UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
March 14, 2023
Commission File Number 001-15244
CREDIT SUISSE GROUP AG
(Translation of registrant’s name into English)
Paradeplatz 8, CH 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
(Address of principal executive office)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-F Form 40-F
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes No
If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b): 82-.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
CREDIT SUISSE GROUP AG
(Registrant)
Date: March 14, 2023
By:
/s/ David Wildermuth
David Wildermuth
Chief Risk Officer
By:
/s/ Dixit Joshi
Dixit Joshi
Chief Financial Officer
For purposes of this report, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Credit Suisse Group, “Credit Suisse,” the “Group,” “we,” “us” and “our” mean Credit Suisse Group AG and its consolidated subsidiaries. The business of Credit Suisse AG, the direct bank subsidiary of the Group, is substantially similar to the Group, and we use these terms to refer to both when the subject is the same or substantially similar. We use the term the “Bank” when we are only referring to Credit Suisse AG and its consolidated subsidiaries. We use the term the “Bank parent company” when we are referring only to the standalone parent entity Credit Suisse AG. Abbreviations are explained in the List of abbreviations in the back of this report. Publications referenced in this report, whether via website links or otherwise, are not incorporated into this report. In various tables, use of “–” indicates not meaningful or not applicable. Rounding differences may occur.
Credit Suisse Group AG
Introduction
Swiss capital requirements
Overview of risk management
Risk-weighted assets
Linkages between financial statements and regulatory exposures
Credit risk
Counterparty credit risk
Securitization
Market risk
Interest rate risk in the banking book
Additional regulatory disclosures
List of abbreviations
Cautionary statement regarding forward-looking information
This report as of December 31, 2022 is based on the Circular 2016/1 “Disclosure – banks” (FINMA circular) issued by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority FINMA (FINMA).
This report is produced and published quarterly, in accordance with FINMA requirements. The reporting frequency for each disclosure requirement is either annual, semi-annual or quarterly. This document should be read in conjunction with the Pillar 3 and regulatory disclosures – Credit Suisse Group AG 2Q22 and 3Q22, the Credit Suisse Earnings Release 4Q22 as well as the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022, which include important information on regulatory capital, risk management (specific references have been made herein to these documents) and regulatory developments and proposals.
Credit Suisse Group is the highest consolidated entity to which the FINMA circular applies.
These disclosures were verified and approved internally in line with our board-approved policy on disclosure controls and procedures. The level of internal control processes for these disclosures is similar to those applied to the Group’s quarterly and annual financial reports. This report has not been audited by the Group’s external auditors.
For certain prescribed table formats where line items have zero balances, such line items have not been presented.
This report reflects certain updates and corrections to prior period metrics, which have been noted in the relevant tabular disclosures, where applicable.
In connection with the implementation of Basel III, certain regulatory disclosures for the Group and certain of its subsidiaries are required. The Group’s Pillar 3 disclosure, regulatory disclosures, additional information on capital instruments, including the main features of regulatory capital instruments and total loss-absorbing capacity (TLAC)-eligible instruments that form part of the eligible capital base and TLAC resources, Global systemically important bank (G-SIB) financial indicators, reconciliation requirements, leverage ratios and certain liquidity disclosures as well as regulatory disclosures for subsidiaries can be found on our website.
> Refer to credit-suisse.com/regulatorydisclosures for additional information.
> Refer to “Regulatory developments” (pages 118 to 119) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Capital management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information.
This report provides the Pillar 3 and regulatory disclosures required by the FINMA circular for the Group to the extent that these disclosures are not included in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 or in the regulatory disclosures on our website.
> Refer to “Annual Report” under credit-suisse.com/ar for disclosures included in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022.
2
Location of disclosures | |||||
FINMA disclosure requirements | Location | Page number | |||
Overview of risk management, key prudential metrics and risk-weighted assets | |||||
Key prudential metrics [Table KM1] / [Table KM2] | Qualitative disclosures: "Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet" | 109 - 126 | |||
Risk management approach [Table OVA] | "Risk management oversight" "Risk appetite framework" "Risk coverage and management" | 133 - 135 135 - 138 138 - 154 | |||
Overview of risk-weighted assets [Table OV1] | Qualitative disclosures: "Risk-weighted assets" | 122 - 124 | |||
Linkages between financial statements and regulatory exposures | |||||
Valuation process [Table LIA] | "Fair valuations" "Critical accounting estimates - Fair value" "Note 36 - Financial instruments" | 72 97 358 - 385 | |||
Composition of capital and TLAC | |||||
Differences in basis of consolidation [Table CC2] | List of significant subsidiaries and associated entities: "Note 41 - Significant subsidiaries and equity method investments" Changes in scope of consolidation: "Note 3 - Business developments, significant shareholders and subsequent events" | 400 - 402 276 - 277 | |||
Main features of regulatory capital instruments and TLAC-eligible instruments [Table CCA] | Refer to "Capital instruments" under credit-suisse.com/regulatorydisclosures 1 | ||||
Macroprudential supervisor measures | |||||
Disclosure of G-SIBs indicators [Table GSIB1] | Refer to "G-SIB Indicators" under credit-suisse.com/regulatorydisclosures 1 | ||||
Credit risk | |||||
General qualitative information [Table CRA] | "Credit risk" | 140 - 144 | |||
Additional disclosure related to credit quality of assets [Table CRB a), b), c) and d)] | "Note 1 - Summary of significant accounting policies" "Note 20 - Financial instruments measured at amortized cost and credit losses" | 269 - 271 290 - 303 | |||
Qualitative disclosure requirements related to credit risk mitigation techniques [Table CRC a)]: Netting | "Derivative instruments" "Note 1 - Summary of significant accounting policies" "Note 28 - Offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities" | 160 - 162 267 - 268 313 - 316 | |||
Counterparty credit risk | |||||
Qualitative disclosure requirements [Table CCRA] | Transaction rating, credit limits and provisioning: "Credit risk" Effect of a credit rating downgrade: "Credit ratings" | 140 - 144 113 - 114 | |||
Securitization | |||||
Qualitative disclosure requirements [Table SECA] | "Note 35 - Transfers of financial assets and variable interest entities" | 348 - 357 | |||
Market risk | |||||
Qualitative disclosure requirements [Table MRA] | "Market risk" "Note 1 - Summary of significant accounting policies" "Note 33 - Derivatives and hedging activities" | 144 - 148 267 - 268 338 - 344 | |||
Leverage metrics | |||||
Qualitative disclosures [Table LR2] | "Leverage metrics" "Swiss metrics" | 125 125 - 126 | |||
Liquidity coverage ratio | |||||
Liquidity risk management [Table LIQA] | "Liquidity and funding management" | 106 - 114 | |||
Liquidity Coverage Ratio [Table LIQ1] | Qualitative disclosures: "Liquidity metrics" | 109 - 110 | |||
Liquidity: information on the NSFR [Table LIQ2] | Qualitative disclosures: "Liquidity metrics" | 110 | |||
Remuneration | |||||
Remuneration policy [Table REMA] | "Compensation" | 219 - 254 | |||
Remuneration awarded during the financial year [table REM1] / Special payments [table REM2] / Deferred remuneration [table REM3] | Senior management: "Executive Board compensation" Other material risk takers: "Group compensation" | 233 - 235 246 - 248 236 - 241 249 - 251 | |||
Operational risk | |||||
Qualitative disclosures [Table ORA] | "Non-financial risk regulatory capital measurement" | 150 | |||
Corporate Governance | |||||
Corporate Governance [Appendix 4] | "Corporate Governance" | 169 - 218 | |||
Climate-related financial risks | |||||
Climate-related financial risks [Appendix 5] | "Climate-related risks" | 152 - 153 | |||
1 The disclosure will be available by the end of April 2023. |
3
FINMA requires the Group to comply fully with the special requirements for systemically important financial institutions operating internationally. The following tables present the Swiss capital and leverage requirements and metrics as required by FINMA.
> Refer to “Swiss requirements” (pages 116 to 118) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Capital management – Regulatory framework and “Swiss metrics” (pages 125 to 126) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Capital management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on general Swiss requirements and the related metrics.
Swiss capital requirements and metrics | |||||
end of 4Q22 | CHF million | in % of RWA | |||
Swiss risk-weighted assets | |||||
Swiss risk-weighted assets | 250,963 | – | |||
Risk-based capital requirements (going-concern) based on Swiss capital ratios | |||||
Total 1 | 36,722 | 14.63 | |||
of which CET1: minimum | 11,293 | 4.5 | |||
of which CET1: buffer | 11,996 | 4.78 | |||
of which CET1: countercyclical buffers | 791 | 0.315 | |||
of which additional tier 1: minimum | 8,784 | 3.5 | |||
of which additional tier 1: buffer | 2,008 | 0.8 | |||
Swiss eligible capital (going-concern) | |||||
Swiss CET1 capital and additional tier 1 capital 2 | 50,026 | 19.9 | |||
of which CET1 capital 3 | 35,290 | 14.1 | |||
of which additional tier 1 high-trigger capital instruments | 10,495 | 4.2 | |||
of which additional tier 1 low-trigger capital instruments 4 | 4,241 | 1.7 | |||
Risk-based requirements for additional total loss-absorbing capacity (gone-concern) based on Swiss capital ratios | |||||
Total according to size and market share 5 | 34,081 | 13.58 | |||
Reductions due to rebates in accordance with article 133 of the CAO | (7,811) | (3.113) | |||
Total, net | 26,270 | 10.468 | |||
Eligible additional total loss-absorbing capacity (gone-concern) | |||||
Total | 49,117 | 19.6 | |||
of which bail-in instruments 6 | 49,117 | 19.6 | |||
1 The total requirement includes the FINMA Pillar 2 capital add-on of CHF 1,850 million relating to the supply chain finance funds matter. This Pillar 2 capital add-on equates to an additional Swiss CET1 capital ratio requirement of 74 basis points. | |||||
2 Excludes tier 1 capital that is used to fulfill gone-concern requirements. | |||||
3 Excludes CET1 capital that is used to fulfill gone-concern requirements. | |||||
4 If issued before July 1, 2016, such capital instruments qualify as additional tier 1 high-trigger capital instruments until their first call date according to the transitional Swiss "Too Big to Fail" rules. | |||||
5 Consists of a base requirement of 12.86%, or CHF 32,274 million, and a surcharge of 0.72%, or CHF 1,807 million. | |||||
6 Includes instruments issued, which are eligible as gone-concern capacity, where the Group used the proceeds of CHF 6,982 million to reduce an exposure that Credit Suisse AG has from providing net senior funding to the Group. As of the end of 4Q22, the Group had a net funding liability against Credit Suisse AG of CHF 227 million, resulting from existing net senior funding provided by Credit Suisse AG to the Group of CHF 2,516 million offset by CHF 2,289 million of funding provided by the Group to Credit Suisse AG. |
4
Swiss leverage requirements and metrics | |||||
end of 4Q22 | CHF million | in % of LRD | |||
Leverage exposure | |||||
Leverage ratio denominator | 650,551 | – | |||
Unweighted capital requirements (going-concern) based on Swiss leverage ratio | |||||
Total 1 | 32,751 | 5.034 | |||
of which CET1: minimum | 9,758 | 1.5 | |||
of which CET1: buffer | 11,385 | 1.75 | |||
of which additional tier 1: minimum | 9,758 | 1.5 | |||
Swiss eligible capital (going-concern) | |||||
Swiss CET1 capital and additional tier 1 capital 2 | 50,026 | 7.7 | |||
of which CET1 capital 3 | 35,290 | 5.4 | |||
of which additional tier 1 high-trigger capital instruments | 10,495 | 1.6 | |||
of which additional tier 1 low-trigger capital instruments 4 | 4,241 | 0.7 | |||
Unweighted requirements for additional total loss-absorbing capacity (gone-concern) based on the Swiss leverage ratio | |||||
Total according to size and market share 5 | 30,901 | 4.75 | |||
Reductions due to rebates in accordance with article 133 of the CAO | (6,506) | (1.0) | |||
Total, net | 24,396 | 3.75 | |||
Eligible additional total loss-absorbing capacity (gone-concern) | |||||
Total | 49,117 | 7.6 | |||
of which bail-in instruments 6 | 49,117 | 7.6 | |||
1 The total requirement includes the FINMA Pillar 2 capital add-on of CHF 1,850 million relating to the supply chain finance funds matter. This Pillar 2 capital add-on equates to an additional Swiss CET1 leverage ratio requirement of 28 basis points. | |||||
2 Excludes tier 1 capital that is used to fulfill gone-concern requirements. | |||||
3 Excludes CET1 capital that is used to fulfill gone-concern requirements. | |||||
4 If issued before July 1, 2016, such capital instruments qualify as additional tier 1 high-trigger capital instruments until their first call date according to the transitional Swiss "Too Big to Fail" rules. | |||||
5 Consists of a base requirement of 4.5%, or CHF 29,275 million, and a surcharge of 0.25%, or CHF 1,626 million. | |||||
6 Includes instruments issued, which are eligible as gone-concern capacity, where the Group used the proceeds of CHF 6,982 million to reduce an exposure that Credit Suisse AG has from providing net senior funding to the Group. As of the end of 4Q22, the Group had a net funding liability against Credit Suisse AG of CHF 227 million, resulting from existing net senior funding provided by Credit Suisse AG to the Group of CHF 2,516 million offset by CHF 2,289 million of funding provided by the Group to Credit Suisse AG. |
5
Fundamental to our business is the prudent taking of risk in line with our strategic priorities. The primary objectives of risk management are to protect our financial strength and reputation, while ensuring that capital is well deployed to support business activities. Our risk management framework is based on transparency, management accountability and independent oversight. Risk management is an integral part of our business planning process with strong involvement of senior management and the Board of Directors. Risk measurement models are reviewed by the Model Risk Management team, an independent validation function, and regularly presented to and approved by the relevant oversight committee.
> Refer to “Risk management oversight” (pages 133 to 135), “Risk appetite framework” (pages 135 to 138) and “Risk coverage and management” (pages 138 to 154) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for information on risk management oversight including risk culture, risk governance, risk organization, risk types, risk appetite, risk limits, stress testing and strategies/processes to manage, hedge and mitigate risks.
Risk reporting is performed regularly and there are numerous internal control procedures in place, in particular the standard operating procedures, risk and control assessment and independent report review. In addition, there are controls to ensure the risk data and measurement systems are up to date and are working as intended. They cover: validation of data, data reconciliation, independent checks/validation and error reports to capture any failings. Senior management and the Board of Directors are informed about key risk metrics aligned to our Strategic Risk Objectives in the monthly Group Risk Report.
The Group is exposed to several key banking risks such as:
■ Credit risk (refer to section “Credit risk” on pages 12 to 43);
■ Counterparty credit risk (refer to section “Counterparty credit risk” on pages 44 to 53);
■ Securitization risk (refer to section “Securitization risk” on pages 54 to 61);
■ Market risk (refer to section “Market risk” on pages 62 to 65);
■ Interest rate risk in the banking book (refer to section “Interest rate risk in the banking book” on pages 66 to 69); and
■ Operational risk.
> Refer to “Non-financial risk regulatory capital measurement” (page 150) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management – Risk coverage and management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for information on operational risk.
The Basel framework prescribes various approaches for determining capital requirements which banks have to abide by in order maintain regulatory compliance. For the majority of the types of risks, Credit Suisse uses internally developed models for both regulatory and internal purposes, in order to ensure our capital resources are appropriate to our risk profile.
6
Risk-weighted assets (RWA) presented in this report, including prior period comparisons, are based on the Swiss capital requirements.
> Refer to “Swiss requirements” (pages 116 to 118) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Capital management – Regulatory framework in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on Swiss capital requirements.
The following table presents an overview of total Swiss RWA forming the denominator of the risk-based capital requirements. Further breakdowns of RWA are presented in subsequent sections of this report.
RWA of CHF 251.0 billion as of the end of 4Q22 decreased 8% compared to CHF 274.1 billion as of the end of 3Q22, mainly due to movements in risk levels in credit risk and a negative foreign exchange impact. The movements in risk levels in credit risk included a decrease in lending exposures.
RWA flow statements for credit risk, counterparty credit risk (CCR) and market risk are presented in subsequent parts of this report.
> Refer to “Risk-weighted assets” (pages 122 to 124) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Capital management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on risk-weighted assets movements in 2022.
OV1 – Overview of Swiss risk-weighted assets and capital requirements | |||||||||
Risk-weighted assets | Capital requirement | 1 | |||||||
end of | 4Q22 | 3Q22 | 4Q21 | 4Q22 | |||||
CHF million | |||||||||
Credit risk (excluding counterparty credit risk) | 120,369 | 131,023 | 126,878 | 9,629 | |||||
of which standardized approach (SA) | 26,974 | 30,870 | 25,591 | 2,158 | |||||
of which supervisory slotting approach | 3,703 | 4,063 | 4,040 | 296 | |||||
of which advanced internal ratings-based (A-IRB) approach | 89,692 | 96,090 | 97,247 | 7,175 | |||||
Counterparty credit risk | 10,147 | 13,443 | 15,640 | 812 | |||||
of which standardized approach for counterparty credit risk (SA-CCR) | 1,970 | 3,434 | 3,064 | 158 | |||||
of which internal model method (IMM) | 7,518 | 9,203 | 11,536 | 601 | |||||
of which other counterparty credit risk 2 | 659 | 806 | 1,040 | 53 | |||||
Credit valuation adjustments (CVA) | 3,301 | 4,032 | 5,046 | 264 | |||||
Equity positions in the banking book under the simple risk weight approach | 3,775 | 5,479 | 7,071 | 302 | |||||
Equity investments in funds - look-through approach | 2,181 | 2,298 | 2,431 | 174 | |||||
Equity investments in funds - mandate-based approach | 11 | 11 | 21 | 1 | |||||
Equity investments in funds - fall-back approach | 671 | 662 | 505 | 54 | |||||
Settlement risk | 422 | 387 | 465 | 34 | |||||
Securitization exposures in the banking book | 13,282 | 13,731 | 13,396 | 1,063 | |||||
of which securitization internal ratings-based approach (SEC-IRBA) | 7,431 | 7,864 | 7,736 | 595 | |||||
of which securitization external ratings-based approach (SEC-ERBA), including internal assessment approach (IAA) | 922 | 916 | 1,429 | 74 | |||||
of which securitization standardized approach (SEC-SA) | 4,929 | 4,951 | 4,231 | 394 | |||||
Market risk | 15,025 | 16,725 | 16,355 | 1,202 | |||||
of which standardized approach (SA) | 1,802 | 1,964 | 1,648 | 144 | |||||
of which internal models approach (IMA) | 13,223 | 14,761 | 14,707 | 1,058 | |||||
Operational risk (AMA) | 74,500 | 78,880 | 67,627 | 5,960 | |||||
Amounts below the thresholds for deduction (subject to 250% risk weight) | 7,279 | 7,467 | 12,983 | 582 | |||||
Total | 250,963 | 274,138 | 268,418 | 20,077 | |||||
1 Calculated as 8% of Swiss risk-weighted assets, based on total capital minimum requirements, excluding capital conservation buffer and G-SIB buffer requirements. | |||||||||
2 Includes RWA for contributions to the default fund of a central counterparty and loans hedged by centrally cleared CDS. |
7
This section shows the various sources of differences between the carrying values presented in the Group’s financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the US (US GAAP) and the exposure amounts used for regulatory purposes. The identification, classification and presentation of these sources of differences requires a significant amount of management judgement and is based on the information available at the time. As such, reclassifications have been made compared to the prior year. Management believes that the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of these disclosures are prudent, reasonable and consistently applied.
The following table shows the differences between the scope of accounting consolidation and the scope of regulatory consolidation, broken down by how the amounts reported in the Group’s financial statements correspond to regulatory risk categories. The column about the securitization framework includes securitizations in the banking book, whereas securitizations in the trading book are included in the column about market risk. Foreign exchange risk in the banking book is captured by the Internal Model Approach (IMA) in market risk. Positions with foreign exchange risk in the banking book are not included in the column about market risk. Cash collateral is excluded from market risk. However, the cash leg of securities financing transactions (SFT) in the trading book is included in the column about market risk.
LI1 - Differences between accounting and regulatory scopes of consolidation and mapping of financial statements with regulatory risk categories | |||||||||||||||
Carrying values | Carrying values of items subject to: | ||||||||||||||
end of 4Q22 | Published financial statements | Regulatory scope of consolidation | Credit risk frame- work | Counter- party credit risk frame- work | Securiti- zation frame- work | Market risk frame- work | Not subject to capital require- ments or subject to deduction from capital | ||||||||
Assets (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 68,478 | 68,293 | 67,593 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 700 | ||||||||
Interest-bearing deposits with banks | 455 | 1,006 | 981 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Central bank funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and securities borrowing transactions | 58,798 | 58,798 | 0 | 58,448 | 350 | 44,042 | 0 | ||||||||
Securities received as collateral, at fair value | 2,978 | 2,978 | 0 | 2,978 | 0 | 2,978 | 0 | ||||||||
Trading assets, at fair value 1 | 65,461 | 64,681 | 8,657 | 32,980 | 2 | 781 | 62,160 | 0 | |||||||
Investment securities | 1,718 | 1,718 | 1,718 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Other investments | 5,518 | 5,768 | 3,485 | 0 | 213 | 16 | 2,054 | ||||||||
Net loans | 264,165 | 264,543 | 229,295 | 375 | 34,234 | 1,251 | 0 | ||||||||
Goodwill | 2,903 | 2,903 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,903 | ||||||||
Other intangible assets | 458 | 458 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 458 | ||||||||
Brokerage receivables | 13,818 | 13,818 | 1,220 | 2,452 | 0 | 0 | 10,153 | ||||||||
Other assets | 46,608 | 44,466 | 22,277 | 8,413 | 6,633 | 2,719 | 4,556 | ||||||||
Total assets | 531,358 | 529,430 | 335,226 | 105,671 | 42,211 | 113,166 | 20,824 | ||||||||
Liabilities (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Due to banks | 11,905 | 12,032 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12,032 | ||||||||
Customer deposits | 233,235 | 233,320 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 233,320 | ||||||||
Central bank funds purchased, securities sold under repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions | 20,280 | 20,282 | 0 | 20,282 | 0 | 15,038 | 0 | ||||||||
Obligation to return securities received as collateral, at fair value | 2,978 | 2,978 | 0 | 2,978 | 0 | 2,978 | 0 | ||||||||
Trading liabilities, at fair value 1 | 18,338 | 18,372 | 0 | 9,198 | 0 | 28,181 | 746 | ||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 12,414 | 12,444 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7,783 | 4,661 | ||||||||
Long-term debt | 157,235 | 155,113 | 1,371 | 0 | 0 | 39,157 | 114,585 | ||||||||
Brokerage payables | 11,442 | 11,442 | 0 | 794 | 0 | 0 | 10,648 | ||||||||
Other liabilities | 18,200 | 17,987 | 444 | 4,227 | 0 | 973 | 12,343 | ||||||||
Total liabilities | 486,027 | 483,970 | 1,815 | 37,479 | 0 | 94,110 | 388,335 | ||||||||
There are items in the table which attract capital charges according to more than one risk category framework. As an example, derivatives assets/liabilities held in the regulatory trading book are shown in the column about market risk and in the column about counterparty credit risk. | |||||||||||||||
1 Trading assets/liabilities on the balance sheet reflect the balance after considering netting benefit of cash collateral hence reflect a lower balance than disclosed in the market risk column as cash collateral is not part of the market risk framework. | |||||||||||||||
2 Includes assets pledged as collateral since collateral posted is subject to counterparty credit risk. |
8
LI1 - Differences between accounting and regulatory scopes of consolidation and mapping of financial statements with regulatory risk categories (continued) | |||||||||||||||
Carrying values | Carrying values of items subject to: | ||||||||||||||
end of 4Q21 | Published financial statements | Regulatory scope of consolidation | Credit risk frame- work | Counter- party credit risk frame- work | Securiti- zation frame- work | Market risk frame- work | Not subject to capital require- ments or subject to deduction from capital | ||||||||
Assets (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 164,818 | 164,524 | 163,292 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,232 | ||||||||
Interest-bearing deposits with banks | 1,323 | 1,590 | 1,498 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Central bank funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and securities borrowing transactions | 103,906 | 103,900 | 0 | 103,900 | 0 | 81,295 | 0 | ||||||||
Securities received as collateral, at fair value | 15,017 | 15,017 | 0 | 15,017 | 0 | 15,017 | 0 | ||||||||
Trading assets, at fair value 1 | 111,141 | 110,246 | 9,327 | 47,737 | 2 | 944 | 110,544 | 0 | |||||||
Investment securities | 1,005 | 1,005 | 1,002 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Other investments | 5,826 | 5,770 | 3,705 | 0 | 289 | 0 | 1,776 | ||||||||
Net loans | 291,686 | 292,126 | 259,842 | 201 | 30,842 | 1,473 | 0 | ||||||||
Goodwill | 2,917 | 2,921 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,921 | ||||||||
Other intangible assets | 276 | 276 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 276 | ||||||||
Brokerage receivables | 16,687 | 16,687 | 2,071 | 12,941 | 0 | 0 | 1,675 | ||||||||
Other assets | 41,231 | 40,701 | 19,801 | 8,161 | 938 | 3,984 | 8,107 | ||||||||
Total assets | 755,833 | 754,763 | 460,538 | 188,049 | 33,016 | 212,313 | 15,987 | ||||||||
Liabilities (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Due to banks | 18,965 | 19,016 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19,016 | ||||||||
Customer deposits | 392,819 | 392,784 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 392,784 | ||||||||
Central bank funds purchased, securities sold under repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions | 35,274 | 35,274 | 0 | 35,274 | 0 | 18,307 | 0 | ||||||||
Obligation to return securities received as collateral, at fair value | 15,017 | 15,017 | 0 | 15,017 | 0 | 15,017 | 0 | ||||||||
Trading liabilities, at fair value 1 | 27,535 | 27,563 | 42 | 10,865 | 0 | 44,144 | 439 | ||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 19,393 | 19,473 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11,816 | 7,657 | ||||||||
Long-term debt | 166,896 | 165,670 | 1,487 | 0 | 0 | 41,801 | 122,382 | ||||||||
Brokerage payables | 13,060 | 13,060 | 0 | 8,810 | 0 | 0 | 4,250 | ||||||||
Other liabilities | 22,644 | 22,606 | 407 | 6,053 | 0 | 1,388 | 14,871 | ||||||||
Total liabilities | 711,603 | 710,463 | 1,936 | 76,019 | 0 | 132,473 | 561,399 | ||||||||
There are items in the table which attract capital charges according to more than one risk category framework. As an example, derivatives assets/liabilities held in the regulatory trading book are shown in the column about market risk and in the column about counterparty credit risk. | |||||||||||||||
1 Trading assets/liabilities on the balance sheet reflect the balance after considering netting benefit of cash collateral hence reflect a lower balance than disclosed in the market risk column as cash collateral is not part of the market risk framework. | |||||||||||||||
2 Includes assets pledged as collateral since collateral posted is subject to counterparty credit risk. |
For financial reporting purposes, our consolidation principles comply with US GAAP. For capital adequacy reporting purposes, however, entities that are not active in banking and finance are not subject to consolidation (i.e. insurance, commercial and certain real estate companies). Also, FINMA does not require consolidating private equity and other fund type vehicles for capital adequacy reporting. Further differences in consolidation principles between US GAAP and capital adequacy reporting relate to special purpose entities (SPEs) that are consolidated under a control-based approach for US GAAP but are assessed under a risk-based approach for capital adequacy reporting. In addition, FINMA requires us to consolidate companies which form an economic unit with Credit Suisse or if Credit Suisse is obliged to provide compulsory financial support to a company. The investments into such entities, which are not material to the Group, are treated in accordance with the regulatory rules and are either subject to a risk-weighted capital requirement or a deduction from regulatory capital.
All significant equity method investments represent investments in the capital of banking, financial and insurance entities and are subject to a threshold calculation in accordance with the Basel framework and the Swiss Capital Adequacy Ordinance (CAO).
> Refer to “Note 41 – Significant subsidiaries and equity method investments” (pages 400 to 402) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for a list of significant subsidiaries and associated entities.
9
In addition to the differences between accounting and regulatory scopes of consolidation as shown in table LI1 there are further main sources of differences between the financial statements’ carrying value amounts and the exposure amounts used for regulatory purposes.
LI2 - Main sources of differences between regulatory exposure amounts and carrying values in financial statements | |||||||||
Items subject to: | |||||||||
end of | Credit risk frame- work | Counter- party credit risk frame- work | 1 | Securiti- zation frame- work | Market risk frame- work | ||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||
Asset carrying value amount under regulatory scope of consolidation | 335,226 | 105,671 | 42,211 | 113,166 | |||||
Liabilities carrying value amount under regulatory scope of consolidation | 1,815 | 37,479 | 0 | 94,110 | |||||
Total net amount under regulatory scope of consolidation | 333,411 | 68,192 | 42,211 | 19,056 | |||||
Off-balance sheet amounts | 56,485 | 0 | 26,468 | 0 | |||||
Differences due to consideration of valuation adjustments and provisions | 436 | 0 | 95 | 0 | |||||
Derivatives: Differences due to application of internal models (IMM) and SA-CCR | 0 | 20,504 | 0 | 0 | |||||
SFT: Differences due to the application of internal models (VaR) | 0 | (41,342) | 0 | 0 | |||||
Other differences not classified above | 552 | 3,750 | (3,732) | 0 | |||||
Exposure amounts considered for regulatory purposes | 390,884 | 51,104 | 65,042 | – | 2 | ||||
4Q21 (CHF million) | |||||||||
Asset carrying value amount under regulatory scope of consolidation | 460,538 | 188,049 | 33,016 | 212,313 | |||||
Liabilities carrying value amount under regulatory scope of consolidation | 1,936 | 76,019 | 0 | 132,473 | |||||
Total net amount under regulatory scope of consolidation | 458,602 | 112,030 | 33,016 | 79,840 | |||||
Off-balance sheet amounts | 65,075 | 0 | 33,158 | 0 | |||||
Differences due to consideration of valuation adjustments and provisions | 507 | 0 | 64 | 0 | |||||
Derivatives: Differences due to application of internal models (IMM) and SA-CCR | 0 | 30,489 | 0 | 0 | |||||
SFT: Differences due to the application of internal models (VaR) | 0 | (76,949) | 0 | 0 | |||||
Other differences not classified above | (6,042) | 3,649 | (3,247) | 0 | |||||
Exposure amounts considered for regulatory purposes | 518,142 | 69,219 | 62,991 | – | 2 | ||||
The funded portion of the default funds for clearing houses are recorded as a brokerage receivable in accounting. For these positions there is no exposure amount considered for regulatory purposes. | |||||||||
1 Counterparty credit risk includes client cleared exposures, whereas such agency exposures are not reported in the financial statements. Additionally, the column counterparty credit risk and the column market risk take into account the impact of collateral pledges received in SFTs. | |||||||||
2 The concept of “exposure amounts considered for regulatory purposes” is not applicable for market risk as for example for the VaR model. |
> Refer to “Comparison of the standardized and internal model approaches” (pages 19 to 23) in Credit risk – Credit risk under the standardized approach for further information on the origins of differences between carrying values and amounts considered for regulatory purposes shown in the table above.
