We have incurred net losses in each fiscal year since inception, we expect to incur net losses for the foreseeable future, and we may not achieve or sustain profitability in the future. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, we incurred net losses of $19.6 million and $34.0 million, respectively. For the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and 2021, we incurred net losses of $17.1$26.1 million and $24.2$33.8 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2020 and JuneSeptember 30, 2021, we had an accumulated deficit of $152.5 million and $176.6$186.3 million, respectively. We expect to make significant future expenditures related to the development and expansion of our business, including acquiring new customers, expanding relationships with existing customers across core and new departments, expanding our global footprint, innovating and expanding our platform, growing our sales and marketing investments, expanding our operations and infrastructure both domestically and internationally, attracting and retaining our community of contributors, and in connection with legal, tax, accounting, and other administrative and compliance expenses related to operating as a public company. These efforts may prove more expensive than we currently anticipate, and we may not succeed in increasing our revenue sufficiently, or at all, to offset these higher expenses. While our revenue has grown in recent years, if our revenue declines or fails to grow at a rate faster than these increases in our operating expenses, we may not be able to achieve or sustain profitability in future periods. As a result, we may continue to generate losses. We cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability in the future or that, if we do become profitable, we will be able to sustain profitability in any given period, or at all.

The market for customer experience software solutions is new and rapidly evolving, fragmented, and highly competitive. Our competitors vary in size and in the breadth and scope of the products and services they offer. Our primary competition are manual internal processes that companies use to get customer feedback, which frequently involve using a variety of different tools. Certain features of our platform compete with existing products and services within the overall customer experience market. Providers of those products and services fall within the following categories: online sentiment and survey companies; product analytics companies; marketing analytics companies; point solution vendors offering usability research tools; research services firms; and panel aggregators. Further, because our market is new and rapidly developing, it is possible that new entrants, especially those with substantial resources, more efficient operating models, more rapid technology and content development cycles or lower marketing costs, could introduce new products and services that disrupt our market and better address the needs of our customers and potential customers. While we have reasons to believe we compete favorably against these competitors, some of our existing competitors and potential future competitors are larger and have greater brand-name recognition, longer operating histories, larger marketing budgets, established marketing relationships, access to larger customer bases, and significantly greater resources for the development of their offerings and solutions. Our competitors may be able to respond more quickly and effectively than we can to new or changing opportunities, technologies, or enterprise requirements. Moreover, we expect that an increasing focus on customer satisfaction and the growth of various communications channels and new technologies will have a significant impact

Many of our current and potential competitors benefit from competitive advantages over us, including:

Some of our current or potential competitors may be able to offer products or services or functionality similar to ours at a more attractive price than we can, including by integrating or bundling such products and services with their other offerings. Acquisitions, partnerships, and consolidation in our industry may provide our competitors even more resources or may increase the likelihood of our competitors offering bundled or integrated products and services that we may not be able to effectively compete against. Furthermore, we are also subject to the risk of future disruptive technologies. If new technologies emerge that are able to collect and process experience tests, or competitors are otherwise able to develop customer experience offerings at lower prices, more efficiently, more conveniently or with greater functionality and features than ours, our ability to compete may be adversely impacted. If we are not able to compete successfully against our current and future competitors, our business, operating results, and financial condition would be adversely affected.

Our ability to achieve significant growth in revenue in the future will depend, in large part, upon our ability to attract new customers. We may not be able to attract new organizations to our platform for a variety of reasons, including as a result of their use of traditional approaches to improving customer experience, their budgets, or the pricing and features of our platform compared to competitive products and services. If we fail to attract new customers and fail to maintain and expand new customer relationships, our revenue may grow more slowly than we expect and our business, operating results, and financial condition would be adversely affected.

Our future revenue growth also depends upon expanding revenue from existing customers. If our existing customers do not renew their subscriptions, our revenue may grow slower than expected, may not grow at all, or may decline.

During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, sales and marketing expenses represented approximately 49% and 58% of our total revenue, respectively. During the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and 2021, sales and marketing expenses represented approximately 58% and 59% of our total revenue, respectively. We plan to continue expanding our sales efforts, both domestically and internationally, but we may be unable to hire qualified sales personnel, may be unable to successfully train those sales personnel that we are able to hire, and sales personnel may not become fully productive on the timelines that we have projected or at all. Additionally, although we dedicate significant resources to sales and marketing programs, these sales and marketing programs may not have the desired effect and may not expand sales. We cannot assure you that our efforts would result in attracting new customers,

The vast majority of our subscription arrangements typically have a one-year, non-cancelable term but may be longer or shorter in limited circumstances, with some large, multi-year contracts ranging up to three years. Our customers generally have no obligation to renew their subscriptions after the expiration of their initial subscription period. Moreover, our customers that do renew their subscriptions may renew for less seats or usage amounts or for shorter subscription periods. Customer renewals may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including the reductions in our customers’ spending levels, higher volumes of usage purchased upfront relative to actual usage during the subscription term, changes in customers’ business models and use cases, our customers’ satisfaction or dissatisfaction with our platform, the value that our customers derive from our platform and the CxNs they collect, our pricing or pricing structure, the pricing or capabilities of competitive products or services, or the effects of global economic conditions, including weakened economic conditions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. If our customers do not renew their agreements with us, or renew on terms less favorable to us, our revenue may decline.

Our future success and demand for our platform will depend on several factors, including our ability to adapt and innovate and deliver high-quality CxNs and insights to our customers, competitive pricing, integration with other technologies and our platform, our ability to maintain a high-quality network of contributors, and overall market acceptance. To attract new customers and increase revenue from our existing customers, we will need to enhance and improve our existing platform, including introducing new products, services, features, and functionality, and extending our platform for new use cases. Enhancements to our platform may not be introduced in a timely or cost-effective manner, may contain errors or defects, and may have interoperability difficulties with aspects of our platform, or may not achieve the market acceptance necessary to generate significant revenue. If our customers believe that deploying our enhancements would be overly time-consuming, confusing, or technically challenging, then our ability to grow our business would be substantially harmed. We have in the past experienced delays in our internally planned release dates of new products, services, features, and functionality, and there can be no assurance that new developments will be released according to schedule. We have also invested, and may continue to invest, in the acquisition of complementary businesses and technologies that we believe will enhance our platform. However, we may not be able to integrate these acquisitions successfully or achieve the expected benefits of such acquisitions. If we are unable to successfully develop, acquire, or integrate new products, features, and functionality or enhance our existing platform to meet the needs of our existing or potential customers in a timely and effective manner, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

In addition, because our platform is designed to operate on a variety of applications, systems, and devices, we will need to continually modify and enhance our platform to keep pace with technological advancements in such applications, systems, and devices. If we are unable to respond in a timely, customer-friendly, and cost-effective manner to these rapid technological developments, our platform may become less marketable and less competitive or obsolete, and our business, operating results, and financial condition may be adversely affected.

Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated in the past and may fluctuate in the future. Additionally, we have a limited operating history with the current scale of our business, which makes it difficult to forecast our future results and subjects us to a number of uncertainties, including our ability to plan for and anticipate future growth. As a result, you should not rely upon our past quarterly operating results as indicators of future performance. We have encountered, and will continue to encounter, risks and uncertainties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly evolving markets, such as the risks and uncertainties described herein. Our operating results in any given

The impact of one or more of the foregoing and other factors may cause our operating results to vary significantly. As such, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our operating results may not be meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. The variability and unpredictability of our operating results could result in our failure to meet our expectations or those of analysts that

Currently, a substantial majority of our revenue is earned under a subscription pricing model, and we generally recognize revenue ratably over the term of a subscription. As a result, a significant portion of the revenue we report in each quarter is derived from the recognition of revenue relating to subscriptions entered into during previous quarters. Consequently, a decline in new or renewed subscriptions in any single quarter may have a minimal impact on our revenue for that quarter. However, such a decline would negatively affect our revenue in future quarters. Accordingly, the effect of significant downturns in sales and market acceptance of our platform, and potential changes in our rate of renewals, may not be fully reflected in our operating results until future periods. In addition, we have elected to expense renewal commissions in the period of booking if the period of amortization is one year or less, while revenue is recognized over the life of the agreement with our customer. As a result, a high level of renewals could continue to result in our recognition of more costs than revenue in the earlier periods of the terms of our agreements. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” for additional information.

Moreover, a substantial majority of our customers pay for our platform under a seat-based subscription plan. However, to provide our customers additional flexibility, in the fourth quarter of 2020, we introduced a flex-based subscription pricing plan to both new and existing customers as an additional pricing option. Due to the recent introduction of this new pricing plan, we are unable to fully predict at this time the impacts it may have on our business, and, to the extent that our flex-based subscription plan represents a greater share of our revenue over time, we may have reduced visibility into our operating results. There is a risk that a flex-based subscription pricing plan may ultimately result in lower total cost to our customers over time or may cause our customers to limit utilization in order to stay within the limits of their existing flex-based subscription pricing plan, reducing overall revenue. Moreover, the introduction of a flex-based subscription pricing plan may impact annual renewal rates in a manner that we are unable to predict at this time. In addition, if we are unable to effectively implement information technology systems critical to managing our flex-based subscription pricing plan, we may be unable to accurately forecast our business and operating results under that pricing model.

Our subscription or pricing models may not accurately reflect the optimal pricing necessary to attract new customers and retain existing customers as the market matures. As the market for our platform matures, or as competitors introduce new products and services that compete with ours, we may be unable to attract new customers and retain existing customers at the same price or based on the same pricing models as we have used historically. Within each of our two primary subscription pricing plans, we offer specific editions based on varying levels of tools, features, and functionality. Therefore, pricing decisions may impact the mix of adoption among our subscription pricing plans and negatively impact our overall revenue. In addition, we are unable to predict at this time whether our recently introduced flex-based subscription pricing plan option is optimally priced. Moreover, we may from time to time decide to make further changes to our pricing model due to a variety of reasons, including changes to the market for our products and services, pricing pressures, and the introduction of new products and services by competitors. Changes to any components of our pricing model may, among other things, result in customer dissatisfaction and could lead to a loss of customers and could negatively impact our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Our platform processes, stores, and transmits certain customer and contributor data, including personally identifiable information or personal information. Our platform is built to be available on the infrastructure of third-

Unauthorized access to, or other security breaches of, our platform or the other systems or networks used in our business, including our own systems as well as those of our vendors, contractors, partners, or those with which we have strategic relationships, could result in the unauthorized disclosure, loss, compromise, exfiltration, destruction, or corruption of customer, contributor, or other personal data, including sensitive data, loss of business, reputational damage adversely affecting customer, contributor, or investor confidence, regulatory investigations and orders, class action or other litigation, indemnity obligations, damages for contract breach, penalties for violation of applicable laws or regulations, notification obligations, significant costs for remediation, and other liabilities. If our security measures or those of our service providers are breached, or are perceived to have been breached, as a result of third-party action, including cyber-attacks or other intentional misconduct by computer hackers, employee error, malfeasance, or otherwise, and someone obtains unauthorized access to our data or other data we or our service providers maintain, including sensitive customer and contributor data, personal information, intellectual property, and other confidential financial or business information, we could face loss of business, regulatory investigations, or orders, and our reputation could be severely damaged. We could be required to expend significant capital and other resources to alleviate the problem, as well as incur significant costs and liabilities, including due to litigation, indemnity obligations, damages for contract breach, penalties for violation of applicable laws or regulations, and costs for remediation and other incentives offered to customers, contributors, or other business partners in an effort to maintain business relationships after a breach or other incident. Moreover, if our platform is perceived as not being secure, regardless of whether our or our service providers’ security measures are actually breached, we could suffer harm to our reputation, and our business, operating results, and financial condition would be negatively impacted.

