RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                           CITIZENS UTILITIES COMPANY

         CITIZENS UTILITIES COMPANY, a corporation  organized and existing under
the laws of the State of Delaware (the "Company"), hereby certifies as follows:

         1.    The name of the corporation is

                           CITIZENS UTILITIES COMPANY

         The date of filing its original  Certificate of Incorporation  with the
Secretary of State was November 12, 1935.

         2.    The provisions of the Amended and Restated  Certificate of
Incorporation of the Company as heretofore  amended,  are
hereby amended and restated and integrated into the single  instrument  which is
hereinafter set forth, and which is entitled Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of Citizens  Utilities Company without any further  amendments and
without  any  further  discrepancy  between  the  provisions  of the Amended and
Restated  Certificate of Incorporation as heretofore  amended and the provisions
of the said single instrument hereinafter set forth.

         3.    The  amendments  and the restatement of the Amended and Restated
Certificate  of  Incorporation  herein  certified  have been duly adopted by the
stockholders  and the  Board  of  Directors,  respectively,  of the  Company  in
accordance  with the provisions of Section 242 and of Section 245 of the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

         4.    The capital of the Company will not be reduced under or by reason
of any amendment in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation here-
inafter set forth.

         5.    The text of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
shall upon the  effective  date of this  Amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of
Incorporation read as follows:





                AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                           CITIZENS UTILITIES COMPANY


         FIRST:   The name of this corporation is CITIZENS UTILITIES COMPANY.

         SECOND:  Its principal office in the State of Delaware is to be located
at 1013 Centre Road, in the City of  Wilmington,  County of New Castle,  and its
resident agent is The Prentice-Hall Corporation System, Inc.

         THIRD:  The nature of the  business  and the objects and purposes to be
transacted,  promoted,  and carried on are to do any or all of the things herein
mentioned as fully and to the same extent as natural  persons  might or could do
and in any part of the world, viz.:

        (a) To purchase or otherwise acquire, own, operate and dispose of all or
any part of the business and properties of persons, partnerships,  associations,
and other  corporations  engaged in any  business,  including  that of operating
public utilities,  and to make payment therefor by the issuance of securities of
this  corporation  or in any other manner  permitted  by law, and in  connection
therewith  to assume any or all of the  bonds,  mortgages,  franchises,  leases,
contracts, indebtedness,  liabilities, and obligations of such corporations, and
to do any things  necessary  or expedient  in  connection  therewith or with the
carrying  out of any  plan  of  reorganization  of  predecessor  company  or any
modification therefor.

        (b) To generate,  produce,  buy, or in any manner acquire,  and to sell,
dispose  of, and  distribute  electricity  for  light,  heat,  power,  and other
purposes and to carry on the business of furnishing,  supplying,  manufacturing,
and vending light heat, power, gas, water, steam heat, ice,  refrigeration,  and
any and all  businesses  incident  thereto,  and to build,  construct,  develop,
improve,  acquire, hold, own, lease,  maintain, and operate plants,  facilities,
and   works  for  the   manufacture,   generation,   production,   accumulation,
transmission,  and  distribution of electric  energy,  gas and steam,  for light
power, heat and other purposes, and to acquire, construct, maintain, and operate
systems of water  works,  gas works,  steam  heating  plants,  for the supply of
water,  gas, and steam heat, and to exercise rights of condemnation  and eminent
domain in  connection  with the doing of its  business  objects and  purposes as
herein set forth so far as may be  permissible  by law,  to  acquire,  maintain,
operate,  and exercise all the rights of ownership of any telephone,  telegraph,
and/or other communication system or systems.

        (c) To build, construct,  develop,  improve,  acquire, hold, own, lease,
maintain  and  operate,  by  electricity  or other  power,  street  railways and
interurban  railways  for  the  transportation  of  passengers,  mail,  express,
merchandise, or other freight in any part of the world.

        (d) To produce,  mine, buy, sell, store,  market, deal in, and prospect
for  coal  and minerals of all  kinds and the  products and by-products thereof.




















                                      - 2 -



        (e) To  organize,  incorporate,  reorganize,  finance,  and  to aid  and
assist financially or otherwise, companies, corporations, joint stock companies,
syndicates,  partnerships,  and  associations  of all kinds,  and to underwrite,
subscribe for, and endorse the bonds, stocks, securities,  debentures, notes, or
undertakings of any such company,  corporation,  joint stock company,  syndicate
partnership or association, and to make any guarantee in connection therewith or
otherwise for the payment of money or for the  performance  of any obligation or
undertaking,  and to do any and all things  necessary or convenient to carry any
of such purposes into effect.

