BALANCE SHEET DATA

(in U.S. Dollars)

Dividends

We have never paid or declared dividends on our shares of common stock.

Exchange Rates

In this Annual Report, unless otherwise specified, all dollar amounts are expressed in United States Dollars (USD$). The Government of Canada permits a floating exchange rate to determine the value of the Canadian Dollar against the U.S. Dollar (US$), therefore, this Annual Report may contain conversions of certain amounts in United States dollars into the Company’s functional currency, Canadian dollars, based upon the exchange rate in effect at the end of the month or of the fiscal year to which the amount relates, or the exchange rate on the date specified. For such purposes, the exchange rate means the daily noon historical exchange rate as reported online by the Bank of Canada at http://www.bankofcanada.ca/rates/exchange/daily-exchange-rates-lookup/ “U.S dollar (noon)”. These translations should not be construed as representations that the Canadian dollar amounts actually represent such United States dollar amounts or that Canadian dollars could be converted into United States dollars at the rate indicated or at any other rate.

The following table sets forth the exchange rates for the Canadian Dollar at the end of each of the five fiscal years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 2016, 2015, 2014 and 2013,2016, and the average rates for the period and the range of high and low rates for the period. The data for March 20182021 and for each month during the most recent six months is also provided.

Exchange Rates for Canadian Versus U.S. Dollars

The exchange rate as of December 31, 20172020 was CDN $1.25$1.27 per U.S. $1.00.

The exchange rate as of March 26, 201831, 2021 was CDN $1.29$1.26 per U.S. $1.00.

Exchange Rates for Canadian Versus U.S. Dollars

(High/low rates for latest six months)

Exchange Rates for Canadian Versus U.S. Dollars

B. Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not applicable.

C. Reasons for the offer and use of proceeds

Not applicable.

D. Risk Factors

An investment in the Company has a high degree of risk. Before you invest you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below and the other information in this Annual Report. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed, and the value of our stock could go down. This means you could lose all or a part of your investment.

RISKS RELATING TO OUR COMPANY

1.           We are an exploration stage company, with limited operating history, which raises substantial doubt as to our ability to successfully develop profitable business operations and makes an investment in our common shares very risky.

Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered in establishing a business in the oil and natural gas industries. We have yet to generate any revenues from operations. There is nothing, at this time, in which to base an assumption that our business operations will prove to be successful or that we will ever be able to operate profitably. Our future operating results will depend on many factors, including:

To achieve profitable operations, we must, alone or with others, successfully execute on the factors stated above. If we are not successful in executing any of the above stated factors, our business will not be profitable and may never even generate any revenue, which make our common shares a less attractive investment and may harm the trading of our common shares.

2.           At this stage of our business, even with our good faith efforts, potential investors have a substantial risk of losing their investment.

Because the nature of our business is expected to change as a result of shifts in the market price of oil and natural gas, competition, and the development of new and improved technology, management forecasts are not necessarily indicative of future operations and should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance.

Our management may incorrectly estimate projected occurrences and events within the timetable of its business plan, which would have an adverse effect on our results of operations and, consequently, make our common shares a less attractive investment and harm the trading of our common shares. Investors may find it difficult to sell their shares.

3.           If capital is not available to fund future operations, we will not be able to pursue our business plan and operations would come to a halt.

Cash on hand is not sufficient to fund our anticipated operating needs for the next twelve months. We will require substantial additional capital to participate in the development of our properties, which have not had any production of oil or natural gas, as well as for acquisition and/or development of other producing properties. Because we currently do not have any cash flow from operations, we need to raise additional capital which may be in the form of loans from current shareholders and/or from private equity offerings. Our ability to access capital will depend on our success in participating in properties that are successful in exploring for and producing oil and gas at profitable prices. It will also be dependent upon the status of the capital markets at the time such capital is sought. Should sufficient capital not be available, the development of our business plan could be delayed and, accordingly, the implementation of our business strategy would be adversely affected. In such event, it would not be likely that investors would obtain a profitable return on their investments or a return of their investments at all.

4.           We are heavily dependent on Trevor Newton, our CEO and President. The loss of Mr. Newton, whose knowledge, leadership and technical expertise upon which we rely, would harm our ability to execute our business plan.

Our success depends heavily upon the continued contributions of Trevor Newton, whose knowledge, leadership and technical expertise would be difficult to replace. Our success is also dependent on our ability to retain and attract experienced engineers, geoscientists and other technical and professional staff. We do not maintain any key person insurance on Mr. Newton or any of our officers and directors. If we were to lose his services, our ability to execute our business plan would be harmed and we may be forced to cease operations until such time, if ever, we could hire a suitable replacement for Mr. Newton.

5.           Volatility of oil and gas prices and markets could make it more difficult for us to achieve profitability and less likely for investors in our common shares to receive a return on their investment.

Our ability to achieve profitability is substantially dependent on prevailing prices for natural gas and oil. The amounts and price obtainable for any oil and gas production that we achieve will be affected by market factors beyond our control. If these factors are not favorable over time to our financial interests, it is likely that owners of our common shares will lose their investments. Such factors include:

6.           Drilling wells is speculative and often involves significant costs that may be more than our estimates. Any material inaccuracies in drilling costs, estimates or underlying assumptions will reduce the profitability of our business and will negatively affect our results of operations.

Developing and exploring for natural gas and oil involves a high degree of operational and financial risk, which precludes definitive statements as to the time required and costs involved in reaching certain objectives. The budgeted costs of drilling, completing and operating wells are often exceeded and can increase significantly when drilling costs rise due to a tightening in the supply of various types of oilfield equipment and related services. Drilling may be unsuccessful for many reasons, including title problems, weather, cost overruns, equipment shortages and mechanical difficulties. Moreover, the successful drilling of a natural gas or oil well does not ensure a profit on investment. Exploratory wells bear a much greater risk of loss than development wells. A variety of factors, both geological and market-related, can cause a well to become uneconomical or only marginally economic such as:

If we experience any of these problems, it could affect well bores, gathering systems and processing facilities, which could adversely affect our ability to conduct operations. We could also incur substantial losses as a result of the following:

7.           The unavailability or high cost of drilling rigs, equipment, supplies, personnel and other services could adversely affect our ability to execute on a timely basis our development, exploitation and exploration plans within our budget.

Shortages or an increase in cost of drilling rigs, equipment, supplies or personnel could delay or interrupt our operations, which could impact our financial condition and results of operations. Drilling activity in the geographic areas in which we conduct drilling activities may increase, which would lead to increases in associated costs, including those related to drilling rigs, equipment, supplies and personnel and the services and products of other vendors to the industry. Increased drilling activity in these areas may also decrease the availability of rigs. We do not have any contracts with providers of drilling rigs and, consequently we may not be able to obtain drilling rigs when we need them. Therefore, our drilling and other costs may increase further and necessary equipment and services may not be available to us at economical prices.

