 31 December
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2020,$1,362 million was undrawn under the $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF was undrawn.(with the equivalent of $37 million being drawn under the AUD portion). See also “Item“Item 10C: Material Contracts—Multi-currency Revolving Credit Facility”.

In addition,On 13 October 2022, Société AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A., as borrower, entered into a three-year unsecured revolving credit facility of $65 million with Nedbank Limited, as borrower,lender (the “2022 Siguiri RCF”). The current interest rate charged is Term SOFR plus 8%. The Siguiri RCF will mature on an annual basis renews its corporate overnight facility of ZAR 500 million (ZAR 500 million RMB corporate overnight facility).13 October 2025. As of 31 December 2020,2022, the ZAR 500 million RMB corporate overnight facility2022 Siguiri RCF was undrawn.fully drawn.

A full analysis of the borrowings as presented on the statement of financial position is included in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 26—Borrowings”.

Amounts are converted to US dollars at exchange rates as of 31 December 2020.Environmental obligations

Pursuant to environmental regulations in the countries with in which the companyAngloGold Ashanti operates, in connection with planningplans for the eventual end-of-life of our mines, AngloGold Ashanti is obligated to rehabilitate the lands where such mines are located. In most cases, AngloGold Ashanti is required to provide financial guarantees for such work, including reclamation bonds or letters of credit issued by third party entities, independent trust funds or cash reserves maintained by the operation, to the respective environmental protection agency, or such other government department with responsibility for environmental oversight in the respective country, to cover all or a portion of the estimated environmental rehabilitation obligations.

In most cases, the environmental obligations will expire on completion of the rehabilitation although, in some cases, AngloGold Ashanti may be required to post bonds for potential events or conditions that could arise after the rehabilitation has been completed. In Australia, since 2014, AngloGold Ashanti has paid into a Mine Rehabilitation Fund an amount of A$11 million for a



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current carrying value of the liability of A$107 million. At Iduapriem, AngloGold Ashanti intendshas provided a bond comprising a cash component of $12 million with a further bond guarantee amounting to finance its capital expenditure, capital lease obligations, other purchase obligations, environmental rehabilitation expenditures$14 million issued by ABSA Bank Ghana Limited and debt repayment requirements in 2021 from cash on hand, cash flow from operations, existing credit facilities and, potentially, if deemed appropriate, long-term debt financing, the issuance of equity and equity-linked instruments. As partStandard Chartered Bank Ghana Ltd for a current carrying value of the managementliability of liquidity, funding$46 million. At Obuasi, AngloGold Ashanti has provided a bond comprising a cash component of $22 million with a further bank guarantee amounting to $30 million issued by Stanbic Bank Ghana Limited and interest rate riskStandard Chartered Bank Ghana PLC for a current carrying value of the group regularly evaluates market conditions andliability of $171 million. In some circumstances, the Company may enter into transactions, from timebe required to time, to repurchase outstanding debt, pursuant to open market purchases, tender offers or other means.post further bonds in due course which will have a consequential income statement charge for the fees charged by the providers of the reclamation bonds.

Current borrowings

AngloGold Ashanti’s current borrowings decreased by $592$33 million to $142from $51 million at 31 December 2020 from $7342021 to $18 million at 31 December 2019. The decrease in current borrowings is largely due to the settlement of the 5.375% notes which matured on 15 April 2020.2022. See “Item“Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 26—24—Borrowings”.

Non-current borrowings

AngloGold Ashanti’s non-current borrowings increased by $490$107 million to $1,789from $1,858 million at 31 December 2020 compared2021 to $1,299$1,965 million at 31 December 2019.2022. See “Item“Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 26—24—Borrowings”.

As at 31 December 2020,2022, AngloGold Ashanti’s total non-current borrowings, including the short-term portion maturing within 2020,2022, was made up as follows:
$ (million)
Unsecured borrowings1,9311,983 
Total borrowings1,9311,983 
Less: Short-term maturities (current borrowings)14218 
Total non-current borrowings1,7891,965 
Amounts falling due are scheduled as follows:
$ (million) 
Within one year14218 
Between one and two years812149 
Between two and five years—102 
After five years9771,714 
Total1,9311,983 


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At 31 December 2020,2022, the currencies in which the borrowings were denominated were as follows:
$ (million)
United States dollarsdollar1,8841,858 
Australian dollarsdollar—37 
South African rand— 
Tanzanian shillingsshilling4788 
Brazilian real— 
Total1,9311,983 
At 31 December 2020,2022, AngloGold Ashanti had the following undrawn amounts available under its borrowing facilities:
$ (million)
FirstRand Bank Limited corporate overnight facility (R500(R150 million) – SA rand349 
Multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility ($1.4 billion) – US dollar / Australian dollar1,4001,362 
Geita revolving credit facility ($150 million) – US dollar / Tanzanian shilling (1)
41— 
Siguiri revolving credit facility ($65 million) – US dollar— 
Total undrawn facilities1,4751,371 
(1) On 27 February 2023, the size of the 2021 Geita RCF was increased from $150 million to $277 million.

AngloGold Ashanti had no other committed lines of credit as of 31 December 2020.

2022.
As of 31 December 2020,2022, the companyCompany was in compliance with all debt covenants and provisions related to potential defaults.

See “Item“Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 36—34—Capital Management” and “Item“Item 10C: Material Contracts”.



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At 31 December 2020,2022, lease liabilities were as follows:
$ (million)
Non-current116102 
Current3784 
Total153186 

AngloGold Ashanti, through its executive committee, reviews its short-, medium- and long-term funding, treasury and liquidity requirements and positions monthly.

Supplemental parent guarantor and subsidiary issuer financial information

AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc (the “Issuer”), a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of AngloGold Ashanti Limited (the “Guarantor”), has issued three series of outstanding debt securities which are each fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Guarantor (the “guaranteed debt securities”). The AuditIssuer is a company incorporated under the laws of the Isle of Man that holds certain of AngloGold Ashanti’s operations and Risk Committee also reviews theseassets located outside of South Africa. The guaranteed debt securities outstanding as of 31 December 2022 consisted of:

•a $300 million 30-year bond, with a maturity date of 15 April 2040 and a fixed coupon of 6.500% payable semi-annually (the “2040 notes”);
•a $750 million 7-year bond, with a maturity date of 1 November 2028 and a fixed coupon of 3.375% payable semi-annually (the “2028 notes”); and
•a $700 million 10-year bond, with a maturity date of 1 October 2030 and a fixed coupon of 3.750% payable semi-annually (the “2030 notes”).

The Guarantor fully and unconditionally guarantees the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on each of the guaranteed debt securities, including any additional amounts, when and as any such payments become due, whether at maturity, upon redemption or declaration of acceleration, or otherwise. The Guarantor has obtained the approval of the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) to provide each of the guarantees. Each guarantee constitutes unsecured and unsubordinated debt of the Guarantor and ranks equally with all of its other unsecured and unsubordinated debt from time to time outstanding. Each guarantee is or will be effectively subordinated to any of the Guarantor’s existing and future secured debt, to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt, and structurally subordinated to all of the existing and future liabilities (including trade payables) of each of the Guarantor’s subsidiaries (other than the Issuer). As at 31 December 2022, all of the debt of the Guarantor was unsecured. Under the terms of each full and unconditional guarantee, holders of the guaranteed debt securities will not be required to exercise their remedies against the Issuer before they proceed directly against the Guarantor.

The following summarised financial information reflects, on a quarterlycombined basis, the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of the Issuer and the Guarantor (collectively, the “Obligor Group”). Intercompany balances and transactions within the Obligor Group have been eliminated. Amounts attributable to the Obligor Group’s investment in consolidated subsidiaries that have not issued or guaranteed the guaranteed debt securities (the “Non-Obligor Subsidiaries”) have been excluded. The Obligor Group’s amounts due from, amounts due to and transactions with Non-Obligor Subsidiaries have been separately disclosed, if considered to be material. The summarised financial information below should be read in conjunction with AngloGold Ashanti’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended and as at 31 December 2022, see “Item 18: Financial Statements”.








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Income statement information
Obligor Group(1)
$ (million)Year ended 31 December 2022
Revenues from Non-Obligor Subsidiaries1 
Revenues from Investments18 
Net intergroup dividends, interest, royalties and fees with Non-Obligor Subsidiaries1 
Loss for the period from continuing operations(141)
Loss for the period(141)

(1)    Gross profit is not disclosed for the Obligor Group. The Guarantor changed the nature of its meetings.main operating activities from mining operations to investment holding in 2021 and has no costs and expenses applicable to revenue. As a result cost of sales and gross profit are no longer presented. The principal activity of the Issuer is to act as a holding company for certain of AngloGold Ashanti’s operations and assets located outside of South Africa.

Statement of financial position information
Obligor Group
$ (million)Year ended 31 December 2022
ASSETS
Receivables due from Non-Obligor Subsidiaries1,640 
Other current assets604 
Total current assets2,244 
Non-current assets36 
LIABILITIES
Payables due to Non-Obligor Subsidiaries276 
Other current liabilities198 
Total current liabilities474 
Non-current liabilities1,806 

Contractual commitments and contingencies

For a detailed discussion of commitments and contingencies, see “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 34—32—Contractual Commitments and Contingencies”.

As at 31 December 2020,2022, capital commitments can be summarised over the periods shown below as follows:
Expiration per periodExpiration per period
CommitmentCommitmentTotal
amount		Less than
1 year		1 – 3
years		4 – 5
years		Over 5
years		CommitmentTotal
amount		Less than
1 year		1 – 3
years		4 – 5
years		Over 5
years
(in millions)(in millions)$$$$$(in millions)$$$$$
Capital expenditure (contracted and not yet contracted)(1)
Capital expenditure (contracted and not yet contracted)(1)
487 416 71 — — 
Capital expenditure (contracted and not yet contracted)(1)
437 398 39 — — 
Other commercial commitments(2)
Other commercial commitments(2)
1,273 391 588 242 52 
Other commercial commitments(2)
1,011 436 447 128 — 
TotalTotal1,760 807 659 242 52 Total1,448 834 486 128 — 
(1)    IncludingThere were no commitments through contractual arrangements with equity accountedequity-accounted joint ventures of $12 million.ventures.
(2)    Excludes commitments through contractual arrangements with equity accountedequity-accounted joint ventures.

To service the above capital commitments and other operational requirements, the groupGroup is dependent on existing cash resources, cash generated from operations and borrowing facilities.borrowings (in the form of bonds and credit facilities).
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Recent developments

Recent developments disclosed in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 37—Subsequent Events” include the following details:

Dividend declaration: On 22 February 2021, the directors of AngloGold Ashanti declared a gross cash dividend per ordinary share of 705 South African cents (assuming an exchange rate of ZAR14.70/$, the gross dividend payable per ADS is equivalent to 48 US cents).

COVID-19 pandemic

As of 19 March 2021, all of AngloGold Ashanti’s mines are operating normally, subject to enhanced COVID-19 safety protocols and various travel restrictions, except Cerro Vanguardia which is currently running at between 60% to 80% operating capacity due to continuing inter-provincial travel restrictions in Argentina which prevents certain employees from getting to the site.

As of 19 March 2021, new waves of the outbreak are being experienced in several of our operating jurisdictions, coinciding with the spread of new, more contagious variants of the virus. As with the first waves, the increase in cases has triggered and may in the future trigger government-imposed movement restrictions, including mandatory isolation and quarantine measures. We continue to observe strict health protocols and to exercise vigilance in relation to business continuity, including our supply chain. We remain mindful that the COVID-19 pandemic, its impacts on communities and economies, and the actions authorities may take in response to it, are subject to change in response to current and future conditions.
Related party transactions

For a detailed discussion of related party transactions, see “Item 7B: Related Party Transactions”.

Recently adopted accounting policies and pending adoption of new accounting standards

AngloGold Ashanti’s accounting policies are described in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1—Accounting Policies”.

Critical accounting policies

AngloGold Ashanti’s accounting policies are described in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1—Accounting Policies”.

The preparation of the company’s financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the year. The following are considered to be the accounting policies that are most critical to the company’s results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

Use of estimates and making of assumptions

The more significant areas requiring the use of management estimates and assumptions relate to Ore Reserve that are the basis of future cash flow estimates and unit-of-production depreciation, depletion and amortisation calculations; environmental, reclamation, rehabilitation and closure obligations; asset impairments/reversals (including impairments of goodwill); production start date; and write-downs of inventory to net realisable value. Other estimates include employee benefit liabilities and unrecognised tax positions.

On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates and assumptions; however, actual amounts could differ significantly due to the ultimate conclusion of uncertainties.

Ore Reserve and life-of-mines

AngloGold Ashanti estimates on an annual basis its Ore Reserve at its mining operations. There are a number of uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of Ore Reserve, including many factors beyond the company’s control. Estimates of Ore Reserve are based upon engineering evaluations of assay values derived from samplings of drill holes and other openings. Additionally, declines in the market price of gold may render certain Ore Reserve containing relatively lower grades of mineralisation uneconomic to mine. Further, availability of permits, changes in operating and capital costs, and other factors could materially and adversely affect the Ore Reserve. The company uses its estimates of Ore Reserve to determine the unit basis for mine depreciation and closure rates, and to evaluate mine asset impairments. Changes in estimates of Ore Reserve could significantly affect these items. At least annually, the company reviews mining schedules, production levels and asset lives in the company’s life-of-mine planning for all of the company’s operating and development properties. Significant changes in the life-of-mine plans may occur as a result of mining experience, new ore discoveries, changes in mining methods and rates, process changes, investment in new equipment and technology and gold prices. Based on the life-of-mine analysis the company reviews its accounting estimates and adjusts depreciation, amortisation, reclamation costs and evaluation of each mine for
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impairment where necessary. Accordingly, this analysis and the estimates made therein have a significant impact on the company’s results of operations and financial condition.

Contingencies

Accounting for contingencies requires the recording of an estimated loss for a loss contingency when information available indicates that it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred, and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Accounting for contingencies such as legal and income tax matters requires the use of judgements to determine the amount to be recorded in the financial statements. By their nature, contingencies will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur, and typically, those events will occur a number of years into the future. The company assesses such contingent liabilities, which inherently involves the exercise of significant management judgement and estimates of the outcome of future events.

Production start date

AngloGold Ashanti assesses the stage of each mine construction project to determine when a project moves into the production stage. The criteria used to assess the start date are determined by the unique nature of each mine construction project and include factors such as the complexity of a plant and its location. When the construction project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use it moves into the production stage and capitalisation of certain mine construction costs cease. Further costs incurred on the project are recognised as inventory or expensed, except for capitalisable costs related to mining asset additions or improvements, underground mine development, deferred stripping activities, or Ore Reserve development.

Phase 1 of the Obuasi mine re-development project moved into the production stage on 1 October 2020 when it was determined that the Phase 1 assets were capable of operating in the manner intended by management. The criteria used in the assessment of Obuasi start date included, the following:

•level of capital expenditure compared to the construction cost estimates;
•completion of a reasonable period of testing of the constructed asset;
•the ability to consistently produce saleable product in the processing plant;
•consistent ore mining rate per day over a period of time, underground development metre rate;
•adequacy of stope face;
•level of milling rate at a sustainable recovery and grade;
•ability to produce metals in saleable form (within specifications); and
•ability to sustain ongoing production of metal.

Recoverable tax, rebates, levies and duties

In a number of countries, particularly in the Africa region and Argentina, AngloGold Ashanti is due refunds of indirect tax which remain outstanding for periods longer than those provided for in the respective statutes. Management assesses recovery of the receivables based on probability weighted cashflows the timing of the recoveries.

Provision for environmental rehabilitation

AngloGold Ashanti’s mining and exploration activities are subject to various laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment including in respect of obligations to reclaim or rehabilitate lands once mining operations cease. The company recognises management’s best estimate for asset retirement obligations in the period in which they are incurred. Actual costs incurred in future periods could differ materially from the estimates. Additionally, future changes to environmental laws and regulations, life of mine estimates and discount rates could affect the carrying amount of this provision. Changes in Ore Reserve could similarly affect the useful lives of assets depreciated on a straight-line-basis, where those lives are limited to the life of mine.


5C.    RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, PATENTS AND LICENSES, ETC.

Research and development expenditure included in the income statement amounted to $1 million during 2020, nil during 2019 and $1 million during 2018.


5D.    TREND INFORMATION

For a discussion of trends affecting AngloGold Ashanti’s business and operations, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results”.


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5E.    OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

AngloGold Ashanti does not engage in off-balance sheet financing activities, and does not have any off-balance sheet debt obligations, special purpose entities or unconsolidated associates. The most significant off-balance sheet item is the unaccrued future rehabilitation obligations.

See “Item 5F: Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations”.
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5F.    TABULAR DISCLOSURE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONSContractual obligations

As at 31 December 20202022, AngloGold Ashanti had the following known contractual obligations:
TotalLess than
1 year		1 – 3
years		4 – 5
years		More than
5 years
(in millions)$$$$$
Long-term debt obligations including interest(1)
2,658 205 947 92 1,414 
Capital lease obligations160 42 60 39 19 
Purchase obligations
- Contracted capital expenditure(2)
120 120 
- Other purchase obligations(3)
1,273 391 588 242 52 
Environmental rehabilitation costs(4)
643 51 82 73 437 
Pensions and other post-retirement medical obligations(5)
83 9 19 18 37 
Total4,937 818 1,696 464 1,959 

TotalLess than
1 year		1 – 3
years		4 – 5
years		More than
5 years
(in millions)$$$$$
Long-term debt obligations including interest(1)
2,775 102 392 183 2,098 
Capital lease obligations203 79 100 22 2 
Purchase obligations
- Contracted capital expenditure(2)
178 178 
- Other purchase obligations(3)
1,011 436 447 128 — 
Environmental rehabilitation costs(4)
734 61 109 83 481 
Provision for silicosis(5)
43 12 13 15 3 
Pensions and other post-retirement medical obligations(6)
71 8 18 16 29 
Total5,015 876 1,079 447 2,613 

(1)    Interest calculations are at the rate existing at the year end. Actual rates are set at floating rates for some of the borrowings (Refer to “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 26—24—Borrowings”).
(2)    Represents contracted capital expenditure for which contractual obligations exist. Amounts stated include commitments of equity accounted joint ventures.
(3)    Other purchase obligations represent contractual obligations for mining contract services, purchase of power, supplies, consumables, inventories, explosives and activated carbon.
(4)    Pursuant to environmental requirements, AngloGold Ashanti is obligated to close its operations and reclaim and rehabilitate the lands upon which it conducted its mining and gold recovery operations. The present value of estimated closure costs at existing operating mines as well as mines in various stages of closure are reflected in this table. Costs are calculated using undiscounted real cash flows, not nominal cash flows. The amount will change from year to year depending on rehabilitation work undertaken, changes in design and methodology, and new occurrences. For more information on AngloGold Ashanti’s environmental rehabilitation obligations, see "Item“Item 4B: Business Overview-MineOverview—Mine Site Rehabilitation and Closure"Closure” and "Item“Item 4B: Business Overview-Environmental, HealthOverview—Sustainability and SafetyEnvironmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) Matters”. Amounts stated include a total estimated liability of $24$17 million in respect of equity accountedequity-accounted joint ventures.
(5)    In South Africa, AngloGold Ashanti has been subject to numerous claims, including class action litigation with respect to alleged occupational lung diseases. The settlement agreement in relation to the silicosis and tuberculosis class action came into effect in December 2019, following the approval of the settlement by the High Court in Johannesburg in July 2019. As a result, a trust (Tshiamiso Trust) was established for a minimum of 13 years responsible for making payments to eligible beneficiaries. The amount of monetary compensation will vary depending on the nature and seriousness of the disease. See “Item 3D: Risk Factors—The prevalence of occupational health diseases and other diseases and the potential costs and liabilities related thereto may have an adverse effect on the business and results of operations of AngloGold Ashanti”, “Item 4B: Business Overview—Sustainability and Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) Matters” and “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1.2—Statement of Compliance—Significant Accounting Judgements and Estimates—Provision for silicosis”.
(6)    Represents payments for unfunded plans or plans with insufficient funding. A $12 million reimbursive asset relating to annuities purchase to fund the asset has been separately recognised.

Off-balance sheet arrangements

AngloGold Ashanti does not engage in off-balance sheet financing activities, and does not have any off-balance sheet debt obligations, special purpose entities or unconsolidated associates. The most significant off-balance sheet item are the unaccrued future rehabilitation obligations.

Recent developments

Recent developments disclosed in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 35—Subsequent Events” include the following details:

Dividend declaration - On 22 February 2023, the directors of AngloGold Ashanti declared a gross cash dividend per ordinary share of 322 South African cents (assuming an exchange rate of ZAR 17.53/$, the gross dividend payable per ADS is equivalent to 18 US cents) which was approximately $75 million.

AngloGold Ashanti and Gold Fields Propose Joint Arrangement in Ghana - Gold Fields and AngloGold Ashanti (the “Parties”) have agreed the key terms of a proposed joint venture in Ghana between Gold Fields’ Tarkwa and AngloGold Ashanti’s neighbouring Iduapriem Mines (the “Proposed Joint Venture”). The Tarkwa Mine is held by Gold Fields Ghana, in which Gold Fields currently owns a 90% share and the Government of Ghana (the “GoG”) holds 10%. The Iduapriem Mine is currently 100% owned by AngloGold Ashanti. Both mines are located near the town of Tarkwa in the country’s Western Region. The Parties have agreed in principle on the key terms of the Proposed Joint Venture and will engage with the GoG and other key stakeholders, including relevant regulators, with a view to implementing the Proposed Joint Venture as soon as practically possible. The Parties have agreed to mutual exclusivity during this engagement. It is intended that the Proposed Joint Venture will be an incorporated joint venture, constituted within Gold Fields Ghana and operated by Gold Fields.

AngloGold Ashanti will contribute its 100% interest in the Iduapriem Mine to Gold Fields Ghana in return for a shareholding in that company. Excluding the interest to be held by the GoG, Gold Fields will have an interest of 66.7%, or two-thirds, and



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AngloGold Ashanti will have an interest of 33.3%, or one-third, in the Proposed Joint Venture. There can be no certainty that the Parties will enter into a definitive agreement with respect to the Proposed Joint Venture or about the timing, terms and conditions of any such definitive agreement. Implementation of the Proposed Joint Venture is subject to, among other matters, reaching agreement with the GoG regarding the Proposed Joint Venture, conclusion of confirmatory due diligence and securing all requisite regulatory approvals.

Related party transactions

For a detailed discussion of related party transactions, see “Item 7B: Related Party Transactions”.

Recently adopted accounting policies and pending adoption of new accounting standards

AngloGold Ashanti adopted the amendment to IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment—Proceeds before Intended Use” on 1 January 2022. The amendment prohibits deducting from the cost of an item of property, plant and equipment any proceeds from selling items produced while bringing that asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Instead, an entity recognises the proceeds from selling such items, and the cost of producing those items, in profit or loss. The cost allocation requires significant judgement in terms of this amendment. In accordance with the transitional provisions of IAS 16 an entity applies the amendments retrospectively to items of property, plant and equipment made available for use on or after the beginning of the earliest period presented when the entity first applies the amendment.

The adoption of the amendment on 1 January 2022 resulted in a retrospective increase in property, plant and equipment and a decrease in accumulated losses of $33 million as of 31 December 2020. There was no impact on the 2021 results as no revenue was capitalised in 2021. The effects of the 2020 restatement are included in the accumulated losses opening balance of the 2021 financial reporting period. The impact arises from the reclassification of revenue, cost of sales, and tangible assets and the resulting amortisation recalculation, resulting exclusively from the redevelopment of the Obuasi mine. No other operation was impacted by the adoption of the amendment.

AngloGold Ashanti’s accounting policies are described in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1—Statement of Compliance—Accounting Standards, Interpretations and Amendments to Published Accounting Standards”.

Critical accounting policies

AngloGold Ashanti’s accounting policies are described in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1.2—Statement of Compliance—Significant Accounting Judgements and Estimates”.

Use of estimates and making of assumptions

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the year.

The more significant areas requiring the use of management estimates and assumptions relate to Mineral Reserve that are the basis of future cash flow estimates and unit-of-production depreciation, depletion and amortisation calculations; environmental, reclamation, rehabilitation and closure obligations; asset impairments/reversals (including impairments of goodwill); production start dates; and write downs of inventory to net realisable value. Other estimates include employee benefit liabilities and unrecognised tax positions.

The complex or subjective judgements that have the most significant effect on amounts recognised and the sources of estimation uncertainty where there is a significant risk of material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in the next reporting period are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates and assumptions; however, actual amounts could differ significantly due to the ultimate conclusion of uncertainties.

AngloGold Ashanti’s significant accounting judgements and estimates are described in “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 1.2—Statement of Compliance—Significant Accounting Judgements and Estimates”.


5C.    RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, PATENTS AND LICENSES, ETC.

Research and development expenditure included in the income statement amounted to $1 million during each of 2022, 2021 and 2020.



5D.    TREND INFORMATION



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For a discussion of trends affecting AngloGold Ashanti’s business and operations, see “Item 5A: Operating Results—Key factors affecting results”.


5E.    CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Not applicable.


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209
ITEM 6: DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES


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6A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT

Directors

As at 1910 March 2021,2023, AngloGold Ashanti has a unitary board comprising 9ten directors - 8eight independent non-executive directors and onetwo executive director.directors. Certain information with respect to AngloGold Ashanti’s directors is set forth below:


NameAgePosition
Year first
appointed(1)
Christine Ramon53Executive director and interim chief executive officer2014
Maria Ramos (2)
62Independent non-executive director and chairman2019
Kojo Busia58Independent non-executive director2020
Alan Ferguson63Independent non-executive director2018
Albert Garner65Independent non-executive director2015
Rhidwaan Gasant61Lead independent non-executive director2010
Nelisiwe Magubane55Independent non-executive director2020
Maria Richter66Independent non-executive director2015
Jochen Tilk57Independent non-executive director2019

NameAgePosition
Year first
appointed(1)
Alberto Calderon63Executive director and Chief Executive Officer2021
Gillian Doran46Executive director and Chief Financial Officer2023
Maria Ramos64Independent non-executive director and chairperson2019
Rhidwaan Gasant63Lead independent non-executive director2010
Kojo Busia60Independent non-executive director2020
Alan Ferguson65Independent non-executive director2018
Albert Garner67Independent non-executive director2015
Scott Lawson61Independent non-executive director2021
Maria Richter68Independent non-executive director2015
Jochen Tilk59Independent non-executive director2019
(1)Directors serve for a period of three years unless re-elected. At each annual general meeting, directors appointed since the previous annual general meeting are required to retire but are eligible for re-election. In addition, one-third    One-third of the directors (if their number is not a multiple of three, then the number nearest to but not less than one third)one-third), must retire at each annual general meeting, according to senioritythose who have been longest in office or by lot but may be re-elected.
(2)Appointed as Chairman with effect from 5 December 2020.

re-elected, if eligible. A director may not serve for a period of more than three years without retiring. Directors appointed since the previous annual general meeting must be approved by shareholders at the next annual general meeting (“AGM”).


Maria Ramos (62)(64)
MSc, (Economics), BCom (Economics);(Hons), Banker Diploma, Certified Associate of the Institute of Bankers (South Africa)(SA)
Independent Non-Executive Director and ChairmanChairperson
Appointed: 1 June 2019 and chairmanas chairperson of the board on 5 December 2020
Board committee memberships:Nominations and Governance Committee (Chairman)(Chairperson)
Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee
Remuneration and Human Resources Committee

Ms.Maria Ramos serves as Chair of the board of AngloGold Ashanti. She joined AngloGold Ashanti asis an Independent Non-Executive Director in 2019. In January 2021 she was appointed Independent Non-Executive Directorindependent non-executive director of Standard Chartered PLC. She alsoPlc and serves on the board of Compagnie Financière Richemont SA. Until December 2020 sheShe served as Independent Non-ExecutiveGroup chief executive officer of Absa Group (previously Barclays Africa Group Limited), retiring in 2019. Prior to that she was CEO of Transnet and served as Director General of South Africa’s National Treasury.

She recently served as independent non-executive director on the boards of the Public Investment Corporation (PIC) and Saudi British Bank (SABB).Bank. She also co-chaired the United Nations Secretary General’sGeneral's Task Force on Digital Financing of the Sustainable Development Goals.

Between March 2009 and February 2019, Ms. Ramos served as Chief Executive Officer of Absa Group leading the Group through a number of significant milestones including the acquisition of the Barclays Africa subsidiary banks; the sell-down by Barclays PLC and setting a new strategy and refreshed brand for the bank. Before joining Absa (previously Barclays Africa Group Limited) as Group Chief Executive in March 2009, Ms. Ramos served as the Chief Executive of Transnet Limited for five years. This followed an eight-year tenure as director general of South Africa’s National Treasury (formerly the Department of Finance) during which time she played a crucial role in transforming the Treasury into one of the most effective and efficient state departments in the post-apartheid administration.

Ms. Ramos has in the past served as a non-executive and independent director on the boards of Sanlam Ltd, Remgro Ltd and SABMiller PLC.Plc. She was a member of the World Economic Forum’sForum's International Business Council and member of its executive Committee for 12 yearscommittee and its chairman between 2017 and 2019.chairperson for two years.

She is a member of the Group of Thirty and serves on the International Advisory Board of the Blavatnik School of Government, Oxford University. She is a member of the Bretton Woods Committee Advisory Council.

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Table of Contents







Rhidwaan Gasant (61)(63)



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BCompt (Hons), CA (SA), ACIMA, CGMA, Executive Development Programme
Lead Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 12 August 2010
Board committee memberships:Audit and Risk Committee
Investment Committee
Nominations and Governance Committee
Remuneration and Human Resources Committee


Rhidwaan Gasant is the Lead Independent Non-Executive Director. He was previously the Chief Executive Officer of Energy Africa Limited. He serves as a director and chairs the Audit and Risk Committees of international companies in the MTN Group. He Chairs the Audit Committee of Growthpoint Properties Limited.

Alan Ferguson (63)
BSc (Accountancy and Business Economics);
CA (Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland)
Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 October 2018
Board committee memberships:Audit and Risk Committee (Chairman) Remuneration and Human Resources Committee
Nominations Committee

Alan Ferguson is an Independent Non-Executive Director and is the chairman of the Audit and Risk Committee. As a chartered accountant, Mr. Ferguson is highly experienced in a range of finance roles. He was a former chief financial officer of a number of FTSE-listed entities, including Lonmin Plc. Since 2011 he has held non-executive directorships on a number of boards including Johnson Matthey, Croda International and the Weir Group where he chaired their Audit Committees. He currently sits on the board of Marshall Motors Holdings where he chairs the Audit Committee and is Senior Independent Director. All these companies are listed on the FTSE in the United Kingdom. In addition, Mr. Ferguson sits on the Business Policy Panel of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland and works for the UK Audit Committee Chair’s Independent Forum.


Albert Garner (65)
BSE, Aerospace and Mechanical Sciences
Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 January 2015
Board committee memberships:Investment Committee
Remuneration and Human Resources Committee

Albert Garner is an Independent Non-Executive Director. He has extensive experience in capital markets, corporate finance and mergers and acquisitions having worked with Lazard Frères & Co., LLC for over 40 years in various leadership positions. He is one of the most senior bankers at Lazard, currently leading their special committee practice and chairing their fairness opinion committee. He formerly led Lazard’s corporate finance practice. Mr. Garner became a general partner in 1989 and is now Vice Chair -Investment Banking. Over the past 10 years he has advised and acted as lead adviser to more than 50 companies and their boards of directors on transformative transactions.

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Nelisiwe Magubane (55)
Pr.Eng, BSc, MBA
Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 January 2020
Board committee memberships:Audit and Risk Committee
Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee


Neli Magubane has extensive experience inRhidwaan Gasant was previously the energy sector, having started her career in Eskom. After a stint in the private sector as a consulting electrical engineer, she joined the Department of Minerals and Energy as the chief director responsible for the restructuring of the electricity sector, planning and implementation of the electrification programme. She was later appointed as the Deputy Director General responsible for the development of the policies that govern electricity, nuclear and clean energy in South Africa.

In 2009, Ms. Magubane was appointed as Director GeneralCEO of Energy responsible for, amongst other things,Africa Limited. He is currently the developmentindependent non-executive chairman of the integrated resource planGrowthpoint Properties Limited and improved access to electricity for over a million households in four years. She was responsible for the regulatory framework and policies that govern the liquid fuels and gas sectors. She was also responsible for oversight of the State-Owned Companies (SOC) that operate in the energy sector, namely CEF SOC LTD, NECSA SOC LTD, and the Regulatory Authorities that govern the energy sector. She established the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Program.

More recently, she has been appointed to the current board of Eskom Holdings SOC Limited as a non-executive director. Ms. Magubane has been named one of the top 50 most influential figures in the Southern African Power sector by the ESI Africa Magazine. In 2019 she was awarded a Big 5 Energy Award by Africa Oil and Power Conference for outstanding contribution in shaping energy policy in Sub Saharan Africa. As an entrepreneur, she has established Matleng Energy Solutions, a 70% women-owned company that provides energy solutions.


Maria Richter (66)
BA, Juris Doctor
Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 January 2015
Board committee memberships:Remuneration and Human Resources Committee (Chairman)
Audit and Risk Committee
Nominations Committee

Maria Richter is an experienced non-executive director who has served on a diverse range of US and International boards. She previously served onchairs the board of Barclays International and Barclays Bank plc (2017-2019) and National Grid plc ( 2003 -2014) where she was the chairperson of the finance committee and member of the audit and nominations committees. She currently sits on the boards of Rexel Group, France, a global leader in the professional distribution of energy products and services, and Bessemer Trust, a US wealth management company, and is a member of the audit and compensation committees of Rexel and the remuneration committee of Bessemer Trust.

Ms. Richter's professional career spanned 1980 to 2002 during which time she served in various positions at the former Dewey Ballantine, Prudential, Salomon Brothers Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co.


Jochen Tilk (57)
Bachelors in Mining Engineering, Masters in Mining Engineering
Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 January 2019
Board committee memberships:Investment Committee (Chairman)
Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee
Nominations Committee
Audit and Risk Committee

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Jochen Tilk is an Independent Non-Executive Director. He is the former Executive Chair of Nutrien Inc., a Canadian global supplier of agricultural products and services based in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. He is the former President and Chief Executive Officer of Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan. Mr. Tilk, previously spent 25 years with Inmet Mining Corporation, a Canadian-based, international metals company, with five of those years as the company’s president and chief executive officer. He is also a director of Emera Inc., a publicly listed energy utility company and the Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation, a not-for-profit organization, which raises funds to support the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre.

MTN Nigeria Communications Plc.

Kojo Busia (58)(60)
BA,PhD, MA, PhDBA
Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 August 2020
Board committee memberships:Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee (Chairman)(Chairperson)
Investment Committee
Nominations and Governance Committee

Dr. Kojo Busia has over 25 years of professional experience in African natural resources governance and management working at both bilateral and multilateral organisations. He recently held the position of Chief of the Natural Resources Management Section, Technology, Climate Change and Natural Resource Management Division, at the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA).

He previously served as coordinator of the African Mineral Development Centre (AMDC) at the UNECA, where he was charged with the implementation of the African Mining Vision, an African Union policy framework for sustainable mineral resources development.UNECA. Prior to heading the AMDC, Dr. Busia spent nearly a decade leading the African Peer Review Mechanism Support Section, Governance and Public Administration Division, also at the UNECA. In addition, Dr.Dr Busia has served on several advisory boards including the Responsible Mining Foundation Advisory Council, Advisory Director of Global Mining Sustainability, and Mining Indaba’s Sustainability Advisory Committee. He is a founding director of the Africa Resource Management, Environment and Climate Change (ARMECC) Institute, a think-do-tank recently established in Accra, Ghana.

Christine Ramon (53)Alan Ferguson (65)
BCompt, BCompt (Hons), CA(SA), Senior Executive Programme (Harvard)BSc; CA (Scotland)
Interim Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 October 2018
Board committee memberships:Audit and Risk Committee (Chairperson)
Remuneration and Human Resources Committee
Nominations and Governance Committee

Alan Ferguson was a former chief financial officer of a number of FTSE-listed entities, including Lonmin Plc. Since 2011 he has held non-executive directorships on a number of boards including Johnson Matthey, Croda International and Marshall Motors Holdings where he chaired their audit committees and was the Senior Independent Director. He currently serves on the board of Harbour Energy, where he chairs the audit committee. In addition, Mr. Ferguson serves as a member of the Business Policy Panel of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland and is a member of the leadership team of the UK Audit Committee Chair's Independent Forum.

Albert Garner (67)
BSE
Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 January 2015
Board committee memberships:Investment Committee
Remuneration and Human Resources Committee

Albert Garner has extensive experience in capital markets, corporate finance and mergers and acquisitions having worked with Lazard Frères & Co. LLC for over 40 years in various leadership positions. He is one of the most senior bankers at Lazard,



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currently leading their special committee practice and chairing their fairness opinion committee. He formerly led Lazard’s corporate finance practice. Mr. Garner became a general partner in 1989 and is now Vice Chair of Investment Banking.

Maria Richter (68)
BA, Juris Doctor
Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 January 2015
Board committee memberships:Remuneration and Human Resources Committee (Chairperson)
Nominations and Governance Committee Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee

Maria Richter is an experienced non-executive director who has served on a diverse range of US and international company boards. She previously served on the board of Barclays International, Barclays Bank plc and National Grid plc where she was the chairperson of the finance committee and member of the audit and nominations committees. She currently sits on the boards of Rexel Group, France, a global leader in the professional distribution of energy products and services, and Bessemer Trust, a US wealth management company, and is a member of the audit and nominations committees of Rexel and the remuneration committee of Bessemer Trust.

During Ms. Richter’s professional career she served in various positions at the former Dewey Ballantine, Prudential, Salomon Brothers Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co.

Scott Lawson (61)
BSc, Civil Engineering, MBA
BSc, MBA
Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 December 2021
Board committee memberships:Investment Committee
Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee

Scott Lawson has over 35 years in the mining industry and is an experienced global mining executive who has served in a broad range of roles. He is the former executive vice president and chief integration officer of Newmont Corporation. Prior to this Mr. Lawson served as executive vice president and chief technology officer and other executive technical roles for Newmont Corporation.

Mr. Lawson spent 22 years with Rio Tinto in executive roles with Rio Tinto Alcan, Rio Tinto Technology and Innovation and Rio Tinto Kennecott. He is the former senior vice president, engineering services at Peabody Energy responsible for global engineering and technical services support.

Jochen Tilk (59)
Bachelors in Mining Engineering, Masters in Mining Engineering
Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed: 1 January 2019
Board committee memberships:Investment Committee (Chairperson)
Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee
Nominations and Governance Committee
Audit and Risk Committee

Jochen Tilk is the former executive chair of Nutrien Inc., a Canadian global supplier of agricultural products and services. He is the former president and CEO of Potash Corporation. Mr. Tilk, previously spent 25 years with Inmet Mining Corporation, a Canadian-based, international metals company, with five of those years as the company’s president and chief executive officer. He is also a director of Emera Inc., a publicly listed energy utility company and the Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation, a not-for-profit organization.









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Alberto Calderon (63)
PhD, MPhil, MA, Juris Doctor, BA
Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director
Appointed: 1 October 2014September 2021
Board committee memberships:None

Alberto Calderon’s executive experience includes leadership roles across the mining, petroleum, and energy sectors. He served as the chief executive officer of Orica and was also an executive at BHP Group Plc. During his time with BHP Group Plc, Mr. Calderon held a number of key leadership positions, including group executive and chief executive aluminum, nickel and corporate development, group executive and chief commercial officer.

Mr. Calderon was also CEO of Cerrejón Coal Company, an integrated thermal coal mine in Colombia, and CEO of the Colombian oil company, Ecopetrol. Prior to this, Mr. Calderon held senior leadership positions in the International Monetary Fund and the Colombian government and has been a board member of a range of private, public and non-government organisations.

Gillian Doran (46)
Fellow Member of Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (FCCA)
Chief Financial Officer and Executive Director
Appointed: 1 January 2023
Board committee memberships:Investment Committee


Gillian Doran brings more than 25 years of experience in finance and commercial roles across a number of industries, predominantly natural resources and also construction and manufacturing. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Ramon was appointed Interim Chief Executive OfficerDoran served as chief financial officer for Rio Tinto’s Global Aluminium division. Ms. Doran’s career at Rio Tinto spanned over 15 years in a number of senior finance roles within operations, regional business unit and Group headquarters. A seasoned international executive leader having previously worked and lived in Europe, North America and Australia, Ms. Doran brings to AngloGold Ashanti with effect from 1 September 2020. Prior that she served as AngloGold Ashanti’s Chief Financial Officerdeep experience in financial accounting, planning, performance management, investment, transformation and has been an executive director of the company since 1 October 2014. Ms. Ramon has held senior financial management and executive positions in various companies. She previously served as Chief Financial Officer and Executive Director of Sasol from 2006 to 2013. Prior to this, she was CEO of Johnnic Holdings, having previously served as Financial Director. She serves as a director of the World Gold Council and the International Council on Mining and Metals. She previously served on the boards of MTN Group, International Federation of Accountants, Rand Refinery, Lafarge SA (France), Transnet and Johnnic Communications.

Ms. Ramon is a member of the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants. She was recently appointed on the Presidential Council for State Owned Enterprises in South Africa. She was nominated as a Young Global Leader of the World Economic Forum in 2007. Christine previously served as the Chairperson of the listed companies CFO Forum in South Africa and was awarded CFO of the Year in 2018. She also previously served as a member of the Standing Advisory Committee to the International Accounting Standards Board and as Deputy Chair of the Financial Reporting Standards Council of South Africa.

strategy.

Board movements during 20202022 and subsequent to year-end

The following changes to the board of directors took place during the period from 1 January 20202022 to 31 December 20202022 and subsequent to year-end:
•On 6 May 2020,30 June 2022, Ms. Maria Ramos became chair of the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee, following the retirement of Ms. Nozipho January-BardillChristine Ramon retired from the board. Effective 6 May 2020, Ms. Ramos also stepped downCompany’s Board of Directors as a member of the Investment Committee and was appointed as a member of the Remuneration and Human Resources Committee. On 6 Mayan Executive Director.
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2020, Mr. Jochen Tilk became chair of the Investment Committee, following the retirement of Mr. Rodney Ruston from the board.
•On 10 June 2020, Mr. Jochen Tilk30 October 2022, Ms. Nelisiwe Magubane passed away. Ms. Magubane was appointed asa Non-Executive Director of the Company and a member of the Audit and Risk Committee.
•Effective 1 August 2020, Dr. Kojo Busia was appointed as an independent non-executive director to the board and as a member of the Investment Committee and the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee.
•OnEffective 1 September 2020, Mr. Kelvin Dushnisky stepped downJanuary 2023, Ms. Gillian Doran joined the Company’s Board of Directors as chief executive officer (CEO). Mr. Dushnisky remained available until 28 February 2021 to assist the group with a smooth handover. Ms. Christine Ramon, previously chief financial officer (CFO), has been appointed Interim CEO, effective 1 September 2020, while the board embarks on a comprehensive recruitment process to find a new permanent CEO to deliver on the Group’s strategy for enhanced value creation. Mr. Ian Kramer, previously Senior Vice President: Group Finance, was appointed Interim CFO for the duration of the transition period, effective 1 September 2020.an Executive Director.
•On 13 October 2020, the Nominations Committee was reconstituted to include Mr. Sipho Pityana (chairman of the committee), Mr. Rhidwaan Gasant, Ms. Maria Ramos, Dr. Kojo Busia, Mr. Jochen Tilk and Mr. Alan Ferguson. Ms. Maria Richter and Mr. Albert Garner stepped down as members of the Nominations Committee, effective 13 October 2020.
•On 1 December 2020,22 February 2023, the below changes to the membership of certain board committees became effective:effective, unless otherwise noted:
–•Ms. Maria Richter stepped down as chairman of the Remuneration and Human Resources Committee, but remained a member of the committee;
–Ms. Maria Ramos was appointed as chairman of the Remuneration and Human Resources Committee. Further, Ms. Ramos stepped down as chair of the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee, but remained a member of the committee;
–Dr. Kojo Busia was appointed as chairman of the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee;
–Mr. Rhidwaan Gasant stepped down as chairman offrom the Audit and Risk Committee, but remained a member of the committee; and
–Mr. Alan Ferguson was appointed as chairman of the Audit and Risk Committee.
•On 5 December 2020, independent non-executive director Ms. Maria Ramos was appointed chair of the board of directors of AngloGold Ashanti. Ms. Ramos succeeded Mr. Sipho Pityana who resigned from the board effective 7 December 2020.
•On 14 December 2020, the below changes to the membership of certain board committees became effective:
–Ms. Maria Ramos stepped down as chairman of the Remuneration and Human Resources Committee, but remained a member of the committee. Further, Ms. Ramos was appointed as chairman of the Nominations Committee;
–Ms. Maria Richter was re-appointed as chairman of the Remuneration and Human Resources Committee and was re-appointed as a member of the Nominations Committee;
–Ms. Nelisiwe Magubane stepped down as a member of the Investment Committee and was appointed as a member of the AuditSocial, Ethics and Risk Committee; andSustainability Committee.
–•Mr. Albert Garner was appointed as a member of the RemunerationAudit and Human Resources Committee.Risk Committee, subject to shareholder approval at the 2023 AGM (scheduled for 15 May 2023).
•On 18 February 2021, Ms. Ramos stepped down as a member of the Remuneration and Human Resources Committee and Mr. Rhidwaan GasantScott Lawson was appointed as a member of the RemunerationAudit and Human ResourceRisk Committee, subject to shareholder approval at the 2023 AGM (scheduled for 15 May 2023).
•Mr. Rhidwaan Gasant stepped down from the Investment Committee and was appointed as a member of the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee.
•Ms. Gillian Doran was appointed as a member of the Investment Committee.
•Ms. Maria Ramos stepped down from the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee.

In terms of the company’sCompany’s Memorandum of Incorporation (MoI), one thirdone-third of the directors are required to retire at each AGM and if they are eligible and available for re-election, will be put forward for re-election by the shareholders. The board has determined that the directors to retire at the next AGM are Mr. Alan Ferguson, Ms. Christine Ramon and Mr. Jochen Tilk. Ms. Ramon and Messrs. Ferguson, Garner and TilkGasant, who are eligible and have offered themselves for re-election.


EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

AngloGold Ashanti’s executive management team (Executive Committee or Executive Management)(the “Executive Committee”) currently comprises eight members of whom one is antwo are executive director.directors. The Executive Committee oversees the day-to-day management of the group’sGroup’s activities and is supported by country and regional management teams as well as by groupGroup corporate functions.

In addition to Christine Ramon,Mr. Alberto Calderon and Ms. Gillian Doran, the following people are members of the Executive Committee:



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Lisa Ali (55)
BSc (Hons) in Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry; Executive MBA
Chief People Officer
Lisa Ali was appointed as Chief People Officer of the Company and a member of the Executive Committee with effect from 1 April 2022. In this role, Ms. Ali is responsible for Group human resources.

Ms. Ali has over 30 years of experience, most of which has been in extractive industries. Since 2020, Ms. Ali has served as Chief People and Sustainability Officer at Newcrest Mining Limited. Prior to joining Newcrest, Ms. Ali was Head of Transformation at Trinidad Petroleum Holdings Ltd. and its subsidiary companies, and has held several senior positions at BP International PLC.

Stewart Bailey (47)(49)
Executive Vice President -Chief Sustainability and Corporate Affairs and SustainabilityOfficer
Stewart Bailey’s portfolio includes stakeholder relations and the broader ambit of sustainability policy and oversight. He leads a strong team of specialists covering investor relations and communications, alongside the core sustainability disciplines, namely safety, health, environment, community and government relations, communications and securityinvestors relations, reporting and human rights. Over 11environment. Throughout 13 years with AngloGold Ashanti, based both in the US and South Africa, he has built an in-depth knowledge of the Company, its operations and its stakeholders. Mr. Bailey, was formerly Senior Vice President of Investor Relations &and Group Communications, was appointed to his current role in 2019. In his previous role, Mr. Bailey covered debt and equity investors in the US, South Africa, the UK, Europe and Asia, was a key member of the company’s team which successfully completed debt issues of more than $3 billion between 2010 and 2019, and was a member of the team that has executed acquisitions and asset sales over that period.Asia. He also held line responsibility for AngloGold Ashanti’sAshanti's corporate communications programme, which included engagement with financial news media in South Africa, the US and the UK. He is a former financial journalist with Bloomberg LP in New York and Johannesburg.

Terry Briggs (50)
193
BSc (Hons) in Geology; MEng

Chief Development Officer
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Graham Ehm (64)
BSc Hons, MAusIMM, MAICD
the Company and a member of the Executive Vice President - GroupCommittee with effect from 1 April 2022. His portfolio at AngloGold Ashanti includes Corporate Strategy and Business Planning, Business Development and Technicalgreenfields exploration.

Graham Ehm is accountable for business planningMr. Briggs has 25 years of experience, spanning site-based technical and portfolio optimisation, capital investment optimisation, major project execution, governance pertainingmanagement roles at several underground and open pit base and precious metal operations at all stages of development from start-up to studiesclosure, as well as regional and capital management, mineral resourcescorporate leadership roles. Since 2008, Mr. Briggs worked at Newmont Corporation where, most recently, he served as Vice President Planning. Prior to serving in this role, Mr. Briggs held various leadership roles in Technical Services, Corporate Development and ore reserves reportingFinance at Newmont Corporation.

Mr. Briggs has represented on various geology and the strategic technical group. He is also accountable for non-managed joint ventures, such as Kibali. He is currently leading the Obuasi Redevelopment Projectmining industry bodies and chairing Colombia’s projects leadership team. Mr. Ehm, who has multi-commodity experience, is an experienced operationsauthored several publications on engineering, geology and project manager, having held senior leadership positions with AngloGold Ashanti as EVP Australia and EVP Tanzania.exploration.

Ludwig Eybers (54)(56)
BSc, (Mining Engineering), Post graduate qualifications with Darden Business School, USA
Chief Operating Officer - International

Ludwig Eybers has over 3033 years international mining experience. He joined AngloGold Ashanti in 2011 as Senior Vice President, Namibia and Mining Task Force, based in Perth Australia. In 2013, he relocated to AngloGold Ashanti in South Africa to take-up the position of Senior Vice President, Africa Region. He was subsequently promoted to Chief Operations Officer-InternationalOfficer- International in 2017. HeMr. Eybers is currently responsible for overall strategic and operational responsibilities for production at the company’sCompany's mining operations for the International Region.operations.

Sicelo Ntuli (42)
BSc Eng. (Electrical), MBA
Chief Operating Officer - AfricaMarcelo Godoy (51)

Sicelo NtuliPhD Strategic Mine Planning, Masters Geostatistics

Chief Technology Officer
Marcelo Godoy has over 2025 years workof experience in the mining industry and has held various senior roles in Operations, Engineering, Business Strategy and Investor Relations. In 2011, he was appointed Managing Director of Iduapriem Mine and played a key role in the turnaround of the mine’s operating performance and reduction of costs. Mr. Ntuli was promoted topreviously Senior Vice President, Africa Region in 2016Exploration at Newmont Corporation where he led the transitiondevelopment of Geita from open pit to underground operations, amongst other achievements. He was subsequently promoted to rolenumerous innovation programs, including a world-class orebody risk management system that delivered a step change in the reliability of Chief Operating Officer Africa, including South African operations in 2019.production forecasts. Mr. NtuliGodoy is also a Harvard Business School alumnus.

Tirelo Sibisi (52)
BSSc, Advanced HR Executive Development Programme, Post Graduate Diploma in Business Management and an MBA
Executive Vice President - Group Human Resources
In her role as Executive Vice President - Group Human Resources, Tirelo Sibisi is responsible for Group Human Resources, which entails attracting, retaining and developing a highly engaged, diverse and productive workforce. She has more than 20 years’ experiencerecognised leader in the field of human resources both localmine planning under uncertainty and Internationally, having beena champion of diversity and inclusion. Prior to joining Newmont, he was Mining Sector Leader for Golder Associates in South America and a Director at Golder's Global Board of Directors. During his tenure at Golder Associates, Mr. Godoy managed major mining feasibility studies and reserve compliance audits for the Group executive for human resourcesworld’s top producers of base Metals, iron ore and corporate social investment at PPC Cement.gold.

Ms. Sibisi'sHe brings to AngloGold Ashanti experience includes 10 years in the information technology sector at IBM (South Africaresource modelling, mine planning and Europe) and 7 years at Telkom, making her a well-rounded human resources generalist with strengths in talent management, succession planning, organisational transformation and diversity management, union negotiations and executive compensation. She served on the Board of the Institute of People Management in SAproject development, as well as a Non-Executive Directortrack record in leading technical teams and was a member of the Remuneration Committee and the Finance Committee. She currently sits on the board of AngloGold Ashanti in Ghana and serves on the Council of the University of Free State.introducing technology to drive sustainable competitive advantage.

Ms. Sibisi has given notice of her resignation effective 1 April 2021 and her contract of employment will terminate on 30 September 2021.

Lizelle Marwick (43)
B.Proc; LLB; LLM (Corporate Law)
Executive Vice President - General Counsel and Compliance




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Lizelle Marwick (45)
B.Proc, LLB, LLM

Chief Legal Officer
Lizelle Marwick was appointed as Executive Vice President: General Counsel and Compliance on 1 July 2020, after previously serving as Senior Vice President: Deputy General Counsel. She joined the companyCompany in 2011 establishing and heading up the legal function for the Africa operations. She is familiar with all aspects of the organisation and well versed on multi-jurisdictional legal work covering a wide range of subjects, with extensive experience in governance, corporate transactions and government negotiations. Prior to joining AngloGold Ashanti, Ms. Marwick practiced law at Bowman Gilfillan in South Africa and Herbert Smith
195
in the United Kingdom. She is admitted as an attorney in South Africa and a solicitor in England and Wales and holds a B.Proc, LLB and a Master of Laws in corporate law.Wales.

Ian Kramer (50)
B.Com (Acc); B.Com (Hons) Acc; CA(SA)
Interim Chief Financial Officer

Ian Kramer became Interim Chief Financial Officer effective 1 September 2020. Mr. Kramer joined AngloGold Ashanti on 1 November 2012 as a Vice President: Finance, mainly responsible for all JSE and NYSE external reporting responsibilities of AngloGold Ashanti. He was promoted to Senior Vice President: Group Finance on 1 March 2019 taking responsibility for all financial and management reporting aspects of the group.

Prior to joining AngloGold Ashanti, Mr. Kramer spent 20 years at KPMG, 11 thereof as an external audit partner as part of KPMG’s Energy and Natural Resources Business Unit, mainly focusing on the mining industry. As partner, he was seconded to KPMG Toronto, Canada in an advisory partner capacity. During the latter part of his career at KPMG, he was appointed as the KPMG Head of Mining for Africa. Mr. Kramer is a director and a member of the Audit and Risk Committee of Rand Refinery (Pty) Limited and an executive director of AGRe Insurance Company Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.

Executive Committee movements during 20202022 and subsequent to year-end

The following changesmovements to the Executive Committee took place during the period from 1 January 20202022 to 31 December 20202022 and subsequent to year-end:

•Ms. Lisa Ali was appointed as Chief People Officer of the Company and a member of the Executive Committee with effect from 1 April 2022. Ms. Ali replaced Ms. Italia Boninelli, who served as Interim Group Human Resources Executive Consultant and prescribed officer with effect from 1 April 2021 until 31 March 2022.
•Mr. Terry Briggs was appointed as Chief Development Officer of the Company and a member of the Executive Committee with effect from 1 April 2022. Mr. Briggs replaced Mr. Vaughan Chamberlain, who was appointed as Interim Chief Development Officer of the Company and an interim member of the Executive Committee with effect from 1 October 2021 until 31 March 2022.
•Ms. Maria Sanz Perez, EVP: General CounselChristine Ramon took early retirement from her role as Chief Financial Officer and Compliance and company secretary resigned,a member of the Executive Committee of the Company effective 30 June
2020.
•Ms. Lizelle Marwick appointed as EVP: General Counsel and Compliance, effective 1 July 2020. 2022.
•Mr. Ian Kramer formerly SVP:was appointed Interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company and an interim member of the Executive Committee with effect from 1 July 2022. He resumed his role as Senior Vice President: Group Finance appointed as Interim CFO, effectivewith effect from 1 September 2020.January 2023, stepping down from the Executive Committee.
•Ms. Tirelo Sibisi has given noticeGillian Doran was appointed as Chief Financial Officer and a member of her resignation, effectivethe Company's Executive Committee with effect from 1 April 2021, and her contract of employment willJanuary 2023.
     terminate on 30 September 2021.

COMPETENT PERSONSMINERAL RESOURCE AND MINERAL RESERVE LEADERSHIP TEAM

As part of its suite of annual reports, AngloGold Ashanti produces a Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve Statement and all the information in this report that relates to Exploration Results, Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve is based on information compiled by the Competent Persons.Tarryn Flitton (44)
MEng (Mining), BSc (Hons) (Geology), RM SME, Pr.Sci.Nat (SACNASP), FGSSA

DuringTarryn Flitton is the past decade, the company has developed and implemented a system of internal and external reviews aimed at providing assurance in respect of Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource estimates. A documented chain of responsibility exists from the Competent Persons at the operations to the Company’s Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve Steering Committee. Accordingly, the ChairmanChairperson of the AngloGold Ashanti Mineral Resource and OreMineral Reserve Steering Committee, Mr. Vaughan Chamberlain, assumes responsibility for theLeadership Team. Mrs. Flitton has 21 years’ experience in mining with ten years directly leading and managing Mineral Resource and OreMineral Reserve processes forreporting. Mrs. Flitton joined AngloGold Ashanti and is satisfied that the Competent Persons have fulfilled their responsibilities.

Vaughan Chamberlain (58)
MSc (Mining Engineering), BSc (Hons) (Geology), FAusIMM

Vaughan Chamberlain holds a BSc (Hons) degree in Geology from the University of Natal and a MSc in Mining Engineering from the University of the Witwatersrand. He started his career with Anglo American Corporation in 1987 as a geologist at Western Deep Levels East Mine (now TauTona mine). He joined AngloGold in 19982001 and currently holds the position of Senior Vice President: Strategic Technical GroupResource and Reserve and is Chairmanthe Chairperson of the AngloGold AshantiCompany’s Mineral Resource and OreMineral Reserve Steering Committee.Leadership Team.





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6B.    COMPENSATION

REMUNERATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES COMMITTEE

Remuneration and Human Resources Committee (Remco)(the “Remco”)

The Remco is composed of four non-executive directors. Its purpose is to discharge the responsibilities of the board relating to all compensation, including all salary and equity compensation of the company’sCompany’s executives. The Remco establishes and administers the company’sCompany’s executive remuneration and its broad objectives include;include: aligning executive remuneration with companyCompany performance and shareholder interests; setting remuneration standards aimed at attracting, motivating and retaining a competent executive team; linking individual executive pay with operational and companyCompany performance aligned to strategic objectives; and evaluating the compensation of executives including approval of salary, equity and incentive based awards.

With respect to its mandate on human resources, the committeeRemco has oversight to all strategic aspects of people development and human resource issues. The committeeRemco also considers and makes recommendations to shareholders on non-executive director’s fees.

The performance of the executive team, including the executive directors, is considered relative to the prevailing business climate and market conditions, as well as to annual evaluations of the achievement of key performance objectives. Bonuses paid to the executives are a reflection of performance of each of the executives and the companyCompany as a whole.

In 2020,2022, the committeeRemco was composed of the following members:

Members
Maria Richter
Maria Ramos (appointed effective 6 May 2020)
Sipho Pityana (resigned effective 7 December 2020)
Nozipho January-Bardill (retired effective 6 May 2020) (Chairperson)
Alan Ferguson
Albert Garner (appointed effective 15 December 2020)
Rhidwaan Gasant

The meetings of the committeeRemco are attended by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief FinancialPeople Officer, and Executive Vice President: Group Human Resources, except when they are conflicted or have a personal financial interest, such as when their own remuneration or benefits are being discussed.

Remuneration policy

Our remuneration policy is designed to allow AngloGold Ashanti to compete in a global market where we strive to retain and remunerate our employees using fair, robust and appropriate remuneration and to reward our employees for their contributions. Cost management and shareholder value remain fundamental drivers of our policy.

Linking pay and performance for our executives is important and by having a large portion of executive pay defined as at-risk pay, the policy ensures that executive compensation is aligned with the overall performance of the company,Company, the regions in which it operates and its business units. The executives have an overriding focus on social sustainability including safety, and a large percentage of variable pay is directly linked to keeping our employees safe.

Total reward

When determining remuneration AngloGold Ashanti considers all elements of short-term and long-term;long-term fixed and variable pay and ensures that it is consistent with the overall strategic direction of the companyCompany and each employee’s individual performance.

For a description of share-based compensation and awards (including cash awards) see “Item“Item 6E: Share Ownership”.

Our executive directors do not receive payment of directors’ fees or committee fees.

Benchmarking

Our executive employees and non-executive director’s remuneration is evaluated against a global group of comparator companies. AngloGold Ashanti’s size and complexity as well as each individual executive’s role is reviewed against our peer group and benchmarked based on guaranteed and variable pay. Performance (Company and individual) is a key factor influencing the remuneration of the executive employees.

Our salary benchmarks are targeted at the market median of a global market in our industry. Where there is a shortage of specialist and/or key technically skilled employees, we may offer a salary that may beis higher than the benchmark salary.
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Each executive’s role is individually sized to ensure the best match possible. The comparison is done for the same or similar roles irrespective of location of work (including a review of purchasing power parity between countries).work. Each component of remuneration (base salary, short-term incentives, long-term incentives



216

and employee benefits and allowances) is analysed and compared with our global peer group’s market range and the overall package is reviewed accordingly., Our new incentive scheme, the Deferred Share Plan (DSP)(the “DSP”), was implemented in January 2018. For a description of the DSP, see “Item“Item 6E: Share Ownership—AngloGold Ashanti share incentive scheme—Deferred Share Plan (DSP)”.

Retirement benefits/pension

Retirement benefits are granted to all executives. All new executives and employees receive retirement benefits under defined contribution plans. Contributions vary based on the employee’s retirement plan. See “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 8—Employee Benefits” and“Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 10—Employee Benefits” and “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 28—26—Provision for Pension and Post-Retirement Benefits”.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS'DIRECTORS’ AND EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT REMUNERATION

See "ItemFor the amounts paid and benefits granted to executive directors and executive management in 2022, see “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 33—31—Related Parties—Directors and other key management personnel—Executive Directors’ and Prescribed Officers’ remuneration"remuneration”.

For details of the share-based awards and rights to subscribe for ordinary shares in the Company granted to, and exercised by executive directors and executive management team members, see “Item 6E: Share Ownership—AngloGold Deferred Share Plan (“DSP”) and “Item 6E: Share Ownership—Participation by Executive Directors, Executive Management Team Members and Other Managers in the AngloGold Share Incentive Scheme”.

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS'DIRECTORS’ FEES AND ALLOWANCES
The fees of non-executive directors isare fixed by shareholders at the annual general meeting. In addition to their compensation, the non-executive directors receive fees for their participation on board committees and allowances for travelling internationally to attend board meetings. Non-executive directors do not receive further payments from the companyCompany and are precluded from participation in the company’sCompany’s share incentive scheme.
For amounts paid to non-executive directors in 2022, see
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION

See "Item“Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 33—31—Related Parties—Directors and other key management personnel—Non-Executive Director remuneration"Directors’ fees and allowances”.





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6C.    BOARD PRACTICES


The Board of Directors

The companyCompany is governed by a unitary board of directors, the composition of which promotes the balance of authority and precludes any one director from dominating decision-making. Our board membership at year-end comprised nine directors, eight independent non-executive directors and one executive director. Subsequent to year-end, an additional executive director joined the Company’s board.

The board is supported by its committees and has delegated certain functions to these committees without abdicating any of its own responsibilities. This process of formal delegation involves approved and documented terms of reference, which are reviewed annually.

See "Item“Item 6A: Directors and Senior Management” for information about the composition of the board and directors’ term of office and year of appointment.

Appointment and rotation of directors

Several factors, including the requirements of relevant legislation, best practice recommendations, qualifications and skills of a prospective board member and the requirements of the Director’s Fit and Proper Standards of the company,Company, as well as regional demographics, are considered in appointing board members. New directors are appointed pursuant to the recommendations of the Nominations and Governance Committee, which conducts a rigorous assessment of the credentials of each candidate. Newly appointed directors are elected at the next annual general meeting following their appointment and to stand for approval by shareholders.

At the next AGM, Dr. Kojo BusiaMs. Gillian Doran will be named for election by shareholders as a director of AngloGold Ashanti.

In terms of the company’s Memorandum of Incorporation (MoI), one thirdCompany’s MoI, one-third of the directors are required to retire at each Annual General Meeting (AGM)AGM and if they are eligible and available for re-election, will be put forward for re-election by the shareholders. The board has determined that the directors to retire at the next AGM are AlanMessrs. Ferguson, Christine RamonGarner and Jochen Tilk. Ms RamonGasant, and Messrs Ferguson and Tilk arebeing eligible, andsuch directors have offered themselves for re-election.

The company’sCompany’s MoI does not set a mandatory retirement age for non-executive directors. However, in accordance with recommendations of King IV, - any independent non-executive director serving more than nine years should be subjected to a rigorous review of his or her independence and performance by the board.






217

Service contracts

Non-Executive Directors
Non-executive directors receive fees for their services as directors which are approved by shareholders at annual general meetings.AGMs. Non-executive directors do not participate in the company’sCompany’s share incentive scheme.

Non-executive directors do not hold service contracts with the company.Company.

Executive Committee
All members of the Executive Management team have permanent employment contracts which entitle them to standard group benefits as defined by their specific region and participation in the company’s Deferred Share Plan (DSP).Company’s DSP. Interim appointments (including interim CEO(interim Chief Financial Officer and interim CFO)Chief Development Officer) include an allowance aligned to the Company’s acting allowance policy to recognise the additional responsibilities associated with these roles.

South African-based executives are paid a portion of their remuneration offshore, which is detailed under a separate contract. This reflects global roles and responsibilities and takes account of offshore business requirements.

The executive contracts are reviewed annually and include a change of control provision. The change of control is subject to the following triggers:
•The acquisition of all or part of AngloGold Ashanti; or
•A number of shareholders holding less than thirty-five percent of the company’sCompany’s issued share capital consorting to gain a majority of the board and make management decisions; and
•The contracts of Executive Committeeexecutive committee members are either terminated or their role and employment conditions are curtailed.

In the event of a change of control becoming effective, thean executive will in certain circumstances be subject to both the notice period andreceive the change of control contract terms.terms at the end of the relevant notice period in line with their contractual agreement. The notice and change of control periods applied per category of executive (excluding interim appointments) as at 31 December 20202022 were as follows:

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Executive committeeCommittee memberNotice periodChange of control
Chief Executive Officer12 months12 months
Chief Financial Officer6 months6 months
Other Executive Management team members6 months6 months

As at 19 March 2021:
KC Ramon, the Interim CEO remains on a 6 months notice period and a 6 months change of control period.
Ian Kramer, the Interim CFO remains on a 3 months notice period and a 3 months change of control period.

Key activities of the board and committees during 20202022

The activities of the board and committees during 20202022 were aimed at promoting the economic stability of the business. This entailed ensuring that its operations were conducted with due regard to the expectations and needs of stakeholders, the safety and health of employees and communities, and the development of systems to ensure proper access to and dissemination of credible information.

Board and committee meeting attendance

Directors’ attendance at board and committee meetings during 20202022 was as follows:

Board (12)
Audit and
Risk		InvestmentRemuneration and Human ResourcesSocial,
Ethics and Sustainability		Nominations
NED Search (13)
Special
Committee A (13)
Special
Committee B (13)
Number of meetings in 20201154554143
SM Pityana (1)
11n/an/a553142
KOF Busia (2)
5n/a2n/a23n/an/an/a
KPM Dushnisky (3)
7n/an/an/an/an/an/a4n/a
AM Ferguson (4)
115n/a5n/a3n/a4n/a
AH Garner (5)
11n/a4n/an/a1n/a4n/a
R Gasant1154n/an/a31n/a3
NP January-Bardill (6)
4n/an/a12n/a1n/an/a
NVB Magubane (7)
11n/a4n/a5n/an/an/an/a
KC Ramon11n/a4n/an/an/an/an/an/a
MDC Ramos (8)
11n/a1453143
MC Richter (9)
115n/a5n/a1n/an/an/a
RJ Ruston (10)
421n/an/an/an/an/an/a
JE Tilk (11)
1124n/a53n/an/a3

Board (3)
Audit and RiskInvestmentRemuneration and Human ResourcesSocial, Ethics and Sustainability
Nominations and Governance (4)
Number of meetings in 2022977957
MDC Ramos9n/an/an/a56
KOF Busia9n/a7n/a56
A Calderon9n/an/an/an/an/a
AM Ferguson97n/a9n/a7
AH Garner9n/a69n/an/a
R Gasant9779n/a7
SP Lawson9n/a7n/a5n/a
NVB Magubane (1)
64n/an/a4n/a
KC Ramon (2)
4n/a5n/an/an/a
MC Richter97n/a9n/a6
JE Tilk977n/a56
(1)    SM Pityana resigned from the board with effect from 7 December 2020.NVB Magubane passed away on 30 October 2022.
(2)    KOF Busia was appointed to the board, Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee and the Investment Committee with effect from 1 August
2020. Dr. Busia was appointed to the Nominations Committee with effect from 13 October 2020.
(3)     KPM Dushnisky resigned as CEO with effect from 1 September 2020.
(4)    AM Ferguson was appointed to the Nominations Committee with effect from 13 October 2020.
(5)    AH Garner stepped down from the Nominations Committee with effect from 13 October 2020 and was appointed to the Remuneration and
Human Resources Committee with effect from 15 December 2020.
(6)    NP January-BardillKC Ramon retired from the board on 6 May 2020.Board effective 30 June 2022.
(7)(3)        NVB Magubane stepped down fromDuring 2022, the Investment Committee and was appointed to the Audit and Risk Committee with effect from
14 December 2020.
(8)    MDC Ramos stepped down from the Investment Committee and was appointed to the Remuneration and Human Resources Committee with
effect from 6 May 2020. Ms. Ramos was appointed to the Nominations Committee with effect from 13 October 2020.
(9)    MC Richter stepped down from the Nominations Committee with effect from 13 October 2020.
(10)    RJ Rustonretired from the board on 6 May 2020.
(11)    JE Tilk was appointed to the Nominations Committee with effect from 13 October 2020.
(12)    During 2020 the boardBoard held 6six scheduled boardBoard meetings and 5three special boardBoard meetings.
(13)    (Three special purpose committees were established by the board during 2020 being the NED Search Committee and Special Board4)
Committees A and B. The Special Board Committees were constituted to provide oversight for various aspectsMembers of the company’s strategy,
including the optimal corporate attributes for the company following the disposalNominations and Governance Committee participated in an additional meeting in respect of the South African assets. Special Committee A was wound-recruitment of the CFO.
up on 28 May 2020 and Special Committee B was constituted on (5 July 2020.) All committees held four scheduled meetings during the year.




200218

Audit and Risk Committee

The Audit and Risk Committee comprises fourthree (pending shareholder approval at the 2023 AGM of the appointment of two additional non-executive directors to the Audit and Risk Committee) independent non-executive directors who collectively possess the skills and knowledge to oversee and assess the strategies and processes developed and implemented by management to manage the business within a continually evolving mining environment.

The Audit and Risk Committee’s duties as required by section 94(2)94(7) of the South AfricanSA Companies Act, King IV and JSE Listing Requirements are set out in its board-approved terms of reference which is reviewed and updated annually. These duties were discharged as follows:
•reviewed the quarterly market updates and the half year results;
•confirmed the integrity of the group’sGroup’s Integrated Report, Annual Financial Statements and the Form 20-F;
•reviewed the expertise, experience and performance of the finance function and (Interim) Chief Financial Officer;
•assessed the scope and effectiveness of the systems to identify, manage and monitor financial and non-financial risks;
•reviewed the procedures for detecting, monitoring and managing the risk of fraud;
•reviewed the scope, resources, results and effectiveness of the internal audit department;
•approved the internal audit plan and subsequent changes to the approved plan;
•ensured that a combined assurance model is applied to provide a coordinated approach to all assurance activities;
•nominated the appointment of independent external auditors by the shareholders;
•reviewed and approved the terms of engagement as contained in the engagement letter of the external auditors;
•approved the remuneration of the external auditors;
•pre-approved all non-audit services in line with a revised formal policy on non-audit services;
•assessed the external auditors’ independence;
•annually considerconsidered the suitability, after assessing the information provided by the audit firm in terms of section 22.15(h) of the JSE Listings Requirements, for appointment of the audit firm and the designated individual partner;
•assessed the effectiveness of the group’sGroup’s external audit function;
•approved the appointment of the external auditors to provide independent limited assurance on certain sustainability indicators as included in the Sustainable Development Report;
•assessed the audit tender process for the 2023 year-end audit;
•reviewed developments in reporting standards, corporate governance and best practice;
•monitored the governance of information technology (IT) and the effectiveness of the group’sGroup’s information systems; and
•reviewed the adequacy and effectiveness of the group’sGroup’s compliance function; and
•evaluated the effectiveness of the committee through a self-assessment.function.

Proceedings and Performance Review

The Audit and Risk Committee formally met fiveseven times in 2020.2022.

The current members of the Audit and Risk Committee are:
Audit and Risk Committee Members (1)
AM Ferguson (Chairman and independent NED)
R Gasant (Independent NED)
MC Richter (Independent NED)
JE Tilk (Independent NED)
Number of meetings held from January to December 20202022FiveSeven

NED - Non-Executive Director

(1) The appointments of Mr Albert Garner and Mr Scott Lawson as members of the Audit and Risk Committee on 22 February 2023 is subject to shareholder approval at the annual general meeting on 15 May 2023.

The Chief Financial Officer,Officer; Senior Vice President: Finance, Executive Vice President: General Counsel and Compliance,Finance; Chief Legal Officer; Senior Vice President: Group Internal Audit; Vice President: Group Tax; Group Risk Manager; Chief Information Officer;Senior Vice President: Digital Technology; Vice President: Group Compliance Officer,Compliance; the external auditors, as well as other assurance providers regularly attend committee meetings in an ex officio capacity and provide responses to questions raised by committee members during meetings. The full Audit and Risk Committee meets separately during closed sessions with management (including the Chief Executive Officer), internal audit and external audit at every scheduled quarterly meeting.

The effectiveness of the board and its committees, including the Audit and Risk Committee, will assessis assessed at least every two years, and every alternate year there is an opportunity for consideration, reflection and discussion by the board of its effectiveness through the completionperformance and that of an independent external evaluation process, during which results were discussed, actions taken and processes put in place to address areas identified for refinement.its committees.

Remuneration and Human Resources Committee (“Remco”)

The Remuneration and Human Resources CommitteeRemco activities are governed by the Terms of Reference (these were reviewed and approved by the board in November 2020)May 2022). The purpose of the CommitteeRemco is to assist the Board in discharging its oversight responsibilities relating to all compensation, including annual base salary, annual incentive compensation, employment,
201
severance pay and ongoing perquisites or special benefit items and equity compensation of the Company’s executives, including the Chief Executive Officer, as well as retention strategies, design and application of material compensation programmes and share ownership guidelines.

With respect to its mandate on human resources, the CommitteeRemco has strategic oversight of matters relating to the development of the Company’s human resources with the main objective of creating a competitive human resource for the Group.



219

The CommitteeRemco operates in an independent role, operating as an overseer with accountability to the Board. This is accomplished by:

•Determining specific remuneration packages for the Executive Committee (the “ExCom”) members, and reviewing these annually. The broad framework and cost of executive remuneration shall be a matter for the Board on the recommendation and advice of the Remco;
•Reviewing and approving corporate goals and objectives relevant to the compensation of the Chief Executive Officer;ExCom members;
•Evaluating the performance of the Executive Management teamExCom (excluding executive directors) in light of these goals and objectives annually and setting compensation based on such evaluation;evaluations;
•Ensuring that the mix of fixed and variable pay, in base pay, shares and other elements of compensation for each ExCom member meets the company’sCompany’s requirements and strategic objectives;
•Linking individual pay with operationalDetermining any long-term incentive component of each ExCom member’s compensation based on awards given to such member in past years and companythe Company’s performance against set targets;
•Considering other matters relating to the remuneration of or terms of employment applicable to ExCom members that may be referred to the Remco by the Board;
•On an annual basis, or at intervals that the Remco may deem necessary, considering the results of independent research into executive remuneration trends, to assist the Remco in relation to strategic objectives;its decision-making regarding executive remuneration;
•Ensuring that all benefits, including retirement benefits and other financial arrangements are justified and correctly valued and reviewed annually;
•Considering the sentimentspayment of performance linked non-pensionable bonuses to ExCom members, and viewssetting the criteria for, and relative value of such payments;
•Satisfying itself as to the accuracy of recorded performance measures that govern the vesting of share awards and incentives;
•On an annual basis, approving the granting of share options or performance shares to qualifying employees of the company’s investors;Company;
•Regularly reviewing incentive schemes to ensure continued contribution to shareholder value and ensureensuring that these are administered in terms of the rules;rules of the relevant incentive scheme;
•OverseeAs and when required, considering proposed amendments to the establishmentrules of a remuneration policy that will promote the achievement of strategic objectivesincentive schemes and encourage individual performance.making recommendations for their approval by shareholders;
•Regularly reviewing human resources strategy aimed atReviewing the executive director’s termination payments and ensuring the supply and retention of sufficient skilled resources to achieve the company’s objectives;
•Ensure that they are included in the remuneration policy and implementation report is puttogether with any obligations arising from such contracts which would give rise to a non-binding advisory vote at the general meeting of shareholders once every year;termination payments; and
•ReviewAppointing an independent remuneration advisor to provide consultation to the outcomeexecutive directors, who make recommendations to the Board and shareholders on the remuneration of non-executive directors, taking into consideration market trends on non-executive directors’ remuneration, the views and sentiments of shareholders and the financial position of the implementation of the remuneration policy to ensure that the set objectives are being achieved and fairness is addressed.Company.

The current members of the CommitteeRemco are:

Remuneration and Human Resource Committee MembersMC Richter (Chairperson and independent NED)
R Gasant (Independent NED)
AM Ferguson (Independent NED)
A Garner (Independent NED)
Number of meetings held from January to December 20202022FourNine
Other individuals who regularly attended meetings (attended by invitation or if needed to contribute pertinent insights and information)A Calderon (CEO)
KC Ramon (Interim CEO)(former CFO) (1)
TR Sibisi (EVP: Group Human Resources)I Kramer (Interim CFO)
P WolstenholmeL Ali (Chief People Officer)
A Sidat representing PwCDeloitte (Independent Advisoradvisor to the Committee)Remco)
SD Van RensburgEM Mabuza (VP: Group RemunerationPerformance and Reward )
CM van Dyk (Remuneration and Benefits and Secretary to the Committee)Consultant)

NED – Non-Executive Director(1) Ms. Christine Ramon ceased to serve as CFO and executive director of the Company at the end of June 2022.

Remuneration Consultants

When appropriate, the Remuneration and Human Resources CommitteeRemco obtains advice from independent remuneration consultants. These consultants are employed directly by the Remuneration and Human Resources CommitteeRemco and engage directly with them to ensure independence.

The Committee hasWith the appointment of PwC as the independent auditors the Remco was required to tender for new advisors. In May 2022, Deloitte was appointed to replace PwC to provide specialist, independent remuneration advice on all forms of executive and non-executive pay.

Mercer performs an independent bespoke executive survey and its advice is primarily around salary benchmarking for both executive and non-executive pay.




202220
6D.    EMPLOYEES

The average number of attributable employees (including contractors) in the AngloGold Ashanti groupGroup over the last three financial years was:
202020192018
Africa16,829 15,786 14,833 
Australia1,230 1,140 1,051 
Americas8,789 8,114 7,973 
Other, including corporate and non-gold producing subsidiaries1,807 1,353 1,589 
South Africa - discontinued operations (1)
8,297 7,870 18,803 
Total*36,952 34,263 44,249 
202220212020
Africa19,807 17,260 16,829 
Australia1,532 1,332 1,230 
Americas9,498 9,972 8,789 
Other, including corporate and non-gold producing subsidiaries1,757 1,997 1,807 
South Africa - discontinued operations (1)
— — 8,297 
Total*32,594 30,561 36,952 
*    The number of contractors employed on average during 20202022 was 16,222.18,599.
(1)    In 2020, represents the monthly average number of employees for the nine months as a discontinued operationoperations before completion of sale on 30 September 2020.


Labour relations and collective bargaining

The AngloGold Ashanti approach to employee relations is predicated on a relationship-based model. We workstrive to establish constructive relations with our employees and their union representatives.representatives based on our Company values and our determination to embed interest-based collective bargaining. Working closely with our site,sites we are also at the forefront of ensuring that we comply with local legislation as well as with ourand regulatory obligations. Our

A global Employee Relations Standard governs employee and labour relations. The standard enables an approach to employee relations that is based on effective mechanisms for communication and participation, through direct and thoughtful engagement with employees, and where applicable, their representatives, such as trade unions.

Employees at most of our operations are unionised except those in Australia, Colombia and the United States. Although these employees are highlynot unionised, the Company ensures sound employee relations through compliance with labour legislation in these countries, fair company policies and the needprocedures and promoting healthy relationships through effective line management practices. The right to freedom of association and collective bargaining is not at risk at any of our operations.

Where our employees are unionised, we seek to build and maintain positive relations iswith representative unions as part of our overall stakeholder management philosophy. The table below shows the percentage of unionised employees covered by collective bargaining agreements by country:

Employees covered by collective bargaining agreements
Argentina90 percent
Brazil100 percent
Ghana86 percent
Guinea94 percent
Tanzania86 percent

No wage agreements in Africa were due or made during the reporting period. Biannual collective bargaining and negotiations are expected to commence towards the second quarter of 2023.

In Africa, -there were no labour relations remained stable acrossincidents which resulted in stopping of operations in 2022, with the region.

In Guinea,exception of one incident at Siguiri, 93.6%the end of the second quarter of 2022 when community unrest affected operations at the Siguiri mine. The unrest was related to unemployment and demands for the mine employees are unionised. Collective bargaining negotiations for wage and conditions and services are said to start between July and September 2021 and in order to bolster relations and to manage potential conflict, regular capacity building for union/management on collective negotiation techniques and mediation are conducted.

In Ghana, at Obuasi, the reintroductionemploy members of the Ghana Mineworkers Unioncommunity. The incident was successful and there is an understanding that the level of representation will be limited and not extend to stratum 1 employees (excluding certain sensitive positions). There was a Board agreement with the union relating to the process of unionisation, and a process to conclude a three-year collective bargaining agreement was embarked upon. At Iduapriem, four unions represent junior staff and senior staff respectively, comprising 94.5% of the employees. These employees are also subject to collective bargaining. Collective bargaining and wage negotiations took place during 2020 and a three-year agreement was successfully negotiated, wage discussions for 2021 are said to be held during the first half of 2021.

In Tanzania 55.78% of the employees are unionised in the bargaining unit. In 2020 business wage negotiations with the unions and a new collective bargaining was successfully concluded without strike action and/ or operational disruption and a process was started to renegotiate the compressed working week agreement following the termination notice of the existing agreementresolved by the trade union (TAMICO).Siguiri mine.

In Brazil, all three collective agreements (Nova Lima/Sabará, Santa Bárbara and Crixás) were signed with the unions and implemented effective 1 August 2020. A new routine2022. The country has experienced a higher inflation rate of 10.12 percent (Aug/21 – Jul/22) mostly generated by the political uncertainty and expectations around the Presidential campaign and the October electoral process. Despite this context, there was no operational impact or attempt to continuously strengthen the relationship with the employees and their representatives was key to that achievement.strike, unlike in 2021.

In Argentina, CVSA in Argentina, completed the 2020 salariesannual salary negotiation, in January 2021aligned with country inflation, with a final increase of 45.2%100.2 percent for 2020 effective until12 months (May 22 to April 2021. Prior to this in July 2020 an adjustment23). The percentage of 20% (included infulfilment of the final percentage)2022 objectives was also agreed and it was with retroactive effect from April 2020.the unions.




203221
Full time employees receive a number of Contentsbenefits not afforded to contractor employees. These include retirement, accommodation for selective employees, production and safety related bonus schemes, and reasonable and fair conditions of services in addition to resultant benefits emanating from collective bargaining.

The minimum notice period regarding operational changes varies from country to country. The Company does, however, comply with all relevant legislation.

6E.    SHARE OWNERSHIP

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED OFFICERS’ INTERESTS IN ORDINARY SHARES

The interests of directors and prescribed officers in the ordinary shares of the companyCompany at 31 December 2020,2022, which individually did not exceed one percent of the company’sCompany’s issued ordinary share capital are included in the annual financial statements,statements; see "Item“Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 33-Related Parties-Directors’31—Related Parties—Directors’ and Prescribed Officers’ interests in AngloGold Ashanti shares"shares”.

A register detailing Directors and Prescribed Officers’ interests in contracts is available for inspection at the company’sCompany’s registered and corporate office. See "Item “Item 10H: Documents on Display"Display”.

CHANGE IN DIRECTOR’SDIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED OFFICER’SOFFICERS’ INTERESTS IN ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI SHARES SINCE 31 DECEMBER 20202022

Refer "Itemto “Item 18: Note 33 - 31—Related Parties - Parties—Directors’ and Prescribed Officers’ interests in AngloGold Ashanti shares"

shares”.

SHARE OWNERSHIP OF EXECUTIVE OFFICERS/EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT

To the best of its knowledge, AngloGold Ashanti believes that its ordinary shares held by executive officers, in aggregate, do not exceed one percent of the company'sCompany’s issued ordinary share capital.


MINIMUM SHAREHOLDING REQUIREMENT FOR EXECUTIVESEXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT

With effect from March 2013, a minimum shareholding requirement (MSR) was introduced for the executive management team (including executive directors). All executive management team members (including executive directors) are required to have a minimum shareholding in the Company as per the table below.

The MSR was increased for executive directors and the executive management team as follows,extended to include a 12-month post-termination holding, effective 1 January 2020:

2022:

RoleWithin three years of appointment/from introduction of MSR (1 January 2020)Within six years of appointment/from introduction of MSR (1 January 2020)Within three years of appointment/from introduction of MSR (prior)Within six years of appointment/from introduction of MSR (prior)Holding requirement12-month Post-Termination Holding
(1 January 2022)
CEO150% of net annual base salary
300% of net annual base salary100% of net annual base salaryThroughout employment as a director or prescribed officer200%The post-termination MSR will be the requirement based on the MSR policy at the time of net base salaryIndefinitetermination. Should the executive depart (or no longer serve as director or prescribed officer) before they have achieved the MSR, all vested shares allocated effective 1 January 2022 onwards from the Company’s share incentive will be held for a one-year post-termination period. The holding will be up to their required MSR.
CFO125% of net annual base salary250% of net annual base salary75% of net base salary150% of net base salaryIndefinite
Executive Management Team100% of net annual base salary200% of net base salary75% of net base salary150% of net base salaryIndefinite
The following count towards an individual MSR:
•Shares purchased on the market, either directly or indirectly
•Vested shares from AngloGold Ashanti'sAshanti’s share incentive schemes
Accumulation of the post-termination holding commences on 1 January 2022, Executives have five years from introduction or appointment to accumulate holding.


204


222

The table below summarises each executive director and executive committee member'smember’s accomplishment of the MSR:

ExecutiveExecutiveSix-year target achievement date
MSR holding as at 31 December 2020 as a percentage
of net base pay
Three-year MSR target achievement percentageSix-year MSR target achievement percentageExecutiveSix-year target achievement date
MSR holding as at 31 December 2022 as a percentage
of net base pay
Three-year MSR target achievement percentageSix-year MSR target achievement percentage
Executive directorsExecutive directorsExecutive directors
KPM Dushnisky (1)
–141150300
KC RamonMarch 2021553125250
A CalderonA CalderonSeptember 202738%150%300%
Prescribed officersPrescribed officersPrescribed officers
L Ali (1)
L Ali (1)
April 202856%100%200%
SD BaileySD BaileyJanuary 2025115100200SD BaileyJanuary 2025298%100%200%
PD Chenard (2)
–119100200
GJ EhmMarch 2019279100200
TJ Briggs (1)
TJ Briggs (1)
April 20280%100%200%
L EybersL EybersMarch 2023291100200L EybersMarch 2023491%100%200%
MC GodoyMC GodoyOctober 2027206%100%200%
I Kramer (3)(2)
I Kramer (3)(2)
September 202627100200
I Kramer (3)(2)
July 20284%100%200%
L Marwick (4)
L Marwick (4)
July 202678100200
L Marwick (4)
July 2026144%100%200%
S NtuliMarch 202595100200
TR SibisiMarch 2022282100200

(1) Resigned as director with his last day being 28 February 2021. MSR holding not required.
(2) Retired prescribed officer with effect from 31 January 2021. MSR holding not required.
(3) Appointed prescribed officer with effect from 1 September 2020; the three-year MSR achievement is due in September 2023.
(4) Appointed prescribed officer with effect from 1 July 2020; the three-year MSR achievement is due in July 2023.
(1) Appointed prescribed officer with effect from 1 April 2022 and the 3-year MSR achievement is due in April 2025
(2) Appointed prescribed officer with effect from 1 July 2022 to 31 December 2022. The MSR holding is not required subsequent to the appointment period.

MINIMUM SHAREHOLDING REQUIREMENT FOR NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS (“NEDs”)

During February 2022, the board approved an MSR for NEDs. In terms of the policy, NEDs are required to acquire and hold an MSR in AngloGold Ashanti shares, equivalent to 150 percent of their annual base fee within four years of the effective date of the policy for existing NEDs and from the effective date of appointment for new NEDs.

Four-year target achievement date
MSR holding as at
31 December 2022 as a percentage of annual base fee
Two-year MSR target achievement percentageFour-year MSR target achievement percentage
Non-Executive Directors
MDC Ramos (Chairperson)February 20260%75%150%
R Gasant (Lead independent director)February 20260%75%150%
KOF BusiaFebruary 202636%75%150%
AM FergusonFebruary 202690%75%150%
AH GarnerFebruary 2026404%75%150%
SP LawsonFebruary 202651%75%150%
MC RichterFebruary 2026203%75%150%
JE TilkFebruary 202650%75%150%

ANGLOGOLD DEFERRED SHARE PLAN (DSP)

On 16 May 2017, the shareholders approved the introduction of the Deferred Share Plan (DSP), to commenceDSP. The DSP became effective 1 January 2018. The DSP replaced all previous AGA incentive schemes, i.e. Bonus Share Plan (BSP), Long Term Incentive Scheme (LTIP)2018 and the Co-Investment Plan (CIP) schemes. The last allocations granted in the BSP, LTIP and CIP schemes have vested during 2020; there are no further allocations and vesting as the schemes have been closed. The DSP,was designed with feedback from shareholders in mind, aims to better align the interests of companyCompany management with those of shareholders by among others rewarding decision-making that promotes the long termlong-term health of the business by increasing the maximum vesting period of shares from two to five years, and introducing a claw-back provision;provision, reducing the impact of uncontrollable factors, like gold price and currency fluctuations, in determining remuneration;remuneration, providing better incentive for prudent, value-adding capital allocation;allocation, capping the number of shares that can be issued under the DSP in any given year to 1%one percent of total shares in issue;issue, and providing greater incentives for excellence in the broad area of sustainability, which covers the safety, environmental, health, governance, community relations and human capital disciplines.