        (f) To  carry on the business of engineering  and  contracting in all of
its branches; to appraise,  value, design, build, construct,  enlarge,  develop,
improve, extend, and repair works, plants, systems, lines, stations,  buildings,
structures,   mines,  shafts,  tunnels,  wells,  canals,   viaducts,   highways,
facilities,  apparatus,  machinery,  equipment, appliances and appurtenances, of
any and every nature and kind whatsoever.

        (g) To purchase and acquire  securities,  assets, and  property of every
kind and description at judicial, judiciary, trustee's, pledge's, mortgagee's or
liquidating  or  public  or  private  sales,   either  pursuant  to  a  plan  of
reorganization or otherwise, and to carry on a general salvage, liquidation, and
realization  business;  and  also  to  do a  general  commission  and  brokerage
business.

        (h) To hold in trust, issue on commission,  make  advances upon or sell,
lease, license, transfer, organize,  reorganize,  incorporate, or dispose of any
of  the  undertakings  or  resulting  investments  aforesaid,  or the  stock  or
securities  thereof;  to act as agent or depositary for any of the above or like
purposes  or any purpose  herein  mentioned;  and to act as fiscal  agent of any
other person, firm or corporation.

        (i) To obtain the grant of, purchase,  lease, or otherwise  acquire  any
concessions,  rights, options, patents, privileges, lands, rights of way, sites,
properties,  undertakings  or  businesses,  or any right,  option or contract in
relation  thereto,  and to  perform,  carry  out,  and  fulfill  the  terms  and
conditions thereof and to carry the same into effect, and to develop,  maintain,
lease, sell, transfer, dispose of, and otherwise deal with the same.

        (j) From time to time to apply for,  obtain  the grant of,  purchase  or
acquire by  assignment,  transfer or otherwise,  and to exercise,  carry out and
enjoy any license,  power,  authority,  franchise,  ordinance,  order,  right or
privilege,  which any government or authority,  supreme,  municipal or local, or
any corporation or other public body shall enact, make, or grant.

        (k) To issue shares of the capital,  stock, bonds, debentures, debenture
stock,  notes,  and other  obligations of this  corporation  for cash, for labor
done, for property,  real or personal, or leases thereof, or for any combination
of any of the foregoing,  or for services  rendered or in exchange for the stock
debentures,  debenture stock, bonds,  securities,  or obligations of any person,
firm, association, corporation, or other organization.





















                                      - 3 -


        (l) To purchase, acquire, and lease, and to sell, lease, and dispose  of
water,  water rights,  water records,  power privileges,  and appropriations for
power, light, heat, mining, milling, irrigation,  agricultural,  domestic or any
other use or purpose.

        (m) To acquire  by purchase,  lease,  own,  hold,  sell,  mortgage,  and
encumber both improved and unimproved real estate wherever  situate;  to survey,
subdivide,  plat,  colonize,  and improve  the same for the  purposes of sale or
otherwise;  and to construct and erect thereon factories,  works, plants, shops,
stores, mills, hotels, houses, buildings, and other structures, and to own, use,
maintain, manage, and operate the same or any thereof.

        (n) To own and control and acquire,  by lease,  purchase,  construction,
or otherwise,  steamships,  boats, barges, hydroplanes, and vessels of all kinds
or interests  therein and to operate the same either on Alaska Waters and on the
Waters of Puget Sound and on all navigable rivers and waters connected therewith
and elsewhere,  or both, for the transportation of passengers and freight of all
kinds, with power to purchase,  build,  construct,  repair, lease, sell, convey,
and operate  vessels of all kinds,  and all machinery,  appliances and apparatus
incident,  necessary or convenient thereto,  or in any way connected  therewith;
with power  also to do a towing  business,  and also to  purchase,  own,  lease,
construct,  control,  and  operate  and sell docks,  wharves,  landings  floats,
warehouses, dry docks and dock machinery, appliances and apparatus of all kinds;
and  with the  power  also to do a  general  shipbuilding,  stevedore,  dockage,
warehouse,  and  commission  business;  to conduct a general  cold  storage  and
refrigeration business.