8.           We are subject to complex laws and regulations, including environmental regulations, which can adversely affect the cost, manner or feasibility of doing business.

Development, production and sale of natural gas and oil in Canada are subject to extensive laws and regulations, including environmental laws and regulations. We may be required to make large expenditures to comply with environmental and other governmental regulations. Matters subject to regulation include:

Under these laws and regulations, we could be liable for personal injuries, property damage, oil spills, discharge of hazardous materials, remediation and clean-up costs and other environmental damages. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may also result in the suspension or termination of our operations and subject us to administrative, civil and criminal penalties. Moreover, these laws and regulations could change in ways that substantially increase our costs. Accordingly, any of these liabilities, penalties, suspensions, terminations or regulatory changes could result in a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations which could potentially force us to cease our business operations.

9.           Our oil and gas operations may expose us to environmental liabilities.

If we experience any leakage of crude oil and/or gas from the subsurface portions of a well, our gathering system could cause degradation of fresh groundwater resources, as well as surface damage, potentially resulting in suspension of operation of a well, fines and penalties from governmental agencies, expenditures for remediation of the affected resource and liabilities to third parties for property damages and personal injuries. In addition, any sale of residual crude oil collected as part of the drilling and recovery process could impose liability on us if the entity to which the oil was transferred fails to manage the material in accordance with applicable environmental health and safety laws.

10.         Exploratory drilling involves many risks and we may become liable for pollution or other liabilities which may have an adverse effect on our financial position.

Drilling operations generally involve a high degree of risk. Hazards such as unusual or unexpected geological formations, power outages, labor disruptions, blow-outs, sour gas leakage, fire, inability to obtain suitable or adequate machinery, equipment or labor and other risks are involved. We may become subject to liability for pollution or hazards against which we cannot adequately insure or may elect not to insure. Incurring any such liability may have a material adverse effect on our financial position and operations.

11.         The potential profitability of oil and gas ventures depends upon factors beyond our control.

The potential profitability of oil and gas properties is dependent upon many factors beyond our control. For instance, world prices and markets for oil and gas are unpredictable, highly volatile, potentially subject to governmental fixing, pegging, controls or any combination of these and other factors, as well as responsive to changes in domestic, international, political, social, and economic environments. Additionally, due to worldwide economic uncertainty, the availability and cost of funds for production and other expenses have become increasingly difficult, if not impossible, to project. These changes and events may materially affect our financial performance.

12.         Our auditors’ opinion on our December 31, 20172020 financial statements includesinclude an explanatory paragraph in respect to there being substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

We have incurred an accumulated deficit of $23,245,776$23,474,066 as of December 31, 2017.2020. Our financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded assets, or the amounts of and classification of liabilities that might be necessary in the event the Company cannot continue in existence. We anticipate generating operating losses for at least the next 12 months. Therefore, there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue operations in the future as a going concern. We will need to obtain additional funds in the future. Our plans to deal with this cash requirement include loans from existing shareholders, raising additional capital from the private sale of our equity securities or entering into a strategic arrangement with a third party. If we cannot continue as a viable entity, our shareholders may lose some or all of their investment in our company.

13.         If we do not maintain the property lease payments on our properties, we will lose our interest in the properties as well as losing all monies incurred in connection with the properties.

We have two project regions in the Peace River region of Alberta, Canada consisting of oil sands leases, either acquired from the Government of Alberta or from third parties. The land packages are made up of a number of underlying individual leases. All of our leases require annual lease payments to the Alberta provincial government. See Item 4.D for a more detailed description of the property obligations. If we do not continue to make the annual lease payments, we will lose our ability to explore and develop the properties and we will not retain any kind of interest in the properties.

14.         We may not be able to compete with current and potential exploration companies, some of whom have greater resources and experience than we do in locating and commercializing oil and natural gas reserves.

The natural gas and oil market is intensely competitive, highly fragmented and subject to rapid change. We may be unable to compete successfully with our existing competitors or with any new competitors. We compete with many exploration companies that have significantly greater personnel, financial, managerial and technical resources. This competition from other companies with greater resources and reputations may result in our failure to maintain or expand our business.

15.         We expect losses to continue in the future because we have no oil or gas reserves and, consequently, no revenue to offset losses.

Based upon the fact that we currently do not have any oil or gas reserves, we expect to incur operating losses in the next 12 months. The operating losses will occur because there are expenses associated with the acquisition, exploration, and development of natural gas and oil properties that do not have any income-producing reserves. Failure to generate revenues may cause us to go out of business. We will require additional funds to achieve our current business strategy and our inability to obtain additional financing will interfere with our ability to expand our current business operations.

16.         Because we are in the exploration stage of operations of our business, our securities are considered highly speculative.

We are in the exploration stage of our business. As a result, our securities must be considered highly speculative. We are engaged in the business of exploring and, if warranted and feasible, developing natural gas and oil properties. Our current properties are without known reserves of natural gas or oil. Accordingly, we have not generated any revenuesrevenue, nor have we realized a profit from our operations to date and there is reduced likelihood that we will generate any revenues or realize any profits in the very near term. Any profitability in the future from our business will be dependent upon locating and developing economic reserves of natural gas and oil, which itself is subject to numerous risk factors as set forth herein. Since we have not generated any revenue, we will have to raise additional funds through loans from existing shareholders, the sale of our equity securities or a strategic arrangement with a third party in order to continue our business operations.

17.         Since our Directors work for other natural resource exploration companies, their other activities could slow down our operations or negatively affect our profitability.

Our Officers and Directors are not required to work exclusively for us and they do not devote all their time to our operations. In fact, our Directors work for other natural resource exploration companies. Therefore, it is possible that a conflict of interest with their time may arise based on their consulting or employment by such other companies. Their other activities could slow our operations and may reduce our financial results because of the slowdown in operations. It is expected that each of our Directors will devote the time necessary to assist with the operations of the Company as necessary.

RISKS RELATING TO OUR COMMON SHARES

18.         We may, in the future, issue additional common shares, which would reduce our investors’ percentage of ownership and may dilute our share value.

Our Articles of Incorporation authorize the issuance of an unlimited number of common shares without par value and an unlimited number of preferred shares without par value. The future issuance of our unlimited authorized common shares may result in substantial dilution in the percentage of our common shares held by our then existing shareholders. We may value any common shares issued in the future on an arbitrary basis. The issuance of common shares for future services or acquisitions or other corporate actions may have the effect of diluting the value of the shares held by our investors and might have an adverse effect on any trading market for our common shares.

