AMENDED AND RESTATED

                         CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF

                                     DYNCORP

FIRST:  The name of the corporation is DynCorp.

SECOND: Its registered office in the State of Delaware is located at 1209 Orange
Street, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle. The name and address of
its registered  agent are The  Corporation  Trust  Company,  1209 Orange Street,
Wilmington, Delaware 19801.

THIRD:  The nature of the  business,  or objects or purposes  to be  transacted,
promoted  or carried on are to engage in any  lawful act or  activity  for which
corporations may be organized under the General  Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware (the "DGCL").

FOURTH:  The total number of shares of capital stock which the corporation shall
have  authority  to issue is  20,123,711  shares,  consisting  of two classes of
capital stock:

                (i) 123,711 shares of Class C Convertible Preferred Stock, par
value $0.10 per share (the "Class C Preferred Stock"); and

                (ii) 20,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.10 per
share (the "Common Stock").

         The  designations,  preferences,  powers,  qualifications,  special  or
relative  rights or privileges  of the Class C Preferred  Stock and Common Stock
shall be as follows:

         A.       Class C Preferred Stock

                  1. Rank. The shares of Class C Preferred Stock shall, upon the
liquidation,  dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the corporation,  rank
(i)  senior and prior to the  Common  Stock and to any other  class or series of
capital stock of the corporation hereafter issued unless the terms of such class
or series of capital stock of the corporation  specifi cally provide that shares
of such class or series  shall  rank prior to or on a parity  with the shares of
Class C Preferred Stock (shares of Common Stock and any other class or series of
capital stock of the corporation the terms of which do not specifically  provide
that shares of such class or series  shall rank prior to or on a parity with the
shares of Class C Preferred Stock are collectively referred to in this Section A
of Article FOURTH as the "Junior  Securities");  (ii) on a parity with any other
class or series of capital stock of the  corporation  hereafter  issued for fair
value as determined  by the Board of Directors  the terms of which  specifically
provide  that  shares of such class or series  shall  rank on a parity  with the
shares  of  Class  C  Preferred  Stock  (shares  of such  class  or  series  are
collectively  referred  to in this  Section A of Article  FOURTH as the  "Parity
Securities");  and (iii)  junior to any class or series of capital  stock of the
corporation  hereafter  issued  with the consent of the holders of a majority of
the outstanding  shares of Class C Preferred Stock pursuant to subparagraph  (c)
of paragraph 5 hereof the terms of which specifically
provide that shares of such class or series shall rank senior to shares of Class
C  Preferred  Stock  (shares  of any  class or series  of  capital  stock of the
corporation  hereafter  issued the terms of which  provide  that  shares of such
class or  series  shall  rank  prior to shares  of Class C  Preferred  Stock are
collectively  referred  to in this  Section A of Article  FOURTH as the  "Senior
Securities").

           2.       Dividends.

                    (a)      From and after the date of issuance, the holders of
outstanding  shares of Class C  Preferred  Stock  shall be  entitled to receive,
when,  as and if declared  by the Board of  Directors,  to the extent  permitted
under the DGCL,  cumulative cash dividends in the amount of $4.365 per annum per
share of Class C Preferred  Stock.  Dividends on  outstanding  shares of Class C
Preferred  Stock  shall be fully  cumulative  and shall  accrue,  whether or not
declared,  from the  respective  dates of  issuance  of such  shares  of Class C
Preferred  Stock  until  paid.   Accumulated  unpaid  dividends  shall  compound
quarterly from each March 31, June 30,  September 30 and December 31 at the rate
of 18% per  annum.  For  purposes  of this  paragraph  2(a),  shares  of Class C
Preferred Stock issued by the corporation upon the consummation of the merger of
DME Holdings, Inc. into DynCorp shall be deemed to have been issued on March 11,
1988.  Dividends shall be computed on the basis of a 365-day year and the actual
number of days elapsed.

                   (b)     Accumulated and unpaid dividends shall be declared by
the Board of Directors and paid to the holders of record of  outstanding  shares
of Class C Preferred  Stock on each dividend  payment date selected by the Board
of  Directors  of the  corporation  (each such date is  referred  to herein as a
"Common Dividend Payment Date") for payment of cash dividends on any outstanding
shares of Common Stock.  On each Common  Dividend  Payment Date,  each holder of
outstanding  shares of Class C  Preferred  Stock  shall be  entitled  to receive
dividends on its shares of Class C Preferred Stock in an aggregate  amount equal
to the aggregate  amount of dividends  that such holder would have been entitled
to receive if all of such  holder's  shares of Class C Preferred  Stock had been
converted to Common  Stock  pursuant to paragraph 4 of this Section A of Article
FOURTH  immediately  prior to the payment of such  dividend,  provided  that the
aggregate  amount of such dividends  shall not in any event exceed the aggregate
amount of accrued and unpaid  dividends  computed in accordance  with  paragraph
2(a) of this Section A of Article Fourth. Such dividends shall be payable to the
holders  of record of  outstanding  shares of Class C  Preferred  Stock as their
names shall appear on the stock register of the corporation on such record date,
not more than sixty or less than ten days preceding  each such Dividend  Payment
Date,  as shall be fixed by the Board of Directors in advance of payment of each
such  dividend.  All  dividends  shall  be  paid  pro  rata  to the  holders  of
outstanding shares of Class C Preferred Stock entitled thereto.
 Dividends shall not be declared or paid with respect to Class C Preferred Stock
except in  connection  with the payment of dividends on Common Stock as provided
in this paragraph 2(b).

