FORM 10-Q SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Quarter Ended Commission file number 1-6580 March 31, 2000 FIRST VIRGINIA BANKS, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Virginia 54-0497561 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification incorporation or organization) Number) 6400 Arlington Boulevard Falls Church, Virginia 22042-2336 (Address of principal executive (Zip Code) offices) Registrant's telephone number, including area code (703) 241-4000 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes __X__ No_____ Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date. On April 30, 2000, there were 47,432,488 shares of common stock outstanding. This report contains a total of 20 pages. 1 INDEX Page --------- PART I - Financial Information Item 1. Financial Statements Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - March 31, 2000 and 1999, and December 31, 1999 (Unaudited) 3/ 4 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income - Three months ended March 31, 2000 and 1999 (Unaudited) 5/ 6 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity - Three months ended March 31, 2000 and 1999 (Unaudited) 7/ 8 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Three months ended March 31, 2000 and 1999 (Unaudited) 9 Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) 10/13 Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 13/18 Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 19 PART II - Other Information Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K Signatures 20 Exhibit 3(ii) - Bylaws (Included in original SEC filing only) Exhibit 27 - Financial Data Schedule (Included in original SEC filing only) 2 PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) March 31 December 31 March 31 2000 1999 1999 ---------- ---------- ---------- (In thousands) ASSETS Cash and due from banks $ 305,227 $ 441,825 $ 359,388 Money market investments 160,471 110,598 245,067 ---------- ---------- ---------- Total cash and cash equivalents 465,698 552,423 604,455 ---------- ---------- ---------- Loans held for sale 8,450 5,558 10,580 Securities - available for sale 114,950 116,401 17,122 Securities - held to maturity (fair values of $1,994,724, $1,876,571 and $2,405,810) 2,047,834 1,918,387 2,403,099 Loans, net of unearned income 6,410,181 6,385,400 6,004,017 Allowance for loan losses (70,225) (70,119) (66,200) ---------- ---------- ---------- Net loans 6,339,956 6,315,281 5,937,817 ---------- ---------- ---------- Other earning assets 18,305 23,125 23,123 Premises and equipment 154,807 156,171 158,043 Intangible assets 166,722 170,358 181,354 Accrued income and other assets 199,988 194,109 205,321 ---------- ---------- ---------- Total Assets $9,516,710 $9,451,813 $9,540,914 ========== ========== ========== 3 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)(Continued) March 31 December 31 March 31 2000 1999 1999 ---------- ---------- ---------- (In thousands) LIABILITIES Deposits: Noninterest-bearing $1,619,642 $1,546,794 $1,598,379 Interest-bearing: Interest checking 1,534,168 1,516,246 1,477,151 Money market accounts 971,365 953,224 992,647 Savings deposits 1,069,198 1,064,799 1,148,087 Consumer certificates of deposit 2,291,101 2,314,245 2,373,928 Large denomination certificates of deposit 467,729 468,640 432,387 ---------- ---------- ---------- Total deposits 7,953,203 7,863,948 8,022,579 Short-term borrowings 413,593 420,297 349,093 Long-term debt 1,940 2,205 2,971 Accrued interest and other liabilities 141,887 134,876 146,933 ---------- ---------- ---------- Total Liabilities 8,510,623 8,421,326 8,521,576 ---------- ---------- ---------- SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Preferred stock, $10 par value 481 485 502 Common stock, $1 par value 48,014 49,162 50,125 Capital surplus - - 5,074 Retained earnings 959,900 982,357 962,938 Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (2,308) (1,517) 699 ---------- ---------- ---------- Total Shareholders' Equity 1,006,087 1,030,487 1,019,338 ---------- ---------- ---------- Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity $9,516,710 $9,451,813 $9,540,914 ========== ========== ========== See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements. 