19.         Our common shares are subject to the "Penny Stock" Rules of the SEC and we have no established market for our securities, which make transactions in our stock cumbersome and may reduce the value of an investment in our stock.

Section 15(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 15g-2 promulgated thereunder by the Commission require broker-dealers dealing in penny stocks to provide potential investors with a document disclosing the risks of penny stocks and to obtain a manually signed and dated written receipt of the document before effecting any transaction in a penny stock for the investor's account. These rules may have the effect of reducing the level of trading activity in the secondary market, if and when one develops. Potential investors in the Company’s common stock are urged to obtain and read such disclosures carefully before purchasing any shares that are deemed to be "penny stock." Moreover, the Securities and Exchange Commission has adopted Rule 15g-9 which establishes the definition of a "penny stock," for the purposes relevant to us, as any equity security that has a market price of less than USD $5.00 per share or with an exercise price of less than USD $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. For any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require:

In order to approve a person's account for transactions in penny stocks, the broker or dealer must:

The broker or dealer must also deliver, prior to any transaction in a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prescribed by the Commission relating to the penny stock market, which, in highlight form sets forth:

Generally, brokers may be less willing to execute transactions in securities subject to the "penny stock" rules. This may make it more difficult for investors to dispose of our common shares and may cause a decline in the market value of our stock.

Pursuant to the Penny Stock Reform Act of 1990, broker-dealers are further obligated to provide customers with monthly account statements. Compliance with the foregoing requirements may make it more difficult for investors in the Company's stock to resell their shares to third parties or to otherwise dispose of them in the market or otherwise.

20.         We are a “foreign private issuer” and you may not have access to the information you could obtain about us if we were not a “foreign private issuer”.

We are considered a "foreign private issuer" under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. As a foreign private issuer, we will not have to file quarterly reports with the SEC nor will our Directors, Officer and 10% stockholders be subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act. As a foreign private issuer, we will not be subject to the proxy rules of Section 14 of the Exchange Act. Furthermore, Regulation FD does not apply to non-U.S. companies and will not apply to us. Accordingly, you may not be able to obtain some of the information about us that you could obtain if we were not a “foreign private issuer.”

21.         Because we do not intend to pay any cash dividends on our Common shares, our stockholders will not be able to receive a return on their shares unless they sell them.

We intend to retain any future earnings to finance the development and expansion of our business. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common shares in the foreseeable future. Unless we pay dividends, our stockholders will not be able to receive a return on their shares unless they sell them.

22.         We may become a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, which could result in adverse U.S. tax consequences to U.S. investors.

If we are a “passive foreign investment company” or “PFIC” as defined by Federal tax laws, U.S. Holders will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation under one of two alternative tax regimes at the election of each such U.S. Holder. Federal tax laws define a PFIC as a corporation that is not formed in the United States and either (i) 75% or more of its gross income for the taxable year is “passive income”, which generally includes interest, dividends and certain rents and royalties or (ii) the average percentage, by fair market value (or, if we elect, adjusted tax basis), of its assets that produce or are held for the production of “passive income” is 50% or more. Whether we are a PFIC in any year and the tax consequences relating to PFIC status will depend on the composition of our income and assets, including cash. U.S. Holders should be aware, however, that if we become a PFIC, we may not be able or willing to satisfy record-keeping requirements that would enable U.S. Holders to make an election to treat us as a “qualified electing fund” for purposes of one of the two alternative tax regimes applicable to a PFIC, which would result in adverse tax consequences to our shareholders who are U.S. citizens.

23.         Because we are organized under the Canada Business Corporations Act and all of our assets and certain of our Officers and Directors are located outside the United States, it may be difficult for an investor to enforce judgments obtained against us or our Officers and Directors within the United States.

All of our assets are located outside of the United States and we do not currently maintain a permanent place of business within the United States. In addition, certain of our Directors and Officers are nationals and/or residents of countries other than the United States, and all or a substantial portion of such persons' assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for an investor to effect service of process or enforce within the United States any judgments obtained against us or our Officers or Directors, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof. In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of Canada would recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our Directors and Officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof. There is even uncertainty as to whether the Canadian courts would have jurisdiction to hear original actions brought in Canada against us or our Directors and Officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof.

Public Health Threats Risk

24.       Our financial and operating performance may be adversely affected by global public health threats, including the recent outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19).

Public health threats, such as the coronavirus (COVID-19), influenza and other highly communicable diseases or viruses could adversely impact our operations and cause disruptions in the oil and gas industry. If the effect of the coronavirus (COVID-19) is ongoing, economic conditions and the economic slow-down resulting from COVID-19 and the intentional governmental responses to the virus may also adversely affect the market price of our common shares.

Additionally, any prolonged restrictive measures implemented in order to control or contain the coronavirus (COVID-19) or other global public health threats may have a material and adverse effect on our business operations. Our financial and operating performance may be adversely affected by global public health threats, including the recent outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19).

Item 4. Information on the Company

A. History and Development of Strata Oil & Gas Inc.Power Corporation

Strata Oil & Gas Inc.Power Corporation is a company principally engaged in the acquisition and exploration of oil and gas properties. We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on November 18, 1998 and commenced operations in January 1999. We completed our initial public offering in February 2000. On December 27, 2018, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment with Corporations Canada changing its name from Strata Oil & Gas Inc. to Strata Power Corporation.

The Company operates in the oil and gas industry with a focus on Canada’s heavy oil and carbonate-hosted bitumen deposits. As of December 31, 2017,2020, the Company has a 100%partial interest in 567 oil sands leases, totaling 8,704 hectares, all located in the Peace River oil sands area, totaling 58,368 hectares. Thearea. In addition, the Company has a royalty interest in 10 oil sands leases and owns 3 non-producing wells on these leases.wells. The Company also has a Metallic and Industrial Minerals Permit in Alberta, totaling 9,800 hectares.

Continuance to Canada

We are presently incorporated under the Canada Business Corporations Act. On April 22, 2003, the Company filed a registration statement to affect a continuation of our corporate jurisdiction from the State of Nevada to Canada on Form S-4 with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The Form S-4 was declared effective on or about July 7, 2004. On September 13, 2004, Strata filed a Form 8-A with the SEC registering its class of common shares under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act.

Discontinued Operations

Until the end of June 2005, the Company had developed software that was designed to allow users to interface and manage databases and customer relationships. On June 29, 2005, a majority of the Company’s shareholders approved a change in the business of the Company from software development to oil and gas exploration.

B. Business Overview

Refer to Item 4.A “History and Development of Strata Oil & Gas Inc."Power Corporation" for information regarding the Company’s history and business activities.