We cannot ensure that our or our service providers’ measures to prevent security breaches or other security incidents will not result in the loss of information, litigation, indemnity obligations, penalties, and other liability. Similarly, we cannot ensure that any limitations of liability provisions in our contracts would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from any liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim relating to a security breach or other security-related matters. Certain of our customer contracts do not limit our liability with respect to security breaches and other security-related matters. We also cannot be sure that our existing insurance coverage will continue to be available on acceptable terms or will be available in sufficient amounts to cover one or more large claims related to a security incident or breach, or that the insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Moreover, cyber-attacks and other malicious Internet-based activities continue to increase generally. Further, we may experience increased cyber-attacks and security challenges as our employee base works remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access to or sabotage systems change frequently and generally are not identified until they are launched against a target, we and our service providers may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. In addition, third parties may attempt to fraudulently induce employees, contractors, or contributors to disclose information to gain access to our data, our customers’ data, or our contributors’ data. We could suffer significant damage to our brand and reputation if a cyber-attack or other security incident were to result in unauthorized access to or modification of any of our customer’s data, contributor’s data, other external data, or our own data or our IT systems or if the services we provide to our customers were disrupted, or if our platform is perceived as having security vulnerabilities. Customers and contributors could lose confidence in the security and reliability of our platform and perceive them to be not secure. This could lead to fewer customers and contributors using our platform and result in reduced revenue

Although we were founded in 2007, we have changed our business model significantly over time. For example, while we first launched our platform for enterprise customers in 2012, we did not invest significantly in our enterprise solution until we hired our enterprise sales force in 2016. In addition, in the fourth quarter of 2020, we launched a flex-based subscription pricing plan and began a roll out to both new and existing customers as an additional pricing option. As a result, our business and pricing models have not been fully proven, and we have only a limited operating history with our current business and pricing models to evaluate our business and future prospects, which subjects us to a number of uncertainties, including our ability to plan for and model future growth. Therefore, our historical revenue growth should not be considered indicative of our future performance.

We have experienced rapid growth in recent periods, and we expect to continue to invest broadly across our organization to support our growth. Our total revenue has grown from $76.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 to $102.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, and from $46.5$72.8 million for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 to $66.3$104.9 million for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2021. During this period, the number of our employees has grown from 402 as of December 31, 2019 to 556 as of December 31, 2020, and from 487533 as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 to 653705 as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021. Although we have experienced rapid growth historically, we may not sustain our current growth rates, nor can we assure you that our investments to support our growth will be successful. The growth and expansion of our business will require us to invest significant financial and operational resources and the continuous dedication of our management team.

We plan to continue to expand our international operations into more countries in the future, which will place additional demands on our resources and operations. The growth and expansion of our business has placed and continues to place a significant strain on our management, operations, financial infrastructure, and corporate culture. In the event of further growth of our business, our information technology systems and our internal controls and procedures may not be adequate to support our operations. We have also experienced significant growth in the number of customers, transactions, and amount of data that our platform and our associated hosting infrastructure support. For example, we had 190 customers with at least $100,000 of ARR as of December 31, 2020, reflecting growth of 39% from December 31, 2019, and we had 249279 customers with at least $100,000 of ARR as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, reflecting growth of 58% from JuneSeptember 30, 2020.

We have encountered, and will continue to encounter, risks and difficulties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly changing industries, including our ability to achieve market acceptance of our platform and attract and retain customers, as well as increasing competition and increasing expenses as we continue to grow our business. To manage any future growth effectively, we must continue to improve and expand our information technology and financial infrastructure, our operating and administrative systems and controls, our corporate governance systems, and our ability to manage headcount, capital, and processes in an efficient manner. We may not be able to successfully implement or scale improvements to our systems, processes, and controls in an efficient or timely manner.

We are in the early stages of implementing new information technology systems, including reporting tools and processes, critical to support and manage our expanded pricing plan options and the overall growth of our business, and, as a result, we have incurred and will continue to incur additional costs in connection with implementing these systems. If we are unable to effectively implement these systems, or if we experience disruption during the system implementation process, our ability to manage our business and forecast our operating results will be adversely affected. In addition, our existing and newly implemented systems, processes, and controls may not prevent or detect

Failure to manage growth effectively could result in difficulty or delays in attracting new customers, declines in quality or customer satisfaction and demand for our platform, increases in costs, difficulties in introducing new products and services or enhancing our platform, loss of customers and contributors, difficulties in attracting or retaining talent, or other operational difficulties, any of which could adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition. Effectively managing our growth may also be more difficult to accomplish the longer that our employees, our customers, and the overall economy is impacted due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Our network of contributors is an important element of our business model. Our ability to attract and maintain customers in the future may be affected by our ability to attract and engage high-quality contributors to provide their perspectives through our platform. Achieving engagement by a network of contributors may require us to increasingly engage in sophisticated, costly, and lengthy marketing efforts that may not result in the additional engagement we seek, or may not do so in a cost-effective manner. If we are unable to engage high-quality contributors, our reputation could be harmed, our existing customers may choose not to renew their subscriptions, and our business, operating results, and financial condition would be adversely impacted.

The software technology underlying our platform is inherently complex and may contain material defects or errors, particularly when first introduced or when new features or capabilities are released. In addition, our platform depends on the ability of our software to store, retrieve, process, and manage immense amounts of data. Although we continually test our platform for defects and work with customers through our customer support organization to identify and correct errors, we have from time to time found defects or errors on our platform, and new defects or errors in our existing platform or new software may be detected in the future by us or our users. There can be no assurance that our existing platform and new software will not contain defects. Any real or perceived defects, errors, failures, bugs, or vulnerabilities on our platform could result in negative publicity, data security, access, retention, or other performance issues and customer terminations and impair our ability to sell subscriptions to our platform and related services in the future, all of which could harm our business. The costs incurred in correcting such defects or errors in our platform may be substantial and could adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition. Moreover, the harm to our reputation and legal liability related to such defects or errors may be substantial and adversely impact our business, operating results, and financial condition. We are also reliant on third-party software and infrastructure, including the infrastructure of the Internet, to provide our platform. Any defects, failures or disruptions to our platform or this infrastructure that cause interruptions to the availability of our platform, loss of data, or other performance issues could result in, among other things:

While our customer agreements may contain limitations and disclaimers that purport to limit our liability for damages related to defects in our platform, such limitations and disclaimers may not be enforced by a court or other tribunal or otherwise effectively protect us from such claims. Accordingly, any errors, defects, or disruptions to our platform could adversely impact our business, operating results, and financial condition.

A key element of our strategy is to invest significantly in our research and development efforts to improve and develop new solutions and rapidly introduce new technologies, features, and functionality of our platform. For each of the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, our research and development expenses were 27% of our total revenue, and were 28% and 30%28% of our total revenue for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively. If we do not spend our research and development budget efficiently or effectively on compelling innovation and technologies, our business may be harmed and we may not realize the expected benefits of our strategy. Moreover, research and development projects can be technically challenging, time-consuming, and expensive. The nature of these research and development cycles may cause us to experience delays between the time we incur expenses associated with research and development and the time we are able to offer compelling platform updates and generate revenue, if any, from such investment. Additionally, anticipated demand for an enhancement to our platform could fail to materialize after the development cycle has commenced, and we would nonetheless be unable to avoid substantial costs associated with the development of any such platform enhancement. If we expend a significant amount of resources on research and development and our efforts do not lead to the successful enhancement of our platform that is competitive in our current or future markets, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We have been recognizing increased revenue from international sales, and we conduct our business activities in various foreign countries. We currently have operations in North America, Europe, and Asia. In the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, we derived approximately 9% and 15% of our total revenue, respectively, from customers located outside the United States. During the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and 2021, we derived approximately 14%15% and 17%18% of our total revenue, respectively, from customers located outside the United States. Our ability to manage our business and conduct our operations internationally requires considerable management attention and resources and is subject to the particular challenges of supporting a rapidly growing business in an environment of multiple cultures, customs, legal systems, regulatory systems, and commercial infrastructures. International expansion will require us to invest significant funds and other resources. Our operations in international markets may not develop at a rate that supports our level of investment. Expanding internationally may subject us to new risks that we have not faced before or increase risks that we currently face, including risks associated with:

Our international sales and operations may be subject to foreign governmental laws and regulations, which vary substantially from country to country. Further, we may be unable to keep up to date with changes in government laws and regulations as they change over time. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations could result in adverse effects to our business. In many foreign countries, it is common for others to engage in business practices that are prohibited by our internal policies and procedures or U.S. and foreign laws and regulations applicable to us. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with these laws and regulations and our internal policies, there can be no assurance that all of our employees, contractors, partners, and agents will comply with these laws and regulations or our internal policies. Violations of laws or regulations by our employees, contractors, partners, or agents could result in litigation, regulatory action, costs of investigation, delays in revenue recognition, delays in financial reporting, financial reporting misstatements, fines, penalties, or a prohibition on selling our platform, any of which could have an adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate. The estimates and forecasts in this prospectus relating to the size and expected growth of our target market may prove to be inaccurate. Even if the markets in which we compete meet the size estimates and growth forecasted in this prospectus, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all. Certain of these estimates are calculated using internal data and the estimates in this prospectus are

Once our platform is deployed to our customers, our customers rely on our support services to resolve any related issues. High-quality customer education and customer support is important for the successful marketing and sale of our products and for the increase within existing customers. The importance of high-quality customer support will increase as we expand our business and pursue new organizations. If we do not help our customers quickly resolve post-deployment issues and provide effective ongoing customer support, our ability to maintain and increase within existing customers could suffer and our reputation with existing or potential customers could be harmed.

The majority of our customer base consists of large and mid-sized organizations, and we currently generate a significant portion of our revenue from a relatively small number of organizations. Accordingly, the loss of any one of our larger customers could have a material adverse impact on our revenue. While we expect that the revenue from our largest customers will decrease over time as a percentage of our revenue as we generate more revenue from other customers, we also believe that revenue from our largest customers may continue to account for a significant portion of our revenue, at least in the near term. In the event that these large customers discontinue the use of our platform or uses our platform in a more limited capacity, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

As a substantial portion of our sales efforts are increasingly targeted at large enterprise customers, we face greater costs, longer sales cycles, and less predictability in the completion of some of our sales. Larger organizations typically have longer decision-making cycles, require greater functionality and scalability, expect a broader range of services, demand that vendors take on a larger share of risks, demand higher levels of customer service and support, and expect greater payment flexibility from vendors. We are often required to spend time and resources to better familiarize potential customers with the value proposition of our platform. As a result of these factors, sales opportunities with large organizations may require us to devote greater sales and administrative support and professional services resources to individual customers, which could increase our costs, lengthen our sales cycle, and divert our own sales and professional services resources to a smaller number of larger customers. We may spend substantial time, effort, and money in our sales efforts without being successful in producing any sales. All these factors can add further risk to business conducted with these customers. In addition, if sales expected from a large customer for a particular quarter are not realized in that quarter or at all, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

To date, most of our revenue has been attributable to the efforts of our direct sales force. In order to increase our revenue and achieve and sustain profitability, we must increase the size of our direct sales force, both in the United States and internationally, to generate additional revenue from new and existing customers.

We believe that there is significant competition for sales personnel with the skills and technical knowledge that we require. Because our platform is often sold to large organizations and involves a long sales cycle, it is more

We periodically change and make adjustments to our sales organization in response to market opportunities, competitive threats, management changes, product and service introductions or enhancements, acquisitions, sales performance, increases in sales headcount, cost levels, and other internal and external considerations. Any future sales organization changes may result in a temporary reduction of productivity, which could negatively affect our rate of growth. In addition, any significant change to the way we structure our compensation of our sales organization may be disruptive and may affect our revenue growth.

We depend on, and anticipate that we will continue to depend on, various third-party relationships in order to sustain and grow our business, including technology companies whose products integrate with ours. Failure of any of these technology companies to maintain, support, or secure their technology platforms in general, and our integrations in particular, or errors or defects in their technologies or products, could adversely affect our relationships with our customers, damage our brand and reputation, and result in delays or difficulties in our ability to provide our platform. Identifying, negotiating, and documenting relationships with strategic third parties requires significant time and resources. Our agreements with these third parties are typically limited in duration, non-exclusive, and do not prohibit our partners from working with our competitors or from offering competing services.

If we are unsuccessful in establishing or maintaining our relationships with these strategic third parties, or realizing the anticipated benefits from such partnerships, our ability to compete in the marketplace or to grow our revenue could be impaired and our operating results may suffer.

Our customers and prospective customers expect our platform to integrate with a variety of software systems, and we need to continuously modify and enhance our platform to adapt to changes in software, browser, and database technologies. In general, we rely on the fact that the providers of such software systems continue to allow us access to their application programming interfaces (APIs) to enable these customer integrations. In the future we expect to integrate our platform with additional third-party APIs and we anticipate that we will be unable to rely on long-term written contracts to govern our relationships with these providers and instead will be subject to the standard terms and conditions for application developers of such providers, which govern the distribution, operation, and fees of such software systems, and which are subject to change by such providers from time to time. As such, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely impacted.