The scope of participation forin the DSP includeincludes Executive Directors, members of the Executive Committee and senior management employees of the companyCompany and its subsidiaries. These participants are allocated units with the opportunity to acquire shares in the company. The intention of the incentive scheme is to ensure that the mediummedium- to long termlong-term interests of the executives and senior management employees are aligned with the shareholders’ interests, providing rewards to the executives and senior management employees and wealth creation opportunities to the shareholders when the strategic performance drivers are achieved. All share awards which remain unexercised by the tenth-year anniversary from the date of grant, automatically lapse for no value.

Non-Executive Directors are not eligible to participate in the DSP.



223

DSP awards are payable in cash and where applicable (depending on stratum level), the balance will be delivered in one of two compensation components, either deferred cash or deferred shares, vesting equally over a period of two to five years. For each member of the Executive Management Team, the deferred portion is paid entirely in deferred shares vesting over a five-year period. Deferred shares have a right to receive dividend equivalents during the deferral period.

The total incentive is determined based on a combination of Company and individual performance measures, which are defined annually with weightings applied to each measure. Each metric is weighted and has a threshold, target and stretch definitionachievement level related to the companyCompany budget and the desired stretch targets for the year. Below thresholdBelow-threshold achievement results in no payment. At the end of each financial year, the CompanyCompany’s and the CEO CFO and EVP/COO’sCFO's performance is assessed by the Remco and the Boardboard and the performance of the other members of the executive management team is assessed by the Remco against the defined metrics to determine the quantum of the cash portion and the quantum of the deferred portion as a percentage of base salary as follows based on on-target achievement:

205
CashSharesTotal IncentiveCashSharesTotal Incentive
LevelLevelOn Target AchievementLevelOn-Target Achievement
CEOCEO100.00%200.00%300.00%
%
%		CEO100.00%200.00%300.00%
%
%
CFOCFO85.00%
%		185.00%
%		270.00%
%
%		CFO85.00%
%		185.00%
%		270.00%
%
%
EVP/COO75.00%
%		174.00%
%		249.00%
%
%
Executive Management TeamExecutive Management Team75.00%
%		174.00%
%		249.00%
%
%

CEO means Chief Executive Officer.
CFO means Chief Financial Officer.
EVP/COO means Executive Vice President/Chief Operating Officer
The graphs below illustrate the threshold, on-target and stretch for the DSP scheme and performance measure weightings (Company and individual) as a percentage of base salary:
.
au-20221231_g9.jpg

One set of performance metrics is used to determine the cash portion and deferred portion. Future vesting of the deferred portion is subject to continued employment. Effective 1 January 2020, all Executive Committeeemployment with the exception of the ExCom members including the CEO and CFOwho have streamlined strategic objectives (KPIs), between 3 to 4 at a maximum, as compared to the previous 10 KPI’s as held by the CEO.post-termination vesting for good-leavers. Individual KPI’s nowKPIs account for 20%20 percent of the performance scorecard in the DSP incentive scheme and 80% towards the company scorecard. This was previously 30%/70%Company performance accounts for the CEOremaining 80 percent. Company metrics are relative total shareholder return, absolute total shareholder return, normalized cash return on equity, production, all-in sustaining costs, total cash costs, mineral reserve additions pre-depletion, mineral resource additions pre-depletion, safety, health, environment and 40%/60% for CFOcommunity metrics and Exco members.people metrics.

Company and individual performance measures are assessed over each financial year, with the exception of certain companyCompany measures that are measured over a trailing three-year basis. The first allocation under the DSP was made in February 2019 in respect of the 2018 performance year. For further information about the DSP, see “Exhibit 19.4.1.3.19.4.1.3”.

The DSP was amended and restated by the board of directors on 20 February 2023 to reflect our current practice by adding flexibility to grant sign-on awards to new employees of AngloGold Ashanti and to compensate them for incentive awards that they have forfeited from their previous employer.









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The Committee approved the 2022 DSP metrics Company performance achievement of 94.86 percent. This was an important year for the Company and the following results, among others, demonstrate re-alignment of the strategic priorities and focused delivery.

Key highlights include:
•Incorporating a diverse new executive team and making significant changes at the senior vice president and critical skills level in the areas of Supply, Projects, Digital Technology and Operations
•Achieving an unprecedented safety performance which positions the Company well below the industry average in key metrics and demonstrates significant progress in resetting the safety culture
•Surpassing the production budget for the first time since 2017 and delivering Obuasi targets
•Reducing real cash costs which were less than one percent above the top end of guidance, rising by six percent year on year, which was roughly half the inflation rate experienced for the Company’s basket of goods and services
•Consolidating Nevada as a multi-decade, cost-competitive new growth project

The table below summarises AngloGold Ashanti’s remuneration metrics, their weightings, and performance against these metrics applicable to the DSP during 2022:

DSP performance measureWeightingThreshold measuresTarget measuresStretch measures2022 achievement %
Financial measuresRelative total shareholder return (measured in US$)12.50%Median TSR of comparatorsHalfway between median and upper quartileUpper quartile TSR of comparators0.00%
Absolute total shareholder return (measured in US$)7.50%USD COE (6%)USD COE + 2% (8%)USD COE + 6% (12%)11.25%
Normalised cash return on equity (nCROE)15.00%USD COE (6%)USD COE + 9% (15%)USD COE + 18% (24%)22.50%
Production15.00%2,550 oz (000)2,734 oz (000)2,837 oz (000)15.60%
Total cash cost10.00%$1,015 / oz$963 / oz$915 / oz0.00%
All-in sustaining costs5.00%$1,425 / oz$1,355 / oz$1,285 / oz4.00%
Future optionalityMineral Reserve additions (pre-depletion, asset sales, mergers and acquisitions)5.50%Plus 1.6 MozPlus 3.2 MozPlus 4.8 Moz5.98%
Mineral Resources (pre-depletion, asset sales, mergers and acquisitions)5.50%Plus 4.2 MozPlus 8.3 MozPlus 12.5 Moz4.10%
SafetyAll injury frequency rate (AIFR) – one year8.00%≥2.5%
performance improvement (2.07)		≥5%
performance improvement (2.01)		≥7.5%
performance improvement (1.96)		11.24%
Major hazard control compliance95% critical control compliance99% critical control compliance99.5% critical control compliance
Health, Environmental and Community
Health (2.5%): Reduction in workforce exposed to high respirable crystalline silica dust
12.00%4% reduction7% reduction13% reduction17.33%
Environment (7.5%): Greenhouse gas emissions management
110% of budgeted carbon emission intensity (37.91)100% of budgeted carbon emission intensity (34.46)95% of budgeted carbon emission intensity (32.74)
Community (2%): Business disruptions as a result of community unrest
210
PeopleGender diversity4.00%21% female representation23% female representation25% female representation2.86%
Key staff retention85% pa90% pa95% pa
Total100%94.86%

Relative TSR measures the Company’s share price performance compared to the peer group on a relative basis. It is measured on a three-year trailing average. A total of seven peers (Agnico Eagle Ltd, Barrick Gold Corp, Gold ETF, Gold Fields Ltd, Kinross Gold Corp, Newcrest Mining Ltd and Newmont Mining Corp) are measured and numerically ranked; the positioning of AngloGold Ashanti in the ranking determines the bonus achievement.

Based on the criteria below for 2022, AngloGold Ashanti was ranked seventh and was therefore positioned below the median at a growth percentage of 13.00 percent; therefore, the achievement was calculated at below threshold (0 percent).





225

Criteria table for relative TSR
Threshold achievement (50%)33.93%Median
Target achievement (100%)49.05%Halfway between median and upper quartile
Stretch achievements (150%)64.17%Upper quartile

Absolute TSR measures the Company’s share price performance on a three-year trailing average and compares it to a percentage increase relating to US cost of equity (US COE). The stretch target is achieved if US COE plus 6 percent is exceeded based on this calculation. Currently the US COE is 6 percent, resulting in the stretch target being 12 percent.

Criteria table for absolute TSR
Threshold achievement (50%)US cost of equity (COE)6.00%
Target achievement (100%)COE + 2%8.00%
Stretch achievements (150%)COE + 6%12.00%

The Company’s growth percentage of 13.00 percent places them above the US COE plus 6 percent (12 percent); therefore, the achievement is on stretch (11.25 percent). Refer to the TSR ranking table above.

Additional details regarding the award outcomes for the CEO and CFO under the DSP for 2022 are provided below.



226

CEO: Key Objectives and Achievements for 2022:
ScorecardWeightingComments
Health, safety, environment and community
•Safety – 12.5%
•Health, environment and community – 12.5%
•Results aligned to Company DSP outcome

25%
AngloGold Ashanti’s safety performance improved year-on-year
•Total recordable injury frequency rate improved 41% to a record 1.26 in 2022 – less than half the 2021 ICMM member average of 2.90
•Lost-time injury frequency rate fell 40% to 0.65 year-on-year
•Visible leadership on Major Hazard Critical Controls programme
•Set new Scope 1 and 2 greenhouse gas reduction targets for 2030, including detailed programme of projects and capital estimates
Financial and production
•Achievement of budget production oz’s and cash cost / oz
•Significantly advance Project Full Potential: Identify the full potential of 5-6 operations and the measures to close the gap during following 24 months
•Build major projects for the company’s long- term future inclusive of significant progress made on:
▪Obuasi – 5%
▪Colombia project – 5%
▪Nevada project – 5%
•Support the move of major capital projects through development phases
55%
Exceeded budgeted production for first time since 2017. Achieved real cash cost reduction of 6% in volatile, inflationary environment, closing the gap vs. peer group, where costs increased above inflation:
•Improvement projects helped offset significant exogenous factors, including flooding in Brazil and Covid impact on labour in Australia
•Siguiri management intervention helped exceed planned production amid challenging operating conditions
•Obuasi production met market expectations

Initiated Full Asset Potential Programme:
•Six sites underwent FP programme; potential cost reductions identified
•Workbooks in place to realise efficiencies over c.24 months

Growth Projects:
•Quebradona Optimised Feasibility Study progressed; Environmental Impact assessment is in progress
•North Bullfrog feasibility study expected now in first half of 2023; Feasibility study for Silicon rescheduled to include Merlin and other orebodies
Individual KPIs
•Embed Operating Model changes
•Effective stakeholder management through:
20%
•Implemented new Operating Model; achieved planned personnel efficiencies in corporate functions and business units, with commensurate cost benefits
▪Good corporate governance and risk management
Corporate governance - simplified Delegation of Authority framework and implemented review of Group policies and standards
▪Effective relationships with shareholders and investors
•Worked to develop relationship with shareholders and analysts through industry conferences, roadshows and roundtable meetings. Improved market understanding of overall strategy and Full Asset Potential process, aided by engagement during results reporting and set-piece engagements
▪Good relations with governments in operating countries
•Government relations strengthened - increased personal interactions with key officials, including high-level meetings with governments of Ghana and Tanzania to strengthen relationships and discuss issues of mutual interest
▪Effective regular communication with board, executive committee, operations, projects and employees
•Employee townhalls, site visits and visible leadership on mental wellbeing and sexual harassment prevention campaigns. Culture survey results and subsequent workshops and feedback sessions have effectively boosted employee morale and engagement
•Implemented an integrated new ExCom and significant changes at senior management level to ensure robust capability to deliver the business plan
•Global implementation of the anti-discrimination and sexual harassment standards
Total100%

CEO: Performance incentive outcome 2022
2022 DSP performance outcomeWeightingDSP award outcome
Financial performance targets
Relative total shareholder return12.50%0.00%
Absolute total shareholder return7.50%11.25%
Normalised cash return on equity (nCROE)15.00%22.50%
Production15.00%15.60%
Total Cash Costs10.00%0.00%
All-in sustaining costs5.00%4.00%
Mineral Reserve pre-depletion5.50%5.98%
Mineral Resource additions pre-depletion5.50%4.10%
Safety8.00%11.24%
Health, Environment and Community12.00%17.33%
Core value: People4.00%2.86%
Total % for Company performance:100.0%94.86%
.



227

Organisational performance weighting:80.00%
=
A - Organisational performance weighted outcome:75.89%
Individual performance results
Actual individual targets and strategic objectives are not disclosed in order to maintain commercial confidentiality in competitive markets
Individual performance weighting:20.00%
X
Performance rating award correlation:150.00%
=
B - DSP opportunity based on individual performance:30.00%
Total % of DSP pay opportunity (A+B)105.89%
x
On-target total cash bonus opportunity (as % of base pay)100.00%
On-target total deferred share award opportunity (as % of base pay)200.00%
=
Final cash bonus result (as % of base pay)105.89%
Final deferred share result (as % of base pay)211.78%
Base pay as at 31 December 2022 (all offshore payments converted to ZAR at exchange rate of ZAR16.3655: USD1)x
26,184,800
=
Annual cash portion of DSP:27,726,561
Annual deferred share portion of DSP (to vest over five years):55,453,122
Total 2022 deferred share plan award:83,179,683

CFO: Key Objectives and Achievements for 2022:
ScorecardWeightingComments
Leadership and stakeholder engagement5%
•Maintained effective relationships with equity and debt investors, banks, ratings agencies, auditors and joint venture partners
•Continued to provide input at relevant stakeholders’ forums on financial, tax and regulatory matters
Liquidity, credit ratings and balance sheet management15%
•Refinanced $1.4bn multi-currency RCF by mid-June 2022 at favourable terms, for a five-year tenure with two one-year extensions
•Proactively engaged the ratings agencies on the Company’s strategy, operational performance, and cost initiatives. AngloGold Ashanti’s credit ratings were maintained by all three credit ratings agencies
Cost discipline and cash preservation measures50%
•Production and cost guidance remained on track for the year in the first half of 2022
•Maintained focus on optimising corporate costs, as well as non-essential expenditure
•Proactively managed supply chain risks across the business amidst challenging market conditions resulting from COVID-19-related impacts and the Russia/Ukraine war

•Adequate levels of consumables and spares (3-6 months) have been maintained across the operations to maintain business continuity. Targeted supply chain savings remained on track despite inflationary pressures due to stocking and pricing strategies and ensured that the full asset potential programme was adequately supported
Governance and risk management15%
•Ensured that a strong culture of compliance and consistency of accounting practices prevailed through regular interaction with business units
•Ensured a strong focus on the Tanzanian tax matters and that there is appropriate disclosure of all tax exposures
•Assessed oil hedging at various intervals earlier in the year
Implementation of the Operating Model15%
•The approved Operating Model structures for the Finance and Supply functions were embedded well before the end of June 2022; appropriate transition plans developed identified risks
•Ensured that the business process optimisation initiatives had been progressed and that projects have been put in place to address the recommendations
Total100%




228

CEO: Performance incentive outcome 2022
2022 DSP performance outcomeWeightingDSP award outcome
Financial performance targets
Relative total shareholder return12.50%0.00%
Absolute total shareholder return7.50%11.25%
Normalised cash return on equity (nCROE)15.00%22.50%
Production15.00%15.60%
Total Cash Costs10.00%0.00%
All-in sustaining costs5.00%4.00%
Mineral Reserve pre-depletion5.50%5.98%
Mineral Resource additions pre-depletion5.50%4.10%
Safety8.00%11.24%
Health, Environment and Community12.00%17.33%
Core value: People4.00%2.86%
Total % for Company performance:100.0%94.86%
Organisational performance weighting:80.00%
=
A - Organisational performance weighted outcome:75.89%
Individual performance results
Actual individual targets and strategic objectives are not disclosed in order to maintain commercial confidentiality in competitive markets
Individual performance weighting:20.00%
X
Performance rating award correlation:112.50%
=
B - DSP opportunity based on individual performance:22.50%
Total % of DSP pay opportunity (A+B)98.39%
x
On-target total cash bonus opportunity (as % of base pay)85.00%
On-target total deferred share award opportunity (as % of base pay)185.00%
=
Final cash bonus result (as % of base pay)83.63%
Final deferred share result (as % of base pay)
0.00%(1)
Base pay for six months as at 30 June 2022 (all offshore payments converted to ZAR at exchange rate of ZAR16.3655: USD1)x
5,441,578
=
Annual cash portion of DSP:4,550,781
Annual deferred share portion of DSP (to vest over five years):—
Total 2022 deferred share plan award:4,550,781

(1)    Deferred share award was not payable because of the CFO’s termination of service.

PARTICIPATION BY EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT TEAM MEMBERS AND OTHER MANAGERS IN THE ANGLOGOLD SHARE INCENTIVE SCHEME

For details of the share-based awards and rights to subscribe for ordinary shares in each companythe Company granted to, and exercised by, executive directors, executive management team members and other managers on an aggregate basis during the year to 31 December 20202022 and subsequent to year end up to 1910 March 2021,2023, see "Item“Item 18: Financial Statements-Note 33-Related Parties-DirectorsStatements—Note 31—Related Parties—Directors and other key management personnel"personnel”.


PARTICIPATION BY EMPLOYEES IN THE ANGLOGOLD SHARE INCENTIVE SCHEME

For details of the share-based awards and rights to subscribe for ordinary shares in the companyCompany granted to, and exercised by, employees on an aggregate basis during the year to 31 December 2020,2022, see "Item “Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 11—Share—based payments"9—Share- Based Payments”.



206229
ITEM 7: MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Overview

Description of AngloGold Ashanti’s share capital

AngloGold Ashanti’s share capital consists of four classesone class of stock:

•Ordinary shares, par value 25 South African cents each (the “ordinary shares”);
•A redeemable preference shares, par value 50 South African cents each (the “A preference shares”);
•B redeemable preference shares, par value 1 South African cent each (the “B preference shares”); and
•C redeemable preference shares of no par value (the “C preference shares”).

The authorised and issued share capital of AngloGold at 31 December 20202022 is set out below:
Title of classAuthorisedIssued
Ordinary shares600,000,000 416,890,087 
A preference shares2,000,000 2,000,000 
B preference shares5,000,000 778,896 
C preference shares30,000,000 0
Title of class (1)
AuthorisedIssued
Ordinary shares600,000,000 418,600,473 
(1) During December 2021, the A and B redeemable preference shares were redeemed and the preference share certificates cancelled. All redeemable preference shares were removed from the authorised share capital at the AGM held on 16 May 2022.

All the issued ordinary shares, A redeemable preference shares and B redeemable preference shares are fully paid and are not subject to further calls or assessment by AngloGold Ashanti. For a discussion of rights attaching to the ordinary shares, the A redeemable preference shares, the B redeemable preference shares and the C redeemable preference shares, see “Item 10B: Memorandum of Incorporation”.

The following are the movements in the ordinary issued share capital at 31 December:

Ordinary shares
Number of
Shares		RandNumber of
Shares		RandNumber of
Shares		Rand
202020192018
At 1 January415,301,215 103,825,307 412,769,980 103,192,498 410,054,615 102,513,654 
Issued during the year:
Exercise of options by participants in the AngloGold Share Incentive Scheme1,588,872 397,218 2,531,235 632,809 2,715,365 678,844 
31 December 2020416,890,087 104,222,525 415,301,215 103,825,307 412,769,980 103,192,498 
Number of
Shares		RandNumber of
Shares		RandNumber of
Shares		Rand
202220212020
At 1 January417,501,452 104,375,363 416,890,087 104,222,522 415,301,215 103,825,304 
Issued during the year:
Exercise of options by participants in the AngloGold Share Incentive Scheme1,099,021 274,755 611,365 152,841 1,588,872 397,218 
31 December418,600,473 104,650,118 417,501,452 104,375,363 416,890,087 104,222,522 

During the period from 1 January 20212023 to and including 1910 March 2021, 351,6742023, 246,930 ordinary shares were issued at an average issue price of R231.06R270.27 per share, resulting in 417,241,761418,847,403 ordinary shares being in issue at 1910 March 2021.2023.

Redeemable preference shares

A and B redeemable preference shares, all of which are held by Eastvaal Gold Holdings Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of AngloGold Ashanti. The C redeemable preference shares have no par value but have the same rights as the B preference shares save that the C preference shares rank after the B preference shares (but prior to the A preference shares) as regards the payment of dividends, redemption proceeds and payment on winding up of the company. The process to cancel all the A, B and C redeemable preference shares is ongoing.





207


230
7A.    MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

According to information available to the directors, the following are the only shareholders or their associates holding, directly or indirectly, in excess of five percent of the ordinary issued share capital of the company:
Ordinary shares held at31 December 202031 December 201931 December 2018
Shareholder*Number of
Shares		Percent
Voting
Rights		Number of
Shares		Percent
Voting
Rights		Number of
Shares		Percent
Voting
Rights
Public Investment Corp. of South Africa39,846,637 9.56 30,439,075 7.33 25,395,823 6.15 
BlackRock Inc.27,956,084 6.71 41,236,154 9.93 32,926,713 7.98 
Van Eck Global26,488,311 6.35 27,375,511 6.59 52,402,004 12.70 
Company:
Ordinary shares held at31 December 202231 December 202131 December 2020
Shareholder*Number of
Shares		Percent
Voting
Rights		Number of
Shares		Percent
Voting
Rights		Number of
Shares		Percent
Voting
Rights
Public Investment Corporation of South Africa51,477,205 12.30 44,332,506 10.62 39,846,637 9.56 
BlackRock Inc.29,536,274 7.06 27,155,066 6.50 27,956,084 6.71 
Van Eck Associates Corporation23,602,172 5.64 n/an/a26,488,311 6.35 
Coronation Holdingsn/an/a37,322,250 8.94 n/an/a

* Shares may not necessarily reflect the beneficial shareholder.

At 31 December 2020,2022, a total of 145,927,871125,736,908 shares (or 3530 percent of issued ordinary share capital) were held by The Bank of New York Mellon, as Depositary for the company’sCompany’s American Depositary Receipt programme. Each American Depositary Share (ADS) is equivalent to one ordinary share. At 31 December 2020,2022, the number of persons who were registered holders of ADSs was reported at 2,095.1,928. AngloGold Ashanti is aware that many ADSs are held of record by brokers and other nominees, and accordingly the above numbers are not necessarily representative of the actual number of persons who are beneficial holders of ADSs or the number of ADSs beneficially held by these persons.

All ordinary shareholders have the same voting rights.

As at 31 December 2020,2022, there were 23,043 25,543holders on record of AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares. Of these holders 498478 had registered addresses in the United States and held a total of 67,474,889179,898,324 ordinary shares, 16.18or 42.98 percent of the total outstanding ordinary shares. In addition, certain accounts on record with registered addresses outside the United States, including The Bank of New York Mellon, hold AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares, in whole or in part, beneficially for United States persons.

At 1910 March 2021,2023, a total of 148,623,301124,073,857 ADSs or 3629.62 percent of total issued ordinary share capital were issued and outstanding and held on record by 2,0721,914 registered holders.

Insofar as is known to AngloGold Ashanti, there was no person who, directly or indirectly, jointly or severally, exercised or could exercise control over AngloGold Ashanti, nor is AngloGold Ashanti aware of any arrangements which might result in a change in control of AngloGold Ashanti.
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231
7B.    RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company had the following transactions with related parties during the year ended 31 December:
20202022
Purchases from related party
(in million)$
Purchases of goods and services from related parties
Rand Refinery (Pty) Limited18 
Margaret Water Company (1)
2 
Société d’Exploitation des Mines d’Or de Sadiola S.A. (1)
1 
21 


2020
Sales and
services
rendered to
related parties
(in million)$
Sales and services rendered to related parties
Rand Refinery (Pty) Limited11 
Mali joint ventures (1)
814 
19 
(1) The Sadiola and Morila joint ventures in Mali, and the Margaret Water Company in South Africa were sold during 2020.
Amounts due byto joint ventures and associates arising from purchases of goods and services are unsecured and non-interest bearing.

As at 31 December 2020 the outstanding balances arising from the sale of goods and services due by associates and joint ventures is $11 million.

As at 31 December 20202022, there are no outstanding balances arising from loans owed to or by related parties.



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7C.    INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

Not applicable.
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ITEM 8: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

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8A.    CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

See “Item“Item 18: Financial Statements”.


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LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

There is no material proceeding in which a director, officer or affiliate of AngloGold Ashanti is either a party adverse or has a material interest adverse to the company.Company.

In addition to the proceedings described below, the companyCompany becomes involved, from time to time, in various claims, legal proceedings and complaints incidental to the ordinary course of its business.


TAX MATTERS

•The State of Minas Gerais v. Mineração Serra Grande S.A. (MSG): In Brazil, MSG received a tax assessment in October 2003 from the State of Minas Gerais related to VAT on gold bullion transfers. The tax administrators rejected MSG’s appeal against the assessment.assessment, which amounted to approximately $9.6 million. MSG is now appealingappealed the dismissal of the case to the State Court of Minas Gerais. The assessment is approximately $9 million. Any possible payment by MSG would be set off by an indemnity from Kinross Gold Corporation (Kinross) of $6$5 million provided for as part of the company’s acquisition of Kinross’ interest in MSG in 2012. The matter is currently pending in the State Court of Minas Gerais.

•Brazilian tax authorities v. AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do Sítio Mineração SA:SA and Mineração Serra Grande S.A. (MSG): AngloGold Ashanti’s subsidiaries in Brazil, including AGA Mineração (formerly AngloGold Ashanti Brasil Minera��Mineração Ltda) and MSG, are involved in various disputes with the Brazilian tax authorities. These disputes date back toas far as 2007 and involve federal tax assessments including income tax, royalties, social contributions, VAT and annual property tax. Various new claims, relating to VAT on diesel and consumables, for $12 million were assessed by management during the second half of 2020 and classified as possible claims, based on external legal opinions. Collectively, the total possible amount involved across all tax disputes in Brazil is approximately $42$46.5 million, which include VAT claims and social security payments of $36 million.

•Colombian Tax Office (DIAN) v. AngloGold Ashanti Colombia S.A.S.A.S. (AGAC) and Gramalote Colombia Limited (Gramalote): In JanuarySince 2013, AGAC received noticevarious notices from the DIAN that it disagreed with the company’s tax treatment of certain itemsexploration expenditure in theits 2010, 2011, 2013 and 20112014 income tax returns and its 2011 equity tax returns. On 23 October 2013,return. However, AGAC received the official assessments from the DIAN which established that an estimated additional tax of $19 million will be payable if the tax returns are amended. Penalties and interest for the additional taxes may amount to $115 million. The company believes that the DIAN has applied the tax legislation incorrectly. AGACincorrectly and subsequently challenged the DIAN’s ruling by filingfiled lawsuits in March and April 2015, before the Administrative Court of Cundinamarca (the trial court for tax litigation). Closing arguments on challenging each of the DIAN’s rulings in respect of those tax disputes were presented in February and June 2017. On 23 Aprilreturns. In 2018, the Administrative Court of Cundinamarca denied AGAC’s arguments with respect to the 2010 and 2011 income tax litigation. AGAC subsequently appealed this judgementthese judgments to the Supreme CourtCouncil of Colombia. A final judgement could take several years. A determination byState of Colombia (the highest court for tax matters). In November and December 2022, the Administrative Court withCouncil of State ruled against AGAC upon appeal. The Council of State ordered AGAC to pay $34 million of additional taxes (which includes interest) in respect toof the 2010 incomeand 2011 tax litigation is still pending.

returns, but it fully waived any related penalties (which were originally assessed in the amount of $47 million). In January 2018,December 2022, a tax reform was adopted in Colombia, enacting changes which may lead to a reduction of interest charged on outstanding tax obligations in certain circumstances. In February 2023, AGAC received notice frompaid $25 million of additional taxes (which includes interest) in respect of the DIAN that it also disagreed with AGAC’s 20132011 income and equity tax returns, onafter taking into account a reduction of $6 million in interest under the same basis astax reform. Following this payment, the 2011 tax litigation was fully settled. AGAC is still awaiting the final decision under the new tax reform in respect of the 2010 tax litigation. AGAC’s other lawsuits with respect to its 2013 and 20112014 tax returns calculating additional tax, along with penalties and interest, of $9 million. On 13 March 2020, AGAC filed a lawsuitare still pending before the Administrative Court of Cundinamarca challengingand the DIAN’s 2013 assessment. The matter is currently pending. In May 2019, AGAC received notice from the DIAN that it also disagreed with AGAC’s 2014 income and equity tax returns on the same basis as the 2010, 2011 and 2013 returns, calculating additional tax, along with penalties and interest,company has disclosed a contingent liability of $7 million.$5.0 million in respect thereof (mainly covering related penalties).

In FebruarySince 2019, Gramalote also received noticevarious notices from the DIAN that it disagreed with its 2013 income and equity2014 income tax returns on the same basis as the abovementioned AGAC returns, calculating additional tax, along withtaxes as well as penalties and interest, of $9 million which was confirmed in its official assessment issued on 24 January 2020. On 17 September 2020,interest. However, Gramalote also believes that the DIAN has applied the tax legislation incorrectly and subsequently filed a lawsuitlawsuits before the Administrative Court of Cundinamarca to challenge the official assessmentchallenging each of the DIAN disagreeingDIAN’s rulings in respect of those tax returns. Gramalote’s lawsuits with respect to its 2013 and 2014 tax returns are still pending before the Administrative Court of Cundinamarca. The company has disclosed a contingent liability of $3.0 million in relation to Gramalote’s 2013 income and equity tax returns. In addition, in March 2019, Gramalote received notice from the DIAN that it disagreed with its 2014 income and equity tax returns on the same basis as its 2013 returns, calculating additional tax, along with penalties, of approximately $3 million. In October 2019, the DIAN issued the official assessment for 2014 confirming this amount. On 23 December 2019, Gramalote filed a motion for reconsideration before the DIAN.(mainly covering related penalties).

The total amount claimed by the DIAN, related to the above tax matters amountsthat remain outstanding amounted to $162$8.1 million of which $143$8.0 million relatesrelated to penalties and interest.as of 31 December 2022. Following a judgment of the Council of State in July 2019 holding that duplicate penalties may not be charged, the company expects that certain penalties will likely be waived, reducing the overall exposure to $0.1 million in respect of those tax matters. In addition, from 2017 onwards, the deduction of exploration costs is prohibited following a change in Colombian tax legislation. As a result, exploration costs have been treated in accordance with the amended tax legislation subsequent to that date.

•Argentina Tax Authority (AFIP) v. Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (CVSA): On 12In July 2013, CVSA received a notification from the AFIP requesting corrections to the 2007, 2008 and 2009 income tax returns of about $1.3$0.9 million relating to the non-deduction of tax losses previously claimed on hedge contracts. The AFIP is of the view that the financial derivatives could not be considered as hedge contracts, as hedge contract losses could only be offset against gains derived from the same kind of hedging contracts. Penalties and interest on the disputed amounts are estimated at a further $6.6$4.2 million. CVSA and AFIP have corresponded on this issue over the past several years, and the Argentinian tax authorities continue to assert
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their position regarding the use of the financial derivatives. CVSA filed an appeal with the Tax Court on 19in June 2015, and the parties submitted their final reports in July 2017. The matter is pending with the Tax Court.




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•Ghanaian tax authorities v. AngloGold Ashanti (Ghana) Limited (AGAG): withholding tax audits: In Ghana, AGAG received a final tax assessmentsaudit report from the Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA) in which the GRA demanded payment of $11.1$9.0 million as of 31 December 2020 in respect of the 2004-2014 tax years, following an audit by the Ghanaian tax authorities related to withholding taxes on payments to non-resident persons. AGAG raised objectionsobjected to the GRA’s assessment of withholding taxes on the basis that AGAG was duly exempted by the government of Ghana from withholding taxes on payments made to non-residents during the relevant periods in terms of the Deed of Warranty signed with the Ghanaian tax authorities and believes that the withholding taxes were not properly assessed. On several occasions, most recently ingovernment of Ghana. In 2017, AGAG met with the Commissioner-General of the Ghana Revenue AuthorityGRA and provided its position in writing together with the relevant supporting documentation.documents. AGAG has not yet to receivereceived a response from the Commissioner-General. Due to the statute of limitations applicable to tax assessments in Ghana, the amount of the tax uncertainty is estimated at $6.0 million as at 31 December 2022.

COLOMBIA

•Santa María-Montecristo and La Colosa class action lawsuits: Class action lawsuits have been filed in relation to each of AngloGold Ashanti Colombia S.A.S.A.S.’s (AGAC) Santa María-Montecristo and La Colosa projects. Each of the two lawsuits aims to stop exploration and mining in certain restricted areas affected by the projects due to environmental concerns.

In respect of the Santa María-Montecristo class action lawsuit, in September 2011, the Administrative Court of Tolima granted one of the plaintiffs a preliminary injunction suspending AGAC’s mining concession contracts in relation to this project. AGAC challenged this injunction. On 30 May 2019, the Administrative Court of Tolima ruled that a technical study be prepared to define the places in which mining activities could be performed in the Combeima canyon without posing any threat to the water reservoirs of Ibagué, the capital of the Tolima department. In respect of the Santa María-Montecristo class action lawsuit, in September 2011, the Administrative Court of Tolima granted one of the plaintiffs a preliminary injunction suspending AGAC’s mining concession contracts in relation to this project. AGAC has challenged this injunction, nevertheless, it remains in place during the course of the court proceedings. On 30In May 2019, the Administrative Court of Tolima ruled that a technical study be prepared to define the places in which mining activities could be performed in the Combeima canyon without posing any threat to the water reservoirs of Ibagué, the capital of the Tolima department. On 14In September 2020, the Council of State of Colombia (the highest court for administrative matters) on appeal overruled Tolima’sthe decision of the Administrative Court decision.of Tolima. The Council of State’s decision, which is final and not subject to further appeal, determined that AGAC, as concessionaire, has a right to develop the project if it can demonstrate to the mining and environmental authorities on the basis of technical studies that its mining exploration and, eventually, exploitation activities, will not impact the water resources of the Coello River basin and its tributaries. On 25 October 2022, AGAC returned the tenements involved in the Santa María-Montecristo project to the government of Colombia. This return is pending acceptance by the Colombian Mining Authority (Agencia Nacional de Minería) following which the Administrative Court of Tolima still needs to dismiss the case. Until such time, the injunction remains in place.

The consolidated La Colosa class action lawsuit originally consisted of four separate class actions. In relation to this project, on 10in October 2016, Tolima’s Administrative Court ordered that a technical study be prepared by a panel of seven experts (selected by the plaintiff, AGAC, universities, the Colombian government and an NGO) to determine whether the La Colosa project presents a “threat” to the environment during its exploration phase. On 4In December 2017, Ibagué’s Third Administrative Court ordered that another technical study, similar to the one described in the October 2016 order, be prepared for the La Colosa project. AGAC appealed both orders. On 6In September 2018, Tolima’s Administrative Court consolidated all class actions in relation to the La Colosa project into one single class action lawsuit which is currently pending before the Council of State. The orders to prepare the technical studies have been temporarily suspended pending resolution by the Council of State. If AGAC’s appeal before the Council of State is not successful, the companyCompany may have to perform one or more technical studies in relation to the La Colosa project. If the studies were to conclude that a “threat” exists, certain development activities at the La Colosa project may be suspended.

Further, while the plaintiffs in the La Colosa class action have petitioned the courts to cancel the mining concession contract,contracts, the companyCompany believes that the judiciary system in Colombia does not have the authority to order such cancellation. Such power, by law, vests solely in the Colombian government which, through the relevant Colombian mining authorities, has the discretion to declare concessions void if a concession holder breaches applicable environmental laws or regulations. The Colombian government, as the authority granting the mining concession contracts, is also a defendant in this class action lawsuit together with AGAC. AGAC continues to oppose, through a variety of integrated legal and political strategies, the class action lawsuit that was filed against it. However, if the plaintiffs prevail and AGAC is unable to perform its core concession contracts as a result of the judicial decision, the companyCompany would be required to abandon the project.

•Cortolima’s injunction against AngloGold Ashanti Colombia S.A.S.A.S. (AGAC): In March 2013, Cortolima, a regional environmental authority in the Tolima department, issued a regulatory injunction against AGAC alleging, among other things, that in relation to certain of AGAC’s La Colosa mine design-related activities in the municipality of Piedras, AGAC engaged in drilling and other activities that could have negative effects on the environment. The injunction did not include any allegation that AGAC’s actions actually caused any environmental damages in Piedras. AGAC’s challenge of the injunction was unsuccessful before Cortolima. In August 2013, AGAC initiated legal proceedings before the Council of State of Colombia (the highest court for administrative matters) seeking annulment of the injunction as well as restoration of its rights to continue its activities in the area. In November 2019, the Council of State ruled that the competent judicial authority to decide on this matter is the Administrative Court of Tolima and referred the case to that court. On 30In July 2020, the Twelfth Administrative Court of Tolima ruled that since the injunction is a preliminary and temporary measure imposed as part of the administrative approval process within Cortolima and not a final decision, it is not yet amenable to administrative judicial review. AGAC subsequently appealedIn July 2021, this decision. Thedecision was reversed on appeal is currently pending beforeby the Administrative Superior
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Court of Tolima.Tolima in a ruling that such injunctions are amenable to administrative judicial review. The companyappellate court ordered the Twelfth Administrative Court of Tolima to review the matter and issue a decision thereon. Consequently, the Twelfth Administrative Court of Tolima admitted the case and a first hearing was held on 21 April 2022. Trial evidence was accepted. On 25 October 2022, another hearing was held to gather testimonies. The case remains pending. The Company expects that a final resolution of this



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matter will include payment of a penalty by AGAC in an amount that is not expected to be material. While the injunction remains in place, AGAC is not able to engage in certain of its activities related to the La Colosa project.

•Piedras and Cajamarca popular consultations: In 2013, the local council of the city of Piedras, near the La Colosa project, organised a popular consultation to ban all mining activities in Piedras (Piedras popular consultation), the result of which was validated by the Administrative Court of Tolima as part of an administrative procedure. Although the Piedras popular consultation did not have an immediate impact on the La Colosa project (due to its distant location from the project), AGAC believes the Piedras popular consultation was in violation of national law in Colombia. In 2013, AGAC filed a ‘tutela’ action (a legal action alleging a violation of AGAC’s constitutional rights) with the Council of State of Colombia (the highest court for administrative issues). In 2014, AGAC’s ‘tutela’ action was dismissed by the Council of State for lack of standing on the grounds that AGAC did not have mining tenements in Piedras. In addition, in 2015, AGAC filed a request for annulment of the administrative acts adopted by the local authorities in furtherance of the results of the Piedras popular consultation, which was rejected by the Second Administrative Court of Ibagué. AGAC’s appeal ofAGAC subsequently appealed this ruling is currently pending beforeruling. In July 2021, AGAC was notified that the Administrative Superior Court of Tolima which will have to decideruled on this matterappeal that, in light of the recent ruling2018 decision of the Constitutional Court onof Colombia (the highest court for constitutional issues) holding that local municipalities or regions are not entitled to veto mining activities through popular consultations (as further described below.below), the results of the Piedras popular consultation, and the administrative acts adopted in furtherance thereof, were not enforceable. An extraordinary appeal against this ruling was submitted on 22 March 2022, which is pending. In addition, in September 2021, a third party filed a ‘tutela’ action with the Council of State arguing that the Administrative Superior Court of Tolima did not have the authority to determine that the results of the Piedras popular consultation, and the administrative acts adopted in furtherance thereof, were not enforceable. In December 2021, the Council of State dismissed this ‘tutela’ action for lack of standing.

In March 2017, the residents of the municipality of Cajamarca also voted in a popular consultation to disapprove mining projects in the municipality, including the La Colosa project (Cajamarca popular consultation). However, the Mining Minister of Colombia subsequently publicly confirmed that Cajamarca’s vote does not apply retroactively implying the Cajamarca popular consultation did not have an immediate impact on AGAC’s rights with respect to the La Colosa project. In April 2017, AGAC nevertheless suspended all exploration activities at the La Colosa project until there is more certainty about mining activity in Colombia. On 11In October 2018, the Colombian Constitutional Court issued ruling SU-095-2018 stating that local municipalities or regions were not entitled to veto mining activities through popular consultations. The Constitutional Court also ordered the national legislative body, the Congress of Colombia, to enact a law within two years to ensure that local communities and groups are adequately consulted in the approval of mining activities in accordance with specific criteria set out in its ruling. Subsequently, a group of citizens submitted an annulment claim before the Administrative Court of Cundinamarca to cancel AGA’sAGAC’s mining contract in Cajamarca on the grounds of the results of the Cajamarca popular consultation. TheAfter having admitted the annulment claim was admitted on 11in December 2019, the Administrative Court of Cundinamarca dismissed the plaintiffs’ claim in May 2021 on procedural grounds. The plaintiffs subsequently appealed this decision and the appeal is currently pending before Cundinamarca’s Administrative Court which will have to decide on this matter in lightthe Council of the abovementioned ruling of the Constitutional Court.State.

•La Colosa Human Rights Litigation: In November 2014, the Personero (Ombudsman) of Ibagué, the capital of the Tolima department, filed a petition against the Colombian government before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (Commission), based in Washington, D.C., for alleged human rights violations protected by the American Convention on Human Rights (Convention) which has been ratified by Colombia along with many other Central and South American countries. The Commission has the power to refer a case to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (Court) which is an autonomous judicial institution based in San José, Costa Rica whose purpose is the application and interpretation of the Convention. The petition alleges that the Colombian government denied justice to the Personero as a result of the failure of the Colombian judiciary to resolve the issues raised in two class actions filed by him before the local Colombian administrative courts within a reasonable period of time. Although AGAC is not a party to the suit, its outcome is nevertheless important to the development of the La Colosa project. The Commission currently has not accepted nor referred the case to the Court. If the case would be accepted or referred in the future, the Colombian government will have to defend itself against the lawsuit and will be bound by the findings of the Court. AGAC continues to regularly follow up with the Colombian government for updates.

•Paramo Delimitation: In November 2016, the Colombian government issued Resolution 19871987/2016 delineating certain wetlands or moorlands as environmentally important protected areas, which designation includes certain areas in and around the La Colosa project. In these areas there are limitations, or in some instances outright bans, on mining and mining-related activities. These limitations and bans could potentially adversely impact the design, operations and production of the mining project at the La Colosa project. On 12In June 2017, AGAC filed suit against the Colombian Ministry of the Environment in the Administrative Court of Cundinamarca to annul Resolution 19871987/2016 on technical and other grounds. The lawsuit was admitted on 30in April 2019. The Ministry of the Environment, as defendant in this action, is expected to file its response to the annulment claim.

•Zonte Metals: A Canadian junior mining company, Zonte Metals, filed applications for title to certain corridors, or small slivers of land, overlaying sections of the Gramalote project. The Secretary of Mines of Antioquia, the department in which the Gramalote project is located, denied the applications filed by Zonte Metals. However, Zonte Metals then filed a claim against the Colombian National Mining Agency (ANM) and the Antioquia Secretary of Mines before the Council of State of Colombia, by which it seeks to (i) revoke the resolution that denied its application and (ii) obtain the rights over the corridors requested in its application. The Council of State subsequently enjoined the Antioquia Secretary of Mines and Gramalote Colombia Limited (Gramalote) from progressing a pending application to integrate the disputed corridors with Gramalote’s tenement. The Antioquia Secretary of Mines has filed its response to the Zonte Metals claim, which includes arguments



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aligned with the interests and position of Gramalote. On 4In September 2017, the Council of State approved Gramalote’s request to be made an interested party to the lawsuit, but it rejected Gramalote’s request to join the Antioquia Secretary of Mines as a co-defendant on 28in August 2019. On 24In January 2019, the Council of State also re-affirmed that the Council of State is the competent judicial authority to hear the matter. The date for the first hearing is currently pending.
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GHANA

•Pompora Treatment Plant Litigation: On 2In April 2013, AngloGold Ashanti (Ghana) Limited (AGAG) received a summons from Abdul Waliyu and 152 others in which the plaintiffs allege that they were or are residents of the Obuasi municipality or its suburbs and that their health has been adversely affected by emissions and/or other environmental impacts arising in connection with the current and/or historical operations of the Pompora Treatment Plant (PTP), which was decommissioned in 2000. The plaintiffs’ alleged injuries include respiratory infections, skin diseases and certain cancers. The plaintiffs subsequently did not timely file their application for directions but AGAG intends to allow some time to pass prior to applying to have the matter dismissed for want of prosecution. On 24in time. In February 2014, executive members of the PTP (AGAG) Smoke Effect Association (PASEA), sued AGAG by themselves and on behalf of their members (undisclosed number) on grounds similar to those discussed above, as well as economic hardships resulting from the failure of their crops. This matter has been adjourned indefinitely. As plaintiffs in these matters have not actively pursued these legal proceedings, AGAG intends to allow some time to pass prior to applyingis taking steps to have the matter struck outthese matters dismissed for want of prosecution.

•Mining and Building Contractors Limited: On 11 October 2011, AGAG terminated Mining and Building Contractors Limited’s (MBC) underground development agreement, construction on bulkheads agreement and diamond drilling agreement at Obuasi mine. The parties reached agreement on the terms of the separation and concluded a separation agreement on 8 November 2012. In February 2014, AGAG was served with a demand issued by MBC claiming a total of $97 million. In December 2015, the proceedings were stayed in the Ghanaian High Court pending arbitration. In February 2016, MBC submitted the matter to arbitration. The arbitration panel has been constituted and held an arbitration management meeting to address initial procedural matters on 26 July 2019. On 1 May 2020, the Ghana Arbitration Centre granted MBC’s request to stay the arbitral proceedings indefinitely to enable it and AGAG to explore possible settlement.


•Ghana Mining Licenses Litigation: In January 2019, AGAG and AngloGold Ashanti (Iduapriem) Limited (AAIL), along with other Ghanaian mining companies, were served with writs by two members of the Ghanaian Parliament seeking to invoke the jurisdiction of the Ghanaian Supreme Court (highest court in Ghana) for a declaration that the mining companies were not entitled to carry out any exploitation of minerals otherwise allowed under their relevant mining leases unless the leases had been timely ratified by the Parliament of Ghana. On 19In January 2019, the Ghanaian Attorney General filed its statement of case, agreeing with the position of the plaintiffs (that the mining leases required parliamentary ratification) and requesting that the Supreme Court order the mining companies to pay the Ghanaian government all revenue related to mining activities accrued during the time such mining leases were unratified. On 18In April 2019, AGAG and AAIL, in coordination with the other mining companies, filed their statement of case. The Supreme Court has not yet set a date for the first hearing to commence the case.

On 13 December 2019, AGAG, together with six other mining companies, were served with writs by a private individual seeking similar relief in the High Court of Ghana (instead of the Ghanaian Supreme Court). On 21 August 2020, the High Court of Ghana dismissed this claim on the grounds that the substance of the plaintiff’s claim is the exclusive preserve of the Ghanaian Supreme Court, where a civil suit seeking similar relief is currently pending.

GUINEA

•Government of Guinea (National Claim Commission) v. Société AngloGold Ashanti Goldfields de Guinée SA (SAG): A national claim recovery commission established by the government of Guinea has demanded that SAG pay $43 million in dividends and penalties that would allegedly have been owed to the government of Guinea for the accounting years 2004 - 2007. SAG opposes the claim. Even though both parties had originally decided to submit their dispute to an independent audit firm to be appointed by a common accord, the independent audit firm was never appointed. In December 2010, the national claim recovery commission was disbanded and the matter was turned over to the Inspector General of the Ministry of Finance of Guinea. This matter has been dormant since it was handed over to the Inspector General.

TANZANIA

•Geita Gold Mining Limited (GGM): In January 2007, Jackson Manyelo and other plaintiffs filed a suit against GGM in the Mwanza High Court alleging that they were affected by blasting activities in the Katoma area carried out by GGM and had suffered damages in the amount of TZS9.6 billion (approximately $6 million). On 30In April 2015, the High Court issued a judgementjudgment in favour of GGM. In 2016, plaintiffs appealed to the Court of Appeal, where the matter is pending.

•Geita Gold Mining Limited (GGM) and Samax Resources Limited (Samax) v. Government of Tanzania: On 13In July 2017, GGM and Samax filed a notice of arbitration against the government of Tanzania arising from the enactment by the government of certain legislation that purports to make a number of changes to the operating environment of Tanzania’s extractive industries, including mining. The notice of arbitration was submitted in accordance with Article 12 of the Agreement for the Development of a Gold Mine at Geita, Mwanza between the government of Tanzania and each of GGM and Samax (the MDA), and under the 1976 Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
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(UNCITRAL). The Arbitral Tribunal has been duly constituted. Since January 2019, at the request of the parties, the arbitral proceedings have been stayed several times in order to afford the parties the opportunity to achieve an amicable resolution of the dispute and as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recently, on 5In October 2020,2022, the Tribunal granted another extensionparties agreed to stay the arbitration proceedings until 12 March 2021 on the basis that the parties were making progress with negotiations after COVID-19 restrictions were eased. The extension should be considered final unless new circumstances justifyfor a further extension. On 15 March 2021, and due to continuing COVID-19 issues in sub-Saharan Africa, GGM and Samax requested a further extension to stay the proceedings. This request is pending with the Tribunal.period of 12 months until 6 November 2023.

•Arbitration under the United Kingdom-Tanzania Bilateral Investment Treaty (UK-Tanzania BIT): Unrelated to the arbitration proceedings under the MDA described above, on 4in September 2017, GGM and Samax, together with Cluff Oil Limited and Cluff Mineral Exploration Limited, notified the government of Tanzania in writing that the Tanzanian government’s conduct amounted to a breach of its commitments under the UK-Tanzania BIT. This notice triggered a ‘cooling-off’ period under the UK-Tanzania BIT, pursuant to which the parties had six months to achieve an amicable resolution to their dispute. Following the expiry of the ‘cooling off’ period on 4in March 2018, GGM, Samax, Cluff Oil Limited and Cluff Mineral Exploration Limited are now entitled to submit their dispute with the government of Tanzania to ICSID arbitration in accordance with the terms of the UK-Tanzania BIT to the extent that they may deem this necessary.







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BRAZIL

•Public Civil Action between Mineração Serra Grande S.A. (MSG) and the Goiás State Public Prosecutor's Office (Prosecutor): On 28In August 2019, the Prosecutor filed a public civil action against MSG in the local court of Crixás (Court) arguing that the Serra Grande tailings dam should be deactivated and decommissioned due to its size and upstream construction method. The Prosecutor requested the Court to grant an injunction ordering MSG to, inter alia, completely deactivate the tailings dam by 15 September 2021 and decommission the tailings dam, including complete removal of tailings material, by 15 September 2022. Further, the Prosecutor requested that a daily penalty of approximately $245,000 be imposed for MSG’s failure to comply with such injunction. MSG submitted its defence on 27in September 2019 and contends that it has not violated any Brazilian laws or regulations applicable to operations of the Serra Grande tailings dam. On 10In February 2020, the Court granted an injunction in respect of a number of the requests made by the Prosecutor. In line with the legal requirements of ANM Resolution No. 13/19, the injunction ordered the deactivation of the Serra Grande tailings dam by 15 September 2021, but did not include requirements to decommission the tailings dam, or to conduct complete removal of tailings material, by 15 September 2022. On 20 February 2020, MSG filed a motion for clarification in relation to certain items of the Court’s decision. On 25In May 2020, the Court clarified that its injunction should be interpreted in line with the legal requirements of ANM Resolution No. 13/19. On 4In June 2020, the Prosecutor presented further technical arguments in court, reiterating its request for an injunction ordering MSG to, inter alia, deactivate the tailings dam by September 2021 and to decommission the tailings dam, including complete removal of tailings material. On 22 June 2020,Afterwards, MSG filed an interlocutory appeal against the preliminary injunction granted on 10in February 2020 and a motion for further clarification. In August 2020, both MSG and the Prosecutor filed petitions informing the Court that the parties did not wish to produce oral evidence at a hearing. This matter is ongoing.In May 2021, the Court upheld the preliminary injunction ordering the deactivation of the Serra Grande tailings dam by 15 September 2021 and its decommissioning by 15 September 2025, both of which are consistent with the deadlines established by existing legal and regulatory requirements. In June 2021, the Prosecutor appealed this decision. The Court of Appeals of Goiás tried the case on 4 August 2022 and has affirmed the first instance decision. On 3 November 2022, the Prosecutor appealed this decision to the Superior Court of Justice.

•Public Civil Action between AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do Sítio Mineração SA (AGA Mineração) and the Minas Gerais State Public Prosecutor's Office (Prosecutor): In March 2020, the Prosecutor filed a public civil action against AGA Mineração in the local court of Sabará (Court) alleging a violation of Minas Gerais Law No. 23.291/19, which was adopted in February 2019. Article 12 of this law prohibits the grant of an environmental license for construction, installation, expansion or raising of a tailings dam if the “dam break” studies identify communities that are located in the self-rescue zone. In February 2020, the state of Minas Gerais approved AGA Mineração’s permit to operate the Cuiabá tailings dam following the determination by the Minas Gerais’ Attorney’s Office that Law No. 23.291/19 does not apply to tailings dams already in operation. In its lawsuit, the Prosecutor requested the Court to grant an injunction ordering the suspension of AGA Mineração’s operational permit for the Cuiabá tailings dam on the grounds that it was issued in violation of this law. During the months of March through May 2020, all parties presented their arguments in court. In June 2020, the Court rejected the Prosecutor’s request to grant an injunction. In July 2020, the Court’s decision not to grant an injunction was upheld on appeal by the Court of Appeals of Minas Gerais. Subsequently, the Court issued an order proposing a conciliation hearing between the parties. Noneparties, to which none of the parties objected to suchobjected. On 28 January 2022, the parties filed a joint petition requesting the cancellation of the conciliation hearing and the suspension of the legal proceedings in view of negotiations between the parties to explore a date remainspossible settlement. On 2 June 2022, AGA Mineração and the Prosecutor entered into a settlement. Pursuant to be scheduled by the Court. This matter is ongoing.settlement, AGA Mineração will, among other measures, update the emergency action plan and decommission the Cuiabá tailings dam according to the schedule filed with the relevant mining and environmental agencies. AGA Mineração will also prepare a technical study to assess the potential evacuation of communities from the self-rescue zone during the decommission stages. The Court approved the settlement on 29 July 2022 and the public civil action was terminated.



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DIVIDENDS

General

Dividends are proposed by and approved by the board of directors of AngloGold Ashanti (Board)(the “board”), based on the company’sCompany’s financial performance and compliance with applicable laws, including in respect of the solvency and liquidity test contemplated in the SA Companies Act. Dividends are recognised when declared by the Board. AngloGold Ashanti’s dividend policy allows the Board to declare a semi-annual dividend to be based on 20 percent of the free cash flow generated by the business for that financial year, before taking into account growth capital expenditure, subject to applicable laws required to be complied with before a dividend may be declared by the Board. The Board may exercise its discretion on an annual basis, taking into consideration the prevailing market conditions, balance sheet flexibility and future capital commitments of the group.Group.

As a company incorporated in accordance with and bound by the company laws of the Republic of South Africa with its primary listing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, AngloGold Ashanti is required to declare dividends in South African rands. Therefore, dividends are declared in South African rands and paid in Australian dollars, South African rands, British pounds and Ghanaian cedis. Dividends paid to registered holders of AngloGold Ashanti ADSs are paid in US dollars converted from South African rands by The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary,Depositary, in accordance with the deposit agreement. Exchange rate fluctuations may therefore affect the value of the dividends received by registered shareholders and distributions paid by the relevant depositaryDepositary to investors holding AngloGold Ashanti securities. Moreover, fluctuations in the exchange rates of the US dollar may affect the US dollar price of the ADSs on the NYSE. For details on taxation and exchange controls applicable to holders of ordinary shares or ADSs, see “Item“Item 10D: Exchange Controls”, “Item“Item 10E: Taxation-SouthTaxation—South African Taxation-TaxationTaxation—Taxation of dividends” and “Item 10E: Taxation-UnitedTaxation—United States Taxation-TaxationTaxation—Taxation of dividends”.

Dividends declared (in the ordinary course from trading and non-trading profits) to foreign shareholders are not subject to the approval by the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) in terms of South African foreign exchange control regulations. Dividends are freely transferable to foreign shareholders from both trading and non-trading profits earned in South Africa by publicly listed companies. Dividends in specie or special dividends may require SARB approval prior to declaration and payment to foreign shareholders.

Under South African law, the companyCompany may declare and pay dividends from any reserves included in total shareholder’s equity (including share capital and share premium) calculated in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), subject to the solvency and liquidity test.

Withholding tax

South Africa currently imposes a Dividend Withholding Tax on Companies (dividends tax) at a rate of 20 percent on the net amount of the dividend declared and paid by a resident company, other than a Headquarter Company.

The dividends tax is generally imposed on the beneficial owner of the dividends. The dividends paid to South African shareholders may be exempt from dividend withholding tax in terms of certain domestic exemptions, or may be reduced to a lower rate under an applicable double tax treaty, if the required declarations and undertakings are provided by the beneficial owner of the dividend. In the case of dividends paid to a US holder with respect to shares, the Convention Between the Government of the United States of America and the Republic of South Africa for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income and Capital Gains, signed 17 February 1997 (Treaty)(the “US/SA Double Taxation Treaty”) would generally limit the dividends tax rate to five percent of the gross amount of the dividends if a corporate US holder holds directly at least 10ten percent of the voting stock of AngloGold Ashanti. In all other cases, the maximum tax rate under the US/SA Double Taxation Treaty is 15 percent of the gross amount of the dividend. Different rules may apply if the beneficial owner of the dividends is a US resident who carries on business in South Africa through a permanent establishment situated in South Africa, or performs in South Africa independent personal services from a permanent establishment situated in South Africa, and the dividends are attributable to such permanent establishment.










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8B.    SIGNIFICANT CHANGES

Refer to “Item“Item 18: Financial Statements—Note 37—35—Subsequent Events”.


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ITEM 9: THE OFFER AND LISTING


9A.    OFFER AND LISTING DETAILS

The principal trading markets for AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares are the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), in the form of ADSs, under the symbol “AU” and the JSE Limited, in the form of ordinary shares, under the symbol “ANG”. Each ADS represents one ordinary share.








9B.    PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

Not applicable.






9C.    MARKETS

NATURE OF TRADING MARKET

The principal trading markets for AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares are the New York Stock Exchange,NYSE, in the form of ADSs, under the symbol “AU” (each representing one ordinary share) and the JSE Limited, in the form of ordinary shares, under the symbol “ANG”.

AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares are also listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange, as ordinary shares under the symbol “AGA” and in the form of Ghanaian Depositary Shares or GhDSs (each representing one one-hundredth of an ordinary share) under the symbol “AADs”“AAD”, and the Australian Securities Exchange, in the form of ChessCHESS Depositary Interests (each representing one-fifth of an ordinary share) under the symbol “AGG”. AngloGold Ashanti was approved for a secondary listing on A2X Markets (A2X) in South Africa and its shares were admitted to trading on A2X on 6 June 2022 under the symbol “ANG”.






9D.    SELLING SHAREHOLDERS

Not applicable.






9E.    DILUTION

Not applicable.






9F.    EXPENSES OF THE ISSUE

Not applicable.
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ITEM 10:    ADDITIONAL INFORMATION


10A.    SHARE CAPITAL

Not applicable.






10B.    MEMORANDUM OF INCORPORATION

At the last annual general meeting held on 10 June 2020,16 May 2022, AngloGold Ashanti received approval from shareholders (by way of a special resolution) to substitute clauses 9.1.1.3.2amend the MoI as follows:

1.by the deletion of the phrase “Subject to 9.4.3, this” at the beginning of clause 1.3 and 9.2.1.3.2the replacement thereof with the word “This”;
2.by the deletion of clause 9 (Rights Attaching to Preference Shares) in its entirety; and
3.by the amendment of Schedule 1 (Authorised Shares) as follows:

3.1    by the deletion of paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 of Schedule 1 in their entirety; and
3.2    by the deletion of the table at the end of Schedule 1 in its entirety and the replacement thereof with the following new clauses to enable the Companytable:

Share capitalSouth African Rands
600,000,000 ordinary shares of R0.25 each150,000,000

The reason for these amendments is to comply with the provisions of the SA Companies Act No. 71 of 2008 (as amended) (the Companies Act) and the JSE Listings Requirements in order to amendand, following the recent redemption of all of the A redeemable preference share termsshares and B redeemable preference shares of the Company, to remove all references in the MoI to the A redeemable preference shares, the B redeemable preference shares and the BC redeemable preference shares, as well as all of the provisions relating to all such redeemable preference shares, and thereby to remove all such redeemable preference shares from the authorised share terms. The approved (current) MoI is attached as an exhibit to this annual report.capital of the Company.

Registration

AngloGold Ashanti is incorporated under the company laws of the Republic of South Africa and is registered with the Companies and Intellectual Property Commission under registration number 1944/017354/06. The SA Companies Act has abolished the requirement for specific “object and purpose” provisions to be included in a memorandum of incorporation and although the MoI is silent on the matter, the company continues to carry on as its main business, gold exploration, the mining and production of gold, the manufacturing, marketing and selling of gold products and the development of markets for gold.
AngloGold Ashanti’s MoI is available for inspection as set out in “Item“Item 10H: Documents on Display” and a summary of the pertinent provisions, including the rights of the holders of shares in AngloGold Ashanti, are set out below.

This summary does not contain all the information pertaining to the rights of holders of AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the laws of South Africa and AngloGold Ashanti’s governing corporate documents. As well as being governed by the provisions of the MoI, the rights of holders of AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares are governed by the JSE Listings Requirements, the SA Companies Act and the Companies Regulations, 2011, promulgated under the SA Companies Act (Regulations)(the “Regulations”), which include the Takeover Regulations. Further, the rights of holders of AngloGold Ashanti ADSs are governed by the Deposit Agreement between AngloGold Ashanti and The Bank of New York Mellon. See “Item“Item 10C: Material Contracts-TheContracts—The Deposit Agreement”.

The SA Companies Act provides that shares will no longer have a par or nominal value and hence no new shares having a nominal or par value may be authorised. However, any shares which have a nominal or par value authorised prior to 1 May 2011 (the effective date of the SA Companies Act) continue to have that nominal or par value and can be issued as such for so long as there are par value shares in the company’s authorised share capital. Should the company wish, it may also elect to convert its authorised par value shares to shares of no par value, subject to the relevant process and approvals contemplated in the SA Companies Act.



Directors



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The management and control of any business of AngloGold Ashanti is vested in theits board of directors (board). The authority of the board to manage and direct the business and affairs of the company is not limited, restricted or qualified by the MoI.

Appointment and Retirement of Directors

The shareholders of the companyCompany have the power to elect the directors, and shareholders are also entitled to elect one or more alternate directors, in accordance with the provisions of the MoI.MoI and the SA Companies Act.

The board may appoint any person who satisfies the requirements for election as a director to fill any vacancy and serve as a director on a temporary basis until the vacancy is filled by election by shareholders entitled to exercise voting rights in such an election.

The MoI authorises the chairmanchairperson of the board, subject to the written approval of the majority of the directors, to appoint any person as a director provided that such appointment is approved by shareholders at the next shareholders’ meeting or annual general meeting.

At every annual general meeting one-third of the directors will retire by rotation, or if their number is not a multiple of three, then the number nearest to but not less than one third. The directors to retire at every annual general meeting will be those who have been the longest in office since their last election. Directors retiring by rotation are eligible for re-election. Directors who
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voluntarily decide not to make themselves available for re-election may be counted towards the one-third of directors required to retire at the relevant annual general meeting.

The MoI contains no provision for directors to hold qualification shares. The MoI does not impose an age limit for the retirement of directors.

Remuneration

In accordance with the SA Companies Act, the MoI provides that the directors are entitled to such remuneration for their services as directors as AngloGold Ashanti’s shareholders may approve by special resolution in a general meeting or annual general meeting within the previous two years of the date of payment of such remuneration. If a director is employed in any other capacity, or holds an executive office or performs services that, in the opinion of the board, are outside the scope of the ordinary duties of a director, he or she may be paid such additional remuneration as a disinterested quorum of directors may reasonably determine.

Interests of Directors and Restriction on Voting

Although the interests of directors are not dealt with in the MoI, the provisions of the SA Companies Act in this regard are unalterable and will automatically apply, together with the applicable common law rules. Under the SA Companies Act, the procedures to deal with the personal financial interests of directors also apply to prescribed officers (i.e., persons who exercise general executive control over and management of the whole, or a significant portion, of the business and activities of the company or regularly participate to a material degree in the exercise of general executive control over and management of the whole, or a significant portion, of the business and activities of the company, irrespective of the office held or function performed by such persons) and any person who is a member of a committee of the board of the company, whether or not that person is also a member of the company’s board. The SA Companies Act provides that a director or such other person with a personal financial interest must disclose this to the board and cannot vote on or, after having made the disclosures to the meeting as prescribed by the SA Companies Act, remain present during the meeting when the matter in which hehe/she has interest is being discussed but will be counted as present for the purposes of a quorum.quorum (but is not to be regarded as being present at the meeting for the purposes of determining whether a resolution has sufficient support to be adopted).

Share Rights, Preferences and Restrictions

Allotment and Issue of Ordinary Shares

Subject to the JSE Listings Requirements, the SA Companies Act and/or with approval of shareholders in a general meeting, unissued ordinary shares must be offered to existing ordinary shareholders, pro rata to their ordinary shareholdings, unless they are issued for the acquisition of assets. The shareholders in a general meeting may authorise the AngloGold Ashanti board to issue any unissued ordinary shares.





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Dividends, Rights and Distributions

The ordinary shares participate fully in all dividends, other distributions and entitlements as and when declared by AngloGold Ashanti in respect of fully paid ordinary shares. Under South African law, AngloGold Ashanti may declare and pay dividends,distributions (as defined in the SA Companies Act, which includes dividends), subject to the companyCompany satisfying the solvency and liquidity test as provided byset out in section 4 of the SA Companies Act and the board passing a resolution acknowledging that such test has been applied and has reasonably concluded that the companyCompany would satisfy such test immediately after completing the distribution. Dividends are payable to shareholders registered at a record date after the date of declaration of the dividend.

As a companyCompany incorporated and registered in the Republic of South Africa with its primary listing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, AngloGold Ashanti is required to declare dividends in South African rands. Dividends are paid in South African rands, Australian dollars, Ghanaian cedis and British pounds. Registered holders of AngloGold Ashanti ADSs are paid dividends in US dollars by The Bank of New York Mellon as depositary,Depositary, in accordance with the Deposit Agreement. See “Item“Item 10C: Material Contracts-TheContracts—The Deposit Agreement”.

The holder of the B preference shares is entitled to the right to an annual dividend amounting to the lesser of 5 percent of the issue price of the B preference shares or an amount equivalent to the balance of the after tax profits arising from income derived from mining the Moab Lease Area as determined by the directors in each financial year. The annual dividend shall be a first charge on any profit available for distribution from the Moab Lease Area but shall not be payable from any other profits of the Company.

The holder of the C preference shares is entitled to the right to an annual dividend amounting to the lesser of 5 percent of the issue price of the C preference shares or an amount equivalent to the balance of the after tax profits arising from income derived from mining the Moab Lease Area as determined by the directors in each financial year. The annual dividend shall be a first charge on any profit available for distribution from the Moab Lease Area ranking after and following payment of any annual dividend payable to the holder of the B preference shares, but shall not be payable from any other profits of the Company.

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The holder of the A preference shares is entitled to an annual dividend equivalent to the balance of the after-tax profits from income derived from mining the Moab Lease Area as determined by AngloGold Ashanti’s directors in each financial year, only once the annual dividend on the B preference shares and the C preference shares have been paid in full.

Although not stated in the MoI, but subject to the JSE Listings Requirements and the SA Companies Act, any dividend may be paid and satisfied, either wholly or in part, by the distribution of specific assets, or in paid-up securities of AngloGold Ashanti or of any other company,Company, or in cash, or in any one or more of such ways as the directors may at the time of declaring the dividend determine and direct.

All dividends remaining unclaimed for a period of not less than three years from the date on which they became payable, may, by a resolution of the directors, become forfeited for the benefit of the company.Company.

Voting Rights

Each ordinary share confers the right to vote at all general meetings. Each holder present in person or by proxy or, in the case of a corporate entity, represented, has one vote on a show of hands. If a poll is held, holders present or any duly appointed proxy will have one vote for each ordinary share held. A holder of ordinary shares is entitled to appoint a proxy to attend, speak and vote at any meeting on his or her behalf and the proxy need not be a shareholder. Holders of ADSs are not entitled to vote in person at meetings, but may vote by way of proxy through The Bank of New York Mellon as the ADS issuer. Holders of Australian Chess Depositary Interests (CDIs) and Ghanaian Depositary Shares (GhDSs) are not entitled to vote in person or by proxy at meetings, but may vote by instructing Chess Depository Nominees and NTHC Limited as depositary,Depositary, respectively, how to vote their shares.

There are no limitations on the right of non-South African registered shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights attaching to any of the ordinary shares.

The A redeemable preference shares have similar voting rights to those of ordinary shares.The B and C redeemable preference shares have voting rights only in the event that a dividend on this class of share has not been paid and remains unpaid for six months or more, or in connection with resolutions directly affecting these preference shares or in limited circumstances affecting AngloGold Ashanti as a whole, such as disposal of substantially all of the company’s assets, winding up AngloGold Ashanti or reducing the company’s share capital.

At any meeting of AngloGold Ashanti at which the holders of the ordinary shares, A redeemable preference shares, B redeemable preference shares and C redeemable preference shares are present and entitled to vote on a poll, each holder of the A redeemable preference shares shall be entitled to 50 votes for every A redeemable preference share held, each holder of the ordinary shares is entitled to 50 votes for every ordinary share held and each holder of the B redeemable preference shares and the C redeemable preference shares is entitled to one vote for every B redeemable preference share and C redeemable preference share held respectively.

The MoI specifies that the rights relating to any class of shares may be modified or abrogated with the sanction of a resolution passed as if it were a special resolution of the holders of shares in that class at a separate general meeting. The MoI also specifies that the holders of the A, B and C preference shares may provide written consents to the modification of their rights.

Increase and Reduction of Capital

The companyCompany is authorised to issue the shares specified in the MoI and all such shares are required to be issued as fully paid up in accordance with the applicable approval and/or other requirements of the SA Companies Act and the JSE Listings Requirements.

The directors are authorised, subject to any requirements of the JSE Listings Requirements, the SA Companies Act, the Regulations and the MoI, to increase or decrease the number of authorised shares of any class of shares, reclassify any shares that have been authorised but not issued, classify any unclassified shares that have been authorised but not issued, and determine the preferences, rights, limitations or other terms of any class of authorised shares or amend any preferences, rights, limitations or other terms as determined. However, such capital amendments require an amendment to be made to the MoI, theMoI. The SA Companies Act and the JSE Listings Requirements currently doesdo not allow the MoI to be amended to give effect to such capital amendments without the approval of ordinary shareholders by special resolution.

Rights Upon Liquidation

In the event of the winding up of AngloGold Ashanti:
•The A preference shares shall confer the right, on a winding-up of the company, in priority to any payment in respect of the ordinary shares in the capital of the company then issued, but after any payment in respect of the B preference shares and the C preference shares in the capital of the company then issued, to receive only so much of the net proceeds from the disposal of the assets relating to the Moab Lease Area as is then available for distribution;
•The B preference shares shall confer the right, on a winding-up of the company in priority to any payment in respect of the ordinary shares, the A preference shares and the C preference shares then in issue, to receive only so much of the net
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proceeds from the disposal of the assets relating to the Moab Lease Area as is available for distribution but not exceeding a return per B preference share of the capital paid-up thereon and any share premium paid on the issue of the B preference shares outstanding at that time;
•The C preference shares shall confer the right, on a winding-up of the company, ranking after and following payment of the holders of the B preference shares, but in priority to any payment in respect of the ordinary shares and the A preference shares in the capital of the company then issued, to receive only so much of the net proceeds from the disposal of the assets relating to the Moab Lease Area as is available for distribution but not exceeding a return per C preference share of the capital paid-up on the issue of the C preference shares outstanding at that time;
•The A, B and C preference shares shall not be entitled to any participation, on a winding-up, in any of the surplus funds of the company in any other manner arising; and
•Ashanti the ordinary shares confer the right to participate equally in any surplus arising from the liquidation of all other assets of AngloGold Ashanti.


Redemption Provisions

The A redeemable preference shares may be redeemed for their nominal value, plus a premium per share of an amount equal to the net proceeds available from the disposal of the assets relating to the Moab Lease Area, after redemption in full of the B preference shares and the C preference shares, and payment of the nominal value of the A preference shares, divided by 2,000,000.


The B redeemable preference shares may be redeemed for their nominal value, plus a premium of an amount equal to 175,096,390 divided by that number of B preference shares in issue, but limited to an amount equal to the net proceeds available from the disposal of the assets relating to the Moab Lease Area after payment of the nominal value of of the B preference shares.
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The C redeemable preference shares may be redeemed for their aggregate issue price of the said C preference shares, but shall be limited to an amount equal to the net proceeds available from the disposal of the assets relating to the Moab Lease Area and only after redemption in full of the B preference shares.

Shareholders’ meetingsMeetings

The directors may convene meetings of AngloGold Ashanti shareholders. Subject to the provisions of the SA Companies Act, the shareholders may requisition for the convening of a meeting.

Notice of each AngloGold Ashanti annual general meeting and general meeting of AngloGold Ashanti shareholders must be delivered at least 15 business days before that shareholders’ meeting is to begin. In accordance with the SA Companies Act, business days are calculated by excluding the first day, including the last day and excluding Saturdays, Sundays and any public holiday in the Republic of South Africa. In terms of the MoI, all shareholders are entitled to attend shareholders’ meetings at which they are entitled to vote.

In the case of a class meeting of the A, B or C preference shares, the sole holder of such shares shall constitute a quorum. Save as aforesaid, theThe quorum of a shareholders’ meeting is sufficient persons present, in person or by proxy, at the meeting to exercise, in aggregate, at least 25 percent of all of the voting rights that are entitled to be exercised in respect of at least one matter to be decided at the meeting and a quorum must remain present for the continuation of that shareholders meeting, provided that at least three shareholders must be present and remain at the meeting. Such quorum requirement also applies for the consideration of any matter to be decided at the meeting. If the meeting is not quorate within 30 minutes after the appointed time for the meeting to begin (or such longer or shorter period as the chairperson may determine), it will be postponed, without motion, vote or further notice, for 1 week and the shareholders present, in person or by proxy, at the postponed meeting will constitute a quorum.

For an ordinary resolution to be approved by shareholders, it must be supported by more than 50 percent of the voting rights exercised on the resolution. For a special resolution to be approved by shareholders, it must be supported by at least 75 percent of the voting rights exercised on the resolution.

Disclosure of Interest in Shares

Under South African law, a person must notify AngloGold Ashanti within three business days after that person (i) acquires a beneficial interest in sufficient securities of a class of securities issued by AngloGold Ashanti such that, as a result of the acquisition, the person holds a beneficial interest in securities amounting to five percent, ten percent, 15fifteen percent or any further whole multiple of five percent of the issued securities of that class or (ii) disposes of any beneficial interest in sufficient securities of a class of securities issued by AngloGold Ashanti such that, theas a result of the disposition, the person no longer holds a beneficial interest in securities amounting to a particular multiple of five percent of issued securities of that class. When AngloGold Ashanti has received the notice referred to above it must file a copy with the Takeover Regulation Panel and report the information to holders of the relevant class of securities unless the notice concerned is a disposition of less than one percent of the class of securities.

If the securities of AngloGold Ashanti are registered in the name of a person who is not the holder of the beneficial interest in all of the securities in AngloGold Ashanti held by that person, that registered holder of the securities must disclose the identity of the
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person on whose behalf that security is held and the identity of each person with a beneficial interest in securities so held, the number and the class of securities held for each such person with a beneficial interest and the extent of each such beneficial interest. This information must be disclosed in writing to the companyCompany within five business days after the end of every month during which a change has occurred in the information or more promptly or frequently to the extent so provided by the requirements of a Central Securities Depository. A companyCompany that knows or has reasonable cause to believe that any of its securities are held by one person for the beneficial interest of another may by notice in writing require either of those persons to confirm or deny that fact, provide particulars of the extent of the beneficial interest held during the three years preceding the date of the notice and disclose the identity of each person with a beneficial interest in the securities held by that person, which information must be provided within 10ten business days of the receipt of the notice.

AngloGold Ashanti is obligated to establish and maintain a register of the disclosures described above and to publish in its annual financial statements a list of the persons who hold beneficial interests equal to or in excess of five percent of the total number of ordinary shares issued by AngloGold Ashanti together with the extent of those beneficial interests.

Rights of Minority Shareholders

Majority shareholders of South African companies have no fiduciary obligations under South African common law to minority shareholders. However, under the SA Companies Act, a shareholder or director may, under certain circumstances, seek relief from thea court if he has been unfairly prejudiced by any act or omission of the companyCompany or a related person, by the conduct of the business of the companyCompany or a related person in a particular manner, or the exercise of the powers of the directors of the companyCompany or a related person in a particular manner. There may also be personal and derivative actions available to a shareholder of a company.Company.

Pursuant to the SA Companies Act, a shareholder may petition a South African court for relief from the actions or omissions or business conduct of the companyCompany or the actions of the company’sCompany’s directors or officers that is oppressive or unfairly prejudicial to, or unfairly disregards the interest of the shareholder. In addition, a shareholder who voted against a resolution to amend the company’sCompany’s MoI, or to approve a fundamental transaction (and complied with other requirements set out in the SA Companies



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Act) may exercise its appraisal right to demand that the companyCompany pay to it the fair value for all the shares of the companyCompany held by that shareholder.

Description of ADSs

The Bank of New York Mellon issuesregisters and delivers AngloGold Ashanti’s American Depositary Shares, or ADSs. Please see “Item“Item 10C: Material Contracts—Description of AngloGold Ashanti ADSs”.



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10C.    MATERIAL CONTRACTS

Multi-currency Revolving Credit Facility

General

On 23 October 2018, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc (AGAH)(“AGAH”) and AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited, as borrowers, entered into a five-year unsecured multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility of $1.4 billion (the “2018 multi-currency RCF”) with the Bank of Nova Scotia, as facility agent, and certain financial institutions party thereto, as lenders. The loan consisted of (i) a US dollar based facility with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above LIBOR and (ii) an Australian dollar based facility capped at A$500 million with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above BBSY. The A$500 million portion of the 2018 multi-currency RCF was used to fund the working capital and development costs associated with the Group’s mining operations within Australia without eroding the group’s headroom under its other facilities and exposing the Group to foreign exchange gains/losses each quarter. On 9 June 2022, the 2018 multi-currency RCF was repaid and cancelled, and replaced with the 2022 multi-currency RCF (as defined below).

On 9 June 2022, AGAH and AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited, as borrowers, entered into a new five-year unsecured multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility of $1.4 billion (the “2022 multi-currency RCF)RCF”) maturing in June 2027, with the option of two one-year extensions on application. The 2022 multi-currency RCF was entered into with The Bank of Nova Scotia, as facility agent, and certain financial institutions party thereto, as lenders. The loan2022 multi-currency RCF consists of (i) a US dollar based facility (base currency) and (ii) an Australian dollar based facility capped at A$500 million which will be used to fund the working capital and development costs associated with the group’sgroup's mining operations within Australia (without eroding the group’sgroup's headroom under its other facilities and exposing the group to foreign exchange gains/losses each quarter). As of 19 March 2021, the $1.4 billionThe 2022 multi-currency RCF was undrawn.entered into on substantially similar terms to the 2018 multi-currency RCF, save in respect of the basis for the US dollar interest rate which transitioned from LIBOR to Compounded SOFR. As of 10 March 2023, the equivalent of $37 million was drawn under the AUD portion of the 2022 multi-currency RCF.

Guarantees

The $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF is guaranteed by AGAH and AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited. The guarantees constitute unconditional obligations of the guarantors and rank at least pari passu with all other future unsecured obligations of the guarantors, except for obligations mandatorily preferred by law.

Security

Save as set out under the heading “—“—Guarantees” above, the obligations under $1.4 billionthe 2022 multi-currency RCF are unsecured.

Amount and repayment of borrowings

Loans under the $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF must be for a minimum of $10 million, if the currency selected is the base currency (US dollar), or a minimum of A$10 million (or for the balance of the undrawn total commitments at the time of the drawing), if the currency selected is Australian dollars. No more than 14 loans may be outstanding at any time. Each loan must be repaid on the maturity date in the same currency as the maturing loan. All loans must be repaid in full on the final maturity date. The $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF matures in October 2023.June 2027, with the option of two one-year extensions on application.

Interest rates and fees

The annual interest rate on loans drawn under the $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF is calculated based on LIBOR,Compounded SOFR in the case of loans drawn in US dollars and BBSY in the case of loans drawn in Australian dollars, in each case plus ana margin. The initial margin ofis 1.45 percent per annum, that variesbut may vary between 0.950.90 percent and 2.15 percent per annum depending on the long-term debt rating of AGAH, and in relation to any Loan in Australian Dollars, BBSY, and certain mandatory costs.AGAH. The applicable margin is subject to a ratings grid. In this regard, the interest margin will reduce shouldif the group’sgroup's credit rating improveimproves from its current BB+/Baa3 status and shouldwill increase if its credit rating worsens. Interest on loanseach loan is payable on the last day of the relevant loan’s interest period and, if the interest period exceeds six months, on the dates falling at six-monthly intervals after the first day of the loan was made.interest period.

The borrowers under the $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF are required to pay a commitment fee in the base currency equal to 35 percent of the then applicable margin per annum on the undrawn and uncancelled amount of each lender’s commitment during the commitment period. The borrowers are also required to pay a utilisation fee of 0.10 percent per annum (if the aggregate outstanding loans are less than one third of the total commitments then in effect), 0.20 percent per annum (if the aggregate outstanding loans are equal to or greater than one third but less than two thirdstwo-thirds of the total commitments then in effect) or 0.40 percent per annum (if the aggregate outstanding loans are equal to or greater than two thirdstwo-thirds of the total commitments then in effect).

Financial covenant




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The $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF includes a financial maintenance covenant which requires that the ratio of Total Net Financial Indebtedness to EBITDA (as such terms are defined in the revolving credit agreement) does not at any time exceed 3.50 to 1.00, with the proviso that this ratio may exceed 3.50 to 1.00 once during the life of the revolving credit agreement, for one six-month period subject to certain criteria. Refer to “Item“Item 18: Financial Statements-Note 36-CapitalStatements—Note 34—Capital Management” for the formulae used in the revolving credit agreement to test compliance with the covenants.

Change of control

If a lender so requires, the commitment of such lender under the $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF will be cancelled and the participation of such lender in all outstanding loans, together with accrued interest and all other amounts accrued, will become immediately due and payable in case any person or group of persons acting in concert becomes (directly or indirectly) the beneficial owner of more than 50 percent of the issued share capital of AngloGold Ashanti Limited.Limited or (as applicable) an eligible successor holding company of AGAH.


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Undertakings

The $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF contains a negative pledge covenant, including restrictions on the granting of security, a change of business of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and its subsidiaries, acquisitions or participations in joint ventures and mergers and disposals.

The $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF also contains, among other things, the following affirmative covenants: mandatory periodic reporting of financial and other information, notice upon the occurrence of events of default and certain other events, compliance with environmental laws and other obligations requiring each of AGAH and its subsidiaries to maintain its corporate existence and qualifications to conduct its business as currently conducted in all applicable jurisdictions and to maintain insurance coverage. The covenants are subject to exceptions and materiality thresholds.

Events of default

The $1.4 billion2022 multi-currency RCF contains events of default including failure to make payment of amounts due, breach of obligations under the loan documents, defaults under other agreements evidencing indebtedness, certain bankruptcy events and a cessation of business failure of any of the borrowers to be a wholly-owned subsidiary of AGAH and the occurrence of a material adverse change in the business and financial condition of the borrowers and guarantors under the revolving credit agreement, or AngloGold Ashanti and its subsidiaries as a whole, or in the ability of the borrowers and guarantors to perform their payment obligations under the loan documents. The occurrence of an event of default could result in the immediate and automatic cancellation of all commitments and the acceleration of all payment obligations under the revolving credit agreement2022 multi-currency RCF and the other loan documents.

The above description is only a summary of certain provisions of the revolving credit agreement2022 multi-currency RCF and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the provisions of the revolving credit agreement,2022 multi-currency RCF, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 19.4.4.1 and is incorporated herein by reference.

Bridge Facility

On 28 April 2020, AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc (AGAH), as borrower, entered into a US$1.0 billion unsecured bridge facility agreement with a syndicate of lenders, guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited. The bridge facility was for a term of 364 days which could be extended for a further six months with consent of the lenders. Amounts outstanding under the bridge facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin that increased over time. The bridge facility contained certain restrictive and affirmative covenants, events of default as well as a financial maintenance covenant. The lenders under the bridge facility were required to fund only if our $1.4 billion multi-currency RCF was drawn by at least $1.39 billion. The bridge facility agreement also contained a mandatory prepayment and cancellation clause. In particular, commitments under the bridge facility were automatically cancelled upon, among other matters, the incurrence of certain indebtedness (including the offering of the 2020 Notes as described below) and the consummation of certain disposals (including, for example, the disposal of our South African operations). The bridge facility, which remained undrawn, was cancelled on 1 October 2020.

The above description is only a summary of certain provisions of the bridge facility agreement and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the provisions of the cancelled bridge facility agreement.

Notes

Each of the series of notes described below were issued under the indenture, dated as of 28 April 2010, among AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc (AGAH)(“AGAH”), as issuer, AngloGold Ashanti Limited, as guarantor, and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee (the Indenture)“Indenture”). The below descriptions are only a summary of certain provisions of those series of notes and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the provisions of the Indenture and such relevant series of notes, a copy of each – in respect of the outstanding series of notes – is attached hereto as Exhibits 19.2.1, 19.2.2, 19.2.3, 19.2.4 and 19.2.419.2.5 and is incorporated herein by reference.

20202028 Notes

On 22 October 2021, AGAH issued $750 million 3.375 percent Notes due 2028 (the “2028 notes”). The interest on the 2028 notes is payable semi-annually on 1 May and 1 November of each year, commencing on 1 May 2022. AGAH may on any one or more occasions redeem all or part of the 2028 notes, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (1) 100 percent of the principal amount of the 2028 notes to be redeemed and (2) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the 2028 notes (excluding any portion of such payments of interest accrued or unpaid as of the date of redemption) discounted to the redemption date on a semiannual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the treasury rate, plus 30 basis points, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. AGAH has agreed to pay certain additional amounts in respect of any withholdings or deductions for certain types of taxes in certain jurisdictions on payments to holders of the 2028 notes. The 2028 notes are unsecured and unsubordinated and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Limited.

AGAH has agreed to observe certain covenants with respect to the 2028 notes restricting, subject to certain limitations, the ability of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and AGAH to amalgamate, reconstruct, consolidate or merge with another company or other legal entity, and the ability of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and its restricted subsidiaries to pledge their assets to secure certain borrowings, create or incur liens on certain of their property or to engage in sale and leaseback transactions. In case of a change



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of control of the guarantor and a downgrade, within a specified period, of the 2028 notes by three rating agencies, holders of the 2028 notes have the right to require the issuer to repurchase all or any part of their 2028 notes in cash for a value equal to 101 percent of the aggregate principal amount of 2028 notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the 2028 notes repurchased to the date of repurchase.

The offering of the 2028 notes was registered under the Securities Act. The 2028 notes were listed on the New York Stock Exchange.


2030 Notes

On 1 October 2020, AGAH issued $700 million 3.750 percent Notes due 2030 (the 2020 Notes)“2030 notes”). The interest on the 2020 Notes2030 notes is payable semi-annually on 1 April and 1 October of each year, commencing on 1 April 2021. AGAH may on any one or more occasions redeem all or part of the 2020 Notes,2030 notes, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (1) 100 percent of the principal amount of the 2020 Notes2030 notes to be redeemed and (2) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the 2020 Notes2030 notes (excluding any portion of such payments of interest accrued or unpaid as of the date of redemption) discounted to the redemption date on a semiannual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the treasury rate, plus 50 basis points, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. AGAH has agreed to pay certain additional amounts in respect of any withholdings or deductions for certain types of taxes in certain jurisdictions on payments to holders of the 2020 Notes.2030 notes. The 2020 Notes2030 notes are unsecured and unsubordinated and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Limited.

AGAH has agreed to observe certain covenants with respect to the 2020 Notes restricting, subject to certain limitations, the ability of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and AGAH to amalgamate, reconstruct, consolidate or merge with another company or other
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legal entity, and the ability of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and its restricted subsidiaries to pledge their assets to secure certain borrowings, create or incur liens on certain of their property or to engage in sale and leaseback transactions. In case of a change of control of the guarantor and a downgrade, within a specified period, of the 2020 Notes by three rating agencies, holders of the 2020 Notes have the right to require the issuer to repurchase all or any part of their 2020 Notes in cash for a value equal to 101 percent of the aggregate principal amount of 2020 Notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the 2020 Notes repurchased to the date of repurchase.

The offering of the 2020 Notes was registered under the Securities Act. The 2020 Notes were listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

2012 Notes

On 30 July 2012, AGAH issued $750 million 5.125 percent Notes due 2022 (the 2012 Notes). The interest on the 2012 Notes is payable semi-annually on 1 February and 1 August of each year, commencing on 1 February, 2013. AGAH may on any one or more occasions redeem all or part of the 2012 Notes, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (1) 100 percent of the principal amount of the 2012 Notes to be redeemed and (2) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the 2012 Notes (excluding any portion of such payments of interest accrued or unpaid as of the date of redemption) discounted to the redemption date on a semiannual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the treasury rate, plus 50 basis points, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. AGAH has agreed to pay certain additional amounts in respect of any withholdings or deductions for certain types of taxes in certain jurisdictions on payments to holders of the 2012 Notes. The 2012 Notes are unsecured and unsubordinated and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Limited.

AGAH has agreed to observe certain covenants with respect to the 2012 Notes2030 notes restricting, subject to certain limitations, the ability of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and AGAH to amalgamate, reconstruct, consolidate or merge with another company or other legal entity, and the ability of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and its restricted subsidiaries to pledge their assets to secure certain borrowings, create or incur liens on certain of their property or to engage in sale and leaseback transactions. In case of a change of control of the guarantor and a downgrade, within a specified period, of the 2012 Notes below an investment grade rating2030 notes by twothree rating agencies, holders of the 2012 Notes2030 notes have the right to require the issuer to repurchase all or any part of their 2012 Notes2030 notes in cash for a value equal to 101 percent of the aggregate principal amount of 2012 Notes2030 notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the 2030 notes repurchased to the date of repurchase.

The offering of the 2030 notes was registered under the Securities Act. The 2030 notes were listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

2022 Notes

On 30 July 2012, AGAH issued $750 million 5.125 percent Notes due 2022 (the “2022 notes”). The interest on the 2022 notes was payable semi-annually on 1 February and 1 August of each year, commencing on 1 February, 2013. AGAH was permitted on any one or more occasions to redeem all or part of the 2022 notes, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (1) 100 percent of the principal amount of the 2022 notes to be redeemed and (2) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the 2022 notes (excluding any portion of such payments of interest accrued or unpaid as of the date of redemption) discounted to the redemption date on a semiannual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the treasury rate, plus 50 basis points, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. AGAH had agreed to pay certain additional amounts in respect of any withholdings or deductions for certain types of taxes in certain jurisdictions on payments to holders of the 2022 notes. The 2022 notes were unsecured and unsubordinated and were fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Limited.