4 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited) Three Months Ended March 31 2000 1999 -------- -------- (In thousands, except per-share data) Interest income: Loans $125,869 $125,309 Loans held for sale 105 231 Securities - available for sale 1,535 224 Securities - held to maturity 25,818 29,193 Money market investments 3,336 5,183 Other earning assets 412 393 -------- -------- Total interest income 157,075 160,533 -------- -------- Interest expense: Deposits 45,734 50,102 Short-term borrowings 4,927 3,549 Long-term debt 49 75 -------- -------- Total interest expense 50,710 53,726 -------- -------- Net interest income 106,365 106,807 Provision for loan losses 2,307 3,956 -------- -------- Net interest income after provision for loan losses 104,058 102,851 -------- -------- 5 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited) (Continued) Three Months Ended March 31 2000 1999 -------- -------- (In thousands, except per-share data) Net interest income after provision for loan losses 104,058 102,851 -------- -------- Noninterest income: Service charges on deposit accounts 14,218 13,641 Electronic banking service fees 2,535 2,674 Trust services 3,206 2,732 Insurance premiums and commissions 1,772 1,964 Credit card service charges and fees - 2,504 Other customer services 3,962 3,458 Other 1,272 2,590 Gain on sale of credit card operations - 16,467 Securities gains - 822 -------- -------- Total noninterest income 26,965 46,852 -------- -------- Noninterest expense: Salaries and employee benefits 45,859 44,412 Occupancy 6,726 6,307 Equipment 8,072 7,487 Advertising 1,256 1,272 Credit card processing fees 22 1,843 Amortization of intangibles 3,672 3,827 Other 13,685 16,783 -------- -------- Total noninterest expense 79,292 81,931 -------- -------- Income before income taxes 51,731 67,772 Provision for income taxes 17,538 23,488 -------- -------- Net income $ 34,193 $ 44,284 ======== ======== Earnings per share of common stock: Basic $ .70 $ .88 Diluted .70 .88 Average shares of common stock outstanding: Basic 48,690 50,103 Diluted 48,878 50,391 See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements. 6 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited) Accum- ulated Other Total Pre- Compre- Share- ferred Common Capital Retained hensive holders' Stock Stock Surplus Earnings Income Equity ------- ------- -------- -------- ------ ---------- (Dollars in thousands) Balance January 1, 1999 $ 534 $50,094 $ 4,004 $934,703 $ 993 $ 990,328 Comprehensive income: Net income 44,284 44,284 Unrealized losses on securities available for sale (294) (294) ---------- Total comprehensive income 43,990 ---------- Conversion of preferred to common stock (18) 4 14 - Issuance of shares for stock options 29 1,206 1,235 Preferred stock retired (14) (26) (40) Common stock purchased and retired (2) (124) (126) Dividends declared: Preferred stock (9) (9) Common stock $0.32 per share (16,040) (16,040) ------- ------- -------- -------- ------ ---------- Balance March 31, 1999 $ 502 $50,125 $ 5,074 $962,938 $ 699 $1,019,338 ======= ======= ======== ======== ====== ========== 7 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY(Unaudited)(Continued) Accum- ulated Other Total Pre- Compre- Share- ferred Common Capital Retained hensive holders' Stock Stock Surplus Earnings Loss Equity ------- ------- -------- -------- ------ ---------- (Dollars in thousands) Balance January 1, 2000 $ 485 $49,162 $ - $982,357 $(1,517)$1,030,487 Comprehensive income: Net income 34,193 34,193 Unrealized losses on securities available for sale (791) (791) ---------- Total comprehensive income 33,402 ---------- Conversion of preferred to common stock (4) 1 3 - Issuance of shares for stock options 12 326 338 Common stock purchased and retired (1,161) (329) (39,326) (40,816) Dividends declared: Preferred stock (8) (8) Common stock $0.36 per share (17,316) (17,316) ------- ------- ------- -------- ------ ---------- Balance March 31, 2000 $ 481 $48,014 $ - $959,900 ($2,308)$1,006,087 ======= ======= ======= ======== ====== ========== See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements. 8 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) Three Months Ended March 31 2000 1999 -------- -------- (In thousands) Net cash provided by operating activities $ 46,976 $ 62,604 -------- -------- Investing activities: Proceeds from the sale of available for sale securities - 3,800 Proceeds from the maturity of held to maturity securities 136,780 512,263 Purchases of held to maturity securities (267,337) (614,059) Net(increase) decrease in loans (26,982) 81,130 Purchases of premises and equipment (2,104) (3,448) Sales of premises and equipment 114 2,580 Intangible assets acquired (34) (482) Other 1,792 1,759 -------- -------- Net cash used for investing activities (157,771) (16,457) -------- -------- Financing activities: Net increase (decrease) in deposits 89,255 (32,499) Net decrease in short-term borrowings (6,704) (36,903) Principal payments on long-term debt (265) (246) Common stock purchased and retired (40,816) (166) Proceeds from issuance of common stock 338 1,235 Cash dividends paid (17,738) (16,044) -------- -------- Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities 24,070 (84,623) -------- -------- Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (86,725) (38,476) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 552,423 642,931 -------- -------- Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $465,698 $604,455 ======== ======== Cash paid for: Interest $ 50,627 $ 54,891 Income taxes 562 625 See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements. 