Our operating results may vary based on the impact of changes in our industry or the economy more generally on us or our customers. Our business and operating results depend on demand for information technology generally and for customer experience software solutions platforms in particular, which in turn is influenced by the scale of business that our customers are conducting. Weak economic conditions, either in the U.S. or internationally, including as a result of changes in gross domestic product growth, financial and credit market fluctuations, political turmoil, natural catastrophes or conflict, and public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and related public health measures, could cause a decrease in business investments, including spending on information technology generally. To the extent that weak economic conditions cause our existing customers or potential customers to reduce their budget for customer experience solutions platforms or to perceive spending on such systems as discretionary, demand for our platform may be adversely affected. Moreover, customers and potential customers may require extended billing terms and other financial concessions, which would limit our ability to grow our business and adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition.

We currently host our platform, serve our customers, and support our operations worldwide primarily using AWS. Despite precautions, we may also experience planned and unplanned costs, interruptions, delays, and outages in service or other performance problems in connection with such cloud infrastructure services. We do not have control over the operations of the AWS facilities. These facilities are vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, cyber security attacks, terrorist attacks, power losses, telecommunications failures, and similar events. The occurrence of a natural disaster or an act of terrorism, a decision to close the facilities without adequate notice, or other unanticipated problems could result in lengthy interruptions in the performance of our platform and services. In particular, the California-based data facilities are located in an area known for seismic activity, increasing our susceptibility to the risk that an earthquake could significantly harm the operations of these facilities. The facilities also could be subject to break-ins, computer viruses, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism, and other misconduct. Our platform’s continuing and uninterrupted performance is critical to our success. As such, it is critical for our business that our platform be accessible without interruption or degradation of performance, and we typically provide our customers with service level commitments with respect to annual uptime. Customers may become dissatisfied by any system failure that interrupts the availability or functionality of our platform or services. Outages could lead to the triggering of our service level agreements and the issuance of credits to our customers, in which case, we may not be fully indemnified for such losses pursuant to our agreement with AWS. We may not be able to easily convert our AWS operations to another cloud provider if there are disruptions or interference with our use of AWS. Sustained or repeated system failures would reduce the attractiveness of our platform to customers and result in contract terminations, thereby reducing revenue. Moreover, negative publicity arising from these types of disruptions could damage our reputation and may adversely impact use of our platform. We may not carry sufficient business interruption insurance to compensate us for losses that may occur as a result of any events that cause interruptions in our service.

In addition, AWS does not have an obligation to renew its agreements with us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. If we are unable to renew our agreements with AWS or enter into a cloud services agreement on commercially reasonable terms with another service provider, if our agreements with our service providers are terminated, or, if in the future, we add additional data center providers, we may experience costs or downtime in connection with the transfer to, or the addition of, new data center providers. If these providers were to increase the cost of their services, we may have to increase the price of our platform, and our operating results may be adversely impacted.

Our customers use our platform for important aspects of their businesses, and any errors, defects, or disruptions to our platform, or other performance problems with our platform could harm our brand and reputation and may damage our customers’ businesses. We are also reliant on third-party software and infrastructure, including the infrastructure of the Internet, to provide our platform. Any failure of or disruption to this software and infrastructure could also make our platform unavailable to our customers. Our platform is constantly changing with new software releases, which may contain undetected errors when first introduced or released. Any errors, defects, disruptions in service, or other performance problems with our platform could result in negative publicity, loss of or delay in market acceptance of our products, loss of competitive position, delay of payment to us, lower consumption rates, or claims by customers for losses sustained by them. In such an event, we may be required, or may choose, for customer relations or other reasons, to expend additional resources in order to help correct the problem. Accordingly, any errors, defects, or disruptions to our platform could adversely impact our brand and reputation, revenue, and operating results.

Our customer contracts typically provide for service level commitments, which relate to annual uptime and, for premiere support, certain response times. If we are unable to meet the stated service level commitments or suffer extended periods of unavailability for our platform, we may be contractually obligated to provide these customers with service credits, refunds for prepaid amounts related to unused subscription services, or other remedies, or we could face contract terminations. In addition, we could face legal claims for breach of contract, tort, or breach of warranty. Although we typically have contractual protections, such as warranty disclaimers and limitation of liability provisions, in our customer agreements, they may not fully or effectively protect us from claims by customers, commercial relationships, or other third parties. We may not be fully indemnified by our vendors for service interruptions that are beyond our control, and any insurance coverage we may have may not adequately cover all claims asserted against us, or cover only a portion of such claims. In addition, even claims that ultimately are unsuccessful could result in our expenditure of funds in litigation and divert management’s time and other resources. As such, our revenue could be adversely impacted if we fail to meet our service level commitments under our agreements with our customers, including, but not limited to, support response times and service outages. Thus, we have not been required to provide customers with service credits that have been material to our operating results, but we cannot assure you that we will not incur material costs associated with providing service credits to our customers in the future.

Therefore, any failure to meet our service level commitments could adversely impact our reputation, business, operating results, and financial condition.

We have developed a strong and trusted brand identity that we believe has contributed significantly to the success of our business. We believe that continuing to develop, enhance and maintain our brand and reputation in a cost-effective manner are important to achieving widespread acceptance of our platform and are important elements in attracting new customers and contributors and maintaining existing customers and contributors. We believe that the importance of our brand and reputation will increase as competition in our market further intensifies. Successful promotion of our brand will depend on the effectiveness of our marketing efforts, our ability to provide a reliable and useful platform at competitive prices, the perceived value of our platform, and our ability to provide quality customer support. In addition, the promotion of our brand requires us to make substantial expenditures, and we anticipate that the expenditures will increase as our market becomes more competitive, as we expand into new markets, and as more sales are generated through our strategic partners. Brand promotion activities may not yield increased revenue, and even if they do, the increased revenue may not offset the expenses we incur in building and

We typically enter into non-cancelable agreements with a term of one year with our customers, but which may be longer or shorter in limited circumstances, with some large, multi-year contracts ranging up to three years. If customers fail to pay us under the terms of our agreements, we may be adversely affected both from the inability to collect amounts due and the cost of enforcing the terms of our contracts, including litigation. The risk of such negative effects increases with the term length of our customer arrangements. Furthermore, some of our customers may seek bankruptcy protection or other similar relief and fail to pay amounts due to us, or pay those amounts in an untimely manner, either of which could adversely affect our operating results, financial position, and cash flow. Moreover, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, some existing customers have negotiated, and others may attempt to renegotiate, contracts and obtain concessions, including, among other things, longer payment terms or modified subscription dates, or may fail to make payments on their existing contracts, which may materially and negatively impact our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Our future success depends on our continuing ability to attract, train, assimilate, and retain highly skilled personnel, including software engineers and sales personnel. We face intense competition for qualified individuals from numerous software and other technology companies. In addition, competition for qualified personnel, particularly software engineers, is particularly intense in the San Francisco Bay Area, where our headquarters are located. We may not be able to retain our current key employees or attract, train, assimilate, or retain other highly skilled personnel in the future. We may incur significant costs to attract and retain highly skilled personnel, and we may lose new employees to our competitors or other technology companies before we realize the benefit of our investment in recruiting and training them. As we move into new geographies, we will need to attract and recruit skilled personnel in those areas. If we are unable to attract and retain suitably qualified individuals who are capable of meeting our growing technical, operational, and managerial requirements, on a timely basis or at all, our business, operating results, and financial condition may be adversely affected.

Our future success also depends in large part on the continued services of senior management and other key personnel. We rely on our leadership team in the areas of operations, strategy, security, marketing, sales, support, and general and administrative functions, and on individual contributors on our research and development team. Our senior management and other key personnel are all employed on an at-will basis, which means that they could terminate their employment with us at any time, for any reason, and without notice. We do not currently maintain key-person life insurance policies on any of our officers or employees. If we lose the services of senior management or other key personnel, or if we are unable to attract, train, assimilate, and retain the highly skilled personnel we need, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Volatility or lack of appreciation in our stock price may also affect our ability to attract and retain our key employees. Many of our senior personnel and other key employees have become, or will soon become, vested in a substantial amount of stock or stock options. Employees may be more likely to leave us if the shares they own or the shares underlying their vested options have significantly appreciated in value relative to the original purchase price of the shares or the exercise price of the options, or conversely, if the exercise price of the options that they hold are significantly above the market price of our common stock. If we are unable to retain our employees, or if we need to increase our compensation expenses to retain our employees, our business, operating results, and financial condition, could be adversely affected.

We believe that our corporate culture has been a key contributor to our success. We have worked to develop our culture, and we strive to empower our employees to continuously learn, evolve, and grow, and treat each other with respect. If we do not continue to develop our corporate culture as we grow and evolve, including maintaining a culture that encourages a sense of ownership by our employees, it could harm our ability to foster the innovation, creativity, and teamwork we believe that we need to support our growth. We expect to continue to hire as we expand. As our organization grows and we are required to implement more complex organizational structures, we may find it increasingly difficult to maintain the beneficial aspects of our corporate culture, which could negatively impact our future success. In addition, potential liquidity events could create disparities of wealth among our employees, which could adversely impact relations among employees and our corporate culture in general. Our anticipated headcount growth and our transition from a private company to a public company may result in a change to our corporate culture, which could adversely impact our business.

Most members of our management team have limited experience managing a publicly traded company, interacting with public company investors and regulators, and complying with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies. Our management team may not successfully or efficiently manage our transition to being a public company subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under the federal securities laws and the continuous scrutiny of securities analysts and investors. These new obligations and constituents will require significant attention from our senior management and could divert their attention away from the day-to-day management of our business, which could adversely impact our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Our success and ability to compete depends in part upon our intellectual property and other proprietary rights. We rely on a combination of copyright protection, trade secret protection, rights in our trademarks, patent rights, and contractual agreements with our employees, contractors, customers, partners, and others to protect our intellectual property rights. Our intellectual property is an important asset, and litigation to defend intellectual property can be expensive and lengthy. Various factors outside of our control also pose a threat to our intellectual property rights, as well as to our products, services, and technologies. However, we may fail to obtain effective intellectual property protection, or effective intellectual property protection may not be available in every country in which our products and services are available. We may fail to effectively enforce all our rights in every jurisdiction. Also, the efforts we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights may not be sufficient or effective, and any of our intellectual property rights may be challenged, which could result in them being narrowed in scope or declared invalid or unenforceable. Despite our efforts to protect and enforce our proprietary rights, there can be no assurance our intellectual property rights will be sufficient to protect against others offering products or services that are substantially similar to ours and compete with our business or that unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our technology or misuse our proprietary information.

In addition to registered intellectual property rights such as trademark registrations and patents, we rely on non-registered proprietary information and technology, such as trade secrets, confidential information, know-how, copyrights, and technical information. In order to protect our proprietary information and technology, we rely in part on agreements with our employees, investors, independent contractors and other third parties that place restrictions on the use and disclosure of this intellectual property. These agreements may be breached, or this intellectual property, including trade secrets, may otherwise be disclosed or become known to our competitors, which could cause us to lose any competitive advantage resulting from this intellectual property. To the extent that our employees, independent contractors or other third parties with whom we do business use intellectual property owned by others in their work for us, disputes may arise as to the rights in related or resulting know-how and inventions. The loss of trade secret protection could make it easier for third parties to compete with our products and services by copying functionality. In addition, any changes in, or unexpected interpretations of, intellectual property laws may compromise our ability to enforce our trade secrets and other intellectual property rights. We may pursue registration of trademarks and domain names in the United States and in certain jurisdictions outside of the United States. Effective protection of trademarks and domain names is expensive and difficult to maintain, both in terms of application and registration costs as well as the costs of defending and enforcing those rights. We may be required to protect our rights in an increasing number of countries, a process that is expensive and may not be successful or which we may not pursue in every country in which our products and services are distributed or made available. Foreign countries have different laws and regulations regarding protection of intellectual property, and the protection available in other jurisdictions may not be as effective as that provided in the United States.

We may be unable to obtain trademark protection for our technologies and brands, and our existing trademark registrations and applications, and any trademarks that may be used in the future, may not provide us with competitive advantages or distinguish our products and services from those of our competitors. In addition, our trademarks may be contested, circumvented, or found to be unenforceable, weak, or invalid, and we may not be able to prevent third parties from infringing or otherwise violating them. To counter infringement, misappropriation or unauthorized use of our trademarks, we may deem it necessary to file infringement claims, which can be expensive and time consuming. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation. An adverse outcome in such litigation or proceedings may expose us to a loss of our competitive position, expose us to significant liabilities, or require us to seek licenses that may not be available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all.