               (c)     Dividends shall not be paid on the outstanding shares of
Class C Preferred Stock for any period in which dividends for the current or any
prior  period or mandatory  redemption  payments due in the current or any prior
period have not been paid in full on any outstanding Senior Securities.

               (d)      Subject to the foregoing provisions of this paragraph 2,
the Board of Directors may declare and the corporation may pay or set apart
for payment dividends and other distributions on any Parity Securities or
Junior Securities and may purchase or otherwise acquire any Parity Securities or
Junior  Securities or any convertible  securities,  warrants,  rights,  calls or
options  exercisable  for or  convertible  into any Parity  Securities or Junior
Securities  and the holders of  outstanding  shares of Class C  Preferred  Stock
shall not be entitled to share therein.

        3.     Liquidation.

               (a)      In the event of any voluntary or involuntary
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the corporation, before
any  distribution  or payment  shall be made to the  holders of any  outstanding
Junior  Securities,   subject  to  the  rights  of  creditors,  the  holders  of
outstanding  shares of Class C Preferred  Stock shall be entitled to be paid out
of the assets of the corporation available for distribution to stockholders,  an
amount in cash equal to $24.25 per share,  together with an amount in cash equal
to all  accrued  but unpaid  dividends  on such shares to the date fixed for the
liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding  up of the  affairs  of the  corporation;
provided,  however,  that the holders of outstanding shares of Class C Preferred
Stock shall not be entitled to receive such  preferential  liquidation  payments
until the preferential liquidation payments on all outstanding Senior Securities
have  been paid in full.  Except  as  provided  in the  first  sentence  of this
paragraph,  the holders of outstanding  shares of Class C Preferred  Stock shall
not be entitled to any distribution in the event of the liquidation, dissolution
or winding up of the affairs of the corporation. If, upon any such liqui dation,
dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the  corporation,  the assets of the
corporation  available for distribution to the holders of outstanding  shares of
Class C Preferred Stock and outstanding  Parity Securities shall be insufficient
to permit the  payment in full to such  holders and to the holders of any Parity
Securities of the full amount of the preferential  liquidation  amounts to which
they are then entitled,  the entire assets of the corporation thus distributable
shall  be  distributed  among  the  holders  of  outstanding  shares  of Class C
Preferred Stock and Parity  Securities  ratably in proportion to the full amount
to which such holders would otherwise be entitled if such assets were sufficient
to permit  payment in full.  After the payment of all  preferential  liquidation
amounts to which the holders of  outstanding  shares of Class C Preferred  Stock
shall  be  entitled,   such  holders  shall  not  be  entitled  to  any  further
participation  in any  distribution  of the  assets  of the  corporation  to its
stockholders.

               (b)      For purposes of this paragraph 3, neither the voluntary
sale, conveyance, exchange or transfer (for cash, shares of stock, securities or
other  consideration)  of all or substantially  all of the property or assets of
the corporation nor the  consolidation or merger of the corporation with or into
any  other  corporation  shall  be  deemed  to  be a  voluntary  or  involuntary
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the corporation, unless
such  voluntary  sale,  conveyance,  exchange or transfer shall be in connection
with a plan of  liquidation,  dissolution  or winding  up of the  affairs of the
corporation.

       4.     Conversion.

              (a)      From and after the date of issuance, each share of
Class C  Preferred  Stock  shall be  convertible,  at the  option of the  holder
thereof, into one fully paid and nonassessable share of Common Stock, subject to
adjustment as hereinafter set forth in subparagraph (d) of this paragraph 4 and,
to the extent provided in  subparagraph  (e) of this paragraph 4, into a warrant
or option to purchase shares of Common Stock.

              (b)      To exercise such conversion option, the holder of shares
of Class C Preferred  Stock shall  surrender  the  certificate  or  certificates
representing  the  shares  of  Class C  Preferred  Stock to be  converted,  duly
endorsed for transfer to the corporation,  at the principal  executive office of
the corporation and shall give written notice,  postage prepaid, by certified or
registered  mail,  return  receipt  requested,  or  by  hand  delivery,  to  the
corporation at its principal executive office, of the election of such holder to
convert all or a portion of the shares of Class C Preferred Stock represented by
the  certificate or certificates  surrendered  into shares of Common Stock which
notice  shall  set  forth  the  name  or  names  in  which  the  certificate  or
certificates  representing  the  shares  of  Common  Stock  to  be  issued  upon
conversion are to be issued. Conversion shall be deemed to have been effected on
the date of receipt by the  corporation  of such notice and the  certificate  or
certificates  to be  surrendered  for conversion  (the  "Conversion  Date").  As
promptly as practicable  thereafter,  the corporation shall issue to or upon the
written order of such holder,  (i) a certificate or certificates  for the number
of full  shares of Common Stock to which such holder is entitled and (ii) a
certificate or certificates or other  appropriate  instrument  representing  the
number of warrants and or options, if any, to which such holder is entitled. The
conversion  of shares of Class C  Preferred  Stock into  shares of Common  Stock
shall be  deemed to be  effective  and such  holder,  or the  person or  persons
designated by such holder,  shall be deemed to have become a holder of record of
the shares of Common Stock  issuable  upon  conversion of such shares of Class C
Preferred  Stock at the beginning of business on the applicable  Conversion Date
unless the transfer books of the  corporation  are closed on such date, in which
event  such  holder  shall be  deemed  to have  become a holder of record of the
shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of the shares of Class C Preferred
Stock on the next succeeding date on which the transfer books of the corporation
are open.  Upon  conversion of only a portion of the number of shares of Class C
Preferred  Stock  represented by a certificate or  certificates  surrendered for
conversion, the corporation shall issue and deliver to or upon the written order
of  the  holder  of  the  certificate  or  certificates  so  surrendered  a  new
certificate  or  certificates  representing  the  number  of  shares  of Class C
Preferred Stock not so converted.

                (c)      No fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued
upon  conversion  of  shares  of Class C  Preferred  Stock.  In lieu of  issuing
fractional shares of Common Stock upon conversion of shares of Class C Preferred
Stock, the corporation shall pay a cash adjustment in respect of such fractional
shares of Common Stock equal to the fair market value thereof,  as determined in
good faith by the Board of Directors of the corporation.  The corporation  shall
at all times  reserve and keep  available  out of its  authorized  but  unissued
shares of Common Stock,  solely for the purpose of effecting  the  conversion of
outstanding  shares of Class C  Preferred  Stock,  the full  number of shares of
Common Stock  deliverable upon the conversion of all shares of Class C Preferred
Stock from time to time outstanding.

               (d)      The number of shares of Common Stock into which a share
of Class C Preferred Stock shall be convertible as set forth in subparagraph (a)
of this  paragraph  4,  shall be  subject  to  adjustment  from  time to time as
follows:

                         (i)     In case the corporation shall at any time
subdivide  its  outstanding  shares of Common Stock or shall issue a dividend or
other distribution payable in shares of Common Stock, then effective
immediately  after the effective date of such  subdivision or from and after the
record date fixed by the Board of Directors of the corporation for such dividend
or other distribution,  as the case may be, the number of shares of Common Stock
issuable upon conversion of a share of Class C Preferred Stock shall be adjusted
to equal the sum of (A) that  number of shares  of Common  Stock  issuable  upon
conversion of a share of Class C Preferred Stock  immediately prior to such date
and (B) that  number of shares of Common  Stock as would have been  issuable  on
such shares as a result of such  subdivision,  dividend or distribution,  as the
case may be, had such conversion occurred immediately prior to such subdivision,
dividend or distribution;

                      (ii)    In case the corporation shall at any time combine
its outstanding  shares of Common Stock,  then effective  immediately  after the
effective date of such combination the number of shares of Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of a share of Class C Preferred Stock shall be adjusted to equal
the number obtained by multiplying the number of shares of Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of a share of Class C Preferred Stock  immediately prior to such
date by the Combination  Ratio (as hereinafter  defined).  The Combination Ratio
shall equal a fraction,  the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of
Common Stock issuable on such shares as a result of such  combination,  had such
conversion occurred immediately prior to such combination and the denominator of
which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon  conversion of
a share of Class C Preferred Stock immediately prior to such combination.

                     (iii)            In case the corporation shall at any time
recapitalize or reclassify its capital stock, or in case of any consolidation or
merger  of  the  corporation  with  or  into  any  other  person  (other  than a
consolidation  or merger in which the  corporation is the continuing  entity and
which does not result in any change in the capital stock of the  corporation) or
in case of the sale or other  disposition of all or substantially all the assets
of the  corporation  as an entirety to any other person,  then in each such case
each   outstanding   share  of  Class  C   Preferred   Stock  shall  after  such
recapitalization,   reclassification,   consolidation,  merger,  sale  or  other
disposition be  convertible  into the kind and number of shares of capital stock
or other securities or assets of the corporation or of the entity resulting from
such  consolidation  or surviving such merger or to which such assets shall have
been sold or otherwise  disposed of to which the holder  thereof would have been
entitled  if  immediately  prior  to  such  recapitalization,  reclassification,
consolidation,  merger,  sale or other disposition such holder had converted its
shares of Class C Preferred Stock. The provisions set forth above shall apply to
successive recapitalizations, reclassifications, consoli dations, mergers, sales
or other dispositions.

            (e)      In the case the corporation shall, at any time, make a
distribution  to the holders of Common  Stock of warrants or options to purchase
shares of Common Stock, then,  effective from and after the record date fixed by
the  Board of  Directors  of the  corporation  for such  distribution,  upon the
conversion of a share of Class C Preferred Stock, the holder of such share shall
be entitled to receive,  in addition to any shares of Common Stock issuable upon
such conversion, warrant(s) or option(s) (the "Conversion Warrants") to purchase
that number of shares of Common Stock as would have been purchasable pursuant to
the warrant(s) or option(s) that such holder would have been entitled to receive
had the conversion  occurred  immediately prior to such distribution;  provided,
however, the number of shares issuable upon exercise of such Conversion Warrants
shall be adjusted upon issuance of such Conversion Warrants in
accordance with the terms thereof to reflect all such  adjustments as would have
been made if such  Conversion  Warrants  had been issued on the date of original
distribution  of warrants or options to the  holders of Common  Stock.  Any such
Conversion  Warrants  shall have terms  identical to the terms of the applicable
warrants  or  options  previously  issued to the  holders  of Common  Stock (the
"Underlying  Warrants"),   provided  that  such  Conversion  Warrants  shall  be
exercisable, commencing on the date of their issuance pursuant to this paragraph
4, for a number of years  equal to the total  number of years  during  which the
Underlying  Warrants  are or were  exercisable;  and  provided  further that the
exercise  price  per  share  of  Common  Stock  issuable  upon  exercise  of the
Conversion Warrants shall, so long as any Underlying Warrants remain outstanding
and in  effect,  be equal to the  exercise  price per  Common  Share  under such
Underlying  Warrants,  and thereafter  shall be adjusted in accordance  with the
terms of the Conversion Warrants.

             (f)      Upon the occurrence of any event described in
subparagraph  (d) or (e) of this  paragraph 4, the  corporation  shall  promptly
furnish to each holder of Class C Preferred Stock a certificate of an officer of
the  corporation  setting  forth the  number of  shares of Common  Stock  and/or
Conversion  Warrants issuable upon conversion of such holder's Class C Preferred
Stock after all adjustments required by such subparagraph (d) or (e) and a brief
statement of the facts accounting for such adjustment.

            (g)      All shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of
shares of Class C Preferred  Stock  shall,  upon  issuance,  be duly and validly
issued,  fully paid and nonassessable  and free from all liens and charges.  All
accrued and unpaid  dividends on outstanding  shares of Class C Preferred  Stock
surrendered for conversion shall be forfeited.

       5.       Voting Rights.

                (a)      So long as any shares of Class C Preferred Stock are
outstanding,  the holders of shares of Class C Preferred Stock shall be entitled
(voting,  except with respect to those matters  enumerated below in subparagraph
(d) of this  paragraph 5,  together  with the holders of  outstanding  shares of
Common Stock of the  corporation as a class) to vote on or otherwise  consent to
any matter  requiring the voter consent of the  stockholders  of the corporation
under the laws of the State of Delaware.

               (b)      Each holder of outstanding shares of Class C Preferred
Stock shall be  entitled  to one vote for each share of Class C Preferred  Stock
held of record by such holder on the record date fixed by the Board of Directors
of the corporation for determining the stockholders of the corporation  entitled
to vote or otherwise consent to any matter.

              (c)      So long as any shares of Class C Preferred Stock are
outstanding,  the corporation will not, without the affirmative  consent or vote
at an annual or special  meeting of  stockholders  of the  holders of at least a
majority  of the  outstanding  shares  of  Class C  Preferred  Stock  (excluding
treasury shares and shares held by subsidiaries of the corporation), voting as a
class,  create any class or series of capital stock ranking prior to the Class C
Preferred  Stockas  to  dividends,  mandatory  redemption  payments  or upon the
liquidation,  dissolution  or winding up of the affairs of the  corporation,  or
amend, alter or repeal the corporation's  Certificate of Incorporation to affect
adversely the powers,  rights or  preferences of the shares of Class C Preferred
Stock.

             (d)      So long as any shares of Class C Preferred Stock are
outstanding,  the affirmative consent or vote at an annual or special meeting of
stockholders (or, in lieu of such a meeting, the written consent) of the holders
of at least a majority  of the  outstanding  shares of Class C  Preferred  Stock
(excluding  treasury  shares),  voting  as a class,  shall be  required  for the
corporation to, or to permit any of its subsidiaries to:

                       (i)     directly or indirectly, create, incur, assume,
guarantee or otherwise  become liable with respect to indebtedness  for borrowed
money in an aggregate  amount  outstanding  at any time in excess of $15,000,000
other than (A)  indebtedness  evidenced by 16% Pay-in-Kind  Junior  Subordinated
Debentures  Due  2003,   including  in-kind  dividends  thereon;  (B)  unsecured
indebtedness  between  the  corporation  and its  subsidiaries  incurred  in the
ordinary course of the corporation's  cash management  system;  (C) indebtedness
not to exceed the  principal  amount of  $150,000,000  issued by a wholly  owned
financing subsidiary of the corporation and secured by accounts receivable;  and
(D)  indebtedness  of the corporation  incurred as a result of promissory  notes
issued as payment for shares of stock  repurchased or redeemed upon the exercise
of put options by  beneficiaries of the  corporation's  Employee Stock Ownership
Plan;

                       (ii)    directly or indirectly, create, incur, assume,
guarantee or otherwise become or remain liable with respect to (A) any agreement
for the  lease,  hire or use of any real or  personal  property  required  to be
characterized  as a  capital  lease  in  accordance  with  general  ly  accepted
accounting  principles in an amount in excess of $2,000,000 or (B) any agreement
for the  lease,  hire or use of any real or  personal  property  required  to be
characterized  as an  operating  lease in  accordance  with  generally  accepted
accounting  principles  in an amount  payable  during  the term of such lease in
excess of $2,000,000;

                       (iii)            issue shares of capital stock (common or
preferred),  capital  stock  equivalents,  securities  convertible  into capital
stock, or options, warrants, or other rights to acquire capital stock; provided,
however,  that the  corporation may (A) issue shares of Common Stock pursuant to
the terms of warrants outstanding as of May 15, 1995; (B) issue shares of Common
Stock upon the conversion of Class C Preferred  Stock  pursuant to  subparagraph
(a) of  paragraph 4 of Section A of this  Article  FOURTH;  (C) issue  shares of
Common Stock pursuant to the terms of warrants issued pursuant  subparagraph (e)
of  paragraph  4 of Section A of this  Article  FOURTH;  (D) issue up to 850,000
shares of Common Stock as matching shares pursuant to the corporation's  Savings
and  Retirement  Plan;  (E) issue up to  100,000  shares of Common  Stock as the
discount  portion of the  purchase  price of shares  purchased  pursuant  to the
corporation's  Employee Stock Purchase Plan; (F) issue up to 1,200,000 shares of
Common Stock pursuant to the corporation's 1995 Stock Option Plan; and (G) issue
up to 300,000  shares of Common  Stock in lieu of cash  bonuses  pursuant to the
corporation's Executive Incentive Plan;

                       (iv)    declare, make or pay any dividends on any shares
of capital stock, by any means  whatsoever,  or purchase,  redeem,  or otherwise
acquire,  any shares of its capital  stock,  or set aside any funds for any such
purpose;  provided,  however,  that the corporation may (A) pay dividends on the
Class C Preferred  Stock in accordance  with the  applicable  provisions of this
Article FOURTH, (B) pay liabilities related to the surrender of certificates for
capital stock  previously  redeemed or canceled,  (C) repurchase,  as and to the
extent  required  by law or  contractual  obligation,  shares  of  Common  Stock
distributed by the
corporation's  Employee Stock  Ownership Plan to  participants in such plan, (D)
repurchase  shares of Common Stock held by employees of the  corporation  (other
than  shares  distributed  to  employees  by the  corporation's  Employee  Stock
Ownership Plan),  provided that the aggregate cost of such repurchases  pursuant
to  this  clause  D  shall  not  exceed  $250,000  in  any  fiscal  year  of the
corporation,  and (E) convert  shares of Class C Preferred  Stock into shares of
Common  Stock  and  warrants  or  options  in  accordance  with  the  applicable
provisions of this Article FOURTH;

                     (v)     employ or terminate the employment of the chief
executive  officer  or the chief  operating  officer of the  corporation  or any
executive officer reporting  directly to either of them, or materially alter the
terms of any employment  agreement or other  arrangement with the corporation of
such officer or officers;

                    (vi)    directly or indirectly, lend any amount to, incur
any  indebtedness  to, or enter into any  contracts  material to its business or
operations with, any of its officers or directors, any of its sharehold ers, any
member of the immediate families of such officers, directors or shareholders, or
any firm or  corporation  in which  such  persons  have an  ownership  interest;
provided  that the  corporation  may make  advances and loans to officers in the
ordinary course of business in an aggregate  amount  outstanding at any time not
to exceed  $1,500,000  and may incur  indebtedness  to officers in the  ordinary
course  of  business  in form of  deferred  compensation  and  accrued  vacation
compensation;

                   (vii)    sell, lease, license, transfer or cause or permit
the sale,  lease,  license or transfer of the assets of the  corporation  or its
subsidiaries  (other  than  inventory  in the  ordinary  course of  business  or
uneconomic  or obsolete  equipment  in the  ordinary  course of business) if the
aggregate  book  value of such  assets,  when  added to all other  assets  sold,
leased,  licensed or transferred (excluding sales described in the parenthetical
clause above) within the four  consecutive  preceding  fiscal  quarters  exceeds
$2,000,000;

                  (viii)    acquire, whether by purchase, lease, license,
merger, joint venture or otherwise, any assets (other than inventory,  materials
and  equipment in the ordinary  course of  business) if the cost  thereof,  when
added to the cost of all  other  assets  acquired  during  the four  consecutive
preceding fiscal quarters, exceeds $2,000,000; or

                  (ix)    alter or repeal those provisions of the By-Laws of
the  corporation  which  pertain  generally  to the  election  and duties of the
directors  of the  corporation  or which  affect  the  rights  and powers of the
shareholders of the corporation.

         B.       Common Stock

                  1. Rank.  The Common Stock shall,  with respect to the payment
of dividends and upon the liquidation,  dissolution or winding up of the affairs
of the corporation,  rank (i) senior and prior to any class or series of capital
stock of the  corporation  hereafter  issued  the  terms  of which  specifically
provide  that shares of such class or series  shall rank junior to the shares of
Common  Stock  (shares of such class or series are  collectively  referred to in
this Section B of Article FOURTH as the "Junior  Securities");  (ii) on a parity
with and any other class or series of capital stock of the corporation hereafter
issued  the terms of which  specifically  provide  that  shares of such class or
series  shall rank on a parity with the shares of Common  Stock  (shares of such
class or series are
collectively  referred  to in this  Section B of Article  FOURTH as the  "Parity
Securities");  and (iii) junior to the shares of Class C Preferred  Stock and to
any other class or series of capital stock of the corporation  hereafter  issued
unless  the terms of such class or series of  capital  stock of the  corporation
specifically provide that shares of such series or class shall rank junior to or
on a parity with shares of Common Stock  (shares of Class C Preferred  Stock and
any other class or series of capital stock of the corporation  hereafter  issued
the terms of which do not  specifically  provide  that  shares of such  class or
series  shall rank junior to or on a parity with the shares of Common  Stock are
collectively  referred  in this  Section  B of  Article  FOURTH  as the  "Senior
Securities").


         2.     Dividends.

                (a)      From and after the date of issuance, the holders of
outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if
declared by the Board of Directors, to the extent permitted under the DGCL, cash
dividends on each  dividend  payment date  selected by the Board of Directors of
the  corporation  (each such date is referred  to herein as a "Dividend  Payment
Date"),  in such  amounts  as the  Board of  Directors  shall  from time to time
determine;  provided, however, that no dividends on outstanding shares of Common
Stock shall be declared or paid unless,  concurrently  with such  declaration or
payment,  dividends in an equal amount per share are also  declared or paid,  as
the case may be, on any outstanding Parity  Securities.  Such dividends shall be
payable to the holders of record of outstanding  shares of Common Stock as their
names shall appear on the stock register of the corporation on such record date,
not more than sixty or less than ten days preceding  each such Dividend  Payment
Date,  as shall be fixed by the Board of Directors in advance of payment of each
such dividend.  All dividends  shall be paid pro rata to the holders of outstand
ing shares of Common Stock entitled thereto.

               (b)      Dividends shall not be paid on the outstanding shares of
Common  Stock for any  period in which  dividends  for the  current or any prior
period or mandatory  redemption  payments due in the current or any prior period
have  not been  paid in full on any  outstanding  Senior  Securities,  or,  with
respect  to the Class C  Preferred  Stock,  unless  dividends  thereon  are paid
concurrently with such payment in accordance with paragraph 2(a) of Section A of
this Article FOURTH.

         3.       Liquidation.

                  In the  event of any  voluntary  or  involuntary  liquidation,
dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the  corporation,  after the payment
of all  preferential  liquidation  payments on  outstanding  Senior  Securities,
subject to rights of  creditors,  the  holders of  outstanding  shares of Common
Stock,  the holders of any warrants  exercisable  for shares of Common Stock (to
the extent the terms of such warrants entitle the holders thereof to receive any
assets of the  corporation  available  for  distribution)  and any other  Parity
Securities  shall be entitled to receive  the entire  assets of the  corporation
available  for  distribution  to such holders.  Each such holder of  outstanding
shares of Common  Stock shall be entitled to receive  that portion of the assets
of the  corporation  available  for  distribution  which the number of shares of
Common  Stock held by such holder  bears to the total number of shares of Common
Stock and shares of any Parity  Securities  outstanding on the effective date of
such  voluntary or  involuntary  liquidation,  dissolution  or winding up of the
affairs of the corporation.

                 4. Voting Rights.  The holders of shares of Common Stock shall
be entitled to vote on or otherwise  consent to any matter requiring the vote or
consent of the  stockholders of the  corporation  under the laws of the State of
Delaware. Each holder of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to
one vote for each  share of Common  Stock  held of record by such  holder on the
record date fixed by the Board of Directors of the  corporation  for determining
the  stockholders  of the corporation  entitled to vote or otherwise  consent to
such matter.

FIFTH:            The corporation is to have perpetual existence.

SIXTH:  The private property of the stockholders shall not be
subject to the payment of corporate debts to any extent whatever.

SEVENTH:  In furtherance, and not in limitation of the powers
conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized:

                  To make, alter or repeal the By-Laws of the corporation;

                  To authorize and cause to be executed mortgages and liens upon
the real and personal property of the corporation; and

                  To set  apart  out of any  of  the  funds  of the  corporation
available  for  dividends  a reserve or  reserves  for any proper  purpose or to
abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.

                  By resolution or resolutions passed by a majority of the whole
Board of  Directors  to  designate  one or more  committees,  each  committee to
consist of two or more of the directors of the corporation,  which to the extent
provided in said resolution or resolutions or in the By-Laws of the corporation,
shall  have  and may  exercise  the  powers  of the  Board of  Directors  in the
management of the business and affairs of the corporation, and may have power to
authorize  the seal of the  corporation  to be affixed  to all papers  which may
require it. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be
stated in the By-Laws of the  corporation  or as may be determined  from time to
time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.

                  When and as authorized by the affirmative  vote of the holders
of a majority of the capital  stock issued and  outstanding  having voting power
given at a stockholders meeting duly called for that purpose, or when authorized
by the written  consent of the holders of a majority of the voting  stock issued
and  outstanding,  to sell,  lease or exchange all of the property and assets of
the corporation, including its good will and its corporate franchises, upon such
terms and  conditions  and for such  consideration,  which may be in whole or in
part shares of stock in, and/or other  securities  of, any other  corporation or
corporations,  as its Board of Directors  shall deem  expedient and for the best
interests of the corporation.

                  The  corporation  may in its  By-Laws  confer  powers upon its
Board of Directors in addition to the  foregoing,  and in addition to the powers
and authorities expressly conferred upon it by statute.

EIGHTH: Meetings of stockholders may be held outside the State of Delaware, if
the By-Laws so provide. The books of the corporation may be kept (subject to any
provision contained in the statutes) outside of the State of Delaware at such
place or places as may be from time to time designated by the Board of
Directors.

NINTH:  The  corporation  reserves the right to amend,  alter,
change or repeal any provision  contained in this Certificate of  Incorporation,
in the manner now or hereafter  prescribed by statute,  and all rights conferred
upon stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.


TENTH:  No  stockholder  of this  corporation  shall  have any
preemptive or preferential right, nor shall any stockholder be entitled as such,
as a matter  of  right,  to  subscribe  for or  purchase  any part of any new or
additional  issue of capital stock of the corporation of any class,  whether now
or hereafter  authorized,  and whether  issued for money or for a  consideration
other than money, or of any issue of securities or obligations  convertible into
stock.


ELEVENTH:  In all  elections of  directors of the  corporation
each holder of a share of Class C Preferred  Stock of the  corporation  and each
holder of a share of Common  Stock of the  corporation  entitled to vote for the
election  of  directors  shall be  entitled  to as many votes as shall equal the
number of votes which, except for the provisions of this Article ELEVENTH,  such
holder would be entitled to cast for the  election of directors  with respect to
the number of shares of Class C Preferred Stock or Common Stock, as the case may
be, held by such holder which are eligible to so vote  multiplied  by the number
of directors to be elected. Each holder of shares of Class C Preferred Stock and
each  holder of a share of Common  Stock  entitled  to vote for the  election of
directors  may cast all of such votes for a single  director  or may  distribute
such votes among the number of  directors  to be elected,  or any two or more of
them,  as such  holder  sees fit.  No  director so elected may be removed by the
stockholders  of the  corporation if the votes cast against his removal would be
sufficient  to elect him at an election at which the same total  number of votes
were cast in favor of such director and the entire Board of Directors,  or class
of directors of which such director is a member, were then being elected.


TWELFTH: The property, business and affairs of the corporation
shall be managed and controlled by the Board of Directors.  Subject to the other
provisions  of this  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  providing for the
expansion of the number of directors  constituting  the whole Board of Directors
in certain  circumstances,  the number of directors of the corporation shall not
be less than nine (9), nor more than twelve (12),  the exact number of directors
to be  determined  from time to time by  resolution  of a majority  of the whole
Board of  Directors,  and such exact  number  shall be nine (9) until  otherwise
determined by resolution  adopted by affirmative vote of a majority of the whole
Board of  Directors.  As used  herein,  the term "whole  Board"  means the total
number of directors which the corporation would have if there were no vacancies.
The Board of Directors shall be divided into three classes, as nearly equal
in number as the then total  number of  directors  constituting  the whole Board
permits,  with the term of office of one class  expiring each year.  The initial
term of  office  of  directors  of the  first  class  shall  expire  at the next
succeeding  annual meeting of stockholders of the corporation;  the initial term
of office of directors of the second class shall expire at the second succeeding
annual  meeting of  stockholders  of the  corporation;  and the initial  term of
office of  directors  of the third  class shall  expire at the third  succeeding
annual meeting of  stockholders  of the  corporation.  At the conclusion of each
term,  nominated  directors of the class whose term of office has expired  shall
stand for election for a three year term. If the number of directors is changed,
any  increase  or  decrease  shall be  apportioned  among the  classes  so as to
maintain the number of directors in each class as nearly equal as possible,  and
any additional director of any class elected to fill a vacancy resulting from an
increase in such class shall hold office for a term that shall coincide with the
remaining  term of that  class,  but in no case will a decrease in the number of
directors  shorten the term of any  incumbent  director.  A director  shall hold
office until the annual meeting for the year in which his term expires and until
his successor  shall be elected and shall qualify,  subject,  however,  to prior
death,  resignation,  retirement,   disqualification  or  removal  from  office;
provided  further that the policy  regarding  mandatory  retirement of directors
shall be as established  by a majority of the whole Board of Directors,  and any
incumbent director reaching the mandatory  retirement age last established prior
to his most recent election to the Board of Directors shall be eligible to serve
only through the date he attains such mandatory  retirement  age  (regardless of
the remaining term of such incumbent director's class). Any vacancy on the Board
of Directors  that  results  from an increase in the number of directors  may be
filled by a majority  of the whole  Board of  Directors,  and any other  vacancy
occurring in the Board of  Directors  may be refilled by a majority of the whole
Board  of  Directors,  although  less  than a  quorum,  or by a  sole  remaining
director.

Any director  elected to fill a vacancy not  resulting  from an increase in the
number  of  directors  shall  have  the  same  remaining  term  as  that  of his
predecessor.


THIRTEENTH:  A  director  of  this  corporation  shall  not be personally liable
to the corporation or its  stockholders  for monetary damages
for breach of fiduciary duty as a director,  except that this Article THIRTEENTH
shall not  eliminate or limit a director's  liability  (i) for any breach of the
director s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts
or omissions  not in good faith or which  involve  intentional  misconduct  or a
knowing violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware,  or (iv) for any  transaction  from which the director
derived an improper  personal  benefit.  If the General  Corporation  Law of the
State of Delaware is amended after approval by the  stockholders of this Article
THIRTEENTH to authorize  corporate  action  further  eliminating or limiting the
personal  liability  of  directors,  then the  liability  of a  director  of the
corporation  shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest  extent  permitted by
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as so amended from time to
time. Any repeal or modification of this Article  THIRTEENTH  shall not increase
the  personal  liability  of any  director  of  this  corporation  or  otherwise
adversely  affect  any right or  protection  of a  director  of the  corporation
existing  at the time of such repeal or  modification.  The  provisions  of this
Article THIRTEENTH shall not be deemed to limit or preclude indemnification of a
director by the  corporation  for any liability of a director which has not been
eliminated by the provisions of this Article THIRTEENTH.

FOURTEENTH:  (a)  Each  person  who  was or is a  party  or is
threatened to be made a party to any  threatened,  pending or completed  action,
suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by
reason of the fact that he is or was a director  or officer of the  corporation,
or is or was serving at the request of the  corporation as a director,  officer,
employee or agent of another corporation,  partnership,  joint venture, trust or
other  enterprise,  including  service with respect to employee  benefit  plans,
whether the basis of such  proceeding is alleged action in an official  capacity
as a director, officer, employee or agent or in any other capacity while serving
as a  director,  officer,  employee  or  agent,  shall be  indemnified  and held
harmless by the corporation to the fullest extent authorized or permitted by the
General  Corporation  Law of the State of  Delaware,  as the same  exists or may
hereafter  be  amended,  against  all  expense,  liability  and loss  (including
attorneys fees,  judgments,  fines,  ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts
paid or to be paid in  settlement)  actually  and  reasonably  incurred  by such
person  in  connection   with  such  action,   suit  or  proceeding,   and  such
indemnification  shall  continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director,
officer,  employee  or agent  and  shall  inure  to the  benefit  of the  heirs,
executors and administrators of such person; provided,  however, that, except as
provided  in this  clause  (a) of  Article  FOURTEENTH,  the  corporation  shall
indemnify any such person seeking  indemnification in connection with an action,
suit or  proceeding  (or part  thereof)  initiated  by such  person only if such
action,  suit or  proceeding  (or part  thereof) was  authorized by the Board of
Directors of the  corporation.  The right to  indemnification  conferred in this
clause (a) of Article FOURTEENTH shall be a contract right and shall include the
right to be paid by the corporation the expenses  incurred in defending any such
action,  suit or  proceeding  in  advance  of its final  disposition;  provided,
however,  that if the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware requires,
the payment of such  expenses  incurred by a director or officer in his capacity
as  such in  advance  of the  final  disposition  of any  such  action,  suit or
proceeding  shall be made only upon receipt by the corporation of an undertaking
by or on behalf of such  director or officer to repay all amounts so advanced if
it shall  ultimately be determined that such director or officer is not entitled
to be indemnified under this clause (a) of Article FOURTEENTH or otherwise.  The
corporation may, by action of its Board of Directors, provide indemnification to
employees  and agents of the  corporation  with the same scope and effect as the
foregoing indemnification of directors and officers.

                  (b) If a claim under clause (a) of Article  FOURTEENTH  is not
paid in full by the  corporation  within  thirty days after a written  claim has
been received by the corporation,  the claimant may at any time thereafter bring
suit against the  corporation  to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and, if
successful in whole or in part,  the claimant  shall be entitled to be paid also
the expense of prosecuting  such claim. It shall be a defense to any such action
(other  than an action  brought  to  enforce a claim for  expenses  incurred  in
defending any proceeding in advance of its final  disposition where the required
undertaking,  if any is required, has been tendered to the corporation) that the
claimant has not met the  standards of conduct which make it  permissible  under
the General  Corporation  Law of the State of Delaware  for the  corporation  to
indemnify  the claimant for the amount  claimed,  but the burden of proving such
defense  shall be on the  corporation.  Neither the  failure of the  corporation
(including  its  Board  of  Directors,   independent   legal  counsel,   or  its
stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of
such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circum stances
because he has met the  applicable  standard of conduct set forth in the General
Corporation  Law of the State of Delaware,  nor an actual  determination  by the
corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its
stockholders) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct,
shall be a defense to the action or create a  presumption  that the claimant has
not met the applicable standard of conduct.

                  (c) The right to  indemnification  and the payment of expenses
incurred in defending a proceeding in advance of its final disposition set forth
herein  shall not be  exclusive  of any other right which any person may have or
hereafter   acquire  under  any  statute,   provision  of  the   Certificate  of
Incorporation,   By-Laws,  agreement,  vote  of  stockholders  or  disinterested
directors or otherwise.

                  (d) The corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to
protect itself and any director,  officer,  employee or agent of the corporation
or another corporation,  partnership,  joint venture,  trust or other enterprise
against any such  expense,  liability  or loss,  whether or not the  corporation
would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or
loss under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.