AGAH had agreed to observe certain covenants with respect to the 2022 notes restricting, subject to certain limitations, the ability of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and AGAH to amalgamate, reconstruct, consolidate or merge with another company or other legal entity, and the ability of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and its restricted subsidiaries to pledge their assets to secure certain borrowings, create or incur liens on certain of their property or to engage in sale and leaseback transactions. In case of a change of control of the guarantor and a downgrade, within a specified period, of the 2022 notes below an investment grade rating by two rating agencies, holders of the 2022 notes had the right to require the issuer to repurchase all or any part of their 2022 notes in cash for a value equal to 101 percent of the aggregate principal amount of 2022 notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the 2022 notes repurchased to the date of purchase.

The offering of the 2012 Notes2022 notes was registered under the Securities Act. The 2012 Notes2022 notes were listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

2010The 2022 notes were redeemed in October and November 2021 and are no longer outstanding.

2020 Notes and 2040 Notes

On 28 April 2010, AGAH issued $700 million 5.375 percent Notes due 2020 (the “2020 notes”) and $300 million 6.500 percent Notes due 2040 (together,(the “2040 notes” and together with the 2010 Notes)2020 notes, the “2010 notes”). The interest on the 2010 Notesnotes is payable



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semi-annually on 15 April and 15 October of each year, commencing on 15 October 2010. AGAH may on any one or more occasions redeem all or part of the 2010 Notes,notes, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (1) 100 percent of the principal amount of the 2010 Notesnotes to be redeemed and (2) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the 2010 Notesnotes (excluding any portion of such payments of interest accrued or unpaid as of the date of redemption) discounted to the redemption date on a semiannual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the treasury rate, plus 25 basis points with respect to the 2010 Notes maturing in 2020 notes and 30 basis points with respect to the 2010 Notes maturing in 2040 notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. AGAH has agreed to pay certain additional amounts in respect of any withholdings or deductions for certain types of taxes in certain jurisdictions on payments to holders of the 2010 Notes.notes. The 2010 Notesnotes are unsecured and unsubordinated and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Limited.

AGAH has agreed to observe certain covenants with respect to the 2010 Notesnotes restricting, subject to certain limitations, the ability of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and AGAH to amalgamate, reconstruct, consolidate or merge with another company or other legal entity, and the ability of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and its restricted subsidiaries to pledge their assets to secure certain borrowings, create or incur liens on certain of their property or to engage in sale and leaseback transactions. In case of a change of control of the guarantor and a downgrade, within a specified period, of a series of 2010 Notesnotes below an investment grade rating by two rating agencies, holders of the 2010 Notesnotes have the right to require the issuer to repurchase all or any part of their 2010 Notesnotes in cash for a value equal to 101 percent of the aggregate principal amount of 2010 Notesnotes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the 2010 Notesnotes repurchased to the date of purchase.

The offering of the 2010 Notesnotes was registered under the Securities Act. The 2010 Notesnotes were listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

The $700 million 5.375 percent Notes due 2020 notes were repaid at maturity on 15 April 2020 and are no longer outstanding.

For further information, see “Note 26: Borrowings” to our Annual“Item 18: Financial Statements included in Statements—Note 24—Borrowings”,“Item 18 of this Annual Report, “Item 5B: Liquidity and Capital Resources” and “Item“Item 19: Exhibits to Form 20-F”.

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Description of AngloGold Ashanti ADSs

The Bank of New York Mellon issuesregisters and delivers AngloGold Ashanti’s American Depositary Shares, or ADSs. Each ADS represents the ownership interest of one ordinary share of AngloGold Ashanti.

The Deposit Agreement

This section provides a summary description of AngloGold Ashanti’s ADSs.

AngloGold Ashanti has entered into an Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement dated 3 June 2008 with The Bank of New York Mellon as depositaryDepositary and the owners and beneficial owners of American Depositary Receipts (Deposit Agreement)(the “Deposit Agreement”).

The following is a summary of the material provisions of the Deposit Agreement. For more complete information, read the entire Deposit Agreement and the Form of American Depositary Receipt, which AngloGold Ashanti has filed with the SEC as an exhibit to AngloGold Ashanti’s registration statements on Form F-6 (Registration No.Nos. 333-133049 and No. 333-159248) on 27 May 2008 and 14 May 2009, respectively. A copy thereof is also attached hereto as Exhibit 19.2.6 and is incorporated herein by reference. See “Item“Item 10H: Documents on Display”. Copies of the Deposit Agreement are also available for inspection at the Corporate Trust Office of The Bank of New York Mellon currently located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286.

Description of the ADSs

The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary,Depositary, registers and delivers ADSs. Each ADS represents one ordinary share (or a right to receive one share) deposited with Standard Bank of South Africa Limited FirstRand Bank Limited or HSBC Bank Australia Limited, each as a custodian for The Bank of New York Mellon, and allboth of which are referred to collectively as “the Custodian”the “Custodian”. Each ADS also represents any other securities, cash or other property which may be held by The Bank of New York Mellon. The Bank of New York Mellon’s Corporate Trust Office at which the ADSs are administered is located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286. The Bank of New York Mellon’s principal executive office is also located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286.

ADSs may be held either (A) directly (i) by having an American Depositary Receipt, also referred to as an ADR, which is a certificate evidencing a specific number of ADSs, registered in the holder’s name, or (ii) by having ADSs registered in a holder’s name in the Direct Registration System, or (B) indirectly by holding a security entitlement in ADSs through a broker or other financial institution. If ADSs are held directly, such holders are ADS holders. This description applies to AngloGold Ashanti’s ADS holders. If ADSs are held indirectly, such holders must rely on the procedures of their broker or other financial institution to assert the rights of ADS registered holders described in this section. Such holders should consult with their broker or financial institution to find out what those procedures are.

The Direct Registration System, or DRS, is a system administered by DTC pursuant to which the depositaryDepositary may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership will be evidenced by periodic statements sent by the depositaryDepositary to the registered holders of uncertificated ADSs.




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AngloGold Ashanti does not treat ADS holders as its shareholders and ADS holders do not have shareholder rights. South African law governs shareholder rights. The Bank of New York Mellon is the holder of the shares underlying the ADSs. Registered holders of ADSs have ADS holder rights. The Deposit Agreement sets out ADS holder rights as well as the rights and obligations of The Bank of New York Mellon. New York law governs the Deposit Agreement and the ADSs.

Dividends and Other Distributions

The Bank of New York Mellon has agreed to pay to holders of ADSs the cash dividends or other distributions it or a Custodian receives on AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares or other deposited securities after deducting any fees and expenses and any applicable withholding taxes. Holders of ADSs will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares that their ADSs represent.

Cash

The Bank of New York Mellon will convert any cash dividend or other cash distribution (in South African rands) that AngloGold Ashanti pays on ordinary shares into US dollars (unless AngloGold Ashanti pays such dividend or cash distribution in US dollars) and distribute to registered holders of ADSs. If that is no longer possible or if any approval from any government is needed and cannot be obtained, The Bank of New York Mellon may distribute non-US currency only to those ADS holders to whom it is possible to make this type of distribution.

The Bank of New York Mellon may hold the non-US currency it cannot convert for the account of holders of ADSs who for one reason or the other have not been paid. It will not invest the non-US currency, and it will not be liable for interest on such amounts. Before making a distribution, any withholding taxes that must be paid will be deducted. See “Payment“—Payment of Taxes” below. The Bank of New York Mellon will distribute only whole US dollars and cents and will round fractional cents to the nearest whole
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cent. If the exchange rates fluctuate during a time when The Bank of New York Mellon cannot convert the non-US currency, holders of ADSs may lose some or all of the value of the distribution.

Ordinary Shares

The Bank of New York Mellon may distribute to holders of ADSs additional ADSs representing ordinary shares that AngloGold Ashanti distributes as a dividend or free distribution, if AngloGold Ashanti provides it promptly with satisfactory evidence that it is legal to do so. If The Bank of New York Mellon does not distribute additional ADSs, the outstanding ADSs will also represent the newly distributed AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares. The Bank of New York Mellon will only distribute whole ADSs. It will sell AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares that would require it to deliver a fraction of an ADS and distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it distributes cash. The Bank of New York Mellon may sell a portion of the distributed shares sufficient to pay its fees and expenses in connection with that distribution.

Rights to Subscribe for Additional Ordinary Shares

If AngloGold Ashanti offers holders of its ordinary shares any rights to subscribe for additional AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares or any other rights, The Bank of New York Mellon, after consultation with AngloGold Ashanti, may make these rights available to holders of ADSs or sell the rights and distribute the proceeds in the same way as it distributes cash. If The Bank of New York Mellon cannot do either of these things for any reason, it may allow these rights to lapse. In that case, holders of ADSs will receive no value for them.

If The Bank of New York Mellon makes these types of subscription rights available to holders of ADS, upon instruction from holders of ADSs, it will exercise the rights and purchase AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares on their behalf. The Bank of New York Mellon will then deposit the AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares and deliver ADSs to the holders of ADSs. It will only exercise these rights if holders of ADSs pay it the exercise price and any other charges the rights require them to pay.

US securities laws may restrict the sale, deposit, cancellation and transfer of the ADSs issued after exercise of rights. For example, holders of ADSs may not be able to trade the ADSs freely in the United States. In this case, The Bank of New York Mellon may deliver ADSs which are "restricted securities"“restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144 which will have the same provisions as the ADSs described here, except for the changes needed to put the restrictions in place.

Other Distributions

The Bank of New York Mellon will send to holders of ADSs any other distributions that AngloGold Ashanti makes on deposited securities by any means it thinks is legal, fair and practical. If it cannot make the distribution in that way, The Bank of New York Mellon may decide to sell what AngloGold Ashanti distributes, and then distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it distributes cash, or it may decide to hold what AngloGold Ashanti distributes, in which case the outstanding ADSs will also represent the newly distributed property. However, The Bank of New York Mellon is not required to distribute any securities (other than ADSs) to ADS holders unless it receives satisfactory evidence from AngloGold Ashanti that it is legal to make that distribution. The Bank of New York Mellon may sell a portion of the distributed securities or property sufficient to pay its fees and expenses in connection with that distribution.




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The Bank of New York Mellon is not responsible if, based on available information, it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any ADS holders. AngloGold Ashanti has no obligation to register ADSs, AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares, rights or other securities under the US Securities Act of 1933.Act. AngloGold Ashanti also has no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of ADSs, AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares, or any other rights to ADS holders. This means that the holders of ADSs may not receive the distribution AngloGold Ashanti makes on its ordinary shares or any value for them if it is illegal or impracticable for AngloGold Ashanti to make them available to the holders of ADSs.

Deposit, Withdrawal and Cancellation

The Bank of New York Mellon will deliver ADSs if a holder of AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares or its broker deposits AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares or evidence of rights to receive ordinary shares with the Custodian. Upon payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, The Bank of New York Mellon will register the appropriate number of ADSs in the names such holder of AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares requests and will deliver the ADSs at its Corporate Trust Office to the persons such holders request.

Holders of ADSs may turn in their ADSs at The Bank of New York Mellon’s Corporate Trust Office. Upon payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, The Bank of New York Mellon will deliver (1) the underlying ordinary shares to an account designated by the relevant holder of ADSs and (2) any other deposited securities underlying the ADSs at the office of the Custodian, or, at the request, risk and expense of ADS holders, The Bank of New York Mellon will deliver the deposited securities at its Corporate Trust Office.


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Interchange Between Certificated ADSs and Uncertificated ADSs

ADS registered holders may surrender their ADS to The Bank of New York Mellon for the purpose of exchanging such ADS for uncertificated ADSs. The Bank of New York Mellon will cancel that ADS and will send to the ADS registered holder a statement confirming that the ADS registered holder is the registered holder of uncertificated ADSs. Alternatively, upon receipt by The Bank of New York Mellon of a proper instruction from a registered holder of uncertificated ADSs requesting the exchange of uncertificated ADSs for certificated ADSs, The Bank of New York Mellon will execute and deliver to the ADS registered holder an ADS evidencing those ADSs.

Voting Rights

ADS registered holders may instruct The Bank of New York Mellon to vote the number of deposited shares their ADSs represent. The Bank of New York Mellon will notify ADS registered holders of shareholders’ meetings and arrange to deliver AngloGold Ashanti’s voting materials to them if AngloGold Ashanti asks it to. Those materials will describe the matters to be voted on and explain how ADS registered holders may instruct The Bank of New York Mellon how to vote. For instructions to be valid, they must reach The Bank of New York Mellon by a date set by The Bank of New York Mellon.

Otherwise, ADS registered holders will not be able to exercise their right to vote unless they withdraw the shares. However, ADS registered holders may not know about the meeting sufficiently in advance to withdraw the shares.

The Bank of New York Mellon will try, as far as practicable, to vote or to have its agents vote the ordinary shares or other deposited securities as holders of ADSs instruct, but this is subject to South African law, the provisions of AngloGold Ashanti’s MoI and of the deposited securities and any applicable rule of the JSE. The Bank of New York Mellon will only vote or attempt to vote as such holders of ADSs instruct.

AngloGold Ashanti cannot assure the holders of ADSs that they will receive the voting materials in time for them to instruct The Bank of New York Mellon to vote their ordinary shares. In addition, The Bank of New York Mellon and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that holders of ADSs may not be able to exercise their right to vote and there may be nothing they can do if their ordinary shares are not voted as they requested.





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Fees and Expenses
ADS holders must pay:For:
$5.00 (or less) per 100 ADSsEach issuance of an ADS, including as a result of a distribution of AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares or rights or other property

Each cancellation of an ADS, including if the Deposit Agreement terminates
$0.02 (or less) per ADSAny cash payment
Registration or transfer feesTransfer and registration of AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares on the AngloGold Ashanti share register to or from the name of The Bank of New York Mellon or its agent when AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares are deposited or withdrawn
$0.02 (or less) per ADS per yearDepositary services
Expenses of The Bank of New York MellonConversion of non-US currency to US dollars

Cable, telex and facsimile transmission expenses

Servicing the deposited securities
Taxes and other governmental charges that The Bank of New York Mellon or any Custodian has to pay on any ADS or AngloGold Ashanti ordinary share underlying an ADS,ADS; for example, stock transfer taxes, stamp duty or withholding taxesAs necessary
A fee equivalent to the fee that would have been payable if the securities distributed had been ordinary shares deposited for issuance of ADSsDistribution of securities distributed to holders of deposited securities that are distributed by The Bank of New York Mellon to ADS holders


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Payment of Taxes

Holders of ADSs will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable on their ADSs or on the deposited securities underlying their ADSs. The Bank of New York Mellon may refuse to transfer their ADSs or allow them to withdraw the deposited securities underlying their ADSs until such taxes or other charges are paid. It may apply payments owed to holders of ADSs or sell deposited securities underlying their ADSs to pay any taxes they owe, and they will remain liable for any deficiency. If The Bank of New York Mellon sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of ADSs to reflect the sale and pay to holders of ADSs any proceeds, or send to them any property remaining after it has paid the taxes.

Reclassifications
If AngloGold Ashanti:Then:
Reclassifies, splits up or consolidates any of the deposited securities;

The cash, ordinary shares or other securities received by The Bank of New York Mellon will become deposited securities. Each ADS will automatically represent its equal share of the new deposited securities.
Distributes securities on the ordinary shares that are not distributed to holders of ADSs; or

Recapitalises, reorganises, merges, liquidates, sells all or substantially all of AngloGold Ashanti’s assets, or takes any similar action.		The Bank of New York Mellon may, and will if AngloGold Ashanti asks it to, distribute some or all of the cash, AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares or other securities it receives. It may also issue new ADSs or ask holders of ADSs to surrender their outstanding ADSs in exchange for new ADSs identifying the new deposited securities.

Amendment and Termination

AngloGold Ashanti may, for any reason, agree with The Bank of New York Mellon to amend the Deposit Agreement and the ADSs without the consent of holders. If the amendment increases fees or charges (except for taxes and other governmental charges or registration fees, cable, telex or facsimile transmission costs, delivery costs or other such expenses) or if the amendment prejudices an important right of ADS holders, it will only become effective 30 days after The Bank of New York Mellon notifies holders of ADSs of the amendment. At the time an amendment becomes effective, holders of ADSs are considered, by continuing to hold their ADSs, to agree to the amendment and to be bound by the ADSs and the agreement as amended.

The Bank of New York Mellon may terminate the Deposit Agreement by mailing notice of termination to ADS holders at least 30 days prior to the date fixed in the notice if AngloGold Ashanti asks it to do so. The Bank of New York Mellon may also terminate the Deposit Agreement if The Bank of New York Mellon has told AngloGold Ashanti that it would like to resign and AngloGold Ashanti has not appointed a new depositaryDepositary bank within 90 days. In both cases, The Bank of New York Mellon must notify holders of AngloGold Ashanti ADSs at least 30 days before termination.

After termination, The Bank of New York Mellon and its agents will be required to do only the following under the Deposit Agreement: collect distributions on the deposited securities, sell rights, and, upon surrender of ADSs, deliver AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares and other deposited securities. Four months after the date of termination or later, The Bank of New York Mellon may sell any remaining deposited securities by public or private sale and will hold the proceeds of the sale, as well as any other cash it is holding under the Deposit Agreement, for the pro rata benefit of the ADS holders who have not surrendered their ADSs. It will not invest the money and will have no liability for interest. The Bank of New York Mellon’s only obligations will be to account for the proceeds of the sale and other cash. After termination, AngloGold Ashanti’s only obligations will be with respect to indemnification of, and payment of certain amounts to, The Bank of New York Mellon.

Limitations on Obligations and Liability to ADS Holders

The Deposit Agreement expressly limits AngloGold Ashanti’s obligations and the obligations of The Bank of New York Mellon, and limits AngloGold Ashanti’s liability and the liability of The Bank of New York Mellon. AngloGold Ashanti and The Bank of New York Mellon:
•are only obligated to take the actions specifically set forth in the Deposit Agreement without negligence or bad faith;
•are not liable if either of AngloGold Ashanti or The Bank of New York Mellon is prevented or delayed by law or circumstances beyond their control from performing their obligations under the Deposit Agreement;
•are not liable if either of AngloGold Ashanti or The Bank of New York Mellon exercises discretion permitted under the Deposit Agreement;
•are not liable for the inability of any holder of ADSs to benefit from any distribution on deposited securities that is not made available to holders of ADSs under the terms of the Deposit Agreement, or for any special, consequential or punitive damages for any breach of the terms of the Deposit Agreement;
•have no obligation to become involved in a lawsuit or other proceeding related to the ADSs or the Deposit Agreement on behalf of the holders of ADSs or on behalf of any other party;



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•may rely on advice of or information from legal counsel, accountants, and any persons presenting AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares for deposit, any registered holder or any other person believed by AngloGold Ashanti in good faith to be competent to give such advice or information; and
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•pursuant to the Deposit Agreement, agree to indemnify each other under certain circumstances.

Requirements for Depositary Action

Before The Bank of New York Mellon will issue, transfer or register the transfer of an ADS, make a distribution on an ADS, or allow withdrawal of AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares, The Bank of New York Mellon may require:
•payment of stock transfer or other taxes or other governmental charges and transfer or registration fees charged by third parties for the transfer of any ordinary shares or other deposited securities;
•production of satisfactory proof of the identity and genuineness of any signature or other information it deems necessary; and
•compliance with regulations it may establish, from time to time, consistent with the Deposit Agreement, including presentation of transfer documents.

The Bank of New York Mellon may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of ADSs generally when the books of The Bank of New York Mellon or AngloGold Ashanti are closed, or at any time if either AngloGold Ashanti or The Bank of New York Mellon thinks it advisable to do so.

Holders of ADSs have the right to cancel their ADSs and withdraw the underlying ordinary shares at any time except:
•when temporary delays arise because: (1) either AngloGold Ashanti or The Bank of New York Mellon have closed AngloGold Ashanti’s transfer books; (2) the transfer of the ordinary shares is blocked in connection with voting at a general meeting of shareholders; or (3) AngloGold Ashanti is paying a dividend on the ordinary shares;
•when ADS holders seeking to withdraw the ordinary shares are liable for unpaid fees, taxes and similar charges; or
•when it is necessary to prohibit withdrawals in order to comply with any laws or governmental regulations that apply to ADSs or to the withdrawal of the ordinary shares or other deposited securities.

This right of withdrawal may not be limited by any other provision of the Deposit Agreement.

Pre-release of ADSs

In certain circumstances, subject to the provisions of the Deposit Agreement, The Bank of New York Mellon may deliver ADSs before deposit of the underlying ordinary shares. This is called a pre-release of the ADS.ADSs.

The Bank of New York Mellon may also deliver AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares upon cancellation of pre-released ADSs (even if the ADSs are cancelled before the pre-release transaction has been closed out). A pre-release is closed out as soon as the underlying AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares are delivered to The Bank of New York Mellon. The Bank of New York Mellon may receive ADSs instead of ordinary shares to close out a pre-release.

The Bank of New York Mellon may pre-release ADSs only under the following conditions:
•before or at the time of the pre-release, the person to whom the pre-release is being made must represent to The Bank of New York Mellon in writing that it or its customer: (a) owns the ordinary shares or ADSs to be remitted, (b) assigns all beneficial rights, title and interest in such ADSs or ordinary shares, as the case may be, to The Bank of New York Mellon in its capacity as the depositaryDepositary and for the benefit of the ADS holders, and (c) will not take any action with respect to such ADSs or ordinary shares, as the case may be, that is consistent with the transfer of beneficial ownership (including, without the consent of The Bank of New York Mellon, disposing of such ADSs or ordinary shares, as the case may be) other than satisfaction of such pre-release;
•the pre-release must be fully collateralizedcollateralised with cash, US government securities, or other collateral that The Bank of New York Mellon considers appropriate; and
•The Bank of New York Mellon must be able to close out the pre-release on not more than five business days’ notice. Each pre-release will be subject to any further indemnities and credit regulations that The Bank of New York Mellon deems appropriate. The Bank of New York Mellon will normally limit the number of AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares not deposited but represented by ADSs outstanding at any time as a result of pre-release so that they do not exceed 30 percent of the ordinary shares deposited, although The Bank of New York Mellon may disregard this limit from time to time, if it thinks it is appropriate to do so.

Direct Registration System

In the Deposit Agreement, all parties to the Deposit Agreement acknowledge that the DRS and Profile Modification System, or Profile, will apply to uncertificated ADSs upon acceptance thereof to DRS by The Depository Trust Company, also referred to as DTC. DRS is the system administered by DTC pursuant to which the depositaryDepositary may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership will be evidenced by periodic statements sent by the depositaryDepositary to the registered holders of uncertificated ADSs. Profile is a required feature of DRS which allows a DTC participant, claiming to act on behalf of a registered holder of ADSs, to direct the depositaryDepositary to register a transfer of those ADSs to DTC or its nominee and to deliver those ADSs to



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the DTC account of that DTC participant without receipt by the depositaryDepositary of prior authorizationauthorisation from the ADS registered holder to register that transfer.

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In connection with and in accordance with the arrangements and procedures relating to DRS/Profile, the parties to the Deposit Agreement understand that The Bank of New York Mellon will not verify, determine or otherwise ascertain that the DTC participant which is claiming to be acting on behalf of an ADS holder in requesting registration of transfer and delivery described in the paragraph above has the actual authority to act on behalf of the ADS holder (notwithstanding any requirements under the Uniform Commercial Code). In the Deposit Agreement, the parties agree that The Bank of New York Mellon’s reliance on and compliance with instructions received by The Bank of New York Mellon through the DRS/Profile System and in accordance with the Deposit Agreement will not constitute negligence or bad faith on the part of The Bank of New York Mellon.

Shareholder Communications: Inspection of Register of Holders of ADSs

The Bank of New York Mellon will make available for inspection at its office all communications that it receives from AngloGold Ashanti as a holder of deposited securities that AngloGold Ashanti makes generally available to holders of deposited securities. The Bank of New York Mellon sendswill send copies of those communications if requested by AngloGold Ashanti. ADS holders have a right to inspect the register of holders of ADSs, but not for the purpose of contacting those holders about a matter unrelated to AngloGold Ashanti’s business or the ADSs.

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10D.    Exchange controls

Exchange controls and other limitations affecting security holders

The following is a general outline of South African exchange controls and such outline may not apply to former residents of South Africa. Investors should consult a professional advisor as to the exchange control implications of their particular investments.

South African law provides for exchange control regulations, which restrict the export of capital from South Africa. Exchange controls are administered by the Financial Surveillance Department of the South African Reserve Bank (SARB), in terms of the Exchange Control Regulations, and regulate transactions involving South African residents and non-residents, with the exception of transactions between South African residents and residents of the Common Monetary Area, which comprises the Kingdoms of Lesotho and Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) and the Republic of Namibia. The purpose of exchange controls is to mitigate the decline of foreign capital reserves in South Africa.

The Government of South Africa has, however, committed itself to relaxing exchange controls gradually and significant relaxation has occurred in recent years.

The comments below relate, in general, to exchange controls in place at the date of this annual report.

Investments in South African companies

Acquisitions of shares or assets of South African companies by non-South African purchasers are generally subject to review and approval by the SARB, particularly where the consideration is payable in a form other than cash. In this regard, the SARB will give approval where it is persuaded, inter alia, that the consideration payable for the acquisition of the shares or assets is an arm’s length consideration.arm’s-length consideration and that such acquisition offers benefits to South Africa. In addition, where shares in a South African company are acquired by a non-resident, the share certificates issued to the non-resident shareholder must be endorsed “non-resident” by the SARB (or an Authorised Dealer).

Dividends

Dividends declared to foreign stockholders in public companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) are not subject to the approval of the SARB, provided that the shares in respect of which the dividends are declared have been endorsed “non-resident” by the SARB or an Authorised Dealer at the time of acquisition. Dividends are freely transferable to foreign stockholders from both trading and non-trading profits earned in South Africa by public listed companies.

Voting rights

There are no limitations imposed by South African law, including South African exchange controls, or by the Memorandum of Incorporation of AngloGold Ashanti on the rights of non-South African shareholders to vote their ordinary shares.

Overseas financing, interest and investments

Interest on foreign loans, if paid from cash generated from operations in South Africa, may be remittable abroad, provided that the loans and the payment of the relevant interest in respect of such loans have received prior SARB approval.

AngloGold Ashanti and its South African subsidiaries require SARB approval to raise debt from and repay debt to non-residents of the Common Monetary Area, mainly in respect of the terms of repayment applicable to such loans, as well as any guarantees that may be provided in respect of such loans, by AngloGold Ashanti or its South African subsidiaries.

Debt raised outside the Common Monetary Area by AngloGold Ashanti’s non-South African subsidiaries is not restricted under South African exchange control regulations and can be used for investment outside the Common Monetary Area, subject to the relevant conditions imposed by the SARB in connection with such investment, the establishing of such a non-South African subsidiary or in raising the debt by such subsidiary. For example, AngloGold Ashanti and its South African subsidiaries would require SARB approval in order for AngloGold Ashanti and/or its South African subsidiaries to provide guarantees for the obligations of any of its non-South African subsidiaries. In addition, funds obtained from non-residents of the Common Monetary Area and debt raised outside the Common Monetary Area by AngloGold Ashanti’s non-South African subsidiaries must be repaid or serviced by AngloGold Ashanti’s foreign subsidiaries unless otherwise approved by the SARB.

A listing by a South African company on any stock exchange other than the JSE in connection with raising capital requires permission from the SARB.

Under current exchange control regulations, offshore investments by AngloGold Ashanti and its subsidiaries require the approval of the SARB. Subject to such prior approval of the SARB, there is no limit on the amount of capital that may be invested offshore.
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10E.    Taxation

South African taxation

General
The following section provides a summary summarisesof the South African tax consequences ofconsequent upon the ownership and disposition of shares by South African residents or ADSs by a US holder (as defined below) and is not intended to constitute tax advice. This summary is based upon current South African tax law and practice of the South African Revenue Service (SARS) practice,, the Convention Between the Government of the United States of America and the Republic of South Africa for the Avoidance ofUS/SA Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income and Capital Gains, signed 17 February 1997 (Treaty),Treaty, and in part upon representations ofmade by the depositary, andDepositary, on the basis that it assumes that each obligation provided for in, or otherwise contemplated by, a Deposit Agreement and any related agreement will be performed in accordance with its respective terms.

The following summary of the South African tax considerations does not address the tax consequences to a US holder that is resident in South Africa for South African tax purposes, whose holding of shares or ADSs is effectively connected with a permanent establishment in South Africa through which such US holder carries on business activities or, in the case of an individual, with a fixed base situated therein, or who is otherwise not entitled to the full benefits under the US/SA Double Taxation Treaty. It should be appreciated that South Africa ratified the Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty-related measures to prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS MLI) on 30 September 2022 and that one should thus read the applicable treaty, including the US/SA Double Taxation Treaty, in this context.

The statements of law set forth below are subject to any changes (which may be applied retroactively) in South African law or in the interpretation thereof by SARS, or in the US/SA Double Taxation Treaty, occurring after the date hereof. It should be expressly noted that South African tax law does not specifically address the treatment of ADSs. However, it is reasonable to assume (although no assurance can be made) that the tax treatment of US holders of shares is also applicable to US holders of ADSs.

Holders are strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors as to the consequences under South African, US federal, state and local, and other applicable laws, of the ownership and disposition of shares or ADSs.

Taxation of dividends

South Africa currently imposes a Dividend Withholding Tax on Companies (dividends tax) at a rate of 20 percent on the net amount of the dividend declared and paid by a resident company, other than a Headquarter Company.

The dividends withholding tax is generally imposed on the beneficial owner of the dividends. The dividend withholdingdividends tax is subject to domestic exemptions or relief in terms of an applicable double taxation treaty. The application of such domestic exemptions or relief in terms of an applicable double taxation treaty is subject to the making of certain declarations and undertakings by the beneficial owner of the dividends to the regulated intermediary making payment of the dividend. In terms of the latest amendments to the tax provisions, the declaration and undertaking entitling the beneficial owner to a reduced dividend withholding tax rate must be renewed every five years, subject to certain exemptions.

The dividends tax could be reduced to a lower rate under an applicable double tax treaty, if all requirements are met. In the case of dividends paid to a US holder with respect to shares, the US/SA Double Taxation Treaty would generally limit the dividends tax rate to five percent of the gross amount of the dividends if a corporate US holder holds directly at least 10ten percent of the voting stock of AngloGold Ashanti,the Company, provided that the applicable declaration and undertaking are given by the beneficial owner that the reduced rate applies.

In all other cases, the maximum tax rate under the US/SA Double Taxation Treaty is 15 percent of the gross amount of the dividend. Even though the domestic rate is 20 percent on the net amount of the dividends, the maximum rate that is payable under the Treaty is 15 percent of the gross amount of the dividends.

Different rules may apply if the beneficial owner of the dividends is a US resident who carries on business in South Africa through a permanent establishment situated in South Africa, or performs in South Africa services from a permanent establishment situated in South Africa, and the dividends are attributable to such permanent establishment or fixed base.

Moreover, if the dividends tax rate is reduced under the auspices of an applicable double tax treaty, certain South African compliance requirements must be met in order to obtain the double tax treaty relief, including amongst others the completion of a declaration and undertaking by the beneficial owners in favour of the Company and/or the relevant participant. regulated intermediary.

In terms of the latest tax provisions the declaration and undertaking need to be renewed at least every five years unless the regulated intermediary is subject to the provisions of inter alia the US Foreign Account Tax Compliance legislation.

A dividend is currently defined as any amount transferred or applied by a company that is a resident (including AngloGold Ashanti)the Company) for the benefit or on behalf of any person in respect of any share in that company, whether that amount is transferred or applied by way of a distribution made by the company, or as consideration for the acquisition of any share in that company. The definition of



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a dividend specifically excludes any amount transferred or applied by the companyCompany that results in a reduction of so-called contributed tax capital (CTC) of the relevant class of shares, or constitutes shares in the companyCompany or constitutes an acquisition by the companyCompany of its own securities by way of a general repurchase of securities in terms of the JSE Listings Requirements. A distinction is thus made between a general repurchase of securities and a specific repurchase of securities. If the companyCompany embarks upon a general repurchase of securities, the proceeds areof such repurchase would not deemed to beconstitute a dividend, whereas, in the case of a specific repurchase of securities where the purchase price is not funded out of CTC of that class of shares, the proceeds arewould likely to constitute a dividend.

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The concept of CTC effectively means the sum of the stated capital or share capital and share premium of a company that existed on 1 January 2011, excluding any transfers from reserves to the share premium account or stated capital account, plus proceeds from the issue of any new shares by a company, less the amount of CTC that has been returned to shareholders. Any application of CTC is limited to the holders of a class of shares. In addition, a distribution of CTC attributable to a specific class must be made proportionately to the number of shares held by a shareholder in a specific class. The definition of CTC is subject to various provisos. Recently the definition of CTC was amended to make it clear that CTC can only be transferred to shareholders proportionally.

For dividends tax purposes a dividend is defined as any dividend as indicated above that is paid by a company that is a resident or paid by a foreign company if the share in respect of which that foreign dividend is paid is a listed share and to the extent that the foreign dividend does not constitute a distribution of an asset in kind.

Dividends are generally exempt from the payment of income tax.

tax, subject to various exclusions. If a dividend is not exempt from income tax it follows that dividends tax will not also be levied.

Taxation of capital gains on sale or other disposition

South African residents are taxed on their worldwide income, while non-residents are only taxed on South African sourced income (subject to the provisions of any relevant double taxation agreement).The general corporate income tax rate has recently been reduced to 27 percent.

Capital gains tax is not a separate tax to income tax; instead, a percentile of the taxpayer’s net capital gain (that is the taxable capital gain) is included in its taxable income on which it is taxed at the income tax rate.

Non-residents are only subject to the South African capital gains tax provisions in respect of the disposal of any immovable property (such as land and buildings or mining rights) or any interest or right of whatever nature to or in immovable property situated in South Africa, or any asset of a permanent establishment through which that non-resident is carrying on a trade in South Africa.In the instance of a shareholder holding shares in a South African company, the ‘interest in immovable property’ requirements are met if 80 percent or more of the market value of the shares is directly or indirectly attributable to South African immovable property held on capital account, and that shareholder (whether alone or together with any connected person in relation to that person), directly or indirectly, holds at least 20 percent of the equity shares of that South African company.

Gains realised on the sale of ordinary shares are deemed to be of a capital nature and subject to capital gains tax provided the ordinary shares have been held for a continuous period of at least three years. This deeming provision is limitedapplicable to ordinary shares“equity shares” as defined in section 1 of the South African Income Tax Act, No. 58 of 1962 (the “SA Income Tax Act”), and doesmay not extend to preference shares or ADSs. ADSs where the preference shares or ADSs do not constitute “equity shares” as so defined.

The meaning of the word “resident” is different for individuals and corporations and is governed by the South African Income Tax Act No. 58 of 1962 (the Act) and by the Treaty. In the event of conflict, the Treaty, which contains a tie breaker clause or mechanism to determine residency if a holder is resident in both countries, will prevail. In terms of the Act and Treaty, a US resident holder of shares or ADSs will not be subject to capital gains tax on the disposal of securities held as capital assets unless the securities are linked to a permanent establishment conducted in South Africa or constitute an interest in immovable property as indicated above. In contrast, gains on the disposal of securities which are not capital in nature are usually subject to income tax. Any asset held as a long-term investment will be considered a capital asset and subject to capital gains tax on the disposal of such an asset. Any asset acquired for purposes of resale as part of a profit-making scheme will not be considered a capital asset and will be subject to income tax on the disposal of such an asset. However, even in the latter case, a US resident holder will not be subject to income tax, unless the US resident holder carries on business in South Africa through a permanent establishment situated therein.

The effective capital gains tax rate for South African residents is 36 percent for trusts, 18 percent for individuals and 22.4 percent for companies.

Securities transfer tax (STT)

No securities transfer tax, or STT, is payable in South Africa with respect to the issue of a security, but STT is payable upon transfer, redemption or cancellation thereof.




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STT on transfers of securities is charged at a rate of 0.25 percent on the 'taxable amount'‘taxable amount’ in respect of the 'transfer'‘transfer’ of every security issued by a company incorporated in South Africa, or a company incorporated outside South Africa, but listed on an exchange in South Africa, subject to certain exemptions.

The word 'transfer'‘transfer’ is broadly defined and includes the transfer, sale, assignment or cession or disposal in any other manner of a security which results in a change in beneficial ownership.The cancellation or redemption of a security is also regarded as a 'transfer'‘transfer’ unless the companyCompany is being liquidated. However, the transfer of a security that does not result in a change in beneficial ownership is not regarded as a 'transfer'‘transfer’ for STT purposes. A security is also defined as a depositary receipt in a company. Accordingly,Apart from STT isthus being payable upon the conversion of ADSs to shares and vice versa, , STT could also be payable on the transfer of a depositary receipt issued by a company, including specifically the ADSs issued by AngloGold Ashanti.the Company. Generally, the central securities depositaryDepositary that has been accepted as a participant in terms of the Financial Markets Act, is liable for the payment of the STT, on the basis that it is recoverable from the person to whom it is transferred.

STT is levied on the 'taxable amount'‘taxable amount’ of a security.The taxable amount of a listed security is the greater of the consideration for the security declared by the transferee or the closing price of that security as traded on the stock exchange concerned. InThe person to whom the case of a transfer of a listed security eitheris transferred is liable for payment of the STT, and such tax must be paid through the member or the participant holding the security in custody, or where the listed security is not held in custody, the company that issued the listed security. The tax so payable may be recovered from the person to whom the security is liable for the tax.transferred. The tax must be paid by the fourteenth day of the month following the month during which the transfer occurred.

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Withholding tax on interest

Generally, a 15 percent withholding tax may apply to the payments of interest.Under the US/SA Double Taxation Treaty, withholding is reduced to zero percent provided the interest is derived and beneficially owned by a resident of the United States.States will be taxable only in the United States (and therefore not subject to interest withholding tax in South Africa), subject to certain exclusions.

Value-Added Tax

The issue or transfer of shares is not a taxable supply for value-added tax (“VAT”) purposes.However, fees charged by independent service providers would beare subject to VAT at the standard rate of 15%.

15 percent.

United States Taxation

General
The following is a general summary of certain material US federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of shares or ADSs to a US holder (as defined below) that holds its shares or ADSs as a capital asset.With respect to the following, references to shares includes references to ADSs unless the context indicates otherwise.This summary does not address any aspect of US federal gift or estate tax, or the state, local or non-US tax consequences to a US holder of shares. This summary is based on US tax laws including the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code)“Code”), Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, rulings, judicial decisions, administrative pronouncements, and the US/SA Double Taxation Treaty, all as currently in effect as of the date of this annual report, and all of which are subject to change or changes in interpretation, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, this summary is based in part upon the representations of the depositaryDepositary and the assumption that each obligation in the Deposit Agreement relating to the ADSs and any related agreement will be performed in accordance with its terms.

This summary does not address all aspects of US federal income taxation that may apply to holders that are subject to special tax rules, including US expatriates, non-resident aliens present in the United States for at least 183 days during the calendar year, insurance companies, tax-exempt entities, banks, certain financial institutions, persons subject to the alternative minimum tax, regulated investment companies, securities broker-dealers, traders in securities who elect to apply a mark-to-market method of accounting, investors that own (directly, indirectly or by attribution) 10ten percent or more of the outstanding share capital or voting stock of AngloGold Ashanti, partnerships or other entities treated as partnerships for US federal income tax purposes or persons holding shares through such entities, persons holding their shares as part of a straddle, hedging or conversion transaction, persons who acquired their shares pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation, or persons whose functional currency is not the US dollar. Such holders may be subject to US federal income tax consequences different from those set forth below.

As used herein, the term “US holder” means a beneficial owner of shares that is: (a) a citizen or individual resident of the United States for US federal income tax purposes; (b) a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes) created or organised in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia; (c) an estate the income of which is subject to US federal income taxation regardless of its source; or (d) a trust if (i) a court within the



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United States can exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more US persons are authorised to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) it has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States person.

If a partnership (including for this purpose any entity treated as a partnership for US federal income tax purposes) holds shares, the tax treatment of a partner generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If a US holder is a partner in a partnership that holds shares, the holder is urged to consult its own tax advisor regarding the specific tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of the shares.

US holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the specific South African and US federal, state and local tax consequences of owning and disposing of shares in light of their particular circumstances as well as any consequences arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction. In particular, US holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding whether they are eligible for benefits under the US/SA Double Taxation Treaty.

For US federal income tax purposes, a US holder of ADSs should generally be treated as owning the underlying shares represented by those ADSs. Therefore, deposits or withdrawals by a US holder of shares for ADSs or of ADSs for shares will not be subject to US federal income tax. The following discussion (except where otherwise expressly noted) applies equally to US holders of shares and US holders of ADSs.

▪Taxation of dividends

The gross amount of any distribution (including the amount of any South African withholding tax thereon) paid to a US holder by AngloGold Ashanti generally will be taxable as dividend income to the US holder for US federal income tax purposes on the date the distribution is actually or constructively received by the US holder, in the case of shares, or by the depositary,Depositary, in the case of ADSs.Corporate US holders will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction in respect of dividends paid by AngloGold
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Ashanti. For foreign tax credit limitation purposes, dividends paid by AngloGold Ashanti will be income from sources outside the United States.

As noted above in “-Taxation-South“Taxation—South African Taxation-Taxationtaxation—Taxation of dividends”, the South African government has enacted a dividend withholding tax.As a result, US holders who are eligible for benefits under the current US/SA Double Taxation Treaty will be subject to a maximum withholding tax of 15 percent on the gross amount of dividend distributions paid by AngloGold Ashanti.

The amount of any distribution paid in foreign currency (including the amount of any South African withholding tax thereon) generally will be includible in the gross income of a US holder of shares in an amount equal to the US dollar value of the foreign currency calculated by reference to the spot rate in effect on the date of receipt by the US holder, in the case of shares, or by the depositary,Depositary, in the case of ADSs, regardless of whether the foreign currency is converted into US dollars on such date. If the foreign currency is converted into US dollars on the date of receipt, a US holder of shares generally should not be required to recognise foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividend. If the foreign currency received in the distribution is not converted into US dollars on the date of receipt, a US holder of shares generally will have a tax basis in the foreign currency equal to its US dollar value on the date of receipt. Any gain or loss recognised upon a subsequent conversion or other disposition of the foreign currency generally will be treated as US source ordinary income or loss. In the case of a US holder of ADSs, the amount of any distribution paid in a foreign currency generally will be converted into US dollars by the depositaryDepositary upon its receipt. Accordingly, a US holder of ADSs generally will not be required to recognise foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the distribution. Special rules govern and specific elections are available to accrual method taxpayers to determine the US dollar amount includible in income in the case of taxes withheld in a foreign currency. Accrual basis taxpayers are therefore urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the requirements and elections applicable in this regard.

Subject to certain limitations, South African withholding taxes will be treated as foreign taxes eligible for credit against a US holder’s US federal income tax liability. The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. Dividend income generally will constitute ‘passive category’“passive category” income, or in the case of certain US holders, ‘general category’“general category” income. The use of foreign tax credits is subject to complex conditions and limitations. In lieu of a credit, a US holder who itemises deductions may elect to deduct all of such holder’s foreign taxes in the taxable year. A deduction does not reduce US tax on a dollar-for-dollar basis like a tax credit, but the deduction for foreign taxes is not subject to all the same limitations applicable to foreign tax credits. US holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the availability of foreign tax credits.

Certain US holders (including individuals) are eligible for reduced rates of US federal income tax in respect of “qualified dividend income” received. AngloGold Ashanti currently believes that dividends paid with respect to its shares should constitute qualified dividend income for US federal income tax purposes. Each individual US holder of AngloGold Ashanti shares is urged to consult his own tax advisor regarding the availability of the reduced dividend tax rate in light of his own particular situation.




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The US Treasury has expressed concern that parties to whom ADSs are pre-released may be taking actions that are inconsistent with the claiming of foreign tax credits for US holders of ADSs. Such actions would also be inconsistent with the claiming of the reduced rate of tax described above, applicable to dividends received by certain non-corporate holders. Accordingly, the analysis of the creditability of South African withholding taxes or the availability of qualified dividend treatment could be affected by future actions that may be taken by the US Treasury with respect to ADSs.

▪•Taxation of dispositions

If a US holder is a resident of the United States for purposes of the US/SA Double Taxation Treaty, such holder will not be subject to South African tax on any capital gain if it sells or disposes of its shares. Special rules apply to individuals who are residents of more than one country.

Subject to the passive foreign investment company considerations discussed below, upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of shares, a US holder generally will recognise capital gain or loss for US federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the US dollar value of the amount realised on the disposition and the holder’s tax basis, determined in US dollars, in the shares. Such gain or loss generally will be US source gain or loss, and will be treated as a long-term capital gain or loss if the holder’s holding period in the shares exceeds one year at the time of disposition. If the US holder is an individual, any capital gain generally will be subject to US federal income tax at preferential rates if specified minimum holding periods are met. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations under the Code.

A US holder’s tax basis in a share will generally be its US dollar cost. The US dollar cost of a share purchased with foreign currency will generally be the US dollar value of the purchase price on the date of purchase, or the settlement date for the purchase in(in the case of shares traded on an established securities market that are purchased by a cash basis US holder or an electing accrual basis US holder.holder), or the date of purchase in all other cases. The amount realised on a sale or other disposition of shares for an amount in foreign currency will be the US dollar value of this amount on the settlement date for the sale or disposition (in the case of shares traded on an established securities market that are sold by a cash basis US holder or an electing accrual basis US holder), or the date of sale or disposition. On the settlement date,disposition in all other cases. In addition, in such other cases, the US holder will recognise US source foreign currency gain or loss (taxable as ordinary income or loss) equal to the difference (if any) between the US dollar value of the amount received based on the exchange rates in effect on the date of sale or other disposition and the settlement date. However, in the case of shares traded on an established securities market that are sold by a cash basis US holder (or an accrual basis US holder that so elects), the amount realised will be based on the exchange rate in effect on the settlement date for the sale, and no exchange gain or loss will be recognised at that time. If an accrual basis US holder makes
239
either of the elections described above, it must be applied consistently from year to year and cannot be revoked without the consent of the Internal Revenue Services (IRS).

Foreign currency received on the sale or other disposition of a share will have a tax basis equal to its US dollar value on the settlement date. Any gain or loss recognised on a sale or other disposition of foreign currency (including its use to purchase shares or upon exchange for US dollars) will be US source ordinary income or loss.

▪Passive foreign investment company considerations
A foreign corporation will be classified a passive foreign investment company (PFIC) for any taxable year if at least 75 percent of its gross income consists of passive income (such as dividends, interest, rents or royalties (other than rents or royalties derived in the active conduct of a trade or business and received from an unrelated person), or gains on the disposition of certain minority interests), or at least 50 percent of the average value of its assets consists of assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income. AngloGold Ashanti believes that it was not treated as a PFIC for the taxable year ended 31 December 20202022 or any prior taxable years and does not expect to become a PFIC in the foreseeable future. If AngloGold Ashanti were characterised as a PFIC for any taxable year, a US holder would suffer adverse tax consequences with respect to that taxable year and all future years during which it holds AngloGold Ashanti ordinary shares.

These consequences may include having gain realised on the disposition of shares treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain and being subject to punitive interest charges on the receipt of certain dividends and on the proceeds of the sale or other disposition of the shares. Furthermore, dividends paid by AngloGold Ashanti would not be “qualified dividend income” and would be taxed at the higher rates applicable to other items of ordinary income. US holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the potential application of the PFIC rules to their ownership of the shares.

▪US information reporting and backup withholding
In general, dividend payments made to a US holder and proceeds paid from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of shares may be subject to information reporting to the IRS and possible backup withholding. US federal backup withholding generally is imposed at a current rate of 24 percent on specified payments including dividends and gross sale proceeds to persons who fail to furnish required information. Backup withholding will not apply to a US holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number and makes any other required certification or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. US persons who are required to establish their exempt status generally must provide IRS Form W-9 (Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification). Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against a holder’s US federal income tax liability. A holder may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the IRS and furnishing any required information.




264

▪Information with respect to foreign financial assets
Individuals that own “specified foreign financial assets” with an aggregate value in excess of $50,000 are generally required to file information reports with respect to such assets with their U.S. federal income tax returns. Depending on the individual’s circumstances, higher threshold amounts may apply. “Specified foreign financial assets” include any financial accounts maintained by foreign financial institutions, as well as any of the following, but only if they are not held in accounts maintained by financial institutions: (i) stocks and securities issued by foreign persons, (ii) financial instruments and contracts held for investment that have foreign issuers or counterparties and (iii) interests in foreign entities. Therefore, the shares may be treated as specified foreign financial assets. In such cases, certain US holders may be subject to this information reporting regime and be required to file IRS formForm 8938 listing these assets with their U.S. federal income tax returns. Failure to file information reports may subject a US holder to penalties. US holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding their obligations to file information reports with respect to the shares.




240


265
10F.    DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS

Not applicable.






10G.    STATEMENT BY EXPERTS

Not applicable.






10H.    Documents on Display

AngloGold Ashanti files annual reports on Form 20-F and reports on Form 6-K with the SEC. You may access this information at the SEC’s home page (http://www.sec.gov). Copies of the documents referred to herein may be inspected at AngloGold Ashanti’s offices by contacting AngloGold Ashanti at 76 Rahima Moosa Street, Newtown,112 Oxford Road, Houghton Estate, Johannesburg, 2001 (P.O. Box 62117, Marshalltown, 2107)2198 (Private Bag X 20, Rosebank, 2196) South Africa, Attention: Company Secretary, telephone number: +27 11 637 6000.

No material on the AngloGold Ashanti website forms any part of, or is incorporated by reference into, this annual report on Form 20-F. References herein to the company’sCompany’s website shall not be deemed to cause such incorporation.







10I.    SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION

Not applicable.






10J.     Annual Report to Security Holders

AngloGold Ashanti intends to submit its annual report provided to security holders in electronic format as an exhibit to a current report on Form 6-K.
241



266
ITEM 11: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

TREASURY POLICY

Risk management activities within the groupGroup are the ultimate responsibility of the board of directors.board. The Chief Financial Officer is responsible to the board of directors for the design, implementation and monitoring of the risk management plan. The Audit and Risk Committee is responsible for overseeing risk management plans and systems, as well as financial risks which include a review of treasury activities and exposure to the group’sGroup’s counterparties.

Under the treasuryfinancial and risk management policy, hedges may be put in place once approved by the Board, using approved instruments over the group’sGroup’s planned gold production and resultant gold sales and currency exposures. The tenor of the hedges may extend out to 10 years. The treasuryfinancial and risk management policy sets trading limits on the extent to which the hedge position may change for the various levels of treasury management from dealer, through treasurer, Executive Managementexecutive management team and board members.

The financial risk management activities objectives of the groupGroup are as follows:
•Safeguarding the group’sGroup’s core earnings stream from its major assets through the effective control and management of gold and other commodity price risk, foreign exchange risk and interest rate risk;
•Effective and efficient usage of credit facilities in both the short- and long-term through the adoption of reliable liquidity management planning and procedures;
•Ensuring that investment and hedging transactions are undertaken with creditworthy counterparts; and
•Ensuring that all contracts and agreements related to financial risk management activities are co-ordinated and consistent throughout the groupGroup and comply where necessary with all relevant regulatory and statutory requirements.

Under the treasuryfinancial and risk management policy, treasury reports are produced at the following minimum intervals for review by management and the board of directors.

directors:
•DailyTreasury Manager
•WeeklyTreasurer
•MonthlyExecutive CommitteeTreasurer
•QuarterlyAudit and Risk Committee and Board of Directors
•Half-yearlyAudit and Risk Committee, Board of Directors and shareholder reports

The Treasury Risk Analyst is responsible for monitoring all reports for completeness and accuracy which are reviewed by the Treasurer.

At AngloGold Ashanti, all front office (dealing), middle office (risk reporting), back office (deal confirmations) and payment (treasury settlements) activities are segregated. All treasury transactions are captured on a third party developed treasury and risk management system that is widely used in corporate treasuries. The groupGroup internal audit function conducts regular and ad-hocad hoc reviews of the activities of treasury and the group’sGroup’s treasury system.

Gold price and other commodities risk management activities

In the normal course of its operations, the groupGroup is exposed to gold and other commodity price, currency, interest rate, equity price, liquidity and non-performance risk, which includes credit risk. The groupGroup is also exposed to certain by-product commodity price risk. In order to manage these risks, the groupGroup may enter into transactions which make use of derivatives. The groupGroup has developed a risk management process to facilitate, control and monitor these risks.

Gold price risk arises from the risk of an adverse effect of current or future earnings resulting from fluctuations in the price of gold. The group eliminated its hedge book during 2010 and has since had full exposure to the spot price of gold.

As at 31 December 2020,2022, the groupGroup had no commitments against future production potentially settled in cash.

In July 2022, AngloGold Ashanti entered into forward contracts for a total of 999,000 barrels of Brent Crude oil for the period January 2023 to December 2023 that will be cash settled on a monthly basis against the contract price. The average price achieved on the forward contracts is $89.20 per barrel of Brent Crude oil. At 31 December 2022, the mark-to-market value of these oil derivatives was an unrealised loss of $6 million.

Foreign exchange price risk protection agreements

The group,Group, from time to time, may enter into currency forward exchange and currency option contracts to hedge certain anticipated transactions denominated in foreign currencies. The objective of the group’sGroup’s foreign currency hedging activities is to protect the groupGroup from the risk that the eventual cash flows resulting from transactions denominated in US dollars will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates.




267

As at 31 December 20202022 and 2019,2021, the groupGroup had no open forward exchange or currency option contracts in its currency hedge position.


242
IFRS guidance on derivatives and hedging requires that derivative instruments be accounted for as follows:
•Contracts that meet the criteria for hedge accounting are designated as hedging instruments, hedging the variability of forecasted cash flows from the sale of production into the spot market and from capital expenditure denominated in a foreign currency and are classified as cash flow hedges. Cash flow hedge losses pertaining to capital expenditure of $1 million as at 31 December 2020 (2019: $1 million) are expected to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income and recognised as an adjustment to depreciation expense over the life of the Serra Grande mine.
•All other derivatives are measured at their estimated fair value, with the changes in estimated fair value at each reporting date reported as gains or losses on derivatives in earnings in the period in which they occur.

Cash flows related to these instruments designated as qualifying hedges are reflected in the consolidated statement of cash flows in the same category as the cash flow from the items being hedged. Accordingly, cash flows relating to the settlement of forward sale commodity derivatives contracts hedging the forecasted sale of production into the spot market will be reflected upon settlement as a component of operating cash flows.

Interest rate and liquidity risk

Fluctuations in interest rates impact interest paid and received on the short-term cash investments and financing activities, giving rise to interest rate risk.

In the ordinary course of business, the groupGroup receives cash from the proceeds of its gold sales and is required to fund its working capital requirements. This cash is managed to ensure that surplus funds are invested in a manner to achieve market related returns while minimising risks.

The groupGroup is able to actively source financing at competitive rates. The counterparts are financial and banking institutions and their credit ratings are regularly monitored by the group.Group.

Cash and loans advanced maturity profile
2020201920222021
Maturity dateMaturity dateCurrencyFixed rate
investment
amount
(million)		Effective
rate %		Floating rate
investment
amount
(million)		Effective
rate %		Fixed rate
investment
amount
(million)		Effective
rate %		Floating rate
investment
amount
(million)		Effective
rate %		Maturity dateCurrencyFixed rate
investment
amount
(million)		Effective
rate %		Floating rate
investment
amount
(million)		Effective
rate %		Fixed rate
investment
amount
(million)		Effective
rate %		Floating rate
investment
amount
(million)		Effective
rate %
All less than one yearAll less than one year$— 572 0.15 21 0.58 103 1.09 All less than one year$8 — 507 3.48 1 — 301 0.10 
ZAR2,611 3.30 29 2.00 166 6.56 25 5.00 ZAR1,471 6.87 — 1,337 3.54 — 
AUD— 50 — — 41 0.23 AUD— — 49 1.07 — — 72 — 
BRL— 32 1.90 — 33 5.94 BRL— — 52 11.57 — — 106 4.27 
ARS6,679 34.00 4,820 30.00 1,831 35.00 81 28.00 ARS18,178 66.50 2,362 65.50 13,256 34.00 — 
CAD— — — — — — 353 0.19 
GBP— — 2 1.54 — — — — 

Borrowings maturity profile 
Within one yearBetween
One and two years		Between Two
and five years		After five yearsTotalWithin one yearBetween
One and two years		Between Two
and five years		After five yearsTotal
CurrencyCurrencyBorrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings amount (million)CurrencyBorrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings amount (million)
$$95 6.4 812 5.4 — — 977 4.6 1,884 $16 5.5 63 11.9 58 12.4 1,721 4.1 1,858 
BRL1 5.7 — — — — — — 1 
AUDAUD— — — — 54 4.5 — — 54 
TZSTZS108,170 12.5 — — — — — — 108,170 TZS3,586 12.5 201,542 12.5 — — — — 205,128 

The table above is based on the borrowings as at 31 December 20202022 including borrowing cost and accrued interest but excludes any fair value adjustments.

243


268
Interest rate risk 
Fixed for less than one yearFixed for between one and three yearsFixed for greater than three yearsFixed for less than one yearFixed for between one and three yearsFixed for greater than three years
CurrencyCurrencyBorrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Total
Borrowings
amount
(million)		CurrencyBorrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Borrowings
amount
(million)		Effective
rate
%		Total
Borrowings
amount
(million)
$$95 6.4 812 5.4 977 4.6 1,884 $16 5.5 128 12.1 1,714 4.1 1,858 
BRL1 5.7 — — — — 1 
AUDAUD— — — — 54 4.5 54 
TZSTZS108,170 12.5 — 0— — 108,170 TZS3,586 12.5 201,542 12.5— — 205,128 

The table above is based on the borrowings as at 31 December 20202022 including borrowing cost and accrued interest but excludes any fair value adjustments.

Non-performance risk

Realisation of contracts is dependent upon counterparts’ performance. The group has not obtained collateral or other security to support the financial instruments subject to non-performance risk, but the credit standing of counterparts was monitored on a regular basis throughout the year. The group spreads its business over a number of financial and banking institutions to minimise the risk of potential non-performance. Furthermore, the approval process of counterparts and the limits applied to each counterpart were monitored by the board of directors. Where possible, ISDA netting agreements were put in place.

The combined maximum credit risk exposure at balance sheet date amounts to $1,501$1,210 million in 20202022 for financial assets (2019: $644(2021: $1,300 million) and nil million for financial guarantees (2019:(2021: nil). Credit risk exposure netted by open derivative positions with counterparts was nil (2019:(2021: nil). No set-off is applied to balance sheet amounts due to the different maturity profiles of assets and liabilities.

Fair value of financial instruments

The estimated fair values of financial instruments are determined at discrete points in time based on relevant market information. The estimated fair values of the group’sGroup’s financial instruments, as measured at 31 December, are as follows (assets (liabilities)):

2020201920222021
Carrying
Amount		Fair
value		Carrying
Amount		Fair
value		Carrying
Amount		Fair
value		Carrying
Amount		Fair
value
(millions)(millions)$$$$(millions)$$$$
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents1,330 1,330 456 456 Cash and cash equivalents1,108 1,108 1,154 1,154 
Restricted cashRestricted cash73 73 64 64 Restricted cash60 60 58 58 
Deferred compensation assetDeferred compensation asset28 28 — — Deferred compensation asset12 12 25 25 
Short-term borrowingsShort-term borrowings(142)(142)(734)(741)Short-term borrowings(18)(18)(51)(51)
Long-term borrowingsLong-term borrowings(1,789)(1,989)(1,299)(1,394)Long-term borrowings(1,965)(1,808)(1,858)(1,960)
Listed investments - FVTPL— — 21 21 
Listed investments - FVTOCIListed investments - FVTOCI186 186 82 82 Listed investments - FVTOCI2 2 116 116 
Listed and unlisted investmentsListed and unlisted investments2 2 67 67 Listed and unlisted investments1 1 1 1 

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument:

Cash restricted for use, cash and cash equivalents

The carrying amounts approximate fair value.

Trade and other receivables and trade and other payables

The carrying amounts approximate fair value because of the short-term duration of these instruments, except for the deferred compensation asset which is carried at fair value in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Investments and other non-current assetsOther investments

Listed equity investments classified as FVTOCI and FVTPL are carried at fair value while fixed income investments and other non-current assets are carried at amortised cost. Thein level 1 of the fair value of fixed income investments and other non-current assets has been calculated using market interest rates. The unlisted equity investments are carried at cost.hierarchy.
244
Borrowings




269

The interest rate on borrowings is reset on a short-term floating rate basis, and accordingly the carrying amount is considered to approximate fair value.

Derivatives

The fair values of volatility-based instruments (i.e., options) are estimated based on market prices, volatilities, credit risk and interest rates for the periods under review.


Gain (loss) on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts recognised
Year ended 31 December
20202019
(millions)$$
Other commodity contracts(1)
(19)5 

(1)    Excluding the commodity contracts transferred to held for sale liabilities.
Year ended 31 December
20222021
(millions)$$
Other commodity contracts(6)— 

Foreign exchange risk

Foreign exchange risk arises on financial instruments that are denominated in a foreign currency.

The following table discloses the approximate foreign exchange risk sensitivities of borrowings at 31 December 20202022 (actual changes in the timing and amount of the following variables may differ from the assumed changes below).
20202022
Change in
exchange rate
 Change in
borrowings
Total
$M
Debt
TZS denominated (TZS/$)Spot (+TZS250)(5)(9)
AUD denominated (AUD/$)Spot (+AUD0.1)(2)

20202022
Change in
exchange rate		Change in
borrowings
Total
$M
Debt
TZS denominated (TZS/$)Spot (-TZS250)611 
AUD denominated (AUD/$)Spot (-AUD0.1)2 

245


270
ITEM 12:    DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES


12A.    DEBT SECURITIES

Not applicable


12B.    WARRANTS AND RIGHTS

Not applicable


12C.    OTHER SECURITIES

Not applicable


12D.    AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES


12D.3.    DEPOSITARY FEES AND CHARGES


AngloGold Ashanti’s American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, each representing one of AngloGold Ashanti’s ordinary shares, are traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “AU.”“AU”. The ADSs are evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, issued by The Bank of New York Mellon, as Depositary under the Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement dated as of 3 June 2008, among AngloGold Ashanti Limited, The Bank of New York Mellon and owners and beneficial owners of from time to time of ADRs. ADS holders may have to pay the following service fees to the Depositary:

ServiceFees (USD)
Issuance of ADSsUp to 5 cents per ADS(1)
Cancellation of ADSsUp to 5 cents per ADS(1)
Distribution of cash dividends or other cash distributionsUp to 2 cents per ADS(2)
Distribution of securities pursuant to
(i) stock dividends, free stock distributions or
(ii) exercises of rights to purchase additional ADSsUp to 5 cents per ADS(2)
ADR Depositary Services feeUp to 2 cents per year(2)
(1)    These fees are typically paid to the Depositary by the brokers on behalf of their clients receiving the newly-issued ADSs from the Depositary and by the brokers on behalf of their clients delivering the ADSs to the Depositary for cancellation. The brokers in turn charge these transaction fees to their clients.
(2)    In practice, the Depositary has not collected these fees. If collected, such fees are offset against the related distribution made to the ADR holder.

In addition, ADS holders are responsible for certain fees and expenses incurred by the Depositary on their behalf including (1) taxes and other governmental charges, (2) such registration fees as may from time to time be in effect for the registration of transfers of ordinary shares generally on the share register and applicable to transfers of ordinary shares to the name of the Depositary or its nominee or the Custodian or its nominee on the making of deposits or withdrawals, and (3) such cable, telex and facsimile transmission expenses as are expressly incurred by the Depositary in the conversion of foreign currency.

Fees and other charges payable by the Depositary, any of the Depositary’s agents, including the Custodian, or the agents of the Depositary’s agents in connection with the servicing of Shares or other Deposited Securities, shall be collected at the sole discretion of the Depositary by billing such owners for such charge or by deducting such charge from one or more cash dividends or other cash distributions.

For further information, refer to “Item“Item 10C: Material Contracts - Contracts—The Deposit Agreement”.


12D.4.    DEPOSITARY PAYMENTS FOR 20202022

For the year ended 31 December 2020,2022, The Bank of New York Mellon, as Depositary, reimbursed AngloGold Ashanti an amount of $1,057,722 (2019: $1,097,316)$934,248 (2021: $1,083,405) mainly for investor relations relatedrelations-related expenses.


246


271
PART II
ITEM 13:    DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

None.
247


272
ITEM 14:    MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

248


273
ITEM 15: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures: As of 31 December 2020,2022, (the “Evaluation Date”), the company,Company, under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer has evaluated the effectiveness of the company’sCompany’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a - 15(e) and 15d - 15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"“Exchange Act”)). Based on such evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the company’sCompany’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective, and are reasonably designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the companyCompany in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission. These disclosure controls and procedures include without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the companyCompany in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’sCompany’s management, including its chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.

(b)Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting: Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the company,Company, as defined in the Exchange Act Rule 13a - 15(f) and 15d -15(f). The company’sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the company’sCompany’s financial statements for external purposes in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

The company’sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

•Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;Company;
•Provide reasonable assurance that the transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the companyCompany are being made only in accordance with authorisations of management and the Directors of the company;Company; and
•Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorised acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’sCompany’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods is subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies and procedures may deteriorate.

The company’sCompany’s management assessed the effectiveness of the company’sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting as of the Evaluation Date. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organisations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework and related illustrative documents released on 14 May 2013. Based on this assessment, and using those criteria, management concluded that the company’sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of the Evaluation Date.

(c)    Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting: The Company maintains a system of internal control over financial reporting that is designed to provide reasonable assurance that its books and records accurately reflect transactions and that established policies and procedures are followed.

There have been no further changes in the company’sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Exchange Act Rule 13(a) - 15 during the year ended 31 December 20202022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

See also “Item 3D,3D: Risk Factors of this annual report on Form 20F for risk factors related—AngloGold Ashanti’s inability to maintainingmaintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting.reporting may have an adverse effect on investors’ confidence in the reliability of its financial statements.”

(d)Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm: The Company’s independent registered accounting firm, Ernst & Young Inc., has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of the company’sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting.This report appears below.

249


/s/ I KramerG A Doran
Ian KramerGillian Ann Doran
Interim Chief Financial Officer


/s/ KC RamonA Calderon
Kandimathie Christine RamonAlberto Calderon
Interim Chief Executive Officer










250274
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

TheTo the Shareholders and the Board of Directors and Shareholders of AngloGold Ashanti Limited

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2020,2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, AngloGold Ashanti Limited (the Company)the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2020,2022, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated statement of financial position of AngloGold Ashanti Limitedthe Company as of 31 December 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 2018,2020, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in equity for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 2020,2022, and the related notes and our report dated 2617 March 20212023 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and LimitationLimitations of Internal Control overOver Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.






/s/ Ernst & Young Inc.
Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
2617 March 20212023


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ITEM 16A:    AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

Membership of the Audit and Risk Committee, including its chairman, comprises only independent non-executive directors, in compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. This also fulfils the guidelines of King IV, which became effective 1 November 2016, and the requirements of the SA Companies Act, No. 71 of 2008, which became effective on 1 May 2011. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires the board to identify a financial expert from within its ranks. The board has resolved that Mr. Rhidwaan GasantAlan Ferguson is the Audit and Risk Committee'sCommittee’s financial expert. Individually, the remaining members of the committeeAudit and Risk Committee have considerable knowledge and experience in associated areas such as audit, risk and corporate governance to help oversee and guide the board and the company.Company.



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ITEM 16B:    CODE OF ETHICS AND WHISTLE-BLOWING POLICIES

In order to comply with the company'sCompany’s obligation in terms of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and King IV, and in the interests of good governance, the companyCompany has systems and procedures to introduce, monitor and enforce its ethical codes and has adopted a code of business principles and ethics for employees and directors, a code of ethics for the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Senior Financial Officers, and a whistle-blowing policy that encourages employees to report anonymously if they wish and without fear of retaliation acts of an unethical or illegal nature that affect the company'sCompany’s interests. The code of business principles and ethics expresses the company’sCompany’s commitment to the conduct of its business in line with ethical standards and is designed to enable employees and directors to perform their roles and duties with integrity and responsibility.

The whistle-blowing policy provides channels for employees to report acts and practices that are in conflict with the company’sCompany’s code of business principles and ethics or are unlawful, including financial malpractice or dangers to the public or the environment. Reports may be made to management or through several mediums including the intranet, internet, telephone, short messaging system (sms), fax and post. All reports not made to management are administered by a third party, Tip-Offs Anonymous, to ensure independence of the process. Reported cases are relayed to management through group compliance and group internal audit.compliance. A report is provided by group compliance and group internal audit to the Serious Concerns Committee, a management committee, on a quarterly basis as well as the Social, Ethics and Sustainability Committee and the Audit and Risk Committee on a quarterly basis. Reporters have the option to request feedback on reported cases. The whistle-blowing policy encourages reports to be made in good faith in a responsible and ethical manner. Employees are encouraged to first seek resolution of alleged malpractices through discussion with their direct managers, if appropriate, or other management including legal, compliance, human resources or internal audit.

The code of business principles and ethics for employees and directors and the code of ethics for the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Senior Financial Officers are available on the company’sCompany’s website at https://www.anglogoldashanti.com/company/sustainability/governance/policies-standards/ .



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ITEM 16C:    PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Ernst & Young Inc. has served as AngloGold Ashanti’s independent public accountants for each of the financial years in the three-year period ended 31 December 2020,2022, for which audited financial statements appear in this annual report on Form 20-F.

The following table presents the aggregate fees for professional services and other services rendered by Ernst & Young Inc. to AngloGold Ashanti in 20202022 and 2019.2021.
20202019
(in millions)$$
Audit fees(1)
6.02 5.77 
Audit-related fees(2)
1.80 1.14 
Tax fees(3)
0.32 0.07 
All other fees(4)
0.01 0.09 
Total8.15 7.07 

20222021
(in millions)$$
Audit fees(1)
6.45 5.87 
Audit-related fees(2)
1.91 2.10 
Tax fees(3)
0.22 0.03 
All other fees(4)
0.02 0.01 
Total8.60 8.01 
Rounding may result in computational differences.
(1)    The Audit fees consist of fees billed for the annual audit services engagement and other audit services, which are those services that only the external auditor reasonably can provide, and include the Company audit; statutory audits; attest services; and assistance with and review of documents filed with the SEC.
(2)    Audit-related fees consist of fees billed for assurance and related services.
(3)    Tax fees include fees billed for tax advice and tax compliance services.
(4)    All other fees include non-audit services.

Audit and Risk Committee Pre-approval Policies and Procedures

It is the policy of AngloGold Ashanti to maintain compliance with the requirements of the various applicable legislation and good governance practices when appointing or assigning work to the Company’s external auditor. Non-audit services may not be undertaken without an employee of AngloGold Ashanti obtaining the pre-approval of the Audit and Risk Committee as is laid out in the procedures relating to the pre-approval process.

The Audit and Risk Committee has delegated the approval authority to the chairman of the committee, Mr. Rhidwaan Gasant (1 January 2020 to 30 November 2020) and Mr. Alan Ferguson (from 1 December 2020 to date) or his designated official. The approval may take the form of a written or oral instruction, and in the case of an oral instruction this would be ratified at the next Audit and Risk Committee meeting. On a half yearly basis a summary of all approvals and work to date is tabled at the Audit and Risk Committee meeting.

All non-audit services provided to AngloGold Ashanti by the principal independent registered public accounting firm during 20202022 were reviewed and approved according to the procedures above. None of the services provided during 20202022 were approved under the de minimis exception allowed under the Exchange Act.

Audit Firm Rotation

Given the length of tenure of Ernst & Young Inc. as the company’s external auditor, the Audit and Risk Committee has decided that it would be appropriate to put the audit out for tender beginning for the fiscal year ending 31 December 2023. In this regard, the company has already started planning and discussions have been held with a number of audit firms in respect of a potential tender process. It is expected that a formal request for proposal will be issued in 2021.

ITEM 16D:    EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

Not applicable.


ITEM 16E:    PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

Neither the issuer nor any affiliate of the issuer purchased any of the company’sCompany’s shares during 2020.
2022.


ITEM 16F:    CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
Not applicable.
On 19 November 2021, PwC was appointed by the AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s Board of Directors as the Company’s independent principal accountants for the financial year ending 31 December 2023 after a formal tender process to appoint a new independent registered public accounting firm. The appointment of PwC was approved by AngloGold Ashanti’s shareholders at the AGM on 16 May 2022. Ernst & Young Inc. (EY) will resign as independent principal accountants of the Group on conclusion of its responsibilities relating to the 31 December 2022 financial year audit, which is expected to conclude during April 2023.

The reports of EY on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the past two fiscal years did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles. In connection with the audits of the Company’s financial statements for each of the two fiscal years ended 31 December 2022, there were (i) no disagreements with EY, as that term is used in Item 16F(a)(1)(iv) of Form 20-F over any matters of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedures, which, if not resolved to the satisfaction of EY, would have caused EY to make reference to the matter in their report and (ii) there were no “reportable events” as defined in Item 16F(a)(1)(v) of Form 20-F.

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AngloGold Ashanti has provided EY with a copy of Contentsthe foregoing disclosure and has requested EY to provide it with a letter addressed to the SEC stating whether or not EY agrees with the above statements. A copy of such letter, dated 17 March 2023, in which EY state they agree with such disclosure, is filed as an exhibit to this annual report on Form 20-F, see “Item 19: Exhibits to the Form 20-F—Exhibit 19.15.9. “Letter from Ernst & Young Inc. to the Securities and Exchange Commission regarding a change in registrant's certifying accountant”.


ITEM 16G:    CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

AngloGold Ashanti’s corporate governance practices are regulated by the JSE Listings Requirements. The following is a summary of the significant ways in which South Africa’s corporate governance standards which are followed by AngloGold Ashanti differ from those followed by U.S.US domestic companies under the NYSE Listing Standards. At this time, as described further below, AngloGold Ashanti complies with all of the NYSE Listing Standards as well as the JSE Listings Requirements.

The NYSE Listing Standards require that non-management directors of US-listed companies meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management. The JSE Listings Requirements do not require such meetings of listed company non-executive directors. AngloGold Ashanti’s non-management directors meet regularly without management.However, management is invited to attend the executive section of board meetings.

The NYSE Listing Standards require US-listed companies to have a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. The JSE Listings Requirements do not require such a committee but AngloGold Ashanti currently has a Nominations and Governance Committee composed of six non-executive directors, all of whom are independent under the JSE Listings Requirements and NYSE Listing Standards. The Nominations and Governance Committee is chaired by the ChairmanChairperson of the AngloGold Ashanti Board.

The NYSE Listing Standards also require US-listed companies to have a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors. The JSE Listings Requirements merely require that boards have such a committee but not that its members be independent. AngloGold Ashanti has appointed a Remuneration and Human Resources Committee, currently comprised of four non-executive directors, all of whom are independent under the JSE Listings Requirements and NYSE Listing Standards. The Remuneration and Human Resources Committee is chaired by the Chairman of the AngloGold Ashanti Board.

The NYSE Listings Standards require US-listed companies to have an audit committee composed entirely of independent directors. The SA Companies Act requires that the members of the Audit Committee be approved by shareholders on an annual basis at a company’s annual general meeting. Both the SA Companies Act and the JSE Listings Requirements require that the audit committee be composed entirely of independent directors. AngloGold Ashanti has appointed an Audit and Risk Committee, currently comprising fourthree (pending shareholder approval at the 2023 AGM of the appointment of two additional non-executive directors to the Audit and Risk Committee) non-executive directors, all of whom are independent, as defined under the SA Companies Act, the JSE Listings Requirements and the NYSE Listing Standards.

The SA Companies Act and the JSE Listings Requirements require the appointment of a Social and Ethics Committee, and AngloGold Ashanti has appointed a Social, Ethics and EthicsSustainability Committee, comprising independent non-executive directors.


ITEM 16H:    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

The information concerning certain mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required pursuant to Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and this Item 16H of Form 20-F is included in Exhibit 19.16 to this annual report on Form 20-F.


ITEM 16I:        DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT
INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.
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PART III
ITEM 17:    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Not applicable.
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280
ITEM 18:    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 20202022 were authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 2615 March 20212023 and were signed on its behalf by Kandimathie Christine Ramon, InterimGillan A Doran, Chief ExecutiveFinancial Officer, Maria DC Ramos, ChairmanChairperson of the Board of Directors, and Alan Ferguson, ChairmanChairperson of the Audit and Risk Committee.

The report of independent registered public accounting firm Ernst & Young Inc. Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa (PCAOB ID # 1698) is included in Item 18.

F - 1
Report of independent registered public accounting firm

To the shareholdersShareholders and the boardBoard of directorsDirectors of AngloGold Ashanti Limited

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statement of financial position of AngloGold Ashanti Limited (“the Company”)(the Company) as of 31 December 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 2018,2020, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in equity for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 2020,2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of other auditors, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at 31 December 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 2018,2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the periodthen ended, 31 December 2020, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS’IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

We did not audit the financial statements of Kibali (Jersey) Limited (“Kibali”)(Kibali), a corporation in which the Company has a 50% interest. In the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s investment in Kibali was stated at $1,063 million, $1,604 million $1,506 million and $1,439$1,604 million as of 31 December 2022, 2021 and 2020, 2019respectively, and 2018, respectively, the Company’s equity in the net income of Kibali was stated at $153 million in 2022, $231 million in 2021 and, $238 million in 2020, $143 million in 2019 and, $104 million in 2018.2020. Those statements were audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for Kibali, is based solely on the report of the other auditors.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2020,2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated 2617 March 20212023 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.


Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits and the report of other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.


Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments.judgements. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
F - 2
Description of the MatterSale of South African assets
During 2020, the Company completed its disposal of the South African assets for a total consideration less cost to sell of $220 million, as disclosed in Note 1.2 and Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements. The determination of the loss arising on disposal required judgement and estimation, particularly in determining the total estimated consideration, which comprised of $200 million cash consideration and further deferred compensation based on future gold production, which was estimated at a fair value of $28 million.
The Company used a probability weighted discounted cash flow model to measure the deferred compensation. The significant inputs and assumptions used in each scenario of the discounted cash flow model, included the production plan over the agreed upon period and the weighted average cost of capital (WACC). The determination of the fair value of the deferred compensation involved complex auditor judgment, due to the subjectivity of these significant assumptions and inputs, as well as the weighted probabilities and required the inclusion of specialists on our team.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our AuditOur procedures to address this matter included, among others, obtaining an understanding, evaluating the design and testing the operating effectiveness of internal controls over the disposal process. For example, we tested controls over management’s review of the significant assumptions used in the deferred compensation valuation and over the accounting treatment for the transaction.
We read the executed sale agreement to obtain an understanding of the structure of the sale and the deferred compensation, including an assessment of whether all conditions precedent to the sale were met at the effective date of the transaction.
We recalculated the loss on disposal, which included the deferred compensation component made up of various judgements around the production plan per year, applicable discount rates for the agreed upon period and the relative weightings attached to each scenario.
For the discount rate, with the support of our valuation specialists, we assessed management’s WACC by comparing it to our independently calculated WACC.
For the production plan, we compared the plan to the previous production profiles developed by the Company and analysed the actual production versus that contained in the production plan underlying each scenario. We evaluated the weighted probabilities assigned to each scenario by considering the Company’s historical and year to date production and any available published information from the buyer, regarding its estimated production plan.
We evaluated the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.

Description of the MatterObuasi re-development operational readiness assessment
Construction of the two-phased Obuasi mine re-development project commenced in 2018. It is the Company’s accounting policy (as disclosed in Note 1.2) that all costs directly attributable to developing the mine are capitalised, including pre-production revenue.
As disclosed in Note 1.2 to the consolidated financial statements, at 1 October 2020, the Company determined that assets associated with Phase 1 of the Obuasi mine re-development project reached their operational readiness, as the assets were deemed capable of operating in a manner intended by management. Determining whether the criteria were sufficiently met to trigger operational readiness impacts when capitalisation of costs and pre-production revenue would cease and recognition of revenue, production costs and amortisation would begin.
Auditing the accounting treatment for the Phase 1 mine re-development assets was complex due to the significant judgment needed to determine when these assets were capable of operating in a manner intended by management, which was assessed based on the achievement of specific criteria. This involved a high degree of auditor judgment, given the subjective nature of certain of the criteria used, such as the mining area available, the quantity of material mined, and ounces produced during each month in 2020.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit
Our procedures to address this matter included, among others, obtaining an understanding, evaluating the design and testing the operating effectiveness of controls over the re-development process. For example, we tested controls over management’s review of the significant judgments to determine when the Phase 1 assets are capable of operating in a manner as intended by the Company. This included testing of controls over the accuracy and completeness of the underlying production data and capital expenditure spend.
We evaluated the completeness and judgements of the criteria and methodology used by management and we assessed management’s judgments that the set criteria were met as at 1 October 2020 by comparing the project plan to actual performance for a number of criteria; in particular the mining area available, the quantity of material mined, and ounces produced. In so doing, we also tested the completeness and accuracy of the underlying production data and capital expenditure spend used in management’s analyses, to underlying accounting and other records.
We evaluated the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.

F - 3
Description of the MatterGeita VAT recoverability
As disclosed in Note 2220 to the consolidated financial statements, at 31 December 2020,2022, the Company’s Geita mine has recorded $191$155 million of VAT receivables due from the Tanzanian Revenue Authority (TRA).
An amendment, effective 20 July 2017, to Tanzania’s mining legislation included an amendment to the VAT Act 2015 to the effect that no input tax credit can be claimed for expenses incurred in the production of raw minerals which are to be exported, resulting in Geita’s VAT input claims being disqualified since then by the TRA. In 2019, an amendment issued by the Tanzanian Ministry of Minerals, effective 22 February 2019, provided clarity on the definition of raw minerals.

The Finance Amendment act became effective from 1 July 2020 which deleted the disqualification of Input VAT claims. The change is not retrospective and therefore VAT input claims and offsets from July 2017 to June 2020 remain disallowed. Furtherdisallowed in the current year.
In the current year, new correspondence and information was received from the TRA in early 2021 in whichand draft agreements relating to the TRA state that they continue to disallowrecovery of the historical VAT claims has been exchanged between July 2017 to June 2020.
The Government of Tanzania and Geita Gold Mine (GGM).

Auditing themanagement’s probability weighted discounted model and thetheir expected timing of recovery of these receivables involved significant auditor judgement, including the involvement of our tax specialists.specialists, to assess the likelihood of the recovery of the historical VAT claims and related recovery mechanisms in relation to VAT offsetting against taxable income, as well as assessing the impact, if any, of the terms of the draft agreements exchanged with The Government of Tanzania. This is because the timing of VAT offsetting depends on forecasts of Geita’s available taxable income, which includes judgmentsjudgements around Geita’s business plan, VAT claims toas a percentage of corporate tax offset, and assigned weighting and probability per scenario.
Significant auditor judgment was also requiredscenario in reassessing whether the TRA will applymodel and the definitioninteraction with the timing of raw minerals to the historical claimsmining license renewal and how the TRA will applyend of life of the legal rulings and related recovery mechanisms in relation to VAT offsetting against taxable income based on the correspondence received to date and its impact on historical conclusions.
mine.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit
Our procedures to address this matter included, among others, obtaining an understanding, evaluating the design and testing the operating effectiveness of controls over the Company’s assessment of tax law and the process to estimate the recoverability of the VAT receivable.


We read correspondence between management the TRA and the Tanzanian Government,authorities, including correspondence related to the tax returns and assessments received during the year and in 2021period, to evaluate management’s assumptions, primarily related to the expected timing of the VAT recoverability.
As part of our audit procedures, we met with management assumptions.
to understand their strategy to resolve the matter and obtain an update on progress made and discussions that took place with the relevant parties during the year. We also assessed whether the draft agreements exchanged with the Government of Tanzania were consistent with management’s stated strategy to fully recover the carrying value of the receivables.

We read the external legal counsel opinions obtained by management to support their interpretation of the tax legislation and recoverabilityfor set-offs, of the VAT. We also discussed external legal counsel’s interpretation of tax legislation with external legal counsel directly.
manner undertaken or proposed by the Company.

We involved our tax professionals with specialised skills and knowledge to assist us to evaluatein evaluating the recoverability of the VAT receivable, based on the above correspondence and their interpretation of legislation, including historical payments and offsets received to date, for claims prior toin the period of July 2017 to June 2020.


We testedassessed the judgmentsjudgements around the timing of VAT offsetting by comparing the Company’s business plan to historical performance. We also evaluated the reasonableness of the annual percentage of VAT to corporate tax offset includedand weighted probabilities in each scenario,the model, by considering recent developments withassessing the relevant authoritiesrecoverability of forecast VAT offsets and the interpretationsdiscounting calculation performed by management and their external legal counselon VAT refunds owing.

We evaluated management’s assessment of the relevant tax legislation.
various scenarios in the model, by performing a sensitivity analysis, taking into account alternative weighting probability scenarios.

We evaluatedassessed the reasonablenessadequacy of the provision by performing sensitivity analyses on alternative weighting and probability scenarios.
We evaluated the VAT receivable disclosuredisclosures in Note 20 in the consolidated financial statements.











F - 43

Description of the MatterRehabilitation and decommissioning provisionEnvironmental rehabilitation obligations
At 31 December 20202022, the rehabilitationprovision for decommissioning and decommissioningthe provision for restoration in aggregate amounted to $674$578 million in the consolidated financial statements.


The Company incurs obligations to close, restore and rehabilitate its mine sites. Auditing the Company’sGroup’s rehabilitation and decommissioning provision was complex due to the significance, as well as the high estimation uncertainty, of the provision. The determination of the provision is based on, among other things, judgements and estimates of current damage caused, nature, timing and amount of future costs to be incurred to rehabilitate the mine sites, estimates of future inflation, exchange rates and discount rates. These assumptions are inherently judgemental and subject to change due to continued mining activity and rehabilitation, legislation and environmental changes, which cannot be predicted with certainty and thus requires specific focus each year and the useinvolvement of specialists on our team.

The consolidated disclosures are included in Note 1.2 and Note 2725 to the consolidated financial statements.

How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit
Our procedures to address this matter included, among others, obtaining an understanding, evaluating the design and testing the operating effectiveness of controls over the Company’sGroup’s process to estimate rehabilitation and decommissioning provisions. For example, we tested controls over the determination of key inputs such as life of mine reserves and production profile, discount rates, inflation and exchange rates, and the nature, amount and timing of future rehabilitation costs.

With the support of our valuation specialists, we assessed management’s macro-economic assumptions in their rehabilitation models by comparing them to available market information. The most significant of these macro-economic assumptions were the risk-free interest rates, expected inflation and exchange rates.
We

To assess the rehabilitation models prepared by management, among other procedures, we tested the mathematical accuracy of the valuation models.
Weand compared the timing of the expected cash flows with reference to the life of mine plans for the respective mines.
Wemines and compared the current year cash flow assumptions to those of the prior year and considered management’s explanations where these have changed or deviated. We compared the cost rates used by management to publicly available information, as well as ongoing rehabilitation activities undertaken by the Company.


With the support of our environmental specialists, we inquired of operational management whether additional environmental disturbancedamage or changes in the relevant legislation occurred since the prior year that would require additional rehabilitation in the future and compared this information to the current mine plan. Weplan and the currently applicable legislation. Also, with the support of our environmental specialists, we inspected reports of the Company’sGroup’s mine closure plans and assessments of the timing and determination of costs to be incurred prepared by management.

Description of the MatterImpairment assessment of AGA Mineração
As described in Notes 1.2 and 13 to the consolidated financial statements, the Group conducts an impairment test whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount for a cash generating unit (“CGU”) may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised in the income statement for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. During the year, the AGA Mineração CGU was disaggregated into two separate CGUs, namely Córrego do Sítio (CdS) and Cuiabá, following management’s reinvestment strategy to assess strategic options for CdS, as a result of the continued underperformance of the CdS complex. Further and in December 2022, processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant which services the Cuiabá mine complex was suspended. These events were impairment indicators, which required the Group to conduct an impairment test on these CGUs.

A gross impairment of $189 million for CdS and $70 million for Cuiabá was recorded for the year ended 31 December 2022. Auditing the assessment of the recoverable amount of these CGUs involved significant auditor judgment, since there are a number of forward looking and other assumptions that require significant estimation, including the extent of economic mineral resource and reserve and associated life of mine plans, discount rate, future gold prices, foreign exchange rates and specifically for Cuiaba, the probability weighted discounted cash flows including the period of suspension of operations at the Queiroz plant due to the completion of structural improvements, as well as the application of judgment around the disaggregation of the AGA Mineração CGU into two CGUs.

F - 4

How We together withAddressed the Matter in Our AuditOur procedures to address this matter included, among others, obtaining an understanding, evaluating the design and testing the operating effectiveness of controls over the Company’s impairment trigger assessment and the preparation, review and approval of the impairment calculation. For example, we evaluated management’s methods, processes and controls determining the carrying values, and the associated recoverable amounts of each CGU.

We assessed management’s disaggregation of the CGUs by, among other procedures, reference to whether an active market exists for the output produced by each CGU.

With the support of our environmentalvaluation specialists, evaluatedwe assessed management’s macro-economic assumptions, including future gold prices and foreign exchange rates in their valuation models by comparing them to the reportslatest available market information.

We also involved our valuation specialists to evaluate the discount rate, by independently calculating a discount rate range using available market information and comparing to management’s discount rate.
In addition, we performed sensitivity analyses to evaluate the impact of reasonably possible changes in the key assumptions including discount rate, future gold prices and for Cuiabá, the impact of delay in the net cash flows due to possible delays in the projected timelines of completion of structural improvements.

To assess the cash flow models prepared by management, among other procedures, we tested the mathematical accuracy and compared relevant data therein to assisthistorical performance, as well as to the latest long-term business plans used by management to manage and monitor the performance of the CGUs. We compared the production and cost assumptions in the calculationcash flow models to the current approved life of mine plans.

To test management’s assessment of the provision. In so doing,scenarios used in the Cuiaba probability weighted discounted cash flow model, we also evaluatedinvolved our internal valuation and mining engineer specialists to assess the reasonableness of management’s professional qualifications and experience relatedassumptions.

We compared our results to this estimate, and usemanagement’s estimated recoverable amounts.

We assessed the adequacy of industry accepted methodology.the disclosures in Note 13 in the consolidated financial statements.




/s/ Ernst & Young Inc.