10
Valuation process
The Basel capital adequacy framework and the Swiss regulation provide guidance for systems and controls, valuation methodologies and valuation adjustments and reserves to provide prudent and reliable valuation estimates.
Financial instruments in the trading book are carried at fair value. The fair value of the majority of these financial instruments is marked to market based on quoted prices in active markets or observable inputs. Additionally, the Group holds financial instruments which are marked to models where the determination of fair values requires subjective assessment and varying degrees of judgment depending on liquidity, pricing assumptions, the current economic and competitive environment and the risks affecting the specific instrument.
Control processes are applied to ensure that the reported fair values of the financial instruments, including those derived from pricing models, are appropriate and determined on a reasonable basis. These control processes include approval of new instruments, timely review of profit and loss, risk monitoring, price verification procedures and validation of models used to estimate the fair value. These functions are managed by senior management and personnel with relevant expertise, independent of the trading and investment functions.
In particular, the price verification function is performed by Product Control, independent from the trading and investment functions, reporting directly to the Chief Financial Officer (CFO), a member of the Executive Board.
The valuation process is governed by separate policies and procedures. To arrive at fair values, the following type of valuation adjustments are typically considered and regularly assessed for appropriateness: model, parameter, credit and exit-risk-related adjustments.
Management believes it complies with the relevant valuation guidance and that the estimates and assumptions used in valuation of financial instruments are prudent, reasonable and consistently applied.
> Refer to “Fair valuations” (page 72) in II – Operating and financial review – Credit Suisse – Other information, to “Fair value” (page 97) in II – Operating and financial review – Critical accounting estimates and to “Note 36 – Financial instruments” (pages 358 to 385) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on fair value measurement.
11
This section covers credit risk as defined by the Basel framework. CCR, including those that are in the banking book for regulatory purposes, and all positions subject to the securitization framework are presented in separate sections.
> Refer to “Counterparty credit risk” (pages 44 to 53) for further information on the capital requirements relating to counterparty credit risk.
> Refer to “Securitization” (pages 54 to 61) for further information on the securitization framework.
The Basel framework permits banks to choose between two broad methodologies in calculating their capital requirements for credit risk: the standardized approach (SA) or the internal ratings-based (IRB) approach. Off-balance-sheet items are converted into credit exposure equivalents through the use of credit conversion factors (CCF).
The reported credit risk arises from the execution of the Group’s business strategy through the divisions and is predominantly driven by cash and balances with central banks, loans and commitments provided to corporate and institutional clients, loans to private clients including residential mortgages and lending against financial collateral.
Risk management objectives and policies for credit risk
> Refer to “Credit risk” (pages 140 to 144) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management – Risk coverage and management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for information on risk management objectives and policies for credit risk, including our credit risk profile, the setting of credit risk limits, the structure and organization of credit risk management.
Credit risk reporting
Credit risk is subject to daily monitoring and reporting, and is governed by internal policies & procedures and a framework of limits and controls. The Group’s credit risk exposure is subject to formal monthly reporting through the Group Risk Report which provides summary information in relation to the credit risk portfolio composition, rating profile, and the largest single name loans and commitments. The Group Risk Report also provides qualitative commentary on key credit risk matters and developments, and is discussed at Board of Directors Risk Committee and distributed to the Board of Directors and Executive Board members.
The amounts shown in the following tables are the US GAAP carrying values according to the regulatory scope of consolidation that are subject to the credit risk framework.
The following tables present a breakdown of exposures by geographical areas, industry and residual maturity.
CRB - Geographic concentration of gross credit exposures | |||||||||||
end of | Switzerland | Americas | Asia Pacific | EMEA | Total | ||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Loans and debt securities | 154,413 | 69,679 | 27,477 | 83,065 | 334,634 | ||||||
Off-balance sheet exposures 1 | 14,716 | 33,500 | 4,793 | 19,029 | 72,038 | ||||||
Total | 169,129 | 103,179 | 32,270 | 102,094 | 406,672 | ||||||
4Q21 (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Loans and debt securities | 222,872 | 69,927 | 39,977 | 122,844 | 455,620 | ||||||
Off-balance sheet exposures 1 | 18,444 | 41,595 | 5,696 | 27,913 | 93,648 | ||||||
Total | 241,316 | 111,522 | 45,673 | 150,757 | 549,268 | ||||||
The geographic distribution is based on the domicile of the counterparty, shown pre-substitution. | |||||||||||
1 Revocable loan commitments, which are excluded from the disclosed exposures, can attract risk-weighted assets. |
12
CRB - Industry concentration of gross credit exposures | |||||||||||
end of | Financial institutions | 1 | Commercial | Consumer | Public authorities | Total | |||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Loans and debt securities | 119,263 | 75,118 | 134,809 | 5,444 | 334,634 | ||||||
Off-balance sheet exposures 2 | 22,689 | 47,294 | 591 | 1,464 | 72,038 | ||||||
Total | 141,952 | 122,412 | 135,400 | 6,908 | 406,672 | ||||||
4Q21 (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Loans and debt securities | 228,794 | 79,468 | 142,656 | 4,702 | 455,620 | ||||||
Off-balance sheet exposures 2 | 32,794 | 57,391 | 1,701 | 1,762 | 93,648 | ||||||
Total | 261,588 | 136,859 | 144,357 | 6,464 | 549,268 | ||||||
Exposures are shown pre-substitution. | |||||||||||
1 Includes exposures to central banks of CHF 62.9 billion and CHF 155.0 billion as of the end of 4Q22 and 4Q21, respectively. | |||||||||||
2 Revocable loan commitments, which are excluded from the disclosed exposures, can attract risk-weighted assets. |
CRB - Remaining contractual maturity of gross credit exposures | |||||||||
end of | Due in 1 year or less | 1 | Due between 1 year and 5 years | Due over 5 years | Total | ||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||
Loans and debt securities | 187,869 | 92,543 | 54,222 | 334,634 | |||||
Off-balance sheet exposures 2 | 26,882 | 41,277 | 3,879 | 72,038 | |||||
Total | 214,751 | 133,820 | 58,101 | 406,672 | |||||
4Q21 (CHF million) 3 | |||||||||
Loans and debt securities | 296,892 | 99,986 | 58,742 | 455,620 | |||||
Off-balance sheet exposures 2 | 37,579 | 47,600 | 8,469 | 93,648 | |||||
Total | 334,471 | 147,586 | 67,211 | 549,268 | |||||
1 Includes positions without agreed residual contractual maturity. | |||||||||
2 Revocable loan commitments, which are excluded from the disclosed exposures, can attract risk-weighted assets. | |||||||||
3 Prior period has been revised. |
13
The following tables show the amounts of impaired exposures and related allowances and write-offs, broken down by geographical areas and industry.
CRB - Geographic concentration of allowances, impaired loans and write-offs | |||||||||||||||
end of | Allowances individually evaluated | Allowances collectively evaluated | Total allowances | Impaired loans with specific allowances | Impaired loans without specific allowances | Total impaired loans | Gross write- offs | ||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Switzerland | 481 | 320 | 801 | 1,504 | 349 | 1,853 | 118 | ||||||||
EMEA | 23 | 37 | 60 | 267 | 98 | 365 | 19 | ||||||||
Americas | 4,149 | 112 | 4,261 | 518 | 94 | 612 | 17 | ||||||||
Asia Pacific | 238 | 48 | 286 | 594 | 4 | 598 | 30 | ||||||||
Total | 4,891 | 517 | 5,408 | 2,883 | 545 | 3,428 | 184 | ||||||||
4Q21 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Switzerland | 472 | 319 | 791 | 1,090 | 300 | 1,390 | 252 | ||||||||
EMEA | 31 | 52 | 83 | 339 | 129 | 468 | 22 | ||||||||
Americas | 4,218 | 108 | 4,326 | 268 | 19 | 287 | 25 | ||||||||
Asia Pacific | 216 | 32 | 248 | 624 | 0 | 624 | 0 | ||||||||
Total | 4,937 | 511 | 5,448 | 2,321 | 448 | 2,769 | 299 |
CRB - Industry concentration of allowances, impaired loans and write-offs | |||||||||||||||
end of | Allowances individually evaluated | Allowances collectively evaluated | Total allowances | Impaired loans with specific allowances | Impaired loans without specific allowances | Total impaired loans | Gross write- offs | ||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Financial institutions | 4,104 | 34 | 4,138 | 345 | 42 | 387 | 0 | ||||||||
Commercial | 511 | 396 | 907 | 1,779 | 362 | 2,141 | 117 | ||||||||
Consumer | 273 | 86 | 359 | 748 | 141 | 889 | 67 | ||||||||
Public authorities | 3 | 1 | 4 | 11 | 0 | 11 | 0 | ||||||||
Total | 4,891 | 517 | 5,408 | 2,883 | 545 | 3,428 | 184 | ||||||||
4Q21 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Financial institutions | 4,187 | 65 | 4,252 | 42 | 44 | 86 | 0 | ||||||||
Commercial | 473 | 360 | 833 | 1,396 | 193 | 1,589 | 242 | ||||||||
Consumer | 273 | 84 | 357 | 873 | 202 | 1,075 | 57 | ||||||||
Public authorities | 4 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 19 | 0 | ||||||||
Total | 4,937 | 511 | 5,448 | 2,321 | 448 | 2,769 | 299 |
14
The following table presents a comprehensive picture of the credit quality of the Group’s on and off-balance sheet assets.
CR1 – Credit quality of assets | |||||||||||||||||
of which non-specific provisions for expected credit losses on SA exposures | |||||||||||||||||
end of | Defaulted exposures | Non- defaulted exposures | Gross exposures | Allowances/ impairments | Regulatory category – specific | Regulatory category – general | of which non- specific provisions for expected credit losses on IRB exposures | Net exposures | |||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||
Loans 1 | 8,006 | 313,811 | 321,817 | (5,242) | (26) | 0 | (434) | 316,575 | |||||||||
Debt securities | 52 | 12,765 | 12,817 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12,817 | |||||||||
Off-balance sheet exposures 2 | 671 | 71,367 | 72,038 | (144) | (3) | 0 | (95) | 71,894 | |||||||||
Total | 8,729 | 397,943 | 406,672 | (5,386) | (29) | 0 | (529) | 401,286 | |||||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||
Loans 1 | 8,097 | 428,505 | 436,602 | (5,441) | (38) | 0 | (483) | 431,161 | |||||||||
Debt securities | 20 | 11,027 | 11,047 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11,047 | |||||||||
Off-balance sheet exposures 2 | 628 | 86,913 | 87,541 | (178) | (8) | 0 | (118) | 87,363 | |||||||||
Total | 8,745 | 526,445 | 535,190 | (5,619) | (46) | 0 | (601) | 529,571 | |||||||||
1 Loans include all on-balance sheet exposures that give rise to a credit risk charge and are not limited to exposures that are recognized as net loans under US GAAP. Loans exclude debt securities, derivatives, securities financing transactions and off-balance sheet exposures. | |||||||||||||||||
2 Revocable loan commitments, which are excluded from the disclosed exposures, can attract risk-weighted assets. |
The definitions of “past due” and “impaired” are aligned between accounting and regulatory purposes. However, there are some exemptions for impaired positions related to troubled debt restructurings where the default definition is different for accounting and regulatory purposes.
> Refer to “Note 1 – Summary of significant accounting policies – Loans” (pages 269 to 271) and “Note 20 – Financial instruments measured at amortized cost and credit losses” (pages 290 to 303) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on the current expected credit losses (CECL) model under US GAAP, the classification of non-specific provisions for expected credit losses and the credit quality of loans, including past due and impaired loans.
The following table presents the changes in the Group’s defaulted loans, debt securities and off-balance sheet exposures, the flows between non-defaulted and defaulted exposure categories and reductions in the defaulted exposures due to write-offs.
CR2 – Changes in defaulted exposures | |||
2H22 | |||
CHF million | |||
Defaulted exposures at beginning of period | 8,745 | ||
Exposures that have defaulted since the last reporting period | 1,222 | ||
Returned to non-defaulted status | (226) | ||
Amounts written-off | (100) | ||
Other changes | (912) | ||
Defaulted exposures at end of period | 8,729 |
15
The following table shows the aging analysis of accounting past-due exposures.
CRB - Aging analysis of accounting past-due exposures | |||||||||||||||
Current | Past due | ||||||||||||||
end of | Up to 30 days | 31–60 days | 61–90 days | More than 90 days | Total | Total | |||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Financial institutions | 21,302 | 258 | 1 | 1 | 159 | 419 | 21,721 | ||||||||
Commercial | 83,257 | 339 | 115 | 25 | 867 | 1,346 | 84,603 | ||||||||
Consumer | 149,887 | 413 | 136 | 73 | 762 | 1,384 | 151,271 | ||||||||
Public authorities | 1,171 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 16 | 1,187 | ||||||||
Gross loans held at amortized cost | 255,617 | 1,015 | 252 | 99 | 1,799 | 3,165 | 258,782 | ||||||||
Gross loans held at fair value | 7,361 | ||||||||||||||
Gross loans | 266,143 | ||||||||||||||
4Q21 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Financial institutions | 20,815 | 61 | 7 | 1 | 41 | 110 | 20,925 | ||||||||
Commercial | 93,009 | 167 | 18 | 12 | 797 | 994 | 94,003 | ||||||||
Consumer | 165,734 | 350 | 148 | 107 | 713 | 1,318 | 167,052 | ||||||||
Public authorities | 1,253 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 35 | 1,288 | ||||||||
Gross loans held at amortized cost | 280,811 | 594 | 173 | 120 | 1,570 | 2,457 | 283,268 | ||||||||
Gross loans held at fair value | 10,243 | ||||||||||||||
Gross loans | 293,511 |
Troubled debt restructurings, also referred to as restructured loans, are considered impaired credit exposures in line with the Group’s policies and subject to individual assessment and provisioning for expected credit losses by the Group’s recovery functions. Restructured loans that defaulted again within 12 months from the last restructuring remain impaired or are impaired if they were considered non-impaired at the time of the subsequent default. As of December 31, 2022, CHF 264 million were reported as restructured loans.
> Refer to “Note 20 – Financial instruments measured at amortized cost and credit losses” (pages 290 to 303) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on restructured exposure.
Credit Suisse actively mitigates credit exposure through the use of legal netting agreements, security over supporting financial and non-financial collateral or financial guarantees and through the use of credit hedging techniques, primarily credit default swaps (CDS). The recognition of credit risk mitigation (CRM) against exposures is governed by a robust set of policies and processes that ensure enforceability and effectiveness.
Netting
> Refer to “Derivative instruments” (pages 160 to 162) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management – Risk portfolio analysis and to “Note 1 – Summary of significant accounting policies – Derivatives” (pages 267 to 268) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for information on policies and procedures for on- and off-balance sheet netting.
> Refer to “Note 28 – Offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities” (pages 313 to 316) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on the offsetting of derivatives, reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements, and securities lending and borrowing transactions.
Collateral valuation and management
The policies and processes for collateral valuation and management are driven by:
■ a legal document framework that is bilaterally agreed with our clients;
■ a collateral management risk framework enforcing transparency through self-assessment and management reporting; and
■ any prevailing regulatory terms which must be complied with.
For exposures collateralized by financial collateral (e.g. marketable securities), collateral valuations are performed on a daily basis and any requirement for additional collateral (e.g. frequency and process for margin calls) is governed by the legal documentation. The market prices used for daily collateral valuation are a combination of internal pricing sources, as well as market prices sourced from trading platforms and external service providers where appropriate.
For exposures collateralized by non-financial collateral (e.g. real estate, ships, aircraft), valuations are performed at the time of credit approval and periodically thereafter depending on the type of collateral and the loan-to-value (LTV) ratio in accordance with documented internal policies and controls. Valuations are based on a combination of internal and external reference price sources.
16
Primary types of collateral
The primary types of collateral are described below.
Collateral securing foreign exchange transactions and over-the-counter (OTC) trading activities primarily includes:
■ Cash and US Treasury instruments;
■ G-10 government securities; and
■ Other assets that are eligible as per the uncleared margin rules (including supranationals and equities).
Collateral securing loan transactions primarily includes:
■ Financial collateral pledged against loans collateralized by securities of clients of the private, corporate and institutional banking businesses (primarily cash, marketable securities and unlisted securities);
■ Real estate property for mortgages, mainly residential, but also multi-family buildings, offices and commercial properties; and
■ Other types of lending collateral, such as accounts receivable, inventory, plant and equipment.
Concentrations within risk mitigation
Credit Suisse, primarily through its Investment Bank division, is an active participant in the credit derivatives market and trades with a variety of market participants, principally commercial and investment banks. Credit derivatives are primarily used to mitigate investment grade credit exposures. Where required or practicable, these trades are cleared through central counterparties (CCP), reducing the potential risk against individual CRM providers.
As a result of a strong domestic franchise, Credit Suisse has a significant volume of residential mortgage lending in Switzerland and a resultant concentration of residential real estate collateral. Credit Suisse has clear underwriting standards with regard to mortgage lending and ensures that the composition of the real estate portfolio is subject to ongoing monitoring, periodic revaluation, and assessment of the geographical and borrower composition of the portfolio.
Credit Suisse provides loan facilities to private clients against financial collateral such as cash and marketable securities (e.g. equities, bonds, or funds). The financial collateral portfolio within risk mitigation is generally diversified and the portfolio is subject to ongoing monitoring and reporting to identify any concentrations, which may result in lower LTV ratios or other mitigating actions.
> Refer to “Credit risk” (pages 140 to 144) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management – Risk portfolio analysis in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on credit derivatives, including a breakdown by rating class.
CRM techniques – overview
The following table presents the use of CRM techniques. Credit Suisse recognizes the CRM effect of eligible collateral either as a reduction from the exposure at default (EAD) value of the secured instrument or as an adjustment to the probability of default (PD) or loss given default (LGD) associated with the exposure. All exposures that are secured through eligible collateral are disclosed as “Net exposures partially or fully secured”. Eligible collateral amounts, regardless of which CRM technique has been applied, are disclosed as “Exposures secured by collateral”. Exposures secured by credit derivatives do not include certain immaterial positions, where the credit derivative is recognized with an adjustment to the LGD.
CR3 – CRM techniques | |||||||||||||
Net exposures | Exposures secured by | ||||||||||||
end of | Unsecured | Partially or fully secured | Total | Collateral | Financial guarantees | Credit derivatives | |||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||
Loans 1 | 108,336 | 208,239 | 316,575 | 170,869 | 3,562 | 22 | |||||||
Debt securities | 12,652 | 165 | 12,817 | 152 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Total | 120,988 | 208,404 | 329,392 | 171,021 | 3,562 | 22 | |||||||
of which defaulted | 1,337 | 1,937 | 3,274 | 966 | 79 | 0 | |||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||
Loans 1 | 203,558 | 227,603 | 431,161 | 184,912 | 5,446 | 15 | |||||||
Debt securities | 9,545 | 1,502 | 11,047 | 1,460 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Total | 213,103 | 229,105 | 442,208 | 186,372 | 5,446 | 15 | |||||||
of which defaulted | 1,402 | 1,794 | 3,196 | 1,068 | 74 | 0 | |||||||
1 Loans include all on-balance sheet exposures that give rise to a credit risk charge and are not limited to exposures that are recognized as net loans under US GAAP. Loans exclude debt securities, derivatives, securities financing transactions and off-balance sheet exposures. |
17
General
Under the standardized approach, risk weights are determined according to credit ratings provided by recognized external credit assessment institutions (ECAI) or by using the applicable regulatory risk weights for unrated exposures. Credit Suisse is using credit ratings provided by Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch Ratings for calculating risk-weighted assets associated with exposures classified as sovereigns, banks and securities dealer, other institutions and corporates. Only issuer rating are applied to calculate risk-weighted assets.
Credit risk exposure and CRM effects
The following table presents the effect of CRM (comprehensive and simple approach) on the standardized approach capital requirements’ calculations. RWA density provides a synthetic metric on the riskiness of each portfolio.
CR4 – Credit risk exposure and CRM effects | |||||||||||||||||
Exposures pre-CCF and CRM | Exposures post-CCF and CRM | ||||||||||||||||
end of | On-balance sheet | Off-balance sheet | Total | On-balance sheet | Off-balance sheet | Total | RWA | RWA density | |||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||
Sovereigns | 34,756 | 21 | 34,777 | 34,756 | 0 | 34,756 | 98 | 0% | |||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | 2,127 | 730 | 2,857 | 1,943 | 374 | 2,317 | 788 | 34% | |||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | 703 | 1,796 | 2,499 | 703 | 145 | 848 | 244 | 29% | |||||||||
Corporates | 9,700 | 8,146 | 17,846 | 9,082 | 2,443 | 11,525 | 10,663 | 93% | |||||||||
Retail | 2,827 | 1,768 | 4,595 | 2,541 | 284 | 2,825 | 2,438 | 86% | |||||||||
Other exposures | 13,551 | 1,229 | 14,780 | 13,268 | 1,108 | 14,376 | 12,743 | 89% | |||||||||
of which non-counterparty related assets | 6,931 | 0 | 6,931 | 6,931 | 0 | 6,931 | 6,931 | 100% | |||||||||
Total | 63,664 | 13,690 | 77,354 | 62,293 | 4,354 | 66,647 | 26,974 | 40% | |||||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||
Sovereigns | 119,874 | 20 | 119,894 | 119,874 | 0 | 119,874 | 101 | 0% | |||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | 2,780 | 768 | 3,548 | 2,578 | 388 | 2,966 | 986 | 33% | |||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | 814 | 2,122 | 2,936 | 814 | 298 | 1,112 | 369 | 33% | |||||||||
Corporates | 12,260 | 8,783 | 21,043 | 11,444 | 2,822 | 14,266 | 12,179 | 85% | |||||||||
Retail | 2,944 | 1,933 | 4,877 | 2,654 | 410 | 3,064 | 2,736 | 89% | |||||||||
Other exposures | 15,442 | 1,443 | 16,885 | 15,172 | 1,257 | 16,429 | 14,465 | 88% | |||||||||
of which non-counterparty related assets | 7,403 | 0 | 7,403 | 7,403 | 0 | 7,403 | 7,403 | 100% | |||||||||
Total | 154,114 | 15,069 | 169,183 | 152,536 | 5,175 | 157,711 | 30,836 | 20% |
Exposures by asset class and risk weight
The following table presents the breakdown of credit exposures by asset class and risk weight, which corresponds to the riskiness attributed to the exposure according to the standardized approach.
18
CR5 – Exposures by asset class and risk weight | |||||||||||||||||||
Risk weight | |||||||||||||||||||
end of | 0% | 20% | 35% | 50% | 75% | 100% | 150% | Others | Exposures post-CCF and CRM | ||||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||||
Sovereigns | 34,611 | 49 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 32 | 25 | 0 | 34,756 | ||||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | 0 | 1,607 | 0 | 497 | 0 | 204 | 9 | 0 | 2,317 | ||||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | 363 | 0 | 0 | 483 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 848 | ||||||||||
Corporates | 0 | 956 | 25 | 1,270 | 0 | 8,166 | 1,108 | 0 | 11,525 | ||||||||||
Retail | 0 | 0 | 79 | 0 | 1,674 | 907 | 165 | 0 | 2,825 | ||||||||||
Other exposures | 1,729 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12,639 | 0 | 8 | 14,376 | ||||||||||
of which non-counterparty related assets | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6,931 | 0 | 0 | 6,931 | ||||||||||
Total | 36,703 | 2,612 | 104 | 2,289 | 1,674 | 21,948 | 1,309 | 8 | 66,647 | ||||||||||
of which secured by real estate | 0 | 0 | 104 | 0 | 40 | 742 | 0 | 0 | 886 | ||||||||||
of which past due | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 182 | 640 | 0 | 822 | ||||||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||||
Sovereigns | 119,737 | 53 | 0 | 32 | 0 | 10 | 42 | 0 | 119,874 | ||||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | 0 | 1,912 | 0 | 913 | 0 | 131 | 10 | 0 | 2,966 | ||||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | 374 | 4 | 0 | 732 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1,112 | ||||||||||
Corporates | 0 | 1,734 | 27 | 2,189 | 0 | 9,489 | 827 | 0 | 14,266 | ||||||||||
Retail | 0 | 0 | 91 | 0 | 1,716 | 936 | 321 | 0 | 3,064 | ||||||||||
Other exposures | 2,062 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14,358 | 0 | 9 | 16,429 | ||||||||||
of which non-counterparty related assets | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7,403 | 0 | 0 | 7,403 | ||||||||||
Total | 122,173 | 3,703 | 118 | 3,866 | 1,716 | 24,924 | 1,202 | 9 | 157,711 | ||||||||||
of which secured by real estate | 0 | 0 | 118 | 0 | 44 | 591 | 0 | 0 | 753 | ||||||||||
of which past due | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 254 | 465 | 0 | 719 |
Background
We have regulatory approval to use a number of internal models for calculating our Pillar 1 capital charge for credit risk (default risk). These include the advanced-internal ratings-based (A-IRB) approach for risk weights, Internal Models Method (IMM) for derivatives credit exposure, and repo VaR for SFTs. These modelled based approaches are used for the majority of credit risk exposures, with the standardized approaches used for only a relatively small proportion of credit exposures.
Regulators and investors are interested in the differences between capital requirements under modelled and standardized approaches. This is due, in part, to ongoing and future regulatory changes by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), such as the new standardized approaches for counterparty credit risk (SA-CCR) and credit risk as well as the future restrictions on the use of internal models for certain portfolios. As such, FINMA requires us to disclose information on differences between credit risk RWA computed under internal modelled approaches, and current standardized approaches. FINMA also requires us to disclose the differences between the EAD based on internal modelled approaches and the EAD used in the leverage ratio.
Key methodological differences
The differences between credit risk RWA calculated under the internal modelled approaches and the standardized approaches are driven by the risk weights applied to counterparties and the calculations used for measuring EAD.
Risk weights: Under the A-IRB approach, the maturity of a transaction, and internal estimates of the PD and downturn LGD are used as inputs to the Basel risk-weight formula for calculating RWA. In the standardized approach, risk weights are less granular and are driven by ratings provided by ECAI.
EAD calculations: Under the IMM and repo VaR methods, counterparty exposure is computed using monte-carlo simulation models or VaR models. These models allow for the recognition of netting impacts at exposure and collateral levels for each counterparty portfolio. The standardized approach is based on market values at the balance sheet date plus conservative add-ons to account for potential market movements. This approach gives very limited recognition to netting benefits and portfolio effects.
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The following table provides a summary of the key conceptual differences between the internal models approach and the current standardized approach.
Key differences between the standardized approach and the internal model approach | |||||||
Standardized approach | Internal model approach | Key impact | |||||
EAD for derivatives | SA-CCR is calculated as the replacement costs plus regulatory add-ons that take into account potential future market moves at predetermined fixed rates. | Internal Models Method (IMM) allows Monte-Carlo simulation to estimate exposure. | For large diversified derivatives portfolios, standardized EAD is higher than model EAD. | ||||
Differentiates add-ons by five exposure types and three maturity buckets only. | Application of multiplier on IMM exposure estimate. | ||||||
Limited ability to net. | Variability in holding period applied to collateralized transactions, reflecting liquidity risks. | ||||||
Risk weighting | Reliance on ECAIs: where no rating is available a 100% risk weight is applied (i.e. for most small and medium-size enterprises and funds). | Reliance on internal ratings where each counterparty/transaction receives a rating. | Model approach produces lower RWA for high-quality short-term transactions. | ||||
Crude risk weight differentiation with 4 key weights: 20%, 50%, 100%, 150% (and 0% for AAA sovereigns; 35%, 75% or 100% for mortgages; 75% or 100% for retail). | Granular risk sensitive risk weights differentiation via individual PDs and LGDs. | Standardized approach produces lower RWA for non-investment grade and long-term transactions. | |||||
No differentiation for transaction features. | LGD captures transaction quality features incl. collateralization. | Impact relevant across all asset classes. | |||||
Application of a 1.06 scaling factor. | |||||||
Risk mitigation | Limited recognition of risk mitigation. | Risk mitigation recognized via risk sensitive LGD or EAD. | Standardized approach RWA higher than model approach RWA for most collaterals. | ||||
Restricted list of eligible collateral. | Wider variety of collateral types eligible. | Impact particularly relevant for lombard lending and SFTs. | |||||
Conservative and crude regulatory haircuts. | Repo VaR allows use of VaR models to estimate exposure and collateral for SFTs. Approach permits full diversification and netting across all collateral types. | ||||||
Maturity in risk weight | No differentiation for maturity of transactions, except for interbank exposures in a coarse manner. | No internal modelling of maturity. | Model approach produces lower RWA for high-quality short-term transactions. | ||||
Regulatory RWA function considers maturity: the longer the maturity the higher the risk weight (see chart "Risk weight by maturity"). |
The following chart shows standardized risk weights, and model based (A-IRB) risk weights for loans of varying maturity. The graphs are plotted for a AA-rated corporate senior unsecured loan with a LGD of 45% (consistent with Foundation-IRB, F-IRB), and a AA-rated corporate senior secured loan with a LGD of 36%. The graphs show that standardized risk weights are not sensitive to maturity, whereas A-IRB risk weights are sensitive to maturity. In particular, under A-IRB, lower maturity loans receive lower risk weights reflecting an increased likelihood of repayment for loans with a shorter maturity.
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Key methodological differences between internally modelled EAD and EAD used in leverage ratio
The exposure measure used in the leverage ratio also differs from the exposure measure used in the internal modelled approach. The main methodological difference is that leverage ratio exposure estimates do not take into account physical or financial collateral, guarantees or other CRM techniques to reduce the credit risk. Leverage ratio exposures also do not fully reflect netting and portfolio diversification. As a result, leverage ratio exposures are typically larger than model based exposures.
The following table shows the internal model-based EAD, along with average risk weight, compared to an estimate of the exposure measure used in the leverage ratio calculation. Estimates are provided at Basel asset class level. As expected, leverage exposure measures exceed internal model-based EAD for banks and corporates where the impacts of netting, diversification and CRM are large.