Business Description

The Company currently has interests in oil sands properties located in the Peace River oil sands region in Northern Alberta, Canada.

The Company is currently engaged in the acquisition, exploration and if warranted and feasible development of heavy oil projects in the Peace River oil sands region. However, there is no assurance that a commercially viable oil project will be developed on any of its land holdings. Further analysis and testing isare required before a final evaluation as to the economic and technical feasibility of the projects is determined.

As of December 31, 2017,2020, the Company has a 100%partial interest in 567 oil sands leases, totaling 8,704 hectares, all located in the Peace River oil sands area, totaling 58,368 hectares. Thearea. In addition, the Company has a royalty interest in 10 oil sands leases and owns 3 non-producing wells on these leases.wells. The Company also has a Metallic and Industrial Minerals Permit in Alberta, totaling 9,800 hectares.

Material Effects of Government Regulation

The Crown owns and controls the mineral and hydrocarbon rights on Alberta lands and therefore the development, production and sale of oil in Alberta is subject to the laws and regulations of the Crown. The Crown makes available these rights on a lease basis and therefore, the oil sands leases held by the Company are on lands which are owned by the Crown and controlled by its agency, the Alberta Energy Regulator (AER). In order to maintain its oil sands leases, the Company must make significant expenditures on an annual basis to the Crown and also comply with its regulations. Matters subject to regulation include but are not limited to:

Under the Crown’s laws and regulations, the Company could be liable for personal injuries, property damage, oil spills, discharge of hazardous materials, remediation and clean-up costs and other environmental damages. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations could result in the suspension or termination of our operations and subject us to penalties. Moreover, these laws and regulations could change in ways that substantially affect our costs. Accordingly, any liabilities, penalties, suspensions, terminations or regulatory changes could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations which could potentially force us to cease our business operations.

Seasonality, Dependency upon Patents, Licenses, Contracts, Processes, Sources and Availability of Raw Materials

Certain of the Company’s properties are in remote locations and subject to significant temperature variations and changes in working conditions. It may not be possible to actively explore the Company’s properties in Alberta throughout the year due to changes in the weather. If exploration is pursued during certain seasons of the year, the Company may incur additional costs to address issues relating to weather.

Shortages or an increase in the cost of operational services including drilling rig services, equipment, supplies or personnel could delay or interrupt our operations, which could impact our financial condition and results of operations. Drilling activity in the geographic areas in which we conduct operations may increase, which may lead to increases in associated costs, including those related to operational services. Increased drilling activity in these areas may also decrease the availability of operational services. We do not have any contracts with providers of operational services and therefore we may not be able to obtain these services when we need them. Therefore, our operational costs may increase, and necessary equipment and services may not be available to us at current prices.

COMPETITION

The oil industry is intensely competitive and subject to rapid change. We compete with many exploration and production companies which have significantly greater personnel, financial, managerial and technical resources which impacts our ability to compete successfully in the industry.

C. Organizational Structure

The Company is not part of a group and has no subsidiaries.

D. Property, Plant and Equipment

CORPORATE OFFICES

We do not own any real property. Our corporate offices are located at 10010 - 98 Street, PO Box 7770, Peace River, Alberta T8S 1T3.500 – 4^th Avenue SW Suite 2500, Calgary, AB T2P 2V6. We believe that the facilities will be adequate for the foreseeable future.

OIL SANDS LEASES

As of December 31, 2017,2020, the Company has a 100%partial interest in 567 oil sands leases, and a royalty interest in 10 oil sands leases, all located in the Peace River oil sands area, totaling 58,3688,704 hectares. The Company also owns 3 non-producing wells on these leases.wells.

Oil Sands Background

“Oil Sands” refers to either unconsolidated, bitumen-saturated sands or bitumen-saturated carbonate-rock. Bitumen refers to a heavy, viscous crude oil that generally does not flow under natural reservoir conditions. As a result, it cannot be recovered from a conventional well in the way lighter oil is most often produced. The oil sands in Alberta are contained in three major areas in Alberta.

According to the Alberta Energy Regulator (AER), Alberta's oil sands are the third-largest proven crude oil reserve in the world, with total proven reserves of 166 billion barrels, and total recent production of up to 2.4 million barrels per day.

These deposits contain a significant amount of oil but only in recent decades has commercial production become economic. Extraction of oil from oil sands requires the input of significant amounts of thermal energy or other technology. There are two main types of oil sands production methods: surface mining and in-situ. Surface mining is accomplished using an open pit operation whereby the oil sands are excavated and trucked to a processing facility. For oil sands reservoirs too deep to support surface mining, a technique known as in-situ recovery is utilized. In-situ production recovers the oil through a well and utilizes thermal energy or other technologies to reduce the viscosity of the bitumen to allow it to flow to the well bore. There are some oil sands reservoirs where primary or “cold” production is possible. The oil in these reservoirs is light enough to flow to the well without thermal treatment, utilizing either vertical or horizontal wells.

Carboniferous Oil Sands

Carbonate oil sands, or carbonate-hosted bitumen, are unconventional resources that remain almost untapped. While much is known about Alberta’s vast sands-hosted bitumen resources, less is understood about a bitumen resource of similar magnitude which is hosted in carbonate rock directly beneath the sands. According to a report by Petroleum Technology Alliance Canada (PTAC), 26% of Alberta’s bitumen resources are contained in carbonate rather than sand formations. They are located in a roughly triangular 70,000 square-kilometer area of Alberta informally known as the Carbonate Triangle. The basic difference between sands and carbonates is that the former is bitumen mixed with unconsolidated sand, which can be either mined or produced from wells, whereas the latter is bitumen in carbonate rock. Currently, only pilot production of carbonate-hosted bitumen has taken place.

The Company has focused a portion of its efforts on the exploration and development of carbonate-hosted bitumen rather than just focusing on sand-hosted bitumen. The Company believes Alberta’s carbonate-hosted bitumen reservoirs represent an enormous and relatively untapped resource. The optimal means for producing bitumen from carbonates is still being studied, and there is unlikely to be a single Alberta-wide strategy for production. Cold production may be possible in some areas although in most cases production will require an in-situ treatment. Various technologies have been tested including similar technologies to those employed in the oil sands (cyclic steam, SAGD, and solvents.). There are several techniques which may prove to be effective. The Company is in the process of determining the most efficient means of producing bitumen from our projects.

Planned Work by the Company for 20182021

The Company plans to continue focusing its resources on the analysis and development of its Peace River oil sands properties.