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1944
Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
2617 March 20212023



F - 5

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F - 6
ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI LIMITED
Group – income statement
FOR THE YEARS ENDED December 31, 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020
202020192018
Figures in millionsFigures in millionsNotesFigures in millionsNotes202220212020
Restated (1)
US DollarsUS Dollars
Continuing operationsContinuing operationsContinuing operations
Revenue from product salesRevenue from product sales34,427 3,525 3,336 Revenue from product sales34,501 4,029 4,595 
Cost of salesCost of sales4(2,699)(2,626)(2,584)Cost of sales4(3,362)(2,857)(2,829)
(Loss) gain on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts(Loss) gain on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts(19)5 (2)(Loss) gain on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts(6)— (19)
Gross profitGross profit21,709 904 750 Gross profit21,133 1,172 1,747 
Corporate administration, marketing and other expenses5(68)(82)(76)
Corporate administration, marketing and related expensesCorporate administration, marketing and related expenses(79)(73)(68)
Exploration and evaluation costsExploration and evaluation costs(124)(112)(98)Exploration and evaluation costs(205)(164)(124)
Impairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposalImpairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposal(1)(6)(7)Impairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposal(304)11 (1)
Other (expenses) incomeOther (expenses) income6(57)(83)(79)Other (expenses) income5(26)(136)(57)
Operating profitOperating profit1,459 621 490 Operating profit519 810 1,497 
Interest incomeInterest income27 14 8 Interest income81 58 27 
Dividend receivedDividend received2 0 2 Dividend received— — 2 
Foreign exchange and other gains (losses)0 (12)(9)
Foreign exchange and fair value adjustmentsForeign exchange and fair value adjustments(128)(43)— 
Finance costs and unwinding of obligationsFinance costs and unwinding of obligations7(177)(172)(168)Finance costs and unwinding of obligations6(149)(116)(177)
Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit (loss)8278 168 122 
Profit (loss) before taxation1,589 619 445 
Share of associates and joint ventures’ profitShare of associates and joint ventures’ profit7166 249 278 
Profit before taxationProfit before taxation489 958 1,627 
TaxationTaxation12(625)(250)(212)Taxation10(173)(312)(625)
Profit (loss) after taxation from continuing operations964 369 233 
Profit after taxation from continuing operationsProfit after taxation from continuing operations316 646 1,002 
Discontinued operationsDiscontinued operationsDiscontinued operations
Profit (loss) from discontinued operationsProfit (loss) from discontinued operations97 (376)(83)Profit (loss) from discontinued operations— — 7 
Profit (loss) for the yearProfit (loss) for the year971 (7)150 Profit (loss) for the year316 646 1,009 
Allocated as follows:Allocated as follows:Allocated as follows:
Equity shareholdersEquity shareholdersEquity shareholders
- Continuing operations- Continuing operations946 364 216 - Continuing operations297 622 984 
- Discontinued operations- Discontinued operations7 (376)(83)- Discontinued operations— — 7 
Non-controlling interestsNon-controlling interestsNon-controlling interests
- Continuing operations- Continuing operations18 5 17 - Continuing operations19 24 18 
971 (7)150 316 646 1,009 
Basic earnings (loss) per ordinary share (cents)Basic earnings (loss) per ordinary share (cents)13227 (3)32 Basic earnings (loss) per ordinary share (cents)1171 148 236 
Earnings (loss) per ordinary share from continuing operations225 87 52 
Earnings per ordinary share from continuing operationsEarnings per ordinary share from continuing operations71 148 234 
Earnings (loss) per ordinary share from discontinued operationsEarnings (loss) per ordinary share from discontinued operations2 (90)(20)Earnings (loss) per ordinary share from discontinued operations— — 2 
Diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share (cents)Diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share (cents)13227 (3)32 Diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share (cents)1171 148 236 
Earnings (loss) per ordinary share from continuing operations225 87 52 
Earnings per ordinary share from continuing operationsEarnings per ordinary share from continuing operations71 148 234 
Earnings (loss) per ordinary share from discontinued operationsEarnings (loss) per ordinary share from discontinued operations2 (90)(20)Earnings (loss) per ordinary share from discontinued operations— — 2 

(1) Comparative periods have been retrospectively restated, where indicated, due to the initial application of the amendment to IAS 16 "Property, Plant and Equipment - Proceeds before Intended Use" on 1 January 2022. Refer to note 1.
F - 7
ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI LIMITED
Group – statement of comprehensive income
FOR THE YEARS ENDED December 31, 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 2018
Figures in millions202020192018
RestatedRestated
US Dollars
Profit (loss) for the year971 (7)150
Items that will be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:38 0 (50)
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations (1)
38 0 (50)
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:86 14 (91)
Exchange differences on translation of non-foreign operations (1)
(16)4 (100)
Net gain (loss) on equity investments98 6 9 
Actuarial gain (loss) recognised10 2 5 
Deferred taxation thereon(6)2 (5)
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax124 14 (141)
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax1,095 7 9 
Allocated as follows:
Equity shareholders
- Continuing operations1,121 378 75 
 - Discontinued operations(44)(376)(83)
Non-controlling interests
- Continuing operations18 5 17 
1,095 7 9 
2020
Figures in millions202220212020
Restated (1)
US Dollars
Profit (loss) for the year316 646 1,009 
Items that will be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:(27)(22)38 
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations(27)(22)38 
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:(47)(83)86 
Exchange differences on translation of non-foreign operations(1)(3)(16)
Net (loss) gain on equity investments(50)(73)98 
Actuarial (loss) gain recognised(10)(1)10 
Deferred taxation thereon14 (6)(6)
Other comprehensive (loss) income for the year, net of tax(74)(105)124 
Total comprehensive income for the year, net of tax242 541 1,133 
Allocated as follows:
Equity shareholders
- Continuing operations223 517 1,159 
 - Discontinued operations— — (44)
Non-controlling interests
- Continuing operations19 24 18 
242 541 1,133 
(1) Exchange differences arising on translation of foreign and non-foreign operationsComparative periods have been retrospectively restated, where indicated, due to reflect those that will be reclassified subsequentlythe initial application of the amendment to profit or lossIAS 16 "Property, Plant and those that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss.Equipment - Proceeds before Intended Use" on 1 January 2022. Refer to note 1.
F - 8
ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI LIMITED
Group – statement of financial position
AS AT December 31, 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 2018
Figures in millionsNotes202020192018
US Dollars
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Tangible assets152,884 2,592 3,381 
Right of use assets16142 158 
Intangible assets17131 123 123 
Investments in associates and joint ventures191,651 1,581 1,528 
Other investments20188 76 141 
Inventories2169 93 106 
Trade, other receivables and other assets22235 122 102 
Deferred taxation297 105 0 
Cash restricted for use2331 31 35 
5,338 4,881 5,416 
Current assets
Other investments200 10 6 
Inventories21733 632 652 
Trade, other receivables and other assets22229 250 209 
Cash restricted for use2342 33 31 
Cash and cash equivalents241,330 456 329 
2,334 1,381 1,227 
Assets held for sale90 601 0 
2,334 1,982 1,227 
Total assets7,672 6,863 6,643 
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Share capital and premium257,214 7,199 7,171 
Accumulated losses and other reserves(3,519)(4,559)(4,519)
Shareholders’ equity3,695 2,640 2,652 
Non-controlling interests45 36 42 
Total equity3,740 2,676 2,694 
Non-current liabilities
Borrowings261,789 1,299 1,911 
Lease liabilities16116 126 
Environmental rehabilitation and other provisions27731 697 827 
Provision for pension and post-retirement benefits2883 100 100 
Trade, other payables and provisions308 15 3 
Deferred taxation29246 241 315 
2,973 2,478 3,156 
Current liabilities
Borrowings26142 734 139 
Lease liabilities1637 45 
Trade, other payables and provisions30627 586 594 
Taxation31153 72 60 
959 1,437 793 
Liabilities held for sale90 272 0 
959 1,709 793 
Total liabilities3,932 4,187 3,949 
Total equity and liabilities7,672 6,863 6,643 
2020
Figures in millionsNotes202220212020
Restated (1)
Restated (1)
US Dollars
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Tangible assets134,209 3,493 2,917 
Right of use assets14156 175 142 
Intangible assets15106 122 131 
Investments in associates and joint ventures171,100 1,647 1,651 
Other investments183 117 188 
Inventories195 27 69 
Trade, other receivables and other assets20231 237 235 
Reimbursive right for post-retirement benefits2612 — — 
Deferred taxation2772 7 7 
Cash restricted for use2133 32 31 
5,927 5,857 5,371 
Current assets
Inventories19773 703 733 
Trade, other receivables and other assets20237 260 229 
Cash restricted for use2127 26 42 
Cash and cash equivalents221,108 1,154 1,330 
2,145 2,143 2,334 
Total assets8,072 8,000 7,705 
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Share capital and premium237,239 7,223 7,214 
Accumulated losses and other reserves(3,139)(3,181)(3,486)
Shareholders’ equity4,100 4,042 3,728 
Non-controlling interests34 52 45 
Total equity4,134 4,094 3,773 
Non-current liabilities
Borrowings241,965 1,858 1,789 
Lease liabilities14102 124 116 
Environmental rehabilitation and other provisions25634 729 731 
Provision for pension and post-retirement benefits2671 77 83 
Trade, other payables and provisions287 7 8 
Deferred taxation27300 313 246 
3,079 3,108 2,973 
Current liabilities
Borrowings2418 51 142 
Lease liabilities1484 61 37 
Trade, other payables and provisions28710 647 627 
Bank overdraft2 — — 
Taxation2945 39 153 
859 798 959 
Total liabilities3,938 3,906 3,932 
Total equity and liabilities8,072 8,000 7,705 

(1) The tangible assets and accumulated losses and other reserve balances for 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020 have been retrospectively restated and increased with $33m due to the initial application of the amendment to IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment - Proceeds before Intended Use” on 1 January 2022. Refer to note 1.
F - 9
ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI LIMITED
Group – statement of cash flows
FOR THE YEARS ENDED December 31, 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020
Figures in millionsNotes202220212020
Restated (1)
US Dollars
Cash flows from operating activities
Receipts from customers4,517 4,054 4,580 
Payments to suppliers and employees(3,273)(2,701)(2,714)
Cash generated from operations301,244 1,353 1,866 
Dividends received from joint ventures694 231��148 
Taxation refund2932 20 — 
Taxation paid29(166)(336)(431)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities from continuing operations1,804 1,268 1,583 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities from discontinued operations— — 109 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities1,804 1,268 1,692 
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditure
- project capital13(378)(392)(369)
- stay-in-business capital13(650)(635)(370)
Interest capitalised and paid(2)(14)(17)
Acquisition of assets13(517)— — 
Acquisition of intangible assets— (1)(1)
Dividends from associates and other investments18 22 9 
Proceeds from disposal of tangible assets8 25 3 
Other investments and assets acquired(16)(4)(8)
Proceeds from disposal of other investments— — 9 
Proceeds from disposal of joint ventures— 2 26 
Loans advanced(1)(15)— 
Loans repaid by associates and joint ventures— — 12 
Recognition of joint operation - cash— — 2 
Proceeds from disposal of discontinued assets and subsidiaries— — 200 
Decrease (increase) in cash restricted for use(4)14 (9)
Interest received81 58 27 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities from continuing operations(1,461)(940)(486)
Net cash outflow from investing activities from discontinued operations— — (31)
Cash in subsidiaries sold and transferred to held for sale— — 3 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities(1,461)(940)(514)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings24266 822 2,226 
Repayment of borrowings24(184)(820)(2,310)
Repayment of lease liabilities14(82)(63)(47)
Finance costs - borrowings24(99)(111)(110)
Finance costs - leases14(10)(9)(8)
Other borrowing costs(11)(35)(33)
Dividends paid(203)(240)(47)
Net cash outflow from financing activities from continuing operations(323)(456)(329)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents20 (128)849 
Translation(68)(48)25 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year1,154 1,330 456 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year (2)
221,106 1,154 1,330 
Figures in millionsNotes202020192018
US Dollars
Cash flows from operating activities
Receipts from customers4,411 3,535 3,339 
Payments to suppliers and employees(2,583)(2,433)(2,408)
Cash generated from operations321,828 1,102 931 
Dividends received from joint ventures148 77 91 
Taxation refund310 7 5 
Taxation paid31(431)(228)(171)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities from continuing operations1,545 958 856 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities from discontinued operations109 89 1 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities1,654 1,047 857 
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditure
- project capital(331)(336)(170)
- stay-in-business capital(370)(367)(405)
Interest capitalised and paid(17)(6)0 
Acquisition of intangible assets(1)0 0 
Dividends from other investments9 0 2 
Proceeds from disposal of tangible assets3 3 10 
Other investments acquired(8)(9)(13)
Proceeds from disposal of other investments9 3 7 
Investments in associates and joint ventures0 (5)(8)
Proceeds from disposal of joint ventures26 0 0 
Loans advanced to associates and joint ventures0 (3)(5)
Loans repaid by associates and joint ventures12 23 22 
Recognition of joint operation - cash2 0 0 
Proceeds from disposal of discontinued assets and subsidiaries200 0 0 
Decrease (increase) in cash restricted for use(9)0 (6)
Interest received27 14 5 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities from continuing operations(448)(683)(561)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities from discontinued operations(31)(54)226 
Cash in subsidiaries sold and transferred to held for sale3 (6)0 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities(476)(743)(335)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings2,226 168 753 
Repayment of borrowings(2,310)(123)(967)
Repayment of lease liabilities(47)(42)
Finance costs - borrowings26(110)(128)(130)
Finance costs - leases(8)(9)
Other borrowing costs(33)0 (10)
Dividends paid(47)(43)(39)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities from continuing operations(329)(177)(393)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities from discontinued operations0 0 0 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities(329)(177)(393)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents849 127 129 
Translation25 0 (5)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year456 329 205 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year241,330 456 329 
(1) Comparative periods have been retrospectively restated, where indicated, due to the initial application of the amendment to IAS 16 "Property, Plant and Equipment - Proceeds before Intended Use" on 1 January 2022. Refer to note 1.

(2)    Cash and cash equivalents at the end of December 2022 is net of a bank overdraft of $2m.
F - 10
ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI LIMITED
Group – statement of changes in equity
FOR THE YEARS ENDED December 31, 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020
Equity holders of the parentEquity holders of the parent
Figures in millionsFigures in millionsShare capital
and premium
Other capital reserves(1)
Retained earnings (Accumulated
losses)(2)
Fair value through OCIActuarial
gains
(losses)
Foreign
currency
translation
reserve (3)
TotalNon-
controlling
interests		Total
equity		Figures in millionsShare capital
and premium
Other capital reserves(2)
Retained earnings (Accumulated
losses)(1)
Fair value through OCIActuarial
gains
(losses)
Foreign
currency
translation
reserve (3)
TotalNon-
controlling
interests		Total
equity
US DollarsUS DollarsUS Dollars
Balance at 31 December 20177,134 124 (3,349)33 (16)(1,263)2,663 41 2,704 
Balance at 31 December 2019 RestatedBalance at 31 December 2019 Restated7,199 83 (3,273)45 (10)(1,409)2,635 36 2,671 
Profit (loss) for the yearProfit (loss) for the year— — 133 — — — 133 17 150 Profit (loss) for the year— — 991 — — — 991 18 1,009 
Other comprehensive income (loss)Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — 54 (150)(141)— (141)Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — 9210 22 124 — 124 
Total comprehensive income (loss)Total comprehensive income (loss)— — 133 54 (150)(8)17 9 Total comprehensive income (loss)— — 991 9210 22 1,115 18 1,133 
Shares issuedShares issued37 — — — — — 37 — 37 Shares issued15 — — — — — 15 — 15 
Share-based payment for share awards net of exercisedShare-based payment for share awards net of exercised— (17)— — — — (17)— (17)Share-based payment for share awards net of exercised— (3)— — — — (3)— (3)
Dividends paid (note 14)— — (24)— — — (24)— (24)
Dividends paid (note 12)Dividends paid (note 12)— — (38)— — — (38)— (38)
Dividends of subsidiariesDividends of subsidiaries— — — — — — — (15)(15)Dividends of subsidiaries— — — — — — — (9)(9)
Transfer of gain on disposal of equity investments— — 1 (1)— 0 — 0 
Recognition of joint operationRecognition of joint operation4 4 4 
Transfer on disposal and derecognition of equity investmentsTransfer on disposal and derecognition of equity investments— — 6 (6)— — — — — 
TranslationTranslation— (11)12 — — — 1 (1)0 Translation— (3)2 — 1 — — — — 
Balance at 31 December 20187,171 96 (3,227)37 (12)(1,413)2,652 42 2,694 
Balance at 31 December 2020 RestatedBalance at 31 December 2020 Restated7,214 77 (2,308)131 1 (1,387)3,728 45 3,773 
Profit (loss) for the yearProfit (loss) for the year— — (12)— — — (12)5 (7)Profit (loss) for the year— — 622 — — — 622 24 646 
Other comprehensive income (loss)Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — 8 2 4 14 — 14 Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — (78)(2)(25)(105)— (105)
Total comprehensive income (loss)Total comprehensive income (loss)— — (12)8 2 4 2 5 7 Total comprehensive income (loss)— — 622 (78)(2)(25)517 24 541 
Shares issuedShares issued28 — — — — — 28 — 28 Shares issued9 — — — — — 9 — 9 
Share-based payment for share awards net of exercisedShare-based payment for share awards net of exercised— (10)— — — — (10)— (10)Share-based payment for share awards net of exercised— 11 — — — — 11 — 11 
Dividends paid (note 14)— — (27)— — — (27)— (27)
Dividends paid (note 12)Dividends paid (note 12)— — (224)— — — (224)— (224)
Dividends of subsidiariesDividends of subsidiaries— — — — — — — (16)(16)Dividends of subsidiaries— — — — — — — (16)(16)
Transactions with non-controlling interests— (4)— — — — (4)4 0 
TranslationTranslation— 1 (2)— — — (1)1 0 Translation— (4)6 — (1)— 1 (1)— 
Balance at 31 December 20197,199 83 (3,268)45 (10)(1,409)2,640 36 2,676 
Balance at 31 December 2021 RestatedBalance at 31 December 2021 Restated7,223 84 (1,904)53 (2)(1,412)4,042 52 4,094 
Profit (loss) for the yearProfit (loss) for the year— — 953 — — — 953 18 971 Profit (loss) for the year297 297 19 316 
Other comprehensive income (loss)Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — 92 10 22 124 — 124 Other comprehensive income (loss)(36)(10)(28)(74)(74)
Total comprehensive income (loss)Total comprehensive income (loss)— — 953 92 10 22 1,077 18 1,095 Total comprehensive income (loss)— — 297 (36)(10)(28)223 19 242 
Shares issuedShares issued15 — — — — — 15 — 15 Shares issued16 16 16 
Share-based payment for share awards net of exercised— (3)— — — — (3)— (3)
Dividends paid (note 14)— — (38)— — — (38)— (38)
Dividends paid (note 12)Dividends paid (note 12)— — (181)— — — (181)— (181)
Dividends of subsidiariesDividends of subsidiaries— — — — — — — (9)(9)Dividends of subsidiaries— — — — — — (37)(37)
Recognition of joint operation4 4 4 
Transfer on disposal and derecognition of equity investments— — 6 (6)— — 0 — 0 
Transfer on derecognition of equity investmentTransfer on derecognition of equity investment— — 69 (69)— — — — — 
TranslationTranslation— (3)2 — 1 — 0 — 0 Translation— (3)4 — (1)— — — — 
Balance at 31 December 20207,214 77 (2,341)131 1 (1,387)3,695 45 3,740 
Balance at 31 December 2022Balance at 31 December 20227,239 81 (1,715)(52)(13)(1,440)4,100 34 4,134 
(1)The (Accumulated losses) Retained earnings balances have been restated, where indicated, due to the initial application of the amendment to IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment - Proceeds before Intended Use” on 1 January 2022. Refer to note 1.
(2)Other capital reserves include a surplus on disposal of Company shares held by companies prior to the formation of AngloGold Ashanti Limited of $10m (2019: $10m; 2018:$8m (2021: $9m; 2020: $10m), surplus on equity transaction of joint venture of $36m (2019:(2021: $36m; 2018:2020: $36m), equity items for share-based payments of $33m (2019: $39m; 2018:$48m)$39m (2021: $41m; 2020: $33m) and other reserves.

(2)Included in accumulated losses are retained earnings totalling $391m (2019: $378m; 2018: $283m) arising at the equity accounted investments and certain subsidiaries which may not be remitted without third party consent.

(3) Foreign currency translation reserve includes a loss of $101m relating to the sale of the South African operations that will not re-cycle through the Income statement. Of the remaining balance, a loss of $1,295m relates to further balances$1,400m (2021: $1,399m; 2020: $1,396m) that will not re-cycle through the Income statement on disposal of the non-foreign operations, and a gainloss of $40m (2021: $13m: 2020: $9m gain) relating to the foreign operations that will re-cycle through the Income statement on disposal, (refer to note 1).disposal.
F - 11

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI LIMITED
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
FOR THE YEARS ENDED 31 December, 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020

1    ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Statement of complianceSTATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE

The consolidated and Company financial statements are prepared in compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Interpretations of those standards, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), SAICA Financial Reporting Guides as issued by the Accounting Practices Committee, Financial Reporting Pronouncements as issued by the Financial Reporting Standards Council, JSE Listings Requirements and in the manner required by the South African Companies Act, 2008.

New standards and interpretations issued

The financial statements have been drawn up on the basis of accounting standards, interpretations and amendments effective at the beginning of the accounting period on 1 January 2020. The adoption of the new standards, interpretations and amendments effective from 1 January 2020 had no material impact on the group.

AngloGold Ashanti assesses the significance of newAccounting standards, interpretations and amendments to published accounting standards in issue that are not yet adopted but are likely to affect the financial reporting in future years.

We have identified thatThe following amendments to IFRS were effective for the IAS 16 "Property, Plant and Equipment", amendment "Property, Plant and Equipment—Proceeds before Intended Use" issued by the IASB in May 2020 with an effective date offirst time from 1 January 2022, is likely to affect the financial reporting in future years.2022:

•Amendments to IAS 16 amendment "Property, Plant‘Property, plant and Equipment—Proceedsequipment’ relating to proceeds before Intended Use"intended use;

The Group adopted the amendment to IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment - Proceeds before Intended Use” on 1 January 2022. The amendment prohibits deducting from the cost of an item of property, plant and equipment any proceeds from selling items produced while bringing that asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Instead, an entity recognises the proceeds from selling such items, and the cost of producing those items, in profit or loss. AnThe cost allocation requires significant judgement in terms of this amendment. In accordance with the transitional provisions of IAS 16 an entity applies the amendments retrospectively to items of property, plant and equipment made available for use on or after the beginning of the earliest period presented when the entity first applies the amendment. Management is assessing the impact the amendment will have on the group.

Interest Rate Benchmark Reform - Phase 2 Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16

The Amendments are effective for annual periods beginningadoption of the amendment on or after 1 January 2021, with early application permitted. The Amendments focus2022 resulted in a retrospective increase in property, plant and equipment and gross profit of $38m for 31 December 2020 (2019: decrease of $5m). There was no impact on the effects on financial statements when an entity replaces the old interest rate benchmark with an alternative benchmark rate2021 results as a consequenceno revenue was capitalised in 2021. The effects of the global regulatory reform of key interbank offered rates (IBORs). The group2019 and 2020 restatement has IBOR linked borrowings and isbeen included in the process of identifying and negotiating with bank syndicates, new reference rates on the IBOR linked borrowings, including the considerationaccumulated losses opening balance of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate which is2020 and 2021 financial reporting period respectively. The impact arises from the recommended USD LIBOR alternative. Refer to note 26 for detailsreclassification of IBOR linked borrowings.

Restatementrevenue, cost of prior year disclosures

Statement of comprehensive Income

During 2020,sales, and tangible assets and the group completedresulting amortisation recalculation, resulting exclusively from the sale of its South African operations, including several South African subsidiaries. As a resultredevelopment of the sale,Obuasi mine. No other operation was impacted by the Foreign Currency Translation Reserve (FCTR) balance was reassessed. It was determined that the FCTR, which had originated from non-foreign operations would not recycle through the income statement. Non-foreign operations are those entities with the same functional currency (ZAR) as the AngloGold Ashanti Limited parent company, which is different to the group presentation currency (USD). IAS 21 is silent regarding such a situation where a subsidiary is partially or fully disposed of resulting in a partial or full releaseadoption of the FCTR associated with the subsidiary. The statement of comprehensive income previously disclosed all foreign currency translation differences as “Items that will be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss”. As a result of the reassessment, the FCTR has been split between “Items that will be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss” and “Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss”. The comparatives have been restated to include the revised disclosure.amendment

F - 12

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

20212020
US Dollar millionAs previously reportedAdjustments

Restated

As previously reported
AdjustmentsRestated
Statement of financial position
Tangible assets (note 13)3,460 33 3,493 2,884 33 2,917 
(Accumulated losses) and other reserves(3,214)33 (3,181)(3,519)33 (3,486)
Income statement
Revenue from product sales (note 3)4,029 — 4,029 4,427 168 4,595 
Cost of sales (note 4)(2,857)— (2,857)(2,699)(130)(2,829)
Gross profit1,172 — 1,172 1,709 38 1,747 
Operating profit810 — 810 1,459 38 1,497 
Profit before taxation958 — 958 1,589 38 1,627 
Profit after taxation from continuing operations646 — 646 964 38 1,002 
Profit for the year646 — 646 971 38 1,009 
Basic earnings per ordinary share (US cents) (1)
(note 11)
148 — 148 227 9 236 
Basic earnings per ordinary share (US cents) from continuing operations (note 11)148 — 148 225 9 234 
Diluted earnings per ordinary share (US cents) (1)
(note 11)
148 — 148 227 9 236 
Diluted earnings per ordinary share (US cents) from continuing operations (note 11)
148 — 148 225 9 234 
Statement of Comprehensive Income
Profit for the year646 — 646 971 38 1,009 
Total comprehensive income for the year541 — 541 1,095 38 1,133 
Equity shareholders - Continuing operations517 — 517 1,121 38 1,159 
Statement of changes in equity
Retained earnings (Accumulated losses)(1,937)33 (1,904)(2,341)33 (2,308)
Statement of cash flows
Receipts from customers4,054 — 4,054 4,411 169 4,580 
Payments to suppliers and employees(2,701)— (2,701)(2,583)(131)(2,714)
Cash generated from operations (note 30)1,353 — 1,353 1,828 38 1,866 
Net cash inflow from operating activities from continuing operations1,268 — 1,268 1,545 38 1,583 
Net cash inflow from operating activities1,268 — 1,268 1,654 38 1,692 
Capital expenditure - project capital (note 13)(392)— (392)(331)(38)(369)
Net cash inflow from investing activities from continuing operations(940)— (940)(448)(38)(486)
Net cash inflow from investing activities(940)— (940)(476)(38)(514)
Other Disclosures
Basic headline earnings per share (note 11)146 — 146 238 10 248 
Diluted headline earnings per share (note 11)146 — 146 238 9 247 
(1) There was no impact on basic and diluted earnings per ordinary share from discontinued operations

The restatement has no impact on reported totals in the statement of comprehensive income of profit (loss) for the period; other comprehensive income (loss) for the period, net of tax; total comprehensive income (loss) for the period, net of tax; or on earnings per share or headline earnings per share for the period.

Figures in millions20192018
US DollarsAs previously reportedAdjustmentsRestatedAs previously reportedAdjustmentsRestated
Profit (loss) for the period(7)0 (7)150 0 150 
Items that will be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations4 (4)0 (150)100 (50)
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:10 4 14 9 (100)(91)
Exchange differences on translation of non-foreign operations0 4 4 0 (100)(100)
Net gain on equity investments6 0 6 9 0 9 
Actuarial gain recognised2 0 2 5 0 5 
Deferred taxation thereon2 0 2 (5)0 (5)
Other comprehensive (loss) income for the period, net of tax14 0 14 (141)0 (141)
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the period, net of tax7 0 7 9 0 9 


F - 13

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


1    STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE continued

•Amendments to IAS 37 ‘Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets’ relating to onerous contracts - costs of fulfilling a contract;
•Amendments to IFRS 3 ‘Business Combinations’ with regards to updating a reference to the conceptual framework; and
•Annual improvements to IFRS Standards 2018 – 2020 for IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ relating to lease incentives and IFRS 9 ‘Financial Instruments’ relating to fees in the ’10 per cent’ test for derecognition of financial liabilities.

Other than the amendment to IAS 16, these amendments had no material impact on the Group.

The significant accounting principles applied infollowing amendments to IFRS were early adopted by the presentation of the group annual financial statements are set out below.Group effective from 1 January 2022:

•Amendments to IAS 1 ‘Presentation of Financial Statements’ with regards to the disclosure of accounting policies;
•Amendments to IAS 8 ‘Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors’ relating to the definition of accounting estimates;
•Amendments to IAS 1 ‘Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-Current’; and
•Amendments to IAS 1 ‘Non-Current Liabilities with Covenants’.

The adoption of these amendments had no material impact on the Group.


Accounting standards, amendments and interpretations issued which are relevant to the Group, but not yet effective

The new accounting standards and amendments to accounting standards issued which are relevant to the Group, but not yet effective on 31 December 2022, include:

IFRS 17 'Insurance Contracts' and Amendments to IFRS 17 'Insurance Contracts'

IFRS 17 replaces IFRS 4 ‘Insurance Contracts’ and sets out principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of insurance contracts. IFRS 17 requires insurance liabilities to be measured at a current fulfilment value and provides a more uniform approach for all insurance contracts. The standard and the amendments to the standard is effective for the Group’s reporting period starting on 1 January 2023 and will be applied retrospectively. The effect of the implementation of the new standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Group’s results.

Amendments to IAS 12 ‘Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction’

This amendment narrowed the scope of the recognition exemption in paragraphs 15 and 24 of IAS 12 (recognition exemption) so that it no longer applies to transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. This should mainly impact right of use assets and lease liabilities and decommissioning, restoration and similar liabilities and the corresponding amounts recognised as part of the cost of the related asset. The amendments are effective for the Group from 1 January 2023, will be applied retrospectively and are not expected to materially impact the Group.
F - 14

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


1    STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE continued

1.1    BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements are prepared according to the historical cost convention, except for the revaluation of certain financial instrumentsassets and liabilities to fair value. The group’sGroup’s accounting policies as set out below are consistent in all material respects with those applied in the previous year.

The groupGroup financial statements are presented in US dollars.

All notes are from continuing operations unless otherwise stated.

The groupGroup financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company, its subsidiaries and its interests in joint ventures and associates. The financial statements of all material subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates, are prepared for the same reporting period as the holding company,Company, using the same accounting policies.

Subsidiaries are all entities over which the groupGroup has control. The groupGroup controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. Control would generally exist where the groupGroup owns more than 50% of the voting rights, unless the groupGroup and other investors collectively control the entity where they must act together to direct the relevant activities. In such cases, as no investor individually controls the entity the investment is accounted for as an associate, joint venture or a joint operation. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the group.Group. They are deconsolidated from the date on which control ceases. The groupGroup re-assesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control.

Intra-group transactions, balances and unrealised gains and losses on transactions between group companies, including any resulting tax effects are eliminated.

The significant accounting judgements and estimates applied in the presentation of the Group and Company annual financial statements are set out below. The accounting policies adopted are detailed in Annexure A: “Summary of material accounting policies”.
1.2    SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES

Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements requires the group’sGroup’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The determination of estimates requires the exercise of judgement based on various assumptions and other factors such as historical experience, current and expected economic conditions, and in some cases actuarial techniques. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The more significant areas requiring the use of management estimates and assumptions relate to OreMineral Reserve that are the basis of future cash flow estimates and unit-of-production depreciation, depletion and amortisation calculations; environmental, reclamation and closure obligations; asset impairments/reversals (including impairments of goodwill); production start date; recoverability of indirect taxes; recoverability of deferred tax assets; and write-downswrite downs of inventory to net realisable value. Other estimates include employee benefit liabilities, unrecognised tax positions and deferred compensation assets.

EstimatesThe complex or subjective judgements that have the most significant effect on amounts recognised and judgementssources of estimation uncertainty where there is a significant risk of material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities with the next reporting period are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The uncertainty of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy and on the group has been considered in judgements made and in the key assumptions used in management's estimates. Key assumptions include items such as commodity prices, exchange rates and changes in interest rates.

The judgementsapplied by management has applied in the application of accounting policies, and the estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are discussed below.








F - 15

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Use of estimates continued

Carrying value of tangible assets

Amortisation
The majority of mining assets are amortised using the units-of-production method where the mine operating plan calls for production from a well-defined provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve.

F - 14

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For other tangible assets, the straight-line method is applied over the estimated useful life of the asset which does not exceed the estimated mine life based on provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve as the useful lives of these assets are considered to be limited to the life of the relevant mine.Assets are amortised to residual values. Residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the beginning of each financial year.

The calculation of the units-of-production rate of amortisation could be impacted to the extent that actual production in the future is different from current forecast production based on provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve. This would generally arise from the following factors:
•changes in provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve;
•the grade of OreMineral Reserve may vary significantly from time to time;
•differences between actual commodity prices and commodity price assumptions;
•unforeseen operational issues at mine sites; and
•changes in capital, operating, mining, processing and reclamation costs, discount rates and foreign exchange rates.

Changes in provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve could similarly impact the useful lives of assets amortised on the straight-line method, where those lives are limited to the life of the mine.

Stripping costs
The groupGroup has a number of surface mining operations that are in the production phase for which production stripping costs are incurred. The benefits that accrue to the groupGroup as a result of incurring production stripping costs include (a) ore that can be used to produce inventory and (b) improved access to further quantities of material that will be mined in future periods.

The production stripping costs relating to improved access to further quantities of material in future periods are capitalised as a stripping activity asset, if and only if, all of the following are met:
•It is probable that the future economic benefit (improved access to the orebody) associated with the stripping activity will flow to the group;Group;
•The groupGroup can identify the component of the orebody for which access has been improved; and
•The costs relating to the stripping activity associated with that component or components can be measured reliably.

Components of the various orebodies at the operations of the groupGroup are determined based on the geological areas identified for each of the orebodies and are reflected in the OreMineral Reserve reporting of the group.Group. In determining whether any production stripping costs should be capitalised as a stripping activity asset, the groupGroup uses three operational guidance measures; two of which relate to production measures, while the third relates to an average stripping ratio measure.

Once determined that any portion of the production stripping costs should be capitalised, the groupGroup determines the amount of the production stripping costs that should be capitalised with reference to the average mine costs per tonne of the component and the actual waste tonnes that should be deferred. Stripping activity assets are amortised on the units-of-production method based on the OreMineral Reserve of the component or components of the orebody to which these assets relate.

This accounting treatment is consistent with that for stripping costs incurred during the development phase of a pit, before production commences, except that stripping costs incurred during the development phase of a pit, before production commences, are amortised on the units-of-production method based on the OreMineral Reserve of the pit.

Deferred stripping costs are included in ‘Mine development costs’, within tangible assets. These costs form part of the total investment in the relevant cash-generating unit, which is reviewed for impairment if events or a change in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Amortisation of stripping activity assets is included in cost of sales.

Impairment
The groupGroup reviews and tests the carrying value of tangible assets when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Assets are grouped at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of cash flows of other assets, which is generally at the individual mine level. If there are indications that impairment may have occurred, estimates are prepared of expected future cash flows for each group of assets. Expected future cash flows used to determine the value in use of goodwill and tangible assets are inherently uncertain and could materially change over time and impact the recoverable amounts. The cash flows and value in use are significantly affected by a number of factors including published OreMineral Reserve, Mineral Resource, exploration potential and production estimates, together with economic factors such as spot and future metal prices, discount rates, foreign currency exchange rates, estimates of costs to produce Ore Mineral
F - 16

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Use of estimates continued

Reserve and future capital expenditure. AtThe estimated future cash flows and discount rates are post-tax. Discounting post-tax cash flows at a post-tax discount rate yields the same result as discounting pre-tax cash flows at a pre-tax discount rate.At the reporting date the groupGroup assesses whether any of the indicators which gave rise to previously recognised impairments have changed such that the impairment loss no longer exists or may have decreased. The impairment loss is then assessed on the original factors for reversal and if indicated, such reversal is recognised.

An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and value in use.

The recoverable amount is estimated based on the positive indicators. If an impairment loss has decreased, the carrying amount is recorded at the recoverable amount as limited in terms of IAS 36 Impairment of Assets.
F - 15

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The carrying value of tangible assets at 31 December 20202022 was $2,884m (2019: $2,592m; 2018: $3,381m)$4,209m (2021: $3,493m; 2020: $2,917m). The impairment and derecognition of tangible assets recognised in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020 (including impairment of tangible assets transferred to held for sale)2022 was NaN (2019: $505m; 2018: $104m)$282m (2021: $6m; 2020: nil).

Production start date

The groupGroup assesses the stage of each mine construction project to determine when a project moves into the production stage. The criteria used to assess the start date are determined by the unique nature of each mine construction project and include factors such as the complexity of a plant and its location. The groupGroup considers various relevant criteria to assess when the construction project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use and moves into the production stage. The criteria used in the assessment would include, but are not limited to the following:

•the level of capital expenditure compared to the construction cost estimates;
•completion of a reasonable period of testing of the constructed asset;
•adequacy of stope face;
•ability to produce metals in saleable form (within specifications); and
•ability to sustain ongoing production of metal.

When a mine construction project moves into the production stage, the capitalisation of certain mine construction costs ceases and costs are either regarded as inventory or expensed, except for capitalisable costs related to mining asset additions or improvements, underground mine development, deferred stripping activities, or Ore Reserve development.

Phase 12 of the Obuasi mine re-development project, after initially being delayed due to voluntary suspension of all underground activities following a sill pillar incident during May 2021, moved into the production stage on 1 October 20202022 when it was determined that the Phase 12 assets were capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Development expenditure

Development activities commence after project sanctioning by the appropriate level of management. Judgement is applied by management in determining when a project has reached a stage at which economically recoverable reserves exist such that development may be sanctioned. In exercising this judgement, management is required to make certain estimates and assumptions that may change as new information becomes available. If, after having started the development activity, a judgement is made that a development asset is impaired, the appropriate amount will be written off to the income statement. Capitalised development costs are included as assets under construction and mine development costs in tangible assets, refer note 15.

Carrying value of goodwill

Where an investment in a subsidiary, joint venture or an associate is made, any excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the attributable Mineral Resource including value beyond provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve, exploration properties and net assets is recognised as goodwill.

Goodwill is not subject to amortisation and is tested annually for impairment and whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.

An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable independent cash flows (cash-generating units).

An individual operating mine is not a typical going-concern business because of the finite life of its OreMineral Reserve. The allocation of goodwill to an individual mine will result in an eventual goodwill impairment due to the wasting nature of the mine reporting unit. In accordance with the provisions of IAS 36, the groupGroup performs its annual impairment review of assigned goodwill during the fourth quarter of each year, refer to note 15 for impairment assumptions.

The carrying value of goodwill in the consolidated financial statements at 31 December 20202022 was $126m (2019: $116m; 2018: $116m)$105m (2021: $119m; 2020: $126m). NaN impairmentImpairment of goodwill was recognised in the consolidated financial statements for the yearsyear ended 31 December 2020, 2019 and 2018.2022 was $8m (2021: nil; 2020: nil).


F - 17

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Use of estimates continued

Income taxes

The groupGroup is subject to income taxes in numerous jurisdictions. Significant judgement is required in determining the worldwide provision for income taxes due to the complexity of legislation. There are many transactions and calculations for which the
ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. The groupGroup recognises liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different
F - 16

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made.

The groupGroup tax reconciliation between tax expense and the product of accounting profit multiplied by the applicable tax rate, prepared in accordance with IAS 12 Income Taxes, applies the South African domestic corporate tax rate of 28 percent. This rate will be reduced to 27 percent with effect for years of assessment ending on or after 31 March 2023.

The groupGroup recognises the net future tax benefit related to deferred income tax assets to the extent that it is probable that the deductible temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future. Assessing the recoverability of deferred income tax assets requires the groupGroup to make significant estimates related to expectations of future taxable income. Estimates of future taxable income are based on forecast cash flows from operations and the application of existing tax laws in each jurisdiction. To the extent that future cash flows and taxable income differ significantly from estimates, the ability of the groupGroup to realise the net deferred tax assets recorded at the reporting date could be impacted.

Additionally, future changes in tax laws in the jurisdictions in which the groupGroup operates could limit the ability of the groupGroup to obtain tax deductions in future periods.

Carrying values at 31 December 2020:2022:
•deferred tax asset: $72m (2021: $7m; 2020: $7m (2019: $105m; 2018:NaN );
•deferred tax liability: $246m (2019: $241m; 2018: $315m)$300m (2021: $313m; 2020: $246m);
•taxation liability: $153m (2019: $72m; 2018: $60m)$45m (2021: $39m; 2020: $153m);
•taxation asset: $14m (2019: $10m; 2018: $6m)$41m (2021: $49m; 2020: $14m), included in trade, other receivables and other assets; andassets.
•
The unrecognised value of deferred tax assets: $487m (2019: $389m; 2018: $501m)assets is $857m (2021: $834m; 2020: $487m).

Provision for environmental rehabilitation obligations

The group’sGroup incurs obligations to close, restore and rehabilitate its mine sites affected by mining and exploration activities which are subject to various laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment. The groupGroup recognises management’s best estimate for decommissioning and restoration obligations in the period in which they are incurred.incurred and the costs can be reasonably estimated. The determination of the provision is based on, among other considerations, judgements and estimates of current damage caused, timing and amount of future costs to be incurred to rehabilitate the mine sites, estimates of future inflation, exchange rates and discount rates. Future changes to environmental laws and regulations, technology, life of mine estimates, inflation rates, foreign currency exchange rates and discount rates could affect the carrying amount of this provision.provision, cannot be predicted with certainty and could have a material impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. A sensitivity assessment is included in note 25.

The carrying amount of the rehabilitation obligations (including held for sale rehabilitation obligations) for the groupGroup at 31 December 20202022 was $674m (2019: $730m; 2018: $637m).$578m (2021: $673m; 2020: $659m ). Note 25 provides information about related environmental guarantees and bonds.

Stockpiles and metals in process

Costs that are incurred in or benefit the production process are accumulated in stockpiles and metals in process values. Net realisable value tests are performed at least annually and represent the estimated future sales price of the product, based on prevailing and long-term metals prices, less estimated costs to complete production and bring the product to sale.

Surface and underground stockpiles and metals in process are measured by estimating the number of tonnes added and removed from the stockpile, the number of contained ounces based on assay data, and the estimated recovery percentage based on the expected processing method. Stockpile ore tonnages are verified by periodic surveys.

Although the quantities of recoverable metal are reconciled by comparing the grades of ore to the quantities of metals actually recovered (metallurgical balancing), the nature of the process inherently limits the ability to precisely monitor recoverability levels. As a result, the metallurgical balancing process is constantly monitored and engineering estimates are refined based on actual results over time.

F - 18

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Use of estimates continued

Variations between actual and estimated quantities resulting from changes in assumptions and estimates that do not result in write-downswrite downs to net realisable value are accounted for on a prospective basis.

The carrying value of inventories (excluding finished goods and mine operating supplies) for the groupGroup at 31 December 20202022 was $382m (2019: $377m; 2018: $404m)$306m (2021: $299m; 2020: $382m).


Recoverable tax, rebates, levies and duties

In a number of countries, particularly in AfricaTanzania and Argentina, AngloGold Ashanti is due refunds of indirect tax which remain outstanding for periods longer than those provided for in the respective statutes refer note 22.statutes. The Group uses probability weighted discounting models together with the expected timing of recovery of these refunds to estimate their fair values and related discounting effects which are updated at each reporting period. Timing of the recoverability and the resultant probabilities is updated based on several factors including ongoing correspondence and meetings with the relevant authorities and available income taxes for off-sets, if applicable. Where the recovery of the indirect tax refunds is tied to off-set arrangements against income taxes, the modeled scenarios incorporate judgements around the applicable mine’s business plan and availability of future income tax off-sets. The Group consults tax and legal specialists to determine the current basis of applicable laws and regulations in the associated jurisdictions which are highly complex and subject to interpretation. Future changes to such laws and regulations or the interpretation thereof could have a material impact on the carrying value of these assets, results of operations and cash flows.

In addition, AngloGold Ashanti has unresolved non-income tax disputes in a number of countries, particularly in Africa and inTanzania, Brazil and Argentina. If the outstanding input taxes are not received and these disputes are not resolved in a manner favourable to AngloGold Ashanti, it could have a material adverse effect upon the carrying value of these assets and our results of operations.

F - 17

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The net carrying value of recoverable tax, rebates, levies and duties (excluding normal taxation assets) for the groupGroup at 31 December 20202022 was $281m (2019: $227m; 2018: $194m).$307m (2021: $304m; 2020: $281m) and is included in trade, other receivables and other assets, refer note 20.

Post-retirement obligations

The determination of the group’sGroup’s obligation and expense for post-retirement liabilities, including the Group's reimbursive asset relating to annuities purchased to fund the obligation, depends on the selection of certain assumptions used by actuaries to calculate amounts. These assumptions include, among others, the discount rate, the expected long-term rate of return of plan assets, health care inflation costs, rates of increase in compensation costs and the number of employees who reach retirement age before the mine reaches the end of its life. While AngloGold Ashanti believes that these assumptions are appropriate, significant changes in the assumptions may materially affect post-retirement obligations as well as future expenses, which may result in an impact on earnings in the periods that the changes in these assumptions occur.

The carrying value of the post-retirement obligations at 31 December 20202022 was $83m (2019: $100m; 2018: $100m)$71m (2021: $77m; 2020: $83m).

OreMineral Reserve estimates

An OreThe Group reports its Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve in accordance with Subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR § 229.1300) (“Regulation S-K 1300”) as well as the minimum standards described by the South African Code for the reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve, 2016 Edition (SAMREC Code).

A Mineral Reserve estimate is an estimate of the amounttonnage and grade or quality of productIndicated and Measured Mineral Resource that can be the basis of an economically viable project. More specifically, it is the economically mineable part of a Measured or Indicated Mineral Resource, which includes diluting materials and legally extracted fromallowances for losses that may occur when the group’s properties.material is mined or extracted. In order to calculateestimate the OreMineral Reserve, estimates and assumptions are required about a range of geological, technical and economic factors, including quantities, grades, production techniques, recovery rates, production costs, transport costs, commodity demand, commodity prices and exchange rates.

Estimating the quantity and/or grade of the OreMineral Reserve requires the size, shape and depth of orebodies to be determined by analysing geological data such as the logging and assaying of drill samples. This process may require complex and difficult geological judgements and calculations to interpret the data.

The group is required to determine and report its Ore ReserveWith the change in accordance with the minimum standards described by the South African Code for the reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves (The SAMREC Code, 2016 Edition).

Because the economic assumptions used to estimate changes in the OreMineral Reserve from period to period, and because additional geological data is generated during the course of operations, estimates of the OreMineral Reserve may change from

F - 19

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Use of estimates continued

period to period. Changes in the reported OreMineral Reserve may affect the group’sGroup’s financial results and financial position in a number of ways, including the following:

•asset carrying values may be affected due to changes in estimated future cash flows;
•depreciation, depletion and amortisation charged in the income statement may change where such charges are determined by the units-of-production method, or where the useful economic lives of assets change;
•overburden removal costs, including production stripping activities, recorded on the statement of financial position or charged in the income statement may change due to changes in stripping ratios or the units-of-production method of depreciation;
•decommissioning site restoration and environmental provisions may change where changes in the estimated OreMineral Reserve affect expectations about the timing or cost of these activities; and
•the carrying value of deferred tax assets may change due to changes in estimates of the likely recovery of the tax benefits.

Provision for silicosis

The Settlement Agreement in the silicosis and tuberculosis class action litigation became operational on 10 December 2019. A settlement trust, known as the Tshiamiso Trust, was established to carry out the terms of the Settlement Agreement. Significant judgement is applied in estimating the costs that will be incurred to settle the silicosis class action claims and related expenditure. The final costs may differ from current cost estimates. The provision is based on actuarial assumptions including:
•silicosis prevalence rates;
•estimated settlement per claimant;
•benefit take-up rates;
•disease progression rates;
•timing of cashflows; and
•discount rate.

Management believes the assumptions are appropriate, however changes in the assumptions may materially affect the provision and final costs of settlement. A sensitivity assessment is included in note 25.

The carrying value of the silicosis provision at 31 December 20202022 was $61m (2019: $65m; 2018: $63m)$35m (2021: $50m; 2020: $61m).

Identification, classification and disposal of discontinued operations held for sale

During 2019, the decision to sell the remaining South African operations was made, judgement was applied regarding classification of the disposal group as held for sale at year end, and whether the disposal group should be classified as a
F - 18

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
discontinued operation. The South AfricanDeferred compensation asset sale was assessed as a major geographical area of operations and part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a major geographical area of operations and accordingly, it was classified as a discontinued operation. The sale was announced on 12 February 2020 and closed on 30 September 2020. The fair value less costs to sell of the held for sale disposal group at date of sale is included in note 9.

As a consequence of the sale of the South African operations in 2020, a deferred compensation asset was recognised. The deferred compensation asset is included at fair value in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Management used a probability weighted discounted cash flow model to measure the deferred compensation asset. The significant inputs and assumptions used in the discounted cash flow calculation, includedinclude the production plan over the deferred compensation period and the weighted average cost of capital. Details of the valuation, including a sensitivity assessment, are included in note 35.33.

The carrying value of the deferred compensation asset at 31 December 20202022 was $28m.$12m (2021: $25m; 2020: $28m).

Contingencies

By their nature, contingencies will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of such contingencies inherently involves the exercise of significant judgement and estimates of the outcome of future events. Such contingencies include, but are not limited to environmental obligations, litigation, regulatory proceedings, tax matters and losses resulting from other events and developments. Refer note 1210 for tax uncertainties and contingencies and note 3432 for litigationlegal claims and other contingencies.

When a loss is considered probable and reasonably estimable, a liability is recorded in the amount of the best estimate for the ultimate loss. The likelihood of a loss with respect to a contingency can be difficult to predict and determining a meaningful estimate of the loss or a range of loss may not always be practicable based on the information available at the time and the potential effect of future events and decisions by third parties that will determine the ultimate resolution of the contingency. It is not uncommon for such matters to be resolved over many years, during which time relevant developments and new information is continuously evaluated to determine both the likelihood of any potential loss and whether it is possible to reasonably estimate a range of possible losses. When a loss is probable but a reasonable estimate cannot be made, disclosure is provided.

In determining the threshold for disclosure on a qualitative and quantitative basis, management considers the potential for a disruptive effect on the normal functioning of the groupGroup and/or whether the contingency could impact investment decisions. Such qualitative matters considered are reputational risks, regulatory compliance issues and reasonable investor considerations. For quantitative purposes, an amount of $18m$33m has been considered.

As a global company, the groupGroup is exposed to numerous legal risks. The outcome of currently pending and future proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. Litigation and other judicial proceedings as a rule raise difficult and complex legal issues and are subject to uncertainties and complexities including, but not
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

limited to, the facts and circumstances of each particular case, issues regarding the jurisdiction in which each suit is brought and differences in applicable law. Upon resolution of any pending legal matter, the groupGroup may be forced to incur charges in excess of the presently established provisions and related insurance coverage. It is possible that the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the groupGroup could be materially affected by the unfavourable outcome of litigation.
COVID-19 pandemic
AngloGold Ashanti recognises that all our stakeholders have a direct and material interest in the way in which we, as a business, prepare for and respond to COVID-19 at our operations, in our communities and in the regions and countries in which we operate. We are guided by our values and a pledge to protect the healthUse of our employees and host communities, while working to ensure business continuity.estimates continued
Climate change considerations

The group has worked alongside authoritiesCompany’s 2021 TCFD-aligned Climate Change Report outlines the Board-approved Climate Change Strategy and key stakeholders inseeks to embed the management of physical and transition climate risks and opportunities into the Company’s strategic and operational planning processes, a process that is enabled through a refreshed company-wide climate change governance framework. The report also summarises at a high level specific outcomes from the physical climate risk assessment conducted at each operating country to assist public health efforts and to help slow the spread of the virus. Measures have been taken to help protectoperating assets, considering the well-beingbusiness as usual scenario. The potential effect of our employeesdecarbonisation scenarios and communities.other transition risks on the Company’s business strategy and planning assumptions including the cost of energy and other key mining inputs, is an area that will be addressed through the continued implementation of the Company’s Climate Change Strategy.

Unlike other major mineral resources companies, AngloGold Ashanti continuesdoes not mine or extract fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas or oil. AngloGold Ashanti does, however, emit greenhouse gases directly through the combustion of fuels and other energy products at its gold mining operations and indirectly through the consumption of electricity purchased from national grids that include fossil-based energy in its production. AngloGold Ashanti has committed to respond toa target of net zero Scope 1 and 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 in line with the evolving COVID-19 pandemic while contributing to the global effort to stop the spreadambitions of the virusParis Agreement, as a member of the International Council on Mining and provide public health and economic relief to local communities. TheMetals (ICMM). As a member of the ICMM, the Company has taken a number of proactive stepsalso committed to protect employees, host communities and the business itself. These initiatives have complemented government responsesaccelerating action on Scope 3 emissions, including setting credible targets in each of its operating jurisdictions. Our thoughts and prayers arepartnership with the families, colleagues and loved ones of those who have been impactedsuppliers, if not by the virus.

As of the end of March 2021, second waves of the outbreak are being experienced in several of our operating jurisdictions, coinciding with the prevalence of new, more contagious variants of the virus. As with the first wave, the increase in cases is being countered by government-imposed movement restrictions, including mandatory isolation and quarantine measures. Continued diligence is being observed to strict health protocols and vigilance in relation to business continuity including supply chain. We remain mindful that the COVID-19 pandemic, its impacts on communities and economies, and the actions authorities may take in response to it, are subject to change in response to current conditions.2023, as soon as possible thereafter.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.3    SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANTMATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Equity-accounted investments

Joint ventures and Associates

A joint venture is an entity in which the groupGroup holds a long-term interest and which the groupGroup and one or more other ventures jointly control under a contractual arrangement, that provides for strategic, financial and operating policy decisions relating to the activities requiring unanimous consent of the parties sharing control. The group’s interests inIn a joint arrangements classified as joint ventures are accountedventure the Group has rights to the net assets of the arrangement, rather than rights to its assets and obligations for using the equity method.

Profits and losses realised in connection with transactions between the group and joint ventures are eliminated in proportion to share ownership. Such profits and losses are deducted from the group’s equity and related statement of financial position amount and released in the group accounts when the assets are effectively realised outside the group. Dividends received from joint ventures are included in operating activities in the cash flow statement.

Associates

The equity method of accountingits liabilities. An associate is used for investmentsan investment over which the groupGroup exercises significant influence, but not control or joint control, over the financial and operating policies and normally owns between 20% and 50% of the voting equity.

Joint ventures and Associates are equity-accounted from the effective date of acquisition to the effective date of disposal.

Profits and losses realised in connection with transactions between the group and associated companies are eliminated in proportion to share ownership. Such profits and losses are deducted from the group’s equity and related statement of financial position amount and released in the group accounts when the assets are effectively realised outside the group. Dividends received from associates are included in investing activities in the cash flow statement.

Joint ventures and associates

If necessary, impairment and impairment reversals on loans and equity are reported under share of joint ventures and associates profit and loss.

Any losses of equity-accounted investments are accounted for in the consolidated financial statements until the investment in such investments is written down to zero. Thereafter, losses are accounted for only insofar as the groupGroup is committed to providing financial support to such investees.

The carrying value of equity-accounted investments represents the cost of each investment, including goodwill, balance outstanding on loans advanced if the loan forms part of the net investment in the investee, any impairment / impairment reversals recognised, the share of post-acquisition retained earnings and losses, and any other movements in reserves. The carrying value of equity-accounted investments is reviewed when indicators arise and if any impairment / impairment reversal has occurred; it is recognised in the period in which the impairment arose. If necessary, impairment and impairment reversals on loans and equity are reported under share of joint ventures and associates profit and loss
In the cash flow statement, dividends received from joint ventures are included in operating activities and dividends received from associates are included in investing activities.

In determining materiality for the disclosure requirements of IFRS 12 “DisclosureDisclosure of Interest in Other Entities”,Entities, management has assessed that amounts representing the carrying value of at least 90% of the investments in associates and joint ventures balances, reported in the statement of financial position, constitute quantitative materiality.




Joint operations
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


A joint operation is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the use of assets and obligations for the liabilities of the arrangement. The groupGroup accounts for activities under joint operations by recognising, in relation to the joint operation, the assets it controls and the liabilities it incurs, the expenses it incurs and the revenue from the sale or use of its share of the joint operations output.

Foreign currency translation

Functional currency

Items included in the financial statements of each of the group’sGroup’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the ‘functional currency’). The functional currency of the parent companyCompany is South African Rands.


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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the approximate exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of foreign currencysuch transactions, and from the translation at the reporting period exchange rate of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, are recognised in the income statement.profit or loss.

Group companies

The results and financial position of all groupGroup entities (none of which has the currency of a hyperinflationary economy) that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows:
•share capital and premium are translated at historicalusing closing rates of exchange at the reporting date;
•retained earnings are converted at historical average exchange rates;
•date for assets and liabilities, average rates of exchange for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of
•that statement of financial position;
•year for income and expensesexpense items and historical rates of exchange for each income statement presented are translated at monthly average exchange rates (unless
•this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates,
• in which case income and expenses are translated at the rates prevailing at the date of the transaction); and
•allequity items. All resulting exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income and presented as a separate
•component of equity (foreign currency translation reserve, or FCTR).

Exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in foreign operations and of borrowings and other currency instruments designated as hedges of such investments, are accounted for as other comprehensive income on consolidation. On repayment or realisation of net investments in foreign operations, the resulting FCTR is recycled to the income statement. On disposal of non-foreign operations, where the parent’s functional currency, is the same as the subsidiary’s, associate’s, joint venture’s or branch’s functional currency, no reclassification of FCTR is required.

Segment reporting

An operating segment is a business activity whose results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (CODM) in order to make decisions about resources to be allocated to it and to assess its performance and for which discrete financial information is available. The chief executive officer and the executive committee are collectively identified as the CODM.

Tangible assets

Tangible assets are recorded at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairments/reversals. Cost includes pre-production expenditure incurred during the development of a mine and the present value of related future decommissioning costs.

Interest on borrowings relating to the financing of major capital projects under construction is capitalised during the construction phase as part of the cost of the project. Such borrowing costs are capitalised over the period during which the asset is being acquired or constructed and borrowings have been incurred. Capitalisation ceases when construction is interrupted for an extended period or when the asset is substantially complete. Other borrowing costs are expensed as incurred.

When there is an indication that the recoverable amount of any of the tangible assets is less than the carrying value, the recoverable amount is estimated and the difference is recognised as an impairment.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the asset will flow to the group, and the cost of the addition can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the income statement during the financial period in which they are incurred.

To the extent a legal or constructive obligation to a third party exists, the acquisition cost includes estimated costs of dismantling and removing the asset and restoring the site. A change in estimated expenditures for dismantling, removal and restoration is added to or deducted from the carrying value of the related asset. To the extent that the change would result in a negative carrying amount of the related asset, this effect is recognised as income. The change in depreciation charge is recognised prospectively.

For assets amortised on the units-of-production method, amortisation is calculated to allocate the cost of each asset to its residual value over its estimated useful life. For assets not amortised on the units-of-production method, amortisation is calculated over their estimated useful life as follows:

•buildings up to life of mine;
•plant and machinery up to life of mine;
•equipment and motor vehicles up to five years; and
•computer equipment up to three years; andyears.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
•leased assets over the shorter of the period of the lease and the useful life of the leased asset.

Major renovations are depreciated over the remaining useful life of the related asset or to the date of the next major renovation, whichever is sooner.

Assets are amortised to residual values. Residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the beginning of each financial year.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing net sale proceeds with the carrying amount at the date of sale. These are included in the income statement.

Mine development costs

Capitalised mine development costs include expenditure incurred to develop new orebodies, to define further mineralisation in existing orebodies and to expand the capacity of a mine. Mine development costs include acquired provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve at cost at the acquisition date. These costs are amortised from the date on which the assets are ready for use as intended by management.

Depreciation, depletion and amortisation of mine development costs are computed by the units-of-production method based on estimated provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve. The provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve reflects estimated quantities of OreMineral Reserve which can be recovered economically in the future from known mineral deposits.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Capitalised mine development costs also include stripping activity assets relating to production stripping activities incurred in the production phase of open-pit operations of the group.Group. Once determined that any portion of the production stripping costs should be capitalised, the groupGroup determines the average mine costs per tonne of the component and the waste tonnes to which the production stripping costs relate to determine the amount of the production stripping costs that should be capitalised. Stripping activity assets are amortised on a units-of-production method based on the OreMineral Reserve of the component of the orebody to which these assets relate.

The average mine cost per tonne of the component is calculated as the total expected costs to be incurred to mine the relevant component of the orebody, divided by the number of tonnes expected to be mined from the component. The average mine cost per tonne of the component to which the stripping activity asset relates are recalculated annually in the light of additional knowledge and changes in estimates.

Mine infrastructure

Mine plant facilities, including decommissioning assets, are amortised using the lesser of their useful life or units-of-production method based on estimated provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve.

Equipment, furniture and fittings in the Company financial statements are included in Mine infrastructure in the Group financial statements.

Land and assets under construction

Land and assets under construction are not depreciated and are measured at historical cost less impairments.

Mineral rights and dumps

Mineral rights are amortised using the units-of-production method based on the estimated provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve. Dumps are amortised over the period of treatment.

Exploration and evaluation assets

All pre-license and exploration costs, including geological and geographical costs, labour, Mineral Resource and exploratory drilling cost, are expensed as incurred, until it is concluded that a future economic benefit will more likely than not be realised. In evaluating if expenditures meet this criterion to be capitalised, several different sources of information are used depending on the level of exploration. While the criterion for concluding that expenditure should be capitalised is always probable, the information used to make that determination depends on the level of exploration:

•Costs on greenfields sites, being those where the groupGroup does not have any mineral deposits which are already being mined or developed under the planned method of extraction, are expensed as incurred until the groupGroup is able to demonstrate that future economic benefits are probable, which generally will be the establishment of provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve at this location;
•Costs on brownfields sites, being those adjacent to mineral deposits which are already being mined or developed under the planned method of extraction, are expensed as incurred until the groupGroup is able to demonstrate that future economic benefits are probable, which generally will be the establishment of increased inclusive provedProven and probable Ore Reserve,Probable Mineral Resource, after which the expenditure is capitalised as a mine development cost; and
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
•Costs relating to extensions of mineral deposits, which are already being mined or developed, including expenditure on the definition of mineralisation of such mineral deposits, are capitalised as a mine development cost.

Costs relating to property acquisitions are capitalised within mine development costs.

Impairment of non-financial assets

The Group’s non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each reporting date or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable, to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. An impairment test is performed annually on all goodwill, intangible assets not yet in use and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives irrespective of whether any impairment indicators have been identified.

For non-financial assets or cash generating units, in circumstances in which indicators of impairment are identified, a formal impairment test is required to be carried out. The impairment test compares the assets or cash generating units (CGUs) carrying amount with its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of the amounts calculated under the fair value less cost of disposal and value in use approaches.

Value-in-use is estimated using a discounted cash flow model. The future cash flows are adjusted for risks specific to the asset and is adjusted where applicable to consider any specific risks relating to the country where the asset or cash-generating unit is
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

located. Future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money.

A cash-generating unit is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets. The composition and nature of the Group’s CGUs vary and is determined largely by identifying the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates independent cash inflows and factors specific to the Group’s mining operations. The Group’s CGUs are generally at the individual mine level with some operating mines consisting of a combination of shafts and/or pits.

The Group allocates regional support assets to the CGUs. If there is an indication that a regional support asset may be impaired, then the recoverable amount is determined for the CGU to which the corporate asset belongs.

Exploration assets are tested for impairment whenever facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying amount is not recoverable. Assets will be allocated to CGUs or groups of CGUs based on how the entity manages its operations i.e., by mineral within a specific geographic area. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the assets or CGUs carrying amount exceeds their recoverable amount.

Development expenditure

Development activities commence after project sanctioning by the appropriate level of management. Judgement is applied by management in determining when a project has reached a stage at which economically recoverable reserves exist such that development may be sanctioned. In exercising this judgement, management is required to make certain estimates and assumptions that may change as new information becomes available. If, after having started the development activity, a judgement is made that a development asset is impaired, the appropriate amount will be written off to the income statement. Capitalised development costs are included as assets under construction and mine development costs in tangible assets.

Goodwill

Where an investment in a subsidiary, joint venture or an associate is made, any excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the attributable Mineral Resource including value beyond Proven and Probable Ore Reserves,Mineral Reserve, exploration properties and net assets is recognised as goodwill. Goodwill in respect of subsidiaries is disclosed as goodwill.

Goodwill relating to subsidiaries is tested annually for impairment and carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Gains and losses on the disposal of an entity include the carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity sold. Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units for the purpose of impairment testing.

Leases

The groupGroup assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease at inception of a contract. The groupGroup recognises a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability with respect to all lease agreements in which it is the lessee, except for short-term leases (defined as leases with a lease term of 12 months or less with no purchase option) and leases of low value assets.assets, where the recognition exemption is applied. For these leases, the groupGroup recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease unless another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted by using the rate implicit in the lease. If this rate cannot be readily determined, the groupGroup uses its incremental borrowing rate. The groupincremental borrowing rate is the rate that the Group would have to pay to borrow the funds necessary to obtain an asset of similar value to the right of use asset in a similar economic environment with similar terms, security and conditions. The Group applies the IFRS 16 portfolio approach in determining the discount rate for leases. As such a single discount rate has been used for contracts that share similar characteristics. The groupGroup has determined that contracts that are denominated in the same currency will use a single discount rate. This rate has been determined using various factors including in-country borrowings as well as other sources of finance. Contracts may contain both lease and non-lease components. The groupGroup allocates the consideration in the contract to the lease and non-lease components based on their relative stand-alone prices.

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise:
•fixed lease payments (including in-substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives;
•variable lease payments that depend on an index or rate, initially measured using the index or rate at the commencement date;
•the amount expected to be payable by the lessee under residual value guarantees;
•the exercise price of purchase options, if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise the options; and
•payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the exercise of an option to terminate the lease.

The lease liability is presented separately in the consolidated statement of financial position, allocated to non-current and current liabilities.

The lease liability is subsequently measured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability (using the effective interest method) and by reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The groupGroup remeasures the lease liability (and makes a corresponding adjustment to the related right-of-use asset) whenever:
•the lease term has changed or there is a change in the assessment of exercise of a purchase option, in which case the lease liability is remeasured by discounting the revised lease payments using a revised discount rate;
•the lease payments change due to changes in an index or rate or a change in expected payment under a guaranteed residual value, in which cases the lease liability is remeasured by discounting the revised lease payments using the initial discount rate (unless the lease payments change is due to a change in a floating interest rate, in which case a revised discount rate is used);
•a lease contract is modified and the lease modification is not accounted for as a separate lease, in which case the lease liability is remeasured by discounting the revised lease payments using a revised discount rate.

The right-of-use assets comprise the initial measurement of the corresponding lease liability, lease payments made at or before the commencement day, any initial direct costs and restoration costs as described below. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.

The lease term is determined as the non-cancellable period of a lease, together with:
•periods covered by an option to extend the lease if the groupGroup is reasonably certain to make use of that option; and / or
•periods covered by an option to terminate the lease, if the groupGroup is reasonably certain not to make use of that option.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Whenever the groupGroup incurs an obligation for costs to dismantle and remove a leased asset, restore the site on which it is located or restore the underlying asset to the condition required by the terms and conditions of the lease, a provision is recognised and measured under IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets. The costs are included in the related right-of-use asset, unless those costs are incurred to produce inventories.

Right-of-use assets are depreciated over the shorter period of lease term and useful life of the underlying asset. If a lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the groupGroup expects to exercise a purchase option, the related right-of-use asset is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The depreciation starts at the commencement date of the lease.

The right-of-use assets are presented as a separate line in the consolidated statement of financial position.

The groupGroup applies IAS 36 Impairment of Assets to determine whether a right-of-use asset is impaired and accounts for any identified impairment loss accordingly.

Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations

Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as having been met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset (or disposal group) is available for immediate sale in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.

Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

Tangible assets, right of use assets and intangible assets are not depreciated once classified as held for sale.

A disposal group qualifies as a discontinued operation if it is a component of an entity that either has been disposed of, or is classified as held for sale, and:
•represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations;
•is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations; or
•is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale.

Discontinued operations are excluded from the results of continuing operations and are presented as a single amount as profit or loss after tax from discontinued operations in the statement of profit or loss.

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value after appropriate allowances for redundant and obsolete items. Cost is determined on the following bases:
•metals in process are valued at the average total production cost at the relevant stage of production;
•gold doré/bullion is valued on an average total production cost method;
•ore stockpiles are valued at the average moving cost of mining and stockpiling the ore. Stockpiles are classified as a non-current asset where the stockpile exceeds current processing capacity;
•by-products, which include silver and sulphuric acid, are valued using an average total production cost method;
•mine operating supplies are valued at average cost; and
•heap leach pad materials are measured on an average total production cost basis.

A portion of the related depreciation, depletion and amortisation charge is included in the cost of inventory. Impairments resulting from a decrease in prices are disclosed in other expenses, all other impairmentsInventory write downs are included in cost of sales.

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the group has a present obligation, whether legal or constructive, because of a past event for which it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Where some or all of the expenditure required to settle a provision is expected to be reimbursed by another party, the reimbursement is recognised only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The amount to be reimbursed is recognised as a separate asset. Where the group has a joint and several liability with one or more other parties, no provision is recognised to the extent that those other parties are expected to settle part or all of the obligation.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Provisions are measured at the present value of management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the reporting date. The discount rate used to determine the present value reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

Litigation and administrative proceedings are evaluated on a case-by-case basis considering the information available, including that of legal counsel, to assess potential outcomes. Where it is considered probable that an obligation will result in an outflow of resources, a provision is recorded for the present value of the expected cash outflows if these are reasonably measurable. These provisions cover the estimated payments to plaintiffs, court fees and the cost of potential settlements.
Employee benefits

Other post-employment benefit obligations

Some group companies provide post-retirement health care benefits to their retirees. The entitlement to these benefits is usually conditional on the employee remaining in service up to retirement age and completion of a minimum service period. The expected costs of these benefits are accrued over the period of employment using an accounting methodology on the same basis as that used for defined benefit pension plans. Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recorded in other comprehensive income immediately. These obligations are valued annually by independent qualified actuaries.

Termination benefits

Termination benefits are payable when employment is terminated before the normal retirement date, or when an employee accepts voluntary redundancy in exchange for these benefits. The group recognises a liability and expense for termination benefits at the earlier of the following dates: (a) when the entity can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits; and (b) when the entity recognises costs for a restructuring that is within the scope of IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets and involves the payment of termination benefits. The group recognises termination benefits when it is demonstrably committed to either terminating the employment of current employees according to a detailed formal plan without possibility of withdrawal; or providing termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy based on the number of employees expected to accept the offer. Benefits falling due more than 12 months after reporting date are discounted to present value.

Share-based paymentsEnvironmental Expenditure

The group’s management awards certain employee bonuses in the form of equity-settled share-based payments on a discretionary basis.

The fair value of the equity instruments granted is calculated at grant date. For transactions with employees, fair value is based on market prices of the equity instruments granted, if available, taking into account the terms and conditions upon which those equity instruments were granted. If market prices of the equity instruments granted are not available, the fair value of the equity instruments granted is estimated using an appropriate valuation model. Vesting conditions, other than market conditions, are not taken into account when estimating the fair value of shares or share options at measurement date.

Over the vesting period, the fair value at measurement date is recognised as an employee benefit expense with a corresponding increase in other capital reserves based on the group’s estimate of the number of instruments that will eventually vest. The income statement charge or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period. Vesting assumptions for non-market conditions are reviewed at each reporting date to ensure they reflect current expectations.

When options are exercised or share awards vest, the proceeds received, net of any directly attributable transaction costs, are credited to share capital (nominal value) and share premium.

Where the terms of an equity settled award are modified, as a minimum, an expense is recognised as if the terms had not been modified. In addition, an expense is recognised for any modification which increases the total fair value of the share-based payment arrangement, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee, as measured at the date of the modification.

In addition, the group’s management awards certain employee bonuses in the form of a cash settled scheme, whereby awards granted are linked to the performance of the company’s share price. A liability is recognised based upon the grant date fair value and is subsequently remeasured to the closing share price at each reporting date up to the date of vesting. Remeasurements to fair value are recognised in the income statement.

Environmental expenditure

The groupGroup has long-termlong term remediation obligations comprising decommissioning and restoration liabilities relating to its past operations which are based on the group’sGroup’s environmental management plans, in compliance with current environmental and
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
regulatory requirements. Provisions for non-recurring remediation costs are made when there is a present obligation, it is probable that expenditure on remediation work will be required and the cost can be estimated within a reasonable range of possible outcomes. The costs are based on currently available facts, technology expected to be available at the time of the clean-up, laws and regulations presently or virtually certain to be enacted and prior experience in remediation of contaminated sites.

Decommissioning costs

The provision for decommissioning represents the cost that will arise from rectifying damage caused before production commences. Accordingly, a provision and a decommissioning asset is recognised and included within mine infrastructure.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Decommissioning costs are provided at the present value of the expenditures expected to settle the obligation, using estimated cash flows based on current prices. The unwinding of the decommissioning obligation is included in the income statement. Estimated future costs of decommissioning obligations are reviewed regularly and adjusted as appropriate for new circumstances or changes in law or technology. Changes in estimates are capitalised or reversed against the relevant asset. Estimates are discounted at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money.

Gains or losses from the expected disposal of assets are not taken into account when determining the provision.

Restoration costs

The provision for restoration represents the cost of restoring site damage after the start of production. Changes in the provision are recorded in the income statement as a cost of production.

Restoration costs are estimated at the present value of the expenditures expected to settle the obligation, using estimated cash flows based on current prices and adjusted for risks specific to the liability. The estimates are discounted at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money.

Other

Litigation and administrative proceedings are evaluated on a case-by-case basis considering the information available, including that of legal counsel, to assess potential outcomes. Where it is considered probable that an obligation will result in an outflow of resources, a provision is recorded for the present value of the expected cash outflows if these are reasonably measurable. These provisions cover the estimated payments to plaintiffs, court fees and the cost of potential settlements.

Where some or all of the expenditure required to settle a provision is expected to be reimbursed by another party, the reimbursement is recognised only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The amount to be reimbursed is recognised as a separate asset. Where the Group has a joint and several liability with one or more other parties, no provision is recognised to the extent that those other parties are expected to settle part or all of the obligation.

Employee benefits

Post-employment benefit obligations

Some Group companies provide post-retirement health care benefits to their retirees. The entitlement to these benefits is usually conditional on the employee remaining in service up to retirement age and completion of a minimum service period. The expected costs of these benefits are accrued over the period of employment using an accounting methodology on the same basis as that used for defined benefit pension plans. Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recorded in other comprehensive income immediately. These obligations are valued annually by independent qualified actuaries.

Some of these obligations are funded with a purchased insurance policy to which the Group contributes premiums to. As this insurance policy does not meet the definition of a qualifying insurance policy the entity recognises its right to reimbursement under the insurance policy as a separate asset measured at fair value similar to a defined benefit plan asset. Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recorded in other comprehensive income immediately. These obligations are valued annually by independent qualified actuaries.

Termination benefits

Termination benefits are payable when employment is terminated before the normal retirement date, or when an employee accepts voluntary redundancy in exchange for these benefits. The Group recognises a liability and expense for termination benefits when it is demonstrably committed to either terminating the employment of current employees according to a detailed formal plan without possibility of withdrawal; or providing termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy based on the number of employees expected to accept the offer. Benefits falling due more than 12 months after reporting date are discounted to present value.

Share-based payments

The Group’s management awards certain employee bonuses in the form of equity-settled share-based payments on a discretionary basis.
The fair value of the equity instruments granted is calculated at grant date. For transactions with employees, fair value is based on market prices of the equity instruments granted, if available, taking into account the terms and conditions upon which those equity instruments were granted. If market prices of the equity instruments granted are not available, the fair value of the equity instruments granted is estimated using an appropriate valuation model. Vesting conditions, other than market conditions, are not taken into account when estimating the fair value of shares or share options at measurement date.
F - 26

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Over the vesting period, the fair value at measurement date is recognised as an employee benefit expense with a corresponding increase in other capital reserves based on the Group’s estimate of the number of instruments that will eventually vest. The income statement charge or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period. Vesting assumptions for non-market conditions are reviewed at each reporting date to ensure they reflect current expectations.

When options are exercised or share awards vest, the proceeds received, net of any directly attributable transaction costs, are credited to share capital (nominal value) and share premium.

Where the terms of an equity settled award are modified, as a minimum, an expense is recognised as if the terms had not been modified. In addition, an expense is recognised for any modification which increases the total fair value of the share-based payment arrangement, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee, as measured at the date of the modification.

In addition, the Group’s management awards certain employee bonuses in the form of a cash settled scheme, whereby awards granted are linked to the performance of the Company’s share price. A liability is recognised based upon the grant date fair value and is subsequently remeasured to the closing share price at each reporting date up to the date of vesting. Remeasurements to fair value are recognised in the income statement.

Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognised when control of the goods passes to the customer and the performance obligations of transferring control have been met. The amount of revenue recognised reflects the consideration to which the entity is entitled in exchange for the goods transferred.

Revenue from product sales comprises sales of:
•refined gold;
•by-products including silver and sulphuric acid; and
•doré bars.

Revenue from product sales is recognised at a point in time.

Taxation

Deferred taxation is recognised on all qualifying temporary differences at the reporting date between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes.

Deferred tax assets are only recognised to the extent that it is probable that the deductible temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at future anticipated tax rates, which have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Current and deferred tax is recognised as income or expense and included in profit or loss for the period, except to the extent that the tax arises from a transaction or event which is recognised, in the same or a different period in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, or an acquisition that is a business combination that is an acquisition.combination.

Current tax is measured on taxable income at the applicable statutory rate enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Interest and penalties, if any, are recognised in the income statement as part of taxation expense if based on the specific facts and circumstances, the entity has determined that the interest (receivable or payable) and penalties payable to the tax authorities are an income tax.


F - 26

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Other expenses and income

Items of income and expense, not included in gross profit, that are:
•material either quantitatively or qualitatively, or both;
•non-recurring;
•not directly related to current operating or financing activities ; and
•not disclosed separately on the face of the income statement,
•are classified as Other expenses (income) on the face of the income statement

Financial instruments

Financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value when the groupGroup becomes a party to their contractual arrangements. Transaction costs directly attributable to the instrument’s acquisition or issue are included in the initial measurement of financial
F - 27

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

assets and financial liabilities, except financial instruments classified as at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)., which are expensed. The subsequent measurement of financial instruments is dealt with below.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. Financial liabilities subsequently measured at amortizedamortised cost compromise of interest bearing borrowings, bank overdrafts and trade and other payables.

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged, cancelled or expires. The groupGroup also derecognises a financial liability when its terms are modified and the cash flows of the modified liability are substantially different. In this case a new financial liability based on the modified terms is recognised at fair value.

Financial assets

On initial recognition, aA financial asset is classified as measured at:
•amortisedAmortised cost;
•Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI) - equity instruments; or
•FVTPL.

At initial recognition, the group measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at FVTPL, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at FVTPL, are expensed.

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it is held within the business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows and its contractual terms give rise, on specified dates, to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Assets at amortised cost include include trade, other receivables and other assets, cash restricted for use and cash and cash equivalents. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the effective interest rate method. Any gain

On derecognition of a financial asset, the difference between the proceeds received or loss arising on derecognitionreceivable and the carrying amount of the asset is recognised directlyincluded in profit or loss and presented in other gains or losses, together with foreign exchange gains or losses.loss. Impairment losses are presented in the statement of profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at FVTPL is recognised in profit or loss and presented net within other gains or lossesforeign exchange and fair value adjustments in the period in which it arises. On derecognition

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, deposits on call and other short-term highly liquid investments with a maturity period of a financial asset, the difference between the proceeds receivedthree months or receivableless at date of purchase. Cash and thecash equivalents are stated at carrying amount which fairly approximates its fair value. For the purposes of the assetstatement of cash flows cash and cash equivalents is includednet of bank overdrafts as it forms an integral part of the Group’s cash management.

Cash restricted for use
Cash restricted for use comprises cash and cash equivalents including amounts held in profit or loss.escrow, trust, separate bank accounts and cash held by joint operations which are not available for general use by the Group. Cash restricted for use for more than 12 months is classified as a non-current financial asset.

Equity instruments
Listed and unlisted equity investments are included in Other investments in the Statement of financial position. Listed equity investments which are held to meet rehabilitation liabilities are classified as FVTPL. Listed equity investments held for other purposes are classified as FVTOCI.

The groupGroup subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value. Where the group’sGroup’s management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in OCI, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss following the derecognition of the investment. Dividends from such investments continue to be recognised in profit or loss as other income when the group’sGroup’s right to receive payments is established. Residual values in OCI are reclassified to retained earnings (accumulated losses) on derecognition of the related FVTOCI instruments. Changes in the fair value of financial assets at FVTPL are recognised in other gains or losses in the statement of profit or loss as applicable.

Trade receivables
Trade receivables mainly comprise receivables owing from banking institutions purchasing gold bullion. Normal market settlement terms are two working days. Trade receivables are recognised on settlement date.


F - 27

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Deferred compensation asset
Deferred consideration is treated as a financial instrument to the extent that it constitutes a right to receive cash from a third party and measured at FVTPL. Thepresented net within foreign exchange and fair value changeadjustments in the deferred compensation asset is recognisedperiod in "Other gains/losses" in the income statement.which it arises.

Impairment of financial assets
Financial assets at amortised cost consist of trade receivables, loans, cash and cash equivalents, cash restricted for use and debt instruments.securities. Impairment losses are assessed using the forward-looking expected credit loss (ECL) approach. An allowance is recorded for all loans and other debt financial assets not held at FVTPL. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. Trade receivable loss allowances are measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL’s. Loss allowances are deducted from the gross carrying amount of the assets.assets and the movement on the loss allowance is recognised in profit and loss. Debt securities that are determined to have a low credit risk at the reporting date and bank balances, for which credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition, are measured at an amount equal to 12-month ECL.

Fair value measurementsFinancial guarantees in the parent company
F - 28

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Financial guarantee contracts are recognised as a financial liability at the time the guarantee is issued. The group measures financial instrumentsliability is initially measured at fair value at each reporting date where relevant. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.value. The fair value of an asset or a financial guarantee contract is the present value of the difference between the net contractual cash flows required under a debt instrument, and the net contractual cash flows that would have been required without the guarantee. The liability is measured usingamortised in a straight line over the assumptions that market participants would use when pricingperiod the asset or liability, assuming that market participants actguarantee remains in their economic best interest.place.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the group has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy. The group uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.





F - 2829


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(continued)



2    SEGMENTAL INFORMATION

AngloGold Ashanti Limited’sAshanti’s operating segments are being reported based on the financial information regularly provided to the Chief Executive Officer and the Executive Committee, collectively identified as the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM). The group produces gold as its primary product and does not have distinct divisional segments in terms of principal business activity, but manages its business on the basis of different geographic segments (including equity accounted joint venture investments). Individual members of the Executive Committee are responsible for geographic regions of the business.

Group analysis by originThe reportable segment information is as follows:
Figures in millionsGold income
US Dollars202020192018
Geographical analysis of gold income by origin is as follows:
Africa(1)
2,769 2,203 1,983 
Australia989 851 780 
Americas1,211 1,000 1,021 
4,969 4,054 3,784 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(647)(615)(581)
Continuing operations4,322 3,439 3,203 
Discontinued operations - South Africa408 554 602 
4,730 3,993 3,805 
Foreign countries included in the above and considered material are:
Australia989 851 780 
Argentina00 387 
Brazil853 679 0 
Ghana536 0 0 
Tanzania1,133 849 715 
DRC647 504 468 
Geographical analysis of gold income by destination is as follows:
South Africa943 981 946 
North America580 486 450 
South America1 0 0 
Australia989 851 780 
Europe358 329 387 
United Kingdom2,098 1,407 1,221 
4,969 4,054 3,784 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(647)(615)(581)
Continuing operations4,322 3,439 3,203 
Discontinued operations - South Africa408 554 602 
Continuing and discontinued operations4,730 3,993 3,805 
aligned with the Group’s new operating model which was announced in 2021 and implemented during 2022.

Figures in millionsBy product revenue
US Dollars202020192018
Africa(1)
4 3 4 
Australia3 3 2 
Americas99 81 128 
106 87 134 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(1)(1)(1)
Continuing operations105 86 133 
Discontinued operations - South Africa1 1 6 
106 87 139 
Under the new operating model, the manner in which the financial results are reported to the CODM and the composition of the operating segments continue to be reported per geographical region. In addition, a new segment, Projects has been introduced from the implementation of the new operating model (previously reported under the America’s segment). The Projects segment comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities. The comparative information of the affected operating segment information has been restated.

In addition to the geographical reportable segments structure, the Group has voluntarily disaggregated and disclosed the financial information on a line-by-line basis for each mining operation to facilitate comparability of mine performance.
F - 2930

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(continued)

2    SEGMENTAL INFORMATIONGroup analysis by origin is as follows:
Figures in millionsGold income
US Dollars202220212020
Restated (8)
Geographical analysis of gold income by origin is as follows:
Africa * (1)
2,981 2,644 2,937 
Kibali - Attributable 45%596 659 647 
Iduapriem443 361 485 
Obuasi431 204 219 
Siguiri591 545 453 
Geita920 875 1,133 
Australia *967 890 989 
Sunrise Dam410 416 459 
Tropicana - Attributable 70%557 474 530 
Americas *1,036 1,028 1,211 
Cerro Vanguardia319 279 358 
AngloGold Ashanti Mineração557 600 649 
Serra Grande160 149 204 
4,984 4,562 5,137 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(596)(659)(647)
Continuing operations4,388 3,903 4,490 
Discontinued operations - South Africa— — 408 
4,388 3,903 4,898 
Foreign countries included in the above and considered material are:
Australia967 890 989 
Argentina319 279 358 
Brazil717 749 853 
Ghana874 565 704 
Guinea591 545453 
Tanzania920 875 1,133 
DRC596 659 647 
Geographical analysis of gold income by destination is as follows:
South Africa #
599 669 661 
North America409 699 580 
South America33 34 1 
Australia967 890 989 
Europe319 279 358 
United Kingdom2,066 1,446 2,095 
Other #
591 545 453 
4,984 4,562 5,137 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(596)(659)(647)
Continuing operations4,388 3,903 4,490 
Discontinued operations - South Africa— — 408 
Continuing and discontinued operations4,388 3,903 4,898 
# (continued)The Siguiri gold production is sold through an agent to multiple customers, the destination which is not determinable and as a result allocated to the Other category in the geographical analysis. The comparatives previously included under South Africa have been reclassified accordingly.

The group'sGroup's revenue is mainly derived from gold income. Approximately 38%55% of the group'sGroup's total gold produced is sold to twothree customers of the group:Group: ANZ Investment Bank Ltd 18% andin Australia (20%), Standard Chartered Bank 20%in the United Kingdom (22%), and JP Morgan Chase N.A. London in the United Kingdom (13%). Due to the diversity and depth of the total gold market, the bullion banks do not possess significant pricing power.