Leverage exposure estimate | |||||||
Internal model approach | |||||||
EAD | Risk weight | Leverage exposures | 1 | ||||
Basel asset class (CHF billion, except where indicated) | |||||||
Corporates | 124 | 50% | 199 | ||||
Banks | 20 | 23% | 59 | ||||
Sovereigns | 39 | 5% | 35 | ||||
Retail | 174 | 16% | 171 | ||||
1 The leverage exposure estimates only consider those exposures which are comparable to the credit risk RWA calculation under internal model approach and hence excludes exposures such as trading book, securitization and non-credit exposures. Asset class leverage ratio based exposures are approximate and provided on a best efforts basis. |
It should be noted that credit risk capital requirements based on the internal model based approach are not directly comparable to capital requirements under the leverage ratio. The reason for this is that the 3% leverage ratio capital requirement can be met with total tier 1 capital, including capital for market risk and operational risk.
Risk-weighted assets under the standardized and internal model approaches
Credit risk RWA computed under the standardized approach are higher than those based on the internal models for which we have received regulatory approval. Higher risk-weights under the standardized approach rules are a material driver of the higher RWA for all Basel asset classes. The standardized exposure calculations also lead to some higher RWA, with the corporate and bank asset classes being most significantly affected.
Corporate asset class
The table “Leverage exposure estimate” shows that the EAD for corporates computed under the internal model approach is CHF 124 billion. The EAD for corporates under the standardized approach is significantly higher. This difference is driven mainly by the standardized exposure calculations for OTC derivatives and secured financing transactions. For these products, exposures calculated under the standardized approach are higher than the model based exposures because the standardized approach does not fully recognize the benefits of netting, portfolio diversification and collateral. The exposure calculated under the leverage ratio is higher than the EAD computed using internal models. This is because CRM, netting and portfolio diversification are not reflected in the leverage ratio exposure calculation.
Another significant driver of the increase in credit risk RWA under the standardized approach is higher risk weights. The exposure weighted-average risk weight under the internal model approach is 50%. This is significantly lower than the risk weights assigned to corporates under the standardized approach.
The following graph shows the risk weights assigned to counterparties under the A-IRB approach and the standardized approach. For the IRB risk weight curve, an LGD value of 45% and a maturity adjustment of 2.5 years are chosen, as these are the Basel Foundation IRB parameters. For counterparties in the AAA to BB+ range (based on external ratings), higher risk weights (20%, 50% and 100%) are assigned under the standardized approach than under the A-IRB approach. For the corporate asset class, approximately three-quarters of the Group’s exposures are in this range (based on internal ratings), and this is a key driver for the higher RWA under the standardized approach.
The Group’s exposure weighted-average maturity of its corporate portfolio is lower than the foundation IRB value of 2.5 years, and lower maturities would result in a lower model-based risk weight curve than shown in the graph. In addition, the PD for each rating shown in the graph are consistent with the Group’s PD masterscale.
An additional driver of higher risk weights within the corporate asset class are counterparties without an external rating. Under the standardized approach, counterparties without an external rating receive a fixed risk weight of 100%. This applies to a large proportion of the Group’s exposures, among them non-banking financial institutions and specialized lending.
> Refer to “CR6 – Credit exposures by portfolio and PD range” (pages 28 to 35) for further information on EAD and risk weights for each credit rating for the corporate asset class.
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Bank asset class
The table “Leverage exposure estimate” shows that the EAD for banks under the internal model approach is CHF 20 billion. The EAD for banks calculated under the standardized approach is significantly higher. This is driven by factors such as the exposure calculations for OTC derivatives and secured financing transactions. For these products, exposures calculated under the standardized approach are much higher than the model based exposures because the standardized approach does not fully recognize the benefits of netting, portfolio diversification and collateral. The exposures calculated under the leverage ratio are significantly higher than the EAD computed using internal models. This is because CRM, netting and portfolio diversification are not reflected in the leverage ratio exposure calculation.
In addition, there is a significant increase in credit risk RWA under the standardized approach due to higher credit risk-weights. The exposure weighted-average risk-weight under the internal model approach is 23%. This is significantly lower than the risk weights assigned to banks under the standardized approach where a significant amount of the Group’s exposures would attract a risk weight of 50%.
The following graph shows the risk weights assigned to counterparties under the A-IRB approach and the standardized approach. For the IRB risk weight curve, an LGD value of 45% and a maturity adjustment of 2.5 years are chosen, as these are the Basel Foundation IRB parameters. The graph shows that counterparties in the AAA to BBB+ range (based on external ratings) attract higher risk weights (20% and 50%) under the standardized approach than under the A-IRB approach. In excess of three-quarters of the Group’s exposures fall in this range (based on internal ratings) and this leads to higher RWA under the standardized approach for these counterparties.
> Refer to “CR6 – Credit exposures by portfolio and PD range” (pages 28 to 35) for further information on EAD and risk weights for each credit rating for the bank asset class.
The Group’s exposure weighted-average maturity of its bank portfolio is lower than the foundation IRB value of 2.5 years, and lower maturities would result in a lower model based risk weight curve than shown in the graph. In addition, the PD for each rating shown in the graph are consistent with the Group’s PD masterscale.
Sovereign asset class
The table “Leverage exposure estimate” shows that the EAD for sovereigns under the internal model approach is CHF 39 billion. This is comparable to the EAD calculated under the standardized approach and the leverage ratio exposure. This is because the majority of the sovereign exposure is in the form of uncollateralized loans, i.e. there are no material differences in the exposure calculation.
The impact of employing standardized credit risk weights to the sovereign portfolio is an overall increase in credit risk RWA. The exposure weighted-average risk weight under the internal model approach is less than 5%. This is lower than the risk weights assigned to counterparties under the standardized approach.
The following graph shows the risk weights assigned to counterparties under the A-IRB approach and the standardized approach. For the IRB risk weight curve, an LGD value of 45% and a maturity adjustment of 2.5 years are chosen, as these are the Basel Foundation IRB parameters. The graph shows that counterparties in the AAA to A range (based on external ratings) would attract lower risk weights (0% and 20%) under the standardized approach than under the A-IRB approach. The majority of the Group’s exposures have extremely low risk-weights under the A-IRB approach and would attract risk weights of 0% under the standardized approach. The remaining exposures would receive higher risk weights under the standardized approach (20%, 50% or 100%) than under the A-IRB approach. Overall, this would lead to higher RWA under the standardized approach.
> Refer to “CR6 – Credit exposures by portfolio and PD range” (pages 28 to 35) for further information on EAD and risk weights for each credit rating for the sovereign asset class.
The Group’s exposure weighted-average maturity of its sovereign portfolio is lower than the foundation IRB value of 2.5 years, and lower maturities would result in a lower model-based risk weight curve than shown in the following graph. In addition, the PD for each rating shown in the graph are consistent with the Group’s PD masterscale.
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Retail asset class
The EAD of the retail asset class under the internal model approach is CHF 174 billion, which is comparable to the EAD calculated under the standardized approach and the leverage ratio. This is because the majority of retail exposure is on-balance sheet exposure.
The application of the standardized approach would lead to higher credit risk RWA. The exposure weighted-average risk weight is 16% using internal model approach. This is lower than the risk weights assigned to counterparties under the standardized approach. The maturity of the loan has no impact on the modelled risk weights in the retail asset class.
The retail portfolio consists mainly of residential mortgage loans, lombard lending and other retail exposures, and further analysis for each of these portfolios is provided below:
Residential mortgages: Under the standardized approach, fixed risk weights are applied depending on the LTV, i.e. risk weight of 100% for LTV > 80%, risk weight of 75% for 80% > LTV > 67% and risk weight of 35% for LTV < 67%. The internal model-based approach however takes into account borrowers’ ability to service debt more accurately, including mortgage affordability and calibration to large amounts of historic data. The Group’s residential mortgage portfolio is focused on the Swiss market and the Group has robust review processes over borrowers’ ability to repay. This results in the Group’s residential mortgage portfolio having a low average LTV and results in an average risk weight of 17% under the A-IRB approach.
Lombard lending: For lombard lending, the average risk weight using internal models is 10%. RWA under the standardized approach would be higher for these exposures.
Other retail exposures: Other retail exposures are risk-weighted at 75% or 100% under the standardized approach. This yields higher RWA compared to the A-IRB approach where the average risk-weight is 40%.
Conclusion
Overall, the Group’s credit risk RWA would be significantly higher under the standardized approach than under the internal model based approach. For most Basel asset classes, this is due to standardized risk weights being much higher than the IRB risk weights for high quality investment grade lending, which is where the majority of the Group’s exposures are. For certain asset classes, standardized exposure calculations also lead to significantly higher RWA. This is where the standardized exposure methods give limited recognition to economic offsetting and diversification for derivatives and SFTs at a portfolio level.
The credit risk RWA computed under the internal model-based approach provide a more risk-sensitive indication of the credit risk capital requirements and are more reflective of the economic risk of the Group. The use of models produces a strong link between capital requirements and business drivers, and promotes a proactive risk culture at the origination of a transaction and strong capital consciousness within the organization. A rigorous monitoring and control framework also ensures compliance with internal as well as regulatory standards.
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General
Under the IRB approach, risk weights are determined by using internal risk parameters and applying an asset value correlation multiplier uplift where exposures are to financial institutions meeting regulatory defined criteria. We have received approval from FINMA to use, and have fully implemented, the A-IRB approach whereby we provide our own estimates for PD, LGD and EAD.
PD parameters capture the risk of a counterparty defaulting over a one-year time horizon. PD estimates are mainly derived from models tailored to the specific business of the respective obligor. The models are calibrated to the long run average of annual internal or external default rates where applicable. For portfolios with a small number of empirical defaults, low default portfolio techniques are used.
LGD parameters consider seniority, collateral, counterparty industry and in certain cases fair value markdowns. LGD estimates are mainly based on an empirical analysis of historical loss rates. To reflect time value of money, recovered amounts on defaulted obligations are discounted to the time of default and to account for potential adverse outcomes in a downturn environment, final parameters are chosen such as they reflect periods where economic downturns have been observed and/or where increased losses manifested. For portfolios with limited empirical data available conservative values are chosen based on proxy analysis and expert judgement. For much of the private, corporate and institutional banking businesses loan portfolio, the LGD is primarily dependent upon the type and amount of collateral pledged. The credit approval and collateral monitoring processes are based on LTV limits. For mortgages (residential or commercial), recovery rates are differentiated by type of property.
EAD for a non-defaulted facility is an estimate of the expected exposure upon default of the obligor. Estimates are derived based on a CCF approach using default-weighted averages of historical realized conversion factors on defaulted loans by facility type. Estimates are calibrated to capture negative operating environment effects. To comply with regulatory guidance in deriving individual observed CCF values as basis for the estimation are floored at zero, i.e. it is assumed that drawn exposure can never become lower in the run to default.
> Refer to “Credit risk” (pages 140 to 144) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management – Risk coverage and management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on PD and LGD.
Risk weights are calculated using either the PD/LGD approach or the supervisory risk weights approach for certain types of specialized lending.
Reporting related to credit risk models
> Refer to “Model validation” (pages 25 to 26), “Use of internal ratings” (page 27) and “Credit Risk Review” (page 27) for further information on the scope and main content of the reporting related to credit risk models.
Rating models
The majority of the credit rating models used in Credit Suisse are developed internally by Core Credit Models, a specialized unit within the Quantitative Analysis and Technology area in the risk organization. These models are independently validated by Model Risk Management team prior to use in the Basel III regulatory capital calculation, and thereafter on a regular basis. Credit Suisse also uses models purchased from recognized data and model providers (e.g. credit rating agencies). These models are owned by Core Credit Models and are validated internally following the same governance process as models developed internally.
All new or material changes to rating models are subject to a robust governance process. Post development and validation of a rating model or model change, the model is taken through a number of committees where model developers, validators and users of the models discuss the technical and regulatory aspects of the model. The relevant committees opine on the information provided and decide to either approve or reject the model or model change. The ultimate decision making committee is the Risk Processes & Standards Committee (RPSC). The responsible Executive Board Member for the RPSC is the Chief Risk Officer (CRO). The RPSC sub-group responsible for credit risk models is the Model Approval and Controls Committee (MACC). MACC also reviews and monitors the continued use of existing models on an annual basis.
The following table provides an overview of the main PD and LGD models used by Credit Suisse. It reflects the portfolio segmentation from a credit risk model point of view, showing the RWA, type and number of the most significant models, and the data history available for model development by portfolio. As the table follows an internal risk segmentation and captures the most significant models only, these figures do not match regulatory asset class or other A-IRB based segmentation. The figures represent values after consideration of applicable securitization hedges and do not include CCR exposures.
Some of the portfolios shown in the table sum up multiple rating models. The distinction criteria determining which model applies, differs from portfolio to portfolio. Corporates, banks and non-banking financial institutions are split by turnover and geography. For funds, the distinction criteria is the different form of funds e.g. mutual-, hedge-funds etc., whereas for income producing real estate (IPRE), it is corporate vs. private counterparties.
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CRE - Main PD and LGD models used by Credit Suisse | |||||||||||||||
PD | LGD | ||||||||||||||
Portfolio | Asset class | RWA (in CHF billion) as of 3Q22 | Data history | No. of models | Model comment | No. of models | Model comment | ||||||||
Statistical and hybrid models using e.g. industry and counterparty segmentation, collateral types and amounts, seniority and other transaction specific factors with granularity enhancements by public research and expert judgement | |||||||||||||||
Corporates | Corporates, retail | 36 | >15 years | 2 | Statistical scorecards using e.g. balance sheet, P&L data and qualitative factors | 2 | |||||||||
Banks and other financial institutions | Banks, corporates | 5 | >30 years | 5 | Statistical scorecard and constrained expert judgement using e.g. balance sheet, P&L data and qualitative factors | ||||||||||
Funds | Corporates | 5 | >10 years | 4 | Statistical scorecards using e.g. net asset value, volatility of returns and qualitative factors | ||||||||||
Statistical model using e.g. counterparty segmentation, collateral types and amounts | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgages & other wealth- management financing | Retail, corporates | 15 | >15 years | 2 | Statistical scorecard using e.g. LTV, affordability, assets and qualitative factors | 2 | |||||||||
Income producing real estate | Specialized lending, retail | 12 | >15 years | 2 | Statistical scorecards using e.g. LTV, debt service coverage and qualitative factors | ||||||||||
Commodity traders | Corporates, specialized lending | 2 | >15 years | 1 | Statistical scorecard using e.g. volume, liquidity and duration of financed commodity transactions | ||||||||||
Sovereign | Sovereign, corporates | 3 | >15 years | 1 | Statistical scorecards using e.g. GDP, financials and qualitative factors | 1 | Statistical models using e.g. industry and counterparty segmentation, seniority and other transaction specific factors | ||||||||
Ship finance | Specialized lending | 1 | >15 years | 1 | Statistical scorecard using e.g. freight rates, ship market values, operational expenses and group information | 1 | Statistical model using e.g. LTV and counterparty attributes | ||||||||
Lombard, Securities Borrowing & Lending | Retail, corporates | 9 | >15 years | 1 | Merton type model using e.g. LTV, collateral volatility and counterparty attributes | 1 | Merton type model using e.g. LTV, collateral volatility and counterparty attributes |
Model development
The techniques to develop models are carefully selected by Core Credit Models to meet industry standards in the banking industry as well as regulatory requirements. The models are developed to exhibit “through-the-cycle” characteristics, reflecting a PD in a 12 month period across the credit cycle.
All models have clearly defined model owners who have primary responsibility for development, enhancement, review, maintenance and documentation. The models have to pass statistical performance tests, where feasible, followed by usability tests by designated Credit Risk Management experts to proceed to formal approval and implementation. The development process of a new model is thoroughly documented and foresees a separate schedule for model updates.
The level of calibration of the models is based on a range of inputs, including internal and external benchmarks where available. Additionally, the calibration process ensures that the estimated calibration level accounts for variations of default rates through the economic cycle and that the underlying data contains a representative mix of economic states. Conservatism is incorporated in the model development process to compensate for any known or suspected limitations and uncertainties.
Model validation
Model validation for risk capital models is performed by the Model Risk Management function. Model governance is subject to clear and objective internal standards as outlined in the Model Risk Management policy and the Model Validation Policy. The governance framework ensures a consistent and meaningful approach for the validation of models in scope across the bank. All models whose outputs fall into the scope of the Basel internal model framework are subject to full independent validation. Externally developed models are subject to the same governance and validation standards as internal models.
The governance process requires each in scope model to be validated and approved before go-live; the same process is followed for material changes to an existing model. Existing models are subject to an ongoing governance process which requires each model to be periodically validated and the performance to be monitored annually. The validation process is a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative assessment with goals that include:
■ to confirm that the model remains conceptually sound and the model design is suitable for its intended purpose;
■ to verify that the assumptions are still valid and weaknesses and limitations are known and mitigated;
■ to determine that the model outputs are accurate compared to realized outcome;
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■ to establish whether the model is accepted by the users and used as intended with appropriate data governance;
■ to check whether a model is implemented correctly;
■ to ensure that the model is fully transparent and sufficiently documented.
To meet these goals, models are validated against a series of quantitative and qualitative criteria. Quantitative analyses may include a review of model performance (comparison of model output against realized outcome), calibration accuracy against the longest time series available, assessment of a model’s ability to rank order risk and performance against available benchmarks. Qualitative assessment typically includes a review of the appropriateness of the key model assumptions, the identification of the model limitations and their mitigation, and ensuring appropriate model use. The modeling approach is re-assessed in light of developments in the academic literature and industry practice.
Results and conclusions are presented to senior risk management and relevant committees; shortcomings and required improvements identified during validation must be remediated within an agreed deadline. The Model Risk Management function is independent of model developers and users and has the final say on the content of each validation report.
Model governance at Credit Suisse follows the “three lines of defense” principle. Model developers and owners provide the first line of defense, Model Risk Management the second line, and Internal Audit the third line of defense. Organization independence ensures that these functions are able to provide appropriate oversight. For Credit Risk models, the development and validation functions are independent up to the CRO (Executive Board level). Internal Audit has fully independent reporting into the Chair of the Board of Directors Audit Committee.
Stress testing of parameters
The potential biases in PD estimates in unusual market conditions are accounted for by the use of long run average estimates. For specific models, Credit Suisse additionally uses stress-testing when back-testing PD models. When predefined thresholds are breached during back-testing, a review of the calibration level is undertaken. For LGD/CCF calibration stress testing can be applied in defining Downturn LGD/CCF values, reflecting potentially increased losses during stressed periods.
Descriptions of the rating processes
All counterparties that Credit Suisse is exposed to are assigned an internal credit rating. The rating is assigned at the time of initial credit approval and subsequently reviewed and updated regularly. Where available, Credit Risk Management employs rating models relative to the counterparty type that incorporate qualitative and quantitative factors. Expert judgement may further be applied through a well governed model override process in the assignment of a credit rating or PD, which measures the counterparty’s risk of default over a one-year period.
Corporates (excluding corporates managed on the Swiss platform), banks and sovereigns (primarily in the investment banking businesses)
Where used, rating models are an integral part of the rating process. To ensure all relevant information is considered when rating a counterparty, experienced credit officers complement the outputs from the models with other relevant information not otherwise captured via a robust model-override framework. Other relevant information may include, but is not limited to peer analysis, industry comparisons, external ratings and research and the judgment of credit experts. This analysis emphasizes a forward looking approach, concentrating on economic trends and financial fundamentals.
For structured and asset finance deals, the approach is more quantitative. The focus is on the performance of the underlying assets, which represent the collateral of the deal. The ultimate rating is dependent upon the expected performance of the underlying assets and the level of credit enhancement of the specific transaction. Additionally, a review of the originator and/or servicer is performed. External ratings and research (rating agency and/or fixed income and equity), where available, are incorporated into the rating justification, as is any available market information (e.g., bond spreads, equity performance).
Transaction ratings are based on the analysis and evaluation of both quantitative and qualitative factors. The specific factors analyzed include seniority, industry and collateral.
Corporates managed on the Swiss platform, mortgages and other retail (primarily in the private, corporate and institutional banking businesses)
For corporates managed on the Swiss platform and mortgage lending, the PD is calculated directly by proprietary statistical rating models, which are based on internally compiled data comprising both quantitative factors (primarily LTV ratio and the borrower’s income level for mortgage lending and balance sheet information for corporates) and qualitative factors (e.g., credit histories from credit reporting bureaus, management quality). Collateral loans (margin lending), which form the largest part of “Other retail”, is also following an individual PD and LGD approach. The approach is calibrated to historical loss experience. Most of the collateral loans are loans collateralized by securities.
The internal rating grades are mapped to the Credit Suisse Internal Masterscale. The PDs assigned to each rating grade are reflected in the following table.
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CRE - Credit Suisse counterparty ratings | |||||||||||||
Ratings | PD bands (%) | 1 | Definition | S&P | Fitch | Moody's | Details | ||||||
AAA | 0.000 - 0.021 | Substantially risk free | AAA | AAA | Aaa | Extremely low risk, very high long-term stability, still solvent under extreme conditions | |||||||
AA+ AA AA- | 0.021 - 0.027 0.027 - 0.034 0.034 - 0.044 | Minimal risk | AA+ AA AA- | AA+ AA AA- | Aa1 Aa2 Aa3 | Very low risk, long-term stability, repayment sources sufficient under lasting adverse conditions, extremely high medium-term stability | |||||||
A+ A A- | 0.044 - 0.056 0.056 - 0.068 0.068 - 0.097 | Modest risk | A+ A A- | A+ A A- | A1 A2 A3 | Low risk, short- and mid-term stability, small adverse developments can be absorbed long term, short- and mid-term solvency preserved in the event of serious difficulties | |||||||
BBB+ BBB BBB- | 0.097 - 0.167 0.167 - 0.285 0.285 - 0.487 | Average risk | BBB+ BBB BBB- | BBB+ BBB BBB- | Baa1 Baa2 Baa3 | Medium to low risk, high short-term stability, adequate substance for medium-term survival, very stable short term | |||||||
BB+ BB BB- | 0.487 - 0.839 0.839 - 1.442 1.442 - 2.478 | Acceptable risk | BB+ BB BB- | BB+ BB BB- | Ba1 Ba2 Ba3 | Medium risk, only short-term stability, only capable of absorbing minor adverse developments in the medium term, stable in the short term, no increased credit risks expected within the year | |||||||
B+ B B- | 2.478 - 4.259 4.259 - 7.311 7.311 - 12.550 | High risk | B+ B B- | B+ B B- | B1 B2 B3 | Increasing risk, limited capability to absorb further unexpected negative developments | |||||||
CCC+ CCC CCC- CC | 12.550 - 21.543 21.543 - 100.00 21.543 - 100.00 21.543 - 100.00 | Very high risk | CCC+ CCC CCC- CC | CCC+ CCC CCC- CC | Caa1 Caa2 Caa3 Ca | High risk, very limited capability to absorb further unexpected negative developments | |||||||
C D1 D2 | 100 Risk of default has materialized | Imminent or actual loss | C D | C D | C | Substantial credit risk has materialized, i.e. counterparty is distressed and/or non-performing. Adequate specific provisions must be made as further adverse developments will result directly in credit losses. | |||||||
Transactions rated C are potential problem loans; those rated D1 are non-performing assets and those rated D2 are non-interest earning. | |||||||||||||
1 For Ratings AAA to CCC+, the PD bands are exclusive of the left-hand side and inclusive of the right-hand side PD band boundary. For Ratings CCC to CC, the PD bands are exclusive of the left-hand and exclusive of the right-hand side. For Rating C, the PD equals 100%. |
Use of internal ratings
Internal ratings play an essential role in the decision-making and the credit approval processes. The portfolio credit quality is set in terms of the proportion of investment and non-investment grade exposures. Investment/non-investment grade is determined by the internal rating assigned to a counterparty.
Internal counterparty ratings (and associated PDs), transaction ratings (and associated LGDs) and CCF for loan commitments are inputs to RWA and economic risk capital calculations. Model outputs are the basis for risk-adjusted-pricing or assignment of credit competency levels.
The internal ratings are also integrated into the risk management reporting infrastructure and are reviewed in senior risk management committees.
Credit Risk Review
Governance and supervisory checks within credit risk management are supplemented by the credit risk review function. The credit risk review function is independent from credit risk management with a direct functional reporting line to the Risk Committee Chair, administratively reporting to the Group CRO. Credit risk review’s primary responsibility is to provide timely and independent assessments of the Group’s credit exposures and credit risk management processes and practices. Any findings and agreed actions are reported to senior management and, as necessary, to the Risk Committee.
EAD covered by the various approaches
The following table shows the part of EAD covered by the standardized and the A-IRB approach for each of the asset classes. The F-IRB approach is currently not applied.
CRE - EAD covered by the various approaches | |||||
end of 4Q22 | Standardized approach | A-IRB approach | 1 | ||
EAD (in %) | |||||
Sovereigns | 51 | 49 | |||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | 17 | 83 | |||
Institutions - Other institutions | 62 | 38 | |||
Corporates | 10 | 90 | |||
Residential mortgages | 0 | 100 | |||
Retail | 5 | 95 | |||
Other exposures | 100 | 0 | |||
Total | 17 | 83 | |||
1 Includes EAD related to the supervisory slotting approach. |
27
Credit risk exposures by portfolio and PD range
The following table presents the main parameters used for the calculation of capital requirements for IRB models.