Litigation or proceedings before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or other governmental authorities and administrative bodies in the United States and abroad may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights and to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. Efforts to enforce or protect proprietary rights may be ineffective and could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources, which could harm our business and operating results.

From time to time, our competitors or other third parties may claim that we are infringing upon or misappropriating their intellectual property rights, and we may be found to be infringing upon or misappropriating such rights. While we would zealously and appropriately defend against any wrongful claim, we may not be successful in defending against any such challenges, securing settlements, or obtaining licenses to avoid or resolve any intellectual property disputes.

Accordingly, successful intellectual property infringement claims against us could result in monetary liability or a material disruption in the conduct of our business. We cannot be certain that our products and services, platform, and brand names do not or will not infringe valid patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights held by third parties. We may be subject to legal proceedings and claims from time to time relating to the intellectual property of others in the ordinary course of our business. Any intellectual property litigation to which we might become a party, or for which we are required to provide indemnification, may require us to cease selling our platform or using products and services that incorporate the intellectual property that we allegedly infringe, make substantial payments for legal fees, settlement payments, or other costs or damages, obtain a license, which may not be available on reasonable terms or at all, to sell or use the relevant technology, or redesign the allegedly infringing

Even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert the resources of our management and adversely affect our business, our reputation, and operating results. We expect that the occurrence of infringement claims is likely to grow as the market for customer experience software solutions grows. Accordingly, our exposure to damages resulting from infringement claims could increase and this could further impact our financial and management resources.

We may become involved in private actions, collective actions, investigations, and various other legal proceedings by customers, employees, competitors, government agencies, or others. The results of any such litigation, investigations, and other legal proceedings are inherently unpredictable and expensive. Any claims against us, whether or not meritorious, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation, damage our reputation, require significant amounts of management time, and divert significant resources. If any of these legal proceedings were to be determined adversely to us, or we were to enter into a settlement arrangement, we could be exposed to monetary damages or limits on our ability to operate our business, which could have an adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Our software utilizes certain third-party software obtained under licenses. We anticipate that we will continue to rely on such software and development tools licensed from third parties in the future. Although we believe that there are commercially reasonable alternatives to the third-party software we currently license, this may not always be the case, or it may be difficult or costly to migrate to alternative solutions. Also, any undetected errors or defects in third-party software could prevent the deployment or impair the functionality of our platform, delay new updates or enhancements to our platform, result in a failure of our platform, and injure our reputation.

Our platform incorporates certain open source software and we may continue to use open source software in our platform in the future. An open source license typically permits the use, modification, and distribution of software in source code form subject to certain conditions. There are uncertainties regarding the proper interpretation of and compliance with open source software licenses. Certain open source software licenses require a user who intends to distribute the open source software as a component of the user’s software to disclose publicly part or all of the source code to the user’s software. The use and distribution of open source software may entail greater risks than the use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide warranties or other contractual protections regarding infringement claims or the quality of the code. Some of these licenses (often called “copyleft” or “viral” licenses) contain requirements that we offer our products that incorporate the open source software for no cost, that could cause us to make available the source code of the modifications or derivative works that we create based upon the licensed open source software, and that we license such modifications or derivative works under the terms of a particular open source license granting third parties certain rights of further use. By the terms of such open source licenses, we could also be required to release the source code of our proprietary platform

Moreover, we cannot assure you that our processes for controlling our use of open source software in our platform will be effective. If we have not complied with the terms of an applicable open source software license, we may need to seek licenses from third parties to continue offering our platform on terms that are not economically feasible, to re-engineer our platform to remove or replace the open source software, to discontinue the sale of our platform if re-engineering could not be accomplished on a timely basis, to pay monetary damages, or to make available the source code for aspects of our proprietary technology, any of which could adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition.

In addition to risks related to license requirements, use of open source software can involve greater risks than those associated with use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide warranties, assurances of title, performance, non-infringement, or controls on the origin of the software. There is typically no support available for open source software, and we cannot ensure that the authors of such open source software will not abandon further development and maintenance of such open source software. Many of the risks associated with the use of open source software, such as the lack of warranties or assurances of title or performance, cannot be eliminated, and could, if not properly addressed, negatively affect our business. We have established processes to help alleviate these risks, including a review process for screening requests from our development organizations for the use of open source software, but we cannot be sure that all open source software is identified or submitted for approval prior to use in our platform.

Our agreements with customers, partners, and other third parties may include indemnification or other provisions under which we agree to indemnify or otherwise be liable to them for losses suffered or incurred as a result of claims of intellectual property infringement, damages caused by us to property or persons, data and security breaches, and other liabilities relating to or arising from our software, services, acts, or omissions. The term of these contractual provisions often survives termination or expiration of the applicable agreement. Large indemnity payments or damage claims from contractual breach could harm our business, operating results, and financial condition. Although in some cases we contractually limit our liability with respect to such obligations, we do not always do so or our obligations are capped at a high amount, and in the future we may still incur substantial liability related to them. Any dispute with a customer with respect to such obligations could have adverse effects on our relationship with that customer and other current and prospective customers, reduce demand for our solutions, and harm our business, operating results, and financial condition.

We receive, store, and process personal information and other information, including customer, employee, and contributor information and CxNs that include contributor feedback and insight for our customers. There are numerous domestic and international privacy and data protection laws and regulations. These laws and regulations, and the storing, use, processing, and disclosure and protection of personal information, are continually evolving, subject to differing interpretations, and may be inconsistent among jurisdictions or conflict with other laws, regulations, and rules. Additionally, laws, regulations, and standards covering marketing and advertising activities conducted by telephone, email, mobile devices, and the Internet, may be applicable to our business, such as the

Any significant change to applicable laws, regulations or industry practices regarding the use or disclosure of personal information (including what legally defines “personal information”), or regarding the manner in which the express or implied consent of contributors, customers, potential customers or other data subjects for the use and disclosure of personal information is obtained, could require us to modify our platform, possibly in a material manner and subject us to increased compliance costs, which may limit our ability to develop new products and features that make use of the personal information that clients voluntarily share. For example, California enacted legislation, the CCPA, that became operative on January 1, 2020 and became enforceable by the California Attorney General on July 1, 2020, along with related regulations that came into force on August 14, 2020 and were most recently amended on March 15, 2021. Additionally, the California Privacy Rights Act (the CPRA), which expands upon the CCPA and was passed in the November 3, 2020 election, creates obligations relating to consumer data beginning on January 1, 2022, with implementing regulations expected on or before July 1, 2022, and enforcement beginning July 1, 2023. The CCPA requires (and the CPRA will require) covered companies to, among other things, provide new disclosures to California consumers and affords such consumers new privacy rights such as the ability to opt-out of certain sales of personal information, expanded rights to access and require deletion of their personal information, the ability to opt out of certain personal information sharing, and the ability to receive detailed information about how their personal information is collected, used, and shared. The CCPA and the CPRA provide for unlimited civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for data breaches that is expected to increase data breach litigation. The CCPA may increase our compliance costs and potential liability, particularly in the event of a data breach. The effects of the CCPA and CPRA are potentially significant and may require us to modify our data collection or processing practices and policies and to incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply and increase our potential exposure to regulatory enforcement and/or litigation. Any of the foregoing could materially adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Additionally, the CCPA has prompted a number of proposals in the United States for new federal and state-level privacy legislation that, if passed, could increase our potential liability, increase our compliance costs, and adversely affect our business. Two states have recently passed personal information laws: the Colorado Privacy Act, which goes into effect on July 1, 2023; and Virginia’s Consumer Data Protection Act, which goes into effect on January 1, 2023. We cannot yet fully predict the impact of the California or other state/federal legislation or subsequent policy guidance on our business or operations, but it may require us to further modify our data processing practices and policies and to incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply. Decreased availability and increased costs of information could adversely affect our ability to meet our agents’ requirements and could have an adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition.

In Europe, the GDPR took effect on May 25, 2018. As a result of our presence in Europe, our contributors and other data subjects in Europe and our service offering in the European Economic Area (EEA) (which includes the European Union (E.U.) and countries such as Iceland that are not official members of the European Union but due to being closely linked by economic relationship are required to adopt E.U. legislation regarding the single market), we are subject to the GDPR, which imposes stringent E.U. data protection requirements (including compliance burdens

Additionally, the United Kingdom implemented the Data Protection Act, effective in May 2018 and statutorily amended in 2019, that contains provisions, including its own derogations, for how GDPR is applied in the United Kingdom. From the beginning of 2021 (when the transitional period following Brexit expired), we have to continue to comply with the GDPR and also the U.K.’s Data Protection Act, with each regime having the ability to fine up to the greater of €20 million (£17 million) or 4% of global turnover. The relationship between the United Kingdom and the European Union remains uncertain, for example how data transfers between the United Kingdom and the European Union and other jurisdictions will be treated and the role of the United Kingdom’s supervisory authority. In February 2021, the European Commission proposed to issue the United Kingdom with an “adequacy” decision to facilitate the continued free flow of personal information from E.U. member states to the United Kingdom; however, this decision is subject to the review and/or approval of the European Data Protection Board and a committee composed of the representatives of the E.U. Member States. In the meantime, the United Kingdom remains a “third country” for the purposes of data transfers from the European Union/EEA to the United Kingdom following the expiration of the four to six-month personal information transfer grace period (from January 1, 2021) set out in the E.U. and U.K. Trade and Cooperation Agreement, unless the adequacy decision is adopted in favor of the United Kingdom. If an adequacy decision is not favorable, the United Kingdom would remain a “third country.” These changes will lead to additional costs as we try to ensure compliance with new privacy legislation and will increase our overall risk exposure.

In addition, the GDPR imposes strict rules on the transfer of personal information out of the European Union to a “third country” including the United States. These obligations may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another and may conflict with other requirements or our practices.

In July 2020, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) invalidated the European Union-United States (E.U.-U.S.) Privacy Shield (under which personal information could be transferred from the E.U. to U.S. entities that had self-certified under the Privacy Shield scheme) on the grounds that the Privacy Shield failed to offer adequate protections to E.U. personal information transferred to the United States. As a result, Privacy Shield is no longer a valid mechanism for transferring personal data from the EEA to the United States. In addition, while the CJEU upheld the adequacy of the standard contractual clauses (a standard form of contract approved by the European Commission as an adequate personal information transfer mechanism, and potential alternative to the Privacy Shield), it made clear that reliance on them alone may not necessarily be sufficient in all circumstances. Use of the standard contractual clauses must now be assessed on a case by case basis taking into account the legal regime applicable in the destination country, in particular applicable surveillance laws and rights of individuals. The use of standard contractual clauses for the transfer of personal information specifically to the United States remains under review by a number of European data protection supervisory authorities, along with those of some other E.U. member states. German and Irish supervisory authorities have indicated, and enforced in recent rulings, that the standard contractual clauses alone provide inadequate protection for E.U.-U.S. data transfers. In August 2020, the U.S. Department of Commerce and the European Commission announced new discussions to evaluate the potential for an enhanced E.U.-U.S. Privacy Shield framework to comply with the July 2020 judgment of the CJEU. Further, on June 4, 2021, the European Commission finalized new versions of the standard contractual clauses, with the Implementing Decision in effect since June 27, 2021. Under the Implementing Decision, we will have until December 27, 2022 to update any existing agreements, or any new agreements executed before September 27, 2021, that rely on standard contractual clauses as the data transfer mechanism. To comply with the Implementing Decision and the new standard contractual clauses, we may need to implement additional safeguards to further enhance the security of data transferred out of the EEA, which could increase our compliance costs, expose us to further regulatory scrutiny and liability, and adversely effect our business. The CJEU’s decision, along with the subsequent

While we maintain a Privacy Shield certification, we rely on the standard contractual clauses for intercompany data transfers from the EEA to the United States. As supervisory authorities continue to issue further guidance on personal information transfers out of the EEA, we could suffer additional costs, complaints, or regulatory investigations or fines, and if we are otherwise unable to transfer personal information between and among countries and regions in which we operate, it could affect the manner in which we provide our services, the geographical location or segregation of our relevant systems and operations, and could adversely affect our financial results. Our customers and contributors also request heightened assurances and contractual protection regarding data protection, data processing, data transfers, data segregation, technological safeguards, and the applicability of certain laws on our business. We cannot yet determine the impact that future laws, regulations, contractual obligations, and standards may have on our business. Such laws and regulations are often subject to differing interpretations and may be inconsistent among jurisdictions. Further, the obligations imposed by E.U. data protection and related laws may conflict with the obligations imposed by other legal regimes, such as U.S. laws concerning government access to data. We may lose certain customers and customer opportunities in Europe, incur substantial expense in complying with the new obligations, be subjected to new and greater liability and we may be required to make significant changes in our business operations and product development, all of which may adversely affect our revenues and our business overall.