        (o) To subscribe  for, or cause to be subscribed  for,  buy, own,  hold,
purchase,  receive, or acquire,  and/or to sell, negotiate,  guarantee,  assign,
deal in, exchange, transfer, mortgage, pledge and/or otherwise dispose of shares
of the capital stock, scrip, bonds, coupons,  mortgages,  debentures,  debenture
stock, securities, notes, acceptances,  drafts, and/or evidences of indebtedness
issued and/or created by any government or by any political  subdivision thereof
or by any other corporations,  joint stock companies,  or associations,  whether
public,  private,  or  municipal,  or any  corporate  body,  and while the owner
thereof,  to possess and to exercise in respect thereof all the rights,  powers,
and privileges of ownership,  including the right to vote thereon;  to guarantee
the  payment  of  dividends  on any  shares of the  capital  stock of any of the
corporations,  joint stock companies,  or associations in which this corporation
has or may at any time have an  interest,  and to become  surety in respect  of,
endorse,  or otherwise  guarantee the payment of the principal of or interest on
any scrip, bonds, coupons, mortgages,  debentures,  debenture stock, securities,
notes,  drafts,  bills of exchange , or  evidences  of  indebtedness,  issued or
created by any such  corporations,  joint stock companies,  or associations;  to
assume and agree to pay all or part of the  indebtedness,  evidenced by bonds or
otherwise, of any corporation, and to assume and agree to perform any covenants,
conditions,  or agreements contained in any mortgage or trust indenture,  and to
assume any other obligation,  or liability of any corporation;  to become surety
for or  guarantee  the carrying out and  performance  of any and all  contracts,
leases,  and  obligations  of  every  kind  of  any  corporations,  joint  stock
companies,  or associations,  and in particular of any corporation,  joint stock
company, or association any of whose shares, scrip, bonds,  coupons,  mortgages,
debentures,  debenture stock,  securities,  notes, drafts, bills of exchange, or
evidences of indebtedness,  are at any time held by or for this corporation, and
to do any acts or things designed to protect,  preserve,  improve or enhance the
value  of  any  such  shares,  scrip,  bonds,  coupons,  mortgages,  debentures,
debenture stock,  securities,  notes, drafts, bills of exchange, or evidences of
indebtedness,  provided,  however,  that  this  Subdivision  (o)  shall  not  be
construed  to authorize  this corporation  to engage in the business of banking.



















                                     - 4 -


        (p) To  manufacture,  buy, sell,  and  generally deal in, goods,  wares,
merchandise,  property,  and commodities of any and every class and description,
and all  articles  used or  useful  in  connection  therewith;  to engage in any
business  whether  manufacturing  or otherwise  which this  corporation may deem
advantageous  or useful in connection  with any or all of the foregoing,  and to
purchase, acquire, manufacture, market, or prepare for market, sell or otherwise
dispose of any article,  commodity,  or thing which this  corporation may use in
connection with its business.

        (q) To manage, operate, conduct and  supervise the business, properties,
and affairs,  in whole or in part, of any companies,  corporations,  joint stock
companies,  syndicates,  partnerships,  and associations of all kinds whether it
owns  any or all  of  the  securities  and/or  obligations  of  such  companies,
corporations, joint stock companies, syndicates,  partnerships, and associations
or not.

        (r) To secure, purchase, acquire, apply for, register,  own, hold, sell,
or dispose of any and all copyrights, trademarks and other trade rights.

        (s) To organize, or cause to be organized,  under the laws  of the State
of Delaware,  or of any other state,  territory,  or country, or the District of
Columbia,  a corporation or corporations for the purpose of accomplishing any or
all of the objects for which this  corporation  is  organized,  and to dissolve,
wind up, liquidate, merge or consolidate any such corporation,  or corporations,
or to  cause  the  same  to be  dissolved,  wound  up,  liquidated,  merged,  or
consolidated.

        (t) To purchase,  apply for, obtain,  or otherwise  acquire any  and all
letters patent, licenses,  patent rights, patented processes, and similar rights
granted by the United States or any other government or country, or any interest
therein,  or any  inventions  which  may seem  capable  of being  used for or in
connection with any of the objects or purposes of this corporation,  and to use,
exercise,  develop,  sell,  dispose of, lease,  grant licenses in respect to, or
other  interests in the same,  and  otherwise  turn the same to account,  and to
carry on any  business,  manufacturing  or  otherwise,  which  may be  deemed to
directly or indirectly aid,  effectuate,  or develop, the objects or any of them
of this corporation.

        (u) To lend  money,  to borrow  money for any of the  purposes  of  this
corporation,  and to issue bonds, debentures,  debenture stock, notes, and other
obligations,  and to secure the same by pledge or  mortgage  of the whole or any
part of the property, of this corporation,  either real or personal, or to issue
bonds, debentures, debenture stock, notes, or other obligations without any such
security.

        (v) To enter into, make, perform, and carry out contracts of every  kind
for any lawful  purpose,  without  limit as to amount,  with any  person,  firm,
association, or corporation.






