CR6 – Credit risk exposures by portfolio and PD range | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
end of 4Q22 | Original on-balance sheet gross exposure | Off-balance sheet exposures pre CCF | Total exposures | Average CCF | EAD post- CRM and post-CCF | 1 | Average PD | Number of obligors (thousands) | Average LGD | Average maturity (years) | RWA | 2 | RWA density | Expected loss | Provisions | ||||||||||||
Sovereigns (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 38,993 | 740 | 39,733 | 55% | 33,448 | 0.03% | < 0.1 | 4% | 1.1 | 539 | 2% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 26 | 0 | 26 | 0% | 0 | 0.22% | < 0.1 | 58% | 4.2 | 0 | 86% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 113 | 0 | 113 | 0% | 81 | 0.37% | < 0.1 | 72% | 2.0 | 80 | 100% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 31 | 0 | 31 | 0% | 9 | 0.64% | < 0.1 | 42% | 1.0 | 5 | 58% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 42 | 3 | 45 | 45% | 38 | 1.84% | < 0.1 | 40% | 3.1 | 44 | 114% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 61 | 24 | 85 | 20% | 66 | 4.29% | < 0.1 | 50% | 2.9 | 115 | 174% | 2 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 318 | 0 | 318 | 0% | 211 | 28.19% | < 0.1 | 54% | 0.2 | 632 | 299% | 32 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 295 | 0 | 295 | 0% | 113 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 58% | 1.2 | 119 | 106% | 182 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 39,879 | 767 | 40,646 | 54% | 33,966 | 0.54% | 0.1 | 5% | 1.1 | 1,534 | 5% | 217 | 182 | ||||||||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 7,692 | 1,186 | 8,878 | 59% | 9,758 | 0.06% | 1.5 | 52% | 0.6 | 1,462 | 15% | 3 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 250 | 265 | 515 | 47% | 316 | 0.22% | 0.1 | 51% | 0.7 | 139 | 44% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 424 | 193 | 617 | 45% | 395 | 0.37% | 0.1 | 51% | 1.1 | 256 | 65% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 33 | 102 | 135 | 48% | 84 | 0.64% | < 0.1 | 48% | 1.8 | 83 | 99% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 89 | 46 | 135 | 51% | 116 | 1.66% | 0.1 | 52% | 0.7 | 138 | 119% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 589 | 186 | 775 | 48% | 273 | 5.47% | 0.2 | 50% | 1.0 | 444 | 163% | 7 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 7 | 8 | 15 | 35% | 5 | 21.57% | < 0.1 | 53% | 0.4 | 14 | 285% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0% | 7 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 8 | 106% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 9,091 | 1,986 | 11,077 | 54% | 10,954 | 0.31% | 1.9 | 52% | 0.7 | 2,544 | 23% | 13 | 0 | ||||||||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 165 | 1,883 | 2,048 | 2% | 318 | 0.04% | < 0.1 | 39% | 3.5 | 61 | 19% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 34 | 8 | 42 | 14% | 35 | 0.19% | < 0.1 | 40% | 3.0 | 23 | 66% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 12 | 0 | 12 | 0% | 12 | 0.37% | < 0.1 | 58% | 2.5 | 11 | 83% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 4 | 4 | 8 | 45% | 6 | 0.72% | < 0.1 | 44% | 1.5 | 4 | 72% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0% | – | 0.00% | < 0.1 | 0% | 0.0 | 0 | 0% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 79 | 104 | 183 | 45% | 126 | 5.18% | < 0.1 | 6% | 4.2 | 33 | 26% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 0 | 49 | 49 | 45% | 22 | 19.31% | < 0.1 | 8% | 5.0 | 11 | 51% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 294 | 2,048 | 2,342 | 5% | 519 | 2.13% | 0.1 | 30% | 3.6 | 143 | 27% | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||
Corporates - Specialized lending | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 7,219 | 1,967 | 9,186 | 45% | 8,096 | 0.05% | 0.8 | 28% | 2.5 | 1,704 | 21% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 3,855 | 1,777 | 5,632 | 36% | 4,502 | 0.19% | 0.7 | 25% | 2.6 | 1,466 | 33% | 2 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 2,364 | 1,655 | 4,019 | 35% | 2,939 | 0.36% | 0.5 | 27% | 1.9 | 1,213 | 41% | 3 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 3,487 | 2,269 | 5,756 | 33% | 4,242 | 0.59% | 0.3 | 21% | 1.9 | 1,725 | 41% | 5 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 6,473 | 1,881 | 8,354 | 40% | 7,227 | 1.35% | 0.6 | 18% | 2.3 | 3,273 | 45% | 17 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 867 | 120 | 987 | 46% | 923 | 3.89% | 0.1 | 18% | 1.8 | 566 | 61% | 7 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0% | – | 0.00% | < 0.1 | 0% | 0.0 | 0 | 0% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 73 | 1 | 74 | 61% | 40 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 47% | 1.0 | 43 | 106% | 34 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 24,338 | 9,670 | 34,008 | 38% | 27,969 | 0.79% | 2.8 | 23% | 2.3 | 9,990 | 36% | 69 | 34 | ||||||||||||||
1 CRM is reflected by shifting the counterparty exposure from the underlying obligor to the protection provider. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 Reflects RWA post CCF. |
28 / 29
CR6 – Credit risk exposures by portfolio and PD range (continued) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
end of 4Q22 | Original on-balance sheet gross exposure | Off-balance sheet exposures pre CCF | Total exposures | Average CCF | EAD post- CRM and post-CCF | 1 | Average PD | Number of obligors (thousands) | Average LGD | Average maturity (years) | RWA | 2 | RWA density | Expected loss | Provisions | ||||||||||||
Corporates without specialized lending (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 13,873 | 38,961 | 52,834 | 34% | 27,581 | 0.07% | 2.8 | 42% | 2.1 | 6,161 | 22% | 8 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 6,992 | 11,754 | 18,746 | 39% | 11,063 | 0.21% | 1.3 | 47% | 2.0 | 5,198 | 47% | 11 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 4,562 | 8,137 | 12,699 | 36% | 7,166 | 0.37% | 1.5 | 42% | 2.1 | 3,818 | 53% | 11 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 2,557 | 5,428 | 7,985 | 33% | 4,086 | 0.63% | 0.8 | 36% | 2.2 | 2,450 | 60% | 9 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 8,014 | 7,987 | 16,001 | 41% | 10,794 | 1.55% | 1.7 | 40% | 2.4 | 10,359 | 96% | 69 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 7,079 | 8,274 | 15,353 | 49% | 9,888 | 5.97% | 1.7 | 35% | 3.1 | 13,018 | 132% | 199 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 805 | 318 | 1,123 | 50% | 875 | 17.59% | 0.1 | 24% | 3.1 | 1,189 | 136% | 38 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 6,083 | 754 | 6,837 | 48% | 1,782 | 100.00% | 0.3 | 61% | 1.9 | 1,843 | 103% | 4,691 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 49,965 | 81,613 | 131,578 | 37% | 73,235 | 3.81% | 10.1 | 41% | 2.3 | 44,036 | 60% | 5,036 | 4,691 | ||||||||||||||
Residential mortgages | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 31,276 | 1,396 | 32,672 | 39% | 31,821 | 0.09% | 44.2 | 14% | 2.9 | 2,264 | 7% | 4 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 33,307 | 1,596 | 34,903 | 43% | 34,000 | 0.18% | 37.7 | 15% | 3.0 | 4,396 | 13% | 9 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 35,075 | 1,579 | 36,654 | 42% | 35,745 | 0.31% | 48.2 | 14% | 3.0 | 6,913 | 19% | 16 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 4,439 | 440 | 4,879 | 44% | 4,630 | 0.59% | 5.2 | 17% | 2.7 | 1,467 | 32% | 4 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 5,143 | 636 | 5,779 | 44% | 5,421 | 1.35% | 5.0 | 16% | 2.7 | 2,475 | 46% | 12 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 936 | 46 | 982 | 61% | 964 | 4.42% | 0.6 | 16% | 2.2 | 679 | 70% | 6 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 66 | 0 | 66 | 70% | 66 | 18.19% | < 0.1 | 15% | 1.6 | 70 | 106% | 2 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 379 | 2 | 381 | 65% | 348 | 100.00% | 0.2 | 51% | 1.6 | 369 | 106% | 32 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 110,621 | 5,695 | 116,316 | 42% | 112,995 | 0.62% | 141.0 | 15% | 2.9 | 18,633 | 16% | 85 | 32 | ||||||||||||||
Qualifying revolving retail | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 461 | 0 | 461 | 0% | 461 | 1.30% | 563.3 | 50% | 1.0 | 155 | 34% | 3 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0% | – | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 0 | 106% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 461 | 0 | 461 | 0% | 461 | 1.31% | 563.3 | 50% | 1.0 | 155 | 34% | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||
Other retail | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 36,615 | 121,701 | 158,316 | 6% | 44,007 | 0.04% | 47.8 | 63% | 1.4 | 3,429 | 8% | 11 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 2,511 | 6,863 | 9,374 | 9% | 3,130 | 0.19% | 3.9 | 45% | 1.4 | 580 | 19% | 3 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 1,779 | 2,656 | 4,435 | 13% | 2,129 | 0.36% | 3.4 | 42% | 1.5 | 564 | 27% | 3 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 390 | 602 | 992 | 23% | 530 | 0.64% | 1.3 | 35% | 1.9 | 166 | 31% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 4,598 | 1,731 | 6,329 | 29% | 5,095 | 1.64% | 95.3 | 34% | 2.5 | 2,200 | 43% | 29 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 2,815 | 323 | 3,138 | 25% | 2,895 | 5.12% | 86.2 | 40% | 3.6 | 1,794 | 62% | 59 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 52 | 26 | 78 | 7% | 53 | 17.24% | 0.3 | 26% | 1.4 | 30 | 55% | 2 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 311 | 14 | 325 | 20% | 238 | 100.00% | 4.9 | 78% | 1.9 | 252 | 106% | 314 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 49,071 | 133,916 | 182,987 | 7% | 58,077 | 0.88% | 243.2 | 57% | 1.6 | 9,015 | 16% | 422 | 314 | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total (all portfolios) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 135,832 | 167,835 | 303,667 | 14% | 155,030 | 0.05% | 97.2 | 34% | 1.8 | 15,620 | 10% | 28 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 46,975 | 22,262 | 69,237 | 30% | 53,046 | 0.19% | 43.6 | 24% | 2.6 | 11,802 | 22% | 25 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 44,330 | 14,221 | 58,551 | 32% | 48,466 | 0.32% | 53.6 | 21% | 2.7 | 12,855 | 27% | 34 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 10,941 | 8,845 | 19,786 | 33% | 13,587 | 0.60% | 7.7 | 25% | 2.3 | 5,900 | 43% | 19 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 24,820 | 12,284 | 37,104 | 39% | 29,152 | 1.47% | 665.9 | 29% | 2.4 | 18,644 | 64% | 131 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 12,427 | 9,077 | 21,504 | 48% | 15,134 | 5.56% | 88.8 | 34% | 3.0 | 16,649 | 110% | 281 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 1,248 | 401 | 1,649 | 46% | 1,233 | 19.47% | 0.4 | 29% | 2.5 | 1,946 | 158% | 75 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 7,147 | 770 | 7,917 | 47% | 2,528 | 100.00% | 5.5 | 61% | 1.8 | 2,634 | 104% | 5,253 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total (all portfolios) | 283,720 | 235,695 | 519,415 | 20% | 318,176 | 1.40% | 962.6 | 30% | 2.2 | 86,050 | 27% | 5,846 | 5,254 | ||||||||||||||
Alternative treatment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exposures from free deliveries applying standardized risk weights or 100% under the alternative treatment | – | – | – | – | 3 | – | – | – | – | 3 | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||
IRB - maturity and export finance buffer | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3,639 | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||
Total (all portfolios and alternative treatment) | 283,720 | 235,695 | 519,415 | 20% | 318,179 | 1.40% | 962.6 | 30% | 2.2 | 89,692 | 27% | 5,846 | 5,254 | ||||||||||||||
1 CRM is reflected by shifting the counterparty exposure from the underlying obligor to the protection provider. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 Reflects RWA post CCF. |
30 / 31
CR6 – Credit risk exposures by portfolio and PD range (continued) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
end of 2Q22 | Original on-balance sheet gross exposure | Off-balance sheet exposures pre CCF | Total exposures | Average CCF | EAD post- CRM and post-CCF | 1 | Average PD | Number of obligors (thousands) | Average LGD | Average maturity (years) | RWA | 2 | RWA density | Expected loss | Provisions | ||||||||||||
Sovereigns (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 37,926 | 315 | 38,241 | 53% | 32,579 | 0.03% | < 0.1 | 6% | 1.1 | 518 | 2% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 27 | 0 | 27 | 0% | 0 | 0.22% | < 0.1 | 58% | 2.5 | 0 | 64% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 116 | 0 | 116 | 0% | 83 | 0.37% | < 0.1 | 56% | 2.2 | 64 | 77% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 49 | 0 | 49 | 0% | 13 | 0.64% | < 0.1 | 58% | 1.4 | 12 | 88% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 47 | 3 | 50 | 45% | 48 | 1.85% | < 0.1 | 24% | 3.5 | 34 | 71% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 245 | 59 | 304 | 20% | 204 | 5.73% | < 0.1 | 49% | 2.0 | 349 | 171% | 6 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 499 | 0 | 499 | 0% | 344 | 28.23% | < 0.1 | 54% | 1.1 | 1,037 | 301% | 53 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 357 | 0 | 357 | 0% | 129 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 56% | 1.9 | 136 | 106% | 178 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 39,266 | 377 | 39,643 | 48% | 33,400 | 0.74% | 0.1 | 7% | 1.1 | 2,150 | 6% | 238 | 178 | ||||||||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 8,399 | 1,695 | 10,094 | 61% | 11,196 | 0.06% | 1.6 | 51% | 0.7 | 1,682 | 15% | 3 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 237 | 278 | 515 | 47% | 225 | 0.22% | 0.1 | 49% | 0.6 | 86 | 38% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 521 | 207 | 728 | 49% | 472 | 0.37% | 0.1 | 51% | 0.7 | 282 | 60% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 56 | 132 | 188 | 52% | 104 | 0.64% | < 0.1 | 45% | 2.6 | 91 | 87% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 235 | 129 | 364 | 42% | 224 | 1.62% | 0.1 | 51% | 0.5 | 233 | 104% | 2 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 653 | 173 | 826 | 43% | 353 | 5.31% | 0.2 | 50% | 0.8 | 576 | 163% | 10 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 52 | 24 | 76 | 50% | 58 | 28.04% | < 0.1 | 53% | 0.7 | 188 | 321% | 9 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0% | 8 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.6 | 8 | 106% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 10,161 | 2,638 | 12,799 | 56% | 12,640 | 0.44% | 2.0 | 51% | 0.7 | 3,146 | 25% | 25 | 0 | ||||||||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 1,059 | 1,845 | 2,904 | 2% | 1,183 | 0.04% | < 0.1 | 41% | 3.4 | 261 | 22% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 68 | 9 | 77 | 33% | 71 | 0.16% | < 0.1 | 49% | 1.2 | 29 | 42% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 13 | 0 | 13 | 45% | 13 | 0.37% | < 0.1 | 58% | 2.5 | 11 | 83% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 5 | 2 | 7 | 45% | 5 | 0.72% | < 0.1 | 44% | 1.9 | 4 | 77% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0% | 1 | 1.05% | < 0.1 | 17% | 2.0 | 1 | 52% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 165 | 276 | 441 | 45% | 290 | 5.40% | < 0.1 | 7% | 4.7 | 88 | 30% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 1,311 | 2,132 | 3,443 | 7% | 1,563 | 1.05% | 0.1 | 35% | 3.5 | 394 | 25% | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||
Corporates - Specialized lending | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 8,039 | 2,540 | 10,579 | 44% | 9,155 | 0.06% | 0.8 | 28% | 2.4 | 1,972 | 22% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 4,463 | 2,407 | 6,870 | 38% | 5,367 | 0.19% | 0.7 | 28% | 2.4 | 1,998 | 37% | 3 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 2,785 | 1,457 | 4,242 | 33% | 3,267 | 0.37% | 0.4 | 29% | 1.8 | 1,425 | 44% | 4 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 3,341 | 2,591 | 5,932 | 31% | 4,156 | 0.59% | 0.3 | 22% | 1.9 | 1,698 | 41% | 5 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 7,116 | 2,173 | 9,289 | 39% | 7,965 | 1.42% | 0.6 | 19% | 2.3 | 3,937 | 49% | 21 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 1,321 | 28 | 1,349 | 15% | 1,325 | 3.88% | 0.1 | 16% | 2.4 | 691 | 52% | 9 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 45 | 0 | 45 | 45% | 45 | 14.86% | < 0.1 | 19% | 1.3 | 41 | 93% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 89 | 2 | 91 | 56% | 55 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 43% | 1.3 | 58 | 106% | 34 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 27,199 | 11,198 | 38,397 | 37% | 31,335 | 0.89% | 3.0 | 24% | 2.2 | 11,820 | 38% | 78 | 34 | ||||||||||||||
1 CRM is reflected by shifting the counterparty exposure from the underlying obligor to the protection provider. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 Reflects RWA post CCF. |
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CR6 – Credit risk exposures by portfolio and PD range (continued) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
end of 2Q22 | Original on-balance sheet gross exposure | Off-balance sheet exposures pre CCF | Total exposures | Average CCF | EAD post- CRM and post-CCF | 1 | Average PD | Number of obligors (thousands) | Average LGD | Average maturity (years) | RWA | 2 | RWA density | Expected loss | Provisions | ||||||||||||
Corporates without specialized lending (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 15,948 | 49,374 | 65,322 | 34% | 33,330 | 0.07% | 2.9 | 40% | 2.3 | 7,050 | 21% | 9 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 5,915 | 10,585 | 16,500 | 37% | 9,515 | 0.21% | 1.4 | 45% | 1.9 | 4,342 | 46% | 9 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 5,632 | 8,412 | 14,044 | 36% | 8,374 | 0.37% | 1.5 | 41% | 2.0 | 4,431 | 53% | 13 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 3,762 | 4,849 | 8,611 | 42% | 5,343 | 0.62% | 0.8 | 41% | 2.2 | 3,667 | 69% | 13 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 8,616 | 7,689 | 16,305 | 40% | 10,945 | 1.44% | 1.7 | 37% | 2.3 | 9,440 | 86% | 60 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 8,001 | 14,320 | 22,321 | 44% | 12,923 | 6.06% | 2.0 | 35% | 2.6 | 16,970 | 131% | 275 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 984 | 491 | 1,475 | 35% | 1,070 | 19.08% | 0.1 | 26% | 2.8 | 1,542 | 144% | 54 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 6,082 | 683 | 6,765 | 37% | 1,732 | 100.00% | 0.2 | 64% | 1.6 | 1,784 | 103% | 4,688 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 54,940 | 96,403 | 151,343 | 37% | 83,232 | 3.58% | 10.6 | 40% | 2.2 | 49,226 | 59% | 5,121 | 4,688 | ||||||||||||||
Residential mortgages | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 30,701 | 1,646 | 32,347 | 41% | 31,369 | 0.09% | 43.8 | 14% | 3.0 | 2,236 | 7% | 4 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 33,251 | 1,624 | 34,875 | 43% | 33,949 | 0.18% | 38.1 | 15% | 3.0 | 4,391 | 13% | 9 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 36,132 | 1,962 | 38,094 | 43% | 36,986 | 0.30% | 50.3 | 14% | 3.1 | 7,042 | 19% | 16 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 4,793 | 439 | 5,232 | 47% | 4,998 | 0.58% | 5.7 | 17% | 2.8 | 1,596 | 32% | 5 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 5,615 | 640 | 6,255 | 42% | 5,885 | 1.30% | 5.5 | 17% | 2.8 | 2,702 | 46% | 12 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 1,356 | 51 | 1,407 | 57% | 1,385 | 4.40% | 0.7 | 15% | 2.2 | 962 | 69% | 9 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 27 | 0 | 27 | 70% | 27 | 15.23% | < 0.1 | 16% | 2.4 | 44 | 166% | 1 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 462 | 3 | 465 | 73% | 430 | 100.00% | 0.2 | 55% | 1.6 | 456 | 106% | 34 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 112,337 | 6,365 | 118,702 | 43% | 115,029 | 0.70% | 144.2 | 15% | 3.0 | 19,429 | 17% | 90 | 34 | ||||||||||||||
Qualifying revolving retail | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 490 | 0 | 490 | 0% | 490 | 1.30% | 572.5 | 50% | 1.0 | 164 | 33% | 3 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0% | 0 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 0 | 106% | 0 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 490 | 0 | 490 | 0% | 490 | 1.30% | 572.6 | 50% | 1.0 | 164 | 33% | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||
Other retail | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 44,395 | 139,515 | 183,910 | 6% | 52,772 | 0.04% | 49.8 | 63% | 1.4 | 4,138 | 8% | 13 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 3,198 | 7,171 | 10,369 | 9% | 3,845 | 0.19% | 4.1 | 46% | 1.4 | 738 | 19% | 4 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 1,983 | 2,573 | 4,556 | 10% | 2,249 | 0.36% | 3.5 | 41% | 1.6 | 589 | 26% | 3 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 675 | 766 | 1,441 | 17% | 806 | 0.62% | 1.4 | 39% | 1.7 | 292 | 36% | 2 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 4,531 | 1,432 | 5,963 | 22% | 4,852 | 1.59% | 92.6 | 34% | 2.3 | 2,090 | 43% | 27 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 2,653 | 721 | 3,374 | 41% | 2,950 | 5.19% | 83.1 | 39% | 3.6 | 1,789 | 61% | 59 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 25 | 35 | 60 | 5% | 27 | 15.47% | 0.2 | 53% | 2.0 | 30 | 109% | 2 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 306 | 19 | 325 | 19% | 238 | 100.00% | 4.8 | 79% | 1.8 | 252 | 106% | 280 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total | 57,766 | 152,232 | 209,998 | 7% | 67,739 | 0.76% | 239.4 | 58% | 1.6 | 9,918 | 15% | 390 | 280 | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total (all portfolios) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 146,467 | 196,931 | 343,398 | 14% | 171,585 | 0.05% | 98.9 | 36% | 1.8 | 17,857 | 10% | 31 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 47,158 | 22,074 | 69,232 | 29% | 52,971 | 0.19% | 44.3 | 24% | 2.6 | 11,586 | 22% | 25 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 47,183 | 14,612 | 61,795 | 32% | 51,444 | 0.32% | 55.8 | 21% | 2.8 | 13,842 | 27% | 37 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 12,679 | 8,778 | 21,457 | 37% | 15,426 | 0.60% | 8.2 | 28% | 2.3 | 7,360 | 48% | 26 | – | ||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 26,650 | 12,066 | 38,716 | 38% | 30,410 | 1.43% | 673.0 | 28% | 2.4 | 18,599 | 61% | 125 | – | ||||||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 14,396 | 15,628 | 30,024 | 44% | 19,430 | 5.63% | 86.0 | 33% | 2.7 | 21,427 | 110% | 368 | – | ||||||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 1,632 | 550 | 2,182 | 33% | 1,571 | 21.17% | 0.4 | 33% | 2.3 | 2,882 | 183% | 120 | – | ||||||||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 7,304 | 706 | 8,010 | 37% | 2,591 | 100.00% | 5.3 | 63% | 1.6 | 2,695 | 104% | 5,215 | – | ||||||||||||||
Sub-total (all portfolios) | 303,469 | 271,345 | 574,814 | 20% | 345,428 | 1.42% | 971.9 | 31% | 2.2 | 96,248 | 28% | 5,947 | 5,215 | ||||||||||||||
Alternative treatment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exposures from free deliveries applying standardized risk weights or 100% under the alternative treatment | – | – | – | – | 21 | – | – | – | – | 22 | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||
IRB - maturity and export finance buffer | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 762 | – | – | – | ||||||||||||||
Total (all portfolios and alternative treatment) | 303,469 | 271,345 | 574,814 | 20% | 345,449 | 1.42% | 971.9 | 31% | 2.2 | 97,032 | 28% | 5,947 | 5,215 | ||||||||||||||
1 CRM is reflected by shifting the counterparty exposure from the underlying obligor to the protection provider. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 Reflects RWA post CCF. |
34 / 35
Credit derivatives used as CRM techniques
The following table presents the effect on RWA of credit derivatives used as CRM techniques by portfolio.
For exposures covered by recognized credit derivatives, the substitution approach is applied, which means the risk weight of the obligor is substituted with the risk weight of the protection provider. The CRM effect is reflected according to the actual post-risk mitigation asset class for pre-credit derivatives and actual RWA. The table does not include the impact of certain immaterial positions where the credit derivative was recognized with an adjustment to LGD.
CR7 – Effect on risk-weighted assets of credit derivatives used as CRM techniques | |||||||||
4Q22 | 2Q22 | ||||||||
end of | Pre-credit derivatives RWA | Actual RWA | Pre-credit derivatives RWA | Actual RWA | |||||
CHF million | |||||||||
Sovereigns - A-IRB | 1,534 | 1,534 | 2,150 | 2,150 | |||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealers - A-IRB | 2,606 | 2,544 | 3,210 | 3,146 | |||||
Institutions - Other institutions - A-IRB | 143 | 143 | 394 | 394 | |||||
Corporates - Specialized lending - A-IRB | 13,693 | 13,693 | 16,143 | 16,143 | |||||
Corporates without specialized lending - A-IRB | 44,052 | 44,039 | 49,262 | 49,248 | |||||
Residential mortgages | 18,633 | 18,633 | 19,429 | 19,429 | |||||
Qualifying revolving retail | 155 | 155 | 164 | 164 | |||||
Other retail | 9,015 | 9,015 | 9,918 | 9,918 | |||||
Maturity and export finance buffer - IRB | 3,639 | 3,639 | 762 | 762 | |||||
Total | 93,470 | 93,395 | 101,432 | 101,354 | |||||
Includes RWA related to the A-IRB approach and supervisory slotting approach. |
RWA flow statement of credit risk exposures under IRB
The following table presents the 4Q22 flow statement explaining the variations in the credit risk RWA determined under the IRB approach.
Credit Risk RWA under IRB approach decreased CHF 6.8 billion to CHF 93.4 billion compared to the end of 3Q22. The decrease was primarily driven by movement in asset size risk levels, negative foreign exchange impact and further due to improvement in book quality. These reductions are partially offset by an increase in model and parameter updates, mainly reflecting in the regulatory buffers per FINMA approval relating to commodity trade finance, retail to corporate treatment of certain exposures, IPRE portfolio buffer on corporate clients as well as global private client aviation buffer.
CR8 – Risk-weighted assets flow statements of credit risk exposures under IRB | |||
4Q22 | |||
CHF million | |||
Risk-weighted assets at beginning of period | 100,153 | ||
Asset size | (6,035) | ||
Asset quality | (661) | ||
Model and parameter updates | 1,719 | ||
Foreign exchange impact | (1,781) | ||
Risk-weighted assets at end of period | 93,395 | ||
Includes RWA related to the A-IRB approach and supervisory slotting approach. |
36
Definition of risk-weighted assets movement components related to credit risk and CCR | |||
Description | Definition | ||
Asset size | Represents changes on the portfolio size arising in the ordinary course of business (including new businesses). Asset size also includes movements arising from the application of the comprehensive approach with regard to the treatment of financial collateral | ||
Asset quality/credit quality of counterparties | Represents changes in average risk weighting across credit risk classes | ||
Model and parameter updates | Represents movements arising from internally driven or externally mandated updates to models and recalibrations of model parameters specific only to Credit Suisse | ||
Methodology and policy changes | Represents movements arising from externally mandated regulatory methodology and policy changes to accounting and exposure classification and treatment policies not specific only to Credit Suisse | ||
Acquisitions and disposals | Represents changes in book sizes due to acquisitions and disposals of entities | ||
Foreign exchange impact | Represents changes in exchange rates of the transaction currencies compared to the Swiss franc | ||
Other | Represents changes that cannot be attributed to any other category |
Model performance
The A-IRB models are subject to a comprehensive backtesting process to demonstrate that model performance can be confirmed annually during the entire lifecycle of each model. As evidenced during model development and confirmed via annual performance monitoring, typically discriminatory power of credit models is well above industry standard and calibration targets are set conservatively.
The following table provides backtesting data to validate the reliability of PD calculations. The estimated PDs are compared with the actual default rates by PD ranges within each exposure class. The estimated PDs are forward-looking average PDs at the beginning of the twelve-month period, which started at the end of December 2020. The estimated PDs are compared with the simple average of historical default rates covering a period starting at the earliest in 2001 and ending at the end of 2021.
37
CR9 - Backtesting of PD per portfolio | |||||||||||||||||||||
Number of obligors (thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Master scale from CRM S&P | Master scale from CRM Fitch | Master scale from CRM Moody | Weighted average PD | Arithmetic average PD by obligors | 1 | End of previous year | End of the year | Defaulted obligors in the year | 2 | of which: new defaulted obligors in the year | 2 | Average historical annual default rate | 2 | ||||||||
Sovereigns | |||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | AAA to BBB+ | AAA to BBB+ | Aaa to Baa1 | 0.02% | 0.04% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.03% | |||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | BBB | BBB | Baa2 | 0.22% | 0.23% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | |||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | BBB- | BBB- | Baa3 | 0.37% | 0.37% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | |||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | BB+ | BB+ | Ba1 | 0.64% | 0.64% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | |||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | BB to BB- | BB to BB- | Ba2 to Ba3 | 1.18% | 1.33% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | |||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | B+ to B- | B+ to B- | B1 to B3 | 6.45% | 6.15% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 1.09% | |||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | CCC+ to CC | CCC+ to CC | Caa1 to Ca | 28.23% | 28.23% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 1 | 0 | 13.89% | |||||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | |||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | AAA to BBB+ | AAA to BBB+ | Aaa to Baa1 | 0.06% | 0.07% | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 | 0.03% | |||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | BBB | BBB | Baa2 | 0.22% | 0.22% | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.14% | |||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | BBB- | BBB- | Baa3 | 0.37% | 0.37% | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.26% | |||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | BB+ | BB+ | Ba1 | 0.61% | 0.64% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.17% | |||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | BB to BB- | BB to BB- | Ba2 to Ba3 | 1.31% | 1.41% | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.15% | |||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | B+ to B- | B+ to B- | B1 to B3 | 5.16% | 4.95% | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.56% | |||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | CCC+ to CC | CCC+ to CC | Caa1 to Ca | 17.18% | 19.39% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 2.23% | |||||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | |||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | AAA to BBB+ | AAA to BBB+ | Aaa to Baa1 | 0.04% | 0.06% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | |||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | BBB | BBB | Baa2 | 0.20% | 0.18% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | |||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | BBB- | BBB- | Baa3 | 0.37% | 0.32% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | |||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | BB+ | BB+ | Ba1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0 | – | 0 | 0 | 0.07% | |||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | BB to BB- | BB to BB- | Ba2 to Ba3 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | |||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | B+ to B- | B+ to B- | B1 to B3 | 4.77% | 4.13% | <0.1 | <0.1 | – | – | – | |||||||||||
Corporates - Specialized lending | |||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | AAA to BBB+ | AAA to BBB+ | Aaa to Baa1 | 0.06% | 0.07% | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0.01% | |||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | BBB | BBB | Baa2 | 0.20% | 0.20% | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1 | 0 | 0.03% | |||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | BBB- | BBB- | Baa3 | 0.37% | 0.37% | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0.03% | |||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | BB+ | BB+ | Ba1 | 0.58% | 0.60% | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1 | 0 | 0.21% | |||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | BB to BB- | BB to BB- | Ba2 to Ba3 | 1.50% | 1.38% | 0.7 | 0.6 | 4 | 0 | 0.42% | |||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | B+ to B- | B+ to B- | B1 to B3 | 4.43% | 4.19% | 0.2 | 0.1 | 4 | 0 | 4.42% | |||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | CCC+ to CC | CCC+ to CC | Caa1 to Ca | 12.45% | 12.45% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0 | 0 | 19.10% | |||||||||||
1 The number of obligors used in the calculation is based on the transactional-based approach. | |||||||||||||||||||||
2 Reflects risk data where prudential portfolios are not captured. Accordingly for these columns approximations are required. Further, fast defaults are in tendency understated since capturing of fast defaults is not available for all clients in risk data. Underlying default rates are determined on client level, i.e. a client can have more than one transaction/credit. |
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CR9 - Backtesting of PD per portfolio (continued) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Number of obligors (thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Master scale from CRM S&P | Master scale from CRM Fitch | Master scale from CRM Moody | Weighted average PD | Arithmetic average PD by obligors | 1 | End of previous year | End of the year | Defaulted obligors in the year | 2 | of which: new defaulted obligors in the year | 2 | Average historical annual default rate | 2 | ||||||||
Corporates without specialized lending | |||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | AAA to BBB+ | AAA to BBB+ | Aaa to Baa1 | 0.07% | 0.07% | 2.6 | 2.7 | 0 | 0 | 0.03% | |||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | BBB | BBB | Baa2 | 0.21% | 0.20% | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1 | 0 | 0.10% | |||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | BBB- | BBB- | Baa3 | 0.37% | 0.37% | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2 | 0 | 0.11% | |||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | BB+ | BB+ | Ba1 | 0.62% | 0.65% | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1 | 0 | 0.25% | |||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | BB to BB- | BB to BB- | Ba2 to Ba3 | 1.50% | 1.44% | 2.1 | 1.8 | 9 | 0 | 0.79% | |||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | B+ to B- | B+ to B- | B1 to B3 | 5.70% | 5.43% | 1.8 | 1.6 | 25 | 1 | 2.05% | |||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | CCC+ to CC | CCC+ to CC | Caa1 to Ca | 19.34% | 18.78% | 0.1 | 0.1 | 9 | 0 | 13.71% | |||||||||||
Residential mortgages | |||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | AAA to BBB+ | AAA to BBB+ | Aaa to Baa1 | 0.09% | 0.09% | 44.0 | 43.7 | 8 | 0 | 0.02% | |||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | BBB | BBB | Baa2 | 0.18% | 0.17% | 38.4 | 38.1 | 12 | 0 | 0.04% | |||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | BBB- | BBB- | Baa3 | 0.30% | 0.30% | 52.5 | 51.1 | 33 | 0 | 0.08% | |||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | BB+ | BB+ | Ba1 | 0.59% | 0.60% | 6.4 | 6.0 | 6 | 0 | 0.15% | |||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | BB to BB- | BB to BB- | Ba2 to Ba3 | 1.23% | 1.27% | 6.5 | 6.0 | 35 | 0 | 0.31% | |||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | B+ to B- | B+ to B- | B1 to B3 | 4.17% | 4.27% | 0.7 | 0.7 | 14 | 0 | 3.89% | |||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | CCC+ to CC | CCC+ to CC | Caa1 to Ca | 17.12% | 16.30% | <0.1 | <0.1 | 2 | 0 | 18.72% | |||||||||||
Qualifying revolving retail | |||||||||||||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | BB to BB- | BB to BB- | Ba2 to Ba3 | 1.30% | 1.30% | 767.2 | 745.9 | 4,075 | 0 | 0.98% | |||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | CCC+ to CC | CCC+ to CC | Caa1 to Ca | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.0 | – | – | – | – | |||||||||||
Other retail | |||||||||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | AAA to BBB+ | AAA to BBB+ | Aaa to Baa1 | 0.04% | 0.04% | 50.8 | 50.5 | 9 | 0 | 0.04% | |||||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | BBB | BBB | Baa2 | 0.19% | 0.19% | 3.9 | 3.9 | 0 | 0 | 0.02% | |||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | BBB- | BBB- | Baa3 | 0.36% | 0.35% | 3.5 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 | 0.05% | |||||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | BB+ | BB+ | Ba1 | 0.62% | 0.67% | 1.4 | 1.3 | 7 | 0 | 0.12% | |||||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | BB to BB- | BB to BB- | Ba2 to Ba3 | 1.51% | 1.79% | 81.5 | 96.0 | 922 | 131 | 1.13% | |||||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | B+ to B- | B+ to B- | B1 to B3 | 5.19% | 5.48% | 80.7 | 81.8 | 2,636 | 202 | 3.73% | |||||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | CCC+ to CC | CCC+ to CC | Caa1 to Ca | 15.79% | 16.97% | 0.3 | 0.2 | – | 0 | 0.12% | |||||||||||
1 The number of obligors used in the calculation is based on the transactional-based approach. | |||||||||||||||||||||
2 Reflects risk data where prudential portfolios are not captured. Accordingly for these columns approximations are required. Further, fast defaults are in tendency understated since capturing of fast defaults is not available for all clients in risk data. Underlying default rates are determined on client level, i.e. a client can have more than one transaction/credit. |
40 / 41
Specialized lending
The following tables present the carrying values, exposure amounts and RWA for the Group’s specialized lending under the supervisory slotting approach.