9 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) 1. GENERAL The foregoing unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the corporation and all of its subsidiaries. The corporation's subsidiaries are predominantly engaged in banking activities. Foreign banking activities and operations other than banking are not significant. All material intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations for each of the periods presented. Certain amounts previously reported in 1999 have been reclassified for comparative purposes. Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the corporation's annual report to stockholders on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999. 2. SECURITIES The following reflects the amortized cost of securities and the related approximate fair values: March 31, 2000 March 31, 1999 Amortized Fair Amortized Fair Cost Value Cost Value ---------- -------- -------- ---------- Available for sale: U.S. Government and its agencies $ 107,425 $ 105,680 $ 10,539 $ 10,607 Other 11,081 9,270 5,503 6,515 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Total $ 118,506 $ 114,950 $ 16,042 $ 17,122 ========== ========== ========== ========== Held to maturity: U.S. Government and its agencies $1,706,761 $1,659,217 $2,087,003 $2,087,520 State and municipal obligations 340,824 335,257 315,848 318,039 Other 249 250 248 251 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Total $2,047,834 $1,994,724 $2,403,099 $2,405,810 ========== ========== ========== ========== 10 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (Unaudited) 3. LOANS Loans consisted of: March 31 2000 1999 ---------- ---------- Consumer: Automobile $3,176,903 $2,778,587 Home equity, fixed- and variable-rate 812,392 855,532 Revolving credit loans, including credit cards 28,284 26,845 Other 293,545 317,497 Real estate: Construction and land development 162,079 129,060 Commercial mortgage 570,396 570,323 Residential mortgage 640,675 639,490 Other, including Industrial Development Authority loans 110,008 109,854 Commercial 615,899 576,829 ---------- ---------- Total loans, net of unearned income of $139,497 and $142,764 $6,410,181 $6,004,017 ========== ========== 4. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Activity in the allowance for loan losses was: Three Months Ended March 31 2000 1999 ------- ------- Balance at beginning of period $70,119 $70,312 Provision charged to operating expense 2,307 3,956 Reserve on loans sold - (4,323) ------- ------- Balance before charge-offs 72,426 69,945 Charge-offs 3,168 4,829 Recoveries 967 1,084 ------- ------- Balance at March 31 $70,225 $66,200 ======= ======= Percentage of annualized net charge-offs to average loans .14% .25% Percentage of allowance for loan losses to period-end loans 1.10 1.10 11 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (Unaudited) 5. FEDERAL INCOME TAX The reconcilement of income tax computed at the federal statutory tax rates to the provision for income taxes was as follows: Three Months Ended March 31 2000 1999 ----------- ------------- Amount Pct Amount Pct ------- ----- ------- ----- Statutory rate $18,106 35.0% $23,720 35.0% Nontaxable interest on municipal obligations (1,259)(2.4) (1,251)(1.8) State taxes, net of Federal tax benefit 257 0.5 300 0.4 Nondeductible goodwill 568 1.1 599 0.9 Other items (134)(0.3) 120 0.2 ------- ----- ------- ----- Effective rate $17,538 33.9% $23,488 34.7% ======= ===== ======= ===== 6. PREFERRED AND COMMON STOCK There are 3,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $10.00 per share, authorized. The following four series of cumulative convertible stock were outstanding: March 31 December 31 March 31 Series Dividends 2000 1999 1999 --------- --------- -------- ----------- -------- A 5% 16,771 16,878 17,429 B 7% 3,290 3,290 3,340 C 7% 8,108 8,108 8,212 D 8% 19,927 20,242 21,172 ------- ------ ------ Total preferred shares 48,096 48,518 50,153 ======= ====== ====== The Series A, Series B and Series D shares are convertible into two and one fourth shares of common stock, and the Series C shares are convertible into one and eight-tenths shares of common stock. All of the preferred stock may be redeemed at the option of the corporation for $10.00 per share. There are 175,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, authorized and 48,014,000, 49,162,000 and 50,125,000 shares were outstanding at March 31, 2000, December 31, 1999, and March 31, 1999, respectively. Options to purchase 928,376 shares of common stock were outstanding on March 31, 2000. A total of 3,127,916 shares of common stock were reserved at March 31, 2000: 104,565 shares for the conversion of preferred stock and 3,023,351 shares for stock options. 