We are also subject to evolving E.U. privacy laws relating to the use of cookies and e-marketing. In the E.U., regulators increasingly focus on compliance with requirements in the online behavioral advertising ecosystem, and a E.U. regulation known as the ePrivacy Regulation, which is still being finalized by E.U. member states, will significantly increase fines for non-compliance once in effect. In the E.U., informed consent, including a prohibition on pre-checked consents and a requirement to ensure separate consents for each cookie, is required for the placement of a cookie or similar tracking technologies on a customer’s device and for direct electronic marketing. As regulators start to enforce the strict approach, this could lead to substantial costs, require significant systems changes, limit the effectiveness of our marketing activities, divert the attention of our technology personnel, negatively impact our efforts to understand customers, adversely affect our margins, increase costs, and subject us to additional liabilities.

As we expand, there is a risk that we may assume liabilities for breaches experienced by the companies we acquire. Despite our efforts to comply with applicable laws, regulations, and other obligations relating to privacy, data protection, and information security, it is possible that our practices, offerings, or platform could fail, or be alleged to fail to meet applicable requirements.

We are subject to a wide variety of foreign and domestic laws. Laws, regulations, and standards governing issues that may affect us, such as worker classification, employment, worker health, payments, worker confidentiality obligations and whistleblowing, intellectual property, consumer protection, taxation, privacy, and data security are often complex and subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their enforcement and application in practice may change or develop over time through judicial decisions or as new guidance or interpretations are provided by regulatory and governing bodies, such as federal and state administrative agencies. Many of these laws were adopted prior to the advent of the Internet, mobile, and related technologies and, as a result, do not contemplate or address the unique issues of the Internet, mobile, and related technologies. Other laws and regulations may be adopted in response to Internet, mobile, and related technologies. New and existing laws and regulations (or changes in interpretation of existing laws and regulations), including those concerning worker classification, independent contractors, employment, discrimination and harassment, payments, whistleblowing and worker confidentiality obligations, intellectual property, consumer protection, taxation, privacy, data security, benefits, unionizing and collective action, arbitration agreements and class action waiver provisions, unfair competition, terms of service, website accessibility, background checks (such as the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1681), escheatment, and federal contracting may also be adopted, implemented, or interpreted to apply to us or our contributors. Likewise, these laws may affect our contributors, and uncertainty around their application, may affect demand for our platform.

As our platform’s geographic scope expands, regulatory agencies or courts may claim that we are subject to additional requirements, or are prohibited from conducting our business in or with certain jurisdictions, either generally or with respect to certain services, or that we are otherwise required to change our business practices. It is also possible that certain provisions in agreements with our contributors may be found to be unenforceable or not compliant with applicable law.

The level of regulatory scrutiny on larger companies, technology companies in general, and companies engaged in dealings with independent contractors, payments, or personal information in particular has increased significantly recently and may continue to increase. Legislators have enacted, and may continue to enact, new laws or regulatory agencies may promulgate new rules or regulations that are adverse to our business or the interests of our customers, or they may view matters or interpret or enforce laws and regulations differently than they have in the past or in a manner adverse to our business. Such legislative or regulatory scrutiny or action may create or enhance different or conflicting obligations on us from one jurisdiction to another.

As we look to expand our international footprint over time, we may become obligated to comply with additional laws and regulations of the countries or markets in which we operate or have contributors. We may be harmed if we are found to be subject to new or existing laws and regulations or if those laws are interpreted and applied to us in a manner that harms our business or is inconsistent with the application of U.S. laws, including those concerning worker classification, independent contractors, employment, payments, whistleblowing and worker confidentiality obligations, laws related to the COVID-19 pandemic, intellectual property, consumer protection, taxation, privacy, data security, benefits, unionizing and collective action, arbitration agreements and class action waiver provisions, unfair competition, terms of service, website accessibility, background checks, and escheatment. In addition, contractual provisions that are designed to protect and mitigate against risks, including terms of service, services agreements, arbitration and class action waiver provisions, disclaimers of warranties, limitations of liabilities, releases of claims, and indemnification provisions, could be deemed unenforceable as to the application of these laws and regulations by a court, arbitrator, or other decision-making body. If we are unable to comply with these laws and regulations or manage the complexity of global operations and supporting an international customer base

Our success, or perceived success, and increased visibility may also drive some third parties that view our business model to be a threat, or otherwise problematic, to raise concerns about our business model to local policymakers and regulators. These third parties and their trade association groups or other organizations may take actions and employ significant resources to shape the legal and regulatory regimes in countries where we have, or may seek to have, a significant number of contributors, in an effort to change such legal and regulatory regimes in ways intended to adversely affect or impede our business and the ability of customers to utilize our platform.

We are subject to the FCPA, the UK Bribery Act, and possibly other anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws in countries in which we conduct activities. We face significant risks if we fail to comply with the FCPA, the UK Bribery Act and other anti-corruption laws that prohibit companies and their employees and third-party intermediaries from promising, authorizing, offering, or providing, directly or indirectly, improper payments or benefits to foreign government officials, political parties, and private-sector recipients for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business, directing business to any person, or securing any advantage. In many foreign countries, particularly in countries with developing economies, it may be a local custom that businesses engage in practices that are prohibited by the FCPA or other applicable laws and regulations. In addition, we increasingly use various third parties to sell our platform and conduct our business abroad. We or our third-party intermediaries may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities and we can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of these third-party intermediaries, our employees, representatives, contractors, partners, and agents, even if we do not explicitly authorize such activities. While our Code of Business Conduct mandates compliance with anti-corruption laws and regulations, we cannot assure you that all of our employees and agents, as well as those companies to which we outsource certain of our business operations, will not take actions in violation of our policies and applicable law, for which we may be ultimately held responsible.

Any violation of the FCPA, the UK Bribery Act, other applicable anti-corruption laws, and anti-money laundering laws could result in whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, loss of export privileges, or severe criminal or civil sanctions, which could have a materially adverse effect on our reputation, business, operating results, and financial condition. In addition, responding to any enforcement action may result in a significant diversion of management’s attention and resources, significant defense costs, and other professional fees.

Our platform is subject to governmental, including United States and European Union, export control laws and regulations, and as a U.S. company we are covered by the U.S. sanctions laws and regulations. U.S. export control and economic sanctions laws and regulations prohibit the shipment of certain products and services to U.S. embargoed or sanctioned countries, governments, and persons, and complying with export control and sanctions regulations for a particular sale may be time-consuming and may result in the delay or loss of sales opportunities. While we take precautions to prevent our platform from being exported in violation of these laws or engaging in any other activities that are subject to these regulations, from time to time, we may fail to fully comply with these laws and regulations. For example, in mid-2021, we conducted an internal review of our compliance with U.S. export control laws and economic sanctions and in connection with our review, we identified that our platform may have been used by two parties in Iran, which is an embargoed country. Based on our preliminary findings, these parties signed up for a free trial of our platform and did not make payment to us. In addition, as part of our internal review, we identified a limited number of participant accounts that represented themselves as residing in non-embargoed countries but may have accessed our platform from embargoed countries. Certain of these participants performed

We incorporate encryption technology into certain of our products and certain encryption products may be exported outside of the United States only by a license or a license exception. In addition, various countries regulate the import of certain encryption technology, including import permitting and licensing requirements, and have enacted laws that could limit our ability to distribute our products or could limit our customers’ ability to deploy our products in those countries. Although we take precautions to prevent our platform from being provided in violation of such laws, we cannot assure you that inadvertent violations of such laws have not occurred or will not occur in connection with the distribution of our platform despite the precautions we take. Governmental regulation of encryption technology and regulation of imports or exports, or our failure to obtain required import or export approval for our platform, could harm our international sales and adversely affect our operating results.

Further, if our partners fail to obtain required import, export, or re-export licenses or permits, we may also be harmed, become the subject of government investigations or penalties, and incur reputational harm. Changes in our platform or changes in export and import regulations may create delays in the introduction of our platform in international markets, prevent our customers with international operations from deploying our platform globally or, in some cases, prevent the export or import of our platform to certain countries, governments, or persons altogether. Any change in export or import laws or regulations, economic sanctions, or related legislation, shift in the enforcement or scope of existing laws and regulations, or change in the countries, governments, persons, or technologies targeted by such laws and regulations, could result in decreased use of our platform by, or in our decreased ability to export or sell our platform to, existing or potential customers with international operations. Any decreased use of our platform or limitation on our ability to export or sell our platform would likely adversely impact our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Our business strategy may, from time to time, include acquiring other complementary products, technologies, or businesses. An acquisition, investment, or business relationship may result in unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures. In particular, we may encounter difficulties assimilating or integrating the businesses, technologies, products, personnel, or operations of the acquired companies, particularly if the key personnel of the acquired companies choose not to work for us, if an acquired company’s software is not easily adapted to work with ours, or if we have difficulty retaining the customers of any acquired business due to changes in management or otherwise. Acquisitions may also disrupt our business, divert our resources, and require significant management attention that would otherwise be available for development of our business. Moreover, the anticipated benefits of any acquisition, investment, or business relationship may not be realized or we may be exposed to unknown liabilities.

We may in the future seek to acquire or invest in additional businesses, products, technologies, or other assets. We also may enter into relationships with other businesses to expand our products and services or our ability to provide our products and services in foreign jurisdictions, which could involve preferred or exclusive licenses, additional channels of distribution, discount pricing, or investments in other companies. Negotiating these transactions can be time consuming, difficult, and expensive, and our ability to close these transactions may often be

We are subject to income taxes in the United States and certain foreign jurisdictions. We believe that our provision for income taxes is reasonable, but the ultimate tax outcome may differ from the amounts recorded in our consolidated financial statements and may materially affect our financial results in the period or periods in which such outcome is determined. Our effective tax rate could be adversely affected by changes in the mix of earnings and losses in countries with differing statutory tax rates, certain non-deductible expenses, and the valuation of deferred tax assets. Increases in our effective tax rate would reduce profitability or increase losses. As we expand the scale of our domestic and international business activities, any changes in U.S. federal, state, local or foreign tax laws or tax rulings of such activities may increase our worldwide effective tax rate and harm our financial results.

As of December 31, 2020, we had U.S. federal NOL carryforwards of approximately $125.0 million and state NOL carryforwards of approximately $67.0 million available to offset future taxable income. Our federal and state NOL carryforwards will begin to expire in 2028 and 2029, respectively, if not utilized. Our federal NOL carryforwards of $54.5 million generated after December 31, 2017 can be carried forward indefinitely, with utilization limited to 80% of our taxable income beginning after January 1, 2021. Realization of these NOL carryforwards depends on future taxable income beginning after December 31, 2020, and there is a risk that our existing carryforwards could expire unused and be unavailable to offset future taxable income, which could materially and adversely affect our operating results.

Under Sections 382 and 383 of the Code, a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change” is subject to limitations on its ability to utilize its pre-change NOL carryforwards and tax attributes to offset future taxable income or tax liabilities. Similar rules may apply under state tax laws. If finalized, Treasury Regulations currently proposed under Section 382 of the Code may impose stricter limitations than would be imposed under current law on our ability to utilize our pre-change NOL carryforwards or credits if we undergo a future ownership change. We have completed an analysis of Section 382 ownership changes in our stock through December 31, 2020 and have concluded that we have experienced ownership changes that have resulted in limitations in our ability to use certain of our NOL carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards. In addition, we may experience ownership changes as a result of this offering or future offerings or other changes in the ownership of our stock, some of which are beyond our control. As a result, the amount of the NOL carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards presented in our financial statements could be limited and, in the case of NOL carryforwards generated in 2014 and prior years, may expire unused. Any such material limitation or expiration of our NOL carryforwards may harm our future operating results by effectively increasing our future tax obligations. There is also a risk that due to changes in tax law or regulatory changes, such as suspensions on the use of NOL carryforwards or other unforeseen reasons, our existing NOL carryforwards could expire or otherwise be unavailable to offset future U.S. federal and state taxable income. For these reasons, we may not be able to utilize some portion of our NOL carryforwards even if we attain profitability.