                                     - 5 -


        (w) In connection with its business,  to  draw, make,  accept,  endorse,
discount,  guarantee,  execute,  and issue promissory notes,  bills of exchange,
drafts, warrants and all kinds of obligations and certificates and negotiable or
transferable instruments.

        (x) To purchase,  hold,  sell,  and transfer  shares of  its own capital
stock, bonds, notes, and other obligations of this corporation from time to time
to such extent and in such manner and upon such terms as its Board of  Directors
shall determine;  provided that any purchase of any of the shares of the capital
stock of the  corporation  shall not be made when such purchase  would cause any
impairment of the capital of the  corporation;  and provided further that shares
of its own capital stock belonging to this  corporation  shall not be voted upon
directly or indirectly.

        (y)  To  have  one  or  more  offices,  to  carry  on any or  all of its
operations  and  business  and  without  restriction  or limit as to amount,  to
purchase,  lease, or otherwise  acquire,  hold, and own, and to mortgage,  sell,
convey, lease or otherwise dispose of, real and personal property of every class
and  description in any of the states or territories of the United States and in
the District of Columbia,  and in any and all foreign countries,  subject to the
laws of such state, district, territory, or country.

        (z) To do any and all things  herein set forth,  and  in  addition  such
other acts and things as are necessary or  convenient  to the  attainment of the
purposes  of this  corporation,  or any of them,  to the same  extent as natural
persons lawfully might or could do in any part of the world.

                  The foregoing  clauses shall be construed  both as objects and
powers and it is hereby  expressly  provided that the foregoing  enumeration  of
specific  power  shall not be held to limit or restrict in any manner the powers
of this  corporation,  and are in furtherance of, and in addition to, and not in
limitation of the general powers conferred by the laws of the State of Delaware.

                  It is the  intention  that the  purposes,  objects  and powers
specified in this Article Third and all  subdivisions  thereof shall,  except as
otherwise expressly provided, in nowise be limited or restricted by reference to
or inference  from the terms of any other  clause or paragraph of this  Article,
and that each of the  purposes,  objects,  and powers  specified in this Article
Third shall be regarded as independent purposes, objects, and powers.

FOURTH:  (a) The total  number of shares of stock which this  corporation  shall
have authority to issue is six hundred and fifty million (650,000,000) shares of
which fifty million  (50,000,000) shares shall be shares of Preferred Stock with
a par value of one cent ($.0l)  each,  amounting  in  aggregate  to five hundred
thousand dollars ($500,000),  six hundred million  (600,000,000) shares shall be
shares of Common Stock, par value of twenty-five  ($.25) each,  amounting in the
aggregate to one hundred and fifty million dollars ($150,000,000).

         (b) The Preferred  Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more
series, and in such amounts as may be determined by the Board of Directors.  The
designations,   powers,   preferences  and  relative,   participating  optional,
conversion  and  other  rights,   and  the   qualifications,   limitations   and
restrictions  thereof, of the Preferred Stock of each series, which shall not be
fixed  by the  Certificate  of  Incorporation,  shall be such as may be fixed or
altered by resolution or resolutions by the Board of Directors  (authority so to
do being hereby expressly  granted to, and vested in, the Board of Directors) to
the full extent now or hereafter permitted by the laws of Delaware.

















                                      - 6 -


         (c ) Each  holder  of  Common  Stock  shall  at  every  meeting  of the
stockholders be entitled to one vote in person or by written proxy signed by him
for each full share of Common  Stock  owned by him and shall be entitled to vote
upon all such  matters as may come  before the  stockholders  including  without
limitation the election of directors, which shall be decided by majority vote of
the Common  Stock  present or  represented  by proxy and entitled to vote at the
meeting.  The stockholders of this corporation shall have no preemptive right to
subscribe to any issue of shares of stock of this  corporation  now or hereafter
made.

         (d) Each full share of the former  Common  Stock  Series B with the par
value of twenty-five  cents ($.25) each ("Common Stock Series B") which shall be
outstanding  immediately prior to the time when this Article FOURTH shall become
effective, shall, upon such effectiveness, automatically and without any further
action on the part of the holder thereof,  be changed and reclassified  into one
full share of Common Stock.  Each certificate  representing a share or shares of
Common Stock  Series B (including  those  certificates  representing  a share or
shares of the former  Common Stock Series A) shall  thereafter  represent a like
number of shares of Common  Stock of this  corporation  into which the shares of
Common  Stock  Series B have been  changed  and  reclassified  and shall for all
purposes  be deemed  evidence  of the  ownership  of a like  number of shares of
Common Stock of this  corporation into which the shares of Common Stock Series B
have been changed and reclassified.  The holders of such certificates  shall not
be required  immediately to surrender the same in exchange for  certificates  of
Common  Stock,  but, as such  certificates  representing  shares of Common Stock
Series B are surrendered for transfer, this corporation shall cause to be issued
certificates  representing  shares  of  Common  Stock,  and,  at any  time  upon
surrender  by any holders of  certificates  representing  Common Stock Series B,
this corporation shall cause to be issued thereof certificates for a like number
of shares of Common Stock of this corporation."