CR10 – Specialized lending | |||||||||||||||
end of | On- balance sheet amount | Off- balance sheet amount | Risk weight | Exposure amount | 1 | RWA | Expected losses | ||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||||
Other than high-volatility commercial real estate | |||||||||||||||
Regulatory categories and remaining maturity | |||||||||||||||
Strong | Less than 2.5 years | 488 | 247 | 50% | 646 | 342 | 0 | ||||||||
Equal to or more than 2.5 years | 698 | 423 | 70% | 904 | 671 | 4 | |||||||||
Good | Less than 2.5 years | 1,346 | 333 | 70% | 1,529 | 1,134 | 6 | ||||||||
Equal to or more than 2.5 years | 532 | 220 | 90% | 641 | 612 | 5 | |||||||||
Satisfactory | 751 | 48 | 115% | 2 | 747 | 911 | 21 | ||||||||
Weak | 6 | 11 | 250% | 12 | 33 | 1 | |||||||||
Total | 3,821 | 1,282 | – | 4,479 | 3,703 | 37 | |||||||||
High-volatility commercial real estate | |||||||||||||||
Regulatory categories and remaining maturity | |||||||||||||||
Default | 0 | 2 | – | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||
Total | 0 | 2 | – | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||
2Q22 (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||||
Other than high-volatility commercial real estate | |||||||||||||||
Regulatory categories and remaining maturity | |||||||||||||||
Strong | Less than 2.5 years | 735 | 276 | 50% | 921 | 488 | 0 | ||||||||
Equal to or more than 2.5 years | 522 | 696 | 70% | 865 | 642 | 4 | |||||||||
Good | Less than 2.5 years | 1,378 | 612 | 70% | 1,715 | 1,273 | 7 | ||||||||
Equal to or more than 2.5 years | 787 | 351 | 90% | 968 | 923 | 8 | |||||||||
Satisfactory | 946 | 42 | 115% | 2 | 640 | 780 | 18 | ||||||||
Weak | 11 | 12 | 250% | 18 | 47 | 1 | |||||||||
Default | 15 | 0 | – | 15 | 0 | 7 | |||||||||
Total | 4,394 | 1,989 | – | 5,142 | 4,153 | 45 | |||||||||
High-volatility commercial real estate | |||||||||||||||
Regulatory categories and remaining maturity | |||||||||||||||
Satisfactory | 32 | 0 | 140% | 32 | 48 | 1 | |||||||||
Weak | 46 | 0 | 250% | 46 | 121 | 3 | |||||||||
Default | 0 | 2 | – | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||||||||
Total | 78 | 2 | – | 79 | 169 | 5 | |||||||||
1 Exposure amounts in connection with IPRE. | |||||||||||||||
2 For a portion of the exposure, a risk weight of 120% is applied. |
42
Equity positions in the banking book
For equity type securities in the banking book, risk weights are determined using the simple risk-weight approach, which differentiates by equity sub-asset types, such as exchange-traded and other equity exposures.
CR10 – Equity positions in the banking book under the simple risk-weight approach | |||||||||||
end of | On-balance sheet amount | Off-balance sheet amount | Risk weight | Exposure amount | RWA | ||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Exchange-traded equity exposures | 23 | 0 | 300% | 23 | 72 | ||||||
Other equity exposures | 873 | 0 | 400% | 873 | 3,703 | ||||||
Total | 896 | 0 | – | 896 | 3,775 | ||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Exchange-traded equity exposures | 437 | 0 | 300% | 437 | 1,390 | ||||||
Other equity exposures | 962 | 0 | 400% | 962 | 4,079 | ||||||
Total | 1,399 | 0 | – | 1,399 | 5,469 | ||||||
Equity investments in funds exposures of CHF 682.3 million and CHF 713.5 million as of the end of 4Q22 and 2Q22, respectively, are not included in the above table. |
43
Counterparty exposure
CCR arises from over-the-counter (OTC) and exchange-traded derivatives, as well as security financing transactions (SFTs), such as repurchase agreements, securities lending and borrowing and other similar products. CCR exposures depend on the value of underlying market factors, for example, interest rates and foreign exchange rates, which may be volatile.
Credit Suisse has received approval from FINMA to use the IMM for measuring CCR for the majority of the derivatives and the value-at-risk (VaR) model for SFTs.
> Refer to “Credit risk” (pages 140 to 144) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management – Risk coverage and management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on counterparty credit risk, including transaction rating, credit approval process and provisioning.
> Refer to “Credit risk reporting” (page 12) in Credit risk – General for information on our counterparty risk reporting.
Credit limits
All credit exposure is approved, either through approval of an individual transaction/facility (e.g., lending facilities), or under a system of credit limits (e.g., OTC derivatives). Credit exposure is monitored daily to ensure it does not exceed the approved credit limit. Credit limits are set either on a potential exposure basis or on a notional exposure basis. Moreover, these limits are ultimately governed by the Group Risk Appetite Framework. Potential exposure means the possible future value that would be lost upon default of the counterparty on a particular future date, and is taken as a high percentile of a distribution of possible exposures computed by the internal exposure models. Secondary debt inventory positions are subject to separate limits that are set at the issuer level.
> Refer to “Credit risk” (pages 140 to 144) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management – Risk coverage and management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on credit limits.
Central counterparties risk
The Basel III framework provides specific requirements for exposures the Group has to CCPs arising from OTC derivatives, exchange-traded derivative transactions and SFTs. Exposures to CCPs which are considered to be qualifying CCPs by the regulator will receive a preferential capital treatment compared to exposures to non-qualifying CCPs.
The Group can incur exposure to CCPs as either a clearing member, or clearing through another member. Qualifying CCPs are expected to be subject to best-practice risk management, and sound regulation and oversight to ensure that they reduce risk, both for their participants and for the financial system. Most CCPs are benchmarked against standards issued by the Committee on Payment and Settlement Systems and the Technical Committee of the International Organization of Securities Commissions, herein collectively referred to as “CPSS-IOSCO”.
The exposures to CCP (represented as “Central counterparties (CCP) risks”) consist of trade exposure, default fund exposure and contingent exposure based on trade replacement due to a clearing member default. Trade exposure represents the current and potential future exposure of the clearing member (or a client) to a CCP arising from the underlying transaction and the initial margin posted to the CCP. Default fund exposure represents existing and potential future additional contributions to a CCPs default fund. Credit Risk Management performs credit assessment and annual review of the risk profile of CCPs as counterparties including an assessment of qualitative and quantitative factors. As part of its assessment, Credit Risk Management conducts periodic due diligence and in conjunction with General Counsel will make a determination whether (i) the CCP is a qualifying CCP and (ii) the collateral posted is considered bankruptcy remote. The determinations are subject to Credit Risk Management guidelines and include a review of collateral bankruptcy remoteness and verification that CCP collateral positions are held in custody with entities that employ account segregation and safekeeping procedures with internal controls that fully protect these securities. The determination is made in the context of “Authorization of CCP” (European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR), Article 14) and “Third Countries” (EMIR, Article 25). This information will be appropriately reflected in the risk weightings within the capital calculations.
The Group monitors its daily exposure to the CCP as part of its ongoing limit and exposure monitoring process.
> Refer to “Risk management objectives and policies for credit risk” (page 12) in Credit risk – General for further information.
Credit valuation adjustment risk
Credit valuation adjustment (CVA) is a regulatory capital charge designed to capture the risk associated with potential mark-to-market losses associated with the deterioration in the creditworthiness of a counterparty.
Under Basel III, banks are required to calculate capital charges for CVA under either the Standardized CVA approach or the Advanced CVA approach (ACVA). The CVA rules stipulate that where banks have permission to use market risk VaR and counterparty risk IMM, they are to use the ACVA unless their regulator decides otherwise. FINMA has confirmed that the ACVA should be used for both IMM and non-IMM exposures.
The regulatory CVA capital charge applies to all counterparty exposures arising from OTC derivatives, excluding those with CCP. Exposures arising from SFTs are not required to be included in the CVA charge unless they could give rise to a material loss. FINMA has confirmed that Credit Suisse can exclude these exposures from the regulatory capital charge.
Guarantees and other risk mitigants
> Refer to “Credit risk mitigation” (pages 16 to 17) in Credit risk for further information on policies relating to guarantees and other risk mitigants.
44
Wrong-way exposure
Wrong-way risk arises when Credit Suisse enters into a financial transaction in which exposure is adversely correlated to the creditworthiness of the counterparty. In a wrong-way situation, the exposure to the counterparty increases while the counterparty’s financial condition and its ability to pay on the transaction diminishes.
Exposure adjusted risk calculation
Regulatory guidance distinguishes two types of wrong-way risk, general and specific:
■ General wrong-way risk arises when the probability of default of counterparties is positively correlated with general market risk factors.
■ Specific wrong-way risk arises when the exposure to a particular counterparty is positively correlated with the probability of default of the counterparty due to the nature of the transactions with the counterparty.
Capturing wrong-way risk requires checking if there is a legal relationship or a correlation between the trade/collateral and the counterparty.
The management of wrong-way risk is integrated within Credit Suisse’s overall credit risk assessment approach and is subject to a framework for identification and treatment of wrong-way risk, which includes multiple processes, methodologies, governance, reporting, review and escalation. A conservative treatment for the purpose of calculating exposure profiles is applied to material trades with wrong-way risk features. The wrong-way risk framework applies to OTC, SFTs, loans and centrally cleared trades.
In instances where a material wrong-way risk has been identified, limit utilization and default capital are accordingly adjusted through more conservative exposure calculations. These adjustments cover both transactions and collateral and form part of the daily credit exposure calculation process, resulting in a higher utilization of the counterparty credit limit.
Regular reporting of wrong-way risk at both the individual trade and portfolio level allows wrong-way risk to be identified and corrective actions taken by Credit Risk Management. The Front Office is responsible as a first line of defense for identifying and escalating trades that could potentially give rise to wrong-way risk. Any material wrong-way risk at portfolio or trade level would be escalated to senior Credit Risk Management executives and risk committees.
Effect of a credit rating downgrade
On a daily basis, we monitor the level of incremental collateral that would be required by derivative counterparties in the event of a Credit Suisse ratings downgrade. Collateral triggers are maintained by our collateral management department and vary by counterparty.
> Refer to “Credit ratings” (pages 113 to 114) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Liquidity and funding management – Funding management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on the effect of a one, two or three notch downgrade as of December 31, 2022.
The impact of downgrades in the Bank’s long-term debt ratings are considered in the stress assumptions used to determine the conservative funding profile of our balance sheet and would not be material to our liquidity and funding needs.
45
Analysis of counterparty credit risk exposure by approach
The following table presents a comprehensive view of the methods used to calculate CCR regulatory requirements and the main parameters used within each method.
CCR1 – Analysis of counterparty credit risk exposure by approach | |||||||||||||
end of | Re-placement cost | PFE | EEPE | Alpha used for computing regulatory EAD | EAD post-CRM | RWA | |||||||
4Q22 (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||
SA-CCR (for derivatives) | 1,638 | 1,888 | – | 1.4 | 4,937 | 1,827 | |||||||
IMM (for derivatives) | – | – | 10,151 | 1.6 | 1 | 16,228 | 4,493 | ||||||
VaR for SFTs | – | – | – | – | 17,661 | 2,963 | |||||||
Total | – | – | – | – | 38,826 | 9,283 | |||||||
2Q22 (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||
SA-CCR (for derivatives) | 3,053 | 3,540 | – | 1.4 | 9,230 | 3,496 | |||||||
IMM (for derivatives) | – | – | 13,879 | 1.6 | 1 | 22,189 | 5,982 | ||||||
Comprehensive Approach for CRM (for SFTs) | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | |||||||
VaR for SFTs | – | – | – | – | 20,882 | 3,799 | |||||||
Total | – | – | – | – | 52,302 | 13,278 | |||||||
1 Alpha factor is set equal to 1.0 in case of wrong way risk. |
CVA capital charge
The following table presents the CVA regulatory calculations by advanced and standardized approaches.
RWA decreased CHF 0.9 billion to CHF 3.3 billion compared to the end of 2Q22, mainly driven by enhanced data granularity, resulting in a more precise computation of maturity and exposure updates.
CCR2 – CVA capital charge | |||||||||
4Q22 | 2Q22 | ||||||||
end of | EAD post-CRM | RWA | EAD post-CRM | RWA | |||||
CHF million | |||||||||
Total portfolios subject to the advanced CVA capital charge | 19,182 | 3,301 | 27,967 | 4,191 | |||||
of which VaR component (including the 3 x multiplier) | – | 641 | – | 780 | |||||
of which stressed VaR component (including the 3 x multiplier) | – | 2,660 | – | 3,411 | |||||
Total subject to the CVA capital charge | 19,182 | 3,301 | 27,967 | 4,191 | |||||
EAD post-CRM is disclosed as of the end of the period (end of day), whereas the RWA is an average as of the last 12 weeks. |
46
CCR exposures by regulatory portfolio and risk weight – standardized approach
The following table presents a breakdown of CCR exposures by regulatory portfolio (type of counterparties) and by risk weight (riskiness attributed to the exposure according to the standardized approach).
CCR3 – CCR exposures by regulatory portfolio and risk weight - standardized approach | |||||||||||||||
Risk weight | |||||||||||||||
end of | 0% | 20% | 50% | 75% | 100% | 150% | Exposures post-CCF and CRM | ||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Sovereigns | 305 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 305 | ||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | 0 | 218 | 127 | 0 | 62 | 2 | 409 | ||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | 628 | 0 | 81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 709 | ||||||||
Corporates | 0 | 81 | 7 | 0 | 1,107 | 37 | 1,232 | ||||||||
Retail | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 61 | 0 | 82 | ||||||||
Other exposures | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 347 | 0 | 347 | ||||||||
Total | 933 | 299 | 215 | 21 | 1,577 | 39 | 3,084 | ||||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||
Sovereigns | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | ||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | 0 | 116 | 299 | 0 | 57 | 0 | 472 | ||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | 542 | 0 | 119 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 661 | ||||||||
Corporates | 0 | 122 | 2 | 0 | 1,530 | 22 | 1,676 | ||||||||
Retail | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 348 | 0 | 396 | ||||||||
Other exposures | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 478 | 0 | 478 | ||||||||
Total | 546 | 238 | 420 | 48 | 2,413 | 22 | 3,687 |
47
CCR exposures by portfolio and PD scale – IRB models
The following table presents all relevant parameters used for the calculation of CCR capital requirements for IRB models.
> Refer to “Rating models” (pages 24 to 25) in Credit risk – Credit risk under internal risk-based approaches for further information on key models used at the group-wide level, an explanation of how the scope of models was determined and the risk-weighted assets covered by the models shown for each of the regulatory portfolios.
CCR4 – CCR exposures by portfolio and PD scale - IRB models | |||||||||||||||
end of 4Q22 | EAD post- CRM | Average PD | Number of obligors (thousands) | Average LGD | Average maturity (years) | RWA | RWA density | ||||||||
Sovereigns (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 4,978 | 0.03% | < 0.1 | 46% | 0.5 | 289 | 6% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 0 | 0.22% | < 0.1 | 58% | 1.0 | 0 | 44% | ||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 69 | 0.37% | < 0.1 | 41% | 1.0 | 29 | 42% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 5,047 | 0.03% | < 0.1 | 46% | 0.5 | 318 | 6% | ||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 8,448 | 0.06% | 0.4 | 58% | 0.6 | 1,477 | 17% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 494 | 0.22% | 0.1 | 59% | 0.7 | 247 | 50% | ||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 61 | 0.37% | < 0.1 | 56% | 0.6 | 36 | 60% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 121 | 0.64% | < 0.1 | 60% | 0.1 | 83 | 69% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 192 | 1.84% | 0.1 | 54% | 0.2 | 232 | 121% | ||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 36 | 5.35% | < 0.1 | 53% | 0.8 | 61 | 171% | ||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 0 | 26.29% | < 0.1 | 53% | 1.0 | 0 | 289% | ||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 0 | 0.00% | < 0.1 | 0% | 0.0 | 0 | 0% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 9,352 | 0.13% | 0.7 | 58% | 0.6 | 2,136 | 23% | ||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 62 | 0.04% | < 0.1 | 18% | 1.0 | 3 | 4% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 0 | 0.24% | < 0.1 | 0% | 1.0 | 0 | 0% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 0 | 0.72% | < 0.1 | 44% | 1.0 | 0 | 65% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 62 | 0.04% | < 0.1 | 18% | 1.0 | 3 | 4% | ||||||||
Corporates - Specialized lending | |||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 0 | 0.37% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 0 | 52% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | – | 0.90% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 0 | 81% | ||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 0 | 3.34% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 0 | 131% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 0 | 0.81% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 0 | 76% |
48
CCR4 – CCR exposures by portfolio and PD scale - IRB models (continued) | |||||||||||||||
end of 4Q22 | EAD post- CRM | Average PD | Number obligors (thousands) | Average LGD | Average maturity (years) | RWA | RWA density | ||||||||
Corporates without specialized lending (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 14,758 | 0.05% | 3.9 | 48% | 0.4 | 1,689 | 11% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 2,087 | 0.22% | 0.4 | 45% | 1.0 | 725 | 35% | ||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 613 | 0.36% | 0.3 | 48% | 1.0 | 343 | 56% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 211 | 0.63% | 0.2 | 48% | 0.9 | 145 | 69% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 600 | 1.63% | 0.5 | 69% | 0.6 | 935 | 156% | ||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 283 | 5.69% | 0.3 | 63% | 0.9 | 893 | 316% | ||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 2 | 28.23% | < 0.1 | 90% | 1.0 | 14 | 892% | ||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 4 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 46% | 1.0 | 4 | 106% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 18,558 | 0.25% | 5.5 | 48% | 0.5 | 4,748 | 26% | ||||||||
Other retail | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 2,437 | 0.04% | 4.8 | 62% | 1.0 | 186 | 8% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 162 | 0.19% | 0.4 | 47% | 1.0 | 32 | 20% | ||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 49 | 0.36% | 0.2 | 48% | 1.0 | 15 | 30% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 4 | 0.63% | < 0.1 | 32% | 1.0 | 1 | 28% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 68 | 1.36% | 0.1 | 32% | 1.0 | 24 | 35% | ||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 4 | 4.04% | < 0.1 | 23% | 1.0 | 1 | 35% | ||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 1 | 16.66% | < 0.1 | 28% | 1.0 | 0 | 56% | ||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 0 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 53% | 1.0 | 0 | 100% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 2,725 | 0.10% | 5.5 | 60% | 1.0 | 259 | 10% | ||||||||
Total (all portfolios) | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 30,683 | 0.05% | 9.2 | 51% | 0.5 | 3,644 | 12% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 2,743 | 0.22% | 0.9 | 47% | 0.9 | 1,003 | 37% | ||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 793 | 0.37% | 0.5 | 48% | 1.0 | 424 | 53% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 336 | 0.63% | 0.2 | 52% | 0.6 | 229 | 68% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 859 | 1.66% | 0.6 | 63% | 0.5 | 1,191 | 139% | ||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 322 | 5.63% | 0.3 | 61% | 0.9 | 955 | 297% | ||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 2 | 24.87% | < 0.1 | 71% | 1.0 | 15 | 624% | ||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 4 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 46% | 1.0 | 4 | 106% | ||||||||
Total (all portfolios) | 35,742 | 0.18% | 11.8 | 51% | 0.6 | 7,465 | 21% |
49
CCR4 – CCR exposures by portfolio and PD scale - IRB models | |||||||||||||||
end of 2Q22 | EAD post- CRM | Average PD | Number of obligors (thousands) | Average LGD | Average maturity (years) | RWA | RWA density | ||||||||
Sovereigns (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 6,150 | 0.03% | < 0.1 | 49% | 0.4 | 373 | 6% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 0 | 0.22% | < 0.1 | 58% | 1.0 | 0 | 44% | ||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 84 | 0.37% | < 0.1 | 41% | 1.0 | 36 | 42% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 0 | 1.10% | < 0.1 | 53% | 1.0 | 0 | 95% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 6,234 | 0.03% | < 0.1 | 49% | 0.4 | 409 | 7% | ||||||||
Institutions - Banks and securities dealer | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 10,666 | 0.06% | 0.5 | 58% | 0.7 | 1,989 | 19% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 444 | 0.22% | < 0.1 | 57% | 0.7 | 202 | 46% | ||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 176 | 0.37% | < 0.1 | 59% | 0.8 | 129 | 73% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 61 | 0.64% | < 0.1 | 50% | 0.4 | 38 | 63% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 172 | 1.83% | < 0.1 | 54% | 0.2 | 213 | 124% | ||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 40 | 5.73% | < 0.1 | 55% | 0.9 | 74 | 183% | ||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 1 | 27.63% | < 0.1 | 53% | 1.0 | 4 | 295% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 11,560 | 0.12% | 0.8 | 58% | 0.7 | 2,649 | 23% | ||||||||
Institutions - Other institutions | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 65 | 0.04% | < 0.1 | 16% | 1.0 | 3 | 4% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 0 | 0.24% | < 0.1 | 0% | 1.0 | 0 | 0% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 0 | 0.72% | < 0.1 | 44% | 1.0 | 0 | 65% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 65 | 0.04% | < 0.1 | 16% | 1.0 | 3 | 4% | ||||||||
Corporates - Specialized lending | |||||||||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 0 | 0.37% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 0 | 52% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 0 | 0.58% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 0 | 66% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 0 | 1.72% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 0 | 99% | ||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 0 | 3.37% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 1 | 135% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 0 | 2.49% | < 0.1 | 50% | 1.0 | 1 | 112% |
50
CCR4 – CCR exposures by portfolio and PD scale - IRB models (continued) | |||||||||||||||
end of 2Q22 | EAD post- CRM | Average PD | Number of obligors (thousands) | Average LGD | Average maturity (years) | RWA | RWA density | ||||||||
Corporates without specialized lending (CHF million, except where indicated) | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 21,452 | 0.05% | 5.7 | 47% | 0.5 | 2,533 | 12% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 2,360 | 0.22% | 0.5 | 50% | 0.7 | 888 | 38% | ||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 926 | 0.37% | 0.6 | 51% | 1.0 | 552 | 60% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 243 | 0.63% | 0.2 | 55% | 0.8 | 195 | 80% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 944 | 1.57% | 0.6 | 70% | 0.6 | 1,501 | 159% | ||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 459 | 5.72% | 0.4 | 63% | 0.8 | 1,369 | 298% | ||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 1 | 16.44% | < 0.1 | 32% | 1.0 | 1 | 159% | ||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 6 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 62% | 1.0 | 7 | 106% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 26,391 | 0.26% | 7.9 | 49% | 0.6 | 7,046 | 27% | ||||||||
Other retail | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 3,851 | 0.04% | 5.8 | 63% | 1.0 | 281 | 7% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 279 | 0.20% | 0.5 | 53% | 1.0 | 63 | 23% | ||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 125 | 0.36% | 0.2 | 42% | 1.0 | 34 | 27% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 48 | 0.58% | < 0.1 | 62% | 1.0 | 25 | 52% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 39 | 1.26% | < 0.1 | 30% | 1.0 | 14 | 36% | ||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 6 | 5.53% | < 0.1 | 48% | 1.0 | 4 | 75% | ||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 0 | 19.08% | < 0.1 | 63% | 1.0 | 1 | 145% | ||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 0 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 53% | 1.0 | 0 | 106% | ||||||||
Sub-total | 4,348 | 0.08% | 6.6 | 62% | 1.0 | 422 | 10% | ||||||||
Total (all portfolios) | |||||||||||||||
0.00% to <0.15% | 42,184 | 0.05% | 12.0 | 51% | 0.6 | 5,179 | 12% | ||||||||
0.15% to <0.25% | 3,083 | 0.21% | 1.0 | 51% | 0.7 | 1,153 | 37% | ||||||||
0.25% to <0.50% | 1,311 | 0.37% | 0.9 | 51% | 0.9 | 751 | 57% | ||||||||
0.50% to <0.75% | 353 | 0.62% | 0.3 | 55% | 0.8 | 259 | 73% | ||||||||
0.75% to <2.50% | 1,155 | 1.59% | 0.8 | 67% | 0.6 | 1,728 | 150% | ||||||||
2.50% to <10.00% | 505 | 5.72% | 0.5 | 62% | 0.8 | 1,447 | 286% | ||||||||
10.00% to <100.00% | 2 | 22.66% | < 0.1 | 48% | 1.0 | 5 | 227% | ||||||||
100.00% (Default) | 6 | 100.00% | < 0.1 | 62% | 1.0 | 7 | 106% | ||||||||
Total (all portfolios) | 48,599 | 0.18% | 15.4 | 52% | 0.6 | 10,529 | 22% |
51
Composition of collateral for CCR exposure
The following table presents a breakdown of all types of collateral posted or received by banks to support or reduce CCR exposures related to derivative transactions or SFTs, including transactions cleared through central counterparties (CCPs). For disclosure purposes, the collateral values are presented as the market value of the collateral without any adjustments for haircuts.
CCR5 – Composition of collateral for CCR exposure | |||||||||||||||||
Collateral used in derivative transactions | Collateral used in SFTs | ||||||||||||||||
Fair value of collateral received | Fair value of posted collateral | Fair value of collateral received | Fair value of posted collateral | ||||||||||||||
end of | Segregated | Un- segregated | Total | Segregated | Un- segregated | Total | |||||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||
Cash - domestic currency | 0 | 3,086 | 3,086 | 0 | 1,902 | 1,902 | 12 | 3,956 | |||||||||
Cash - other currencies | 0 | 17,485 | 17,485 | 141 | 22,226 | 22,367 | 33,821 | 68,443 | |||||||||
Domestic sovereign debt | 0 | 129 | 129 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,797 | 54 | |||||||||
Other sovereign debt | 3,034 | 6,424 | 9,458 | 9,812 | 3,120 | 12,932 | 78,636 | 40,541 | |||||||||
Government agency debt | 10 | 19 | 29 | 0 | 7 | 7 | 700 | 2,160 | |||||||||
Corporate bonds | 432 | 9,142 | 9,574 | 8 | 311 | 319 | 21,118 | 12,553 | |||||||||
Equity securities | 349 | 12,074 | 12,423 | 1,072 | 628 | 1,700 | 6,522 | 1 | 12,006 | 1 | |||||||
Other collateral | 0 | 4,538 | 4,538 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 22,233 | 13,559 | |||||||||
Total | 3,825 | 52,897 | 56,722 | 11,033 | 28,196 | 39,229 | 164,839 | 153,272 | |||||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) 2 | |||||||||||||||||
Cash - domestic currency | 0 | 6,364 | 6,364 | 0 | 1,764 | 1,764 | 62 | 6,729 | |||||||||
Cash - other currencies | 104 | 34,649 | 34,753 | 551 | 34,838 | 35,389 | 41,929 | 113,413 | |||||||||
Domestic sovereign debt | 0 | 93 | 93 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,444 | 85 | |||||||||
Other sovereign debt | 4,332 | 8,112 | 12,444 | 12,384 | 3,267 | 15,651 | 127,057 | 51,777 | |||||||||
Government agency debt | 8 | 24 | 32 | 0 | 15 | 15 | 1,366 | 2,723 | |||||||||
Corporate bonds | 114 | 9,815 | 9,929 | 0 | 418 | 418 | 32,303 | 19,328 | |||||||||
Equity securities | 128 | 14,796 | 14,924 | 2,255 | 689 | 2,944 | 15,999 | 1 | 21,384 | 1 | |||||||
Other collateral | 3 | 4,635 | 4,638 | 0 | 18 | 18 | 32,297 | 11,103 | |||||||||
Total | 4,689 | 78,488 | 83,177 | 15,190 | 41,009 | 56,199 | 252,457 | 226,542 | |||||||||
1 The equity prime brokerage business consists of clients acquiring long and short positions in the market in a Credit Suisse account along with the appropriate margins. In the case of a counterparty default, Credit Suisse gains control over the long positions and are free to sell them to cover the exposure and the long positions are thus considered as "collateral received". On the other hand, the short positions are considered as "trades" and are not reported in the disclosure as "posted collateral". | |||||||||||||||||
2 Reflects an update of the dataset, primarily related to the derivative collateral balances for both segregated and unsegregated balances. Prior period has been revised. |
52
Credit derivatives exposures
We enter into derivative contracts in the normal course of business for market making, positioning and arbitrage purposes, as well as for our own risk management needs, including mitigation of interest rate, foreign currency and credit risk. Derivative exposure also includes economic hedges where the Group enters into derivative contracts for its own risk management purposes, but where the contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting under US GAAP. Derivative exposures are calculated according to regulatory methods, using either the current exposures method or approved IMM. These regulatory methods take into account potential future movements and as a result generate risk exposures that are greater than the net replacement values disclosed for US GAAP.
As of the end of 4Q22, no credit derivatives were utilized that qualify for hedge accounting under US GAAP.
> Refer to “Derivative instruments” (pages 160 to 162) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management – Risk portfolio analysis in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on derivative instruments, including counterparties and their creditworthiness.
> Refer to “Note 33 – Derivatives and hedging activities” (pages 338 to 344) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on the fair value of derivative instruments and the distribution of current credit exposures by types of credit exposures.
> Refer to “Note 28 – Offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities” (pages 313 to 316) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on netting benefits, netted current credit exposures, collateral held and net derivatives credit exposure.
The following table presents the extent of the Group’s exposures to credit derivative transactions as protection bought or sold.
CCR6 – Credit derivatives exposures | |||||||||
4Q22 | 2Q22 | ||||||||
end of | Protection bought | Protection sold | Protection bought | Protection sold | |||||
Notionals (CHF billion) | |||||||||
Single-name CDS | 84.9 | 76.0 | 89.6 | 80.6 | |||||
Index CDS | 90.2 | 83.2 | 113.2 | 100.2 | |||||
Total return swaps | 4.5 | 1.4 | 7.2 | 4.9 | |||||
Other credit derivatives | 9.0 | 2.9 | 22.4 | 17.4 | |||||
of which credit default swaptions | 7.3 | 1.2 | 20.0 | 11.5 | |||||
of which other credit instruments | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 5.9 | |||||
Total notionals | 188.6 | 163.5 | 232.4 | 203.1 | |||||
Fair values (CHF billion) | |||||||||
Positive fair value (asset) | 2.5 | 0.7 | 2.7 | 0.7 | |||||
Negative fair value (liability) | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 2.4 | |||||
Includes the client leg of cleared credit derivatives. |
RWA flow statements of CCR exposures under IMM
The following table presents the 4Q22 flow statement explaining changes in CCR RWA determined under the IMM for CCR (derivatives and SFTs).