PEACE RIVER OIL SANDS LEASES

Acquisition of Interest

The Company has entered into a series of leases in multiple transactions with the Province of Alberta in the Peace River area of Alberta, Canada (the “Peace River Properties”). Some of the leases were acquired through a public auction process that requires the Company to submit sealed bids for land packages being auctioned by the provincial government. Upon being notified that it has submitted the highest bid for a specific land parcel, the Company immediately pays the Crown the bid price and enters into a formal lease agreement. The bid price includes the first year’s minimum annual lease payments. The remainder of the leases were acquired by third parties, however, all the Company’s leases are leased directly with the Crown.

The Peace River Properties consist of a total of 58,3689,728 hectares of land in a region of northern Alberta known as the Peace River oil sands region. The leases are subject to royalties payable to the Government of Alberta. Alberta's oil sands royalty regime operates on the principle of revenue minus cost. Royalty is paid at one of two rates, depending on the project’s status. The deciding factor is the project’s payout date.A project has “reached payout” once its cumulative revenues have exceeded its cumulative costs. Before the payout date, the applicable royalty is 1% of the project’s gross revenue. This low rate recognizes the high costs, long lead times and high risks associated with oil sands investment. It prevents undue strain on the developer’s financial resources during the most critical, start-up stages of the project. After the payout date, the applicable royalty is the greater of 1% of the project’s gross revenue or 25% of the net revenue for the period.

Location

The Peace River Properties are located in the Peace River oil sands region in Alberta approximately 40 to 50 kilometers away from the town of Peace River, in both the Cadotte Lake area and also the Reno area.

Peace River Projects

The Peace River properties (hereinafter referred to as “Cadotte West”, “Cadotte Central”, “Cadotte East”, the “Cadotte Leases” and the “Reno Leases”) are comprised of 567 oil sands leases with the Government of the Province of Alberta, Canada.  All of the leases are for an initial 15-year term (and may then be converted to non-expiring leases) and require minimum annual lease payments to the Crown. Each lease grants the Company the right to explore for, develop and produce hydrocarbons from the geological formations described in each lease.

Regional Geology

The Peace River Cretaceous clastic reservoir consists of a complex stratigraphy similar in nature to the Athabasca Deposit to the east. These are thought to comprise estuarine systems where the best reservoirs are contained in tidal inlet and barrier sands. Secondary reservoir targets may be tidal delta, bayhead delta, tidal channel, and tidal flat sands. The Peace River Carboniferous reservoir consists of platform sediments with relatively few reef building organisms. Structurally, the Peace River strata dip to the southwest and the elevation of the bitumen-bearing interval lies between 50 and 100 meters below sea level or at a depth of between 680 to 790 meters below the surface.

Property Geology (Cadotte Leases)

Strata has focused its efforts on the bitumen and heavy oil resources contained in the Debolt/Elkton carbonate Carboniferous Formation and the Bluesky/Gething clastic Cretaceous Formation in the Cadotte and Reno areas.area.

The nature of the geology of the carbonate sequence in the Cadotte area has a significant influence on the distribution of the bitumen resource. The principal reference source for this section is the Alberta Research Council’s publication, “Geological Atlas of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin”. The sequence that hosts the bitumen deposits is the Rundle Group of Lower Carboniferous age. The Rundle Group in this area includes three stratigraphic units which, in ascending order, are the Pekisko, Shunda and Debolt Formations. From place-to-place the Debolt Formation may also include another distinct unit, the Elkton Member. In the Cadotte area, the Elkton Member is usually present, as long as the overlying unconformity with the Cretaceous sequence has not eroded the entire Debolt Formation sequence. Although there are many intervals that are bitumen enriched in the Rundle sequence in the Cadotte area, the principal enrichment zones occur in the Elkton Member, the upper half of the Debolt but usually not right at the top of the formation and, to a lesser extent, in the Shunda Formation. The high gradehigh-grade zones of enrichment are those that occur in the Elkton Member and the Debolt Formation.

A Cretaceous clastic sequence that includes the Gething and Bluesky Formations at the base, unconformably overlies the Carboniferous rocks in this area. All the beds dip gently to the west with those lying below the unconformity having a somewhat greater dip than those above it. This causes the sequence below the unconformity to be eroded to a greater degree to the east and to be less complete, compared with the west. These westerly dips may be the result of post-depositional tectonic events and may not reflect the original orientation of the accumulation of sediment. The Carboniferous sequence of the Rundle assemblage is believed to have accumulated as a result of a series of prograding events that developed in a southerly to southwesterly direction.

The Carboniferous sequence mainly includes platform sediments that show generally shallower-water characteristics up-section. In a basinward direction the depositional facies proceed from beach and lagoonal environments through shoals of the shelf margin to marine basin muds. The lithologies that result include high energy siliciclastics of the beach environment, through various types of carbonates on the platform and its slope to shale in the deep marine environment. There even appear to be beds present that have the character of unconsolidated coarse sediments. Several transgressive events therefore resulted in the accumulation of clastic sediments interbedded with carbonate units.

The carbonate units included relatively few reef building organisms and thus there was little tendency for irregular geological bodies such as reefs to form in this sequence in this area. From one well to the next the regular nature of the deposition that took place at this time is apparent and it is relatively easy to show the correlation that exists between the same units in adjacent wells in the target area. This feature of regular bed continuity is in strong contrast to the variability of the clastic units of the overlying Cretaceous sequence as seen in the Athabasca region.

It is also noteworthy that the bitumen enrichment is strongly influenced by the bedded nature and continuity of the sediments. It is readily possible in many cases to show the same details of the enriched sequence in adjacent wells even when they are spaced a kilometer or more apart. This has a strong impact on the selection of data separation distances for the classification of resources; in this sequence an equivalent assurance of existence is achieved with much wider spacing of wells than that used in the classification of bitumen resources for the Cretaceous surface mineable oil sands deposits near Fort McMurray in the Athabasca region of Alberta.

Previous Work

During the winter drill season of 2006 – 2007, Strata drilled four wells on the Cadotte leases. Three of these wells were within the Cadotte Central Target Area and one was ineast of the Cadotte East leases.Central Target Area. Three wells were drilled with cores in the Cadotte Central Target Area, two of which were cased allowing for production testing with the ability to re-enter these wells for future testing. The other well was abandoned due to drilling fluid losses during drilling which did not allow the well to be cased for testing in the future. The fourth well drilled in the Cadotte Easteastern location was cored and cased. The cores of all of these wells were tested and examined in a laboratory in Calgary. The results of these tests were that cold production was not viable. However, the results indicated that the bitumen would flow at approximately 85°C. These results will allow the Company to explore different means of extraction in addition to steam.