FIFTH:      The minimum amount of capital with  which it will commence  business
is One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00).

SIXTH:      The name and  place of residence of each of the incorporators are as
follows:

                  NAME                          RESIDENCE
                  ----                          ---------

                  L. H. HERMAN                  Wilmington, Delaware
                  WALTER LENZ                   Wilmington, Delaware
                  W. T. HOBSON                  Wilmington, Delaware

SEVENTH:    This corporation is to have perpetual existence.






















                                      - 7 -


EIGHTH:     The private property of the stockholders shall not be subject to the
payment of corporate debts to any extent whatever.

NINTH:      In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers  conferred by the
laws of the State of Delaware,  the Board of Directors is expressly authorized:

            To make, alter, and repeal  the by-laws subject  to the power of the
stockholders to  change or  repeal such bylaws;  provided,  however, that  prior
to the second Tuesday in March,  1937, no by-laws shall be adopted or amended by
the  directors  so as to authorize or provide (a) for the holding of any meeting
of  stockholders  for  the  election  of  directors  at  any  place  other  than
Minneapolis,  Minnesota  or at any time prior to the holding of the first annual
meeting of  stockholders  for  election of  directors  on the second  Tuesday in
March,  1937;  or (b) for the holding of meetings  of  directors,  prior to such
first meeting of stockholders for the election of directors,  at any place other
than as provided in the original by-laws;

            To set  apart out  of any of  the funds of the corporation available
for  dividends a  reserve or  reserves for  any proper  purpose and to  alter or
abolish any such reserve;

            To fix, determine, and vary from time to time the amount to be main-
tained as surplus and the amount or amounts to be set apart for working capital.

            All of the  powers of this corporation, insofar as the same lawfully
may be vested by this Certificate  in the Board  of Directors, are  hereby  con-
ferred upon the Board of Directors of this corporation.

            Directors  need  not be  elected by  ballot, unless voting by ballot
shall be requested by the holders of ten percent (10%) or more of the shares  of
stock  represented at the meeting of stockholders at which  the directors are to
be elected.

TENTH:      This corporation may in its by-laws  make any  other  provisions  or
requirements  for the management or conduct of the business of this  corporation
provided the same be not inconsistent with the provisions of this Certificate or
contrary to the laws of the State of  Delaware,  and subject to the  limitations
upon amendment of by-laws contained in this Certificate of Incorporation.

ELEVENTH:   This  corporation  reserves  the  right  to amend,  alter, change or
repeal  any provision  contained  in  this Certificate  of Incorporation  in the
manner now  or hereafter prescribed by law and all rights conferred on officers,
directors, and stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.

TWELFTH:    A. director of the corporation shall not be personally liable to the
corporation  or its  stockholders  for monetary  damages for breach of fiduciary
duty as a director,  except for  liability  (i) for any breach of the  directors
duty of  loyalty  to the  corporation  or its  stockholders,  (ii)  for  acts or
omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing
violation of law,  (iii) under Section 174 of the Delaware  General  Corporation























                                      - 8 -



Law, or (iv) for any  transaction  from which the  director  derived an improper
personal  benefit.  If the Delaware  General  Corporation  Law is amended  after
approval by the  stockholders  of this Article to authorize  corporation  action
further  eliminating or limiting the personal  liability of directors,  then the
liability of a director of the corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the
fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as so amended.

            B. No modification or repeal of the provisions of this Article shall
adversely  affect  any right or  protection of any  director of  the corporation
existing at the date of such  modification or repeal or create any liability  or
adversely affect any such right or protection  for any acts or omissions of such
director occurring prior to such modification or repeal.

        IN WITNESS WHEREOF,  said  CITIZENS  UTILITIES  COMPANY  has caused this
Certificate  to be  signed  by  Edward O.  Kipperman,  its Vice  President,  and
attested by Charles J. Weiss, its Secretary, on this 2nd day of July, 1998.

                                                 CITIZENS UTILITIES COMPANY

                                                 By:____________________________

                                                        Edward O. Kipperman
                                                        Vice President

ATTEST:


By:_________________________

       Charles J. Weiss
       Secretary























                                     - 9 -