CCR7 – Risk-weighted assets flow statements of CCR exposures under IMM | |||
4Q22 | |||
CHF million | |||
Risk-weighted assets at beginning of period | 9,203 | ||
Asset size | (1,415) | ||
Credit quality of counterparties | 66 | ||
Model and parameter updates | 4 | ||
Foreign exchange impact | (340) | ||
Risk-weighted assets at end of period | 7,518 |
> Refer to “RWA flow statement of credit risk exposures under IRB” (page 37) in Credit risk for definitions of the RWA flow statements components.
The CCR RWA under IMM decreased CHF 1.7 billion to CHF 7.5 billion compared to the end of 3Q22, primarily driven by decrease in asset size risk levels attributable to expiry of trades and exposures reductions across over-the-counter derivatives and securities financing business. Further reduction is created by negative foreign exchange impact mainly due to US dollar depreciating 6% over the quarter against the Swiss franc.
Exposures to central counterparties
The following table presents a comprehensive picture of the Group’s exposure to CCPs.
CCR8 – Exposures to central counterparties | |||||||||
4Q22 | 2Q22 | ||||||||
end of | EAD (post-CRM) | RWA | EAD (post-CRM) | RWA | |||||
CHF million | |||||||||
QCCPs | |||||||||
Exposures for trades at QCCPs | 12,278 | 267 | 15,787 | 334 | |||||
of which OTC derivatives | 7,306 | 168 | 8,627 | 191 | |||||
of which exchange-traded derivatives | 3,917 | 78 | 5,956 | 119 | |||||
of which SFTs | 1,055 | 21 | 1,204 | 24 | |||||
Segregated initial margin | 4,549 | – | 5,532 | – | |||||
Pre-funded default fund contributions | 2,422 | 593 | 3,024 | 856 | |||||
Total exposures to QCCPs | – | 860 | – | 1,190 | |||||
Non-QCCPs | |||||||||
Pre-funded default fund contributions | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Total exposures to non-QCCPs | – | 4 | – | 0 |
53
The following disclosures, which also considers the “Industry good practice guidelines on Pillar 3 disclosure requirements for securitization”, refer to traditional and synthetic securitizations held in the banking and trading book and regulatory capital on these exposures calculated according to the Basel framework for securitizations.
> Refer to “Note 35 – Transfers of financial assets and variable interest entities” (pages 348 to 357) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on securitization, the various roles, the use of SPEs, the involvement of the Group in consolidated and non-consolidated SPEs, the accounting policies for securitization activities and methods and key assumptions applied in valuing positions retained/purchased and gains/losses relating to RMBS and CMBS securitization activity in 2022.
A traditional securitization is a structure where an underlying pool of assets is sold to an SPE which pays for the assets by issuing tranched securities collateralized by the underlying asset pool. A synthetic securitization is a tranched structure where the credit risk of an underlying pool of assets is transferred, in whole or in part, through the use of credit derivatives or guarantees that may serve to hedge the credit risk of the portfolio. Many synthetic securitizations are not accounted for as securitizations under US GAAP. In both traditional and synthetic securitizations, risk is dependent on the seniority of the retained interest and the performance of the underlying asset pool.
Roles and activities in connection with securitization
Securitization in the banking book
The Group is active in various roles in connection with securitization, including originator, investor and sponsor. As originator, the Group creates or purchases financial assets (e.g., commercial mortgages or corporate loans) and then securitizes them in a traditional or synthetic transaction that achieves significant risk transfer to third party investors. The Group acts as liquidity provider to Alpine Securitization Ltd. (Alpine), a multi-seller commercial paper conduit administered by Credit Suisse and also provides liquidity to three Asset Backed Commercial Paper programs managed by third party administrators.
In addition, the Group invests in securitization-related products created by third parties.
The Group has both securitization and re-securitization transactions in the trading and banking book referencing different types of underlying assets including real estate loans (commercial and residential).
Securitization in the trading book
Within its mortgage business there are four key roles that the Group undertakes within securitization markets: issuer, underwriter, market maker and financing counterparty. The Group holds one of the top trading franchises in market making in all major securitized product types and is a top issuer and underwriter in the re-securitization market in the US as well as being one of the top underwriters in asset-backed securities (ABS) and residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) securitization in the US. Since the last quarter of 2019, the Group has not held eligible correlation trading positions.
The Group’s key objective in relation to trading book securitization is to meet clients’ investment and divestment needs by making markets in securitized products across all major collateral types, including residential mortgages, commercial mortgages, asset finance (i.e. auto loans, credit card receivables, etc.) and corporate loans. The Group focuses on opportunities to intermediate transfers of risk between sellers and buyers.
The Group is also active in new issue securitization and re-securitization. The Group’s Securitized Products Finance team provides short-term secured warehouse financing to clients who originate credit card, auto loan, and other receivables, and the Group sells asset-backed securities collateralized by these receivables to provide its clients long-term financing that matches the lives of their assets.
At times, the Group purchases loans and bonds for the purpose of securitization and sells these assets to SPEs which in turn issue new securities. Re-securitizations of previously issued mortgage-backed securities (typically RMBS) securities occur when certificates issued out of an existing securitization vehicle are sold into a newly created and separate securitization vehicle.
Risks assumed and retained
Key risks retained while securities or loans remain in inventory are related to the performance of the underlying assets (residential real estate loans, commercial loans, credit card loans, etc.) and to movements in spreads. These risks are summarized in the securitization pool level attributes: PD of underlying loans (default rate), the severity of loss and prepayment speeds. The transactions may also be exposed to general market risk, credit spread and counterparty credit risk.
The Group maintains models for both government-guaranteed and private label mortgage products. These models project the above risk drivers based on market interest rates and volatility as well as macro-economic variables such as housing price index, projected GDP and inflation, unemployment etc.
In its role as a market maker, the Group actively trades in and out of positions. Both Front Office and Risk Management continuously monitor liquidity risk as reflected in trading spreads and trading volumes. To address liquidity concerns a specific set of limits on the size of aged positions are in place for the securitized positions we hold.
The Group classifies securities within the transactions by the nature of the collateral (residential, commercial, ABS, collateralized loan obligations, etc.) and the seniority each security has in the capital structure (i.e. senior, mezzanine, subordinate etc.), which in turn will be reflected in the transaction risk assessment.
54
Risk Management monitors portfolio composition by capital structure and collateral type on a daily basis with subordinate exposure and each collateral type subject to separate risk limits and risk flags. In addition, the Group’s internal risk methodology is designed such that risk charges are based on the place the particular security holds in the capital structure, the less senior the bond the higher the risk charges.
For re-securitization risk, the Group’s risk management models take a ‘look through’ approach where they model the behavior of the underlying securities or constituent counterparties based on their own particular collateral and then transmit that to the re-securitized position. No additional risk factors are considered within the re-securitization portfolios in addition to those identified and measured within securitization risk.
With respect to both the wind-down corporate correlation trading portfolio and the on-going transactions the key risks that need to be managed includes default risk, counterparty credit risk, correlation risk and cross effects between spread and correlation. The impacts of liquidity risk for securitization products is embedded within the firm’s historical simulation model through the incorporation of market data from stressed periods, and in the scenario framework through the calibration of price shocks to the same period.
Both correlation and first-to-default are valued using a correlation model which uses the market implied correlation and detailed market data such as constituent spread term structure and constituent recovery. The risks embedded in securitization and re-securitizations are similar and include spread risk, recovery risk, default risk and correlation risk. The risks for different seniority of tranches will be reflected in the tranche price sensitivities to each constituent in the pools. The complexity of the correlation portfolio’s risk lies in the level of convexity and cross risk inherent, for example, the risks to large spread moves and the risks to spread and correlation moving together. The risk limit framework is carefully designed to address the key risks for the correlation trading portfolio.
Monitoring of changes in credit and market risk of securitization exposures
The Group has in place a comprehensive risk management process whereby the Front Office and Risk Management work together to monitor positions and position changes, portfolio structure and trading activity and calculate a set of risk measures on a daily basis using risk sensitivities and exposures.
For the mortgage business the Group also uses monthly remittance reports (available from public sources) to get up to date information on collateral performance (delinquencies, defaults, pre-payment etc.). Monthly or quarterly reports (sourced directly from the originator or sponsor of the securitization) are used to monitor performance of most banking book securitizations.
Risk Management has also put in place a set of key risk limits for the purpose of managing the Group’s risk appetite framework in relation to securitizations/re-securitizations. These limits will cover exposure measures, risk sensitivities, VaR and capital measures with the majority monitored on a daily basis. In addition within the Group’s risk management framework an extensive scenario analysis framework is in place whereby all underlying risk factors are stressed to determine portfolio sensitivity.
Re-securitized products in the mortgage business go through the same risk management process but looking through the structures with the focus on the risk of the underlying securities or constituent names.
Retained banking book exposures for mortgage, ABS, commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) and collateralized debt obligation transactions are risk managed on the same basis as similar trading book transactions.
Risk mitigation
In addition to the strict exposure limits noted above, the Group uses a number of different risk mitigation approaches to manage risk appetite for securitization and re-securitization exposures. Where true counterparty credit risk exposure is identified for a particular transaction, there is a requirement for it to be approved through normal credit risk management processes with collateral taken as required. The Group also may use various proxies including corporate single name and index hedges and equity hedges to mitigate the price and spread risks to which it is exposed. Hedging decisions are made by the trading desk based on current market conditions and will be made in consultation with Risk Management. Trades that are unusual and material trades are required to be reviewed and approved under the Group’s Pre-Trade Approval governance process. International investment banks are the main counterparties to the hedges that are used across these business areas.
Affiliated entities
In the normal course of business it is possible for the Group’s managed separate account portfolios and the Group’s controlled investment entities, such as mutual funds, fund of funds, private equity funds and other fund linked products to invest in the securities issued by other vehicles sponsored by the Group engaged in securitization and re-securitization activities. To address potential conflicts, standards governing investments in affiliated products and funds have been adopted.
55
Regulatory capital treatment of securitization structures
Banking book securitization
For banking book securitizations, the regulatory capital requirements are calculated since January 2018 with the following approaches: the Securitization Internal Ratings-Based Approach (SEC-IRBA), the Securitization External Ratings-Based Approach (SEC-ERBA), or the Securitization Standardized Approach (SEC-SA). External ratings used in regulatory capital calculations for securitization risk exposures in the banking book are obtained from Fitch, Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s or Dominion Bond Rating Service.
Trading book securitization
We use the standardized measurement method (SMM) which is based on the ratings-based approach and the supervisory formula approach for securitization purposes and other supervisory approaches for trading book securitization positions covering the approach for nth-to-default products and portfolios covered by the weighted average risk weight approach.
Securitization exposures presented in the following table represent the EAD.
SEC1 – Securitization exposures in the banking book | |||||||||||||||||||
Bank acts as originator | Bank acts as sponsor | Bank acts as investor | |||||||||||||||||
end of | Traditional | Synthetic | Total | Traditional | Synthetic | Total | Traditional | Synthetic | Total | ||||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgages | 10 | 440 | 450 | 564 | 0 | 564 | 2,000 | 0 | 2,000 | ||||||||||
Credit cards | 0 | 0 | 0 | 696 | 0 | 696 | 407 | 0 | 407 | ||||||||||
Other retail exposures | 396 | 66 | 462 | 3,294 | 0 | 3,294 | 3,027 | 0 | 3,027 | ||||||||||
Re-securitization | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 141 | 0 | 141 | ||||||||||
Total retail | 406 | 506 | 912 | 4,554 | 0 | 4,554 | 5,575 | 0 | 5,575 | ||||||||||
Loans to corporates | 0 | 29,889 | 29,889 | 956 | 0 | 956 | 3,436 | 0 | 3,436 | ||||||||||
Commercial mortgages | 2 | 10,258 | 10,260 | 226 | 0 | 226 | 792 | 0 | 792 | ||||||||||
Lease and receivables | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,123 | 0 | 1,123 | 4,470 | 0 | 4,470 | ||||||||||
Other wholesale | 699 | 110 | 809 | 1,114 | 0 | 1,114 | 926 | 0 | 926 | ||||||||||
Total wholesale | 701 | 40,257 | 40,958 | 3,419 | 0 | 3,419 | 9,624 | 0 | 9,624 | ||||||||||
Total | 1,107 | 40,763 | 41,870 | 7,973 | 0 | 7,973 | 15,199 | 0 | 15,199 | ||||||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgages | 108 | 457 | 565 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,570 | 0 | 2,570 | ||||||||||
Credit cards | 0 | 0 | 0 | 628 | 0 | 628 | 616 | 0 | 616 | ||||||||||
Other retail exposures | 335 | 43 | 378 | 3,044 | 0 | 3,044 | 2,692 | 0 | 2,692 | ||||||||||
Re-securitization | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 0 | 48 | ||||||||||
Total retail | 443 | 500 | 943 | 3,672 | 0 | 3,672 | 5,926 | 0 | 5,926 | ||||||||||
Loans to corporates | 0 | 29,860 | 29,860 | 1,022 | 0 | 1,022 | 3,138 | 0 | 3,138 | ||||||||||
Commercial mortgages | 11 | 10,484 | 10,495 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 888 | 0 | 888 | ||||||||||
Lease and receivables | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,102 | 0 | 2,102 | 2,209 | 0 | 2,209 | ||||||||||
Other wholesale | 745 | 125 | 870 | 870 | 0 | 870 | 1,224 | 0 | 1,224 | ||||||||||
Total wholesale | 756 | 40,469 | 41,225 | 3,994 | 0 | 3,994 | 7,459 | 0 | 7,459 | ||||||||||
Total | 1,199 | 40,969 | 42,168 | 7,666 | 0 | 7,666 | 13,385 | 0 | 13,385 |
56
SEC2 – Securitization exposures in the trading book | |||||||||||||||||||
Bank acts as originator | Bank acts as sponsor | Bank acts as investor | |||||||||||||||||
end of | Traditional | Synthetic | Total | Traditional | Synthetic | Total | Traditional | Synthetic | Total | ||||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgages | 9 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 842 | 0 | 842 | ||||||||||
Other retail exposures | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 312 | 0 | 312 | ||||||||||
Re-securitization | 0 | 12 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 189 | 48 | 237 | ||||||||||
Total retail | 9 | 12 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,343 | 48 | 1,391 | ||||||||||
Loans to corporates | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 317 | 0 | 317 | ||||||||||
Commercial mortgages | 96 | 0 | 96 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 426 | 0 | 426 | ||||||||||
Re-securitization | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 18 | ||||||||||
Total wholesale | 96 | 0 | 96 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 743 | 18 | 761 | ||||||||||
Total | 105 | 12 | 117 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,086 | 66 | 2,152 | ||||||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgages | 53 | 0 | 53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,135 | 0 | 1,135 | ||||||||||
Other retail exposures | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 256 | 0 | 256 | ||||||||||
Re-securitization | 0 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 200 | 57 | 257 | ||||||||||
Total retail | 53 | 10 | 63 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,591 | 57 | 1,648 | ||||||||||
Loans to corporates | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 387 | 0 | 387 | ||||||||||
Commercial mortgages | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 693 | 0 | 693 | ||||||||||
Re-securitization | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 16 | ||||||||||
Total wholesale | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,080 | 16 | 1,096 | ||||||||||
Total | 153 | 10 | 163 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,671 | 73 | 2,744 |
57
The following tables present the securitization exposures in the banking book and the associated regulatory capital requirements.
> Refer to “Market risk under standardized approach” (page 62) in Market risk for capital charges related to securitization positions in the trading book.
SEC3 – Securitization exposures in the banking book and associated regulatory capital requirements - Credit Suisse acting as originator or as sponsor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exposure value (by RW band) | Exposure value (by regulatory approach) | RWA (by regulatory approach) | Capital charge after cap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
end of | <=20% RW | >20% to 50% RW | >50% to 100% RW | >100% to <1250% RW | 1250% RW | SEC-IRBA | SEC-ERBA | SEC-SA | 1250% RW | SEC-IRBA | SEC-ERBA | SEC-SA | 1250% RW | SEC-IRBA | SEC-ERBA | SEC-SA | 1250% RW | ||||||||||||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total exposures | 45,617 | 3,593 | 345 | 274 | 14 | 39,985 | 513 | 9,331 | 14 | 7,157 | 847 | 3,040 | 174 | 575 | 43 | 176 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||
Traditional securitization | 6,448 | 2,057 | 345 | 219 | 11 | 742 | 513 | 7,814 | 11 | 310 | 847 | 2,560 | 138 | 25 | 43 | 138 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which securitization | 6,448 | 2,057 | 345 | 219 | 11 | 742 | 513 | 7,814 | 11 | 310 | 847 | 2,559 | 138 | 25 | 43 | 138 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which retail underlying | 4,167 | 653 | 35 | 94 | 11 | 0 | 251 | 4,698 | 11 | 0 | 421 | 1,522 | 138 | 0 | 9 | 78 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which wholesale | 2,281 | 1,404 | 310 | 125 | 0 | 742 | 262 | 3,116 | 0 | 310 | 426 | 1,037 | 0 | 25 | 34 | 60 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which re-securitization | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which senior | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Synthetic securitization | 39,169 | 1,536 | 0 | 55 | 3 | 39,243 | 0 | 1,517 | 3 | 6,847 | 0 | 480 | 36 | 550 | 0 | 38 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which securitization | 39,169 | 1,536 | 0 | 55 | 3 | 39,243 | 0 | 1,517 | 3 | 6,847 | 0 | 480 | 36 | 550 | 0 | 38 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which retail underlying | 505 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 505 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 86 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which wholesale | 38,664 | 1,536 | 0 | 55 | 2 | 38,738 | 0 | 1,517 | 2 | 6,761 | 0 | 480 | 26 | 543 | 0 | 38 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total exposures | 44,682 | 4,116 | 770 | 253 | 13 | 40,717 | 589 | 8,515 | 13 | 7,382 | 1,002 | 2,050 | 155 | 592 | 52 | 159 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||
Traditional securitization | 5,800 | 2,089 | 770 | 198 | 8 | 745 | 589 | 7,523 | 8 | 306 | 1,002 | 1,749 | 101 | 24 | 52 | 135 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which securitization | 5,800 | 2,089 | 770 | 198 | 8 | 745 | 589 | 7,523 | 8 | 306 | 1,002 | 1,749 | 101 | 24 | 52 | 135 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which retail underlying | 3,525 | 362 | 158 | 62 | 8 | 0 | 323 | 3,784 | 8 | 0 | 545 | 667 | 101 | 0 | 15 | 53 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which wholesale | 2,275 | 1,727 | 612 | 136 | 0 | 745 | 266 | 3,739 | 0 | 306 | 457 | 1,082 | 0 | 24 | 37 | 82 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Synthetic securitization | 38,882 | 2,027 | 0 | 55 | 5 | 39,972 | 0 | 992 | 5 | 7,076 | 0 | 301 | 54 | 568 | 0 | 24 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which securitization | 38,882 | 2,027 | 0 | 55 | 5 | 39,972 | 0 | 992 | 5 | 7,076 | 0 | 301 | 54 | 568 | 0 | 24 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which retail underlying | 499 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 499 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 84 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which wholesale | 38,383 | 2,027 | 0 | 55 | 4 | 39,473 | 0 | 992 | 4 | 6,992 | 0 | 301 | 44 | 561 | 0 | 24 | 4 |
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SEC4 – Securitization exposures in the banking book and associated regulatory capital requirements - Credit Suisse acting as investor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exposure value (by RW band) | Exposure value (by regulatory approach) | RWA (by regulatory approach) | Capital charge after cap | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
end of | <=20% RW | >20% to 50% RW | >50% to 100% RW | >100% to <1250% RW | 1250% RW | SEC-IRBA | SEC-ERBA | SEC-SA | 1250% RW | SEC-IRBA | SEC-ERBA | SEC-SA | 1250% RW | SEC-IRBA | SEC-ERBA | SEC-SA | 1250% RW | ||||||||||||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total exposures | 13,404 | 1,122 | 496 | 161 | 16 | 1,427 | 566 | 13,190 | 16 | 214 | 215 | 3,175 | 194 | 17 | 17 | 205 | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||
Traditional securitization | 13,404 | 1,122 | 496 | 161 | 16 | 1,427 | 566 | 13,190 | 16 | 214 | 215 | 3,175 | 194 | 17 | 17 | 205 | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which securitization | 13,404 | 1,122 | 496 | 22 | 14 | 1,427 | 566 | 13,051 | 14 | 214 | 215 | 3,021 | 174 | 17 | 17 | 193 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which retail underlying | 4,668 | 742 | 5 | 16 | 3 | 0 | 199 | 5,232 | 3 | 0 | 73 | 1,223 | 37 | 0 | 6 | 75 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which wholesale | 8,736 | 380 | 491 | 6 | 11 | 1,427 | 367 | 7,819 | 11 | 214 | 142 | 1,798 | 137 | 17 | 11 | 118 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which re-securitization | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 139 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 154 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which senior | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 139 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 154 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
2Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total exposures | 10,230 | 2,707 | 205 | 229 | 14 | 2,374 | 567 | 10,430 | 14 | 356 | 222 | 2,377 | 169 | 28 | 17 | 183 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||
Traditional securitization | 10,230 | 2,707 | 205 | 229 | 14 | 2,374 | 567 | 10,430 | 14 | 356 | 222 | 2,377 | 169 | 28 | 17 | 183 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which securitization | 10,230 | 2,707 | 205 | 183 | 12 | 2,374 | 567 | 10,384 | 12 | 356 | 222 | 2,325 | 146 | 28 | 17 | 179 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which retail underlying | 3,691 | 2,124 | 22 | 41 | 0 | 0 | 204 | 5,674 | 0 | 0 | 79 | 1,263 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 100 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which wholesale | 6,539 | 583 | 183 | 142 | 12 | 2,374 | 363 | 4,710 | 12 | 356 | 143 | 1,062 | 146 | 28 | 11 | 79 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which re-securitization | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 52 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
of which senior | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 52 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 |
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We use the advanced approach for calculating the market risk capital requirements for majority of our market risk exposures. As of December 31, 2022, 88% of our market risk RWA was computed using internal models. In line with regulatory requirements, the SMM is used for the specific risk of securitized exposures.
> Refer to “Regulatory capital treatment of securitization structures” (page 56) in Securitization – General for further information on the standardized measurement method and other supervisory approaches.
Risk management objectives and policies for market risk
> Refer to “Market risk” (pages 144 to 148) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management – Risk coverage and management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for information on our risk management objectives and policies for market risk.
> Refer to “Note 1 – Summary of significant accounting policies – Derivatives” (pages 267 to 268) and “Note 33 – Derivatives and hedging activities” (pages 338 to 344) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on policies for hedging risk and strategies/processes for monitoring the continuing effectiveness of hedges.
Market risk reporting
Market risk reporting is performed on a daily, weekly and monthly basis across various levels of the organization, including the Group, its legal entities and the business divisions. The audience of these reports includes senior management within CRO, the Front Office and the Board of Directors.
The following table shows the components of RWA under the standardized approach for market risk. In line with regulatory requirements, the SMM is used for the specific risk of securitized exposures.
MR1 – Market risk under standardized approach | |||||
end of | 4Q22 | 2Q22 | |||
Risk-weighted assets (CHF million) | |||||
Securitization | 1,802 | 1,612 | |||
Total risk-weighted assets | 1,802 | 1,612 |
General
The market risk internal model approach (IMA) framework includes regulatory VaR, stressed VaR, risks not in VaR (RNIV), its stressed equivalent (SRNIV) and Incremental Risk Charge (IRC). There is no Comprehensive Risk Measure as the Group does not hold eligible correlation trading positions.
The following table shows the main characteristics of the different models.
MRB - Internal model approach - overview | |||||||
Regulatory VaR | Stressed VaR | IRC | |||||
Method applied | Historical simulation | Historical simulation | Portfolio loss simulation | ||||
Data set | 2 years | 1 Year | – | ||||
Holding period | 10 days (overlapping) | 10 days (overlapping) | One-year liquidity horizon | ||||
Confidence level | 99% equivalent | 99% equivalent | 99.9% | ||||
Population | Regulatory trading book (where applicable, foreign exchange and commodity risks in the regulatory banking book are added) | Regulatory trading book (where applicable, foreign exchange and commodity risks in the regulatory banking book are added) | Regulatory trading book subject to issuer default and migration risk (excl. securitizations and correlation trades) |
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The following table shows a breakdown of RWA covered by each of the models.
MRB - IMA - Risk-weighted assets | |||||
end of 4Q22 | CHF billion | in % | |||
Risk-weighted assets | |||||
Regulatory VaR | 3.8 | 29 | |||
Stressed VaR | 4.5 | 34 | |||
RNIV | 3.3 | 25 | |||
IRC | 1.6 | 12 | |||
Total risk-weighted assets | 13.2 | 100 |
Regulatory VaR, stressed VaR and risks not in VaR
The regulatory VaR and stressed VaR models primarily cover the activities of Credit Suisse’s business units that are held within trading books. The models are predominantly based on the industry standard historical simulation approach. They include risk types covering equity, currency, interest rate, commodity and credit spread risks. The models are also used to capture foreign exchange and commodity risk within banking books where required by the regulator.
The objective of Credit Suisse is to ensure the greatest consistency possible between the model used for the Group and the one used for subsidiaries and other legal entities. The model used in all instances is based on the same historical simulation approach, but its precise configuration and inclusion of risk types may differ for a variety of reasons. These include timing differences in receiving the necessary regulatory approvals (in which case the differences may be temporary) or different supervisory requirements or interpretations (in which case the differences may be expected to remain).
The Group model is used for Credit Suisse AG (consolidated and parent company), Credit Suisse (Schweiz) AG and Credit Suisse (Hong Kong) Ltd. The model used for Credit Suisse Holdings (USA), Credit Suisse Capital LLC, Credit Suisse International and Credit Suisse Securities (Europe) Limited is similar but is based on a one-tailed percentile rather than expected shortfall.
The market data in the model is updated on an at least weekly basis. An expected shortfall measure is used and calibrated to be equivalent to a 99% confidence level and 10-day holding period. The 10-day holding period is calculated using 10-day overlapping historical returns. The model uses a two-year lookback window and an exponential weighting scheme with a time decay factor of 0.994 to ensure responsiveness to shifts in market environments.
The risk management VaR model for the Group is similar to the regulatory VaR model with a few differences. Certain positions excluded from regulatory and stressed VaR can be included for risk management purposes, such as specific risk from securitization positions and certain banking book exposures. The holding period for risk management VaR is 1 day. The tail measure for risk management is calibrated to be equivalent to a 98% confidence level rather than the regulatory 99%.
The methods used to simulate the potential movements, i.e. the historical scenarios, in risk factors are primarily dependent on the risk types. For risk types pertaining to equity prices, foreign exchange rates and volatilities, the scenarios are modelled as a function of proportional historical moves. For certain spread risks, the scenarios are modelled as a function of absolute historical moves. For some risk types, such as swap spreads and emerging markets credit spreads, a mixed approach is used. The P&L vectors are generated by applying the historical scenarios to a variety of exposure measures; Taylor Series approximations, partial revaluation ladders and grids as well as full revaluation, depending on the complexity and linearity of the underlying risks.
The stressed VaR model for the Group and its entities uses 10 day historical scenarios calculated within a 1 year historical stressed observation period with no exponential weighting applied, except for Credit Suisse Holdings (USA) where stressed VaR uses regulatory VaR time weighting parameters. The underlying risk types are simulated using the same approaches as for regulatory VaR. The 1-year period of stress is assessed on a monthly basis by calculating stressed VaR for a range of alternative 1-year periods taking into account recent portfolio compositions.
The Group has IMA permission for modelling both general market and specific risk of debt and equity instruments. There are two approaches used to model general and specific risk:
■ Full simulation approach: This approach uses an individual risk factor for each security. Therefore, for each security, this approach incorporates both specific risk and general risk within the same risk factor.
■ Regression approach: This approach uses a common risk factor across related securities in conjunction with additional specific risk add-ons for each security. This modelling approach segregates historical price variations into general and specific risk components.
Under the full simulation approach, scenario P&Ls incorporating both specific and general risk are aggregated in the historical simulation VaR via individual risk factor time series. Under the regression approach, scenario P&Ls corresponding to general risk are aggregated in the historical simulation VaR, while for each specific risk, a VaR is calculated by applying either a 1st or a 99th percentile historical move (depending on the direction of the position). Specific risk VaR components are then aggregated with historical simulation VaR under a zero correlation assumption (square root sum of squares).
In addition to the regulatory VaR and stressed VaR models, Credit Suisse operates a RNIV framework. This is applied to the same activities as the VaR/stressed VaR model but covers risk types that are not included in the internal model due, for example, to a lack of historical data or other model constraints. The purpose of
63
the RNIV framework is to ensure that capital is held to meet all risks which are not captured, or not captured adequately, by the firm’s VaR and stressed VaR models. These include, but are not limited to risk factors such as cross-risks and higher-order risks.
The performance of our internal models is regularly monitored and discussed at internal risk governance committees which review the regulatory backtesting results in addition to internal metrics of model performance. Position information flowing into the VaR model is reviewed daily, historical market data is reviewed before going live on a weekly basis, and model parameters are reviewed regularly.
Stress testing analysis is performed on a periodic basis to ensure model stability and robustness against adverse market environments. For this purpose, impacts from large changes in inputs and parameters are simulated and assessed against expected model outputs under different stress scenarios.
> Refer to “Market risk” (pages 144 to 148) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Risk management – Risk coverage and management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on VaR, including VaR limitations, VaR backtesting, stress testing, VaR governance and differences between the model used for risk management purposes and the model used for regulatory purposes.
Incremental Risk Charge
The IRC capitalizes issuer default and migration risk in the trading book, arising from positions such as bonds or CDS, but excluding securitizations and the correlation trading portfolio. Credit Suisse has received approval from FINMA, as well as from regulators of several of our subsidiaries, to use our IRC model.
The IRC model assesses risk at 99.9% confidence level over a one-year time horizon assuming the Constant Position Assumption, i.e. a single liquidity horizon of one year. This corresponds to the most conservative assumption on liquidity that is available under IRC regulatory rules.
The IRC portfolio model is a Merton-type portfolio model designed to calculate the cumulative loss at the 99.9% confidence level. The model’s design is based on the same principles as industry standard credit portfolio models including the Basel II A-IRB model. Systematic risks are captured in the IRC model by employing a multi-factor asset correlation framework that enables the capture of sectorial and regional concentrations.
As part of the exposure aggregation model, stochastic recovery rates are used to capture recovery rate uncertainty, including the case of basis risks on default, where different instruments issued by the same issuer can experience different recovery rates.
To achieve the IRB soundness standard, Credit Suisse uses IRC parameters that typically are either based on the A-IRB reference data sets (migration matrices including PDs, LGDs, LGD correlation and volatility), or parameters based on other internal or external data covering more than ten years of history and including periods of stress.