The application of U.S. federal, state, local, and foreign tax laws to services provided electronically is evolving. New income, sales, use, value-added, or other tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances could be enacted at any time (possibly with retroactive effect), and could be applied solely or disproportionately to services provided over the Internet or could otherwise materially affect our financial position and operating results. Many countries in the European Union, as well as a number of other countries and organizations such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, have recently proposed or recommended changes to existing tax laws or have enacted new laws that could impact our tax obligations.

Although we have not historically experienced significant seasonality with respect to our revenue throughout the year, we have seen seasonality in our sales cycle and our fourth quarter has historically been our strongest quarter. We believe that this results in part from the procurement, budgeting, and deployment cycles of many of our customers. We generally expect a relative increase in sales in the second half of each year as budgets of our customers for annual capital purchases are being fully utilized. We may be affected by seasonal trends in the future, particularly as our business matures. Such seasonality may result from a number of factors, including a slowdown in our customers’ procurement process during certain times of the year, both domestically and internationally, and customers choosing to spend remaining budgets shortly before the end of their fiscal years. These effects may become more pronounced as we target larger organizations and their larger budgets for sales of subscriptions to our platform. Additionally, this seasonality may be reflected to a much lesser extent, and sometimes may not be immediately apparent, in our revenue, due to the fact that we recognize subscription revenue over the term of the applicable subscription agreement. In addition, our ability to record professional services revenue can potentially vary based on the number of billable days in the given quarter, which is impacted by holidays and vacations. To the extent we experience this seasonality, it may cause fluctuations in our operating results and financial metrics and make forecasting our future operating results and financial metrics more difficult.

In order to support our growth and respond to business challenges, such as developing new features or enhancements to our platform to stay competitive, acquiring new technologies, and improving our infrastructure, we have made significant financial investments in our business, and we intend to continue to make such investments. As a result, we may need to engage in equity or debt financings to provide the funds required for these investments and other business endeavors. If we raise additional funds through equity or convertible debt issuances, our existing stockholders may suffer significant dilution, and these securities could have rights, preferences, and privileges that are superior to that of holders of our common stock. If we obtain additional funds through debt financing, we may not be able to obtain such financing on terms favorable to us. Such terms may involve restrictive covenants making it difficult to engage in capital raising activities and pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us when we require it, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be significantly impaired and our business may be adversely affected, requiring us to delay, reduce, or eliminate some or all of our operations.

We will incur increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management will devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives. If we complete this offering and become a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting, and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. As a public company, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as well as rules adopted, and to be adopted, by the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange (the NYSE). Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives and may not effectively or efficiently manage our transition into a public company. Moreover, we expect these rules and regulations to substantially increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly. For example, we

As a result of disclosure of information in this prospectus and in filings required of a public company, our business and financial condition will become more visible, which we believe may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors and other third parties. If such claims are successful, our business and operating results could be adversely affected, and even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert the resources of our management and adversely affect our business and operating results.

In addition, as a result of our disclosure obligations as a public company, we have reduced flexibility and are under pressure to focus on short-term results, which may adversely affect our ability to achieve long-term profitability.

Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, our management will be required to report upon the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting beginning with the annual report for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2022. When we lose our status as an “emerging growth company” and become an “accelerated filer” or a “large accelerated filer,” our independent registered public accounting firm will be required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. The rules governing the standards that must be met for management to assess our internal control over financial reporting are complex and require significant documentation, testing, and possible remediation. To achieve compliance with Section 404 within the prescribed period, we will be engaged in a process to document and evaluate our internal control over financial reporting, which is both costly and challenging. In this regard, we will need to continue to dedicate internal resources, potentially engage outside consultants and adopt a detailed work plan to assess and document the adequacy of internal control over financial reporting, continue steps to improve control processes as appropriate, validate through testing that controls are functioning as documented and implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal control over financial reporting. This process will be time-consuming, costly, and complicated.

We have experienced control deficiencies and may experience control deficiencies, including material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, in the future. Any failure to maintain internal control over financial reporting could severely inhibit our ability to accurately report our financial condition, operating results, or cash flows.

If we are unable to conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm determines we have a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, the market price of our common stock could decline, and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the NYSE, the SEC, or other regulatory authorities. Failure to remedy any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, or to implement or maintain other effective control systems required of public companies, could also restrict our future access to the capital markets.

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including (i) not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in this prospectus and our periodic reports and proxy statements and (iii)

We could be an emerging growth company for up to five fiscal years following the completion of this offering; provided, however, certain circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier, including if we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer,” which occurs when the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates equals or exceeds $700 million, if we have total annual gross revenue of $1.07 billion or more, or if we issue more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during any three-year period before that time.

Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can also delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Our financial statements may therefore not be comparable to those of companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards. Until the date that we are no longer an “emerging growth company” or affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the exemption provided by Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act, upon issuance of a new or revised accounting standard that applies to our financial statements and that has a different effective date for public and private companies, we will disclose the date on which adoption is required for non-emerging growth companies and the date on which we will adopt the recently issued accounting standard.

As we continue to expand our international operations, we become more exposed to the effects of fluctuations in currency exchange rates. Although we expect an increasing number of sales contracts to be denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar in the future, the majority of our sales contracts have historically been denominated in U.S. dollars, and therefore, most of our revenue has not been subject to foreign currency risk. However, a strengthening of the U.S. dollar could increase the real cost of our platform to our customers outside of the United States, which could adversely affect our business, operating results, financial condition, and cash flows. In addition, we incur expenses for employee compensation and other operating expenses at our non-U.S. locations in the local currency. Fluctuations in the exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies could result in the dollar equivalent of such expenses being higher. This could have a negative impact on our operating results. Although we may in the future decide to undertake foreign exchange hedging transactions to cover a portion of our foreign currency exchange exposure, we currently do not hedge our exposure to foreign currency exchange risks.

GAAP financial measures are subject to interpretation by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the SEC, and various bodies formed to promulgate and interpret appropriate accounting principles. A change in these principles or interpretations could have a significant effect on our reported financial results, and could affect the reporting of transactions completed before the announcement of a change.

Technology stocks have historically experienced high levels of volatility. The market price of our common stock may fluctuate substantially depending on a number of factors, including those described in this “Risk Factors” section, many of which are beyond our control and may not be related to our operating performance. These fluctuations could cause you to lose all or part of your investment in our common stock. Factors that could cause fluctuations in the trading price of our common stock include the following:

In addition, if the market for technology stocks or the stock market in general experiences a loss of investor confidence, the trading price of our common stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our business, operating results, or financial condition. The trading price of our common stock might also decline in reaction to events that affect other companies in our industry even if these events do not directly affect us. In the past, following periods of volatility in the trading price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been brought against that company. If the market price of our common stock is volatile, we may become the target of securities litigation. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources from our business. This could have an adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Prior to this offering, no market for our common stock existed and an active trading market for our common stock may never develop or be sustained following this offering. The initial public offering price for our common stock will be determined through negotiations withbetween us, the selling stockholders, and the underwriters and the negotiated price may not be indicative of the market price of our common stock after this offering. The market value of our common stock may decrease from the initial public offering price. As a result of these and other factors, you may be unable to resell your shares of our common stock at or above the initial public offering price. The lack of an active market may impair your ability to sell your shares of common stock at the time you wish to sell them or at a price that you consider reasonable. The lack of an active market may also reduce the fair market value of your shares of common stock. Furthermore, an inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital by selling shares of our common stock and may impair our ability to enter into strategic collaborations or acquire companies or products by using our shares of common stock as consideration.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market or the perception that these sales might occur, could depress the market price of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. We are unable to predict the effect that such sales may have on the prevailing market price of our common stock.

All of our directors and officers, the selling stockholders, and the holders of substantially all of our common stock and securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common stock are subject to lock-up agreements that restrict their ability to transfer shares of our common stock, including any hedging transactions, for a period beginning on the effective date of this offering and ending on the earlier of (i) the opening of trading on the second trading day immediately following the release of our earnings for the first fiscal quarter of the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022 and (ii) the date that is 180 days after the date of this prospectus, as further described in “Shares Eligible for Future Sale.” However, assuming the early release described in this sentence occurs in mid-February 2022, up to approximately 27,000,000 shares of our common stock may be sold pursuant to an early release from the restricted period described above beginning on the later of (i) the opening of trading on the second trading day immediately following the release of our earnings for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2021 and (ii) the opening of trading on the date that is 90 days from the date of this prospectus. In addition, we are subject to a lock-up agreement that restricts our ability to transfer shares of our capital stock for a period ending on the earlier of (i) immediately before the opening of the second trading day immediately following the release of our earnings for the first fiscal quarter of the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022 and (ii) the date that is 180 days from the date of this prospectus. See “Shares Eligible for Future Sale” and “Underwriters” for more information.

These lock-up agreements limit the number of shares of capital stock that may be sold immediately following this offering. Upon the expiration of the restricted periods described above, all of the securities subject to such lock-up agreements will become eligible for sale, subject to compliance with applicable securities laws. Furthermore, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC may, in their sole discretion, permit us and our executive officers, directors, and holders of our securities who are subject to these lock-up agreements to sell shares prior to the expiration of the lock-up agreements.

In addition, there were 24,447,65423,988,246 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding (including 1,084,552 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase shares of common stock that will be sold in this offering) and 2,156,000 shares subject to RSUs as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021. We also granted options to purchase 969,800203,450 shares of common stock and RSUs settleable for 2,156,00048,127 shares of common stock subsequent to JuneSeptember 30, 2021. We intend to register all of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options or other equity incentives we may grant in the future, for public resale under the Securities Act. The shares of common stock will become eligible for sale in the public market to the extent such options are exercised, subject to the lock-up agreements described above and compliance with applicable securities laws.

Based on shares outstanding as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, upon completion of this offering, holders of up to approximately 120,365,635117,505,498 shares, or %,82.8%, of our common stock will have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering the sale of their shares or to include their shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or other stockholders.

We may issue our shares of common stock or securities convertible into our common stock from time to time in connection with financings, acquisitions, investments, or otherwise. Any such issuance could result in substantial dilution to our existing stockholders and cause the trading price of our common stock to decline.

We may also issue our shares of common stock or securities convertible into shares of our common stock from time to time in connection with a financing, acquisition, investments, or otherwise. We also expect to grant equity awards to employees, directors, and consultants under our equity incentive plans. Any such issuance could result in substantial dilution to our existing stockholders and cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

Our stock price and trading volume following the completion of this offering will be heavily influenced by the way analysts and investors interpret our financial information and other disclosures. Securities and industry analysts do not currently, and may never, publish research on our business. If few securities analysts commence coverage of us, or if industry analysts cease coverage of us, our stock price could be negatively affected. If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, downgrade our common stock, or publish negative reports about our business, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our common stock could decrease, which might cause our stock price to decline and could decrease the trading volume of our common stock.

The initial public offering price is substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately following this offering based on the total value of our tangible assets less our total liabilities. Therefore, if you purchase shares of our common stock in this offering, based on the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and the issuance of 10,000,000 shares of common stock in this offering by us, you will experience immediate dilution of $$14.95 per share, the difference between the price per share you pay for our common stock and its pro forma net tangible book value per share as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021. Furthermore, if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares, if outstanding stock options are exercised, if RSUs are settled, if we issue awards to our employees under our equity incentive plans, or if we otherwise issue additional shares of our common stock, you could experience further dilution. See “Dilution” for additional information.

We will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds to us from this offering, including for any of the purposes described in “Use of Proceeds,” and you will not have the opportunity as part of your investment decision to assess whether the net proceeds are being used appropriately. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine our use of the net proceeds from this offering, their ultimate use may vary substantially from their currently intended use. If we do not use the net proceeds that we receive in this offering effectively, our business, operating results, financial condition, and prospects could be harmed, and the market price of our common stock could decline. Pending their use, we may invest the net proceeds from this offering in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing securities such as money market accounts, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government that may not generate a high yield for our stockholders. These investments may not yield a favorable return to our investors.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We anticipate that for the foreseeable future we will retain all of our future earnings for use in the development of our business and for general corporate purposes. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Accordingly, investors must rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investments.

Our restated certificate of incorporation and our restated bylaws that will be in effect upon completion of this offering contain provisions that could delay or prevent a change in control of our company. These provisions could also make it difficult for stockholders to elect directors who are not nominated by current members of our board of directors or take other corporate actions, including effecting changes in our management. These provisions:

In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (DGCL) may discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of our company. Section 203 imposes certain restrictions on mergers, business combinations and other transactions between us and holders of 15% or more of our common stock.