Former leaseholders have drilled wells on and around the Company’s Cadotte and Reno areas.lease area. Geophysical well logs are of variable quality but generally consist of a full suite of tools to evaluate the potential reservoirs. With respect to available drilling data, the leases of the Cadotte area are drilled at an average spacing of one well per section. However, not all the existing wells were drilled to investigate the sequence located on the Company’s Cadotte leases. The effective average spacing with wells that have penetrated the Carboniferous sequence is approximately 0.8 wells per section. This spacing is from twenty-three wells on or immediately adjacent to the leases. There are an additional two hundred nineteen wells in the surrounding area, the data from which has also been referenced and inspected by the Company to assist with its evaluation of the Cadotte leases.

However, the quality of the data from the wells of different vintage is quite variable. Several of the wells were drilled in the 1950’s. The drilling records and logs for these wells are sometimes poor or absent or they may be less complete than those of more recently drilled wells. A database search was done to identify higher quality data which was restricted to wells drilled since 1970 and this, plus the new Strata wells was used as the primary reference data. A total of eighteen wells of this vintage are located on or immediately adjacent to the Cadotte lease blocks. The well log data from these wells is the primary source of information on the leases available for Strata’s evaluations but this is supplemented by high quality data from a further thirty-nine more distant wells in the area.

In the United States, registrants, including foreign private issuers like us, are required to disclose proved reserves using the standards contained in Rule 4-10(a) of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) Regulation S-X. The Company has no proved reserves at this time.

Cadotte Central and Cadotte West

The Company completed the drilling of its first four wells in the winter drilling season of 2006 – 2007 and engaged Norwest Corporation (“Norwest”) of Calgary, Alberta, Canada to assist Strata with the planning and undertaking of its exploration of the Cadotte leases. Subsequently, Strata completed the following technical reports relating to these leases:

Evaluation of In-Place Bitumen Resources – Cadotte Central Leases (August 16, 2007) [Norwest]

Preliminary Feasibility Study of the Cadotte Central Leases (February 29, 2008) [Norwest Questa]

Pilot Projects: Carbonate-Hosted Bitumen Deposits in Alberta (July 17, 20082008) [Norwest]

Cadotte Central Resource Reclassification(Upgrade) (April 28, 2010) [Norwest]

Evaluation of Bitumen Resources Cadotte Central and West Leases(May 10, 2013) [Norwest]

These studies were designed to comply with the requirements of National Instrument 51-101 and the resource classification scheme and criteria elaborated in Volume 1, of the Canadian Oil and Gas Evaluation Handbook (“COGEH”) at the time they were authored. However, since that time, COGEH standards have been modified and therefore Strata is no longer permitted to publicize the contents of these reports under Canadian Securities Regulations.

In the United States, registrants, including foreign private issuers like us, are required to disclose proved reserves using the standards contained in Rule 4-10(a) of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) Regulation S-X. The Company has no proved reserves at this time.

Subsequent to these studies, Strata completed additional analyses including a study entitled “Debolt Core Description and Interpretation” by Dr. Hans G. Machel, and also a seismic study by Norwest entitled “Seismic Study of Cadotte Leases” to evaluate land to the west of the Cadotte West propertylease area for heavy-oil recovery using cold production.

The latter study utilized existing well and seismic data and focused on different physical properties and technical aspects related to the identification of pools and fields on Strata’s Cadotte West lands.fields. The initial interpretation of the geological structure at Cadotte West resulted in the identification of cold production targets which were then validated by seismic data. The Company's technical team subsequently identified multiple drilling locations in order to test the extent to which the Bluesky Formation at Cadotte West has the fluid properties which permit the use of primary production methods.

In late 2014,2018, Strata commenced initial planningcompleted the following technical report relating to a portion of its oil sands leases:

Evaluation of Bitumen Resources, Cadotte Lease Blocks (November 19, 2018) [Gustavson Associates]

This study was prepared according to National Instrument 51-101 and permitting activities needed to develop a drill programthe resource classification scheme and continue exploration of the identified targets for the Cadotte West property. The Company engaged specialized third party service provider(s) to assist with the development of a drill program which included the submission of an Oil Sands Exploration plan, the ("OSE") to the Crown. Elements of an OSE application include, but are not limited to, mapping and locating services, sensitive areas, wildlife zones, historical workcriteria elaborated in the area, site access, environmental services, exploration operations detail,Canadian Oil and stake holder consultation and project management services. The OSE program approval was received in February 2015 granting the Company two years from the date of issue to conduct its exploration program. Due to the oil market, the Company has not carried out its drilling program. At any point, the Company may update and resubmit its OSE plan to the Crown.Gas Evaluation Handbook (COGEH v. 2 - section 2.5.5, p. 2-71).

Planned Work by the Company for 20182021

When adequate funding can be assembled, Strata intends to proceed with further evaluation of its drill exploration program and identified targets to test for cold production.targets. The Company expects the short and long term funding of our oil and gas operations to be financed as in the past through equity in the form of private placements and warrant exercises. In addition, we continue to work with potential partners to discuss potential funding arrangements which could facilitate the furtherance of our drill program.

Item 4A. Unresolved Staff Comments

Not applicable.

Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition ("MD&A") and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the accompanying audited financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019 and 2015.2018. These reports are presented in United States dollars and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, referred to in this Annual Report as US GAAP.

Certain statements contained in the MD&A and elsewhere in this Annual Report constitute forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements involve a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements which speak only as of the date the financial statements were made and readers are advised to consider such forward-looking statements in light of the risks set forth both below and prior in this report.

A. Operating Results

The following table sets forth a summary of our audited statement of operations for the fiscal years indicated:

REVENUES

The Company did not earn any revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019 and 2015.2018. We do not anticipate earning revenues until such time as we have entered into commercial production of our oil and gas properties. We can provide no assurance that we will discover commercially exploitable levels of oil or gas resources on our properties, or if such resources are discovered, that we will enter into commercial production of our oil and gas properties.

Year ended December 31, 20172020 compared to the year ended December 31, 20162019

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

In 2016 and 2017, the Company focused its efforts on the acquisition of a portfolio of oil sands leases in the Cadotte and Reno areas of the Peace River. The leases totaled 39,680 hectares, more than doubling the Company’s holdings.

The Reno leases are contiguous with Baytex Energy’s lease block, an area that hosts extensive primary production of heavy oil. The other major contiguous lease blocks are held by Koch Exploration.

The Cadotte leases we acquired are contiguous with our existing Cadotte holdings or nearby. The area hosts extensive thermal production of bitumen, including CNRL’s adjacent Peace River Thermal Complex.

The Company has thoroughly analyzed the entire property portfolio and prioritized the highest potential primary production targets.