RWA flow statements of market risk exposures under an IMA
The following table presents the 4Q22 flow statement explaining variations in the market risk RWA determined under an IMA.
Market risk RWA under an IMA decreased CHF 1.5 billion to CHF 13.2 billion compared to the end of 3Q22, primarily due to a decrease in regulatory VaR, IRC and RNIV reflecting a decrease in average risk levels, mainly in Global Trading Solutions and the securitized products business within the Investment Bank.
MR2 – Risk-weighted assets flow statements of market risk exposures under an IMA | |||||||||||
4Q22 | Regulatory VaR | Stressed VaR | IRC | Other | 1 | Total | |||||
CHF million | |||||||||||
Risk-weighted assets at beginning of period | 4,344 | 4,379 | 2,223 | 3,815 | 14,761 | ||||||
Regulatory adjustment | (587) | (496) | (185) | (483) | (1,751) | ||||||
Risk-weighted assets at beginning of period (end of day) | 3,757 | 3,883 | 2,038 | 3,332 | 13,010 | ||||||
Movement in risk levels | (353) | 1,615 | (840) | 263 | 685 | ||||||
Model and parameter updates | (230) | (21) | 0 | 0 | (251) | ||||||
Foreign exchange impact | (228) | (239) | (109) | (190) | (766) | ||||||
Risk-weighted assets at end of period (end of day) | 2,946 | 5,238 | 1,089 | 3,405 | 12,678 | ||||||
Regulatory adjustment | 900 | (780) | 491 | (66) | 545 | ||||||
Risk-weighted assets at end of period | 3,846 | 4,458 | 1,580 | 3,339 | 13,223 | ||||||
1 Risks not in VaR. |
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Definitions of risk-weighted assets movement components related to market risk | |||
Description | Definition | ||
RWA as of the end of the previous/current reporting periods | Represents RWA at quarter-end | ||
Regulatory adjustment | Indicates the difference between RWA and RWA (end of day) at beginning and end of period | ||
RWA as of the previous/current quarters end (end of day) | For a given component (e.g., VaR) it refers to the RWA that would be computed if the snapshot quarter end amount of the component determines the quarter end RWA, as opposed to a 60-day average for regulatory | ||
Movement in risk levels | Represents movements due to position changes | ||
Model and parameter updates | Represents movements arising from internally driven or externally mandated updates to models and recalibrations of model parameters specific only to Credit Suisse | ||
Methodology and policy changes | Represents movements arising from externally mandated regulatory methodology and policy changes to accounting and exposure classification and treatment policies not specific only to Credit Suisse | ||
Acquisitions and disposals | Represents changes in book sizes due to acquisitions and disposals of entities | ||
Foreign exchange impact | Represents changes in exchange rates of the transaction currencies compared to the Swiss franc | ||
Other | Represents changes that cannot be attributed to any other category |
IMA approach values for trading portfolios
The following table presents the maximum, minimum, average and period-end values resulting from the different types of models used for computing regulatory capital charges at the Group level, before any additional capital charge is applied.
MR3 – Regulatory VaR, stressed VaR and Incremental Risk Charge | |||||
in / end of | 2H22 | 1H22 | |||
CHF million | |||||
Regulatory VaR (10 day 99%) | |||||
Maximum value | 143 | 139 | |||
Average value | 109 | 107 | |||
Minimum value | 73 | 82 | |||
Period-end value | 79 | 98 | |||
Stressed VaR (10 day 99%) | |||||
Maximum value | 152 | 178 | |||
Average value | 109 | 122 | |||
Minimum value | 79 | 101 | |||
Period-end value | 140 | 114 | |||
IRC (99.9%) | |||||
Maximum value | 279 | 188 | |||
Average value | 155 | 154 | |||
Minimum value | 82 | 116 | |||
Period-end value | 87 | 145 |
During 2H22, the decrease in period-end IRC was primarily driven by the reduced traded exposures within the Investment Bank.
Comparison of VaR estimates with gains/losses
The following chart compares the results of estimates from the regulatory VaR model with both hypothetical and actual trading outcomes.
Backtesting involves comparing the results produced by the VaR model with the hypothetical trading revenues on the trading book. Hypothetical trading revenues are defined in compliance with regulatory requirements and aligned with the VaR model output by excluding (i) non-market elements (such as fees, commissions, cancellations and terminations, net cost of funding and credit-related valuation adjustments) and (ii) gains and losses from intra-day trading. A backtesting exception occurs when a hypothetical trading loss exceeds the daily VaR estimate.
For capital purposes and in line with Bank for International Settlements (BIS) requirements, FINMA increases the capital multiplier for every regulatory VaR backtesting exception above four in the prior rolling 12-month period, resulting in an incremental market risk capital requirement for the Group. VaR models with less than five backtesting exceptions are considered by regulators to be classified in a defined “green zone”. The “green zone” corresponds to backtesting results that do not themselves suggest a problem with the quality or accuracy of a bank’s model.
In 2H22, there was no backtesting exception in our regulatory VaR model and one backtesting exception in 1H22. Since there was one backtesting exception in the rolling 12-month period through the end of 4Q22, in line with BIS industry guidelines, the bank is in the “green zone”.
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Overview
The Group manages interest rate risk in the banking book (IRRBB) both in terms of risk to earnings as well as risk to the economic value of the asset and liability position, arising from changes in interest rates.
The Group monitors IRRBB through established systems, processes and controls. Risk measures are provided to estimate the impact of changes in interest rates, which is one of the primary ways in which IRRBB is assessed for risk management purposes.
The Group does not have a regulatory requirement to hold capital against IRRBB. The economic impacts of adverse shifts in interest rates from FINMA-defined scenarios are significantly below 15% of tier 1 capital, the threshold used by the regulator to identify banks that potentially run excessive levels of interest rate risk at group and legal entity levels.
Major sources of interest rate risk in the banking book
We assume interest rate risks in our banking book through lending and deposit-taking, money market and funding activities, and the deployment of our consolidated equity, as well as other activities involving banking book positions at the divisional level. Non-maturing products, such as savings accounts, have no contractual maturity date or direct market-linked interest rate and are risk-managed on a pooled basis using replication portfolios on behalf of the business divisions. Replicating portfolios transform non-maturing products into a series of fixed-term products that approximate the re-pricing and volume behavior of the pooled client transactions.
Risk management and control governance
The Group’s overarching objective is to manage the risk of banking book positions in an efficient and controlled manner, across both regulatory constraints and the Group’s risk appetite frameworks. The Group applies the three lines of defense model to IRRBB with clear segregation between the CFO and the businesses (first line), the CRO (second line) and Internal Audit (third line).
Oversight of business strategies, new initiatives, risk measures and risk appetite is provided by a set of governance committees. The Group Capital Allocation and Liability Management Committee (Group CALMC) is responsible for the interest rate risk in the banking book position taking within the IRRBB risk management framework approved by the Group’s Board of Directors.
The Group’s RPSC and associated sub-committees are responsible for the oversight and approval of IRRBB-related risk models, global policies, manuals, guidelines and procedures. Divisional and legal entity risk management committees review IRRBB-related matters specific to their local entities and jurisdictions.
Independent model validation is performed by the model risk management function, a CRO unit independent from model developers, which follows specific quality standards and procedures, such as minimum revalidation cycles. The validation outcome is presented to management and to the RPSC for model approval, in accordance with model development policies.
IRRBB is integrated into the Group’s risk appetite framework and is considered by risk constraints formulated by the Group’s Board of Directors for both earnings- and economic value-based risk measures. The Group’s economic value-based risk appetite level – also referred to as “delta economic value of equity (∆EVE)” – is primarily driven by the available capital and is allocated to the Group’s material legal entities.
Additionally, the crisis response framework can be triggered by management, for example, due to changing market conditions, and requires IRRBB to be quantitatively assessed in response to a specific crisis event. Since crisis reporting can be triggered anytime, the risk measures may need to be generated on an ad hoc basis, outside the recurring production cycles, to provide management with timely reports focused on the identified driver.
Internal Audit regularly assesses the design and operating effectiveness of our interest rate risk management processes and controls, according to the annual audit plan. Internal Audit is independent from the departments involved in the measurement and management of IRRBB and directly reports to the Group’s Board of Directors.
Hedging
The Group assumes a conservative IRRBB risk strategy, which aims to keep a low exposure profile to economic value risks while maintaining high earnings’ stability. This is achieved mainly by systematic hedging of issued debt and open interest rate risk arising from loans and deposit maturity mismatches in the private banking business.
The main instruments used for hedging are interest rate swaps. Most of these swaps qualify for hedge accounting treatment under US GAAP, which allows for the reduction of economic risks without increasing accounting volatility.
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Key risk measures
We monitor the change in net interest income, also referred to as “delta net interest income (∆NII)” on a monthly basis at both the Group and the divisional levels. This is performed by running internal interest rate stress test scenarios on a proprietary model, which follows the Group’s business logic and the expected client behavior. The regulatory ∆NII uses the modelling and parameter assumptions summarized below.
From an economic value perspective, key risk measures are the ∆EVE, representing the change in economic value based on shocked interest rate curves, and the interest rate sensitivity of a one basis point parallel increase in yield curves (DV01). Both are available to management on a daily basis. For internal risk management purposes, we monitor a ∆EVE measure, which covers all banking book positions. For the regulatory ∆EVE measure, we exclude bonds issued as additional tier 1 capital; this is in line with FINMA guidance. Additional ∆EVE modelling and parameter assumptions are summarized below. The regulatory ∆EVE measure is used for both the IRRBB outlier test and for the Pillar 3 disclosures. We monitor this regulatory risk measure on a monthly basis.
Risk measure scenarios
The Group has implemented the FINMA-mandated scenarios on the regulatory ∆EVE and ∆NII risk measures. Beyond the regulatory scenarios, we have also defined a comprehensive set of internal stress test scenarios. The scenarios are reviewed periodically in terms of both scenario selection and calibration of the shocks applied, reflecting changes in macroeconomic conditions and specific interest rate environments.
Key modelling and parametric assumptions
The following list summarizes the key modelling and parameter assumptions used in the IRRBBA1 and IRRBB1 tables:
Regulatory ∆EVE:
■ ∆EVE is measured by excluding commercial margins and other spread components and applying risk-free discounting.
■ Following the internal approach for ∆EVE, the aggregation logic for each of the six prescribed regulatory scenarios allows for diversification between the different currencies.
■ Additional tier 1 capital is excluded from the regulatory ∆EVE measure.
■ ∆EVE is calculated using a sensitivity-based approach.
Regulatory ∆NII:
■ The regulatory constant balance sheet assumptions prescribe using both constant volumes and constant margins throughout the one-year horizon.
■ Volumes are kept constant, both in balance sheet size and product composition.
■ Margins are kept at a constant level for the new positions, in line with the maturing positions.
■ In accordance with regulatory guidance, cash positions held at central banks are excluded.
■ Under the regulatory banking book definition, the Group’s banking book contains more liabilities than assets. This is mainly due to trading book assets, which are funded out of banking books. The funding costs out of the banking book are included, while trading book revenues are excluded from the reporting. As a result, the banking book ∆NII disclosed does not include a material source of income.
■ ∆NII is measured including additional tier 1 capital instruments.
■ As of the reporting date, there are no material exposures to customer loans with prepayment optionality.
Additional assumptions and internal approach:
■ All the above-mentioned risk measures are generated based on granular position data and reflect the individual contractual details, while utilizing the latest available market data.
■ The regulatory ∆EVE disclosure results are higher than the internal ∆EVE. This is due to the previously noted exclusion of additional tier 1 capital instruments in the regulatory ∆EVE.
■ The Group manages risks to NII considering internal models that differ from the regulatory ∆NII definition by including dynamic adjustments to client margins and volumes, benefits to or costs from holding cash at central banks and interest received from internal funding of assets by excess banking book liabilities. Under these assumptions, the NII results for the regulatory interest rate scenarios are more stable.
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The following table presents the exposure’s structure and repricing period.
IRRBBA1 - Quantitative information on the exposure's structure and repricing period | |||||||||||||||||
Volume | 1 | Average repricing period (years) | 2 | Maximum repricing period for exposures with modelled (not determined) repricing date (years) | |||||||||||||
end of 4Q22 | Total | of which CHF | of which USD | of which EUR | Total | of which CHF | Total | of which CHF | |||||||||
CHF million, except where indicated | |||||||||||||||||
Definite repricing date 3 | |||||||||||||||||
Due from banks | 84,468 | 4,444 | 59,356 | 5,951 | 0.0 | 0.0 | – | – | |||||||||
Due from customers | 139,335 | 24,198 | 75,398 | 23,854 | 0.8 | 0.9 | – | – | |||||||||
Money market mortgages | 43,602 | 40,279 | 256 | 188 | 0.0 | 0.0 | – | – | |||||||||
Fixed-rate mortgages | 98,596 | 95,128 | 866 | 230 | 4.6 | 4.7 | – | – | |||||||||
Financial investments | 4,739 | 325 | 1,054 | 985 | 2.4 | 0.4 | – | – | |||||||||
Other receivables | 10 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0.1 | – | – | – | |||||||||
Receivables from interest rate derivatives 4 | 1,316,832 | 362,662 | 685,636 | 167,624 | 1.2 | 0.6 | – | – | |||||||||
Due to banks | (50,657) | (4,774) | (37,108) | (3,126) | 0.1 | 0.1 | – | – | |||||||||
Customer deposits | (73,966) | (15,963) | (35,087) | (9,422) | 0.1 | 0.2 | – | – | |||||||||
Cash bonds | (79) | (79) | 0 | 0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | – | – | |||||||||
Bonds issues and central mortgage institution loans | (119,249) | (18,176) | (65,875) | (27,908) | 4.3 | 7.4 | – | – | |||||||||
Other payables | (43,973) | (1,967) | (27,397) | (10,099) | 0.1 | 0.1 | – | – | |||||||||
Payables to interest rate derivatives 4 | (1,313,202) | (422,540) | (655,303) | (137,843) | 0.9 | 0.8 | – | – | |||||||||
Indefinite repricing date | |||||||||||||||||
Variable mortgages | 1,107 | 1,107 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | – | – | |||||||||
Other receivables on demand | 2,178 | 539 | 1,043 | 515 | 0.0 | 0.0 | – | – | |||||||||
Payables on demand from personal accounts and current accounts | (111,583) | (65,183) | (25,578) | (15,957) | 1.6 | 2.2 | – | – | |||||||||
Payables arising from client deposits, terminable but not transferable (savings) | (27,374) | (27,374) | 0 | 0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | – | – | |||||||||
Total | – | – | – | – | – | – | 10.0 | 10.0 | |||||||||
1 Volume figures may differ from the respective accounting values under US GAAP, due to the impact of effective interest rate calculations and the treatment of loan loss provisions. | |||||||||||||||||
2 The non-maturing deposits' average repricing period has been calculated based on the internal term-replication strategy. | |||||||||||||||||
3 Additional tier 1 capital is excluded. | |||||||||||||||||
4 Receivables and payables from interest rate derivatives are shown as gross figures, including intercompany transactions. |
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The following table presents information on the exposure’s regulatory ∆EVE and regulatory ∆NII.
IRRBB1 - Quantitative information on the regulatory ∆EVE and regulatory ∆NII | |||||||||
ΔEVE | 1 | ΔNII | 2 | ||||||
end of | 4Q22 | 4Q21 | 4Q22 | 4Q21 | |||||
Interest rate shock scenarios (CHF million) 3 | |||||||||
Parallel up | (1,782) | (1,599) | (1,752) | (3,214) | |||||
Parallel down | 1,923 | 2,015 | 1,835 | 5,354 | |||||
Steepener shock | 76 | (311) | – | – | |||||
Flattener shock | (462) | 47 | – | – | |||||
Rise in short-term interest rates | (1,161) | (672) | – | – | |||||
Fall in short-term interest rates | 1,177 | 877 | – | – | |||||
Maximum | (1,782) | (1,599) | (1,752) | (3,214) | |||||
1 Reflects changes in the net present value. | |||||||||
2 Reflects changes in the earnings value. | |||||||||
3 All scenarios are in line with FINMA circular 2019/2. |
IRRBB1 - Tier 1 capital | |||||
end of | 4Q22 | 4Q21 | |||
Tier 1 capital (CHF million) | |||||
Swiss CET1 capital and additional tier 1 capital 1 | 50,026 | 54,372 | |||
1 Excludes tier 1 capital, which is used to fulfill gone concern requirements. |
The change in ∆EVE was due to DV01 exposure movements on our banking book positions in 2022. The main drivers are related to a duration increase in net interest income hedging activities as well as our regular management of banking book activities. The results are inflated due to the required exclusion of additional tier 1 capital instruments while the respective hedges have to be included in the ∆EVE.
The ∆NII for a parallel-up scenario continues to be driven by the banking book liability excess that primarily arises from the trading book assets being funded out of banking books as well as from the exclusion of the cash at central banks and shareholders’ equity from the regulatory definition of ∆NII. This banking book liability excess has been reduced year over year resulting in a decrease of the ∆NII. The embedded rate floors on loan contracts have less impact in the parallel-down scenario related to interest rate increases and therefore reducing the overall sensitivity in this scenario.
69
Credit Suisse is a systemically important financial institution.
> Refer to “Swiss capital requirements” (pages 4 to 5) for the systemically important financial institution view.
The following tables provide details on the composition of Swiss regulatory capital including common equity tier 1 (CET1) capital, additional tier 1 capital and tier 2 capital as if the Group was not a systemically important financial institution.
CC1 - Composition of regulatory capital | ||||||
end of 4Q22 | Amounts | Reference | 1 | |||
Swiss CET1 capital (CHF million) | ||||||
1 | Directly issued qualifying common share (and equivalent for non-joint stock companies) capital plus related stock surplus | 38,775 | 1 | |||
2 | Retained earnings | 23,632 | 2 | |||
3 | Accumulated other comprehensive income (and other reserves) 2 | (17,278) | 3 | |||
6 | CET1 capital before regulatory adjustments | 45,129 | ||||
7 | Prudent valuation adjustments | (271) | ||||
8 | Goodwill, net of tax | (2,871) | 4 | |||
9 | Other intangible assets (excluding mortgage servicing rights), net of tax | (53) | 5 | |||
10 | Deferred tax assets that rely on future profitability (excluding temporary differences), net of tax | (141) | 6 | |||
11 | Cash flow hedge reserve | 1,189 | ||||
12 | Shortfall of provisions to expected losses | (120) | ||||
14 | Gains/(losses) due to changes in own credit on fair-valued liabilities | (4,056) | ||||
15 | Defined benefit pension plan assets | (3,289) | 7 | |||
16 | Investments in own shares | (409) | ||||
26b | National specific regulatory adjustments | 182 | ||||
28 | Total regulatory adjustments to CET1 capital | (9,839) | ||||
29 | CET1 capital | 35,290 | ||||
30 | Directly issued qualifying additional tier 1 instruments plus related stock surplus 3 | 14,776 | ||||
32 | of which classified as liabilities under applicable accounting standards | 14,776 | 8 | |||
36 | Additional tier 1 capital before regulatory adjustments | 14,776 | ||||
37 | Investments in own additional tier 1 instruments | (40) | ||||
43 | Total regulatory adjustments to additional tier 1 capital | (40) | ||||
44 | Additional tier 1 capital | 14,736 | ||||
Swiss tier 1 capital (CHF million) | ||||||
45 | Tier 1 capital | 50,026 | ||||
Swiss eligible capital (CHF million) | ||||||
59 | Total eligible capital | 50,026 | ||||
1 Refer to the balance sheet under regulatory scope of consolidation in the table "CC2 - Reconciliation of regulatory capital to balance sheet". Only material items are referenced to the balance sheet. | ||||||
2 Includes treasury shares. | ||||||
3 Consists of high-trigger and low-trigger capital instruments. Of this amount, CHF 10.5 billion consists of capital instruments with a capital ratio write-down trigger of 7% and CHF 4.2 billion consists of capital instruments with a capital ratio write-down trigger of 5.125%. |
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CC1 - Composition of regulatory capital (continued) | ||||||
end of 4Q22 | Amounts | Reference | 1 | |||
Swiss risk-weighted assets (CHF million) | ||||||
60 | Risk-weighted assets | 250,963 | ||||
Swiss risk-based capital ratios as a percentage of risk-weighted assets (%) | ||||||
61 | CET1 capital ratio | 14.1 | ||||
62 | Tier 1 capital ratio | 19.9 | ||||
63 | Total capital ratio | 19.9 | ||||
BIS CET1 buffer requirements (%) 2 | ||||||
64 | Total BIS CET buffer requirement | 3.580 | ||||
65 | of which capital conservation buffer | 2.5 | ||||
66 | of which extended countercyclical buffer | 0.080 | ||||
67 | of which progressive buffer for G-SIB and/or D-SIB | 1.0 | ||||
68 | CET1 capital ratio available after meeting the bank's minimum capital requirements 3 | 9.6 | ||||
Amounts below the thresholds for deduction (before risk weighting) (CHF million) | ||||||
72 | Non-significant investments in the capital and other TLAC liabilities of other financial entities | 1,612 | ||||
73 | Significant investments in the common stock of financial entities | 2,151 | ||||
74 | Mortgage servicing rights, net of tax | 368 | ||||
75 | Deferred tax assets arising from temporary differences, net of tax | 392 | ||||
Applicable caps on the inclusion of provisions in tier 2 (CHF million) | ||||||
77 | Cap on inclusion of provisions in tier 2 under standardized approach | 297 | ||||
79 | Cap for inclusion of provisions in tier 2 under internal ratings-based approach | 606 | ||||
1 Refer to the balance sheet under regulatory scope of consolidation in the table "CC2 - Reconciliation of regulatory capital to balance sheet". Only material items are referenced to the balance sheet. | ||||||
2 CET1 buffer requirements are based on BIS requirements as a percentage of Swiss risk-weighted assets. | ||||||
3 Reflects the CET1 ratio that is available for meeting buffer requirements. Calculated as the CET1 ratio less the BIS CET1 ratio minimum requirement of 4.5% and after considering, where applicable, CET1 capital that was used to meet tier 1 and/or total capital ratio requirements under Pillar 1. |
Prudent valuation adjustments (PVAs) are applied to the exposures in the banking and trading book measured at fair value under US GAAP and are incremental to the US GAAP fair value measurement. For capital adequacy reporting purposes, however, the Group’s PVA methodology addresses fair value uncertainties arising from concentration risk. PVAs for concentration risk are deducted from CET1 capital. The Group has established systems, controls and governance to ensure that the valuation of positions measured at fair value comply with the prudent valuation requirements.
> Refer to “Fair valuations” (page 72) in II – Operating and financial review – Credit Suisse – Other information, to “Fair value” (page 97) in II – Operating and financial review – Critical accounting estimates and to “Note 36 – Financial instruments” (pages 358 to 385) in VI – Consolidated financial statements – Credit Suisse Group in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on fair value measurement.
The following table provides a breakdown of PVAs to CET1 capital.
PV1 – Prudent valuation adjustments | |||||||||||||||||
end of | Equity | Interest rates | FX | Credit | Commodities | Total | of which in the trading book | of which in the banking book | |||||||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||
Closeout uncertainty | 53 | 116 | 7 | 85 | 0 | 261 | 202 | 59 | |||||||||
of which concentration | 53 | 116 | 7 | 85 | 0 | 261 | 202 | 59 | |||||||||
Model risk | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 10 | 0 | |||||||||
Total adjustments | 53 | 116 | 7 | 95 | 0 | 271 | 212 | 59 | |||||||||
4Q21 (CHF million) | |||||||||||||||||
Closeout uncertainty | 84 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 84 | 30 | 54 | |||||||||
of which concentration | 84 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 84 | 30 | 54 | |||||||||
Total adjustments | 84 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 84 | 30 | 54 |
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The following table presents the balance sheet as published in the consolidated financial statements of the Group and the balance sheet under the regulatory scope of consolidation.
CC2 - Reconciliation of regulatory capital to balance sheet | |||||||
end of 4Q22 | Financial statements | Regulatory scope of consolidation | Reference to composition of capital | ||||
Assets (CHF million) | |||||||
Cash and due from banks | 68,478 | 68,293 | |||||
Interest-bearing deposits with banks | 455 | 1,006 | |||||
Central bank funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and securities borrowing transactions | 58,798 | 58,798 | |||||
Securities received as collateral, at fair value | 2,978 | 2,978 | |||||
Trading assets, at fair value | 65,461 | 64,681 | |||||
Investment securities | 1,718 | 1,718 | |||||
Other investments | 5,518 | 5,768 | |||||
Net loans | 264,165 | 264,543 | |||||
Goodwill | 2,903 | 2,903 | 4 | ||||
Other intangible assets | 458 | 458 | |||||
of which other intangible assets (excluding mortgage servicing rights) | 55 | 55 | 5 | ||||
Brokerage receivables | 13,818 | 13,818 | |||||
Other assets | 46,608 | 44,466 | |||||
of which deferred tax assets related to net operating losses | 141 | 141 | 6 | ||||
of which deferred tax assets from temporary differences | 164 | (519) | |||||
of which defined benefit pension plan assets | 4,117 | 4,117 | 7 | ||||
Total assets | 531,358 | 529,430 | |||||
Liabilities and equity (CHF million) | |||||||
Due to banks | 11,905 | 12,032 | |||||
Customer deposits | 233,235 | 233,320 | |||||
Central bank funds purchased, securities sold under repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions | 20,280 | 20,282 | |||||
Obligation to return securities received as collateral, at fair value | 2,978 | 2,978 | |||||
Trading liabilities, at fair value | 18,338 | 18,372 | |||||
Short-term borrowings | 12,414 | 12,444 | |||||
Long-term debt | 157,235 | 155,113 | |||||
Brokerage payables | 11,442 | 11,442 | |||||
Other liabilities | 18,200 | 17,987 | |||||
Total liabilities | 486,027 | 483,970 | |||||
of which additional tier 1 instruments, fully eligible | 12,114 | 14,736 | 8 | ||||
Common shares | 160 | 160 | 1 | ||||
Additional paid-in capital | 38,615 | 38,615 | 1 | ||||
Retained earnings | 23,632 | 23,586 | 2 | ||||
Treasury shares, at cost | (428) | (428) | 3 | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) | (16,850) | (16,805) | 3 | ||||
Total shareholders' equity 1 | 45,129 | 45,128 | |||||
Noncontrolling interests 2 | 202 | 332 | |||||
Total equity | 45,331 | 45,460 | |||||
Total liabilities and equity | 531,358 | 529,430 | |||||
1 Eligible as CET1 capital, prior to regulatory adjustments. | |||||||
2 The difference between the accounting and regulatory scope of consolidation primarily represents private equity and other fund type vehicles, which FINMA does not require to consolidate for capital adequacy reporting. |
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The following table presents the composition of our TLAC.
TLAC1 - TLAC composition for G-SIBs | |||
end of | 4Q22 | ||
TLAC (CHF million) | |||
CET1 capital | 35,290 | ||
Additional tier 1 instruments eligible under TLAC framework | 14,736 | ||
TLAC arising from regulatory capital | 50,026 | ||
External TLAC instruments issued directly by Credit Suisse Group AG and subordinated to excluded liabilities | 52,256 | ||
TLAC arising from non-regulatory capital instruments before adjustments | 52,256 | ||
TLAC before deductions | 102,282 | ||
Deduction of investment in own other TLAC liabilities | 383 | ||
Other adjustments to TLAC | 2,756 | ||
TLAC | 99,143 | ||
Risk-weighted assets and leverage exposure (CHF million) | |||
Swiss risk-weighted assets | 250,963 | ||
Leverage exposure | 650,551 | ||
TLAC ratios and buffers (%) | |||
TLAC ratio | 39.5 | ||
TLAC leverage ratio | 15.2 | ||
CET1 capital ratio available after meeting the resolution group’s minimum capital and TLAC requirements | 9.6 | ||
Institution-specific buffer requirement (capital conservation buffer plus countercyclical buffer requirements plus higher loss absorbency requirement, expressed as a percentage of risk-weighted assets) | 3.580 | ||
of which capital conservation buffer requirement | 2.5 | ||
of which bank specific countercyclical buffer requirement | 0.080 | ||
of which higher loss absorbency requirement | 1.0 |
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The following table presents information regarding creditors’ rankings of the liabilities structure of the resolution entity.
TLAC3 - Resolution entity - Creditor ranking at legal entity level | |||||||||
Creditor ranking | |||||||||
end of 4Q22 | Shareholders' equity | 1 | Subordinated debt instruments Additional tier 1 | Bail-in debt instruments and pari passu liabilities | 2 | Total | |||
CHF million | |||||||||
Total capital and liabilities net of credit risk mitigation | 22,661 | 16,243 | 58,262 | 97,166 | |||||
Excluded liabilities | – | – | 69 | 69 | |||||
Total capital and liabilities less excluded liabilities | 22,661 | 16,243 | 58,193 | 97,097 | |||||
of which potentially eligible as TLAC 3 | 22,661 | 16,016 | 54,679 | 93,356 | |||||
of which residual maturity between 1 to 2 years | – | – | 3,010 | 3,010 | |||||
of which residual maturity between 2 to 5 years | – | – | 21,394 | 21,394 | |||||
of which residual maturity between 5 to 10 years | – | – | 19,453 | 19,453 | |||||
of which residual maturity greater than 10 years, excluding perpetual securities | – | – | 10,822 | 10,822 | |||||
of which perpetual securities | 22,661 | 16,016 | – | 38,677 | |||||
Presented for Credit Suisse Group AG at the legal entity level and therefore instruments issued by subsidiaries and special purpose entities are excluded. Amounts are prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Swiss Law on Accounting and Financial Reporting (32nd title of the Swiss Code of Obligations). | |||||||||
1 Includes nominal share capital of CHF 160 million. | |||||||||
2 Amount does not include CHF 2,684 million of intercompany liabilities, which are pari passu to the external bail-in debt instruments and are not considered to be excluded liabilities. | |||||||||
3 Notes with a maturity of less than one year, notes called but not yet redeemed and accrued but not yet paid interest on TLAC instruments are not eligible as TLAC, but can be bailed in by FINMA. |
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Most line items in the following table presents the view as if the Group was not a systemically important financial institution.
