Investments | 5. Investments The amortized cost/carrying value and estimated fair value of investments in debt and equity securities by category is as follows (in thousands): Gross Gross Cost/Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Cost Gains Losses Fair Value As of March 31, 2023 U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government $ 54,876 $ 34 $ (283) $ 54,627 Corporate bonds 200,684 620 (4,073) 197,231 Corporate bank loans 54,584 7 (576) 54,015 Municipal bonds 33,086 58 (300) 32,844 Mortgage-backed 1,484 5 (152) 1,337 Total debt securities 344,714 724 (5,384) 340,054 Total equity securities 24,281 2,759 (4,648) 22,392 Total investments $ 368,995 $ 3,483 $ (10,032) $ 362,446 As of December 31, 2022 U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government $ 80,616 $ 9 $ (647) $ 79,978 Corporate bonds 240,185 625 (5,766) 235,044 Corporate bank loans 76,418 6 (1,241) 75,183 Municipal bonds 35,390 51 (423) 35,018 Mortgage-backed 1,510 6 (142) 1,374 Total debt securities 434,119 697 (8,219) 426,597 Total equity securities 30,058 3,981 (5,840) 28,199 Total investments $ 464,177 $ 4,678 $ (14,059) $ 454,796 As of March 31, 2023, the Company had investments in 52 issuers that represented more than 10% of stockholders’ equity. Of the investments in the 52 issuers, 94% was in debt securities with the remaining amount in equity securities. Of the debt securities invested in the 52 issuers, 89% was considered investment grade. Major categories of net investment gains (losses) on investments are summarized as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 2022 U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government $ (22) $ — Corporate bonds (1,117) 12 Corporate bank loans (91) 5 Municipal bonds (4) — Mortgage-backed — — Equity securities 624 129 Other investments — — (Loss) Gain on investments (610) 146 Unrealized (losses) gains on equity securities (30) (95) Investment (losses) gains, net $ (640) $ 51 We realized gross gains on investments of $1.5 million and $152 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We realized gross losses on investments of $2.1 million and $6 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We recorded proceeds from the sale of investment securities of $50.4 million and $0.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Realized investment gains and losses are recognized in operations on the first in-first out method. The following schedules summarize the gross unrealized losses showing the length of time that investments have been continuously in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands): As of March 31, 2023 12 months or less Longer than 12 months Total Unrealized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Value Losses Fair Value Losses Fair Value Losses U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government $ 15,545 $ (18) $ 24,728 $ (265) $ 40,273 $ (283) Corporate bonds 84,381 (1,618) 110,682 (2,455) 195,063 (4,073) Corporate bank loans 17,061 (75) 38,331 (501) 55,392 (576) Municipal bonds 4,554 (94) 6,097 (206) 10,651 (300) Mortgage-backed 41 (1) 1,278 (151) 1,319 (152) Total debt securities 121,582 (1,806) 181,116 (3,578) 302,698 (5,384) Total equity securities 5,376 (1,061) 3,728 (3,587) 9,104 (4,648) Total investments $ 126,958 $ (2,867) $ 184,844 $ (7,165) $ 311,802 $ (10,032) As of December 31, 2022 12 months or less Longer than 12 months Total Unrealized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Value Losses Fair Value Losses Fair Value Losses U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government $ 17,543 $ (67) $ 37,622 $ (580) $ 55,165 $ (647) Corporate bonds 232,722 (5,764) 99 (2) 232,821 (5,766) Corporate bank loans 37,339 (678) 36,107 (563) 73,446 (1,241) Municipal bonds 10,293 (383) 2,275 (40) 12,568 (423) Mortgage-backed 1,348 (136) 7 (6) 1,355 (142) Total debt securities 299,245 (7,028) 76,110 (1,191) 375,355 (8,219) Total equity securities 8,118 (3,835) 3,211 (2,005) 11,329 (5,840) Total investments $ 307,363 $ (10,863) $ 79,321 $ (3,196) $ 386,684 $ (14,059) We had a total of 195 debt securities with an unrealized loss position, of which 91 were in an unrealized loss position for less than one year and 104 were in an unrealized loss position for a period of one year or greater, as of March 31, 2023. We held a total of 228 debt securities with an unrealized loss, of which 181 were in an unrealized loss position for less than one year and 47 were in an unrealized loss position for a period of one year or greater, as of December 31, 2022. We consider these losses as a temporary decline in value as they are on securities that we do not intend to sell and do not believe we will be required to sell prior to recovery of our amortized cost basis. The gross unrealized losses on the debt security positions at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were due predominately to market and interest rate fluctuations and we see no other indications that the decline in values of these securities is other-than-temporary. Additionally, in accordance with ASU 2016-13, the Company estimates what is expected to not be collectable over the remaining life of its debt securities by employing qualitative analysis, considering among other factors positions in unrealized losses without consideration of time spent in such position. The Company concluded that there is currently no expected credit loss allowance necessary. Based on evidence gathered through our normal credit evaluation process, we presently expect that all debt securities held in our investment portfolio will be paid in accordance with their contractual terms. Nonetheless, it is at least reasonably possible that the performance of certain issuers of these debt securities will be worse than currently expected resulting in future write-downs within our portfolio of debt securities. We complete a detailed analysis each quarter to assess whether any decline in the fair value of any debt security below cost is deemed other-than-temporary. All debt securities with an unrealized loss are reviewed. We recognize an impairment loss when a debt security’s value declines below cost, adjusted for accretion, amortization and previous other-than-temporary impairments and it is determined that the decline is other-than-temporary. We did no t recognize any impairment loss on debt securities during the three months ended March 31, 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we did no t dispose of any previously impaired securities. Debt Investments: We assess whether we intend to sell, or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell, a fixed maturity investment before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current period credit losses. For fixed maturity investments that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and that we do not intend to sell and will not be required to sell, we separate the amount of the impairment into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings through a credit loss allowance and is the difference between the investment’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows. The remaining difference between the investment’s fair value and the present value of future expected cash flows is recognized in other comprehensive income. Equity Investments: Equity investments that are not consolidated or accounted for under the equity method of accounting with readily determinable fair values are not required to be evaluated for other-than-temporary-impairment. The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at March 31, 2023 by contractual maturity are as follows. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties. Amortized Cost Fair Value (in thousands) Due in one year or less $ 174,859 $ 172,720 Due after one year through five years 139,088 137,135 Due after five years through ten years 23,022 22,807 Due after ten years 6,261 6,055 Mortgage-backed 1,484 1,337 $ 344,714 $ 340,054 |