During the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019 and 2015,2018, we had net incomeloss of $279,961, a$22,959, net loss of ($7,332,474)$219,343 and net income of $2,753,593,$14,012, respectively. InDue to the current year we recognized a non-cash charge on impairmentweak condition in the Alberta heavy oil sector, the Company has limited their activity of $164,566 ofthe oil & gas properties. ForDuring the years ended December 31, 20162020, 2019 and 2015,2018, we recognized an impairment expenseoil & gas properties expenses of $7,831,570$38,069, $180,481 and $nil,$137,329, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, management determined to fully impair its unproved oil and gas properties. We did not recognize an impairment in 2015.

For the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019 and 2015,2018, we recognized operating expenses, excluding the oil and gas impairment charge,properties expense, of $136,771, $87,783$31,914, $85,857 and $283,731,$88,235, respectively. The decrease in operatingOperating expenses from 20152019 to 2016 of $195,948 is2020 decreased $53,943 primarily due to an approximate $123,000 decrease in consulting fees as consulting fees during 2016 were capitalized as exploration costs as part of oil and gas properties. Operating expenses also decreased an approximate $45,000 due to no losses recognized in the year ended December 31, 2016 relating to the disposal of oil and gas properties. Further, operating expenses decreased an approximate $12,000 and $7,000 due to a decrease in office expenses and asset retirement accretion expense, respectively,consulting fees, due to lessthe limited activity during the year from the general slow-down inof the oil and& gas industry. Operating expenses from 2016 to 2017 increased $48,988 primarily due to an increase in consulting fees.properties stated above.

INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)

During the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the company sold some of its oil sands lease blocks to unrelated third parties. These sales resulted in gains of $29,437 and $44,569, respectively, that are included in other income (expense). Included in other income (expense) for the year ended December 31, 2017,2018, is a gain of $538,826$207,101 relating to the change in fair value of derivative liability resulting from a decrease in the fair value of the derivative liability off-set by the issuance of common stock warrants.liability. The decrease in derivative liability was the result of a decrease in the Company’s stock price at December 31, 20172018 compared to 2016.2017 and the expiration of a significant amount of warrants. See Note 5 of the Financial Statements for more on the change in the derivative liability. The Company determined the fair value of the derivative liability to be $273,170 as of December 31, 2017 based on an acceptable valuation model.

Included in other income (expense) for the year ended December 31, 2016, is a gain of $584,880 relating to the change in fair value of derivative liability resulting from a decrease in the fair value of the derivative liability off-set by the issuance of common stock warrants. The decrease in derivative liability was the result of a decrease in the Company’s stock price at December 31, 2016 compared to 2015. See Note 5 of the Financial Statements for more on the change in the derivative liability. The Company determined the fair value of the derivative liability to be $779,796 as of December 31, 2016 based on an acceptable valuation model.

B. Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2017,2020, we had $18,591$21,717 in cash, an increase of $10,710$17,160 from December 31, 2016.2019. Management estimates that the Company will require approximately $525,000$115,000 to fund planned operations for the next twelve months. Therefore, current cash on hand is not sufficient to fund planned operations for 2018.2021. Our policy is to pay all operational expenses when due, provided that the vendor, in the normal course of business, has satisfied all necessary conditions for payment.

We have no long-term debt. In 20182021, our capital requirements will mostly be associated with the maintenance of our lease payments to the Crown.payments. Going forward we expect the short and long termlong-term funding of our oil and gas operations to be financed primarily through equity issuance in the form of private placements and the exercise of warrants. In addition, we continue to work with potential partners to discuss funding arrangements which would facilitate furtherance of our property interests. We believe that our available cash may not be sufficient to fund our working capital requirements to maintain, explore and develop our property interests for the next twelve months. We cannot be certain that any required additional financing will be available on terms favorable to us as the risky nature of this enterprise and lack of tangible assets places debt financing beyond the credit-worthiness required by most banks or typical investors of corporate debt until such time as the economic viability of our oil sands properties can be demonstrated. If additional funds are raised by the issuance of our equity securities, existing stockholders will experience dilution of their ownership interest. If adequate funds are not available or not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to continue, fund expansion, pursue further development nor respond to competitive pressures.

Net cash used inprovided by (used in) operating activities during the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019 and 20152018 was $14,429, $18,024($19,861), $125,128 and $214,127,$48,422, respectively. The decreaseincrease in cash usedprovided by operations in operating activities2019 and 2018 was primarily duea result of monies received from a related party by common director of $190,000 and $110,000, respectively, in exchange for future royalties on the gross production of Vanadium Oxide. See Note 8 to a decrease in operating expense during the three years.financial statement footnotes.

Cash used inprovided by (used in) investing activities during the years ended December 31, 2017, 20162020, 2019 and 20152018 was $85,303, $199,121$28,555, ($137,917) and $120,949,($138,994), respectively. During 2017,For 2020, cash was provided from the company acquired an additional 45 oilsands leases by entering into two purchase and sale agreements. During 2016, the Company acquired an additional 45of oil and gas properties leases for a totalleases. For 2019 and 2018, cash used in investing activities primarily related to the acquisition of 45,680 hectares in Northern Alberta, Canada.oil and gas interests. See Note 6 to the financial statements for more information.

The Company generated net cash inflows from financing activities of $223,000 compared to $248,114 in 2015 The$5,000, $0 and $100,000 for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. During 2020, the Company raised $223,000 infunds from the exercise of $5,000 of stock options and warrants. During 2018, the Company raised funds from a series of private placements during 2016.of $100,000. See Note 9 to the financial statements for more information.

We had cash of $18,591$21,717 as of December 31, 2017.2020. We anticipate that we will incur the following expenditures through the end of our next fiscal year:

We are an exploration stage company, with limited operating history, which raises substantial doubt as to our ability to successfully develop profitable business operations and makes an investment in our common shares very risky.

Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered in establishing a business in the oil and natural gas industries. We have yet to generate any revenues from operations. There is nothing at this time on which to base an assumption that our business operations will prove to be successful or that we will ever be able to operate profitably. Our future operating results will depend on many factors, including:

If capital is not available to fund future operations, we will not be able to pursue our business plan and operations would come to a halt and our common shares would be nearly worthless.

Cash on hand is not sufficient to fund our anticipated operating needs for the next twelve months. We will require substantial additional capital to participate in the development of our properties which have not had any production of oil or natural gas as well as for acquisition and/or development of other producing properties. Because we currently do not have any cash flow from operations, we need to raise additional capital, which may be in the form of loans from current shareholders and/or from private equity offerings. Our ability to access capital will depend on our success in participating in properties that are successful in exploring for and producing oil and gas at profitable prices. It will also be dependent upon the status of the capital markets at the time such capital is sought. Should sufficient capital not be available, the development of our business plan could be delayed and, accordingly, the implementation of our business strategy would be adversely affected. In such event it would not be likely that investors would obtain a profitable return on their investments or a return of their investments at all.