Our restated certificate of incorporation will provide, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the exclusive forum for any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty, any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the DGCL, our restated certificate of incorporation, or our restated bylaws, or any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine.

Moreover, Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all claims brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Our restated certificate of incorporation provides that the federal district courts of the United States will, to the

Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all claims brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. In addition, the Federal Forum Provision applies to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act. Accordingly, actions by our stockholders to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder must be brought in federal court.

Our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the federal securities laws and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in any of our securities shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to our exclusive forum provisions, including the Federal Forum Provision. These provisions may limit a stockholders’ ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum of their choosing for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers, and employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our restated certificate of incorporation or restated bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, operating results, and financial condition.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused general business disruption worldwide beginning in January 2020. The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will directly or indirectly impact our business, operating results, cash flows, and financial condition will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted.

While we have not experienced a material impact to our business to date as a result of COVID-19 pandemic, we do not yet know the full extent of potential impacts on our business, operations, or on the global economy as a whole, particularly if the COVID-19 pandemic continues and persists for an extended period of time. Potential impacts include:

Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Our corporate headquarters are located in the San Francisco Bay Area and we operate or utilize data centers that are located in North America and Europe. Additionally, we rely on our network and third-party infrastructure, enterprise applications, internal technology systems, and our website for our development, marketing, operational support, hosted services, and sales activities. The west coast of the United States, where our corporate headquarters are located, contains active earthquake zones and have been subject to numerous devastating wildfires and associated electrical blackouts. In the event of a catastrophic event, including a natural disaster such as an earthquake, hurricane, fire, flood, tsunami, or tornado, or other catastrophic event such as power loss, telecommunications failure, software or hardware malfunction, cyber-attack, war, terrorist attack, or incident of mass violence in the San Francisco Bay Area or elsewhere where our operations or data centers are located or where certain other systems and applications that we rely on are hosted, we may be unable to continue our operations and may endure significant system interruptions, reputational harm, delays in our application development, lengthy interruptions in our platform, breaches of data security, and loss of critical data, all of which could have an adverse effect on our future operating results. In addition, natural disasters, cyber-attacks, acts of terrorism, public health crises, such as pandemics and epidemics, or other catastrophic events could cause disruptions in our or our customers’ businesses, national economies, or the world economy as a whole.

There is an increasing focus from certain investors, employees, and other stakeholders concerning corporate responsibility, specifically related to environmental, social, and governance factors. Some investors may use these factors to guide their investment strategies and, in some cases, may choose not to invest in us if they believe our policies relating to corporate responsibility are inadequate. Third-party providers of corporate responsibility ratings and reports on companies have increased to meet growing investor demand for measurement of corporate responsibility performance. The criteria by which companies’ corporate responsibility practices are assessed may change, which could result in greater expectations of us and cause us to undertake costly initiatives to satisfy such new criteria. If we elect not to or are unable to satisfy such new criteria, investors may conclude that our policies with respect to corporate responsibility are inadequate. We may face reputational damage in the event that our corporate responsibility procedures or standards do not meet the standards set by various constituencies.

Furthermore, if our competitors’ corporate responsibility performance is perceived to be greater than ours, potential or current investors may elect to invest with our competitors instead. In addition, in the event that we communicate certain initiatives and goals regarding environmental, social and governance matters, we could fail, or be perceived to fail, in our achievement of such initiatives or goals, or we could be criticized for the scope of such initiatives or goals. If we fail to satisfy the expectations of investors, employees, and other stakeholders, or, if our

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements. All statements contained in this prospectus other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our future operating results and financial condition, our business strategy and plans, market growth and our objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “potentially,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “would,” “project,” “target,” “plan,” “expect,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus include, but are not limited to, statements about:

These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, including those described in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment, and new risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to

You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. The events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur. We undertake no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this prospectus or to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations, except as required by law.

You should read this prospectus and the documents that we reference in this prospectus and have filed with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part with the understanding that our actual future results, performance, and events and circumstances may be materially different from what we expect.

Unless otherwise indicated, information contained in this prospectus concerning our industry and the markets in which we operate, including our general expectations and market position, market opportunity and market size, is based on information from various sources, as well as assumptions that we have made that are based on those data and other similar sources and on our knowledge of the markets for our platform. This information involves important assumptions and limitations, is inherently imprecise, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such estimates. In addition, projections, assumptions, and estimates of our future performance and the future performance of the industry in which we operate is necessarily subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent parties and by us.

This prospectus contains statistical data, estimates, and forecasts that are based on publications or reports generated by third parties, including reports prepared by Forrester Research, Inc. (Forrester) and Harvard Business Review Analytic Services that we commissioned, or other publicly available information, as well as other information based on our internal sources.

The Gartner Report described herein (the Gartner Report) represents research opinions or viewpoints published, as part of a syndicated subscription service, by Gartner, Inc. (Gartner), and are not representations of fact. The Gartner Report speaks as of its original publication date (and not as of the date of this prospectus) and the opinions expressed in the Gartner Report are subject to change without notice.

The source of, and selected additional information contained in, the independent industry and other publications related to the information so identified are provided below. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, the websites listed below are not part of this prospectus.

We estimate that the net proceeds from our sale of shares of our common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, will be approximately $$143.8 million, or $$175.4 million if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of common stock by the selling stockholders.

A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $$9.3 million, assuming the number of shares of our common stock offered by us remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions.commissions payable by us. Similarly, each increase (decrease) of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares of our common stock offered would increase (decrease) the net proceeds from this offering by approximately $$14.9 million, assuming that the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 remains the same, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions.commissions payable by us.

The principal purposes of this offering are to create a public market for our common stock, increase our visibility in the marketplace, obtain additional capital, and increase our capitalization and financial flexibility.flexibility, and facilitate an orderly distribution of shares for the selling stockholders. We currently intend to use the net proceeds we receive from this offering primarily for working capital and other general corporate purposes, which may include product development, general and administrative matters, and capital expenditures. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds for the acquisition of, or investment in, technologies, solutions or businesses that complement our business. However, we do not have agreements or commitments for any acquisitions or investments outside the ordinary course of business at this time.

We will have broad discretion over the uses of the net proceeds of this offering. Pending these uses, we intend to invest the net proceeds from this offering in short-term, investment-grade interest-bearing securities, such as money market funds, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.

We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings for use in the operation of our business and do not anticipate paying any dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to declare dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, operating results, capital requirements, general business conditions, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, on:

You should read this table together with our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes, and the sections titled “Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” that are included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 129,791,239130,852,135 shares of our common stock outstanding as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, and excludes:

On the date of this prospectus, any remaining shares available for issuance under our 2013 Plan will be added to the shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under our 2021 Plan, and we will cease granting awards under the 2013 Plan. Our 2021 Plan and 2021 ESPP also provide for automatic annual increases in the number of shares reserved thereunder. See “Executive Compensation—Employee Benefit and Stock Plans” for additional information.

If you invest in our common stock in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our common stock and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.

As of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, our pro forma net tangible book value was $$5.2 million, or $$0.04 per share of our common stock. Our pro forma net tangible book value per share represents the amount of our total tangible assets reduced by the amount of our total liabilities and divided by the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, after giving effect to (i) the Capital Stock Conversion and (ii) the filing and effectiveness of our restated certificate of incorporation that will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering.

After giving effect to the sale by us of 10,000,000 shares of our common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, as well as the issuance of 1,084,552 shares of common stock upon the exercise of options held by certain selling stockholders, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021 would have been $$149.0 million, or $$1.05 per share. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $$1.01 per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value of $$14.95 per share to investors purchasing shares of our common stock in this offering at the assumed initial public offering price.

The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis to new investors:

The dilution information discussed above is illustrative only and will change based on the actual initial offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing. A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering by $$0.07 per share and would increase (decrease) the dilution per share to new investors in this offering by $$0.93 per share, assuming the number of shares of common stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions.commissions payable by us. Similarly, each increase (decrease) of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares of common stock offered would increase (decrease) the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering by $$0.10 per share and would increase (decrease) the dilution to new investors by $$(0.10) per share, assuming the assumed initial public offering price, which is the midpoint of the offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions.commissions payable by us.

If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock after giving effect to this offering would be $$1.25 per share, and the dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share to investors in this offering would be $$14.75 per share.

The following table summarizes, on a pro forma as adjusted basis as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, after giving effect to the pro forma adjustments described above, the difference between existing stockholders, and new investors purchasing shares of common stock in this offering with respect to the number of shares purchased from us, the total consideration paid to us, and the average price per share paid by our existing stockholders or to be paid by investors

A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) total consideration paid by new investors and total consideration paid by all stockholders by approximately $$10.0 million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions.

Except as otherwise indicated, the above discussion and tables assume no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. IfAfter giving effect to the sale of shares in this offering by us and the selling stockholders, if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full, our existing stockholders would own %88.7% and our new investors would own %11.3% of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding upon completion of this offering.

In addition, to the extent we issue any additional stock options or RSUs or any outstanding stock options or RSUs are exercised or settled, or we issue any other securities or convertible debt in the future, investors will experience further dilution.

The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 129,791,239130,852,135 shares of our common stock outstanding as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, and excludes:

Our mission is to empower every organization with the breakthrough perspectives they need to deliver truly exceptional customer experiences using human insight.

We have pioneered a video-first, enterprise-grade software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform that enables organizations to see and hear the experiences of real people as they engage with products, designs, apps, processes, concepts, or brands. Our platform captures authentic, credible, and highly contextualized customer perspectives from targeted audiences who have opted in to share their thoughts, whether for digital, real-world, or omnichannel experiences. Using machine learning, our platform analyzes these perspectives and surfaces key moments of insight rapidly and at scale. This helps organizations to free up time and resources and make better customer experience decisions faster using the power of video to drive alignment and action. Our platform provides significant value to our customers and our market leadership has been recognized by G2.com (G2) – a leading software review organization – as the #1 player across the user research, software testing, and consumer video feedback categories.

Over the past 14 years, we have grown from a pay-as-you-go website to an enterprise SaaS company with customers and employees around the world:

We generate revenue primarily from the sale of subscriptions to our platform, which accounted for over 90% of our total revenue in each of the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020 and each of the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and 2021. Our subscription plan includes access to our platform including customer support. The substantial majority of our subscriptions are for a one year, non-cancelable term, with some large, multi-year subscriptions ranging up to three years and some small, short-term subscriptions of less than one year. Our contracts are typically billed annually in advance and we generally recognize subscription revenue ratably over the contract term.

We also generate revenue from professional services. Our professional services include research studies, training services, and strategy workshops. Professional services revenue comprised less than 10% of our revenue in 2020.

We offer two primary subscription pricing plans – a seat-based subscription plan and a flex-based subscription plan. Each pricing plan provides platform access to our customers for the duration of the contract term and revenue is recognized ratably. Within each pricing plan, we offer specific editions based on varying levels of tools, features, and functionality.

Our seat-based subscription pricing plan varies depending on the platform edition and the number and type of seats, and comprised approximately 80%76% of our subscription revenue for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2021. In the fourth quarter of 2020, we launched a flex-based subscription pricing plan and began a roll out to both new and existing customers as an additional pricing option. We did so to ensure that our pricing plans are structured to further facilitate expansion within our customers’ organizations, including making it easier for our customers to add additional users and use cases. Customers utilizing the flex-based subscription pricing plan typically enter into an annual contract that covers access to the platform and the pricing is based on expected annual committed utilization of the platform’s features. Customers who exceed their contractual limits, are able to purchase either additional committed usage or on demand usage. The pricing plan and related utilization is determined based on the activity the customer processes within the platform, including the number and type of CxNs generated, and type of audience targeting used. In the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2021, revenue from our flex-based subscription plan represented approximately 14%20% of our subscription revenue. 

Our go-to-market strategy is segmented based on the size and region of our customers. We primarily sell through a direct selling motion, with field sales representatives who focus on enterprise customers and an inside sales organization which sells to mid-market and small and medium-sized business (SMB) customers. We have also started investing in creating channel partnerships and relationships with resellers, distributors, and strategic partners to broaden our reach.

We have achieved significant growth in recent periods. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, our total revenue was $76.6 million and $102.2 million, respectively, representing period-over-period growth of 33%. For the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and 2021, our total revenue was $46.5$72.8 million and $66.3$104.9 million, respectively, representing period-over-period growth of 43%44%. As we have grown our business, we have made significant investments in sales and marketing and research and development. As a result, for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, our net loss was $19.6 million and $34.0 million, respectively, and for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020 and 2021, our net loss was $17.1$26.1 million and $24.2$33.8 million, respectively.