Figures in millions
Gross profit (loss) (2)
US Dollars202020192018
Africa(1)
1,201 605 380 
Australia286 221 160 
Americas(1)
532 265 310 
Corporate and other(2)1 2 
2,017 1,092 852 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(308)(188)(102)
Continuing operations1,709 904 750 
Discontinued operations - South Africa83 79 22 
1,792 983 772 


Figures in millionsCost of sales
US Dollars202020192018
Africa(1)
1,572 1,601 1,607 
Australia705 632 622 
Americas (1)
764 822 838 
Corporate and other(2)(1)(3)
3,039 3,054 3,064 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(340)(428)(480)
Continuing operations2,699 2,626 2,584 
Discontinued operations - South Africa287 479 589 
2,986 3,105 3,173 


Figures in millionsAmortisation
US Dollars202020192018
Africa(1)
349 367 379 
Australia160 173 149 
Americas(1)
163 177 192 
Corporate and other2 3 3 
674 720 723 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(104)(137)(165)
Continuing operations570 583 558 
Discontinued operations - South Africa0 61 72 
570 644 630 


F - 30

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

2    SEGMENTAL INFORMATION (continued)
Figures in millions
Total assets (1)(3)(4)
US Dollars202020192018
South Africa0 697 1,106 
Africa3,956 3,514 3,135 
Australia1,044 972 888 
Americas1,626 1,427 1,286 
Corporate and other1,046 253 228 
7,672 6,863 6,643 


Figures in millions
Non-current assets (5)
US Dollars202020192018
Non-current assets considered material, by country are:
South Africa59 25 1,005 
Foreign entities5,053 4,644 4,234 
DRC1,604 1,506 1,439 
Ghana915 758 550 
Tanzania425 379 369 
Australia849 817 718 
Brazil627 625 615 
F - 31

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Figures in millionsBy product revenue
US Dollars202220212020
Africa * (1)
4 5 4 
Kibali - Attributable 45%1 2 1 
Iduapriem1 1 1 
Obuasi1 — — 
Siguiri— 1 — 
Geita1 1 2 
Australia *4 4 3 
Sunrise Dam1 1 1 
Tropicana - Attributable 70%3 3 2 
Americas *106 119 99 
Cerro Vanguardia75 93 82 
AngloGold Ashanti Mineração31 26 17 
114 128 106 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(1)(2)(1)
Continuing operations113 126 105 
Discontinued operations - South Africa— — 1 
113 126 106 
(continued)

Figures in millionsCost of sales
US Dollars202220212020
Restated (8)
Africa * (1)
2,004 1,650 1,702 
Kibali - Attributable 45%342 350 340 
Iduapriem314 238 280 
Obuasi266 164 164 
Siguiri488 410 377 
Geita594 488 542 
Administration and other— — (1)
Australia *783 740 705 
Sunrise Dam371 364 342 
Tropicana - Attributable 70%382 346 338 
Administration and other30 30 25 
Americas *913 822 764 
Cerro Vanguardia273 261 269 
AngloGold Ashanti Mineração477 435 392 
Serra Grande162 123 101 
Administration and other1 3 2 
Corporate and other4 (5)(2)
3,704 3,207 3,169 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(342)(350)(340)
Continuing operations3,362 2,857 2,829 
Discontinued operations - South Africa— — 287 
3,362 2,857 3,116 
F - 32
2    SEGMENTAL INFORMATIONTable of Contents (continued)

Figures in millionsCapital expenditure
US Dollars202020192018
Africa(1)
397 410 313 
Australia143 149 156 
Americas (1)
217 195 176 
Continuing operations757 754 645 
Discontinued operations - South Africa35 60 76 
792 814 721 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(56)(51)(69)
736 763 652 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Figures in millions
Gross profit (loss) (2)
US Dollars202220212020
Restated (8)
Africa * (1)
981 999 1,239 
Kibali - Attributable 45%256 311 308 
Iduapriem130 124 206 
Obuasi165 41 55 
Siguiri103 135 76 
Geita327 388 593 
Administration and other— — 1 
Australia *188 153 286 
Sunrise Dam40 53 117 
Tropicana - Attributable 70%177 130 194 
Administration and other(29)(30)(25)
Americas *229 325 532 
Cerro Vanguardia122 111 157 
AngloGold Ashanti Mineração111 191 273 
Serra Grande(2)26 104 
Administration and other(2)(3)(2)
Corporate and other(9)6 (2)
1,389 1,483 2,055 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(256)(311)(308)
Continuing operations1,133 1,172 1,747 
Discontinued operations - South Africa— — 83 
1,133 1,172 1,830 

F - 33

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Figures in millionsAmortisation
US Dollars202220212020
Restated (8)
Africa * (1)
367 268 354 
Kibali - Attributable 45%95 105 104 
Iduapriem80 19 74 
Obuasi40 22 11 
Siguiri50 47 41 
Geita102 75 124 
Australia * (6)
172 150 160 
Sunrise Dam54 60 64 
Tropicana - Attributable 70%117 88 94 
Administration and other1 2 2 
Americas *185 161 163 
Cerro Vanguardia39 27 26 
AngloGold Ashanti Mineração106 108 109 
Serra Grande40 25 27 
Administration and other— 1 1 
Corporate and other4 3 2 
728 582 679 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(95)(105)(104)
Continuing operations633 477 575 

Figures in millions
Total assets (3)(4)
US Dollars202220212020
Restated (7)(9)
Restated (7)(9)
Africa * (1)
4,083 4,226 3,989 
Kibali - Attributable 45%1,063 1,604 1,604 
Iduapriem436 386 328 
Obuasi1,268 1,036 923 
Siguiri447 463 458 
Geita864 732 670 
Administration and other5 5 6 
Australia * (6)
960 1,034 1,044 
Americas *1,406 1,573 1,370 
Cerro Vanguardia514 491 456 
AngloGold Ashanti Mineração625 781 650 
Serra Grande228 252 189 
Administration and other39 49 75 
Projects * (7)
872 313 256 
Colombian projects244 211 176 
North American projects628 102 80 
Corporate and other751 854 1,046 
8,072 8,000 7,705 

F - 34

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Figures in millions
Non-current assets (5)
US Dollars202220212020
Restated (7)(9)
Restated (7)(9)
Non-current assets considered material, by country are:
South Africa40 61 59 
Foreign entities5,767 5,640 5,086 
DRC1,063 1,604 1,604 
Ghana1,349 1,191 948 
Tanzania594 510 425 
Australia758 806 849 
Brazil659 797 627 
North America617 — — 

Figures in millionsCapital expenditure
US Dollars202220212020
Restated (7)
Restated (7)(8)
Africa * (1)
576 506 435 
Kibali - Attributable 45%90 72 52 
Iduapriem146 105 60 
Obuasi159 168 206 
Siguiri27 38 30 
Geita154 123 87 
Australia * (6)
202 185 143 
Sunrise Dam50 62 53 
Tropicana - Attributable 70%152 122 90 
Administration and other— 1 — 
Americas *322 346 168 
Cerro Vanguardia66 69 31 
AngloGold Ashanti Mineração199 195 104 
Serra Grande57 82 33 
Projects * (7)
17 52 49 
Colombian projects16 52 49 
North American projects1 — — 
Corporate and other1 11 — 
Continuing operations1,118 1,100 795 
Discontinued operations - South Africa— — 35 
1,118 1,100 830 
Equity-accounted joint ventures included above(90)(72)(56)
1,028 1,028 774 
•The operating segments continue to be presented per geographical region. The additional information disaggregated and disclosed for each mining operation has been provided by the Group to facilitate comparability of mine performance.
(1)Includes equity-accounted joint ventures.investments.
(2)The group'sGroup's segmental profit measure is gross profit (loss), which excludes the results of associates and joint ventures. For the reconciliation of gross profit (loss) to profit before taxation and discontinued operations, refer to the groupGroup income statement.
(3)Total assets include allocated goodwill of $118m (2019: $108m; 2018: $108m)$105m (2021: $111m; 2020: $118m) for Australia and $8m (2019:nil (2021: $8m; 2018:2020: $8m) for Americas (note 17)15). In 2019, the South African segment included assets held for sale of $581m and the Africa Region segment included assets held for sale of $20m.
(4)In 2020,2022, the Group's pre-tax impairment reversalsimpairments and derecognition of assets of $17m$308m were accounted for in South Africa (2019: $556m; 2018: $98m)Corporate and other of nil (2021: $1m; 2020: nil), Africa Region of NaN (2019: $2m; 2018: $5m)$4m (2021: $4m; 2020: nil) and the Americas of NaN (2019:$304m (2021: $1m; 2018: $1m)2020: nil). In 2020, there was an impairment reversal of $17m in South Africa.
(5)Non-current assets exclude financial instruments, and deferred tax assets.assets and reimbursive right for post-retirement benefits.
(6)The Australia total assets include property, plant and equipment, cash, leased assets, inventory and others assets which the Group is unable to allocate and disaggregate on a reasonable basis between the different mining operations, as some of these assets represent shared assets between the mining operations within the Australia geographical region. The amortisation disaggregated segment disclosures only relate to property, plant and equipment which do not represent shared assets and for which the Group can disaggregate and allocate on a reasonable basis to the different mining operations within the geographical region.
F - 35

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(7)    A new segment for Projects (previously reported under the Americas segment) has been introduced due to the implementation of the new operating model which comprises all the major non-sustaining capital projects with the potential to be developed into operating entities. Comparative information has been restated.
(8)     The adoption of the amendment to IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment - Proceeds before Intended Use” on 1 January 2022 resulted in a retrospective increase in gold income of $168m, cost of sales of $130m, amortisation of $5m, gross profit of $38m and capital expenditure of $38m for 31 December 2020 . Refer to note 1.
(9) The total asset balances for 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020 have been retrospectively restated and increased with $33m due to the initial application of the amendment to IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment - Proceeds before Intended Use” on 1 January 2022..Refer to note 1.


3    REVENUE FROM PRODUCT SALES
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Restated
Revenue consists of the following principal categories:
Gold income (note 2)4,388 3,903 4,490 
By-products (note 2)113 126 105 
4,501 4,029 4,595 

4    COST OF SALES
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Restated
Cash operating costs2,554 2,160 2,012 
Royalties185 162 181 
Other cash costs14 12 13 
Total cash costs2,753 2,334 2,206 
Retrenchment costs6 2 2 
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs— 38 32 
Amortisation of tangible assets (notes 30 and 34)551 411 526 
Amortisation of right of use assets (notes 14, 30 and 34)81 63 47 
Amortisation of intangible assets (notes 15, 30 and 34)1 3 2 
Inventory change(30)6 14 
3,362 2,857 2,829 

5    OTHER EXPENSE (INCOME)
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Care and maintenance— 45 — 
Governmental fiscal claims11 7 6 
 Legacy TSF obligations(16)9 14 
Pension and medical defined benefit7 7 8 
Royalty receivable impaired— — 4 
Royalties received(2)(2)(2)
Retrenchment and related costs— 18 — 
Legal fees and project costs15 10 9 
Refund from insurance claim— — (5)
Other indirect taxes11 18 23 
Premium on settlement of bonds— 24 — 
26 136 57 


F - 3236
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)









3    REVENUE FROM PRODUCT SALES
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Revenue consists of the following principal categories:
Gold income (note 2)4,322 3,439 3,203 
By-products (note 2)105 86 133 
Revenue from product sales4,427 3,525 3,336 

4    COST OF SALES
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Cash operating costs1,881 1,831 1,850 
Royalties181 137 133 
Other cash costs12 13 13 
Total cash costs2,074 1,981 1,996 
Retrenchment costs2 4 4 
Rehabilitation and other non-cash costs32 53 17 
Amortisation of tangible assets (notes 32 and 36)521 538 553 
Amortisation of right of use assets (notes 16, 32 and 36)47 42 0 
Amortisation of intangible assets (notes 32 and 36)2 3 5 
Inventory change21 5 9 
2,699 2,626 2,584 

5    CORPORATE ADMINISTRATION, MARKETING AND OTHER COSTS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Corporate administration expenses59 63 60 
Share scheme and related costs9 19 16 
68 82 76 

6    OTHER EXPENSE (INCOME)
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Care and maintenance note 360 47 39 
Governmental fiscal claims, cost of old tailings operations and other expenses20 21 14 
Guinea public infrastructure contribution0 8 0 
Pension and medical defined benefit provisions8 9 10 
Royalty receivable impaired4 0 0 
Royalties received(2)(3)(10)
Brazilian power utility legal settlement0 (16)0 
Retrenchment and related costs0 3 6 
Legal fees and project costs9 11 16 
Refund from insurance claim(5)0 0 
Other indirect taxes23 3 4 
57 83 79 

.

F - 33
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)








7    FINANCE COSTS AND UNWINDING OF OBLIGATIONS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Finance costs
Finance costs on bonds, corporate notes, bank loans and other124 135 128 
Amortisation of fees23 4 7 
Lease finance charges8 10 5 
Less: interest captalised(17)(6)0 
138 143 140 
Unwinding of obligations39 29 28 
Total finance costs and unwinding of obligations (notes 32 and 36)177 172 168 
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Finance costs
Finance costs on bonds, bank loans and other102 109 124 
Amortisation of fees8 6 23 
Lease finance charges11 9 8 
Less: interest captalised(2)(14)(17)
119 110 138 
Unwinding of obligations30 6 39 
Total finance costs and unwinding of obligations (notes 30 and 34)149 116 177 
The interest included within finance costs is calculated at effective interest rates.
87    SHARE OF ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES' PROFIT (LOSS)
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Revenue677 616 582 
Operating costs and other expenses(353)(452)(472)
Profit on sale of joint ventures (1)
19 0 0 
Net interest received (paid)5 10 (8)
Profit (loss) before taxation348 174 102 
Taxation(70)(35)(9)
Profit (loss) after taxation278 139 93 
Impairment reversal of investments in associates0 23 15 
Impairment reversal of investments in joint ventures (note 19)0 6 14 
Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit (loss) (note 32)278 168 122 
(1) The profit on sale of joint ventures includes the profit on sale of Sadiola $14m, Morila $4m and Chuscal $1m.
F - 34
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)








9     DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS AND ASSETS AND LIABILITIES HELD FOR SALE
South African asset sale

On 12 February 2020, AngloGold Ashanti announced that it has reached an agreement to sell its remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities to Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited ("Harmony") – following receipt of all regulatory approvals, the transaction closed on 30 September 2020 with Harmony taking effective control of these producing assets and related liabilities on 1 October 2020. Consideration for the transaction was $200 million in cash and deferred payments subject to subsequent performance, and with additional proceeds if the West Wits assets are developed below current infrastructure. The deferred compensation is payable as follows:

1.$260 per ounce payable on all underground production sourced within the West Wits mineral rights (comprising the Mponeng, Savuka and Tau Tona mines) in excess of 250,000 ounces per annum for 6 years commencing 1 January 2021; and
2.$20 per ounce payable on underground production sourced within the West Wits mineral rights (comprising the Mponeng, Savuka and Tau Tona mines) below the datum of current infrastructure.

The transaction included the following assets and liabilities:
•The Mponeng mine and its associated assets and liabilities;
•The Tau Tona and Savuka mines and associated rock-dump and tailings storage facility reclamation sites, mine rehabilitation and closure activities located in the West Wits region and their associated assets and liabilities;
•First Uranium (Pty) Limited
•which owns Mine Waste Solutions (Pty) Limited and Chemwes (Pty) Limited as well as associated tailings assets and liabilities;
•Covalent Water Company (Pty) Limited, AngloGold Security Services (Pty) Limited and Masakhisane Investments (Pty) Limited; and
•Certain rock-dump reclamation, mine rehabilitation and closure activities located in the Vaal River region and their associated assets and liabilities.


The transaction excluded the silicosis obligation of $61m at 31 December 2020 and the post-retirement medical obligation of $77m at 31 December 2020, relating to South African employees, which were both retained by AngloGold Ashanti. The South African producing assets and related liabilities sold to Harmony are treated as a discontinued operation. AngloGold Ashanti incurred a loss of $81m after tax on disposal of the South African portfolio.

Discontinued operations
The results of the South Africa disposal group for the year ended 31 December are presented below:
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Revenue from product sales409 555 608 
Cost of sales(287)(479)(589)
(Loss) gain on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts(39)3 3 
Gross profit83 79 22 
Other expenses(23)(44)(72)
Derecognition of assets, and (loss) profit on disposal of assets(80)(3)(118)
Impairment reversal (loss) recognised on remeasurement to fair value less costs to sell17 (549)0 
Loss before taxation(3)(517)(168)
Normal and deferred taxation on operations0 (23)38 
Deferred tax on impairment reversal (loss), derecognition and profit (loss) on disposal of assets(1)164 47 
Deferred taxation on unrealised movement on derivatives and other commodity contracts11 0 0 
Total profit (loss) from discontinued operations7 (376)(83)

F - 35
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)








9     DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS AND ASSETS AND LIABILITIES HELD FOR SALE(continued)
The major classes of assets and liabilities of the South African disposal group were as follows:
US Dollars
Figures in millions30 September 202031 December 2019
Tangible assets and right of use assets359 429 
Other investments76 84 
Inventories75 37 
Trade, other receivables and other assets5 4 
Deferred taxation40 15 
Cash and cash restricted for use0 12 
Assets held for sale555 581 
Lease liabilities2 3 
Environmental rehabilitation and other provisions198 211 
Trade and other payables55 58 
Liabilities held for sale255 272 
Net assets held for sale300 309 
The discontinued operations' net cash flows are reflected in the Statement of Cash Flows.

Impairment of South African assets

At 30 June 2020, an impairment reversal of $17m and taxation on impairment reversal of NaN was recognised, to increase the carrying amount of the assets in the disposal group to their fair value less costs to sell.

The profit on sale of the South African assets was calculated as follows:
US Dollar million
Held for sale assets derecognised555 
Held for sale liabilities derecognised(255)
Net carrying value derecognised300 
Less:
Cash consideration(200)
Costs to sell, exchange impact and sale of houses8 
Deferred compensation asset(28)
Loss on sale of assets before taxation80 
Deferred taxation on sale of assets1 
Loss on sale of assets after taxation81 

Sale interest in the Sadiola Mine
On 23 December 2019, AngloGold Ashanti announced that it together with its joint venture partner, IAMGOLD Corporation (''IAMGOLD''), had agreed to sell their interests in Société d’Exploitation des Mines d’Or de Sadiola S.A. (''SEMOS'') to Allied Gold Corp (Allied Gold). SEMOS' principal asset is the Sadiola Mine located in the Kayes region of Western Mali. The investment in Sadiola of $20m as at 31 December 2019 was included in assets held for sale.

On 30 December 2020, AngloGold Ashanti together with its joint venture partner IAMGOLD, completed the sale of their entire interests in SEMOS to Allied Gold (the “Transaction”).

Prior to the completion of the Transaction, a dividend of $20m was declared and paid by SEMOS pro rata to its shareholders. AngloGold Ashanti received a cash dividend of $8.2m.

Upon completion, AngloGold Ashanti received $25m from Allied Gold Corp and the Republic of Mali. Subsequently, AngloGold Ashanti received an agreed additional consideration of $1.8m.

F - 36
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)








9     DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS AND ASSETS AND LIABILITIES HELD FOR SALE(continued)

In terms of the Transaction, AngloGold Ashanti and IAMGOLD remain entitled to the following deferred consideration:

•$25m ($12.5m each to AngloGold Ashanti and IAMGOLD) upon the production of the first 250,000 ounces from the Sadiola Sulphides Project (SSP);
•$25m ($12.5m each to AngloGold Ashanti and IAMGOLD) upon the production of a further 250,000 ounces from the SSP; and
•$2.5m ($1.25m each to AngloGold Ashanti and IAMGOLD) in the event a favourable settlement is achieved by SEMOS in the litigation pending before the Malian courts.

The profit from the disposal of AngloGold Ashanti’s entire interest in SEMOS is $14m (including the dividend received). Prior to the completion of the Transaction and the dividend declaration, AngloGold Ashanti’s net carrying value for SEMOS, on an attributable basis, was $20m and was included in the Africa Region segment.

US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Revenue629 697 677 
Operating costs and other expenses(393)(370)(353)
Profit on sale of joint ventures— — 19 
Net interest received4 7 5 
Profit (loss) before taxation240 334 348 
Taxation(73)(85)(70)
Profit (loss) after taxation167 249 278 
Impairment investment in joint ventures (note 17)(1)— — 
Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit (loss) (note 30)166 249 278 


108    EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Restated
Employee benefits including Executive Directors’ and Prescribed Officers’ salaries and other benefits (1)
644 697 797 
- current medical expenses23 29 39 
- defined benefit post-retirement medical expenses7 8 9 
- defined contribution25 29 37 
Retrenchment costs2 7 30 
Share-based payment expense (note 11)16 42 35 
Included in cost of sales, other expenses (income) and corporate administration, marketing and other expenses of continuing and discontinued operations717 812 947 
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Employee benefits including Executive Directors’ and Prescribed Officers’ salaries and other benefits650 593 644 
- current medical expenses17 25 23 
- defined benefit post-retirement medical expenses5 6 7 
- defined contribution20 20 25 
Retrenchment costs6 16 2 
Share-based payment expense (note 9)18 22 16 
Included in cost of sales, other expenses and corporate administration, marketing and related expenses of continuing and discontinued operations716 682 717 
(1) The employee benefit details for 2019 were restated
During 2020, the group identified that the 2019 employee benefits note had erroneously excluded part of the employee benefit totals for one of its subsidiaries from the employee benefits note disclosures. As a consequence of the error, the note disclosure detailing employee benefits for the year ended 31 December 2019 was understated. The employee benefits note provides details of the types of employee costs allocated to various cost line items in the income statement. The costs allocated to various categories of the income statement were correct, however, the summary note was incorrect. The error has been corrected by restating the employee benefits note disclosures for 2019.
The "Employee benefits including Executive Directors' and Prescribed Officers' salaries and other benefits" in the table above, and the totals, were restated as follows:
US dollar millionsAs previously reportedAdjustmentAs restated
Employee benefits including Executive Directors' and Prescribed Officers' salaries and other benefits680 17 697 
Included in cost of sales, other expenses (income) and corporate administration, marketing and other expenses of continuing and discontinued operations795 17 812 
The restatement has no impact on reported totals, headline earnings per share or on amounts presented in the Statement of financial position.

F - 37

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

119    SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Equity-settled share incentive schemes
Bonus Share Plan (BSP)1 6 20 
Deferred Share Plan (DSP)14 13 0 
Other1 2 2 
16 21 22 
Cash-settled share incentive scheme
Cash-settled Long Term Incentive Plan (CSLTIP)0 21 13 
Total share-based payment expense (note 10)16 42 35 
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Equity-settled share incentive schemes
Deferred Share Plan (DSP)18 22 14 
Other— — 2 
Total share-based payment expense (note 8)18 22 16 

Equity-settled incentive schemes

EquityPrevious equity schemes with outstanding awards exercisable include the Bonus Share Plan (BSP), and Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP). The Deferred Share Plan (DSP); Long term incentive Plan (LTIP) and Co-investment Plan (CIP). The DSP replaced all previous AngloGold Ashanti incentive schemes. The last allocations granted in the BSP, LTIP and CIP schemes vested during 2020; there are no further allocations and vesting as the schemes have been closed.

Bonus Share Plan (BSP)
Award date (unexercised awards)2018
Calculated fair valueR119.14 
Vesting date 50%22 Feb 2019
Vesting date 50%22 Feb 2020
Expiry date22 Feb 2028
Award date (unvested awards and awards vested during the year)202020192018
Calculated fair valueR119.14 
Vesting date 50%22 Feb 2019
Vesting date 50%22 Feb 2020
Expiry date22 Feb 2028
Number of shares
202220212020
Awards outstanding at beginning of year849,683 1,005,977 2,141,415 
Awards lapsed during the year(3,581)— — 
Awards exercised during the year(219,580)(156,294)(1,135,438)
Awards outstanding and exercisable at end of year626,522 849,683 1,005,977 

Number of shares
202020192018
Awards outstanding at beginning of year2,141,415 4,557,919 4,479,679 
Awards granted during the year0 0 2,492,584 
Awards lapsed during the year0 (109,065)(359,343)
Awards exercised during the year(1,135,438)(2,307,439)(2,055,001)
Awards outstanding at end of year1,005,977 2,141,415 4,557,919 
Awards exercisable at end of year1,005,977 1,207,936 1,588,512 

CashNo cash awards were granted under the bonus share plan NaN were outstanding at year end 31 December 2020 (2019: 12,295; 2018: 33,046)2022 (2021: nil; 2020: nil) and an amount of 12,295no cash awards vested and areor were deemed settled for the year ended 31 December 2020 (2019: 20,751, 2018: 15,209)2022 (2021: nil; 2020: 12,295).
Deferred Share Plan (DSP)
The Deferred Share Plan (DSP)DSP was implemented with effect from 1 January 2018, with the first awards for the scheme allocated in March 2019. This represents a single scheme under which share awards will be allocated to certain employees from 2019 onwards, vesting equally over a period of 2, 3 and 5 years depending on the level of seniority of the participant.

Award date (unvested awards and awards vested during the year)202220212020
Calculated fair valueR335.04 R308.97 R325.97 
DSP 2 year
Vesting date 50%24 Feb 202324 Feb 202225 Feb 2021
Vesting date 50%24 Feb 202424 Feb 202325 Feb 2022
DSP 3 year
Vesting date 33%24 Feb 202324 Feb 202225 Feb 2021
Vesting date 33%24 Feb 202424 Feb 202325 Feb 2022
Vesting date 34%24 Feb 202524 Feb 202425 Feb 2023
DSP 5 year
Vesting date 20%24 Feb 202324 Feb 202225 Feb 2021
Vesting date 20%24 Feb 202424 Feb 202325 Feb 2022
Vesting date 20%24 Feb 202524 Feb 202425 Feb 2023
Vesting date 20%24 Feb 202624 Feb 202525 Feb 2024
Vesting date 20%24 Feb 202724 Feb 202625 Feb 2025
Expiry date24 Feb 203224 Feb 203125 Feb 2030
F - 38

Equity-settled incentive schemes continued
Number of shares
202220212020
Awards outstanding at beginning of year2,692,383 2,289,762 1,599,360 
Awards granted during the year793,955 1,185,348 1,176,532 
Awards lapsed during the year(163,697)(322,814)(155,575)
Awards exercised during the year(839,033)(459,913)(330,555)
Awards outstanding at end of year2,483,608 2,692,383 2,289,762 
Awards exercisable at end of year693,211 588,694 183,439 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

11    SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS (continued)



Equity-settled incentive schemes (continued)
Award date (unvested awards and awards vested during the year)202020192018
Calculated fair valueR325.97 R204.42 
DSP 2 year
Vesting date 50%25 Feb 202121 Feb 2020
Vesting date 50%25 Feb 202221 Feb 2021
DSP 3 year
Vesting date 33%25 Feb 202121 Feb 2020
Vesting date 33%25 Feb 202221 Feb 2021
Vesting date 34%25 Feb 202321 Feb 2022
DSP 5 year
Vesting date 20%25 Feb 202121 Feb 2020
Vesting date 20%25 Feb 202221 Feb 2021
Vesting date 20%25 Feb 202321 Feb 2022
Vesting date 20%25 Feb 202421 Feb 2023
Vesting date 20%25 Feb 202521 Feb 2024
Expiry date25 Feb 203021 Feb 2029

Number of shares
202020192018
Awards outstanding at beginning of year1,599,360 
Awards granted during the year1,176,532 1,669,191 
Awards lapsed during the year(155,575)(55,208)
Awards exercised during the year(330,555)(14,623)
Awards outstanding at end of year2,289,762 1,599,360 
Awards exercisable at end of year183,439 0 

Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP)
Award date (unvested awards and awards vested during the year)(unexercised awards)2015
Calculated fair valueR129.94 
Vesting date3 Mar 2018
Expiry date3 Mar 2025

Number of shares
202020192018
Awards outstanding at beginning of year229,639 447,842 2,466,357 
Awards lapsed during the year0 0 (1,186,330)
Awards exercised during the year(118,077)(218,203)(832,185)
Awards outstanding at end of year111,562 229,639 447,842 
Awards exercisable at end of year111,562 229,639 447,842 

Number of shares
202220212020
Awards outstanding at beginning of year109,229 111,562 229,639 
Awards exercised during the year(46,521)(2,333)(118,077)
Awards outstanding and exercisable at end of year62,708 109,229 111,562 
F - 39

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

11    SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS (continued)



Equity-settled incentive schemes (continued)

Co-Investment Plan (CIP)
Number of shares
202020192018
Awards outstanding at beginning of year23,927 112,578 95,378 
Awards granted during the year0 0 80,809 
Awards lapsed during the year0 (16,500)(11,633)
Awards matched during the year(23,927)(72,151)(51,976)
Awards outstanding at end of year0 23,927 112,578 


Cash-Settled Long Term Incentive Plan (CSLTIP)

There were no changes to rules or practices within the CSLTIP scheme, and no awards during 2018, 2019 and 2020.
Award date (unvested awards and awards vested during the year)
20172016
Vesting date1 March 20201 March 2019

Number of units
202020192018
Share units outstanding at beginning of year1,480,5623,815,7614,469,618 
Share units granted during the year000 
Share units lapsed during the year(82,063)(1,305,761)(611,265)
Share units exercised during the year(1,398,499)(1,029,438)(42,592)
Share units outstanding at end of year0 1,480,562 3,815,761 



F - 40


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)



1210    TAXATION
Figures in millionsUS Dollars
202020192018
South African taxation
Normal taxation1 0 0 
Prior year over provision0 0 (2)
Deferred taxation
Other temporary differences (1)
74 (18)(27)
Change in estimated deferred tax rate0 (14)7 
75 (32)(22)
Foreign taxation
Normal taxation553 299 243 
Prior year under (over) provision8 (1)1 
Deferred taxation
Temporary differences9 (28)(6)
Prior year (over) under provision(6)1 4 
Change in estimate(14)9 (7)
Change in statutory tax rate0 2 (1)
550 282 234 
625 250 212 
(1) Included in other temporary differences in South African taxation are deferred tax assets of $78m, which were derecognised during the fourth quarter of 2020; $9m thereof as part of the disposal of the South African assets and the remaining $69m on consideration of future recoverability.
Figures in millionsUS Dollars
202220212020
South African taxation
Normal taxation1 — 1 
Prior year under (over) provision1 (1)— 
Deferred taxation
Other temporary differences— — 74 
2 (1)75 
Foreign taxation
Normal taxation198 252 553 
Prior year under (over) provision31 (3)8 
Deferred taxation
Temporary differences(7)52 9 
Prior year under (over) provision4 4 (6)
Impairment and disposal of tangible assets(58)— — 
Change in estimate3 6 (14)
Change in statutory tax rate— 2 — 
171 313 550 
173 312 625 


Reconciliation to South African statutory rate
Figures in millionsFigures in millionsUS DollarsFigures in millionsUS Dollars
Reconciliation to South African statutory rateReconciliation to South African statutory rate202020192018Reconciliation to South African statutory rate202220212020
Implied tax charge at 28%Implied tax charge at 28%445 173 125 Implied tax charge at 28%137 268 445 
Increase (decrease) due to:Increase (decrease) due to:Increase (decrease) due to:
Expenses not tax deductible(1)
Expenses not tax deductible(1)
29 28 28 
Expenses not tax deductible(1)
84 22 29 
Share of associates and joint ventures' profitShare of associates and joint ventures' profit(78)(47)(34)Share of associates and joint ventures' profit(46)(70)(78)
Tax rate differentials(2) and withholding taxes(3)
Tax rate differentials(2) and withholding taxes(3)
96 39 25 
Tax rate differentials(2) and withholding taxes(3)
25 54 96 
Exchange variations, translation and accounting adjustments28 11 24 
Current year tax losses not recognised (recognised) in deferred tax assets:
Obuasi mine(6)14 13 
AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc(3)
31 29 36 
Exchange variations and translation adjustmentsExchange variations and translation adjustments— 6 28 
Deferred tax assets recognised at ObuasiDeferred tax assets recognised at Obuasi(56)— (6)
Current year tax losses (expense) not recognised:Current year tax losses (expense) not recognised:
ObuasiObuasi(50)6 — 
AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plcAngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc24 25 31 
North America North America4 6 6  North America22 13 4 
Siguiri(8)0 0 
Other3 (2)(1)
Siguiri (4)
Siguiri (4)
(27)(37)(8)
SA Corporate SA Corporate20 18 — 
Change in planned utilisation of deferred tax assets and impact of estimated deferred tax rate changeChange in planned utilisation of deferred tax assets and impact of estimated deferred tax rate change(14)(5)0 Change in planned utilisation of deferred tax assets and impact of estimated deferred tax rate change3 6 (14)
Tax effect of retained SA itemsTax effect of retained SA items16 3 (10)Tax effect of retained SA items— — 16 
Tax allowancesTax allowances(1)(1)(2)Tax allowances— — (1)
Derecognition of deferred tax assetsDerecognition of deferred tax assets78 0 0 Derecognition of deferred tax assets— — 78 
Impact of statutory tax rate changeImpact of statutory tax rate change0 2 (1)Impact of statutory tax rate change— 2 — 
Adjustment in respect of prior years2 0 3 
Adjustment in respect of prior years(5)
Adjustment in respect of prior years(5)
36 — 2 
OtherOther1 (1)3 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense625 250 212 Income tax expense173 312 625 
(1) Includes non-deductible corporate, legal, project, exploration and non-tax deductible rehabilitation costs, impairments in Brazil and British Virgin Isle group losses.
(2) Due to different tax rates in various jurisdictions, primarily Tanzania, Ghana, Guinea, Australia, Brazil and Guinea.Argentina.

(3) Withholding taxes on dividends paid.
(4) Siguiri current tax expense not recognised due to tax holiday.
(5) Includes $34m provided in Colombia in 2022.
.
F - 4140

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

1210    TAXATION (continued)

Figures in millionsFigures in millionsUS DollarsFigures in millionsUS Dollars
202020192018202220212020
Analysis of unrecognised deferred tax assetsAnalysis of unrecognised deferred tax assetsAnalysis of unrecognised deferred tax assets
Tax losses available to be utilised against future profits
Available to be utilised against future profitsAvailable to be utilised against future profits
- utilisation required within one year- utilisation required within one year62 0 48 - utilisation required within one year107 54 62 
- utilisation required between one and two years- utilisation required between one and two years54 85 187 - utilisation required between one and two years100 177 54 
- utilisation required between two and five years- utilisation required between two and five years352 356 300 - utilisation required between two and five years1,350 1,339 352 
- utilisation required between five and twenty years- utilisation required between five and twenty years1,002 973 1,229 - utilisation required between five and twenty years956 989 1,002 
- utilisation in excess of twenty years- utilisation in excess of twenty years421 73 26 - utilisation in excess of twenty years588 449 421 
1,891 1,487 1,790 3,101 3,008 1,891 
At the statutory tax rates the unrecognised value of deferred tax assets are: $487m (2019: $389m; 2018: $501m)is: $857m (2021: $834m; 2020: $487m), mainly relating to tax losses incurred in the United Kingdom, North America, Ghana, Colombia and SA Corporate.South Africa. Unutilised capital allowances in Ghana of $132m (2021:$1bn) were converted into tax losses. The losses are forfeited if not utilised within five years.

On 23 February 2022, the South African finance minister announced a change in corporate tax rate from 28% to 27% for companies with years of assessment ending on or after 31 March 2023. Unrecognised deferred tax assets in South Africa was calculated at 27%. The tax rate change resulted in a $4m decrease within the South African unrecognised deferred tax assets.

Income tax uncertainties

AngloGold Ashanti operates in numerous countries around the world and accordingly is subject to, and pays annual income taxes under, the various income tax regimes in the countries in which it operates. Some of these tax regimes are defined by contractual agreements with local government, and others are defined by the general corporate income tax laws of the country. The groupGroup has historically filed, and continues to file, all required income tax returns and to pay the taxes reasonably determined to be due. In some jurisdictions, tax authorities are yet to complete their assessments for previous years. The tax rules and regulations in many countries are highly complex and subject to interpretation. From time to time, the groupGroup is subject to a review of its historic income tax filings and in connection with such reviews, disputes can arise with the tax authorities over the interpretation or application of certain rules in respect of the group’sGroup’s business conducted within the country involved. Significant judgement is required in determining the worldwide provisions for income taxes due to the complexity of legislation. There are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business.

Irrespective of whether potential economic outflows of matters have been assessed as probable or possible, individually significant matters are included below, to the extent that disclosure does not prejudice the group.Group.

Argentina - Cerro Vanguardia SA
The Argentina Tax Authority has challenged the deduction of certain hedge losses, with tax and penalties amounting to $8m (2019: $10m; 2018: $14m)$4m (2021: $7m; 2020: $8m). Management has appealed this matter which has been heard by the Tax Court, with final evidence submitted in 2017. The matter is pending and judgement is expected in the next 24 months.months as at 31 December 2022. Management is of the opinion that the hedge losses were claimed correctly and no provision has therefore been made.

Brazil - AGA Mineração and Serra Grande
The Brazil Tax Authority has challenged various aspects of the Companies’companies’ tax returns for periods from 20032005 to 2016 which individually and in aggregate are not considered to be material. Based on the engagement with the Brazil Tax Authority, certain amounts have been allowed and assessments reduced, whilst objections have been lodged against the remainder of the findings. In December 2019, Serra Grande received a tax assessment of $20m (2019: $25m)$23m (2021: $19m; 2020: $20m) relating to the amortisation of goodwill on the acquisition of mining interests, which is permitted as a tax deduction when the acquirer is a domiciled entity. Management is of the opinion that the Brazil Tax Authority is unlikely to succeed in this matter. This is supported by external legal advice and therefore no provision has been made.

Colombia - La Colosa and Gramalote
The tax treatment of exploration expenditure has been investigatedchallenged by the Colombian Tax Authority which resulted in claims for taxes and penalties of $86m$42m(1) (2019: $88m; 2018: $144m)(2021: $74m; 2020: $86m) pertaining to the 2010 to 2014 tax years.

These assessments were appealed in 2016 (in the case of La Colosa) and resulted in an adverse judgement on 22 October 2018,judgements in the Administrative Court of Cundinamarca. An appeal was lodged and all arguments submitted to the Council of State on 21 AugustCundinamarca in 2018, with an expected judgement in the next 12 to 18 months as at 31 December 2020.which were subsequently appealed by AngloGold Ashanti. The deduction of exploration costs is prohibited from 2017 onwards following a change in legislation. Subsequent to this date, exploration costs have been treated in accordance with the amended legislation. In July 2019, the Supreme Administrative Court issued a ruling that duplicate penalties may not be charged. The impact of the ruling is that certain penalties willwere waived.

During November 2022, the Supreme Administrative Court issued final rulings on the tax treatment of exploration expenditure pertaining to the 2010 and 2011 tax years, partially allowing the AngloGold Ashanti tax claims as submitted. The rulings, which included tax and interest, cannot be appealed and resulted in tax liabilities of $34 million being provided for in 2022. The Court fully waived penalties for the 2010 and 2011 tax years which reduceswere originally assessed, to the overall exposure by $76m (2019:value of $70m (2021: $48m; 2020: $76m). The matterPenalties of $8m pertaining to the 2013 and 2014 tax years was not recognised as a provision in 2022 and is pending and may take two to four yearsconsidered to be resolved. Management iscontingent, awaiting judgement from the Courts. A revised tax reform was adopted on 16 December 2022 in Colombia, which may lead to a reduction in interest charged on the 2010 and 2011 tax years. In February 2023, the Company paid $25m, which included a reduction of $6m in interest under the tax reform, in full settlement of the opinion that2011 tax and equity tax claims. The final court ruling in respect of the Colombian Tax Authority2010 tax year is unlikely to succeed in this matter and therefore no provision is made.awaited.

F - 41

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

10    TAXATION (continued)
(1) Includes After reduction of overall exposure by $70m (2021: $48m; 2020: $76m (2019:$76m)) as described above.

Ghana - Iduapriem
The Ghana Revenue Authority completed a tax audit during the third quarter of 2020 for the 2018 year of assessment claiming a tax liability of $15m.$14m at the time (2021:$14m; 2020: $15m). The claim relatesrelated to corporate income taxes, where certain business expenses have been disallowed as a deduction for tax purposes. Management filed an objection to the assessment in September 2020 and a tax appeal with the High Court during the fourth quarter of 2021. An out of court settlement was reached with the Ghana Revenue Authority during the fourth quarter of 2022, whereby the corporate income tax claims were withdrawn, at no cost to Iduapriem.

Guinea - Siguiri
The Guinea Tax Authority has challenged certain aspects of Société AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A.'s tax return for the 2010 year of assessment totalling $8m (attributable) (2021: $8m (attributable); 2020: $8m (attributable)). Management has objected to the assessment. However, provision has been made for a portion of the total claims amounting to $2m (attributable) (2021: $2m (attributable); 2020: $2m (attributable)). A meeting was held in February 2022 under the Minister of Budget Tax advisor’s chairmanship, calling for the formation of a tripartite committee to review the claim and resolve the issue. Members from government were appointed to the committee, but no meetings were held in 2022.

Mali – Yatela and AGA Mali Services
The Mali Tax Authority has challenged various aspects of Société des Mines de Yatela S.A. and Société AngloGold Ashanti Mali S.A.'s tax returns for periods of 2012 to 2019 totalling $4m (attributable) (2021: $4m (attributable); 2020: $1m (attributable)). Management is of the opinion that the Ghana RevenueMali Tax Authority is unlikely to succeed in this matterthe tax matters and therefore no provision has been made.


F - 42

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

12    TAXATION (continued)

Guinea - Siguiri
The Guinea Tax Authority has challenged various aspects of the Companies’ tax returns for periods of 2010, and 2014 to 2016 totalling $8m (attributable) (2019: $12m (attributable);2018: $8m (attributable)). An amount of $4m relating to the years 2014 to 2016 was paid in settlement of $10m of tax claims during the second half of 2020.

Tanzania - Geita Gold Mine
The Tanzania Revenue Authority has raised audit findings on various tax matters for years from 2009 to 20192021 amounting to $254m (2019: $164m; 2018: $163m)$318m (2021: $291m; 2020: $254m) including additionaladjusted tax assessments of $94mrelating to the 2020 and 2021 tax years, which were received in 2020.June 2022 and September 2022 totalling $28 million. In addition, the Tanzania Revenue Authority has issued Agency Notices on various local bank accounts of the Company in Tanzania, enforcing payments from those bank accounts, despite the matters being on appeal. In order to continue operating its bank accounts and to not impact operations, Geita paid various amountsmade payments under protest.protest for which a receivable of $24m (2021: $25m) was raised. Management has objected and appealed through various levels of the legislativeadministrative processes. Management has obtained external legal advice and is of the opinion that the claims of the Tanzania Revenue Authority are unlikely to succeed.

In addition, it should be noted that amendments passed to Tanzanian legislation in 2017 amended the 2010 Mining Act and new Finance Act. Effective from 1 July 2017, the gold mining royalty rate increased to 6% (from 4%) and further a 1% clearing fee on the value of all minerals exported was imposed. The groupGroup has been paying the higher royalty and clearing fees since this date, under protest, and is of the view that this is in contravention of its Mining Development Agreement.

Tax impacts of COVID-19
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have responded with various stimulus packages, to provide relief to companies and individuals, to ensure business and employment continuity. This has been achieved through various tax and employment concessions, over varying periods, mostly commencing in April 2020. In North America, the US Government passed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act on 27 March 2020. The bill provides various tax relief and incentives such as accelerated access to tax attributes created under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA). Other tax jurisdictions have provided tax relief in various forms to companies which will impact on tax planning and tax payments in the light of the uncertainty created by the pandemic. Management continues to evaluate these tax measures and applies them when appropriate.
F - 4342

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1311    EARNINGS (LOSS) PER ORDINARY SHARE
202020192018
US cents per share
Basic earnings (loss) per ordinary share227 (3)32 
- Continuing operations225 87 52 
The calculation of basic earnings (loss) per ordinary share is based on profits (losses) attributable to equity shareholders of $946m (2019: $364m; 2018: $216m) and 419,033,516 (2019: 418,349,777; 2018: 417,122,155) shares being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the financial year.
- Discontinued operations2 (90)(20)
The calculation of basic earnings (loss) per ordinary share is based on profits (losses) attributable to equity shareholders of $7m (2019: $(376)m; 2018: $(83)m) and 419,033,516 (2019: 418,349,777; 2018: 417,122,155) shares being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the financial year.
Diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share227 (3)32 
- Continuing operations225 87 52 
The calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share is based on profits (losses) attributable to equity shareholders of $946m (2019: $364m; 2018: $216m) and 419,481,450 (2019: 418,349,777; 2018: 417,379,405) shares being the diluted number of ordinary shares.
- Discontinued operations2 (90)(20)
The calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share is based on profits (losses) attributable to equity shareholders of $7m (2019: $(376)m; 2018: $(83)m) and 419,481,450 (2019: 418,349,777; 2018: 417,379,405) shares being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the financial year.
202220212020
Restated
US cents per share
Basic earnings (loss) per ordinary share71 148 236 
- Continuing operations71 148 234 
The calculation of basic earnings per ordinary share is based on profits attributable to equity shareholders of $297m (2021: $622m; 2020: restated $984m) and 420,197,062 (2021: 419,755,627; 2020: 419,033,516) shares being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the financial year.
- Discontinued operations— — 2 
The calculation of basic earnings per ordinary share is based on profits attributable to equity shareholders of nil (2021: nil; 2020: $7m) and 420,197,062 (2021: 419,755,627; 2020: 419,033,516) shares being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the financial year.
Diluted earnings (loss) per ordinary share71 148 236 
- Continuing operations71 148 234 
The calculation of diluted earnings per ordinary share is based on profits attributable to equity shareholders of $297m (2021: $622m; 2020: restated $984m) and 420,869,866 (2021: 420,056,703; 2020: 419,481,450) shares being the diluted number of ordinary shares.
- Discontinued operations— — 2 
The calculation of diluted earnings per ordinary share is based on profits attributable to equity shareholders of nil (2021: nil; 2020: $7m) and 420,869,866 (2021: 420,056,703; 2020: 419,481,450) shares being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the financial year.

In calculating the basic and diluted number of ordinary shares outstanding for the year, the following were taken into consideration:
Number of shares
202020192018
Ordinary shares416,399,307 414,407,622 411,412,947 
Fully vested options and currently exercisable(1)
2,634,209 3,942,155 5,709,208 
Weighted average number of shares419,033,516 418,349,777 417,122,155 
Dilutive potential of share options(2)
447,934 0 257,250 
Fully diluted number of ordinary shares419,481,450 418,349,777 417,379,405 
Number of shares
202220212020
Ordinary shares418,260,476 417,272,178 416,399,307 
Fully vested options and currently exercisable(1)
1,936,586 2,483,449 2,634,209 
Weighted average number of shares420,197,062 419,755,627 419,033,516 
Dilutive potential of share options672,804 301,076 447,934 
Diluted weighted average number of ordinary shares420,869,866 420,056,703 419,481,450 
(1)Employee compensation awards are included in basic earnings per share from the date that all necessary conditions have been satisfied and it is virtually certain that shares will be issued as a result of employees exercising their options.
(2)The number of share options that could potentially dilute basic earnings in the future were not included as the effect was anti-dilutive were NaN (2019: 517,186; 2018:NaN).

F - 4443

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

1311    EARNINGS (LOSS) PER ORDINARY SHARE (continued)
US DollarsUS Dollars
Figures in millionsFigures in millions202020192018Figures in millions202220212020
Headline earnings (loss)
Restated
Headline earnings (loss) (4)
Headline earnings (loss) (4)
The profit (loss) attributable to equity shareholders was adjusted by the following to arrive at headline earnings (loss):The profit (loss) attributable to equity shareholders was adjusted by the following to arrive at headline earnings (loss):The profit (loss) attributable to equity shareholders was adjusted by the following to arrive at headline earnings (loss):
Profit (loss) attributable to equity shareholders from continuing and discontinued operationsProfit (loss) attributable to equity shareholders from continuing and discontinued operations953 (12)133 Profit (loss) attributable to equity shareholders from continuing and discontinued operations297 622 991 
Net impairment (impairment reversal) on held for sale assets(17)549 (2)
Taxation on net impairment (impairment reversal) on held for sale assets0 (165)0 
Derecognition of assets0 10 104 
Taxation on derecognition of assets0 0 (26)
Impairment loss on investment in joint venture (1)
Impairment loss on investment in joint venture (1)
1 — — 
Net (impairment reversal) impairment on held for sale assets (1)
Net (impairment reversal) impairment on held for sale assets (1)
— — (17)
Impairment on property, plant and equipment and right of use asset (1)
Impairment on property, plant and equipment and right of use asset (1)
304 2 — 
Taxation on impairment on property, plant and equipment and right of use assetTaxation on impairment on property, plant and equipment and right of use asset(58)— — 
Derecognition of assets (1)
Derecognition of assets (1)
4 4 — 
Loss on disposal of discontinued operationsLoss on disposal of discontinued operations80 0 24 Loss on disposal of discontinued operations— — 80 
Taxation on loss on disposal of discontinued operationsTaxation on loss on disposal of discontinued operations1 0 (20)Taxation on loss on disposal of discontinued operations— — 1 
Profit on sale of joint ventures (1)
Profit on sale of joint ventures (1)
(19)0 0 
Profit on sale of joint ventures (1)
— — (19)
Net loss (profit) on disposal of assets2 (3)8 
Net (profit) loss on disposal of tangible assetsNet (profit) loss on disposal of tangible assets(4)(17)2 
Taxation on net (profit) loss on disposal of assetsTaxation on net (profit) loss on disposal of assets0 0 (1)Taxation on net (profit) loss on disposal of assets— 1 — 
1,000 379 220 544 612 1,038 
US Cents
Headline earningsHeadline earnings
Headline earnings per ordinary share (2)
Headline earnings per ordinary share (2)
129 146 248 
Diluted headline earnings per ordinary share (3)
Diluted headline earnings per ordinary share (3)
129 146 247 
(1)(1) Tax effect has not been disclosed as the tax is less than $1m. $1m or $nil.

(2) Calculated on the basic weighted average number of ordinary shares.
US Cents
Basic headline earnings (loss) per share
The calculation of basic headline earnings (loss) per ordinary share is based on basic headline earnings (losses) of $1,000m (2019: $379m; 2018: $220m) and 419,033,516 (2019: 418,349,777; 2018: 417,122,155) shares being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.238 91 53 
Diluted headline earnings (loss) per share
The calculation of diluted headline earnings (loss) per ordinary share is based on diluted headline earnings (losses) of $1,000m (2019: $379m; 2018: $220m) and 419,481,450 (2019: 418,349,777; 2018: 417,379,405) shares being the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.238 91 53 
(3) Calculated on the diluted weighted average number of ordinary shares.
(4) Headline earnings and headline earnings per share disclosure has been included due to Johannesburg Stock Exchange requirements.


1412    DIVIDENDS
US Dollars
Figures in million202020192018
Ordinary shares
Dividend number 119 of 70 SA cents per share was declared on 20 February 2018 and paid on 6 April 2018 (6 US cents per share).24 
Dividend number 120 of 95 SA cents per share was declared on 19 February 2019 and paid on 8 April 2019 (7 US cents per share).27 
Dividend number 121 of 165 SA cents per share was declared on 21 February 2020 and paid on 27 March 2019 (9 US cents per share)38 
38 27 24 
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Ordinary shares
Dividend number 121 of 165 SA cents per share was declared on 21 February 2020 and paid on 27 March 2020 (9 US cents per share).38 
Dividend number 122 of 705 SA cents per share was declared on 22 February 2021 and paid on 26 March 2021 (48 US cents per share).199 
Dividend number 123 of 87 SA cents per share was declared on 6 August 2021 and paid on 10 September 2021 (6 US cents per share)25
Dividend number 124 of 217 SA cents per share was declared on 22 February 2022 and paid on 25 March 2022 (15 US cents per share)62 
Dividend number 125 of 493 SA cents per share was declared on 5 August 2022 and paid on 9 September 2022 (28 US cents per share)119 
181 224 38 

F - 4544

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1513    TANGIBLE ASSETS
Figures in millionsFigures in millionsMine
development
costs
Mine
infra-
structure(2)
Mineral
rights
and
dumps		Exploration
and
evaluation
assets		Assets
under
construction
Land and
buildings(3)(4)
TotalFigures in millionsMine
development
costs		Mine
infrastructure		Mineral
rights
and
dumps		Exploration
and
evaluation
assets		Assets
under
construction
Land and
buildings(3)
Total
US DollarsUS DollarsUS Dollars
CostCostCost
Balance at 1 January 20185,562 4,382 892 5 490 83 11,414 
Balance at 1 January 2020 Restated (1)
Balance at 1 January 2020 Restated (1)
5,001 3,776 881 7 400 66 10,131 
AdditionsAdditionsAdditions
- project capital- project capital2 0 0 0 175 0 177 - project capital64 — — 1 284 20 369 
- stay-in-business capital- stay-in-business capital294 20 3 0 149 1 467 - stay-in-business capital180 8 1 — 179 2 370 
Finance costs capitalised (4)
Finance costs capitalised (4)
— — — — 17 — 17 
DisposalsDisposals(5)(30)0 (1)0 (3)(39)Disposals(1)(26)— — — — (27)
Transfers and other movements(1)
60 (41)0 0 (270)1 (250)
Transfers and other movements (2)
Transfers and other movements (2)
(1,076)186 (699)2 (320)24 (1,883)
TranslationTranslation(239)(119)(7)0 (32)(5)(402)Translation157 9 5 (1)6 — 176 
Balance at 31 December 20185,674 4,212 888 4 512 77 11,367 
Balance at 31 December 2020 Restated (1)
Balance at 31 December 2020 Restated (1)
4,325 3,953 188 9 566 112 9,153 
Accumulated amortisation and impairmentsAccumulated amortisation and impairmentsAccumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 20183,979 2,796 853 3 26 15 7,672 
Balance at 1 January 2020Balance at 1 January 20203,866 2,803 846 4 25 — 7,544 
Amortisation for the yearAmortisation for the year345 179 5 1 — — 530 
DisposalsDisposals(1)(25)— — — — (26)
Transfers and other movements (2)
Transfers and other movements (2)
(1,208)(33)(699)— — — (1,940)
TranslationTranslation117 6 4 — 1 — 128 
Balance at 31 December 2020 Restated (1)
Balance at 31 December 2020 Restated (1)
3,119 2,930 156 5 26 — 6,236 
Net book value at 31 December 2020Net book value at 31 December 20201,206 1,023 32 4 540 112 2,917 
CostCost
Balance at 1 January 2021 Restated (1)
Balance at 1 January 2021 Restated (1)
4,325 3,953 188 9 566 112 9,153 
AdditionsAdditions
- project capital- project capital68 — — 5 300 19 392 
- stay-in-business capital- stay-in-business capital274 17 — — 344 — 635 
Finance costs capitalised (4)
Finance costs capitalised (4)
— — — — 14 — 14 
DisposalsDisposals(2)(23)— — — (5)(30)
Transfers and other movements (2)
Transfers and other movements (2)
140 (207)— (2)(320)— (389)
TranslationTranslation(107)(6)(3)— (5)— (121)
Balance at 31 December 2021 Restated (1)
Balance at 31 December 2021 Restated (1)
4,698 3,734 185 12 899 126 9,654 
Accumulated amortisation and impairmentsAccumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 2021Balance at 1 January 20213,119 2,930 156 5 26 — 6,236 
Amortisation for the yearAmortisation for the year397 233 2 1 0 1 634 Amortisation for the year243 166 6 2 — — 417 
Impairment and derecognition of
assets (5)
Impairment and derecognition of
assets (5)
0 104 0 0 0 0 104 
Impairment and derecognition of assets(5)
— 6 — — — — 6 
DisposalsDisposals(5)(27)0 (1)0 (2)(35)Disposals(1)(22)— — — — (23)
Transfers and other movements(1)
(52)(153)0 0 0 0 (205)
Transfers and other movements(2)
Transfers and other movements(2)
(79)(311)— — — — (390)
TranslationTranslation(135)(42)(6)0 1 (2)(184)Translation(78)(4)(3)— — — (85)
Balance at 31 December 20184,184 2,911 849 3 27 12 7,986 
Net book value at 31 December 20181,490 1,301 39 1 485 65 3,381 
Cost
Balance at 1 January 20195,674 4,212 888 4 512 77 11,367 
Additions
- project capital43 0 0 1 281 14 339 
- stay-in-business capital208 25 1 2 188 0 424 
Disposals(1)(16)0 0 0 0 (17)
Transfers and other movements(1)
(259)219 1 0 (489)(16)(544)
Transfer to non-current assets and liabilities held for sale(660)(663)(9)0 (90)(9)(1,431)
Finance costs capitalised0 0 0 0 6 0 6 
Translation(4)(1)0 0 (3)0 (8)
Balance at 31 December 20195,001 3,776 881 7 405 66 10,136 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 20194,184 2,911 849 3 27 12 7,986 
Amortisation for the year392 215 1 1 0 0 609 
Impairment and derecognition of assets(5)
243 172 0 0 90 0 505 
Disposals(1)(15)0 0 0 0 (16)
Transfers and other movements(1)
(455)(53)1 0 (3)(12)(522)
Transfer to non-current assets and liabilities held for sale(488)(422)(5)0 (88)0 (1,003)
Translation(9)(5)0 0 (1)0 (15)
Balance at 31 December 20193,866 2,803 846 4 25 0 7,544 
Net book value at 31 December 20191,135 973 35 3 380 66 2,592 
Balance at 31 December 2021Balance at 31 December 20213,204 2,765 159 7 26 — 6,161 
Net book value at 31 December 2021Net book value at 31 December 20211,494 969 26 5 873 126 3,493 
F - 45

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

13    TANGIBLE ASSETS (continued)
Figures in millionsMine
development
costs		Mine
infrastructure		Mineral
rights
and
dumps		Exploration
and
evaluation
assets		Assets
under
construction
Land and
buildings(3)
Total
US Dollars
Cost
Balance at 1 January 20224,698 3,734 185 12 899 126 9,654 
Additions
- project capital121 — — 1 255 1 378 
- stay-in-business capital286 8 — — 355 1 650 
Finance costs capitalised (4)
— — — — 2 — 2 
Acquisition of assets (5)
— — 614 — — — 614 
Disposals(2)(14)— — — — (16)
Transfers and other movements(2)
290 379 — (1)(753)1 (84)
Translation(120)(8)(4)— (1)— (133)
Balance at 31 December 20225,273 4,099 795 12 757 129 11,065 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 20223,204 2,765 159 7 26 — 6,161 
Amortisation for the year374 174 8 1 — — 557 
Impairment and derecognition of assets(6)
109 149 16 — — 8 282 
Disposals(1)(14)— — — — (15)
Transfers and other movements(2)
(11)(23)— — — — (34)
Translation(86)(5)(3)(1)— — (95)
Balance at 31 December 20223,589 3,046 180 7 26 8 6,856 
Net book value at 31 December 20221,684 1,053 615 5 731 121 4,209 
(1)The tangible asset cost for 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2021 has been retrospectively restated and increased by $33m due to the initial application of the amendment of IAS 16 "Property, Plant and Equipment - Proceeds before intended use" on 1 January 2022. Refer to note 1.
(2)Transfers and other movements include amounts from deferred stripping, changes in estimates of decommissioning assets, asset reclassifications and initial recognition of joint operation share of property, plant and equipment.
(3)Assets of $7m (2021: $6m; 2020: $7m) have been pledged as security.
(4)The weighted average capitalisation rate used to determine the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation was 4.53% (2021: 4.96%; 2020: 4.52%)
(5)Corvus Gold
On 18 January 2022, AngloGold Ashanti announced the successful completion of the previously announced plan of arrangement with Corvus Gold Inc. (“Corvus Gold”), pursuant to which AngloGold Ashanti agreed to acquire the remaining 80.5% of common shares of Corvus Gold, not already owned by AngloGold Ashanti. On acquisition, AngloGold Ashanti obtained control over Corvus Gold.

Under the terms of the arrangement, the shareholders of Corvus Gold (other than the AngloGold Ashanti Group) received C$4.10 in cash per Corvus Gold share. The acquisition was concluded to represent an asset acquisition under IFRS.

The total consideration was $460m, including a non-cash consideration of $95m. The non-cash consideration primarily represents the fair value of $80m of the 19.5% Corvus Gold investment held by the Group prior to the acquisition of the 80.5%, and previously accounted for as an equity investment at fair value through OCI. The cash consideration paid, including transaction costs, at an exchange rate of C$1.26/$, amounted to $365m.

The Company has completed its analysis to assign fair values to all identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. In accordance with asset acquisition accounting, the Company has allocated the total purchase consideration to these identifiable assets based on their relative fair values at the date of the acquisition to mineral rights and dumps of $460m.

Coeur Sterling

On 4 November 2022, AngloGold Ashanti announced the successful completion of its previously announced plan to acquire all of the shares of Coeur Sterling, Inc. (“Coeur Sterling”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Coeur Mining, Inc. ("Coeur").

Under the terms of the arrangement, AngloGold Ashanti paid the closing consideration of $150m to Coeur in cash.

Coeur estimated that the properties acquired by AngloGold Ashanti have a Mineral Resource of 914,000oz. The payment of $50m additional consideration is contingent on whether after additional exploration activities, AngloGold Ashanti declares a Mineral Resource from these properties that is greater than 3.5Moz. The additional exploration activities have not yet been performed by the Group.

The acquisition was concluded to represent an asset acquisition under IFRS. The Company has completed its analysis to assign fair values to all identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. In accordance with asset acquisition accounting, the Company has allocated the total purchase consideration to these identifiable assets based on their relative fair values at the date of the acquisition to mineral rights and dumps of $154m and rehabilitation provisions of $2m.
(6)Impairment of assets is assessed as follows:



F - 46

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

1513    TANGIBLE ASSETS (continued)


Figures in millionsMine
development
costs
Mine
infra-
structure(2)
Mineral
rights
and
dumps		Exploration
and
evaluation
assets		Assets
under
construction
Land and
buildings(3)(4)
Total
Cost
Balance at 1 January 20205,001 3,776 881 7 405 66 10,136 
Additions
- project capital64 0 0 1 246 20 331 
- stay-in-business capital180 8 1 0 179 2 370 
Finance costs capitalised (5)
0 0 0 0 17 0 17 
Disposals(1)(26)0 0 0 0 (27)
Transfers and other movements(1)
(1,076)186 (699)2 (320)24 (1,883)
Translation157 9 5 (1)6 0 176 
Balance at 31 December 20204,325 3,953 188 9 533 112 9,120 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 20203,866 2,803 846 4 25 0 7,544 
Amortisation for the year345 179 5 1 0 0 530 
Disposals(1)(25)0 0 0 0 (26)
Transfers and other movements(1)
(1,208)(33)(699)0 0 0 (1,940)
Translation117 6 4 0 1 0 128 
Balance at 31 December 20203,119 2,930 156 5 26 0 6,236 
Net book value at 31 December 20201,206 1,023 32 4 507 112 2,884 
(1)Transfers and other movements include amounts from deferred stripping, changes in estimates of decommissioning assets, asset reclassifications, derecognition of assets and initial recognition of joint operation share of property, plant and equipment.
(2)Included in the amounts for mine infrastructure are assets held under finance leases with a net book value of NaN (2019: NaN; 2018: $45m).
(3)Included in the amounts for land and buildings are assets held under finance leases with a net book value of NaN (2019: NaN; 2018: $3m).
(4)Assets of $7m (2019: $9m; 2018: $10m) have been pledged as security.
(5)The weighted average capitalisation rate used to determine the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation was 4.52% (2019: 5.6%; 2018: NaN)
(6)Impairment and derecognition of assets is assessed as follows:

Impairment calculation assumptions as at 31 December 20202022 - goodwill, tangible and intangible assets
Management assumptions for the value in use of tangible assets and goodwill include:
•the gold price assumption represents management’s best estimate of the future price of gold. A long-term real gold price of $1,450/$1,731/oz (2019: $1,300/(2021: $1,599/oz; 2018: $1,239/2020:$1,450/oz) is based on a range of economic and market conditions that will exist over the remaining useful life of the assets.
Annual life of mine plans take into account the following:
•provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve;
•value beyond provedProven and probable OreProbable Mineral Reserve (including exploration potential) determined using the gold price assumption referred to above;
•In determining the impairment for each cash generating unit, the real pre-taxpost-tax rate was derived from the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to determine the required return on equity with risk factors consistent with the basis used in 2019. At 31 December 2020, the derived group WACC was 9.1% (real post-tax) which is 100 basis points higher than in 2019 of 8.1%, and is based on the industry average capital structure of the major gold companies considered to be appropriate peers.2021. In determining the WACC for each cash generating unit, sovereign and mining risk factors are considered to determine country specific risks. In certain instances, a specific risk premium was added to large projects being undertaken or the turnaround nature of a specific mine to address uncertainties in the forecast of the cash flows;
•foreign currency cash flows translated at estimated forward exchange rates and then discounted using appropriate discount rates for that currency;
•cash flows used in impairment calculations are based on life of mine plans which range from 65 years to 2629 years; and
•variable operating cash flows are increased at local Consumer Price Index rates.

Córrego do Sítio (CdS)

CdS is owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti Mineração (AGA Mineração) in Brazil. The CdS mining complex has been in operation since 1989 and consists of open pit and underground mines. The property is currently in a production stage. In line with AngloGold Ashanti's reinvestment strategy, management has taken a decision during the third quarter of 2022 to carve out the underperforming complex of CdS from the AGA Mineração CGU and to investigate alternative strategic options including either to sell the complex, place the complex under care and maintenance, close the complex or to consider additional capital expenditure to regain profitability of the complex. After the strategic review of CdS, the Company has elected to retain CdS. This decision resulted in the disaggregation of the AGA Mineração CGU into two separate CGUs, being the CdS mining complex CGU and the Cuiabá mining complex CGU.

As a result of these impairment indicators, the recoverable amount for the CdS mining complex CGU was determined not to support its carrying values as at 30 September 2022 and an impairment loss of $151m ($189m gross of taxes) was recognised and included in the Americas segment. The disaggregation of CGUs did not have an impact on reportable segments in terms of IFRS 8 Operating Segments as disclosed in the segmental reporting. The recoverable amount of $5m was determined with reference to the CGU’s value in use derived from a discounted cash flow model, using a discount rate of 8.5% compared to the CGU’s carrying amount of $156m.

Cuiabá

Cuiabá is owned and operated by AGA Mineração in Brazil. It has been in operation since 1834 and is an underground mine. The property is currently in the production stage. The Cuiabá mining complex CGU, which was disaggregated from the AGA Mineração CGU, recognised an impairment loss of $57m ($70m gross of taxes). This was largely due to the suspension of filtered tailings deposition on the Calcinados Tailings Storage Facility (TSF) and processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant in December 2022 (with both servicing the Cuiabá mining complex), pending completion of additional buttressing to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice.

The recoverable amount of $304m (compared to the CGU's carrying amount of $361m) was determined with reference to the CGU’s value in use which requires the use of estimates. The impairment result was derived from a discounted cash flow model and a discount rate of 8.5%.

Management modelled various scenarios, which included a combination of reasonably possible changes in key assumptions, to determine the impact on the recoverable amount. The impairment assessment required significant judgement and estimation uncertainty. The impairment loss was recognised and included in the Americas segment.

Serra Grande

Mineração Serra Grande (“Serra Grande”) is wholly owned by AngloGold Ashanti and is located in the northwest of Goiás State, central Brazil. It has been in operation since 1986 and consists of three underground and two open pit mines. The property is currently in the production stage. The Serra Grande CGU recognised an impairment loss of $38m ($45m gross of taxes) during December 2022 largely due to a projection of lower grades and ounces and an increase in the interest rates driven by global inflation and country risk which resulted in an increased discount rate. The recoverable amount of $128m was determined with reference to the CGU’s value in use derived from a discounted cash flow model, using a discount rate of 8.5% (Dec 2021: 5.6%) compared to the CGU’s carrying amount of $166m. The impairment loss was recognised and included in the Americas segment.

F - 47

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

1513    TANGIBLE ASSETS (continued)


Impairments and derecognitions of tangible assets

For theyear ended 31 December, impairments and derecognitions of tangible assets were recognised for the following cash generating units (CGU's):
Figures in millions - US Dollars
2019 (1)
2018
First Uranium - Mine Waste Solutions89 93 
Surface Operations18 1 
Mponeng384 4 
Covalent11 0 
Obuasi0 5 
Siguiri2 0 
AGA Mineração1 0 
Other0 1 
505 104 
No impairments were recognised in 2020.

(1) Includes impairment of the South African asset disposal group, measured at fair value less costs to sell and disclosed in Discontinued operations. Refer to note 9.

Impairment of cash generating unitsAllocation:

The group reviews and tests the carrying value of its mining assets when events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
Cash Generating UnitMine Development CostMine InfrastructureMineral Rights and DumpsLand and buildingsTotal Tangible Asset
Impairment		GoodwillRight of use assetsTotal Impairment
Figures in millions - US Dollars2022
Córrego do Sítio58 98 16 6 178 — 11 189 
Cuiabá3430 — 1 65 — 5 70 
Serra Grande1718 — 1 36 81 45 
109 146 16 8 279 8 17 304 
Sensitivity analysis - Impairment

Cash generating units with marginal headroom

Based on an analysis carried out by the group in 2020, the carrying value and value in use of the most sensitive CGU are:
Sensitivity analysis -ImpairmentSensitivity analysis -ImpairmentCuiabáCórrego do SítioSerra Grande
Figures in millions - US DollarsFigures in millions - US DollarsCarrying valueValue in useFigures in millions - US Dollars2022
Kibali (1)(2)
1,482 1,614 
Assumed gold price and discount rate have a significant impact on the recoverable amount. A 1% change in the gold price and 1% absolute movement (discount rate) would have the following impact:Assumed gold price and discount rate have a significant impact on the recoverable amount. A 1% change in the gold price and 1% absolute movement (discount rate) would have the following impact:
Effect of increase in assumption:Effect of increase in assumption:
1% change in gold price1% change in gold price17 6 7 
1% absolute movement in discount rate1% absolute movement in discount rate(21)(2)(6)
Effect of decrease in assumption:Effect of decrease in assumption:
1% change in gold price1% change in gold price(17)(6)(7)
1% absolute movement in discount rate1% absolute movement in discount rate23 2 7 
Assumed cash flows have a significant impact on the recoverable amount of Cuiabá. (1) A one- and three-month delay in the net cash flows would have the following impact:
Assumed cash flows have a significant impact on the recoverable amount of Cuiabá. (1) A one- and three-month delay in the net cash flows would have the following impact:
Effect of change in cash flow assumption:Effect of change in cash flow assumption:
One month movement in cash flowsOne month movement in cash flows(4)
Three month movement in cash flowsThree month movement in cash flows(13)

(1) ItA risk assessment conducted in December 2022, with oversight from external consultants, as required by Brazilian regulations, concluded that additional buttressing should be completed at the Calcinados TSF (receiving material from the Cuiabá CGU) to align the TSF’s post liquefaction factor of safety with international standards currently considered best practice. Construction at the Calcinados TSF is estimated that a decreaseexpected to begin later in 2023, and the timeline for completion will be determined once the engineering and geotechnical work has been completed by external consultants. Tailings deposition at the Calcinados TSF, as well as processing of gold concentrate at the Queiroz plant, which services the Cuiabá mine complex, is suspended until additional buttressing of the long-term realCalcinados TSF impoundment is complete. The extent and timing of the work requires significant estimation and judgement and management’s assumptions may ultimately differ from the actual outcome.

Management modelled various scenarios, which included a combination of reasonably possible changes in key assumptions, to determine the impact on the recoverable amount. Key areas of estimation uncertainty include gold price sensitivities (as disclosed above) and projected timelines of $1,450/oz by 4.4%, would causecompletion of the recoverable amountstructural improvements, where such delays could lead to loss of Kibali to equal its carrying amount using a real post-tax weighted average costproduction. Additionally, management’s assumptions for future cash flows include an estimate of capital (WACC) discount rate of 12.5% (2019: 9.7%). The sensitivity analysis has been provided on the basiscosts that the key assumption changes without a change in the other assumptions. However, forCompany expect to incur including capital expenditure as well as incremental revenue and costs related to potential gold concentrate sales. For a change in each of the assumptions used, it is impracticable to disclose the consequential effect of changes on the other variables used to measure the recoverable amount because these assumptions and others used in impairment testing are inextricably linked.

(2) Equity accounted investment included in investments in associates and joint ventures in the Statement of financial position.


F - 48
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)





16
14 RIGHT OF USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES

The groupGroup leases various assets including buildings, plant and equipment and vehicles. The group’sGroup’s lease obligations are secured by the lessors’ title to the leased assets for such leases.
RIGHT OF USE ASSETS
Figures in millions - US DollarsMine Infra-
structure		Land and
buildings		Total
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2020209 24 233 
Additions23 — 23 
Derecognition and other movements (1)
(13)1 (12)
Translation14 (1)13 
Balance at 31 December 2020233 24 257 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 202061 14 75 
Amortisation for the year45 2 47 
Derecognition and other movements (1)
(11)— (11)
Translation5 (1)4 
Balance at 31 December 2020100 15 115 
Net book value at 31 December 2020133 9 142 
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2021233 24 257 
Additions95 7 102 
Derecognition and other movements(1)
(22)(15)(37)
Translation(9)— (9)
Balance at 31 December 2021297 16 313 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 2021100 15 115 
Amortisation for the year61 2 63 
Derecognition and other movements(1)
(22)(15)(37)
Impairment— 1 1 
Translation(4)— (4)
Balance at 31 December 2021135 3 138 
Net book value at 31 December 2021162 13 175 
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2022297 16 313 
Additions90 1 91 
Derecognition and other movements(1)
(34)— (34)
Translation(8)(2)(10)
Balance at 31 December 2022345 15 360 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 2022135 3 138 
Amortisation for the year78 3 81 
Derecognition and other movements(1)
(29)— (29)
Impairment (2)
17 — 17 
Translation(4)1 (3)
Balance at 31 December 2022197 7 204 
Net book value at 31 December 2022148 8 156 
US dollar millionsMine Infra-
structure		Land and
buildings		Total
Cost
Impact of adopting IFRS 16 - 1 January 2019119 9 128 
Additions
- stay-in-business capital32 0 32 
Transfers and other movements(1)
58 15 73 
Transfer to assets and liabilities held for sale0 (1)(1)
Translation0 1 1 
Balance at 31 December 2019209 24 233 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 20190 0 0 
Amortisation for the year40 2 42 
Transfers and other movements(1)
21 12 33 
Balance at 31 December 201961 14 75 
Net book value at 31 December 2019148 10 158 
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2020209 24 233 
Additions
- stay-in-business capital23 0 23 
Derecognition and other movements(13)1 (12)
Translation14 (1)13 
Balance at 31 December 2020233 24 257 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 202061 14 75 
Amortisation for the year45 2 47 
Derecognition of assets(11)0 (11)
Translation5 (1)4 
Balance at 31 December 2020100 15 115 
Net book value at
31 December 2020
133 9 142 
(1)    Derecognition and other movements include amounts relating to modifications and terminations of leased assets
(2)     The Group recognised an impairment loss of $304m (gross of taxation) during December 2022, of which $17m related to right of use assets. Refer to note 13

(1) Relates to contracts previously classified as leases under IAS 17, which the group has reassessed upon initial transition as leases under IFRS 16 as of 1 January 2019.
F - 49
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)





16.    RIGHT OF USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES (continued)

LEASE EXPENSES
US dollar millions20202019
Amounts recognised in the income statement
Amortisation expense on right of use assets (note 4)47 42 
Interest expense on lease liabilities (note 7)8 10 
Expenses on short term leases107 83 
Expenses on variable lease payments not included in the lease liabilities(1)
234 220 
Expenses on leases of low value assets(1)
24 2 

Figures in millions - US Dollars202220212020
Amounts recognised in the income statement (1)
Expenses on short term leases19 48 107 
Expenses on variable lease payments not included in the lease liabilities(2)
749 302 234 
Expenses on leases of low value assets15 33 24 
(1) Includes expenses at Obuasi that have been capitalised as part of the re-development project.

These expenses are allocated to cost of sales and corporate administration, marketing and other costs.

Total cash outflow for leases during the period amounted to $55m (2019: $51m), consisting of repayments of liabilities of $47m (2019: $42m) and finance costs paid of $8m (2019: $9m).


LEASE LIABILITIES
US Dollar million20202019
Reconciliation of lease liabilities
A reconciliation of the lease liabilities included in the statement of financial position is set out in the following table:
Opening balance171 0 
Lease liabilities recognised23 160 
Repayment of lease liabilities(47)(42)
Finance costs paid on lease liabilities(8)(9)
Interest charged to the income statement8 10 
Reclassification of finance leases from borrowings0 60 
Change in estimate(1)(5)
Translation7 (3)
Closing balance153 171 
Lease finance costs paid included in the statement of cash flows8 9 

US Dollar million20202019
Maturity analysis of lease liabilities
Undiscounted cash flows
Less than and including 1 year43 52 
Between 1 and 5 years83 89 
Five years and more36 57 
Total162 198 
F - 50
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)






16.    RIGHT OF USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES (continued)


US Dollar million20202019
Lease liabilities
Non-current116 126 
Current37 45 
Total153 171 


The group does not face a significant liquidity risk with regard to its lease liabilities. Lease liabilities are monitored within the group’s treasury function.
All lease contracts contain market review clauses in the event that the group exercises its option to renew.

Certain of the group’s contracts have a payment structure that is variable in nature and hence do not qualify for IFRS 16 lease accounting. These contracts consist of mostly mining and drilling contracts. The variable nature of these contracts is to allow equal sharing of pain and gain between the group and its contractors. The cash flows are not disclosed as their variability does not permit reliable forecasts. Short-term, low value and variable contracts continue to be recognised within cost of sales and corporate administration, marketing and other costs.related expenses.

(2)The weighted average incremental borrowing ratevariable lease payments consist mainly of mining and drilling contracts and constitutes 87% of total lease payments made during the period. The variable nature of these contracts is to allow equal sharing of pain and gain between the Group and its contractors. These payments are predominantly driven by performance measures on a per tonne or a per metre basis. The increase in variable lease payments is mainly due to the full year impact of the AMAX lease at Iduapriem (half year impact in 2021), higher leasing activity at Brazil due to their leasing strategy deployed and an increased footprint of our North American operations. The future cash flows to which the endGroup is potentially exposed to are not disclosed as their variability does not permit reliable forecasts.


LEASE LIABILITIES
Figures in millions - US Dollars202220212020
Reconciliation of lease liabilities (1)
A reconciliation of the lease liabilities included in the statement of financial position is set out in the following table:
Opening balance185 153 171 
Lease liabilities recognised90 103 23 
Repayment of lease liabilities(82)(63)(47)
Finance costs paid on lease liabilities(10)(9)(8)
Interest charged to the income statement11 9 8 
Modifications and terminations(7)— (1)
Translation(1)(8)7 
Closing balance186 185 153 
Lease liabilities
Non-current (note 34)102 124 116 
Current (note 34)84 61 37 
Total186 185 153 
(1)     The Group leases a number of 31 December 2020assets as part of its activities. These primarily include gas pipelines, ore haulage and site services, mining equipment and property. All lease contracts contain market review clauses in the event that the Group exercises its option to renew. A maturity analysis of lease liabilities is 5.38% (2019: 4.72%).provided in note 33.




F - 5150


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)



1715    INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Figures in millionsGoodwillOtherTotal
US Dollars
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2018127 172 299 
Additions0 1 1 
Disposals0 (3)(3)
Transfers and other movements(1)
0 4 4 
Translation(11)(7)(18)
Balance at 31 December 2018116 167 283 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 20180 161 161 
Amortisation for the year0 5 5 
Disposals0 (3)(3)
Transfers and other movements(1)
0 4 4 
Translation0 (7)(7)
Balance at 31 December 20180 160 160 
Net book value at 31 December 2018116 7 123 
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2019116 167 283 
Transfer to assets and liabilities held for sale0 (26)(26)
Transfers and other movements(1)
0 3 3 
Balance at 31 December 2019116 144 260 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 20190 160 160 
Amortisation for the year0 3 3 
Transfer to assets and liabilities held for sale0 (26)(26)
Balance at 31 December 20190 137 137 
Net book value at 31 December 2019116 7 123 
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2020116 144 260 
Additions0 1 1 
Transfers and other movements(1)
0 (49)(49)
Translation10 0 10 
Balance at 31 December 2020126 96 222 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 20200 137 137 
Amortisation for the year0 2 2 
Transfers and other movements (1)
0 (49)(49)
Translation0 1 1 
Balance at 31 December 20200 91 91 
Net book value at 31 December 2020126 5 131 
Figures in millionsGoodwillOtherTotal
US Dollars
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2020116 144 260 
Additions— 1 1 
Transfers and other movements(1)
— (49)(49)
Translation10 — 10 
Balance at 31 December 2020126 96 222 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 2020— 137 137 
Amortisation for the year— 2 2 
Transfers and other movements(1)
— (49)(49)
Translation— 1 1 
Balance at 31 December 2020— 91 91 
Net book value at 31 December 2020126 5 131 
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2021126 96 222 
Additions— 1 1 
Transfers and other movements(1)
— (1)(1)
Translation(7)(1)(8)
Balance at 31 December 2021119 95 214 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 2021— 91 91 
Amortisation for the year— 3 3 
Transfers and other movements(1)
— (1)(1)
Translation— (1)(1)
Balance at 31 December 2021— 92 92 
Net book value at 31 December 2021119 3 122 
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2022119 95 214 
Additions— 1 1 
Translation(6)(1)(7)
Balance at 31 December 2022113 95 208 
Accumulated amortisation and impairments
Balance at 1 January 2022— 92 92 
Amortisation for the year— 1 1 
Impairment of Goodwill (2)
8 — 8 
Translation— 1 1 
Balance at 31 December 20228 94 102 
Net book value at 31 December 2022105 1 106 
(1)Transfers and other movements include amounts from asset reclassifications and amounts written off.
(2)The Serra Grande CGU recognised an impairment loss of $45m (gross of taxation) during December 2022, of which $8m related to goodwill. Refer to note 13.

F - 5251
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

1715    INTANGIBLE ASSETS (continued)
Impairment calculation assumptions for goodwill
Based on an analysis carried out by the groupGroup in 2020,2022, the carrying value and value in use of the most sensitive CGU with goodwill is:
2020
US Dollars
Figures in millionsCarrying
Value		Value in
use
Sunrise Dam229 538 
2022
US Dollars
Figures in millionsCarrying
Value		Value in
use
Sunrise Dam230 293 

As at 31 December 2020,2022, the recoverable amount of Sunrise Dam exceeded its carrying amount by $309m.$63m. Sunrise Dam had $118m$105m goodwill at that date.31 December 2022. The life of mine of Sunrise Dam is planned until 2028.

It is estimated that a decrease of the long-term real gold price of $1,450/$1,731/oz by 8%4.5%, or an increase in the discount rate of 4.6% to 13.9% would cause the recoverable amount of this CGU to equal its carrying amount. The sensitivity analysis has been provided on the basis that the key assumption changes without a change in the other assumptions. However, for a change in each of the assumptions used, it is impracticable to disclose the consequential effect of changes on the other variables used to measure the recoverable amount because these assumptions and others used in impairment testing of goodwill are inextricably linked.

Therefore, it is possible that outcomes within the next financial year that are different from the assumptions used in the impairment testing process for goodwill could require a materialan adjustment to the carrying amounts in future periods.

Net book value of goodwill allocated to each of the CGUs:
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
- Sunrise Dam118 108 108 
- Serra Grande8 8 8 
126 116 116 
Real pre-tax discount rates applied in impairment calculations on the CGU for which the carrying amount of goodwill is significant is as follows:
- Sunrise Dam (1)
8.7 %10.8 %8.3 %
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
- Sunrise Dam105 111 118 
- Serra Grande— 8 8 
105 119 126 
Real post-tax discount rates applied in impairment calculations on the CGU for which the carrying amount of goodwill is significant is as follows:
- Sunrise Dam (1)
4.6 %2.4 %5.4 %

Goodwill has been allocated to its respective CGUs where it is tested for impairment as part of the CGU . The groupGroup reviews and tests the carrying value of goodwill on an annual basis for impairment. The discount rates for 20202022 were determined on a basis consistent with the 20192021 discount rates.

(1)The value in use of the CGU is $538m in 2020 (2019: $363m; 2018: $750m)$293m (2021: $389m; 2020: $538m).
F - 5352
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
1816    MATERIAL PARTLY-OWNED SUBSIDIARIES
NameNameNon-controlling interest holdingCountry of incorporation and operationNameNon-controlling interest holdingCountry of incorporation and operation
202020192018202220212020
Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (CVSA)Cerro Vanguardia S.A. (CVSA)7.5 %7.5 %7.5 %ArgentinaCerro Vanguardia S.A. (CVSA)7.5 %7.5 %7.5 %Argentina
Société AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A. (Siguiri)Société AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A. (Siguiri)15 %15 %15 %Republic of GuineaSociété AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A. (Siguiri)15 %15 %15 %Republic of Guinea

Financial information of subsidiaries that have material non-controlling interests are provided below:
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Profit (loss) allocated to material non-controlling interests
CVSA8 5 9 
Siguiri10 0 8 
Accumulated balances of material non-controlling interests
CVSA14 13 14 
Siguiri31 23 32 
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Profit (loss) allocated to material non-controlling interests
CVSA7 5 8 
Siguiri12 19 10 
Accumulated balances of material non-controlling interests
CVSA11 11 14 
Siguiri23 41 31 

Summarised financial information of subsidiaries is as follows. The information is based on amounts including inter-company balances.
US Dollars
Figures in millionsCVSASiguiri
Statement of profit or loss for 2020
Revenue440 453 
Profit (loss) for the year84 68 
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax84 68 
Attributable to non-controlling interests8 10 
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests(6)(3)
Statement of profit or loss for 2019
Revenue390 349 
Profit (loss) for the year68 1 
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax68 1 
Attributable to non-controlling interests5 0 
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests(7)(9)
Statement of profit or loss for 2018
Revenue498 365 
Profit (loss) for the year119 56 
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax119 56 
Attributable to non-controlling interests9 8 
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests(7)(8)
US Dollars
Figures in millionsCVSASiguiri
Statement of profit or loss for 2022
Revenue395 591 
Profit (loss) for the year101 78 
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax101 78 
Attributable to non-controlling interests7 12 
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests(7)(15)
Statement of profit or loss for 2021
Revenue371 546 
Profit (loss) for the year75 124 
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax75 124 
Attributable to non-controlling interests5 19 
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests(8)(8)
Statement of profit or loss for 2020
Revenue440 453 
Profit (loss) for the year84 68 
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax84 68 
Attributable to non-controlling interests8 10 
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests(6)(3)

F - 5453

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

1816    MATERIAL PARTLY-OWNED SUBSIDIARIES (continued)

US Dollars
Figures in millionsCVSASiguiri
Statement of financial position as at 31 December 2022
Non-current assets256 199 
Current assets (1)
260 248 
Non-current liabilities(144)(131)
Current liabilities(225)(165)
Total equity147 151 
Statement of financial position as at 31 December 2021
Non-current assets240 229 
Current assets(1)
252 234 
Non-current liabilities(132)(68)
Current liabilities(218)(122)
Total equity142 273 
Statement of financial position as at 31 December 2020
Non-current assets202 233 
Current assets(1)
254 224 
Non-current liabilities(123)(138)
Current liabilities(150)(117)
Total equity183 202 
Statement of cash flows for the year ended 31 December 2022
Cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities142 140 
Cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities(5)(27)
Cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities(94)(98)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents43 15 
Statement of cash flows for the year ended 31 December 2021
Cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities165 197 
Cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities(23)(38)
Cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities(112)(143)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents30 16 
Statement of cash flows for the year ended 31 December 2020
Cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities169 63 
Cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities(16)(30)
Cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities(59)(11)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents94 22 
Summarised financial information of subsidiaries is as follows. The information is based on amounts before inter-company eliminations.
US Dollars
Figures in millionsCVSASiguiri
Statement of financial position as at 31 December 2020
Non-current assets202 233 
Current assets (1)
254 224 
Non-current liabilities(123)(138)
Current liabilities(150)(117)
Total equity183 202 
Statement of financial position as at 31 December 2019
Non-current assets177 245 
Current assets202 170 
Non-current liabilities(120)(141)
Current liabilities(82)(121)
Total equity177 153 
Statement of financial position as at 31 December 2018
Non-current assets176 257 
Current assets215 157 
Non-current liabilities(112)(64)
Current liabilities(78)(137)
Total equity201 213 
Statement of cash flows for the year ended 31 December 2020
Cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities169 63 
Cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities(16)(30)
Cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities(59)(11)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents94 22 
Statement of cash flows for the year ended 31 December 2019
Cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities107 46 
Cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities(30)(22)
Cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities(47)(30)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents30 (6)
Statement of cash flows for the year ended 31 December 2018
Cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities179 84 
Cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities(36)(96)
Cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities(140)(6)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents3 (18)
(1) CVSA had a cash balance equivalent to $116m (2021: $139m; 2020: $137m), following the payment to AngloGold Ashanti of $137m equivalent as at 31 December 2020,$17m (2021: $19m; 2020: nil) offshore dividends (net of which $50mwithholding taxes). The remaining declared attributable dividend of $120m (2021: $131m; 2020: $50m) is currently eligibleavailable for payment to be declared as dividends. Application hasAngloGold Ashanti's offshore and onshore investment holding companies. Applications have been made to the Argentinean Central Argentine Bank to approve $11mthe payment of this eligible amount$105m (2021: $114m; 2020: $11m) of the offshore declared dividends related to be paid offshore to AngloGold Ashanti. Approvalthe 2019, 2020 and 2021 financial years. While the approval is pending. Thepending, the cash isremains fully available for CVSA’s operational requirements.

F - 5554


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)



1917    INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Carrying value
Investments in associates47 40 36 
Investments in joint ventures1,604 1,541 1,492 
1,651 1,581 1,528 

US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Carrying value
Investments in associates37 43 47 
Investments in joint ventures1,063 1,604 1,604 
1,100 1,647 1,651 
Detailed disclosures are provided for the years in which investments in associates and joint ventures are considered to be material.

Summarised financial information of immaterial associates is as follows:
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Aggregate statement of profit or loss for associates (attributable)
Revenue29 20 19 
Operating (expenses) income (1)
(6)3 (4)
Taxation0 0 (1)
Profit (loss) for the year23 23 14 
Total comprehensive profit (loss) for the year, net of tax23 23 14 
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Aggregate statement of profit or loss for associates (attributable)
Revenue31 36 29 
Operating (expenses) income (1)
(14)(16)(6)
Taxation(3)(2)— 
Profit (loss) for the year14 18 23 
Total comprehensive profit (loss) for the year, net of tax14 18 23 
(1) Includes share of associate profit.
Investments in material joint ventures comprise:
NameEffective %DescriptionCountry of incorporation and operation
202020192018
Kibali Goldmines S.A.(1)
45.0 45.0 45.0 Exploration and mine
development		The Democratic Republic of the Congo
NameEffective %DescriptionCountry of incorporation and operation
202220212020
Kibali Goldmines S.A.(1)
45.0 45.0 45.0 Exploration and mine
development		The Democratic Republic of the Congo
(1)AngloGold Ashanti Limited has a 50% interest in Kibali (Jersey) Limited (Kibali) which holds our effective 45% interest in Kibali Goldmines S.A.
US DollarsUS Dollars
Figures in millionsFigures in millions202020192018Figures in millions202220212020
Carrying value of joint venturesCarrying value of joint venturesCarrying value of joint ventures
KibaliKibali1,604 1,506 1,439 Kibali1,063 1,604 1,604 
Immaterial joint ventures0 35 53 
1,604 1,541 1,492 
Reversal (impairment) of investments in joint ventures
Sadiola (note 8) (2)
0 6 14 
(Impairment) reversal of investments in joint ventures(Impairment) reversal of investments in joint ventures
Yatela (note 7)Yatela (note 7)(1)— — 
The cumulative unrecognised share of losses of the joint ventures:The cumulative unrecognised share of losses of the joint ventures:
YatelaYatela2 2 1 

US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
The cumulative unrecognised share of losses of the joint ventures:
Morila (3)
088
Yatela123
(1) Following an amendment to the Gramalote joint venture shareholders agreement, the joint arrangement classification was reassessed. The updated facts and circumstances indicate that the joint venture changed to a joint operation during the year. As a result, the group recognises its share of revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities of the joint operation.
(2) Sold effective 30 December 2020.
(3) Sold effective 10 November 2020.
F - 5655
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
1917    INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES (continued)

Summarised financial information of the Kibali joint venturesventure is as follows (not attributable)(1):
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Statement of profit or loss
Revenue and other income1,329 1,470 1,443 
Other operating costs and expenses(588)(551)(541)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(208)(244)(241)
Finance costs, unwinding of obligations and cash repatriation fee(50)(6)(6)
Interest received5 6 7 
Taxation(156)(181)(157)
Profit for the year332 494 505 
Total comprehensive income for the year, net of tax332 494 505 
Dividends received from joint venture (attributable)694 231 140 
US Dollars
 Kibali
Figures in millions202020192018
Statement of profit or loss
Revenue1,443 1,123 1,098 
Other operating costs and expenses(541)(479)(539)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets(241)(282)(330)
Finance costs and unwinding of obligations(6)(4)(4)
Interest received7 4 3 
Taxation(157)(62)(16)
Profit for the year505 300 212 
Total comprehensive income for the year, net of tax505 300 212 
Dividends received from joint venture (attributable)140 75 89 

US Dollars
Kibali
Figures in millions202020192018
Statement of financial position
Non-current assets2,459 2,522 2,659 
Current assets120 183 205 
Cash and cash equivalents (1)
944 453 124 
Total assets3,523 3,158 2,988 
Non-current financial liabilities50 45 29 
Other non-current liabilities118 26 24 
Current financial liabilities15 11 11 
Other current liabilities106 66 64 
Total liabilities289 148 128 
Net assets3,234 3,010 2,860 
Group’s share of net assets1,617 1,505 1,430 
Other(13)1 9 
Carrying amount of interest in joint venture1,604 1,506 1,439 

US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Statement of financial position
Non-current assets2,420 2,361 2,459 
Current assets201 162 120 
Cash and cash equivalents (2)
92 1,115 944 
Total assets2,713 3,638 3,523 
Non-current financial liabilities51 44 50 
Other non-current liabilities320 226 118 
Current financial liabilities56 14 15 
Other current liabilities105 107 106 
Total liabilities532 391 289 
Net assets2,181 3,247 3,234 
Group’s share of net assets1,091 1,624 1,617 
Other (3)
(28)(20)(13)
Carrying amount of interest in joint venture1,063 1,604 1,604 
(1)    At 31 December 2020, the Company’s attributable shareend of January and in early February 2022, Kibali Goldmines S.A., which owns and operates the Kibali gold mine in the Democratic Republic of the outstanding cash balances awaiting repatriationCongo, received fifteen claims from the DRC amountedDirection Générale des Douanes et Accises (“Customs Authority”) concerning customs duties. The Customs Authority claims that incorrect import duty tariffs have been applied to $424m. Barrick Gold Corporation (Barrick), the operatorimportation of certain consumables and equipment for the Kibali joint venture, continuesgold mine. In addition, they claim that the exemption available to engageKibali Goldmines S.A., which was granted in relation to the original mining lease, no longer applies. Finally, the Customs Authority claims that a service fee paid on the exportation of gold was paid to the wrong government body. The claims, including substantial penalties and interest, total $339m* (AngloGold Ashanti attributable share: $153m). Five of these claims, totalling $256m*, have been closed and we await closure minutes, before settling $4.5m*. However, discussions are ongoing on the remaining $83m*, dealing with a 1% service fee on gold sales, which is being claimed by two different departments. Based on discussions with the DRC Government regarding the 2018 Mining Codeminister of finance we anticipate to settle for no more than $8m* and the cash repatriation.therefore a total provision of $12.5m* was raised for these customs matters.