KM1 - Key metrics | |||||||||||
end of | 4Q22 | 3Q22 | 2Q22 | 1Q22 | 4Q21 | ||||||
Capital (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Swiss CET1 capital | 35,290 | 34,423 | 37,049 | 37,713 | 38,529 | ||||||
Fully loaded CECL accounting model Swiss CET1 capital 1 | 35,290 | 34,423 | 37,049 | 37,713 | 38,529 | ||||||
Swiss tier 1 capital | 50,026 | 50,110 | 52,736 | 53,204 | 54,372 | ||||||
Fully loaded CECL accounting model Swiss tier 1 capital 1 | 50,026 | 50,110 | 52,736 | 53,204 | 54,372 | ||||||
Swiss total eligible capital | 50,026 | 50,110 | 53,217 | 53,676 | 55,073 | ||||||
Fully loaded CECL accounting model Swiss total eligible capital 1 | 50,026 | 50,110 | 53,217 | 53,676 | 55,073 | ||||||
Minimum capital requirement (8% of Swiss risk-weighted assets) 2 | 20,077 | 21,931 | 22,000 | 21,889 | 21,473 | ||||||
Risk-weighted assets (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Swiss risk-weighted assets | 250,963 | 274,138 | 274,997 | 273,609 | 268,418 | ||||||
Risk-based capital ratios as a percentage of risk-weighted assets (%) | |||||||||||
Swiss CET1 capital ratio | 14.1 | 12.6 | 13.5 | 13.8 | 14.4 | ||||||
Fully loaded CECL accounting model Swiss CET1 capital ratio 1 | 14.1 | 12.6 | 13.5 | 13.8 | 14.4 | ||||||
Swiss tier 1 capital ratio | 19.9 | 18.3 | 19.2 | 19.4 | 20.3 | ||||||
Fully loaded CECL accounting model Swiss tier 1 capital ratio 1 | 19.9 | 18.3 | 19.2 | 19.4 | 20.3 | ||||||
Swiss total capital ratio | 19.9 | 18.3 | 19.4 | 19.6 | 20.5 | ||||||
Fully loaded CECL accounting model Swiss total capital ratio 1 | 19.9 | 18.3 | 19.4 | 19.6 | 20.5 | ||||||
BIS CET1 buffer requirements (%) 3 | |||||||||||
Capital conservation buffer | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | ||||||
Extended countercyclical buffer | 0.080 | 0.026 | 0.025 | 0.023 | 0.028 | ||||||
Progressive buffer for G-SIB and/or D-SIB | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
Total BIS CET1 buffer requirement | 3.580 | 3.526 | 3.525 | 3.523 | 3.528 | ||||||
Additional Swiss sectoral countercyclical buffer | 0.235 | 0.227 | – | – | – | ||||||
CET1 capital ratio available after meeting the bank's minimum capital requirements 4 | 9.6 | 8.1 | 9.0 | 9.3 | 9.9 | ||||||
Basel III leverage ratio (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Leverage exposure | 650,551 | 836,881 | 862,737 | 878,023 | 889,137 | ||||||
Basel III leverage ratio (%) | 7.7 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | ||||||
Fully loaded CECL accounting model Basel III leverage ratio (%) 1 | 7.7 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | ||||||
Liquidity coverage ratio (CHF million) 5 | |||||||||||
High-quality liquid assets | 119,954 | 226,839 | 234,931 | 225,572 | 227,193 | ||||||
Net cash outflows | 83,202 | 118,144 | 123,312 | 114,869 | 112,156 | ||||||
Liquidity coverage ratio (%) | 144 | 192 | 191 | 196 | 203 | ||||||
Net stable funding ratio (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Available stable funding | 343,158 | 425,622 | 428,764 | 430,894 | 436,856 | ||||||
Required stable funding | 292,524 | 314,062 | 325,767 | 335,546 | 342,870 | ||||||
Net stable funding ratio (%) | 117 | 136 | 132 | 128 | 127 | ||||||
1 The fully loaded US GAAP CECL accounting model excludes the transitional relief of recognizing CECL allowances and provisions in CET1 capital in accordance with FINMA Circular 2013/1 “Eligible capital – banks”. | |||||||||||
2 Calculated as 8% of Swiss risk-weighted assets, based on total capital minimum requirements, excluding the BIS CET1 buffer requirements. | |||||||||||
3 CET1 buffer requirements are based on BIS requirements as a percentage of Swiss risk-weighted assets and do not include the additional Swiss sectoral countercyclical capital buffer for mortgage loans that are directly or indirectly secured by residential real estate in Switzerland. | |||||||||||
4 Reflects the CET1 ratio that is available for meeting buffer requirements. Calculated as the CET1 ratio less the BIS CET1 ratio minimum requirement of 4.5% and after considering, where applicable, CET1 capital that was used to meet tier 1 and/or total capital ratio requirements under Pillar 1. | |||||||||||
5 Calculated using a three-month average, which is calculated on a daily basis. |
75
> Refer to “Swiss capital requirements” (pages 4 to 5) for the systemically important financial institution view.
> Refer to “Swiss metrics” (pages 125 to 126) and “Risk-weighted assets” (pages 122 to 124) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Capital management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on movements in capital, capital ratios, risk-weighted assets and leverage ratios.
> Refer to “Liquidity coverage ratio” (pages 109 to 110) and “Net stable funding ratio” (page 110) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Liquidity and funding management – Liquidity risk management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 as well as “Liquidity metrics” (page 37) in Additional financial metrics in the Credit Suisse Earnings Release 4Q22 for further information on movements in the liquidity coverage ratio and the net stable funding ratio.
> Refer to “Swiss requirements” (pages 116 to 118) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Capital management – Regulatory framework in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on additional CET1 buffer requirements.
The following table presents information about available TLAC and TLAC requirements applied at the resolution group level, which is defined as Credit Suisse Group AG consolidated.
KM2 - Key metrics - TLAC requirements (at resolution group level) | |||||||||||
end of | 4Q22 | 3Q22 | 2Q22 | 1Q22 | 4Q21 | ||||||
CHF million | |||||||||||
TLAC | 99,143 | 97,398 | 96,896 | 101,177 | 101,269 | ||||||
Fully loaded CECL accounting model TLAC 1 | 99,143 | 97,398 | 96,896 | 101,177 | 101,269 | ||||||
Swiss risk-weighted assets | 250,963 | 274,138 | 274,997 | 273,609 | 268,418 | ||||||
TLAC ratio (%) | 39.5 | 35.5 | 35.2 | 37.0 | 37.7 | ||||||
Fully loaded CECL accounting model TLAC ratio (%) 1 | 39.5 | 35.5 | 35.2 | 37.0 | 37.7 | ||||||
Leverage exposure | 650,551 | 836,881 | 862,737 | 878,023 | 889,137 | ||||||
TLAC leverage ratio (%) | 15.2 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 11.4 | ||||||
Fully loaded CECL accounting model TLAC leverage ratio (%) 1 | 15.2 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 11.4 | ||||||
Does the subordination exemption in the antepenultimate paragraph of Section 11 of the FSB TLAC Term Sheet apply? | No | No | No | No | No | ||||||
Does the subordination exemption in the penultimate paragraph of Section 11 of the FSB TLAC Term Sheet apply? | No | No | No | No | No | ||||||
If the capped subordination exemption applies, the amount of funding issued that ranks pari passu with Excluded Liabilities and that is recognized as external TLAC, divided by funding issued that ranks pari passu with Excluded Liabilities and that would be recognized as external TLAC if no cap was applied (%) | N/A - refer to our response above | N/A - refer to our response above | N/A - refer to our response above | N/A - refer to our response above | N/A - refer to our response above | ||||||
1 The fully loaded US GAAP CECL accounting model excludes the transitional relief of recognizing CECL allowances and provisions in CET1 capital in accordance with FINMA Circular 2013/1 “Eligible capital – banks”. |
76
The following table presents an overview of the geographical distribution of RWA for private sector credit exposures used in the calculation of the extended countercyclical buffer (CCyB).
CCyB1 - Geographical distribution of risk-weighted assets used in the CCyB | |||||||||
end of | CCyB rate (%) | RWA used in the computation of the CCyB | Bank- specific CCyB rate (%) | CCyB amount | |||||
4Q22 (CHF million) | |||||||||
Hong Kong | 1.00 | 1,381 | – | – | |||||
Sweden | 1.00 | 452 | – | – | |||||
UK | 1.00 | 7,065 | – | – | |||||
Luxembourg | 0.50 | 3,935 | – | – | |||||
Subtotal | – | 12,833 | – | – | |||||
Other countries | 0.00 | 123,227 | – | – | |||||
Total 1 | – | 136,060 | 0.080 | 200 | |||||
1 Reflects the total of RWA for private sector credit exposures across all jurisdictions to which the Group is exposed, including jurisdictions with no CCyB rate or with a CCyB rate set at zero, and value of the Group specific CCyB rate and resulting CCyB amount. |
77
Credit Suisse has adopted the BIS leverage ratio framework, as issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) and implemented in Switzerland by FINMA.
> Refer to “Leverage metrics” (page 125) and “Swiss metrics” (pages 125 to 126) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Capital management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on leverage metrics, including the calculation methodology and movements in leverage exposures.
LR1 - Summary comparison of accounting assets vs leverage ratio exposure | |||
end of | 4Q22 | ||
Reconciliation of consolidated assets to leverage exposure (CHF million) | |||
Total consolidated assets as per published financial statements | 531,358 | ||
Adjustment for investments in banking, financial, insurance or commercial entities that are consolidated for accounting purposes but outside the scope of regulatory consolidation 1 | (8,518) | ||
Adjustments for derivatives financial instruments | 43,642 | ||
Adjustments for SFTs (i.e. repos and similar secured lending) | 2,402 | ||
Adjustments for off-balance sheet items (i.e. conversion to credit equivalent amounts of off-balance sheet exposures) | 78,811 | ||
Other adjustments | 2,856 | ||
Leverage exposure | 650,551 | ||
1 Includes adjustments for investments in banking, financial, insurance or commercial entities that are consolidated for accounting purposes but outside the scope of regulatory consolidation and tier 1 capital deductions related to balance sheet assets. |
LR2 - Leverage ratio common disclosure template | |||||
end of | 4Q22 | 3Q22 | |||
Reconciliation of consolidated assets to leverage exposure (CHF million) | |||||
On-balance sheet items (excluding derivatives and SFTs, but including collateral) | 458,961 | 567,982 | |||
Asset amounts deducted from Basel III tier 1 capital | (6,163) | (5,952) | |||
Total on-balance sheet exposures | 452,798 | 562,030 | |||
Reconciliation of consolidated assets to leverage exposure (CHF million) | |||||
Replacement cost associated with all derivatives transactions (i.e. net of eligible cash variation margin) | 12,967 | 21,102 | |||
Add-on amounts for PFE associated with all derivatives transactions | 37,181 | 44,118 | |||
Gross-up for derivatives collateral provided where deducted from the balance sheet assets pursuant to the operative accounting framework | 13,560 | 17,392 | |||
Deductions of receivables assets for cash variation margin provided in derivatives transactions | (12,562) | (16,090) | |||
Exempted CCP leg of client-cleared trade exposures | (382) | (581) | |||
Adjusted effective notional amount of all written credit derivatives | 161,382 | 189,372 | |||
Adjusted effective notional offsets and add-on deductions for written credit derivatives | (157,403) | (184,128) | |||
Derivative Exposures | 54,743 | 71,185 | |||
Securities financing transaction exposures (CHF million) | |||||
Gross SFT assets (with no recognition of netting), after adjusting for sale accounting transactions | 69,568 | 118,058 | |||
Netted amounts of cash payables and cash receivables of gross SFT assets | (10,749) | (10,136) | |||
Counterparty credit risk exposure for SFT assets | 5,380 | 4,742 | |||
Securities financing transaction exposures | 64,199 | 112,664 | |||
Other off-balance sheet exposures (CHF million) | |||||
Off-balance sheet exposure at gross notional amount | 260,448 | 287,310 | |||
Adjustments for conversion to credit equivalent amounts | (181,637) | (196,308) | |||
Other off-balance sheet exposures | 78,811 | 91,002 | |||
Swiss tier 1 capital (CHF million) | |||||
Swiss tier 1 capital | 50,026 | 50,110 | |||
Leverage exposure (CHF million) | |||||
Leverage exposure | 650,551 | 836,881 | |||
Leverage ratio (%) | |||||
Basel III leverage ratio | 7.7 | 6.0 |
78
Liquidity risk management framework
Our liquidity and funding policy is designed to ensure that funding is available to meet all obligations in times of stress, whether caused by market events or issues specific to Credit Suisse.
> Refer to “Liquidity and funding management” (pages 106 to 114) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on our liquidity risk management framework including governance, stress testing, liquidity metrics, funding sources and uses and contractual maturity of assets and liabilities.
Liquidity coverage ratio
Our calculation methodology for the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) is prescribed by the Liquidity Ordinance and the FINMA circular 2015/2 “Liquidity risk – banks”, as amended (Liquidity circular), and uses a three-month average that is measured using daily calculations during the quarter.
> Refer to “Liquidity metrics” (pages 109 to 110) and “Funding sources” (page 111) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Liquidity and funding management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 for further information on the Group’s liquidity coverage ratio, including high-quality liquid assets, liquidity pool and funding sources.
> Refer to “Liquidity metrics” (page 37) in Additional financial metrics in the Credit Suisse Earnings Release 4Q22 for further information on movements in the liquidity coverage ratio.
LIQ1 - Liquidity coverage ratio | |||||
end of 4Q22 | Unweighted value | 1 | Weighted value | 2 | |
High-quality liquid assets (CHF million) | |||||
High-quality liquid assets 3 | – | 119,954 | |||
Cash outflows (CHF million) | |||||
Retail deposits and deposits from small business customers | 118,506 | 13,444 | |||
of which less stable deposits | 118,506 | 13,444 | |||
Unsecured wholesale funding | 153,546 | 58,000 | |||
of which operational deposits (all counterparties) and deposits in networks of cooperative banks | 31,348 | 7,837 | |||
of which non-operational deposits (all counterparties) | 77,042 | 39,405 | |||
of which unsecured debt | 10,156 | 10,156 | |||
Secured wholesale funding | 50,915 | 9,692 | |||
Additional requirements | 153,272 | 33,328 | |||
of which outflows related to derivative exposures and other collateral requirements | 53,394 | 12,550 | |||
of which outflows related to loss of funding on debt products | 1,069 | 1,069 | |||
of which credit and liquidity facilities | 98,809 | 19,709 | |||
Other contractual funding obligations | 43,945 | 43,945 | |||
Other contingent funding obligations | 194,227 | 2,303 | |||
Total cash outflows | – | 160,712 | |||
Cash inflows (CHF million) | |||||
Secured lending | 32,744 | 12,104 | |||
Inflows from fully performing exposures | 48,350 | 22,101 | |||
Other cash inflows | 43,305 | 43,305 | |||
Total cash inflows | 124,399 | 77,510 | |||
Liquidity cover ratio (CHF million) | |||||
High-quality liquid assets | – | 119,954 | |||
Net cash outflows | – | 83,202 | |||
Liquidity coverage ratio (%) | – | 144 | |||
Calculated based on an average of 65 data points in 4Q22. | |||||
1 Calculated as outstanding balances maturing or callable within 30 days. | |||||
2 Calculated after the application of haircuts for high-quality liquid assets or inflow and outflow rates. | |||||
3 Consists of cash and eligible securities as prescribed by FINMA and reflects a post-cancellation view. |
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Net stable funding ratio
Our calculation methodology for the net stable funding ratio (NSFR) is prescribed by the Liquidity Ordinance and the Liquidity circular.
> Refer to “Net stable funding ratio” (page 110) in III – Treasury, Risk, Balance sheet and Off-balance sheet – Liquidity and funding management – Liquidity management in the Credit Suisse Annual Report 2022 and “Liquidity metrics” (page 37) in Additional financial metrics in the Credit Suisse Earnings Release 4Q22 for further information on the Group’s net stable funding ratio.
LIQ2 – Liquidity: information on the NSFR | |||||||||||
Values not weighted, according to residual maturities | |||||||||||
end of 4Q22 | No maturity | < 6 months | ≥ 6 months up to 1 year | ≥ 1 year | Weighted values | ||||||
Information on the available stable funding (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Equity instruments | 52,433 | 0 | 0 | 12,010 | 64,443 | ||||||
of which regulatory capital 1 | 52,433 | 0 | 0 | 12,010 | 64,443 | ||||||
of which other equity instruments | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Demand deposits and/or term deposits of private customers and small business customers | 84,136 | 17,873 | 8,911 | 7 | 100,136 | ||||||
of which "stable" deposits | 6,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5,700 | ||||||
of which "less stable" deposits | 78,136 | 17,873 | 8,911 | 7 | 94,436 | ||||||
Funding deposited by non-financial institutions (without small business customers) (wholesale customers) | 57,889 | 38,749 | 2,598 | 1,317 | 48,446 | ||||||
of which operational deposits | 23,190 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11,595 | ||||||
of which non-operational deposits | 34,699 | 38,749 | 2,598 | 1,317 | 36,851 | ||||||
Liabilities with matching interdependent assets | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Other exposures | 61,094 | 64,904 | 23,170 | 113,380 | 130,133 | ||||||
of which exposures arising from derivative transactions | – | 11,277 | 0 | 0 | – | ||||||
of which other exposures and equity instruments | 61,094 | 53,627 | 23,170 | 113,380 | 130,133 | ||||||
Total available stable funding | – | – | – | – | 343,158 | ||||||
Information on the required stable funding (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Total of HQLA NSFR | – | – | – | – | 3,279 | ||||||
Operational deposits held at other financial institutions | 6,700 | – | – | – | 3,350 | ||||||
Performing loans and securities | 31,020 | 112,025 | 43,454 | 179,249 | 221,436 | ||||||
of which performing loans to companies in the financial sector, secured with category 1 and 2a HQLA | 11,891 | 20,647 | 0 | 0 | 3,390 | ||||||
of which performing loans to companies in the financial sector, secured with non-category 1 or 2a HQLA or unsecured | 3,578 | 23,895 | 13,591 | 23,285 | 34,252 | ||||||
of which performing loans to companies outside the financial sector, to retail and small business customers, to countries, central banks and sub-national public sector entities | 5,956 | 53,676 | 15,724 | 69,835 | 94,493 | ||||||
of which risk-weighted up to 35% under the SA-BIS | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7,560 | 5,396 | ||||||
of which performing loans for residential properties | 0 | 13,460 | 13,629 | 77,579 | 73,388 | ||||||
of which risk-weighted up to 35% under the SA-BIS | 0 | 4,526 | 4,677 | 70,204 | 58,176 | ||||||
of which non-defaulted securities that do not qualify as HQLA, including exchange-traded shares | 9,595 | 347 | 510 | 8,550 | 15,913 | ||||||
Assets with matching interdependent liabilities | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Other assets | 73,923 | 539 | 45 | 86,266 | 58,243 | ||||||
of which physically traded commodities, including gold | 1,298 | – | – | – | 1,103 | ||||||
of which assets posted as initial margin for derivative contracts and contributions to default funds of central counterparties | – | 0 | 0 | 13,870 | 11,789 | ||||||
of which NSFR assets in the form of derivatives | – | 0 | 0 | 10,518 | 0 | ||||||
of which NSFR derivative liabilities before deduction of variation margin posted | – | 0 | 0 | 22,912 | 5,800 | ||||||
of which all remaining assets | 72,625 | 539 | 45 | 38,966 | 39,551 | ||||||
Off-balance sheet items | – | 0 | 0 | 307,122 | 6,216 | ||||||
Total required stable funding | – | – | – | – | 292,524 | ||||||
Net stable funding ratio (%) | – | – | – | – | 117 | ||||||
1 Prior to regulatory deductions. |
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LIQ2 – Liquidity: information on the NSFR (continued) | |||||||||||
Values not weighted, according to residual maturities | |||||||||||
end of 3Q22 | No maturity | < 6 months | ≥ 6 months up to 1 year | ≥ 1 year | Weighted values | ||||||
Information on the available stable funding (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Equity instruments | 49,156 | 0 | 0 | 14,853 | 64,009 | ||||||
of which regulatory capital 1 | 49,156 | 0 | 0 | 14,853 | 64,009 | ||||||
of which other equity instruments | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Demand deposits and/or term deposits of private customers and small business customers | 117,280 | 28,914 | 9,457 | 7 | 140,393 | ||||||
of which "stable" deposits | 6,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5,700 | ||||||
of which "less stable" deposits | 111,280 | 28,914 | 9,457 | 7 | 134,693 | ||||||
Funding deposited by non-financial institutions (without small business customers) (wholesale customers) | 83,322 | 86,877 | 6,068 | 1,384 | 85,446 | ||||||
of which operational deposits | 28,498 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14,249 | ||||||
of which non-operational deposits | 54,824 | 86,877 | 6,068 | 1,384 | 71,197 | ||||||
Liabilities with matching interdependent assets | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Other exposures | 76,432 | 83,790 | 31,716 | 113,356 | 135,774 | ||||||
of which exposures arising from derivative transactions | – | 18,497 | 0 | 0 | – | ||||||
of which other exposures and equity instruments | 76,432 | 65,293 | 31,716 | 113,356 | 135,774 | ||||||
Total available stable funding | – | – | – | – | 425,622 | ||||||
Information on the required stable funding (CHF million) | |||||||||||
Total of HQLA NSFR | – | – | – | – | 4,276 | ||||||
Operational deposits held at other financial institutions | 9,009 | – | – | – | 4,504 | ||||||
Performing loans and securities | 43,401 | 167,089 | 40,435 | 179,779 | 234,800 | ||||||
of which performing loans to companies in the financial sector, secured with category 1 and 2a HQLA | 13,962 | 51,321 | 0 | 0 | 6,651 | ||||||
of which performing loans to companies in the financial sector, secured with non-category 1 or 2a HQLA or unsecured | 7,581 | 35,565 | 11,469 | 18,838 | 31,211 | ||||||
of which performing loans to companies outside the financial sector, to retail and small business customers, to countries, central banks and sub-national public sector entities | 6,500 | 65,151 | 16,035 | 70,445 | 100,003 | ||||||
of which risk-weighted up to 35% under the SA-BIS | 11 | 0 | 0 | 7,837 | 5,610 | ||||||
of which performing loans for residential properties | 0 | 13,917 | 12,342 | 79,405 | 73,540 | ||||||
of which risk-weighted up to 35% under the SA-BIS | 0 | 5,248 | 4,429 | 72,122 | 59,059 | ||||||
of which non-defaulted securities that do not qualify as HQLA, including exchange-traded shares | 15,358 | 1,135 | 589 | 11,091 | 23,395 | ||||||
Assets with matching interdependent liabilities | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Other assets | 151,037 | 876 | 35 | 106,569 | 63,779 | ||||||
of which physically traded commodities, including gold | 1,459 | – | – | – | 1,240 | ||||||
of which assets posted as initial margin for derivative contracts and contributions to default funds of central counterparties | – | 0 | 0 | 15,823 | 13,449 | ||||||
of which NSFR assets in the form of derivatives | – | 0 | 0 | 17,762 | 0 | ||||||
of which NSFR derivative liabilities before deduction of variation margin posted | – | 0 | 0 | 32,468 | 7,663 | ||||||
of which all remaining assets | 149,578 | 876 | 35 | 40,516 | 41,427 | ||||||
Off-balance sheet items | – | 0 | 0 | 329,788 | 6,703 | ||||||
Total required stable funding | – | – | – | – | 314,062 | ||||||
Net stable funding ratio (%) | – | – | – | – | 136 | ||||||
1 Prior to regulatory deductions. |
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A | ||
ABS | Asset-backed securities | |
ACVA | Advanced credit valuation adjustment approach | |
A-IRB | Advanced-internal ratings-based | |
AMA | Advanced measurement approach | |
Art. | Article | |
B | ||
BCBS | Basel Committee on Banking Supervision | |
BIS | Bank for International Settlements | |
C | ||
CALMC | Capital Allocation and Liability Management Committee | |
CAO | Capital Adequacy Ordinance | |
CCF | Credit conversion factor | |
CCP | Central counterparties | |
CCR | Counterparty credit risk | |
CCyB | Countercyclical buffer | |
CDS | Credit default swap | |
CECL | Current expected credit loss | |
CET1 | Common equity tier 1 | |
CFO | Chief Financial Officer | |
CMBS | Commercial mortgage-backed securities | |
CRO | Chief Risk and Compliance Officer | |
CRM | Credit risk mitigation | |
CVA | Credit valuation adjustment | |
D | ||
D-SIB | Domestic systemically important bank | |
E | ||
EAD | Exposure at default | |
ECAI | External credit assessment institutions | |
EEPE | Effective expected positive exposure | |
EMIR | European Market Infrastructure Regulation | |
EVE | Economic value of equity | |
F | ||
FINMA | Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority FINMA | |
F-IRB | Foundation-internal ratings-based | |
FSB | Financial Stability Board | |
G | ||
GDP | Gross Domestic Product | |
G-SIB | Global systemically important bank | |
H | ||
HQLA | High-quality liquid assets | |
I | ||
IAA | Internal assessment approach | |
IMA | Internal model approach | |
IMM | Internal model method | |
IPRE | Income producing real estate | |
IRB | Internal ratings-based | |
IRRBB | Interest rate risk in the banking book | |
IRC | Incremental Risk Charge |
L | |||
LCR | Liquidity coverage ratio | ||
LGD | Loss given default | ||
LRD | Leverage ratio denominator | ||
LTV | Loan-to-value | ||
M | |||
MACC | Model Approval and Controls Committee | ||
N | |||
NII | Net interest income | ||
N/A | Not applicable | ||
NSFR | Net stable funding ratio | ||
O | |||
OTC | Over-the-counter | ||
P | |||
P&L | Profits and losses | ||
PD | Probability of default | ||
PFE | Potential future exposure | ||
Q | |||
QCCP | Qualifying central counterparty | ||
R | |||
RMBS | Residential mortgage-backed securities | ||
RNIV | Risks not in value-at-risk | ||
RPSC | Risk Processes & Standards Committee | ||
RW | Risk weight | ||
RWA | Risk-weighted assets | ||
S | |||
SA | Standardized approach | ||
SA-CCR | Standardized approach - counterparty credit risk | ||
SEC-ERBA | Securitization external ratings-based approach | ||
SEC-IRBA | Securitization internal ratings-based approach | ||
SEC-SA | Securitization standardized approach | ||
SFT | Securities financing transactions | ||
SMM | Standardized measurement method | ||
SPE | Special purpose entity | ||
T | |||
TLAC | Total loss-absorbing capacity | ||
U | |||
US GAAP | US generally accepted accounting principles | ||
V | |||
VaR | Value-at-risk | ||
∆ | |||
∆EVE | Delta economic value of equity | ||
∆NII | Delta net interest income |
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This document contains statements that constitute forward-looking statements. In addition, in the future we, and others on our behalf, may make statements that constitute forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements may include, without limitation, statements relating to the following:
■ our plans, targets or goals;
■ our future economic performance or prospects;
■ the potential effect on our future performance of certain contingencies; and
■ assumptions underlying any such statements.
Words such as “may,” “could,” “achieves,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends” and “plans” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. We do not intend to update these forward-looking statements.
By their very nature, forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, both general and specific, and risks exist that predictions, forecasts, projections and other outcomes described or implied in forward-looking statements will not be achieved. We caution you that a number of important factors could cause results to differ materially from the plans, targets, goals, expectations, estimates and intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements. Additionally, many of these factors are beyond our control. These factors include, but are not limited to:
■ the ability to maintain sufficient liquidity and access capital markets;
■ market volatility, increases in inflation and interest rate fluctuations or developments affecting interest rate levels;
■ the ongoing significant negative consequences, including reputational harm, of the Archegos and supply chain finance funds matters, as well as other recent events, and our ability to successfully resolve these matters;
■ the impact of media reports and social media speculation about our business and its performance;
■ the extent of outflows of deposits and assets or future net new asset generation across our divisions;
■ our ability to improve our risk management procedures and policies and hedging strategies;
■ the strength of the global economy in general and the strength of the economies of the countries in which we conduct our operations, in particular, but not limited to, the risk of negative impacts of COVID-19 on the global economy and financial markets, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the resulting sanctions from the US, EU, UK, Switzerland and other countries and the risk of continued slow economic recovery or downturn in the EU, the US or other developed countries or in emerging markets in 2022 and beyond;
■ the emergence of widespread health emergencies, infectious diseases or pandemics, such as COVID-19, and the actions that may be taken by governmental authorities to contain the outbreak or to counter its impact;
■ potential risks and uncertainties relating to the severity of impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, including potential material adverse effects on our business, financial condition and results of operations;
■ the direct and indirect impacts of deterioration or slow recovery in residential and commercial real estate markets;
■ adverse rating actions by credit rating agencies in respect of us, sovereign issuers, structured credit products or other credit-related exposures;
■ the ability to achieve our strategic initiatives, including those related to our targets, ambitions and goals, such as our financial ambitions as well as various goals and commitments to incorporate certain environmental, social and governance considerations into our business strategy, products, services and risk management processes;
■ our ability to achieve our announced comprehensive new strategic direction for the Group and significant changes to its structure and organization;
■ our ability to successfully implement the divestment of any non-core business;
■ the future level of any impairments and write-downs resulting from strategy changes and their implementation;
■ the ability of counterparties to meet their obligations to us and the adequacy of our allowance for credit losses;
■ the effects of, and changes in, fiscal, monetary, exchange rate, trade and tax policies;
■ the effects of currency fluctuations, including the related impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations due to moves in foreign exchange rates;
■ geopolitical and diplomatic tensions, instabilities and conflicts, including war, civil unrest, terrorist activity, sanctions or other geopolitical events or escalations of hostilities, such as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine;
■ political, social and environmental developments, including climate change and evolving ESG-related disclosure standards;
■ the ability to appropriately address social, environmental and sustainability concerns that may arise from our business activities;
■ the effects of, and the uncertainty arising from, the UK’s withdrawal from the EU;
■ the possibility of foreign exchange controls, expropriation, nationalization or confiscation of assets in countries in which we conduct our operations;
■ operational factors such as systems failure, human error, or the failure to implement procedures properly;
■ the risk of cyber attacks, information or security breaches or technology failures on our reputation, business or operations, the risk of which is increased while large portions of our employees work remotely;
■ the adverse resolution of litigation, regulatory proceedings and other contingencies;
■ actions taken by regulators with respect to our business and practices and possible resulting changes to our business organization, practices and policies in countries in which we conduct our operations;
■ the effects of changes in laws, regulations or accounting or tax standards, policies or practices in countries in which we conduct our operations;
■ the discontinuation of LIBOR and other interbank offered rates and the transition to alternative reference rates;
■ the potential effects of changes in our legal entity structure;
■ competition or changes in our competitive position in geographic and business areas in which we conduct our operations;
■ the ability to retain and recruit qualified personnel;
■ the ability to protect our reputation and promote our brand;
■ the ability to increase market share and control expenses;
■ technological changes instituted by us, our counterparties or competitors;
■ the timely development and acceptance of our new products and services and the perceived overall value of these products and services by users;
■ acquisitions, including the ability to integrate acquired businesses successfully, and divestitures, including the ability to sell non-core assets; and
■ other unforeseen or unexpected events and our success at managing these and the risks involved in the foregoing.
We caution you that the foregoing list of important factors is not exclusive. When evaluating forward-looking statements, you should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and events, including the information set forth in “Risk factors” in I – Information on the company in our Annual Report 2022.
83