We believe that the growth and future success of our business depends on many factors. While each of these factors presents significant opportunities for our business, they also pose important challenges that we plan to successfully address in order to sustain our growth and improve our results of operations.

We will continue to focus on acquiring new customers. We expect to continue to invest in sales and marketing and brand awareness to drive customer acquisition. We believe our investments in sales and marketing will allow us to market our offering to the complex needs of enterprises while unlocking a significant opportunity to the mid-market and small- and medium-sized business segments. If our investments in customer acquisition are not successful, our operating results would be adversely impacted. As of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, we had over 2,0002,100 customers, including more than half of the world’s top 100 most valuable brands according to Forbes, and our average ARR per customer increased from approximately $53,000$57,000 as of MarchDecember 31, 2019 to approximately $67,000 as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021. We had 249279 customers with at least $100,000 of ARR as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, reflecting growth of 58% from JuneSeptember 30, 2020. We believe that our rapidly growing number of customers with at least $100,000 of ARR reflects the value of our platform to enterprise customers. We also had nine customers with at least $1 million of ARR as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021. We define ARR as the annualized value of subscription revenue in the last month of the measurement quarter. ARR does not have a standardized meaning and is not

Many of our customers increase spending with us by adding seats or users on our platform. We have demonstrated a strong track record of expanding seats and users through cross-selling across organizations and upselling higher tiers of platform editions. Once a current team within an organization shares a CxN or summary output from our platform, it increases the visibility of our platform within that organization and creates opportunities for us to cultivate additional users. We expect that over time, a significant portion of our revenue growth will come from our existing customers adding seats or expanding their use of our platform. We measure the rate of expansion within our customer base using our net dollar-based retention rate. As of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, our net dollar-based retention rate was 117%119%.

We believe the strength and unique positioning of our platform will enable us to significantly expand within our existing customers. As an example, the average and median ARR of our top 30 customers as of JuneSeptember 30, 2021 were approximately $1.3 million and $790,000,$820,000, respectively, which reflect a meaningful expansion as compared to the average and median ARR of approximately $70,000 and $50,000, respectively, at each customer’s initial purchase. We believe that our newly launched flex-based subscription pricing plan will provide further flexibility for our enterprise customers to add additional users and use cases. If we are unable to further expand within our existing customer base, our operating results would be adversely impacted.

We plan to increase our sales capability by growing our field sales teams in order to target expansion within enterprises and to continue to target and acquire new customers. We are also continuing to focus on our marketing efforts by increasing brand awareness and advertising. We believe that these investments will contribute to our long-term growth, although they may adversely affect our operating results in the near term. We also have a track record of innovating and consistently adding new features to our platform. We released 25 new product features in 2020. We are growing our research and development capability to continue to innovate and enhance the functionality of our platform.

We are focused on addressing a global customer base. International revenue represented approximately 15% of our total revenue in 2020 and approximately 17%18% of our total revenue for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2021. As of JuneSeptember 30, 2021, we had customers in over 50 countries around the world. We believe there is a significant opportunity to further expand the use of our platform internationally as we grow our outbound field sales motion globally. Our growth and the success of our initiatives in markets outside of the United States will depend on our ability to adapt our platform to local markets and the continued adoption of our platform by our existing customers, as well as our ability to attract new customers.

We are investing in developing a strong ecosystem and partner network as a way to expand our go-to-market strategy. We have existing ecosystem integrations into key software vendors like Adobe, Atlassian, Qualtrics, and Slack. Additionally, we plan to develop and foster partnerships with resellers, systems integrators, and distributors. We believe that these partnerships will extend our sales reach and provide product and technology integrations that will accelerate implementation of our platform domestically and internationally, although investing in these relationships can be time consuming and costly.

We monitor and review a number of metrics, including the following key metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections, and make strategic

We believe that our ability to increase the number of our customers with at least $100,000 of ARR indicates our progress with a critical segment of our customer base. We are able to increase the number of our customers with at least $100,000 of ARR as more users and teams across organizations and industries realize the value of our platform in today’s digital age. A customer in a particular period is defined as a customer for whom we recognize subscription revenue in the last month of the measurement period. We define a single customer as the parent entity of the subsidiaries and divisions that contract with us. If a customer has multiple subsidiaries or divisions, then we aggregate subscription revenues from all entities to the parent level.

Our ability to retain and expand subscription revenue from existing customers is an important indicator of the stability of our revenue base, the long-term value of our platform to our customers, and future business opportunities. We calculate net dollar-based retention rate in order to measure our ability to retain and expand subscription revenue from our existing customers. Our net dollar-based retention rate compares the quarterly subscription revenue from the same cohort of customers across comparable periods. For each quarter, the cohort of customers are identified based on having subscription revenue at the beginning of the same quarter in the prior year. We calculate our net dollar-based retention rate in a quarter by dividing: (i) the total subscription revenue of the customer cohort in the current quarter, by (ii) the total subscription revenue of those same customers in the same quarter of the prior year. We expect our net dollar-based retention rate to fluctuate in future periods due to a number of factors, including our expected growth, the level of penetration within our customer base, our ability to upsell and cross-sell products to existing customers, and our ability to retain our customers.

In addition to our results determined in accordance with GAAP, we use the following non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate our operating performance and for forecasting purposes: non-GAAP gross profit and gross margin, non-GAAP net loss and net loss margin, and free cash flow. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures may be helpful to investors because they provide consistency and comparability with past financial performance.

Non-GAAP financial measures have limitations in their usefulness to investors and should not be considered in isolation or as substitutes for financial information presented under GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures have no standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are not prepared under any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles. In addition, other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures differently or may use other measures to evaluate their performance, all of which could reduce the usefulness of our non-GAAP financial measures as tools for comparison. As a result, our non-GAAP

We define non-GAAP gross profit as GAAP gross profit excluding stock-based compensation expense allocated to cost of revenue and amortization of certain acquired intangible assets allocated to cost of revenue. Non-GAAP gross margin is calculated as non-GAAP gross profit divided by total revenue. We expect our non-GAAP gross margin may vary from period to period and increase modestly in the long term as we optimize costs with additional scale.

We define non-GAAP operating loss as operating loss excluding stock-based compensation expense, and amortization of certain acquired intangible assets.assets, and reductions to general and administrative expense relating to reversals of sales and use tax accruals and related penalties and interest (as described in Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus). We use non-GAAP operating loss as a key performance measure because we believe it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period by excluding potential differences primarily caused by the impact of stock-based compensation expense, the impact of amortization of intangible assets, and the reversals of prior sales and use tax accruals and related penalties and interest. Non-GAAP operating loss margin is calculated as non-GAAP operating loss divided by total revenue. We use non-GAAP operating loss and non-GAAP operating loss margin in conjunction with traditional GAAP measures to evaluate our financial performance. We plan to continue to invest in growth and expansion, which could impact our non-GAAP operating loss.

We define free cash flow as net cash used in operating activities less cash used for purchases of property, plant and equipment and capitalized internal-used software. We believe that free cash flow is a useful indicator of liquidity that provides information to management and investors, even if negative, about the amount of cash used in our operations other than that used for investments in property and equipment. We expect to continue to invest in additional headcount as we invest in expanding our operations, which may negatively affect our free cash flow.

In December 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19 was first identified and by March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. Governments and municipalities across the United States and the world have instituted measures to slow infection rates, including orders to shelter-in-place, travel restrictions, and mandated business closure. The global economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic are significant and continue to evolve, as exhibited by, among other things, a rise in unemployment, changes in consumer behavior, and market volatility.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have temporarily required our employees to work remotely, implemented travel restrictions for all non-essential business, reduced hiring, and shifted certain of our conferences to virtual-only, and we may similarly alter, postpone, or cancel events in the future. This has resulted in a reduction in certain operating expenses during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as travel and entertainment. However, these savings were offset by other investments across the business, such that operating expenses were not materially impacted, and we expect to reassess these temporary measures as the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination programs continue to develop. In addition, our revenue generation has not been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, as the loss of certain existing customers and the inability of certain existing customers to make payments when due as a result of the adverse impact of COVID-19 on those customers’ businesses was generally offset by new customer acquisition. Driven by the acceleration of digital transformation initiatives in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we believe some customers, including those customers with predominantly physical operations, turned to our platform to quickly build out or add sophistication to their digital customer experiences. Additionally, some new customers leveraged our platform to create a more seamless integration between their online and offline presence. Overall, there has not been a material impact to our business as a result of COVID-19.

The extent of the impact of COVID-19 on our business and financial performance may be influenced by a number of factors, many of which we cannot control, including the duration and spread of the pandemic, future spikes of COVID-19 infections resulting in additional preventive measures, the severity of the economic decline attributable to the pandemic, the timing and nature of a potential economic recovery, and the impact on our customers and our sales cycles. See “Risk Factors” for additional information.

Subscription revenue primarily consists of subscription fees from customer agreements to access our platform, as well as additional support services. Our customers do not have the ability to take possession of our software. We

Professional services primarily consists of fees from professional services including research studies, training services, and strategy workshops. Professional services are generally considered distinct from access to our platform. We recognize revenue from service engagements that occur over a period of time on a proportional performance basis as the services are delivered. While we expect our professional services revenue to increase in terms of absolute dollars, they will fluctuate from period to period and may not grow consistently with our subscription revenue.

Subscription cost of revenue consists of three categories of expenses: UserTesting Contributor Network, platform, and support. UserTesting Contributor Network costs consist primarily of participant payments and fees as well as the cost to operate and support those participants. Platform costs consist primarily of the cost to operate our platform, including infrastructure-related, hosting, and personnel-related costs, such as salaries, bonus, stock-based compensation expense, and benefits. Support costs include the personnel-related costs, such as salaries, bonus, stock-based compensation expense, and benefits, of employees who directly support customers of our subscription services and amortization of acquired intangibles.

Professional services cost of revenue consists primarily of personnel-related costs associated with professional services personnel, including stock-based compensation, third-party consulting services, and allocated overhead.

Gross profit is total revenue less cost of revenue and gross margin is gross profit expressed as a percentage of revenue. Our gross margin may vary from period to period as our mix or cost of revenue fluctuates. Our gross margin on subscription revenue is significantly higher than our gross margin on professional services revenue. In addition, we may experience changes in our professional services gross margin due to a mismatch between when revenue is recognized and when related expenses are incurred. We expect our gross margin may vary from period to period and increase modestly in the long term.

Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation directly associated with our sales and marketing organization. Other sales and marketing expenses include costs for promotional events to promote our brand, web advertising, trade conferences, and allocated overhead. Sales commissions that are directly related to acquiring customer contracts, as well as associated payroll taxes, are deferred upon execution of a contract with a customer, and subsequently amortized to sales and marketing expense over an estimated period of benefit of four years. We have elected the practical expedient to expense renewal commissions in the period of booking if the period of amortization is one year or less, and we amortize commissions related to renewal contracts that are greater than one year over the weighted average renewal term. We

Research and development expenses primarily consist of personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation directly associated with our research and development employees and outside services costs. Research

General and administrative expenses primarily consist of personnel-related expenses, including stock-based compensation directly associated with our finance, legal and human resources organizations, professional fees for external legal, accounting, and other consulting services, bad debt expense, and allocated overhead. We expect to increase the size of our general and administrative function to support the growth of our business. Following the closing of this offering, we expect to incur additional expenses as a result of operating as a public company, including expenses related to compliance and reporting obligations of reporting companies and increased costs for insurance, investor relations expenses, and professional services. As a result, we expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase in absolute dollars for the foreseeable future. Although we expect our general and administrative expenses will increase in absolute dollars in future periods and may vary from period to period as a percentage of revenue in the near term, we expect that general and administrative expenses will decline as a percentage of revenue in the long term.

Interest income, net consists primarily of income earned on cash equivalents.

Other income, (expense), net consists primarily of miscellaneous non-operational income and expense, including grant money received from a grant agreement in July 2020 as well as sublease income.

Provision for income taxes consists of federal, state and foreign income taxes. Due to cumulative losses, we maintain a valuation allowance against our U.S. deferred tax assets. We consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, including but not limited to earnings history, projected future outcomes, industry and market trends and the nature of each of the deferred tax assets in assessing the extent to which a valuation allowance should be applied against our U.S. deferred tax assets.

The following tables set forth selected consolidated statements of operations data for each of the periods indicated:

The following table sets forth selected consolidated statements of operations data expressed as a percentage of revenue for each of the periods indicated: