As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on February 2, 2022.23, 2024
Registration No. 333-[ ]333-277070
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Amendment No. 1
To
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
| 20-3672603 | ||
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
12300 Grant Street
Thornton, CO80241
(720) (720) 872-5000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Victor Lee
Jin Jo
Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.
12300 Grant Street
Thornton, Colorado 80241
(720) 872-5000
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
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| James H. Carroll, Esq. | Ralph V. Martino, Esq. | |
| Marc E. Rivera, Esq. | ||
| Carroll Legal LLC | ArentFox Schiff L.L.P. | |
| 1449 Wynkoop Street, Suite 507 | 1717 K Street NW | |
| Denver, CO 80202 | Washington, DC 20006 | |
| (303) 888-4859
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| (202) 857-6000 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement is declared effective.Registration Statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, of 1933 check the following box. ☒
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,”filer” and “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):Act:
Large accelerated filer |
| ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | ||
Non-accelerated filer |
| ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ☒ | ||
| Emerging growth company | ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until thethis Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information contained in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and iswe are not soliciting an offeroffers to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Preliminary Prospectus, Subject to Completion, dated February 23, 2024 |
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ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
[●] Shares of Common StockUP TO 4,654,771 UNITS CONSISTING OF
Common Warrants to purchase up to [●] Shares of Common StockONE SHARE OF COMMON STOCK,
Underwriter Warrants to purchase up to [●] Shares of Common StockOR ONE PRE-FUNDED WARRANT TO PURCHASE ONE SHARE OF COMMON STOCK, AND
ONE WARRANT TO PURCHASE ONE SHARE OF COMMON STOCK
We are offering for sale [●] shareson a best efforts basis up to 4,654,771 units, each consisting of our common stock, $0.0001 par value per share. Eachone share of our common stock, is being sold withpar value $0.0001 per share, and one warrant to purchase one share of common stock (“Common Warrants”) based on an assumed offering price of $0.6445 per unit, which is equal to the closing price of our common stock (the “Common Warrants”). The public offering price for each shareon the Nasdaq Capital Market on February 15, 2024. We intend to raise gross proceeds of common stock and accompanyingapproximately $3.0 million in this offering. Each Common Warrant is $[●]. The Common Warrants are immediately exercisable, atwill have an exercise price of $0.6445 per share of common stock equal(equal to $[●]100% of the public offering price of each unit sold in this offering), will be exercisable immediately, and will expire onfive years from the [five-year] anniversarydate of issuance. The
We are also offering to each purchaser of units that would otherwise result in the purchaser’s beneficial ownership exceeding 4.99% of our outstanding common stock immediately following the consummation of this offering the opportunity to purchase units consisting of one pre-funded warrant (in lieu of one share of common stock) (“Pre-Funded Warrant”) and one Common Warrant. A holder of pre-funded warrants will not have the right to exercise any portion of its pre-funded warrants if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, such limit may be increased to up to 9.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise. Each pre-funded warrant will be exercisable for one share of common stock. The purchase price of each unit including a Pre-Funded Warrant will be equal to the price per unit including one share of common stock, minus $0.0001, and the remaining exercise price of each Pre-Funded Warrant will equal $0.0001 per share. The Pre-Funded Warrants will be immediately exercisable (subject to the beneficial ownership cap) and may be exercised at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full. For each unit including a Pre-Funded Warrant we sell (without regard to any limitation on exercise set forth therein), the number of units including a share of common stock we are offering will be decreased on a one-for-one basis.
The shares of our common stock and Pre-Funded Warrants, if any, and the accompanying Common Warrants can only be purchased together in this offering but will be issued separately and will be immediately separable upon issuance. We are also registering the shares of common stock andissuable from time to time upon exercise of the Common Warrants are immediately separable and will be issued separately.Pre-Funded Warrants included in the units offered hereby.
Our common stock is quoted on the Pink Market maintained by OTC Markets Group (the “OTC Pink” or “OTC Markets”) under the symbol “ASTI”, although as a result of the reverse split effected as of 5:00pm Eastern Time on January 28, 2022 of the Company’s common stock, until [●], 2022, the Company’s OTC Markets Symbol has temporarily been “ASTID”. We have applied to have our common stock and our Common Warrants listedtraded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols “ASTI” and “ASTIW”, respectively, which listing is a condition to this offering. No assurance can be given that our application will be approved. Thesymbol “ASTI.” On February 15, 2024, the closing price offor our common stock, on [●], 2022 as quotedreported on the OTC PinkNasdaq Capital Market, was $[●]$0.06445 per share. You are urged to obtain current market quotations for the common stock.
The combined public offering price per share and related warrantunit will be determined between us, the underwriters and investors based on market conditions at the time of pricing and may be at a discount to the then current market price of our shares of common stock. Prior to this offering, there has been a limited publicprice. The recent market for our common stock on OTC Pink. Therefore, the assumed combined public offering price used throughout this prospectus may not be indicative of the actual combinedfinal offering price. The final public offering price.price will be determined through negotiation between us and investors based upon a number of factors, including our history and our prospects, the industry in which we operate, our past and present operating results, the previous experience of our executive officers and the general condition of the securities markets at the time of this offering.
There is no established public trading market for the Pre-Funded Warrants or Common Warrants, and we do not expect a market to develop. Without an active trading market, the liquidity of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants will be limited. In addition, we do not intend to list the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Common Warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market, any other national securities exchange or any other trading system.
We have engaged Dawson James Securities Inc. as our exclusive placement agent (“Dawson” or the “placement agent”) to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit offers to purchase our securities in this offering. The placement agent is not purchasing or selling any of the securities we are offering and is not required to arrange for the purchase or sale of any specific number or dollar amount of the securities. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to closing in this offering the actual public offering amount, placement agent’s fee, and proceeds to us, if any, are not presently determinable and may be substantially less than the total maximum offering amounts set forth above and throughout this prospectus. We have agreed to pay the placement agent the placement agent fees set forth in the table below. See “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus for more information.
Except as otherwise indicated, all share and per share information in this prospectus gives effect to the reverse stock split of the Company’s outstanding common stock, which was effected at a ratio of 1-for-5,0001-for-200 shares as of 5:00pm00 pm Eastern Time on January 28, 2022,September 11, 2023, trading for which began as of 9:30am30 am Eastern Time on January 31, 2022. However,September 12, 2023.
We are a “smaller reporting company” as defined under the federal securities laws and, as such, have elected to be subject to reduced public company reporting requirements.
| Per Unit(1) | Total | |||||||
| Public offering price | $ | $ | ||||||
| Placement Agent Fees (2) | $ | $ | ||||||
| Proceeds, before expenses, to us | $ | $ | ||||||
(1) Units consist of one share of common stock, or one Pre-Funded Warrant to purchase one share of common stock, and perone Common Warrant to purchase one share amounts in certainof common stock.
(2) In connection with this Offering, we have agreed to pay to Dawson as placement agent a cash fee equal to 7% of the documents incorporatedgross proceeds received by reference hereinus in the Offering. We have also agreed to reimburse certain expenses of Dawson which are not been adjustedincluded in the table above and to give effectissue Dawson a warrant to purchase 3% of the shares of common stock underlying the Units issued in this offering (including any shares underlying the Pre-Funded Warrants, but excluding any shares purchasable under the Common Warrants). See “Plan of Distribution” for a description of the compensation payable to the reverse stock split.placement agent.
You
We anticipate that delivery of the securities against payment will be made on or about [***], 2024.
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before buying any shares, you should understandcarefully read the discussion of material risks associated withof investing in our securities. Before making an investment, read the “Risksecurities in “Risk Factors” which beginbeginning on page 68 of this prospectus and under similar headings in other documents filed after the date hereof and incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”)nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed uponon the accuracyadequacy or adequacyaccuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Dawson James Securities Inc. |
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We have granted the underwriters an option to purchase an additional [●] shares of common stock and/or [●] additional Common Warrants from us (being up to 15% of the shares of common stock and/or up to 15% of the Common Warrants sold in this offering), in any combination thereof, at the public offering price per share and public offering price per Common Warrant, respectively, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, for thirty (30) days from the date of this prospectus.
Delivery of the shares of common stock and the Common Warrants is expected to be made on or about ________, 2022.
H.C. WAINWRIGHT & CO.
The date of this prospectus is February [***], 2022
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ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2024
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
You should rely only onNeither we nor the information provided in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus, in any prospectus supplement, or documents to which we otherwise refer you. We have notplacement agent has authorized anyone else to provide you with different information.
We have not authorized any dealer, agent or other person to give any information or to make any representationrepresentations other than those contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. You must not rely upon any information or representation not contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or an accompanyingin any free writing prospectus supplement.prepared by or on behalf ofus or to which we have referred you. We and the placement agent take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, do not constituteis an offer to sell only the units offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor doesincorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction toapplicable free writing prospectus is current only as of its date, regardless of its time of delivery or any person to whom itsale of shares of our units. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
To the extent there is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. You should not assume thata conflict between the information contained in this prospectus, on the one hand, and the information contained in any document incorporated by reference filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any prospectus supplement, is accurate on any date subsequent tothe SEC, before the date set forthof this prospectus, on the front of suchother hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus. If any statement in a document or that any information we have incorporated by reference is correct on any date subsequent to the date of theinconsistent with a statement in another document incorporated by reference even thoughhaving a later date, the statement in the document having the late date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.
No action is being taken in any jurisdiction outside the United States to permit a public offering of our units or possession or distribution of this prospectus in that jurisdiction. Persons who come into possession of this prospectus in jurisdictions outside the United States are required to inform themselves about and to observe any accompanyingrestrictions as to this public offering and the distribution of this prospectus supplementapplicable to that jurisdiction.
Unless otherwise indicated, information contained in this prospectus concerning our industry and the markets in which we operate, including our general expectations and market position, market opportunity and market share, is delivered or securitiesbased on information from our own management estimates and research, as well as from industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third-parties. Management estimates are soldderived from publicly available information, our knowledge of our industry and assumptions based on such information and knowledge, which we believe to be reasonable. Our management estimates have not been verified by any independent source, and we have not independently verified any third-party information. In addition, assumptions and estimates of our and our industry’s future performance are necessarily subject to a later date.high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in “Risk Factors.” These and other factors could cause our future performance to differ materially from our assumptions and estimates. See “Risk Factors” and “Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
We further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit to any document thatthe registration statement of which this prospectus is incorporated by reference in this prospectusa part were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made. Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.
Unless otherwise indicated,We may also provide a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement to add information to, or update or change information contained or incorporated by reference intoin, this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus concerning our industry, including our general expectations and market opportunity, is based onany applicable prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement together with the additional information from our own management estimates and research, as well as from industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Management estimates are derived from publicly available information, our knowledge of our industry and assumptions based on such information and knowledge,to which we believe to be reasonable. In addition, assumptions and estimates of our and our industry’s future performance are necessarily uncertain due to a variety of factors, including those describedrefer you in “Risk Factors” beginning on page 6the sections of this prospectus. These and other factors could cause our future performance to differ materially from our assumptions and estimates.prospectus entitled “Where You Can Find More Information.”
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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This
The following summary only highlights selected information appearingcontained elsewhere in this prospectus. As thisprospectus and in documents incorporated by reference. This summary is a summary, it doesnot complete and may not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in making an investment decision.our securities. You should read this entire prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus carefully, includingespecially the informationrisks of investing in our securities discussed under “Risk Factors”the heading “Risk Factors,” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhereincorporated by reference in this prospectus before investing. Inmaking an investment decision. Except as otherwise indicated herein or as the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus unless otherwise specified,and the termsdocuments incorporated by reference in this prospectus to “Ascent”, “Ascent Solar”, “the Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” “Ascent,” “Ascent Solar” or the “Company” mean“us” and “our” refer to Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. This prospectus includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See “Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Certain financial information contained
This prospectus includes trademarks, service marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included in this prospectus has been rounded and,are the property of their respective owners.
Except as a result, certain totals shownotherwise noted, all information in this prospectus may not equalreflects and assumes (i) no sale of Pre-Funded Warrants in this offering, which, if sold, would reduce the arithmetic sumnumber of shares of common stock that we are offering on a one-for-one basis and (ii) no exercise of the figures that shouldCommon Warrants issued in this offering.
Except as otherwise aggregate to those totals.
Allindicated, all share and per share information in this prospectus withgives effect to the exceptionreverse stock split of historical financial statements, have been adjusted to reflect:the Company’s outstanding common stock, which was effected at a ratio of 1-for-200 shares as of 5:00 pm Eastern Time on September 11, 2023, trading for which began as of 9:30 am Eastern Time on September 12, 2023.
Overview
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General
We seek to commercialize flexible photovoltaic (“PV”) modules using our proprietary, monolithic integration thin-film technology. Our proprietary manufacturing process deposits multiple layers of materials, including a thin film of highly efficient copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (“CIGS”) semiconductor material, on a flexible, lightweight, high tech plastic substrate, using a roll-to-roll manufacturing process followedwere incorporated in 2005 from the separation by laser patterning the layers to create interconnected PV cells, or PV modules, in a process known as monolithic integration. We believe that our unique technology and manufacturing process, which results in a much lighter, flexible yet durable module package, provides us with unique market opportunities relative to both the crystalline silicon (“c-Si”) based PV manufacturers that currently lead the PV market, as well as other thin film PV manufacturers that use substrate materials such as glass, stainless steel or other metals that can be heavier and more rigid than plastics. We were formed in October 2005 as a spinoff from technology incubator, ITN Energy Systems, Inc. (“ITN”), of its Advanced Photovoltaic Division and all of that division’s key personnel, core technologies, and core technologies.certain trade secrets and royalty free licenses to use in connection with the manufacturing, developing marketing, and commercializing Copper-Indium-Gallium-diSelenide (“CIGS”) photovoltaic (“PV”) products.
We are a solar technology company that manufactures and sells PV solar modules that are flexible, durable, and possess attractive power to weight and power to area performance. Our technology was initially developed at ITN beginningprovides renewable power solutions to high-value production and specialty solar markets where traditional rigid solar panels are not suitable, including aerospace, agrivoltaics, and niche manufacturing/construction sectors. We operate in 1994these target markets because they have highly specialized needs for power generation and subsequently assigned and licensedoffer attractive pricing due to us at our formation in 2005.the significant technological requirements.
We believe that the usevalue proposition of CIGS on a flexible, durable, lightweight, high-tech plastic substrate will allowAscent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in our target markets, but also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in space, aerospace and other markets. Ascent designs and develops finished products for uniqueend users in these areas and seamlesscollaborates with strategic partners to design and develop integrated solutions for products like satellites, spacecraft, airships and fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap in the needs of end users across some of these markets and believes it can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commercializing products for these customers.
The integration of our PVAscent's solar modules into a variety of applications such as aerospace, defense, transportation, electronic products, off-grid structures and building integrated, as well as other products and applications that may emerge. For markets that place a high premium on weight, such as defense, space, near space, and aeronautic markets,vehicles with ultra-lightweight and flexible solar modules is an important market opportunity for the Company. Customers in this market have historically required a high level of durability, high voltage and conversion efficiency from solar module suppliers, and we believe our materials provide attractive increases in power-to-weight ratio (specific power), and have superior specific power and voltage-to-area ratios than competing flexible PV thin-film technologies. We believe these metrics will be critical as we position ourselvesproducts are well suited to compete in challengingthis premium market and will fill a void in the satellite market with a lower cost, lighter module and a product that, if struck by an object in space, will create limited space debris.
Commercialization and Manufacturing Strategy
We manufacture our products by affixing a thin CIGS layer to a flexible, plastic substrate using a large format, roll-to-roll process that permits us to fabricate our flexible PV modules in an integrated sequential operation. We use proprietary monolithic integration techniques which enable us to form complete PV modules with little to no costly back-end assembly of inter-cell connections. Traditional PV manufacturers assemble PV modules by bonding or soldering discrete PV cells together. This manufacturing step typically increases manufacturing costs and, at times, proves detrimental to the overall yield and reliability of the finished product. By reducing or eliminating this added step, using our proprietary monolithic integration techniques, we believe we can achieve cost savings in, and increase the reliability of, our PV modules.
Advantages of CIGS on a Flexible Plastic Substrate
Thin film PV solutions differ based on the type of semiconductor material chosen to act as a sunlight absorbing layer, and also on the type of substrate on which the sunlight absorbing layer is affixed. To the best of our knowledge, we believe we are the only company in the world currently focused on commercial scale production of PV modules using CIGS on a flexible, plastic substrate with monolithic integration. We utilize CIGS as a semiconductor material because, at the laboratory level, it has a higher demonstrated cell conversion efficiency than amorphous silicon (“a-Si”) and cadmium telluride (“CdTe”). We also believe CIGS offers other compelling advantages over both a-Si and CdTe, including:
| · | CIGS versus a-Si: Although a-Si, like CIGS, can be deposited on a flexible substrate, its conversion efficiency, which already is generally much lower than that of CIGS, measurably degrades when it is exposed to ultraviolet light, including natural sunlight. To mitigate such degradation, manufacturers of a-Si solar cells are required to implement measures that add cost and complexity to their manufacturing processes. |
| · | CIGS versus CdTe: Although CdTe modules have achieved conversion efficiencies that are generally comparable to CIGS in production, we believe CdTe has never been successfully applied to a flexible substrate on a commercial scale. We believe the use of CdTe on a rigid, transparent substrate, such as glass, is unsuitable for a number of our applications. We also believe CIGS can achieve higher conversion efficiencies than CdTe in production. |
We believe our choice of substrate material further differentiates us from other thin-film PV manufacturers. We believe the use of a flexible, lightweight, insulating substrate that is easier to install provides clear advantages for our target markets, especially where rigid substrates are unsuitable. We also believe our use of a flexible, plastic substrate provides us significant cost advantages because it enables us to employ monolithic integration techniques on larger components, which we believe are unavailable to manufacturers who use flexible, metal substrates. Accordingly, we are able to significantly reduce part count, thereby reducing the need for costly back-end assembly of inter cell connections. As the only company, to our knowledge, focused on the commercial production of PV modules using CIGS on a flexible, plastic substrate with monolithic integration, we believe we have the opportunity to address the aerospace, agrivoltaic and other weight-sensitive markets with transformational high-quality, value-added product applications. It is these same unique features and our overall manufacturing process that enable us to produce extremely robust, light, and flexible products.
Competitive Strengths
We believe we possess a number of competitive strengths that provide us with an advantage over our competitors.
| · | We are a pioneer in CIGS technology with a proprietary, flexible, lightweight, high power PV thin film product that positions us to penetrate a wide range of attractive high value-added markets such as aerospace and agrivoltaics. In addition, we have provided renewable power solutions for off grid, portable power, transportation, defense, and other markets. By applying CIGS to a flexible plastic substrate, we have developed a PV module that is efficient, lightweight and flexible; with the highest power-to-weight ratio in at-scale commercially available solar. The market for space and near-space solar power application solutions, agrivoltaics, portable power systems, and transportation integrated applications represent a significant premium market for the Company. Relative to our thin film competitors, we believe our advantage in thin film CIGS on plastic technology provides us with a superior product offering for these strategic market segments. |
| · | We have the ability to manufacture PV modules for different markets and for customized applications without altering our production processes. Our ability to produce PV modules in customized shapes and sizes, or in a variety of shapes and sizes simultaneously, without interrupting production flow, provides us with flexibility in addressing target markets and product applications, and allows us to respond quickly to changing market conditions. Many of our competitors are limited by their technology and/or their manufacturing processes to a more restricted set of product opportunities. |
| · | Our integrated, roll-to-roll manufacturing process and proprietary monolithic integration techniques provide us a potential cost advantage over our competitors. Historically, manufacturers have formed PV modules by manufacturing individual solar cells and then interconnecting them. Our large format, roll-to-roll manufacturing process allows for integrated continuous production. In addition, our proprietary monolithic integration techniques allow us to utilize laser patterning to create interconnects, thereby creating PV modules at the same time we create PV cells. In so doing, we are able to reduce or eliminate an entire back end processing step, saving time as well as labor and manufacturing costs relative to our competitors. |
| · | Our lightweight, powerful, and durable solar panels provide a performance advantage over our competitors. For applications where a premium is placed on the weight and profile of the product, our ability to integrate our PV modules into portable packages offers the customer a lightweight and durable solution. |
| · | Our proven research and development capabilities position us to continue the development of next generation PV modules and technologies. Our ability to produce CIGS based PV modules on a flexible plastic substrate is the result of a concerted research and development effort that began more than 20 years ago. We continue to pursue research and development in an effort to drive efficiency improvements in our current PV modules and to work toward next generation technologies and additional applications. |
| · | Our manufacturing process can be differentiated into two distinct functions; a front-end module manufacturing process and a back-end packaging process. Our ability to produce finished unpackaged rolls of CIGS material for shipment worldwide to customers for encapsulation and integration into various products enhances our ability to work with partners internationally and domestically. |
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Markets and Marketing Strategy
We target high-value specialty solar markets including satellites, spacecraft, aerospace and agrivoltaic applications. This strategy enables us to fully leverage the unique advantages of our technology, including flexibility, durability and attractive power to weight and power to area performance. It further enables us to offer unique, differentiated solutions in large markets with less competition, and more attractive pricing.
We believe the value proposition of Ascent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in our target markets, such asbut also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in space, aerospace whereand other markets. Ascent Solardesigns and develops finished products can befor end users in these areas and collaborates with strategic partners to design and develop integrated intosolutions for products like satellites, near earth orbiting vehicles,spacecraft, airships and fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles (“UAV”).fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap in the needs of end users across some of these markets and believes it can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commercializing products for these customers.
ASTI is in early discussions with several major satellite companies, which could realize significant revenue. There is no assurance that these early discussions will ultimately lead to significant new revenue. These opportunities would require us to make further efficiency improvements to our PV cells.
Recent Developments
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation; Reverse Split
On January 28, 2022, we effected a 1:5,000 reverse stock split,
Federal Funding Opportunities
In December 2023, the Company announced that the Company is pursuing several opportunities for federal funding through the Department of Energy (“DOE”) and the numberSmall Business Administration, with determination and allocation scheduled for 2024. With applications and concept papers submitted and well-received in Q4 2023, Ascent is prepared to lead groundbreaking research primarily in agrivoltaics and in the development and manufacturing of outstanding sharesadvanced solar cells should the proposals be selected for funding. The Company plans to do this both individually as well as in partnership with like-minded industry players whose technologies and manufacturing processes complement Ascent’s own unique capabilities.
As encouraged by the DOE, Ascent applied for Silicon Solar Manufacturing and Dual-Use Photovoltaics Incubator program funding on November 14, 2023, for the development of its innovative agrivoltaic technology that would bring solar power to more remote areas around the world and optimize dual land use. The Company has also been encouraged by the DOE to further submit for a Solar Energy Technologies Office Funding Notice: Advancing U.S. Thin-Film Solar Photovoltaics, as part of a team, for advanced PV research and development that would enable future commercialization.
Improvements to CIGS-Based Solar Cells
The Company continues to improve its CIGS-based solar cells. Specifically, the Company is developing a zinc oxysulfide process. Zinc oxysulfide is used as a cadmium -free window layer to improve the efficiency of CIGS-based solar cells. The newly enhanced process will eliminate the usage of Cadmium Sulfide making it a more environmentally friendly process and product. These newly developed cells have been tested at Intellivation, LLC using our CIGS rolls and achieved 10.8% efficiency.
Perovskite Manufacturing Facility
In addition to the improvements in our CIGs-based solar cells, the Company continues to pursue Perovskite manufacturing development with partners at its Thornton facility by developing a hybrid CIGS/Perovskite PV module. Perovskites are a novel class of materials that have been recognized for their potential to increase PV power conversion efficiencies. As both films absorb and convert sunlight in their respective parts of the spectrum, the resulting single hybrid module could be tailored by using a similar approach as tandem devices but with higher efficiency and simpler construction and manufacturing process. While notable efficiency breakthroughs have been recorded in laboratories, the solar industry has been challenged to transform them into stable, high-efficiency products at industrial scale.
H.C. Wainright Lawsuit
On August 15, 2023, H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“Wainwright”) filed an action against the Company in the New York State Supreme Court in New York County. The complaint alleges a breach by the Company of an investment banking engagement letter entered into in October 2021. The Wainwright engagement letter expired in April 2022 without any financing transaction having been completed. The complaint claims that Wainright is entitled, under a “tail provision”, to an 8% fee and 7% warrant coverage on the Company’s $15 million secured convertible note financing. The complaint seeks damages of $1.2 million, 2,169.5 common stock warrants with a per share exercise price of $605, and attorney fees.
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While it is too early to predict the outcome of this legal proceeding or whether an adverse result would have a material adverse impact on our operations or financial position, we believe we have meritorious defenses and intend to defend this legal matter vigorously.
Risks associated with our business
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described in “Risk Factors” beginning on page 8 before making a decision to invest in our securities. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects would likely be materially, adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our common stock was reducedcould decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.
Going Concern Opinion
Our working capital deficiency, stockholders’ deficit, and recurring losses from operations raise substantial doubt about our ability to 4,809,248 shares.continue as a going concern. As a result, our independent registered public accounting firm included an explanatory paragraph in its report on our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 with respect to this uncertainty. Our ability to continue as a going concern will require us to obtain additional funding.
Conversion of Series 1A Convertible Preferred Stock and Convertible Promissory Notes
Immediately followingSmaller Reporting Company Status
We are a “smaller reporting company” meaning that the reverse stock split, (i) $9,200,000 aggregate principal amountmarket value of our outstanding convertible promissory notes were converted into 18,400,000 sharesstock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million and our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company if either (i) the market value of newly issued post-split commonour stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million or (ii) our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and (ii) allthe market value of our
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outstanding shares of Series 1A convertible preferred stock were converted into 7,400,000 shares of newly issued post-split common stock.
Accordingly, as of February 3, 2022, we have 30,609,249 shares of common stock outstanding.
COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic affected the Company in many ways just as the whole world experienced. These included but were not limited to:
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2020 Pause
As previously reported, Ascent was predominantly in a dormant status for much of 2020 due to financial constraints and COVID-19. Beginning in mid-2020, however, the Company engaged in several initiatives that assisted with Ascent’s restructuring. These initiatives included, but are not limited to:
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Sale of Facility
On July 29, 2020, the Company’s owned facility at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, CO 80241 (the “Building”) was foreclosedheld by the Building’s first lien holder (“Mortgage Holder”) and sold at public auction. The successful bidder for the Building was the Mortgage Holder, at the price of $7.193non-affiliates is less than $700 million. As a result,smaller reporting company, we may rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are available to smaller reporting companies. Specifically, as a smaller reporting company we may choose to present only the Company’stwo most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations to Mortgage Holderregarding executive compensation.
We have taken advantage of these reduced reporting requirements in this prospectus and all ofin the Company’s outstanding real property taxes ondocuments incorporated by reference into this prospectus. Accordingly, the Building were considered fully repaid. The company also booked approximately $3M of gaininformation contained herein may be different from the sale of the Building.information you receive from other public companies that are not smaller reporting companies.
On September 21, 2020, the Company entered into a lease agreement with 12300 Grant LLC (“Landlord”), an affiliated company of the Mortgage Holder, for approximately 100,000 rentable square feet of the Building (the “Lease”). The Lease term is for 88 months commencing on September 21, 2020 at a rent of $50,000 per month including taxes, insurance and common area maintenance until December 31, 2020. Beginning January 1, 2021, the rent adjusted to $80,000 per month on a triple net basis and shall increase at an annual rate of 3% per annum until December 31, 2027.
Corporate InformationOur corporate information
We were incorporated under the laws of Delaware in October 2005. Our principal business office is located at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, Colorado 80241, and our telephone number is (720) 872-5000. Our website address is www.AscentSolar.com. Information contained on our website or any other website does not constitute, and should not be considered, part of this prospectus.
The Offering
INFORMATION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus include forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms “believe,” “estimate,” “project,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “seek,” “predict,” “continue,” “possible,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “will,” “could,” would” or “should” or, in each case, their negative, or other variations or comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements include all matters that are not historical facts. They appear in a number of places throughout this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and include statements regarding our intentions, beliefs or current expectations concerning, among other things, our product candidates, research and development, commercialization objectives, prospects, strategies, the industry in which we operate and potential collaborations. We derive many of our forward-looking statements from our operating budgets and forecasts, which are based upon many detailed assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and, of course, it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results and may not be accurate indications of when such performance or results will be achieved. In light of these risks and uncertainties, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this prospectus may not occur and actual results could differ materially from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this prospectus. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information, except to the extent required by applicable laws. If we update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements.
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You should read this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and the documents that we reference in this prospectus and have filed with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance and events and circumstances may be materially different from what we expect. All forward-looking statements are based upon information available to us on the date of this prospectus.
By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. We caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and that our actual results of operations, financial condition, business and prospects may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. In addition, even if our results of operations, financial condition, business and prospects are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained (or incorporated by reference) in this prospectus, those results may not be indicative of results in subsequent periods.
Forward-looking statements necessarily involve risks and uncertainties, and our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements due to several factors, including those set forth below under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. The factors set forth below under “Risk Factors” and other cautionary statements made in this prospectus should be read and understood as being applicable to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this prospectus. The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus represent our judgment as of the date of this prospectus. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on such statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available or other events occur in the future. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained above and throughout this prospectus.
You should read this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and the documents that we reference in this prospectus and have filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.
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THE OFFERING
| Units offered |
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| on the Nasdaq Capital Market on February 15, 2024. We are seeking to raise gross proceeds of approximately $3.0 million in this offering. Each Common We are also offering to | ||
| Common stock to be outstanding prior to this offering | 3,793,843 shares | ||
| Common stock to be outstanding after this offering | 8,448,614 shares | ||
| Assumed public offering price per unit | $0.6445 per unit | ||
Description of Common Warrants: | The Common Warrants will be immediately exercisable on the date of issuance and expire on the five-year anniversary of the date of issuance at an assumed initial exercise price per share equal to | ||
| Upon the closing of this offering, we have agreed to issue to the placement agent warrants exercisable for a period of five years from the commencement of sales in this offering entitling the placement agent to purchase |
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| Nasdaq Capital Market Symbol | Common Stock “ASTI”. | ||
| Risk Factors | Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 7 of this prospectus for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our securities. | ||
| Best Efforts Offering | We have agreed to offer and sell the securities offered hereby to the | ||
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The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 30,609,2493,793,843 shares of our common stock outstanding as of February 3, 2022, which assumes or gives effect to:15, 2024, and excludes:
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Unless otherwise indicated, all information contained in this prospectus, including the number of our5,596,232 shares of common stock that will be outstanding after this offering, excludes:
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| · | 107,179 shares of common stock | |
| · | 7,076 shares of common stock | |
| · | 2,054,995 shares reserved for issuance upon the conversion of our outstanding senior secured convertible notes and conversions payable related to the | |
| · | 525,000 shares of common stock reserved for issuance under our new 2023 Equity Incentive Plan, | |
| · | 139,643 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of the placement agent’s warrants issued in connection with this offering. |
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RISK FACTORS
An investmentInvesting in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully all ofconsider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with the other information contained in this prospectus, before making a decision to invest in our securities. If any of the following events occur, our business, financial condition and operating results may be materially adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our securities could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. The risks included here are not exhaustive or exclusive. Other sections of this prospectus may include additional factors which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial performance. We operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.
Risks Relating to Our Business
Our continuing operations will require additional capital which we may not be able to obtain on favorable terms, if at all, or without dilution to our stockholders. Since inception, we have incurred significant losses. We expect to continue to incur net losses in the near term. For the nine monthsyear ended September 30, 2021,December 31, 2023, our cash used in operations was $6,227,813.approximately $9.5 million. At September 30, 2021,December 31, 2023, we had cash and equivalents on hand of $4,281,094.approximately $1.0 million.
Although we have commenced production at our manufacturing facility, we do not expect that sales revenue and cash flows will be sufficient to support operations and cash requirements until we have fully implemented our new strategy of focusing on high value PV products. Product revenues did not result in a positive cash flow for the 2020 year.2023 year, and are not anticipated to result in a positive cash flow for the next twelve months.
On August 2, 2021,
During 2023, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC (“BD1”) for the private placement of an aggregate of 133,334 shares of our common stock at a fixed price of $75.00 per sharemultiple financing agreements to fund operations, raising approximately $11.2 million in two tranches of 66,667 shares (all as adjusted for the reverse stock split) in exchange for $5,000,000 of gross proceeds each. On September 2, 2021, we closed on the first tranche and, on November 5, 2021, we closed on the second tranche, receiving aggregate gross proceeds, of $10,000,000. Whilewhich $7.1 million was used to pay down debt and the Company believesCompany’s Series 1B preferred stock. We do not expect that it hassales revenue and cash flows will be sufficient fundsto support operations and cash requirements for the immediateforeseeable future, from the sales of its common stock to BD1, the Company may seek to raiseand we will depend on raising additional capital in the future beyond the funds expected to be raised in this offering in order to expand further. To the extent thatmaintain operations until we may need to raise additional capital in the future therebecome profitable. There is no assurance that we will be able to raise additional capital on acceptable terms or at all. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, the percentage ownership of our existing stockholders could be significantly diluted, and these newly issued securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of existing stockholders. If we raise additional funds through debt financing, which may involve restrictive covenants, our ability to operate our business may be restricted. If adequate funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, if and when needed, our ability to fund our operations, take advantage of unanticipated opportunities, develop or enhance our products, expand capacity or otherwise respond to competitive pressures could be significantly limited, and our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
We currently have limited committed sources of capital and we have limited liquidity. Our cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2023 was $1.0 million. We expect our current cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund our operations into March 2024. Therefore, we will require substantial future capital in order to continue operations.
Following the receipt of $2.5 million in net proceeds from this offering, we believe our cash resources would be sufficient to fund our current operating plans into the third quarter of 2024. We have based these estimates, however, on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could spend our available financial resources much faster than we currently expect and need to raise additional funds sooner than we anticipate. If we are unable to raise additional capital when needed or on acceptable terms, we would be forced to delay, reduce, or eliminate our technology development and commercialization efforts.
Our auditors have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our auditors’ report on our December 31, 2020 consolidated2023 financial statements expresses an opinion that our capital resources as of the date of their audit report were not sufficient to sustain operations or complete our planned activities for the year 20212024 unless we raised additional funds. While the Company believes that it has sufficient funds for the remainder of 2022 from the sales of its common stock to BD1,Additionally, as a result of the Company’s recurring losses from operations, and the need for additional financing to fund its operating and capital requirements, there is uncertainty regarding the Company’s ability to maintain liquidity sufficient to operate its business effectively, which raises doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. Our December 31, 2020 consolidated2023 financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
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We have a limited history of operations, have not generated significant revenue from operations and have had limited production of our products. We have a limited operating history and have generated limited revenue from operations. Currently we are producing products in quantities necessary to meet current demand. Under our current business plan, we expect losses to continue until annual revenues and gross margins reach a high enough level to cover operating expenses. Our ability to achieve our business, commercialization and expansion objectives will depend on a number of factors, including whether:
· | We can generate customer acceptance of and demand for our products; |
· | We successfully ramp up commercial production on the equipment installed; |
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· | Our products are successfully and timely certified for use in our target markets; |
· | We successfully operate production tools to achieve the efficiencies, throughput and yield necessary to reach our cost targets; |
· | The products we design are saleable at a price sufficient to generate profits; |
· | We raise sufficient capital to enable us to reach a level of sales sufficient to achieve profitability on terms favorable to us; |
· | We are able to successfully design, manufacture, market, distribute and sell our products; |
· | We effectively manage the planned ramp up of our operations; |
· | We successfully develop and maintain strategic relationships with key partners, including OEMs, system integrators and distributors, |
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· | Our ability to enter into commercially viable licensing, joint venture, or other commercial arrangements; and |
· | The availability of raw materials. |
Each of these factors is critical to our success and accomplishing each of these tasks may take longer or cost more than expected or may never be accomplished. It also is likely that problems we cannot now anticipate will arise. If we cannot overcome these problems, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
We have to date incurred net losses and may be unable to generate sufficient sales in the future to become profitable. We incurred a net lossesloss of $2,564,914 and $2,411,469 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, and net income of $1,617,444approximately $17.1 million for the year ended December 31, 20202023 and reported an accumulated deficit of $424,194,254approximately $482.5 million as of September 30, 2021.December 31, 2023. We expect to incur net losses in the near term. Our ability to achieve profitability depends on a number of factors, including market acceptance of our specialty PV products at competitive prices. If we are unable to raise additional capital and generate sufficient revenue to achieve profitability and positive cash flows, we may be unable to satisfy our commitments and may have to discontinue operations.
Our business is based on a new technology, and if our PV modules or processes fail to achieve the performance and cost metrics that we expect, then we may be unable to develop demand for our PV modules and generate sufficient revenue to support our operations. Our CIGS on flexible plastic substrate technology is a relatively new technology. Our business plan and strategies assume that we will be able to achieve certain milestones and metrics in terms of throughput, uniformity of cell efficiencies, yield, encapsulation, packaging, cost and other production parameters. We cannot assure you that our technology will prove to be commercially viable in accordance with our plan and strategies. Further, we or our strategic partners and licensees may experience operational problems with such technology after its commercial introduction that could delay or defeat the ability of such technology to generate revenue or operating profits. If we are unable to achieve
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our targets on time and within our planned budget, then we may not be able to develop adequate demand for our PV modules, and our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
Our failure to further refine our technology and develop and introduce improved PV products could render our PV modules uncompetitive or obsolete and reduce our net sales and market share. Our success requires us to invest significant financial resources in research and development to keep pace with technological advances in the solar energy industry. However, research and development activities are inherently uncertain, and we could encounter practical difficulties in commercializing our research results. Our expenditures on research and development may not be sufficient to produce the desired technological advances, or they may not produce corresponding benefits. Our PV modules may be rendered obsolete by the technological advances of our competitors, which could harm our results of operations and adversely impact our net sales and market share.
Failure to expand our manufacturing capability successfully at our facilities would adversely impact our ability to sell our products into our target markets and would materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our growth plan calls for production and operations at our facility. Successful operations will require substantial engineering and manufacturing resources and are subject to significant risks, including risks of cost overruns, delays and other risks, such as geopolitical unrest that may cause us not to be able to successfully operate in other countries. Furthermore, we may never be able to operate our production processes in high volume or at the volumes projected, make planned process and equipment improvements, attain projected manufacturing yields or desired annual capacity, obtain timely delivery of components, or hire and train the additional employees and management needed to scale our operations. Failure to meet these objectives on time and within our planned budget could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We may be unable to manage the expansion of our operations and strategic alliances effectively. We will need to significantly expand our operations and form beneficial strategic alliances in order to reduce manufacturing costs through economies of scale and partnerships, secure contracts of commercially material amounts with reputable customers and capture a meaningful share of our target markets. To date, we have not successfully formed such strategic alliances and can give no assurances that we will be able to do so. To manage the expansion of our operations and alliances, we will be required to improve our operational and financial systems, oversight, procedures and controls and expand, train and manage our growing employee base. Our management team will also be required to maintain and cultivate our relationships with partners, customers, suppliers and other third parties and attract new partners, customers and suppliers. In addition, our current and planned operations, personnel, facility size and configuration, systems and internal procedures and controls, even when augmented through strategic alliances, might be inadequate or insufficient to support our future growth. If we cannot manage our growth effectively, we may be unable to take advantage of market opportunities, execute our business strategies or respond to competitive pressures, resulting in a material and adverse effect to our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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We depend on a limited number of third-party suppliers for key raw materials, and their failure to perform could cause manufacturing delays and impair our ability to deliver PV modules to customers in the required quality and quantity and at a price that is profitable to us. Our failure to obtain raw materials and components that meet our quality, quantity and cost requirements in a timely manner could interrupt or impair our ability to manufacture our products or increase our manufacturing cost. Most of our key raw materials are either sole sourced or sourced by a limited number of third-party suppliers. As a result, the failure of any of our suppliers to perform could disrupt our supply chain and impair our operations. Many of our suppliers are small companies that may be unable to supply our increasing demand for raw materials as we implement our planned expansion. We may be unable to identify new suppliers in a timely manner or on commercially reasonable terms. Raw materials from new suppliers may also be less suited for our technology and yield PV modules with lower conversion efficiencies, higher failure rates and higher rates of degradation than PV modules manufactured with the raw materials from our current suppliers.
Our products may never gain sufficient market acceptance, in which case we would be unable to sell our products or achieve profitability. Demand for our products may never develop sufficiently, and our products may never gain market acceptance, if we fail to produce products that compare favorably against competing products on the basis of cost, quality, weight, efficiency and performance. Demand for our products also will depend on our ability to develop and maintain successful relationships with key partners, including distributors, retailers, OEMs, system integrators and value-added resellers. If our products fail to gain market acceptance as quickly as we envision or at all, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
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We are targeting emerging markets for a significant portion of our planned product sales. These markets are new and may not develop as rapidly as we expect or may not develop at all. Our target markets include portable power, defense, transportation,agrivoltaics, space and near space markets. Although certain areas of these markets have started to develop, some of them are in their infancy. We believe these markets have significant long-term potential; however, some or all of these markets may not develop and emerge as we expect. If the markets do develop as expected, there may be other products that could provide a superior product or a comparable product at lower prices than our products. If these markets do not develop as we expect, or if competitors are better able to capitalize on these markets our revenues and product margins may be negatively affected.
Failure to consummate strategic relationships with key partners in our various target market segments, such as defense and portable power, transportation, space and near space and agrivoltaics, and the respective implementations of the right strategic partnerships to enter these various specified markets, could adversely affect our projected sales, growth and revenues. We intend to sell thin-film PV modules for use in portable power systems, defense and portable power systems, transportation,agrivoltaics, space and near space solar panel applications. Our marketing and distribution strategy is to form strategic relationships with distributors, value added resellers and e-commerce to provide a foothold in these target markets. If we are unable to successfully establish working relationships with such market participants or if, due to cost, technical or other factors, our products prove unsuitable for use in such applications; our projected revenues and operating results could be adversely affected.
If sufficient demand for our products does not develop or takes longer to develop than we anticipate, we may be unable to grow our business, generate sufficient revenue to attain profitability or continue operations. The solar energy industry is currently dominated by the rigid crystalline silicon based technology. The extent to which our flexible thin film PV modules will be widely adopted is uncertain. Many factors, of which several are outside of our control, may affect the viability of widespread adoption and demand for our flexible PV modules.
We face intense competition from other manufacturers of thin-film PV modules and other companies in the solar energy industry. The solar energy and renewable energy industries are both highly competitive and continually evolving as participants strive to distinguish themselves within their markets and compete with the larger electric power industry. We believe our main sources of competition are other thin-filmthin film PV manufacturers and companies developing other solar solutions, such as solar thermal and concentrated PV technologies.
Many of our existing and potential competitors have substantially greater financial, technical, manufacturing and other resources than we do. A competitor’s greater size provides them with a competitive advantage because they often can realize economies of scale and purchase certain raw materials at lower prices. Many of our competitors also have greater brand name recognition, established distribution networks and large customer bases. In addition, many of our competitors have well-established relationships with our current and potential partners and distributors and have extensive knowledge of our target markets. As a result of their greater size, these competitors may be able to devote more resources to the research, development, promotion and sale of their products or respond more quickly to evolving industry standards and changes in market conditions than we can. Our failure to adapt to changing market conditions and to compete successfully with existing or future competitors could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Problems with product quality or performance may cause us to incur warranty expenses, damage our market reputation and prevent us from maintaining or increasing our market share.If our products fail to perform as expected while under warranty, or if we are unable to support the warranties, sales of our products may be adversely affected or our costs may increase, and our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
We may also be subject to warranty or product liability claims against us that are not covered by insurance or are in excess of our available insurance limits. In addition, quality issues can have various other ramifications, including delays in the recognition of revenue, loss of revenue, loss of future sales opportunities, increased costs associated with repairing or replacing products, and a negative impact on our goodwill and reputation. The possibility of future product failures could cause us to incur substantial expenses to repair or replace defective products. Furthermore, widespread product failures may damage our market reputation and reduce our market share causing sales to decline.
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Currency translation risk may negatively affect our net sales, cost of equipment, cost of sales, gross margin or profitability and could result in exchange losses. Although our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar, we may conduct business and incur costs in the local currencies of other countries in which we operate, make sales or buy equipment or materials. As a result, we are subject to currency translation risk. Our future contracts and obligations may be exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates, and, as a result, our capital expenditures or other costs may exceed what we have
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budgeted. Further, changes in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar could affect our net sales and cost of sales and could result in exchange losses. We cannot accurately predict future exchange rates or the overall impact of future exchange rate fluctuations on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
A significant increase in the price of our raw materials could lead to higher overall costs of production, which would negatively affect our planned product margins, or make our products uncompetitive in the PV market. Our raw materials include high temperature plastics and various metals. Significant increases in the costs of these raw materials may impact our ability to compete in our target markets at a price sufficient to produce a profit.
Our intellectual property rights or our means of enforcing those rights may be inadequate to protect our business, which may result in the unauthorizeduse of our products or reduced sales or otherwise reduce our ability to compete. Our business and competitive position depends upon our ability to protect our intellectual property rights and proprietary technology, including any PV modules that we develop. We attempt to protect our intellectual property rights, primarily in the United States, through a combination of patent, trade secret and other intellectual property laws, as well as licensing agreements and third-party nondisclosure and assignment agreements. Because of the differences in foreign patent and other laws concerning intellectual property rights, our intellectual property rights may not receive the same degree of protection in foreign countries as they would in the United States. Our failure to obtain or maintain adequate protection of our intellectual property rights, for any reason, could have a materially adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Further, any patents issued in connection with our efforts to develop new technology for PV modules may not be broad enough to protect all of the potential uses of our technology.
We also rely on unpatented proprietary technology. It is possible others will independently develop the same or similar technology or otherwise obtain access to our unpatented technology. To protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information, we require our employees, consultants and advisors to execute proprietary information and invention assignment agreements when they begin working for us. We cannot assure these agreements will provide meaningful protection of our trade secrets, unauthorized use, misappropriation or disclosure of trade secrets, know how or other proprietary information. Despite our efforts to protect this information, unauthorized parties may attempt to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. If we are unable to maintain the proprietary nature of our technologies, we could be materially adversely affected.
In addition, when others control the prosecution, maintenance and enforcement of certain important intellectual property, such as technology licensed to us, the protection and enforcement of the intellectual property rights may be outside of our control. If the entity that controls intellectual property rights that are licensed to us does not adequately protect those rights, our rights may be impaired, which may impact our ability to develop, market and commercialize our products. Further, if we breach the terms of any license agreement pursuant to which a third party licenses us intellectual property rights, our rights under that license may be affected and we may not be able to continue to use the licensed intellectual property rights, which could adversely affect our ability to develop, market and commercialize our products.
Third-party claims of intellectual property infringement may negatively impact the Company and the Company’s future financial results. The Company’s commercial success depends in part on its ability to develop, manufacture, market and sell its products and use its proprietary technology without infringing the patent rights of third parties. Numerous third-party U.S. and non-U.S. issued patents and pending applications exist in the area of the Company’s products. The Company may in the future pursue available proceedings in the U.S. and foreign patent offices to challenge the validity of patents and patent applications. In addition, or alternatively, the Company may consider whether to seek to negotiate a license of rights to technology covered by one or more of such patents and patent applications. If any patents or patent applications cover the Company’s products or technologies, the Company may not be free to manufacture or market its products as planned, absent such a license, which may not be available to the Company on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.
It is also possible that the Company has failed to identify relevant third-party patents or applications. For example, some applications may be held under government secrecy and US patent applications that will not be filed outside the United States remain confidential unless and until patents issue. Moreover, it is difficult for industry participants, including the Company, to identify all third-party patent rights that may be relevant to its product candidates and technologies because patent searching is imperfect due to differences in terminology among patents, incomplete databases and the difficulty in assessing the meaning of patent claims. The Company may fail to identify relevant patents or patent applications or may identify pending patent applications of potential interest but incorrectly predict the likelihood that such patents may issue with claims of relevance to its technology. In addition, the Company may be unaware of one or more issued patents that would be infringed by the manufacture, sale or use of a current or future products, or the Company may incorrectly conclude that a third-party patent is invalid, unenforceable or not infringed by its activities. Additionally, pending patent applications that have been published can, subject to specified limitations, be later amended in a manner that could cover the Company’s technologies, its products or the use of its products.
There have been many lawsuits and other proceedings filed by third parties claim we are infringing or misappropriating theirinvolving patent and other intellectual property rights, we could be prohibited from selling our PV products, be required to obtain licenses from third parties or be forced to develop non-infringing alternatives,including patent infringement lawsuits, interferences, oppositions, and we could be subject to substantial monetary damagesreexamination, post-grant review and injunctive relief. The PV industry is characterized byequivalent proceedings before the existence of a large number of patentsUSPTO and frequent litigation based on allegations ofcorresponding foreign patent infringement. We are aware of numerousoffices. Numerous U.S. and foreign issued patents and pending patent applications, which are owned by third parties, exist in the fields in which the Company is developing products or has existing products. As the industries the Company is involved in expand and more patents are issued, the risk increases that its product candidates may relatebe subject to currentclaims of infringement of the patent rights of third parties.
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Parties making claims against the Company may obtain injunctive or other equitable relief, which could effectively block its ability to further develop and future generations of solar energy. The ownerscommercialize the Company’s products. Defense of these patentsclaims, regardless of their merit, would involve substantial litigation expense and would be a substantial diversion of employee resources from the Company’s business. In the event of a successful claim of infringement against the Company, the Company may assert the manufacture, usehave to pay substantial damages, including treble damages and attorneys’ fees for willful infringement, pay royalties, redesign its infringing products or sale of any of our products infringesobtain one or more claims of their patents. Moreover, because patent applications can take many years to issue, there may be currently pending applications, unknown to us, which may later result in issued patents that materially and adversely affect our business. Third parties could also assert claims against us that we have infringed or misappropriated their intellectual property rights. Whether or not such claims are valid, we cannot be certain we have not infringed the intellectual property rights of such third parties. Any infringement or misappropriation claim could result in significant costs or substantial damages to our business or an inability to manufacture, market or sell any of our PV modules found to infringe or misappropriate. Even if we were to prevail in any such action, the litigation could result in substantial cost and diversion of resources that could materially and adversely affect our business. The large number of patents, the rapid rate of new patent issuances, the complexities of the technology involved, and uncertainty of litigation increase the risk of business assets and management’s attention being diverted to patent litigation. Even if obtaining a license were feasible, it could be costly and time consuming. We might be forced to obtain additional licenses from our existing licensors in the event the scope of the intellectual property we have licensed is too narrow to cover our activities, or in the event the licensor did not have sufficient rights to grant us the license(s) purportedly granted. Also, some of our licenses may restrict or limit our ability
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to grant sub-licenses and/or assign rights under the licenses to third parties, which may limit our ability to pursue business opportunities.be impossible or require substantial time and monetary expenditure.
Our future success depends on retaining our Chief Executive Officer and existing management team and hiring and assimilating new key employees, and our inability to attract or retain key personnel that would materially harm our business and results of operations. Our success depends on the continuing efforts and abilities of our executive officers, including Mr. Victor Lee,Paul Warley, our President and Chief Executive Officer, our other executive officers, and key technical personnel. Our future success also will depend on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees, including management, technical and sales personnel. The loss of any of our key personnel, the inability to attract, retain or assimilate key personnel in the future, or delays in hiring required personnel could materially harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our PV modules contain limited amounts of cadmium sulfide, and claims of human exposure or future regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our PV modules contain limited amounts of cadmium, sulfide, which is regulated as a hazardous material due to the adverse health effects that may arise from human exposure and is banned in certain countries. We cannot assure you that human or environmental exposure to cadmium sulfide used in our PV modules will not occur. Any such exposure could result in third party claims against us, damage to our reputation and heightened regulatory scrutiny of our PV modules. Future regulation relating to the use of cadmium in various products could force us to seek regulatory exemptions or impact the manufacture and sale of our PV modules and could require us to incur unforeseen environmental related costs. The occurrence of future events such as these could limit our ability to sell and distribute our PV modules, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Environmental obligations and liabilities could have a substantial negative impact on our financial condition, cash flows and profitability. We are subject to a variety of federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, including those governing the use, handling, generation, processing, storage, transportation and disposal of, or human exposure to, hazardous and toxic materials (such as the cadmium used in our products), the discharge of pollutants into the air and water, and occupational health and safety. We are also subject to environmental laws which allow regulatory authorities to compel, or seek reimbursement for, cleanup of environmental contamination at sites now or formerly owned or operated by us and at facilities where our waste is or has been disposed. We may incur significant costs and capital expenditures in complying with these laws and regulations. In addition, violations of, or liabilities under, environmental laws or permits may result in restrictions being imposed on our operating activities or in our being subjected to substantial fines, penalties, criminal proceedings, third party property damage or personal injury claims, cleanup costs or other costs. Also, future developments such as more aggressive enforcement policies, the implementation of new, more stringent laws and regulations, or the discovery of presently unknown environmental conditions or noncompliance may require expenditures that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Further, greenhouse gas emissions have increasingly become the subject of international, national, state and local attention. Although future regulations could potentially lead to an increased use of alternative energy, there can be no guarantee that such future regulations will encourage solar technology. Given our limited history of operations, it is difficult to predict future environmental expenses.
We currently anticipate having substantialhave agreements with international operationsparties that will subject us to a number of risks, including potential unfavorable political, regulatory, labor, legal and tax conditions in foreign countries. We entered into a Joint Development Agreement (“JDA”) with TubeSolar, a related party, (see Certain Transactions),purchased manufacturing equipment in Switzerland and, expectin the future, may look to expand our operations abroad in the future and, as a result, we may be subject to the legal, political, social, and regulatory requirements and economic conditions of foreign jurisdictions. Risks inherent to international operations, include, but are not limited to, the following:
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· | Difficulty in procuring supplies and supply contracts abroad; |
| · | Foreign countries imposing additional withholding taxes or otherwise taxing our foreign income, imposing tariffs or adopting other restrictions on foreign trade and investment, including currency exchange controls; |
· | Inability to obtain, maintain or enforce intellectual property rights; |
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· | Risk of nationalization; |
· | Changes in general economic and political conditions in the countries in which we may operate, including changes in the government incentives we might rely on; |
· | Unexpected adverse changes in foreign laws or regulatory requirements, including those with respect to environmental protection, export duties and quotas; |
· | Difficulty with staffing and managing widespread operations; |
· | Trade barriers such as export requirements, tariffs, taxes and other restrictions and expenses, which could increase the prices of our products and make us less competitive in some countries; and |
· | Difficulty of, and costs relating to, compliance with the different commercial and legal requirements of the international markets in which we plan to offer and sell our PV products. |
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Our business in foreign markets will require us to respond to rapid changes in market conditions in these countries. Our overall success as an international business depends, in part, on our ability to succeed in differing legal, regulatory, economic, social and political conditions. If we are not able to develop and implement policies and strategies that are effective in each location where we will do business, then our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
Existing regulations and policies and changes to these regulations and policies may present technical, regulatory and economic barriers to the purchase and use of PV products, which may significantly reduce demand for our PV products. The market for electricity generation products is heavily influenced by foreign, U.S., state and local government regulations and policies concerning the electric utility industry, as well as policies promulgated by electric utilities. These regulations and policies often relate to electricity pricing and technical interconnection of customer owned electricity generation. In the United States and in a number of other countries, these regulations and policies have been modified in the past and may be modified again in the future. These regulations and policies could deter end user purchases of PV products and investment in the research and development of PV technology. For example, without a mandated regulatory exception for PV systems, utility customers are often charged interconnection or standby fees for putting distributed power generation on the electric utility grid. These fees could increase the cost to our end users of using PV systems and make them less desirable, thereby harming our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, electricity generated by PV systems mostly competes with expensive peak hour electricity, rather than the less expensive average price of electricity. Modifications to the peak hour pricing policies of utilities, such as to a flat rate, would require PV systems to achieve lower prices in order to compete with the price of electricity from other sources.
We anticipate that our PV modules and their use in installations will be subject to oversight and regulation in accordance with national and local ordinances relating to building codes, safety, environmental protection, utility interconnection and metering and related matters. It is difficult to track the requirements of individual states and design equipment to comply with the varying standards. Any new government regulations or utility policies pertaining to PV modules may result in significant additional expenses to us, our business partners and their customers and, as a result, could cause a significant reduction in demand for our PV modules.
We may be subject to risks related to our information technology systems, including the risk that we may be the subject of a cyber-attack and the risk that we may be in non-compliance with applicable privacy laws.Our operations depend, in part, on how well we and our vendors protect networks, equipment, information technology (IT) systems, and software against damage from a number of threats, including, but not limited to, cable cuts, damage to physical plants, natural disasters, intentional damage and destruction, fire, power loss, hacking, computer viruses, vandalism, theft, malware, ransomware and phishing attacks. Any of these and other events could result in IT system failures, delays, or increases in capital expenses. Our operations also depend on the timely maintenance, upgrade, and replacement of networks, equipment, and IT systems and software, as well as preemptive expenses to mitigate the risks of failures. The failure of IT systems or a component of IT systems could, depending on the nature of any such failure, adversely impact our reputation and results of operations.
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We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. If our remedial measures are insufficient to address the material weaknesses, or if additional material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting are discovered or occur in the future, our consolidated financial statements may contain material misstatements, which could adversely affect our stock price and could negatively impact our results of operations. At December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2021, we concluded that there were material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. See Management’s Discussion and Analysis—Remediation of Material Weaknesses.
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While we believe that the substantial elimination of the complexities in the Company’s debt and securities accounting along with changes in internal controls over financial reporting during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, have materially improved the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, and have effectively remediated the Company’s prior material weaknesses, we cannot assure that these or other measures will fully remediate, or have fully remediated, the deficiencies or material weaknesses. We cannot assure you that we have identified all of our existing significant deficiencies and material weaknesses, or that we will not in the future have additional significant deficiencies or material weaknesses. If we are unable to remediate a material weakness, or otherwise maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to report our financial results accurately, prevent fraud, or file our periodic reports in a timely manner.
As long as our significant stockholders, BD1, Crowdex, and TubeSolar, maintain their current holdings, the ability of our other stockholders to influence matters requiring stockholder approval will be limited. As of February 3, 2022, BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC (“BD1”) beneficially owned 15,933,334 shares of our common stock, Crowdex Investments, LLC (“Crowdex”) beneficially owned 5,545,042 shares of our common stock, and TubeSolar AG (“TubeSolar”) beneficially owned 4,961,234 shares of our common stock. As of February 3, 2022, the Company had approximately 30,609,249 shares of common stock outstanding. Accordingly, BD1, Crowdex, and TubeSolar together would be able to cast approximately 86.4% of the votes entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders of the Company (or written consent of stockholders in lieu of meeting). BD1, Crowdex, and TubeSolar, therefore, will, for the foreseeable future, have significant influence over our management and affairs, and will be able to control virtually all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and significant corporate transactions such as mergers or sales of our Company or assets. On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a Long-Term Supply and Joint Development Agreement (“JDA”) with TubeSolar. See Relationship with TubeSolar under Certain Transactions for additional detail.
The interests of our three largest stockholders may conflict with our interests or your interests now or in the future. Three of our stockholders, Crowdex, TubeSolar and BD1, collectively beneficially own approximately 86.4% of our Company’s common stock.
Crowdex is an investment holding company 100% indirectly beneficially owned by Bernd Förtsch. One of our directors, David Peterson, is the manager of Crowdex.
TubeSolar is a developer of photovoltaic thin-film tubes to enable additional application opportunities in solar power generation compared to conventional solar modules. TubeSolar is a public company headquartered in Augsburg, Germany, whose shares are listed on XETRA (primary market Dusseldorf, Germany). Bernd Förtsch indirectly owns a controlling interest in TubeSolar. On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a JDA with TubeSolar. See Relationship with TubeSolar under Certain Transactions for additional detail.
BD1 is an investment holding company. BD1 is 100% owned by BD Vermögensverwaltung GmbH. BD Vermögensverwaltung GmbH is 100% owned by Solar Invest International SE. Johannes Kuhn and Ute Kuhn are the beneficial owners and members of the board of directors of Solar Invest International SE. BD Vermögensverwaltung GmbH and Solar Invest International SE are major stockholders of TubeSolar.
Various conflicts of interest between us and our controlling stockholders could arise. The ownership interest and voting power of our controlling stockholders could create or appear to create potential conflicts of interest when such controlling stockholders are faced with decisions relating to us. We may not be able to resolve any potential conflicts, and even if we do, the resolution may be less favorable to us than if we were dealing with an unaffiliated third party.
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So long as Crowdex, TubeSolar and BD1 continue to beneficially own a significant amount of our outstanding equity securities, those stockholders may be able to strongly influence or effectively control our decisions.
Risks Relating to our Securities and an Investment in our SecuritiesCompany
Our stockholders may experience significant dilution as a result of shares of our common stock that may be issued (i) upon the exercise of our outstanding common stock warrants, (ii) upon the conversion of our outstanding senior secured convertible notes and conversions payable, and (iii) pursuant to new securities that we may issue in the future. We may issue substantial amounts of additional common stock in connection with the exercise or conversion of our outstanding common stock warrants, senior secured convertible notes, and conversions payable. See “Description of Capital Stock.”
Certain of these financing agreements contain variable pricing mechanisms. The number of shares that we will issue pursuant to these agreements, therefore, will fluctuate based on the price of our common stock.
We currently have 5,596,232 outstanding common stock warrants issued in connection with our December 2022 senior secured convertible note financing with a per share exercise price of $1.76. These warrants have a “full ratchet” adjustment feature that will be triggered by the consummation of this offering. Based upon an assumed offering price of $0.6445 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on February 15, 2024, the number of these common stock warrants would increase to 15,286,528, and the per share exercise price would be reduced to $0.6445 per share. The actual full ratchet adjustment would be calculated following the completion of this offering.
Also, if we obtain additional financing involving the issuance of equity securities or securities convertible into equity securities, our existing stockholders’ investment would be further diluted. Such dilution could cause the market price of our common stock to decline, which could impair our ability to raise additional financing. Depending on market liquidity at the time, sales of such newly issued additional shares into the market may cause the trading price of our common stock to fall.
The price of our common stock may continue to be volatile. Our common stock is currently traded on the OTC Markets.Nasdaq Capital Market. The trading price of our common stock from time to time has fluctuated widely and may be subject to similar volatility in the future. For example, during most of the calendar year endedperiod from January 1, 2023 through December 31, 2020, our common stock traded below [$1.00] and in 2021,2023, our common stock ranged from $10.00$0.755 to $367.50.$286.00, and in 2022, our common stock ranged from $300 to $6,600. The trading price of our common stock in the future may be affected by a number of factors, including events described in these “RiskRisk Factors.” In recent years, broad stock market indices, in general, and smaller capitalization and PV companies, in particular, have experienced substantial price fluctuations. In a volatile market, we may experience wide fluctuations in the market price of our common stock. These fluctuations may have a negative effect on the market price of our common stock regardless of our operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted. A securities class action suit against us could result in substantial costs, potential liabilities and the diversion of management’s attention and resources and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
There is currently no market for Common Warrants being sold in this offering, and a market for such warrants may not develop, which would adversely affect the liquidity and price of these warrants. There is currently no market for the Common Warrants. Prospective stockholders therefore have no access to information about prior market history on which to base their investment decision. We plan on listing the Common Warrants, together with our common stock, on Nasdaq. Following this offering, the price of such warrants may vary significantly due to one or more factors, including general market or economic conditions. Our underwriters are not obligated to make a market in our securities, and even if they make a market, they can discontinue market making at any time without notice. Neither we nor the underwriters can provide any assurance that an active and liquid trading market in our securities will develop or, if developed, that such market will continue.
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As a public company we are subject to complex legal and accounting requirements that require us to incur substantial expenses, and our financial controls and procedures may not be sufficient to ensure timely and reliable reporting of financial information, which, as a public company, could materially harm our stock price and public listing.listing on Nasdaq Capital Market. As a public company, we are subject to numerous legal and accounting requirements that do not apply to private companies. The cost of compliance with many of these requirements is substantial, not only in absolute terms but, more importantly, in relation to the overall scope of the operations of a small company. Failure to comply with these requirements can have numerous adverse consequences including, but not limited to, our inability to file required periodic reports on a timely basis, loss of market confidence, delisting of our securities and/or governmental or private actions against us. We cannot assure you we will be able to comply with all of these requirements or the cost of such compliance will not prove to be a substantial competitive disadvantage vis-à-vis our privately held and larger public competitors.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”) requires, among other things, that we maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. In particular, we must perform system and process evaluation and testing of our internal control over financial reporting to allow management to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley. Our compliance with Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley will require we incur substantial accounting expense and expend significant management efforts. The effectiveness of our controls and procedures may, in the future, be limited by a variety of factors, including:
| Faulty human judgment and simple errors, omissions or mistakes; |
| Fraudulent action of an individual or collusion of two or more people; |
| Inappropriate management override of procedures; and |
| The possibility that any enhancements to controls and procedures may still not be adequate to assure timely and accurate financial information. |
If we are not able to comply with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner, or if we or our independent registered public accounting firm, identifies deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses, we may be subject to Nasdaq Capital market delisting, investigations by the SEC and civil or criminal sanctions.
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Our ability to successfully implement our business plan and comply with Section 404 requires us to be able to prepare timely and accurate financial statements. We expect we will need to continue to improve existing, and implement new operational, financial and accounting systems, procedures and controls to manage our business effectively.
Any delay in the implementation of, or disruption in the transition to, new or enhanced systems, procedures or controls may cause our operations to suffer, and we may be unable to conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as required under Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley. If we are unable to complete the required Section 404 assessment as to the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting, if we fail to maintain or implement adequate controls, our ability to obtain additional financing could be impaired. In addition, investors could lose confidence in the reliability of our internal control over financial reporting and in the accuracy of our periodic reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”). A lack of investor confidence in the reliability and accuracy of our public reporting could cause our stock price to decline.
If the listing of our shares of Common Stock and Common Warrants is approved by Nasdaq, there is no assurance that we will be able to maintain the listings, which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in our securities and subject us to additional trading restrictions. There is no assurance that we will be able to maintain the listing of our shares of common stock and Common Warrants on Nasdaq. In order to list on Nasdaq, we must meet certain financial and liquidity criteria. However, we cannot assure you that our securities will continue to be listed on Nasdaq in the future.
Nasdaq requires that the trading price of its listed stocks remain above one dollar in order for the stock to remain listed. If a listed stock trades below one dollar for more than 30 consecutive trading days, then it is subject to delisting from Nasdaq. There can be no assurance that the market price of our common stock will remain at the level required for continuing compliance with Nasdaq’s minimum bid requirement. It is not uncommon for the market price of a company’s common stock to decline in the period following a reverse stock split. In any event, other factors unrelated to the number of shares of our common stock outstanding, such as negative financial or operational results, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and jeopardize our ability to maintain compliance with Nasdaq’s minimum bid price requirement.
In addition, to maintain a listing on Nasdaq, we must satisfy minimum financial and other continued listing requirements and standards, including those regarding director independence and independent committee requirements, minimum stockholders’ equity and certain corporate governance requirements. If we are unable to satisfy these requirements or standards, we could be subject to delisting. This would have a negative effect on the price of our common stock and would impair your ability to sell or purchase our common stock when you wish to do so. In the event of a delisting, we can provide no assurance that any action we may take to restore our compliance with the listing requirements would allow our common stock to become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our common stock, prevent our common stock from dropping below the minimum bid price requirement, or prevent future non-compliance with the listing requirements.
If Nasdaq delists our securities from trading on its exchange, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:
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We may not be able to meet the continued listing requirements for the Nasdaq Capital Market or another nationally recognized stock exchange, which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in our securities and subject us to additional trading restrictions. Our common stock has been approved for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “ASTI” but has not yet commenced trading on Nasdaq. If and when our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, in order to remain listed, we will be required to meet the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market or any other U.S. or nationally recognized stock exchange to which we may apply and be approved for listing. We may be unable to satisfy these continued listing requirements, and there is no guarantee that our common stock will
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remain listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market or any other U.S. or nationally recognized stock exchange. If, after listing, our common stock is delisted from the Nasdaq Capital Market or any other U.S. or nationally recognized stock exchange, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:
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Our stockholders may experience significant dilution as a result of new securities that we may issue in the future. We may issue additional common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for common stock, in connection with future capital raising transactions. The issuance of material amounts of common stock by us would cause our existing stockholders to experience significant dilution in their investment in our Company. Also, if we obtain additional financing involving the issuance of equity securities or securities convertible into equity securities, our existing stockholders’ investment would be further diluted. Such dilution could cause the market price of our common stock to decline, which could impair our ability to raise additional financing.
Sales of a significant number of shares of our common stock in the public markets or significant short sales of our stock, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital. Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock or other equity-related securities in the public markets could depress the market price of our common stock. If there are significant short sales of our stock, the price decline that could result from this activity may cause the share price to decline more so, which, in turn, may cause long holders of the stock to sell their shares, thereby contributing to sales of stock in the market. Such sales also may impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities in the future at a time and price that our management deems acceptable, if at all. In addition, a large number of our outstanding shares are not registered under the Securities Act. If and when these shares are registered or become eligible for sale to the public market, the market price of our common stock could also decline.
We may fail to continue to meet the listing standards of The Nasdaq Capital Market whether or not this offering occurs. Even if this offering occurs, this offering could cause our stock price to fall, which could result in us being delisted from The Nasdaq Capital Market. Failure to maintain the listing of our common stock with a U.S. national securities exchange could adversely affect the liquidity off our common stock. Our common stock is currently listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market. In order to maintain that listing, we must satisfy minimum financial and other continued listing requirements and standards.
Nasdaq $1.00 Bid Price Requirement
On December 11, 2023, the Company received a written notice (the “Notice”) from the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) indicating that the Company is not in compliance with the $1.00 Minimum Bid Price requirement set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Bid Price Requirement”).
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The Notice does not result in the immediate delisting of the Company’s common stock from The Nasdaq Capital Market.
The Nasdaq Listing Rules require listed securities to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share and, based upon the closing bid price of the Company’s common stock for the 30 consecutive business days for the period October 27 through December 8, 2023, the Company no longer meets this requirement.
The Notice indicated that the Company will be provided 180 calendar days (or June 10, 2024) in which to regain compliance. If at any time during this 180 calendar day period the bid price of the Company’s common stock closes at or above $1.00 per share for a minimum of ten consecutive business days, the Nasdaq staff (the “Staff”) will provide the Company with a written confirmation of compliance and the matter will be closed.
Alternatively, if the Company fails to regain compliance with Rule 5550(a)(2) prior to the expiration of the initial 180 calendar day period, the Company may be eligible for an additional 180 calendar day compliance period, provided (i) it meets the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other applicable requirements for initial listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market (except for the Bid Price Requirement) and (ii) it provides written notice to Nasdaq of its intention to cure this deficiency during the second compliance period by effecting a reverse stock split, if necessary. In the event the Company does not regain compliance with Rule 5550(a)(2) prior to the expiration of the initial 180 calendar day period, and if it appears to the Staff that the Company will not be able to cure the deficiency, or if the Company is not otherwise eligible, the Staff will provide the Company with written notification that its securities are subject to delisting from The Nasdaq Capital Market. At that time, the Company may appeal the delisting determination to a Hearings Panel.
The Company intends to monitor the closing bid price of its common stock and is considering its options to regain compliance with the Bid Price Requirement. The Company’s receipt of the Notice does not affect the Company’s reporting requirements with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Nasdaq Stockholder Equity Requirement
Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1) requires companies listed on Nasdaq to maintain a minimum of $2,500,000 in stockholders’ equity for continued listing. In our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company reported stockholders’ deficit of $1,526,611. Accordingly, on [***], 2024, the Company received a written notice from Nasdaq indicating that we are not in compliance with minimum stockholders’ equity requirement.
Nasdaq’s notice has no immediate impact on the listing of the Company’s common stock. Nasdaq notice provides the Company with 45 calendar days (or until [***], 2024) to submit a plan to regain compliance. If the plan is accepted, the Company would typically be granted up to 180 calendar days from notice date to evidence compliance. There can be no assurance that the Company would be able to regain compliance with all applicable continued listing requirements or that its plan would be accepted by the Nasdaq staff. In the event the plan would not be accepted by the Nasdaq staff, or in the event the plan would be accepted and the extension granted but the Company fails to regain compliance within the plan period, the Company would have the right to a hearing before an independent panel. The hearing request would stay any suspension or delisting action pending the conclusion of the hearing process and the expiration of any additional extension period granted by the panel following the hearing.
If we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of Nasdaq, Nasdaq may take steps to delist our securities. Such a delisting would likely have a negative effect on the price and liquidity of our common stock and would impair your ability to sell or purchase our common stock when you wish to do so. In the event of a delisting, we would take actions to restore our compliance with Nasdaq’s listing requirements, but we can provide no assurance that any such action taken by us would allow our common stock to become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our securities, prevent our common stock from dropping below the Nasdaq minimum share price requirement or prevent future non-compliance with Nasdaq’s listing requirements.
If our common stock were to be delisted from Nasdaq, our common stock could begin to trade on one of the markets operated by OTC Markets Group, including OTCQX, OTCQB or OTC Pink (formerly known as the “pink sheets”), as the case may be. In such event, our common stock could be subject to the “penny stock” rules which, among other things, require brokers or dealers to approve investors’ accounts, receive written agreements and determine investor suitability for transactions and disclose risks relating to investing in the penny stock market. Any such delisting of our common stock could have an adverse effect on the market price of, and the efficiency of the trading market for our common stock, not only in terms of the number of shares that can be bought and sold at a given price, but also through delays in the timing of transactions and less coverage of us by securities analysts, if any. Also, if in the future we were to determine that we need to seek additional equity capital, it could have an adverse effect on our ability to raise capital in the public or private equity markets. In addition, there can be no assurance that our common stock would be eligible for trading on any such alternative exchange or markets.
Delisting from Nasdaq could adversely affect our ability to raise additional financing through public or private sales of equity securities, would significantly affect the ability of investors to trade our securities and would negatively affect the value and liquidity of our common stock. Delisting could also have other negative results, including the potential loss of confidence by employees, the loss of institutional investor interest and fewer business development opportunities.
| 14 |
Some provisions of our charter documents and Delaware law may have anti-takeover effects that could discourage an acquisition of us by others, even if an acquisition would be beneficial to our stockholders, and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management. Provisions in our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, each as amended, as well as provisions of Delaware law, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, or for a change in the composition of our Board of Directors (our “Board” or “Board of Directors”) or management to occur, even if doing so would benefit our stockholders. These provisions include:
| Authorizing the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock, the terms of which may be established and shares of which may be issued without stockholder approval; | |
| Dividing our Board into three classes; |
| Limiting the removal of directors by the stockholders; and |
| Limiting the ability of stockholders to call a special meeting of stockholders. |
In addition, we are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which generally prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any of a broad range of business combinations with an interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date on which the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless such transactions are approved by our Board. This provision could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control, whether or not it is desired by, or beneficial to, our stockholders.
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Risks RelatedRelating to this Offering
You will experience immediate dilution as a result of this offering and substantialmay experience additional dilution in the net tangible book value per share of the common stock you purchase in this offering.
Because the effectivefuture. The public offering price per share in this offering exceedsfor the units offered hereby will be substantially higher than the net tangible book value per share of our common stock outstanding prior toimmediately after this offering. If you purchase units in this offering, you will incur ansubstantial and immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of your investment. Net tangible book value per share represents the sharesamount of common stock you purchase in this offering ortotal tangible assets less total liabilities less lease liabilities, divided by the sharesnumber of common stock underlying the Common Warrants you purchase in this offering. After giving effect to the sale by us of (i) [●] shares of our common stock atthen outstanding. To the extent that warrants that are currently outstanding or that are issued in this offering price of $[●] per share ofare exercised, there will be further dilution to your investment. We may also issue additional common stock, warrants, options and (ii) Common Warrants to purchase [●] shares of common stock atother securities in the offering price of $[●] per Common Warrant, and after deducting placement agent fees and estimated offering expenses payable by us and assuming full exercise of the Common Warrants, you will experience immediate dilution of $[●] per share, representing the difference between the effective offering price per share and our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2021 after giving effect to the conversion of $100,000 convertible notes on October 13, 2021 held by Nanyang Investment Management Pte. Ltd. (“Nanyang”) into 200,000 shares of common stock (as adjusted for the reverse split) and aggregate payments of $5,000,000 and the issuance of 66,667 total shares of common stock (as adjusted for the reverse split) for the second tranche of the common stock purchase agreement, dated August 2, 2021 between the Company and BD1 (“the BD1 Common Stock SPA”) between October 29 and November 5, 2021, and this offering. In addition, pursuant to this offering, we will issue Underwriter Warrants to purchase up to [●] shares of our common stock. The exercise of warrantsfuture that may result in further dilution of your investment. See “Dilution”, on page 21shares of this prospectus for a more detailed discussion of the dilution you will incur if you participate in this offering.
Holders of Common Warrants purchased in this offering will have no rights as common stockholders until such holders exercise their Common Warrants and acquire our common stock.
Until holders
Future sales of our common stock, or the perception that such sales may occur, could depress the trading price of our common stock. After the completion of this offering (and assuming no exercise of the Common Warrants acquireor the Pre-Funded Warrants), we expect to have 8,448,614 shares of our common stock upon exerciseoutstanding, which may be resold in the public market immediately after this offering. We and all of such warrants, holdersour directors and executive officers, and certain of Common Warrants willour stockholders, have no rights with respectsigned lock-up agreements for a period of six months following the date of this prospectus, subject to specified exceptions. See “Plan of Distribution.”
The placement agent may, in its sole discretion and without notice, release all or any portion of the shares of our common stock underlying such Common Warrants. Upon exercisesubject to lock-up agreements. As restrictions on resale end, the market price of the Common Warrants,our common stock could drop significantly if the holders of these shares of our common stock sell them or are perceived by the market as intending to sell them. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to raise additional funds through future offerings of our common stock or other securities.
The best efforts structure of this offering may have an adverse effect on our business plan. The placement agent is offering the securities in this offering on a best efforts basis. The placement agent is not required to purchase any securities, but will use its best efforts to sell the securities offered. As a “best efforts” offering, there can be entitledno assurance that the offering contemplated hereby will ultimately be consummated or will result in any proceeds being made available to exerciseus. The success of this offering will impact our ability to use the rights of a common stockholder only asproceeds to matters for whichexecute our business plan. We may have insufficient capital to implement our business plan, potentially resulting in greater operating losses unless we are able to raise the record date occurs after the exercise date.required capital from alternative sources. There is no assurance that alternative capital, if needed, would be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all.
We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds ofwe receive from this offering and despite our efforts, we may not use the net proceeds in a manner that does not increase the value of your investment.
them effectively. Our management will have broad discretion in the application of our existing cash and the net proceeds fromwe receive in this offering, including for any of the purposes described in the section titledentitled “Use of Proceeds,” and you will not have the opportunity as part of your investment decision to assess whether suchour management is using the net proceeds are being used appropriately. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine our use of our existing cash and the net proceeds from this offering, their ultimate use may vary substantially from their currently intended use. Our management might not apply our existing cash and the net proceeds from this offering in ways that ultimately increase the value of your investment. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could harmresult in financial losses that could have a material adverse effect on our business.business and cause the price of our common stock to decline. Pending their use, we may invest our net proceeds from this offering in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing securities. These investments may not yield a favorable return to our stockholders. If
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MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA
Unless otherwise indicated, information contained (or incorporated by reference) in this prospectus concerning our industry and the markets in which we dooperate is based on information from independent industry and research organizations, other third-party sources and management estimates. Management estimates are derived from publicly available information released by independent industry analysts and third-party sources, as well as data from our internal research, and are based on assumptions made by us upon reviewing such data and our knowledge of such industry and markets which we believe to be reasonable. Although we believe the data from these third-party sources is reliable, we have not invest or applyindependently verified any third-party information. In addition, projections, assumptions and estimates of the future performance of the industry in which we operate and our future performance are necessarily subject to uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in “Risk Factors" and “Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent parties and by us.
USE OF PROCEEDS
We expect to receive net proceeds from this offering in ways that enhance stockholder value, we may fail to achieve expected financial results, which could cause our stock price to decline.
There can be no assurance of a market for our common stock.
Our common stock was recently approved for Nasdaq listing on [●], 2022. There can be no assurance any market maker will be interested in trading our stock. Therefore, it may be difficult to sell your shares of common stock if you desire or need to sell them. As a result, no assurances can be given that you will be able to readily sell your common stock at a price equal to or above the price you paid. is the underwriters are not obligated to make a market in our securities, and even if they make a market, they can discontinue market making at any time without notice. Neither we nor the underwriters can provide any assurance that an active and liquid trading market in our securities will develop or, if developed, that such market will continue.
Moreover, the trading price of our common stock has fluctuated substantially over the past few years, and there remains a significant risk that our common stock price may continue to fluctuate substantially in the future in response to various factors, including any material developments, material variations in our periodic operating results, departures or additions of management or other key personnel, announcements of acquisitions, mergers, share consolidations, or new technology or patents, new product developments, significant litigation matters, gain or loss of significant licensees or strategic alliances,
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significant capital transactions, substantial sales of our common stock in our trading market, and general and specific market and economic conditions.
As a newly listed company on Nasdaq, we will incur materially increased costs and be subject to additional regulations and requirements.
As a newly exchange-listed public company on Nasdaq, we will incur material additional legal, accounting and other expenses, including payment of annual exchange fees, to satisfy the continued listing standards for Nasdaq. If our common stock is listed on Nasdaq, we must meet certain financial and liquidity criteria to maintain our listing. If we fail to meet any of Nasdaq’s listing standards, our common stock may be delisted. In addition, our Board may determine that the cost of maintaining our listing on a national securities exchange outweighs the benefits of such listing. A delisting of our common stock from Nasdaq may materially impair our stockholders’ ability to buy and sell our common stock and could have an adverse effect on the market price of, and the efficiency of the trading market for, our common stock. The delisting of our common stock could significantly impair our ability to raise capital and the value of your investment.
General Risk Factors
An occurrence of an uncontrollable event such as the COVID-19 pandemic may negatively affect our operations. The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic in the United States and world-wide has caused business disruption which may negatively impact the Company’s operations and financial results. We have seen longer lead time and higher cost in raw materials and equipment parts, increased labor cost in line with overall inflation witnessed across the country, and extended products and development cycle causing longer delivery time to our customers. We have also seen disruptions to supply chain and staff on location due to illness, like companies everywhere. Public health officials continue to recommend and mandate precautions to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, including as it relates to travel, congregating in heavily populated areas and stay-at-home orders or similar measures. While some of these measures have been lifted, there is considerable uncertainty around the duration of the pandemic in the United States and world-wide. Our entire business may be adversely impacted by actions taken to contain or treat the impact of COVID-19. The extent of such impact will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. The impact of COVID-19 on our operations and financial results, therefore, cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements contained in this prospectus, which reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance, and any other statements of a future or forward-looking nature, constitute “forward-looking statements” for the purpose of the federal securities laws. Our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our or our management’s expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words “estimates,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “projects,” “plans,” “intends,” “believes,” “forecasts,” “foresees,” “likely,” “may,” “should,” “goal,” “target,” and variations of such words or similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.
These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside of our control, that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements, including, among other things, the matters discussed in this prospectus in the sections captioned “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Factors you should consider that could cause these differences are:
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There may be other factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the results referred to in the forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances after the date made, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $[●] ($[●]if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional securities in full),$2.5 million, assuming a combined public offering price of $0.6445 per share of common stock and related warrant of $[●],unit, the closinglast reported sale price per share of our common stock on the OTC MarketsNasdaq Capital Market on [●], 2022,February 14, 2024, after deducting the underwritingestimated placement agent discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. If the warrants are exercised in full for cash, the estimated net proceeds will increase to $[●] (or $[●] if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional securities is exercised in full). The net proceeds will be used for general working capital purposes.
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DILUTION
If you investEach $0.10 increase (decrease) in our securities in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted immediately to the extent of the difference between the assumed combined public offering price per share of common stock and related warrant and as adjusted, net tangible book value per share of common stock immediately after this offering.
Our net tangible book value applicable to common stock is the amount of our total tangible assets less our total liabilities and preferred stock. Our net tangible book value as of September 30, 2021 was $(10,161,856), or $(2.11) per share of common stock (as adjusted for the reverse split). After giving effect to the conversion of $9,300,000 aggregate convertible notes into 18,600,000 shares of common stock between October 5, 2021 and February 3, 2022, and aggregate payments of $5,000,000 and the issuance of 66,667 total shares of common stock between October 29 and November 5, 2021, and the conversion of all of our outstanding shares of Series 1A convertible preferred stock into 7,400,000 total shares of common stock, our pro forma tangible book value, as of September 30, 2021 (all numbers as adjusted per the 1:5,000 reverse stock split effected at the close of business on January 28, 2022) would have been $4,138,144, or $0.14 per common share. Assuming the sale of [●] shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to [●] shares of common stock at an assumed combined public offering price of [●]$0.6445 per share and related warrant (the closingunit, the last reported sale price per share of our common stock on the OTC MarketsNasdaq Capital Market on [●], 2022), no exercise of the warrants being offered in this offering, and, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our as adjusted, pro forma net tangible book value, as of September 30, 2021, would have been approximately $[●], or approximately $[●] per common share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value per share of $[●] to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of approximately $[●] per share to new investors purchasing shares of our common stock in this offering.
Dilution per share to new investors is determined by subtracting the as adjusted, net tangible book value per share after this offering from the combined public offering price per share and related warrant paid by new investors.
The following table illustrates this per share dilution:
Assumed combined public offering price per share and related warrant |
| $ | [●] |
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Net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2021 (giving effect to the reverse stock split) |
| $ | (2.11) |
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Pro forma net tangible book value per share after giving effect to share issuances and conversions after September 30, 2021 |
| $ | 0.14 |
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Increase in as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering |
| $ | [●] |
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As adjusted, net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering |
| $ | [●] |
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Dilution per share to new investors |
| $ | [●] |
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A 50% increase (decrease) in the assumed combined public offering price per share of common stock and related warrantFebruary 15, 2024, would increase (decrease) the as adjusted, net tangible book value per shareproceeds to us by $[●] ($[●]), and the dilution per share to new investors in this offering by $[●] ($[●]),approximately $0.4 million, assuming that the number of common stock and warrantsunits offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remainremains the same, and after deducting the underwritingestimated placement agent fees and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We may also increase or decrease the number of units we are offering. Each increase (decrease) of 500,000 units in the number of units offered by us would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us by approximately $0.3 million, assuming that the assumed public offering price remains the same, and after deducting the estimated placement agent discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
Conversely,
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with our existing cash for general and administration expenses.
Our expected use of net proceeds from this offering represents our current intentions based upon our present plans and business condition. As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot predict with complete certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds to be received upon the completion of this offering or the actual amounts that we will spend on the uses set forth above. We believe opportunities may exist from time to time to expand our current business through the acquisition or in-license of complementary product candidates. While we have no current agreements for any specific acquisitions or in-licenses at this time, we may use a decreaseportion of 50%the net proceeds for these purposes.
Pending the uses described above, we plan to invest the net proceeds from this offering in short- and intermediate-term, interest-bearing obligations, investment-grade instruments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.
MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Market Information
On August 24, 2022, our common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Our trading symbol is “ASTI.”
Holders
As of February 15, 2024, the number of record holders of our common stock was 34. Because many of our shares of common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of stockholders represented by these record holders.
Dividends
The holders of common stock are entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared by our Board of Directors. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022we did not pay any common stock dividends, and we do not expect to declare or pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Payment of future dividends will be within the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on, among other factors, our retained earnings, capital requirements, and operating and financial condition.
CAPITALIZATION
Except as otherwise noted, all information in this prospectus reflects and assumes (i) no sale of Pre-Funded Warrants in this offering, which, if sold, would reduce the number of shares of common stock (or common stock underlying pre-funded warrants)that we are offering on a one-for-one basis and related warrants offered by us, as set forth on(ii) no exercise of the cover page of this prospectus, would decrease the as adjusted, net tangible book value by approximately $[●] per share and increase the dilution to investors participatingCommon Warrants issued in this offering by approximately $[●] per share, assuming the assumed combined public offering price per share of common stock and related warrant remains the same and after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
The information above assumes that the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional securities. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional securities in full, the as adjusted, net tangible book value will increase to $[●] per share, representing an immediate increase to existing stockholders of $[●] per share and an immediate dilution of $[●] per share to new investors.
We may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. To the extent that additional capital is raised through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities could result in further dilution to our stockholders.
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CAPITALIZATIONoffering.
The following table sets forthdescribes our cash and capitalization at September 30, 2021as of December 31, 2023, on a pro forma basis, and on a pro forma as adjusted basis, to give effect to the sale of our securities and the application of the estimated net proceeds derived from the sale of such securities.
• | On an actual basis; | |
• | On a pro forma basis, to reflect | |
• | On an as adjusted basis to |
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The as adjusted information below is illustrative only, and our capitalization following the completion of this offering will be adjusted based on the actual public offering price and other terms determined at pricing. You should read the data set forth in the table below in conjunctionthis information together with our financial statements includingand related notes set forth elsewhere in this prospectus and the related notes,information set forth under the headings “Use of Proceeds” in this prospectus and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” from our Quarterly Report on From 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2021, set forth elsewhere in this prospectus.
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| $ | 4,281,094 |
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Total liabilities |
| $ | 16,061,155 |
| $ | 6,761,155 |
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Common stock, $0.0001 par value; [ ] shares authorized, [ ] shares issued and outstanding, actual; issued and outstanding, as adjusted |
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Total stockholders' deficit |
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| $ | 382,427 |
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Total capitalization |
| $ | 11,443,562 |
| $ | 7,143,582 |
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| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,048,733 | $ | 3,552,733 | ||||
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| Preferred stock - $0.00001 par value, 750,000 authorized; and 48,100 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | 5 | 5 | ||||||
| Common stock - $0.00001 par value, 500,000,000 authorized; 3,583,846 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | 358 | 844 | ||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 480,942,526 | 480,942,526 | ||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (482,478,436 | ) | (482,478,436 | ) | ||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | 8,936 | 8,936 | ||||||
| Total shareholders’ equity (deficit) | (1,526,611 | ) | 1,137,802 | |||||
| Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 6,298,706 | $ | 8,963,119 | ||||
The tableEach $0.10 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $0.6445 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on February 15, 2024, would increase (decrease) the as adjusted amount of additional paid-in capital, total stockholders’ equity and discussion above assumes no exercisetotal capitalization by approximately $0.4 million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the Common Warrantscover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting the estimated placement agent discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We may also increase or decrease the number of shares we are offering. Each increase (decrease) of 500,000 units in the number of shares offered by us would increase (decrease) the as adjusted amount of each of additional paid-in capital, total stockholders’ equity and sold in this offering.total capitalization by approximately $0.3 million, assuming that the assumed price to the public remains the same, and after deducting the estimated placement agent discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable by us.
The number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding, actual and as adjusted, in the table above is based on 3,583,846 shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offeringas of December 31, 2023, and excludes:
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| · | 9,784 shares of our common stock | |
| · | 5,596,232 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding common stock warrants, which warrants will increase to 15,286,528 shares following a full ratchet adjustment to such warrants upon the consummation of this offering (based upon an assumed offering price of $0.6445 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on February 15, 2024), | |
| · | 3,572,635 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding common stock warrants, at an exercise price of $2.88 per share, | |
| · | 7155,111 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding prefunded warrants, at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share, | |
| · | 107,179 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding common stock warrants, at an exercise price of $3.60 per share, | |
| · | 7,076 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding common stock warrants, at an exercise price of $1,060 per share, | |
| · | 2,054,995 shares reserved for issuance upon the conversion of | |
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DILUTION
Except as otherwise noted, all information in this prospectus reflects and assumes (i) no sale of Pre-Funded warrants in this offering, which, if sold, would reduce the number of shares of common stock that we are offering on a one-for-one basis and (ii) no exercise of the Common Warrants issued in this offering.
If you invest in our units in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the assumed public offering price per unit and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.
Historical net tangible book value (deficit) per share is determined by dividing our total tangible assets less our total liabilities less lease liabilities by the total number of shares of common stock outstanding. Our historical net tangible book value (deficit) as of December 31, 2023, was approximately $(1,410,796), or $(0.39) per share, based on 3,583,846 shares of common stock outstanding as of that date.
After giving effect to receipt of the net proceeds from our sale of 4,654,771 units in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $0.6445 per unit, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on February 15, 2024, after deducting the estimated placement agent discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2023 would have been approximately $1,093,205, or $0.13 per share. This represents an immediate increase in as adjusted net tangible book value of $0.52 per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $0.51 per share to new investors participating in this offering.
The following table illustrates this dilution per share:
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| Historical net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2023 | $ | (0.39) | ||||||
| Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to | $ | 0.52 | ||||||
| As adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering | $ | 0.13 | ||||||
| Dilution per share to new investors participating in this offering | $ | 0.51 | ||||||
Each $0.10 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $0.6445 per unit, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on February 15, 2024, would increase (decrease) the as adjusted net tangible book value by $0.05 per share and the dilution per share to new investors by $0.05 per share, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting the estimated placement agent discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
We may also increase or decrease the number of units we are offering. Each increase (decrease) of 500,000 units in the number of units we are offering would increase (decrease) our as adjusted net tangible book value by approximately $0.3 million, ($0.03) per share, and decrease (increase) the dilution per share to new investors participating in this offering by $0.03 per share, assuming that the assumed public offering price remains the same, and after deducting the estimated placement agent discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. The as adjusted information discussed above is illustrative only and will change based on the actual public offering price, number of shares and other terms determined at pricing.
The foregoing table and calculations (other than the historical net tangible book value calculation) are based on 3,583,846 shares of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2023, and excludes:
| · | 9,784 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under outstanding restricted stock units (“RSUs”) granted as employment inducement award to our CEO, | |
| · | 5,596,232 shares of common stock | |
| · | 3,572,635 shares of common | |
| · | 715,111 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding prefunded warrants, at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share, | |
| · | 107,179 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding common stock warrants, at an exercise price of $3.60 per share, | |
| · | 7,076 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding common stock warrants, at an exercise price of $1,060 per share, | |
| · | 2,054,995shares reserved for issuance upon the conversion of our outstanding senior secured convertible notes and conversions payable related to the | |
| · | 525,000 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our new 2023 Equity Incentive Plan, which our board intends to adopt following the completion of this offering, and | |
| · | 139,643 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of the placement agent’s warrants issued in connection with this offering. |
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22MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion and analysis contains statements of a forward-looking nature relating to future events or our future financial performance. As a result of many factors, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.
Overview
We are a company formed to commercialize flexible PV modules using our proprietary technology. For the year ended December 31, 2023 we generated $458,260 of total revenue, of which, product sales accounted for $397,886 and milestone and engineering revenue accounted for $60,374. As of December 31, 2023, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $482,478,436.
Significant Trends, Uncertainties and Challenges
We believe the significant trends, uncertainties and challenges that directly or indirectly affect our financial performance and results of operations include:
| · | Our ability to generate customer acceptance of and demand for our products; |
| · | Successful ramping up of commercial production on the equipment installed; |
| · | The substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern due to our history of operating losses; |
| · | Our products are successfully and timely certified for use in our target markets; |
| · | Successful operating of production tools to achieve the efficiencies, throughput and yield necessary to reach our cost targets; |
| · | The products we design are saleable at a price sufficient to generate profits; |
| · | Our ability to raise sufficient capital to enable us to reach a level of sales sufficient to achieve profitability on terms favorable to us; |
| · | Effective management of the planned ramp up of our domestic and international operations; |
| · | Our ability to successfully develop and maintain strategic relationships with key partners, including OEMs, system integrators, and distributors, who deal directly with end users in our target markets; |
| · | Our ability to maintain the listing of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market; |
| · | Our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting; |
| · | Our ability to achieve projected operational performance and cost metrics; |
| · | Our ability to enter into commercially viable licensing, joint venture, or other commercial arrangements; and |
| · | Availability of raw materials. |
Basis of Presentation: The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“US GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We have identified the policies below as critical to our business operations and to the understanding of our financial results:
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Significant Accounting Policies
Inventories: All inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined using the weighted average method. Inventory balances are frequently evaluated to ensure they do not exceed net realizable value. The computation for net realizable value takes into account many factors, including expected demand, product life cycle and development plans, module efficiency, quality issues, obsolescence and others. Management's judgment is required to determine reserves for obsolete or excess inventory. If actual demand and market conditions are less favorable than those estimated by management, additional inventory write downs may be required.
Impairment of Long-lived assets: We analyze our long-lived assets (property, plant and equipment) and definitive-lived intangible assets (patents) for impairment, both individually and as a group, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. Events that might cause impairment would include significant current period operating or cash flow losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset or group of assets combined with a history of such losses, significant changes in the manner of use of assets and significant negative industry or economic trends. An undiscounted cash flow analysis is calculated to determine if an impairment exists. If an impairment is determined to exist, any related loss is calculated using the difference between the fair value and the carrying value of the assets.
Convertible Debt: The Company evaluates its convertible debt instruments to determine if there is an embedded derivative or other feature that requires bifurcation from the host contract. Please refer to Note 10 for further discussion on each convertible debt.
Derivatives: The Company evaluates its financial instruments under FASB ASC 815, "Derivatives and Hedging" to determine whether the instruments contain an embedded derivative. When an embedded derivative is present, the instrument is evaluated for a fair value adjustment upon issuance and at the end of every period. Any adjustments to fair value are treated as gains and losses in fair values of derivatives and are recorded on the Statement of Operations.
Revenue Recognition:
Product revenue. We recognize revenue for the sale of PV modules and other equipment sales at a point in time following the transfer of control of such products to the customer, which typically occurs upon shipment or delivery depending on the terms of the underlying contracts. For module and other equipment sales contracts that contain multiple performance obligations, we allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation identified in the contract based on relative standalone selling prices, or estimates of such prices, and recognize the related revenue as control of each individual product is transferred to the customer.
Milestone and engineering revenue. Each milestone and engineering arrangement is a separate performance obligation. The transaction price is estimated using the most likely amount method and revenue is recognized as the performance obligation is satisfied through achieving manufacturing or cost targets and engineering targets.
Government contract revenue. Revenue from government research and development contracts is generated under terms that are cost plus fee or firm fixed price. We generally recognize this revenue over time using cost-based input methods, which recognize revenue and gross profit as work is performed based on the relationship between actual costs incurred compared to the total estimated costs of the contract. In applying cost-based input methods of revenue recognition, we use the actual costs incurred relative to the total estimated costs to determine our progress towards contract completion and to calculate the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize.
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Cost based input methods of revenue recognition are considered a faithful depiction of our efforts to satisfy long-term government research and development contracts and therefore reflect the performance obligations under such contracts. Costs incurred that do not contribute to satisfying our performance obligations are excluded from our input methods of revenue recognition as the amounts are not reflective of our transferring control under the contract. Costs incurred towards contract completion may include direct costs plus allowable indirect costs and an allocable portion of the fixed fee. If actual and estimated costs to complete a contract indicate a loss, provision is made currently for the loss anticipated on the contract.
Share-Based Compensation: The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees, officers, directors, and consultants based on estimated fair values. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest, net of estimated forfeitures, is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis, over the requisite service period in the Company’s Statements of Operations. Share-based compensation is based on awards ultimately expected to vest and is reduced for estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, as necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company estimates the fair value of its restricted stock awards as its stock price on the grant date.
Research, Development and Manufacturing Operations Costs: Research, development and manufacturing operations expenses include: 1) technology development costs, which include expenses incurred in researching new technology, improving existing technology and performing federal government research and development contracts, 2) product development costs, which include expenses incurred in developing new products and lowering product design costs, and 3) pre-production and production costs, which include engineering efforts to improve production processes, material yields and equipment utilization, and manufacturing efforts to produce saleable product. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs are expensed as incurred, with the exception of costs related to inventoried raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods, which are expensed as Cost of revenue as products are sold.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging Contracts in Entity s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity s Own Equity. ASU 2020-06 will simplify the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation models are (1) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting and (2) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as paid-in capital. ASU 2020-06 also amends the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity to reduce form-over-substance-based accounting conclusions. ASU 2020-06 will be effective for public companies that are smaller reporting companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Management adopted ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2023.
Management is evaluating the impact of other new pronouncements issued but not effective as of December 31, 2023. See footnote 2 for additional information.
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Results of Operations
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | $ Change | ||||||||||
| Revenues | ||||||||||||
| Product Revenue | 397,886 | 694,286 | (296,400 | ) | ||||||||
| Milestone and engineering | 60,374 | 528,500 | (468,126 | ) | ||||||||
| Total Revenues | 458,260 | 1,222,786 | (764,526 | ) | ||||||||
| Costs and Expenses | ||||||||||||
| Cost of Revenue | 1,892,341 | 2,011,459 | (119,118 | ) | ||||||||
| Research, development and manufacturing operations | 3,222,283 | 5,975,921 | (2,753,638 | ) | ||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 5,364,523 | 4,736,562 | 627,961 | |||||||||
| Share-based compensation | 2,243,445 | 5,478,734 | (3,235,289 | ) | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 95,238 | 75,645 | 19,593 | |||||||||
| Impairment loss | 3,283,715 | — | 3,283,715 | |||||||||
| Total Costs and Expenses | 16,101,545 | 18,278,321 | (2,176,776 | ) | ||||||||
| Loss From Operations | (15,643,285 | ) | (17,055,535 | ) | 1,412,250 | |||||||
| Other Income/(Expense) | ||||||||||||
| Other Income/(Expense), net | 747,739 | 33,100 | 714,639 | |||||||||
| Interest Expense | (2,174,118 | ) | (2,704,909 | ) | 530,791 | |||||||
| Total Other Income/(Expense) | (1,426,379 | ) | (2,671,809 | ) | 1,245,430 | |||||||
| Income/(Loss) on Equity Method Investment | (232 | ) | (27,361 | ) | 27,129 | |||||||
| Net Income/(Loss) | (17,069,896 | ) | (19,754,705 | ) | 2,684,809 | |||||||
Revenues. Total revenues decreased by $764,526, or by 63%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease in sales is due primarily to Milestone and engineering revenue from TubeSolar in 2022 which was not repeated in the current year. Additionally, in 2022, the Company had a large order from one customer that was not repeated in 2023. This is partially offset with revenue recognized from fulfilling a supply agreement under the Asset Purchase Agreement executed in April 2023.
Cost of revenues. Cost of revenues is comprised primarily of repair and maintenance, direct labor and overhead expenses. Our cost of revenues decreased by $119,118, or 6% for the year ended December 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease in cost of revenues is primarily due to the decrease in manufacturing costs as the Company redeployed it manufacturing facilities to a research facility in March 2023 and restarted limited manufacturing in late 2023. This is partially offset by increased expenses from our asset acquisition of Flisom's manufacturing equipment and employee contract. Management believes our factory is currently significantly under-utilized, and a substantial increase in revenue would result in marginal increases to indirect labor and overhead included in the cost of revenues.
Research, development and manufacturing operations. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs include costs incurred for product development, pre-production and production activities in our manufacturing facility. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs also include costs related to technology development. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs decreased by $2,753,638 or 46%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. This is primarily due to a decrease in preproduction and manufacturing activities, as the Company redeployed its Thornton manufacturing facility as a perovskite research facility in March 2023 and restarted limited manufacturing in late 2023.
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Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $627,961, or 13%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. The increase in costs is due primarily to increased professional services and other administrative expenses. This increase is partially offset by one-time termination expense of approximately $500,000 and $157,000 recognized with the departure of our former CEO and CFO, respectively, in 2022.
Share-based compensation. Share-based compensation expense decreased by $3,235,289 or 59%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease is primarily due to the employment termination of former CEO in April 2023. The year ended 2022 expense also includes the immediate vesting of 20% of the former CEO's restricted stock units.
Impairment loss. The Company recognized an impairment loss of $3,283,715 primarily on the manufacturing assets purchased from Flisom during the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company did not recognize an impairment loss during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Other Income/(Expense). Other expense decreased by $1,245,430 or 47%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. The decline is due primarily to a one-time employment retention credit received and a gain on lease modification. Additionally, the Company recorded accelerating debt discount as interest expense in the prior year. With the adoption of ASU 2020-06, the accelerated debt discount is now recorded in stockholders' equity.
Net Income/(Loss). Our Net Loss was $17,069,896 for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to Net Loss of $19,754,705 for the year ended December 31, 2022, a decrease of $2,684,809. The decrease is due to the reasons described above.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company has continued limited PV production at its manufacturing facility. The Company does not expect that sales revenue and cash flows will be sufficient to support operations and cash requirements until it has fully implemented its product strategy. During the year ended December 31, 2023 the Company used $9,536,879 in cash for operations.
Additional projected revenues are not anticipated to result in a positive cash flow position for the year 2024 overall and, as of December 31, 2023, the Company has working capital deficit of $4,225,559. As such, additional financing will be required for the Company to reach a level of sufficient sales to achieve profitability.
The Company continues to accelerate sales and marketing efforts related to its specialty PV application strategies through expansion of its sales and distribution channels. The Company continues activities to secure additional financing through strategic or financial investors, but there is no assurance the Company will be able to raise additional capital on acceptable terms or at all. If the Company's revenues do not increase rapidly, and/or additional financing is not obtained, the Company will be required to significantly curtail operations to reduce costs and/or sell assets. Such actions would likely have an adverse impact on the Company's future operations.
As a result of the Company’s recurring losses from operations, and the need for additional financing to fund its operating and capital requirements, there is uncertainty regarding the Company’s ability to maintain liquidity sufficient to operate its business effectively, which raises substantial doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
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Management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. These financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Following the receipt of $2.5 million in net proceeds from this offering, we believe our cash resources would be sufficient to fund our current operating plans into the third quarter of 2024. We have based these estimates, however, on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could spend our available financial resources much faster than we currently expect and need to raise additional funds sooner than we anticipate. If we are unable to raise additional capital when needed or on acceptable terms, we would be forced to delay, reduce, or eliminate our technology development and commercialization efforts.
Statements of Cash Flows Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
For the year ended December 31, 2023, our cash used in operations was $9,536,879 compared to $10,506,575 for the year ended December 31, 2022, a decrease of $969,696. The decrease is primarily the result of the decrease in manufacturing, the redeployment of the Thornton manufacturing facility as a Perovskite research facility, and the restart of limited manufacturing. For the year ended December 31, 2023, cash used in investing activities was $3,877,366 compared to cash used in investing activities of $265,472 for the year ended December 31, 2022. This change was primarily the result of the purchase of Flisom's manufacturing equipment in Switzerland. During the year ended December 31, 2023, cash used in operations of $9,536,879 were primarily funded through $11,200,000 in proceeds from issuances of preferred and common stock during 2023 and $13,500,000 in proceeds from the issuance of convertible debt in 2022.
Off Balance Sheet Transactions
As of December 31, 2023, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.
Smaller Reporting Company Status
We are a “smaller reporting company” meaning that the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million and our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company if either (i) the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million or (ii) our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million. As a smaller reporting company, we may rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirement that are available to smaller reporting companies. Specifically, as a smaller reporting company we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation.
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QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
Although our reporting currency is the U.S. Dollar, we conduct business and incur costs in the local currencies of other countries in which we operate, make sales and buy materials. As a result, we are subject to currency translation risk. Further, changes in exchange rates between foreign currenciesand the U.S. Dollar could affect our future net sales and cost of sales and could result in exchange losses.
We currently do not engage in hedging transactions to reduce our exposure to changes in currency exchange rates, although, we may do so in the future.
We hold no significant funds and have no future obligations denominated in foreign currencies as of the date of this prospectus.
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to market risks for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our cash equivalents and investment portfolio. As of the date of this prospectus, our cash equivalents consisted only of operating accounts held with financial institutions. From time to time, we may hold restricted funds, money market funds, investments in U.S. government securities and high-quality corporate securities. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal and provide liquidity on demand, while at the same time maximizing the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk. The direct risk to us associated with fluctuating interest rates is limited to our investment portfolio, and we do not believe a change in interest rates will have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
BUSINESS
Business Overview
We were incorporated on October 18, 2005 from the separation by ITN Energy Systems, Inc. (“ITN”) of its Advanced Photovoltaic Division and all of that division’s key personnel, core technologies, and certain trade secrets and royalty free licenses to use in connection with the manufacturing, developing marketing, and commercializing Copper-Indium-Gallium-diSelenide (“CIGS”) photovoltaic (“PV”) products.
We are an American solar technology company that manufactures and sells PV solar modules that are flexible, durable, and possess attractive power to weight and power to area performance. Our technology provides renewable power solutions to high-value production and specialty solar markets where traditional rigid solar panels are not suitable, including aerospace, agrivoltaics, and niche manufacturing/construction sectors. We operate in these target markets because they have highly specialized needs for power generation and offer attractive pricing due to the significant technological requirements.
We believe the value proposition of Ascent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in our target markets, but also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in these unique markets. Ascent designs and develops finished products for end users in these areas and collaborates with strategic partners to design and develop custom integrated solutions for products like airships and fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap in the needs of end users across some of these markets and believes it can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commercializing products for these customers.
The integration of Ascent's solar modules into space, near space, and aeronautic vehicles with ultra-lightweight and flexible solar modules is an important market opportunity for the Company. Customers in this market have historically required a high level of durability, high voltage and conversion efficiency from solar module suppliers, and we believe our products are well suited to compete in this premium market.
Product Update
During 2023, the Company continued developing its zinc oxysulfide process. Zinc oxysulfide is used as a cadmium-free window layer to improve the efficiency of CIGS-based solar cells. The newly developed process will eliminate the usage of Cadmium Sulfide making it a more environmentally friendly process and product. Company continued to advance its CIGS-based solar cells resulting in more powerful solar cells. Specifically, the Company's Titan module, which the Company is planning to ship as early as Q1 2024, has 16.5W beginning of life output in AM0 conditions. Using an estimated degradation rate of 0.5% per year (crystalline degrades at an estimated rate of 1% per year), the Titan module has an expected end of life power density of 165w/m2 output. During 2023, the Company also achieved spaceflight heritage for its space PV array products. Beyond establishment of NASA Technology Readiness Level 9 (TRL9) for the Company’s products, this achievement also validates Ascent’s CIGS material, manufacturing, integration, and quality processes, representing a significant milestone for its space solutions.
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Due to the high durability enabled by the monolithic integration employed by our technology, the capability to customize modules into different form factors and what we believe is the industry leading light weight and flexibility provided by our modules, we believe that the potential applications for our products are extensive, including integrated solutions anywhere that may need power generation such as portable power solutions, vehicles in space or in flight or dual-use installations on agricultural land.
Commercialization and Manufacturing Strategy
We manufacture our products by affixing a thin CIGS layer to a flexible, plastic substrate using a large format, roll-to-roll process that permits us to fabricate our flexible PV modules in an integrated sequential operation. We use proprietary monolithic integration techniques which enable us to form complete PV modules with little to no costly back-end assembly of inter-cell connections. Traditional PV manufacturers assemble PV modules by bonding or soldering discrete PV cells together. This manufacturing step typically increases manufacturing costs and, at times, proves detrimental to the overall yield and reliability of the finished product. By reducing or eliminating this added step, using our proprietary monolithic integration techniques, we believe we can achieve cost savings in, and increase the reliability of, our PV modules.
Advantages of CIGS on a Flexible Plastic Substrate
Thin film PV solutions differ based on the type of semiconductor material chosen to act as a sunlight absorbing layer, and also on the type of substrate on which the sunlight absorbing layer is affixed. To the best of our knowledge, we believe we are the only company in the world currently focused on commercial scale production of PV modules using CIGS on a flexible, plastic substrate with monolithic integration. We utilize CIGS as a semiconductor material because, at the laboratory level, it has a higher demonstrated cell conversion efficiency than amorphous silicon (“a-Si”) and cadmium telluride (“CdTe”). We also believe CIGS offers other compelling advantages over both a-Si and CdTe, including:
| · | CIGS versus a-Si: Although a-Si, like CIGS, can be deposited on a flexible substrate, its conversion efficiency, which already is generally much lower than that of CIGS, measurably degrades when it is exposed to ultraviolet light, including natural sunlight. To mitigate such degradation, manufacturers of a-Si solar cells are required to implement measures that add cost and complexity to their manufacturing processes. |
| · | CIGS versus CdTe: Although CdTe modules have achieved conversion efficiencies that are generally comparable to CIGS in production, we believe CdTe has never been successfully applied to a flexible substrate on a commercial scale. We believe the use of CdTe on a rigid, transparent substrate, such as glass, is unsuitable for a number of our applications. We also believe CIGS can achieve higher conversion efficiencies than CdTe in production. |
We believe our choice of substrate material further differentiates us from other thin-film PV manufacturers. We believe the use of a flexible, lightweight, insulating substrate that is easier to install provides clear advantages for our target markets, especially where rigid substrates are unsuitable. We also believe our use of a flexible, plastic substrate provides us significant cost advantages because it enables us to employ monolithic integration techniques on larger components, which we believe are unavailable to manufacturers who use flexible, metal substrates. Accordingly, we are able to significantly reduce part count, thereby reducing the need for costly back end assembly of inter cell connections. As the only company, to our knowledge, focused on the commercial production of PV modules using CIGS on a flexible, plastic substrate with monolithic integration, we believe we have the opportunity to address the aerospace, agrivoltaics and other weight-sensitive markets with transformational high quality, value added product applications. It is these same unique features and our overall manufacturing process that enable us to produce extremely robust, light and flexible products.
Competitive Strengths
We believe we possess a number of competitive strengths that provide us with an advantage over our competitors.
| · | We are a pioneer in CIGS technology with a proprietary, flexible, lightweight, high efficiency PV thin film product that positions us to penetrate a wide range of attractive high value added markets such as aerospace and agrivoltaics. In addition, we have provided renewable power solutions for off grid, portable power, transportation, defense, and other markets. By applying CIGS to a flexible plastic substrate, we have developed a PV module that is efficient, lightweight and flexible; with the highest power-to-weight ratio in at-scale commercially available solar. The market for space and near-space solar power application solutions, agrivoltaics, portable power systems, and transportation integrated applications represent a significant premium market for the Company. Relative to our thin film competitors, we believe our advantage in thin film CIGS on plastic technology provides us with a superior product offering for these strategic market segments. |
| · | We have the ability to manufacture PV modules for different markets and for customized applications without altering our production processes. Our ability to produce PV modules in customized shapes and sizes, or in a variety of shapes and sizes simultaneously, without interrupting production flow, provides us with flexibility in addressing target markets and product applications, and allows us to respond quickly to changing market conditions. Many of our competitors are limited by their technology and/or their manufacturing processes to a more restricted set of product opportunities. |
| · | Our integrated, roll-to-roll manufacturing process and proprietary monolithic integration techniques provide us a potential cost advantage over our competitors. Historically, manufacturers have formed PV modules by manufacturing individual solar cells and then interconnecting them. Our large format, roll-to-roll manufacturing process allows for integrated continuous production. In addition, our proprietary monolithic integration techniques allow us to utilize laser patterning to create interconnects, thereby creating PV modules at the same time we create PV cells. In so doing, we are able to reduce or eliminate an entire back end processing step, saving time as well as labor and manufacturing costs relative to our competitors. |
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| · | Our lightweight, powerful, and durable solar panels provide a performance advantage over our competitors. For applications where a premium is placed on the weight and profile of the product, our ability to integrate our PV modules into portable packages offers the customer a lightweight and durable solution. |
| · | Our proven research and development capabilities position us to continue the development of next generation PV modules and technologies. Our ability to produce CIGS based PV modules on a flexible plastic substrate is the result of a concerted research and development effort that began more than 20 years ago. We continue to pursue research and development in an effort to drive efficiency improvements in our current PV modules and to work toward next generation technologies and additional applications. |
| · | Our manufacturing process can be differentiated into two distinct functions; a front-end module manufacturing process and a back-end packaging process. Our ability to produce finished unpackaged rolls of CIGS material for shipment worldwide to customers for encapsulation and integration into various products enhances our ability to work with partners internationally and domestically. |
Markets and Marketing Strategy
We target high-value specialty solar markets including aerospace and agrivoltaics applications. This strategy enables us to fully leverage the unique advantages of our technology, including flexibility, durability and attractive power to weight and power to area performance. It further enables us to offer unique, differentiated solutions in large markets with less competition, and more attractive pricing.
We believe the value proposition of Ascent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in these markets, but also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in these unique markets. Ascent has the capability to design and develop finished products for end users in these areas as well as collaborate with strategic partners to design and develop custom integrated solutions for products like airships and fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap in the needs of end users across some of these verticals and believes it can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commercializing products for these customers.
Competition
We believe our thin film, monolithically integrated CIGS technology enables us to deliver sleek, lightweight, rugged, high performance solutions to serve these markets as competitors from other thin film and c-Si companies emerge. The landscape of thin film manufacturers encompasses a broad mix of technology platforms at various stages of development and consists of a number of medium and small companies.
The market for traditional, grid connected PV products is dominated by large manufacturers of c-Si technology, although thin film technology on glass has begun to emerge among the major players. We anticipate that while these large manufacturers may continue to dominate the market with their silicon-based products, thin film manufacturers will likely capture an increasingly larger share of the market, as is evident from the success of First Solar (CdTe).
We believe that our modules offer unique advantages. Their flexibility, low areal density (mass per unit area), and high specific power (power per unit mass) enable use on weight-sensitive applications, such as portable power, conformal aircraft surfaces, high altitude long endurance (HALE) fixed wing and lighter than air (LTA) vehicles, and space applications that are unsuitable for glass-based modules. Innovative product design, customer focused development, and our rapid prototyping capability yield modules that could be integrated into virtually any product to create a source of renewable energy. Whether compared to glass based or other flexible modules, our products offer competitive advantages making them unique in comparison to competing products. We consider PowerFilm Solar, Global Solar, and MiaSolé, to be our closest competitors in terms of technology in the specialty PV market.
Research and Development and Intellectual Property
Our technology was initially developed at ITN beginning in 1994. In early 2006, ITN assigned to us certain CIGS PV-specific technologies, and granted to us a perpetual, exclusive, royalty free, worldwide license to use these technologies in connection with the manufacture, development, marketing and commercialization of CIGS PV to produce solar power. In addition, certain of ITN’s existing and future proprietary process and control technologies, although nonspecific to CIGS PV, were assigned to us. ITN retained the right to conduct research and development activities in connection with PV materials, and we agreed to grant a license back to ITN for improvements to the licensed technologies and intellectual property outside of the CIGS PV field.
We intend to continue to invest in research and development in order to provide near term improvements to our manufacturing process (including to reduce costs) and products (including improve technology to increase power), as well as to identify next generation technologies relevant to both our existing and potential new markets. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 we incurred approximately $3,222,283 and $5,975,921, respectively, in research, development and manufacturing operations costs, which include research and development incurred in customizing products for customers, as well as manufacturing costs incurred while developing our product lines and manufacturing process. We also plan to continue to take advantage of research and development contracts to fund a portion of this development.
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We protect our intellectual property through a combination of trade secrets and patent protections. We own the following patents:
Issued Patents
| 1 | US Patent No. 9,640,692 entitled "Flexible Photovoltaic Array with Integrated Wiring and Control Circuitry, and Associated Methods" (issued October 12, 2010) (co-owned with PermaCity Corporation) | |
| 2 | US Patent No. 8,426,725 entitled “Apparatus and Method for Hybrid Photovoltaic Device Having Multiple, Stacked, Heterogeneous, Semiconductor Junctions” (issued April 23, 2013) | |
| 3 | US Patent No. 8,465,589 entitled “Machine and Process for Sequential Multi-Sublayer Deposition of Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide Compound Semiconductors” (issued June 18, 2013) | |
| 4 | US Patent No. D697,502 entitled "Mobile Electronic Device Case” (issued January 14, 2014) | |
| 5 | US Patent No. 8,648,253 entitled “Machine and Process for Continuous, Sequential, Deposition of Semiconductor Solar Absorbers Having Variable Semiconductor Composition Deposited in Multiple Sublayers” (issued February 11, 2014) | |
| 6 | US Patent No. 9,538,671 entitled "System For Housing And Powering A Battery-Operated Device And Associated Methods" (issued January 3, 2017) | |
| 7 | US Patent No. D781,228 entitled "Pocket-Sized Photovoltaic Based Fully Integrated Portable Power System" (issued March 14, 2017) | |
| 8 | US Patent No. 9,601,650 entitled "Machine and Process for Continuous, Sequential, Deposition of Semiconductor Solar Absorbers Having Variable Semiconductor Composition Deposited in Multiple Sublayers" (issued March 21, 2017) | |
| 9 | US Patent No. 9,634,175 entitled "Systems and Methods for Thermally Managing High-Temperature Processes on Temperature Sensitive Substrates" (issued April 25, 2017) | |
| 10 | US Patent No. 9,640,706 entitled "Hybrid Multi-Junction Photovoltaic Cells and Associated Methods" (issued May 2, 2017) | |
| 11 | US Patent No. 9,640,692 entitled "Flexible Photovoltaic Array with Integrated Wiring and Control Circuitry, and Associated Methods" (issued May 2, 2017) | |
| 12 | US Patent No. 9,653,635 entitled Flexible High-Voltage Adaptable Current Photovoltaic Modules and Associated Methods (issued May 16, 2017) | |
| 13 | US Patent No. 9,780,242 entitled “Multilayer Thin-Film Back Contact System for Flexible Photovoltaic Devices on Polymer Substrates” (issued October 3, 2017) | |
| 14 | US Patent No. 9,929,306 entitled "Array of Monolithically Integrated Thin Film Photovoltaic Cells and Associated Methods" (issued March 27, 2018) |
Suppliers
We rely on several unaffiliated companies to supply certain raw materials used during the fabrication of our PV modules and PV integrated electronics. We acquire these materials on a purchase order basis and do not have long term purchase quantity commitments with the suppliers, although we may enter into such contracts in the future. We currently acquire all of our high temperature plastic from one supplier, although alternative suppliers of similar materials exist. We purchase component molybdenum, copper, indium, gallium, selenium and indium tin oxides from a variety of suppliers. We also currently are in the process of identifying and negotiating arrangements with alternative suppliers of materials in the United States and Asia.
The manufacturing equipment and tools used in our production process have been purchased from various suppliers in Europe, the United States and Asia. Although we have had good relations with our existing equipment and tools suppliers, we monitor and explore opportunities for developing alternative sources to drive our manufacturing costs down.
Employees
As of February 15, 2024, we had 16 full-time and 2 part-time employees.
Company History
We were formed in October 2005 from the separation by ITN of its Advanced Photovoltaic Division and all of that division’s key personnel and core technologies. ITN, a private company incorporated in 1994, is an incubator dedicated to the development of thin film, PV, battery, fuel cell and nanotechnologies. Through its work on research and development contracts for private and government entities, ITN developed proprietary processing and manufacturing know-how applicable to PV products generally, and to CIGS PV products in particular. Our Company was established by ITN to commercialize its investment in CIGS PV technologies. In January 2006, ITN assigned to us all its CIGS PV technologies and trade secrets and granted to us a perpetual, exclusive, royalty free worldwide license to use certain of ITN’s proprietary process, control and design technologies in the production of CIGS PV modules. Upon receipt of the necessary government approvals in January 2007, ITN assigned government funded research and development contracts to us and also transferred the key personnel working on the contracts to us.
PROPERTY
Our principal business office and manufacturing facility is located in a leased space at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, Colorado 80241. We have approximately 25,000 square feet of fully equipped office space and 50,000 square feet of fully equipped manufacturing space. We consider our office space adequate for our current operations.
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LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On August 15, 2023, H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“Wainwright”) filed an action against the Company in the New York State Supreme Court in New York County. The complaint alleges a breach by the Company of an investment banking engagement letter entered into in October 2021. The Wainwright engagement letter expired in April 2022 without any financing transaction having been completed. The complaint claims that Wainright is entitled, under a “tail provision” to an 8% fee and 7% warrant coverage on the Company’s $15 million secured convertible note financing. The complaint seeks damages of $1.2 million, 2,169.5 common stock warrants with a per share exercise price of $605, plus attorney fees.
While it is too early to predict the outcome of this legal proceeding or whether an adverse result would have a material adverse impact on our operations or financial position, we believe we have meritorious defenses and intend to defend this legal matter vigorously.
From time to time, we may become involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. We are not currently aware of any such proceedings or claims that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Our executive officers, directors, their ages and positions with us as of February 15, 2024, are as follows:
| Name | Age | Position | ||
| Paul Warley | 62 | President and Chief Executive Officer, Director | ||
| Jin Jo | 46 | Chief Financial Officer | ||
| Bobby Gulati | 59 | Chief Operating Officer | ||
| David Peterson | 54 | Chairman of the Board, Director | ||
| Forrest Reynolds | 53 | Director | ||
| Louis Berezovsky | 58 | Director | ||
| Gregory Thompson | 68 | Director |
Paul Warley has been Chief Executive Officer of the Company since May 2, 2023. Prior to then, Mr. Warley served as our Chief Financial Officer from December 2022 to May 2023. Mr. Warley was elected to our Board in December 2023. Mr. Warley has significant experience in corporate turnarounds, restructuring, cross-border trade and capital advisory work. From 2015 to 2022, Mr. Warley was president of Warley & Company LLC, a strategic advisory firm providing executive management, capital advisory and M&A services to middle-market companies in the service, construction, technology, oil & gas, clean energy, food, retail and green-building sectors. While at Warley & Company, from 2018 to 2019 Mr. Warley was engaged as Chief Executive Officer and CFO of 360Imaging, a provider of products and services for implant surgery and digital dentistry. From 2011 to 2015, Mr. Warley served clients in the alternative energy industry as a managing director and additionally was Chief Compliance Officer with Deloitte Corporate Finance. From 1997 to 2011, Mr. Warley was Managing Director and Region Manager for GE Capital. From 1984 to 1997, Mr. Warley was with Bank of America and Bankers Trust as a Senior Vice President. Mr. Warley holds the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Series 7, 24 and 63 licenses. He earned his B.S. degree in Business Administration from The Citadel (The Military College of South Carolina) and served in the U.S. Army, attaining the rank of Captain. While at Warley & Company LLC, Mr. Warley provided corporate finance consulting services to BD1 Investment Holding LLC, one of the Company’s largest stockholder. We believe Mr. Warley is well-qualified to serve as our CEO due to his business experience.
Jin Jo has been Chief Financial Officer of the Company since May 2023. Ms. Jo joined the Company in June 2021 as Financial Controller. Ms. Jo has over 20 years in accounting. From 2015 to 2021, Ms. Jo was the head of technical accounting of Empower Retirement, a financial services company, where her primary focus was accounting research for complex new products, investments and transactions, and new accounting standards implementation on International Financial Reporting Standards, US GAAP and insurance Statutory Accounting Principles. From 2011 to 2015, Ms. Jo was an Inspection Specialist at the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board where she assessed auditor compliance with audit professional standards. Ms. Jo started her career in public accounting, spending 11years in the audit and assurance practice serving both public and private companies.
Ms. Jo is a certified public accountant in the state of Colorado and earned her B.S. degree in Business Administration from the University of Colorado, Boulder. We believe Ms. Jo is well-qualified to serve as our CFO due to her business experience.
Bobby Gulati has been Chief Operating Officer since May 2023. He has over 30 years of executive leadership experience in engineering and manufacturing roles. Mr. Gulati joined Ascent in February 2012 as Head Equipment Engineer. In March 2014, he was promoted to Director of Equipment Engineering with emphasis on International Business Development. In 2020, Mr. Gulati was promoted to Chief Information Officer.
From 2010 to 2012 Mr. Gulati was the Director of Equipment Engineering for Twin Creeks Technologies, an amorphous silicon solar manufacturing company, and was responsible for the operations of the 5MW solar cell manufacturing facility in Senatobia, Mississippi. From 2001 to 2010, Mr. Gulati was the co-founder and President of TriStar Systems, a manufacturer of automated manufacturing and assembly equipment for the solar, aerospace and disk drive industries. From 1992 to 2000, Mr. Gulati was the co-founder and Chief Operating Officer of the publicly traded company NexStar Automation, whose focus was designing and building automated production equipment for the semiconductor and medical disposable industries. Mr. Gulati earned his B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering with a minor in Computer Science and Robotics from the University of Colorado, Denver.
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David Peterson has served on our Board since December 2020. Mr. Peterson has over 25 years of business management experience, including 9 years as a private equity investor, 6 years as a manager at an engineering consulting firm, and over 20 years of board experience. From April 2015 to present, Mr. Peterson has worked for EPD Consultants, Inc., a privately held engineering firm headquartered in Carson, California, where he serves as Senior Project Manager. From 2010 to 2015, Mr. Peterson was President and Co-Founder of Great Circle Industries, Inc., a water recycling company in southern California. His past experience includes being a board member at AIR-serv, LLC, a tire inflation vending machine manufacturer, where Mr. Peterson managed the acquisition process, including obtaining expansion of the company’s credit facility, as that company completed 10 acquisitions and grew from $10 million of EBITDA to $20 million of EBITDA in the year prior to its sale for $151 million to WindPoint Partners. Mr. Peterson has an MBA degree from the Marshall School of Business at the University of Southern California, and a B.A. from the University of California, Santa Cruz. Mr. Peterson and Michael Gilbreth, our former CFO, are cousins. We believe Mr. Peterson is well-qualified to serve as a director due to his extensive management and board experience.
Forrest Reynolds has served on our Board since September 2022. He has over 28 years of business and management experience and is currently the Managing Partner of CalTex Capital, LLC, a privately held investment firm, as well as a Managing Director of The Vortex Group Family Office, LLC, a private family office, both of which are based in Texas. Previously, Mr. Reynolds served as the Chief Restructuring Officer for Centaur Gaming, LLC, a gaming development company located in Indianapolis, Indiana. In this capacity, Mr. Reynolds managed a $1.0 billion Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization for the company. Prior to that, Mr. Reynolds worked in the investment banking industry for over 14 years holding various positions with several multinational investment banks including Credit Suisse, BT Alex Brown (later Deutsche Bank) and UBS. Mr. Reynolds sits on the board of several private companies and is actively involved with several charitable organizations. Mr. Reynolds graduated from The University of Texas at Austin where he received a B.B.A. in Finance and a B.A. in Economics. We believe Mr. Reynolds is well-qualified to serve as a director due to his knowledge and business experience.
Louis Berezovsky has served on our Board since September 2022. He joined Eagle Infrastructure Services in July 2013 and leads the Finance and Accounting, M&A, Human Resources, Legal and IT functions. He has more than 30 years of experience in senior financial management positions across a variety of industries including 25 years of working in private equity sponsored portfolio companies. His accomplishments include the completion more than 60 acquisitions as well as multiple recapitalizations and successful sale processes. Prior to joining Eagle, Mr. Berezovsky previously served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of ABRA Auto Body and Glass, Chief Financial Officer of ConvergeOne, and Chief Financial Officer of AIR-serv.
After receiving his B.S. in Accounting from the University of Minnesota, Carlson School of Management, he began his career at a Minneapolis based CPA firm. He is a Certified Management Accountant (CMA). He has also served as a member of the Board of Directors and as the Chairman of the Finance Committee for the Better Business Bureau of Minnesota and North Dakota since 2012. We believe Mr. Berezovsky is well-qualified to serve as a director due to his knowledge and business experience.
Gregory Thompson has served on our Board since April 2023. He is a four-time public company CFO with extensive global experience across several industries including technology, manufacturing, chemicals, building products, medical equipment, software and services, and public accounting. From December 2016 through June 2021, Mr. Thompson was EVP and CFO of KEMET Corporation (NYSE: KEM), a manufacturer of a broad selection of capacitor technologies, and a variety of other passive electronic components. In June 2020, KEMET was acquired by Yageo Corporation for approximately $1.8 billion. From 2008 to 2016, Mr. Thompson was EVP and CFO of Axiall Corporation (NYSE: AXLL), a manufacturer and marketer of chlorovinyls and aromatics (acetone, cumene, phenol). Axiall was sold to Westlake Chemical Corporation in late 2016. Prior to Axiall, Mr. Thompson was CFO of medical equipment manufacturer Invacare Corporation (NYSE: IVC) from 2002 to 2008, CFO of Sensormatic Electronics Corporation from 2000 to 2002, and Corporate Controller of Sensormatic from 1997 to 2000. Previously at Wang Laboratories, Inc. Mr. Thompson served as Vice President and Corporate Controller from 1994 to 1997 and Assistant controller from 1990 to 1994. He began his career at Price Waterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand where he spent 13 years serving international clients in industries including chemicals, construction, distribution, manufacturing, metals, retail, and technology.
Mr. Thompson earned a Bachelor of Science, Accounting from Virginia Tech in 1977. He is a Certified Public Accountant, and a Member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. We believe Mr. Thompson is well-qualified to serve as a director due to his knowledge and business experience.
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Overview
Our Bylaws provide that the size of our Board of Directors is to be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors, but shall consist of at least two and no more than nine members. Our Board of Directors currently consists of four members. The Board has determined that the following directors are “independent” as required by the listing standards of the Nasdaq Capital Market and by our corporate governance guidelines: Mr. Peterson, Mr. Reynolds, Mr. Berezovsky and Mr. Thompson.
Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that the Board of Directors will be divided into three classes. Our Class 1 directors are Forrest Reynolds and Louis Berezovsky. Our Class 2 directors are Paul Warley and Gregory Thompson. Our Class 3 director is David Peterson.
Board Leadership Structure and Role in Risk Oversight
Our corporate governance guidelines provide that unless the board chair is an independent director, the board shall appoint a Lead Independent Director. The Lead Independent Director chairs the executive sessions of the independent directors, coordinates the activities of the other independent directors and performs such other duties as deemed necessary by the board from time to time. Our Chairman is independent and as such, no Lead Independent Director has been appointed.
Risk is inherent with every business, and how well a business manages risk can ultimately determine its success. We face a number of risks, including credit risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, strategic risk and reputation risk. Management is responsible for the day-to-day management of risks we face, while the Board, as a whole and through its committees, has responsibility for the oversight of risk management. In its risk oversight role, the Board of Directors has the responsibility to satisfy itself that the risk management processes designed and implemented by management are adequate and functioning as designed. To do this, the Chairman of the Board meets regularly with management to discuss strategy and the risks we face. In addition, the Audit Committee regularly monitors our enterprise risk, including financial risks, through reports from management. Senior management attends the Board meetings and is available to address any questions or concerns raised by the Board on risk management and any other matters. The Chairman of the Board and independent members of the Board work together to provide strong, independent oversight of our management and affairs through the Board’s standing committees and, when necessary, executive sessions of the independent directors.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our Board has three standing committees: an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee, and a Nominating and Governance Committee. Each committee operates pursuant to a charter. The charters of the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee, and the Nominating and Governance Committee can be found on our website www.ascentsolar.com.
Audit Committee. Our Audit Committee oversees our accounting and financial reporting processes, internal systems of accounting and financial controls, relationships with independent auditors, and audits of financial statements. Specific responsibilities include the following:
| · | selecting, hiring and terminating our independent auditors; |
| · | evaluating the qualifications, independence and performance of our independent auditors; |
| · | approving the audit and non-audit services to be performed by our independent auditors; |
| · | reviewing the design, implementation, adequacy and effectiveness of our internal controls and critical accounting policies; |
| · | reviewing and monitoring the enterprise risk management process; |
| · | overseeing and monitoring the integrity of our financial statements and our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements as they relate to financial statements or accounting matters; |
| · | reviewing, with management and our independent auditors, any earnings announcements and other public announcements regarding our results of operations; and |
| · | preparing the report that the SEC requires in our annual proxy statement. |
Our Audit Committee is comprised of Mr. Berezovsky, Mr. Thompson and Mr. Reynolds. Mr. Berezovsky serves as Chairman of the Audit Committee. The Board has determined that all members of the Audit Committee are independent under the rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market, and that Mr. Berezovsky qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as defined by the rules of the SEC.
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Compensation Committee. Our Compensation Committee assists our Board in determining the development plans and compensation of our officers, directors and employees. Specific responsibilities include the following:
| · | approving the compensation and benefits of our executive officers; |
| · | reviewing the performance objectives and actual performance of our officers; and |
| · | administering our stock option and other equity compensation plans. |
The Compensation Committee reviews all components of compensation including base salary, bonus, equity compensation, benefits and other perquisites. In addition to reviewing competitive market values, the Compensation Committee also examines the total compensation mix, pay-for-performance relationship and how all elements, in the aggregate, comprise the executives’ total compensation package. The CEO makes recommendations to the Compensation Committee from time to time regarding the appropriate mix and level of compensation for other officers. Those recommendations consider the objectives of our compensation philosophy and the range of compensation programs authorized by the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee may determine director compensation by reviewing peer group data. Although the Compensation Committee has the authority to retain outside third parties, it does not currently utilize any outside consultants. The Compensation Committee may delegate certain of its responsibilities, as it deems appropriate, to other committees or officers.
Our Compensation Committee is comprised of Mr. Berezovsky, Mr. Thompson and Mr. Reynolds. Mr. Reynolds serves as Chairman of the Compensation Committee.
Our Board has determined that all members of the Compensation Committee are independent under the rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market.
Nominating and Governance Committee. Our Nominating and Governance Committee assists our Board by identifying and recommending individuals qualified to become members of our Board, reviewing correspondence from our stockholders, and establishing, evaluating and overseeing our corporate governance guidelines. Specific responsibilities include the following:
| · | evaluating the composition, size and governance of our Board and its committees and making recommendations regarding future planning and the appointment of directors to our committees; |
| · | establishing a policy for considering stockholder nominees for election to our Board; and |
| · | evaluating and recommending candidates for election to our Board. |
Our Nominating and Governance Committee is comprised of Mr. Berezovsky, Mr. Thompson and Mr. Reynolds. Mr. Thompson serves as Chairman of our Nominating and Governance Committee. Our Board has determined that all members of the Nominating and Governance Committee are independent under the rules of Nasdaq Capital Market.
When considering potential director candidates for nomination or election, the following characteristics are considered in accordance with our Nominating and Governance Committee Charter:
| · | high standard of personal and professional ethics, integrity and values; |
| · | training, experience and ability at making and overseeing policy in business, government and/or education sectors; |
| · | willingness and ability to keep an open mind when considering matters affecting interests of us and our constituents; |
| · | willingness and ability to devote the time and effort required to effectively fulfill the duties and responsibilities related to the Board and its committees; |
| · | willingness and ability to serve on the Board for multiple terms, if nominated and elected, to enable development of a deeper understanding of our business affairs; |
| · | willingness not to engage in activities or interests that may create a conflict of interest with a director’s responsibilities and duties to us and our constituents; and |
| · | willingness to act in the best interests of us and our constituents, and objectively assess Board, committee and management performances. |
In addition, in order to maintain an effective mix of skills and backgrounds among the members of our Board, the following characteristics also may be considered when filling vacancies or identifying candidates:
| · | diversity (e.g., age, geography, professional, other); |
| · | professional experience; |
| · | industry knowledge (e.g., relevant industry or trade association participation); |
| · | skills and expertise (e.g., accounting or financial); |
| · | leadership qualities; |
| · | public company board and committee experience; |
| · | non-business-related activities and experience (e.g., academic, civic, public interest); |
| · | continuity (including succession planning); |
| · | size of the Board; |
| · | number and type of committees, and committee sizes; and |
| · | legal and other applicable requirements and recommendations, and other corporate governance-related guidance regarding Board and committee composition. |
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The Nominating and Governance Committee will consider candidates recommended by stockholders who follow the nomination procedures in our bylaws. The Nominating and Governance Committee does not have a formal policy with respect to diversity; however, as noted above, the Board and the Nominating and Governance Committee believe that it is essential that Board members represent diverse viewpoints.
Number of Meetings
The Board held a total of 18 meetings in 2023. Our Audit Committee held four meetings, our Compensation Committee held one meeting, and our Nominating and Governance Committee held one meeting in 2023. Each director attended at least 75% of the aggregate of the total number of meetings of the Board and the Board committees on which he served.
Board Member Attendance at Annual Stockholder Meetings
Although we do not have a formal policy regarding director attendance at annual stockholder meetings, directors are encouraged to attend these annual meetings absent extenuating circumstances.
Stockholder Nominations
In accordance with our Bylaws, a stockholder wishing to nominate a director for election at an annual or special meeting of stockholders must timely submit a written proposal of nomination to us at our executive offices. To be timely, a written proposal of nomination for an annual meeting of stockholders must be received at least 90 calendar days but no more than 120 calendar days before the first anniversary of the date on which we held our annual meeting of stockholders in the immediately preceding year; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is advanced or delayed more than 30 calendar days from the anniversary of the annual meeting of stockholders in the immediately preceding year, the written proposal must be received: (i) at least 90 calendar days but no more than 120 calendar days prior to the date of the annual meeting; or (ii) no more than 10 days after the date we first publicly announce the date of the annual meeting. A written proposal of nomination for a special meeting of stockholders must be received no earlier than 120 calendar days prior to the date of the special meeting nor any later than the later of: (i) 90 calendar days prior to the date of the special meeting; and (ii) 10 days after the date we first publicly announce the date of the special meeting.
Each written proposal for a nominee must contain: (i) the name, age, business address and telephone number, and residence address and telephone number of the nominee; (ii) the current principal occupation or employment of each nominee, and the principal occupation or employment of each nominee for the prior ten (10) years; (iii) a complete list of companies, whether publicly traded or privately held, on which the nominee serves (or, during any of the prior ten (10) years, has served) as a member of the board of directors; (iv) the number of shares of our common stock that are owned of record and beneficially by each nominee; (v) a statement whether the nominee, if elected, intends to tender, promptly following such person’s failure to receive the required vote for election or reelection at the next meeting at which the nominee would face election or reelection, an irrevocable resignation effective upon acceptance of such resignation by the Board; (vi) a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement relating to voting agreements or commitments to which the nominee is a party; (vii) other information concerning the nominee that would be required in a proxy statement soliciting the nominee’s election; and (viii) information about, and representations from, the stockholder making the nomination.
A stockholder interested in submitting a nominee for election to the Board of Directors should refer to our Bylaws for additional requirements. Upon receipt of a written proposal of nomination meeting these requirements, the Nominating and Governance Committee of the Board will evaluate the nominee in accordance with its charter and the characteristics listed above.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
None of the current members of our compensation committee has ever been an executive officer or employee of ours. None of our executive officers currently serves, or has served during the last completed fiscal year, on the compensation committee or board of directors of any other entity that has one or more executive officers serving as a member of our board of directors or compensation committee.
Director Compensation
Currently, each of our non-executive directors, consisting of Mr. Berezovsky, Mr. Thompson, Mr. Peterson and Mr. Reynolds, receive an annual retainer of $55,000 in cash. Additionally, in 2023, Mr. Berezovsky, Mr. Michael French (resigned from the Board of Directors on March 18, 2023) and Mr. Reynolds were granted in 2022 and paid in 2023 a one-time cash fee of $20,000, $20,000 and $25,000, respectively. Mr. Berezovsky, Mr. Thompson, Mr. Peterson and Mr. Reynolds received an equity grant of 25,000, 25,000, 30,000, and 25,000 restricted stock units (“RSUs)”, respectively, in January, 2024. A third of these RSUs will vest on March 31, 2024, a third will vest on January 1, 2025 and the remaining third will vest on January 1, 2026. We do not provide any perquisites to directors but will reimburse all directors for expenses incurred in physically attending meetings or performing their duties as directors.
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The following Director Compensation Table summarizes the compensation of each of our non-employee directors for services rendered to us during the year ended December 31, 2023:
2023 Director Compensation Table
| Name | Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) | Stock Awards ($)(1) | Option Awards ($)(1) | All Other Compensation ($)(1) | Total ($) | |||||||||||||||
| Forrest Reynolds | 54,700 | — | — | — | 54,700 | |||||||||||||||
| Louis Berezovsky | 54,700 | — | — | — | 54,700 | |||||||||||||||
| Gregory Thompson (2) | 40,200 | — | — | — | 40,200 | |||||||||||||||
| David Peterson (3) | 26,400 | — | — | — | 26,400 | |||||||||||||||
| Michael French (4) | 12,700 | — | — | — | 12,700 | |||||||||||||||
| Paul Warley (5) | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| (1) | None. |
| (2) | In April, 2023, Gregory Thompson was appointed to the Company’s board of directors. | |
| (3) | In August, 2023, the Company’s board of directors concluded that David Peterson is an independent member in accordance with the Nasdaq listing rules and the Company commenced paying him an annual retainer of $55,000, including a catch up retainer payment for services performed in July. |
| (4) | In March, 2023, Michael French resigned from the Company’s board of directors. His resignation was not the result of any dispute or disagreement with the Company on any matter relating to the operations, policies or practices of the Company. |
| (5) | Paul Warley was elected to the Company’s board of directors in December, 2023. As a non-independent director, he will not receive compensation for his board service. |
In addition to the fees listed above, we reimburse the directors for travel expenses submitted to us related to their attendance at meetings of the Board or its committees. The directors did not receive any other compensation or personal benefits.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and other senior finance and accounting staff. The code is designed to, among other things, deter wrongdoing and to promote the honest and ethical conduct of our officers and employees. The text of our code of ethics can be found on our Internet website at www.ascentsolar.com. If we effect an amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of our code of ethics, we intend to satisfy our disclosure requirements by posting a description of such amendment or waiver on that Internet website or via a current report on Form 8-K.
Policy on Trading, Pledging and Hedging of Company Stock
Certain transactions in our securities (such as purchases and sales of publicly traded put and call options, and short sales) create a heightened compliance risk or could create the appearance of misalignment between management and stockholders. In addition, securities held in a margin account or pledged as collateral may be sold without consent if the owner fails to meet a margin call or defaults on the loan, thus creating the risk that a sale may occur at a time when an officer or director is aware of material, non-public information or otherwise is not permitted to trade in Company securities. Our insider trading policy expressly prohibits derivative transactions of our stock by our executive officers and directors.
Rule 10b5-1 Sales Plans
Our policy governing transactions in our securities by directors, officers, and employees permits our officers, directors, and certain other persons to enter into trading plans complying with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. Generally, under these trading plans, the individual relinquishes control over the transactions once the trading plan is put into place and can only put such plans into place while the individual is not in possession of material non-public information. Accordingly, sales under these plans may occur at any time, including possibly before, simultaneously with, or immediately after significant events involving our company. During 2023, none of our directors or executive officers had a Rule 10b5-1 in effect.
Communication with the Board of Directors
Stockholders may communicate with the Board by sending correspondence to our Chairman, c/o the Corporate Secretary, at our corporate address, 12300 Grant Street, Suite 160, Thornton, CO 80241. It is our practice to forward all such correspondence to our Chairman, who is responsible for determining whether to relay the correspondence to the other members of the Board.
| 34 |
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
We have opted to comply with the executive compensation disclosure rules applicable to “smaller reporting companies,” as such term is defined in the rules promulgated under the Securities Act.
This section provides an overview of the compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to each individual who served as our principal executive officer during 2023, and up to two of our next most highly compensated executive officers in respect of their service to our Company for 2023. Our named executive officers, or the Named Executive Officers, for the year ended December 31, 2023, are:
| · | Paul Warley, our CEO at December 31, 2023; |
| · | Jeffrey Max, our former CEO; |
| · | Jin Jo, our CFO at December 31, 2023; and |
| · | Bobby Gulati, our COO at December 31, 2023 |
The following Summary Compensation Table sets forth certain information regarding the compensation of our Named Executive Officers for services rendered in all capacities to us during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Summary Compensation Table
| Name and Principal Position | Year | Salary ($) | Bonus ($) | Stock Awards ($) | Option Awards ($) | All Other Comp ($) | Total ($) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Paul Warley - Chief Executive Officer (1) | 2023 | 384,600 | 100,000 | — | — | — | 484,600 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 17,300 | — | 2,086,000 | — | — | 2,103,300 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Jeffrey Max - Former Chief Executive Officer (2) | 2023 | 317,500 | — | — | — | 1,600 | (3) | 319,100 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 227,400 | — | 18,980,800 | — | 21,500 | (4) | 19,229,700 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Jin Jo - Chief Financial Officer (5) | 2023 | 198,000 | 45,000 | — | — | — | 243,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Bobby Gulati - Chief Operating Officer (6) | 2023 | 189,200 | 25,000 | — | — | — | 214,200 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Mr. Warley joined the Company in December 2022 as the Company’s CFO and was appointed CEO in May 2023. Mr. Warley's original CFO employment agreement provided for annual base salary of $305,000, which increased to $350,000 in December 2022, after the Company raised a minimum $10 million of new capital. Mr.Warley’s May 2023 CEO employment agreement provides for an annual base salary of$400,000 and a one-time bonus of $100,000. In connection with Mr. Warley’s hiring in December 2022 as the Company’s CFO, Mr. Warley was granted an inducement grant of 3,500 RSUs for an aggregate of 3,500 shares of Ascent’s common stock valued at approximately $2,086,000 on grant date. 20% of the RSUs are fully vested upon grant. The remaining 80% of the RSUs vests in equal monthly increments over the next thirty-six months. | |
| (2) | Mr. Max joined the Company in September 2022. Mr. Max's employment agreement provides an annual base salary of $850,000 of which, $500,000 was initially deferred and accrued interest at an annual rate of 4% until the Company raised a minimum $10 million of new capital. Upon completion of the capital raise, Mr. Max received his deferred compensation, including approximately $800 of interest resulting in salary of approximately $227,400 in 2022. Mr. Max was also granted an inducement grant of RSUs for an aggregate of 6,284 shares of Ascent’s common stock valued at approximately $18,980,000 on grant date. 20% of the RSUs are fully vested upon grant. The remaining 80% of the RSUs vests in equal monthly increments over the next thirty-six months. On April 26, 2023, the Company’s board terminated Mr. Max as the Company’s CEO. | |
| (3) | The Company paid $1,600 as a car allowance to Mr. Max. |
| 35 |
| (4) | The Company also paid $20,200 to Mr. Max's attorneys for fees incurred in connection with the drafting, negotiation and execution of his employment agreement and approximately $1,300 as a car allowance. |
| (5) | Ms. Jo joined the Company in June 2021 as the Company’s Financial Controller and was appointed CFO in May 2023. Ms. Jo's employment agreement provides an annual base salary of $225,000 and a one-time bonus of $45,000. |
| (6) | Mr. Gulati joined the Company in February 2012 and was appointed COO in May 2023. Mr. Gulati’s employment agreement provides an annual base salary of $225,000 and a one-time bonus of $25,000. |
Executive Employment Agreements
Paul Warley
On December 12, 2022, we entered into an CFO employment agreement with Mr. Warley. The CFO employment agreement provides for a term through December 31, 2025, subject to earlier termination by the Company and Mr. Warley as provided in the CFO employment agreement and provides Mr. Warley an annual base salary of $305,000, which increases to $350,000 once the Company raises a minimum $10 million of new capital. Mr. Warley will also be eligible for an annual incentive bonus of up to 75% of his Base Salary if the agreed bonus targets are achieved and a moving allowance of up to $30,000 if he relocates his primary residence to Colorado. Additionally, the Company granted Mr. Warley an inducement grant of RSUs for an aggregate of 3,500 shares of Ascent’s common stock. 20% of the RSUs are fully vested upon grant. The remaining 80% of the RSUs shall vest in equal monthly increments over the next thirty-six months. Any outstanding and unvested RSUs will accelerate and fully vest upon the earlier of (i) a change of control and (ii) the termination of Mr. Warley’s employment for any reason other than (x) by the Company for cause or (y) by Mr. Warley without good reason. Mr. Warley is also eligible to participate in the Company’s standard benefit plans and programs.
Under the CFO employment agreement, if the Company terminates Mr. Warley without cause or Mr. Warley terminates his employment for good reason or a change in control, Mr. Warley will be entitled to receive half of his Base Salary amount then in effect during the period from (i) the termination date through (ii) the end of the term of the CFO Employment Agreement. In addition, all RSUs and other equity awards will be immediately vested and settled. The CFO employment agreement also includes customary non-competition and non-solicitation provisions that Mr. Warley must comply with for a period of 12 months after termination of his employment with the Company.
On May 2, 2023, the Company entered into a CEO employment agreement with Mr. Warley. The CEO employment agreement replaces the prior CFO employment agreement with Mr. Warley from December 2022. The CEO employment agreement provides for a term through December 31, 2025, subject to earlier termination by the Company and Mr. Warley as provided in the employment agreement. The CEO employment agreement provides that Mr. Warley will receive an annual base salary (“Base Salary”) of $400,000. In addition, to the Base Salary, the Company will pay Mr. Warley a one-time bonus in the amount of $100,000. Mr. Warley will also be eligible for an annual incentive bonus of up to 75% of his Base Salary if the agreed bonus targets are achieved. The CEO employment agreement provides that Mr. Warley is eligible to participate in the Company’s standard benefit plans and programs.
| 36 |
In connection with Mr. Warley’s hiring in December 2022 as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Warley received an inducement grant of RSUs for an aggregate of 3,500 shares of Ascent’s common stock. Mr. Warley retains such RSUs with the same terms as originally granted.
Under the CEO employment agreement, if the Company terminates Mr. Warley without cause or Mr. Warley terminates his employment for good reason or a change in control, Mr. Warley will be entitled to receive half of his Base Salary amount then in effect during the period from (i) the termination date through (ii) the end of the term of the employment agreement. In addition, all RSUs and other equity awards will be immediately vested and settled.
The CEO employment agreement requires Mr. Warley to maintain the confidentiality of the Company’s proprietary information. The employment agreement also includes customary non-competition and non-solicitation provisions that Mr. Warley must comply with for a period of 12 months after termination of his employment with the Company.
Jeff Max
On September 21, 2022, we entered into a three-year employment agreement with Mr. Max. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Max will receive an annual base salary of $850,000. A $500,000 portion of the base salary is initially deferred and bears interest at an annual rate of 4%. Once the Company raises a minimum $10 million of new capital, then (i) the deferred salary and accrued interest thereon will be paid in a lump sum and (ii) the Company will begin paying Mr. Max the full $850,000 base salary amount. Mr. Max will also be eligible for an annual incentive bonus of up to 100% of his base salary if agreed bonus targets are achieved. The bonus performance objectives may include corporate, business unit or division, financial, strategic, individual or other objectives established with respect to that particular fiscal year by the Company in consultation with Mr. Max. Mr. Max was also granted an inducement grant of RSUs for an aggregate of 6,284 shares of Ascent’s common stock. 20% of the RSUs are fully vested upon grant. The remaining 80% of the RSUs shall vest in equal monthly increments over the next thirty-six months. Any outstanding and unvested RSUs will accelerate and fully vest upon the earlier of (i) a change of control and (ii) the termination of Mr. Max’s employment for any reason other than (x) by the Company for cause or (y) by Mr. Max without good reason. Additionally, Mr. Max is reimbursed for his Medicare premiums paid and receives a $4,800 annual car allowance and is eligible to participate in the Company’s standard benefit plans and programs.
Under Mr. Max's Employment Agreement, if the Company terminates Mr. Max without cause or Mr. Max terminates his employment for good reason or a change in control, Mr. Max will be entitled to receive (i) 12 months of base salary, (ii) any incentive bonus amounts that have been earned but not yet paid, and (iii) 12 months of continued reimbursement for medical coverage under Medicare. In addition, all RSUs and other equity awards will be immediately vested and settled. The employment agreement also includes customary non-competition, non-solicitation and non-interference provisions that Mr. Max must comply with for a period of 6 months, 12 months and 12 months, respectively, after termination of his employment with the Company.
On April 26, 2023, the Company’s board terminated Mr. Max as the Company’s CEO.
Victor Lee
On April 4, 2014, we entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Lee. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Lee will receive an annual base salary of $300,000, subject to annual adjustments as determined by our board. Mr. Lee will also be eligible for an annual bonus of up to 100% of his base salary as determined at the sole discretion of our board or compensation committee. Under this agreement, if the Company terminates Mr. Lee without cause, then subject to his execution of a release of claims, (i) Mr. Lee is entitled to receive twelve months of base salary from the date of termination, and (ii) the initial stock option grant that Mr. Lee received upon commencing employment will remain exercisable for a year following the termination date. The initial stock option grant is currently fully vested, but Mr. Lee was historically entitled to an additional year of vesting under such initial stock option grant upon termination without cause prior to the full vesting of the option. In addition, the employment agreement provides that Mr. Lee is eligible to participate in the Company’s standard benefit plans and programs. Under the employment agreement, Mr. Lee is subject to a two year non-compete and non-solicit following termination of employment.
On September 21, 2022, we entered into a separation agreement with Mr. Lee. Under the separation agreement, Mr. Lee is entitled to the following separation benefits: (i) the Company will continue to pay to Mr. Lee his current base salary for the next 12 months; (ii) the Company will pay Mr. Lee’s $200,000 declared but unpaid cash bonus in two installments; and (iii) the Company shall pay COBRA premiums at the Company’s current contribution level for the next 12 months. Separation benefits are included in All Other Comp in the Compensation Table.
Jin Jo
On October 19, 2023, the Company entered into a CFO employment agreement with Ms. Jo. The employment agreement provides for a term through December 31, 2025, subject to earlier termination by the Company and the executive as provided in the employment agreements. The employment agreement is effective as of April 17, 2023. The employment agreement provides that Ms. Jo will receive an annual base salary of $225,000 and a one-time bonus in the amount of $45,000. Ms. Jo will also be eligible for an annual incentive bonus of up to 60% of Base Salary if the agreed bonus targets are achieved.
| 37 |
Michael J. Gilbreth
On October 5, 2020, the Company appointed Michael J. Gilbreth to serve as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company. The Company hired Mr. Gilbreth pursuant to the terms of a letter agreement and a standard and customary confidentiality, non-competition, and no-solicitation agreement. The offer letter provides for at-will employment with an annual base salary of $165,000, and an annual bonus opportunity of up to 60% of base salary. An annual minimum bonus of 25% of base salary is guaranteed, and the additional 35% is discretionary.
On December 11, 2022, we entered into a separation agreement with Mr. Gilbreth. Under the separation agreement Mr. Gilbreth is entitled to the following separation benefits: (a) payment of ten (10) weeks’ salary equal to $35,577, 50% of which is payable on the first payroll period after effective date of the separation agreement, and the remaining 50% of which is payable on the next payroll period; and (b) payment of a bonus, which equals 60% of Mr. Gilbreth’s current salary, or $111,000, one-third (1/3) of which ($37,000) shall be payable with the December 28, 2022 payroll date, another one-third (1/3) of which ($37,000) shall be payable beginning the first payroll period after January 31, 2023, and the remaining one-third (1/3) of which ($37,000) shall be payable on the first payroll period after the filing by the Company of its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2022. Separation benefits are included in All Other Comp in the Compensation Table.
Bobby Gulati
On October 19, 2023, the Company entered into a COO employment agreement with Mr. Gulati. The employment agreement provides for a term through December 31, 2025, subject to earlier termination by the Company and the executive as provided in the employment agreements. The employment agreement is effective as of April 17, 2023. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Gulati will receive an annual base salary of $225,000 and a one-time bonus in the amount of $25,000. Mr. Gulati will also be eligible for an annual incentive bonus of up to 60% of Base Salary if the agreed bonus targets are achieved.
The following table sets forth information concerning the outstanding equity awards granted to the named executive officers as of December 31, 2023.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End 2023
| Option Awards | Stock Awards | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name | Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Exerciseable | Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Unexerciseable | Option Exercise Price ($/sh) | Option Expiration Date | Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#) | Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Paul Warley (1) | — | — | — | — | 1,867 | $ | 1,625 | |||||||||||||||||
| Jeffrey Max (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Jin Jo | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Bobby Gulati | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | In December 2022, Mr. Warley was granted an inducement grant of for an aggregate of 3,500 shares of Ascent’s common stock. 20% of the RSUs are fully vested upon grant. The remaining 80% of the RSUs vests in equal monthly increments over the next thirty-six months. |
| (2) | In September 2022, Mr. Max was granted an inducement grant of RSUs for an aggregate of 6,284 shares of Ascent’s common stock. 20% of the RSUs are fully vested upon grant. The remaining 80% of the RSUs vests in equal monthly increments over the next thirty-six months. Mr. Max’s remaining nonvested RSUs were forfeited upon termination. |
| 38 |
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
The table below sets forth, to our knowledge, information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock as of February 3, 2022[***], 2024 by:
• | each person known to us to be a beneficial owner of more than five percent of the outstanding shares of common stock; | |
• | each of our directors and executive officers; and | |
• | all of our directors and executive officers as a group. |
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes any shares over which a person exercises sole or shared voting or investment power and all shares issuable upon exercise of options or the vesting of restricted stock within 60 days.
Unless otherwise indicated, each of the stockholders listed below has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares beneficially owned.
The address for each director or named executive officer is c/o Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc., 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, Colorado 80241.
All share information
| Prior to Offering | After Offering | |||||||||||||||
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership | Approximate of Outstanding Common Stock | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership | Approximate of Outstanding Common Stock | ||||||||||||
| Directors and Executive Officers | ||||||||||||||||
| Paul Warley | 108,333 | (1) | 2.8 | % | 108,333 | (1) | 1.3 | % | ||||||||
| Jin Jo | 14,167 | (2) | * | % | 14,167 | (2) | * | % | ||||||||
| Bobby Gulati | 14,167 | (3) | * | % | 14,167 | (3) | * | % | ||||||||
| Forrest Reynolds | 66,576 | (4) | 1.8 | % | 66,576 | (4) | * | % | ||||||||
| Louis Berezovsky | 25,694 | (5) | * | % | 25,694 | (5) | * | % | ||||||||
| Gregory Thompson | 25,694 | (6) | * | % | 25,694 | (6) | * | % | ||||||||
| David Peterson | 22,152 | (7) | * | % | 22,152 | (7) | * | % | ||||||||
| All officers and directors as a group (7 individuals) | 276,783 | 7.0 | % | 276,783 | 3.2 | % | ||||||||||
| * | Less than 1%. |
| (1) | Mr. Warley’s shares include 73,611 RSUs that have vested or will vest within 60 days. |
| (2) | Ms. Jo’s shares include 14,167 RSUs that will vest within 60 days. |
| (3) | Mr. Gulati’s shares include 14,167 RSUs that will vest within 60 days. |
| (4) | Mr. Reynolds’s shares include 8,333 RSUs that will vest within 60 days. |
| (5) | Mr. Berezovsky’s shares include 8,333 RSUs that will vest within 60 days. |
| (6) | Mr. Thompson’s shares include 8,333 RSUs that will vest within 60 days. |
| (7) | Mr. Peterson’s shares include 10,000 RSUs that will vest within 60 days. |
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Relationship with Crowdex and TubeSolar
During 2023, Crowdex Investment, LLC (“Crowdex”) and TubeSolar beneficially owned more than 5% of the Company were both directly and indirectly beneficially owned and controlled by Bernd Förtsch.
On September 22, 2020, we entered into a securities purchase agreement (“Series 1A SPA”) with Crowdex for the private placement of the Company’s newly designated Series 1A Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series 1A Preferred Stock”). We sold 2,000 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to Crowdex in exchange for $2,000,000 of gross proceeds at an initial closing under the table below reflects:Series 1A SPA on September 22, 2020.
In November 2020, Crowdex converted 1,200 shares of outstanding Series 1A Preferred Stock into 12,000 shares of Common Stock.
On November 27, 2020, we issued to Crowdex a $500,000 unsecured convertible promissory note in a private placement and received $500,000 of gross proceeds from the offering. On December 31, 2020, we sold 500 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to Crowdex in exchange for the cancellation of the note issued on November 27, 2020. There were no additional cash proceeds from this closing.
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Crowdex acquired a $250,000 aggregate principal amount convertible promissory note of the Company from the original noteholder, Penumbra Solar, Inc., in September 2020. On December 9, 2021, Crowdex converted the note, together with accrued interest, into 2,726 shares of common stock.
On January 4, 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with TubeSolar. Pursuant to this securities purchase agreement, the Company sold 2,500 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to TubeSolar and received $2,500,000 of gross proceeds on January 5, 2021. On July 19, 2021, we issued TubeSolar 600 shares of common stock upon the conversion by TubeSolar of 60 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock. On September 3, 2021, we issued TubeSolar 400 shares of common stock upon the conversion by TubeSolar of 40 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock.
On September 15, 2021, we entered into the JDA with TubeSolar to pursue the APV market. We also jointly established the JV. See “Business” for additional detail.
On February 1, 2022:
· |
|
| · | TubeSolar converted their remaining 2,400 shares of |
Relationship with BD1
During 2023, BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC (“BD1”) beneficially owned more than 5% of the Company. On December 18, 2020, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement (“BD1 Exchange Agreement”) with BD1. BD1 had previously acquired all of the Company’s existing outstanding unsecured notes (other than notes held by Global Ichiban and Crowdex) from the original note holders. Pursuant to the terms of the BD1 Exchange Agreement, BD1 agreed to surrender and exchange all of its outstanding promissory notes with principal balances of approximately $10.4 million (including accrued interest and default penalties). In exchange and without the payment of any additional consideration, the Company issued to BD1 two unsecured convertible promissory notes with principal amounts of $10,340,000 (the “First Exchange Note”) and $160,000 (the “Second Exchange Note”). On August 16, 2021, BD1 sold and assigned a portion of the First Exchange Note equal to $600,000 in principal amount to Nanyang Investment Management Pte Ltd (“Nanyang”) on behalf of a client account for a purchase price of $600,000, and on January 21, 2022, further sold and assigned a portion of the First Exchange Note equal to $1,000,000 in principal amount to Nanyang on behalf of a client account for a purchase price of $1,000,000. On January 3, 2022, BD1 sold and assigned a portion of the First Exchange Note equal to $1,000,000 in principal amount to Fleur Capital Pte Ltd (“Fleur”) on behalf of a client account for a purchase price of $1,000,000. The Company has issued to BD1 an unsecured convertible promissory note with principal amount of $7,740,000 replacing the First Exchange Note (the “Replacement Note” and, together with the Second Exchange Note, the “BD1 Exchange Notes”).
On August 2, 2021, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with BD1 for the private placement of an aggregate of 667 shares of our common stock at a fixed price of $75 (as adjusted for the reverse stock split) per share in two tranches of 333 shares in exchange for $10,000,000 of aggregate gross proceeds. On September 2, 2021, we closed on the first tranche and, on November 5, 2021, we closed on the second tranche, receiving aggregate gross proceeds of $10,000,000.
On February 1, 2022, BD1 converted its $7,900,000 aggregate outstanding principal amount of BD1 Exchange Notes into 79,000 shares of common stock.
Johannes Kuhn is the indirect beneficial owner of BD1.
Flisom AG Asset Acquisition
Asset Purchase Agreement
On April 17, 2023, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”) with Flisom AG, a leading developer and manufacturer of photovoltaic thin film solar cells (“Seller”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company purchased certain assets relating to thin-film photovoltaic manufacture and production from Seller (collectively, the “Assets”), including (i) certain manufacturing equipment located at Seller’s Niederhasli, Switzerland facility (the “Manufacturing Facility”) and (ii) related inventory and raw materials at the Manufacturing Facility (collectively, the “Transaction”). In connection with the Transaction, the Company also received a license to certain intellectual property rights used in the operation of the Assets and will also acquire, by operation of Swiss law, the employment contracts of certain employees of Seller in Switzerland who are functionally predominantly working with the Assets, subject to such employees being offered the right to remain employed by Seller after the closing of the Transaction (the “Closing”). The total consideration paid by the Company to Seller in connection with the Transaction was an aggregate amount in cash equal to $2,800,000.
Ancillary Agreements
At the Closing, the Company and Seller also entered into (i) a Transition Services Agreement requiring that Seller provide transition support for the Company’s operation of the Assets, with fees to be due and payable by the Company for performance of such support services, (ii) a Sublease Agreement related to the Company’s use of the premises at the Manufacturing Facility where the Assets are located (the “Sublease Agreement”), and (iii) a Technology License Agreement, pursuant to which Seller granted the Company a revocable, non-exclusive license to certain intellectual property rights of the Seller used in the operation of the Assets (the “Licensed IP”), subject to certain encumbrances on the Licensed IP in favor of Seller’s lender.
The Company and Seller also intend to enter into, as promptly as practicable following the Closing, a Subcontractor Agreement (the “Subcontractor Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company will agree to manufacture the photovoltaic cells necessary to fulfill certain outstanding supply agreement obligations between the Seller and one of its significant customers, in exchange for the Company receiving the incoming proceeds from the fulfillment of the supply arrangement.
| 40 |
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23
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| Prior to Offering |
|
|
| After Offering |
| ||||||||
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner |
|
| Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership |
|
|
| Approximate of Outstanding Common Stock |
|
|
| Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership |
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|
| Approximate of Outstanding Common Stock |
|
Directors and Executive Officers |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Victor Lee |
|
| 1 |
|
|
| * | % |
|
| 1 |
|
|
| * | % |
Michael J. Gilbreth |
|
| — |
|
|
| — | % |
|
| — |
|
|
| — | % |
Amit Kumar, Ph.D. |
|
| 1 |
|
|
| * | % |
|
| 1 |
|
|
| * | % |
Kim J. Huntley |
|
| 1 |
|
|
| * | % |
|
| 1 |
|
|
| * | % |
Will Clarke |
|
| — |
|
|
| — | % |
|
| — |
|
|
| — | % |
David Peterson(1) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — | % |
|
| — |
|
|
| — | % |
All officers and directors as a group (6 individuals) |
|
| 3 |
|
|
| * | % |
|
| [●] |
|
|
| * | % |
5% Stockholders |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crowdex Investments, LLC(2) |
|
| 5,545,042 |
|
|
| 18.1 | % |
|
| 5,545,042 |
|
|
| [●] | % |
TubeSolar AG(3) |
|
| 14,961,234 |
|
|
| 16.2 | % |
|
| 14,961,234 |
|
|
| [●] | % |
BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC(4) |
|
| 15,933,334 |
|
|
| 52.1 | % |
|
| 15,933,334 |
|
|
| [●] | % |
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|
|
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|
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24
Letter Agreement
UNDERWRITING
On April 20, 2023, the Company entered into a letter agreement (the “Letter Agreement”) with FL1 Holding GmbH, a German company (“FL1”), BD1 and certain of their affiliated entities (collectively, the “Affiliates”). FL1 is controlled by Johannes Kuhn. Mr. Kuhn also controls BD1, one of the Company’s largest stockholders.
We have entered into an underwriting agreement, dated [__], 2022, with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“Wainwright” or the “representative”) as the representative of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, we have agreed to sell to each underwriter named below, and each underwriter named below has, severally and not jointly, agreed to purchase the number of shares of common stock and warrants listed next to its name in the following table at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, set forth on the cover page of this prospectus:
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The underwriters are offering the shares of common stock and warrants subject to their acceptance of the shares of common stock and warrants from us and subject to prior sale. The obligations of the underwriters may be terminated upon the occurrence of certain events specified in the underwriting agreement. Furthermore, pursuant to the underwriting agreement, the underwriters’ obligations are subject to customary conditions, representations and warranties contained in the underwriting agreement. The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the several underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the shares of common stock and warrants offered by this prospectus are subject to the approval of certain legal matters by their counsel and to certain other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all of the shares of common stock and warrants if any such securities are taken. However, the underwriters are not required to take or pay for the securities covered by the underwriters’ option described below.
Option to Purchase additional Securities
We have granted the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an aggregate of [__] additional shares of common stock at the public offering price per share, less underwriting discounts and commissions, and/or additional warrants to purchase up to [__] shares of common stock at the public offering price per warrant, less underwriting discounts and commissions, in any combination thereof.
Discounts, Commissions and Expenses
The underwriters have advised us that they propose to offer the shares of common stock and the warrants to the public at the combined public offering prices set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. After this offering, the combined public offering prices and concession to dealers may be changed by the underwriters. No such change will change the amount of proceeds to be received by us as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The shares of common stock and warrants are offered by the underwriters as stated herein, subject to receipt and acceptance by them and subject to their right to reject any order in whole or in part.
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The underwriters propose to offer the shares and warrants to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus. In addition, the underwriters may offer some of the shares and warrants, and, if applicable, warrants, to other securities dealers at such price less a concession not in excess of $[__] per share and warrant. If all of the shares and warrants offered by us are not sold at the public offering price, the representative may change the offering price and other selling terms by means of a supplement to this prospectus.
We have also agreed to pay certain expenses of the representative relating to the offering, including: (a) a management fee equal to 1.0% of the gross proceeds raised in the offering; (b) $50,000 for non-accountable expenses; (c) up to $100,000 for fees and expenses of legal counsel and other out-of-pocket expenses; and (d) up to $15,950 for clearing costs.
We estimate that the total expenses of the offering payable by us, excluding the total underwriting discount, will be approximately $[__].
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Representative’s Warrants
We have also agreed to issue to the representative or its designees, at the closing of this offering, warrants (the “Representative’s Warrants”) to purchase a number of shares of common stock equal to 7.0% of the number of shares of common stock sold in the offering, including shares issued upon any exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional securities (up to a maximum of [__] Representative Warrants in the aggregate on the option closing dates, if any). The Representative’s Warrants will have an exercise price of $[__] (125% of the public offering price) and will be in the same form as the warrants issued to the investors in this offering, except that the Representative Warrants will have a termination date of the five year anniversary of the commencement of the sales pursuant to this offering and will be issued in certificated form. Pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(e), the Representative’s Warrants and any shares of common stock issued upon exercise of the Representative’s Warrants shall not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the date of commencement of sales of this offering, except the transfer of any security: (i) by operation of law or by reason of reorganization of the issuer; (ii) to any FINRA member firm participating in the offering and the officers, partners, registered persons or affiliates thereof, if all securities so transferred remain subject to the lock-up restriction set forth above for the remainder of the time period; (iii) if the aggregate amount of our securities held by the Representative or related persons does not exceed 1.0% of the securities being offered; (iv) that is beneficially owned on a pro-rata basis by all equity owners of an investment fund, provided that no participating member manages or otherwise directs investments by the fund and the participating members in the aggregate do not own more than 10% of the equity in the fund; (v) the exercise or conversion of any security, if all securities remain subject to the lock-up restriction set forth above for the remainder of the time period; (vi) if we meet the registration requirements of Form S-3; or (vii) back to us in a transaction exempt from registrationconnection with the SEC. The Representative’s Warrantsprospective acquisition by FL1 of substantially all shares in Seller, FL1 and the shares of common stock underlying the Representative’s Warrants are registered on the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Discretionary Accounts
The underwriters do not intend to confirm sales of the securities offered hereby to any accounts over which they have discretionary authority.
Lock-Up Agreements
We and each of our directors and officers have agreed not to offer, sell, agree to sell, directly or indirectly, or otherwise dispose of any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock for a period of [__] days after the closing date of the offering pursuant to the underwriting agreement without the prior written consent of Wainwright. These lock-up agreements provide for limited exceptions and their restrictions may be waived at any time by Wainwright. In addition, subject to an exception after [__] days after the closing date of the offering, we have agreed to not issue any securities that are subject to a price reset based on the trading prices of our common stock or upon a specified or contingent event in the future, or enter into any agreement to issue securities at a future determined price, for [__] months following the date of closing of this offering, which prohibition may be waived at any time by Wainwright.
Right of First Refusal
We have granted the representative a right of first refusal, for a period of twelve (12) months from the consummation of this offering, to act as sole book-running manager, sole underwriter or sole placement agent, for each and every future public and private offering or capital-raising transaction of equity, equity-linked or debt securities of the Company or subsidiary of the Company, on terms and conditions customary for such transaction.
We shall pay the representative the cash and warrant compensation provided above on the gross proceeds provided to us by investors that participated in this offering or were introduced to us by the representative or which we met during our engagement of the representative in any public or private offering or capital-raising transaction within fifteen (15) months following the expiration or termination of our engagement of the representative.
Indemnification
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and to contribute to payments the underwriters or such other indemnified parties may be required to make in respect thereof.
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Listing
Our common stock is quoted for trading on the OTC Pink under the symbol “ASTI.” We have applied to list our common stock and warrants on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbols “ASTI” and “ASTIW”, respectively.
Electronic Offer, Sale and Distribution of Securities
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the websites maintained by one or more of the underwritersAffiliates agreed, on behalf of itself and its affiliates (i) to certain noncompetition and nonsolicitation obligations with respect to the Company and the Assets, including certain prospective customers of the products produced using the Assets, for a period of five (5) years from the Closing, subject to certain exceptions, (ii) to cause Seller to use certain of its intellectual property rights for limited internal purposes until such time as a joint collaboration agreement is entered into after the Closing among Seller, the Company and certain other affiliates of FL1 related to the licensing and use of such intellectual property, and otherwise not to dispose of or selling group members. Other thanfail to maintain such intellectual property, (iii) to reimburse the prospectusCompany for certain pre-Closing liabilities of Seller to the extent incurred by the Company following the closing of the Transaction; and (iv) to indemnify the Company for breaches of certain representations, warranties and covenants relating to the Assets.
Pursuant to the Letter Agreement, BD1 and its parent company agreed that (1) it and its affiliates will not offer to acquire or acquire, by merger, tender offer or otherwise, all or substantially all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company not beneficially owned by BD and its affiliates, without the approval of a committee comprised of disinterested and independent members of the Company’s Board of Directors and the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of outstanding shares of the Company not beneficially owned by BD and its affiliates; (2) BD and its affiliates will not transfer any shares of the Company’s capital stock beneficially owned by them unless the transferee agrees in electronic format,writing to be bound by the information on these websites isforegoing restriction; and (3) each of them will stand behind the obligations of FL1 pursuant to the Letter Agreement.
The Letter Agreement also grants the Company the option, but not part of, nor incorporated by reference into, this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved or endorsed by us, and should not be relied upon by investors.
Price Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids
In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, overallotment transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids in connection with our common stock.
Stabilizing transactions permit bidsobligation, (i) to purchase sharescertain intellectual property rights of common stock so long asSeller relating to thin-film photovoltaic manufacture and production for $2,000,000 following the stabilizing bids do not exceedrelease of certain liens on such intellectual property rights in favor of Seller’s lender, and (ii) for a specified maximum.
Overallotment transactions involve sales byperiod of 12 months following the underwriters of shares of common stock in excessClosing, to resell the Assets to FL1 for an aggregate amount equal to $5,000,000, with such transaction to close within 90 days following the exercise of the number of sharesCompany’s resale right. On June 16, 2023, the underwriter is obligated to purchase. This creates a syndicate short position which may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered short position, the number of shares over-allotted by the underwriter is not greater than the number of shares that it may purchase in the option to purchase additional shares. In a naked short position, the number of shares involved is greater than the number of shares in the option to purchase additional shares. The underwriter may close out any short position by exercisingCompany exercised its option to purchase additional shares and/resell the Assets to FL1.
Policies and Procedures with Respect to Transactions with Related Persons
The Board recognizes that related person transactions can present a heightened risk of potential or purchasing shares in the open market.
Syndicate coveringactual conflicts of interest. Accordingly, our Audit Committee charter requires that all such transactions involve purchaseswill be reviewed and subject to approval by members of common stock in the open market after the distribution has been completed in orderour Audit Committee, which will have access, at our expense, to cover syndicate short positions. Such a naked short position wouldour or independent legal counsel. Future transactions with our officers, directors or greater than five percent stockholders will be closed out by buying securities in the open market. A naked short position is more likelyon terms no less favorable to be created if the underwriters are concerned that thereus than could be downward pressure on the price of the securities in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering.obtained from independent third parties.
Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the securities originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in a stabilizing or syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions.
These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock in the open market may be higher than it would otherwise be in the absence of these transactions. Neither we nor the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our common stock. These transactions may be effected on Nasdaq, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
In connection with this offering, the underwriters also may engage in passive market making transactions in our common stock in accordance with Regulation M during a period before the commencement of offers or sales of shares of our common stock in this offering and extending through the completion of the distribution. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for that security. However, if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid that bid must then be lowered when specific purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
Other Relationships
Certain of the underwriters and their affiliates have in the past and may in the future provide various investment banking, commercial banking and other financial services for us and our affiliates for which they have received or may in the future receive customary fees.
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Offer restrictions outside the United States
Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIESCAPITAL STOCK
Capital Stock
The following summary describes our common stock and the material provisions of our Certificatecertificate of Incorporation,incorporation and our bylaws, each of which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”). Because the following is only a summary, it does not contain all of the information that may be important to you. For a complete description, you should refer to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws. We encourage you to read those documents and the DGCL carefully.
Authorized Capital Stock
Our authorized capital stock consists of 500,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share.
The authorized but unissued shares of common and preferred stock are available for future issuance without stockholder approval, unless otherwise required by law or applicable stock exchange rules. Additional authorized but unissued shares may be used for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, corporate acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but unissued shares could hinder or discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.
Outstanding Capital Stock
As of February 3, 2022,15, 2024, the Company had issued and outstanding 30,609,2493,793,843 shares of common stock and 48,100 shares of Series A preferred stock.
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Series A Preferred Stock
Rank
The Series A preferred stock ranks pari passu to the common stock with respect to dividends and rights upon liquidation.
Voting Rights
Except as otherwise required by law (or with respect to approval of certain actions), the Series A preferred stock shall have no voting rights.
Dividends
Holders of Series A preferred stock are entitled to cumulative dividends at a rate of 8% per annum when and if declared by the Board of Directors at its sole discretion. The dividends may be paid in cash or in the form of common stock (valued at 10% below market price, but not to exceed the lowest closing price during the applicable measurement period), at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The dividend rate on the Series A Preferred Stock is indexed to the Company's stock price and subject to adjustment.
Conversion and Redemption Rights
The Series A preferred stock may be converted into shares of common stock at the option of the Company if the closing price of the common stock exceeds $232 million, as adjusted, for twenty consecutive trading days, or by the holder at any time. The Company has the right to redeem the Series A preferred stock at a price of $8.00 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends. At December 31, 2023, the preferred shares were not eligible for conversion to common shares at the option of the Company. The holder of the preferred shares may convert to common shares at any time. After making adjustment for the Company’s prior reverse stock splits, all 48,100 outstanding Series A preferred shares are convertible into less than one common share. Upon any conversion (whether at the option of the Company or the holder), the holder is entitled to receive any accrued but unpaid dividends.
Liquidation Value
Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, after payment or provision for payment of debts and other liabilities of the Company, the holders of Series A preferred stock shall be entitled to receive, pari passu with any distribution to the holders of common stock of the Company, an amount equal to $8.00 per share of Series A preferred stock plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.
Common Stock
The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders. The holders of our common stock do not have any cumulative voting rights. Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably any dividends declared by our Board out of funds legally available for that purpose, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any outstanding preferred stock. Our common stock has no preemptive rights, conversion rights or other subscription rights or redemption or sinking fund provisions.
In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of all debts and other liabilities and any liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred stock. Each outstanding share of common stock is duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
Preferred Stock
Our Board is authorized by our charter to establish classes or series of preferred stock and fix the designation, powers, preferences and rights of the shares of each such class or series and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof without any further vote or action by our stockholders. Any shares of preferred stock so issued could have priority over our common stock with respect to dividend or liquidation rights. Any future issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in our control without further action by our stockholders and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock.
The issuance of shares of preferred stock, or the issuance of rights to purchase such shares, could be used to discourage an unsolicited acquisition proposal. For instance, the issuance of a series of preferred stock might impede a business combination by including class voting rights that would enable a holder to block such a transaction. In addition, under certain circumstances, the issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of our common stock. Although our Board is required to make any determination to issue preferred stock based on its judgment as to the best interests of our stockholders, our Board could act in a manner that would discourage an acquisition attempt or other transaction that some, or a majority, of our stockholders might believe to be in their best interests or in which such stockholders might receive a premium for their stock over the then market price of such stock.
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Anti-Takeover Effects of Certain Provisions of Delaware Law and Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
Our charter and bylaws contain a number of provisions that could make our acquisition by means of a tender or exchange offer, a proxy contest or otherwise more difficult. These provisions are summarized below.
Board Composition; Removal of Directors and Filling Board Vacancies
Our charter provides that stockholders may remove directors only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the shares entitled to vote at an election of directors.
Our bylaws authorize only our Board to fill vacant directorships, including newly created seats. In addition, the number of directors constituting our Board may only be set by a resolution adopted by a majority vote of our entire Board. These provisions would prevent a stockholder from increasing the size of our Board and then gaining control of our Board by filling the resulting vacancies with its own nominees. This makes it more difficult to change the composition of our Board but promotes continuity of management.
Staggered Board
Our Board is divided into three classes, with one class of directors elected at each year’s annual stockholders meeting. Staggered terms tend to protect against sudden changes in management and may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in our control without further action by our stockholders.
Advance Notice Requirements
Our bylaws provide advance notice procedures for stockholders seeking to bring matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or to nominate candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of stockholders. Our bylaws also specify certain requirements regarding the form and content of a stockholder’s notice. These provisions might preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at our annual meeting of stockholders if the proper procedures are not followed. We expect that these provisions might also discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our Company.
Special Meetings
Our bylaws provide that special meetings of stockholders may only be called at the request of a majority of the Board, and only those matters set forth in the notice of the special meeting may be considered or acted upon at a special meeting of stockholders.
Undesignated Preferred Stock
Our charter provides for [●]25,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock. The existence of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock may enable our Board to discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. For example, if in the due exercise of its fiduciary obligations, our Board were to determine that a takeover proposal is not in the best interests of our stockholders, our Board could cause shares of convertible preferred stock to be issued without stockholder approval in one or more private offerings or other transactions that might dilute the voting or other rights of the proposed acquirer or insurgent stockholder or stockholder group. In this regard, our charter grants our Board broad power to establish the rights and preferences of authorized and unissued shares of preferred stock. The issuance of shares of preferred stock could decrease the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of shares of common stock. The issuance may also adversely affect the rights and powers, including voting rights, of these holders and may have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of us.
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Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute
We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a three-year period following the time that this stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. Under Section 203, a business combination between a corporation and an interested stockholder is prohibited unless it satisfies one of the following conditions:
· | before the stockholder became interested, our Board approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; |
· | upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding, shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers, and employee stock plans, in some instances, but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder; or |
· | at or after the time the stockholder became interested, the business combination was approved by our Board and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder. |
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Section 203 defines a business combination to include:
· | any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder; |
· | any sale, transfer, lease, pledge, exchange, mortgage or other disposition involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation; |
· | subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder; or |
· | the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation. |
In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by the entity or person.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar of our common stock is Computershare Investor Services.
Outstanding Common Stock Warrants
In connection with our October 2023 securities offering (“Offering”), we issued certain prefunded warrants to certain investor of the Offering (“Prefunded Warrants”), common stock warrants to all investors of the Offering (“Common Stock Warrants”) and to our placement agent (“Placement Agent Warrants”). The following is a summary of the material terms and provisions of these warrants.
Prefunded Warrants and Common Stock Warrants
The Common Stock Warrants are currently exercisable for 3,572,635 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $2.88 per share, in each case subject to adjustment in the event of share dividends, share splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting shares of the Company common stock. The Common Stock Warrants are exercisable for five years from their date of issuance. The Prefunded Warrants are currently exercisable for 715,111 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $0.0001 per share, in each case subject to adjustment in the event of share dividends, share splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting shares of the Company common stock. The Prefunded Warrants do not have an expiration date.
A holder will not have the right to exercise any portion of the Pre-Funded Warrants or Common Warrants if the holder (together with its affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% (or, upon election by a holder prior to the issuance of any Prefunded Warrant or Common Warrant, 9.99%) of the number of shares of our shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the Prefunded Warrant or Common Warrant. However, any holder may increase or decrease such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99%, upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to us with respect to any increase in such percentage.
Except as otherwise provided in the Common Warrants or the Prefunded Warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of our shares of common stock, the holder of a Common Warrant or Pre-Funded Warrant does not have the rights or privileges of a holder of our shares of common stock, including any voting rights, until the holder exercises the Common Warrant or Prefunded Warrant.
The foregoing description of the Common Stock Warrants and the Prefunded Warrants does not purport to be complete and is qualified by the full text of the forms of warrants which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Placement Agent Warrants
The Placement Agent Warrants are currently exercisable for 107,179 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $3.60 per share, in each case subject to adjustment in the event of share dividends, share splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting shares of the Company common stock. The warrants are exercisable for five years from their date of issuance.
The Placement Agent Warrants are exercisable at any time, and from time to time, in whole or in part, commencing six months from the closing of the offering and expiring five years from the commencement of sales in the Offering and will be exercisable for cash only unless an effective registration statement is not available at the time of exercise, in which case the warrants could be exercised on a cashless basis. The Placement Agent Warrants will also provide for customary anti-dilution provisions and are not redeemable by us. The Placement Agent Warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Placement Agent Warrants have been included on the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
In connection with our December 2022 issuance of our senior secured convertible notes, we issued certain common stock warrants to the investors in the December 2022 transaction. The following is a summary of the material terms and provisions of these warrants.
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These warrants are currently exercisable for 5,596,232 shares of the Company’s common stock, at an exercise price equal to $1.76 per share, in each case subject to adjustment in the event of share dividends, share splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting shares of the Company’s common stock, as well as future issuance by the Company of securities with a purchase or conversion, exercise or exchange price that is less than the exercise price of the warrants in effect at any time. The warrants will be exercisable for five years from their date of issuance.
Pursuant to a full ratchet adjustment that will occur upon the consummation of this offering, the number of these warrants will increase to approximately 15,286,528 common shares (based upon an assumed offering price of $0.6445 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on February 15, 2024), and the per share exercise price will be reduced to the VWAP on the next Trading Day following the completion announcement of this offering.
A holder (together with its affiliates) may not exercise any portion of such holder’s warrants to the extent that the holder would beneficially own more than 4.99% of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock immediately after exercise, except that upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to the Company, the holder may increase the amount of its beneficial ownership of outstanding shares of common stock after exercising the holder’s warrants up to 9.99% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the warrants.
Except as otherwise provided in the warrants or by virtue of the holders’ ownership of shares of common stock, the holders of warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of shares of common stock, including any voting rights, until such warrant holders exercise their warrant.
In connection with our August 2022 securities purchase agreement (“SPA”), we issued certain common stock warrants to the investors of the SPA. The following is a summary of the material terms and provisions of these warrants.
These warrants are currently exercisable for 7,076 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $1,060 per share, in each case subject to adjustment in the event of share dividends, share splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting shares of the Company common stock. The warrants are exercisable for five years from their date of issuance.
The holder may not exercise the Warrants to the extent that, after giving effect to such exercise, the holder would beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of the shares of Common Stock outstanding, or, at the holder’s election on not less than 61 days notice, 19.99%. The Warrants are exercisable for cash. If, at the time the holder exercises any Warrants, a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of Common Stock underlying the Warrants is not then effective or available for the issuance of such shares, then the Warrants may be net exercised on a cashless basis according to a formula set forth in the Warrants.
Except as otherwise provided in the warrants or by virtue of the holders’ ownership of shares of common stock, the holders of warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of shares of common stock, including any voting rights, until such warrant holders exercise their warrant.
The foregoing description of these warrants does not purport to be complete and is qualified by the full text of the forms of warrants which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Outstanding Senior Secured Convertible Notes
In December 2022, we issued $15.0 million of our senior secured convertible notes. As of February 15, 2024, approximately $407,000 of our senior secured convertible notes remained outstanding. The following is a summary of the material terms and provisions of these senior secured convertible notes.
The senior secured convertible notes have a maturity of 18 months from date of issuance (June 19, 2024) and bear interest at a rate of 4.5% per annum, payable on a quarterly basis in arrears.
A holder may elect to receive repayment of all or any portion of the principal amount of the senior secured notes in shares of common stock, at a conversion price equal to the lower of (1) $1.76 (the “Fixed Conversion Price”) and (2) 80% of the three lowest VWAPs of the common stock on the 10 trading days preceding delivery of a conversion notice by a holder, provided that the conversion price may in no event be less than $0.65 (the “Floor Price”).
A holder (together with its affiliates) may not convert any portion of such holder’s senior secured convertible notes to the extent that the holder would beneficially own more than 4.99% of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock after conversion, except that upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to the Company, the holder may increase the maximum amount of its beneficial ownership of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock after converting the holder’s senior secured convertible notes to up to 9.99% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the conversion, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the senior secured convertible notes.
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At any time that the conversion price would otherwise be below the Floor Price, on conversion, the Company will pay to the holders, in cash, an amount equal to (y) the difference between the number of shares of common stock that would have been issued at the conversion price (without giving effect to the Floor Price) and the number of shares of common stock actually issued based on the Floor Price, multiplied by (z) the VWAP of the common stock on the date of conversion.
The Fixed Conversion Price of the senior secured convertible notes is subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments, including in the event of any stock splits or combinations, certain dividends and distributions, reclassification, exchange or substitution of the Company’s common stock or in the event that the Company issues shares of common stock, convertible securities, rights or options to acquire common stock or convertible securities or any combination thereof, including as units with other securities at a purchase or conversion, exercise or exchange price of less than the Fixed Conversion Price then in effect, in which case the Fixed Conversion Price shall be reduced to the lowest price paid for a share of common stock or unit (or the lowest conversion or exercise price at which purchasers of any convertible securities or options or rights to acquire the Company’s common stock or convertible securities may acquire a share of common stock pursuant to the terms of such convertible securities) in such transaction, with such lowest price per share being subject to calculation in accordance with the terms of the senior secured notes.
In addition, the holders have the option to require early prepayment of the principal amount of the senior secured convertible notes in cash from up to 30% of the gross proceeds of certain subsequent financings. The holders will also have pre-emptive rights to participate for up to 20% of the securities offered and sold in certain subsequent financing conducted by the Company during the 18-month term of the senior secured convertible notes.
The senior secured convertible notes are secured by a lien on substantially all of the Company’s assets.
Except as otherwise provided in the senior secured convertible notes, or by virtue of a holders’ ownership of shares of common stock, a holder of senior secured convertible notes does not have the rights or privileges of holders of shares of the Company’s common stock, including any voting rights, until such time that a holder’s senior secured convertible note is converted into shares of the Company’s common stock.
The foregoing description of the senior secured convertible notes does not purport to be complete and is qualified by the full text of the form of the senior secured convertible notes which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Outstanding Conversions Payable
On May 25, 2023, the Company and each of the senior secured convertible notes holders entered into a Waiver and Amendment Agreement Pursuant to this agreement, the Company and each of the Holders agreed to amend the senior secured convertible notes to provide that if the Company receives a Notice of Conversion at a time that the Conversion Price (or, as applicable, the Alternative Conversion Price) then in effect Price, without regard to the Floor Price (the “Applicable Conversion Price”), is less than the Floor Price then in effect, the Company shall issue a number of shares equal to the Conversion Amount divided by such Floor Price and, at its election (x) pay the economic difference between the Applicable Conversion Price and such Floor Price (the “Outstanding Conversion Amount”) in cash or (y) pay the Outstanding Conversion Amount by issuing to the holder a number of shares of Common Stock with an aggregate value equal to the Outstanding Conversion Amount with the share valued at an issue price of 100% of the VWAP on the conversion date, but the conversion price may not be less than the floor price of $0.65.
As of February 15, 2024, approximately $0.9 of our conversions payable remained outstanding.
The foregoing description of the conversions payable does not purport to be complete and is qualified by the full text of the form of the conversions payable which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES WE ARE OFFERING
We are offering units, each unit consisting of one share of common stock and one Common Warrant to purchase one share of common stock. We are also offering to each purchaser whose purchase of shares of common stock in this offering would otherwise result in the purchaser, together with its affiliates, beneficially owning more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of our outstanding shares of common stock immediately following the consummation of this offering, the opportunity to purchase, if the purchaser so chooses, units containing Pre-Funded Warrants in lieu of shares of common stock that would otherwise result in the purchaser’s beneficial ownership exceeding 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of our outstanding shares of common stock. For each Pre-Funded Warrant we sell (without regard to any limitation on exercise set forth therein), the number of shares of common stock we are offering will be decreased on a one-for-one basis. Because one Common Warrant is being sold together in this offering with each share of common stock or, in the alternative, each Pre-Funded Warrant to purchase one share of common stock, the number of Common Warrants sold in this offering will not change as a result of a change in the mix of the shares of common stock and Pre-Funded Warrants sold.
We are also registering the shares of common stock issuable from time to time upon exercise of the Common Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants included in the units offered hereby. Our units have no stand-alone rights and will not be certificated or issued as stand-alone securities. The shares of common stock (or Pre-Funded Warrants) and the Common Warrants comprising our units are immediately separable and will be issued separately in this offering.
The following summary of certain terms and provisions of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants that are being offered hereby is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by the provisions of the Common Warrants,form of Pre- Funded Warrant, and the form of Common Warrant, which isare filed as an exhibitexhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Prospective investors should carefully review the terms and provisions set forth in the form of Pre-Funded Warrant and the form of Common Warrant for a complete descriptionWarrant.
Exercisability. The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable at any time after their original issuance until they are exercised in full. The Common Warrants are immediately exercisable at any time after their original issuance up to the date that is five years after their original issuance. Each of the termsCommon Warrants and conditionsthe Pre-Funded Warrants will be exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice and, at any time a registration statement registering the issuance of the warrants. Theshares of common stock underlying the Common Warrants or Pre-Funded Warrants under the Securities Act is effective and available for the issuance of such shares, or an exemption from registration under the Securities Act is available for the issuance of such shares, by payment in full in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. If a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying the Common Warrants or Pre-Funded Warrants under the Securities Act is not effective or available, the holder may, in its sole discretion, elect to exercise the Common Warrant or Pre-Funded Warrant through a cashless exercise, in which case the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the Common Warrant or Pre-Funded Warrant. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in book-entryconnection with the exercise of a Common Warrant or Pre-Funded Warrant. In lieu of fractional shares, we will pay the holder an amount in cash equal to the fractional amount multiplied by the exercise price.
Exercise Limitation. A holder will not have the right to exercise any portion of the Pre-Funded Warrants or Common Warrants if the holder (together with its affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% (or, upon election by a holder prior to the issuance of any Pre-Funded Warrant or Common Warrant, 9.99%) of the number of shares of our shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the Pre-Funded Warrant or Common Warrant. However, any holder may increase or decrease such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99%, upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to us with respect to any increase in such percentage.
Exercise Price. The exercise price for the Pre-Funded Warrants is $0.0001 per share. The exercise price per whole share of common stock purchasable upon exercise of the Common Warrants is $[***] per share. The exercise price of the Common Warrants may also be reduced to any amount and for any period of time at the sole discretion of our board of directors. The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise will adjust in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our shares of common stock.
Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the Common Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without our consent.
Exchange Listing. We do not intend to apply for the listing of the Common Warrants or Pre-Funded Warrants offered in this offering on any stock exchange. Without an active trading market, the liquidity of the Common Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants will be limited.
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Warrant Agent. The Common Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants are expected to be issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between Computershare Investor Services, as warrant agent, and willus. The Common Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants shall initially be represented only by one or more global warrants deposited with the warrant agent, as custodian on behalf of The Depository Trust Company or DTC,(DTC) and registered in the name of Cede & Co., a nominee of DTC, or as otherwise directed by DTC pursuant to a warrant agency agreement between us and Computershare, Inc. together with its wholly-owned subsidiary, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as warrant agent.DTC.
Duration and Exercise Price
The warrants are exercisable from and after the date of their issuance and expire on the five year anniversary of such date, at an exercise price per share of common stock equal to $_____. The warrants will be governed by the terms of a global warrant held in book-entry form. The holder of a warrant will not be deemed a holder of our underlying common stock until the warrant is exercised. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a warrant. Instead, for any such fractional share that would have otherwise been issued upon exercise of warrants, we will round such fraction up to the next whole share.
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Exercisability
The warrants will be exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise (except in the case of a cashless exercise as discussed below). [Warrant holders may elect to be subject to a restriction on the exercise of their warrants such that an electing warrant holder would not be able to exercise their warrants to the extent that, after giving effect to such exercise, such holder would beneficially own in excess of 9.9% of the shares of common stock outstanding.]
Cashless Exercise
If, at the time a holder exercises its warrants, a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act is not then effective or available for the issuance of such shares, then in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to us upon such exercise in payment of the aggregate exercise price, the holder may elect instead to receive upon such exercise (either in whole or in part) the net number of shares of common stock determined according to a formula set forth in the warrants.
Transferability
Subject to applicable laws, a warrant may be transferred at the option of the holder upon surrender of the warrant to us together with the appropriate instruments of transfer.
Fractional Shares
No fractional shares of common stock will be issued upon the exercise of the warrants. Rather, the number of shares of common stock to be issued will be rounded to the nearest whole number.
Trading Market
There is currently no established public trading market for the warrants, and there is no assurance that a market will develop. We are in the process of applying to have the warrants listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “ASTIW.” We will not consummate this offering unless our shares of common stock and warrants are approved for listing on Nasdaq.
RightRights as a Stockholder
. Except as otherwise provided in the warrantsCommon Warrants or the Pre-Funded Warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of our shares of our common stock, the holdersholder of the warrants doa Common Warrant or Pre-Funded Warrant does not have the rights or privileges of holdersa holder of our common stock with respect to the shares of common stock, underlying the warrants, including any voting rights, until they exercise their warrants. The warrants will provide that holders have the right to participate in distributionsholder exercises the Common Warrant or dividends paid on our common stock.Pre-Funded Warrant.
Fundamental Transaction
Transactions. In the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the warrantsCommon Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants and generally including, with certain exceptions, any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of our shares of common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the acquisition of more than 50% of our outstanding shares of common stock, or any person or group becoming the beneficial owner of 50% of the voting power represented by our outstanding shares of common stock, the holders of the warrantsCommon Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the warrantsCommon Warrants or the Pre-Funded Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the warrantsCommon Warrants or the Pre-Funded Warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction. Additionally, as more fully described in the warrants,Common Warrant, in the event of acertain fundamental transaction (as defined in the warrants),transactions, the holders of the warrantsCommon Warrants will be entitled to receive consideration in an amount in cash equal to the Black Scholes value of the Common Warrants on the date of consummation of such transaction.
Governing Law. The Pre-Funded Warrants, the Common Warrants and Warrant Agreement are governed by New York law.
The material terms and provisions of our common stock and each other class of our securities are described under the caption “Description of Capital Stock” in this prospectus.
Placement Agent’s Warrants
We have agreed to issue to the placement agent (or its permitted assignees) warrants determined accordingto purchase up to a formula set forthtotal of 139,643 shares of common stock (3% of the shares of common stock included in the warrants, provided, however, that, ifUnits, including the fundamental transactionshares of common stock underlying and Pre-Funded Warrants, but excluding the shares of common stock underlying the Common Warrants) at an exercise price per share of Common Stock equal to 125% of the public offering price per Unit. The placement agent’s Warrants will be exercisable at any time, and from time to time, in whole or in part, commencing six months from the closing of the offering and expiring five (5) years from the commencement of sales in the offering and will be exercisable for cash only unless an effective registration statement is not withinavailable at the time of exercise, in which case the warrants could be exercised on a cashless basis. The placement agent’s Warrants are not exercisable or convertible for more than five years from the commencement of sales of the public offering. The placement agent’s Warrants will also provide for customary anti-dilution provisions. The Warrants are not redeemable by us. The placement agent’s Warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the placement agent’s Warrants have been included on the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Future sales of our control,common stock, including not approved by our Board, then the holder shall only be entitled to receive the same type or formshares issued upon exercise of consideration (andoutstanding options and warrants, in the same proportion), atpublic market after this offering, or the Black Scholes valueperception that those sales may occur, could cause the prevailing market price for our common stock to fall or impair our ability to raise equity capital in the future. As described below, only a limited number of shares of our common stock will be available for sale in the unexercised portionpublic market after consummation of the warrant, that is being offeredthis offering due to contractual and paid to the holderslegal restrictions on resale described below. Future sales of our common stock in connectionthe public market either before (to the extent permitted) or after restrictions lapse, or the perception that those sales may occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our common stock at such time and our ability to raise equity capital at a time and price we deem appropriate.
Sale of outstanding shares
Except as otherwise noted, all information in this prospectus reflects and assumes (i) no sale of Pre-Funded Warrants in this offering, which, if sold, would reduce the number of shares of common stock that we are offering on a one-for-one basis and (ii) no exercise of the Common Warrants issued in this offering.
Based on the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of February 15, 2024, upon the closing of this offering we will have outstanding 8,448,614 shares of common stock.
Except for the outstanding shares that are held by our affiliates, substantially all of our outstanding shares may be resold in the public market immediately (i) without any restriction or (ii) with minimal restrictions in compliance with the fundamental transaction.SEC’s Rule 144 (as described below) as applied to sales by non-affiliates.
32Unless purchased or held by our affiliates, the 4,654,771 shares sold in this offering and the 4,654,771 shares issuable upon the exercise of the Common Warrants may be resold in the public market immediately without any restriction.
Warrant Agent
The warrants will be issued pursuant to the terms of a warrant agency agreement between us and Computershare, Inc. together with its wholly-owned subsidiary, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as warrant agent. The warrant agent may resign upon 30 days’ written notice to us and our transfer agent , if applicable. We have the right to remove the warrant agent upon 30 days’ prior written notice to the warrant agent, our transfer agent and the holders of any warrant certificates. If the warrant agent resigns or is removed, we will appoint a successor warrant agent. If we do not do so within 30 days, then any holder of a warrant certificate may petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a successor warrant agent and we will be deemed to be the warrant agent pending such appointment. In the warrant agency agreement, we have agreed to indemnify the warrant agent against certain liabilities.]
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DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Business Overview
We target high-value specialty solar markets. These include aerospace, defense, emergency management and consumer/OEM applications. This strategy enables us to fully leverage the unique advantages of our technology, including flexibility, durability and attractive power to weight and power to area performance. It further enables us to offer unique, differentiated solutions in large markets with less competition, and more attractive pricing.
Specifically, we focus on commercializing our proprietary solar technology in three highest-value PV verticals:
I. Aerospace: Space, Near-space and Fixed Wing UAV
II. Public Sector: Defense and Emergency Management
III. Commercial Off-grid and Portable Power
We believe the value proposition of Ascent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in these verticals, but also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in these unique markets. Ascent has the capability to design and develop finished products for end users in these areas as well as collaborate with strategic partners to design and develop custom integrated solutions for products like airships and fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap in the needs of end users across some of these verticals and believes it can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commercializing products for these customers.
The integration of Ascent's solar modules into space, near space, and aeronautic vehicles with ultra-lightweight and flexible solar modules is an important market opportunity for the Company. Customers in this market have historically required a high level of durability, high voltage and conversion efficiency from solar module suppliers, and we believe our products are well suited to compete in this premium market.
Product History
In March 2008, we demonstrated initial operating capacity of our first production line by beginning production trials as an end-to-end integrated process. Initial operating capacity production trials resulted in average thin film device efficiencies of 9.5% and small area monolithically integrated module efficiencies of over 7.0%. During 2008, optimization trials resulted in thin film device efficiencies in the 9.5% to 11.5% range and corresponding module efficiencies in the 7.0% to 9.0% range. The test modules measured approximately 15 centimeters wide by 30 centimeters long, which is significant in that it demonstrates true production capability where these modules are processed side-by-side. In contrast, devices tested under laboratory conditions are usually small area in nature measuring 1 centimeter by 1 centimeter or less. During the first quarter of 2009, we began limited production of monolithically integrated flexible CIGS modules in our initial production line. Our primary business model, at that time, was based upon mass production of solar modules of varying lengths, sizes and configurations. We provided sample modules to potential customers and development partners in various industries to explore integration of our products into new applications.
In July 2009, we obtained independent verification by the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory (“NREL”) that our modules of approximately 15 centimeters wide by 30 centimeters long measured 10.4% in conversion efficiency. In October 2009, NREL further verified our achievement of a manufacturing milestone of 14.0% cell efficiency as well as a peak efficiency of 11.4% for CIGS modules. Later, in December 2010, we achieved 12.1% module efficiency on the same form factor. In October 2010, we completed internal qualification testing of a flexible packaging solution which successfully passed the rigorous standard of one thousand (1,000) hours of damp heat testing (85% relative humidity and 85° C temperature) guideline set forth by International Electrotechnical Commission (“IEC”) 61646 standards for performance and long-term reliability of thin film solar modules.
In February 2010, three of our product configurations were certified by an independent laboratory on a variety of U.S. Department of Defense (“DOD”) rugged standards known as MIL-STD-810G. In October 2010, we completed full external certification under IEC 61646 at an independent laboratory of a two-meter module. Achieving this certification is required for building integrated photovoltaic (“BIPV”) and building applied photovoltaic (“BAPV”) applications used in commercial, industrial and residential rooftop markets. Certification activities will continue, as required, as we introduce new products and make changes or improvements to our already certified products.
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In 2010, we received an award from R&D Magazine and were recognized as one of the 100 Most Innovative Technologies, based on our process of monolithic integration on polyimide substrate. In 2011, Time Magazine selected us as one of the 50 Best Inventions of the year. In 2015 Ascent Solar won its second R&D 100 Award. The 2015 award was given for the development of the MilPak™ platform, a military-grade (MIL-STD-810G tested) and fully integrated solar power generation and storage unit incorporated with a Maximum Peak Power Tracking (MPPT) management system. The MilPak platform is one of the most rugged, yet lightweight, power generation and storage solutions available, both attributes enabled by the use of Ascent’s CIGS technology.
In January 2017, Ascent was awarded a contract to supply high-voltage SuperLight thin-film CIGS PV blankets. These 50W, fully laminated, flexible blankets were manufactured using a new process that was optimized for high performance in near-space conditions at elevated temperatures, and are custom designed for easy modular integration into series and parallel configurations to achieve the desired voltage and current required for such application.
In November 2017, Ascent introduced the next generation of our USB-based portable power systems with the XD™ series. The first product introduced was the XD-12 which, like previous products, is a folding, lightweight, easily stowable, PV system with USB power regulation. Unique to this generation of PV portable power is more PV power (12 Watts) and a 2.0 Amp smart USB output to enable the XD-12 to charge most smartphones, tablets, and USB-enabled devices as fast as a wall outlet. The enhanced smart USB circuit works with the device to be charged so that the device can determine the maximum power it is able to receive from the XD-12 and ensures the best possible charging performance directly from the sun.
Also in 2017, Ascent manufactured a new micro-module for a space customer, approximately 12.8mm x 50mm (0.5in x 2.0in) in size that is ideal for both laboratory-scale environmental testing, and for subsequent integration into flight experiments.
In February 2018, the Company introduced the second product in our XD series. Delivering up to 48 Watts of solar power, we believe the durable and compact Ascent XD-48 Solar Charger is the ideal solution for charging many portable electronics and off-grid power systems. The XD-48’s versatility allows it to charge both military and consumer electronics directly from the sun wherever needed. Like the XD-12, the XD-48 has a compact and portable design, and its rugged, weather-resistant construction withstands shocks, drops, damage and even minor punctures to power through the harshest conditions.
In March 2018, we collaborated with a European based customer for their lighter-than-air, helium-filled airship project, which was based on our newly developed ultra-light modules with substrate material that was half of the thickness of our standard modules. In 2019, we completed a repeat order from the same customer who had since established its airship development operation in the US. In 2020, we received a third and enlarged order from the same customer and completed the order in the second quarter of 2021. Most recently, in the 4th quarter of 2021 we received a fourth order with a targeted ship date in the 2nd quarter of 2022.
On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a Long-Term Supply and Joint Development Agreement (“JDA”) with TubeSolar, a significant existing stakeholder in the Company. Under the terms of the JDA, the Company will produce, and TubeSolar will purchase, thin-film PV foils (“PV Foils”) for use in TubeSolar’s solar modules for agricultural photovoltaic (“APV”) applications that require solar foils for its production. Under the JDA, the Company will receive up (i) to $4 million of non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) fees, (ii) up to $13.5 million of payments upon achievement of certain agreed production and cost structure milestones, and (iii) product revenues from sales of PV Foils to TubeSolar. The JDA has no fixed term, and may only be terminated by either party for breach.
The Company and TubeSolar have also jointly established a subsidiary company in Germany, in which TubeSolar holds a minority stake of 30% (the “JV”). The purpose of the JV is to establish and operate a PV manufacturing facility in Germany that will produce and deliver PV Foils exclusively to TubeSolar. Until the JV facility is fully operational, PV Foils will be manufactured in the Company’s existing facility in Thornton, Colorado. The parties expect to jointly develop next generation tooling for use in manufacturing PV Foils at the JV facility. The Company purchased 17,500 shares of the JV for 1 Euro per share, on November 10, 2021. There has been no activity under the JV as of September 30, 2021.
We continue to design and manufacture PV integrated portable power applications for commercial and military users, including the US Marine Corps, US AF Special Operations Command, US Special Operations Command, US Army Special Operations Command, US Army Futures Command, and others. Due to the high durability enabled by the monolithic integration employed by our technology, the capability to customize modules into different form factors and the industry leading light weight and flexibility provided by our modules, we believe that the potential applications for our products are extensive, including anywhere that may need power generation such as in disaster recovery and emergency preparedness,
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commercial and personal adventure expeditions to remote areas, humanitarian efforts in areas with poor power infrastructure, photography and filming involved in wildlife observation, to name a few.
Commercialization and Manufacturing Strategy
We manufacture our products by affixing a thin CIGS layer to a flexible, plastic substrate using a large format, roll-to-roll process that permits us to fabricate our flexible PV modules in an integrated sequential operation. We use proprietary monolithic integration techniques which enable us to form complete PV modules with little to no costly back-end assembly of inter-cell connections. Traditional PV manufacturers assemble PV modules by bonding or soldering discrete PV cells together. This manufacturing step typically increases manufacturing costs and, at times, proves detrimental to the overall yield and reliability of the finished product. By reducing or eliminating this added step, using our proprietary monolithic integration techniques, we believe we can achieve cost savings in, and increase the reliability of, our PV modules. All tooling necessary for us to meet our near-term production requirements is installed in our Thornton, Colorado plant.
We plan to continue the development of our current PV technology to increase module efficiency, improve our manufacturing tooling and process capabilities and reduce manufacturing costs. We also plan to continue to take advantage of research and development contracts to fund a portion of this development.
Advantages of CIGS on a Flexible Plastic Substrate
Thin film PV solutions differ based on the type of semiconductor material chosen to act as a sunlight absorbing layer, and also on the type of substrate on which the sunlight absorbing layer is affixed. To the best of our knowledge, we believe we are the only company in the world currently focused on commercial scale production of PV modules using CIGS on a flexible, plastic substrate with monolithic integration. We utilize CIGS as a semiconductor material because, at the laboratory level, it has a higher demonstrated cell conversion efficiency than amorphous silicon (“a-Si”) and cadmium telluride (“CdTe”). We also believe CIGS offers other compelling advantages over both a-Si and CdTe, including:
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We believeLock-up agreements
In connection with this offering, we, and our choiceofficers and directors, agreed that, for a period of substrate material further differentiates ussix months from other thin film PV manufacturers. We believe[***], 2024 (the date of this prospectus), we and they will not, without the useprior written consent of a flexible, lightweight, insulating substrate that is easier to install provides clear advantagesDawson James Securities Inc., dispose of or hedge any shares or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for our target markets, especially where rigid substratescommon stock, subject to certain exceptions.
Dawson James Securities Inc., in their sole discretion may release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time. If the restrictions under the lock-up agreements are unsuitable. We also believewaived, shares of our usecommon stock may become available for resale into the market, subject to applicable law, which could reduce the market price for our common stock. See “Plan of a flexible, plastic substrate provides us significant cost advantages because it enables us to employ monolithic integration techniques on larger components, which we believe are unavailable to manufacturers who use flexible, metal substrates. Accordingly, we are able to significantly reduce part count, thereby reducing the need for costly back end assembly of inter cell connections. As the only company, to our knowledge, focused on the commercial production of PV modules using CIGS on a flexible, plastic substrate with monolithic integration, we believeDistribution.”
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, once we have been subject to the opportunitypublic company reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, for at least 90 days, a person (or persons whose shares are required to addressbe aggregated) who is not deemed to have been one of our “affiliates” for purposes of Rule 144 at any time during the consumer electronics, defense, aerospace, transportation, off grid, portable powerthree months preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least six months, including the holding period of any prior owner other weight-sensitive marketsthan one of our “affiliates,” is entitled to sell those shares in the public market (subject to the lock-up agreements referred to above, if applicable) without complying with transformational high quality, value added product applications. Itthe manner of sale, volume limitations or notice provisions of Rule 144, but subject to compliance with the public information requirements of Rule 144.
Rule 144(a)(1) defines an “affiliate” of an issuing company as a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is these same unique featurescontrolled by, or is under common control with, such issuer. Directors, officers and holders of ten percent or more of the Company’s voting securities (including securities which are issuable within the next sixty days) are deemed to be affiliates of the issuing company. If such a person has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least one year, including the holding period of any prior owner other than “affiliates,” then such person is entitled to sell such shares in the public market without complying with any of the requirements of Rule 144 (subject to the lock-up agreements referred to above, if applicable).
In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, once we have been subject to the public company reporting requirements of the Exchange Act for at least 90 days, our overall manufacturing process that enable us“affiliates,” as defined in Rule 144, who have beneficially owned the shares proposed to produce extremely robust, lightbe sold for at least six months, including the holding period of any prior owner other than one of our “affiliates,” are entitled to sell in the public market, upon expiration of any applicable lock-up agreements and flexible consumer products.
Competitive Strengths
We believe we possesswithin any three-month period, a number of competitive strengthsthose shares of our common stock that provide us with an advantage overdoes not exceed the greater of:
| · | 1% of the number of common shares then outstanding; or |
| · | the average weekly trading volume of our common stock on the Nasdaq during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to such sale. |
Such sales under Rule 144 by our competitors.“affiliates” or persons selling shares on behalf of our “affiliates” are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions, notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We are offering up to a maximum of 9 million Units. We are seeking to raise approximately $3.0 million in gross proceeds from this offering. At an assumed public offering price of $0.6445 per Unit, which represents the closing price of our common stock on Nasdaq on February 15, 2024, we would sell 4,654,771 Units for gross proceeds of up to $3.0 million before deduction of placement agent commissions and offering expenses, in a best-efforts offering. There is no minimum amount of proceeds that is a condition to closing of this offering. The actual amount of gross proceeds, if any, in this offering could vary substantially from the gross proceeds from the sale of the maximum amount of securities being offered in this prospectus.
Pursuant to a placement agency agreement, dated as of February [***], 2024, we have engaged Dawson James Securities, Inc. to act as our exclusive placement agent (the “Placement Agent” or “Dawson James”) to solicit offers to purchase the securities offered by this prospectus. The Placement Agent is not purchasing or selling any securities, nor is it required to arrange for the purchase and sale of any specific number or dollar amount of securities, other than to use its “reasonable best efforts” to arrange for the sale of the securities by us. Therefore, we may not sell the entire amount of securities being offered. Investors purchasing securities offered hereby will have the option to execute a securities purchase agreement with us. In addition to the rights and remedies available to all investors in this offering under federal and state securities laws, the investors which enter into a securities purchase agreement will also be able to bring claims of breach of contract against us. Investors who do not enter into a securities purchase agreement shall rely solely on this prospectus in connection with the purchase of our securities in this offering. The Placement Agent may engage one or more subagents or selected dealers in connection with this offering.
The placement agency agreement provides that the Placement Agent’s obligations are subject to conditions contained in the placement agency agreement.
We will deliver the securities being issued to the investors upon receipt of investor funds for the purchase of the securities offered pursuant to this prospectus. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in escrow, trust or similar arrangement and the Units will be offered at a fixed price and are expected to be issued in a single closing. We expect to deliver the securities being offered pursuant to this prospectus on or about [***], 2024.
Placement Agent Fees, Commissions and Expenses
Upon the closing of this offering, we will pay the placement agent a cash transaction fee equal to 7% of the aggregate gross cash proceeds to us from the sale of the securities in the offering. In addition, we will reimburse the placement agent for its out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with this offering, including the fees and expenses of the counsel for the placement agent, up to $155,000.
The following table shows the public offering price, placement agent fees and proceeds, before expenses, to us.
| Per Unit | Total | ||||||
| $ | $ | |||||||
| Placement agent fees (1) | $ | $ | ||||||
| Proceeds, before expenses, to us (2) | $ | $ | ||||||
| (1) | Does not include additional compensation the |
| (2) | The amount of offering proceeds to |
We estimate that the total expenses of the offering, including registration, filing and listing fees, printing fees and legal and accounting expenses, but excluding the placement agent commission, will be approximately $286,000, all of which are payable by us. This figure includes, among other things, the placement agent’s fees and expenses (including the legal fees, costs and expenses for the placement agent’s legal counsel) up to $155,000.
No action has been taken by us or the Placement Agent that would permit a public offering of the shares of the units, or the shares of common stock, Pre-Funded Warrants or Common Warrants in any jurisdiction outside the United States where action for that purpose is required. None of our securities included in this offering may be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sales of any of the securities offering hereby be distributed or published in any jurisdiction except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons who receive this prospectus are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to this offering of securities and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus is neither an offer to sell nor a solicitation of any offer to buy the securities in any jurisdiction where that would not be permitted or legal.
The Placement Agent have advised us that they do not intend to confirm sales to any account over which they exercise discretionary authority.
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Markets and Marketing StrategyPlacement Agent’s Warrants
We target high-value specialty solar markets. These include aerospace, defense, emergency management and consumer/OEM applications. This strategy enables us to fully leverage the unique advantages of our technology, including flexibility, durability and attractive power to weight and power to area performance. It further enables us to offer unique, differentiated solutions in large markets with less competition, and more attractive pricing.
Specifically, we focus on commercializing our proprietary solar technology in three highest-value PV verticals:
I. Aerospace: Space, Near-space and Fixed Wing UAV
II. Public Sector: Defense and Emergency Management
III. Commercial Off-grid and Portable Power
We believe the value proposition of Ascent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in these verticals, but also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in these unique markets. Ascent has the capability to design and develop finished products for end users in these areas as well as collaborate with strategic partners to design and develop custom integrated solutions for products like airships and fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap in the needs of end users across some of these verticals and believes it can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commercializing products for these customers.
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The integration of Ascent's solar modules into space, near space, and aeronautic vehicles with ultra-lightweight and flexible solar modules is an important market opportunity for the Company. Customers in this market have historically required a high level of durability, high voltage and conversion efficiency from solar module suppliers, and we believe our products are well suited to compete in this premium market. In May 2014, together with our partners, Silent Falcon UAS Technologies and Bye Aerospace, we announced the successful first flight of a production version of the Silent Falcon™ Unmanned Aircraft Systems, powered by Ascent’s ultra-lightweight, flexible PV modules. In July 2014, our ultra-lightweight, flexible PV modules were selected by Vanguard Space Technologies for their NASA Small Business Innovative Research program. The NASA program is intended to develop an economical, lightweight alternative to existing and emerging high-cost solar arrays for high-power space applications. We expect opportunities in this segment to develop rapidly due to customers' extensive development, testing and evaluation processes.
In March 2016, the Company announced a major breakthrough of our high-voltage superlight bare modules, achieving a power-to-weight ratio of 1,700 watts per kilogram at AM0 environment. The “best-in-class” specific power is crucial to the aerospace industry where every pound of weight reduction would translate to incremental cost savings or increased in payloads. In December 2016, Ascent was selected by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (“JAXA”) as part of their next round of evaluations for providing solar technology for an upcoming mission to Jupiter, as well as to address additional missions. This decision followed an earlier round of investigation with promising results, during which the Company's flexible, monolithically integrated CIGS solar module was subjected to environmental extremes and continued to operate well. During the first phase of JAXA's evaluation, Ascent's PV was successfully tested below -146°C (-231°F) and up to +190°C (+374 °F), and to only 4% of the sunlight generally received in earth's orbit. In addition, JAXA has subjected Ascent's PV to radiation and mechanical testing.
In 2017 we continued to solidify our position in the space and near-space markets; these challenging requirements and environments allow for the full utilization of the unique nature and advantages of our lightweight, flexible monolithically integrated CIGS PV. Through continued work in the PV-powered drone field, Ascent made significant strides in providing PV power to high-altitude airships and next-generation space applications.
In January 2017, Ascent was awarded a contract to supply high-voltage SuperLight thin-film CIGS PV blankets. These 50W, fully laminated, flexible blankets were manufactured using a new process that was optimized for high performance in near-space conditions at elevated temperatures, and are custom designed for easy modular integration into series and parallel configurations to achieve the desired voltage and current required for such application.
In November 2017, Ascent fulfilled a third order from JAXA for custom PV products designed specifically for their upcoming solar sail deployment demonstration project. This project was comprised of small area test cells and large, 19.5cm x 30cm monolithically integrated modules, all on a very thin, 25-micron (0.001 inch) plastic substrate which is half the thickness of Ascent’s production substrate for a standard product. In space, near-space, and drone applications, the PV substrate accounts for a significant portion of the product’s overall mass; the PV construction on the new 25-micron substrates represents a major breakthrough for these markets. JAXA placed this order after achieving the desired experimental results from the previous shipments and subsequent electrical, mechanical and environmental testing. The 19.5cm x 30cm module is a custom design to match the anticipated deployment mechanism and PV layout for the final Jovian spacecraft. We continue to receive testing orders from JAXA.
Also in 2017, Ascent fulfilled a new order, with another repeat space customer, to manufacture a new micro-module, approximately 12.8mm x 50mm (0.5in x 2.0in) in size that is ideal for both laboratory-scale environmental testing, and for subsequent integration into flight experiments.
In 2015 Ascent Solar won its second R&D 100 Award, the 2015 award was given for the development of the MilPak platform, a military-grade solar power generation and storage unit. The MilPak platform is one of the most rugged, yet lightweight, power generation and storage solutions available, both attributes enabled by the use of Ascent’s CIGS technology.
The military market has a unique set of requirements we believe are well suited to our products. When integrated with fabric to form re-deployable arrays, our highly efficient, rugged, lightweight modules may allow soldiers to minimize battery loads, reduce the use of conventional fuels, and increase safety through the streamlining of fuel transport operations, providing the front-line units with maximum resilience and helping to increase operational efficiency. We are also working to expand our foldable line of outdoor solar chargers, such as the XD-12 and the XD-48, which are well suited for the individual soldier or for the bigger power needs of a platoon with the ability of several chargers to be strung together. Our modules can also provide a reliable source of renewable power in remote areas, regardless of local infrastructure. We will continue to seek to
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reach the military market through partnerships with top systems providers, by providing Government Service Administration Letters of Supply, and through direct sales and other blanket purchase agreements with the government.
Transportation integrated PV, or integration of our flexible solar modules with vehicles such as commercial trucks, buses, trains and passenger cars, is another market segment that we believe represents a significant opportunity. Due to their flexible form and durable, lightweight properties, our modules can be fitted to the exterior of various vehicles to provide supplemental power without significantly affecting the aerodynamics, weight or aesthetics of the vehicle. We are currently working with multiple integrators and OEMs to develop effective value-added solutions for this market.
During the third quarter of 2017, Ascent Solar demonstrated its breadth of capabilities at the US Special Operations Command (“SOCOM”) exclusive Technical Experimentation (“TE”) 17-3 Event in Washington, DC. SOCOM is tasked, by the Department of Defense (“DoD”), with providing Special Operations Forces (“SOF”) with the latest war fighting technology available; in support of this effort, SOCOM sponsors an annual TE event. In July of 2017, SOCOM requested the participation of companies who have proficiency in the areas of Satellite Communication (“SATCOM”) and Unattended Ground Sensors (“UGS”) for a TE event. Over 30 companies were selected to participate, and Ascent Solar was one of only 2 companies selected to participate who didn’t actually make SATCOM or UGS products. Ascent Solar was selected on the basis and recognition that one of the primary issues facing the DoD today is the ability to power all of their war fighting technology. Ascent’s diverse line-up of rugged and lightweight portable solar products offers the potential for the DoD to generate unattended ongoing power, which could save lives and increase the efficiency of the war fighting effort. Ascent was honored to be chosen to participate, and the assessed score we received is indicative of a capability that has “high potential for SOF use with few limitations”.
During the third quarter of 2018, Ascent Solar was once again selected to demonstrate its breadth of capabilities at the SOCOM exclusive TE 18-3 Event in Washington, DC. In July of 2018, SOCOM requested the participation of companies who have proficiency in the areas of Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR), Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (SUAS) and Mobility for the TE event. Over 50 companies were selected to participate, and Ascent Solar was one of only 2 companies selected for a second straight year.
We continue to supply our strategic partners with PV modules to support their development, testing and certification of new integrated PV products, including product testing by several branches of the U.S. military. We believe that our high-power density flexible solar modules enable new applications for solar power. By creating mutually beneficial partnerships and strategically penetrating the markets discussed above, we plan to develop the landscape of mobile solar power generation with advanced technology end products.
During 2021, the ASTI team further advanced product acceptance into the highly stringent space market with demonstrated solar module survivability under the guidance of NASA Marshal Space Flight Center (MSFC) MISSE X flight experiment on the International Space Station (ISS), advancing our Technology Readiness Level (TRL) to 6, with subsequent flights in 2022-23, both NASA and commercial, to achieve TRL 7. TRL 8 is commonly accepted as space qualified. Also during 2021, the ASTI team was able to utilize an ultra-thin lamination made from the coating material used during MISSE X to build custom modules for a customer to be tested for a future flight.
Competition
We have pivoted our strategic focus away from large scale utility projectsagreed to issue to the Placement Agent (or its permitted assignees) warrants to purchase up to a total of 139,643 shares of common stock (3% of the traditional solar markets. We believe our thin film, monolithically integrated CIGS technology enables usshares of common stock included in the Units, including shares of common stock underlying any Pre-funded Warrants, but excluding the shares of common stock underlying the Common Warrants) at an exercise price equal to deliver sleek, lightweight, rugged, high performance solutions125% of the public offering price per Unit, assuming an offering of up to serve these markets as competitors4,654,771 Units, based on an assumed public offering price of $0.6445 per Unit. The Placement Agent’s Warrants will be exercisable at any time, and from other thin filmtime to time, in whole or in part, commencing six months from the closing of the offering and c-Si companies emerge.expiring five (5) years from the commencement of sales in the offering and will be exercisable for cash only unless an effective registration statement is not available at the time of exercise, in which case the warrants could be exercised on a cashless basis. The landscapePlacement Agent’s Warrants are not exercisable or convertible for more than five years from the commencement of thin film manufacturers encompassessales of the public offering. The Placement Agent’s Warrants will also provide for customary anti-dilution provisions. The Placement Agent’s Warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Placement Agent’s Warrants have been included on the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a broad mix of technology platforms at various stages of development and consists of a number of medium and small companies.part.
The market for traditional, grid connected PV products is dominatedPlacement Agent’s Warrants and the underlying shares are deemed to be compensation by large manufacturersFINRA, and therefore will be subject to a 180-day lock-up period pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(e)(1). In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(e)(1), neither the Placement Agent’s Warrants nor any of c-Si technology, although thin film technology on glass has begun to emerge among the major players. We anticipate that while these large manufacturers may continue to dominate the market with their silicon-based products, thin film manufacturers will likely capture an increasingly larger shareour common stock issued upon exercise of the market, as is evident fromplacement agent’s warrants may be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated, or be the successsubject of First Solar (CdTe) and Solar Frontier (CIGS), both among the top 20 producers worldwide. In 2019, crystalline silicon PV technology represented over 90% of global market revenue and production, with the balance captured by thin film. Approximately half of thin film production is CdTe production, with the other half being split between CIGS and a-Si.
We believeany hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that our modules offer unique advantages. Their flexibility, low areal density (mass per unit area), and high specific power (power per unit mass) enable use on weight-sensitive applications, such as portable power, conformal aircraft
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surfaces, high altitude long endurance (HALE) fixed wing and lighter than air (LTA) vehicles, and space applications that are unsuitable for glass-based modules. Innovative product design, customer focused development, and our rapid prototyping capability yield modules that could be integrated into virtually any product to create a source of renewable energy. Whether compared to glass based or other flexible modules, our products offer competitive advantages making them unique in comparison to competing products.
Research and Development and Intellectual Property
We intend to continue to invest in research and development in order to provide near term improvements to our manufacturing process and products, as well as to identify next generation technologies relevant to both our existing and potential new markets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and full years 2020 and 2019 we incurred approximately $2,716,395, $1,165,193 and $1,310,948, respectively, in research and development costs, which include research and development incurred in relation to our government contracts, as well as manufacturing costs incurred while developing our product lines and manufacturing process.
Our technology was initially developed at ITN beginning in 1994. In early 2006, ITN assigned to us certain CIGS PV-specific technologies, and granted to us a perpetual, exclusive, royalty free, worldwide license to use these technologies in connection with the manufacture, development, marketing and commercialization of CIGS PV to produce solar power. In addition, certain of ITN’s existing and future proprietary process and control technologies, although nonspecific to CIGS PV, were assigned to us. ITN retained the right to conduct research and development activities in connection with PV materials, and we agreed to grant a license back to ITN for improvements to the licensed technologies and intellectual property outside of the CIGS PV field.
We protect our intellectual property through a combination of trade secrets and patent protections. We own the following patents and published patent applications:
Issued Patents and Registrations
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Published Patent Applications
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Suppliers
We rely on several unaffiliated companies to supply certain raw materials used during the fabrication of our PV modules and PV integrated electronics. We acquire these materials on a purchase order basis and do not have long term purchase quantity commitments with the suppliers, although we may enter into such contractswould result in the future. We currently acquire alleffective economic disposition of our high temperature plastic from one supplier, although alternative supplierssuch securities by any person, for a period of similar materials exist. We purchase component molybdenum, copper, indium, gallium, selenium and indium tin oxides from a variety180 days immediately following commencement of suppliers. We also currently are in the processsale of identifying and negotiating arrangements with alternative suppliers of materials in the United States and Asia.this offering subject to certain exceptions permitted by FINRA Rule 5110(e)(2).
The manufacturing equipment and tools used in our production process have been purchased from various suppliers in Europe, the United States and Asia. Although we have had good relations with our existing equipment and tools suppliers, we monitor and explore opportunities for developing alternative sources to drive our manufacturing costs down.
EmployeesTail
We currently have 52 full-time and 2 part-time employees.
Company History
We were formed in October 2005 from the separation by ITN of its Advanced Photovoltaic Division and all of that division’s key personnel and core technologies. ITN, a private company incorporated in 1994, is an incubator dedicated to the development of thin film, PV, battery, fuel cell and nanotechnologies. Through its work on research and development contracts for private and government entities, ITN developed proprietary processing and manufacturing know-how applicable to PV products generally, and to CIGS PV products in particular. Our company was established by ITN to commercialize its investment in CIGS PV technologies. In January 2006, ITN assigned to us all its CIGS PV technologies and trade secrets and granted to us a perpetual, exclusive, royalty free worldwide license to use certain of ITN’s proprietary process, control and design technologies in the production of CIGS PV modules. Upon receipt of the necessary government approvals in January 2007, ITN assigned government funded research and development contracts to us and also transferred the key personnel working on the contracts to us.
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DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY
Principal Business Office
Our principal business office and manufacturing facility is located in a leased space at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, Colorado 80241. We have approximately 30,000 square feet of fully equipped office space and 70,000 square feet of fully equipped manufacturing space. We consider our office space adequate for our current operations.
We have no policies with respectalso agreed to investments in real estate or interests in real estate.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From timepay Dawson a tail fee equal to time, we may become involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course7% of our business. We are not currently aware of any such proceedings or claims that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditiongross cash proceeds to us, if any investor, who was contacted or resultsintroduced to us by Dawson during the term of operations.its engagement, provides us with capital in any public or private offering or other financing or capital raising transaction during the nine-month period following the closing of this offering.
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MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERSDetermination of Offering Price
Market Information
Our common stock previouslyis currently traded on theThe Nasdaq Capital Market.Market under the symbol “ASTI.” On February 23, 201615, 2024, the Company received notice from Nasdaq stating that Nasdaq had determined to delist the Company's common stock, and we began trading on the OTCQB Venture Market. On May 20, 2017 our common stock was delisted from the OTCQB Venture Market and began trading on the OTC Pink. Our trading symbol is “ASTI.” The following table sets forth the high and low-salesclosing price information per share for our common stock for the last two completed fiscal years, as adjusted for reverse stock splits.
Price Range of Common Stock
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Holders
As of February 3, 2022, the number of record holders of our common stock was 27. Because many$0.6445 per share.
The public offering price of the securities offered by this prospectus will be determined by negotiation between us and the placement agent. Among the factors that will be considered in determining the final public offering price of the shares:
| · | Our history and our prospects; | |
| · | The industry in which we operate; | |
| · | Our past and present operating results; and | |
| · | The general condition of the securities markets at this time of this offering. |
The public offering price stated on the cover page of this prospectus should not be considered an indication of the actual value of the shares of common stock sold in this offering. That price is subject to change as a result of market conditions and other factors and we cannot assure you that the shares of common stock sold in this offering can be resold at or above the public offering price.
Electronic Distribution
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on a website maintained by the placement agents and the placement agents may distribute prospectuses electronically. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on these websites is not part of this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or the placement agents and should not be relied upon by investors.
Listing
Our shares of common stock are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “ASTI.”
The last reported sales price of our shares of common stock are held by brokerson February 15, 2024 was $0.6445 per share. The actual public offering price per unit will be determined between us, the placement agent and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of stockholders represented by these record holders.
Dividends
The holders of common stock are entitled to receive such dividends asinvestors in the offering, and may be declared byat a discount to the current market price of our Board. Duringcommon stock. Therefore, the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, and duringassumed public offering price used throughout this prospectus may not be indicative of the year 2022 to-date, we did not pay any common stock dividends,final public offering price. There is no established public trading market for the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Common Warrants, and we do not expect such a market to declaredevelop. In addition, we do not intend to apply for listing of the Pre-Funded Warrants or paythe Common Warrants on any dividendssecurities exchange or other trading system.
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Lock-Up Agreements
We, our officers and directors and certain stockholders have agreed, subject to limited exceptions, for a period of six months after the closing of this offering, not to offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, grant any option to purchase, make any short sale or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock either owned as of the date of the placement agent agreement or thereafter acquired without the prior written consent of Dawson James Securities Inc. Dawson James Securities, Inc. may, in its sole discretion and at any time or from time to time before the termination of the lock-up period, without notice, release all or any portion of the securities subject to lock-up agreements.
Other Relationships
From time to time, the placement agent and its affiliates may provide in the foreseeable future. Paymentfuture, various advisory, investment and commercial banking and other services to us in the ordinary course of future dividendsbusiness, for which they will receive customary fees and commissions. The placement agent has received compensation for services previously provided to the Company.
On September 28, 2023, the Company issued an aggregate of 3,572,635 units in a registered public offering at a price of $2.88 per Unit, for gross proceeds of approximately $10.3 million, before deducting offering expenses. Dawson James acted as placement agent in connection with this registered public offering. As compensation for its services, Dawson James received (i) a placement agent fee in cash equal to 8.00% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the units sold in the offering. (ii) reimbursements of its reasonable travel and other out-of-pocket expenses, including the reasonable fees of legal counsel of $155,000, and (iii) five-year warrants to purchase up to a total of 107,179 shares of common stock (3% of the shares of common stock included in the Units, including shares of common stock underlying any Pre-funded Warrants, but excluding the shares of common stock underlying the Common Warrants) at an exercise price of $3.60 (125% of the public offering price of $2.88 per unit).
The warrants and the underlying shares may be deemed to be compensation by FINRA, and therefore will be subject to FINRA Rule 5110(e)(1). In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(e)(1), neither the warrants nor any of our shares of common stock issued upon exercise of the warrants may be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of such securities by any person, for a period of 180 days immediately following the commencement date of sales in this offering, subject to certain exceptions. In addition, the foregoing warrants may not be exercised more than five years from the date of commencement of sales in this offering.
Transfer Agent, Warrant Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent, warrant agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Investor Services.
Regulation M
The placement agent may be deemed to be an underwriter within the discretionmeaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act, and any commissions received by it and any profit realized on the resale of the securities sold by it while acting as principal might be deemed to be underwriting discounts or commissions under the Securities Act. As an underwriter, the placement agent would be required to comply with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, Rule 10b-5 and Regulation M under the Exchange Act. These rules and regulations may limit the timing of purchases and sales of our Boardsecurities by the placement agent acting as principal. Under these rules and will depend on, amongregulations, the placement agent (i) may not engage in any stabilization activity in connection with our securities and (ii) may not bid for or purchase any of our securities or attempt to induce any person to purchase any of our securities, other factors, our retained earnings, capital requirements,than as permitted under the Exchange Act, until it has completed its participation in the distribution.
Indemnification
We have agreed to indemnify the placement agent against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and operating and financial condition.to contribute to payments that the placement agent may be required to make for these liabilities.
LEGAL MATTERS
The
Carroll Legal LLC, Denver, CO will pass upon the validity of the issuance of securities offered hereby is being passed upon for us by Carroll Legal LLC. Loeb & Loeb LLP is passing upon certain legal matters for us. Troutman Pepper Hamilton SandersThe placement agent is represented by ArentFox Schiff LLP, is acting as counsel to the underwriters.Washington, DC.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. as of December 31, 20202023 and 20192022 and for each of the yearyears ended December 31, 20202023 and 20192022 appearing in this prospectus have been audited by Haynie & Company, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report, thereon (which contains an explanatory paragraph relating to substantial doubt about the ability of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. to continue as a going concern as described in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019)2022), appearing elsewhere in this prospectus, and are included in reliance on such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion and analysis contains statements of a forward-looking nature relating to future events or our future financial performance. As a result of many factors, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.
Significant Trends, Uncertainties and Challenges
We believe the significant trends, uncertainties and challenges that directly or indirectly affect our financial performance and results of operations include:
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Remediation of Material Weaknesses: At December 31, 2020 and March 31, 2021, we concluded that there were material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. See Management’s Discussion and Analysis--Remediation of Material Weaknesses. The Company executed the following steps to remediate the aforementioned material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting:
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The Company engaged an external resource with the technical expertise to assist in documenting and testing internal controls under Section 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002.
Basis of Presentation: The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We have identified the policies below as critical to our business operations and to the understanding of our financial results:
Significant Accounting Policies
Inventories: All inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined using the weighted average method. Inventory balances are frequently evaluated to ensure they do not exceed net realizable value. The computation for net realizable value takes into account many factors, including expected demand, product life cycle and development plans, module efficiency, quality issues, obsolescence and others. Management's judgment is required to determine reserves for obsolete or excess inventory. If actual demand and market conditions are less favorable than those estimated by management, additional inventory write downs may be required.
Impairment of Long-lived assets: We analyze our long-lived assets (property, plant and equipment) and definitive-lived intangible assets (patents) for impairment, both individually and as a group, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. Events that might cause impairment would include significant current period operating or cash flow losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset or group of assets combined with a history of such losses, significant changes in the manner of use of assets and significant negative industry or economic trends. An undiscounted cash flow analysis is calculated to determine if an impairment exists. If an impairment is determined to exist, any related loss is calculated using the difference between the fair value and the carrying value of the assets.
Convertible Preferred Stock: The Company evaluates its preferred stock instruments under FASB ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” to determine the classification, and thereby the accounting treatment, of the instruments. Please refer to Note 15 to the consolidatedfinancial statements as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 for further discussion on the classification of each instrument.
Derivatives: The Company evaluates its financial instruments under FASB ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” to determine whether the instruments contain an embedded derivative. When an embedded derivative is present, the instrument is evaluated for a fair value adjustment upon issuance and at the end of every period. Any adjustments to fair value are treated as gains and losses in fair values of derivatives and are recorded on the Statement of Operations. Please refer to Notes 10 and 12 to the consolidatedfinancial statements as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 for further discussion on the embedded derivatives of each instrument.
Paycheck Protection Program Loan: The Company has elected to account for the forgivable loan received under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) provisions of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act as a debt instrument and to accrue interest on the outstanding loan balance. Additional interest at a market rate (due to the stated interest rate of the PPP loan being below market) is not imputed, as the transactions where interest rates prescribed by governmental agencies are excluded from the scope of accounting guidance on imputing interest. The proceeds from the loan will remain recorded as a liability until either (1) the loan is, in part of wholly, forgiven and the Company has been legally
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released or (2) the Company repays the loan to the lender. On September 4, 2021, the Company received notification from Vectra Bank Colorado that the Small Business Administration has forgiven the PPP loan and the liability was recognized as other income.
Revenue Recognition:
Product revenue. We recognize revenue for the sale of PV modules and other equipment at a point in time following the transfer of control of such products to the customer, which typically occurs upon shipment or delivery depending on the terms of the underlying contracts. For module and other equipment sales contracts that contain multiple performance obligations, we allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation identified in the contract based on relative standalone selling prices, or estimates of such prices, and recognize the related revenue as control of each individual product is transferred to the customer.
Milestone revenue. Each milestone arrangement is a separate performance obligation. The transaction price is estimated using the most likely amount method and revenue is recognized as the performance obligation is satisfied through achieving manufacturing or cost targets and engineering targets.
Government contract revenue. Revenue from government research and development contracts is generated under terms that are cost plus fee or firm fixed price. We generally recognize this revenue over time using cost-based input methods, which recognize revenue and gross profit as work is performed based on the relationship between actual costs incurred compared to the total estimated costs of the contract. In applying cost-based input methods of revenue recognition, we use the actual costs incurred relative to the total estimated costs to determine our progress towards contract completion and to calculate the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize.
Cost based input methods of revenue recognition are considered a faithful depiction of our efforts to satisfy long-term government research and development contracts and therefore reflect the performance obligations under such contracts. Costs incurred that do not contribute to satisfying our performance obligations are excluded from our input methods of revenue recognition as the amounts are not reflective of our transferring control under the contract. Costs incurred towards contract completion may include direct costs plus allowable indirect costs and an allocable portion of the fixed fee. If actual and estimated costs to complete a contract indicate a loss, provision is made currently for the loss anticipated on the contract.
Research, Development and Manufacturing Operations Costs: Research, development and manufacturing operations expenses include: (1) technology development costs, which include expenses incurred in researching new technology, improving existing technology and performing federal government research and development contracts, (2) product development costs, which include expenses incurred in developing new products and lowering product design costs, and (3) pre-production and production costs, which include engineering efforts to improve production processes, material yields and equipment utilization, and manufacturing efforts to produce saleable product. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs are expensed as incurred, with the exception of costs related to inventoried raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods, which are expensed as Cost of revenue as products are sold.
Share-Based Compensation: We measure and recognize compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees, officers, directors, and consultants based on estimated fair values. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service period in our statements of operations included herein. Share-based compensation is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, reduced by estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, as necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. For purposes of determining estimated fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant, we use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model (“Black-Scholes Model”) for option awards. The Black-Scholes Model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions. Because our employee stock options may have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management’s opinion, the existing models may not provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of our employee stock options. Management will continue to assess the assumptions and methodologies used to calculate estimated fair value of share-based compensation. Circumstances may change and additional data may become available over time, which result in changes to these assumptions and methodologies, which could materially impact our fair value determination. We estimate the fair value of our restricted stock awards at our stock price on the grant date.
The accounting guidance for share-based compensation may be subject to further interpretation and refinement over time. There are significant differences among option valuation models, and this may result in a lack of comparability with other companies that use different models, methods and assumptions. If factors change and we employ different assumptions in the
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accounting for share-based compensation in future periods, or if we decide to use a different valuation model, the compensation expense we record in the future may differ significantly from what we have recorded in the current period and could materially affect our loss from operations, net loss and net loss per share.
Earnings per Share: Earnings per share (“EPS”) are the amount of earnings attributable to each share of common stock. Basic EPS has been computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Income available to common stockholders has been computed by deducting dividends accumulated for the period on cumulative preferred stock (whether or not earned) from net income. Diluted earnings per share has been computed by dividing net income adjusted on an if-converted basis for the period by the weighted average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common share outstanding (which consist of options and convertible securities using the treasury stock method or the if-converted method, as applicable, to the extent they are dilutive).
Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging Contracts in Entity s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity s Own Equity. ASU 2020-06 will simplify the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation models are (1) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting and (2) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as paid-in capital. ASU 2020-06 also amends the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity to reduce form-over-substance-based accounting conclusions. ASU 2020-06 will be effective for smaller reporting companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Management has not yet evaluated the impact that the adoption of ASU 2020-06 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statement presentation or disclosures.
Other new pronouncements issued but not effective are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Results of Operations
Comparison of the Years EndedDecember 31, 2020and2019
Revenues. Our revenues were $66,613 for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to $638,380 for the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease of $571,767. The decrease in sales is due primarily to significantly reduced operations during the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company was in a dormant status for the most part of the year as the focus in 2020 was to recapitalize and restructure the Company’s balance sheet. The intensification of the COVID-19 pandemic since March 2020 also significantly impacted our restructuring effort, thereby delaying our ability to restart our operations in a timely manner.
Cost of revenues. Our cost of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $174,588 compared to $490,755 for the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease of 64%. The decrease in cost of revenues is mainly due to the decrease in materials and labor costs as a result of a decrease in production for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to 2019. Cost of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020 is comprised primarily of direct labor and overhead.
Research, development and manufacturing operations. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs were $1,165,193 for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to $1,310,948 for the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease of 11%. The decrease in cost is due primarily to reduced operations during the year ended December 31, 2020.
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Research, development and manufacturing operations costs include costs incurred for product development, pre-production and production activities in our manufacturing facility. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs also include costs related to technology development and governmental contracts.
Selling,general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses were $1,029,720 for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to $1,846,944 for the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease of 44%. The decrease in costs is due primarily to reduced operations in the current period.
Other Income/Expense, net. Other income was $4,071,990 for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to other expense $1,615,213 for the year ended December 31, 2019, an improvement of $5,687,203. The improvement is due primarily to the gain on sale of our facility and settlement of liabilities.
Net Income/Loss. Our Net Income was $1,617,444 for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to a Net Loss of $4,868,261 for the year ended December 31, 2019, an improvement of $6,485,705. The improvement is due primarily to the gain on sale of our facility and settlement of liabilities.
The improvement of $6,485,705 in Net Income/Loss for the year ended December 31, 2020 can be summarized in variances in significant account activity as follows:
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Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020
Revenues. Our revenues increased by $5,430 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020, due primarily to increased operations in the current period. The Company was in a dormant status for the 2020 three-month period, as the focus in 2020 was to recapitalize and restructure the Company’s balance sheet.
Cost of revenues. Our Cost of revenues increased by $682,357 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020 mainly due to the increase in repair and maintenance, materials, and labor costs as a result of an increase in production. Cost of revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2021 is comprised primarily of repair and maintenance, direct labor, and overhead costs.
Research, development and manufacturing operations. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs increased by $936,453 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020 is due primarily to an increased level of operations in the current period as compared to the Company’s dormant status in the 2020 three-month period. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs include costs incurred for product
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development, pre-production and production activities in our manufacturing facility. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs also include costs related to technology development and governmental contracts.
Selling,general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $566,981 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020. The increase in costs is due primarily to an increased level of operations in the current period as compared to the Company’s dormant status in the 2020 three-month period.
Other Income/Expense. Other income decreased $2,986,388 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease is due primarily to a gain from the change in fair value of derivative liabilities recognized in the prior period and a gain on disposal of the Building. In the current period, the Company’s gain from the extinguishment of the PPP loan was partially offset by interest expense.
Net (Loss)/Income. Our Net Loss increased by $5,155,535 for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 primarily due to the items mentioned above.
Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020
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| Nine Months Ended September 30, |
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| 2021 |
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| 2020 |
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| $ Change |
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Revenues |
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Product Revenue |
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| 557,369 |
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| 60,445 |
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| 496,924 |
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Total Revenues |
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| 557,369 |
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| 60,445 |
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| 496,924 |
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Costs and Expenses |
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Cost of Revenue |
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| 1,184,528 |
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| 101,156 |
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| (1,083,372 | ) |
Research, development and manufacturing operations |
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| 2,716,395 |
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| 485,592 |
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| (2,230,803 | ) |
SG&A |
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| 2,244,771 |
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| 505,053 |
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| (1,739,718 | ) |
Depreciation |
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| 40,047 |
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| 137,978 |
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| 97,931 |
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Total Costs and Expenses |
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| 6,185,741 |
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| 1,229,779 |
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| (4,955,962 | ) |
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Loss From Operations |
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| (5,628,372 | ) |
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| (1,169,334 | ) |
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| (4,459,038 | ) |
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Other Income/(Expense) |
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Other Income/(Expense), net |
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| 68,443 |
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| 3,314,966 |
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| (3,246,523 | ) |
Interest Expense |
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| (899,533 | ) |
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| (3,227,112 | ) |
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| 2,327,579 |
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Change in fair value of derivatives and loss on extinguishment of liabilities |
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| 4,047,993 |
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| 8,707,333 |
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| (4,659,340 | ) |
Total Other Income/(Expense) |
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| 3,216,903 |
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| 8,795,187 |
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| (5,578,284 | ) |
Net (Loss)/Income |
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| (2,411,469 | ) |
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| 7,625,853 |
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| (10,037,322 | ) |
Revenues. Our revenues increased by $496,924 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020, due primarily to increased operations in the current period. The Company was in a dormant status for the 2020 nine-month period, as the focus in 2020 was to recapitalize and restructure the Company’s balance sheet.
Cost of revenues. Our Cost of revenues increased by $1,083,372 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020. The increase in cost of revenues is mainly due to the increase in repair and maintenance, materials, and labor costs as a result of an increase in production for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to 2020. Cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 is comprised primarily of repair and maintenance, direct labor and overhead costs. Management believes our factory is currently significantly under-utilized, and a substantial increase in revenue would result in marginal increases to Direct Labor and Overhead included in the Cost of revenues. As such management’s focus going forward is to improve gross margin through increased sales and improved utilization of our factory. We are currently pursuing high-value PV markets.
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Research, development and manufacturing operations. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs increased by $2,230,803 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020. The increase in costs is due primarily to increased operations in the current period as compared to the Company’s dormant status in the 2020 nine-month period. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs include costs incurred for product development, pre-production and production activities in our manufacturing facility. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs also include costs related to technology development and governmental contracts.
Selling,general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $1,739,718 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020. The increase in costs is due primarily to an increased level of operations in the current period as compared to the Company’s dormant status in the 2020 nine-month period.
Other Income/Expense. Other income decreased by $5,578,284 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease is due primarily to smaller gains from the change in derivative liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020 and a gain from disposal of the Building recognized during 2020 that was not repeated in 2021.
Net (Loss)/Income. Our Net Income decreased by $10,037,322 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020. The decrease is due primarily to the change in fair value of the derivative liabilities.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company has continued limited PV production at its manufacturing facility. The Company does not expect that sales revenue and cash flows will be sufficient to support operations and cash requirements until it has fully implemented its product strategy. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 the Company used $6,227,813 in cash for operations.
Additional projected product revenues are not anticipated to result in a positive cash flow position for the year overall and, as of September 30, 2021, the Company has working capital of $1,755,422. As such, cash liquidity would not be sufficient for the next twelve months and will require additional financing.
The Company continues to accelerate sales and marketing efforts related to its military solar products and specialty PV application strategies through expansion of its sales and distribution channels. The Company has begun activities related to securing additional financing through strategic or financial investors, but there is no assurance the Company will be able to raise additional capital on acceptable terms or at all. If the Company's revenues do not increase rapidly, and/or additional financing is not obtained, the Company will be required to significantly curtail operations to reduce costs and/or sell assets. Such actions would likely have an adverse impact on the Company's future operations.
As a result of the Company’s recurring losses from operations, and the need for additional financing to fund its operating and capital requirements, there is uncertainty regarding the Company’s ability to maintain liquidity sufficient to operate its business effectively, which raises doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. These condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Statements of Cash Flows Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2020 and 2019
For the year ended December 31, 2020, our cash used in operations was $2,881,138 compared to $2,715,418 for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of $165,720. The increase is due primarily to our recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. For the year ended December 31, 2020, cash provided by investing activities was $254,444 compared to cash provided by investing activities of $827,491 for the year ended December 31, 2019. This change was primarily the result of a decrease in proceeds from the sale of assets. During the year ended December 31, 2020, negative operating cash flows of $2,881,138 were primarily funded through $2,500,000 in preferred stock issuances. On July 29, 2020 the Company’s owned facility at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, CO 80241 (the “Building”) was foreclosed by the Building’s first lien holder (“Mortgage Holder”) and sold at public auction. The successful bidder for the Building was the Mortgage Holder, at the price of $7.193 million. As a result, the Company’s obligations to Mortgage Holder and all of the Company’s outstanding real property taxes on the Building were considered fully repaid.
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Statements of Cash Flows Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021and2020
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, our cash used in operations was $6,227,813 compared to $1,473,988 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, an increase of $4,753,825. The increase is primarily the result of scaling up operations during the current period and the Company’s dormant status in the 2020 nine months period. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, cash used in investing activities was $158,818 compared to cash provided by investing activities of $254,444 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. This change was primarily the result of a decrease in proceeds from the sale of assets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net cash used in operations of $6,227,813 were funded through $10,500,000 in proceeds from issuances of preferred and common stock. On July 29, 2020 the Company’s owned facility at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, CO 80241 (the “Building”) was foreclosed by the Building’s first lien holder (“Mortgage Holder”) and sold at public auction. The successful bidder for the Building was the Mortgage Holder, at the price of $7.193 million. As a result, the Company’s obligations to Mortgage Holder and all of the Company’s outstanding real property taxes on the Building were considered fully repaid.
Off Balance Sheet Transactions
As of the date of this prospectus, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.
Smaller Reporting Company Status
We are a “smaller reporting company” meaning that the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million and our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company if either (i) the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million or (ii) our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million. As a smaller reporting company, we may rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirement that are available to smaller reporting companies. Specifically, as a smaller reporting company we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation.
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QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
We hold no significant funds and have no future obligations denominated in foreign currencies as of the date of this prospectus.
Although our reporting currency is the U.S. Dollar, we may conduct business and incur costs in the local currencies of other countries in which we may operate, make sales and buy materials. As a result, we are subject to currency translation risk. Further, changes in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. Dollar could affect our future net sales and cost of sales and could result in exchange losses.
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to market risks for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our cash equivalents and investment portfolio. As of the date of this prospectus, our cash equivalents consisted only of operating accounts held with financial institutions. From time to time, we may hold restricted funds, money market funds, investments in U.S. government securities and high quality corporate securities. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal and provide liquidity on demand, while at the same time maximizing the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk. The direct risk to us associated with fluctuating interest rates is limited to our investment portfolio, and we do not believe a change in interest rates will have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
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DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Our executive officers, continuing directors and director nominees, their ages and positions with us as of the date of this prospectus, are as follows:
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Victor Lee (Lee Kong Hian) has been the President and Chief Executive Officer of Ascent Solar Technologies Inc. since February 1, 2012 and a member of our Board since November 2011. Mr. Lee joined HF Foods Group Inc. (NASDAQ:HFFG) as Vice President, Chief Corporate Finance and Strategy Officer in December 2019 and was promoted to Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in May 2020. He brings more than 25 years of experience in strategic planning, sales & marketing, corporate finance, real estate finance and investment management, and corporate advisory services at leading worldwide financial institutions. Mr. Lee began his career at Citibank N.A., in 1993, handling small-and medium-sized corporate finance and progressed to a vice president position in the International Personal Banking Division. In 1999 he moved to Deutsche Bank AG as Vice President and in 2004 was promoted to managing director Singapore Market Head in the Private Wealth Management Division, where he was responsible for management of approximately $1 Billion in assets. From 2007 until 2009, he was with Morgan Stanley Private Wealth Management, most recently as executive director and head of Singapore/Malaysia markets. Mr. Lee holds a Bachelor's degree in Accounting from the University of Wisconsin and a Master's in Wealth Management from the Singapore Management University. We believe Mr. Lee is well-qualified to serve as a director due to his business experience and his comprehensive knowledge of the Company.
Michael Gilbreth has been Chief Financial Officer of Ascent Solar Technologies Inc. since October 2020. Mr. Gilbreth is a financial executive with more than 15 years of experience in accounting and business management, consumer packaged goods, e-commerce, and financial consulting. In April 2020, Mr. Gilbreth formed a financial consulting company, PVMG Advisors, Inc., which provides financial and business consulting services. While at PVMG, Mr. Gilbreth provided consulting services to Crowdex Investment, LLC in connection with the Company’s recent restructuring and recapitalization process. Previously, from 2015 to January 2020, Mr. Gilbreth was Vice President of Finance at Candy Club Holding Limited (ASX: CLB) headquartered in Los Angeles, California. Candy Club is a leading specialty market confectionery company which operates in the business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-customer (B2C) segments in the United States. In this lead finance role at Candy Club, Mr. Gilbreth supported the company’s capital raising activities, including a successful initial public offering on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) in February 2019. From 2013 to 2015, Mr. Gilbreth operated Gilbreth Consulting, which provides financial and operational management consulting services, and strategic and operational planning services. From 2010 to 2013, Mr. Gilbreth was VP/Finance at MediaTrust, a performance marketing company based in southern California. From 2005 to 2010, Mr. Gilbreth was a business manager at Duban Sattler and Associates LLP, a boutique tax accounting and business management firm based in southern California which represents high net worth individuals. Mr. Gilbreth holds a Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration from California State University, Chico. Mr. Gilbreth and David Peterson are cousins.
Amit Kumar, Ph.D. has served on our Board since June 2007 and as Chairman since January 2011. Dr. Kumar is currently Chairman, President and CEO of Anixa Biosciences (NASDAQ:ANIX), a publicly held biotechnology company. From December 2010 to June 2015, Dr. Kumar was President and CEO of Geo Fossil Fuels, a privately held energy company. From September 2001 until June 30, 2010, Dr. Kumar was President and CEO of CombiMatrix Corporation (NASDAQ: CBMX). Previously, Dr. Kumar was Vice President of Life Sciences of Acacia Research Corp (NASDAQ: ACTG). From January 1999 to February 2000, Dr. Kumar was the founding President and Chief Executive Officer of Signature BioSciences, Inc., a life science company developing technology for advanced research in genomics, proteomics and drug discovery. From January 1998 to December 1999, Dr. Kumar was an Entrepreneur in Residence with Oak Investment Partners, a venture capital firm. From October 1996 to January 1998, Dr. Kumar was a Senior Manager at IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., a biotechnology company. From October 1993 to September 1996, Dr. Kumar was Head of Research & Development for Idetek Corporation, which was later acquired by IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. Dr. Kumar received his B.S. degree in chemistry from Occidental College. After joint studies at Stanford University and the California Institute of Technology, he received his Ph.D. in Chemistry from Caltech in 1991. He also completed a post-doctoral fellowship at Harvard University in 1993. Dr. Kumar has authored and co-authored over 40 peer-reviewed publications and holds a dozen patents. Dr. Kumar brings significant leadership experience as well as experience in photovoltaic research including work on
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energy conversion using cells made from silicon (single crystal, polycrystalline, and amorphous), gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, metal oxides and other materials. Dr. Kumar is a member of the board of directors of Actym Therapeutics, a private biotechnology company. We believe Mr. Kumar is well-qualified to serve as a director due to his experience as a director and executive of several public and private companies.
Kim J. Huntley has served on our Board since June 2010. Mr. Huntley has been a member of the board of directors of Storion Energy Inc., a private company focused on power generation and storage, since March 2017. Mr. Huntley served in the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) of the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) for more than 32 years in positions of increasing responsibility. Most recently, from July 2008 until his retirement in January 2010, Mr. Huntley served as Director of the Defense Energy Support Center (DESC) in Fort Belvoir, Virginia. The DESC operates as part of the DLA and is responsible for providing energy solutions to the DOD and federal civilian agencies. As Director of the DESC, Mr. Huntley was the principal executive officer in charge of approximately 1,100 employees worldwide and over $25 billion in annual appropriations involving energy infrastructure and products. From March 2006 and immediately prior to becoming Director of the DESC, Mr. Huntley served in leadership roles involving supply chain management, including Deputy Commander for the Defense Supply Center in Richmond, Virginia and Columbus, Ohio, and as Executive Director of Customer Support and Readiness. From December 2003 to March 2006, Mr. Huntley served as Chief of the Customer Support Office in Fort Belvoir, Virginia. Mr. Huntley chaired the Inter Agency Working Group for Alternative Fuels and Renewable Energy from January 2009 to January 2010. The Group included senior energy representatives from DOD, DOE, EPA, and other major Federal Agencies. Mr. Huntley holds a B.A. degree in Economics from Golden Gate University and attended post-graduate courses in economics at California State University, Hayward. Mr. Huntley brings extensive supply chain, budget and defense industry experience to our Board. We believe Mr. Huntley is well-qualified to serve as a director due to his extensive experience in the public sector.
David Peterson has served on our Board since December 2020. Mr. Peterson has over 25 years of business management experience, including 8 years as a private equity investor, 5 years as a manager at an engineering consulting firm, and over 20 years of board experience. From April 2015 to present, Mr. Peterson has worked for EPD Consultants, Inc., a privately held engineering firm headquartered in Carson, California, where he serves as Senior Project Manager. From 2010 to 2015, Mr. Peterson was President and Co-Founder of Great Circle Industries, Inc., a water recycling company in southern California. His past experience includes being a board member at AIR-serv, LLC, a tire inflation vending machine manufacturer, where Mr. Peterson managed the acquisition process, including obtaining expansion of the company's credit facility, as that company completed 10 acquisitions and grew from $10 million of EBITDA to $20 million of EBITDA in the year prior to its sale for $151 million to WindPoint Partners. Mr. Peterson has an MBA degree from the Marshall School of Business at the University of Southern California, and a B.A. from the University of California, Santa Cruz. Mr. Peterson is currently the Manager of Crowdex Investment, LLC, a significant equity investor in the Company. Mr. Peterson and Michael Gilbreth are cousins. We believe Mr. Peterson is well-qualified to serve as a director due to his extensive management and board experience.
Will Clarke has served on our Board since December 2020. Since 2020, Mr. Clarke has been the Founder and President of Clarke Growth and Sustainment Strategies, an advisory firm specializing in guiding startup and early stage companies’ business expansion. From 2018 to 2020, Mr. Clarke was Head of Global Supply Chain Management and Technical Procurement for Atlas Airlines Worldwide Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: AAWW), a leading global provider of outsourced aircraft and aviation operating services headquartered in Purchase, NY. From 2015 to 2017, Mr. Clarke was Director of Procurement at Best Buy Co., Inc. (NYSE: BBY), a provider of technology products, services and solutions to its customers through over 1,400 retail stores, and also through its websites and mobile applications. Best Buy is headquartered in Richfield, MN and has operations in the United States, Canada and Mexico. Prior to launching his second career in 2015, Mr. Clarke served 25 years as an Officer in the U.S. Navy, where he completed 10 deployments in support of war and peacetime operations on two aircraft carriers, one submarine, one warship and one on land. Mr. Clarke served in a number of senior finance, supply chain, procurement and logistics assignments across East Africa, Asia/Pacific, and the United States while serving in the U.S. Navy, where he attained the rank of Captain (O6). Mr. Clarke earned a B.S. in Mathematics from the U.S. Naval Academy, an M.S. in Finance and Contracts Management from the Naval Postgraduate School and has completed the Executive Development Program at Wharton Business School and the Corporate Governance Program at Columbia Business School. We believe Mr. Clarke is well-qualified to serve as a director due to his knowledge and business experience.
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Overview
Our bylaws provide that the size of our Board is to be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors, but shall consist of at least two and no more than nine members. Our Board currently consists of five members. The Board has determined that the following directors are “independent” as required by the listing standards of the Nasdaq Capital Market, the OTC Markets, and by our corporate governance guidelines: Dr. Kumar, Mr. Huntley and Mr. Clarke.
Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that the Board of Directors will be divided into three classes. Our Class 1 director is Dr. Amit Kumar. Our Class 2 directors are Kim J. Huntley and Will Clarke. Our Class 3 directors are David Peterson and Victor Lee.
Director Independence
Our Board has determined that three out of our five directors are independent directors, as defined under the applicable rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market and OTC Markets listing standards. The independent directors are Messrs. Kumar, Huntley and Clarke.
Board Leadership Structure and Role in Risk Oversight
We currently separate the roles of Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. We believe that Dr. Kumar possesses the strategic, technical and industry knowledge and expertise to serve as our Chairman. As President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Lee is responsible for day-to-day oversight of our operations and personnel. Notwithstanding the foregoing, our Board does not have a formal policy regarding separation of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer roles, and the Board may in the future decide to implement such a policy if it deems it in the best interests of us and our stockholders. The Board does not have a lead independent director.
Risk is inherent with every business, and how well a business manages risk can ultimately determine its success. We face a number of risks, including credit risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, strategic risk and reputation risk. Management is responsible for the day-to-day management of risks we face, while the Board, as a whole and through its committees, has responsibility for the oversight of risk management. In its risk oversight role, the Board of Directors has the responsibility to satisfy itself that the risk management processes designed and implemented by management are adequate and functioning as designed. To do this, the Chairman of the Board meets regularly with management to discuss strategy and the risks we face. In addition, the Audit Committee regularly monitors our enterprise risk, including financial risks, through reports from management. Senior management attends the Board meetings and is available to address any questions or concerns raised by the Board on risk management and any other matters. The Chairman of the Board and independent members of the Board work together to provide strong, independent oversight of our management and affairs through the Board’s standing committees and, when necessary, executive sessions of the independent directors.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our Board has three standing committees: an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee, and a Nominating and Governance Committee. Each committee operates pursuant to a charter. The charters of the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee, and the Nominating and Governance Committee can be found on our website www.ascentsolar.com.
Audit Committee. Our Audit Committee oversees our accounting and financial reporting processes, internal systems of accounting and financial controls, relationships with independent auditors, and audits of financial statements. Specific responsibilities include the following:
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Our Audit Committee is comprised of Mr. Huntley, Dr. Kumar and Mr. Clarke. Mr. Huntley serves as Chairman of the Audit Committee. The Board has determined that all members of the Audit Committee are independent under the rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market and OTC Markets, and that Mr. Huntley qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as defined by the rules of the SEC.
Compensation Committee. Our Compensation Committee assists our Board in determining the development plans and compensation of our officers, directors and employees. Specific responsibilities include the following:
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The Compensation Committee reviews all components of compensation including base salary, bonus, equity compensation, benefits and other perquisites. In addition to reviewing competitive market values, the Compensation Committee also examines the total compensation mix, pay-for-performance relationship and how all elements, in the aggregate, comprise the executives’ total compensation package. The CEO makes recommendations to the Compensation Committee from time to time regarding the appropriate mix and level of compensation for other officers. Those recommendations consider the objectives of our compensation philosophy and the range of compensation programs authorized by the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee may determine director compensation by reviewing peer group data. Although the Compensation Committee has the authority to retain outside third parties, it does not currently utilize any outside consultants. The Compensation Committee may delegate certain of its responsibilities, as it deems appropriate, to other committees or officers.
Our Compensation Committee is comprised of Mr. Clarke, Mr. Huntley and Dr. Kumar. Mr. Clarke serves as Chairman of the Compensation Committee.
Our Board has determined that all members of the Compensation Committee are independent under the rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market and OTC Markets.
Nominating and Governance Committee. Our Nominating and Governance Committee assists our Board by identifying and recommending individuals qualified to become members of our Board, reviewing correspondence from our stockholders, and establishing, evaluating and overseeing our corporate governance guidelines. Specific responsibilities include the following:
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Our Nominating and Governance Committee is comprised of Dr. Kumar, Mr. Huntley, and Mr. Clarke. Dr. Kumar serves as Chairman of our Nominating and Governance Committee. Our Board has determined that all members of the Nominating and Governance Committee are independent under the rules of Nasdaq Capital Market and OTC Markets.
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When considering potential director candidates for nomination or election, the following characteristics are considered in accordance with our
Nominating and Governance Committee Charter:
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In addition, in order to maintain an effective mix of skills and backgrounds among the members of our Board, the following characteristics also may be considered when filling vacancies or identifying candidates:
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The Nominating and Governance Committee will consider candidates recommended by stockholders who follow the nomination procedures in our bylaws. The Nominating and Governance Committee does not have a formal policy with respect to diversity; however, as noted above, the Board and the Nominating and Governance Committee believe that it is essential that Board members represent diverse viewpoints.
Number of Meetings
The Board held a total of twelve meetings in 2021. Our Audit Committee held ten meetings, our Compensation Committee held five meetings, and our Nominating and Governance Committee held four meetings in 2021. Each director attended at least 75% of the aggregate of the total number of meetings of the Board and the Board committees on which he served.
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Board Member Attendance at Annual Stockholder Meetings
Although we do not have a formal policy regarding director attendance at annual stockholder meetings, directors are encouraged to attend these annual meetings absent extenuating circumstances. We did not hold our annual meeting during 2019, 2020, or 2021.
Stockholder Nominations
In accordance with our bylaws, a stockholder wishing to nominate a director for election at an annual or special meeting of stockholders must timely submit a written proposal of nomination to us at our executive offices. To be timely, a written proposal of nomination for an annual meeting of stockholders must be received at least 90 calendar days but no more than 120 calendar days before the first anniversary of the date on which we held our annual meeting of stockholders in the immediately preceding year; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is advanced or delayed more than 30 calendar days from the anniversary of the annual meeting of stockholders in the immediately preceding year, the written proposal must be received: (i) at least 90 calendar days but no more than 120 calendar days prior to the date of the annual meeting; or (ii) no more than 10 days after the date we first publicly announce the date of the annual meeting. A written proposal of nomination for a special meeting of stockholders must be received no earlier than 120 calendar days prior to the date of the special meeting nor any later than the later of: (i) 90 calendar days prior to the date of the special meeting; and (ii) 10 days after the date we first publicly announce the date of the special meeting.
Each written proposal for a nominee must contain: (i) the name, age, business address and telephone number, and residence address and telephone number of the nominee; (ii) the current principal occupation or employment of each nominee, and the principal occupation or employment of each nominee for the prior ten (10) years; (iii) a complete list of companies, whether publicly traded or privately held, on which the nominee serves (or, during any of the prior ten (10) years, has served) as a member of the board of directors; (iv) the number of shares of our common stock that are owned of record and beneficially by each nominee; (v) a statement whether the nominee, if elected, intends to tender, promptly following such person’s failure to receive the required vote for election or reelection at the next meeting at which the nominee would face election or reelection, an irrevocable resignation effective upon acceptance of such resignation by the Board; (vi) a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement relating to voting agreements or commitments to which the nominee is a party; (vii) other information concerning the nominee that would be required in a proxy statement soliciting the nominee’s election; and (viii) information about, and representations from, the stockholder making the nomination.
A stockholder interested in submitting a nominee for election to the Board of Directors should refer to our bylaws for additional requirements. Upon receipt of a written proposal of nomination meeting these requirements, the Nominating and Governance Committee of the Board will evaluate the nominee in accordance with its charter and the characteristics listed above.
Director Compensation
The following Director Compensation Table summarizes the compensation of each of our non-employee directors for services rendered to us during the year ended December 31, 2021:
2021 Director Compensation Table
Name |
| Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) |
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| Stock Awards ($) |
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| All Other Comp ($) |
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| Total ($) |
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Amit Kumar |
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| 50,000 |
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| — |
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| — |
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| 50,000 |
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Kim Huntley |
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| 77,500 |
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| — |
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| — |
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| 77,500 |
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Will Clarke |
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| 40,000 |
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| — |
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| — |
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| 40,000 |
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David Peterson |
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| — |
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| — |
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| — |
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| — |
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Victor Lee |
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| — |
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| — |
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| — |
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| — |
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In addition to the fees listed above, we reimburse the directors for travel expenses submitted to us related to their attendance at meetings of the Board or its committees. The directors did not receive any other compensation or personal benefits.
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Code of Ethics
We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and other senior finance and accounting staff. The code is designed to, among other things, deter wrongdoing and to promote the honest and ethical conduct of our officers and employees. The text of our code of ethics can be found on our Internet website at www.ascentsolar.com. If we effect an amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of our code of ethics, we intend to satisfy our disclosure requirements by posting a description of such amendment or waiver on that Internet website or via a current report on Form 8-K.
Communication with the Board of Directors
Stockholders may communicate with the Board by sending correspondence to our Chairman, c/o the Corporate Secretary, at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, CO 80241. It is our practice to forward all such correspondence to our Chairman, who is responsible for determining whether to relay the correspondence to the other members of the Board.
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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Compensation of Executive Officers in 2021
The following Summary Compensation Table sets forth certain information regarding the compensation of our named executive officers for services rendered in all capacities to us during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Summary Compensation Table
Name and Principal Position |
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| Option Awards ($) |
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| All Other Comp ($) |
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Victor Lee - Chief Executive Officer (1) |
| 2021 |
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| 165,000 |
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| 200,000 |
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| — |
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| — |
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| — |
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| 365,000 |
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| 2020 |
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| 96,903 |
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| — |
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| — |
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| — |
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| 96,903 |
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Michael Gilbreth - Chief Financial Officer (2) |
| 2021 |
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| 165,000 |
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| 74,250 |
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| — |
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| — |
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| — |
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| 239,250 |
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| 2020 |
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| 37,706 |
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| 37,706 |
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Executive Employment Agreements
On April 4, 2014, we entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Lee. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Lee will receive an annual base salary of $300,000, subject to annual adjustments as determined by our board. Mr. Lee will also be eligible for an annual bonus of up to 100% of his base salary as determined at the sole discretion of our board or compensation committee. Under this agreement, if the Company terminates Mr. Lee without cause, Mr. Lee is entitled to receive twelve months of base salary from the date of termination. In addition, if Mr. Lee is terminated without Cause, an additional portion of his stock options will become vested. In addition, the employment agreement provides that Mr. Lee is eligible to participate in the Company’s standard benefit plans and programs.
On October 5, 2020, the Company appointed Michael Gilbreth to serve as the Chief Financial Officer of the Company. The Company hired Mr. Gilbreth pursuant to the terms of a letter agreement and a standard and customary confidentiality, non-competition, and no-solicitation agreement. The letter agreement provides for at-will employment with an annual base salary of $165,000, and an annual discretionary bonus of up to 60% of base salary. An annual minimum bonus of 25% of base salary is guaranteed.
The following sets forth information concerning the outstanding equity awards granted to the named executive officer at fiscal year-end 2021.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End 2021
Mr. Lee has been granted options to purchase 5 shares of common stock at prices beginning at $6,000,000 (as adjusted for the reverse split).
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
None.
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CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS
Pursuant to their ownership of shares of common stock, Crowdex, TubeSolar and BD1 together would be entitled to cast a majority of the votes on any matter to be considered by stockholders for approval at any meeting of stockholders of the Company (or by written consent of stockholders in lieu of meeting). Crowdex, TubeSolar and BD1, therefore, currently can control all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and other significant corporate transactions.
Relationship with Crowdex and TubeSolar
Crowdex and TubeSolar are both indirectly beneficially owned and controlled by Bernd Förtsch.
On September 22, 2020, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with Crowdex for the private placement of the Company’s newly designated Series 1A Preferred Stock. We sold 2,000 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to Crowdex in exchange for $2,000,000 of gross proceeds at an initial closing under this securities purchase agreement on September 22, 2020.
In November 2020, Crowdex converted 1,200 shares of outstanding Series 1A Preferred Stock into 2,400,000 shares of common stock (as adjusted for the reverse stock split).
On November 27, 2020, we issued to Crowdex a $500,000 unsecured convertible promissory note in a private placement and received $500,000 of gross proceeds from the offering. On December 31, 2020, we sold 500 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to Crowdex in exchange for the cancellation of the note issued on November 27, 2020. There were no additional cash proceeds from this closing.
Crowdex owns a $250,000 aggregate principal amount convertible promissory note of the Company. Crowdex acquired this note from the original noteholder, Penumbra Solar, Inc., in September 2020. The aggregate principal amount of this note (together with accrued interest) will mature on June 9, 2022 (as extended). The note bears interest at a rate of 6% per annum. The interest rate increases to 18% in the event of a default under the Note. The note is convertible, at the holder’s option, into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price per share equal to $0.50 per share (as adjusted for the reverse split). However, the holder of the notes will not have the right to convert any portion of the note if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to its conversion.
On January 4, 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with TubeSolar. Pursuant to this securities purchase agreement, the Company sold 2,500 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to TubeSolar and received $2,500,000 of gross proceeds on January 5, 2021. On July 19, 2021, we issued TubeSolar 120,000 shares of common stock (as adjusted for the reverse stock split) upon the conversion by TubeSolar of 60 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock. On September 3, 2021, we issued TubeSolar 80,000 shares of common stock (as adjusted for the reverse stock split) upon the conversion by TubeSolar of 40 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock.
On September 15, 2021, we entered into the JDA with TubeSolar to pursue the APV market. We also jointly established the JV. See “Description of Business.”
On February 2, 2022:
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Relationship with BD1
On December 18, 2020, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement (“BD1 Exchange Agreement”) with BD1. BD1 had previously acquired all of the Company’s existing outstanding unsecured notes (other than notes held by Global Ichiban and Crowdex) from the original note holders. Pursuant to the terms of the BD1 Exchange Agreement, BD1 agreed to surrender and exchange all of its outstanding promissory notes with principal balances of approximately $10.4 million
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(including accrued interest and default penalties). In exchange and without the payment of any additional consideration, the Company issued to BD1 two unsecured convertible promissory notes with principal amounts of $10,340,000 (the “First Exchange Note”) and $160,000 (the “Second Exchange Note”). On August 16, 2021, BD1 sold and assigned a portion of the First Exchange Note equal to $600,000 in principal amount to Nanyang on behalf of a client account for a purchase price of $600,000, and on January 21, 2022, further sold and assigned a portion of the First Exchange Note equal to $1,000,000 in principal amount to Nanyang on behalf of a client account for a purchase price of $1,000,000. On January 3, 2022, BD1 sold and assigned a portion of the First Exchange Note equal to $1,000,000 in principal amount to Fleur Capital Pte Ltd on behalf of a client account for a purchase price of $1,000,000. The Company has issued to BD1 an unsecured convertible promissory note with principal amount of $7,740,000 replacing the First Exchange Note (the “Replacement Note” and, together with the Second Exchange Note, the “BD1 Exchange Notes”).
On August 2, 2021, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with BD1 for the private placement of an aggregate of 133,334 shares of our common stock (as adjusted for the reverse stock split) at a fixed price of $75 (as adjusted for the reverse stock split) per share in two tranches of 66,667 shares (as adjusted for the reverse stock split) in exchange for $5,000,000 of gross proceeds each. On September 2, 2021, we closed on the first tranche and, on November 5, 2021, we closed on the second tranche, receiving aggregate gross proceeds of $10,000,000.
On February 2, 2022, BD1 converted its $7,900,000 aggregate outstanding principal amount of BD1 Exchange Notes into 15,800,000 shares of common stock (as adjusted for the reverse stock split).
Johannes Kuhn and Ute Kuhn are the indirect beneficial owner of BD1.
Relationship with Global Ichiban
On September 9, 2020, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement (“GI Exchange Agreement”) with Global Ichiban Limited, a British Virgin Islands corporation (“GI”).
Pursuant to the terms of the GI Exchange Agreement, GI agreed to surrender and exchange all of its existing outstanding promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $6,374,666 (including accrued interest). In exchange, the Company issued to GI a secured convertible promissory note with a principal amount of $6,400,000 (“GI Exchange Note”).
On March 9, 2021, the Company entered into a settlement agreement (“Settlement”) with GI. Pursuant to the Settlement, the Company issued 33,600 shares of common stock (as adjusted for the reverse stock split) to GI in exchange for the cancellation of the GI Exchange Note, which had an outstanding principal balance of $5,800,000. The GI Exchange Note, which was originally scheduled to mature on September 30, 2022, had a variable-rate conversion feature that entitled GI to convert into shares of Common Stock of the Company at 80% of the 5-day average closing bid-price prior to any conversion.
Policies and Procedures with Respect to Transactions with Related Persons
The Board recognizes that related person transactions can present a heightened risk of potential or actual conflicts of interest. Accordingly, our Audit Committee charter requires that all such transactions will be reviewed and subject to approval by members of our Audit Committee, which will have access, at our expense, to our or independent legal counsel. Future transactions with our officers, directors or greater than five percent stockholders will be on terms no less favorable to us than could be obtained from independent third parties.
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DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES ACT LIABILITIES
Our bylaws require us to indemnify any of our officers or directors, and certain other persons, under certain circumstances against all expenses and liabilities incurred or suffered by such persons because of a lawsuit or similar proceeding to which the person is made a party by reason of a his being a director or officer of the Company, unless that indemnification is prohibited by law. We may also purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of any officer which may cover claims for which we could not indemnify a director or officer. We have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, indemnification of our officers, directors and controlling persons under these provisions, or otherwise, is against public policy and is unenforceable.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act, may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and is therefore unenforceable.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONALMORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Such filings are available to the public over the internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 which includes exhibits, schedules and amendments, under the Securities Act with respect to this offeringthe shares of our securities. Althoughcommon stock being offered by this prospectus. This prospectus, which forms aconstitutes part of that registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits and schedules that are part of the registration statement, contains all material informationstatement. Some items included in the registration statement parts ofare omitted from the registration statement have been omitted as permitted byprospectus in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information with respect to us and the common stock offered in this prospectus, we refer you to the registration statement and the accompanying exhibits and schedules filed therewith. Statements contained in this prospectus regarding the contents of any contract or any other document that is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement are not necessarily complete, and each such statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the full text of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement.
The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address is www.sec.gov.
We also maintain a website at www.ascentsolar.com. The reference to our website address does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained on our website, and you should not consider information on our website to be part of this prospectus.
You may reviewalso request a copy of the registration statementthese filings, at no cost to you, by writing or telephoning us at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 Ffollowing address:
Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.
Attn: Investor Relations
12300 Grant Street N.E. Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the public reference room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s public reference room. Our filings and the registration statement can also be reviewed by accessing the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
Thornton, CO 80241
Telephone: (720) 872-5000
| 53 |
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Audited Financial Statements
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ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements
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F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and
Stockholders of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. (the(the Company) as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, and the related statements of operations and comprehensive income, stockholders’ deficit,equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2020,2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2020,2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Consideration ofSubstantial Doubt about the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As more fully describeddiscussed in Note 43 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has recurring losses, negativehad limited production which has led to the Company having a working capital deficit resulting in the Company being dependent on outside financing to fund its operations. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to raise additional capital and negative cash flows fromon hand is not sufficient to sustain operations. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’sits ability to continue as a going concern. Management’sManagement's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.3. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. If the Company is unable to obtain financing or increase sales, there could be a material adverse effect on the Company.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
| F-2 |
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
F-2
Complex Financing Transactions
Description of the Matter:
The Company’s financing transactions include common stock and Derivative Liabilitieswarrant issuances that require proper accounting for proceeds and transaction costs which include fair value estimates. Additionally, adjustments to note and warrant terms resulted in deemed dividends for the down round provision, which is based on a fair value estimate. The financing transactions are discussed in Note 10 and Note 14 to the financial statements.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit:
Our audit procedures related to the following:
| • | Inspected and reviewed debt agreements, warrant agreements, conversion notices, and settlement agreements to evaluate the Company’s accounting classification for these transactions, including assessing and evaluating management’s application of relevant accounting standards to such transactions. |
| • | We evaluated the reasonableness and appropriateness of the choice of valuation model used for each specific transaction. |
| • | We tested the reasonableness of the assumptions used by the Company in the Black Scholes models, including exercise price, term, expected volatility, and risk-free interest rate. |
| • | We tested the accuracy and completeness of data used by the Company in developing the assumptions used in the valuation models. |
| • | We evaluated the accuracy and completeness of the Company’s presentation of these instruments in the financial statements and related disclosures in Note 10, and 14, including evaluating whether such disclosures were in accordance with relevant accounting standards. |
Impairment of Assets Acquired
Description of the Matter:
As discussed in Notes 10, 11, 12 2,and 135 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company acquired manufacturing assets and inventory located in Switzerland, during the year-ended December 31, 2023, in an effort to expand operations. At year-end, operations had deteriorated to a point where management determined it necessary to perform an evaluation of these assets for impairment, concluding that certain assets were impaired. The Company recognized a $3.3 million impairment charge, which is the amount by which the carrying value exceeded the estimated fair value of these assets. The Company entered into agreementsa letter agreement with a former affiliate of the Company that, among other things, granted the Company the option to restructure debt through assignmentsresell the acquired assets to the former affiliate for $5 million. The Company exercised its option to resell the assets but has not received payment on this option and, exchanges. The Company’s financing transactions include convertible notes which are convertible into a variable number of shares Based on being convertible into a variable number of shares the conversion featuredue to deteriorating conditions with this affiliate, payment is bifurcated from the debt host and accounted for as a derivative liability. Accounting for troubled debt restructuring and derivative liabilities is complex and involves significant judgement and estimations.uncertain.
| F-3 |
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit:
We reviewed the underlying assignment and exchange agreements, evaluated management’s troubled debt restructuring analysis, and confirmed outstanding balances with lenders. We also reviewedAuditing the Company’s debt agreements to determine if there were unidentified derivatives. To assureimpairment measurement involved a high degree of judgment as estimates underlying the proper accounting for the derivative liabilities we reviewed the underlying convertible note agreements, evaluated management’s selectiondetermination of a valuation method, tested the inputs used in the Monte Carlo simulations by agreeing termsfair value of the debt agreementslong-lived assets were based on assumptions affected by current market and economic conditions. To determine the fair value of the long-lived asset group, the Company utilized a cost and market informationapproach, measuring fair value on the standalone basis value premise. Management used these data inputs to third-party sites, and evaluatedperform an undiscounted cash flow analysis.
Our audit procedures related to the credentials of management’s specialist.following:
| • | Testing managements process for developing the fair value estimate. |
| • | Evaluating the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow model used by management. |
| • | Testing the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the fair value estimate. |
/s/ Haynie & Company
Haynie & Company
Salt Lake City, Utah
May 13, 2021February 21, 2024
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2017.
F-3
| F-4 |
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
|
| December 31, |
|
| December 31, |
| December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2019 |
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Current Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
| $ | 167,725 |
|
| $ | — |
| $ | 1,048,733 | $ | 11,483,018 | ||||
Trade receivables, net of allowance of $45,883 and $46,023, respectively |
|
| 5,539 |
|
|
| — |
| ||||||||
| Trade receivables, net of allowance of $0 and $26,000, respectively | — | 1,769 | ||||||||||||||
Inventories |
|
| 534,431 |
|
|
| 533,892 |
| 447,496 | 615,283 | ||||||
Prepaid and other current assets |
|
| 71,575 |
|
|
| 51,598 |
| 39,279 | 344,110 | ||||||
Total current assets |
|
| 779,270 |
|
|
| 585,490 |
| 1,535,508 | 12,444,180 | ||||||
Property, Plant and Equipment: |
|
| 24,867,176 |
|
|
| 32,911,969 |
| 21,177,892 | 22,590,169 | ||||||
Accumulated depreciation |
|
| (24,848,408 | ) |
|
| (28,677,350 | ) | (20,131,008 | ) | (22,038,508 | ) | ||||
|
|
| 18,768 |
|
|
| 4,234,619 |
| ||||||||
| Net property, plant and equipment | 1,046,884 | 551,661 | ||||||||||||||
Other Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net |
|
| 5,633,663 |
|
|
| — |
| 2,364,672 | 4,324,514 | ||||||
Patents, net of accumulated amortization of $467,102 and $421,181, respectively |
|
| 439,836 |
|
|
| 813,397 |
| ||||||||
| Patents, net of accumulated amortization of $173,387 and $154,218, respectively | 53,978 | 79,983 | ||||||||||||||
| Equity method investment | 68,867 | 61,379 | ||||||||||||||
Other non-current assets |
|
| 500,000 |
|
|
| — |
| 1,228,797 | 1,214,985 | ||||||
|
|
| 6,573,499 |
|
|
| 813,397 |
| ||||||||
| Total other assets | 3,716,314 | 5,680,861 | ||||||||||||||
Total Assets |
|
| 7,371,537 |
|
|
| 5,633,506 |
| 6,298,706 | 18,676,702 | ||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) | ||||||||||||||||
Current Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Accounts payable |
| $ | 736,986 |
|
| $ | 1,663,316 |
| $ | 579,237 | $ | 595,157 | ||||
Related party payables |
|
| 135,834 |
|
|
| 460,173 |
| 4,231 | 67,164 | ||||||
Accrued expenses |
|
| 1,518,212 |
|
|
| 1,624,564 |
| 1,354,159 | 888,869 | ||||||
| Accrued payroll | 160,477 | 490,185 | ||||||||||||||
| Severance payable | — | 437,079 | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued professional services fees | 849,282 | 952,573 | ||||||||||||||
Accrued interest |
|
| 438,063 |
|
|
| 2,107,401 |
| 628,145 | 559,060 | ||||||
Notes payable |
|
| 250,000 |
|
|
| 1,506,530 |
| ||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
|
| — |
|
|
| 6,075,307 |
| ||||||||
Current portion of operating lease liability |
|
| 575,404 |
|
|
| — |
| 491,440 | 733,572 | ||||||
Secured promissory notes, net |
|
| — |
|
|
| 6,335,655 |
| ||||||||
Promissory notes, net |
|
| 193,200 |
|
|
| 1,092,771 |
| ||||||||
Convertible notes, net |
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,129,016 |
| ||||||||
Embedded derivative liability |
|
| 5,303,984 |
|
|
| 7,717,150 |
| ||||||||
| Conversions payable (Note 10) | 1,089,160 | — | ||||||||||||||
| Current portion of convertible notes, net | 354,936 | — | ||||||||||||||
| Other payable | 250,000 | 250,000 | ||||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
|
| 9,151,683 |
|
|
| 30,711,883 |
| 5,761,067 | 4,973,659 | ||||||
Long-Term Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Non-current operating lease liabilities |
|
| 5,179,229 |
|
|
| — |
| 2,043,025 | 3,827,878 | ||||||
Non-current secured promissory notes, net |
|
| 5,405,637 |
|
|
| — |
| ||||||||
Non-current convertible notes, net |
|
| 7,813,048 |
|
|
| — |
| — | 5,268,399 | ||||||
Accrued warranty liability |
|
| 14,143 |
|
|
| 28,404 |
| 21,225 | 21,225 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
|
| 27,563,740 |
|
|
| 30,740,287 |
| 7,825,317 | 14,091,161 | ||||||
Stockholders’ Deficit: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Series A preferred stock, $.0001 par value; 750,000 shares authorized; 48,100 and 48,100 shares issued and outstanding, respectively ($752,765 and $703,863 Liquidation Preference, respectively) |
|
| 5 |
|
|
| 5 |
| ||||||||
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 20,000,000,000 authorized; 18,102,583,473 and 4,759,161,650 shares issued and outstanding, respectively |
|
| 1,810,258 |
|
|
| 475,917 |
| ||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 17) | ||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit): | ||||||||||||||||
| Series A preferred stock, $ par value; shares authorized; and shares issued and outstanding, respectively ($899,069 and $850,301 Liquidation Preference, respectively) | 5 | 5 | ||||||||||||||
| Common stock, $par value, authorized; and shares issued and outstanding, respectively | 358 | 26 | ||||||||||||||
Additional paid in capital |
|
| 399,780,319 |
|
|
| 397,817,526 |
| 480,942,526 | 452,139,027 | ||||||
Accumulated Deficit |
|
| (421,782,785 | ) |
|
| (423,400,229 | ) | ||||||||
Total stockholders’ deficit |
|
| (20,192,203 | ) |
|
| (25,106,781 | ) | ||||||||
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit |
| $ | 7,371,537 |
|
| $ | 5,633,506 |
| ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (482,478,436 | ) | (447,537,493 | ) | ||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | 8,936 | (16,024 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity (deficit) | (1,526,611 | ) | 4,585,541 | |||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) | $ | 6,298,706 | $ | 18,676,702 | ||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
| F-5 |
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
| For the Years Ended |
| For the Years Ended | ||||||||||||
| December 31, |
| December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2020 |
|
| 2019 |
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Products | $ | 66,613 |
|
| $ | 638,380 |
| $ | 397,886 | $ | 694,286 | ||||
| Milestone and engineering | 60,374 | 528,500 | |||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
| 66,613 |
|
|
| 638,380 |
| 458,260 | 1,222,786 | ||||||
Costs and Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Costs of revenue |
| 174,588 |
|
|
| 490,755 |
| 1,892,341 | 2,011,459 | ||||||
Research, development and manufacturing operations |
| 1,165,193 |
|
|
| 1,310,948 |
| 3,222,283 | 5,975,921 | ||||||
Selling, general and administrative |
| 1,029,720 |
|
|
| 1,846,944 |
| 5,364,523 | 4,736,562 | ||||||
| Share-based compensation | 2,243,445 | 5,478,734 | |||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| 151,658 |
|
|
| 242,781 |
| 95,238 | 75,645 | ||||||
| Impairment loss | 3,283,715 | — | |||||||||||||
Total Costs and Expenses |
| 2,521,159 |
|
|
| 3,891,428 |
| 16,101,545 | 18,278,321 | ||||||
Loss from Operations |
| (2,454,546 | ) |
|
| (3,253,048 | ) | (15,643,285 | ) | (17,055,535 | ) | ||||
Other Income/(Expense) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||
Other income/(expense), net |
| 3,002,170 |
|
|
| 842,500 |
| 747,739 | 33,100 | ||||||
Interest expense |
| (3,507,533 | ) |
|
| (8,850,002 | ) | (2,174,118 | ) | (2,704,909 | ) | ||||
Change in fair value of derivatives and loss on extinguishment of liabilities, net |
| 4,577,353 |
|
|
| 6,392,289 |
| ||||||||
Total Other Income/(Expense) |
| 4,071,990 |
|
|
| (1,615,213 | ) | (1,426,379 | ) | (2,671,809 | ) | ||||
| Income/(Loss) on Equity Method Investment | (232 | ) | (27,361 | ) | |||||||||||
Net Income/(Loss) | $ | 1,617,444 |
|
| $ | (4,868,261 | ) | $ | (17,069,896 | ) | $ | (19,754,705 | ) | ||
Net Income/(Loss) Per Share (Basic) | $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
| ||||||||
Net Income/(Loss) Per Share (Diluted) | $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
| ||||||||
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Basic) |
| 6,855,179,243 |
|
|
| 1,537,643,750 |
| ||||||||
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Diluted) |
| 18,409,048,919 |
|
|
| 1,537,643,750 |
| ||||||||
| Less: Down round deemed dividend | (17,980,678 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
| Net Income Available to Common Shareholders | $ | (35,050,574 | ) | $ | (17,069,896 | ) | |||||||||
| Net Income/(Loss) Per Share (Basic and Diluted) | $ | ) | $ | ) | |||||||||||
| Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Basic and Diluted) | |||||||||||||||
| Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) | |||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain/(loss) | 24,960 | (16,024 | ) | ||||||||||||
| Net Comprehensive Income/(Loss) | $ | (17,044,936 | ) | $ | (19,770,729 | ) | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
| F-6 |
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICITEQUITY (DEFICIT)
For the year ended December 31, 2023
|
| Series A Preferred Stock |
|
| Series A1 Preferred Stock |
|
| Common Stock |
|
| Additional Paid-In |
|
| Accumulated |
|
| Total Stockholders’ |
| ||||||||||||||||||
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Capital |
|
| Deficit |
|
| Equity (Deficit) |
| |||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2018 |
|
| 60,756 |
|
| $ | 6 |
|
|
| — |
|
| $ | — |
|
|
| 63,537,885 |
|
| $ | 6,354 |
|
| $ | 395,889,712 |
|
| $ | (418,531,968 | ) |
| $ | (22,635,896 | ) |
Interest Expense paid with Common Stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 187,649,473 |
|
|
| 18,766 |
|
|
| 98,488 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 117,254 |
|
Stock issued for fees |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 399,336,751 |
|
|
| 39,934 |
|
|
| 39,931 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 79,865 |
|
Stock based compensation |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 20,750 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 20,750 |
|
Loss on Extinguishment of Liabilities |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 878,788 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 878,788 |
|
Conversion of BayBridge Note into Common Shares |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 959,692,046 |
|
|
| 95,969 |
|
|
| 185,931 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 281,900 |
|
Conversion of Bellridge Note into Common Shares |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 983,601,030 |
|
|
| 98,360 |
|
|
| 144,640 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 243,000 |
|
Conversion of Global Ichiban Note into Common Shares |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 9,595,327 |
|
|
| 960 |
|
|
| 114,040 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 115,000 |
|
Conversion of GS Capital Note into Common Shares |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 441,155,770 |
|
|
| 44,116 |
|
|
| 39,953 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 84,069 |
|
Conversion of Power Up Note into Common Shares |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 572,231,537 |
|
|
| 57,223 |
|
|
| 210,457 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 267,680 |
|
Conversion of St.George Note into Common Shares |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,142,361,830 |
|
|
| 114,236 |
|
|
| 194,834 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 309,070 |
|
Conversion of Series A Preferred Stock into Common Stock |
|
| (12,656 | ) |
|
| (1 | ) |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Net Loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (4,868,261 | ) |
|
| (4,868,261 | ) |
Balance at December 31, 2019 |
|
| 48,100 |
|
|
| 5 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 4,759,161,650 |
|
|
| 475,918 |
|
|
| 397,817,525 |
|
|
| (423,400,229 | ) |
|
| (25,106,781 | ) |
Interest Expense paid with Common Stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 21,328,800 |
|
|
| 2,132.00 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,132 |
|
Proceeds from issuance of Series 1A Preferred Stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,300 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,300,000 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,300,000 |
|
Stock issued for fees |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
Loss on Extinguishment of Liabilities |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 150,000 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 150,000 |
|
Conversion of Bellridge Note into Common Shares |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 450,000,000 |
|
|
| 45,000.00 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 45,000 |
|
Conversion of Global Ichiban Note into Common Shares |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 872,093,023 |
|
|
| 87,208.00 |
|
|
| 512,794 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 600,002 |
|
Conversion of Series A1 Preferred Stock into Common Stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 12,000,000,000 |
|
|
| 1,200,000.00 |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
|
| 1,200,000 |
|
Net Income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1,617,444 |
|
|
| 1,617,444 |
|
Balance at December 31, 2020 |
|
| 48,100 |
|
| $ | 5 |
|
|
| 1,300 |
|
| $ | — |
|
|
| 18,102,583,473 |
|
| $ | 1,810,258 |
|
| $ | 399,780,319 |
|
| $ | (421,782,785 | ) |
|
| (20,192,203 | ) |
| Series A Preferred Stock | Series 1B Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Other Accumulated Comprehensive | Total Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Loss | (Deficit) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2022 | 48,100 | $ | 5 | — | $ | — | 259,323 | $ | 26 | $ | 452,139,027 | $ | (447,537,493 | ) | $ | (16,024 | ) | $ | 4,585,541 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of adopting ASU 2020-06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | (3,795,874 | ) | 109,631 | — | (3,686,243 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2022 | 48,100 | $ | 5 | — | $ | — | 259,323 | $ | 26 | $ | 448,343,153 | $ | (447,427,862 | ) | $ | (16,024 | ) | $ | 899,298 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of L1 Note and Conversions Payable into Common Stock | — | — | — | — | 328,502 | 33 | 806,769 | — | — | 806,802 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Sabby Note into Common Stock | — | — | — | — | 137,072 | 13 | 2,275,585 | — | — | 2,275,598 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2,243,445 | — | — | 2,243,445 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued for services | — | — | — | — | 1,425 | — | 92,750 | — | — | 92,750 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of Series 1B Preferred Stock | — | — | 900 | — | — | — | 900,000 | — | — | 900,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Series 1B Preferred Stock issuance cost | — | — | — | — | — | — | (20,000 | ) | — | — | (20,000 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Down round deemed dividend | — | — | — | — | — | — | 17,980,678 | (17,980,678 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from public offering: | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock (10/2 @ $) | — | — | — | — | 389,024 | 39 | 616,475 | — | — | 616,514 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prefunded warrants (10/2 @ $) | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5,044,977 | — | — | 5,044,977 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrants (10/2 @ $) | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4,627,737 | 4,627,737 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public offering costs | — | — | — | — | — | — | (1,068,796 | ) | — | — | (1,068,796 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repayment of Series 1B Preferred Stock | — | — | (900 | ) | — | — | — | (900,000 | ) | — | — | (900,000 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of prefunded warrants | — | — | — | — | 2,468,500 | 247 | (247 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (17,069,896 | ) | — | (17,069,896 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Currency Translation Loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 24,960 | 24,960 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | 48,100 | $ | 5 | — | $ | — | 3,583,846 | $ | 358 | $ | 480,942,526 | $ | (482,478,436 | ) | $ | 8,936 | $ | (1,526,611 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
| F-7 |
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWSSTOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
For the year ended December 31, 2022
|
| For the Years Ended |
| |||||
|
| December 31, |
| |||||
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2019 |
| ||
Operating Activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income/(loss) |
| $ | 1,617,444 |
|
| $ | (4,868,261 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
| 151,658 |
|
|
| 242,780 |
|
Operating lease asset amortization |
|
| 185,827 |
|
|
| — |
|
Stock based compensation |
|
| — |
|
|
| 20,750 |
|
Realized (gain) on sale and foreclosure of assets |
|
| (2,987,170 | ) |
|
| (842,500 | ) |
Amortization of deferred financing costs |
|
| 4,525 |
|
|
| 24,639 |
|
Non-cash interest expense |
|
| 820,035 |
|
|
| 2,579,674 |
|
Amortization of debt discount |
|
| 1,381,685 |
|
|
| 4,735,907 |
|
Bad debt expense |
|
| (141 | ) |
|
| 359 |
|
Warranty reserve |
|
| (14,261 | ) |
|
| (710 | ) |
Change in fair value of derivatives and (gain) on extinguishment of liabilities, net |
|
| (4,577,353 | ) |
|
| (6,392,289 | ) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
| (5,398 | ) |
|
| 164,801 |
|
Inventories |
|
| (539 | ) |
|
| 126,899 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
| (524,502 | ) |
|
| 114,493 |
|
Accounts payable |
|
| (321,576 | ) |
|
| (288,945 | ) |
Related party payable |
|
| (174,339 | ) |
|
| 189,433 |
|
Operating lease liabilities |
|
| (64,856 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Accrued interest |
|
| 1,229,359 |
|
|
| 1,415,423 |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
| 398,464 |
|
|
| 62,129 |
|
Net cash (used in) operating activities |
|
| (2,881,138 | ) |
|
| (2,715,418 | ) |
Investing Activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of property, plant and equipment |
|
| — |
|
|
| (6,393 | ) |
Proceeds on sale of assets |
|
| 254,600 |
|
|
| 842,500 |
|
Patent activity costs |
|
| (156 | ) |
|
| (8,616 | ) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
|
| 254,444 |
|
|
| 827,491 |
|
Financing Activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from debt issuance |
|
| 443,200 |
|
|
| 1,887,268 |
|
Repayment of debt |
|
| (145,000 | ) |
|
| (10,000 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of stock |
|
| 2,500,000 |
|
|
| — |
|
Payment of debt financing costs |
|
| — |
|
|
| (7,500 | ) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
|
| 2,798,200 |
|
|
| 1,869,768 |
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
|
| 171,506 |
|
|
| (18,159 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
|
| — |
|
|
| 18,159 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
| $ | 171,506 |
|
| $ | — |
|
Supplemental Cash Flow Information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid for interest |
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 2,698 |
|
Non-Cash Transactions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-cash conversions of preferred stock and convertible notes to equity |
| $ | 647,132 |
|
| $ | 1,417,976 |
|
Non-cash financing costs |
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 10,800 |
|
Operating lease assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities |
| $ | (5,819,489 | ) |
| $ | — |
|
Non-cash mortgage derecognition |
| $ | (6,443,897 | ) |
| $ | — |
|
Non-cash property foreclosure |
| $ | 6,443,897 |
|
| $ | — |
|
Interest converted to principal |
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 171,152 |
|
Common shares issued for fees |
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 49,622 |
|
Initial embedded derivative liabilities |
| $ | (447,903 | ) |
| $ | 4,507,381 |
|
Promissory notes exchanged for convertible notes |
| $ | 650,000 |
|
| $ | 850,000 |
|
| Series A Preferred Stock | Series 1A Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated | Other Accumulated Comprehensive | Total Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Loss | (Deficit) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at January 1, 2022 | 48,100 | $ | 5 | 3,700 | $ | — | 113,256 | $ | 12 | $ | 424,949,165 | $ | (427,782,788 | ) | $ | — | $ | (2,833,606 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of TubeSolar Series 1A Preferred Stock into Common Stock | — | — | (2,400 | ) | — | 24,000 | 2 | (2 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Crowdex Series 1A Preferred Stock into Common Stock | — | — | (1,300 | ) | — | 13,000 | 1 | (1 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Global Ichiban Note into Common Shares | — | — | — | — | 79,000 | 8 | 7,899,992 | — | — | 7,900,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Nanyang Note into Common Stock | — | — | — | — | 15,000 | 2 | 1,499,998 | — | — | 1,500,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Fleur Note into Common Stock | — | — | — | — | 10,000 | 1 | 999,999 | — | — | 1,000,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Sabby Note into Common Stock | — | — | — | — | 350 | — | 107,101 | — | — | 107,101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private placement warrants | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2,990,029 | — | — | 2,990,029 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beneficial conversion feature | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4,490,029 | — | — | 4,490,029 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from private placement: | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock (8/19 @ $) | — | — | — | — | 4,717 | — | 2,551,405 | — | — | 2,551,405 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrants (8/19 @ $) | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2,448,595 | 2,448,595 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private placement costs | — | — | — | — | — | — | (1,276,017 | ) | — | — | (1,276,017 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | 5,478,734 | 5,478,734 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (19,754,705 | ) | — | (19,754,705 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Currency Translation Gain/(Loss) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (16,024 | ) | (16,024 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2022 | 48,100 | $ | 5 | — | $ | — | 259,323 | $ | 26 | $ | 452,139,027 | $ | (447,537,493 | ) | $ | (16,024 | ) | $ | 4,585,541 | |||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-7
| F-8 |
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| For the Years Ended | ||||||||
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Operating Activities: | ||||||||
| Net income/(loss) | $ | (17,069,896 | ) | $ | (19,754,705 | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 95,238 | 75,645 | ||||||
| Share-based compensation | 2,243,445 | 5,478,734 | ||||||
| Services paid in common stock | 92,750 | — | ||||||
| Gain on lease modification | (84,678 | ) | — | |||||
| Loss on disposal of assets | 77,210 | — | ||||||
| Operating lease asset amortization | 667,526 | 694,229 | ||||||
| Loss on equity method investment | 232 | 27,361 | ||||||
| Patent write off | 26,419 | — | ||||||
| Impairment loss | 3,283,715 | — | ||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | 1,809,566 | 2,609,389 | ||||||
| Inventory write off and reserve expense | 114,301 | — | ||||||
| Other | — | 4,497 | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | 1,769 | 47,481 | ||||||
| Inventories | (124,760 | ) | (23,111 | ) | ||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 192,273 | (686,359 | ) | |||||
| Accounts payable | (15,920 | ) | (47,008 | ) | ||||
| Related party payable | (62,933 | ) | 22,164 | |||||
| Operating lease liabilities | (649,991 | ) | (656,334 | ) | ||||
| Accrued interest | 69,085 | 83,389 | ||||||
| Accrued expenses | (202,230 | ) | 1,618,053 | |||||
| Net cash (used in) operating activities | (9,536,879 | ) | (10,506,575 | ) | ||||
| Investing Activities: | ||||||||
| Purchase of property, plant and equipment | (3,857,783 | ) | (169,357 | ) | ||||
| Contributions to equity method investment | — | (83,559 | ) | |||||
| Patent activity costs | (19,583 | ) | (12,556 | ) | ||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (3,877,366 | ) | (265,472 | ) | ||||
| Financing Activities: | ||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of convertible debt and warrants | — | 13,500,000 | ||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of stock and warrants | 10,289,228 | 5,000,000 | ||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of Series 1B Preferred Stock | 900,000 | — | ||||||
| Payment of convertible debt and conversions payable | (6,237,712 | ) | — | |||||
| Payment of Series 1B Preferred Stock | (900,000 | ) | — | |||||
| Financing issuance costs | (1,088,796 | ) | (2,206,695 | ) | ||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 2,962,720 | 16,293,305 | ||||||
| Effect of foreign exchange rate on cash | 17,240 | — | ||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | (10,434,285 | ) | 5,521,258 | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 11,483,018 | 5,961,760 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 1,048,733 | $ | 11,483,018 | ||||
| Supplemental Cash Flow Information: | ||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | 293,842 | $ | — | ||||
| Non-Cash Transactions: | ||||||||
| Conversions of preferred stock, convertible notes, and conversions payable to equity | $ | 3,082,400 | $ | 10,507,101 | ||||
| Series 1A preferred stock conversion | $ | — | $ | 740 | ||||
| Operating lease assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities | $ | — | $ | 53,193 | ||||
| Purchase and return of equipment purchased on credit | $ | (202,558 | ) | $ | 159,119 | |||
| Conversion of bridge loan into common stock and warrants | $ | — | $ | 1,000,000 | ||||
| Conversion of prefunded warrants | $ | 247 | $ | — | ||||
| Down round deemed dividend | $ | 17,980,678 | $ | — | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
| F-9 |
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1. ORGANIZATION
Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. (“Ascent” or the "Company") was incorporated on October 18, 2005 from the separation by ITN Energy Systems, Inc. (“ITN”) of its Advanced Photovoltaic Division and all of that division’s key personnel, core technologies, and core technologies.certain trade secrets and royalty free licenses to use in connection with the manufacturing, developing marketing, and commercializing Copper-Indium-Gallium-diSelenide (“CIGS”) photovoltaic (“PV”) products. ITN, a private company incorporated in 1994, is an incubator dedicated to the development of thin film, photovoltaic (“PV”),PV, battery, fuel cell and nano technologies. Through its work on research and development contracts for private and governmental entities, ITN developed proprietary processing and manufacturing know how applicable to PV products generally, and to Copper-Indium-Gallium-diSelenide (“CIGS”)CIGS PV products in particular. ITN formed Ascent to commercialize its investment in CIGS PV technologies. In January 2006, in exchange for 102,800 shares of common stock of Ascent, ITN assigned to Ascent certain CIGS PV technologies and trade secrets and granted to Ascent a perpetual, exclusive, royalty free worldwide license to use, in connection with the manufacture, development, marketing and commercialization of CIGS PV to produce solar power, certain of ITN’s existing and future proprietary and control technologies that, although non-specific to CIGS PV, Ascent believes will be useful in its production of PV modules for its target markets. Upon receipt of the necessary government approvals and pursuant to novation in early 2007, ITN assigned government funded research and development contracts to Ascent and also transferred the key personnel working on the contracts to Ascent.
Currently, theThe Company focus is focusing on integrating its PV products into scalable and high value markets such as agrivoltaics, aerospace, satellites, near earth orbiting vehicles, and fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)(“UAV”). The value proposition of Ascent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in these industries, but also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in these unique markets. Ascent has the capability to design and develop finished products for end users in these areas as well as collaborate with strategic partners to design and develop custom integrated solutions for products like fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap of the needs of end users across some of these industries and can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commercializing products for these customers.
On March 13, 2023, the Company redeployed its Thornton manufacturing facility as a Perovskite Center of Excellence and dedicated the facility to the industrial commercialization of the Company's patent-pending Perovskite solar technologies. On April 18, 2023, the Company completed its acquisition of the manufacturing assets of Flisom AG ("Flisom"), a Zurich based thin-film solar manufacturer and on June 16, 2023, exercised a put option to sell the assets (see Note 5). The Company has restarted production at its Thornton facility.
On September 11, 2023, the Company effected a reverse stock split of the Company’s common stock at a ratio of one-for-two hundred 0.005 (the “Reverse Stock Split”). The Company’s common stock began trading on a split-adjusted basis on September 12, 2023. Stockholders also received one whole share of common stock in lieu of a fractional share and no fractional shares were issued. All shares and per share amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the Reverse Stock Split.
Although the Company is focused on various markets for its product, the Chief Executive Officer makes significant operating decisions and assesses the performance of the Company as a single business segment. Accordingly, the Company has one reportable segment.
NOTE 2. BASISSUMMARY OF PRESENTATIONSIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been derived from the accounting recordsUse of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc., Ascent Solar (Asia) Pte. Ltd., and Ascent Solar (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (collectively, “the Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , and the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. Ascent Solar (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. is wholly owned by Ascent Solar (Asia) Pte. Ltd., which is wholly owned by Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S.US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
NOTE 3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Cash Equivalents:Equivalents: The Company classifies all short-term investments in interest bearing bank accounts and highly liquid debt securities purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash balances which may exceed federally insured limits. The Company does not believe this results in significant credit risk.
Foreign Currencies: Bank account balances held in foreign currencies are translated to U.S. dollars utilizing the period end exchange rate. Gains or losses incurred in connection with the Company’s accounts held in foreign currency were not material for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 and were recorded in “Other Income/(Expense)” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.Inventories
Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:
F-8
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount as the result of transactions with customers. The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The Company estimates the collectability of accounts receivable using analysis of historical bad debts, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends. Reserves are established on an account-by-account basis. Account balances are written off against the allowance in the period in which the Company determines that is it probable that the receivable will not be recovered. As of December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019, the Company had an allowance for doubtful accounts of $45,883 and $46,023 respectively.
Inventories:: All inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined using the weighted average method. Inventory balances are frequently evaluated to ensure they do not exceed net realizable value. The computation for net realizable value takes into account many factors, including expected demand, product life cycle and development plans, module efficiency, quality issues, obsolescence and others. Management's judgment is required to determine reserves for obsolete or excess inventory. As of December 31, 2020,2023, and 2019,2022, the Company had inventory reserve balances of $598,392$105,915 and $584,269$338,348, respectively. In response to management's estimate of current market conditions, the Company has reserved all of its finished goods inventory as of December 31, 2020. If actual demand and market conditions are less favorable than those estimated by management, additional inventory write downs may be required.
Property, Plant and Equipment:Equipment: Property, plant and equipment are recorded at the original cost to the Company.
Assets are being depreciated over estimated useful lives of three 3to forty10 years using the straight-line method, as presented in the table below, commencing when the asset is placed in service. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the remainder of the lease term or the life of the improvements. Upon retirement or disposal, the cost of the asset disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in income. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.
| Property, plant and equipment |
| |
| ||
|
| |
Manufacturing machinery and equipment | 5 - 10 | |
Furniture, fixtures, computer hardware/software | 3 - 7 | |
Leasehold improvements | life of lease |
| F-10 |
Patents:Patents: At such time as the Company is awarded patents, patent costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the legal life on the patents, or over their estimated useful lives, whichever is shorter. As of December 31, 2020,2023, and 2019,2022, the Company had $439,836 and $813,397 of net patent costs of $53,978 and $79,983, respectively. Of these amounts $103,740$6,678 and $149,660$25,847 represent costs net of amortization incurred for awarded patents, and the remaining $663,892$47,300 and $663,736$54,136 represents costs incurred for patent in process applications to be filed as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, the Company capitalized $156$19,583 and $8,616$12,556 in patent costs, respectively, as it worked to secure design rights and trademarks for newly developed products. Amortization expense was $45,920$19,169 and $57,649$19,168 for the years ended December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, respectively.
As of December 31, 2020,2023, future amortization of patents is expected as follows:
2021 |
| $ | 37,429 |
|
2022 |
|
| 33,924 |
|
2023 |
|
| 25,154 |
|
2024 |
|
| 7,233 |
|
2025 |
|
| — |
|
|
| $ | 103,740 |
|
| Amortization of patents | ||||
| 2024 | $ | 6,493 | ||
| 2025 | 185 | |||
| $ | 6,678 |
Impairment of Long-lived Assets:Assets: The Company analyzes its long-lived assets (property, plant and equipment) and definitive-lived intangible assets (patents) for impairment, both individually and as a group, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. Events that might cause impairment would include significant current period operating or cash flow losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset or group of assets combined with a history of such losses, significant changes in the manner of use of assets and significant negative industry or economic trends. An undiscounted cash flow analysis is calculated to determine if impairment exists. If impairment is determined to exist, any related loss is calculated using the difference between the fair value and the carrying value of the assets. During the years ended December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, the Company did 0t incur impairmentsrecognized an impairment charge of $3,283,715 and $0, respectively. See Note 5 for further discussion on the impairment charge.
Equity Method Investment: The Company accounts for its manufacturing facilitiesinvestments in stock of other entities over which the Company has significant influence, but not control, using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method of accounting, the Company increases its investment for contributions made and equipment.records its proportionate share of net earnings, declared dividends and partnership distributions based on the most recently available financial statements of the investee. The Company re-evaluates the classification at each balance sheet date and when events or changes in circumstances indicate that there is a change in the Company’s ability to exercise significant influence. The Company evaluates its equity method investments for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that there is an other-than-temporary decline in the value of the investment. Declines in fair value that are deemed to be other-than-temporary are charged to Other income (expense), net.
F-9Other Assets: Other assets is comprised of the following:
| Other assets | ||||||||
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Lease security deposit | $ | 625,000 | $ | 625,000 | ||||
| Spare machine parts | 603,797 | 589,985 | ||||||
| Total Other Assets | $ | 1,228,797 | $ | 1,214,985 | ||||
Related Party Payables:Payables: The Company accounts for fees due to board members in the related party payables account on the balance sheet.Balance Sheets.
Interest Capitalization: Historically the Company has capitalized interest cost as part of the cost of acquiring or constructing certain assets during the period of time required to get the asset ready for its intended use. The Company capitalized interest to the extent that expenditures to acquire or construct an asset have occurred and interest cost has been incurred.
Convertible Notes: The Company issues, from time to time, convertible notes. Refer to NotesNote 10 and 12 for further information.
Convertible Preferred Stock:Stock: The Company evaluates its preferred stock instruments under FASB ASC 480, “"Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity”Equity" to determine the classification, and thereby the accounting treatment, of the instruments. Refer to Notes 1311 and 1912 for further discussion on the classification of each instrument.
Derivatives: The Company evaluates its financial instruments under FASB ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” to determine whether the instruments contain an embedded derivative. When an embedded derivative is present, the instrument is evaluated for a fair value adjustment upon issuance and at the end of every reporting period. Any adjustments to fair value are treated as gains and losses in fair values of derivatives and are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The following table is a summary of the derivative liability activity for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
Derivative Liability Balance as of December 31, 2018 |
| $ | 10,114,452 |
|
Additional derivative liability on new notes |
|
| 4,507,380 |
|
Change in fair value of derivative liability |
|
| (6,196,026 | ) |
Liability extinguished |
|
| (708,656 | ) |
Derivative Liability Balance as of December 31, 2019 |
|
| 7,717,150 |
|
Additional derivative liability on new notes |
|
| 447,903 |
|
Change in fair value of derivative liability |
|
| (2,861,069 | ) |
Derivative Liability Balance as of December 31, 2020 |
| $ | 5,303,984 |
|
Refer to Notes 10, 12, and 13 for further discussion on the embedded derivatives of each instrument.
Product Warranties:Warranties: The Company provides a limited warranty to the original purchaser of products against defective materials and workmanship. The Company also guarantees that standalone modules and PV integrated consumer electronics will achieve and maintain the stated conversion efficiency rating for certain products. Warranty accruals are recorded at the time of sale and are estimated based upon product warranty terms and historical experience and analysis of peer company product returns.experience. The Company assesses the adequacy of its liabilities and makes adjustments as necessary based on known or anticipated warranty claims, or as new information becomes available.
Warrant Liability: WarrantsLeases: The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at the inception of the contract. The Company accounts for non-lease components, such as certain taxes, insurance and common area maintenance, separate from the lease arrangement. Operating lease liabilities, which represent the Company’s obligation to purchasemake lease payments arising from the lease, and corresponding Operating lease right-of-use assets, which represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based on the present value of fixed future payments over the lease term. The Company utilizes the lease term for which it is reasonably certain to use the underlying asset, including consideration of options to extend or terminate the lease. Incentives received from landlords are recorded as a reduction to the lease right-of-use assets. The Company does not recognize lease right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities for leases with initial terms of 12 months or less.
| F-11 |
The Company calculates the present value of future payments using the discount rate implicit in the lease, if available, or its incremental borrowing rate. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest that a lessee would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term at an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. In determining the Company's common stock with nonstandard anti-dilution provisions, regardlessoperating lease right of use assets and operating lease liabilities, the probability or likelihood that may conditionally obligateCompany applied these incremental borrowing rates to the issuer to ultimately transfer assets, are classified as liabilities and are recorded at their estimated fair value at each reporting period. Any change in fair value of these warrants is recorded at each reporting period in Other income/(expense) onminimum lease payments within the Company's statement of operations.lease agreement.
Revenue Recognition:Recognition:
Product revenue. We recognize The Company recognizes revenue for modulethe sale of PV modules and other equipment sales at a point in time following the transfer of control of such products to the customer, which typically occurs upon shipment or delivery depending on the terms of the underlying contracts. For module and other equipment sales contracts that contain multiple performance obligations, we allocatethe Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation identified in the contract based on relative standalone selling prices, or estimates of such prices, and recognize the related revenue as control of each individual product is transferred to the customer, in satisfaction of the corresponding performance obligations.customer.
During the years ended December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, the companyCompany recognized product revenue of $66,613$397,886 and $638,380,$694,286, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2023, one customer from Switzerland represented 74% of total product revenue and one domestic customer presented 23% of the Company’s total product revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2022, one customer represented 82% of the Company's total product revenue.
F-10Milestone and engineering revenue. Each milestone and engineering arrangement is a separate performance obligation. The transaction price is estimated using the most likely amount method and revenue is recognized as the performance obligation is satisfied through achieving manufacturing, costs or engineering targets. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized total milestone revenue of $60,374 and $528,500.
Government contracts revenue. Revenue from government research and development contracts is generated under terms that areinclude cost plus fee, cost share, or firm fixed price. WeThe Company generally recognizerecognizes this revenue over time using cost-based input methods, which recognize revenue and gross profit as work is performed based on the relationship between actual costs incurred compared to the total estimated costs of the contract. In applying cost-based input methods of revenue recognition, we use the actual costs incurred relative to the total estimated costs to determine our progress towards contract completion and to calculate the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize.
Cost based input methods of revenue recognition are considered a faithful depiction of our efforts to satisfy long-term government research and development contracts and therefore reflect the performance obligations under such contracts. Costs incurred that do not contribute to satisfying ourthe Company's performance obligations are excluded from our input methods of revenue recognition as the amounts are not reflective of our transferring control under the contract. Costs incurred towards contract completion may include direct costs plus allowable indirect costs and an allocable portion of the fixed fee. If actual and estimated costs to complete a contract indicate a loss, provision is made currently for the anticipated loss anticipated on the contract.
NaNNo government contract revenue was recognized for the years ended December 31, 20202023 and 2019.2022.
Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount as the result of transactions with customers. The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The Company estimates the collectability of accounts receivable using analysis of historical bad debts, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends. Reserves are established on an account-by-account basis and are written off against the allowance in the period in which the Company determines that is it probable that the receivable will not be recovered.
The Company bills the government under cost-based research and development contracts at provisional billing rates which permit the recovery of indirect costs. These rates are subject to audit on an annual basis by the government agencies’ cognizant audit agency. The cost audit may result in the negotiation and determination of the final indirect cost rates. In the opinion of management, re-determination of any cost-based contracts will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had an accounts receivable, net balance of $0 and $1,769, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had an allowance for doubtful accounts of $0 and $26,000, respectively.
| F-12 |
The payment terms and conditions in customer contracts vary. Customers required to prepay are represented by deferred revenues, included in Accrued Liabilities on the Balance Sheets, until the Company’s performance obligations are satisfied. Invoiced customers are typically required to pay within 30 days of invoicing. Deferred revenue was as follows:
| Deferred revenue | ||||||
| Balance as of January 1, 2022 | $ | 22,500 | ||||
| Additions | 229,813 | |||||
| Recognized as revenue | (239,313 | ) | ||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2022 | 13,000 | |||||
| Additions | 31,220 | |||||
| Recognized as revenue | (43,285 | ) | ||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2023 | $ | 935 | ||||
Shipping and Handling Costs:Costs: The Company classifies shipping and handling costs for products shipped to customers as a component of “Cost of revenues” on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Customer payments of shipping and handling costs are recorded as a component of Revenues.
Research, Development and Manufacturing Operations Costs:Costs: Research, development and manufacturing operations expenses were $1,165,193$3,222,283 and $1,310,948$5,975,921 for the years ended December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, respectively. Research, development and manufacturing operations expenses include: 1) technology development costs, which include expenses incurred in researching new technology, improving existing technology and performing federal government research and development contracts, 2) product development costs, which include expenses incurred in developing new products and lowering product design costs, and 3) pre-production and production costs, which include engineering efforts to improve production processes, material yields and equipment utilization, and manufacturing efforts to produce saleable product. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs are expensed as incurred, with the exception of costs related to inventoried raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods, which are expensed as cost of revenue as products are sold.
Marketing and Advertising Costs: The Company advertises in print, television, online and through social media. The Company will also authorize customers to run advertising campaigns on its behalf through various media outlets.Costs: Marketing and advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Marketing and advertising expenses were $3,559$93,474 and $2,465$7,605 for the years ended December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, respectively.
Share-Based Compensation: The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees, officers, directors, and consultants based on estimated fair values. The valueOther Income (Expense): For the year ended December 31, 2023, Other income (expense) includes the receipt of the portionemployee retention tax credit of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service period in the Company’s Statements$769,983, net of Operations. Share-based compensation is based on awards ultimately expected to vest and is reduced for estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, as necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. For purposes of determining estimated fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant the Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model (“Black-Scholes Model”) for option awards. The Black-Scholes Model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions. Because the Company’s employee stock options may have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management’s opinion, the existing models may not provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of the Company’s employee stock options. Management will continue to assess the assumptions and methodologies used to calculate estimated fair value of share-based compensation. Circumstances may change and additional data may become available over time, which result in changes to these assumptions and methodologies, which could materially impact the Company’s fair value determination. The Company estimates the fair value of its restricted stock awards as its stock price on the grant date.related expenses.
The accounting guidance for share-based compensation may be subject to further interpretation and refinement over time. There are significant differences among option valuation models, and this may result in a lack of comparability with other companies that use different models, methods and assumptions. If factors change and the Company employs different assumptions in the accounting for share-based compensation in future periods, or if the Company decides to use a different valuation model, the compensation expense the Company records in the future may differ significantly from the amount recorded in the current period and could materially affect its loss from operations, net loss and net loss per share.
F-11
Income Taxes:Taxes: Deferred income taxes are provided using the liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of the changes in tax laws and rates as of the date of enactment. Interest and penalties, if applicable, would be recorded in operations.income tax (benefit) / expense.
The Company has analyzed filing positions in all of the federal and state jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns, as well as all open tax years (2017-2020)(2020-2023) in these jurisdictions. The Company believes its income tax filing positions and deductions will be sustained on audit and does not anticipate any adjustments that will result in a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Therefore, no reserves for uncertain income tax positions have been recorded.
There were approximately 19.5 billionApproximately million dilutive common shares and million dilutive warrants for the year ended December 31, 2020,2023 and approximately 44.8 billion dilutive shares were omittedand dilutive warrants for the year ended December 31, 20192022 were omitted because they were anti-dilutive.
| F-13 |
Fair Value Estimates:Estimates: Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The Company uses fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which, the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, to measure fair value:
| · |
| Level 1 |
| · |
| Level 2 |
| · |
| Level 3 |
Certain long-lived assets and current liabilities have been measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis. See Note 6. Property, Plant and Equipment, Note 10. Secured Promissory Notes, and Note 12. Convertible Notes. The carrying amount of our long-term debt outstanding approximates fair value because ourthe Company's current borrowing rate does not materially differ from market rates for similar bank borrowings.borrowings and are considered to be Level 2. The carrying value for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other assets and liabilities approximate their fair values due to their short maturities.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statementsIn addition to the items measured at fair value on a recurring basis, in conformityconjunction with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimatesthe significant impairment loss taken during the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company also measured certain property, plant and equipment at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These fair value measurements rely primarily on our specific inputs and assumptions about the use of the assets, as observable inputs are not available. Accordingly, we determined that affectthese fair value measurements reside primarily within Level 3 of the reported amountsfair value hierarchy.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2020-06. The adoption resulted in the elimination of assets and liabilities and disclosurethe beneficial conversion feature recognized on the Company’s convertible debt. The Company elected to apply the modified retrospective method to all open contracts as of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statementsJanuary 1, 2023, and the cumulative effect of initially applying ASU 2020-06 was recognized as an adjustment to the Company’s retained earnings balance as of January 1, 2023. Comparative periods have not been restated and continue to be reported amountsunder the accounting standard in effect for those periods.
The cumulative effect of revenuesthe changes made to the Company’s January 1, 2023, Balance Sheet for the adoption of ASU 2020-06 is as follows:
| Cumulative effect of changes in fianancial statement | ||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2022 | Adjustments Due to Adoption | Balance at January 1, 2023 | ||||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||||||
| Non-current convertible notes, net | $ | 5,268,399 | $ | 3,686,243 | $ | 8,954,642 | ||||||
| Shareholders' equity | ||||||||||||
| Additional paid in capital | 452,135,653 | (3,795,874 | ) | 448,339,779 | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (447,537,493 | ) | 109,631 | (447,427,862 | ) | |||||||
The impact due to the change in accounting principle on net income and expenses duringearnings per share for the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows:
| Post ASU 2020-06 | Pre ASU 2020-06 | Difference | ||||||||||
| Year Ended December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||
| Net Loss | $ | (17,069,896 | ) | $ | (25,739,479 | ) | $ | 8,669,583 | ||||
| Net Loss attributable to common shareholders | (35,050,574 | ) | (43,720,157 | ) | 8,669,583 | |||||||
| Earnings Per Share (Basic and Diluted) | $ | ) | $ | ) | $ | ) | ||||||
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In August 2020,November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging Contracts in Entity s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity s Own Equity2023-07, Segment Reporting: Improvement to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"). ASU 2020-06 will simplify2023-07 improves segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition, the accountingamendments enhance interim disclosure requirements, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instrumentsentities with a single reportable segment, and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting
F-12
models resultscontain other disclosure requirements. The amendments in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation modelsASU 2023-07 are (1) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting and (2) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as paid-in capital. ASU 2020-06 also amends the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity to reduce form-over-substance-based accounting conclusions. ASU 2020-06 will be effective for all public companiesentities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, includingand interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim2024. Early adoption is permitted. Management is evaluating the impact of this ASU on the Company's financial statements.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes: Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures ("ASU 2023-09"). ASU 2023-09 improves income tax disclosures by requiring public entities annually to (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. ASU 2023-09 is effective for public entities for annual periods within those fiscal years. Management hasbeginning after December 15, 2024. Entities are permitted to early adopt the standard for annual financial statements that have not yet evaluatedbeen issued or made available for issuance. Management is evaluating the impact that the adoption of this ASU 2020-06 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statement presentation or disclosures.
Other new pronouncements issued but not effective as of December 31, 2020 are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidatedCompany's financial statements.
| F-14 |
NOTE 4. 3. LIQUIDITY, CONTINUED OPERATIONS, AND GOING CONCERN
During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019,March 2023, the Company entered into multiple financing agreementsredeployed its Thornton manufacturing facility to fund operations. Further discussionfocus on industrial commercialization of these transactions can be foundthe Company's patent-pending Perovskite solar technologies. In April 2023, the Company purchased manufacturing assets in Notes 9, 10, 11, 12, 21.Zurich, Switzerland with plans to commence manufacturing using this equipment; however, in June 2023, Management exercised its put option to sell the this equipment (see Note 5) and restarted production at its Thornton facility and currently has limited PV production.
The Company has continued limitedwill continue to focus on integrating its PV production at its manufacturing facility.products into scalable and high value markets which includes agrivoltaics, aerospace, etc. The Company does not expect that sales revenue and cash flows will be sufficient to support operations and cash requirements until it has fully implemented its productrelaunch strategy. During the year ended December 31, 20202023 the Company used $2,881,138$9,536,879 in cash for operations. As of December 31, 2020,2023, the Company had $13,494,160$5,761,067 in net debt, and $872,820 in payables. Also as of December 31, 2020, the Company owed $438,063 in interest.current liabilities.
AdditionalAdditionally, projected product revenues are not anticipated to result in a positive cash flow position for the year 20212024 overall and, as of December 31, 2020,2023, the Company has a working capital deficit of $8,372,413 million.$4,225,559. As such, cash liquidity sufficientadditional financing will be required for the year ending December 31, 2021 will require additional financing.Company to reach a level of sufficient sales to achieve profitability.
The Company continues to accelerate sales and marketing efforts related to its consumer and military solar products and specialty PV application strategies through expansion of its sales and distribution channels. The Company has begun activities related to securingseek additional financingfunding through strategic or financial investors, but there is no assurance the Company will be able to raise additional capital on acceptable terms or at all. If the Company's revenues do not increase rapidly, and/or additional financing is not obtained, the Company will be required to significantly curtail operations to reduce costs and/or sell assets. Such actions would likely have an adverse impact on the Company's future operations.
As a result of the Company’s recurring losses from operations, and the need for additional financing to fund its operating and capital requirements, there is uncertainty regarding the Company’s ability to maintain liquidity sufficient to operate its business effectively, which raises substantial doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company has scaled down its operations, due to cash flow issues, and does not expect to ramp up until significant financing is obtained.
Management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
NOTE 4. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a Long-Term Supply and Joint Development Agreement (“JDA”) with TubeSolar, a former significant stakeholder in the Company. Under the terms of the JDA, the Company would produce, and TubeSolar will purchase, thin-film PV foils (“PV Foils”) for use in TubeSolar’s solar modules for agricultural photovoltaic (“APV”) applications that require solar foils for its production. Additionally, the Company will receive (i) up to $4 million of non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) fees, (ii) up to $13.5 million of payments upon achievement of certain agreed upon production and cost structure milestones and (iii) product revenues from sales of PV Foils to TubeSolar. The JDA has no fixed term, and may only be terminated by either party for breach. No revenue was recognized under this agreement during the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company recognized $512,000 of NRE revenue and $3,000 product revenue under the JDA during the year ended December 31, 2022.
The Company and TubeSolar also established Ascent Solar Technologies Germany GmbH (“Ascent Germany”), in which TubeSolar holds of 30% of the entity. Ascent Germany was established to jointly establish and operate a PV manufacturing facility in Germany that would produce and deliver PV Foils exclusively to TubeSolar. Until Ascent Germany’s facility is fully operational, PV Foils will be manufactured in the Company’s existing facility in Thornton, Colorado. The Company accounts for this investment as an equity method investment as it does not have control of this entity, but does have significant influence over the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s operations and financial performance. The Company contributed $0 and $83,559 Ascent Germany during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company currently cannot quantify its maximum exposure in this entity.
In June, 2023, TubeSolar filed an application for insolvency proceedings with the competent insolvency court due to insolvency and Management continues to monitor this situation.
NOTE 5. TRADE RECEIVABLESASSET ACQUISITION
Trade receivables,On April 17, 2023, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”) with Flisom (the “Seller”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company purchased certain assets relating to thin-film photovoltaic manufacturing and production from the Seller (collectively, the “Assets”), including (i) certain manufacturing equipment located at Seller’s Niederhasli, Switzerland facility (the “Manufacturing Facility”) and (ii) related inventory and raw materials at the Manufacturing Facility (collectively, the “Transaction”). In connection with the Transaction, the Company also acquired, by operation of Swiss law, the employment contracts of certain employees of Seller in Switzerland who are functionally predominantly working with the Assets, subject to such employees being offered the right to remain employed by Seller after the closing of the Transaction. The total consideration paid by the Company to Seller in connection with the Transaction was an aggregate amount in cash equal to $2,800,000.
| F-15 |
At the Closing, the Company and Seller also entered into (i) a Transition Services Agreement requiring the Seller to provide transition support for the Company’s operation of the Assets, with fees to be paid by the Company for performing defined support services, (ii) a Sublease Agreement allowing the Company’s to use the Manufacturing Facility where the Assets are located, and (iii) a Technology License Agreement, pursuant to which Seller granted the Company a revocable, non-exclusive license to certain intellectual property rights of the Seller used in the operation of the Assets (the “Licensed IP”), subject to certain encumbrances on the Licensed IP in favor of Seller’s lender. The Company will also receive proceeds from fulfilling a supply agreement obligation for one of the Seller’s customers.
The total purchase price, including transaction costs of $1,283,926, was allocated as follows:
| Summary of asset price allocation | ||||
| Asset Price Allocation | ||||
| Inventory | ||||
| Raw Material | $ | 130,030 | ||
| Finished Goods | 62,427 | |||
| Other Assets | 98,746 | |||
| Fixed Assets | ||||
| Manufacturing machinery and equipment | 3,682,621 | |||
| Furniture, fixtures, computer hardware and computer software | 110,102 | |||
In addition to the Asset Purchase Agreement, on April 20, 2023, the Company entered into a letter agreement (the “Letter Agreement”) with FL1 Holding GmbH, a German company (“FL1”) that is affiliated with BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC (“BD1”), a former affiliate of the Company, BD1 and BD Vermögensverwaltung GmbH (“BD”), the parent entity of FL1 (collectively, the “Affiliates”), in connection with the prospective acquisition by FL1 of substantially all shares in Seller following the Closing, subject to the satisfaction of certain terms and conditions. The Letter Agreement, among other things, granted the Company the option, but not the obligation, (i) to purchase certain intellectual property rights of Seller relating to thin-film photovoltaic manufacture and production for $2,000,000 following the release of certain liens on such intellectual property rights in favor of Seller’s lender, and (ii) for a period of 12 months following the Closing, to resell the Assets to the Affiliates for an aggregate amount equal to $5,000,000, with such transaction to close within 90 days following the exercise of the Company’s resale right. On June 16, 2023, the Company exercised its option to resell the Assets to the Affiliates. The Company has not received payment on this option and Management continues to discuss with the Affiliates the Company's options and rights to resolve this matter.
In September, 2023, Flisom filed for bankruptcy in Switzerland. These proceeding are in the initial phase and the Company's purchased Assets are located in the Manufacturing Facility. Management continues to be in discussion with the Facility landlord to resolve this matter.
As the purchased Assets were no longer being utilized for its intended purpose and because the put option is in default, Management concluded that there was a change in circumstance that could indicate that the carrying value of of the Assets may not be recoverable. Based on Management's analysis, Management concluded the undiscounted cash flows were not sufficient to recover the Asset's carrying value and recorded an impairment loss of $3,283,715 during the year ended December 31, 2023. The impairment loss represented the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the Assets. Management estimated the fair value of these Assets using Company specific inputs (including historical and forecasted information) and the Company's assumptions about the use of the Assets as observable inputs are not available. Inputs includes projected selling prices net consist of amounts generated from product salesprojected transaction costs. This analysis incorporated many different assumptions and government contracts. Accounts receivable totaled $5,539estimates which involve a high degree of judgment. These assumptions and $0 asestimates, which may change significantly in the future, have a substantial impact on the actual impairment loss recorded.
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Provisional Indirect Cost Rates - The Company bills2023, the government under cost-based research and development contracts at provisional billing rates which permit the recovery of indirect costs. These rates are subject to audit on an annual basis by the government agencies’ cognizant audit agency. The cost audit may result in the negotiation and determinationCompany's remaining book value of the final indirect cost rates. InAssets was approximately $0.8 million and the opinionCompany had a payable to Flisom of management, re-determination of any cost-based contracts will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.approximately $0.8 million.
F-13
| F-16 |
NOTE 6. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
The following table summarizes property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 20202023 and December 31, 2019:2022:
|
| As of December 31, |
| |||||
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2019 |
| ||
Building |
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 5,828,960 |
|
Furniture, fixtures, computer hardware and computer software |
|
| 489,421 |
|
|
| 489,421 |
|
Manufacturing machinery and equipment |
|
| 24,377,755 |
|
|
| 26,593,588 |
|
Depreciable property, plant and equipment |
|
| 24,867,176 |
|
|
| 32,911,969 |
|
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
| (24,848,408 | ) |
|
| (28,677,350 | ) |
Net property, plant and equipment |
| $ | 18,768 |
|
| $ | 4,234,619 |
|
The Company analyzes its long-lived assets for impairment, both individually and as a group, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable.
| Property, plant and equipment | ||||||||
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Furniture, fixtures, computer hardware and computer software | $ | 468,588 | $ | 482,235 | ||||
| Leasehold improvements | 15,995 | 87,957 | ||||||
| Manufacturing machinery and equipment | 20,661,222 | 21,739,504 | ||||||
| Manufacturing machinery and equipment, in progress | 32,087 | 280,473 | ||||||
| Depreciable property, plant and equipment | 21,177,892 | 22,590,169 | ||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (20,131,008 | ) | (22,038,508 | ) | ||||
| Net property, plant and equipment | $ | 1,046,884 | $ | 551,661 | ||||
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 20202023 and 20192022 was $105,738$76,069 and $185,132,$56,477, respectively. Fixed assets includes approximately $786,000 of manufacturing machinery and equipment that are located in Switzerland. Depreciation expense is recorded under “Depreciation and amortization expense” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
On July 29, 2020 the Company’s owned facility at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, CO 80241 (the “Building”) was foreclosed by the Building’s first lien holder (“Mortgage Holder”) and sold at public auction. The successful bidder for the Building was the Mortgage Holder, at the price of $7.193 million. As a result, the Company’s obligations to Mortgage Holder and all of the Company’s outstanding real property taxes on the Building were considered fully repaid.NOTE 7. OPERATING LEASES
OnIn September 21, 2020, the Company entered intocommenced a operating lease agreement with 12300 Grant LLC (“Landlord”), an affiliated company of the Mortgage Holder, for approximately 100,000 rentable square feet of the Building (the “Lease”). for its manufacturing and operations. The building lease is classified as an operating lease and accounted for accordingly. The Lease term is for 88 months commencing on September 21, 2020 at a rent of $50,000$50,000 per month including taxes, insurance and common area maintenance until December 31, 2020. Beginning January 1, 2021, the rent shall adjustadjusted to $80,000$80,000 per month on a triple net basis and shall increase at an annual rate of 3% per annum until December 31, 2027.
AtEffective September 1, 2023, the lease was amended to reduce the rentable square feet from 100,000 to approximately 75,000 square feet and the rent and tenant share of expenses were decreased in proportion to the reduction in rentable square feet. The Company recorded this as a lease modification in accordance with ASC 842, Leases, and recorded a reduction to the right of use asset and lease liability of $1,292,316 and $1,376,994, respectively. The Company recognized a gain on the lease modification of $84,678, which was recorded as other income in the Statement of Operations.
As of December 31, 2020,2023 and 2022, assets and liabilities related to the Company recorded an operatingCompany's lease asset and liability totaling $5,633,663 and $5,754,633, respectively. were as follows:
| Schedule of assets and liabilities related to company's leases | ||||||||
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets, net | $ | 2,364,672 | $ | 4,324,514 | ||||
| Current portion of operating lease liability | 491,440 | 733,572 | ||||||
| Non-current portion of operating lease liability | 2,043,025 | 3,827,878 | ||||||
During the yearyears ended December 31, 2020,2023 and 2022 the Company recorded operating lease costs included in rent expense totaling $287,103.Selling, general, and administrative expenses on the Statement of Operations of $961,333 and $1,042,346, respectively.
Future maturities of the operating lease liability are as follows:
2021 |
| $ | 960,000 |
| ||||
2022 |
|
| 988,800 |
| ||||
2023 |
|
| 1,018,464 |
| ||||
| Schedule future maturities of operating lease liability | ||||||||
2024 |
|
| 1,049,018 |
| $ | 769,129 | ||
2025 |
|
| 1,080,488 |
| 792,203 | |||
Thereafter |
|
| 2,259,192 |
| ||||
| 2026 | 815,969 | |||||||
| 2027 | 840,449 | |||||||
Total lease payments |
| $ | 7,355,962 |
| $ | 3,217,750 | ||
Less amounts representing interest |
|
| (1,601,329 | ) | $ | (683,285 | ) | |
Present value of lease liability |
| $ | 5,754,633 |
| $ | 2,534,465 | ||
The remaining weighted average lease term and discount rate of the operating lease is 84.548.0 months and 7.0%12.0%, respectively.
F-14
| F-17 |
During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded short term lease expense of approximately $326,400 and $16,200, respectively.
NOTE 7. 8. INVENTORIES
Inventories consisted of the following at December 31, 20202023 and December 31, 2019:2022:
| Schedule of inventory, net of reserves | ||||||||
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Raw materials | $ | 445,721 | $ | 577,799 | ||||
| Work in process | 1,775 | 37,351 | ||||||
| Finished goods | — | 133 | ||||||
| Total | $ | 447,496 | $ | 615,283 | ||||
|
| As of December 31, |
| |||||
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2019 |
| ||
Raw materials |
| $ | 525,626 |
|
| $ | 503,832 |
|
Work in process |
|
| — |
|
|
| 30,060 |
|
Finished goods |
|
| 8,805 |
|
|
| — |
|
Total |
| $ | 534,431 |
|
| $ | 533,892 |
|
NOTE 8. 9. NOTES PAYABLE
Between February, 2017 and June 2018, the Company entered into 2 agreements with a vendor (“Vendor 1”)Prior to convert the balance of their account into 4 notes payable in the aggregate amount of $1,073,825. The notes bear interest of 6% per annum and matured on February 24, 2018 and July 31, 2018, respectively, but remained unpaid as of December 31, 2019. At December 31, 2019, the aggregate principal and accrued interest balances were $1,073,825 and $162,205, respectively. On September 11, 2020, the Company entered into a settlement agreement (the “Settlement Agreement A”) with Vendor 1 and paid $120,000 on September 23, 2020 as the full and final settlement of all amounts owed between the parties. Following payment, a satisfaction of an existing judgment in favor of such law firm was filed in Adams County, Colorado. The Company booked a gain of approximately $1.1 million relating to Settlement Agreement A.
On June 30, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with anotherA vendor (“Vendor 2”Vendor”) to convert the balance of their account into a note payable in the amount of $250,000.$250,000. The note bears interest of 5% per annum and matured on February 28, 2018. As of December 31, 2020,2023, the Company had not made any payments on this note and the accrued interest was $43,836,$81,336. and the note is due upon demand. To the best of our knowledge, Vendor 2 had not made any attempts to recover any amount owing to them since 2019.
On September 30, 2017, the Company entered into a settlement agreement with a customer to convert the credit balance of their account into aThis note is recorded as Other payable in the amount of $215,234. The note bears interest of 5% per annum and matured on December 31, 2019. The Company made principal and interest payments of $32,529 and $897, respectively. At December 31, 2019, the remaining principal and accrued interest balances were $182,705 and $21,933, respectively. On September 11, 2020, the Company entered into a settlement agreement (the “Settlement Agreement B”) with the customer and paid $20,000 on September 18, 2020 as the full and final settlement of all amounts owed between the parties. The Company booked a gain of approximately $185,000 relating to Settlement Agreement B.Balance Sheets.
NOTE 9. DEBT
On August 2, 2019, Colorado Housing and Finance Authority (“CHFA”) entered into an agreement to assign the mortgage note to Iliad Research and Trading, L.P., a Utah limited liability partnership (“IRT”). This agreement closed on September 11, 2019, and IRT paid a total of $5,885,148 to CHFA to assume the note. The payment amount consisted of $5,405,666 of principal and $479,482 of interest and fees. Interest was accrued on the note at the default interest rate of 10.5%. At December 31, 2019, the remaining principal and accrued interest balances were $5,885,148 and $190,158, respectively.
On July 29, 2020, the Company’s owned facility at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, CO 80241 (the “Building”) was foreclosed by IRT and sold at public auction. The successful bidder for the Building was IRT, at the price of $7.193 million. As a result, the Company’s obligations to IRT and all of the Company’s outstanding real property taxes on the Building were considered fully repaid. The Company booked a gain of approximately $3 million on sale of the property.
F-15
NOTE 10. SECURED PROMISSORY NOTECONVERTIBLE NOTES
The following table providestables provide a summary of the activity of the Company's securedconvertible notes:
|
| Global Ichiban |
|
| St. George |
|
| BD1 |
|
| Total |
| ||||
Secured Notes Principal Balance at December 31, 2018 |
| $ | 4,956,745 |
|
| $ | 1,315,000 |
|
| $ | 0 |
|
| $ | 6,271,745 |
|
New notes |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 845,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 845,000 |
|
Note conversions |
|
| (115,000 | ) |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (115,000 | ) |
Interest converted to principal |
|
| 171,152 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 171,152 |
|
Secured Notes Principal Balance at December 31, 2019 |
|
| 5,012,897 |
|
|
| 2,160,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 7,172,897 |
|
Less: remaining discount |
|
| (765,576 | ) |
|
| (71,666 | ) |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (837,242 | ) |
Secured Notes, net of discount, at December 31, 2019 |
|
| 4,247,321 |
|
|
| 2,088,334 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 6,335,655 |
|
New notes |
|
| 6,400,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 6,400,000 |
|
Note conversions |
|
| (600,000 | ) |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (600,000 | ) |
Note Assignments |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (2,160,000 | ) |
|
| 2,160,000 |
|
|
| (2,160,000 | ) |
Notes Exchanged |
|
| (5,012,897 | ) |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (2,160,000 | ) |
|
| (5,012,897 | ) |
Secured Notes Principal Balance at December 31, 2020 |
|
| 5,800,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 5,800,000 |
|
Less: remaining discount |
|
| (394,363 | ) |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (394,363 | ) |
Secured Notes, net of discount, at December 31, 2020 |
| $ | 5,405,637 |
|
| $ | 0 |
|
| $ | 0 |
|
| $ | 5,405,637 |
|
| Schedule of convertible debt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Principal | New | Notes | Notes | Principal | Less: | Net | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| BD1 Notes (related party) | $ | 9,900,000 | $ | — | $ | (2,000,000 | ) | $ | (7,900,000 | ) | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||||
| Nanyang Note | 500,000 | — | 1,000,000 | (1,500,000 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fleur | — | — | 1,000,000 | (1,000,000 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Sabby | — | 7,500,000 | — | (107,101 | ) | 7,392,899 | (4,777,643 | ) | 2,615,256 | |||||||||||||||||||
| L1 | — | 7,500,000 | — | — | 7,500,000 | (4,846,857 | ) | 2,653,143 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | 10,400,000 | $ | 15,000,000 | $ | — | $ | (10,507,101 | ) | $ | 14,892,899 | $ | (9,624,500 | ) | $ | 5,268,399 | |||||||||||||
Global Ichiban Secured Promissory Notes
| Principal Balance 12/31/2022 | Principal Settled | Principal Balance 12/31/203 | Less: Discount | Net Principal Balance 12/31/2023 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Sabby | $ | 7,392,899 | $ | (7,392,899 | ) | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||
| L1 | 7,500,000 | (7,093,333 | ) | 406,667 | (51,731 | ) | 354,936 | |||||||||||||||
| $ | 14,892,899 | $ | (14,486,232 | ) | $ | 406,667 | $ | (51,731 | ) | $ | 354,936 | |||||||||||
BD1 Convertible Note
Prior to 2019, the Company had issued secured notes to Global Ichiban Limited (“Global”) that had aggregate remaining principal and accrued interest balances of $4,956,745 and $1,223,611, respectively, as of January 1, 2019.
All principal and accrued interest on the notes was redeemable at any time, in whole or in part, at the option of Global. The redemption amount may be paid in cash or converted into shares of common stock at a variable conversion price equal to the lowest of (i) 85% of the average VWAP for the shares over the prior 5 trading days, (ii) the closing bid price for the shares on the prior trading day, or (iii) $2.00 per share, at the option of the Company.
The notes may not be converted, and shares of the common stock may not be issued pursuant to the notes, if, after giving effect to the conversion or issuance, the holder together with its affiliates would beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of the outstanding shares of common stock.
The following table summarizes the conversion activity of this note:
Conversion Period |
| Principal Converted |
|
| Interest Converted |
|
| Common Shares Issued |
| |||
Q1 2019 |
|
| 115,000 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 9,595,327 |
|
|
| $ | 115,000 |
|
| $ | - |
|
|
| 9,595,327 |
|
Since conversions began in the first quarter of 2018, the interest associated with conversions has been added back into the principal of the notes. The following table summarizes the activity of adding the interest to principal:
Period |
| Interest converted to Principal |
| |
Q1 2019 |
|
| 171,152 |
|
|
| $ | 171,152 |
|
F-16
All the notes issued in accordance with the note purchase and exchange agreement dated November 30, 2017 were secured by a security interest on substantially all of the Company’s assets, bear interest at a rate of 12% per annum and contain standard and customary events of default.
On September 9, 2020, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement (“GI Exchange Agreement”) with Global. Pursuant to the terms of the GI Exchange Agreement, Global agreed to surrender and exchange all of its existing outstanding promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $6,313,387 (including accrued interest). In exchange, the Company issued to Global a secured convertible promissory note with a principal amount of $6,400,000 (“GI Exchange Note”). The GI Exchange Note will mature on September 30, 2022. Principal on the GI Exchange Note, if not converted, will be payable in a lump sum on September 30, 2022. The GI Exchange Note will not bear any accrued interest but bears a default interest rate of 18% in the event of a default under the GI Exchange Note. The GI Exchange Note is secured by a lien on substantially all of the Company’s assets pursuant to the Security Agreement dated November 30, 2017 (the “Security Agreement”) entered into between the Company and Global. The Company has accounted for the GI Exchange Agreement as a troubled debt restructuring. The future undiscounted cash flow of the new secured convertible promissory note totaling $6,400,000 is more than the carrying value of the original outstanding promissory notes totaling $6,313,387, therefore no gain was recorded and a new effective interest rate has been established based on the carrying value of the original promissory notes and revised cash flow. The difference of $86,613 was recorded as an original issue debt discount and will be charged to interest over the term of the note. On December 9, 2020, Global converted $600,000 into 872,093,023 common shares. At December 31, 2020 the remaining principal balance was $5,800,000.
The conversion option associated with the note was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. Refer to Note 13. Derivative Liabilities for further details.
Subsequent to the period of this report, the amounts owed to Global were fully settled. Refer to the Global Ichiban Settlement Agreement section of Note 22. Subsequent Events for further details.
St. George Secured Convertible Notes
Prior to 2019, the Company had issued secured notes to St. George Investments LLC (“St. George”) that had aggregate remaining principal and accrued interest balances of $1,315,000 and $252,751, respectively, as of January 1, 2019.
During 2019, the Company issued $845,000 in notes to St. George with net proceeds of $700,000. The Company recorded aggregate original issue discounts of $140,000 and debt financing costs of $5,000, which will be recognized as interest expense, ratably, over the life of the note.
Beginning six months from the date of issuance, St. George shall have the option to redeem all or a portion of the amounts outstanding under the Company Note. At St. George's option, redemption amounts are payable by the Company in cash or in the form of shares of the common stock. Conversions into common stock shall be calculated using a variable conversion price equal to 60% of the average of the two lowest closing bid prices for the shares over the prior 10-day trading period immediately preceding the conversion.
Shares of common stock may not be issued pursuant to these notes if, after giving effect to the conversion or issuance, the holder together with its affiliates would beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of the outstanding shares of common stock.
The conversion option associated with the notes was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. Refer to Note 13. Derivative Liabilities for further details.
On September 9, 2020, all debts with St. George were assigned to BD1 as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. The Company subsequently entered into an Exchange Agreement with BD1 on December 18, 2020. Refer to the BD1 Convertible Notes in Note 12. Convertible Notes for further discussion.
F-17
NOTE 11. PROMISSORY NOTES
The following table provides a summary of the activity of the Company's non-convertible, unsecured, promissory notes:
|
| Investor 1 |
|
| Investor 2 |
|
| BD1 |
|
| SBA |
|
| Total |
| |||||
Promissory Notes Principal Balance at December 31, 2018 |
| $ | 494,437 |
|
| $ | 850,000 |
|
| $ | 0 |
|
| $ | 0 |
|
| $ | 1,344,437 |
|
New principal |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 615,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 615,000 |
|
Notes exchanged |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (850,000 | ) |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (850,000 | ) |
Promissory Notes Principal Balance at December 31, 2019 |
|
| 494,437 |
|
|
| 615,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 1,109,437 |
|
Less: remaining discount |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (16,666 | ) |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (16,666 | ) |
Promissory Notes, net of discount, at December 31, 2019 |
|
| 494,437 |
|
|
| 598,334 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 1,092,771 |
|
New principal |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 35,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 193,200 |
|
|
| 228,200 |
|
Notes assigned |
|
| (494,437 | ) |
|
| (650,000 | ) |
|
| 1,144,437 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Notes exchanged |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (1,144,437 | ) |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| (1,144,437 | ) |
Promissory Notes Principal Balance at December 31, 2020 |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 193,200 |
|
|
| 193,200 |
|
Less: remaining discount |
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Promissory Notes, net of discount, at December 31, 2020 |
| $ | 0 |
|
| $ | 0 |
|
| $ | 0 |
|
| $ | 193,200 |
|
| $ | 193,200 |
|
Offering of Unsecured, Non-Convertible Notes to Investor 1
Prior to 2019, the Company had issued a note to a private investor (“Investor 1”), that had remaining principal and accrued interest balances of $494,437 and $136,927, respectively, as of January 1, 2019. The note bears an interest rate of 12%, and principal and interest on this note were payable at maturity. This note was not convertible into equity shares of the Company and was unsecured.
On September 11, 2020 the debt with Investor 1 was assigned to BD1 as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. The Company subsequently entered into an Exchange Agreement with BD1 on December 18, 2020. Refer to the BD1 Convertible Notes in Note 12. Convertible Notes for further discussion.
Offering of Unsecured, Non-Convertible Notes to Investor 2
Prior to 2019, the Company had issued notes to another private investor (“Investor 2”), that had aggregate remaining principal and accrued interest balances of $850,000 and $61,246, respectively, as of January 1, 2019.
During 2019, the Company issued non-convertible, unsecured promissory notes with Investor 2 with an aggregate principal amount of $500,000. The notes were issued with an aggregate original issue discount of $120,000, which will be recorded as interest expense ratably over the term of the note, resulting in proceeds to the company of $380,000. The notes bear interest at a rate of 12% and matured between September 11, 2019 and March 9, 2020. All principal and interest was payable upon maturity.
During 2020, the Company initiated a non-convertible, unsecured promissory note with Investor 2 for an aggregate principal amount of $150,000. The promissory note was issued with an original issue discount of $35,000, which will be recorded as interest expense ratably over the term of the note, resulting in proceeds to the company of $115,000, which was received in several tranches between September 2019 and November 2019. This note bears interest at 12% per annum and matures on May 1, 2021. All principal and interest is payable upon maturity.
On September 11, 2020, the entire debt with Investor 2 was assigned to BD1 as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. The Company subsequently entered into an Exchange Agreement with BD1 on December 18, 2020. Refer to the BD1 Convertible Notes in Note 12. Convertible Notes for further discussion.
F-18
SBA PPP
On April 17, 2020, the Company obtained a PPP Loan from Vectra Bank Colorado (“Vectra”) in the aggregate amount of $193,200, which was established under the CARES Act, as administered by the Small Business Association (“SBA”). Under the terms of the CARES Act and the PPP, all or a portion of the principal amount of the PPP Loan is subject to forgiveness so long as, over the 24-week period following the Company’s receipt of the proceeds of the PPP Loan, the Company uses those proceeds for payroll costs, rent, utility costs or the maintenance of employee and compensation levels. The PPP Loan is unsecured, guaranteed by the SBA, and has a two-year term, maturing on April 17, 2022. Interest accrues on the loan beginning with the initial disbursement; however, payments of principal and interest are deferred until Vectra’s determination of the amount of forgiveness applied for by the Company is approved by the SBA. If the Company does not apply for forgiveness within 10 months after the last day of the covered period (defined, at the Company’s election as 24 weeks), such payments will be due that month. See Note 18. Paycheck Protection Program Loan for further information on the SBA PPP note
NOTE 12. CONVERTIBLE NOTES
The following table provides a summary of the activity of the Company's unsecured, convertible, promissory notes:
| Principal Balance 12/31/2018 |
| New Notes |
| Notes assigned or exchanged |
| Notes converted |
| Principal Balance 12/31/2019 |
| Less: Discount Balance |
| Net Principal Balance 12/31/2019 |
| |||||||
October 2016 Notes | $ | 330,000 |
| $ | 0 |
| $ | 0 |
| $ | 0 |
| $ | 330,000 |
| $ | 0 |
| $ | 330,000 |
|
St. George Notes |
| 1,099,233 |
|
| (172,500 | ) |
| 0 |
|
| (309,070 | ) |
| 617,663 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 617,663 |
|
BayBridge Notes |
| 62,500 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 1,160,000 |
|
| (281,900 | ) |
| 940,600 |
|
| (408,333 | ) |
| 532,267 |
|
Bellridge Notes |
| 455,000 |
|
| 510,000 |
|
| (226,000 | ) |
| (243,000 | ) |
| 496,000 |
|
| (382,500 | ) |
| 113,500 |
|
Power Up Notes |
| 225,000 |
|
| 149,500 |
|
| 0 |
|
| (267,680 | ) |
| 106,820 |
|
| (26,566 | ) |
| 80,254 |
|
EMA Note |
| 75,000 |
|
| 0 |
|
| (75,000 | ) |
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
Widjaja Note |
| 0 |
|
| 330,000 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 330,000 |
|
| (1 | ) |
| 329,999 |
|
GS Capital Notes |
| 0 |
|
| 178,568 |
|
| 75,000 |
|
| (84,068 | ) |
| 169,500 |
|
| (44,167 | ) |
| 125,333 |
|
| $ | 2,246,733 |
| $ | 995,568 |
| $ | 934,000 |
| $ | (1,185,718 | ) | $ | 2,990,583 |
| $ | (861,567 | ) | $ | 2,129,016 |
|
| Principal Balance 12/31/2019 |
| New Notes |
| Notes assigned or exchanged |
| Notes converted |
| Principal Balance 12/31/2020 |
| Less: Discount Balance |
| Net Principal Balance 12/31/2020 |
| |||||||
October 2016 Notes | $ | 330,000 |
| $ | 0 |
| $ | (330,000 | ) | $ | 0 |
| $ | 0 |
| $ | 0 |
| $ | 0 |
|
St. George Notes |
| 617,663 |
|
| 0 |
|
| (617,663 | ) |
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
BayBridge Notes |
| 940,600 |
|
| 0 |
|
| (940,600 | ) |
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
Bellridge Notes |
| 496,000 |
|
| 0 |
|
| (451,000 | ) |
| (45,000 | ) |
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
Power Up Notes |
| 106,820 |
|
| 0 |
|
| (106,820 | ) |
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
Widjaja Note |
| 330,000 |
|
| 0 |
|
| (330,000 | ) |
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
GS Capital Notes |
| 169,500 |
|
| 0 |
|
| (169,500 | ) |
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
Penumbra Note (related party) |
| 0 |
|
| 250,000 |
|
| (250,000 | ) |
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
BD1 Notes (related party) |
| 0 |
|
| 10,500,000 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 10,500,000 |
|
| (2,936,952 | ) |
| 7,563,048 |
|
Crowdex Note (related party) |
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 250,000 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 250,000 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 250,000 |
|
| $ | 2,990,583 |
| $ | 10,750,000 |
| $ | (2,945,583 | ) | $ | (45,000 | ) | $ | 10,750,000 |
| $ | (2,936,952 | ) | $ | 7,813,048 |
|
October 2016 Convertible Notes
Prior to 2019, the Company had issued convertible notes to a private investor that had remaining principal and accrued interest balances of $330,000 and $136,927, respectively, as of January 1, 2019.
F-19
The convertible notes matured on December 31, 2017 and bear an interest rate of 6% per annum, subject to increase to 24% per annum upon the occurrence and continuance of an event of default. Principal and accrued interest on the convertible notes is payable upon demand. The default interest rate has not been designated by the investor.
All principal and accrued interest on the convertible notes is convertible at any time, in whole or in part, at the option of the investor, into shares of common stock at a variable conversion price equal to 80% of the lowest closing bid price of the Company’s common stock for the fifteen consecutive trading day period prior to the conversion date. After the six-month anniversary of the issuance of any convertible note, the conversion price for such note shall thereafter be equal to 50% of the lowest closing bid price of the Company’s common stock for the fifteen consecutive trading day period prior to the conversion date. The convertible notes contain standard and customary events of default.
The conversion option associated with the notes was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. Refer to Note 13. Derivative Liabilities for further details.
On September 11, 2020, the October 2016 Convertible Notes were assigned to BD1 as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. The Company subsequently entered into an Exchange Agreement with BD1 on December 18, 2020. Refer to the BD1 Convertible Notes in Note 12. Convertible Notes for further discussion.
St. George Convertible Note
Prior to 2019, the Company sold and issued a $1,700,000 convertible note to St. George, which had a principal balance of $1,099,233 as of January 1, 2019.
This note matured on March 11, 2019. The note does not bear interest in the absence of an event of default. The note is due upon demand and a default interest rate has not been designated by St. George.
During 2019, $309,070 was converted into 1.1 billion shares of the Company’s common stock.
The following table summarizes the conversion activity of this note:
Conversion Period | Principal Converted |
| Interest Converted |
| Common Shares Issued |
| |||
Q1 2019 |
| 106,750 |
|
| — |
|
| 58,503,244 |
|
Q2 2019 |
| 59,320 |
|
| — |
|
| 86,636,364 |
|
Q3 2019 |
| 89,000 |
|
| — |
|
| 457,222,222 |
|
Q4 2019 |
| 54,000 |
|
| — |
|
| 540,000,000 |
|
| $ | 309,070 |
| $ | — |
|
| 1,142,361,830 |
|
The conversion option associated with the note was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. Refer to Note 13. Derivative Liabilities for further details.
On September 9, 2020, the St. George Convertible Note was assigned to BD1 as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. The Company subsequently entered into an Exchange Agreement with BD1 on December 18, 2020. Refer to the BD1 Convertible Notes in Note 12. Convertible Notes for further discussion.
Baybridge Convertible Note
Between September 7, 2018 and August 22, 2019, the Company, entered into several securities exchange agreements with BayBridge Capital Fund LP ("BayBridge”).
During 2019, the Company entered into several securities exchange agreements with BayBridge.
Pursuant to the terms of the exchange agreements, BayBridge agreed to surrender and exchange several outstanding promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $829,000, and aggregate accrued interest of $97,000, for convertible notes (“Exchange Notes”) with an aggregate principal amount of $1,160,000 and aggregate original issue discounts of $234,000.
F-20
The Exchange Notes are unsecured, have no applicable registration rights, bear interest at a rate of 12% per annum, and matured between September 7, 2019 and August 22, 2020. The notes contain standard and customary events of default.
The terms of the Exchange Notes included a conversion feature which was the lesser of (i) a price range of $0.0005 to $0.15, or (ii) a range of 65% to 70% of the lowest traded price for the shares over the prior five trading days.
During 2019, aggregate principal of $281,900 and interest of $8,407 had been converted into 1 billion shares of common stock and no cash payments of principal or interest were made on these exchange notes.
The following table summarizes the conversion activity of these notes:
Conversion Period | Principal Converted |
| Interest Converted |
| Common Shares Issued |
| |||
Q1 2019 |
| 90,500 |
|
| 3,278 |
|
| 47,400,806 |
|
Q2 2019 |
| 88,500 |
|
| 2,079 |
|
| 141,822,223 |
|
Q3 2019 |
| 86,000 |
|
| 2,261 |
|
| 616,247,346 |
|
Q4 2019 |
| 16,900 |
|
| 789 |
|
| 176,886,700 |
|
| $ | 281,900 |
| $ | 8,407 |
|
| 982,357,075 |
|
The conversion option associated with the notes was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. Refer to Note 13. Derivative Liabilities for further details.
On September 11, 2020, the Baybridge Convertible Notes were assigned to BD1 as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. The Company subsequently entered into an Exchange Agreement with BD1 on December 18, 2020. Refer to the BD1 Convertible Notes in Note 12. Convertible Notes for further discussion.
Bellridge Convertible Notes
Prior to 2019, the Company had issued convertible notes to Bellridge Capital, LP (“Bellridge”) which had aggregate principal and accrued interest balances of $455,000 and $40,863, respectively, as of January 1, 2019.
On October 22, 2019, the Company and Bellridge entered into an exchange agreement to exchange the outstanding Bellridge notes with principal and interest of $226,000 and $51,000, respectively, into a new note with a principal balance of $450,000. The note is not secured, contains no registration rights, has an interest rate of 10% per annum, matures on October 22, 2020, and contains standard and customary events of default. All principal and interest on the note are due upon maturity. Bellridge shall have the option to convert all or a portion of the amounts outstanding under the note, into shares of the Company's common stock. Conversions into common stock shall be calculated using a variable conversion price equal to the lesser of (i) $0.0005 or (ii) 70% of the lowest traded price for the shares over the prior ten-day trading period immediately preceding the conversion. The original issue discount of $173,000 will be charged to interest, ratably, over the life of the note.
On October 22, 2019, the Company and Bellridge entered into a new convertible promissory note with a principal balance of $60,000, in exchange for proceeds of $40,000. The note is not secured, contains no registration rights, has an interest rate of 10% per annum, matures on October 22, 2020, and contains standard and customary events of default. All principal and interest on the note are due upon maturity. Bellridge shall have the option to convert all or a portion of the amounts outstanding under the note, into shares of the Company's common stock. Conversions into common stock shall be calculated using a variable conversion price equal to the lesser of (i) $0.0005 or (ii) 70% of the lowest traded price for the shares over the prior ten-day trading period immediately preceding the conversion. The original issue discount of $20,000 will be charged to interest, ratably, over the life of the note.
Shares of common stock may not be issued pursuant to any of these notes if, after giving effect to the conversion or issuance, the holder together with its affiliates would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock.
During 2019 and 2020, an aggregate principal of $288,000 and interest of $25,697, on the Bellridge convertible notes had been converted into 1,571,266,388 shares of common stock and 0 cash payments of principal or interest had been made.
F-21
The following table summarizes the conversion activity of these notes:
Conversion Period | Principal Converted |
| Interest Converted |
| Common Shares Issued |
| |||
Q1 2019 |
| 65,615 |
|
| 4,507 |
|
| 38,696,339 |
|
Q2 2019 |
| 47,385 |
|
| 3,874 |
|
| 68,142,087 |
|
Q3 2019 |
| 89,000 |
|
| 9,779 |
|
| 529,061,862 |
|
Q4 2019 |
| 41,000 |
|
| 5,404 |
|
| 464,037,300 |
|
Q2 2020 |
| 45,000 |
|
| 2,133 |
|
| 471,328,800 |
|
| $ | 288,000 |
| $ | 25,697 |
|
| 1,571,266,388 |
|
The conversion option associated with the notes was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. Refer to Note 13. Derivative Liabilities for further details.
On September 11, 2020, the Bellridge Convertible Notes were assigned to BD1 as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. The Company subsequently entered into an Exchange Agreement with BD1 on December 18, 2020. Refer to the BD1 Convertible Notes in Note 12. Convertible Notes for further discussion.
Power Up Convertible Notes
During 2018 and 2019, the Company entered into six securities purchase agreements with Power Up Lending Group, LTD (“Power Up”), for the private placement of three convertible notes with an aggregate principal amount of $376,000.
Beginning in six months after issuance, Power Up shall have the option to convert all or a portion of the amounts outstanding under the convertible note, into shares of the Company's common stock. Conversions into common stock shall be calculated using a variable conversion price equal to 65% of the average of the three lowest closing bid prices for the shares over the prior ten-day trading period immediately preceding the conversion.
Shares of common stock may not be issued pursuant to any of these notes if, after giving effect to the conversion or issuance, the holder together with its affiliates would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock.
During 2019, an aggregate principal of $267,680 and interest of $9,000, on the Power Up convertible notes had been converted into 578,794,634 shares of common stock and 0 cash payments of principal or interest had been made.
The following table summarizes the conversion activity of these notes:
Conversion Period | Principal Converted |
| Interest Converted |
| Common Shares Issued |
| |||
Q1 2019 | $ | 182,500 |
| $ | 7,300 |
|
| 95,014,902 |
|
Q2 2019 |
| 42,500 |
|
| 1,700 |
|
| 47,155,556 |
|
Q3 2019 |
| 14,600 |
|
| — |
|
| 155,824,176 |
|
Q4 2019 |
| 28,080 |
|
| — |
|
| 280,800,000 |
|
| $ | 267,680 |
| $ | 9,000 |
|
| 578,794,634 |
|
The conversion option associated with the notes was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. Refer to Note 13. Derivative Liabilities for further details.
On September 11, 2020, the Power Up Convertible Notes were assigned to BD 1 as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. The Company subsequently entered into an Exchange Agreement with BD 1 on December 18, 2020. Refer to the BD 1 Convertible Notes in Note 12. Convertible Notes for further discussion.
F-22
Widjaja Convertible Note
On January 11, 2019, the Company entered into a note purchase with Jason Widjaja (“Widjaja”), for the private placement of a $330,000 convertible promissory note, in exchange for $330,000 of gross proceeds. The note is unsecured, bears interest at 12% per annum, matures on January 11, 2020, and contains standard and customary events of default including but not limited to: (i) failure to make payments when due under the note, and (ii) bankruptcy or insolvency of the Company. Principal and interest on the note will be payable upon maturity.
At any time after inception of the note, until fully paid, Widjaja shall have the option to convert all or a portion of amounts outstanding under the note into shares of the Company's common stock. Conversions into common stock shall be calculated using a variable conversion price equal to 80% of the lowest closing bid price for the shares over the prior five trading days immediately preceding the conversion date.
There are no registration rights applicable to the note. Shares of common stock may not be issued pursuant to the note if, after giving effect to the conversion or issuance, the holder together with its affiliates would beneficially own in excess of 19.99% of the outstanding shares of the Company's common stock.
During 2019 and 2020, no principal and no interest had been converted into shares of common stock and 0 cash payments of principal or interest had been made.
The conversion option associated with the note was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. Refer to Note 13. Derivative Liabilities for further details.
On September 11, 2020, the Widjaja Convertible Note was assigned to BD1 as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. The Company subsequently entered into an Exchange Agreement with BD1 on December 18, 2020. Refer to the BD1 Convertible Notes in Note 12. Convertible Notes for further discussion.
GS Capital Convertible Note
On February 22, 2019, the Company sold and issued to GS Capital Partners, LLC (“GS”) a $108,000 aggregate principal amount unsecured convertible promissory note in exchange for $75,000 of gross proceeds, $6,000 in financing costs, and $27,000 of premium associated with the assignment of a note from a former investor. On August 26, 2019, the Company sold and issued to GS, an additional unsecured convertible promissory note in the amount of $70,500.
These notes are unsecured, bear interest at 8% per annum, matures twelve months from the date of issuance, and contain standard and customary events of default including but not limited to: (i) failure to make payments when due under the note, and (ii) bankruptcy or insolvency of the Company. Principal and interest on the note will be payable upon maturity. There are no registration rights applicable to the note.
At any time after inception of the note until fully paid, GS shall have the option to convert all or a portion of amounts outstanding under the note into shares of the Company's common stock. Conversions into common stock shall be calculated using a variable conversion price equal to 65% of the average of the three lowest closing bid prices for the shares over the prior ten day trading period immediately preceding the conversion.
Shares of common stock may not be issued pursuant to the note if, after giving effect to the conversion or issuance, the holder together with its affiliates would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the outstanding shares of the Company's common stock.
During 2019, principal of $84,068 and interest of $5,766 had been converted into 473,445,228 million shares of common stock and 0 cash payments of principal or interest had been made.
F-23
The following table summarizes the conversion activity of these notes:
Conversion Period | Principal Converted |
| Interest Converted |
| Common Shares Issued |
| |||
Q2 2019 | $ | 15,000 |
| $ | 763 |
|
| 17,321,692 |
|
Q3 2019 |
| 57,718 |
|
| 4,284 |
|
| 335,425,736 |
|
Q4 2019 |
| 11,350 |
|
| 719 |
|
| 120,697,800 |
|
| $ | 84,068 |
| $ | 5,766 |
|
| 473,445,228 |
|
The conversion option associated with the notes was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. Refer to Note 13. Derivative Liabilities for further details.
On September 11, 2020, the GS Convertible Note was assigned to BD1 as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. The Company subsequently entered into an Exchange Agreement with BD1 on December 18, 2020. Refer to the BD1 Convertible Notes in Note 12. Convertible Notes for further discussion.
Penumbra Convertible Note
On June 9, 2020, the Company issued to Penumbra Solar, Inc. (“Penumbra”) a $250,000 aggregate principal amount convertible promissory note. The Company has received $250,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of the note. The aggregate principal amount (together with accrued interest) will mature on June 9, 2021. The note bears interest at a rate of 6% per annum. The interest rate increases to 18% in the event of a default. The note is convertible, at the holder’s option, into shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a conversion price equal to $0.0001 per share.
On September 25, 2020, the Penumbra Convertible Note was assigned to Crowdex.
Crowdex Convertible Note
On September 25, 2020, as discussed above, Penumbra assigned its note to Crowdex. At December 31, 2020, the note had a principal balance of $250,000 and an accrued interest balance of $8,425. The aggregate principal amount (together with accrued interest) will mature on June 9, 2021. The note bears an interest rate of 6% per annum. The interest rate increases to 18% in the event of a default. The note is convertible, at the holder’s option, into shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a conversion price equal to $0.0001 per share.
BD1 Convertible Note
During September 2020, a number of the Company’s investors entered into assignment agreements to sell their existing debt to BD1. Refer to Notes 10, 11, and 12, for more information. The assignments transferred ownership of the following debts:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On December 18, 2020,2022, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement (“BD1 Exchange Agreement”) with BD1, who had previously acquired all$6,252,000 of the Company’sprincipal of existing outstanding unsecured notes (other than notes held by GIdebt and Crowdex)$1,145,000 of accrued interest from the original note holders as listed above.
a number of investors. Pursuant to the terms of the BD1 Exchange Agreement, BD1 agreed to surrender and exchange all of its outstanding promissory notes with principal balances of approximately $10.4$10.4 million (including accrued interest and default penalties). In exchange, the Company issued to BD1 two 2 unsecured convertible notes with an aggregate principal amount of $10,500,000$10,500,000 (“BD1 Exchange Notes”). The BD1 Exchange Notes do not bear any interest, and will mature on December 18, 2025.2025. BD1 has the right, at any time until the BD1 Exchange Notes are fully paid, to convert any outstanding and unpaid principal into shares of Common Stock at a fixed conversion price equal to $0.0001$100 per share. Accordingly, the Company would issue 105,000,000,000 shares of Common Stock upon a full conversion of the BD1 Exchange Notes. As of January 1, 2022, the outstanding principal balance was $9,900,000.
NOTE 13. DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES
| F-18 |
The following table is a summary ofCompany accreted the derivative liability activity for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
Derivative Liability Balance as of December 31, 2018 |
| $ | 10,114,452 |
|
Additional derivative liability on new notes |
|
| 4,507,380 |
|
Change in fair value of derivative liability |
|
| (6,196,026 | ) |
Liability extinguished |
|
| (708,656 | ) |
Derivative Liability Balance as of December 31, 2019 |
|
| 7,717,150 |
|
Additional derivative liability on new notes |
|
| 447,903 |
|
Change in fair value of derivative liability |
|
| (2,861,069 | ) |
Derivative Liability Balance as of December 31, 2020 |
| $ | 5,303,984 |
|
Convertible Notes Assigned to BD1
The convertible notes that were assigned to BD1 in September 2020, further described above in Notes 10 and 12, were exchanged for new notes as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. Prior to the exchange, pursuant to a number of factors outlined in ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, the conversion options in the notes were deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. As such, the Company ascertained the value of the conversion option as if separate from the convertible issuance and appropriately recorded that value as a derivative liability. The fair value measurements rely primarily on Company-specific inputs and the Company’s own assumptions. With the absence of observable inputs, the Company determined these recurring fair value measurements reside primarily within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The derivative associated with the notes approximates management’s estimate of the fair value of the embedded derivative liability based on using a Monte Carlo simulation following a Geometric Brownian Motion with the following assumptions identified below.
F-25
At December 31, 2019, the aggregate derivative liability associated with these notes was $5,706,175. This value was derived from Management’s fair value assessment using the following assumptions: annual volatility range of 42% to 46%, present value discount rate of 12%, and a dividend yield of 0%.
During the first three quarters of 2020, pursuant to ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, Management conducted quarterly fair value assessments of the embedded derivatives associated with these notes. Engaging the services of a firm specializing in these valuations, it was determined that a rational investor would not convert the notes, and would not expect to do so in the foreseeable future. The Company had reported doubt as to its ability to continue as a going concern since 2015. The Company scaled down operations and did not expect to ramp up until significant financing could be obtained and has been operating under these conditions for some time already, continuously chasing funding to continue operations. Circumstances shifted in late 2019 and early 2020, making fundraising and continuing operations more difficult, thereby reducing liquidity and attractiveness of the common stock. These new circumstances made it clear to current and prospective investors that the Company would either file bankruptcy or restructure with a strategic investor. Accordingly, as of the valuation date, conversion of a debt instrument into common stock that cannot be sold in the marketplace would put the holder in a far less secure position compared to holding the instrument as debt. As a result of the fair value assessments, the Company recorded an aggregate net gain of $5,706,175 for the year ended December 31, 2020, as “Change in fair value of derivatives and gain/loss on extinguishment of liabilities, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations to properly reflect that the value of the embedded derivative had been eliminated in 2020.
Convertible Notes held by Global Ichiban
In connection with the convertible notes held by Global, further described above in Note 10, pursuant to a number of factors outlined in ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, the conversion options in the notes were deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. As such, the Company ascertained the value of the conversion option as if separate from the convertible issuance and appropriately recorded that value as a derivative liability. The fair value measurements rely primarily on Company-specific inputs and the Company’s own assumptions. With the absence of observable inputs, the Company determined these recurring fair value measurements reside primarily within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The derivative associated with the notes approximates management’s estimate of the fair value of the embedded derivative liability based on using a Monte Carlo simulation following a Geometric Brownian Motion with the following assumptions identified below.
At December 31, 2019, the aggregate derivative liability associated with these notes was $2,010,975. This value was derived from Management’s fair value assessment using the following assumptions: annual volatility of 46%, present value discount rate of 12%, and a dividend yield of 0%.
The conversion option in the GI Exchange Note was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. As such, the Company ascertained the value of the conversion option as if separate from the convertible issuance based on the following assumptions: annual volatility of 49%, expectedremaining principal to interest rate of 1.52%, and a dividend yield of 0%, and appropriately recorded that value as a derivative liability. At September 9, 2020, the derivative liability associated with the Global note was $447,903. The fair value of the derivative was recorded as a debt discount and will be charged to interestexpense, ratably, over the life of the note.
On January 3, 2022, BD1 assigned $1,000,000 of its convertible notes to Fleur Capital Pte Ltd (“Fleur”). On January 21, 2022, BD1 assigned $1,000,000 of its convertible notes to Nanyang . The derivative liability associatedaggregate remaining principal balance held by BD1 after these assignments was $7,900,000. On February 1, 2022, BD1 converted all of their remaining $7,900,000 aggregate outstanding principal amount into shares of common stock. The remaining discount of approximately $1,721,000 was charged to interest expense upon conversion.
Nanyang Convertible Note
Prior to January 1, 2022, Nanyang acquired $500,000 of the BD1 Exchange Notes from BD1 with the note is subject to revaluation on a quarterly basis to reflect the market value changesame terms. On January 21, 2022, as discussed above, BD1 assigned an additional $1,000,000 of the embedded conversion option. Management assessedBD1 Convertible Notes to Nanyang with the fair value optionsame terms. On February 2, 2022, Nanyang converted $600,000 of this embedded derivative, astheir convertible notes into shares of December 31, 2020, usingcommon stock. The associated discount on the following assumptions: annual volatility of 62%, and a dividend yield of 0%. As a resultconverted portion of the fair value assessments,notes of approximately $133,000 was charged to interest expense.
In July 2022, the Company recorded an aggregate net lossand Nanyang agreed to waive the cap on securities beneficially owned by Nanyang and its affiliates. On July 11, 2022, Nanyang converted all of $2,845,106 fortheir remaining $900,000 balance of their convertible notes into shares of common stock. The remaining associated discount of approximately $176,000 on the year ended December 31, 2020,note was charged to interest expense.
Fleur Convertible Note
On January 21, 2022, as “Change in fair value of derivatives and gain/loss on extinguishment of liabilities, net” in the Consolidated Statement of Operations to properly reflect that the valuediscussed above, BD1 assigned $1,000,000 of the embedded derivativeBD1 Convertible Notes to Fleur with the same terms. On February 2, 2022, Fleur converted $700,000 of $5,303,984 astheir convertible notes into shares of December 31, 2020.
NOTE 14. SERIES A PREFERRED STOCKcommon stock. The associated discount on the converted portion of the notes of approximately $155,000 was charged to interest expense.
In June 2013,July 2022, the Company and Fleur agreed to waive the cap on securities beneficially owned by Fleur. On July 11, 2022, Fleur converted all of their remaining $300,000 balance of their convertible notes into shares of common stock. The remaining associated discount of approximately $59,000 on the note was charged to interest expense.
Sabby / L1 Convertible Note
On December 19, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase AgreementContract (the “Purchase Contract”) with two institutional investors (each, an investor“Investor” and collectively, the “Investors”) for the issuance of $12,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes, for a purchase price of $11,250,000 in cash, net of an original issuance discount of $1,250,000 (the “Registered Advance Notes”), which matures in 18 months, bears 4.5% interest per annum, payable, at the option of the Company, in kind or in cash, subject to sell an aggregatecertain conditions, and is convertible, at the option of $750,000the holders from time to time, into shares of Series A Preferredthe Company’s Common Stock, or repayable in cash at maturity.
Under the Purchase Contract, in a concurrent private placement (the “Private Placement”), the Company issued to the Investors an additional $2,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes, for a purchase price of $2,250,000 in cash, net of an original issuance discount of $250,000 (the “Private Placement Advance Notes” and, together with the Registered Advance Notes, the “Advance Notes”), which matures in 18 months, bears 4.5% interest per annum, payable, at the option of the Company, in kind or in cash, subject to certain conditions, and is convertible, at the option of the holders from time to time, into shares of the Company’s Common Stock, or repayable in cash at maturity.
The Advanced Notes are secured by a pledge of all assets of the Company pursuant to a Security Agreement, dated as of December 19, 2022. The Investors can converted the Advanced Notes into shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a conversion price, which is equal to the lower of $8.00 per share, resulting(1) a 30% premium to the average of the five most recent daily volume weighted average price (“VWAPs”) of the Common Stock as measured on the day prior to the issuance of the Registered Advance Notes (the “Fixed Conversion Price”) and (2) 92.5% of the three lowest VWAPs of the Common Stock on the 10 trading days preceding delivery of a Conversion Notice by an Investor. The conversion price cannot be less than $114 if required in accordance with the rules and regulations of Nasdaq. An Investor (together with its affiliates) may not convert any portion of such Investor’s Advance Notes to the extent that the Investor would beneficially own more than of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock after conversion, except that upon at least 61 days prior notice from the Investor to the Company, the Investor may increase the maximum amount of its beneficial ownership of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock after converting the holder’s Advance Notes to up to of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the conversion.
| F-19 |
Additionally, the Investors have the option to require early prepayment of the principal amount of the Registered Advance Notes in cash from up to 30% of the gross proceeds of $6.0 million. Thisany subsequent issuance by the Company, for cash, of shares of the Company’s Common Stock or convertible securities, or any combination of units thereof. The Company, pursuant to the terms in the Purchase Contract, 210 days after the date of the Purchase Contract, may request that one of the Investors (the “Additional Advance Notes Investor”) acquire from the Company for a purchase agreement includedprice equal to 90% of the principal amounts thereof, additional Advance Notes (the “Additional Advance Notes”) to be issued in a registered direct offering in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $1,000,000 (or, with the consent of the Additional Advance Notes Investor, $2,000,000) in any given month, up to an aggregate principal amount of $35,000,000 of Additional Advance Notes, provided, however, that no more than one Additional Advance Note may be issued during any 30-day period.
The Company also issued to the Investors warrants to purchase up to 13,12512,568 shares of Common Stock (the “Warrants”), which have a five-year term and an exercise price of $786 per share, in each case subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms thereof. The Warrants are exercisable for cash. If, at the time the holder exercises any Warrants, a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of Common Stock underlying the Warrants is not then effective or available for the issuance of such shares, then the Warrants may be net exercised on a cashless basis according to a formula set forth in the Warrants.
On December 19, 2022, the Company received $13,500,000 of gross proceeds from the Investors. The $13,500,000 was allocated between the Advanced Notes and Warrants purchased based on the relative fair value of these instruments. The fair value of the Advanced Notes was estimated as the proceeds received and the fair value of the Warrants was determined using the Black Scholes model using the following inputs and are both considered to be Level 2 inputs on the fair value hierarchy:
| Schedule of fair value of warrants | ||||
| Warrants | ||||
| Expected stock price volatility | 129.5 | % | ||
| Dividend yield | 0 | % | ||
| Risk-free interest rate | 3.7 | % | ||
| Expected life of the warrants (in years) | 2.5 | |||
Additionally, the Company determined the conversion feature was beneficial to the Investors at the date of issuance. The Company allocated a portion of the proceeds to the beneficial conversion feature ("BCF") based on its intrinsic value. The Company then allocated transaction costs based on these allocations resulting in the following allocation of proceeds:
| Summary of allocation of proceeds | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal Amount | Allocation | Original Note Discount | Transaction Costs | Net Amount | ||||||||||||||||
| Convertible Debt | $ | 15,000,000 | $ | (7,480,058 | ) | $ | (1,500,000 | ) | $ | (930,678 | ) | $ | 5,089,264 | |||||||
| Warrants | — | 2,990,029 | — | (462,256 | ) | 2,527,773 | ||||||||||||||
| BCF | — | 4,490,029 | — | (694,155 | ) | 3,795,874 | ||||||||||||||
| $ | 15,000,000 | $ | — | $ | (1,500,000 | ) | $ | (2,087,089 | ) | $ | 11,412,911 | |||||||||
On March 29, 2023 and on April 12, 2023, the Company and each of the Investors amended the agreements (the “Amendment”), to waive the event of default, provide a prepayment schedule for the Advance Notes held by each of the Investors, and reduce the floor price to $40. After giving effect to the Amendment, the Advance Notes will be prepaid by the Company in cash on the following dates and in the following aggregate amounts, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Advance Notes to be prepaid plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon (if any). The Company’s failure to comply with the terms of the Amendment would constitute an “Event of Default” under the Advance Notes.
| Summary of convertible notes prepayment | |||
| Prepayment Date | Aggregate | ||
| April 3, 2023 | $ | 333,333 | |
| April 13, 2023 | 333,333 | ||
| May 18, 2023 | 666,667 | ||
| June 19, 2023 | 666,667 | ||
| $ | 2,000,000 | ||
On May 22, 2023, the Investors and the Company agreed to defer for 90 days each of the two prepayments of $666,667 that were scheduled for May 18, 2023 and June 19, 2023. Accordingly, (i) the May 18, 2023 payment was deferred until August 16, 2023, and (ii) the June 19, 2023 payment was delayed until September 17, 2023.
On May 25, 2023, the Company and each of the Investors entered into a Waiver and Amendment Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) relating to the Securities Purchase Contract and the Advance Notes. Pursuant to the Second Amendment, the Company and each of the Investors agreed to amend the Advance Notes to provide that if the Company receives a Notice of Conversion at a time that the Conversion Price (or, as applicable, the Alternative Conversion Price) then in effect Price, without regard to the Floor Price (the “Applicable Conversion Price”), is less than the Floor Price then in effect, the Company shall issue a number of shares equal to the Conversion Amount divided by such Floor Price and, at its election (x) pay the economic difference between the Applicable Conversion Price and such Floor Price (the “Outstanding Conversion Amount”) in cash at such time or (y) pay the Outstanding Conversion Amount following the consummation of a reverse stock split by the Company (1) in cash or (2) by issuing to the Holder a number of shares of Common Stock with an aggregate value equal to the Outstanding Conversion Amount, with the value per share of Common Stock for purposes of such calculation equal to (i) if such shares are issued on or prior to August 23, 2023, the daily VWAP of the Common Stock on the Trading Day following the date of the consummation of such reverse stock split or (ii) if such shares are issued after August 23, 2023, 90% of the daily VWAP of the Common Stock on the Trading Day following the date of the consummation of such reverse stock split. The Company records the Outstanding Conversion Amounts as Conversions Payable on the Balance Sheets.
| F-20 |
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company settled $14.5 million 14,486,232 of principal as follows:
| Summary of settlement of debt | ||||
| Principal Settled | ||||
| Principal converted into stock | $ | 6,990,269 | ||
| Principal converted into conversions payable | 6,470,540 | |||
| Cash Payments | 1,025,423 | |||
| Total Principal Settled | $ | 14,486,232 | ||
On December 1, 2023, the Company and each of the Investors agreed that future stock payments of existing conversion payable liabilities will be at an issue price of 100% of the VWAP of the Common Stock on the conversion date, but the conversion price may not be less than the revised Floor Price of $0.65. The Conversion payable activity for the year ended December 31, 2023 was as follows:
| Summary of conversion payable activity | ||||
| Conversions payable | ||||
| Balance at January 1, 2023 | $ | — | ||
| Additions to conversions payable | 6,470,540 | |||
| Cash payments | (5,211,738 | ) | ||
| Conversions payable settled in stock | (169,642 | ) | ||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | 1,089,160 | ||
During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company issued and shares of common stock, respectively, under the Securities Purchase Contract. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized $4,077,510 in accelerated discounts in Additional Paid-in Capital on the Statements of the Company. Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Deficit).
The transfer of cash and securities took place incrementally, the first closing occurring on June 17, 2013 with the transfer of 125,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and a warrantSecurities Purchase Contract also included certain warrants to purchase 2,187up to 12,567 shares of common stock (the "Warrants"). The Warrants were issued with an exercise price equal to $786 per share, subject to certain adjustments in certain events, including the future issuance by the Company of securities with a purchase or conversion, exercise or exchange price that is less than the exercise price of the Warrants then in effect at any time.
On April 14, 2023 the Company entered a securities purchase agreement (“SPA”) with Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund (“Lucro”) for $1.0 million.an approximate $9 million private placement (the “Private Placement”) of an aggregate of shares of the Company’s Common Stock. The final closings took placeper share purchase price for the Shares was $ per share. The terms of the SPA with Lucro triggered certain adjustments to the Advance Notes and the Warrants in August 2013,accordance with the transferexisting terms of 625,000the outstanding Advance Notes and the outstanding Warrants. Following these adjustments:
| 1. | The fixed conversion price of the remaining principal outstanding on the Advance Notes was lowered to $73.22 per share of Common Stock; |
| 2. | The exercise price of the outstanding Warrants was lowered to $73.22 per share of Common Stock; and |
| 3. | The number of shares that the Warrants are exercisable for increased from 12,567 to 134,904 shares of Common Stock. |
On June 29, 2023 the Company entered a securities purchase agreement (“Series 1B SPA”) with accredited investors (the "Accredited Investors") for the private placement of $900,000 for shares of the Company’s newly designated Series A1B Convertible Preferred Stock and a warrant to purchase 10,938 shares(“Series 1B Preferred Stock”) (Note 13). Shares of the Series 1B Preferred Stock are convertible at the option of the holder into common stock at an initial conversion price of equal to $28.00 per share.
The terms of the Series 1B SPA triggered certain further adjustments to the Advance Notes and the Warrants in accordance with the existing terms of the outstanding Advance Notes and the outstanding Warrants. Following these further adjustments in June 2023:
| 1. | The fixed conversion price of the remaining principal outstanding on the Advance Notes was lowered to $25.36 per share of Common Stock; |
| 2. | The exercise price of the outstanding Warrants was lowered to $25.36 per share of Common Stock; and |
| 3. | The number of shares that the Warrants are exercisable for increased from 134,904 to 389,500 shares of Common Stock. |
On September 28, 2023, the Company entered into a placement agency agreement (the “Placement Agent Agreement”) with Dawson James Securities Inc. (“Dawson James”) pursuant to which the Company engaged Dawson James as the placement agent for $5.0 million.a registered public offering by the Company (the “Offering”), of an aggregate of units (“Units”) at a price of $ per Unit, for gross proceeds of approximately $10.3 million, before deducting offering expenses.
F-26
| F-21 |
The terms of the Offering triggered certain further adjustments to the Advance Notes and the Warrants in accordance with the existing terms of the outstanding Advance Notes and the outstanding Warrants. Following these further adjustments in October 2023:
| 1. | The fixed conversion price of the approximately then outstanding $400,000 principal amount currently outstanding Advance Notes has been lowered to $1.76 per share of Common Stock; |
| 2. | The exercise price of the outstanding Warrants has been lowered to $1.76 per share of Common Stock; and |
| 3. | The number of shares that the Warrants are exercisable for has been increased from 389,500 to 5,596,232 shares of Common Stock. |
Pursuant to ASC 260, Earnings per Share, the Company recorded a deemed dividend for the down round adjustments of $17,980,678 which reduced income available to common shareholders in the Company's earnings per share calculations.
The discount on the note is recorded as interest expense ratably over the term of the note. Interest payable on the Advance Notes, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 was approximately $29,900 and $22,100, respectively. The Company recognized $301,700 and $22,100 in interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively and recognized $1,809,000 and $286,200 as interest expense for the amortization of the discount for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
NOTE 11. SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK
Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to cumulative dividends at a rate of 8% per annum when and if declared by the Board of Directors inat its sole discretion. The dividends may be paid in cash or in the form of common stock (valued at 10% below market price, but not to exceed the lowest closing price during the applicable measurement period), at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The dividend rate on the Series A Preferred Stock is indexed to the Company's stock price and subject to adjustment. In addition, the Series A Preferred Stock contains a make-whole provision whereby, conversion or redemption of the preferred stock within 4 years of issuance will require dividends for the full four year period to be paid by the Company in cash or common stock (valued at 10% below market price, but not to exceed the lowest closing price during the applicable measurement period). This make-whole provision expired in June 2017.
The Series A Preferred Stock may be converted into shares of common stock at the option of the Company if the closing price of the common stock exceeds $232,$ million, as adjusted, for twenty consecutive trading days, or by the holder at any time. The Company has the right to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock at a price of $8.00$ per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, plus the make-whole amount (if applicable).dividends. At December 31, 2020,2023, the preferred shares were not eligible for conversion to common shares at the option of the Company. The holder of the preferred shares may convert to common shares at any time, at no cost, at a ratio of 1 preferred share into 1 common share (subject to standard ratable anti-dilution adjustments). Upon any conversion (whether attime. After making adjustment for the option of the Company or the holder), the holder is entitled to receive any accrued but unpaid dividends.
On October 6, 2016, theCompany’s prior reverse stock splits, all outstanding Series A Holder entered into an exchange agreement with a private investor. Pursuant to the exchange agreement, beginning December 5, 2016, the investor has the option to exchange, from time to time, all or any portion of the October 2016 Convertible Notes (see Note 12) for outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock from the Series A Holder.
Except as otherwise required by law (or with respect to approval of certain actions), the Series A Preferred Stock shall have no voting rights. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, after payment or provision for payment of debts and other liabilities of the Company, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, pari passu with any distribution to the holders of common stock of the Company, an amount equal to $8.00 per share of Series A Preferred Stock plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.
As of December 31, 2020, there were 48,100 shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding and accrued and unpaid dividends of $367,965.
NOTE 15. SERIES 1A PREFERRED STOCK
Series 1A Preferred Stock – Tranche 1 Closing
On September 22, 2020, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (“Series 1A SPA”) with Crowdex, for the private placement of up to $5,000,000 of the Company’s newly designated Series 1A Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series 1A Preferred Stock”).
The Company sold 2,000 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to Crowdex in exchange for $2,000,000 of gross proceeds at an initial closing under the Series 1A SPA on September 22, 2020.
In November 2020, Crowdex converted 1,200 shares of outstanding Series 1A Preferred Stock into 12,000,000,000 shares of Common Stock.
On December 31, 2020 the Company sold 500 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to Crowdex in exchange for the cancellation of the Crowdex Note issued on November 27, 2020. There were no additional cash proceeds from this closing.
NOTE 16. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Common Stock
At December 31, 2020, the Company had 20.0 billion shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value, authorized for issuance. Each share of common stock has the right to 1 vote. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had 18,102,583,473 shares of common stock outstanding. The Company has not declared or paid any dividends related to the common stock through December 31, 2020.
F-27
Preferred Stock
At December 31, 2020, the Company had 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, authorized for issuance. Preferred stock may be issued in classes or series. Designations, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions are determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. The following table summarizes the designations, shares authorized, and shares outstanding for the Company's Preferred Stock:
Preferred Stock Series Designation |
| Shares Authorized |
|
| Shares Outstanding |
| ||
Series A |
|
| 750,000 |
|
|
| 48,100 |
|
Series 1A |
|
| 5,000 |
|
|
| 1,300 |
|
Series B-1 |
|
| 2,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series B-2 |
|
| 1,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series C |
|
| 1,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series D |
|
| 3,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series D-1 |
|
| 2,500 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series E |
|
| 2,800 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series F |
|
| 7,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series G |
|
| 2,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series H |
|
| 2,500 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series I |
|
| 1,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series J |
|
| 1,350 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series J-1 |
|
| 1,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series K |
|
| 20,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
|
Series A Preferred Stock
Refer to Note 14 for Series A Preferred Stock activity.
Series 1A Preferred Stock
Refer to Note 15 for Series 1A Preferred Stock activity.
Series B-1, B-2, C, D, D-1, E, F, G, H, I, J, J-1, and K Preferred Stock
There were no transactions involving the Series B-1, B-2, C, D, D-1, E, G, H, I, J, J-1, or K during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
NOTE 17. EQUITY PLANS AND SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Share-Based Compensation: The Company measures share-based compensation cost at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and recognizes this cost as an expense over the grant recipients’ requisite service periods for all awards made to employees, officers, directors and consultants.
The share-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations was as follows:
|
| For the Year Ended December 31, |
| |||||
|
|
| 2020 |
|
|
| 2019 |
|
Research and development |
| $ | — |
|
| $ | — |
|
Selling, general and administrative |
|
| — |
|
|
| 21,000 |
|
Total share-based compensation cost |
| $ | — |
|
| $ | 21,000 |
|
Stock Options: There was 0 expense recorded for the year ended December 31, 2020 related to stock option awards. The Company recognized share-based compensation expense for stock options of $21,000 to officers, directors and
F-28
employees for year ended December 31, 2019 related to stock option awards, reduced for forfeitures. There were 0 option grants during the year ended December 31, 2020 or 2019.
As of December 31, 2020, there were 0 unvested stock options. As of December 31, 2020, 97 shares were vested, and 120 shares remained available for future grants under the Option Plan.
The following table summarizes stock option activity within the Stock Option Plan:
|
| Stock Option Shares |
|
| Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life in Years | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 |
|
| 110 |
|
| 5.18 |
Granted |
|
| 0 |
|
|
|
Exercised |
|
| 0 |
|
|
|
Canceled |
|
| (13 | ) |
|
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2019 |
|
| 97 |
|
| 5.18 |
Granted |
|
| 0 |
|
|
|
Exercised |
|
| 0 |
|
|
|
Canceled |
|
| — |
|
|
|
Outstanding and Exercisable at December 31, 2020 |
|
| 97 |
|
| 4.43 |
Restricted Stock: The Company did 0t recognize share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock grants for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. There were 0 restricted stock grants for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
As of December 31, 2020, there was 0 unrecognized share-based compensation expense from unvested restricted stock, 0 shares were expected to vest in the future, and 496 shares remained available for future grants under the Restricted Stock Plan.
NOTE 18. PAYCHECK PROTECTION PROGRAM LOAN
On April 17, 2020, the Company obtained a PPP Loan from Vectra Bank Colorado (“Vectra”) in the aggregate amount of $193,200, which was established under the CARES Act, as administered by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”). Under the terms of the CARES Act and the PPP, all or a portion of the principal amount of the PPP Loan is subject to forgiveness so long as, over the 24-week period following the Company’s receipt of the proceeds of the PPP Loan, the company uses those proceeds for payroll costs, rent, utility costs or the maintenance of employee and compensation levels. The PPP Loan is unsecured, guaranteed by the SBA, and has a two year term, maturing on April 17, 2022. Interest accrues on the loan beginning with the initial disbursement; however, payments of principal and interest are deferred until Vectra’s determination of the amount of forgiveness applied for by the Company is approved by the SBA. If the Company does not apply for forgiveness within 10 months after the last day of the covered period (defined, at the Company’s election as 24 weeks), such payments will be due that month.
The terms of the PPP loan provide for customary events of default including, among other things, payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, and insolvency events.
The Company plans to apply for forgiveness of the PPP Loan in the second quarter of 2021.
The PPP Loan is subject to any new guidance and new requirements released by the Department of the Treasury.
At December 31, 2020 the outstanding principal and accrued interest balance of the PPP Loan was $193,200 and $1,366, respectively.
F-29
NOTE 19. INCOME TAXES
The Company records income taxes using the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and are computed for the expected future impact of temporary differences between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using current income tax rates and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carryforwards. ASC 740 provides detailed guidance for the financial statement recognition, measurement and disclosure of uncertain tax positions recognized in the financial statements. Tax positions must meet a “more-likely-than-not” recognition threshold before a benefit is recognized in the financial statements.
At December 31, 2020, the Company had $233.6 million of cumulative net operating loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes that were available to offset future taxable income through the year 2037. At December 31, 2020, the Company had $58.1 million of cumulative net operating loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes that were available to offset future taxable income indefinitely. Under the Internal Revenue Code, the future utilization of net operating losses may be limited in certain circumstances where there is a significant ownership change. The Company prepared an analysis for the year ended December 31, 2012 and determined that a significant change in ownership had occurred as a result of the cumulative effect of the sales of common stock through its offerings. Such change limited the Company's utilizable net operating loss carryforwards to $291.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Available net operating loss carryforwards may be further limited in the event of another significant ownership change.
Deferred income taxes reflect an estimate of the cumulative temporary differences recognized for financial reporting purposes from that recognized for income tax reporting purposes. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the components of these temporary differences and the deferred tax asset were as follows:
|
| As of December 31, |
| |||||
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2019 |
| ||
Deferred Tax Asset |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued Expenses |
| $ | 22,000 |
|
| $ | 14,000 |
|
Inventory Allowance |
|
| 137,000 |
|
|
| 134,000 |
|
Other |
|
| 10,000 |
|
|
| 11,000 |
|
Operating Lease Liability |
|
| 1,183,000 |
|
|
| — |
|
Stock Based Compensation-Stock Options and Restricted Stock |
|
| — |
|
|
| 951,000 |
|
Tax effect of NOL carryforward |
|
| 72,307,000 |
|
|
| 68,886,000 |
|
Depreciation |
|
| 355,000 |
|
|
| 3,736,000 |
|
Warranty reserve |
|
| 3,000 |
|
|
| 6,000 |
|
Gross Deferred Tax Asset |
|
| 74,017,000 |
|
|
| 73,738,000 |
|
Valuation Allowance |
|
| (72,555,000 | ) |
|
| (73,552,000 | ) |
Net Deferred Tax Asset |
| $ | 1,462,000 |
|
| $ | 186,000 |
|
Operating lease right-of-use asset, net |
|
| (1,287,000 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Amortization |
|
| (175,000 | ) |
|
| (186,000 | ) |
Net Deferred Tax Liability |
| $ | (1,462,000 | ) |
| $ | (186,000 | ) |
Total |
|
| — |
|
|
| — |
|
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based upon the level of historical losses and projections of future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible, management believes it is not more-likely-than-not that the Company will realize the benefits of these deductible differences at December 31, 2020. The Company's deferred tax valuation allowance of $72.6 million reflected above is a decrease of $1 million from the valuation allowance reflected as of December 31, 2019 of $73.6 million.
As of December 31, 2019, the Company has 0t recorded a liability for uncertain tax positions. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax (benefit)/expense. NaN interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions were accrued at December 31, 2020.
F-30
The Company's effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 differs from the statutory rate due to the following (expressed as a percentage of pre-tax income):
|
| 2020 |
|
|
| 2019 |
|
| ||
Federal statutory rate |
|
| 21.0 |
| % |
|
| 21.0 |
| % |
State statutory rate |
|
| 6.9 |
| % |
|
| 4.1 |
| % |
Change in rate |
|
| — |
| % |
|
| (11.0 | ) | % |
Permanent tax differences |
|
| 3.7 |
| % |
|
| (0.3 | ) | % |
Derivative/Warrant Revaluation |
|
| (30.9 | ) | % |
|
| 26.7 |
| % |
Debt Discount |
|
| 1.6 |
| % |
|
| (0.7 | ) | % |
Loss on Extinguishment of Liabilities |
|
| — |
| % |
|
| — |
| % |
Deferred true-ups |
|
| 48.9 |
| % |
|
| (7.3 | ) | % |
Other |
|
| — |
| % |
|
| — |
| % |
Change in valuation allowance |
|
| (51.2 | ) | % |
|
| (32.5 | ) | % |
|
|
| — |
| % |
|
| — |
| % |
NOTE 20. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
In May 2019, the Company’s former law firm filed suit against the Company in District Court in Adams County Colorado in an effort to collect approximately $1.2 million of unpaid fees (and related interest charges). On September 11, 2020, the Company entered into a settlement agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) with its former law firm. Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, the Company paid $120,000 on September 23, 2020 as the full and final settlement of all amounts owed between the parties. Following such payment, a satisfaction of an existing judgment in favor of such law firm was filed in Adams County Colorado.
On July 29, 2020, the Company’s owned facility at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, CO 80241 (the “Building”) was foreclosed by the Building’s first lien holder (“Mortgage Holder”) and sold at public auction. The successful bidder for the Building was the Mortgage Holder, at the price of $7.193 million. As a result, the Company’s obligations to Mortgage Holder and all of the Company’s outstanding real property taxes on the Building were considered fully repaid.
The Company is subject to various legal proceedings, both asserted and unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome of such legal proceedings or in certain instances provide reasonable ranges of potential losses. However, as of the date of this report, the Company believes that none of these claims will have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position or results of operations. In the event of unexpected subsequent developments and given the inherent unpredictability of these legal proceedings, there can be no assurance that the Company’s assessment of any claim will reflect the ultimate outcome, and an adverse outcome in certain matters could, from time to time, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations in particular quarterly or annual periods.
NOTE 21. RETIREMENT PLAN
On July 1, 2006, the Company adopted a qualified 401(k) plan which provides retirement benefits for all of its eligible employees. Under the plan, employees become eligible to participate at the first entry date, provided they are at least 21 years of age. The participants may elect through salary reduction to contribute up to ceilings established in the Internal Revenue Code. The Company will match 100% of the first 6 percent of employee contributions. In addition, the Company may make discretionary contributions to the Plan as determined by the Board of Directors. Employees are immediately vested in all salary reduction contributions. Rights to benefits provided by the Company’s discretionary and matching contributions vest 100% after the first year of service for all employees hired before January 1, 2010. For employees hired after December 31, 2009, matching contributions vest over a three-year period, one-third per year. There were 0 payments for 401(k) matching in the year ended December 31, 2020, and there were $37,000 in payments for 401(k) matching for the year ended December 31, 2019. Payments for 401(k) matching are recorded under “Research, development and manufacturing operations” expense and “Selling, general and administrative” expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
F-31
NOTE 22. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company was in a dormant status for most of 2020 due to financial constraints as well as delays in reorganization and fund-raising efforts due to the impact of COVID-19. Below is the sequence of events subsequent to December 31, 2020 through the Audit Report date of May 13, 2021:
Series 1A Preferred Stock – Tranche 2 Closing
On January 4, 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (“Series 1ATranche 2 SPA”) with TubeSolar AG, a developer of photovoltaic thin-film tubes to enable additional application opportunities in solar power generation compared to conventional solar modules (“TubeSolar”). Pursuant to the Series 1A Tranche 2 SPA, the Company sold 2,500 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to TubeSolar and received $2,500,000 of gross proceeds on January 5, 2021. There are no registration rights applicable to the Series 1A Preferred Stock.
Common Stock Purchase Agreement
On March 4, 2021, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement with Baybridge Capital Fund, LP, a private investor (“BBCF”) for the placement of 75,000,000 (pre reverse stock split) shares of the Company’s Common Stock (the “Shares”) at a fixed price of $0.04 (pre reverse stock split) per share. On March 9, 2021, the Company sold the Shares to BBCF in exchange for $3,000,000 of gross proceeds.
Global Ichiban Settlement Agreement
On March 9, 2021, the Company entered into a settlement agreement (“Settlement”) with our current secured promissory note holder, Global Ichiban Limited (“Global”). Pursuant to the Settlement, the Company issued 168,000,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company (“Settlement Shares”) to Global in exchange for the cancellation of the outstanding secured promissory note of $5,800,000 (the “Secured Note”). The Secured Note, which was originally scheduled to mature on September 30, 2022, had a variable-rate conversion feature that entitled Global to convert into shares of Common Stock of the Company at 80% of the 5-day average closing bid-price prior to any conversion. The Secured Note also had a lien on substantially all of the Company’s assets including intellectual properties. Following the Settlement, the lien shall be removed and all of the Company’s assets shall be unencumbered going forward.
F-32
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(unaudited)
|
| September 30, |
|
| December 31, |
| ||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| ||
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
| $ | 4,281,094 |
|
| $ | 167,725 |
|
Trade receivables, net of allowance of $26,000 and $45,833, respectively |
|
| 3,971 |
|
|
| 5,539 |
|
Inventories, net |
|
| 615,674 |
|
|
| 534,431 |
|
Prepaid and other current assets |
|
| 189,730 |
|
|
| 71,575 |
|
Total current assets |
|
| 5,090,469 |
|
|
| 779,270 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property, Plant and Equipment: |
|
| 24,148,192 |
|
|
| 24,867,176 |
|
Accumulated depreciation |
|
| (23,964,362 | ) |
|
| (24,848,408 | ) |
Property, Plant and Equipment, net |
|
| 183,830 |
|
|
| 18,768 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net |
|
| 5,150,718 |
|
|
| 5,633,663 |
|
Patents, net of accumulated amortization of $495,745 and $467,102, respectively |
|
| 393,545 |
|
|
| 439,836 |
|
Other non-current assets |
|
| 625,000 |
|
|
| 500,000 |
|
Total Assets |
| $ | 11,443,562 |
|
| $ | 7,371,537 |
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
| $ | 650,720 |
|
| $ | 736,986 |
|
Related party payables |
|
| 45,000 |
|
|
| 135,834 |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
| 1,031,017 |
|
|
| 1,518,212 |
|
Accrued interest |
|
| 479,872 |
|
|
| 438,063 |
|
Notes payable |
|
| 250,000 |
|
|
| 250,000 |
|
Current portion of operating lease liability |
|
| 628,438 |
|
|
| 575,404 |
|
Promissory notes, net |
|
| - |
|
|
| 193,200 |
|
Convertible notes, net |
|
| 250,000 |
|
|
| - |
|
Embedded derivative liability |
|
| - |
|
|
| 5,303,984 |
|
Total current liabilities |
|
| 3,335,047 |
|
|
| 9,151,683 |
|
Long-Term Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-current operating lease liabilities |
|
| 4,698,431 |
|
|
| 5,179,229 |
|
Non-current secured promissory notes, net |
|
| - |
|
|
| 5,405,637 |
|
Non-current convertible notes, net |
|
| 8,006,452 |
|
|
| 7,813,048 |
|
Accrued warranty liability |
|
| 21,225 |
|
|
| 14,143 |
|
Total liabilities |
|
| 16,061,155 |
|
|
| 27,563,740 |
|
Stockholders’ Deficit: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series A preferred stock, $.0001 par value; 750,000 shares authorized; 48,100 and 48,100 shares issued and outstanding, respectively ($789,241 and $752,765 Liquidation Preference, respectively) |
|
| 5 |
|
|
| 5 |
|
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 30,000,000,000 authorized; 19,678,916,809 and 18,102,583,473 shares issued and outstanding, respectively |
|
| 1,967,891 |
|
|
| 1,810,258 |
|
Additional paid in capital |
|
| 417,608,765 |
|
|
| 399,780,319 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
| (424,194,254 | ) |
|
| (421,782,785 | ) |
Total stockholders’ deficit |
|
| (4,617,593 | ) |
|
| (20,192,203 | ) |
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit |
| $ | 11,443,562 |
|
| $ | 7,371,537 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-33
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, |
|
| Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| ||||||||||
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| ||||
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Products | $ | 11,723 |
|
| $ | 6,293 |
|
| $ | 557,369 |
|
| $ | 60,445 |
|
Total Revenues |
| 11,723 |
|
|
| 6,293 |
|
|
| 557,369 |
|
|
| 60,445 |
|
Costs and Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs of revenue |
| 687,885 |
|
|
| 5,528 |
|
|
| 1,184,528 |
|
|
| 101,156 |
|
Research, development and manufacturing operations |
| 1,086,513 |
|
|
| 150,060 |
|
|
| 2,716,395 |
|
|
| 485,592 |
|
Selling, general and administrative |
| 882,641 |
|
|
| 315,660 |
|
|
| 2,244,771 |
|
|
| 505,053 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
| 15,111 |
|
|
| 26,325 |
|
|
| 40,047 |
|
|
| 137,978 |
|
Total Costs and Expenses |
| 2,672,150 |
|
|
| 497,573 |
|
|
| 6,185,741 |
|
|
| 1,229,779 |
|
Loss from Operations |
| (2,660,427 | ) |
|
| (491,280 | ) |
|
| (5,628,372 | ) |
|
| (1,169,334 | ) |
Other Income/(Expense) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income/(expense), net |
| 67,644 |
|
|
| 3,055,366 |
|
|
| 68,443 |
|
|
| 3,314,966 |
|
Interest expense |
| (167,983 | ) |
|
| (963,648 | ) |
|
| (899,533 | ) |
|
| (3,227,112 | ) |
Change in fair value of derivatives and gain/(loss) on extinguishment of liabilities, net |
| 195,852 |
|
|
| 990,183 |
|
|
| 4,047,993 |
|
|
| 8,707,333 |
|
Total Other Income/(Expense) |
| 95,513 |
|
|
| 3,081,901 |
|
|
| 3,216,903 |
|
|
| 8,795,187 |
|
Net Income/(Loss) | $ | (2,564,914 | ) |
| $ | 2,590,621 |
|
| $ | (2,411,469 | ) |
| $ | 7,625,853 |
|
Net Income/(Loss) Per Share (Basic) | $ | (0.00 | ) |
| $ | 0.00 |
|
| $ | (0.00 | ) |
| $ | 0.00 |
|
Net Income/(Loss) Per Share (Diluted) | $ | (0.00 | ) |
| $ | 0.00 |
|
| $ | (0.00 | ) |
| $ | 0.00 |
|
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Basic) |
| 19,074,521,203 |
|
|
| 5,230,490,450 |
|
|
| 18,531,805,287 |
|
|
| 5,053,300,857 |
|
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Diluted) |
| 19,074,521,203 |
|
|
| 66,848,261,292 |
|
|
| 18,531,805,287 |
|
|
| 65,693,072,463 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-34
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
(unaudited)
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
|
| Series A Preferred Stock |
|
| Series 1A Preferred Stock |
|
| Common Stock |
|
| Additional Paid-In |
|
| Accumulated |
|
| Total Stockholders’ Equity |
| ||||||||||||||||||
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Capital |
|
| Deficit |
|
| (Deficit) |
| |||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2020 |
|
| 48,100 |
|
| $ | 5 |
|
|
| 1,300 |
|
| $ | - |
|
|
| 18,102,583,473 |
|
| $ | 1,810,258 |
|
| $ | 399,780,319 |
|
| $ | (421,782,785 | ) |
| $ | (20,192,203 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of Series 1A Preferred Stock |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 2,500 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 2,500,000 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 2,500,000 |
|
Proceeds from issuance of Common Stock |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 75,000,000 |
|
|
| 7,500 |
|
|
| 2,992,500 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 3,000,000 |
|
Conversion of Global Ichiban Note into Common Shares |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 168,000,000 |
|
|
| 16,800 |
|
|
| 5,783,200 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 5,800,000 |
|
Relieved on Conversion of Derivative Liability |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 1,686,079 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 1,686,079 |
|
Net Income |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 153,445 |
|
|
| 153,445 |
|
Balance at June 30, 2021 |
|
| 48,100 |
|
|
| 5 |
|
|
| 3,800 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 18,345,583,473 |
|
|
| 1,834,558 |
|
|
| 412,742,098 |
|
|
| (421,629,340 | ) |
|
| (7,052,679 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of Common Shares |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 333,333,336 |
|
|
| 33,333 |
|
|
| 4,966,667 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 5,000,000 |
|
Conversion of TubeSolar Series 1A Preferred Stock into Common Shares |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| (100 | ) |
|
| - |
|
|
| 1,000,000,000 |
|
|
| 100,000 |
|
|
| (100,000 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Loss |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| (2,564,914 | ) |
|
| (2,564,914 | ) |
Balance at September 30, 2021 |
|
| 48,100 |
|
| $ | 5 |
|
|
| 3,700 |
|
| $ | - |
|
|
| 19,678,916,809 |
|
| $ | 1,967,891 |
|
| $ | 417,608,765 |
|
| $ | (424,194,254 | ) |
| $ | (4,617,593 | ) |
F-35
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
(unaudited)
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
|
| Series A Preferred Stock |
|
| Series 1A Preferred Stock |
|
| Common Stock |
|
| Additional Paid-In |
|
| Accumulated |
|
| Total Stockholders’ Equity |
| ||||||||||||||||||
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Shares |
|
| Amount |
|
| Capital |
|
| Deficit |
|
| (Deficit) |
| |||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2019 |
|
| 48,100 |
|
| $ | 5 |
|
|
| - |
|
| $ | - |
|
|
| 4,759,161,650 |
|
| $ | 475,917 |
|
| $ | 397,817,526 |
|
| $ | (423,400,229 | ) |
| $ | (25,106,781 | ) |
Interest and Dividend Expense paid with Common Stock |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 21,328,800 |
|
|
| 2,132 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 2,132 |
|
Proceeds from issuance of Series 1A Preferred Stock |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 2,000 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 2,000,000 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 2,000,000 |
|
Conversion of Bellridge Note into Common Shares |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 450,000,000 |
|
|
| 45,000 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 45,000 |
|
Net Income |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 5,035,232 |
|
|
| 5,035,232 |
|
Balance at June 30, 2020 |
|
| 48,100 |
|
|
| 5 |
|
|
| 2,000 |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 5,230,490,450 |
|
|
| 523,049 |
|
|
| 399,817,526 |
|
|
| (418,364,997 | ) |
|
| (18,024,417 | ) |
Net Income |
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| - |
|
|
| 2,590,621 |
|
|
| 2,590,621 |
|
Balance at September 30, 2020 |
|
| 48,100 |
|
| $ | 5 |
|
|
| 2,000 |
|
| $ | - |
|
|
| 5,230,490,450 |
|
| $ | 523,049 |
|
| $ | 399,817,526 |
|
| $ | (415,774,376 | ) |
| $ | (15,433,796 | ) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-36
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited)
|
| For the Nine Months Ended |
| |||||
|
| September 30, |
| |||||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| ||
Operating Activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income/(loss) |
| $ | (2,411,469 | ) |
| $ | 7,625,853 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash used in operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
| 40,047 |
|
|
| 137,978 |
|
Operating lease asset amortization |
|
| 482,945 |
|
|
| 28,710 |
|
Realized (gain) on sale and foreclosure of assets |
|
| — |
|
|
| (3,314,966 | ) |
Amortization of deferred financing costs |
|
| — |
|
|
| 2,692 |
|
Non-cash interest expense |
|
| — |
|
|
| 807,368 |
|
Amortization of debt discount |
|
| 837,767 |
|
|
| 1,331,417 |
|
Bad debt expense |
|
| — |
|
|
| (141 | ) |
Warranty reserve |
|
| 7,082 |
|
|
| (7,654 | ) |
Change in fair value of derivatives and gain on extinguishment of liabilities, net |
|
| (4,047,993 | ) |
|
| (8,707,333 | ) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
| 1,568 |
|
|
| (5,608 | ) |
Inventories |
|
| (81,243 | ) |
|
| 23,843 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
| (243,155 | ) |
|
| (283,912 | ) |
Accounts payable |
|
| (86,266 | ) |
|
| (388,113 | ) |
Related party payable |
|
| (90,834 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Operating lease liabilities |
|
| (427,764 | ) |
|
| (16,129 | ) |
Accrued interest |
|
| 44,461 |
|
|
| 1,008,568 |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
| (252,959 | ) |
|
| 283,439 |
|
Net cash (used in) operating activities |
|
| (6,227,813 | ) |
|
| (1,473,988 | ) |
Investing Activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds on sale of assets |
|
| — |
|
|
| 254,600 |
|
Payments on purchase of assets |
|
| (176,466 | ) |
|
| — |
|
Patent activity costs |
|
| 17,648 |
|
|
| (156 | ) |
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |
|
| (158,818 | ) |
|
| 254,444 |
|
Financing Activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repayment of debt |
|
| — |
|
|
| (145,000 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of debt |
|
| — |
|
|
| 443,200 |
|
Proceeds from issuance of stock |
|
| 10,500,000 |
|
|
| 2,000,000 |
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
| 10,500,000 |
|
|
| 2,298,200 |
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
|
| 4,113,369 |
|
|
| 1,078,656 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
|
| 167,725 |
|
|
| — |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
| $ | 4,281,094 |
|
| $ | 1,078,656 |
|
Non-Cash Transactions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-cash conversions of preferred stock and convertible notes to equity |
| $ | 5,800,000 |
|
| $ | 47,132 |
|
Non-cash forgiveness of PPP loan |
| $ | 193,200 |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating lease assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities |
|
|
|
|
| $ | (5,819,489 | ) |
Non-cash mortgage derecognition |
|
|
|
|
| $ | (6,443,897 | ) |
Non-cash property foreclosure |
|
|
|
|
| $ | 6,443,897 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-37
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1. ORGANIZATION
Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Ascent Solar (Asia) Pte. Ltd. (collectively, the “Company") is focusing on integrating its PV products into high value markets such as aerospace, satellites, near earth orbiting vehicles, and fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles (“UAV”). The value proposition of Ascent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in these industries, but also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in these unique markets. Ascent has the capability to design and develop finished products for end users in these areas as well as collaborate with strategic partners to design and develop custom integrated solutions for products like fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap of the needs of end users across some of these industries and can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commercializing products for these customers.
On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a Long-Term Supply and Joint Development Agreement (“JDA”) with TubeSolar AG (“TubeSolar”), a significant existing stakeholder in the Company. Under the terms of the JDA, the Company will produce, and TubeSolar will purchase, thin-film photovoltaic (“PV”) foils (“PV Foils”) for use in TubeSolar’s solar modules for agricultural photovoltaic (“APV”) applications that require solar foils for its production. Under the JDA, the Company will receive up (i) to $4 million of non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) fees, (ii) up to $13.5 million of payments upon achievement of certain agreed production and cost structure milestones, and (iii) product revenues from sales of PV Foils to TubeSolar. The JDA has no fixed term, and may only be terminated by either party for breach. There has been no activity under the JDA as of September 30, 2021.
The Company and TubeSolar have also jointly established a subsidiary company in Germany, in which TubeSolar holds a minority stake of 30% (the “JV”). The purpose of the JV is to establish and operate a PV manufacturing facility in Germany that will produce and deliver PV Foils exclusively to TubeSolar. Until the JV facility is fully operational, PV Foils will be manufactured in the Company’s existing facility in Thornton, Colorado. The parties expect to jointly develop next generation tooling for use in manufacturing PV Foils at the JV facility. The Company is required to purchase 17,500 shares of the JV for 1 Euro per share, which has not been funded as of September 30, 2021. There has been no activity under the JV as of September 30, 2021.
NOTE 2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying, unaudited, condensed consolidated financial statements have been derived from the accounting records of the Company as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, and the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
The accompanying, unaudited, condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes typically found in U.S. GAAP audited annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair statement have been included. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2020 has been derived from the audited financial statements as of that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2021.
NOTE 3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Company’s significant accounting policies were described in Note 3 to the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. There have been no significant changes to our accounting policies as of September 30, 2021.
Derivatives: The Company evaluates its financial instruments under FASB ASC 815, "Derivatives and Hedging" to determine whether the instruments contain an embedded derivative. When an embedded derivative is present, the instrument is evaluated for a fair value adjustment upon issuance and at the end of every reporting period. Any adjustments to fair value are treated as gains and losses in fair values of derivatives and are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
F-38
Refer to Notes 8, 10 and 11 for further discussion on the embedded derivatives of each instrument.
Paycheck Protection Program Loan: The Company has elected to account for the forgivable loan received under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) provisions of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act as a debt instrument and to accrue interest on the outstanding loan balance. Additional interest at a market rate (due to the stated interest rate of the PPP loan being below market) is not imputed, as the transactions where interest rates prescribed by governmental agencies are excluded from the scope of accounting guidance on imputing interest. The proceeds from the loan will remain recorded as a liability until either (1) the loan is, in part or wholly, forgiven and the Company has been legally released or (2) the Company repays the loan to the lender.
Refer to Note 9 for further discussion.
Earnings per Share: Earnings per share (“EPS”) are the amount of earnings attributable to each share of common stock. Basic EPS has been computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Income available to common stockholders has been computed by deducting dividends accumulated for the period on cumulative preferred stock (whether or not earned) from net income. Diluted earnings per share has been computed by dividing net income adjusted on an if-converted basis for the period by the weighted average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common share outstanding (which consist of options and convertible securities using the treasury stock method or the if-converted method, as applicable, to the extent they are dilutive). Approximately 144 billion and 939 billion shares of dilutive shares were excluded from the three and nine months periods ended September 30, 2021 EPS calculation, respectively, as their impact is antidilutive. There were approximately 67 billion and 66 billion shares of dilutive shares for the three and nine months periods ended September 30, 2020, respectively.
.
Recently Adopted or to be Adopted Accounting Policies
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging Contracts in Entity s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity s Own Equity. ASU 2020-06 will simplify the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current U.S. GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation models are (1) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting and (2) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as paid-in capital. ASU 2020-06 also amends the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity to reduce form-over-substance-based accounting conclusions. ASU 2020-06 will be effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Management has not yet evaluated the impact that the adoption of ASU 2020-06 will have on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statement presentation or disclosures.
Other new pronouncements issued but not effective as of September 30, 2021 are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
NOTE 4. LIQUIDITY, CONTINUED OPERATIONS, AND GOING CONCERN
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company entered into multiple financing agreements to fund operations. Further discussion of these transactions can be found in Notes 9, 10, 11 and 14 of the financial statements presented as of, and for, the nine months ended September 30, 2021, and in Notes 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15 and 22 of the financial statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
The Company has continued limited PV production at its manufacturing facility. The Company does not expect that sales revenue and cash flows will be sufficient to support operations and cash requirements until it has fully implemented its product strategy. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 the Company used $6,227,813 in cash for operations.
Additional projected product revenues are not anticipated to result in a positive cash flow position for the next twelve months overall and, as of September 30, 2021, the Company has working capital of $1,755,422. As such, cash liquidity is not sufficient for the next twelve months and will require additional financing.
As a result of the Company’s recurring losses from operations and the need for additional financing to fund its operating and capital requirements, there is uncertainty regarding the Company’s ability to maintain liquidity sufficient to operate its business
F-39
effectively, which raises doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company scaled down its operations in 2019 and 2020, due to cash flow issues. During 2021, the Company secured additional financing to being ramping up operations. However, additional financing will be needed to continue this process.
Management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. These condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
NOTE 5. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
The following table summarizes property, plant and equipment as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:
|
| As of September 30, |
|
| As of December 31, |
| ||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| ||
Furniture, fixtures, computer hardware and computer software |
| $ | 437,532 |
|
| $ | 489,421 |
|
Manufacturing machinery and equipment |
|
| 23,607,580 |
|
|
| - |
|
Manufacturing machinery and equipment, in progress |
|
| 103,080 |
|
|
| 24,377,755 |
|
Depreciable property, plant and equipment |
|
| 24,148,192 |
|
|
| 24,867,176 |
|
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
| (23,964,362 | ) |
|
| (24,848,408 | ) |
Net property, plant and equipment |
| $ | 183,830 |
|
| $ | 18,768 |
|
The Company analyzes its long-lived assets for impairment, both individually and as a group, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable.
Depreciation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $5,956 and $15,316, respectively. Depreciation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $11,404 and $103,014, respectively. Depreciation expense is recorded under “Depreciation and amortization expense” in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
On July 29, 2020 the Company’s owned facility at 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, CO 80241 (the “Building”) was foreclosed by the Building’s first lien holder (“Mortgage Holder”) and sold at public auction. The successful bidder for the Building was the Mortgage Holder, at the price of $7.193 million. As a result, the Company’s obligations to Mortgage Holder and all of the Company’s outstanding real property taxes on the Building were considered fully repaid.
On September 21, 2020, the Company entered into a lease agreement with 12300 Grant LLC (“Landlord”), an affiliated company of the Mortgage Holder, for approximately 100,000 rentable square feet of the Building (the “Lease”). The lease is classified as an operating lease and accounted for accordingly. The Lease term is for 88 months and commenced on September 21, 2020 at a rent of $50,000 per month including taxes, insurance and common area maintenance until December 31, 2020. Beginning January 1, 2021, the rent adjusted to $80,000 per month on a triple net basis and shall increase at an annual rate of 3% per annum until December 31, 2027.
At September 30, 2021, the Company recorded an operating lease asset and liability totaling $5,150,718 and $5,326,869, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded operating lease costs included in Selling, general, and administrative expense on the condensed consolidated Statement of Operations totaling $258,392 and $775,177, respectively. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded operating lease costs included in Selling, general, and administrative expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations totaling $28,710.
F-40
Future maturities of the operating lease liability are as follows:
Remainder of 2021 |
| $ | 240,000 |
|
2022 |
|
| 988,800 |
|
2023 |
|
| 1,018,464 |
|
2024 |
|
| 1,049,018 |
|
2025 |
|
| 1,080,488 |
|
Thereafter |
|
| 2,259,194 |
|
Total lease payments |
|
| 6,635,964 |
|
Less amounts representing interest |
|
| (1,309,095 | ) |
Present value of lease liability |
| $ | 5,326,869 |
|
The remaining lease term and discount rate of the operating lease is 75.5 months and 7.0%, respectively.
NOTE 6. INVENTORIES
Inventories, net of reserves, consisted of the following at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:
|
| As of September 30, |
|
| As of December 31, |
| ||
|
| 2021 |
|
| 2020 |
| ||
Raw materials |
| $ | 614,656 |
|
| $ | 525,626 |
|
Work in process |
|
| 992 |
|
|
| — |
|
Finished goods |
|
| 26 |
|
|
| 8,805 |
|
Total |
| $ | 615,674 |
|
| $ | 534,431 |
|
NOTE 7. NOTES PAYABLE
On June 30, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with a vendor (“Vendor”) to convert the balance of their account into a note payable in the amount of $250,000. The note bears interest of 5% per annum and matured on February 28, 2018. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had not made any payments on this note, the accrued interest was $53,185, and the note is due upon demand. To the best of our knowledge, Vendor has not made any attempts to recover any amount owing to them since 2019.
NOTE 8. SECURED PROMISSORY NOTES
Global Ichiban Secured Promissory Notes
Prior to 2021, the Company had issued a secured convertible promissory note to Global Ichiban Limited (“Global”) that had a remaining principal balance of $5,800,000, and 0 accrued interest, as of January 1, 2021.
The note was to mature on September 30, 2022. Principal, if not converted, was to be payable in a lump sum on September 30, 2022. The note did not bear any interest. Customary default provisions applied. The note was secured by a lien on substantially all of the Company’s assets pursuant to the Security Agreement dated November 30, 2017 (the “Security Agreement”) entered into between the Company and Global.
F-41
The conversion option associated with the note was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. Refer to Note 11. Derivative Liabilities for further details.
On March 9, 2021, the Company entered into a settlement agreement (“Settlement”) with Global. Pursuant to the Settlement, the Company issued 168,000,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company (“Settlement Shares”) to Global in exchange for the cancellation of the outstanding secured promissory note of $5,800,000 (the “Secured Note”). The Secured Note, which was originally scheduled to mature on September 30, 2022, had a variable-rate conversion feature that entitled Global to convert into shares of Common Stock of the Company at 80% of the 5-day average closing bid-price prior to any conversion. The Secured Note also had a lien on substantially all of the Company’s assets including intellectual properties. Following the Settlement, the lien was removed and the Company’s assets are currently unencumbered.
NOTE 9. PROMISSORY NOTES
SBA PPP
On April 17, 2020, the Company obtained a PPP Loan from Vectra Bank Colorado (“Vectra”) in the aggregate amount of $193,200, which was established under the CARES Act, as administered by the Small Business Association (“SBA”). Under the terms of the CARES Act and the PPP, all or a portion of the principal amount of the PPP Loan is subject to forgiveness so long as, over the 24-week period following the Company’s receipt of the proceeds of the PPP Loan, the Company uses those proceeds for payroll costs, rent, utility costs or the maintenance of employee and compensation levels. The PPP Loan is unsecured, guaranteed by the SBA, and has a two-year term, maturing on April 17, 2022. Interest accrues on the loan beginning with the initial disbursement; however, payments of principal and interest are deferred until Vectra’s determination of the amount of forgiveness applied for by the Company is approved by the SBA. If the Company does not apply for forgiveness within 10 months after the last day of the covered period (defined, at the Company’s election as 24 weeks), such payments will be due that month. On September 4, 2021, the Company received notification from Vectra that the SBA has forgiven the PPP loan. The Company recognized $195,852 of forgiven principal and accrued interest in Change in fair value of derivatives and gain/(loss) on extinguishment of liabilities, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
NOTE 10. CONVERTIBLE NOTES
The following table provides a summary of the activity of the Company's unsecured, convertible, promissory notes:
| Principal Balance 12/31/2020 |
| Less: Discount Balance |
| Net Principal Balance 12/31/2020 |
| Principal Balance 9/30/2021 |
| Less: Discount Balance |
| Net Principal Balance 9/30/2021 |
| ||||||
BD1 Notes (related party) | $ | 10,500,000 |
| $ | (2,936,952 | ) | $ | 7,563,048 |
| $ | 9,900,000 |
| $ | (2,351,060 | ) | $ | 7,548,940 |
|
Nanyang Notes |
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 600,000 |
|
| (142,488 | ) |
| 457,512 |
|
Crowdex Note (related party) |
| 250,000 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 250,000 |
|
| 250,000 |
|
| 0 |
|
| 250,000 |
|
| $ | 10,750,000 |
| $ | (2,936,952 | ) | $ | 7,813,048 |
| $ | 10,750,000 |
| $ | (2,493,548 | ) | $ | 8,256,452 |
|
Penumbra/Crowdex Convertible Note
As of January 1, 2021, Crowdex Investment, LLC (“Crowdex”) held a convertible promissory note with an aggregate principal balance of $250,000.
The aggregate principal amount (together with accrued interest) was scheduled to mature on June 9, 2021; however, the Company and Crowdex agreed to extend maturity by one year to June 9, 2022. The note bears interest at a rate of 6% per annum. The interest rate increases to 18% in the event of default. The note is convertible, at the holder’s option, into shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a conversion price equal to $0.0001 per share.
At September 30, 2021, the note had a principal balance of $250,000 and an accrued interest balance of $19,644.
F-42
BD1 Convertible Note
During September 2020, a number of the Company’s investors entered into assignment agreements to sell their existing debt to BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC (“BD1”) resulting in BD1 acquiring outstanding promissory notes with principal and accrued interest balances of approximately $6.3 million and $1.3 million, respectively.
On December 18, 2020, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement (“BD1 Exchange Agreement”) with BD1. Pursuant to the terms of the BD1 Exchange Agreement, BD1 agreed to surrender and exchange all of its outstanding promissory notes with principal and accrued interest balances of approximately $6.3 million and $1.3 million, respectively. Default penalties related to the notes of approximately $2.9 million were not designated. In exchange, the Company issued to BD1 2 unsecured convertible notes with an aggregate principal amount of $10,500,000 (“BD1 Exchange Notes”), and recorded an original issue discount of approximately $3.0 million, which will be recognized as interest expense, ratably, over the life of the note. The BD1 Exchange Notes do not bear any interest, and will mature on December 18, 2025. BD1 has the right, at any time until the BD1 Exchange Notes are fully paid, to convert any outstanding and unpaid principal into shares of common stock at a fixed conversion price equal to $0.0001 per share. Accordingly, the Company would issue 105,000,000,000 shares of common stock upon a full conversion of the BD1 Exchange Notes. BD1 has agreed not to effect any conversion of the Notes without the prior consent of the Company unless and until the Company has created additional authorized and issued common shares sufficient to convert all of the Notes in full.
On August 13, 2021, BD1 assigned $600,000 of its outstanding principal balance to Nanyang Investment Management Pte Ltd (“Nanyang”). Subsequent to this assignment, BD1 held notes with an aggregate principal amount of $9,900,000 convertible to 99,000,000,000 shares of common stock.
Nanyang Convertible Note
On August 13, 2021, as discussed above, BD1 assigned $600,000 of the BD1 Exchange Notes to Nanyang. This note does not bear any interest and will mature on December 18, 2025. Nanyang has the right, at any time until the note is fully paid, to convert any outstanding and unpaid principal into share of common stock at a fixed conversion price equal to $0.0001 per share. Accordingly, the Company would issue 6,000,000,000 common shares upon full conversion of this note. Shares of common stock may not be issued pursuant to this note if, after giving effect to the conversion or issuance, Nanyang, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock.
Subsequent to September 30, 2021, the debt with Nanyang was partially converted into common stock. Refer to the Nanyang Conversion section of Note 15. Subsequent Events for further details.
NOTE 11. DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES
The following table is a summary of the derivative liability activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2021:
Derivative Liability Balance as of December 31, 2020 |
| $ | 5,303,984 |
|
Liability extinguished |
|
| (5,303,984 | ) |
Derivative Liability Balance as of September 30, 2021 |
| $ | — |
|
Convertible Notes Assigned to BD1
The convertible notes that were assigned to BD1 in September 2020 and were partially assigned to Nanyang in August 2021, further described above in Note 10, were exchanged for new notes on December 18, 2020, as part of the Company’s recapitalization and restructuring effort which began in June 2020. Prior to the exchange, pursuant to a number of factors outlined in ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, the conversion options in the notes were deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. As such, the Company ascertained the value of the conversion option as if separate from the convertible issuance and appropriately recorded that value as a derivative liability. The fair value measurements rely primarily on Company-specific inputs and the Company’s own assumptions. With the absence of observable inputs, the Company determined these recurring fair value measurements reside primarily within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The derivative associated with the notes approximates management’s estimate of the fair value of the embedded derivative liability based on using a Monte Carlo simulation following a Geometric Brownian Motion with the following assumptions identified below.
F-43
At December 31, 2019, the aggregate derivative liability associated with these notes was $5,706,175. This value was derived from Management’s fair value assessment using the following assumptions: annual volatility range of 42% to 46%, present value discount rate of 12%, and a dividend yield of 0%.
In 2020, pursuant to ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, Management conducted quarterly fair value assessments of the embedded derivatives associated with these notes. Engaging the services of a firm specializing in these valuations, it was determined that a rational investor would not convert the notes, and would not expect to do so in the foreseeable future. The Company had reported doubt as to its ability to continue as a going concern since 2015. The Company scaled down operations and did not expect to ramp up until significant financing could be obtained and has been operating under these conditions for some time already, continuously chasing funding to continue operations. Circumstances shifted in late 2019 and early 2020, making fundraising and continuing operations more difficult, thereby reducing liquidity and attractiveness of the common stock. These new circumstances made it clear to current and prospective investors that the Company would either file bankruptcy or restructure with a strategic investor. Accordingly, conversion of a debt instrument into common stock that cannot be sold in the marketplace would put the holder in a far less secure position compared to holding the instrument as debt. As a result of the fair value assessments, the Company recorded an aggregate net gain of $5,706,175 for the year ended December 31, 2020, as “Change in fair value of derivatives and gain/loss on extinguishment of liabilities, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations to properly reflect that the value of the embedded derivative had been eliminated in 2020.
Convertible Notes held by Global Ichiban
In connection with the convertible notes held by Global, further described above in Note 8, pursuant to a number of factors outlined in ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, the conversion options in the notes were deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. As such, the Company ascertained the value of the conversion option as if separate from the convertible issuance and appropriately recorded that value as a derivative liability. The fair value measurements rely primarily on Company-specific inputs and the Company’s own assumptions. With the absence of observable inputs, the Company determined these recurring fair value measurements reside primarily within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The derivative associated with the notes approximates management’s estimate of the fair value of the embedded derivative liability based on using a Monte Carlo simulation following a Geometric Brownian Motion with the following assumptions identified below.
At December 31, 2019, the aggregate derivative liability associated with these notes was $2,010,975. This value was derived from Management’s fair value assessment using the following assumptions: annual volatility of 46%, present value discount rate of 12%, and a dividend yield of 0%.
The conversion option in the GI Exchange Note was deemed to include an embedded derivative that required bifurcation and separate accounting. As such, the Company ascertained the value of the conversion option as if separate from the convertible issuance based on the following assumptions: annual volatility of 49%, expected interest rate of 1.52%, and a dividend yield of 0%, and appropriately recorded that value as a derivative liability. At September 9, 2020, the derivative liability associated with the Global note was $447,903. The fair value of the derivative was recorded as a debt discount and will be charged to interest over the life of the note.
The derivative liability associated with the note is subject to revaluation on a quarterly basis to reflect the market value change of the embedded conversion option. Management assessed the fair value option of this embedded derivative, as of December 31, 2020, using the following assumptions: annual volatility of 62%, and a dividend yield of 0%. As a result of the fair value assessments, the Company recorded an aggregate net loss of $2,845,106 for the year ended December 31, 2020, as “Change in fair value of derivatives and gain/loss on extinguishment of liabilities, net” in the Consolidated Statement of Operations to properly reflect that the value of the embedded derivative of $5,303,984 as of December 31, 2020.
On March 9, 2021, the Company entered into a settlement agreement with Global, further described above in Note 8. As a result of the settlement, the entire debt was cancelled and the Company recorded an aggregate net gain of $5,303,984 for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as “Change in fair value of derivatives and gain/loss on extinguishment of liabilities, net” in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations to properly reflect that the value of the embedded derivative had been eliminated.
NOTE 12. SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK
In June 2013, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with an investor to sell an aggregate of $750,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock at a price of $8.00 per share, resulting in gross proceeds of $6.0 million. This purchase agreement included warrants to purchase up to 13,125 shares of common stock of the Company. The transfer of cash and securities took place incrementally, the first closing occurring on June 17, 2013 with the transfer of 125,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and a warrant to purchase 2,187 shares of common stock for $1.0 million. The final closings took place in August 2013, with the transfer of 625,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and a warrant to purchase 10,938 shares of common stock for $5.0 million.
F-44
Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to cumulative dividends at a rate of 8% per annum when and if declared by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion. The dividends may be paid in cash or in the form of common stock (valued at 10% below market price, but not to exceed the lowest closing price during the applicable measurement period), at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The dividend rate on the Series A Preferred Stock is indexed to the Company's stock price and subject to adjustment. In addition, the Series A Preferred Stock contains a make-whole provision whereby, conversion or redemption of the preferred stock within 4 years of issuance will require dividends for the full four year period to be paid by the Company in cash or common stock (valued at 10% below market price, but not to exceed the lowest closing price during the applicable measurement period). This make-whole provision expired in June 2017.
The Series A Preferred Stock may be converted into shares of common stock at the option of the Company if the closing price of the common stock exceeds $232, as adjusted, for twenty consecutive trading days, or by the holder at any time. The Company has the right to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock at a price of $8.00 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, plus the make-whole amount (if applicable). At September 30, 2021, the preferred shares were not eligible for conversion toare convertible into less than one common shares at the option of the Company. The holder of the preferred shares may convert to common shares at any time, at no cost, at a ratio of 1 preferred share into 1 common share (subject to standard ratable anti-dilution adjustments).share. Upon any conversion (whether at the option of the Company or the holder), the holder is entitled to receive any accrued but unpaid dividends.
Except as otherwise required by law (or with respect to approval of certain actions), the Series A Preferred Stock shall have no voting rights. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, after payment or provision for payment of debts and other liabilities of the Company, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, pari passu with any distribution to the holders of common stock of the Company, an amount equal to $8.00$ per share of Series A Preferred Stock plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.
As of September 30, 2021,December 31, 2023, there were shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding and accrued and unpaid dividends, included as Accrued Interest on the Balance Sheet, of $404,441.$514,269. As of December 31, 2022, there $465,501 of accrued and unpaid dividends included as Accrued Interest on the Balance Sheet.
NOTE 13. 12. SERIES 1A PREFERRED STOCK
Series 1A Preferred Stock – Tranche 1 Closing
On September 22, 2020, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (“Series 1A SPA”) with Crowdex, for the private placement of up to $5,000,000 of the Company’s newly designated Series 1A Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series 1A Preferred Stock”).
Each share of Series 1A Preferred Stock has an original issue price of $1,000$ per share. Shares of the Series 1A Preferred Stock are convertible into common stock at a fixed conversion price equal to $0.0001$100 per common share, subject to standard ratable anti-dilution adjustments.
Outstanding shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock are entitled to vote together with the holders of common stock as a single class (on an as-converted to common stock basis) on any matter presented to the stockholders of the Company for their action or consideration at any meeting of stock holders (or written consent of stockholders in lieu of meeting).
Holders of the Series 1A Preferred Stock are not entitled to any fixed rate of dividends. If the Company pays a dividend or otherwise makes a distribution payable on shares of common stock, holders of the Series 1A Preferred Stock will receive such dividend or distribution on an as-converted to common stock basis. There are no specified redemption rights for the Series 1A Preferred Stock. Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of Series 1A Preferred Stock will be entitled to be paid out of ourthe Company’s assets, prior to the holders of our common stock, an amount equal to $1,000 $1,000 per share plus any accrued but unpaid dividends (if any) thereon.
The Company sold 2,000
| F-22 |
As of January 1, 2022, Crowdex Investment, LLC ("Crowdex") owned shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to Crowdex in exchange for $2,000,000 of gross proceeds at an initial closing under the Series 1A SPA on September 22, 2020.
In November 2020, Crowdex converted 1,200 shares of outstanding Series 1A Preferred Stock into 12,000,000,000 shares of common stock.
On December 31, 2020 the Company sold 500and TubeSolar owned shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock toStock. On February 1, 2022, Crowdex in exchange for the cancellation of the Crowdex Note issued on November 27, 2020. There were no additional cash proceeds from this closing.
On January 4, 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (“Series 1ATranche 2 SPA”) with TubeSolar AG, a developer of photovoltaic thin-film tubes to enable additional application opportunities in solar power generation compared to
F-45
conventional solar modules (“TubeSolar”). Pursuant to the Series 1A Tranche 2 SPA, the Company sold 2,500 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to TubeSolar and received $2,500,000 of gross proceeds on January 5, 2021. During the three months ended September 30, 2021, TubeSolar converted 100their shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock into 1,000,000,000 shares of common stock.
NOTE 14. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Common Stock
During September 2021, the Company increased its authorized shares from 20 billion to 30 billion of common stock. As such, at September 30, 2021, the Company had 30 billion shares of common stock $0.0001and TubeSolar converted their shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock into shares of common stock.
NOTE 13. SERIES 1B PREFERRED STOCK
On June 29, 2023, the Company entered into the Series 1B SPA with Accredited Investors for the private placement of shares of Series 1B Preferred Stock for $900,000 gross proceeds.
The Series 1B Preferred Stock ranks senior to the common stock with respect to dividends and rights upon liquidation. Holders of the Series 1B Preferred Stock do not have voting rights and are not entitled to any fixed rate of dividends; however, if the Company pays a dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions payable on shares of common stock, then the Company will make a dividend or distribution to the holders of the Series 1B Preferred Stock in such amounts as each share of Series 1B Preferred Stock would have been entitled to receive if such share of Series 1B Preferred Stock was converted into shares of common stock at the time of payment of the stock dividend or distribution.
There is no scheduled or mandatory redemption for the Series 1B Preferred Stock and there is no redemption for the Series 1B Preferred Stock exercisable (i) at the option of the Investor, or (ii) at the option of the Company.
Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of Series 1B Preferred Stock will be entitled to be paid out of the Company assets, prior to the holders of our common stock, an amount equal to $1,000 per share plus any accrued but unpaid dividends (if any) thereon.
Shares of the Series 1B Preferred Stock are convertible at the option of the holder into common stock at an initial conversion price of equal to $28.00 per share. The conversion price for the Series 1B Preferred Stock is subject to adjustment on the earliest of the date that (a) a resale registration statement relating to the shares of common stock underlying the Series 1B Preferred Stock has been declared effective by the SEC, (b) all of such underlying shares of common stock have been sold pursuant to SEC Rule 144 or may be sold pursuant to SEC Rule 144 without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions, (c) the one year anniversary of the closing provided that a holder of such underlying shares is not an affiliate of the Company or (d) all of such underlying shares may be sold pursuant to an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(1) of the Securities Act without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions (such earliest date, the “Reset Date”).
On the Reset Date, the conversion price shall be equal to the lower of (i) $28.00 and (ii) 90% of the lowest VWAP for the Company’s common stock out of the 10 trading days commencing 5 trading days immediately prior to the Reset Date, provided that the conversion price may not be adjusted to less than $10.00 per share.
Holders of the Series 1B Preferred Stock (together with its affiliates) may not convert any portion of such Investor’s Series 1B Preferred Stock to the extent that the holder would beneficially own more than of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock after conversion, except that upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holders to the Company, the holder may increase the maximum amount of its beneficial ownership of outstanding shares of the Company’s Common Stock after converting the holder’s Series 1B Preferred Stock up to 9.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the conversion, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the Series 1B Preferred Stock.
On October 2, 2023, with the closing of the Public Offering (Note 14), the Company retired the $900,000 of Series 1B Preferred Stock.
NOTE 14. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Common Stock
At, the Company had million shares of common stock, $ par value, authorized for issuance. Each share of common stock has the right to one vote . As of September 30, 2021,December 31, 2023, the Company had 19,678,916,809 shares of common stock outstanding. The Company has not declared or paid any dividends related to the common stock through September 30, 2021.December 31, 2023.
Private Placement Offering
On August 2, 2021,4, 2022, the Company enteredreceived $1,000,000 of gross proceeds pursuant to an unsecured convertible promissory note (the “Bridge Note”) sold and issued to Lucro Investments VCC – ESG Opportunities Fund (“Lucro”), an affiliate of Fleur. The Bridge Note matures on February 3, 2023 (the “Maturity Date”) and does not bear interest (except in the event of a default). If the Company completes a “Qualified Financing”, the $1 million outstanding principal amount of the Bridge Note will automatically convert into the BD1 Common Stock SPAtype of securities offered by the Company in the Qualified Financing on the same pricing, terms and conditions as specified in the Qualified Financing. A Qualified Financing is defined as (i) the Company’s issuance and sale of shares of its equity or equity-linked securities to investors, (ii) on or before the Maturity Date, (iii) in a financing with BD1 fortotal proceeds to the placementCompany of 666,666,672 sharesat least $5,000,000 (inclusive of the conversion of the $1,000,000 Bridge Note), and (iv) which financing would result in the listing of the Company’s common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”).
On August 8, 2022, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (“SPA”) with Lucro for the private placement (the “Common Stock Private Placement”) of an aggregate of shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock and warrants exercisable for up to an additional 7,076 shares of Common Stock (the “Warrants”). The Shares and Warrants were sold in units (the “Units”) at a fixed purchase price of $0.015$ per Unit. Each Unit consists of (i) one Share and (ii) Warrants exercisable for 1.5 shares of Common Stock.
| F-23 |
Each Warrant is exercisable for five 5 years at an exercise price of $1,060 per one 1 share of Common Stock. The holder may not exercise the Warrants to the extent that, after giving effect to such exercise, the holder would beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of the shares of Common Stock outstanding, or, at the holder’s election on not less than 61 days notice, 19.99%. The Warrants are exercisable for cash. If, at the time the holder exercises any Warrants, a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of Common Stock underlying the Warrants is not then effective or available for the issuance of such shares, then the Warrants may be net exercised on a cashless basis according to a formula set forth in the Warrants. There were 7,076 warrants outstanding at December 31, 2022.
On August 19, 2022, the Company received $4,000,000 of gross proceeds from the Common Stock Private Placement and the $1,000,000 Bridge Note was canceled and converted into Common Stock and Warrants. The $5,000,000 was allocated between the Common Stock and Warrants purchased based on the relative fair value of these instruments. The fair value of the Common Stocks was determined using the closing price of the stock at close if the SPA (Level 1 on the fair value hierarchy) and the fair value of the Warrants was determined using the Black Scholes model using the following inputs (Level 2 on the fair value hierarchy):
| Schedule of fair value of warrants | ||||
| Warrants | ||||
| Expected stock price volatility | 82 | % | ||
| Dividend yield | 0 | % | ||
| Risk-free interest rate | 3 | % | ||
| Expected life of the warrants (in years) | 5 | |||
Public Offering
On September 28, 2023, the Company entered into a placement agency agreement (the “Placement Agent Agreement”) with Dawson James Securities Inc. (“Dawson James”) pursuant to which the Company engaged Dawson James as the placement agent for a registered public offering by the Company (the “Offering”), of an aggregate of units (“Units”) at a price of $ per Unit, for gross proceeds of approximately $10.3 million, before deducting offering expenses.
Each Unit is comprised of (i) one share of common stock or, in lieu of common stock, one Prefunded warrant to purchase a share of common stock, and (ii) one common warrant to purchase a share of common stock. The Prefunded warrants are immediately exercisable at a price of $0.0001 per share for an aggregate purchaseof common stock and only expire when such Prefunded warrants are fully exercised. The common warrants are immediately exercisable at a price of $10,000,000. $2.88 per share of common stock and will expire five 5 years from the date of issuance.
The first trancheCompany agreed to pay Dawson James a placement agent fee in cash equal to 8.00% of 333,333,336 sharesthe gross proceeds from the sale of the Units. The Company also agreed to reimburse Dawson James for $5,000,000all reasonable travel and other out-of-pocket expenses, including the reasonable fees of legal counsel, not to exceed $155,000.
The Offering closed on SeptemberOctober 2, 20212023 and, in the Offering, the Company issued (i) common shares, (ii) Prefunded warrants, and (iii) common warrants.
The $10.3 million was allocated between the Common Stock or Prefunded Warrants and Common Stock Warrants purchased based on the relative fair value of these instruments. The fair value of the Common Stocks or Prefunded Warrants was determined using the closing price of the stock at close of the SPA (Level 1 on the fair value hierarchy) and the second tranche will close on or before October 31, 2021 (if the Company has authorized but unissued common stock sufficient to issue allfair value of the second tranche shares) or within five business days afterWarrants was determined using the effective date whenBlack Scholes model using the following inputs (Level 2 on the fair value hierarchy):
| Schedule of fair value of warrants | ||||
| Warrants | ||||
| Expected stock price volatility | 156 | % | ||
| Dividend yield | 0 | % | ||
| Risk-free interest rate | 5 | % | ||
| Expected life of the warrants (in years) | 2.5 | |||
The Company has sufficient unissuedused a portion of the proceeds from the Offering to retire approximately $5.2 million of the outstanding conversion amount payable related to the Company’s secured convertible notes and all $900,000 of the Company’s outstanding Series 1B Preferred Stock.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, 2,468,500 of the pre-funded warrants were exercised into common stock.
Subsequent to September 30, 2021,
| F-24 |
Warrants
As of December 31, 2023, there were 9,998,233 (of which 715,111 are Prefunded warrants) outstanding warrants with exercise prices between $1.76 and $1,060 per share (per share amounts exclude the second tranchePrefunded warrants).
As of the BD1 Common Stock SPA closed. Refer to theDecember 31, 2022, there were Tranche 2 Closing19,647 section of Note 15. Subsequent Events for further detail.outstanding warrants with exercise prices between $786 and $1,060 per share.
Preferred Stock
At September 30, 2021,December 31, 2023, the Company had shares of preferred stock, $0.0001$ par value, authorized for issuance. Preferred stock may be issued in classes or series. Designations, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions are determined by the Company’s Board of Directors.
The following table summarizes the designations, shares authorized, and shares outstanding for the Company'sCompany’s Preferred Stock:
| Schedule of stock by class | ||||||||||||||||
Preferred Stock Series Designation |
| Shares Authorized |
|
| Shares Outstanding |
| Shares Authorized | Shares Outstanding | ||||||||
Series A |
|
| 750,000 |
|
|
| 48,100 |
| 750,000 | 48,100 | ||||||
Series 1A |
|
| 5,000 |
|
|
| 3,700 |
| 5,000 | — | ||||||
| Series 1B | 900 | — | ||||||||||||||
Series B-1 |
|
| 2,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 2,000 | — | ||||||
Series B-2 |
|
| 1,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 1,000 | — | ||||||
Series C |
|
| 1,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 1,000 | — | ||||||
Series D |
|
| 3,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 3,000 | — | ||||||
Series D-1 |
|
| 2,500 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 2,500 | — | ||||||
Series E |
|
| 2,800 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 2,800 | — | ||||||
Series F |
|
| 7,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 7,000 | — | ||||||
Series G |
|
| 2,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 2,000 | — | ||||||
Series H |
|
| 2,500 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 2,500 | — | ||||||
Series I |
|
| 1,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 1,000 | — | ||||||
Series J |
|
| 1,350 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 1,350 | — | ||||||
Series J-1 |
|
| 1,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 1,000 | — | ||||||
Series K |
|
| 20,000 |
|
|
| 0 |
| 20,000 | — | ||||||
Series A Preferred Stock
Refer to Note 11 for Series A Preferred Stock activity.
Series 1A Preferred Stock
Refer to Note 12 for Series A Preferred Stock activity.
Series 1A Preferred Stock
Refer to Note 13 for Series 1A Preferred Stock activity.
F-46
Series B-1, B-2, C, D, D-1, E, F, G, H, I, J, J-1, and K Preferred Stock
There were no transactions involving the Series B-1, B-2, C, D, D-1, E, F, G, H, I, J, J-1, or K during the threeyears ended December 31, 2023 and nine months ended2022.
On September 21, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors appointed Jeffrey Max as the Company’s new Chief Executive Officer and granted an inducement grant of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) for an aggregate of shares of Ascent’s common stock. of the RSUs are fully vested upon grant. The remaining of the RSUs vests in equal monthly increments over the next months. The estimated fair value of the restricted stock unit is $, the closing price at grant date.
NOTE 15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Nanyang Conversion
| F-25 |
On December 12, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors appointed Paul Warley as the Company’s new Chief Financial Officer and granted him an inducement grant of RSUs for an aggregate of shares of Ascent’s common stock. of the RSUs are fully vested upon grant. The remaining of the RSUs vests in equal monthly increments over the next months. The estimated fair value of the restricted stock unit is $, the closing price at grant date.
On April 26, 2023, the Company terminated its employment contract with Mr. Max resulting in the forfeiture of restricted stock units. The remaining non-vested shares of units as of December 31, 2023 are expected to vest in the future. Total unrecognized share-based compensation expense from the remaining unvested restricted stock as of December 31, 2023 was approximately $ million and is expected to be recognized over months. The Company recognized share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock grants of $ and $ for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The following table summarizes non-vested restricted stock and the related activity as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022:
| Summary of non-vested restricted stock and related activity | ||||||||||
| Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | |||||||||
| Non-vested at January 1, 2022 | — | $ | — | |||||||
| Granted | 21,173 | 994.00 | ||||||||
| Vested | (5,413 | ) | 1,012.00 | |||||||
| Forfeited | — | — | ||||||||
| Non-vested at December 31, 2022 | 15,760 | $ | 990.00 | |||||||
| Granted | — | — | ||||||||
| Vested | (2,504 | ) | 895.85 | |||||||
| Forfeited | (11,389 | ) | 1,074.00 | |||||||
| Non-vested at December 31, 2023 | 1,867 | $ | 596.00 | |||||||
The fair values of the respective vesting dates of RSUs was $ and $ for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
NOTE 16. INCOME TAXES
The Company records income taxes using the liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and are computed for the expected future impact of temporary differences between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using current income tax rates and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carryforwards. ASC 740 provides detailed guidance for the financial statement recognition, measurement and disclosure of uncertain tax positions recognized in the financial statements. Tax positions must meet a “more-likely-than-not” recognition threshold before a benefit is recognized in the financial statements.
At December 31, 2023, the Company had $233.6 million of cumulative net operating loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes that were available to offset future taxable income through the year 2037. At December 31, 2023, the Company had $83.9 million of cumulative net operating loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes that were available to offset future taxable income indefinitely. Under the Internal Revenue Code, the future utilization of net operating losses may be limited in certain circumstances where there is a significant ownership change. The Company prepared an analysis for the year ended December 31, 2012 and determined that a significant change in ownership had occurred as a result of the cumulative effect of the sales of common stock through its offerings. Such change resulted in a limitation of the Company’s utilizable net operating loss carryforwards and ultimately a write-off of the associated limited NOLs in the amount of $87 million. Available net operating loss carryforwards may be further limited in the event of another significant ownership change.
| F-26 |
Deferred income taxes reflect an estimate of the cumulative temporary differences recognized for financial reporting purposes from that recognized for income tax reporting purposes. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the components of these temporary differences and the deferred tax asset were as follows:
| Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities | ||||||||
| As of December 31, | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Deferred Tax Asset | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses | $ | 214,000 | $ | 388,000 | ||||
| Inventory allowance | 26,000 | 83,000 | ||||||
| Other | — | 7,000 | ||||||
| Operating lease liability | 627,000 | 1,122,000 | ||||||
| Tax effect of NOL carryforward | 78,427,000 | 76,089,000 | ||||||
| Share-based compensation | 1,909,000 | 1,348,000 | ||||||
| Section 174 costs | 547,000 | 355,000 | ||||||
| Warranty reserve | 5,000 | 5,000 | ||||||
| Gross Deferred Tax Asset | 81,755,000 | 79,397,000 | ||||||
| Valuation allowance | (81,142,000 | ) | (78,261,000 | ) | ||||
| Net Deferred Tax Asset | $ | 613,000 | $ | 1,136,000 | ||||
| Operating lease right-of-use asset, net | (585,000 | ) | (1,064,000 | ) | ||||
| Depreciation | (15,000 | ) | (52,000 | ) | ||||
| Amortization | (13,000 | ) | (20,000 | ) | ||||
| Net Deferred Tax Liability | $ | (613,000 | ) | $ | (1,136,000 | ) | ||
| Total | — | — | ||||||
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based upon the level of historical losses and projections of future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible, management believes it is not more-likely-than-not that the Company will realize the benefits of these deductible differences at December 31, 2023. The Company’s deferred tax valuation allowance of $81.1 million 81,142,000 reflected above is an increase of $2.8 million from the valuation allowance reflected as of December 31, 2022 of $78.3 78,261,000 million.
As of December 31, 2023, the Company has not recorded a liability for uncertain tax positions. No interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions were accrued at December 31, 2023.
The Company’s effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 differs from the statutory rate due to the following (expressed as a percentage of pre-tax income):
| Schedule of effective income tax rate reconciliation | ||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Federal statutory rate | 21.0 | % | 21.0 | % | ||||
| State statutory rate | 2.7 | % | 3.1 | % | ||||
| Permanent tax differences | (5.9 | )% | (2.9 | )% | ||||
| Deferred true-ups | (0.9 | )% | (3.3 | )% | ||||
| Deferred rate change | — | % | (1.4 | )% | ||||
| Change in valuation allowance | (16.9 | )% | (16.5 | )% | ||||
| Total | — | % | — | % | ||||
| F-27 |
NOTE 17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
On September 21, 2022, the Company and Victor Lee, our former CEO, entered into a Separation Agreement and Release of Claims September 21, 2022 (the “Separation Agreement”). Under the Separation Agreement Mr. Lee is entitled, subject to his non-revocation of a general release of claims in favor of the Company, to the following separation benefits: (i) payment of twelve (12) months salary equal to $360,000, which amount shall be payable in accordance with the Company’s customary payroll practices and regular payroll time periods as in effect from time to time; (ii) the Company will pay Mr. Lee’s $200,000 declared but unpaid cash bonus in two installments; and (iii) the Company shall pay COBRA premiums at the Company’s current contribution level for the next 12 months. The Company had accrued liabilities of approximately $0 and $363,000 included in Severance Payable on the Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
On April 26, 2023, the board of directors of the Company terminated Mr. Max as the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Max claims that his termination was not for cause as defined in his employment agreement which could enable him to certain benefits, including severance and vesting of restricted stock units. Management believes Mr. Max was terminated for cause and any such claims, if asserted, would be without substantial merit. Although the outcome of any legal proceedings is uncertain, the Company will vigorously defend any future claims made by Mr. Max.
On August 15, 2023, H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“Wainwright”) filed an action against the Company in the New York State Supreme Court in New York County. The complaint alleges a breach by the Company of an investment banking engagement letter entered into in October 13, 2021, $100,0002021. The Wainwright engagement letter expired in April 2022 without any financing transaction having been completed. The complaint claims that Wainright is entitled, under a “tail provision”, to an 8% fee and 7% warrant coverage on the Company’s $15 million secured convertible note financing. The complaint seeks damages of Nanyang’s convertible notes$1.2 million, 2,169.5 common stock warrants with a per share exercise price of $605, and attorney fees. While it is too early to predict the outcome of this legal proceeding or whether an adverse result would have a material adverse impact on our operations or financial position, we believe we have meritorious defenses and intend to defend this legal matter vigorously.
The Company is subject to various legal proceedings, both asserted and unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome of such legal proceedings or in certain instances provide reasonable ranges of potential losses. However, as of the date of this report, the Company believes that none of these claims will have a material adverse effect on its financial position or results of operations. In the event of unexpected subsequent developments and given the inherent unpredictability of these legal proceedings, there can be no assurance that the Company’s assessment of any claim will reflect the ultimate outcome, and an adverse outcome in certain matters could, from time to time, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations in particular quarterly or annual periods.
NOTE 18. RETIREMENT PLAN
The Company has a qualified 401(k) plan which provides retirement benefits for all of its eligible employees. Under the plan, employees become eligible to participate at the first entry date, provided they are at least 21 years of age. The Company will match 100% of the first four 4% percent of employee contributions. In addition, the Company may make discretionary contributions to the Plan as determined by the Board of Directors. Employees are immediately vested in all salary reduction contributions. Employer contributions vest over a three-year 3 period, one-third 0.3333 per year. Employer 401(k) match expense was $107,526 and $129,040 for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 401(k) match expenses are recorded under “Research, development and manufacturing operations" expense and “Selling, general and administrative" expense in the Statements of Operations.
NOTE 19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Subsequent to December 31, 2023, approximately $160,400 of the conversions payable were converted into 1,000,000,000 shares of common stock. Common Stock.
BD1 Common Stock SPA – Tranche 2 Closing
| F-27 |
Between October 29 and November 5, 2021, the Company received aggregate payments of $5,000,000 and issued 333,333,336 total shares of common stock for the second tranche of the BD1 Common Stock SPA.
F-47UP TO 4,654,771 UNITS CONSISTING OF
ONE SHARE OF COMMON STOCK
OR PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS TO PURCHASE SHARES
OF COMMON STOCK AND
WARRANTS TO PURCHASE SHARES
OF COMMON STOCK
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
PROSPECTUS
____________, 2024
Dawson James Securities Inc.
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 13.
| Item 13. | Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution. |
The following is a statement of approximatetable sets forth the costs and expenses, to be incurred byother than the Companyplacement agent discounts and commissions, payable in connection with the distributionsale of the securities registered under this registration statement.common stock being registered. All amounts shown are estimates, except for the SECSecurities and Exchange Commission registration fee, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority filing fee and FINRA filingthe Exchange listing fee.
| Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee | $ | 898.88 | ||
| Financial Industry Regulatory Authority filing fee | 5,000 | |||
| Legal fees and expenses | 200,000 | |||
| Accountants’ fees and expenses | 15,000 | |||
| Transfer agent and registrar fees and expenses | 25,000 | |||
| Miscellaneous | 40,000 | |||
| Total | $ | 285,898.88 |
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| Officers. |
Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Our certificate of incorporation provides that all directors, officers, employees and agentsWe are incorporated under the laws of the registrant shall be entitled to be indemnified by us to the fullest extent permitted bystate of Delaware. Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law or the DGCL.
Section 145 of theprovides that a Delaware General Corporation Law concerning indemnification of officers, directors, employees and agents is set forth below.
“Section 145. Indemnification of officers, directors, employees and agents; insurance.
(a) A corporation shall have power tomay indemnify any personpersons who wasare, or is a party or isare threatened to be made, a partyparties to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of thesuch corporation), by reason of the fact that thesuch person is or was aan officer, director, officer, employee or agent of thesuch corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporationsuch person as aan officer, director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, againstenterprise. The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by thesuch person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, if theprovided that such person acted in good faith and in a manner the personhe or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the corporation’s best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the person’sthat his or her conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of theillegal. A Delaware corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that the person’s conduct was unlawful.
(b) A corporation shall have power tomay indemnify any personpersons who wasare, or is a party or isare threatened to be made, a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that thesuch person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of thesuch corporation, or is or was serving at the request of thesuch corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise againstenterprise. The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by thesuch person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if theprovided such person acted in good faith and in a manner the personhe or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the corporation’s best interests of the corporation and except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issueis permitted without judicial approval if the officer or matter as to which such person shall have beendirector is adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancerycorporation. Where an officer or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such persondirector is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
(c) To the extent that a present or former director or officer of a corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any action suit or proceeding referred to in subsections (a) and (b) of this section,above, the corporation must indemnify him or in defense of any claim, issueher against the expenses that such officer or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees)director has actually and reasonably incurredincurred. Our charter and bylaws provide for the indemnification of our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law.
Section 102(b)(7) of the Delaware General Corporation Law permits a corporation to provide in its certificate of incorporation that a director of the corporation shall not be personally liable to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duties as a director, except for liability for:
| · | any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders; |
| · | any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; |
| · | any act related to unlawful stock repurchases, redemptions or other distributions or payment of dividends; or |
| · | any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. |
These limitations of liability do not affect the availability of equitable remedies such as injunctive relief or rescission. Our charter also authorizes us to indemnify our officers, directors and other agents to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law.
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As permitted by Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our bylaws provide that:
| · | we may indemnify our directors, officers and employees to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, subject to limited exceptions; | |
| · | we may advance expenses to our directors, officers and employees in connection with a legal proceeding to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, subject to limited exceptions; and | |
| · | the rights provided in our bylaws are not exclusive. |
Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides, among other things, that a director who willfully or negligently approves of an unlawful payment of dividends or an unlawful stock purchase or redemption may be held liable for such personactions. A director who was either absent when the unlawful actions were approved, or dissented at the time, may avoid liability by causing his or her dissent to such actions to be entered in connection therewith.the books containing minutes of the meetings of the board of directors at the time such action occurred or immediately after such absent director receives notice of the unlawful acts.
(d) Any indemnification under subsections (a) and (b) of this section (unless ordered by a court) shall be made
As permitted by the corporation onlyDelaware General Corporation Law, we have entered and expect to continue to enter into agreements to indemnify our directors, executive officers and other employees as authorized indetermined by our board of directors. Under the specific case upon a determination thatterms of our indemnification agreements, we are required to indemnify each of our directors and officers, to the fullest extent permitted by the laws of the presentstate of Delaware, if the basis of the indemnitee’s involvement was by reason of the fact that the indemnitee is or former director, officer, employee or agent is proper in the circumstances because the person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in subsections (a) and (b) of this section. Such determination shall be made, with respect to a person who iswas a director, or officer, of the corporationcompany or any of its subsidiaries or was serving at the time
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company’s request in an official capacity for another entity. We must indemnify our officers and directors against (1) attorneys’ fees and (2) all other costs of such determination: (1) byany type or nature whatsoever, including any and all expenses and obligations paid or incurred in connection with investigating, defending, being a majority vote of the directors who are not partieswitness in, participating in (including on appeal) or preparing to suchdefend, be a witness or participate in any completed, actual, pending or threatened action, suit, claim or proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (2) by a committee of such directors designated by majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, or (3) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (4) by the stockholders.
(e) Expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by an officer or director in defending anywhether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, action, suit or proceeding may be paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suitestablishing or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation as authorized in this section. Such expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by former officers and directors or other employees and agents may be so paid upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the corporation deems appropriate.
(f) The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, the other subsections of this section shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in such person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office. Aenforcing a right to indemnification or to advancement of expenses arising under a provision of the certificate of incorporation or a bylaw shall not be eliminated or impaired by an amendment to the certificate of incorporation or the bylaws after the occurrence of the act or omission that is the subject of the civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding for which indemnification or advancement of expenses is sought, unless the provision in effect at the time of such act or omission explicitly authorizes such elimination or impairment after such action or omission has occurred.
(g) A corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under this section.
(h) For purposes of this section, references to “the corporation” shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, and employees or agents, so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under this section with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued.
(i) For purposes of this section, references to “other enterprises” shall include employee benefit plans; references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to any employee benefit plan; and references to “serving at the request of the corporation” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the corporation” as referred to in this section.
(j)agreement. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this section shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
(k) The Court of Chancery is hereby vested with exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine all actions for advancement of expenses or indemnification brought under this section or under any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise. The Court of Chancery may summarily determine a corporation’s obligation to advance expenses (including attorneys’ fees).
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers, and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advisedagreements also set forth certain procedures that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person in a successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, we will unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to the court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
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In accordance with Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL, our certificate of incorporation provides that no director shall be personally liable to us or any of our stockholders for monetary damages resulting from breaches of their fiduciary duty as directors, except for liability (i) for any breach of the director's duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the DGCL, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived any improper personal benefit. The effect of this provision of our certificate of incorporation is to eliminate our rights and those of our stockholders (through stockholders’ derivative suits on our behalf) to recover monetary damages against a director for breach of the fiduciary duty of care as a director, including breaches resulting from negligent or grossly negligent behavior, except, as restricted by Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL. However, this provision does not limit or eliminate our rights or the rights of any stockholder to seek non-monetary relief, such as an injunction or rescission,apply in the event of a breachclaim for indemnification thereunder. These indemnification provisions and the indemnification agreements may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of our officers and directors for liabilities, including reimbursement of expenses incurred, arising under the Securities Act.
In addition, we have purchased a policy of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance that insures our directors and officers against the cost of defense, settlement or payment of a director’s duty of care.judgment in some circumstances.
If the DGCL is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the liability of directors, then, in accordance with our certificate of incorporation, the liability of our directors to us or our stockholders will be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL, as so amended. Any repeal or amendment of provisions of our certificate of incorporation limiting or eliminating the liability of directors, whether by our stockholders or by changes in law, or the adoption of any other provisions inconsistent therewith, will (unless otherwise required by law) be prospective only, except to the extent such amendment or change in law permits us to further limit or eliminate the liability of directors on a retroactive basis.
To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, our certificate of incorporation also provides that we are authorized to provide indemnification of (and advancement of expenses to) such agents (and any other persons to which Delaware law permits the Company to provide indemnification) through bylaw provisions, agreements with such agents or other persons, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, in excess of the indemnification and advancement otherwise permitted by Section 145 of the DGCL, subject only to limits created by applicable Delaware law (statutory or non-statutory), with respect to actions for breach of duty to this Corporation, its stockholders, and others.
Any repeal or modification of provisions of our certificate of incorporation affecting indemnification rights will not adversely affect any right or protection of a director, officer, agent or other person existing at the time of, or increase the liability of any director of the Company with respect to any acts or omissions of such director, officer or agent occurring prior to such repeal or modification.
The bylawsform of the Company providePlacement Agent Agreement, to be filed as Exhibit 1.1 hereto, provides for the broad indemnification by the placement agent of us and our officers who sign this Registration Statement and directors and officersfor specified liabilities, including matters arising under the Securities Act.
| Item 15. | Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities. |
During the three-year period preceding the date of the Company and for advancementfiling of litigation expenses to the fullest extent permitted by current Delaware law. Any repeal or amendment of provisions of our bylaws affecting indemnification rights will (unless otherwise required by law) be prospective only, except to the extent such amendment or change in law permits us to provide broader indemnification rights on a retroactive basis, and will not in any way diminish or adversely affect any right or protection existing thereunder with respect to any act or omission occurring prior to such repeal or amendment or adoption of such inconsistent provision.
The Company has entered into indemnification contracts with its directors and officers. The Company maintains a policy of directors and officers liability insurance which reimburses the Company for expenses which it may incur in connection with the foregoing indemnity provisions and which may provide direct indemnification to directors and officers where the Company is unable to do so.
The right to indemnification is a contract right that includes the right to be paid by us the expenses incurred in defending or otherwise participating in any proceeding referenced above in advance of its final disposition, provided, however, that if the DGCL requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by our officer or director (solelythis registration statement, we have issued securities in the capacity as an officer or director of our corporation) will be made only upon delivery to us of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such officer or director, to repay all amounts so advanced if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses.transactions described below without registration under the Securities Act.
The rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses will not be deemed exclusive of any other rights which any person covered by our certificate of incorporation may have or hereafter acquire under law, our certificate of incorporation, our bylaws, an agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise.
Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.
On September 7, 2018, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement with Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. Pursuant to the terms of this agreement, Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. agreed to surrender and exchange an outstanding promissory note with a principal balance of $200,000 (plus accrued interest of $16,800) maturing on December 29, 2018. In exchange, the Company issued an unsecured convertible note with an aggregate principal amount of $270,000.
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On September 10, 2018, the Company issued to Baybridge Capital Funding, L.P. a $120,000 aggregate principal amount non-convertible promissory note. The Company received $100,000 of gross proceeds from this offering.
On September 14, 2018, the Company, issued a $150,000 Convertible Promissory Note in a private placement to Bellridge Capital, LP. On September 17, 2018, the Company received $150,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
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On October 2, 2018, the Company issued a $150,000 Secured Convertible Promissory Note in a private placement to Global Ichiban Ltd and received $125,000 of gross proceeds from this offering.
On October 16, 2018, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with Power Up Lending Group LTD., for the private placement of a $42,500 Convertible Promissory Note. On October 17, 2018, the Company received $42,500 of gross proceeds from this offering.
On October 22, 2018, the Company issued a $150,000 Secured Promissory Note in a private placement to Global Ichiban Ltd. On October 22, 2018, the Company received $125,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On November 5, 2018, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with St. George Investments LLC, for the private placement of a $1,220,000 Secured Convertible Promissory Note.
On November 7, 2018, the Company received $200,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note. In addition, the Company received additional consideration for this note in the form of eight separate promissory notes having an aggregate principal amount of $800,000. The Company received eight additional payments of $100,000 each between November 2018 through February 2019.
On December 31, 2018, the Company issued to Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. a $300,000 aggregate principal amount non-convertible promissory note and received $225,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On January 11, 2019, the Company entered into a note purchase agreement with Jason Widjaja for the private placement of a $330,000 Convertible Promissory Note and received $330,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On February 14, 2019, the Company, entered into a securities purchase with Power Up Lending Group LTD. for the private placement of a $54,500 Convertible Promissory Note and received $54,500 of gross proceeds from the offering of the Note.
On February 22, 2019, the Company sold and issued to GS Capital Partners, LLC a $108,068 aggregate principal amount unsecured convertible note and received $75,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On March 7, 2019, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with Power Up Lending Group LTD., for the private placement of a $52,500 Convertible Promissory Note. On March 11, 2019, the Company received $52,500 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On March 11, 2019, the Company entered into two securities exchange agreements with Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. Pursuant to the terms of this agreement, Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. agreed to surrender and exchange two outstanding promissory notes with principal balances of (i) $123,817 (including accrued interest), and (ii) $127,280 (including accrued interest). In exchange, the Company issued two unsecured convertible notes with a principal amount of (i) $160,000 and (ii) $150,000.
On March 11, 2019, the Company also issued to Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. a $60,000 aggregate principal amount non-convertible promissory note and received $50,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On March 13, 2019, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with St. George Investments LLC, for the private placement of a $365,000 Secured Convertible Promissory Note. Between March 22 and April 4, 2019, the Company received $305,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On May 2, 2019, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with Power Up Lending Group LTD., for the private placement of a $42,500 Convertible Promissory Note. On May 3, 2019, the Company received $42,500 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On May 2, 2019, the Company, entered into a securities exchange agreement with Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. Pursuant to the terms of this agreement, Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. agreed to surrender and exchange one outstanding promissory note with a principal balance of $349,650. In exchange, the Company issued one unsecured convertible note with a principal amount of $450,000.
On May 14, 2019, the Company issued to Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. a $100,000 aggregate principal amount non-convertible promissory note and received $75,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On July 8, 2019, the Company issued to Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. a $125,000 aggregate principal amount non-convertible promissory note and received $100,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On August 22, 2019, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement with Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. Pursuant to the terms of this agreement, Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. agreed to surrender and exchange an outstanding promissory note with principal balances of $323,400 (including accrued interest). In exchange, the Company issued an unsecured convertible note with a principal amount of $400,000.
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On August 22, 2019, the Company issued to Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. a $65,000 aggregate principal amount non-convertible promissory note and received $45,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On August 26, 2019, the Company issued to GS Capital Partners, LLC a $70,500 aggregate principal amount unsecured convertible note in exchange for $68,425 of gross proceeds.
On September 9, 2019, the Company issued to Baybridge Capital Fund, L.P. a $150,000 aggregate principal amount non-convertible promissory note. The Company received $110,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of the note.
On October 22, 2019, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement with Bellridge Capital, L.P. Pursuant to the terms of this agreement, Bellridge Capital, L.P. agreed to surrender and exchange an outstanding promissory note with principal balances of $277,342 (including accrued interest). In exchange, the Company issued an unsecured convertible note with a principal amount of $450,000.
On June 9, 2020, the Company issued to Penumbra Solar Technologies, Inc. a $250,000 aggregate principal amount convertible promissory note. The Company received $250,000 of gross proceeds from this transaction.
On September 22, 2020, the Company issued to Crowdex 2,000 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock at a price of $1,000 per share, resulting in gross proceeds of $2,000,000 to the Company.
On September 9, 2020, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement with Global Ichiban Limited. Pursuant to the terms of this agreement, Global Ichiban Limited agreed to surrender and exchange all of its existing outstanding promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $6,374,667 (including accrued interest). In exchange, the Company issued a secured convertible promissory note with a principal amount of $6,400,000 (the “GI Exchange Note”). On March 9, 2021, the Company entered into a settlement agreement with Global Ichiban Limited. Pursuant to the settlement agreement, the Company issued 168,000,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company to GI in exchange for the cancellation of the GI Exchange Note, which had an outstanding principal balance of $5,800,000.
On November 27, 2020, the Company issued to Crowdex Investments, LLC a $500,000 unsecured convertible promissory note in a private placement and received $500,000 of gross proceeds from the offering of this note.
On December 18, 2020, the Company entered into a securities exchange agreement with BD 1 Investment Holding LLC, who had previously acquired all of the Company’s existing outstanding unsecured notes (other than notes held by Global Ichiban Limited) from the original note holders. Pursuant to the terms of this agreement, BD 1 Investment Holding LLC agreed to surrender and exchange all of its outstanding promissory notes with principal balances of approximately $10,400,000 (including accrued interest and default penalties). In exchange and without the payment of any additional consideration, the Company issued two unsecured convertible notes with an aggregate principal amount of $10,500,000.
On December 31, 2020, the Company sold 500 shares of Series 1A Preferred Stock to Crowdex in exchange for the cancellation of a note issued to Crowdex on November 27, 2020. There were no additional cash proceeds from this closing. The Company and Crowdex also amended the Series 1A SPA to reduce Crowdex’s Tranche 2 closing commitment from $3 million to $500,000.
On January 4, 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement to issue 2,500 shares of the Company’s Series 1A Preferred Stock to TubeSolar AG at a price of $1,000 per share. On January 5, 2021, the Company received gross proceeds of $2,500,000 from this transaction.
On March 4, 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement to issue 75,000,00075 shares of the Company’s Common Stock to Baybridge Capital Fund in a private placement at a per share price of $0.04.$40,000. On March 9, 2021, the Company received gross proceeds of $3,000,000 from this transaction.
On August 2, 2021, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC for the private placement of an aggregate of 666,666,672667 shares of the Company’s common stock at a fixed price of $0.015 per share in two tranches of 333,333,336333 shares in exchange for $5,000,000.04$5,000,000 of gross proceeds each. On September 2, 2021, the parties closed on the first tranche and, on November 5, 2021, the parties closed on the second tranche, receiving aggregate gross proceeds of $10,000,000.08.$10,000,000
On August 16, 2021, the Company issued to each of BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC and Nanyang Investment Management Pte. Ltd. an unsecured convertible promissory note with principal amount of $9,740,000 and $600,000, respectively, replacing a convertible promissory note with principal amount of $10,340,000 previously issued to BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC.
On January 3, 2021, the Company issued to each of BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC and Fleur Capital Pte. Ltd an unsecured convertible promissory note with principal amount of $8,740,000 and $1,000,000, respectively, replacing a convertible promissory note with principal amount of $9,740,000 previously issued to BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC.
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On January 21, 2021, the Company issued to each of BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC and Nanyang Investment Management Pte. Ltd an unsecured convertible promissory note with principal amount of $7,740,000 and $1,000,000, respectively, replacing a convertible promissory note with principal amount of $8,740,000 previously issued to BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC.
On February 1 and 2, 2022, holders of: (i) $9,200,000 aggregate principal amount of our outstanding convertible promissory notes converted such notes (in accordance with their existing, split-adjusted terms) into 92,000 shares of newly issued post-split common stock, and (ii) 3,700 outstanding shares of Series 1A convertible preferred stock converted such preferred shares (in accordance with their existing, split-adjusted terms) into 37,000 shares of newly issued post-split common stock.
On August 8, 2022, the Company entered a securities purchase agreement (“SPA”) with Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund (“Lucro” or “Investor”), an affiliate of Fleur Capital (S) Pte Ltd (“Fleur”), for a $5 million private placement (the “Private Placement”) of an aggregate of 4,717 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, $0.0001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), and warrants exercisable for up to an additional 7,076 shares of Common Stock (the “Warrants”). The Private Placement closed on August 19, 2022. In connection with such closing, the Company (i) received $4 million of gross cash proceeds from Investor and (ii) the outstanding $1 million Bridge Promissory Note held by Investor was automatically cancelled and converted into Common Stock and Warrants in accordance with the terms of such Bridge Promissory Note. The proceeds of the Private Placement will be used for the Company’s general corporate purposes. The Shares and Warrants were sold in units (the “Units”) at a fixed price of $1,060 per Unit. Each Unit consists of (i) one Share and (ii) Warrants exercisable for 1.5 shares of Common Stock.
On December 19, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Contract (the “Purchase Contract”) with two institutional investors for the issuance of $12,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes, for a purchase price of $11,250,000 in cash, net of an original issuance discount of $1,250,000 (the “Registered Advance Notes”). The Registered Advance Notes were offered and sold pursuant to a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 and a related prospectus supplement, dated December 19, 2022.
Under the Purchase Contract, in a concurrent private placement (the “Private Placement”), the Company (i) issued to the Investors an additional $2,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes, for a purchase price, together with the warrants described in (ii) below, of $2,250,000 in cash, net of an original issuance discount of $250,000 (the “Private Placement Advance Notes” and, together with the Registered Advance Notes, the “Advance Notes”).
In connection with the Purchase Contract, the Company also issued to the investors common stock warrants (“Warrants”) exercisable for 12,568 shares of the Company’s Common Stock, at an exercise price equal to $786.00 per share, in each case subject to adjustment in the event of share dividends, share splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting shares of the Company’s Common Stock, as well as future issuance by the Company of securities with a purchase or conversion, exercise or exchange price that is less than the exercise price of the Warrants in effect at any time. The Warrants will be exercisable for five years from their date of issuance.
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On June 29, 2023, the Company issued to certain investors 900 shares of the Company’s newly designated Series 1B Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series 1B Preferred Stock”) in exchange for $900,000 of gross proceeds.
The securities described above were deemed exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance upon Section 3(a)(9), Section 4(a)(2) or Regulation D of the Securities Act. There were no underwriters employed in connection with any of the transactions set forth in this Item 15.
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| Item 16. | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules. |
Item 16.(a) Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.. The following exhibits are filed as part of this Registration Statement:
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| 10.7 | Novation Agreement, dated January 1, 2007, among the Company, ITN Energy Systems, Inc. and the United States Government (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2006) | |
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| 10.9† | Seventh Amended and Restated 2008 Restricted Stock Plan | |
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| Filing Fee Table (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 107 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on February 14, 2024 (Reg. No. 333-277070) | |
| * | Filed herewith. | |
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| To be filed by | |
CTR | Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. | |
† | Denotes management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. | |
+ | Certain portions of the exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Rule 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K. The omitted information is (i) not material and (ii) would likely cause competitive harm to the Company if publicly disclosed. |
| II-7 |
Item 17. Undertakings.
| Item 17. | Undertakings. |
| (a) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes: |
(1) | To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: |
i. | To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933; | ||
ii. | To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; | ||
iii. | To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement. | ||
| (2) | That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. | ||
(3) | To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. |
(4) | That for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933 in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser: |
i. | Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; |
ii. | Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; |
iii. | The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and |
iv. | Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser. |
(5) | That for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser, if the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement |
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made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use. |
(b) | Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. |
(c) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that: |
(1) | For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective. |
(2) | For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
| II-8 |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this registration statementAmendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the Citycity of Thornton, in the State of Colorado, on the 2ndthis 23rd day of February, 2022.2024.
ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. | |||
By: |
| /s/ Jin Jo | |
|
| Jin Jo | |
|
| Chief | |
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POWER OF ATTORNEY
Each person whose signature appears below hereby appoints Victor Lee as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution, and with the authority to execute in the name of each such person, any and all amendments (including without limitation, post-effective amendments) to this registration statement on Form S-1, to sign any and all additional registration statements relating to the same offering of securities as this registration statement that are filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, and to file such registration statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission, together with any exhibits thereto and other documents therewith, necessary or advisable to enable the registrant to comply with the Securities Act of 1933, and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission in respect thereof, which amendments may make such other changes in the registration statement as the aforesaid attorney-in-fact executing the same deems appropriate.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement on Form S-1 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
| Date | ||
/s/ |
| February | ||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | |||
| /s/ | Chief Financial Officer | February | ||
| (Principal Financial and Accounting | |||
|
|
| ||
| Director | February 23, 2024 | ||
| David Peterson | ||||
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|
| ||
| ||||
| * | Director | February 23, 2024 | ||
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|
| ||
| ||||
| Director | February | ||
| ||||
| * | Director | February 23, 2024 | ||
| Gregory Thompson |
By: /s/ Jin Jo
Jin Jo
Attorney-in-Fact*
| II-9 |
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