(2)Kibali cash and cash equivalents are subject to various steps before they can be distributed to joint venture shareholders. Cash balances were reduced in 2022 due to repatriations in the form of dividends and repayment of shareholder loans.

(3)    Includes amounts relating to additional costs and contributions at acquisition as well as minority interests.

US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Aggregate statement of profit (loss) for immaterial joint ventures (attributable)
Revenue0 111 112 
Other operating costs and expenses(2)(94)(92)
Amortisation of tangible and intangible assets0 (7)(15)
Profit on sale of joint ventures19 0 0 
Taxation0 (7)(2)
Profit (loss) for the year17 3 3 
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax17 3 3 
*100% (not attributable).

F - 56

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)


18    OTHER INVESTMENTS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Listed investments (1)
Non-current investments
Equity investments at fair value through OCI (FVTOCI)
Balance at beginning of year116 186 72 
Additions16 3 9 
Capitalised to tangible assets (2)
(80)— — 
Fair value adjustments (3)
(50)(73)98 
Transfer from unlisted non-current investments— — 7 
Balance at end of year2 116 186 
The non-current equity investments consist of ordinary shares and collective investment schemes and primarily comprise:
Corvus Gold Inc.— 80 59 
Pure Gold Mining1 35 126 
Other1 1 1 
2 116 186 
Book value of listed investments2 116 186 
Unlisted investments
Non-current investments
Balance at beginning of year1 2 4 
Transfer to listed non-current investments— — (7)
Fair value adjustments - FVTPL— (1)5 
Balance at end of year1 1 2 
The unlisted investments include:
Book value of unlisted investments1 1 2 
Total book value of other investments3 117 188 
(1)    The Group’s listed equity investments are susceptible to market price risk arising from uncertainties about the future values of the investments. At the reporting date, the FVTOCI equity investments were listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

(2)    The19.5% investment held in Corvus Gold Inc.was capitalised to tangible assets on completion of Corvus Gold asset acquisition on 18 January 2022.

(3)    Includes net fair value gain of nil (2021: $21m; 2020: $18m) for Corvus Gold Inc. and a fair value loss of $50m (2021: $94m; 2020: $81m net gain) for Pure Gold Mining.

F - 57

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
19    INVENTORIES
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Non-current
Raw materials - ore stockpiles5 27 69 
Current
Raw materials
- ore stockpiles225 217 262 
- heap-leach inventory10 6 5 
Work in progress
- metals in process66 49 46 
Finished goods
- gold doré/bullion51 29 42 
- by-products2 1 — 
Total metal inventories354 302 355 
Mine operating supplies419 401 378 
773 703 733 
Total inventories(1)
778 730 802 
(1)The amount of the write down of ore stockpiles, heap-leach inventory, metals in process, finished goods and mine operating supplies to net realisable value, and recognised as an expense in cost of sales is $12m (2021: $13m; 2020: $7m)

.
20    TRADE, OTHER RECEIVABLES AND OTHER ASSETS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Non-current
Deferred compensation asset12 25 28 
Prepayments19 14 12 
Recoverable tax, rebates, levies and duties (1)
200 198 195 
231 237 235 
Current
Trade and loan receivables20 50 56 
Prepayments58 41 56 
Recoverable tax, rebates, levies and duties (1)
148 155 100 
Other receivables11 14 17 
237 260 229 
Total trade, other receivables and other assets468 497 464 
There is a concentration of risk in respect of amounts due from Revenue Authorities for recoverable tax, rebates, levies and duties from subsidiaries in the Africa Region segment. These values are summarised as follows:
Recoverable value added tax231 212 215 
Appeal deposits43 43 34 
(1) Includes taxation asset, refer note 29.


20    OTHER INVESTMENTS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Listed investments (1)
Non-current investments
Equity investments at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)
Balance at end of year0 0 19 
Equity investments at fair value though OCI (FVTOCI)
Balance at beginning of year72 63 47 
Additions9 9 13 
Disposals0 0 (7)
Fair value adjustments98 0 10 
Transfer from unlisted non-current investments7 0 0 
Balance at end of year186 72 63 
The non-current equity investments consist of ordinary shares and collective investment schemes and primarily comprise:
Corvus Gold Corporation59 41 43 
Various listed investments held by Environmental Rehabilitation Trust Fund0 0 16 
Pure Gold Mining126 31 18 
Other1 0 5 
186 72 82 


F - 58

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
20    OTHER INVESTMENTS (continued)
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Listed investments (continued)
Non-current investments (continued)
Investments at amortised cost - Non-current
Balance at end of year0 0 12 
Current investments
Listed investments - FVTOCI (1) (2)
0 10 6 
Book value of listed investments186 82 100 
Unlisted investments
Non-current investments
Balance at beginning of year4 47 54 
Additions0 45 48 
Maturities0 (44)(45)
Transfer to non-current assets and liabilities held for sale0 (48)0 
Transfer to listed non-current investments(7)0 0 
Fair value adjustment - FVTOCI0 2 0 
Fair value adjustments - FVTPL5 0 0 
Other0 0 (2)
Translation0 2 (8)
Balance at end of year2 4 47 
The unlisted investments include:
Book value of unlisted investments2 4 47 
Non-current other investments188 76 141 
Total book value of other investments188 86 147 
(1)The group’s listed equity investments are susceptible to market price risk arising from uncertainties about the future values of the investments.
At the reporting date, the FVTOCI equity investments were listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

(2)The investment in Sandstorm was disposed in 2020.

F - 59

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
21    INVENTORIES
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Non-current
Raw materials - ore stockpiles69 93 106 
Current
Raw materials
- ore stockpiles262 229 251 
- heap-leach inventory5 4 3 
Work in progress
- metals in process46 51 44 
Finished goods
- gold doré/bullion42 42 57 
- by-products0 1 0 
Total metal inventories355 327 355 
Mine operating supplies378 305 297 
733 632 652 
Total inventories(1)
802 725 758 

(1)The amount of the write-down of ore stockpiles and mine operating supplies to net realisable value, and recognised as an expense in cost of sales is $7m (2019: $4m; 2018: $19m).
22    TRADE, OTHER RECEIVABLES AND OTHER ASSETS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Non-current
Deferred compensation asset28 0 0 
Prepayments12 15 18 
Recoverable tax, rebates, levies and duties195 107 84 
235 122 102 
Current
Trade and loan receivables56 47 33 
Prepayments56 61 42 
Recoverable tax, rebates, levies and duties (1)
100 130 116 
Other receivables17 12 18 
229 250 209 
Total trade, other receivables and other assets464 372 311 
There is a concentration of risk in respect of amounts due from Revenue Authorities for recoverable tax, rebates, levies and duties from subsidiaries in the Africa Region segment. These values are summarised as follows:
Recoverable value added tax215 167 126 
Recoverable fuel duties(2)
0 43 41 
Appeal deposits34 10 10 

(1) Includes taxation asset, refer note 31.
(2) Fuel duty claims were written off during 2020.




F - 60

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
22    TRADE, OTHER RECEIVABLES AND OTHER ASSETS (continued)

Geita Gold Mine

Geita Gold Mine (GGM) in Tanzania net indirect tax receivables balance increased by $20m$11m to $139m (2019: $119m; 2018: $84m)$153m (2021: $142m; 2020: $139m).

Claims relating to periods from August 2021 totalling $45m were offset against provisional tax payments in 2022. Offset against provisional corporate tax payments amounted to $54m in 2021. No refunds were received in cash or offset against provisional corporate tax payments were made in the current year. Claims relating to periods pre-July 2017 totalling $9m were2020. Amounts offset against provisional corporate tax payments in 2019. Amounts set off against VAT claims have been certified by an external advisor and verified by the Tanzania Revenue Authority (“TRA”)(TRA). The TRA acknowledged the majority of the offsets during December 2019. The remaining disputed balance relating to the period July 2017 to June 2020 was objected to as GGM believe that the claims have been correctly lodged pursuant to Tanzanian law.

An amendment, effective 20 July 2017, to Tanzania's mining legislation included an amendment to the Value Added Tax Act, 2014 (No. 5) (2015 VAT Act) to the effect that no input tax credit can be claimed for the exportation of “raw minerals”. The Written Laws (Miscellaneous Amendments) (No. 2) Act, 2019,, issued during 2019, provides a definition for "raw minerals". However, GGM has received notices from the TRA that they are not eligible for VAT relief from July 2017 onwards on the basis that all production constitutes “raw minerals” for this purpose.

The basis for dispute of the disqualifications is on the interpretation of the legislation. Management's view is the definition of "raw minerals" provided in the Written Laws (Miscellaneous Amendments) (No. 2) Act.Act, 2019 excludes gold doré. Gold bearing ore is mined from the open pit and underground mining operations, where it is further crushed and milled to maximise the gold recovery process, producing gold doré exceeding 80% purity as well as beneficiated products (concentrate). On this basis the mined doré and concentrate do not constitute “raw minerals” and accordingly the VAT claims are valid. Management have obtained a legal opinionopinions that supportssupport management's view that doré does not constitute a “raw mineral”.

The Finance Act 2020 became effective on 1 July 2020. The Finance Act amended the VAT Act by deleting the disqualification of VAT refunds due to the exportation of “raw minerals”. The deletion is intended to ensure the recovery of VAT refunds from July 2020, although the amendment cannot be applied retrospectively, itthe change in the VAT Act, together with the Written Laws (Miscellaneous Amendments) (No.2) Act 2019, confirms that doré bars are not “raw minerals” and that VAT refunds from July 2017 onwards are due to GGM. On 30 January 2021, management received a proposal from the TRA to settle VAT objections filed between 2017 and 2020, confirming the TRA's position to disqualify all VAT refunds requested by GGM for the period from July 2017 to June 2020. Management is not in agreement with the proposal and will pursueare pursuing legal remedies provided to taxpayers by Tanzanian law.law, as well as working with the TRA towards an agreement to resolve these matters.

The total VAT claims submitted from July 2017 to June 2020 amount to $164m (of the total, $25m$155m (net of claims were submitted in 2020)foreign exchange revaluations). All disqualifications received from the TRA have been objected to by GGM in accordance with the provisions and time frames set out in the Tax Administration Act, 2015 (No.10). Claims of $27m$64m (2021: $50m; 2020 $52m) were submitted between July 2020to the TRA and December 2020, taking the total claims amount to $191m.$203m (net of offsets and foreign exchange revaluations). The net indirect tax receivable at 31 December 20202022 of $139m,$153m, reflects a probability weighted scenario model of the discounting effects applied to the timing of when GGM expects to offset its indirect tax claims against future income taxes of GGM.


CVSA

Cerro Vanguardia (CVSA)
On 4 September 2018, a decree was published by the Argentinian Government, which reintroduced export duties for products exported from Argentina. The export duty rate was 12% on the freight on board (FOB) value of goods exported, including gold, paid in country. The duty was limited so as not to exceed ARS $4 for each US dollar exported. On 14 December 2019, the Government of Argentina announced that the cap of ARS $4 for each US dollar exported, would be replaced by a flat rate of 12% for 2020. On 2 October 2020, the Government of Argentina extended the export duties until 31 December 2021, at a rate of 8% for gold bullion. On 31 December 2021, the Government of Argentina extended the export duties until 31 December 2023, at a rate of 8% for gold bullion. In terms of the Stability Agreement between CVSA and the Government of Argentina, CVSA has a right of refund or offset of these amounts paid as established by its Stability Agreement, which provides for a 30% taxation cap on annual taxes and duties paid by CVSA. Export duty refunds for the years 2018 to 2022 are outstanding as at 31 December 2022 and their fair value has been estimated using a probability weighted scenario model considering various recovery time frames, estimated Argentina Peso to USD exchange rates and discounting using a country risk adjusted rate. As a result of the taxation cap, net export duty receivables amount to $23m (2019: $25m).$9m (2021: $19m; 2020 $23m), and reflects the discounting effects applied to when CVSA expects refund of these receivables.

F - 59

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
21    CASH RESTRICTED FOR USE
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Non-current
Cash restricted for environmental and rehabilitation obligations (1)
33 32 31 
Current
Cash restricted by prudential solvency requirements (2)
18 18 24 
Cash balances held by - joint operations (3)
9 8 18 
27 26 42 
Total cash restricted for use (note 33 and 34)60 58 73 
(1)    Reclamation bonds provided to the Environmental Protection Agency in Ghana for environmental and rehabilitation obligations.
(2)    Cash held by the Group's captive insurance company to maintain the solvency capital requirement.
(3)    Cash held by joint operations for use within those entities only.

F - 60

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
22    CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Cash and deposits on call870 712 1,081 
Money market instruments238 442 249 
Total cash and cash equivalents (note 33 and note 34)1,108 1,154 1,330 


23    CASH RESTRICTED FOR USESHARE CAPITAL AND PREMIUM
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Share capital
Authorised (1)
600,000,000 ordinary shares of 25 SA cents each23 23 23 
Issued and fully paid
418,600,473 (2021: 417,501,452; 2020: 416,890,087) ordinary shares of 25 SA cents each17 17 17 
Share premium
Balance at beginning of year7,206 7,250 7,235 
Ordinary shares issued - share premium16 9 15 
Preference shares redeemed(1)
— (53)— 
7,222 7,206 7,250 
Less: held within the Group
Redeemable preference shares(1)
(53)
Balance at end of year7,222 7,206 7,197 
Share capital and premium7,239 7,223 7,214 
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Non-current31 31 35 
Current
Cash restricted by prudential solvency requirements and other24 27 24 
Cash balances held by the Tropicana - joint operation18 6 7 
42 33 31 
Total cash restricted for use (note 35 and 36)73 64 66 

(1)     During December 2021 the A and B redeemable preference shares were redeemed and the preference share certificates cancelled.
All redeemable preference shares were removed from authorised share capital at the Annual General Meeting held on 16 May 2022.

F - 61

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
24    CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTSBORROWINGS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Non-current
Unsecured
Debt carried at amortised cost
Rated bonds - issued October 2021745744 — 
Semi-annual coupons are paid at 3.375% per annum on the $750m 7-year bonds. The bonds were issued on 22 October 2021, are repayable on 1 November 2028.
Rated bonds - issued October 2020694 693 692 
Semi-annual coupons are paid at 3.75% per annum on $700m 10-year bonds. The bonds were issued on 1 October 2020, are repayable on 1 October 2030.
Rated bonds - issued April 2010296 296 295 
Semi-annual coupons are paid at 6.5% per annum on $300m 30-year bonds. The $300m bonds are repayable in April 2040.
Rated bonds - issued July 2012— — 764 
Semi-annual coupons were paid at 5.125% per annum on the $750m 10-year bonds. The bonds were issued on 30 July 2012 and were repaid during October 2021 and November 2021.
Multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility ($1.4bn multi-currency RCF)31 — 
The Facility consisted of a US dollar-based facility with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above LIBOR and an Australian dollar-based facility capped at $500m with a margin of 1.45% above BBSY. The applicable margin was subject to a ratings grid. The facility was issued on 23 October 2018 and was repaid and cancelled on 9 June 2022.
Multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility ($1.4bn multi-currency RCF) - 202230 
This facility was entered into on 9 June 2022 and consists of a US dollar- based facility with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above SOFR plus a credit adjustment spread and an Australian dollar-based facility capped at $500m with a margin of 1.45% above BBSY. The applicable margin is subject to a ratings grid. The facility is available until 9 June 2027, with the option on application to extend by two years.
Siguiri revolving credit facility ($65m)— 35 67 
Interest paid at 8.5% above LIBOR. The facility was issued on 23 August 2016, extended to 3 August 2022 and repaid and cancelled.
Siguiri revolving credit facility ($65m) - 202267 
Interest paid at 8% above term SOFR. The facility was issued on 13 October 2022 and is available until 13 October 2025.
Geita revolving credit facility ($150m)113 
Multi-currency RCF consisting of a Tanzanian shilling component which was capped at the equivalent of US$45m. Interest on this component was paid at 12.5%. Interest on the remaining USD component was paid at LIBOR plus 6.7%. The facility was cancelled during December 2021.
Geita revolving credit facility ($150m) - 2021151 110 
A multi-currency RCF was entered into during December 2021, consisting of a Tanzanian shilling component which is capped at the equivalent of US$87m. This component bears interest at 12.5%. The remaining USD component of the facility bears interest at LIBOR plus 6.7%. The facility matures either in August 2024 or December 2024 depending on the fulfilment of certain conditions in the facility agreement.
Total borrowings (note 33)1,983 1,909 1,931 
Current portion of borrowings (note 34)(18)(51)(142)
Total non-current borrowings (note 34)1,965 1,858 1,789 
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Cash and deposits on call1,081 417 312 
Money market instruments249 39 17 
Total cash and cash equivalents (notes 35 and note 36)1,330 456 329 


25    SHARE CAPITAL AND PREMIUM
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Share capital
Authorised
600,000,000 ordinary shares of 25 SA cents each23 23 23 
2,000,000 A redeemable preference shares of 50 SA cents each0 0 0 
5,000,000 B redeemable preference shares of 1 SA cent each0 0 0 
30,000,000 C redeemable preference shares of 0 par value0 0 0 
23 23 23 
Issued and fully paid
416,890,087 (2019: 415,301,215; 2018: 412,769,980) ordinary shares of 25 SA cents each17 17 16 
2,000,000 A redeemable preference shares of 50 SA cents each0 0 0 
778,896 B redeemable preference shares of 1 SA cent each0 0 0 
17 17 16 
Treasury shares held within the group:
2,778,896 A and B redeemable preference shares0 0 0 
17 17 16 
Share premium
Balance at beginning of year7,235 7,208 7,171 
Ordinary shares issued - share premium15 27 37 
7,250 7,235 7,208 
Less: held within the group
Redeemable preference shares(53)(53)(53)
Balance at end of year7,197 7,182 7,155 
Share capital and premium7,214 7,199 7,171 

The rights and restrictions applicable to the A, B and C redeemable preference shares were unchanged during 2020. The cancellation of all redeemable preference shares is in process.
F - 62


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Amounts falling due
Within one year18 51 142 
Between one and two years149 31 812 
Between two and five years102 110 — 
After five years1,714 1,717 977 
(note 33)1,983 1,909 1,931 


IBOR linked borrowings
26    BORROWINGS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Non-current
Unsecured
Debt carried at amortised cost
Rated bonds - issued July 2012764 762 761 
Semi-annual coupons are paid at 5.125% per annum. The bonds were issued on 30 July 2012, are repayable on 1 August 2022 and are US dollar-based.
Rated bonds - issued April 2010295 1,003 1,002 
Semi-annual coupons are paid at 5.375% per annum on $700m 10-year bonds and at 6.5% per annum on $300m 30-year bonds. The $700m were repaid on 15 April 2020 and the $300m bonds are repayable in April 2040. The bonds are US dollar-based.
Rated bonds - issued October 2020692 0 0 
Semi-annual coupons are paid at 3.75% per annum. The bonds were issued on 1 October 2020, are repayable on 1 October 2030 and are US dollar-based.
Multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility ($1.4bn multi-currency RCF)0 15 0 
The Facility consists of a US dollar based facility with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above LIBOR and an Australian dollar based facility capped at $500m with a margin of 1.45% above BBSY. The applicable margin is subject to a ratings grid. The facility was issued on 23 October 2018 and is available until 23 October 2023.
Syndicated loan facility (R1.4bn)00 28 
Quarterly interest paid at JIBAR plus 1.65% per annum. The facility was issued on 7 July 2015 and was cancelled on 19 February 2020.The loan is SA rand-based.
Syndicated loan facility (R1bn)072 35 
Quarterly interest paid at JIBAR plus 1.3% per annum. The facility was issued on 3 November 2017. During 2020 the facility was fully repaid and voluntarily cancelled on 11 November 2020. The loan was SA rand-based.
Siguiri revolving credit facilities ($65m)67 67 0 
Interest paid at 8.5% above LIBOR. The facility was issued on 23 August 2016, and is available until 3 May 2022 and is US dollar-based.
Geita revolving credit facility ($150m)113 114 60 
Multi-currency RCF consisting of Tanzanian shilling component which is capped at the equivalent of US$45m. This component bears interest at 12.5%. The remaining USD component of the facility bears interest at LIBOR plus 6.7% The facility matures on 22 June 2021.
Revolving credit facilities ($100m)00103 
During 2019 the loans were refinanced and included in the Geita and Siguiri revolving credit facilities.
Secured
Finance leases (1)
0 0 57
During the first half of 2022, the US$1.4bn multi-currency revolving credit facility (“RCF”) was repaid and replaced with a new five-year unsecured $1.4bn multi-currency RCF with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) adjusted for credit adjustment spread. The $65m Siguiri RCF which was due to mature on 3 May 2022, was extended on 29 April 2022 for three months and the interest rate amended to a fixed rate plus 8.5%. During the second half of 2022, this Siguiri RCF was repaid and replaced with a new three-year unsecured $65m RCF with interest charged at a margin of 8% above term SOFR. The transition from LIBOR to SOFR had no impact on the Group financial statements as the relief provided by the Interbank Offered Rate (“IBOR”) Phase 2 amendments was applied.

The table below provides further detail on revolving credit facilities (RCFs) which reference LIBOR. At 31 December 2022, this facility had yet to transfer to an alternative benchmark rate:

Figures in millions - US DollarCarrying value at 31 December 2022Repayable within one yearRepayable between one and two years
Geita revolving credit facility ($150m) (1)
63— 63 

(1) The Geita RCF consists of a Tanzanian shilling component which is capped at the equivalent of US$87m and this component bears interest at 12.5%. The remaining component bears interest at LIBOR plus 6.7%. The Facility was fully drawn at 31 December 2022. The Geita RCF facility matures either in August 2024 or December 2024 depending on the fulfilment of certain conditions in the facility agreement.

F - 63

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

26    BORROWINGS (continued)
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Other0 0 4 
Total borrowings (note 35)1,931 2,033 2,050 
Current portion of borrowings (note 36)(142)(734)(139)
Total non-current borrowings (note 36)1,789 1,299 1,911 
Amounts falling due
Within one year142 734 139 
Between one and two years812 110 734 
Between two and five years0 898 860 
After five years977 291 317 
(note 35)1,931 2,033 2,050 
BORROWINGS continued
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Currency
The currencies in which the borrowings are denominated are as follows:
US dollar1,858 1,829 1,884 
Australian dollar37 33 — 
SA rand— — — 
Tanzanian shillings88 47 47 
(notes 33)1,983 1,909 1,931 
Undrawn facilities
Undrawn borrowing facilities as at 31 December are as follows:
FirstRand Bank Limited (R150m; 2021: R150m; 2020: R500m) - SA rand9 10 34 
Multi currency syndicated revolving credit facility ($1.4bn) - US Dollar1,362 1,367 1,400 
Geita Revolving credit facility - $150m - US dollar / Tanzanian shilling— 40 41 
Siguiri Revolving credit facility - $65m - US dollar— 30 — 
1,371 1,447 1,475 
Change in liabilities arising from financing activities:
Reconciliation of borrowings (excluding lease liabilities) (1)
A reconciliation of the total borrowings included in the statement of financial position is set out in the following table:
Opening balance1,909 1,931 2,033 
Proceeds from borrowings266 822 2,226 
Repayment of borrowings(184)(820)(2,310)
Finance costs paid on borrowings(89)(115)(114)
Deferred loan fees(8)(4)4 
Other borrowing fees— (11)(15)
Interest charged to the income statement97 106 115 
Translation(8)— (8)
Closing balance1,983 1,909 1,931 
Reconciliation of finance costs paid:
A reconciliation of the finance cost paid included in the statement of cash flows is set out in the following table:
Finance costs paid on borrowings89 115 114 
Capitalised finance cost(2)(14)(17)
Commitment fees, utilisation fees and other borrowing costs12 10 13 
Total finance costs paid99 111 110 

(1) The Finance leases have been included in the lease liabilities from 1 January 2019 (refer to note 16).

IBOR linked borrowings

The Interest Rate Benchmark Reform - Phase 2 Amendments will have an effect on the group financial statements. The group has revolving credit facilities which reference to LIBOR, some of which extend beyond 2021. These facilities have yet to transfer to an alternative benchmark interest rate. The table below provides the details of these contracts:


Figures in millionsCarrying value at 31 December 2020Repayable within one yearRepayable within one to two years
Siguiri revolving credit facility ($65m)67265
Geita revolving credit facility ($105m) (1)
67670
Multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility ($1.4bn multi-currency RCF) (2)
0 00


(1) The Geita RCF consists of a Tanzanian shilling component which is capped at the equivalent of US$45m and this component bears interest at 12.5%. The remaining component bears interest at LIBOR plus 6.7%.

(2) The $1.4bn multi-currency is undrawn at 31 December 2020 and is available until 23 October 2023.
F - 64

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

26    BORROWINGS (continued)

US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Currency
The currencies in which the borrowings are denominated are as follows:
US dollar1,884 1,893 1,896 
Australian dollar0 21 48 
SA rand0 72 75 
Tanzanian shillings47 47 29 
Brazilian real0 0 2 
(notes 35)1,931 2,033 2,050 
Undrawn facilities
Undrawn borrowing facilities as at 31 December are as follows:
Syndicated revolving credit facility (R2.5bn) - SA rand (1)
179 174 
Syndicated revolving credit facility (R1.4bn) - SA rand (2)
100 70 
FirstRand Bank Limited (R500m; 2019 & 2018: R750m) - SA rand34 54 52 
Revolving credit facility (R1bn) - SA rand(3)
0 35 
Multi currency syndicated revolving credit facility ($1.4bn) - US Dollar1,400 1,379 1,400 
Revolving credit facility - $150m41 40 57 
1,475 1,752 1,788 
Change in liabilities arising from financing activities:
Reconciliation of borrowings (excluding lease liabilities) (4):
A reconciliation of the total borrowings included in the statement of financial position is set out in the following table:
Opening balance2,033 2,050 2,268 
Proceeds from borrowings2,226 168 753 
Repayment of borrowings(2,310)(123)(967)
Finance costs paid on borrowings(114)(122)(117)
Deferred loan fees4 (7)0 
Other borrowing fees(15)
Interest charged to the income statement115 127 127 
Reclassification of finance leases to lease liabilities0 (60)0 
Translation(8)0 (14)
Closing balance1,931 2,033 2,050 
Reconciliation of finance costs paid:
A reconciliation of the finance cost paid included in the statement of cash flows is set out in the following table:
Finance costs paid on borrowings114 122 117 
Capitalised finance cost(17)(6)0 
Commitment fees, utilisation fees and other borrowing costs13 12 13 
Total finance costs paid110 128 130 

(1) R2.5bn Syndicated loan facility issued December 2017 was cancelled on 23 October 2020.

(2) R1.4bn Syndicated loan facility issued July 2015 was cancelled on 19 February 2020.

(3) R1bn Syndicated loan facility issued November 2017 was cancelled on 11 November 2020.

(4)Refer note 1614 for changes in lease liabilities arising from financing activities.

F - 6564
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)




2725    ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION AND OTHER PROVISIONS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Environmental rehabilitation obligations
Provision for decommissioning
Balance at beginning of year215 219 196 
Charge to income statement— 3 — 
Change in estimates(1)
(55)(8)17 
Unwinding of decommissioning obligation5 3 2 
Translation(3)(2)4 
Balance at end of year162 215 219 
Provision for restoration
Balance at beginning of year458 440 423 
Charge to income statement(8)(3)2 
Change in estimates(1)
(36)29 15 
Additions2 — — 
Unwinding of restoration obligation12 6 4 
Utilised during the year(8)(10)(11)
Translation(4)(4)7 
Balance at end of year416 458 440 
Provision for silicosis
Balance at beginning of year34 4954
Change in estimates(1)14 
Transfer (to) from short term provisions included in trade, other payables and provisions2 (5)(1)
Unwinding of silicosis provision3 34
Utilised during the year(15)(10)(9)
Translation— (4)(3)
Balance at end of year23 3449
Other provisions(2)
Balance at beginning of year22 23 24 
Charge to income statement20 14 12 
Change in estimates2 — 1 
Transfer (to) from short term provisions included in trade, other payables and provisions(5)(7)3 
Utilised during the year(6)(6)(13)
Translation— (2)(4)
Balance at end of year33 22 23 
Total environmental rehabilitation and other provisions634 729 731 
Sensitivity analysis - Provision for decommissioning (3)
A change in discount rates and cash flows have a significant impact on the amounts recognised in the statement of financial position. A 10% change in the discount rate and cash flows would have the following impact:
Effect of increase in assumptions:
10% change in discount rate(7)(5)(3)
10% change in cash flows16 21 22 
Effect of decrease in assumptions:
10% change in discount rate8 5 3 
10% change in cash flows(16)(21)(22)
Sensitivity analysis - Provision for restoration (3)
A change in discount rates and cash flows have a significant impact on the amounts recognised in the income statement. A 10% change in the discount rate and cash flows would have the following impact:
Effect of increase in assumptions:
10% change in discount rate(10)(5)(3)
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Environmental rehabilitation obligations
Provision for decommissioning
Balance at beginning of year196 237 286 
Charge to income statement0 0 1 
Change in estimates(1)
17 29 (47)
Unwinding of decommissioning obligation2 10 12 
Transfer to assets and liabilities held for sale0 (81)0 
Utilised during the year0 (1)(1)
Translation4 2 (14)
Balance at end of year219 196 237 
Provision for restoration
Balance at beginning of year423 385 409 
Charge to income statement2 (1)2 
Change in estimates(1)
15 50 (28)
Unwinding of restoration obligation4 9 12 
Transfer to assets and liabilities held for sale0 (15)0 
Utilised during the year(11)(5)(3)
Translation7 0 (7)
Balance at end of year440 423 385 
Other provisions(2)
Balance at beginning of year78 205 247 
Charge to income statement12 39 24 
Change in estimates5 27 18 
Transfer to assets and liabilities held for sale0 (115)0 
Transfer from (to) short term provisions included in trade and other payables2 (73)(26)
Unwinding of other provisions4 6 7 
Utilised during the year(22)(16)(35)
Translation(7)5 (30)
Balance at end of year72 78 205 
Total environmental rehabilitation and other provisions731 697 827 
F - 65
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)



10% change in cash flows42 46 44 
Effect of decrease in assumptions:
10% change in discount rate10 5 3 
10% change in cash flows(42)(46)(44)
Sensitivity analysis - Provision for silicosis (3)
Significant judgements are applied in estimating the costs required to settle any qualifying silicosis claims and is based on certain assumptions which includes the number of claimants, take-up rates and disease progression rates. A 10% change in these assumptions would have the following impact:
Effect of increase in assumptions:
10% change in take-up rates6 6 6 
10% change in number of cases6 6 6 
10% change in disease progression rate4 3 3 
Effect of decrease in assumptions:
10% change in take-up rates(6)(6)(6)
10% change in number of cases(6)(6)(6)
10% change in disease progression rate(4)(3)(3)

(1)The change in estimates is attributable to changes in discount rates due to changes in global economic assumptions and changes in mine plans resulting in a change in cash flows and changes in design of tailings storage facilities and in methodology following requests from the environmental regulatory authorities. These provisions are expected to unwind beyond the end of the life of mine.

(2)Other provisions include the long-term provision for the silicosis class action litigation of $49m (2019: $54m; 2018: $47m), the short-term portion of $12m (2019; $11m; 2018: $16m) has been included in trade and other payables. The balance of otherOther provisions comprises claims filed by former employees in respect of loss of employment, work-related accident injuries and diseases, governmental fiscal claims relating to levies, surcharges and environmental legal disputes and a shareholder claim related to stamp duties. These liabilities are expected to be settled over the next two-totwo-to five-year period.

(3)The sensitivity analysis is based on the change of a single assumption, keeping all other assumptions constant. This may not be the case in practice where changes in assumptions may result in correlated changes in other assumptions, and a change in the provision amount.


Environmental obligations

Pursuant to environmental regulations in the countries in which we operate, in connection with plans for the eventual end-of-life of our mines, we are obligated to rehabilitate the lands where such mines are located. In most cases, AngloGold Ashanti is required to provide financial guarantees for such work, including reclamation bonds or letters of credit issued by third party entities, independent trust funds or cash reserves maintained by the operation, to the respective environmental protection agency, or such other government department with responsibility for environmental oversight in the respective country, to cover the estimated environmental rehabilitation obligations.

In most cases, the environmental obligations will expire on completion of the rehabilitation although, in some cases, we may be required to post bonds for potential events or conditions that could arise after the rehabilitation has been completed.

In Australia, since 2014, we have paid into a Mine Rehabilitation Fund an amount of AUD $11.2m for a current carrying value of the liability of AUD $107.4m. At Iduapriem, we have provided a bond comprising of a cash component of $11.8m with a further bond guarantee amounting to $14m issued by ABSA Bank Ghana Limited and Standard Chartered Bank Ghana Ltd for a current carrying value of the liability of $45.9m. At Obuasi, we have provided a bond comprising of a cash component of $21.54m with a further bank guarantee amounting to $30m issued by Stanbic Bank Ghana Limited and Standard Chartered Bank Ghana PLC for a current carrying value of the liability of $171.03m. In some circumstances we may be required to post further bonds in due course which will have a consequential income statement charge for the fees charged by the providers of the reclamation bonds.



2826    PROVISION FOR PENSION AND POST-RETIREMENT BENEFITS
US DollarsUS Dollars
Figures in millionsFigures in millions202020192018Figures in millions202220212020
Defined benefit plansDefined benefit plansDefined benefit plans
The retirement schemes consist of the following:The retirement schemes consist of the following:The retirement schemes consist of the following:
Post-retirement medical scheme for AngloGold Ashanti's South African employeesPost-retirement medical scheme for AngloGold Ashanti's South African employees77 93 93 Post-retirement medical scheme for AngloGold Ashanti's South African employees66 71 77 
Other defined benefit plansOther defined benefit plans6 7 7 Other defined benefit plans5 6 6 
83 100 100 71 77 83 
F - 66
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
2826    PROVISION FOR PENSION AND POST-RETIREMENT BENEFITS (continued)


Figures in millions202020192018
US Dollars
Post-retirement medical scheme for AngloGold Ashanti's South African employees
The provision for post-retirement medical funding represents the provision for health care benefits for employees and retired employees and their registered dependants.
The post-retirement benefit costs are assessed in accordance with the advice of independent professionally qualified actuaries. The actuarial method used is the projected unit credit funding method. This scheme is unfunded. The last valuation was performed as at 31 December 2020.
Information with respect to the defined benefit liability is as follows:
Benefit obligation
Balance at beginning of year93 93 115 
Interest cost7 8 9 
Benefits paid(7)(8)(10)
Actuarial (gain) loss(9)(2)(5)
Translation(5)2 (16)
Balance at end of year79 93 93 
Settlement gain(2)0 0 
Net amount recognised77 93 93 
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Interest cost7 8 9 
Net periodic benefit cost7 8 9 
Assumptions
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at the end of the year are as follows:
Discount rate9.14 %9.15 %9.57 %
Expected increase in health care costs6.06 %7.25 %7.35 %
Assumed health care cost trend rates at 31 December:
Health care cost trend assumed for next year6.06 %7.25 %7.35 %
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)6.06 %7.25 %7.35 %
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for health care plans. A 1% point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effect:
Effect on total service and interest cost – 1% point increase0 1 1 
Effect on post-retirement benefit obligation – 1% point increase4 7 7 
Effect on total service and interest cost – 1% point decrease0 (1)(1)
Effect on post-retirement benefit obligation – 1% point decrease(4)(6)(7)
Cash flows
Contributions
AngloGold Ashanti Limited expects to contribute $8m to the post-retirement medical plan in 2021.
Estimated future benefit payments
The following medical benefit payments, which reflect the expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid:
20218
20229
20239
20249
20259
Thereafter33

Figures in millions202220212020
US Dollars
Post-retirement medical scheme for AngloGold Ashanti's South African employees
The provision for post-retirement medical funding represents the provision for health care benefits for employees and retired employees and their registered dependants.
The post-retirement benefit costs are assessed in accordance with the advice of independent professionally qualified actuaries. The actuarial method used is the projected unit credit funding method. The last valuation was performed as at 31 December 2022.
Information with respect to the defined benefit liability is as follows:
Benefit obligation
Balance at beginning of year71 77 93 
Interest cost6 6 7 
Benefits paid(7)(8)(7)
Actuarial loss (gain)(1)1 (9)
Translation(3)(5)(5)
Balance at end of year66 71 79 
Settlement gain— — (2)
Net amount recognised66 71 77 
Assumptions
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at the end of the year are as follows:
Discount rate10.88 %9.79 %9.14 %
Expected increase in health care costs7.49 %7.23 %6.06 %
Assumed health care cost trend rates at 31 December:
Health care cost trend assumed for next year7.49 %7.23 %6.06 %
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)7.49 %7.23 %6.06 %
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for health care plans. A 1% point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effect:
Effect on total service and interest cost – 1% point increase— 1 — 
Effect on post-retirement benefit obligation – 1% point increase4 5 4 
Effect on total service and interest cost – 1% point decrease— — — 
Effect on post-retirement benefit obligation – 1% point decrease(4)(4)(4)
During 2022 the company purchased annuities to partly meet its obligations to pay medical aid contributions. Two remaining premiums of $22m are payable on 1 August 2023 and 2024. The annuities are payable monthly and cover 100% of the medical aid contributions payable to retired members. The annuities increase by South African CPI each year.
Reimbursive right for post-retirement benefits
Premiums paid26 
Benefits paid(3)
Interest income1 
Actuarial loss (gain)(12)
Translation— 
Balance at end of year12 
The fair value of the right of reimbursement has been determined as the present value of expected future annuity payments payable by the insurer in respect of continuation members, less the present value of outstanding medical aid premium payments payable on 1 August 2023 and 2024. The future annuity payments make appropriate allowance for future increases in line with CPI. The main input used in the valuation model are healthcare cost inflation of 6.2%, demographic assumptions and medical aid contribution increases of 7.49%. This is considered a level 3 fair value input.
Cash flows
Estimated future benefit payments
The following medical benefit payments, which reflect the expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid through purchased annuities:
20238 
20249 
20259 
20268 
20278 
Thereafter29 
F - 67


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

27    DEFERRED TAXATION
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Deferred taxation relating to temporary differences is made up as follows:
Liabilities
Tangible assets (owned)430 442 373 
Right-of-use assets52 53 40
Inventories19 13 20 
Other13 22 13 
514 530 446 
Assets
Provisions131 141 122 
Lease liabilities57 56 42 
Tax losses89 23 22 
Other9 4 21 
286 224 207 
Net deferred taxation liability228 306 239 
Included in the statement of financial position as follows:
Deferred tax assets (1)
72 7 7 
Deferred tax liabilities300 313 246 
Net deferred taxation liability228 306 239 
The movement on the net deferred tax balance is as follows:
Balance at beginning of year306 239 136 
Taxation of items included in income statement from continuing and discontinued operations(58)64 53 
Taxation of non-current assets and liabilities included in income statement from discontinued operations— — 28 
Taxation on items included in other comprehensive income(14)6 6 
Translation(6)(3)16 
Balance at end of year228 306 239 
(1)    Deferred tax assets of $72m (2021: $7m; 2020: $7m) were recognised for Obuasi, resulting from generated tax losses to be utilised against future taxable income.


29    DEFERRED TAXATION
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Deferred taxation relating to temporary differences is made up as follows:
Liabilities
Tangible assets (owned)373 370 521 
Right-of-use assets40 48 0
Inventories20 24 37 
Other13 9 5 
446 451 563 
Assets
Provisions122 209 218 
Lease liabilities42 52 0
Tax losses15 45 24 
Other28 9 6 
207 315 248 
Net deferred taxation liability239 136 315 
Included in the statement of financial position as follows:
Deferred tax assets7 105 0 
Deferred tax liabilities246 241 315 
Net deferred taxation liability239 136 315 
The movement on the net deferred tax balance is as follows:
Balance at beginning of year136 315 359 
Taxation of items included in income statement from continuing and discontinued operations53 (189)(30)
Taxation of non-current assets and liabilities included in discontinued operations28 0 0 
Taxation on items included in other comprehensive income6 (2)5 
Transfer to non-current assets and liabilities held for sale0 15 0 
Translation16 (3)(19)
Balance at end of year239 136 315 
Provision has been made for South African income tax or foreign taxes that may result from future remittances of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries or foreign corporate joint ventures, where the groupGroup is able to assert that the undistributed earnings are not permanently reinvested. In all other cases, the foreign subsidiaries reinvest the undistributed earnings into future capital expansion projects, maintenance capital and ongoing working capital funding requirements. Unrecognised taxable temporary differences pertaining to undistributed earnings totalled $1,806m (2019: $1,787m(1); 2018: $1,663m(1))$1,393m (2021: $1,800m; 2020: $1,806m). If remitted, the undistributed earnings may be subject to withholding taxes between 0% - 10%.
(1) Prior year amounts have been represented to disclose the gross undistributed earnings. The representation has no impact on deferred tax previously recognised.








F - 68


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)



3028    TRADE, OTHER PAYABLES AND PROVISIONS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Non-current
Other Payables8 15 3 
Current
Trade payables403 365 350 
Accruals(1)
191 167 186 
Short-term provisions30 53 20 
Derivatives0 0 9 
Other payables3 1 29 
627 586 594 
Total trade, other payables and provisions635 601 597 
Current trade and other payables are non-interest bearing and are normally settled within 60 days.
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Non-current
Other payables7 7 8 
Current
Trade payables391 406 403 
Accruals(1)
279 205 191 
Short-term provisions30 31 30 
Short-term financial liabilities6 — — 
Other payables4 5 3 
710 647 627 
Total trade, other payables and provisions717 654 635 
Current trade and other payables are non-interest bearing and are normally settled within 60 days.
(1)Includes accrual for silicosis of $12m (2019: $11m; 2018: $16m)(2021: $16m; 2020: $12m) and retrenchments of nil (2021: $7m; 2020: nil).
F - 69


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)


29    TAXATION

31    TAXATION
US DollarsUS Dollars
Figures in millionsFigures in millions202020192018Figures in millions202220212020
Balance at beginning of yearBalance at beginning of year62 54 50 Balance at beginning of year(10)139 62 
Refunds during the yearRefunds during the year0 7 5 Refunds during the year32 20 — 
Payments during the yearPayments during the year(431)(228)(171)Payments during the year(166)(336)(431)
Taxation of items included in the income statementTaxation of items included in the income statement562 298 242 Taxation of items included in the income statement231 248 562 
Offset of VAT and other taxesOffset of VAT and other taxes(41)(50)(63)Offset of VAT and other taxes(84)(87)(41)
Transfer of Siguiri tax asset to non-current trade and other receivablesTransfer of Siguiri tax asset to non-current trade and other receivables4 — — 
Withholding tax transferred from (to) trade, other payables and provisionsWithholding tax transferred from (to) trade, other payables and provisions— 7 (7)
Discounting of tax receivableDiscounting of tax receivable— 1 — 
Transfer from tax receivable relating to North AmericaTransfer from tax receivable relating to North America(4)(10)0 Transfer from tax receivable relating to North America— — (4)
Withholding tax transferred to trade, other payables and provisions(7)0 0 
TranslationTranslation(2)(9)(9)Translation1 (2)(2)
Balance at end of yearBalance at end of year139 62 54 Balance at end of year8 (10)139 
Included in the statement of financial position as follows:Included in the statement of financial position as follows:Included in the statement of financial position as follows:
Taxation asset included in trade, other receivables and other assetsTaxation asset included in trade, other receivables and other assets(14)(10)(6)Taxation asset included in trade, other receivables and other assets(37)(49)(14)
Taxation liabilityTaxation liability153 72 60 Taxation liability45 39 153 
139 62 54 8 (10)139 

3230    CASH GENERATED FROM OPERATIONS
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Profit (loss) before taxation1,589 619 445 
Adjusted for:
Movement on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts0 (6)6 
Amortisation of tangible assets and right of use assets (note 4)568 580 553 
Finance costs and unwinding of obligations (note 7)177 172 168 
Environmental, rehabilitation and other expenditure(50)(6)(23)
Impairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposal(1)3 5 
Other expenses (income)51 41 28 
Amortisation of intangible assets (note 4)2 3 5 
Interest income(27)(14)(8)
Share of associates and joint ventures’ (profit) loss (note 8)(278)(168)(122)
Other non-cash movements35 43 (4)
Movements in working capital(238)(165)(122)
1,828 1,102 931 
Movements in working capital:
(Increase) decrease in inventories(83)(67)(2)
(Increase) decrease in trade, other receivables and other assets(163)(138)(74)
Increase (decrease) in trade, other payables and provisions8 40 (46)
(238)(165)(122)
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Profit (loss) before taxation489 958 1,627 
Adjusted for:
Movement on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts6 — — 
Amortisation of tangible and right of use assets (note 4)632 474 573 
Amortisation of intangible assets (note 4)1 3 2 
Finance costs and unwinding of obligations (note 6)149 116 177 
Environmental, rehabilitation, silicosis and other provisions(85)(20)(50)
Impairment and derecognition of assets308 7 1 
Profit on sale of assets(8)(22)(2)
Other expenses (income)9 61 51 
Interest income(81)(58)(27)
Share of associates and joint ventures’ (profit) loss (note 7)(166)(249)(278)
Other non-cash movements127 30 30 
Movements in working capital(137)53 (238)
1,244 1,353 1,866 
Movements in working capital:
(Increase) decrease in inventories(54)58 (83)
Increase in trade, other receivables and other assets(149)(49)(163)
Increase in trade, other payables and provisions66 44 8 
(137)53 (238)

F - 70

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3331    RELATED PARTIES
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Material related party transactions were as follows (not attributable):
Sales and services rendered to related parties
Associates11 19 0 
Joint ventures8 7 10 
Purchases and services acquired from related parties
Associates20 12 19 
Joint ventures1 1 0 
Outstanding balances arising from sale of goods and services due by related parties
Associates11 19 19 
Joint ventures0 1 0 
Amounts owed to/due by related parties above are unsecured and non-interest bearing.
Loans advanced to joint ventures and associates
Loans advanced to associates and joint ventures are included in the carrying value of investments in associates and joint ventures (note 19)
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Material related party transactions were as follows (not attributable):
Sales and services rendered to related parties
Associates— 7 11 
Joint ventures— — 8 
Purchases and services acquired from related parties
Associates14 14 20 
Joint ventures— — 1 
Outstanding balances arising from sale of goods and services due by related parties
Associates— 7 11 
Joint ventures— — — 
Amounts owed to/due by related parties above are unsecured and non-interest bearing.
Loans advanced to joint ventures and associates
Loans advanced to associates and joint ventures are included in the carrying value of investments in associates and joint ventures (note 17)

Executive contracts
All members of the Executive Management team have permanent employment contracts which entitle them to standard group benefits as defined by their specific region and participation in the Company’s Deferred Share Plan (DSP).

South African-based executives are paid a portion of their remuneration offshore, which is detailed under a separate contract. This reflects global roles and responsibilities and takes account of offshore business requirements.

The executive contracts are reviewed annually and currently continue to include a change in control provision. The change in control is subject to the following triggers:
•The acquisition of all or part of AngloGold Ashanti; or
•A number of shareholders holding less than thirty-five percent of the Company’s issued share capital consorting to gain a majority of the board and make management decisions; and
•The contracts of Executive Committee members are either terminated or their role and employment conditions are curtailed.

In the event of a change in control becoming effective, the executive management team will in certain circumstances be subject to both the notice period and the change in control contract terms. The notice period applied per category of executive and the change in control periods as at 31 December 20202022 were as follows:

Executive Committee memberNotice PeriodChange of control
CEOChief Executive Officer(1)
12 months12 months
CFOChief Financial Officer(2)
6 months6 months
Other Executive Management team members6 months6 months
(1)     KC Ramon in her Interim CEO role remains on a 6 months notice period and 6 month change in control period
(2)    I Kramer in his Interim CFO role remains on a 3 months notice period and a 3 months change in control period


F - 71


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)



Directors and other key management personnel

Executive directors’ and prescribed officers’ remuneration

Key management remuneration includes directors and prescribed officers that held office in the current year. For disclosure of the remuneration of key management in the prior year, refer to the disclosure provided in the prior year annual financial statements.
The tables below illustrate the single total figure of remuneration and the total cash equivalent received reconciliation of Executive Directors and Prescribed Officers as prescribed by King IV. It comprises an overview of all the pay elements available to the executive management team for the year ended 31 December 2020.2022.

The following are definitions of terminology used in the adoption of the reporting requirements under King IV.

Reflected
In respect of the DSP awards, remuneration is reflected when performance conditions have been met during the reporting period.

Settled
This refers to remuneration that has been included in prior reporting periods and has now become payable (but may not yet have been paid) to the executive in the current period.

Single total figure of
remuneration
Base SalaryPension scheme benefitsCash in lieu of dividends
Other benefits(2)
Awards earned during the period reflected but not yet settledOther PaymentSingle total figure of remuneration
ZAR denominated portion
USD/AUD denominated portion(1)
DSP awards(3)
202020192018
ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000
USD '000 (9)
USD '000(9)
USD '000(9)
Executive directors
KPM Dushnisky(4)
0 21,657 5,266 13 1,759 25,796 0 54,491 3,312 6,268 7,570 
KC Ramon(5)
5,864 4,594 834 385 924 22,507 16,513 51,621 3,138 5,097 3,547 
Total executive directors5,864 26,251 6,100 398 2,683 48,303 16,513 106,112 6,450 11,365 11,117 
Prescribed officers
SD Bailey4,465 3,305 0 75 1,259 24,103 0 33,207 2,019 2,190 0 
PD Chenard5,282 4,255 0 0 2,468 8,554 0 20,559 1,250 3,292 0 
GJ Ehm0 10,462 284 409 710 32,108 0 43,973 2,673 4,742 3,286 
L Eybers0 10,832 284 377 798 31,896 0 44,187 2,686 4,659 2,511 
I Kramer(6)
1,156 0 144 0 24 6,085 289 7,698 468 0 0 
LMarwick(7)
1,896 939 256 0 136 16,615 571 20,413 1,241 0 0 
S Ntuli5,202 3,851 728 95 1,387 26,942 0 38,205 2,322 2,565 0 
ME Sanz Perez(8)
2,353 1,763 514 300 1,809 0 0 6,739 410 3,868 2,833 
TR Sibisi4,484 3,518 1,000 258 58 20,802 0 30,120 1,831 3,514 2,699 
Total prescribed officers24,838 38,925 3,210 1,514 8,649 167,105 860 245,101 14,900 24,830 11,329 
Notes
Single total figure of
remuneration
Base SalaryPension scheme benefitsCash in lieu of dividends
Other benefits(2)
Awards earned during the period reflected but not yet settledOther PaymentsSingle total figure of remuneration
ZAR denominated portion
USD/AUD denominated portion(1)
DSP awards(3)
Sign-on
awards
granted		202220212020
ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000
USD '000(12)
USD '000(12)
USD '000(12)
Executive directors
A Calderon— 26,185 6,481 — 162 83,180 — — 116,008 7,089 2,761 — 
KC Ramon(4)
3,052 2,336 430 435 3,524 4,551 — 13,082 27,410 1,675 2,875 3,138 
Total executive directors3,052 28,521 6,911 435 3,686 87,731 — 13,082 143,418 8,764 5,636 3,138 
Prescribed officers
L Ali(6)
— 7,620 — — 787 20,092 19,111 047,610 2,909 — — 
SD Bailey5,037 2,977 — 225 1,177 20,882 — — 30,298 1,851 1,673 2,019 
I Boninelli(7)
1,507 — — — 3 — — — 1,510 92 605 — 
TJ Briggs(8)
— 5,073 374 — 677 13,060 14,437 — 33,621 2,054 — — 
VA Chamberlain (9)
1,058 225 137 124 18 2,664 — 321 4,547 278 606 — 
L Eybers— 10,986 312 401 814 28,281 — — 40,794 2,493 2,291 2,686 
MC Godoy— 9,821 1,645 — 1,224 25,282 — — 37,972 2,320 2,857 — 
I Kramer(10)
2,167 — 271 — 40 6,899 — 542 9,919 606 598 468 
L Marwick5,310 2,148 713 84 520 19,220 — — 27,995 1,711 1,433 1,241 
Exited prescribed
officers (11)
— — — — — — — — — — 4,226 8,076 
Total prescribed officers15,079 38,850 3,452 834 5,260 136,380 33,548 863 234,266 14,314 14,289 14,490 
(1)    Salary denominated in USD/AUD for global roles and responsibilities converted to ZAR on payment date.ZAR.
(2)    Other benefits include health care, group personal accident disability,cover, life cover, funeral cover, accommodation allowance, pension allowance, airfare and surplus leave encashed. Surplus leave days accrued are automatically encashed unless work requirements allow for carry over.
(3)    The fair value of the DSP comprises of a cash bonus and share awards for the year ended 31 December 2020.2022. The cash bonus is payable in February 20212023 and the share awards are allocated in February 2021.2023. Shares vest over either a 5-yearthree- or five-year period in equal tranches.
(4)    KPM Dushnisky received the cash portion only for 2020 due to his resignation,KC Ramon retired as Chief Financial Officer and executive director with effect from 30 June 2022. All payments including salary, pension and other benefits were pro-rated and aligned to the standard terms30 June 2022. Included in other payments is payment in lieu of unworked notice period from 1 July 2022 to 31 December 2022, as well as a waiver and conditionsrestraint of termination.trade payments.
(5)    KC Ramon was appointed as Interim CEOKPM Dushniskjy resigned effective 1 September 2020. His single total figure of remuneration for 2022 was nil (2021: $2.8m; 2020: $3.3m)
(6)    L Ali was appointed as Chief People Officer and prescribed officer with effect from 1 April 2022. All payments including salary, DSP awards and other benefits were pro-rated and aligned to the appointment period. The sign-on awards of ZAR19.111m was awarded on appointment date, 1 April 2022, in lieu of forfeited remuneration and shares from previous employer, of which ZAR5.525m will be settled in cash over a period of two years and ZAR13.586m will be settled in shares vesting over a two year period in accordance with the JSE Listing Requirements.
(7)I Boninelli stepped down as Executive Group Human Resources Consultant and prescribed officer effective 31 March 2022. All payments including salary, DSP awards (cash bonus only) and other benefits were pro-rated and aligned to the appointment period.
(8)    TJ Briggs was appointed as Chief Development Officer and prescribed officer with effect from 1 April 2022. All payments, including pension and other benefits, were pro-rated to the appointment period for 2022. Included in the DSP awardawards is the DSP cash bonus and share award, for 2020 calculatedpro-rated to align to the period. The sign-on awards of ZAR14.437m was awarded on appointment date, 1 April 2022, in lieu of shares forfeited from previous employer and will be settled in shares vesting over a three year period in accordance with the CFO role for 8 months only. Other payments reflect the acting allowance paid and the DSP cash bonus and share award for the acting period of 4 months calculated on the CEO target bonus opportunity.JSE Listing Requirements.
(6)(9)    I Kramer was appointedVA Chamberlain stepped down as Interim CFOChief Development Officer and prescribed officer effective 1 September 2020.31 March 2022. All salary payments, including salary, pension and other benefits, were pro-rated and aligned to the appointment date.period. The DSP awards (cash bonus only) were pro-rated and paid for the period until his retirement effective 31 October 2022 and were calculated based on his Senior Vice President salary and target bonus opportunity. Other payments reflect the acting allowance for the acting period from 1 January to 31 March 2022.
(10)    I Kramer was appointed as Interim Chief Financial Officer and prescribed officer from 1 July 2022 to 31 December 2022. All salary payments, including pension and other benefits, were pro-rated aligned to the acting period for 2022. Included in the DSP awardawards is the DSP cash bonus and share award for the full year of 20202022 (DSP award wasawards were not pro-rated. It waspro-rated but were calculated based on his normal Senior Vice President salary plus 46 months acting allowance on the Senior Vice President target bonus opportunity). Other payments reflect the acting allowance for the acting period from 1 SeptemberJuly to 31 December 2020.2022.
(7)(11)    L Marwick was appointed asExited prescribed officer and Interimofficers include PD Chenard, who retired 31 January 2021, GJ Ehm, who retired 31 December 2021, S Ntuli, who separated from the Company Secretary effective 1 July 2020. All salary payments, including pension and other benefits, were pro-rated and aligneddue to the appointment date. Included in the DSP award is the DSP cash bonusreconfigured Operating Model effective 31 December 2021, and share award for the full year of 2020 (DSP award was not pro-rated. It was calculated based on the prescribed officer target bonus opportunity for the full year aligned to the standard conditions of employment). Other benefits reflect the acting allowance for the acting period in the Company Secretary role from 1 July 2020 to 10 JanuaryTR Sibisi, who resigned effective 30 September 2021.
(8)    ME Sanz Perez resigned effective 30 June 2020. All salary payments, including salary, pension and other benefits, are pro-rated in accordance with the resignation date.
(9)(12)    Convenience conversion to USD at the year-to-date average exchange rate of $1: R16.4506 (2019:R16.3655 (2021: $1: R14.445; 2018: R13.247)R14.7842; 2020: $1:R16.4506).








F - 72

Directors and other key management personnel CONTINUED
Total cash equivalent received reconciliationSingle total figure of remunerationAwards earned during the period reflected but not yet settledDSP 2020 cash portion settledBSP, CIP, DSP and LTIP share awards settledSign-on shares settledTotal cash equivalent received reconciliation
DSP awards(1)
Sign-on
awards
granted
Grant fair value(2)
Market movement since grant date(2)
Vesting fair value(2)
Grant fair value(2)
Market movement since grant date(2)
Vesting fair value(2)
202220212020
ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000
USD '000(3)
USD '000(3)
USD '000(3)
Executive directors
A Calderon116,008 (83,180)— 7,557 — — — — — — 40,385 2,468 1,375 — 
KC Ramon27,410 (4,551)— 9,951 12,666 3,174 15,840 — — — 48,650 2,973 2,329 4,278 
Total executive directors143,418 (87,731)— 17,508 12,666 3,174 15,840 — — — 89,035 5,441 3,704 4,278 
Prescribed officers
L Ali47,610 (20,092)(19,111)— — — — 6,246 (1,377)4,869 13,276 811 — — 
SD Bailey30,298 (20,882)— 4,965 7,101 1,376 8,477 — — — 22,858 1,397 1,365 1,508 
I Boninelli1,510 — — 4,091 — — — — — — 5,601 342 328 — 
TJ Briggs33,621 (13,060)(14,437)— — — — — — — 6,124 374 — — 
VA Chamberlain4,547 — — 2,944 7,908 (147)7,761 — — — 15,252 932 288 — 
L Eybers40,794 (28,281)— 6,516 11,177 2,776 13,953 — — — 32,982 2,015 2,039 3,756 
MC Godoy37,972 (25,282)— 1,594 — — — 13,720 4,400 18,120 32,404 1,980 471 — 
I Kramer9,919 (6,899)— 2,184 2,196 205 2,401 — — — 7,605 465 536 98 
L Marwick27,995 (19,220)— 4,273 3,151 364 3,515 — — — 16,563 1,012 948 231 
Exited prescribed officers— — — — — — — — — — — — 7,922 10,744 
Total prescribed officers234,266 (133,716)(33,548)26,567 31,533 4,574 36,107 19,966 3,023 22,989 152,665 9,328 13,897 16,337 
Total cash equivalent received reconciliationSingle total figure of remunerationAwards earned during the period reflected but not yet settledDSP 2019 cash portion settledBSP, CIP, DSP and LTIP share awards settledSign-on cash settledSign-on shares settledTotal cash equivalent received reconciliation
DSP awards(1)
Grant fair value(2)
Market movement since grant date(2)
Vesting fair value(2)
Grant fair value(2)
Currency movement since grant date(2)
Settlement fair value(2)
Grant fair value(2)
Market movement since grant date(2)
Vesting fair value(2)
202020192018
ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000
USD '000(4)
USD '000(4)
USD '000(4)
Executive directors
KPM Dushnisky(3)
54,491 (25,796)9,177 2,770 1,810 4,579 14,680 (245)14,435 10,094 18,379 28,473 85,359 5,189 6,298 550 
KC Ramon51,621 (38,137)9,214 22,804 24,878 47,682 0 0 0 0 0 0 70,380 4,278 3,057 1,936 
Total executive directors106,112 (63,933)18,391 25,574 26,688 52,261 14,680 (245)14,435 10,094 18,379 28,473 155,739 9,467 9,355 2,486 
— — 
Prescribed officers
SD Bailey33,207 (24,103)5,473 4,960 5,278 10,237 0 0 0 0 0 0 24,814 1,508 1,041 0 
PD Chenard20,559 (8,554)5,557 0 0 0 3,165 0 3,165 6,513 9,012 15,525 36,252 2,204 900 0 
GJ Ehm43,973 (32,108)8,612 20,969 21,781 42,750 0 0 0 0 0 0 63,227 3,843 2,536 1,751 
L Eybers44,187 (31,896)8,518 19,688 21,295 40,983 0 0 0 0 0 0 61,792 3,756 2,082 1,233 
I Kramer7,698 (6,085)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,613 98 0 0 
L Marwick20,413 (16,615)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,798 231 0 0 
S Ntuli38,205 (26,942)6,367 6,289 6,710 12,999 0 0 0 0 0 0 30,629 1,862 1,160 0 
ME Sanz Perez6,739 0 6,224 17,588 18,861 36,448 0 0 0 0 0 0 49,411 3,004 2,425 1,399 
TR Sibisi30,120 (20,802)5,943 15,258 16,122 31,380 0 0 0 0 0 0 46,641 2,835 2,249 886 
Total prescribed officers245,101 (167,105)46,694 84,752 90,047 174,797 3,165 0 3,165 6,513 9,012 15,525 318,177 19,341 12,393 5,269 

Notes
(1)    The fair value of the DSP comprises of a cash bonus and share awards for the year ended 31 December 2020.2022. The cash bonus is payable in February 20212023 and the share awards are allocated in February 2021.2023. Shares vest over a 53- to 5- year period in equal tranches.
(2)    Reflects the sum of all the grant fair value, the sum of all the share price movements since grant to vesting date and the sum of all the vesting fair value for the vested DSP 2019, vested CSLTIP 2017, vested BSP 2018, vested CIP 2018DSP 2020, DSP 2021 and vested sign-on share awards and difference in the currency movements for the vested sign-on cash settled award.
(3)KPM Dushnisky's cash portion of the DSP 2019 award was reduced by USD800,000. This is in lieu of the sign-on bonus which Mr Dushnisky voluntarily repaid after his former employer paid him a discretionary cash incentive for the same period.
(4)    Convenience conversion to USD at the year-to-date average exchange rate of $1:R16.4506 (2019:R16.3655 (2021: $1:R14.445; 2018:R14.7842; 2020: $1:R13.247)R16.4506).
F - 73

Directors and other key management personnel (continued)


Details of the share incentive scheme awards are included below.
BSP awards
Balance at
1 January 2020		GrantedVested, deemed settledForfeited/ Lapsed
Balance at
31 December 2020
 Fair value of granted awards
 Fair value of vested awards(1)
Fair value of unvested awards at 31 December 2020
ZAR'000ZAR'000ZAR'000
Executive Directors
KPM Dushnisky0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
KC Ramon27,817 0 27,817 0 0 0 9,402 0 
Total executive directors27,817 0 27,817 0 0 0 9,402 0 
Prescribed officers
SD Bailey8,306 0 8,306 00 0 2,807 0 
PD Chenard0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
GJ Ehm22,997 0 22,997 0 0 0 7,773 0
L Eybers22,288 0 22,288 0 0 0 7,533 0 
I Kramer (2)
3,716 0 3,716 0 0 0 1,256 0 
L Marwick (2)
3,577 0 3,577 0 0 0 1,209 0 
S Ntuli10,637 0 10,637 0 0 0 3,595 0 
ME Sanz Perez19,072 0 19,072 0 0 0 6,446 0 
TR Sibisi17,705 0 17,705 0 0 0 5,984 0 
Total prescribed officers108,298 0 108,298 0 0 0 36,603 0 
Other management809,659 0 809,659 0 0 0 273,665 0 
Total BSP awards945,774 0 945,774 0 0 0 319,670 0 

(1)The fair value of vested awards represents the value deemed received on settlement date. This is the final vesting for this scheme as it is closed.
(2)Opening balances were included as part of Other management.

F - 74

Details of the share incentive scheme awards are included below.
LTIP awards
Balance at
1 January 2020		GrantedVested, deemed settledForfeited/ Lapsed
Balance at
31 December 2020
 Fair value of granted awards
 Fair value of vested awards(1)
Fair value of unvested awards at 31 December 2020
ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000
Executive directors
KPM Dushnisky0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
KC Ramon110,595 0 104,468 6,127 0 0 29,431 0 
Total executive directors110,595 0 104,468 6,127 0 0 29,431 0 
Prescribed officers
SD Bailey19,793 0 18,696 1,097 0 0 5,267 0 
PD Chenard0 — 0 0 0 0 0 0 
GJ Ehm110,595 0 104,468 6,127 0 0 29,431 0 
L Eybers97,535 0 92,131 5,404 0 0 25,955 0 
I Kramer (2)
10,143 0 9,581 562 0 0 2,661 0 
L Marwick (2)
7,749 0 7,319 430 0 0 2,033 0 
S Ntuli25,173 0 23,778 1,395 0 0 6,699 0 
ME Sanz Perez88,463 0 83,562 4,901 0 0 23,541 0 
TR Sibisi75,971 0 71,762 4,209 0 0 20,217 0 
Total prescribed officers435,422 0 411,297 24,125 0 0 115,804 0 
Other management934,545 0 882,734 51,811 0 0 245,197 0 
Total LTIP awards1,480,562 0 1,398,499 82,063 0 0 390,432 0 

(1)The fair value of vested awards represents the value deemed received on settlement date. This is the final vesting for this scheme as it is closed.
(2)Opening balances were included as part of Other management.

F - 75


CIP matched awards
Balance at
1 January 2020		GrantedMatchedForfeited/ Lapsed
Balance at
31 December 2020
 Fair value of granted awards
 Fair value of matched awards(1)
Fair value of unvested matched at
31 December 2020
ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000
Executive directors
KPM Dushnisky0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
KC Ramon8,475 0 8,475 0 0 0 2,780 0 
Total executive directors8,475 0 8,475 0 0 0 2,780 0 
Prescribed officers
SD Bailey0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
PD Chenard0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
GJ Ehm0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
L Eybers6,590 0 6,590 0 0 0 2,264 0 
I Kramer0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
L Marwick0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
S Ntuli0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
ME Sanz Perez5,742 0 5,742 0 0 0 1,883 0 
TR Sibisi3,120 0 3,120 0 0 0 891 0 
Total prescribed officers15,452 0 15,452 0 0 0 5,038 0 
Other management0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Total CIP awards23,927 0 23,927 0 0 0 7,818 0 

(1)The fair value of matched awards represents the value received on settlement dates. This is the final vesting for this scheme as it is closed.

Sign-on share awards
Balance at
1 January 2020		GrantedVested deemed settledForfeited/ Lapsed
Balance at
31 December 2020
 Fair value of granted awards(1)
 Fair value of vested awards(2)
Fair value of unvested awards at
31 December 2020(3)
ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000
Executive directors
KPM Dushnisky175,878 0 87,939 0 87,939 0 28,473 30,121 
Total executive directors175,878 0 87,939 0 87,939 0 28,473 30,121 
Prescribed officers
PD Chenard64,951 0 32,475 0 32,476 0 15,525 11,124 
Total prescribed officers64,951 0 32,475 0 32,476 0 15,525 11,124 
Total sign-on share awards240,829 0 120,414 0 120,415 0 43,998 41,245 

Balance at
1 January 2022		GrantedVested deemed settled
Balance at
31 December 2022
 Fair value of granted awards(1)
 Fair value of vested awards(2)
Fair value of unvested awards at
31 December 2022(3)
ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000
Prescribed officers
L Ali— 44,233 20,337 23,896 13,586 4,869 7,867 
TJ Briggs— 47,004 — 47,004 14,437 — 15,475 
M Godoy107,353 — 48,309 59,044 — 18,120 19,439 
Total prescribed officers107,353 91,237 68,646 129,944 28,023 22,989 42,781 
Other management (4)
4,553 — 2,500 2,053 — 631 676 
Total sign-on share awards111,906 91,237 71,146 131,997 28,023 23,620 43,457 
(1)    The fair value of granted awards represents the value of awards, calculated using a five business day volume weighted average share price prior to grant date. The share awards were granted on start date and will vest over a 2-year2- to 3-year period in equal tranches in accordance with the JSE Listing requirements.Listings Requirements.
(2)    The fair value of KDM Dushnisky's vested awards representsrepresent the value received on settlement date, 26 February 2020. The fair value of PD Chenard's vested awards represents the value received on settlement date, 12 May 2020.date.
(3)    The fair value of unvested awards is calculated using the closing share price as at 31 December.

(4)    

The awards for other management for the 2021 comparatives include awards for Mr PD Chenard who retired as a prescribed officer on 31 January 2021.
F - 7673


Directors and other key management personnel CONTINUED
DSP awards

Balance at
1 January 2020		GrantedVested, deemed settledForfeited/ Lapsed
Balance at
31 December 2020
 Fair value of granted awards(1)
 Fair value of vested awards(2)
Fair value of unvested awards at
31 December 2019(3)
ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000
Executive directors
KPM Dushnisky67,742 128,719 13,548 0 182,913 41,959 4,579 62,651 
KC Ramon89,782 62,595 17,956 0134,421 20,404 6,069 46,042 
Total executive directors157,524 191,314 31,504 0 317,334 62,363 10,648 108,693 
Prescribed officers
SD Bailey19,196 39,635 6,398 0 52,433 12,920 2,163 17,959 
PD Chenard0 40,251 0 0 40,251 13,121 0 13,787 
GJ Ehm82,037 54,574 16,407 0 120,204 17,789 5,546 41,172 
L Eybers77,380 53,982 15,476 0 115,886 17,597 5,231 39,693 
I Kramer(5)
7,759 9,012 3,879 0 12,892 2,938 1,311 4,416 
L Marwick(5)
6,170 8,397 3,085 0 11,482 2,737 1,043 3,933 
S Ntuli24,006 46,110 8,002 0 62,114 15,030 2,705 21,275 
ME Sanz Perez(4)
67,712 45,068 13,542 99,238 0 14,691 4,577 0 
TR Sibisi63,424 43,035 12,684 0 93,775 14,028 4,287 32,120 
Total prescribed officers347,684 340,064 79,473 99,238 509,037 110,851 26,863 174,355 
Other management1,094,152 645,154 403,017 56,337 1,279,952 210,300 136,220 438,408 
Total DSP awards1,599,360 1,176,532 513,994 155,575 2,106,323 383,514 173,731 721,456 

Balance at
1 January 2022		GrantedVested, deemed settledForfeited/ Lapsed
Balance at
31 December 2022
 Fair value of granted awards(1)
 Fair value of vested awards(2)
Fair value of unvested awards at
31 December 2022(3)
ZAR '000ZAR '000ZAR '000
Executive directors
A Calderon— 41,601 — — 41,601 13,938 — 13,696 
KC Ramon183,487 58,442 46,383 — 195,546 19,580 15,840 64,380 
Total executive directors183,487 100,043 46,383 — 237,147 33,518 15,840 78,076 
Prescribed officers
SD Bailey90,037 33,127 24,712 — 98,452 11,099 8,477 32,413 
VA Chamberlain(4)
27,159 12,986 26,547 13,598 — 4,351 7,761 — 
L Eybers162,348 43,252 40,818 — 164,782 14,491 13,953 54,251 
MC Godoy— 10,180 — — 10,180 3,411 — 3,352 
I Kramer17,824 9,776 6,942 — 20,658 3,275 2,401 6,801 
L Marwick41,821 28,814 10,043 — 60,592 9,654 3,515 19,949 
Total prescribed officers339,189 138,135 109,062 13,598 354,664 46,281 36,107 116,766 
Other management(5)
1,581,013 555,777 788,105 150,099 1,198,586 186,208 234,197 394,610 
Total DSP awards2,103,689 793,955 943,550 163,697 1,790,397 266,007 286,144 589,452 
(1)    The fair value of granted awards represents the value of awards, calculated using a five-business day volume weighted average share price prior to grant date, 2524 February 2020.2022.
(2)    The fair value of vested awards represents the value deemed received on settlement date.
(3)    The fair value of unvested awards is calculated using the closing share price as at 31 December.
(4)    Share awards lapsed due to resignation.retirement.
(5)The awards for other management for the 2021 comparative period include awards for Mr PD Chenard, who retired 31 January 2021, Mr GH Ehm, who retired 31 December 2021, Mr S Ntuli, who separated from the Company due to the reconfigured Operating Model effective 31 December 2021, and Ms TR Sibisi, who resigned effective 30 September 2021.Opening balances were included as part of Other management.
F - 77


Non-Executive Directors’ fees and allowances

The boardFor 2022 the non-executive directors elected not to take anreceive a fee increase in 2020, givento align with the COVID-19 pandemic. Non-executive directors haveexecutive and senior management teams who did not received anreceive a salary increase in their fees since 2014. Note that while the fees have not changed, the absolute figures will vary accordingdue to the number of meetings held in a particular year.Company reorganisation.

The table below details the fees payable to non-executive directors in accordance withduring the Company’s shareholderyear as approved policy together with allowancesby shareholders:
Figures in thousandsFigures in thousands
Director fees(1)
Committee feesTravel allowanceTotalTotalTotal
US Dollars202220212020
MDC Ramos (Chairperson)308,800 56,000 8,750 373,550 451 202 
R Gasant (Lead independent director)166,700 104,500 10,000 281,200 296 223 
KOF Busia125,900 86,500 26,250 238,650 240 103 
AM Ferguson125,900 89,000 33,750 248,650 255 197 
AH Garner125,900 50,500 13,750 190,150 202 174 
SP Lawson125,900 50,500 18,750 195,150 — — 
NVB Magubane (2)
95,300 30,000 8,750 134,050 178 171 
MDC Richter125,900 85,500 18,750 230,150 250 209 
JE Tilk125,900 110,000 23,750 259,650 279 206 
Total fees for 20221,326,200 662,500 162,500 2,151,200 2,151 1,485 
(1)    Includes the annual base fee paid in the year. It is to be noted that certain non-executive directors either waived an element of theirNEDs as well as fees or donated part of theirpaid for special board meetings.
(2)    NVB Magubane passed away on 30 October 2022. The amounts include fees paid up to the South African Solidarity Fund or associated funds, and as such the table does not reflect the fees that were actually paid or received by these non-executive directors:


Figures in thousandsFigures in thousands
Director feesCommittee feesTravel allowanceTotalTotalTotal
US Dollars2019202020192018
M Ramos (Chairperson)130,500 71,875 0 202,375 107 0 
R Gasant (Lead independent director)150,500 72,000 0 222,500 193 229 
KOF Busia (1)
63,500 28,500 11,250 103,250 0 0 
AM Ferguson130,500 59,000 7,500 197,000 217 52 
AH Garner130,500 35,500 7,500 173,500 196 200 
NP January-Bardill(2)
33,500 16,625 0 50,125 186 198 
NVB Magubane (3)
130,500 40,000 0 170,500 0 0 
MDC Richter130,500 67,000 11,250 208,750 230 235 
RJ Ruston(2)
33,500 13,125 10,000 56,625 218 261 
JE Tilk130,500 67,875 7,500 205,875 231 0 
SM Pityana (Chairman)(4)
329,000 77,250 0 406,250 387 441 
Total fees for 20201,393,000 548,750 55,000 1,996,750 1,965 1,616 

(1)Director joined effective 1 August 2020.
(2)Directors retired effective 6 May 2020.
(3)     Director joined effective 1 January 2020.
(4)     Director resigned effective 7 December 2020.last working day.

Non-Executive Directors do not hold service contracts with the Company. Executive Directors do not receive payment of directors’ fees or committee fees.



F - 7874


Directors’ and Prescribed Officers’ interests in AngloGold Ashanti shares (continued)
The interests of directors, prescribed officers and their associates in the ordinary shares of the Company at 31 December, which individually did not exceed 1% of the Company’s issued ordinary share capital, were:
31 December 2020
Beneficial holding
31 December 2019
Beneficial holding
31 December 2018
Beneficial holding
DirectIndirectDirectIndirectDirectIndirect
Non-Executive directors
MDC Richter(1)
9,300 0 9,300 0 9,300 0 
AH Garner(1)
17,500 0 17,500 0 17,500 0 
RJ Ruston(2)
0 1,000 0 1,000 0 1,000 
Total26,800 1,000 26,800 1,000 26,800 1,000 
Executive directors
KPM Dushnisky (1)
38,168 0 131,730 0 50,000 0 
KC Ramon91,949 0 59,124 0 51,062 0 
Total130,117 0 190,854 0 101,062 0 
Company Secretary
L Marwick0 0 0 0 0 0 
Total0 0 0 0 0 0 
Prescribed officers
SD Bailey(1)
8,609 0 1,190 0 0 0 
PD Chenard13,194 0 0 0 0 0 
GJ Ehm(2)
50,443 12,213 35,058 16,213 35,058 16,213 
L Eybers28,466 0 18,164 0 17,207 0 
I Kramer0 0 0 0 0 0 
S Ntuli6,421 0 0 0 0 0 
TR Sibisi34,359 0 13,283 0 9,914 0 
Total141,492 12,213 67,695 16,213 62,179 16,213 
Grand total298,409 13,213 285,349 17,213 190,041 17,213 

31 December 2022
Beneficial holding
31 December 2021
Beneficial holding
31 December 2020
Beneficial holding
US DollarsDirectIndirectDirectIndirectDirectIndirect
Non-Executive directors
KOF Busia(1)
2,000—2,000———
AM Ferguson(1)
5,000—5,000———
MDC Richter(1)
10,3001,00010,300—9,300—
AH Garner(1)
22,500—17,500—17,500—
J Tilk(1)
2,800—————
S Lawson(1)
2,830—————
Total45,4301,00034,800—26,800—
Executive directors
A Calderon (1)(2)
26,370—4,690———
KC Ramon——————
Total26,370—4,690———
Prescribed officers
SD Bailey (1)
13,039—12,867—8,609—
L Eybers (2)
28,466—28,466—28,466—
MC Godoy (1)
32,643—————
I Kramer376—————
Total74,524—41,333—37,075—
Grand total146,3241,00080,823—63,875—
(1)Held on the New York stock exchange as American Depositary Shares (ADSs) (1 ADS is equivalent to 1 ordinary share)
(2)Held on the Australian stocksecurities exchange as CHESS Depositary Receipts (5 CDIs are equivalent to 1 ordinary share)

A register detailing Directors and Prescribed Officers’ interests in contracts is available for inspection at the Company’s registered and corporate office.

Subsequent to 31 December 2020 KOF Busia purchased 1,000 ADSs as Direct Beneficial holding.

There arewere no changes in Director'sDirectors' and Prescribed Officers' interests in AngloGold Ashanti shares, afterexcluding options and awards granted in terms of the Group's DSP scheme, subsequent to 31 December 2020 up to the date of this report.2022.

F - 7975


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)




3432    CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Capital commitments
Acquisition of tangible assets
Contracted for120 161 99 
Not contracted for367 426 792 
Authorised by the directors (1)
487 587 891 
Allocated to:
Project capital
- within one year216 288 446 
- thereafter71 162 308 
287 450 754 
Stay-in-business capital
- within one year200 117 125 
- thereafter0 20 12 
200 137 137 
Share of underlying capital commitments of joint ventures included above12 2 91 
Purchase obligations (2)
Contracted for
- within one year391 506 305 
- thereafter882 579 658 
1,273 1,085 963 

(1) Includes NaN (2019: $59m; 2018: $90m) relating to discontinued operations.

(2) Includes NaN (2019: $8m; 2018: $25m) relating to discontinued operations.

US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Capital commitments
Acquisition of tangible assets
Contracted for178 146 120 
Not contracted for259 547 367 
Authorised by the directors437 693 487 
Allocated to:
Project capital
- within one year155 337 216 
- thereafter39 64 71 
194 401 287 
Stay-in-business capital
- within one year243 292 200 
243 292 200 
Share of underlying capital commitments of joint ventures included above— 4 12 
Purchase obligations
Contracted for
- within one year436 423 391 
- thereafter575 624 882 
1,011 1,047 1,273 

Purchase obligations

Purchase obligations represent contractual obligations for the purchase of mining contract services, power, supplies, consumables, inventories, explosives and activated carbon.

To service these capital commitments, purchase obligations and other operational requirements, the groupGroup is dependent on existing cash resources, cash generated from operations and borrowing facilities.

Cash generated from operations is subject to operational, market and other risks. Distributions from operations may be subject to foreign investment, exchange control laws and regulations, and the quantity of foreign exchange available in offshore countries. In addition, distributions from joint ventures are subject to the relevant board approval.

The credit facilities and other finance arrangements contain financial covenants and other similar undertakings. To the extent that external borrowings are required, the group’sGroup's covenant performance indicates that existing financing facilities will be available to meet the commitments detailed above. To the extent that any of the financing facilities mature in the near future, the groupGroup believes that sufficient measures are in place to ensure that these facilities can be refinanced.

Contingencies
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Contingent liabilities
Litigation - Ghana(1)(2)
97 97 97 
97 97 97 



F - 80
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

34    Contractual commitments and contingencies (continued)
Litigation claims

(1)Litigation - On 11 October 2011, AngloGold Ashanti (Ghana) Limited (AGAG) terminated Mining and Building Contractors Limited’s (MBC) underground development agreement, construction on bulkheads agreement and diamond drilling agreement at Obuasi mine. The parties reached agreement on the terms of the separation and concluded a separation agreement on 8 November 2012. On 20 February 2014, AGAG was served with a demand issued by MBC claiming a total of $97m. In December 2015, the proceedings were stayed in the High Court pending arbitration. In February 2016, MBC submitted the matter to arbitration. The arbitration panel was constituted and on 26 July 2019 held an arbitration management meeting to address initial procedural matters. On 1 May 2020, the Ghana Arbitration Centre notified the parties that the Tribunal has granted the Claimant’s request to adjourn the proceedings indefinitely to enable the parties to explore possible settlement.

(2)Litigation - AGAG received a summons on 2 April 2013 from Abdul Waliyu and 152 others in which the plaintiffs allege that they were or are residents of the Obuasi municipality or its suburbs and that their health has been adversely affected by emission and/or other environmental impacts arising in connection with the current and/or historical operations of the Pompora Treatment Plant (PTP), which was decommissioned in 2000. The plaintiffs’ alleged injuries include respiratory infections, skin diseases and certain cancers. The plaintiffs subsequently did not timely file their application for directions. On 24 February 2014, executive members of the PTP (AGAG) Smoke Effect Association (PASEA), sued AGAG by themselves and on behalf of their members (undisclosed number) on grounds similar to those discussed above, as well as economic hardships as a result of constant failure of their crops. This matter has been adjourned indefinitely. As plaintiffs in these matters have not actively pursued litigation, AGAG is taking steps to have these matters dismissed for want of prosecution. In view of the limitation of current information for the accurate estimation of a liability, no reliable estimate can be made for AGAG’s obligation in either matter.



F - 76
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

32    Contractual commitments and contingencies (continued)
Tax claims

For a discussion on tax claims and tax uncertainties refer to note 12.

Previously disclosed contingencies

Other

(3)Groundwater pollution - AngloGold Ashanti had previously identified groundwater contamination plumes at certain of its South African operations, which have occurred primarily as a result of seepage from mine residue stockpiles. Numerous scientific, technical and legal studies were undertaken to assist in determining the magnitude of the contamination and to find sustainable remediation solutions. The group instituted processes to reduce future potential seepage and it was demonstrated that Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) by the existing environment will contribute to improvements in some instances. Furthermore, literature reviews, field trials and base line modelling techniques suggested, but have not yet proven, that the use of phyto-technologies can address the soil and groundwater contamination. Upon completion of the sale of the remaining South African producing assets to Harmony Gold Company Limited (Harmony Gold) effective 30 September 2020, Harmony Gold became liable for the obligation.

(4)Deep groundwater pollution - The group had previously identified potential water ingress and future pollution risk posed by deep groundwater in certain underground mines in Africa. Various studies have been undertaken by AngloGold Ashanti since 1999 to understand this potential risk.  In South Africa, due to the interconnected nature of mining operations, any proposed solution needs to be a combined one supported by all the mines located in these gold fields. As a result, the South African Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, No. 28 of 2002, as amended (MPRDA) requires that the affected mining companies develop a Regional Mine Closure Strategy to be approved by the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy. Upon completion of the sale of the remaining South African producing assets to Harmony Gold effective 30 September 2020, Harmony Gold became liable for the obligation of deep groundwater pollution pertaining to the South African assets. In view of current information, the group has concluded that the risk with regards to deep groundwater pollution with respect to other underground mine operations in Africa is considered to be remote.






10.
F - 8177

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

3533    FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES

In the normal course of its operations, the groupGroup is exposed to gold price, other commodity price, foreign exchange, interest rate, liquidity, equity price (deemed to be immaterial) and credit risks. In order to manage these risks, the groupGroup may enter into transactions which make use of both on- and off-balance sheet derivatives. The groupGroup does not acquire, hold or issue derivatives for speculative purposes. The groupGroup has developed a comprehensive risk management process to facilitate, control and monitor these risks. The board has approved and monitors this risk management process, inclusive of documented treasury policies, counterparty limits and controlling and reporting structures.

Managing risk in the groupGroup

Risk management activities within the groupGroup are the ultimate responsibility of the board of directors. The Chief Financial Officer is responsible to the board of directors for the design, implementation and monitoring of the risk management plan. The Audit and Risk Committee is responsible for overseeing risk management plans and systems, as well as financial risks which include a review of treasury activities and the group’sGroup’s counterparties.

The financial risk management objectives of the groupGroup are defined as follows:
•safeguarding the group’sGroup’s core earnings stream from its major assets through the effective control and management of gold price risk, other commodity risk, foreign exchange risk and interest rate risk;
•effective and efficient usage of credit facilities in both the short and long-term through the adoption of reliable liquidity management planning and procedures;
•ensuring that investment and hedging transactions are undertaken with creditworthy counterparties; and
•ensuring that all contracts and agreements related to risk management activities are co-ordinated, consistent throughout the groupGroup and that they comply where necessary with all relevant regulatory and statutory requirements.

Gold price and foreign exchange risk

Gold price risk arises from the risk of an adverse effect on current or future earnings resulting from fluctuations in the price of gold. The groupGroup has transactional foreign exchange exposures, which arise from sales or purchases by an operating unit in currencies other than the unit's functional currency. The gold market is predominately priced in US dollars which exposes the groupGroup to the risk of fluctuations in the SA rand/US dollar, Brazilian real/US dollar, Argentinean peso/US dollar and Australian dollar/US dollar exchange rates.


Net open hedge position as at 31 December 2020Other commodity price risk

The group had no commitmentsGroup makes use of derivative financial instruments to mitigate price movements on crude oil purchases. In July 2022, AngloGold Ashanti entered into forward agreements for a total of 999,000 barrels of Brent crude oil for the period January 2023 to December 2023 that will be cash settled on a monthly basis against future production potentially settled in cash.the contract price. The average price achieved on the forward contracts is $89.20 per barrel.


Interest rate and liquidity risk

The groupGroup manages liquidity risk by ensuring that there isit has sufficient committed borrowing and banking facilities after taking into consideration the actual and forecast cash flows, in order to meet the group'sGroup's short, medium and long term funding and liquidity management requirements.

In the ordinary course of business, the groupGroup receives cash from the proceeds of its gold sales and is required to fund its working capital and capital expenditure requirements. This cash is managed to ensure surplus funds are invested in a manner to achieve market-related returns whilst minimising risks. The groupGroup is able to actively source financing at competitive rates. The counter parties are financial and banking institutions and their credit ratings are regularly monitored.

The groupGroup has sufficient undrawn borrowing facilities available to fund its working capital and capital requirements (notes 2624 and 36)34).
F - 8278
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

3533    FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES (continued)

The following are the contractual maturities of financial liabilities, including interest payments:payments, are as follows:

Financial liabilities
Within one yearBetween
one and two
years		Between
two and five years		After five yearsTotal
2022$ millionsEffective
rate %		$ millionsEffective
rate %		$ millionsEffective
rate %		$ millionsEffective
rate %		$ millions
Trade and other payables (1)
680 — 7 — 687 
Bank overdraft2 2 
Borrowings102 249 326 2,098 2,775 
- In USD88 4.6 150 4.6 284 4.2 2,098 4.1 2,620 
 - AUD in USD equivalent2 4.5 2 4.5 42 4.5 46 
- TZS in USD equivalent12 12.5 97 12.5 — 109 
2021
Trade and other payables616 7 — — 623 
Borrowings119 115 332 2,169 2,735 
- In USD113 4.3 76 4.2 280 4.1 2,169 4.1 2,638 
- AUD in USD equivalent— 1.5 33 1.5 — — — — 33 
- TZS in USD equivalent6 12.5 6 12.5 52 12.5 — — 64 
2020
Trade and other payables597 8 — — 605 
Borrowings205 901 137 1,414 2,657 
- In USD158 5.0 901 5.0 137 4.6 1,414 4.6 2,610 
- TZS in USD equivalent47 12.5 — — — — — — 47 
Within one yearBetween
one and two
years		Between
two and five years		After five yearsTotal
2020$ millionsEffective
rate %		$ millionsEffective
rate %		$ millionsEffective
rate %		$ millionsEffective
rate %		$ millions
Trade and other payables627 8 0 0 635 
Borrowings205 901 137 1,414 2,657 
- In USD158 5.0 901 5.0 137 4.6 1,414 4.6 2,610 
- TZS in USD equivalent47 12.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 
2019
Trade and other payables586 15 0 0 601 
Borrowings802 185 1,012 602 2,601 
- In USD790 5.8 132 6.0 913 6.1 602 6.5 2,437 
- AUD in USD equivalent0 2.3 0 2.3 22 2.3 0 0 22 
- TZS in USD equivalent6 12.5 47 12.5 0 0 0 0 53 
- ZAR in USD equivalent6 8.1 6 8.1 77 8.1 0 0 89 
2018
Trade and other payables562 0 0 0 562 
Gold and oil derivative contracts9 0 0 0 9 
Borrowings133 836 1,120 663 2,752 
- In USD112 5.8 790 5.8 1,025 6.0 622 6.5 2,549 
- AUD in USD equivalent7 6.8 7 6.8 23 6.8 26 6.8 63 
- TZS in USD equivalent5 12.5 3 12.5 29 12.5 0 0 37 
- ZAR in USD equivalent9 9.0 36 9.0 43 9.7 15 14.7 103 
(1) Includes an unrealised loss of $6m on oil forward contracts, which is included in loss on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts in the income statement and in trade, other payables and provisions in the statement of financial position.