Volatility of oil and gas prices and markets could make it more difficult for us to achieve profitability and less likely for investors in our common shares to receive a return on their investment.

Our ability to achieve profitability is substantially dependent on prevailing prices for natural gas and oil. The amounts and price obtainable for any oil and gas production that we achieve will be affected by market factors beyond our control. If these factors are not favorable over time to our financial interests, it is likely that owners of our common shares will lose their investments. Such factors include:

The potential profitability of oil and gas properties is dependent upon many factors beyond our control. For instance, world prices and markets for oil and gas are unpredictable, highly volatile, potentially subject to governmental fixing, pegging, controls or any combination of these and other factors, as well as responsive to changes in domestic, international, political, social, and economic environments. Additionally, due to worldwide economic uncertainty, the availability and cost of funds for production and other expenses have become increasingly difficult, if not impossible, to project. These changes and events may materially affect our financial performance.

Critical Accounting Estimates:

The preparation of the Company's financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions regarding future events. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities.

The Company follows the full cost method of accounting for natural gas and oil operations. Under the full cost method, all costs incurred in the acquisition, exploration and development of natural gas and oil reserves are initially capitalized into cost centers on a country-by-country basis. The Company’s current cost centers are located in Canada. Such costs include land acquisition costs, geological and geophysical expenditures, carrying charges on non-producing properties, costs of drilling and overhead charges directly related to acquisition, exploration and development activities.

Costs capitalized, together with the costs of production equipment, are depleted and amortized on the unit-of-production method based upon the estimated net proved reserves, as determined by independent petroleum engineers. The percentage of total reserve volumes produced during the year is multiplied by the net capitalized investment plus future estimated development costs in those reserves. Costs of acquiring and evaluating unproved properties are initially excluded from depletion calculations. These unevaluated properties are assessed periodically to ascertain whether an impairment has occurred. When proved reserves are assigned or the property is considered to be impaired, the cost of the property or the amount of the impairment is added to costs subject to depletion calculations.

Under full cost accounting rules, capitalized costs, less accumulated amortization and related deferred income taxes shall not exceed an amount (the ceiling) equal to the sum of: (i) the after tax present value of estimated future net revenues computed by applying current prices of oil and gas reserves to estimated future production of proved oil and gas reserves as of the date of the latest balance sheet presented, less estimated future expenditures (based on currents costs) to be incurred in developing and producing the proved reserves computed using a discount factor of ten percent and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions; (ii) the cost of properties not being amortized; and (iii) the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproven properties included in the costs being amortized. If unamortized costs capitalized within a cost center, less related deferred income taxes, exceed the ceiling, the excess shall be charged to expense and separately disclosed during the period in which the excess occurs. Amounts required to be written off shall not be reinstated for any subsequent increase in the cost center ceiling.

Estimates of undiscounted future cash flows that we use for conducting impairment tests are subject to significant judgment decisions based on assumptions of highly uncertain future factors, such as crude oil and natural gas prices, production quantities, estimates of recoverable reserves, and production and transportation costs. Given the significant assumptions required and the strong possibility that actual future factors will differ, we consider the impairment test to be a critical accounting procedure.

In accordance with ASC 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations, the fair value of an asset retirement cost, and corresponding liability, should be recorded as part of the cost of the related long-lived asset and subsequently allocated to expense using a systematic and rational method. The Company has recorded an asset retirement obligation at December 31, 20172020 and 20162019 (Note 7) to reflect its legal obligations related to future abandonment of its oil and gas interests using estimated expected cash flow associated with the obligation and discounting the amount using a credit-adjusted, risk-free interest rate. At least annually, the Company will reassess the obligation to determine whether a change in any estimated obligation is necessary. The Company will evaluate whether there are indicators that suggest the estimated cash flows underlying the obligation have materially changed. Should those indicators suggest the estimated obligation has materially changed the Company will accordingly update its assessment.

Management has made significant assumptions and estimates determining the fair market value of stock-based compensation granted to employees and non-employees. These estimates have an effect on the stock-based compensation expense recognized and the contributed surplus and share capital balances on the Company’s Balance Sheet. The value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. To date, all of our stock option grants have been to non-employees. Increases in our share price will likely result in increased stock option compensation expense. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires the input of subjective assumptions, including the expected term of the option award and stock price volatility. The expected term of options granted for the purposes of the Black-Scholes calculation is the term of the award since all grants are to non-employees. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. An expected forfeiture rate of $Nil was used in the recognition of compensation expense for those options not yet vested at December 31, 20172020 and 2016.2019.

These accounting policies are applied consistently for all years presented. Our operating results would be affected if other alternatives were used. Information about the impact on our operating results is included in the notes to our financial statements.

Valuation of Derivative Instruments

US GAAP requires that embedded derivative instruments be bifurcated and assessed, along with free-standing derivative instruments such as warrants and stock-options to determine whether they should be considered a derivative liability and subject to re-measurement at their fair value. Warrants with such provisions will no longer be recorded to equity. The Company has issued freestanding warrants that are accounted for as derivative instrument liabilities because they are exercisable in a currency other than the functional currency of the Company and thus do not meet the “fixed-for-fixed” criteria of ASC 815-40-15. The warrants are exercisable in United States dollars and the Company’s functional currency is the Canadian dollar. In estimating the appropriate fair value, the Company uses a Black-Scholes option pricing model.

Inflation

We operate in Canada only, where inflation for our operational costs is at low levels (i.e. in the 2%-5% range).

Impact of Foreign Currency Fluctuations

Primarily we hold our cash reserves in Canadian dollars. We incur the majority of our expenses and capital expenditures in Canadian dollars, however; we do have US transactions and therefore, an increase or decrease in the value of the Canadian dollar versus the U.S. dollar would have an effect on us. The Company also translates its financial statements from Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes. Changes in the in the value of the Canadian dollar versus the U.S. dollar will have a direct impact on the financial information reported by the Company.

Government Policies

We are subject to regulations of the Government of Canada and the Government of Alberta and British Columbia. Such regulations may relate directly and indirectly to our operations including production, marketing and sale of hydrocarbons, royalties, taxation, environmental matters and other factors. There is no assurance that the laws relating to our operations will not change in a manner that may materially and adversely affect us, however, there has been no material impact on us from changes in such laws in the past three fiscal periods.

C. Research and development, patents and licenses, etc.

See Item 4.B. “Business Overview”.

D. Trends Information

There are no known trends other than those previously disclosed in this report.

E. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 20172020 and December 31, 20162020 or as of the date of this report.

F. Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations

The following table outlines contractual obligations at December 31, 2017.2020.