The table below provides a breakdown of the contractual maturities including interest payments of the lease liabilities.
Within one yearBetween one and two yearsBetween two and five yearsAfter five yearsTotal
2022$ millions$ millions$ millions$ millions$ millions
Lease liabilities79 63 59 2 203 
  - In USD39 28 12 — 79 
  - AUD in USD equivalent24 21 36 2 83 
  - BRL in USD equivalent15 13 9 — 37 
  - ZAR in USD equivalent1 1 2 — 4 
2021
Lease liabilities68 50 74 10 202 
  - In USD32 19 13 — 64 
  - AUD in USD equivalent24 23 51 10 108 
  - BRL in USD equivalent10 7 6 — 23 
  - ZAR in USD equivalent2 1 4 — 7 
2020
Lease liabilities42 31 68 19 160 
- In USD10 4 6 — 20 
- AUD in USD equivalent22 21 58 19 120 
- BRL in USD equivalent7 5 4 — 16 
- ZAR in USD equivalent3 1 — — 4 
Within one yearBetween one and two yearsBetween two and five yearsAfter five yearsTotal
2020$ millionsEffective rate %$ millionsEffective rate %$ millionsEffective rate %$ millionsEffective rate %$ millions
Lease liabilities42 31 68 19 160 
  - In USD10 6.1 4 6.1 6 6.1 0 0 20 
  - AUD in USD equivalent22 4.7 21 4.7 58 4.7 19 4.7 120 
  - BRL in USD equivalent7 8.4 5 8.4 4 8.4 0 0 16 
  - ZAR in USD equivalent3 9.8 1 9.8 0 0 0 0 4 
2019
Lease liabilities51 33 54 56 194 
  - In USD22 7.0 4 7.0 8 7.0 1 7.0 35 
  - AUD in USD equivalent22 3.5 22 3.5 42 3.5 55 3.5 141 
  - BRL in USD equivalent3 6.8 3 6.8 3 6.8 0 0 9 
  - ZAR in USD equivalent4 9.8 4 9.8 1 9.8 0 0 9 








F - 79
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

33FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES (continued)
The table below provides a breakdown of the effective borrowing rate per currency for lease liabilities:
202220212020
USD3.1%2.3%6.1%
AUD4.3%4.6%4.7%
BRL14.7%11.0%8.4%
ZAR5.2%5.9%9.8%
The Group weighted average incremental borrowing rate at the end of 31 December 2022 is 5.7%  ( 2021: 4.6%, 2020: 5.4%).

Credit risk

Credit risk arises from the risk that a counterparty may default or not meet its obligations timeously. The groupGroup minimises credit risk by ensuring that credit risk is spread over a number of counterparties. These counterparties are financial and banking institutions. Counterparty credit limits and exposures are reviewed by the Audit and Risk Committee. Where possible, management ensures that netting agreements are in place. No set-off is applied to the statement of financial position due to the different maturity profiles of assets and liabilities.

F - 83
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

35FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES (continued)

The combined maximum credit risk exposure of the groupGroup is as follows:
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Other investments (1)
2 67 59 
Trade and other receivables95 57 41 
Cash restricted for use (note 23)73 64 66 
Cash and cash equivalents (note 24)1,330 456 329 
Total financial assets1,500 644 495 
(1) Included in other investments are amounts transferred to held for sale NaN (2019 : $63m).
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Other unlisted investments1 1 2 
Trade and other receivables41 87 95 
Cash restricted for use (note 21)60 58 73 
Cash and cash equivalents (note 22)1,108 1,154 1,330 
Total financial assets1,210 1,300 1,500 

Trade and other receivables, that are past due but not impaired totalled $12m (2019: $15m; 2018: $6m). Other investments that are impaired totalled NaN (2019: $1m; 2018: NaN)(2021: $18m; 2020: $12m).

Trade receivables which are recognised on settlement mainly comprise banking institutions purchasing gold bullion and normal market settlement terms are two working days, therefore expected credit losses are not expected to be material.

The groupGroup does not generally obtain collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk, but monitors the credit standing of counterparties.

The maximum exposure to credit risk for all other financial instruments are approximated by their carrying values.

Fair value of financial instruments

The estimated fair values of financial instruments are determined at discrete points in time based on relevant market information.

The estimated fair value of the group’sGroup’s other investments and borrowings as at 31 December are as follows:

Type of instrument
Carrying
amount		Fair
value		Carrying
amount		Fair
value		Carrying
amount		Fair
value
US Dollar millions202020192018
Financial assets
Other investments (1)
188 188 170 170 147 147 
Financial liabilities
Borrowings (note 26)1,931 2,131 2,033 2,135 2,050 2,084 
(1) Included in other investments are amounts transferred to held for sale NaN (2019: $84m)
Carrying
amount		Fair
value		Carrying
amount		Fair
value		Carrying
amount		Fair
value
Figures in millions - US Dollars202220212020
Financial assets
Other investments
3 3 117 117 188 188 
Financial liabilities
Borrowings (note 24)1,983 1,826 1,909 2,011 1,931 2,131 

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument:

Cash restricted for use, cash and cash equivalents, bank overdrafts, trade, other receivables and other assets and trade and other payables
The carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their short term nature,nature.

F - 80
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS except for the deferred compensation asset which is carried at fair value in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.(continued)

33FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES (continued)
Other Investments and other non-current assets
Listed equity investments classified as FVTOCI are carried at fair value in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy and unlisted investments classified as FVTPL are carried at fair value in level 13 of the fair value hierarchy.

Borrowings
The rated bonds are carried at amortised cost and their fair values are their closing market values at the reporting date (fair value hierarchy - level 1). The interest rate on the remaining borrowings is set on a short-term floating rate basis, and accordingly the carrying amount is considered to approximate fair value.value and carried at level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Fair value hierarchy
The groupGroup uses the following hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments:
Level 1:    quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2:    inputs other than quoted prices included in level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (as prices) or indirectly (derived from prices); and
Level 3:    inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

F - 84
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

35FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES (continued)

The following table sets out the group’sGroup’s financial assetsinstruments measured at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy as at 31 December:

Type of instrument
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis
US Dollar millionsLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
2020
Equity securities - FVTOCI186 0 0 186 
Deferred compensation asset0 0 28 28
2019
Equity securities - FVTPL21 0 0 21 
Equity securities - FVTOCI82 0 0 82 
2018
Equity securities - FVTPL190 0 19
Equity securities - FVTOCI69 0 0 69 
Figures in millions - US DollarsLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis2022
Equity securities - FVTOCI2 — — 2 
Deferred compensation asset— — 12 12 
2021
Deferred compensation asset— — 25 25 
Equity securities - FVTOCI116 — — 116 
2020
Equity securities - FVTOCI186— — 186
Deferred compensation asset— — 28 28 
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis2022
Oil derivative contract— 6 — 6 

Level 3 financial assets
On 12 February 2020, AngloGold Ashanti announced that it had reached an agreement to sell its remaining South African producing assets and related liabilities to Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited ("Harmony"). The transaction closed on 30 September 2020, with Harmony taking effective control of these producing assets and related liabilities on 1 October 2020. Consideration for the transaction is in cash and deferred payments, subject to subsequent performance, and with additional proceeds if the West Wits assets are developed below current infrastructure.

The two components of the deferred compensation assets relating to the sale of the South African producing assets and related liabilities to Harmony are calculated as follows:
a.$260 per ounce payable on all underground production sourced within the West Wits mineral rights (comprising the Mponeng, Savuka and TauTona mines) in excess of 250,000 ounces per annum for 6 years commencing 1 January 2021. Using a probability weighted calculation of unobservable market data and estimated with reference to expected underlying discounted cash flows a deferred compensation asset of $28m$12m is recognised in the statement of financial position as at 31 December 2020. If the weighted number of ounces used in the weighted probability calculation increases with 10% over the period calculated, the asset value would increase by approximately $3m and if the weighted number of ounces used in the weighted probability calculation decreases by 10% over the period calculated the value of the asset would decrease by approximately $3m. The sensitivity on the weighted number of ounces included within the weighted probability calculation has been based on the range of possible outcomes expected from Harmony’s mining plans, which could differ from the actual mining plans followed by Harmony.2022.

b. $20 per ounce payable on underground production sourced within the West Wits mineral rights (comprising the Mponeng, Savuka and TauTona mines) below the datum of current infrastructure. At transaction date this constituted 8.53 million ounces of reserves.Mineral Reserve. The consideration is dependent on Harmony developing below infrastructure. The performance of this obligation is outside the influence of AngloGold Ashanti as it depends on Harmony’s future investment decisions. Under the conditions prevailing as at 31 December 2020,2022, no portion of deferred compensation below infrastructure has been included in the loss on disposal of assets of discontinued operations.

Level 2 financial liabilities
The fair values of the gold and oil derivative contracts are determined by using the applicable valuation models for each instrument type with the key inputs being forward prices, the number of outstanding ounces or barrels on open contracts and volatilities.

Gold
In January 2020, AngloGold Ashanti entered into Asian style zero-cost collars for a total of 130,900 ounces of Argentina’s annual gold production for the period February 2020 to December 2020. The strike prices are $1,500 per ounce on the floor and an average price of $1,701.34 per ounce on the cap. At 31 December 2020 the group had no commitments against future production potentially settled in cash.

At 31 December 2020, a realised loss of $14m was incurred.


deferred compensation asset.
F - 8581
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

3533    FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES (continued)
Oil
In February 2020, AngloGold Ashanti entered into Asian style zero-cost collars for a totalReconciliation of approximately 342,000 barrels of Brent crude oil for the period February 2020 to December 2020. The average strike prices are $45 per barrel on the floor and an average price of $65 per barrel on the cap.deferred compensation asset

In February 2020, AngloGold Ashanti entered into Asian style zero-cost collars for a totalA reconciliation of approximately 622,000 barrelsthe deferred compensation asset included in the statement of Brent crude oil forfinancial position is set out in the period March 2020 to December 2020. following table:
Figures in millions - US Dollars20222021
Opening balance25 28 
Unwinding of the deferred compensation asset1 2 
Changes in estimates - fair value adjustments (1)
(13)(3)
Translation(1)(2)
Closing balance (2)
12 25 
(1) Included in the Income statement in foreign exchange and fair value adjustments
(2) Included in the Statement of financial position in non-current trade, other receivables and other assets    
Sensitivity analysis
The average strike prices are$44.50 per barreltable below illustrates the impact on the floor andfair value of the deferred compensation asset resulting from an average price of $65 per barrel onincrease / decrease in production estimates over the cap. At 31 December 2020remaining period used in the group had no commitments potentially settled in cash.weighted probability calculation.
Percentage
change in
number of
ounces		Change in
deferred
compensation
asset
$m		Percentage
change in
number of
ounces		Change in
deferred
compensation
asset
$m
20222021
Effect of changes in assumptions
Increase in number of ounces+10%1 +10%3 
Decrease in number of ounces-10%(1)-10%(3)
The sensitivity on the weighted number of ounces included within the weighted probability calculation has been based on the range of possible outcomes expected from Harmony’s mining plans, which could differ from the actual mining plans followed by Harmony.

At 31 December 2020, a realised loss of $5m was incurred.Level 2 financial liabilities

Environmental obligations

Pursuant to environmental regulations in the countries in which we operate, in connection with planning for end-of-life of our mines, we are obligated to rehabilitate the lands where such mines are located. In most cases, AngloGold Ashanti is required to provide financial guarantees for such work, including reclamation bonds or letters of credit issued by third party entities, independent trust funds or cash reserves maintained by the operation, to the respective environmental protection agency, or such other government department with responsibility for environmental oversight in the respective country, to cover the estimated environmental rehabilitation obligations.

In most cases, the environmental obligations will expire on completionThe fair values of the rehabilitation although, in some cases, we may be required to post bonds for potential events or conditions that could arise afteroil forward rate contracts are determined by using using a valuation model based on the rehabilitation has been completed.

In Australia, since 2014, we have paid into a Mine Rehabilitation Fund an amountBlack-Scholes-Merton option pricing model with the key inputs being forward and spot prices, the number of AUD $8m for a current carrying valueoutstanding barrels of the liability of AUD $144m. At Iduapriem we have provided a bond comprising of a cash component of $10m with a further bond guarantee amounting to $37m issued by Ecobank Ghana Limitedoil on open contracts, risk free rate and Standard Chartered Bank Ghana Ltd for a current carrying value of the liability of $54m. At Obuasi we have provided a bond comprising of a cash component of $21m with a further bank guarantee amounting to $30m issued amongst Stanbic Bank Ghana Limited, $20m and United Bank for Africa Ghana Limited (UBA), $10m for a current carrying value of the liability of $205m. In some circumstances, we may be required to post further bonds in, due course which will have a consequential income statement charge for the fees charged by the providers of the reclamation bonds.

F - 86
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

35FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES (continued)
volatilities.

Sensitivity analysis
Interest rate risk on other financial assets and liabilities (excluding derivatives)
The groupGroup also monitors interest rate risk on other financial assets and liabilities.
The following table shows the approximate interest rate sensitivities of other financial assets and liabilities at 31 December (actual changes in the timing and amount of the following variables may differ from the assumed changes below). As the sensitivity is the same (linear) for both increases and decreases in interest rates only absolute numbers are presented.
Change in interest
rate
basis points		Change in interest
amount
in currency
millions		Change in interest
amount
US dollar
millions
2020
Financial assets
USD denominated1006 6 
AUD denominated1501 1 
ARS denominated250121 1 
Financial liabilities
TZS denominated2502,730 1 
USD denominated1001 1 

Change in interest
rate
basis points		Change in interest
amount
in currency
millions		Change in interest
amount
US dollar
millions
2019
Financial assets
USD denominated1001 1 
AUD denominated1501 1 
BRL denominated000
Financial liabilities
TZS denominated2502,704 1 
ZAR denominated(2)
15015 1 
USD denominated1001 1 

Change in interest
rate
basis points		Change in interest
amount
in currency
millions		Change in interest
amount
US dollar
millions
2018
Financial assets
USD denominated1001 1 
ZAR denominated(1)(2)
1501 1 
BRL denominated2502 1 
Financial liabilities
TZS denominated2501,680 1 
ZAR denominated(2)
15014 1 
AUD denominated1001 1 

(1) A change of 100 basis pointsThe expected impact on the Group's profit or loss and equity is fairly reflected within the "Change in financial assets results in less than a $1m change in the interestinterest" amount.
(2) This is the only interest rate risk for the Company.


F - 8782
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

3533    FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES (continued)
Change in interest
rate
basis points		Change in interest
amount
in currency
millions		Change in interest
amount
US dollar
millions
2022
Financial assets
USD denominated1005 5 
AUD denominated1501 1 
Financial liabilities
TZS denominated2505,128 2 
AUD denominated1501 1 
USD denominated1001 1 
Change in interest
rate
basis points		Change in interest
amount
in currency
millions		Change in interest
amount
US dollar
millions
2021
Financial assets
USD denominated1003 3 
AUD denominated1501 1 
CAD denominated1004 5 
Financial liabilities
TZS denominated2502,692 1 
AUD denominated1501 1 
USD denominated1001 1 
Change in interest
rate
basis points		Change in interest
amount
in currency
millions		Change in interest
amount
US dollar
millions
2020
Financial assets
USD denominated1006 6 
AUD denominated1501 1 
ARS denominated250121 1 
Financial liabilities
TZS denominated2502,730 1 
USD denominated1001 1 




F - 83
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

33FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES (continued)
Foreign exchange risk

Foreign exchange risk arises on financial instruments that are denominated in a foreign currency.

The following table discloses the approximate foreign exchange risk sensitivities of borrowings at 31 December (actual changes in the timing and amount of the following variables may differ from the assumed changes below).
Change in
exchange rate		Change in
borrowings
total		Change in
exchange rate		Change in
borrowings
total		Change in
exchange rate		Change in
borrowings
total
US$ MillionUS$ MillionUS$ Million
202020192018
Borrowings
ZAR denominated (R/$)Spot (+R1.50)0 Spot (+R1.50)(7)Spot (+R1.50)(7)
TZS denominated (TZS/$)Spot (+TZS250)(5)Spot (+TZS250)(5)Spot (+TZS250)(3)
AUD denominated (AUD/$)Spot (+AUD0.1)0 Spot (+AUD0.1)(1)Spot (+AUD0.1)(3)
ZAR denominated (R/$)Spot (R(1.5))0 Spot (R(1.5))9 Spot (R(1.50))9 
TZS denominated (TZS/$)Spot (TZS(250))6 Spot (TZS(250))6 Spot (-TZS(250))4
AUD denominated (AUD/$)Spot (AUD(0.1))0 Spot (AUD(0.1))1 Spot (AUD(0.1))4 
Change in
exchange rate		Change in
borrowings
total		Change in
exchange rate		Change in
borrowings
total		Change in
exchange rate		Change in
borrowings
total
US$ MillionUS$ MillionUS$ Million
202220212020
Borrowings
TZS denominated (TZS/$)Spot (+TZS250)(9)Spot (+TZS250)(5)Spot (+TZS250)(5)
AUD denominated (AUD/$)Spot (+AUD0.1)(2)Spot (+AUD0.1)(2)Spot (+AUD0.1)— 
TZS denominated (TZS/$)Spot (-TZS(250))11 Spot (-TZS(250))6 Spot (-TZS(250))6
AUD denominated (AUD/$)Spot (-AUD(0.1))2 Spot (-AUD(0.1))2 Spot (-AUD(0.1))— 

The borrowings totalfollowing table discloses the approximate foreign exchange risk sensitivities of cash and cash equivalents at 31 December (actual changes in the denominated currency will not be influenced by a movement in its exchange rate.timing and amount of the following variables may differ from the assumed changes below).
Change in exchange rate
Change in cash and cash equivalents total
$ millions
Change in exchange rateChange in cash and cash equivalents total
$ millions		Change in exchange rateChange in cash and cash equivalents total
$ millions
202220212020
Cash and cash equivalents
ZAR denominated (R/$)Spot (+ZAR1.50)9 Spot (+ZAR1.50)9 Spot (+ZAR1.50)20 
AUD denominated (AUD/$)Spot (+AUD0.1)2 Spot (+AUD0.1)4 Spot (+AUD0.1)3 
ARS denominated (ARS/$)Spot(+ARS10)7 Spot(+ARS10)14 Spot(+ARS10)20 
CAD denominated (CAD/$)Spot(+CAD0.1)— Spot(+CAD0.1)24Spot(+CAD0.1)0
ZAR denominated (R/$)Spot (-ZAR1.50)(7)Spot (-ZAR1.50)(7)Spot (-ZAR1.50)(17)
AUD denominated (AUD/$)Spot (-AUD0.1)(2)Spot (-AUD0.1)(4)Spot (-AUD0.1)(3)
ARS denominated (ARS/$)Spot(-ARS(10))(6)Spot(-ARS(10))(11)Spot(-ARS(10))(16)
CAD denominated (CAD/$)Spot(-CAD0.1)— Spot(-CAD0.1)(21)Spot(-CAD0.1)— 
F - 8884


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)



3634    CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

The primary objective of managing the group'sGroup's capital is to ensure that there is sufficient capital available to support the funding requirements of the group,Group, including capital expenditure, in a way that optimises the cost of capital, maximises shareholders' returns and ensures that the groupGroup remains in a sound financial position.

The capital structure of the groupGroup consists of net debt (borrowings as detailed in note 26,24, offset by cash and bank balances detailed in note 24)22) and equity of the groupGroup (comprising share capital and premium and accumulated reserves and non-controlling interests).

The groupGroup manages and makes adjustments to the capital structure as opportunities arise in the market place, as and when borrowings mature, or as and when funding is required. This may take the form of raising equity, market or bank debt or hybrids thereof.

The groupGroup manages capital using various financial metrics including the ratio of Adjusted net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (gearing). Both the calculation of Adjusted net debt and Adjusted EBITDA are based on the formula included in the Revolving Credit Agreements. The loan covenant ratio of Adjusted net debt to Adjusted EBITDA should not exceed 3.5 times. The facilityfacilities also makesmake provision for the ability of the groupGroup to have a leverage ratio of greater than 3.5 times but less than 4.5 times, subject to certain conditions, for one measurement period not exceeding six months, during the tenor of the facility.facilities.

The groupGroup had no major issuance of equity during the year.

A full analysis of the borrowings as presented on the statement of financial position inis included in note 26. In addition, during April 2020 the $700m rated bonds entered into during April 2010 were fully repaid and cancelled. During the second half of 2020 the Company concluded a 10-year $700m bond offering, priced at 3.75% per annum. The bonds were issued on 1 October 2020 with semi-annual coupons payable in April and October each year and the bonds are repayable on 1 October 2030.24.

The $750m, $300m, $700m and the new $700m$750m rated bonds are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the group.AngloGold Ashanti Limited.

During June 2022, the Group entered into a new five-year unsecured multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility of $1.4bn with a group of banks. The loan consists of a US dollar-based facility with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above SOFR plus a credit adjustment spread and an Australian dollar-based facility capped at A$500m with interest charged at a margin of 1.45% above BBSY. The applicable margin is subject to a ratings grid. This facility replaces the $1.4bn multi-currency RCF which was cancelled during June 2022. This facility will mature on 9 June 2027, with the option, upon application, to be extended by two years.

During October 2022 the Group entered into a new three-year unsecured $65m Siguiri revolving credit facility. The facility bears interest at 8% above term SOFR, subject to a ratings grid and is US dollar based. This facility replaces the 2016 $65m Siguiri revolving credit facility that was cancelled and repaid during August 2022.

The interest margin on the five-yearfive-year unsecured multi-currency syndicated revolving credit facility of $1.4bn with a group of banks will reduce should the group’sGroup’s credit rating improve from its current BB+/Baa3 status and should increase if its credit rating worsens. The A$500m portion of this facility will be used to fund the working capital and development costs associated with the group'sGroup's mining operations within Australia without eroding the group'sGroup's headroom under its other facilities and exposing the groupGroup to foreign exchange gains/losses each quarter.losses.


Amounts are converted to US dollarsdollar at year end exchange rates.
F - 8985

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

3634    Capital Management (continued)

Gearing ratio (Adjusted Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA)
US Dollars
Figures in millions202020192018
Adjusted net debt from continuing operations
Borrowings - non-current portion (note 26)1,789 1,299 1,911 
Lease liabilities - non-current portion (note 16)116 126 
Borrowings - current portion (note 26)142 734 139 
Lease liabilities - current portion (note 16)37 45 0 
Total borrowings2,084 2,204 2,050 
Less: cash and cash equivalents (note 24)(1,330)(456)(329)
Net debt754 1,748 1,721 
Adjustments:
IFRS16 lease adjustments(106)(119)0 
Corporate office lease0 0 (9)
Unamortised portion of borrowing costs23 16 13 
Cash restricted for use (note 23)(73)(64)(66)
Adjusted net debt597 1,581 1,659 
The Adjusted EBITDA calculation included in this note is based on the formula included in the Revolving Credit Agreements for compliance with the debt covenant formula.
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations
Profit (loss) before taxation1,589 619 445 
Add back:
Finance costs and unwinding of obligations (note 7)177 172 168 
Interest income(27)(14)(8)
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets (note 4)570 583 558 
Other amortisation6 6 11 
Associates and joint ventures’ adjustments for amortisation, interest, taxation and other168 149 158 
EBITDA2,483 1,515 1,332 
Adjustments:
Foreign exchange and other (gains) losses0 12 9 
Dividend income(2)0 (2)
Retrenchment and related costs2 7 4 
Care and maintenance costs (note 6)0 47 39 
Impairment, derecognition of assets and (profit) loss on disposal1 6 7 
Profit on disposal of joint ventures(19)0 0 
Loss (gain) on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts5 (5)2 
Associates and joint ventures’ share of costs0 (2)(3)
Adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreements)2,470 1,580 1,388 
Gearing ratio (Adjusted net debt to Adjusted EBITDA)0.24:11.00:11.20:1
Maximum debt covenant ratio allowed per agreement3.5:13.5:13.5:1
US Dollars
Figures in millions202220212020
Restated
Adjusted net debt from continuing operations
Borrowings - non-current portion (note 24)1,965 1,858 1,789 
Lease liabilities - non-current portion (note 14)102 124 116 
Borrowings - current portion (note 24)18 51 142 
Lease liabilities - current portion (note 14)84 61 37 
Total borrowings2,169 2,094 2,084 
Less: cash and cash equivalents (1) (note 22)
(1,106)(1,154)(1,330)
Net debt1,063 940 754 
Adjustments:
IFRS16 lease adjustments(158)(149)(106)
Unamortised portion of borrowing costs33 32 22 
Cash restricted for use (note 21)(60)(58)(73)
Adjusted net debt878 765 597 
(1) Net of bank overdraft in 2022.
The Adjusted EBITDA calculation included in this note is based on the formula included in the agreements for compliance with the debt covenant formulas.
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations
Profit (loss) before taxation489 958 1,627 
Add back:
Finance costs and unwinding of obligations (note 6)149 116 177 
Interest income(81)(58)(27)
Amortisation of tangible, intangible and right of use assets (note 4)633 477 575 
Other amortisation(3)4 6 
Associates and joint ventures’ adjustments for amortisation, interest and taxation165 183 168 
EBITDA1,352 1,680 2,526 
Adjustments:
Foreign exchange and fair value adjustments128 43 — 
Dividend income— — (2)
Retrenchment and related costs6 20 2 
Care and maintenance costs (note 5)— 45 — 
Impairment, derecognition of assets and (profit) loss on disposal304 (11)1 
Profit on disposal of joint ventures— — (19)
Premium on settlement of bonds— 24 — 
Loss (gain) on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts6 — 5 
Associates and joint ventures’ share of costs1 — — 
Adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the agreements)1,797 1,801 2,513 
Gearing ratio (Adjusted net debt to Adjusted EBITDA)0.49:10.42:10.24:1
Maximum debt covenant ratio allowed per agreement3.5:13.5:13.5:1

F - 9086
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

37
35    SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Dividend declarationDividend declaration: - On 22 February 2021,2023, the directors of AngloGold Ashanti declared a gross cash dividend per ordinary share of 705322 South African cents (assuming an exchange rate of ZAR 14.7/17.53/$, the gross dividend payable per ADS is equivalent to 4818 US cents).


AngloGold Ashanti and Gold Fields Propose Joint Arrangement in Ghana - Gold Fields and AngloGold Ashanti (the Parties) have agreed the key terms of a proposed joint venture in Ghana between Gold Fields’ Tarkwa and AngloGold Ashanti’s neighbouring Iduapriem Mines (the Proposed Joint Venture).


The Tarkwa Mine is held by Gold Fields Ghana, in which Gold Fields currently owns a 90% share and the Government of Ghana (the GoG) holds 10%. The Iduapriem Mine is currently 100% owned by AngloGold Ashanti. Both mines are located near the town of Tarkwa in the country’s Western Region.

F - 91
TableThe Parties have agreed in principle on the key terms of Contentsthe Proposed Joint Venture and will engage with the GoG and other key stakeholders, including relevant regulators, with a view to implementing the Proposed Joint Venture as soon as practically possible. The Parties have agreed to mutual exclusivity during this engagement.


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)



38    SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATIONIt is intended that the Proposed Joint Venture will be an incorporated joint venture, constituted within Gold Fields Ghana and operated by Gold Fields.

AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc (“IOMco”)will contribute its 100% interest in the Iduapriem Mine to Gold Fields Ghana in return for a shareholding in that company. Excluding the interest to be held by the GoG, Gold Fields will have an interest of 66.7%, a 100 percent wholly-owned subsidiary ofor two-thirds, and AngloGold Ashanti Limited, has issued debt securities which are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AngloGold Ashanti Limited (being the “Guarantor”). IOMco iswill have an Isleinterest of Man registered company that holds certain of AngloGold Ashanti’s operations and assets located outside South Africa (excluding certain operations and assets33.3%, or one-third, in the United States of America). The following is condensed consolidating financial information for the Company as of 31 December 2020, 2019 and 2018 and for the years ended 31 December 2020, 2019 and 2018, with a separate column for each of AngloGold Ashanti Limited as Guarantor, IOMco as Issuer and the other subsidiaries of the Company combined (the “Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries”). For the purposes of the condensed consolidating financial information, the Company carries its investments under the equity method. The following supplemental condensed consolidating financial information should be read in conjunction with the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Figures in millions (US dollars)20202020202020202020
Condensed consolidating income statement
AngloGold Ashanti
(the “Guarantor”)
IOMco
(the “Issuer”)
Other subsidiaries
(the “Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries”)
Consolidation
adjustments		Total
Revenue from product sales0 0 4,427 0 4,427 
Cost of sales0 0 (2,699)0 (2,699)
Gain (loss) on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts0 0 (14)(5)(19)
Gross profit (loss)0 0 1,714 (5)1,709 
Corporate administration, marketing and other income (expenses)(38)(15)(8)(7)(68)
Exploration and evaluation costs0 0 (124)0 (124)
Impairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposal0 0 (1)0 (1)
Other income (expenses)(16)(4)(40)3 (57)
Operating profit (loss)(54)(19)1,541 (9)1,459 
Interest income3 7 17 0 27 
Dividend received9 0 (7)0 2 
Foreign exchange and other gains (losses)(3)1 2 0 0 
Finance costs and unwinding of obligations(11)(119)(63)16 (177)
Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit (loss)0 0 444 (166)278 
Equity gain (loss) in subsidiaries1,126 1,263 0 (2,389)0 
Profit (loss) before taxation1,070 1,133 1,934 (2,548)1,589 
Taxation(74)0 (551)0 (625)
Profit (loss) after taxation from continuing operations996 1,133 1,383 (2,548)964 
Discontinued operations
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations(43)0 5 45 7 
Profit (loss) for the period953 1,133 1,388 (2,503)971 
Allocated as follows:
Equity shareholders
- Continuing operations996 1,133 1,365 (2,548)946 
- Discontinued operations(43)0 5 45 7 
Non-controlling interests
 - Continuing operations0 0 18 0 18 
953 1,133 1,388 (2,503)971 
Comprehensive income (loss)1,077 1,251 1,427 (2,660)1,095 
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests0 0 (18)0 (18)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to AngloGold Ashanti1,077 1,251 1,409 (2,660)1,077 

F - 92
Table of ContentsProposed Joint Venture.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS There can be no certainty that the Parties will enter into a definitive agreement with respect to the Proposed Joint Venture or about the timing, terms and conditions of any such definitive agreement. Implementation of the Proposed Joint Venture is subject to, among other matters, reaching agreement with the GoG regarding the Proposed Joint Venture, conclusion of confirmatory due diligence and securing all requisite regulatory approvals(continued)

38    SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION (continued)
Figures in millions (US dollars)20192019201920192019
Condensed consolidating income statement
AngloGold Ashanti
(the “Guarantor”)
IOMco
(the “Issuer”)
Other subsidiaries
(the “Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries”)
Consolidation
adjustments		Total
Revenue from product sales0 0 3,525 0 3,525 
Cost of sales(1)0 (2,625)0 (2,626)
Gain (loss) on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts0 0 5 0 5 
Gross profit (loss)(1)0 905 0 904 
Corporate administration, marketing and other income (expenses)(41)(6)(17)(18)(82)
Exploration and evaluation costs0 0 (112)0 (112)
Impairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposal0 (3)(6)3 (6)
Other income (expenses)(10)3 135 (211)(83)
Operating profit (loss)(52)(6)905 (226)621 
Interest income3 6 5 0 14 
Foreign exchange and other gains (losses)0 (4)(8)0 (12)
Finance costs and unwinding of obligations(16)(106)(56)6 (172)
Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit (loss)0 0 154 14 168 
Equity gain (loss) in subsidiaries302 815 0 (1,117)0 
Profit (loss) before taxation237 705 1,000 (1,323)619 
Taxation32 0 (282)0 (250)
Profit (loss) after taxation from continuing operations269 705 718 (1,323)369 
Discontinued operations
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations(281)0 (95)0 (376)
Profit (loss) for the period(12)705 623 (1,323)(7)
Allocated as follows:
Equity shareholders
 - Continuing operations269 705 713 (1,323)364 
 - Discontinued operations(281)0 (95)0 (376)
Non-controlling interests
Continuing operations0 0 5 0 5 
(12)705 623 (1,323)(7)
Comprehensive income (loss)2 717 618 (1,330)7 
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests0 0 (5)0 (5)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to AngloGold Ashanti2 717 613 (1,330)2 

F - 93

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

38    SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION (continued)
Figures in millions (US dollars)20182018201820182018
Condensed consolidating income statement
AngloGold Ashanti
(the “Guarantor”)
IOMco
(the “Issuer”)
Other subsidiaries
(the “Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries”)
Consolidation
adjustments		Total
Revenue from product sales0 0 3,336 0 3,336 
Cost of sales(2)0 (2,582)0 (2,584)
Gain (loss) on non-hedge derivatives and other commodity contracts0 0 (2)0 (2)
Gross profit (loss)(2)0 752 0 750 
Corporate administration, marketing and other income (expenses)(12)(20)(13)(31)(76)
Exploration and evaluation costs0 0 (98)0 (98)
Impairment, derecognition of assets and profit (loss) on disposal0 1 (9)1 (7)
Other income (expenses)(10)10 (70)(9)(79)
Operating profit (loss)(24)(9)562 (39)490 
Interest income0 4 4 0 8 
Dividend received2 0 0 0 2 
Foreign exchange and other gains (losses)0 (6)(3)0 (9)
Finance costs and unwinding of obligations(16)(107)(45)0 (168)
Share of associates and joint ventures’ profit (loss)5 0 108 9 122 
Equity gain (loss) in subsidiaries142 490 0 (632)0 
Profit (loss) before taxation109 372 626 (662)445 
Taxation23 0 (235)0 (212)
Profit (loss) after taxation from continuing operations132 372 391 (662)233 
Discontinued operations
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations1 0 (84)0 (83)
Profit (loss) for the period133 372 307 (662)150 
Allocated as follows:
Equity shareholders
 - Continuing operations132 372 374 (662)216 
 - Discontinued operations1 0 (84)0 (83)
Non-controlling interests
 - Continuing operations0 0 17 0 17 
133 372 307 (662)150 
Comprehensive income (loss)(8)320 301 (604)9 
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests0 0 (17)0 (17)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to AngloGold Ashanti(8)320 284 (604)(8)

F - 94

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

38    SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION (continued)
Figures in millions (US dollars)20202020202020202020
Condensed consolidating statement of financial position
AngloGold Ashanti
(the “Guarantor”)
IOMco
(the “Issuer”)
Other subsidiaries
(the 
“Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries”)
Consolidation
adjustments		Total
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Tangible and right of use assets2 0 3,001 22 3,026 
Intangible assets1 0 132 (1)131 
Investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures3,859 5,019 1,609 (8,835)1,651 
Other investments1 3 185 (2)188 
Inventories0 0 69 0 69 
Trade and other receivables28 33 203 (29)235 
Deferred taxation0 0 7 0 7 
Cash restricted for use0 0 31 0 31 
3,891 5,055 5,237 (8,845)5,338 
Current assets
Inventories, trade and other receivables, intergroup balances and other current assets84 812 1,574 (1,508)962 
Cash restricted for use0 0 42 0 42 
Cash and cash equivalents176 572 582 0 1,330 
260 1,384 2,198 (1,508)2,334 
Assets held for sale0 0 0 0 0 
260 1,384 2,198 (1,508)2,334 
Total assets4,151 6,439 7,435 (10,353)7,672 
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Share capital and premium7,214 6,096 807 (6,903)7,214 
Retained earnings (accumulated losses) and other reserves(3,519)(1,694)2,369 (675)(3,519)
Shareholders’ equity3,695 4,402 3,176 (7,578)3,695 
Non-controlling interests0 0 45 0 45 
Total equity3,695 4,402 3,221 (7,578)3,740 
Non-current liabilities128 1,724 1,121 0 2,973 
Current liabilities including intergroup balances328 313 3,093 (2,775)959 
Liabilities held for sale0 0 0 0 0 
Total liabilities456 2,037 4,214 (2,775)3,932 
Total equity and liabilities4,151 6,439 7,435 (10,353)7,672 

F - 95

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

38    SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION (continued)
Figures in millions (US dollars)20192019201920192019
Condensed consolidating statement of financial position
AngloGold Ashanti
(the “Guarantor”)
IOMco
(the “Issuer”)
Other subsidiaries
(the 
“Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries”)
Consolidation
adjustments		Total
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Tangible assets and right of use assets4 0 2,740 6 2,750 
Intangible assets1 0 123 (1)123 
Investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures2,646 4,612 1,459 (7,136)1,581 
Other investments2 2 74 (2)76 
Inventories0 0 93 0 93 
Trade and other receivables0 29 122 (29)122 
Deferred taxation105 0 0 0 105 
Cash restricted for use0 0 31 0 31 
2,758 4,643 4,642 (7,162)4,881 
Current assets
Other investments0 10 0 0 10 
Inventories, trade and other receivables, intergroup balances and other current assets333 619 1,247 (1,317)882 
Cash restricted for use0 0 33 0 33 
Cash and cash equivalents12 102 342 0 456 
345 731 1,622 (1,317)1,381 
Assets held for sale253 0 348 0 601 
598 731 1,970 (1,317)1,982 
Total assets3,356 5,374 6,612 (8,479)6,863 
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Share capital and premium7,199 6,096 837 (6,933)7,199 
Retained earnings (accumulated losses) and other reserves(4,559)(2,715)1,668 1,047 (4,559)
Shareholders’ equity2,640 3,381 2,505 (5,886)2,640 
Non-controlling interests0 0 36 0 36 
Total equity2,640 3,381 2,541 (5,886)2,676 
Non-current liabilities225 1,031 1,222 0 2,478 
Current liabilities including intergroup balances401 962 2,667 (2,593)1,437 
Liabilities held for sale90 0 182 0 272 
Total liabilities716 1,993 4,071 (2,593)4,187 
Total equity and liabilities3,356 5,374 6,612 (8,479)6,863 

F - 96

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

38    SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION (continued)
Figures in millions (US dollars)20182018201820182018
Condensed consolidating statement of financial position
AngloGold Ashanti
(the “Guarantor”)
IOMco
(the “Issuer”)
Other subsidiaries
(the 
“Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries”)
Consolidation
adjustments		Total
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Tangible assets625 0 2,756 0 3,381 
Intangible assets1 0 123 (1)123 
Investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures2,383 4,255 1,398 (6,508)1,528 
Other investments2 3 138 (2)141 
Inventories1 0 105 0 106 
Trade and other receivables0 29 102 (29)102 
Cash restricted for use0 0 35 0 35 
3,012 4,287 4,657 (6,540)5,416 
Current assets
Other investments0 6 0 0 6 
Inventories, trade and other receivables, intergroup balances and other current assets390 416 1,166 (1,111)861 
Cash restricted for use0 0 31 0 31 
Cash and cash equivalents7 97 225 0 329 
397 519 1,422 (1,111)1,227 
Total assets3,409 4,806 6,079 (7,651)6,643 
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Share capital and premium7,171 6,096 821 (6,917)7,171 
Retained earnings (accumulated losses) and other reserves(4,519)(3,310)1,406 1,904 (4,519)
Shareholders’ equity2,652 2,786 2,227 (5,013)2,652 
Non-controlling interests0 0 42 0 42 
Total equity2,652 2,786 2,269 (5,013)2,694 
Non-current liabilities319 1,734 1,103 0 3,156 
Current liabilities including intergroup balances438 286 2,707 (2,638)793 
Total liabilities757 2,020 3,810 (2,638)3,949 
Total equity and liabilities3,409 4,806 6,079 (7,651)6,643 

.










F - 97

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

38    SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION (continued)
Figures in millions (US dollars)20202020202020202020
Condensed consolidating statement of cash flow
AngloGold Ashanti

(the “Guarantor”)
IOMco

(the “Issuer”)
Other subsidiaries
(the 
“Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries”)
Consolidation
adjustments		Total
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from (used by) operations(100)(18)1,948 (2)1,828 
Net movement in intergroup receivables and payables29 (218)191 (2)0 
Dividends received from joint ventures0 148 0 0 148 
Taxation paid0 0 (431)0 (431)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities from continuing operations(71)(88)1,708 (4)1,545 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities from discontinued operations74 0 35 0 109 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities3 (88)1,743 (4)1,654 
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditure0 0 (701)0 (701)
Interest capitalised and paid0 0 0 (17)(17)
Acquisition of intangible assets(1)0 0 0 (1)
Proceeds from disposal of tangible assets1 0 2 0 3 
Dividends from other investments9 0 0 0 9 
Other investments acquired0 0 (8)0 (8)
Proceeds from disposal of other investments0 9 0 0 9 
Proceeds from disposal of joint ventures0 26 0 0 26 
Net loans repaid by (advanced to) associates and joint ventures10 2 0 0 12 
Disposal (acquisition) of subsidiaries and recognition of joint operation(10)(8)10 10 2 
Proceeds from disposal of discontinued assets and subsidiaries205 0 0 (5)200 
Decrease (increase) in cash restricted for use1 0 (10)0 (9)
Interest received3 8 16 0 27 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities from continuing operations218 37 (691)(12)(448)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities from discontinued operations(24)0 (7)0 (31)
Cash in subsidiaries sold and transferred to held for sale0 0 3 0 3 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities194 37 (695)(12)(476)
Cash flows from financing activities
Increase in share capital0 0 10 (10)0 
Proceeds from borrowings133 2,050 43 0 2,226 
Repayment of borrowings(193)(2,050)(114)0 (2,357)
Finance costs paid(7)(98)(30)17 (118)
Other borrowing costs0 (33)0 0 (33)
Dividends paid(38)0 (9)0 (47)
Intergroup dividends received (paid)52 652 (704)0 0 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities from continuing operations(53)521 (804)7 (329)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities from discontinued operations0 0 0 0 0 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities(53)521 (804)7 (329)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents144 470 244 (9)849 
Translation20 0 (4)9 25 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year12 102 342 0 456 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year176 572 582 0 1,330 
F - 98

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

38    SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION (continued)

Figures in millions (US dollars)20192019201920192019
Condensed consolidating statement of cash flow
AngloGold Ashanti
(the “Guarantor”)
IOMco
(the “Issuer”)
Other subsidiaries
(the 
“Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries”)
Consolidation
adjustments		Total
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from (used by) operations(59)(8)1,165 4 1,102 
Net movement in intergroup receivables and payables35 (205)177 (7)0 
Dividends received from joint ventures0 77 0 0 77 
Taxation refund0 0 7 0 7 
Taxation paid0 0 (228)0 (228)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities from continuing operations(24)(136)1,121 (3)958 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities from discontinued operations58 0 31 0 89 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities34 (136)1,152 (3)1,047 
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditure0 0 (703)0 (703)
Interest capitalised and paid0 0 0 (6)(6)
Proceeds from disposal of tangible assets0 0 3 0 3 
Other investments acquired0 0 (9)0 (9)
Proceeds from disposal of other investments0 0 3 0 3 
Investments in associates and joint ventures0 0 (5)0 (5)
Net loans repaid by (advanced to) associates and joint ventures17 4 (1)0 20 
Increase in investment in subsidiary(16)— — 16 — 
Disposal (acquisition) of subsidiaries0 (8)8 0 0 
Interest received3 5 6 0 14 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities from continuing operations4 1 (698)10 (683)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities from discontinued operations(46)0 (8)0 (54)
Cash in subsidiaries sold and transferred to held for sale0 0 (6)0 (6)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities(42)1 (712)10 (743)
Cash flows from financing activities
Increase in share capital0 0 16 (16)0 
Proceeds from borrowings130 0 38 0 168 
Repayment of borrowings(124)0 (41)0 (165)
Finance costs paid(10)(102)(31)6 (137)
Dividends paid(28)0 (15)0 (43)
Intergroup dividends received (paid)44 242 (286)0 0 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities from continuing operations12 140 (319)(10)(177)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities from discontinued operations0 0 0 0 0 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities12 140 (319)(10)(177)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents4 5 121 (3)127 
Translation1 0 (4)3 0 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year7 97 225 0 329 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year12 102 342 0 456 

F - 99

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

38    SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION (continued)
Figures in millions (US dollars)20182018201820182018
Condensed consolidating statement of cash flow
AngloGold Ashanti
(the “Guarantor”)
IOMco
(the “Issuer”)
Other subsidiaries
(the 
“Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries”)
Consolidation
adjustments		Total
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from (used by) operations(93)(18)1,034 8 931 
Net movement in intergroup receivables and payables73 (215)130 12 0 
Dividends received from joint ventures0 91 0 0 91 
Taxation refund0 0 5 0 5 
Taxation paid0 0 (171)0 (171)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities from continuing operations
(20)(142)998 20 856 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities from discontinued operations
(27)0 28 0 1 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities(47)(142)1,026 20 857 
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditure0 0 (575)0 (575)
Proceeds from disposal of tangible assets0 0 4 6 10 
Dividends from other investments2 0 0 0 2 
Other investments acquired0 0 (13)0 (13)
Proceeds from disposal of other investments0 0 7 0 7 
Investments in associates and joint ventures0 0 (8)0 (8)
Net loans repaid by (advanced to) associates and joint ventures9 10 (2)0 17 
Disposal (acquisition) of subsidiaries0 (7)7 0 0 
Decrease (increase) in cash restricted for use0 1 (6)(1)(6)
Interest received0 1 4 0 5 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities from continuing operations
11 5 (582)5 (561)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities from discontinued operations
207 0 19 0 226 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities218 5 (563)5 (335)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings407 45 301 0 753 
Repayment of borrowings(570)(80)(317)0 (967)
Finance costs paid(12)(102)(16)0 (130)
Other borrowing costs0 (10)0 0 (10)
Dividends paid(24)0 (15)0 (39)
Intergroup dividends received (paid)25 360 (386)1 0 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities from continuing operations
(174)213 (433)1 (393)
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities from discontinued operations
0 0 0 0 0 
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities(174)213 (433)1 (393)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(3)76 30 26 129 
Translation(1)0 22 (26)(5)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year11 21 173 0 205 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year7 97 225 0 329 

F - 100




PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY
F - 10187
KIBALI (JERSEY) LIMITED
Consolidated Financial Statements for the Three Years Ended
31 December 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020
F - 10288


CONTENTS





PAGE
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
F - 10490
(BDO LLP: London, United Kingdom: PCAOB ID # 1295)
Consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the years ended 31 December 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020
F - 10591
Consolidated statements of financial position as at 31 December 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020
F - 10692
Consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years ended 31 December 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020
F - 10793
Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended 31 December 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020
F - 10894
Statement of directors responsibilitiesF - 109
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
F - 11095

F - 10389
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Shareholders and Board of Directors
Kibali (Jersey) Limited
Jersey, Channel Islands

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Kibali (Jersey) Limited (the Company) and subsidiaries“Company”) as of December 31, December2022, 2021 and 2020, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, December 2020,2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2022, 2021 and subsidiaries at 31 December 2020, 2019 and 2018, and the results of theirits operations and theirits cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, December 2020,2022, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB)(“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.


/s/ BDO LLP


BDO LLP

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2013.

London, United Kingdom
26 March 2021

17, 2023

F - 10490
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEARS ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
Note202020192018Note202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000
REVENUEREVENUEREVENUE
Gold salesGold sales41,440,328 1,122,940 1,041,035 Gold sales3/251,328,306 1,469,221 1,440,328 
Other incomeOther income52,204 170 56,838 Other income4539 1,208 2,204 
TOTAL INCOMETOTAL INCOME1,442,532 1,123,110 1,097,873 TOTAL INCOME1,328,845 1,470,429 1,442,532 
COSTS AND EXPENSESCOSTS AND EXPENSESCOSTS AND EXPENSES
Mining and processing costsMining and processing costs6670,138 688,796 772,259 Mining and processing costs5674,019 688,086 670,138 
RoyaltiesRoyalties67,547 52,792 45,249 Royalties62,472 68,704 67,547 
Exploration and corporate expenditureExploration and corporate expenditure76,274 13,686 6,154 Exploration and corporate expenditure66,795 5,848 6,274 
Other expensesOther expenses537,477 6,021 45,288 Other expenses452,778 33,246 37,477 
TOTAL COSTSTOTAL COSTS781,436 761,295 868,950 TOTAL COSTS796,064 795,884 781,436 
Finance incomeFinance income86,912 4,370 3,380 Finance income75,187 5,618 6,912 
Finance costsFinance costs8(6,460)(3,973)(4,465)Finance costs7(49,917)(5,913)(6,460)
Finance income/costs – net452 397 (1,085)
Share of profits of equity accounted joint ventureShare of profits of equity accounted joint venture25239 34 132 Share of profits of equity accounted joint venture24157 103 239 
PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAXPROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX661,788 362,246 227,970 PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX488,208 674,353 661,787 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense9(157,090)(61,934)(15,972)Income tax expense8(155,946)(180,715)(157,090)
PROFIT FOR THE YEARPROFIT FOR THE YEAR504,698 300,312 211,998 PROFIT FOR THE YEAR332,262 493,638 504,697 
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE EXPENSE
Gain/(Loss) on investment in marketable securities6 (5)(17)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(EXPENSE)OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(EXPENSE)
(Loss)/Gain on investment in marketable securities(Loss)/Gain on investment in marketable securities(2)(2)6 
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOMETOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME504,704 300,307 211,981 TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME332,260 493,636 504,703 
PROFIT FOR THE YEARPROFIT FOR THE YEARPROFIT FOR THE YEAR
Attributable to:Attributable to:Attributable to:
Owners of the parentOwners of the parent472,533 288,401 207,750 Owners of the parent306,330 461,271 472,533 
Non-controlling interestNon-controlling interest32,164 11,911 4,248 Non-controlling interest25,930 32,367 32,164 
504,697 300,312 211,998 332,260 493,638 504,697 
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOMETOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOMETOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Attributable to:Attributable to:Attributable to:
Owners of the parentOwners of the parent472,539 288,396 207,733 Owners of the parent306,330 461,269 472,539 
Non-controlling interestNon-controlling interest32,164 11,911 4,248 Non-controlling interest25,930 32,367 32,164 
504,703 300,307 211,981 332,260 493,636 504,703 

The accompanying notes form part of these consolidated financial statements

F - 10591

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020


31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
Note202020192018Note202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000
NON-CURRENT ASSETSNON-CURRENT ASSETSNON-CURRENT ASSETS
Property, plant and equipmentProperty, plant and equipment101,846,746 1,892,847 1,988,533 Property, plant and equipment91,844,984 1,811,291 1,846,746 
Mineral propertiesMineral properties11366,053 404,432 454,479 Mineral properties10308,141 334,881 366,053 
Long term ore stockpilesLong term ore stockpiles1436,875 52,685 28,510 Long term ore stockpiles1320,160 — 36,875 
Investment in equity accounted joint venture25550 343 387 
Other investments in joint venture2522,790 20,795 21,479 
Total investment in joint venture2523,340 21,138 21,866 
Investment in AssociateInvestment in Associate4 4 
Investment in joint ventureInvestment in joint venture2426,254 21,776 23,340 
Trade and other receivablesTrade and other receivables13185,768 140,987 137,852 Trade and other receivables12220,845 192,507 185,768 
Deferred tax asset12— 9,647 27,265 
TOTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETSTOTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETS2,458,782 2,521,736 2,658,505 TOTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETS2,420,388 2,360,459 2,458,782 
CURRENT ASSETSCURRENT ASSETSCURRENT ASSETS
Inventories and ore stockpilesInventories and ore stockpiles1490,487 95,003 93,036 Inventories and ore stockpiles1375,921 107,951 90,487 
Trade and other receivablesTrade and other receivables1329,699 89,047 112,982 Trade and other receivables12124,940 53,915 29,699 
Investment in marketable securitiesInvestment in marketable securities9 3 9 Investment in marketable securities8 7 9 
Current tax receivableCurrent tax receivable302 — — 
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents22944,233 452,692 123,931 Cash and cash equivalents2191,865 1,115,359 944,233 
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETSTOTAL CURRENT ASSETS1,064,428 636,745 329,958 TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS293,036 1,277,232 1,064,428 
TOTAL ASSETSTOTAL ASSETS3,523,210 3,158,481 2,988,463 TOTAL ASSETS2,713,424 3,637,691 3,523,210 
EQUITY AND LIABILITIESEQUITY AND LIABILITIESEQUITY AND LIABILITIES
EquityEquityEquity
Share capitalShare capital155 5 5 Share capital145 5 5 
Share premiumShare premium152,523,612 2,523,612 2,523,612 Share premium142,123,612 2,523,612 2,523,612 
Retained earnings655,005 462,972 324,571 
Other reserve(36)(42)(37)
(Accumulated deficit)/Retained earnings(Accumulated deficit)/Retained earnings(27,194)655,276 655,005 
Other deficitOther deficit(40)(38)(36)
Equity attributable to owners of the parentEquity attributable to owners of the parent3,178,586 2,986,547 2,848,151 Equity attributable to owners of the parent2,096,383 3,178,855 3,178,586 
Non-controlling interest Non-controlling interest1655,743 23,579 11,668 Non-controlling interest1585,040 68,110 55,743 
TOTAL EQUITYTOTAL EQUITY3,234,329 3,010,126 2,859,819 TOTAL EQUITY2,181,423 3,246,965 3,234,329 
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIESNON-CURRENT LIABILITIESNON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Loans and borrowings 1
17— 1,507 1,526 
Loans and borrowingsLoans and borrowings16— 1,839 — 
Lease liabilitiesLease liabilities1750,457 43,821 27,465 Lease liabilities1651,045 41,839 50,457 
Deferred tax liabilityDeferred tax liability1289,609 — — Deferred tax liability11296,507 196,654 89,609 
Provision for rehabilitationProvision for rehabilitation1828,364 25,516 23,640 Provision for rehabilitation1723,233 29,026 28,364 
TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIESTOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES168,430 70,844 52,631 TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES370,785 269,358 168,430 
CURRENT LIABILITIESCURRENT LIABILITIESCURRENT LIABILITIES
Loans and borrowingsLoans and borrowings1643,298 — — 
Lease liabilitiesLease liabilities1714,674 11,105 11,425 Lease liabilities1612,507 13,909 14,674 
Trade and other payablesTrade and other payables1966,881 45,460 59,770 Trade and other payables18104,815 97,109 66,881 
Provision for rehabilitationProvision for rehabilitation18803 1,024 — Provision for rehabilitation17596 600 803 
Current tax payableCurrent tax payable38,093 19,922 4,818 Current tax payable— 9,750 38,093 
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIESTOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES120,451 77,511 76,013 TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES161,216 121,368 120,451 
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIESTOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES3,523,210 3,158,481 2,988,463 TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES2,713,424 3,637,691 3,523,210 


The consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 2617 March 20212023 and signed on its behalf by:
Graham Shuttleworth
Director

The accompanying notes form part of these consolidated financial statements


F - 10692

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020

Total equity(AccumulatedTotal equity
attributableNon-Deficit)/attributableNon-
US$’000US$’000ShareRetainedOtherto owners ofcontrollingTotalUS$’000NoteShareRetainedOtherto owners ofcontrollingTotal
capitalpremiumearningsreservesthe parentinterestequitycapitalpremiumearningsreservesthe parentinterestequity
Balance at 1 January 201852,523,612293,821(20)2,817,4187,4202,824,838
Balance at 1 January 2020Balance at 1 January 202052,523,612462,972(42)2,986,54723,5793,010,126
Fair value movement on investment in marketable securitiesFair value movement on investment in marketable securities—(17)—(17)Fair value movement on investment in marketable securities—6—6
Total other comprehensive expenseTotal other comprehensive expense— — — (17)—(17)Total other comprehensive expense— — — 6—6
Net profit for the yearNet profit for the year—207,750—207,7504,248211,998Net profit for the year—472,533—472,53332,164504,697
Total comprehensive income/(expense)—207,750(17)207,7334,248211,981
Total comprehensive incomeTotal comprehensive income—472,5336472,53932,164504,703
Dividend paid (1)
Dividend paid (1)
—(177,000)—(177,000)—(177,000)
Dividend paid (1)
—(280,500)—(280,500)—(280,500)
Balance at 31 December 201852,523,612324,571(37)2,848,15111,6682,859,819
Balance at 31 December 2020Balance at 31 December 202052,523,612655,005(36)3,178,58655,7433,234,329
Balance at 1 January 201952,523,612324,571(37)2,848,15111,6682,859,819
Fair value movement on investment in marketable securities—(5)—(5)
Total other comprehensive expense—— —(5)—(5)
Net profit for the year—288,401—288,40111,911300,312
Total comprehensive income/(expense)—288,401(5)288,39611,911300,307
Dividend paid (1)
—(150,000)—(150,000)—(150,000)
Balance at 31 December 201952,523,612462,972(42)2,986,54723,5793,010,126
Balance at 1 January 202052,523,612462,972(42)2,986,54723,5793,010,126
Fair value movement on investment in marketable securitiesFair value movement on investment in marketable securities—6—6Fair value movement on investment in marketable securities—(2)—(2)
Total other comprehensive incomeTotal other comprehensive income—— —6

6
—

6
Total other comprehensive income—— —(2)—(2)
Net profit for the yearNet profit for the year—472,533—472,53332,164504,697Net profit for the year—461,271—461,27132,367493,638
Total comprehensive incomeTotal comprehensive income—472,5336472,53932,164504,703Total comprehensive income—461,271(2)461,26932,367493,636
Dividend paid (1)
Dividend paid (1)
—(280,500)—(280,500)—(280,500)
Dividend paid (1)
—(461,000)—(461,000)(20,000)(481,000)
Balance at 31 December 202052,523,612655,005(36)3,178,58655,7433,234,329
Balance at 31 December 2021Balance at 31 December 202152,523,612655,276(38)3,178,85568,1103,246,965
Fair value movement on investment in marketable securitiesFair value movement on investment in marketable securities—(2)—(2)
Total other comprehensive expenseTotal other comprehensive expense—— —(2)—(2)
Reclassification of share premiumReclassification of share premium14(400,000)400,000——
Net profit for the yearNet profit for the year—306,330—306,33025,930332,260
Total comprehensive incomeTotal comprehensive income—(400,000)706,330(2)306,32825,930332,258
Dividend paid (1)
Dividend paid (1)
—(1,388,800)—(1,388,800)(9,000)(1,397,800)
Balance at 31 December 2022Balance at 31 December 202252,123,612(27,194)(40)2,096,38385,0402,181,423


SHARE CAPITAL
The share capital comprises the issued ordinary shares of the Company at par.
SHARE PREMIUM
The share premium comprises the excess value recognised from the issue of ordinary shares at par.
(ACCUMULATED DEFICIT)/RETAINED EARNINGS
(Accumulated deficit)/Retained earnings comprises the Group’s cumulative accounting profits and losses since inception less
dividends.
OTHER RESERVES
Other reserves comprises the Group’s cumulative fair value movement on the investment in marketable securities since inception in Kilo Goldmines Limited less amounts reclassified to profit and loss.
NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST
The non-controlling interest represents the total carrying value of the 10% interest Société Minière de Kilo- Moto SA UNISARL (SOKIMO) has in Kibali Goldmines SA ("Kibali"), which is a subsidiary of Kibali (Jersey) Limited.



The accompanying notes form part of these consolidated financial statements


(1) This balance relates to dividends declared and fully paid up to Shareholders in the period.

The accompanying notes form part of these consolidated financial statements
F - 10793

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 20182020






31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018202220212020


US$’000US$’000US$’000

US$’000US$’000US$’000
Cash Flows From Operating ActivitiesCash Flows From Operating Activities


Cash Flows From Operating Activities

Cash generated by operationsCash generated by operations23956,870 615,431473,208Cash generated by operations22675,900 944,244 956,870
Interest receivedInterest received4,158 2,6831,814Interest received3,783 3,327 4,158
Finance cost paidFinance cost paid(299)(715)(515)Finance cost paid(1)(1)(299)
Dividends received from equity
accounted joint venture2565 156 —
Dividends received from equity accounted joint ventureDividends received from equity accounted joint venture— 495 65 
Income tax paidIncome tax paid(32,121)(6,193)—Income tax paid8(55,815)(84,575)(32,121)
Withholding tax paidWithholding tax paid(8,100)(18,000)— 
Net cash flows generated by operating activitiesNet cash flows generated by operating activities


928,673611,362474,507Net cash flows generated by operating activities

615,767845,490928,673



Cash Flows Related to Investing ActivitiesCash Flows Related to Investing ActivitiesCash Flows Related to Investing Activities
Additions of property, plant and equipmentAdditions of property, plant and equipment

     
(132,229)(120,202)(155,298)Additions of property, plant and equipment     (199,534)(168,762)(132,229)
Drawdowns, interest and capital repayments from equity accounted joint venture(468)1,9004,098
Drawdowns, interest and capital payments from equity accounted joint ventureDrawdowns, interest and capital payments from equity accounted joint venture(157)(37)(468)
Net cash flows used in investing activitiesNet cash flows used in investing activities(132,697)(118,302)(151,200)Net cash flows used in investing activities(199,691)(168,799)(132,697)



Cash Flows Relating to Financing ActivitiesCash Flows Relating to Financing ActivitiesCash Flows Relating to Financing Activities
Payment of dividendsPayment of dividends(280,500)(150,000)(177,000)Payment of dividends(1,396,900)(481,000)(280,500)
Principal paid on lease liabilities(20,753)(11,110)(9,579)
Cash repatriation fees paidCash repatriation fees paid7(44,351)
Increase in overdraftIncrease in overdraft20,341——
Lease repaymentsLease repayments(14,350)(20,530)(20,753)
Interest paid on lease liabilitiesInterest paid on lease liabilities(3,182)(3,153)(3,359)Interest paid on lease liabilities(4,310)(4,035)(3,182)
Net cash outflows through financing activities(304,435)(164,263)(189,938)
Net cash outflows used in financing activitiesNet cash outflows used in financing activities(1,439,570)(505,565)(304,435)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalentsNet increase in cash and cash equivalents491,541328,797133,369Net increase in cash and cash equivalents(1,023,494)171,126491,541
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the yearCash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year


452,692123,895(9,474)Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year


1,115,359944,233452,692
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the yearCash and cash equivalents at the end of the year


944,233452,692123,895Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year

91,8651,115,359944,233


Cash and cash equivalents include the following for the purpose of the consolidated statement of cash flow:

Cash and cash equivalents944,233 452,692 123,931 
Bank overdrafts19— — (36)
Cash and cash equivalents944,233 452,692 123,895 

Bank overdrafts are classified as cash and cash equivalents as they form an integral part of cash management and fluctuate from positive to overdrawn.



The accompanying notes form part of these consolidated financial statements






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1. STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES

The Directors are responsible for preparing these special purpose consolidated financial statements for Kibali (Jersey) Limited and its subsidiaries as at December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with lnternational Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the lnternational Accounting Standards Board. The Directors are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the group, and for identifying and ensuring that the group complies with the law and regulations applicable to their activities. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. The Directors confirm that suitable accounting policies have been used and applied consistently for the periods presented. They also confirm that reasonable and prudent judgments and estimates have been made in preparing these special purposes consolidated financial statements and that applicable accounting standards have been followed.


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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

2.1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below.These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

BASIS OF PREPARATION
The consolidated financial statements of Kibali (Jersey) Limited (the Company) and its subsidiaries and joint venture (the Group) have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and Interpretations (collectively (IFRS)) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified by the revaluation of investment in marketable securities classified as fair value through other comprehensive income. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates.estimates and judgements. It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The areas involving a high degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements are disclosed in note 3.2.

In assessing the Group’s going concern status, the Directors have taken into account the impactDisclosures in respect of the current pandemicyears ended December 31 2021 and 2020 are presented as have been previously reported, with the exception of certain disclosures in note 9 which have been revised to reflect the correct usage of the assets at the end of those years. During the year, the company identified fully depreciated assets which were decommissioned in 2021 and assets which were presented as Assets Under Construction and were actually in use. The disclosures in note 9 have been updated to reflect these errors. There is no impact on its on-going operations, as wellthe primary statements as the following factors and assumptions: the current cash position; the latest mine plans, the Group’s capital expendituredecommissioned assets were fully depreciated and the short-term gold price. After making appropriate enquiriesassociated depreciation with the Assets Under Construction has been deemed as immaterial. Please refer to note 9 for further details and considering the uncertainties described above, the directors are satisfied, at the time of approving the financial statements, that it is appropriate to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements. The directors have no reason to believe that the Group will not be a going concern for at least the next 12 months from the date of approval of these financial statements based on forecasts and available cash resources.

On March 11, 2020, the Covid-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The outbreak and efforts to contain it have had a significant effect on commodity prices and capital markets. We have adopted certain operating procedures to respond to Covid-19, and to date, our operations have not been significantly impacted by the pandemic.amounts revised.

NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS APPLIED
The IASB has issued the following new standards, amendments to published standards and interpretations to existing standards with effective dates on or prior to 1 January 20202022 which have been adopted by the Group for the first time this year.year, and had an immaterial or no impact.


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1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS APPLIED (CONTINUED)

Effective period
commencing on or after
Amendments to Existing Standards
IFRS 3, IAS 16 and IAS37Amendments to IFRS 33: Business Combinations: Definition of a BusinessCombinations, IAS 16: Property, Plant and Equipment and IAS 37: Provisions, Contingency Liabilities and Contingency Assets1 Jan 2020
IAS 1 and IAS 8Amendments to IAS 1 and IAS 8: Definition of Material1 Jan 202001-Jan-22
IFRS 1, IFRS 9, IFRS 16 and
IAS 37 and IFRS 741		AmendmentsAnnual Improvements to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7: Interest Rate Benchmark Reform(2018-2020 Cycle)1 Jan 2020
Amendments to References to the Conceptual Framework in IFRS Standards11 Jan 202001-Jan-22

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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS APPLIED (CONTINUED)

Certain new standards, amendments and interpretations to existing standards have been published and are relevant to the Group’s activities and are mandatory for the Group’s accounting periods beginning 1 January 2020,2023, or later periods and which the Group has decided not to early adopt. These include the following, and are not expected to have any material impact:

Effective
period
commencing
on or after
IFRS 17Insurance contracts including amendments to IFRS 1701-Jan-23
IAS 1Amendments to IAS 1: Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current01-Jan-23
IFRS 3, IAS 16 and IAS378Amendments to IFRS 3: Business Combinations, IAS 16: Property, Plant and Equipment and 8 - Definition of Accounting Estimates01-Jan-23
IAS 37: Provisions, Contingency Liabilities and Contingency Assets1Amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2 - Disclosure of Accounting policies01-Jan-23
01-Jan-22IAS 12Amendments to IAS 12 - Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction01-Jan-23
IFRS 1, IFRS 9, IFRS 16 and IAS 4117Annual Improvements to IFRS (2018-2020 Cycle)01-Jan-22
IFRS 16Amendment to IFRS 16 Leases Covid 19-Related Rent Concessions17 - Initial Application of IFRS 17 and IFRS 9 - Comparative Information01-Jun-2001-Jan-23


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1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial informationstatements includes the financial statements of the Company, its subsidiaries and the Company’s equity accounted joint ventures using uniform accounting policies for similar transactions and other events in similar circumstances.


SUBSIDIARIES
Subsidiaries are entities over which the Group has power, exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement and the ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount of the Group's returns; generally accompanying an interest of more than one-half of the voting rights.

Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases. The purchase method of accounting is used to account for the acquisition of subsidiaries by the Group. The cost of an acquisition is measured at the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of exchange. Acquisition costs are expensed. Identifiable assets acquired (including mineral property interests or other identifiable intangible assets) and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any non-controlling interest. The excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognised directly in the statement of comprehensive income.

Intercompany transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between group companies are eliminated. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group.

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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS
The Group initially recognisedrecognises any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at the non-controlling interest's proportionate share of the acquiree's net assets. The group has not elected to take the option to use fair value in acquisitions completed to date.

The total comprehensive income of non-wholly owned subsidiaries is attributed to owners of the parent and to the non-controlling interests in proportion to their relative ownership interests.

JOINT VENTURES
The Group holds interests in one joint venture. In a joint venture the parties that have joint control of the arrangement (the joint venturer) have a right to the net assets of the arrangement. This right is accounted for in the consolidated financial statements using the equity method. Joint control is considered to exist when there is contractual joint control; control being the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from the activities and the ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amounts of the Group’s returns by the joint venturers.

Acquisitions
Except for initial recognition under IFRS 11 transition rules, further investments in additional joint ventures are initially recognised at cost. The cost of an acquisition is measured at the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued or liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of exchange, plus costs directly attributable to the acquisition. Goodwill on associated companies and joint ventures represents the excess of the cost of acquisition of the associate or joint venture over the Group’s share of the fair value of the identifiable net assets of the associate or joint venture and is included in the carrying amount of the investment.
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1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

JOINT VENTURES (CONTINUED)

Joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. In applying the equity method of accounting, the Group’s share of its joint ventures’ post-acquisition profits or losses are recognised in profit or loss and its share of post-acquisition other comprehensive income is recognised in other comprehensive income. These post-acquisition movements and distributions received from the joint venture companies are adjusted against the carrying amount of the investments. When the Group’s share of losses in a joint venture Company equals or exceeds its interest in the joint venture Company, including any other unsecured non-current receivables, the Group does not recognise further losses, unless it has obligations to make or has made payments on behalf of the joint venture Company.

Unrealised gains on transactions between the Group and its joint venture companies are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest in the joint venture companies. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Trading receivables and payables with joint ventures are classified within trade and other receivables and payables. The accounting policies of joint venture companies have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the accounting policies adopted by the Group.

Dividends received are classified as operating cash flows in the consolidated cash flow statement.

The carrying value of the investment in joint venture is compared to the recoverable amounts whenever circumstances indicate that the net book value may not be recoverable. An impairment is recognised in the profit or loss to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the recoverable amount.
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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

JOINT VENTURES (CONTINUED)

Impairment provisions for loans to joint ventures classified as ‘other investments’ in joint venture are recognised based on a forward looking expected credit loss model. The methodology used to determine the amount of the provision is based on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition of the financial asset. For those where the credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition of the financial asset, twelve month expected credit losses along with gross interest income are recognised. For those for which credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime expected credit losses along with the gross interest income are recognised. For those that are determined to be credit impaired, lifetime expected credit losses along with interest income on a net basis are recognised.

SEGMENTAL REPORTING

An operating segment is a group of assets and operations engaged in performing mining or advanced exploration that are subject to risks and returns that are different from those of other segments. Other parts of the business are aggregated and treated as part of a ‘corporate and exploration’ segment. The Group provides segmental information using the same categories of information which the Group’s chief operating decision-maker utilises. The Group’s chief operating decision maker is considered by management to be the board of directors.

The Group has only one operating segment, being that of gold mining. Segment analysis is based on the mining operations and exploration projects that have a significant amount of capitalised expenditure or other fixed assets.

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION

Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the functional currency). The consolidated financial statements are presented in US dollars, which is also the functional currency of the Company and its significant subsidiaries and joint ventures.

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1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION

Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the relevant functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income in other income and other expenses.

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Mineral properties
Mineral properties acquired are recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Mineral properties are recognised at fair value if acquired as part of a business combination, whereasotherwise they are recognised at cost if acquired as an asset. Mineral properties are tested annually for impairment on the same basis that property, plant and equipment are when there is an indication of impairment. Mineral properties are amortised on units of production basis from the point at which the mine commences production (refer to ‘depreciation and amortisation’ policy below).
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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Long-lived assets and mine development costs
Long-lived assets including development costs and mine plant facilities (such as metallurgical plant, tailings and raw water dams, power plant and mine infrastructure) are initially recorded at cost. Development of ore bodies includes the development cost of shaft systems and waste rock removal that allows access to reserves that are economically recoverable in the future. Cost associated with underground development are capitalised when the works provide access to the ore body, whereas costs associated with ore extraction from operating ore body sections are treated as operating costs. Where relevant the estimated cost of dismantling the asset and remediating the site is included in the cost of property, plant and equipment, subsequently they are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment.

Development costs consist primarily of direct expenditure incurred to establish or expand productive capacity.

Costs are capitalised during the construction of a new mine until commercial levels of production are achieved (refer to ‛commercial production’ below), after which the relevant costs are amortised. Costs are capitalised provided that the project is considered to be commercially, technically and economically viable. Such viability is deemed to be achieved when the Group is confident that the project will provide a satisfactory return relative to its perceived risks and is sufficiently certain of economic production. Costs which are necessarily incurred while commissioning new assets, in the period before they are capable of operating in the manner intended by management, are capitalised under ‘Long-lived assets and mine development costs’.

Development costs incurred after the commencement of production are capitalised to the extent they are expected to give rise to a future economic benefit.

Commercial production
When a mine construction project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use the asset moves into the production stage, the capitalisation of certain mine construction costs ceases and subsequent costs are either regarded as inventory or expensed, except for capitalisable costs related to subsequent mining asset additions or improvements, underground mine development or ore reserve development.

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1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)

The commissioning of an underground mine typically occurs in phases, with sections brought into production whilst deeper levels remain under construction. The shared infrastructures, such as declines of shafts, are assessed to determine whether they contribute to the production areas. Where they contribute to production, the attributable costs are transferred to production assets and start to be
depreciated. The costs transferred comprise costs directly attributable to producing zones or, where applicable, estimates of the portion of shared infrastructure that are attributed to the producing zones.

Development expenditure approval
Development activities commence after project sanctioning by the appropriate level of management. Judgement is applied by management in determining when a project has reached a stage at which economically recoverable reserves exists such that development may be sanctioned. In exercising this judgement, management is required to make certain estimates and assumptions similar to those described below for capitalised exploration and evaluation expenditure. Any such estimates and assumptions may change as new information becomes available.

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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)
Stripping costs
In surface mining operations, the Group may find it necessary to remove waste materials to gain access to mineral ore deposits prior to and after production commences. This waste removal activity is known as ‘stripping’. Prior to production commencing from a pit, stripping costs are measured internally and capitalised until the point where the overburden has been removed and access to the ore commences. Subsequent to production, waste stripping continues, either as part of ore extraction as a run of mine activity or due to strategic decisions such as pit push-back campaigns. There are two benefits accruing to the Group from stripping activity during the production phase: usable ore that can be used to produce inventory and improved access to further quantities of material that will be mined in future periods. Economic ore extracted during this period and subsequently is accounted for as inventory. The production stripping costs relating to improved access to further quantities in future periods are capitalised as a stripping activity asset, if and only if, all of the following are met:
•It is probable that the future economic benefit (improved access to the ore body) associated with the stripping activity will flow to the Group;
•The Group can identify the component of the ore body for which access has been improved; and
•The costs relating to the stripping activity associated with that component or components can be measured reliably.

In determining the relevant component of the ore body for which access is improved, the Group componentises its mine into geographically distinct ore body sections or phases to which the stripping activities being undertaken within that component are allocated. Such phases are determined based on assessment of factors such as geology and mine planning.

Once determined that any portion of the production stripping costs should be capitalised, the Group typically uses the average stripping ratio of the component or phase of the mine to which the production stripping cost related to determine the amount of the production stripping costs that should be capitalised, unless the direct costs of stripping activity can be separately identified in which case such costs are capitalised. The Group depreciates the deferred costs capitalised as stripping assets on a unit of production method, with reference to the ex-pit ore production from the relevant ore body component or phase.

Short-lived assets
Short-lived assets including non-mining assets are shown at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment.

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1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)

Depreciation and amortisation
Long-lived assets include mining properties, such as metallurgical plant, tailings and raw water dams, power plant and mine infrastructure, as well as mine development costs and are depreciated on a unit of production basis. In FY2020 and FY2019, anbasis by using ounces produced method was used to calculate depreciation. In FY2018, the tonnes milled unit of production approach was used to calculate depreciation. The change in method used from tonnes milled to ounces produced, represented a change in estimate during FY2019. The directors believe the ounces produced method gives the best indication of plant and infrastructure usage.

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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)
Depreciation and amortisation are charged over the life of the mine (or over the remaining useful life of the asset, if shorter) based on estimated contained ounces in proven and probable reserves and the portion of resources considered probable of economic extraction based on the current LOM (Life of Mine) plan that benefit from the development and are considered probable of economic extraction. No future capital expenditure is included in the depreciable value. Proven and probable ore reserves and the portion of resources reflect estimated quantities of economically recoverable reserves and resources, which can be recovered in the future from known mineral deposits. Life of mine contained reserves and resources are used in the contained ounces units of production depreciation calculation. Any changes to the expected life of the mine (or asset) are applied prospectively in calculating depreciation and amortisation charges. Depreciation of construction and development costs commences when commercial production is achieved, as detailed above. Underground development costs that are attributable to the commissioned sections of an underground mine are depreciated from the date the development provides access to operational areas and ore extraction begins from those areas. Other assets under construction, such as plant improvement projects, are depreciated from the date they are commissioned, based on assessment by the Group’s engineers.

Short-lived assets which include motor vehicles, office equipment and computer equipment are depreciated over estimated useful lives of between two to five years but limited to the remaining mine life. Residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each statement of financial position date.

Changes to the estimated residual values or useful lives are accounted for prospectively. Depreciation starts when the assets are ready and available for use.

Impairment
The carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment and investments in joint ventures of the group is compared to the recoverable amount of the assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the net book value may not be recoverable. The recoverable amount is the higher of value in use and the fair value less cost to sell. In assessing the value in use, the expected future cash flows from the assets is determined by applying a discount rate to the anticipated risk adjusted future cash flows. The discount rate used is the group’s weighted average cost of capital adjusted for asset specific factors when applicable. An impairment is recognised in the income statement to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the assets’ recoverable amount. Generally proven and probable reserves are used in the calculations, although limited ore resources may be included when they are considered economically viable and sufficiently likely to be extracted and form part of the approved mine plan. The models use the approved mine plans and exclude capital expenditure which enhance the assets or extractable ore tonnes outside of such approved mine plans. The revised asset carrying amounts are depreciated in line with group accounting policies.

A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed if the recoverable amount increases as a result of a reversal of the conditions that originally resulted in the impairment. This reversal is recognised in the income statement and is limited to the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised in prior years.

Assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units) for purposes of assessing impairment. The estimates of future discounted cash flows are subject to risks and uncertainties including the future gold price. It is therefore reasonably possible that changes could occur which may affect the recoverability of property, plant and equipment.


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1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

INVENTORIES

Inventories include ore stockpiles, gold in process and doré, and supplies and spares and are stated at the lower of cost or net realisable value. The cost of ore stockpiles and gold produced is determined principally by the weighted average cost method using related production costs.

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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

INVENTORIES (CONTINUED)
Costs of stockpiles include costs incurred up to the point of stockpiling, such as mining and grade control costs, but exclude future costs of production. Ore extracted is allocated to separate stockpiles based on estimated grade, with grades below defined cut-off levels treated as waste and expensed. While held in physically separate stockpiles, the Group blends the ore from each stockpile when feeding the processing plant to achieve the resultant gold content. In such circumstances, lower and higher grade ore stockpiles each represent a raw material, used in conjunction with each other, to deliver overall gold production, as supported by the relevant feed plan. Kibali’s high and medium grade ore stockpile is above 2.75g/3g/t with a marginal ore cut-off grade of 1.11g/0.5g/t.

The processing of ore in stockpiles occurs in accordance with the Life of Mine (LOM) processing plan that has been optimised based on the known mineral reserves, current plant capacity and mine design. Ore tonnes contained in the stockpile which are to be milled as per the mine plan over the period beyond the next twelve months, are classified as non-current in the statement of financial position.

Net realisable value of ore stockpiles is determined with reference to estimated contained gold and market gold prices applicable. Ore stockpiles which are blended together or with future ore mined when fed to the plant are assessed as an input to the gold production process to ensure the combined stockpiles are carried at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Ore stockpiles which are not planned to be blended in production are assessed separately to ensure they are carried at the lower of cost and net realisable value, although no such stockpiles are currently held.

In FY2018, costs were absorbed into ore stockpiles on a tonnes basis, however in FY2019 and FY2020 a contained ounces approach was adopted, which is considered more reflective of the intrinsic value of the ore stockpiles held. Costs of gold inventories include all costs incurred up until production of an ounce of gold such as milling costs, mining costs, directly attributable mine general and administration costs as well as attributable depreciation and amortisation but exclude transport costs, refining costs and royalties. Net realisable value is determined with reference to estimated contained gold and market gold prices.

Stores and materials consist of consumable stores and are valued at weighted average cost after appropriate impairment of redundant and slow moving items.

INTEREST / INTEREST/BORROWING COSTS

Interest is recognised on a time proportion basis, taking into account the principal outstanding and the effective rate over the period to maturity. Borrowing cost is expensed as incurred except to the extent that it relates directly to the construction of property, plant and equipment during the time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use, when it is capitalised as part of property, plant and equipment. Borrowing costs are capitalised as part of the cost of the asset where it is probable that the asset will result in economic benefit and where the borrowing cost can be measured reliably. No interest or borrowing costs have been capitalised during any of the past three years.disclosure periods .

ROYALTIES

Royalty arrangements based on mineral production are in place at each operating mine. The primary type of royalty is a net smelter return royalty. Under this type of royalty, the Group pays the holder an amount calculated as the royalty percentage multiplied by the value of gold production at market gold prices less selling costs. A royalty expense is recorded when revenue from the sale of gold is recognised.




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1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Financial instruments are measured as set out below. Financial instruments carried on the statement of financial position include cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, trade and other payables, investments in marketable securities, loans to joint ventures, loans to minorities and lease liabilities. Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Group’s statement of financial position when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (CONTINUED)
Financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value when the group becomes a party to their contractual arrangements. Transaction costs directly attributable to the instrument’s acquisition or issue are included in the initial measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities, except financial instruments classified as at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL). The subsequent measurement of financial instruments is dealt with below.

Financial assets
On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at:
•Amortised cost;
•Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI) - equity instruments; or
•FVTPL.

At initial recognition, the group measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at FVTPL, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at FVTPL, are expensed.

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it is held within the business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows and its contractual terms give rise, on specified dates, to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the effective interest rate method. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition is recognised directly in profit or loss and presented in other gains or losses, together with foreign exchange gains or losses. Impairment losses are presented as separate line item in the statement of profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at FVTPL is recognised in profit or loss and presented net within other gains or losses in the period in which it arises. On derecognition of a financial asset, the difference between the proceeds received or receivable and the carrying amount of the asset is included in profit or loss.

Financial assets at amortised cost consist of trade receivables and other receivables (excluding taxes), cash and cash equivalents. Impairment losses are assessed using the forward-looking expected credit loss (ECL) approach. An allowance is recorded for all loans and other debt financial assets not held at FVTPL. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. Trade receivable loss allowances are measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL’s. Loss allowances are deducted from the gross carrying amount of the assets.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are carried in the statement of financial position at cost. For the purpose of the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short term highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase and bank overdrafts. In the statement of financial position, bank overdrafts are included in borrowings in current liabilities.

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FINANCIAL LIABILITIES

Loans and borrowing
Borrowings are recognised initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently stated at amortised cost; any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognised in the statement of comprehensive income over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the statement of financial position date.


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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (CONTINUED)short term financial arrangements with banks in relation to the cash repatriation mechanism which were repaid during the year. Costs related to these arrangements are included in Finance Costs in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income and financing activities in the cash flow statement.

Trade and other payables
Accounts payable and other short term monetary liabilities, are initially recognised at fair value, which equates to the transaction price, and subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

REHABILITATION COSTS

The net present value of estimated future rehabilitation costs is provided for in the financial statements and capitalized within property, plant and equipment on initial recognition. Rehabilitation will generally occur on closure or after closure of a mine. Initial recognition is at the time of the construction or disturbance occurring and thereafter as and when additional construction or disturbances take place. The estimates are reviewed annually to take into account the effects of inflation and changes in estimated risk adjusted rehabilitation works cost and are discounted using rates that reflect the time value of money.

Annual increases in the provision due to the unwinding of the discount are recognized in the statement of comprehensive income as a finance cost. The present value of additional disturbances and changes in the estimate of the rehabilitation liability are recorded to mining assets against an increase/decrease in the rehabilitation provision. The rehabilitation asset is amortised as noted previously. Rehabilitation projects undertaken, included in the estimates, are charged to the provision as incurred.

Environmental liabilities, other than rehabilitation costs, which relate to liabilities arising from specific events, are expensed when they are known, probable and may be reasonably estimated.

PROVISIONS

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events where it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made.

CURRENT TAX

Current tax is the tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year calculated using rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date (and when such laws are applicable to the group allowing for the impact of tax stability protections afforded to the group). It includes adjustments for tax expected to be payable or recoverable in respect of previous periods.

The Group is subject to income tax in several jurisdictions and significant judgement is required in determining the provision for income taxes. During the ordinary course of business, there are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. As a result, the Group recognises tax liabilities based on estimates of whether additional taxes and interest will be due.

These tax liabilities are recognised when, despite the company's belief that its tax return positions are supportable, the company believes it is more likely than not that a taxation authority would not accept its filing position. In these cases, the Group records its tax balances based on either the most likely amount or the expected value, which weights multiple potential scenarios. The company believes that its accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open audit years based on its assessment of many factors including past experience and interpretations of tax law.

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2.1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

No material uncertain tax positions exist as at 31 December 2020, nor as at 31 December 2019 or 2018. This assessment relies on estimates and assumptions and may involve a series of complex judgments about future events.

To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different than the amounts recorded, such differences will impact income tax expense in the period in which such determination is made.

DEFERRED TAXATION

Deferred tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However, if the temporary difference arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss, it is not recognised. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the statement of financial position date (and when such laws are applicable to the group allowing for the impact of tax stability protections afforded to the group) and are expected to apply when the temporary differences reverses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised. Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures, except where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is controlled by the Group and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

VALUE ADDED TAX (TVA)

TVA receivables are recognised initially at cost. Subsequently, TVA receivables are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment.

The Group assesses at each reporting period whether there is an indication that these receivables may be impaired taking into account the risk of non-collectability and timing of receipt.

SHARE CAPITAL

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction from the proceeds.

CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

The Group discloses contingent liabilities when possible obligations exist as a result of past events, unless the possible outflows of economic benefits are considered remote. By their nature, contingencies will often only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of such contingencies inherently involves the exercise of significant judgement and estimates of the outcome of future events. In certain circumstances, to provide transparency, the Group voluntarily elects to disclose information regarding claims for which any outflow of economic benefit is considered remote.

LEASES

The Group adopted IFRS 16 using the modified retrospective approach, with recognition of transitional adjustments on the date of initial application (1 January 2019), without restatement of comparative figures.

The lease liabilities were measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted with the rate determined by reference to the estimated incremental borrowing average rate of 6.81% p.a. Variable lease payments are only included in the measurement of the lease liability if they depend on an index or rate. In such cases, the initial measurement of the lease liability assumes the variable element will remain unchanged throughout the lease term. Other variable lease payments are expensed in the period to which they relate.

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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

LEASES (CONTINUED)
Subsequent to initial measurement lease liabilities increase as a result of interest charged at a constant rate on the balance outstanding and are reduced for lease payments made. Right-of-use assets are amortised on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of the lease or over the remaining economic life of the asset if, rarely, this is judged to be shorter than the lease term.

On adoption of IFRS 16, the Group recognised right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as follows:

Classification under
IAS 17
Right-of-use assets

Lease liabilities

Operating leases
the carrying value that would
have resulted from IFRS 16 being
applied from the commencement
date of the leases, subject to the
practical expedients noted above.
Measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments discounted using the Group’s incremental
borrowing rate as at 1 January 2019
Finance LeasesMeasured based on the carrying values for the lease assets and liabilities immediately before the date of initial application (i.e. carrying values brought forward, unadjusted).
CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

The following table presentsGroup discloses contingent liabilities when possible obligations exist as a result of past events, unless the impactpossible outflows of adopting IFRS 16 oneconomic benefits are considered remote. By their nature, contingencies will often only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of such contingencies inherently involves the statementexercise of financial position as at 1 January 2019:

31 December 2018 As originally Presented $’000IFRS 16 adjustment $’0001 January 2019 $’000
Assets
Right-of-use assets (PP&E at 31.12.18)4,817 15,949 20,766 
Liabilities
Lease liabilities (finance lease liability at 31.12.18)38,890 15,949 54,839 

Refer to note 20 for reconciliationssignificant judgement and estimates of the Rightoutcome of Use Assets and Lease Liabilitiesfuture events. In certain circumstances, to provide transparency, the Group voluntarily elects to disclose information regarding claims for which any outflow of economic benefit is considered remote.
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1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

REVENUE RECOGNITION

The company’sCompany’s primary product is gold, other metals produced as part of the extraction process are considered to be by-products arising from the production of gold. The companyCompany enters into a contract for the sale of gold at each of its mining operations. The performance obligation under its contract is to supply such gold to the customer, subject to minimum quality specifications with the consideration for such gold sales determined by the market spot price for each ounce of gold at the point of sale and gold content. As the sales from the gold contract is subject to customer survey adjustment, sales are initially recorded based on the results of tests on the material prior to shipment to determine the gold content and specification with such estimates subsequently adjusted to reflect the final gold content determined by the customer shortly after period end. Revenue is recorded to the extent that it is highly probable that there will be no subsequent reversal of such revenue due to gold content or quality specifications. Historical adjustments of this nature have been insignificant.

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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

REVENUE RECOGNITION (CONTINUED)

The performance obligations are considered to be satisfied and control of the gold transferred as the gold leaves the gold room upon collection by the customer, with title, possession and significant risks and rewards transferred at this point with revenue recorded accordingly. Subsequent adjustments are recorded in revenue to take into account final assay and weight certificates from the refinery, if different from the initial certificates. The differences between the estimated and actual contained gold have historically not been significant. Payment terms from the customer are based on 95% as initial payment for sales as agreed on the day of shipment based on the results of tests on the material prior to shipment with the final payment of 5% based on final customer assay and includes an adjustment to the initial 95% provisional payment. The period between provisional invoicing and final pricing, or settlement period, is typically around 5 days.

EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION COSTS

The Group capitalizes all exploration and evaluation expenditures where management concludes that the realization of future economic benefit is more likely than not. While the criteria for concluding that expenditure should be capitalised is always probable, the information that management use to make that determination depends on the level of exploration.

Exploration and evaluation expenditure on brownfield sites, being those adjacent to mineral deposits which are already being mined or developed, is expensed as incurred until the directors are able to demonstrate that future economic benefits are probable through the completion of a prefeasibility study, after which the expenditure is capitalised as a mine development cost. A ‘prefeasibility study’ consists of a comprehensive study of the viability of a mineral project that has advanced to a stage where the mining method, in the case of underground mining, or the pit configuration, in the case of an open pit, has been established, and which, if an effective method of mineral processing has been determined, includes a financial analysis based on reasonable assumptions of technical, engineering, operating economic factors and the evaluation of other relevant factors. The prefeasibility study, when combined with existing knowledge of the mineral property that is adjacent to mineral deposits that are already being mined or developed, allow the directors to conclude that it is more likely than not that the Group will obtain future economic benefit from the expenditures.

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1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION COSTS (CONTINUED)

Exploration and evaluation expenditure on greenfield sites, being those where the Group does not have any mineral deposits which are already being mined or developed, is expensed until such time as the directors have sufficient information to determine that future economic benefits are probable, after which the expenditure is capitalised as a mine development cost. The information required by directors is typically a final feasibility study however a prefeasibility study may be deemed to be sufficient where the additional work required to prepare a final feasibility study is not significant or the work done at prefeasibility level clearly demonstrates an economic asset. Exploration and evaluation expenditure relating to extensions of mineral deposits which are already being mined or developed, including expenditure on the definition of mineralisation of such mineral deposits, is capitalised as a mine development cost following the completion of an economic evaluation equivalent to a prefeasibility study. This economic evaluation is distinguished from a prefeasibility study in that some of the information that would normally be determined in a prefeasibility study is instead obtained from the existing mine or development. This information when combined with existing knowledge of the mineral property already being mined or developed allow the directors to conclude that more likely than not the Company will obtain future economic benefit from the expenditures. Costs relating to property acquisitions are capitalised within development costs.

DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTION

Dividend distribution to the Company’s shareholders is recognised as a liability in the Group’s financial statements in the period in which the dividends are approved by the board of directors and declared to shareholders.

During the year, Kibali Goldmines S.A., a subsidiary of Kibali (Jersey) Limited established a mechanism for the repatriation of cash from the DRC. This resulted in bank arrangement fees of $44.3 million which have been presented as Cash repatriation fees within Finance Costs. Please refer to note 7 for more details.

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3.2. KEY ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS

Some of the accounting policies require the application of significant judgement by management in selecting the appropriate assumptions for calculating financial estimates or determining the appropriate accounting treatment for a transaction.

By their nature, these judgements are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty and are based on historical experience, terms of existing contracts, management’s view on trends in the gold mining industry and information from outside sources.

The estimatesjudgements and assumptionsestimates that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities are discussed below:

Judgements:
•Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) 2018 Mining Code
•Value Added Tax (TVA)
•Exploration and evaluation expenditure
•Customs claim

Estimates:
•Carrying values of property, plant and equipment
•Open cast mine stripping
•Determination of Ore reserves
•Capitalisation and depreciation
•Gold price assumptions
•Future rehabilitation obligations
•Stockpiles, gold in process and product inventories

JUDGEMENTS:

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (DRC) 2018 MINING CODE

In the DRC, the 2018 Mining Code and related amended Mining Regulations came into effect during the first half of 2018 and removed fiscal stability protections under the 2002 Mining Code and introduced a series of potentially significant adverse changes to tax legislation. Kibali has taken legal advice and has been exploring all options to protect its vested rights under the 2002 Mining Code, as well as the specific state guarantees it previously received regarding fiscal stability. Without prejudice to its rights under the stability protections Kibali is currently paying the additional taxes, of $13.6 million (2021: $11.4 million) (2020: $8.6 million),as per the 2018 mining code, while it engages with government. Continued engagement with government has resulted in the submission of an application for a number of exemption and waivers in terms of Article 220 of the 2018 law as part of the group’s efforts to reach a mutually acceptable way forward. Article 220 affords benefits to mining companies in landlocked infrastructural challenged provinces, such as where Kibali is located.

VALUE ADDED TAX (TVA)

Included in trade and other receivables (refer to note 13)12) is a recoverable TVA balance (including recoverable TVA on fuel duty and after discounting provisions) of US$153.7191.2 million (2019 :US$147.8(2021: US$163.2 million) (2018(2020: US$180.5153.7 million) owing by the fiscal authorities in the DRC. The Group continues to seek recovery of TVA in the DRC, in line with the Mining Code. The carrying value of the receivable has been assessed considering factors such as the level of receipts and tax offsets in the period and to date, the impact of the settlement agreement reached in Q4 2018 (see below),prior years, relationships and communications with government officials and the tax authority and the limited quantum of disputed submissions.Judgement exists in assessing recovery of these receivables as whilst the TVA balance is considered collectible, uncertainty exists regarding the timing of receipts and offsets.

Kibali reached an agreement with the Ministry of Finance in late 2018 on the reimbursement of the refundable TVA balance. The agreement allowed for US$40.0 million to be refunded initially, while the remaining balance would be settled on an offset basis against other taxes with potential for further cash receipts. As part of the settlement in 2018, the Group agreed to write off US$20.6 million of the outstanding TVA receivable which was recorded as an expense (note 5) and the DRC Government agreed to redenominate historical TVA from Congolese Francs (CDF) into US dollars based on the historical exchange rates applicable at the date of original submissions of the overdue TVA. This latter revision gave rise to a US$56.7 million foreign exchange gain recorded in the income statement (note 5). During 2019, whilst limited cash refunds were received, Kibali continued to offset the TVA balance against other taxes, as per the 2018 agreement. In early 2020, Kibali reached another redenomination agreement for the period from September 2018 to February 2020 that gave rise to a foreign exchange gain of $4.3 million recorded in the income statement (note 5). Also, in the current year, following receipt of limited tax offsets, the DRC Government indicated that offsets and cash repayments would be suspended as a result of liquidity constraints due to the global COVID-19 pandemic.

 Kibali has not received any cash repayments or offsets since 2019.
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3.2. KEY ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS (CONTINUED)

JUDGEMENTS (CONTINUED):

VALUE ADDED TAX (TVA) (CONTINUED)

Given the continued delays in recovery, the outstanding receivable was discounted by US$50.162.2 million (2019:(2021: US$37.357.3 million) (2018:(2020: US$37.350.1 million) which required estimates as to the timing of future receipts and the level and timing of future offsets with reference to relevant taxes forecast under the mine plan, historical levels and other factors. The increase in the year was based on a probability weighted scenario analysis that takes into account numerous recoverability profiles, following the DRC Government’s decision in July 2020 to suspend offsets and cash repayments. A discount rate of 7.3%10.34% (2021: 7.88%) (2020:7.33%) was applied to both the expected cash receipts and the amounts forecasted to be recovered through offsetting across all scenarios in the assessment. Within the scenarios, Management have assumed varying periods of delay in offsets, up to a period of 3-years, and have included staggered recovery profiles which reflects management’s best reflects actual recoveries achieved over recent years.estimates. A 1% increase/decrease in the discount rate will increase/decrease the provision by US$5.3 million/US$5.4 million (2021: US$6.1 million/US$6.3 million) (2020: US$4.1 million/US$7.1 million.million). Applying additional weighting based on management assessment of likelihood to the staggered recovery profiles would increase the provision by US$6.4 million (2021: US$7.8 million) (2020: US$1.4 million.million).

EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION EXPENDITURE

The Group has to apply judgement in determining whether exploration and evaluation expenditure should be capitalised or expensed. Management exercises this judgement based on the results of economic evaluations, prefeasibility or feasibility studies. Costs are capitalised where those studies conclude that more likely than not the Group will obtain future economic benefit from the expenditures.

ESTIMATES:

CARRYING VALUES OF PROPERTY, PLANT, EQUIPMENTAND EQUIPMENTMINERAL PROPERTIES

The Group assesses at each reporting period whether there is any indication that these assets may be impaired (refer to note 109 and 11)10). If such indication exists, the Group estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. The recoverable amount is assessed by reference to the higher of ‘value in use’ (being the net present value of expected future cash flows of the relevant cash generating unit) and ‘fair value less cost to sell’. The estimates used for impairment reviews are based on detailed mine and operating plans.
The Future cash flows are based on estimates of:
•The quantities of the proven and probable reserves and certain limited ore resources being those for which there is a high degree of confidence in economic extraction;
•Future production levels;
•Future commodity prices; including oil forecast at US$65bbl (2019:70bbl (2021: US$70bbl) (2018:(2020: US$70bbl)65bbl);
•Future cash cost of production and capital expenditure associated with extraction of the reserves and certain limited ore resources in the approved mine plan;
•Future gold prices – a gold price curve was used for the impairment calculations starting at a US$1 700/oz gold price (2019:(2021: US$1 350oz) (2018:700/oz) (2020: US$1 250/700/oz). A gold price of US$1 700/oz was used for the 20212023 year with the price assumption remaining level for years thereafter(2024: $1 650) (2025: $1 600) (thereafter at US$1 400/oz550/oz)
•A real discount rate equivalent to 10.3% pre-tax (2019:6.6% (2021: real 8.7%8.6%) (2018: nominal 8.6%, with an inflation rate of 2.5% applied(2020: real 10.3%).

A reduction in forward gold prices in excess of 29% orNo reasonably possible changes to these assumptions will lead to an increase in the discount rate to 27.1% is required to give rise to impairment at the mine. However, having considered such scenarios, the directors remain satisfied that no impairment is appropriate. The model is considered suitably conservative with proven and probable reserves based on a range of US$1 000 to US$1 300/oz gold price, pit dependant with majority (85%) at $1 200 (2019: US$1 200/oz) (2018: US$1 000/oz).


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2. KEY ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS (CONTINUED)

ESTIMATES (CONTINUED):

OPEN CAST MINE STRIPPINGEXPLORATION AND EVALUATION EXPENDITURE

The Group capitalises costs,has to apply judgement in determining whether exploration and evaluation expenditure should be capitalised or expensed. Management exercises this judgement based on the results of economic evaluations, prefeasibility or feasibility studies. Costs are capitalised where those studies conclude that more likely than not the Group will obtain future economic benefit from the expenditures.

ESTIMATES:

CARRYING VALUES OF PROPERTY, PLANT, EQUIPMENTAND MINERAL PROPERTIES

The Group assesses at each reporting period whether there is any indication that these assets may be impaired (refer to note 9 and 10). If such indication exists, the Group estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. The recoverable amount is assessed by reference to the higher of ‘value in use’ (being the net present value of expected future cash flows of the relevant cash generating unit) and ‘fair value less cost to sell’. The estimates used for impairment reviews are based on detailed mine and operating plans. The Future cash flows are based on estimates of:
•The quantities of the proven and probable reserves and certain limited ore resources being those for which there is a high degree of confidence in economic extraction;
•Future production levels;
•Future commodity prices; including oil forecast at US$70bbl (2021: US$70bbl) (2020: US$65bbl);
•Future cash cost of production and capital expenditure associated with stripping activity, to expose the orebody, within mining assets. Judgement is required in determining the relevant section or phaseextraction of the orebodyreserves and certain limited ore resources in the approved mine plan;
•Future gold prices – a gold price curve was used for the impairment calculations starting at a US$1 700/oz gold price (2021: US$1 700/oz) (2020: US$1 700/oz). A gold price of US$1 700/oz was used for the 2023 year (2024: $1 650) (2025: $1 600) (thereafter at US$1 550/oz)
•A real discount rate equivalent to which stripping activity relates, based on assessment of factors such as mine planning, geology of the open cast pits and strategic board decisions such as the pushback campaigns which requires judgement over the eligible costs. The Group capitalised US$12.2 million (2019 US$9.1 million) (2018: US$9.2 million)6.6% (2021: real 8.6%) (2020: real 10.3%).

No reasonably possible changes to stripping assets with a net book value of US$19.1 million (2019: US$8.6 million) (2018: US$5.5 million). The capitalised stripping costs relatethese assumptions will lead to three open cast satellite pits KCD, Sessenge and Gorumbwa. The Group subsequently depreciates relevant stripping assets as that section of the orebody is mined which requires judgement as to the relevant section of the orebody for depreciation.an impairment


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3.2. KEY ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS (CONTINUED)

CAPITALISATION AND DEPRECIATION
There are several methods that could be adopted for calculating depreciation, i.e. the straight line method, the production method using ounces produced or tonnes milled. The directors believe the ounces produced method is the best indication of plant and infrastructure usage. The change in method used from tonnes milled to ounces produced in 2019 resulted in changes to estimates during that financial year. Refer to note 2 for the depreciation policy. Estimates are required regarding the allocation of assets to relevant proven and probable reserves and certain limited resources in the units of production calculations, with assessments involving the Group’s mining, capital and geology departments. Proven and probable reserves and certain limited resources are used in each depreciation calculation, which is considered to be a suitably conservative measure of the future ore extractable using existing assets. Expenditure incurred to date in underground infrastructure development considered to have been commissioned, is depreciated over the remaining proven and probable reserves and certain limited resources of the underground mine, as the infrastructure provides access to the future mining areas.ESTIMATES (CONTINUED):

The Group applies judgement in allocating costs between operating and capital items in respect of underground mining and in determining the date depreciation commences. Costs are capitalised when the activity provides access to future ore bodies and are expensed as operating costs when the works involve extraction of ore from operational sections of the ore body. The nature of activity is assessed based on information provided by contractors, together with inspections by the Group’s mining teams. Direct labour, materials and other costs are specifically allocated based on the activity performed. Indirect costs that are attributable to underground works are allocated between capital and operating expenses based on factors such as development versus operating metres.

Judgement is required in determining the point at which assets under construction at Kibali began commercial production and should be depreciated. Depreciation start dates are determined considering the factors detailed in Note 2 and during 2015 Kibali underground mine assets attributable to production started to be depreciated. The commissioning of the underground happens in phases and as the sections are brought into production the attributable costs are transferred and depreciated. Judgement was applied in identifying the costs considered attributable to this production. Additionally, given ongoing mine construction and development, judgement was required in allocating costs between operating costs, ore stockpiles and ongoing capital works. Costs have been allocated based on the underlying activity and economic benefits.

GOLD PRICE ASSUMPTIONS

The following gold prices were used in the mineral reserves optimisation calculation:
202020192018
US$/oz 1,2002 1,200 1,000

Changes in the gold price used could result in changes in the mineral reserve optimisation calculations. Mine modelling is a complex process and hence it is not feasible to perform sensitivities on gold price assumptions in respect of ore reserves.

DETERMINATION OF ORE RESERVES

The Group estimated its Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources based on information compiled by qualified persons according to the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM) 2014 Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves dated May 10, 2014 (CIM (2014) Standards) as incorporated with NI 43-101 for the 2019 financial year. Previously the Group based its estimates of ore reserves and mineral resources in accordance with the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves of December 2012 (the 2012 JORC code). The change in basis of estimation, driven by requirements of the Toronto Stock Exchange following the Randgold Barrick merger, did not result in a material impact to reserves and resources.


2 A gold price range of US$1 000 to US$1 300/oz was used, pit dependant, with the majority (85%) at $1 200/oz


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3. KEY ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS (CONTINUED)

DETERMINATION OF ORE RESERVES (CONTINUED)
Reserves determined in this way are used in the calculation of depreciation, amortisation and impairment charges, as well as the assessment of the carrying value of mining assets and timing of mine closure obligations. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating ore reserves and assumptions that are valid at the time of estimation may change significantly when new information becomes available. Changes in the forecast prices of commodities, exchange rates, production costs or recovery rates may change the economic status of reserves and may, ultimately, result in the reserves being restated.

FUTURE REHABILITATION OBLIGATIONS
The net present value of current rehabilitation estimates have been discounted to their present value using a real risk free rate of 0% (2019: 0.5%) (2018: 0.5%) per annum, with cash flows adjusted for a market risk rate of 10% being the prevailing risk free interest rates at the time. The majority of expenditure is expected to be incurred at the end of the mine life. The Group undertakes regular assessments by external experts of its mine closure plans, together with assessments by internal staff in the intervening periods, to determine the required rehabilitation works, cost of works and timing of such works. Judgment is required in determining the appropriate costs, timing of costs, discount rates and inflation (when nominal discount rate used).
For further information, including the carrying amounts of the liabilities, refer to Note 18. A 0.25% change in the discount rate on the Group’s rehabilitation estimates would result in an impact of US$1 million (2019: US$1.0 million at 0.25% real) (2018: US$3.1 million at 1% nominal) on the provision for environmental rehabilitation, and an impact of US$0.2 million (2019: US$0.2 million) (2018: US$0.2 million) on the statement of comprehensive income.

STOCKPILES, GOLD IN PROCESS AND PRODUCT INVENTORIES

Costs that are incurred in or benefit the productive process are accumulated as stockpiles, gold in process and product inventories. Net realisable value tests are performed at least annually and represent the estimated future sales price of the product based on contained gold and metals prices, less estimated costs to complete production and bring the product to sale. Judgment is required in assessing whether stockpiles of different grades should be tested individually, or tested as inputs to the gold production process, as detailed in the Group’s accounting policy. In the current year, the stockpiles were tested reflecting the planned blended feed of such stockpiles to the mill on the basis that they are blended together and with future ore mined.

Stockpile quantities are measured by estimating the number of tonnes added and removed from the stockpile, the number of contained gold ounces based on assay data, and the estimated recovery percentage based on the expected processing method. Stockpile tonnages are verified by periodic surveys. The forecast gold prices and cost escalators were those used in the impairment test detailed above.

EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION EXPENDITURE

The Group has to apply judgement in determining whether exploration and evaluation expenditure should be capitalised or expensed. Management exercises this judgement based on the results of economic evaluations, prefeasibility or feasibility studies. Costs are capitalised where those studies conclude that more likely than not the Group will obtain future economic benefit from the expenditures.

ESTIMATES:

CARRYING VALUES OF PROPERTY, PLANT, EQUIPMENTAND MINERAL PROPERTIES

The Group assesses at each reporting period whether there is any indication that these assets may be impaired (refer to note 9 and 10). If such indication exists, the Group estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. The recoverable amount is assessed by reference to the higher of ‘value in use’ (being the net present value of expected future cash flows of the relevant cash generating unit) and ‘fair value less cost to sell’. The estimates used for impairment reviews are based on detailed mine and operating plans. The Future cash flows are based on estimates of:
•The quantities of the proven and probable reserves and certain limited ore resources being those for which there is a high degree of confidence in economic extraction;
•Future production levels;
•Future commodity prices; including oil forecast at US$70bbl (2021: US$70bbl) (2020: US$65bbl);
•Future cash cost of production and capital expenditure associated with extraction of the reserves and certain limited ore resources in the approved mine plan;
•Future gold prices – a gold price curve was used for the impairment calculations starting at a US$1 700/oz gold price (2021: US$1 700/oz) (2020: US$1 700/oz). A gold price of US$1 700/oz was used for the 2023 year (2024: $1 650) (2025: $1 600) (thereafter at US$1 550/oz)
•A real discount rate equivalent to 6.6% (2021: real 8.6%) (2020: real 10.3%).

No reasonably possible changes to these assumptions will lead to an impairment


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3.2. KEY ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS (CONTINUED)

RECOVERY OF DEFERRED TAX ASSETSESTIMATES (CONTINUED):

Management have recognised a deferred tax liability of US$89.6 million (2019: US$9.6 million deferred tax asset) (2018: US$27.3 million deferred tax asset). OPEN CAST MINE STRIPPING

The Group hadcapitalises costs, associated with stripping activity, to apply judgementexpose the orebody, within mining assets. Judgement is required in determining the recoverable amount of deferred tax assets recognized in prior year. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that their utilisation is probable, being based upon whether it is more likely than not that sufficient and suitable taxable profits will be available in the future, against which the reversal of temporary differences can be deducted. The recoverabilityrelevant section or phase of the asset has been assessed consideringorebody to which stripping activity relates, based on assessment of factors such as mine planning, geology of the open cast pits and strategic board decisions such as the pushback campaigns which requires judgement over the eligible costs. The Group capitalised US$33.6 million (2021 US$36.5 million) (2020: US$12.2 million) to stripping assets with a net book value of US$53 million (2021: US$11.4 million) (2020: US$19.1 million). The capitalised stripping costs relate to four open cast satellite pits Aerodrome, KCD, Sessenge and Gorumbwa. The Group subsequently depreciates relevant stripping assets as that section of the orebody is mined which requires judgement as to the relevant section of the orebody for depreciation.

DETERMINATION OF ORE RESERVES

The Group estimated its Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources based on information compiled by qualified persons according to the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM) 2014 Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves dated May 10, 2014 (CIM (2014) Standards) as incorporated with NI 43-101 since the 2019 financial year. Previously the Group based its estimates of ore reserves and mineral resources in accordance with the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves of December 2012 (the 2012 JORC code).

Reserves determined in this way are used in the calculation of depreciation, amortisation and impairment charges, as well as the assessment of the carrying value of mining assets and timing of mine closure obligations. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating ore reserves and assumptions that are valid at the time of estimation may change significantly when new information becomes available. Changes in the forecast prices of commodities, exchange rates, production costs or recovery rates may change the economic status of reserves and may, ultimately, result in the reserves being restated.

CAPITALISATION AND DEPRECIATION

There are several methods that could be adopted for calculating depreciation, i.e. the straight line method, the production method using ounces produced or tonnes milled. The directors believe the ounces produced method is the best indication of plant and infrastructure usage. Estimates are required regarding the allocation of assets to relevant proven and probable reserves and certain limited resources in the units of production calculations, with assessments involving the Group’s mining, capital and geology departments. Proven and probable reserves and certain limited resources are used in each depreciation calculation, which is considered to be a suitably conservative measure of the future ore extractable using existing assets. Expenditure incurred to date in underground infrastructure development considered to have been commissioned, is depreciated over the remaining proven and probable reserves and certain limited resources of the underground mine, as the infrastructure provides access to the future mining areas.

The Group applies judgement in allocating costs between operating and capital items in respect of underground mining and in determining the date depreciation commences. Costs are capitalised when the activity provides access to future ore bodies and are expensed as operating costs when the works involve extraction of ore from operational sections of the ore body. The nature of activity is assessed based on information provided by contractors, together with inspections by the Group’s mining teams. Direct labour, materials and other costs are specifically allocated based on the activity performed. Indirect costs that are attributable to underground works are allocated between capital and operating expenses based on factors such as development versus operating metres.





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2. KEY ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS (CONTINUED)


ESTIMATES (CONTINUED):

CAPITALISATION AND DEPRECIATION (CONTINUED)

Judgement is required in determining the point at which assets under construction at Kibali begin commercial production and should be depreciated. Depreciation start dates are determined considering the factors detailed in Note 1 and during 2015 Kibali underground mine assets attributable to production started to be depreciated. The commissioning of the underground happens in phases and as the sections are brought into production the attributable costs are transferred and depreciated. Judgement is applied in identifying the costs considered attributable to this production. Additionally, given ongoing mine construction and development, judgement was required in allocating costs between operating costs, ore stockpiles and ongoing capital works. Costs have been allocated based on the underlying assumptionsactivity and economic benefits.

GOLD PRICE ASSUMPTIONS

The following gold prices were used in the lifemineral reserves optimisation calculation:
202220212020
US$/oz1 30021 20031 2004

FUTURE REHABILITATION OBLIGATIONS

The net present value of mine plan,current rehabilitation estimates have been discounted to their present value using a real risk free rate of 1.73% (2021: 0%) (2020: 0%) per annum, with cash flows adjusted for a market risk rate of 10% (2021: 10% ) (2020: 10% ) being the operating performanceprevailing risk free interest rates at the time. The majority of expenditure is expected to be incurred at the end of the mine life. The Group undertakes regular assessments by external experts of its mine closure plans, together with assessments by internal staff in the intervening periods, to determine the required rehabilitation works, cost of works and any restrictions undertiming of such works. Judgment is required in determining the applicable DRC tax code having due considerationappropriate costs, timing of costs, discount rates and inflation (when nominal discount rate used).

For further information, including the carrying amounts of the liabilities, refer to Note 17.A 0.25% change in the discount rate on the Group’s rehabilitation estimates would result in an impact of US$0.8 million (2021: US$1.0 million at 0.25% real) (2020: US$1.0 million at 0.25% real) on the provision for environmental rehabilitation, and an impact of US$0.1 million (2021: US$0.2 million) (2020: US$0.2 million) on the statement of comprehensive income.

STOCKPILES, GOLD IN PROCESS AND PRODUCT INVENTORIES

Costs that are incurred in or benefit the productive process are accumulated as stockpiles, gold in process and product inventories. Net realisable value tests are performed at least annually and represent the estimated future sales price of the product based on contained gold and metals prices, less estimated costs to complete production and bring the product to sale. Judgment is required in assessing whether stockpiles of different grades should be tested individually, or tested as inputs to the tax stability protections,gold production process, as detailed in the "DRC 2018 Mining Code"Group’s accounting policy. In the current year, the stockpiles were tested reflecting the planned blended feed of such stockpiles to the mill on the basis that they are blended together and with future ore mined.

Stockpile quantities are measured by estimating the number of tonnes added and removed from the stockpile, the number of contained gold ounces based on assay data, and the estimated recovery percentage based on the expected processing method. Stockpile tonnages are verified by periodic surveys. The forecast gold prices and cost escalators were those used in the impairment test detailed above. Although Kibali has a deferred tax liability in financial year 2020 accumulated losses carried forward, can still be utilised.


2 A gold price range of US$1 300 to US$1 600/oz was used, pit dependant, with the majority (75%) at $1 300/oz
3 A gold price range of US$1 200 to US$1 500/oz was used, pit dependant, with the majority (75%) at $1 200/oz
4 A gold price range of US$1 000 to US$1 300/oz was used, pit dependant, with the majority (85%) at $1 200/oz
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4.3. REVENUE

The companyCompany has disaggregated revenue into various categories in the following table, which is intended to depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic date.


   31 Dec
       2020
 US$’000
   31 Dec
      2019
US$’000
   31 Dec
       2018
 US$’000
Primary geographic market
Democratic Republic of Congo1,440,328 1,122,940 1,041,035 
1,440,328 1,122,940 1,041,035 
Product type
Gold doré1,437,297 1,120,743 1,041,035 
Silver 3
3,031 2,197 — 
1,440,328 1,122,940 1,041,035 
Timing of transfer of goods
Point in time1,440,328 1,122,940 1,041,035 
1,440,328 1,122,940 1,041,035 

3 In 2018 the silver sales was insignificant and therefore not shown under revenue but rather as a credit to cost of sales. Whilst silver sales remain immaterial, these have been recorded as revenue for completeness.
   31 Dec
       2022
 US$’000
   31 Dec
      2021
US$’000
   31 Dec
       2020
 US$’000
Primary geographic market
Democratic Republic of Congo1,328,306 1,469,221 1,440,328 
1,328,306 1,469,221 1,440,328 
Product type
Gold doré1,325,380 1,465,793 1,437,297 
Silver2,926 3,428 3,031 
1,328,306 1,469,221 1,440,328 
Timing of transfer of goods
Point in time1,328,306 1,469,221 1,440,328 
1,328,306 1,469,221 1,440,328 



5.4. OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSES



31 Dec
2020
31 Dec
2019
31 Dec
2018

US$’000US$’000US$’000
Other Income:

Other income

169 170 174 
Net foreign exchange gains

2,035 — 56,664 

2,204 170 56,838 



Refer to TVA in note 3 for details of the foreign exchange gains in 2020 and 2018 included above that relate to the settlement agreement reached with the DRC Government in Q4 2018.


31 Dec
2022
31 Dec
2021
31 Dec
2020

US$’000US$’000US$’000
Other Income:

Other income

— 147 169 
Net foreign exchange gains

82 741 2,035 
Dividend Received457 320 — 

539 1,208 2,204 

The total other income is not considered to be part of the main revenue generating activities and as such the Group presents this income separately from revenue.











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5.4. OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSES (CONTINUED)




31 Dec
2020
31 Dec
2019
31 Dec
2018
Note
31 Dec
2022
31 Dec
2021
31 Dec
2020

US$’000US$’000US$’000

US$’000US$’000US$’000
Other Expenses:Other Expenses:

Other Expenses:

Management FeeManagement Fee

4,667 4,563 4,478 Management Fee257,036 6,216 4,667 
COVID-19 specific costsCOVID-19 specific costs18,608 — — COVID-19 specific costs1,030 35 18,608 
Net foreign exchange loss

— 1,458 2,917 
Other expensesOther expenses38,762 18,644 — 
Provision for impairment against TVA receivable and related expensesProvision for impairment against TVA receivable and related expenses

14,202 — 37,893 Provision for impairment against TVA receivable and related expenses

5,950 8,351 14,202 

37,477 6,021 45,288 

52,778 33,246 37,477 

For the financial year 2020, the provision for impairment against TVA movement of US$14.2m is made up of a US$1.4m write off, of third party VAT, and an increase of US$12.8m in the discounting provision of TVA. The US$18.61 million (2021: $0.035 million) (2020: $18.6 million) relates to COVID-19 specific costs, notably laboratory testing facilities on the mine, personal protective equipment for staff and local area, donations, and a local medical clinic and testing center.

ForIncluded in other expenses for 2022 are $8.8 million for fees paid under protest, $11.7 million relating to provision for other fiscal expenses, $7.1 million relating to various community contributions and projects, $1.1 million relating to the financial year 2018,funding provided to support the discounting provision movement relatesGaramba National Park as well as cost for the rhino introduction project and $8.3 million relating to US$37.9m, which is made up of US$20.6m write off, of TVA (as part of the TVA settlement agreement)other taxes and an increase of US$17.3m increase in the discounting provision.penalties paid.

Also refer to note 3Included in other expenses for details regarding the net foreign exchange gains incurred.2021, are $4.4 million community contribution fees, $3.9 million bank fees on dividends, $3.6 million community resettlement program, $2.8 million environmental tax, $1.1 million social expenditure and $2.0 million legal related


5.MINING AND PROCESSING COSTS
31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Mining and processing costs comprise:
Mine production costs316,880 264,556 249,395 
Movement in production inventory and ore stockpiles(11,871)(15,340)2,924 
Depreciation and amortisation207,813 243,958 241,311 
Other mining and processing costs161,197 194,912 176,508 
674,019 688,086 670,138 


6.MINING AND PROCESSING COSTS
31 Dec
2020
31 Dec
2019
31 Dec
2018
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Mining and processing costs comprise:
Mine production costs249,395 263,608 264,122 
Movement in production inventory and ore stockpiles2,924 (32,953)(12,154)
Depreciation and amortisation241,311 282,180 329,519 
Other mining and processing costs176,508 175,961 190,772 
670,138 688,796 772,259 


7. EXPLORATION AND CORPORATE EXPENDITURE
31 Dec
2013
31 Dec
2012
31 Dec
2011
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Exploration and corporate expenditure comprises:
Exploration expenditure4,295 7,123 3,213 
Corporate expenditure1,979 6,563 2,941 

6,274 13,686 6,154 

















31 Dec
2013
31 Dec
2012
31 Dec
2011
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Exploration and corporate expenditure comprise:
Exploration expenditure3,452 4,214 4,295 
Corporate expenditure3,343 1,634 1,979 

6,795 5,848 6,274 


















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8.7. FINANCE INCOME AND COSTS



31 Dec
2012
31 Dec
2012
31 Dec
2011

31 Dec
2012
31 Dec
2012
31 Dec
2011


202020192018

202220212020


US$’000US$’000US$’000

US$’000US$’000US$’000
Finance income comprise:
Finance income comprise:
Finance income comprise:
Interest received – loans and receivablesInterest received – loans and receivables3,513 3,277 2,664 
Bank interestBank interest2,664 1,389 20 Bank interest1,674 2,341 4,248 
Interest received – loans and receivables4,248 2,981 3,360 
Total finance incomeTotal finance income6,912 4,370 3,380 Total finance income5,187 5,618 6,912 
Finance costs comprise:Finance costs comprise:Finance costs comprise:
Interest expense on finance leaseInterest expense on finance lease(4,869)(3,153)(3,359)Interest expense on finance lease(4,830)(5,428)(4,869)
Interest paid on overdraftsInterest paid on overdrafts(1,215)(289)(515)Interest paid on overdrafts— — (1,215)
Unwinding of discount on provisions for RehabilitationUnwinding of discount on provisions for Rehabilitation(376)(531)(591)Unwinding of discount on provisions for Rehabilitation(735)(485)(376)
Cash repatriation feeCash repatriation fee(44,352)— — 
Total finance costsTotal finance costs(6,460)(3,973)(4,465)Total finance costs(49,917)(5,913)(6,460)
Net finance income/(costs)452 397 (1,085)
Net finance (costs)/incomeNet finance (costs)/income(44,730)(295)452 


9.8. INCOME TAXES
31 Dec31 Dec
31 Dec

202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Current taxation

57,83444,316—
Deferred taxation1299,25617,61815,972

157,09061,93415,972


31 Dec31 Dec
31 Dec

202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Current taxation

47,99355,67157,834
Deferred taxation1199,853107,04499,256
Withholding tax8,10018,000—

155,946180,715157,090


The tax on the Group’s profit before tax differs from the theoretical amount that would arise using the statutory tax rate applicable to the Group’s main operations. Withholding tax arose from the dividend payment made from Kibali Goldmines SA to Moto (Jersey) 2 Limited and Kibali (Jersey) Limited.

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec

202020192018

202220212020

US$’000US$’000US$’000

US$’000US$’000US$’000
Profit before taxProfit before tax

661,787362,246227,970 Profit before tax

488,208674,353661,787
Tax calculated at the DRC effective tax rate of 30%198,537108,674 68,391 
Tax calculated at the DRC standard tax rate of 30%Tax calculated at the DRC standard tax rate of 30%146,462202,306198,537
Withholding taxWithholding tax8,10018,000
Reconciling items:Reconciling items:

Reconciling items:

Exempt incomeExempt income

(54,694)(54,359)(50,569)Exempt income

(24,070)(56,141)(54,694)

Other differences

13,2477,619(1,850)
Non-deductible costsNon-deductible costs

25,45416,55013,247
Taxation chargesTaxation charges

157,09061,93415,972Taxation charges

155,946180,715157,090

Kibali (Jersey) Limited is subject to an income tax rate in Jersey at 0%. In the DRC, Kibali is subject to corporation tax at 30%. Included in current taxation for 2019 is an amount of US$15.5 million paid in respect of 2018. This payment arose as a result of the application of a provision in the 2018 Mining Code restricting the application of unredeemed capital allowances against taxable income to 60% of such taxable income. The GroupKibali has previously resisted the application of this provision on the basis of the stability protection in the 2002 Mining Code. However, during 2019, at the time of making the final 2018 corporate tax payment, the Group had, under duress, applied the restriction on the utilisation of unredeemed capital allowances, resulting in an additional charge of US$15.5 million to current taxation and an equivalent increase in the deferred tax asset. Kibali have capital allowanceslosses for deduction against future mining income which are partially offset by accelerated capital allowances on property, plant and equipment. Kibali (Jersey) Limited’s estimated tax deductions carried forward at 31 December 20202022 amounted to US$355.7166.8 million (2019:(2021: US$450.4285.6 million) (2018:(2020: US$477.1355.7 million) at the tax rate of 30% which are reduced by accelerated capital allowances to result in a net deferred tax assetliabilities being recorded up tofor the financial year 2019.years reported. In the current year, the group has a deferred tax liability of US$89.6296.5 million. ReferIn addition, withholding tax arose from the dividend payments from Kibali Goldmines SA to note 3 for details of the 2018 Mining CodeKibali (Jersey) and the Group’s assessment regarding its fiscal stability protections.Moto (Jersey) 2 Limited.


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10.9. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT


31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec

202220212020

US$’000US$’000US$’000
Mine properties, mine development costs and mine plant facilities and equipment
Cost
Balance at the beginning of the year3,118,076 3,161,305 3,004,474 
Additions

214,765 177,331 156,831 
Disposals *— (220,560)— 
Balance at the end of the year

3,332,841 3,118,076 3,161,305 




Accumulated depreciation




Balance at the beginning of the year(1,306,785)(1,314,559)(1,111,627)
Depreciation charged for the year(181,072)(212,786)(202,932)
Disposals *— 220,560 
Balance at the end of the year(1,487,857)(1,306,785)(1,314,559)
Net book value1,844,984 1,811,291 1,846,746 





31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec

202020192018

US$’000US$’000US$’000
Mine properties, mine development costs and mine plant facilities and equipment
Cost
Balance at the beginning of the year3,004,474 2,868,026 2,722,330 
Additions

156,831 136,448 145,696 
Balance at the end of the year

3,161,305 3,004,474 2,868,026 




Accumulated depreciation




Balance at the beginning of the year(1,111,627)(879,493)(614,612)
Depreciation charged for the year(202,932)(232,134)(264,881)
Balance at the end of the year(1,314,559)(1,111,627)(879,493)
Net book value1,846,746 1,892,847 1,988,533 




* 31 December 2021 presentation has been revised to retrospectively present the disposal of $220.6 million of fully depreciated plant and equipment during that year.

Long-lived assets and development costs
Included in plant and equipment are long-lived assets and development costs which are amortised on a units of production basis as detailed in note 32 and include mining properties, such as processing plants, tailings facilities, raw water dams and power stations, as well as mine development costs. The net book value of these assets was US$1 708447 million at 31 December 2020 (2019:2022 (2021: US$1 784583 million) (2018:(2020: US$1 903708 million). The value of assets under construction included in plant and equipment that are not depreciated is US$339 million (2021: US$271.2 million (revised from $294.0 million previously presented)) (2020: US$209.7 million (revised from 232.5 million (2019: US$209.2 million) (2018: US$189.2 million)previously presented)). Revisions to amounts previously presented as assets under construction reflect adjustments for items which were retrospectively identified as being in use at the respective dates during 2022, as disclosed in note 1. Refer to note 32 for judgements applied with regards to stripping assets.

Short-lived assets
Included in property, plant and equipment are short-lived assets which are depreciated over a short life which reflects their likely useful economic life and are comprised of motor vehicles, computer equipment, aircrafts and fixtures and fittings. The net book value of these assets was US$75.9289 million at 31 December 2020 (2019:2022 (2021: US$66.2167.1 million) (2018:(2020: US$66.075.9 million).

Decommissioning asset
A decommissioning asset has been recognised relating to the rehabilitation liability to the value of US$17.29.1 million (2019:(2021: US$16.115.5 million) (2018:(2020: US$15.517.2 million) (refer to note 18)17). Depreciation of the decommissioning asset commenced on 1 October 2013 when the Group commenced commercial production. The asset is depreciated over the life of the mine on a unit of production basis.basis (Refer to note 2).

Right of Use assets (ROU)
The net carrying amount of property, plant and equipment includes the following amount in respect of Right of Use asset, which also includes the KAS 1 Limited (“KAS”) assets, previously listed below under finance lease mining assets (referassets. Refer to note 20).

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Finance lease asset— — 4,817 
ROU Assets46,175 26,503 — 
46,175 26,503 4,817 
19.



31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
ROU Assets52,076 45,449 46,175 
52,076 45,449 46,175 


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11. MINERAL PROPERTIES

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Cost
At the beginning and end of the year745,092 745,092 745,092 
Amortisation
At the beginning of the year(340,660)(290,613)(225,975)
Charge for the year(38,379)(50,047)(64,638)
At the end of the year(379,039)(340,660)(290,613)
Net book value366,053 404,432 454,479 


10. MINERAL PROPERTIES
31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Cost
At the beginning and end of the year745,092 745,092 745,092 
Amortisation
At the beginning of the year(410,211)(379,039)(340,660)
Charge for the year(26,740)(31,172)(38,379)
At the end of the year(436,951)(410,211)(379,039)
Net book value308,141 334,881 366,053 

Mineral properties represent the amounts attributable to licence interest on the purchase of Moto Goldmines Limited (Moto) in 2009. The balance has been amortised over the life of mine on a unit of production basis since the Group commenced commercial production on 1 October 2013.

12.
11. DEFERRED TAXATION
31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Deferred taxation is calculated on temporary differences under the liability method using a tax rate of 30% in respect of the DRC operations.
The movement on deferred taxation is as follows:
At the beginning of the year(196,654)(89,610)9,647 
Statement of comprehensive income charge (Refer to note 8)(99,853)(107,044)(99,256)
At the end of the year(296,507)(196,654)(89,609)
Deferred taxation comprise the following:
Tax losses166,762 285,632 355,742 
Accelerated capital allowances(463,269)(482,286)(445,351)
Net deferred tax liability(296,507)(196,654)(89,609)

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Deferred taxation is calculated on temporary differences under the liability method using a tax rate of 30% in respect of the DRC operations.
The movement on deferred taxation is as follows:
At the beginning of the year9,647 27,265 43,237 
Statement of comprehensive (charge)/credit(99,256)(17,618)(15,972)
At the end of the year(89,609)9,647 27,265 
Deferred taxation comprise the following:
Tax losses carried forward attributable to accelerated capital allowances355,742 450,408 477,104 
Accelerated capital allowances(445,351)(440,761)(449,839)
Net deferred taxation (liability) / asset(89,609)9,647 27,265 

The Group’s capital allowance pools have no time restriction for utilisation. Refer to Note 3 for an assessment of the utilisation of this deferred tax asset.

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13.12. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Advances to contractors608 1,963 3,288 
Trade receivables1,202 26,580 11,114 
Prepayments and other receivables26,940 28,239 33,371 
Loan to SOKIMO (refer note 26)23,933 22,090 20,393 
Other receivables9,110 3,337 2,150 
TVA receivables153,674 147,825 180,518 
215,467 230,034 250,834 
Less: Non-current portion

Loan to SOKIMO23,933 22,090 20,393 
Drilling down payment8,161 — — 
Other loans and receivables (including TVA receivables)153,674 118,897 117,459 
185,768 140,987 137,852 
Current portion29,699 89,047 112,982 
31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Advances to contractors— 225 608 
Trade receivables (refer to note 25)60,692 22,805 1,202 
Prepayments and other receivables65,892 34,302 36,050 
Loan to SOKIMO (refer note 25)28,010 25,897 23,933 
TVA receivable191,191 163,193 153,674 
345,785 246,422 215,467 
Less: Non-current portion

Loan to SOKIMO (refer to note 25)28,010 25,897 23,933 
Drilling down payment1,644 3,417 8,161 
TVA Receivable191,191 163,193 153,674 
220,845 192,507 185,768 
Current portion124,940 53,915 29,699 

The fair values of trade and other receivables classified as loans and receivables are approximate to the carrying value.

The classes within trade and other receivables do not contain impaired assets however TVA receivables and TVA and duties on fuel balances have been discounted with a provision of US$62.2 million (2021: US$57.3 million) (2020: US$50.1 million (2019: US$37.3 million) (2018: US$37.3 million) recognised and nil (2019: nil, 2018: US$20.6 million) was written off as part of the settlement agreement with the DRC Government (note 3).recognised. The credit quality of receivables that are not past due or impaired remains very high. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date is the carrying value of each class of receivable mentioned above. The Company does not hold any collateral as security. Refer to note 2221 for further information on the concentration of credit risk.

The terms of payment of trade receivables is less than seven days, advances to contractors 30 days and TVA is recoverable under the Mining Code once submissions are approved. All amounts in current trade receivables have been received post year end. The Group continues to seek recovery of TVA in line with the Mining Code. Judgement exists in assessing recovery of this amount. No amounts are expected to be recovered in 2023. See note 32 for further detail.

The loan to SOKIMO bears interest at 8% and the loan and interest will be repaid through future dividends.dividends declared by Kibali Goldmines SA in accordance with the loan agreement.

The balance of “other“prepayments and other receivables” includes loans to related parties of US$0.221.1 million (2019:(2021: US$ 1.51.8 million) (2018:(2020: US$1.50.2 million). These loans have no terms of repayment. All non-current receivables are due after 12 months. The movement in the loan is disclosed as a non-cash movement as it relates to management fees and intercompany charges which are unpaid at the balance sheet date.




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14.13. INVENTORIES AND ORE STOCKPILES

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000
Gold on handGold on hand6,878 13,086 4,425 Gold on hand11,409 4,244 6,878 
Consumables storesConsumables stores72,544 64,201 66,099 Consumables stores55,376 82,417 72,544 
Ore stockpilesOre stockpiles40,620 62,642 44,116 Ore stockpiles26,678 15,744 40,620 
Gold in processGold in process7,320 7,759 6,906 Gold in process2,618 5,546 7,320 
127,362 147,688 121,546 96,081 107,951 127,362 
Less: Non-current portion

Less: Non-current portion

Less: Non-current portion

Ore stockpilesOre stockpiles36,875 52,685 28,510 Ore stockpiles20,160 — 36,875 
Current portionCurrent portion90,487 95,003 93,036 Current portion75,921 107,951 90,487 

All inventory and ore stockpiles are stated at the lower of cost or net realisable value.

Non-current ore stockpiles reflect ore tonnes not planned to be processed within the next 12 months.

15.14.    SHARE CAPITAL AND PREMIUM

The total authorised number of ordinary shares is 10 000 (2019:(2021: 10 000) (2018: (2020: 10 000) for the total value of US$10 000 (2019:(2021: US$10 000) (2018:(2020: US$10 000).All issued shares are fully paid.The total number of issued shares at 31 December 20202022 was 4 648 shares (2019:(2021: 4 648) (2018:(2020: 4 648).

Barrick Gold (Kibali) Limited (Barrick) and AngloGold Ashanti Limited (AngloGold Ashanti) are joint venture partners and shareholders of Kibali (Jersey) Limited, having acquired all 4 648 outstanding ordinary shares.

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Movement in the number of ordinary shares outstanding:
Balance at 1 January5 5 5 
Shares issued— — — 
Balance at 31 December5 5 5 




Movement in share premium:
Balance at 1 January2,523,612 2,523,612 2,523,612 
Reclassification(400,000)— — 
Balance at 31 December2,123,612 2,523,612 2,523,612 

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Movement in the number of ordinary shares outstanding:
Balance at 1 January5 5 5 
Shares issued— — — 
Balance at 31 December5 5 5 




Movement in share premium:
Balance at 1 January2,523,612 2,523,612 2,523,612 
Shares issued— — — 
Balance at 31 December2,523,612 2,523,612 2,523,612 

The reclassification relates to a transfer from share premium to retained earnings to ensure sufficient distributable reserves.
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16.15.    NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000
Balance at 1 JanuaryBalance at 1 January23,579 11,668 7,420 Balance at 1 January68,110 55,743 23,579 
Non-controlling interest in results of Kibali Goldmines SANon-controlling interest in results of Kibali Goldmines SA32,164 11,911 4,248 Non-controlling interest in results of Kibali Goldmines SA25,930 32,367 32,164 
Dividend paidDividend paid(9,000)(20,000)— 
Balance at 31 DecemberBalance at 31 December55,743 23,579 11,668 Balance at 31 December85,040 68,110 55,743 
The non-controlling interest represents the 10% interest SOKIMO has in Kibali Goldmines SA, which is a subsidiary of Kibali (Jersey) Limited.

This dividend paid represents the SOKIMO portion of the dividends paid to Moto (Jersey) 2 Limited and subsequently flows through Moto (Jersey) 1 Limited and Kibali (Jersey) Limited.

See summarised financial information for Kibali Goldmines SA at note 21.20.

17.16.    LOANS, BORROWINGS AND LEASE LIABILITIES
31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Non-current
Lease liabilities50,457 43,821 27,465 
Loan from the Group (refer to note 26)— 1,507 1,526 
50,457 45,328 28,991 
Current
Lease liabilities14,674 11,105 11,425 
14,674 11,105 11,425 
Total loans and borrowings65,131 56,433 40,416 
31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Non-current
Lease liabilities51,045 41,839 50,457 
51,045 41,839 50,457 
Current
Lease liabilities12,507 13,909 14,674 
Loan from the Group (refer to note 25)21,301 1,839 — 
Bank account in overdraft21,997 1,656 — 
Total loans and borrowings106,850 59,243 65,131 

Lease liabilities
The lease liabilities mainly consist of KAS, in respect of the equipment, which has been transferred to the Group under a previous instalment sale agreement, as well as leases related to the oxygen plant and other minor plant components. Refer to note 109 and note 2019 for lease asset disclosures and further details on the lease liabilities respectively. 2018 lease liabilities includes leases related to the KAS lease which were previously shown under Loans and borrowings and have been reclassified to lease liabilities to allow for consistency.

Loan – Barrick
Barrick, a joint venture partner and operator of the Kibali gold mine, incurs management fees and other expenses as part of its role as operator of the mine on behalf of the Group. The loan bears no interest and has no fixed terms of repayment.is repayable on demand.


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18.17.    PROVISION FOR REHABILITATION
31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000
Balance at 1 JanuaryBalance at 1 January25,516 23,640 23,244 Balance at 1 January29,626 29,167 25,516 
Unwinding of discountUnwinding of discount376 531 591 Unwinding of discount735 485 376 
Change in estimatesChange in estimates3,275 2,369 (195)Change in estimates(6,532)(26)3,275 
Total rehabilitationTotal rehabilitation29,167 26,540 23,640 Total rehabilitation23,829 29,626 29,167 
Current rehabilitation liabilityCurrent rehabilitation liability(803)(1,024)— Current rehabilitation liability596 600 803 
Balance at 31 December

C
28,364 25,516 23,640 
Non-Current LiabilityNon-Current Liability23,233 29,026 28,364 

The provisions for rehabilitation costs include estimates for the effect of inflation and changes in estimates and have been discounted to their present value at 1.73% (2021: 0% (2019: 0.5%) (2018: 0.5%(2020: 0%) per annum, being an estimate equivalent to the real risk free rate determined with reference to US government bonds with maturity dates comparable to the estimated rehabilitation of the mines. Management used to 0% due to negative long-term real interest rates in the U.S. The estimated cash costs of rehabilitation are risk adjusted. Management have based the provision for environmental rehabilitation on standards set by the World Bank, which require an environmental management plan, an annual environmental report, a closure plan, an up-to-date register of plans of the facility, preservation of public safety on closure, carrying out rehabilitation works and ensuring sufficient funds exist for the closure works. However, it is reasonably possible that the estimate of its ultimate rehabilitation liability could change as a result of changes in regulations or cost estimates. The Group is committed to rehabilitation of its property. It makes use of independent environmental consultants for advice and it also uses past experience in similar situations to ensure that the provision for rehabilitation is adequate. The current Life of Mine (LOM) plan envisages the majority of the expected outflow to occur at the end of the LOM (Refer to note 2) which, at the date of these accounts,consolidated financial statements, is 2033 (2019: 2032) (2018: 2032)2037 (2021: 2034) (2020: 2033) for Kibali gold mine.

19.

18.    TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES
31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000
Trade payablesTrade payables19,984 20,346 29,367 Trade payables34,452 30,764 19,984 
Payroll and other compensations

Payroll and other compensations

8,839 6,146 3,171 
Payroll and other compensations

8,871 7,711 8,839 
Bank account in overdraft— — 36 
Accruals and other payablesAccruals and other payables38,058 18,968 27,196 Accruals and other payables61,492 58,634 38,058 
66,881 45,460 59,770 104,815 97,109 66,881 

Accruals and other payables include retention, in respect of contracts with suppliers, of US$0.21.7 million (2019:(2021: US$1.20.5 million) (2018:(2020: US$1.90.2 million).

Trade and other payables are all due within 120 days.




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20.19.    LEASES

On adoption of IFRS 16, the Group recognised right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in relation to leases of mining equipment and plant equipment, which had previously been classified as operating leases.

Right of use assets
Description31 Dec 2020 US$’00031 Dec 2019 US$’000
Carrying amount – beginning of the year26,503 20,766 
Additions28,389 10,994 
Depreciation(8,717)(5,257)
Carrying value – end of year46,175 26,503 
Description31 Dec 2022 US$’00031 Dec 2021 US$’00031 Dec 2020 US$’000
Carrying amount – beginning of the year45,449 46,175 26,503 
Additions21,757 6,519 28,389 
Impact of modifications— 3,235 — 
Depreciation(23,510)(10,480)(8,717)
Carrying value – end of year43,696 45,449 46,175 

The right of use asset is measured under the cost model

Lease Liabilities
Description31 Dec 2020 US$’00031 Dec 2019 US$’000
As at 1 January54,926 54,839 
Additions28,389 10,994 
Interest expense4,869 3,153 
Lease payments(23,935)(14,263)
Foreign exchange movements882 203 
As at 31 December65,131 54,926 
Description31 Dec 2022 US$’00031 Dec 2021 US$’00031 Dec 2020 US$’000
As at 1 January55,748 65,131 54,926 
Additions21,757 6,519 28,389 
Impact of modifications— 3,235 — 
Interest expense4,830 5,428 4,869 
Lease payments(18,660)(24,565)(23,935)
Foreign exchange movements(123)— 882 
As at 31 December63,552 55,748 65,131 



21.20.    SEGMENTAL INFORMATION

Operating segments have been identified on the basis of internal reports about components of the Group that are regularly reviewed by the Group’s chief operating decision maker. The operating segments included in the internal reports are determined on the basis of their significance to the Group. In particular, the operating mine is reported as a separate segment. KAS is included within the corporate segment. The Group’s chief operating decision maker is considered by management to be the board of directors. An analysis of the Group’s business segments, excluding intergroup transactions, is set out below. Major customers are not identifiable because all gold is sold through an agent.

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21.20.    SEGMENTAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)

Country of operationCountry of operationDRCJerseyCountry of operationDRCJersey
US$’000US$’000Kibali Goldmines SACorporateIntercompany eliminations and consolidation entriesTotalUS$’000Kibali Goldmines SACorporateIntercompany eliminations and consolidation entriesTotal
Year ended 31 December 2020
Year ended 31 December 2022Year ended 31 December 2022
Profit and lossProfit and lossProfit and loss
Total revenueTotal revenue1,440,328 — — 1,440,328 Total revenue1,328,306 — — 1,328,306 
Mining and processing costs excluding depreciation(429,949)— 1,122 (428,827)
Mining and processing costs excluding DepreciationMining and processing costs excluding Depreciation(468,327)— 2,121 (466,206)
Depreciation and amortisationDepreciation and amortisation(232,804)(2,017)(6,490)(241,311)Depreciation and amortisation(185,019)(427)(22,367)(207,813)
Mining and processing costsMining and processing costs(662,753)(2,017)(5,368)(670,138)Mining and processing costs(653,346)(427)(20,246)(674,019)
RoyaltiesRoyalties(67,547)— — (67,547)Royalties(62,472)— — (62,472)
Exploration and corporate expenditureExploration and corporate expenditure(6,173)(101)— (6,274)Exploration and corporate expenditure(3,452)(3,343)— (6,795)
Other income/(expenses) and JV profit(34,322)409 (1,121)(35,034)
Other (expenses)/income and JV profitOther (expenses)/income and JV profit(56,903)4,821 — (52,082)
Finance costsFinance costs(195,192)— 188,732 (6,460)Finance costs(152,079)(35,073)137,236 (49,916)
Finance incomeFinance income4,389 12,785 (10,262)6,912 Finance income3,700 12,664 (11,178)5,186 
Profit before income taxProfit before income tax478,730 11,076 171,981 661,787 Profit before income tax403,754 (21,358)105,812 488,208 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense(157,090)— — (157,090)Income tax expense(147,846)(8,100)— (155,946)
Net profit for the yearNet profit for the year321,640 11,076 171,981 504,697 Net profit for the year255,908 (29,458)105,812 332,262 
Capital expenditureCapital expenditure156,831 — — 156,831 Capital expenditure214,765 — — 214,765 
Total assetsTotal assets3,762,098 10,862,319 (11,101,207)3,523,210 Total assets2,685,504 2,171,491 (2,143,571)2,713,424 
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities(3,403,586)(7,093,329)10,208,034 (288,881)Total liabilities(1,708,355)(289)1,176,642 (532,002)
Year ended 31 December 2019
Year ended 31 December 2021Year ended 31 December 2021
Profit and lossProfit and lossProfit and loss
Total revenueTotal revenue1,122,940 — — 1,122,940 Total revenue1,469,221 — — 1,469,221 
Mining and processing costs excluding depreciationMining and processing costs excluding depreciation(408,001)— 1,384 (406,617)Mining and processing costs excluding depreciation(446,175)— 2,047 (444,128)
Depreciation and amortisationDepreciation and amortisation(268,736)(1,579)(11,864)(282,179)Depreciation and amortisation(237,215)(1,911)(4,832)(243,958)
Mining and processing costsMining and processing costs(676,737)(1,579)(10,480)(688,796)Mining and processing costs(683,390)(1,911)(2,785)(688,086)
RoyaltiesRoyalties(52,792)— — (52,792)Royalties(68,704)— — (68,704)
Exploration and corporate expenditureExploration and corporate expenditure(13,606)(80)— (13,686)Exploration and corporate expenditure(4,346)545 (2,047)(5,848)
Other income/(expenses) and JV profit(4,610)177 (1,384)(5,817)
Other expenses and JV profitOther expenses and JV profit(31,831)(104)— (31,935)
Finance costsFinance costs(196,905)(8)192,940 (3,973)Finance costs(198,660)(1)192,748 (5,913)
Finance incomeFinance income2,759 12,789 (11,178)4,370 Finance income4,099 12,697 (11,178)5,618 
Profit before income taxProfit before income tax181,049 11,299 169,898 362,246 Profit before income tax486,389 11,226 176,738 674,353 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense(61,934)— — (61,934)Income tax expense(162,715)(18,000)— (180,715)
Net profit for the year119,115 11,299 169,898 300,312 
Net profit/(loss) for the yearNet profit/(loss) for the year323,674 (6,774)176,738 493,638 
Capital expenditureCapital expenditure140,876 — — 140,876 Capital expenditure177,331 — — 177,331 
Total assetsTotal assets3,302,116 10,330,673 (10,474,308)3,158,481 Total assets3,586,931 3,397,061 (3,346,301)3,637,691 
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities(3,265,246)(6,494,171)9,611,062 (148,355)Total liabilities(2,789,133)(3,336)2,401,743 (390,726)
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21. SEGMENTAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
20. SEGMENTAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)20. SEGMENTAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
Country of operationCountry of operationDRCJerseyCountry of operationDRCJersey
US$’000US$’000Kibali Goldmines SACorporateIntercompany eliminations and consolidation entriesTotalUS$’000Kibali Goldmines SACorporateIntercompany eliminations and consolidation entriesTotal
Year ended 31 December 2018
Year ended 31 December 2020Year ended 31 December 2020
Profit and lossProfit and lossProfit and loss
Total revenueTotal revenue1,041,035 — — 1,041,035 Total revenue1,440,328 — — 1,440,328 
Mining and processing costs excluding depreciationMining and processing costs excluding depreciation(444,147)— 1,407 (442,740)Mining and processing costs excluding depreciation(429,949)— 1,122 (428,827)
Depreciation and amortisationDepreciation and amortisation(309,696)(1,744)(18,079)(329,519)Depreciation and amortisation(232,804)(2,017)(6,490)(241,311)
Mining and processing costsMining and processing costs(753,843)(1,744)(16,672)(772,259)Mining and processing costs(662,753)(2,017)(5,368)(670,138)
RoyaltiesRoyalties(45,249)— — (45,249)Royalties(67,547)— — (67,547)
Exploration and corporate expenditureExploration and corporate expenditure(6,084)(70)— (6,154)Exploration and corporate expenditure(6,173)(101)— (6,274)
Other (expenses)/income and JV profitOther (expenses)/income and JV profit12,552 537 (1,407)11,682 Other (expenses)/income and JV profit(34,322)409 (1,121)(35,034)
Finance costsFinance costs(191,543)(29)187,107 (4,465)Finance costs(195,192)— 188,732 (6,460)
Finance incomeFinance income1,578 12,980 (11,178)3,380 Finance income4,389 12,785 (10,262)6,912 
(Loss)/Profit before income tax58,446 11,674 157,850 227,970 
Profit before income taxProfit before income tax478,730 11,076 171,981 661,787 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense(15,972)— — (15,972)Income tax expense(157,090)— — (157,090)
Net (loss)/profit for the year42,474 11,674 157,850 211,998 
Net profit for the yearNet profit for the year321,640 11,076 171,981 504,697 
Capital expenditureCapital expenditure145,696 — — 145,696 Capital expenditure156,831 — — 156,831 
Total assetsTotal assets3,052,902 8,183,627 (8,248,066)2,988,463 Total assets3,762,098 10,862,319 (11,101,207)3,523,210 
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities(3,135,151)(4,410,200)7,416,707 (128,644)Total liabilities(3,403,586)(7,093,329)10,208,034 (288,881)
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22.21.    FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

In the normal course of its operations, the Group is exposed to gold price, currency, interest rate, credit and liquidity risks. In order to manage these risks, the Group may enter into transactions which make use of on-balance sheet derivatives, but none were entered into in 2020, 20192022, 2021 or 2018.2020. The Group does not acquire, hold or issue derivatives for trading purposes. The Group has developed a risk management process to facilitate, control and monitor these risks.

Foreign exchange and commodity price risk
In the normal course of business, the Group enters into transactions denominated in foreign currencies (primarily Euro, British Pound, South African Rand, Congolese Franc and Australian Dollar). As a result, the Group is subject to exposure from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. In general, the Group does not enter into derivatives to manage these currency risks and none existed in 2020, 20192022, 2021 or 2018.2020. Generally, the Group does not hedge its exposure to gold price fluctuation risk and gold was sold at market spot prices in 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 2018.2020. Gold sales are made in US dollars and do not expose the Group to any currency fluctuation risk. The Group is also exposed to fluctuations in the price of consumables, such as fuel, steel, rubber, cyanide and lime, mainly due to changes in the price of oil, as well as fluctuations in exchange rates.

31 Dec 202031 Dec 201931 Dec 2018
$’000$’000$’000
Level of exposure of foreign currency risk carrying value of foreign currency balances.
Cash and cash equivalents includes balances denominated in:
Congolese Franc (CDF)313 2,289 18 
Euro (EUR)82 63 613 
South African Rand (ZAR)229 299 102 
British Pound (GBP)7 11 22 
Australian Dollar (AUD)418 10 — 
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21.    FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

31 Dec 202231 Dec 202131 Dec 2020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Level of exposure of foreign currency risk carrying value of foreign currency balances.
Cash and cash equivalents includes balances denominated in:
•Congolese Franc (CDF)
(2,981)2,189 313 
•Euro (EUR)
419 4 82 
•South African Rand (ZAR)
624 205 229 
•British Pound (GBP)
47 199 7 
•Australian Dollar (AUD)
249 500 418 

Trade and other receivables includes balances denominated in foreign currencies, which are not significant.currencies. The TVA balance included in trade and other receivables amounts to $70M in CDF.

Trade and other payables includes balances denominated in foreign currencies, which are not significantsignificant.

TheThere are no sensitivities disclosed for foreign exchange as these balances are based on financial assets and liabilities held at 31 December 2020 where balances were not denominated in the functional currency of the Group. The sensitivities do not take into account the Group’s income and costs and the results of the sensitivities could change due to other factors such as changes in the value of financial assets and liabilities as a result of non-foreign exchange influenced factors.immaterial.

Interest rate and liquidity risk
Fluctuations in interest rates impact on the value of short term cash investments, interest receivable on hire purchase loans and interest payable on financing activities, giving rise to interest rate risk. The Group funds working capital and capital expenditure requirements with operating cash flows. The drawdowns of any funds are subject to the approval of the Annual budget and Business plan by the board of directors.

The Group has in the past been able to actively source financing through shareholder loans. The finance lease entered into bears a fixed rate of interest.

The directors believe that the working capital resources, by way of internal sources and overdraft facilities, are sufficient to the Group’s currently foreseeable future business requirements.
Amount
$’000		Effective rate
for year		Amount
US$’000		Effective rate
for the year
Cash and cash equivalents:Cash and cash equivalents:Cash and cash equivalents:
All less than 90 days (2022)All less than 90 days (2022)91,865 0.85%
All less than 90 days (2021)All less than 90 days (2021)1,115,359 0.70%
All less than 90 days (2020)All less than 90 days (2020)944,233 0.75%All less than 90 days (2020)944,233 0.75%
All less than 90 days (2019)452,692 0.88%
All less than 90 days (2018)123,931 0.99%


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22.21.    FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

Concentration of credit risk
In normal circumstances, the Group’s cash balances do not give rise to a concentration of credit risk because it endeavours to deal with a variety of major financial institutions wherever possible. For cash and equivalents, credit risk exposure equals the carrying amount on the balance sheet, net of any overdraft positions.sheet. To mitigate our inherent exposure to credit risk we maintain policies to limit the concentration of credit risk, review counterparty creditworthiness on a monthly basis, and ensure liquidity of available funds. Where possible, our cash and equivalents are held with AAA rated financial institutions. Due to the Group’s current inability to repatriate as a result of the new mining code, a large portion of cash is held with lower rated financial institutions, however measures have been initiated and all avenues are being considered to reallocate the deposits to banks with higher ratings in order to manage the credit risk exposure. All cash balances under the Company’s control or joint control are free from assignment or other charges. Cash held in banks in the DRC by Kibali is subject to administrative steps prior to repatriation. At year-end, the group had US$888m56 million (2020: US$1 075 million) of cash in country, an increasea decrease of US$441m1 019 million year on year. Management further assessed any expected credit losses, which was considered immaterial. In forming this assessment, the Company considered the history of the banking relationships, knowledge of the DRC economy and credit rating reports for the DRC banks to evaluate liquidity and any indications of increased credit risk associated with the institutions.

The Group applies IFRS 9 to measure expected credit losses for receivables and loans including other investments in joint ventures and loans to non-controlling interests, these are regularly monitored and assessed. Receivables are impaired when it is probable that amounts outstanding are not recoverable as set out in the accounting policy note for receivables. Gold doré, the Group’s principal product, is produced in the DRC. The gold doré is refined and sold through the largest accredited gold refinery in the world. Credit risk is further managed by regularly reviewing the financial statements of the refinery. Further, the Group is not exposed to significant credit risk on gold sales, as cash is received within a few days of the sale taking place. While not a financial asset for IFRS 7, included in receivables is a TVA balance (including recoverable TVA on fuel duty and after discounting provisions) of US$153.7191.2 million (2019:(2021: US$147.8163.2 million; 2018:2020: US$180.5153.7 million) that was past due. Refer to note 3.2. This could result in credit risk for the Group.
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22.    FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

Capital risk management
The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide future returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group issue new shares (by way of funding from the joint venture partners) or will make use of intercompany loans. The Group monitors capital on the basis of the gearing ratio. This ratio is calculated as net borrowings, finance lease liabilities and trade and other payables (less cash) divided by total capital. Total capital is calculated as equity, as shown in the statement of financial position, plus net borrowings, finance lease liabilities and trade and other payables (less cash). This measure may differ to other companies.
31 Dec 202031 Dec 201931 Dec 2018
$’000$’000$’000
Capital risk management
Borrowings and trade and other payables132,012 102,917 100,186 
Less: cash and cash equivalents(944,233)(452,692)(123,931)
Net borrowings, trade and other payables(812,221)(349,775)(23,745)
Total equity3,234,329 3,010,126 2,859,819 
Total capital2,422,911 2,660,351 2,836,074 
Gearing ratio-33%-13%-1%



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21.    FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

31 Dec 202231 Dec 202131 Dec 2020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Capital risk management
Borrowings, trade and other payables and lease liabilities (note 16 and 18)211,666 154,696 132,012 
Less: cash and cash equivalents(91,865)(1,115,359)(944,233)
Net borrowings, trade and other payables and cash119,801 (960,663)(812,221)
Total equity2,181,425 3,246,965 3,234,329 
Total capital2,301,228 2,286,302 2,422,911 
Gearing ratio5%(42)%(33)%

Maturity analysis
The following table analyses the Group’s financial liabilities into the relevant maturity groupings based on the remaining period from the Statement of Financial Position to the contractual maturity date.
Trade and
other
payables		BorrowingsExpected
Future
interest
payments
US$'000US$'000US$'000
At 31 December 2022
Financial liabilities
Within 1 year in demand104,815 8,240 4,088 
Later than 1 year and no later than 5 years— 64,934 7,413 
Total104,815 73,174 11,501 
At 31 December 2021
Financial liabilities
Within 1 year in demand97,109 11,502 2,407 
Later than 1 year and no later than 5 years— 39,649 4,029 
Total97,109 51,151 6,436 
At 31 December 2020
Financial liabilities
Within 1 year in demand66,881 12,121 2,553 
Later than 1 year and no later than 5 years— 50,340 117 
Total66,881 62,461 2,670 
Trade and
other
payables		BorrowingsExpected
Future
interest
payments
$'000$'000$'000
At 31 December 2020
Financial liabilities
Within 1 year in demand66,880 14,674 2,553 
Later than 1 year and no later than 5— 69,299 117 
After 5 years— — — 
Total66,880 83,973 2,670 
At 31 December 2019
Financial liabilities
Within 1 year in demand46,484 11,105 2,030 
Later than 1 year and no later than 5— 45,328 2,373 
After 5 years— — — 
Total46,484 56,433 4,403 
At 31 December 2018
Financial liabilities
Within 1 year in demand59,770 11,425 2,966 
Later than 1 year and no later than 5— 28,991 5,780 
After 5 years— — 127 
Total59,770 40,416 8,873 




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23.22.    CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES AND NON-CASH ITEMSOPERATIONS

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Profit before income taxation661,787 362,246 227,970 
Adjustments for:
Interest received (Note 8)(6,912)(4,370)(3,380)
Finance cost (Note 8)(4)
6,460 3,973 3,874 
Share of profits of equity accounted joint venture(239)(34)(132)
Depreciation and amortisation
241,311 282,180 329,519 
Foreign exchange loss / (gain) (Note 5)(2,035)1,458 (53,747)
TVA write off agreement (Note 5)1,462 — 20,584 
Movement in discounting provision on TVA (Note 5)12,740 — 17,309 
914,574 645,453 541,997 
Effects of changes in operating working capital items
Receivables2,167 3,998 (12,286)
Inventories20,325 (26,142)(35,536)
Trade and other payables19,804 (7,878)(20,967)
Cash generated from operations956,870 615,431 473,208 

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Profit before income taxation488,208 674,353 661,787 
Adjustments for:
Finance income (Note 7)(5,187)(5,618)(6,912)
Finance cost (Note 7)49,917 5,913 6,460 
Share of profits of equity accounted joint venture(157)(103)(239)
Depreciation and amortisation (Note 5)
207,813 243,958 241,311 
Foreign exchange loss / (gain) (Note 4)— (741)(2,035)
TVA write off agreement (Note 4)— — 1,462 
Movement in discounting provision on TVA (Note 4)5,950 8,351 12,740 
746,544 926,113 914,574 
Effects of changes in operating working capital items
–Receivables
(96,962)(26,214)2,167 
–Inventories
11,871 19,412 20,325 
–Trade and other payables
14,447 24,933 19,804 
Cash generated from operations675,900 944,244 956,870 


Other non-cash items include changes in rehabilitation provision estimates of US$2.50.7 million (2019:(2021: US$1.80.5 million) (2018:(2020: US$0.22.6 million) and TVA offsets of nil (2021: US$ nil) (2020: US$ 4.9 million (2019: US$ 40.9 million) (2018: US$4.0 million).

(4) The 2018 finance cost balance excludes $591k relating Please refer to unwinding of discount on provisions for rehabilitation.


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23. CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES AND NON-CASH ITEMS (CONTINUED)Note 4.

Cash flows relating to loans and borrowings within financing activities comprises the following movements in finance lease liabilities:

Non-currentCurrentTotal
loans andloans and
borrowingsborrowings
US$’000US$’000US$’000
At 1 January 201840,350 7,596 47,946 
Cash flows:
Lease repayments— (12,938)(12,938)
Non cash flows:
Loans and borrowings classified as non-current at 31 December 2017(12,885)12,885 — 
Interest and capital accrued— 3,882 3,882 
At 31 December 2018



27,465 11,425 38,890 
At 1 January 201927,465 11,425 38,890 
Lease repayments15,246 703 15,949 
Cash flows:
Lease repayments— (14,263)(14,263)
Non cash flows:
Loans and borrowings classified as non-current at 31 December 2018(7,162)7,162 — 
Interest and capital accrued3,356 3,356 
Lease additions8,272 2,722 10,994 
At 31 December 2019



43,821 11,105 54,926 
At 1 January 202043,821 11,105 54,926 
Cash flows:
Lease repayments(23,935)(23,935)
Non cash flows:
Loans and borrowings classified as non-current at 31 December 2019(15,825)15,825 — 
Interest and capital accrued— 5,818 5,818 
IFRS 16 lease additions22,461 5,861 28,322 
At 31 December 2020 1



50,457 14,674 65,131 





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22. CASH FLOW FROM OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Cash flows relating to loans and borrowings within financing activities comprises the following movements in finance lease liabilities:
Non-currentCurrentTotal
loans andloans and
borrowingsborrowings
US$’000US$’000US$’000
At 1 January 202045,328 11,105 56,433 
Cash flows:
Lease repayments— (23,935)(23,935)
Non cash flows:
Loans and borrowings classified as non-current at 31 December 2020(15,825)15,825 — 
Interest and capital accrued— 5,818 5,818 
IFRS 16 lease additions20,954 5,861 26,815 
At 31 December 2020 1
50,457 14,674 65,131 
At 1 January 202150,457 14,674 65,131 
Cash flows:
Lease repayments— (24,565)(24,565)
Non cash flows:
Loans and borrowings classified as non-current at 31 December 2021(17,603)17,603 — 
Loan from Group (Note 16)— — — 
Interest and capital accrued— 5,428 5,428 
IFRS 16 lease additions8,985 769 9,754 
At 31 December 202141,839 13,909 55,748 
At 1 January 202241,839 13,909 55,748 
Cash flows:
Lease repayments— (18,660)(18,660)
Overdraft (note 16)— 20,341 20,341 
Non cash flows:
Other movements— 3,495 3,495 
Loans and borrowings classified as non-current at 31 December 2022(12,551)12,551 — 
Loan from Group (Note 16)— 19,462 19,462 
Interest and capital accrued— 4,707 4,707 
IFRS 16 lease additions and modifications21,757 — 21,757 
At 31 December 202251,045 55,805 106,850 
1 Refer to note 2018 and the consolidated cash flow statements on page F-109.statements.


24.23.    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Capital expenditure contracted for at statement of financial
position date but not yet incurred is:
Property, plant and equipment22,227 29,593 22,687 

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Capital expenditure contracted for at statement of financial
position date but not yet incurred is:
Property, plant and equipment24,637 28,157 22,227 
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23. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES (CONTINUED)

25.At the end of January and in early February 2022, Kibali Goldmines SA, which owns and operates the Kibali gold mine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, received fifteen claims from the Direction Générale des Douanes et Accises (“Customs Authority”) concerning customs duties. The Customs Authority claims that incorrect import duty tariffs have been applied to the importation of certain consumables and equipment for the Kibali gold mine. In addition, they claim that the exemption available to Kibali Goldmines SA, which was granted in relation to the original mining lease, no longer applies. Finally, the Customs Authority claims that a service fee paid on the exportation of gold was paid to the wrong government body. The claims, including substantial penalties and interest, total $339 million.

Five of these claims, totalling $256 million, have been closed and we await closure minutes, before settling $4.5 million. However, discussions are ongoing on the remaining $83 million, dealing with a 1% service fee on gold sales, which is being claimed by two different departments. Based on discussions with the minister of finance we anticipate to settle for no more than $8 million and therefore a total provision of $12.5 million was raised for these customs matters. The provision of $12.5 million is booked within accruals and other liabilities.

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24.     INVESTMENT IN JOINT VENTURE

Set out below is the summarised financial information for KAS which is accounted for using the equity method (amounts stated at 100% before intercompany eliminations).

31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Summarised statement of financial position
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents5,384 3,485 1,630 
Other current assets (excluding cash)8,962 3,675 1,703 
Total current assets14,346 7,160 3,333 
Other current liabilities (including trade payables)(4,186)(1,846)(2,149)
Total current liabilities(4,186)(1,846)(2,149)
31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018
US$’000US$’000US$’000
Summarised statement of financial position
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents1,630 3,384 3,125 
Other current assets (excluding cash)1,703 5,643 1,988 
Total current assets3,333 9,027 5,113 
Other current liabilities (including trade payables)(1,960)(6,014)(1,523)
Total current liabilities(1,960)(6,014)(1,523)
Non-current
Assets42,115 38,148 44,552 
Financial liabilities(51,748)(43,249)(45,248)
Net assets527 213 488 
Summarised statement of comprehensive income
Operating profit/(loss)288 3 268 
Interest income3,139 3,167 3,562 
Interest expense(3,113)(2,965)(3,352)
Profit and total comprehensive income for the period314 205 478 
Dividends received from joint venture— 480 131 

Non-current
Assets44,972 39,919 39,431 
Financial liabilities(45,248)(42,248)(42,248)
Net assets1,097 684 773 
Summarised statement of comprehensive income
Operating profit/(loss)268 (120)(21)
Interest income3,562 3,185 3,440 
Interest expense(3,352)(2,998)(3,155)
Profit and total comprehensive income for the period478 67 264 
Dividends received from joint venture65 156 — 

Reconciliation of the summarised financial information presented to the carrying amount of the group's interest in KAS
Reconciliation of the summarised financial information presented to the carrying amount of the group's interest in KAS
Reconciliation of the summarised financial information presented to the carrying amount of the group's interest in KAS
Opening net assets at 1 JanuaryOpening net assets at 1 January684 773 509 Opening net assets at 1 January213 488 141 
Profit for the periodProfit for the period478 67 264 Profit for the period314 205 478 
Dividends receivedDividends received(65)(156)— Dividends received— (480)(131)
Closing net assets at 31 DecemberClosing net assets at 31 December1,097 684 773 Closing net assets at 31 December527 213 488 
Interest in joint venture at 50.1%Interest in joint venture at 50.1%550 343 387 Interest in joint venture at 50.1%264 107 244 

Profit for the period at 50.1%

Profit for the period at 50.1%
239 34 132 

Profit for the period at 50.1%
157 103 239 




Funding classified as long term debt by joint venture recorded in ‘other investments in joint ventures’




Funding classified as long term debt by joint venture recorded in ‘other investments in joint ventures’
22,790 20,795 21,479 




Funding classified as long term debt by joint venture recorded in ‘other investments in joint ventures’
25,990 21,669 23,096 
Carrying valueCarrying value23,340 21,138 21,866 Carrying value26,254 21,776 23,340 

The loan to KAS bears interest at 8% and has no fixed repayment terms. Joint control is provided through a joint venture agreement.


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26.25.    RELATED PARTIES AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Related partiesNature of relationship
Barrick Gold (Holdings) LimitedUltimate Joint Venture partner
AngloGold AshantiUltimate Joint Venture partner
AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plcJoint Venture partner
Barrick Gold (Kibali) LimitedJoint Venture partner
Barrick Gold (Congo) SPRLEntity under common control (subsidiary of Barrick)
Société des Mines de Loulo SAEntity under common control (subsidiary of Barrick)
Société des Mines de Tongon SAEntity under common control (subsidiary of Barrick)
Société des Mines de Gounkoto SAEntity under common control (subsidiary of Barrick)
Société des Mines de Morila SAEntity under common control (subsidiary of Barrick)
Rand Refinery (Pty) LimitedAssociate of AngloGold Ashanti
SOKIMOGovernment interest in Kibali
KASJoint Venture
Isiro (Jersey) LimitedJoint Venture of Barrick
KGL Isiro SARL
Subsidiary of Isiro (Jersey) Limited






31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec31 Dec
202020192018202220212020
US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000US$’000
Related party transactionsRelated party transactionsRelated party transactions
Dividend paid to SOKIMODividend paid to SOKIMO9,000 20,000 — 
Management fee paid to Barrick Gold (Holdings) LtdManagement fee paid to Barrick Gold (Holdings) Ltd4,668 4,563 4,478 Management fee paid to Barrick Gold (Holdings) Ltd7,036 6,216 4,668 
Refining fees to Rand Refinery (Pty) LimitedRefining fees to Rand Refinery (Pty) Limited5,818 3,444 3,957 Refining fees to Rand Refinery (Pty) Limited313 4,789 5,818 
Interest received from SOKIMO1,843 1,697 1,446 
Interest income from SOKIMOInterest income from SOKIMO2,113 2,291 1,843 
Shareholders interest received from KASShareholders interest received from KAS1,494 1,294 1,578 Shareholders interest received from KAS1,400 1,469 1,494 
Interest incurred to KAS on the finance lease liabilityInterest incurred to KAS on the finance lease liability3,181 2,727 3,359 Interest incurred to KAS on the finance lease liability2,981 3,128 3,181 
Amounts included in trade and other receivables owed to / (owing from) related parties
Amounts included in trade and other receivables owed from / (owing to) related partiesAmounts included in trade and other receivables owed from / (owing to) related parties
Rand Refinery (Pty) LimitedRand Refinery (Pty) Limited1,202 26,580 11,114 Rand Refinery (Pty) Limited48,532 20,832 1,202 
Loan to SOKIMOLoan to SOKIMO23,933 22,090 20,393 Loan to SOKIMO28,010 25,897 23,933 
Loan to Barrick Gold (Congo) SPRLLoan to Barrick Gold (Congo) SPRL1,569 1,198 616 Loan to Barrick Gold (Congo) SPRL1,641 1,988 1,569 
Loan to KGL Isiro SARL

Loan to KGL Isiro SARL

172 163 97 
Loan to KGL Isiro SARL

208 202 172 
Loan (from) / to Société des Mines de Loulo SALoan (from) / to Société des Mines de Loulo SA(1)3 22 Loan (from) / to Société des Mines de Loulo SA(95)— (1)
Loan (from) / to Société des Mines de Tongon SALoan (from) / to Société des Mines de Tongon SA(254)133 32 Loan (from) / to Société des Mines de Tongon SA(34)(29)(254)
Loan to Société des Mines de Gounkoto SALoan to Société des Mines de Gounkoto SA1 — — Loan to Société des Mines de Gounkoto SA1 1 1 
Loan to Société des Mines de Morila SA— — 45 
Amounts included in other investment in joint venture owing by related parties
Amounts included in other investment in joint venture owing by related partiesAmounts included in other investment in joint venture owing by related partiesAmounts included in other investment in joint venture owing by related parties
Loan to KAS25,990 21,669 23,096 
Amounts included in loans and borrowings owed to related parties
Loan from Barrick Gold (Holdings) Ltd(1,302)(1,507)(1,526)
Loan to/(from) Barrick Gold (Holdings) LtdLoan to/(from) Barrick Gold (Holdings) Ltd(21,301)(1,839)186 
Finance lease liability with KASFinance lease liability with KAS(41,524)(39,681)(38,890)Finance lease liability with KAS(44,690)(35,187)(41,524)

SOKIMO has a 10% interest in Kibali, Goldmines SA, a subsidiary of the group.

The key management personnel are considered to be the board of Kibali and Kibali (Jersey) Limited. None of the directors receive any remuneration for performing their director duties.

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26.25. RELATED PARTIES AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

Rand Refinery (Pty) Limited (Rand Refinery) is an associate of AngloGold Ashanti. Kibali has incurred refining costs of US$5.80.3 million in the year (2019:(2021: US$3.44.8 million) (2018:(2020: US$3.95.8 million). US$1 440m (2019:328 million (2021: US$1 123469 million) (2018:(2020: US$1 041440 million) of gold and silver was sold by Rand Refinery under the contract with Kibali in which Rand Refinery is the stated agent.

It is the obligation of the joint venture parties, Barrick and AngloGold Ashanti, (joint venture partners) to fund the Group for operating costs, capital costs and other costs in proportion to their respective percentage interests in Kibali (Jersey) Limited. These costs are in accordance with the Kibali Joint Venture Agreement.

The finance lease liability due to KAS is in respect of the equipment which has been transferred to the Group under an instalment sale agreement. Kibali (Jersey) Limited has a 50.1% shareholding in KAS.

Refer to notes 1312 and 1716 for the details of loans to and from related parties.



27.26.    SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS

The consolidated financial statements include the accountsresults of the Company and all of its subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities at 31 December 2020.2022. The Company, the principal subsidiaries and their interests are:



% ofCountry of
Interestincorporation
and
residence
CompanyKibali (Jersey) LtdJersey
SubsidiaryBorder Energy East Africa (Pty) Ltd100%Uganda
SubsidiaryMoto (Jersey) 1 Ltd100%
Jersey



SubsidiaryKibali 2 (Jersey) Ltd100%Jersey
Subsidiary0858065 B.C. Limited100%Canada
SubsidiaryMoto Goldmines Australia Pty Ltd100%Australia
SubsidiaryKibali Goldmines SA90%DRC
Jointly controlled entityKAS 1 Limited50.1%Jersey


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27. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

No significant subsequent events requiring disclosure or adjustment occurred.


29.28.    OTHER INFORMATION

The Company is a private company limited by shares, incorporated in Jersey with its registered office at 3rd Floor, Unity Chambers, 28 Halkett Street, St Helier, Jersey, JE2 4WJ, Channel Islands. The Company’s principal activity is the operation of the Kibali gold mine in the DRC.

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Exhibits to Form 20-F
Exhibit NumberDescriptionRemarks
Exhibit 19.1Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.2.1Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to AngloGold Ashanti Limited and AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc’s Registration Statement on Form F-3 (Nos. 333-182712 and 333-182712-02) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 17 July 2012
Exhibit 19.2.2Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99(C) to AngloGold Ashanti Limited and AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A (Nos. 001-14846 and 001-34725) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 28 April 2010
Exhibit 19.2.3Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to AngloGold Ashanti Limited and AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc's report on Form 6-K (Nos. 001-14846 and 001-34725) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 30 July 2012
Exhibit 19.2.4Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to AngloGold Ashanti Limited and AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc'splc’s report on Form 6-K (Nos. 001-14846 and 001-34725) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 1 October 2020
Exhibit 19.2.4Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to
AngloGold Ashanti Limited and AngloGold
Ashanti Holdings plc’s report on Form 6-K
(Nos. 001-14846 and 001-34725) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on 22
October 2021
Exhibit 19.2.5Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.2.6Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1 to AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s Registration Statement on Form F-6 (No. 333-159248) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 14 May 2009
Exhibit 19.4.1.1Incorporated by reference to AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s report on Form 6-K (No. 001-14846) furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission on 10 April 2013
Exhibit 19.4.1.2Incorporated by reference to AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s report on Form 6-K (No. 001-14846) furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission on 10 April 2013
Exhibit 19.4.1.3

Incorporated by reference to AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s report on Form 6-K (No. 001-14846) furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission on 18 May 2017Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.4.4.1
Incorporated by reference to AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s report on Form 6-K (No. 001-14846) furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission on 25 February 2019Filed herewith
E - 1
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Exhibit NumberDescriptionRemarks
Exhibit 19.4.5.1Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 19.4.5.6 to AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s reportAnnual Report on Form 6-K20-F (No. 001-14846) furnished tofiled with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 12 February 201930 March 2022
Exhibit 19.4.5.2Filed herewithIncorporated by reference to
Exhibit 99.1 to AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s
report on Form 6-K (No. 001-14846) filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on 4 May 2021
Exhibit 19.4.5.3Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 99.2 to AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s
report on Form 6-K (No. 001-14846) filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on
4 May 2021
Exhibit 19.4.5.4Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.4.5.5Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.4.6Incorporated by reference to AngloGold Ashanti Limited'sLimited’s report on Form 6-K (No.001-14846) filed withfurnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission on 19 February 2016
Exhibit 19.8Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.12.1Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.12.2Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.13Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.15.1Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.15.2Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.15.3Filed herewith

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EXHIBIT 19.8

PRINCIPAL SUBSIDIARIES AND OPERATING ENTITIES AT 31 DECEMBER 2020

Shares heldHoldingPercentage held
2020201920202019
Principal subsidiaries and controlled operating entities(1)
AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited(2)
2257,462,077257,462,077 I100100 
AngloGold Ashanti Holdings plc65,326,550,9175,326,550,917 D100100 
AngloGold Ashanti USA Incorporated10235 235 D100100 
Operating entities
AngloGold Ashanti Córrego do Sítio Mineração S.A.34,167,084,9994,167,084,999 I100100 
AngloGold Ashanti (Ghana) Limited(3)
4132,419,584132,419,584 I100100 
AngloGold Ashanti (Iduapriem) Limited466,27066,270 I100100 
Cerro Vanguardia S.A.113,875,00013,875,000 I92.592.50 
Geita Gold Mining Limited9123,382,772123,382,772 I100100 
Mineração Serra Grande S.A.31,999,9991,999,999 I100100 
Société AngloGold Ashanti de Guinée S.A.53,486,1343,486,134 I8585 
Joint venture operating entities
Kibali (Jersey) Limited(4)
72,3242,324 I5050 
Société des Mines de Morila S.A.(5)
8—400 I—40 
Société d'Exploitation des Mines d'Or de Sadiola S.A.(6)
8—41,000 I—41 
Unincorporated joint operation
Tropicana joint operation2n/an/aI7070 

D - Direct Holding
I - Indirect Holding

(1)All the operations in South Africa, including, Mine Waste Solutions and Mponeng were held by the parent company, AngloGold Ashanti Limited. The South African operations were sold effective 30 September 2020 .
(2)Owner of the Sunrise Dam operation and the Tropicana joint operation in Australia.
(3)Operates the Obuasi mine in Ghana.
(4)Owner of Kibali Goldmines S.A. which operates the Kibali mine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
(5)    Sold, effective 10 November 2020.
(6)    Sold, effective 30 December 2020.

1Argentina6Isle of Man
2Australia7Jersey
3Brazil8Mali
4Ghana9Tanzania
5Republic of Guinea10United States of America
Exhibit NumberDescriptionRemarks
Exhibit 19.15.4Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.15.5Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.15.6Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.15.7Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.15.8Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.15.9Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.16Filed herewith
Exhibit 19.17Filed herewith

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EXHIBIT 19.12.1
CERTIFICATION

I, Kandimathie Christine Ramon, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of AngloGold Ashanti Limited;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the company and have:
a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB;
c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: 26 March 2021

/s/ Kandimathie Christine Ramon
Kandimathie Christine Ramon
Interim Chief Executive Officer
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EXHIBIT 19.12.2
CERTIFICATION

I, Ian Kramer, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of AngloGold Ashanti Limited;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the company and have:
a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB;
c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: 26 March 2021

/s/ Ian Kramer
Ian Kramer
Interim Chief Financial Officer
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EXHIBIT 19.13




CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of AngloGold Ashanti Limited (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the period ending 31 December 2020, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned hereby certify that to the best of our knowledge:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.




Date: 26 March 2021/s/ Kandimathie Christine Ramon
Name: Kandimathie Christine Ramon
Title: Interim Chief Executive Officer




Date: 26 March 2021/s/ Ian Kramer
Name: Ian Kramer
Title: Interim Chief Financial Officer

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Exhibit 19.15.1


CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-113789) and the Registration Statement on Form F-3 (No. 333-230651) of AngloGold Ashanti Limited of our reports dated 26 March 2021, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of AngloGold Ashanti Limited and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of AngloGold Ashanti Limited included in this Annual Report (Form 20-F) for the year ended 31 December 2020, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.







/s/ Ernst & Young Inc.


Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
26 March 2021

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Exhibit 19.15.2


CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

AngloGold Ashanti Limited
Johannesburg, South Africa


We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No. 333-113789) and Form F-3 (No. 333-230651) of AngloGold Ashanti Limited of our report dated 26 March 2021, relating to the consolidated financial statements of Kibali (Jersey) Limited which appears in this Annual Report on Form 20-F of AngloGold Ashanti Limited.



/s/ BDO LLP


London, United Kingdom
26 March 2021




SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorised the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI LIMITED
/s/ Ian Kramer

/s/ G A Doran
Name:Ian KramerGillian Ann Doran
Title:Interim Chief Financial Officer
Date:2617 March 20212023






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