12 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) (Unaudited) 7. EARNINGS PER SHARE Earnings per share computations are as follows: Three Months Ended March 31 2000 1999 ------- ------- Basic: Net income $34,193 $44,284 Preferred stock dividends 8 9 ------- ------- Net income applicable to common stock $34,185 $44,275 ======= ======= Average common shares outstanding 48,690 50,103 ======= ======= Earnings per share of common stock $ .70 $ .88 ======= ======= Diluted: Net income $34,193 $44,284 Average common shares outstanding 48,690 50,103 Dilutive effect of stock options 83 175 Conversion of preferred stock 105 113 ------- ------- Total average common shares 48,878 50,391 ======= ======= Earnings per share of common stock $ .70 $ .88 ======= ======= ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS QUARTERLY RESULTS: First Virginia Banks, Inc.'s earnings per share, excluding nonrecurring income, increased 4% for the first quarter of 2000 to $.70 compared to $.67 earned in the prior year's first quarter. Net income before nonrecurring income advanced to $34.193 million in the first quarter of 2000 compared to $33.581 million earned in 1999. Return on average assets increased to 1.45% compared to 1.42% earned in the 1999 first quarter, and the return on average equity was relatively unchanged at 13.39% in the first quarter of 2000 compared to 13.40% in 1999. In the prior year's first quarter, the corporation recorded an after tax gain of $10.703 million or $.21 per share from the sale of its credit card loan portfolio. Including this gain, the corporation earned $44.284 million or $.88 per share in the first quarter of 1999. Cash basis recurring income, which excludes the effects of intangible assets and their related amortization expense and nonrecurring income items, and thus makes First Virginia's income more comparable to other banking companies' income, equaled $37.199 million or $.76 per share in the first 13 quarter of 2000 compared to $36.679 million or $.73 per share in the first quarter of 1999. Cash basis income in the first quarter of 2000 resulted in a return on average tangible assets of 1.61% and a return on average tangible equity of 17.42% compared to 1.58% and 17.88%, respectively, in the first quarter of 1999. During the first quarter, the net interest margin equaled 5.02%, down slightly from the prior year's first quarter of 5.04%. Several factors had a negative impact on the margin, including the repurchase of 1.161 million shares of the corporation's stock, which reduced investable funds. As a consequence, the margin was reduced by approximately three basis points. In the early part of the quarter, noninterest earning cash was higher than normal, a direct result of potential Y2K-related deposit withdrawal activity that never materialized. In the latter part of the quarter, the corporation began to benefit from improved internal cash forecasting techniques that take advantage of a reduced need for cash on hand in the branches. The increase in interest rates generally had little impact because First Virginia has traditionally attempted to balance its rate-sensitive assets and liabilities so changes in interest rates do not impact the corporation's net interest margin. Average loans increased 5% to $6.395 billion compared to $6.079 billion in the prior year's first quarter and were up slightly compared to the $6.364 billion in the 1999 fourth quarter. Commercial loans advanced at an annualized rate of 18% compared to the fourth quarter of 1999, however, most other loan categories were relatively unchanged. Average deposits declined slightly in the first quarter to $7.865 billion compared to $7.964 billion in the 1999 first quarter and the $7.933 billion in the fourth quarter of 1999. Total assets at March 31, 2000, were $9.517 billion compared to $9.452 billion at December 31, 1999. Asset quality continues to be excellent. Net charge-offs declined to $2.201 million and equaled .14% of average loans compared to $3.745 million and .25% of loans in the prior year's first quarter. The provision for loan loss expense of $2.307 million exceeded net charge-offs, provided for growth in the loan portfolio and resulted in an allowance for loan losses of 1.10%, the same as the end of the prior year's first quarter. Nonperforming assets increased slightly at March 31, 2000, to $20.854 million compared to $20.232 million at the end of the first quarter of 1999, but still represented a lesser portion of outstanding loans, .33% at March 31, 2000, compared to .34% at the end of March 1999. Loans past due 90 days or more were $16.955 million or .26% of outstanding loans compared to $18.250 million and .30% of loans at March 31, 1999. 14 A summary of nonperforming and delinquent loans is as follows: March 31 2000 1999 ------- ------- (Dollars in thousands) Nonaccruing loans $15,196 $14,018 Restructured loans 1,608 2,386 Properties acquired by foreclosure 4,050 3,828 ------- ------- Total nonperforming assets $20,854 $20,232 ======= ======= Percentage of total loans and foreclosed real estate .33% .34% ======= ======= Loans 90 days past due $16,955 $18,250 ======= ======= Percentage of total loans .26% .30% ======= ======= Noninterest income, excluding nonrecurring gains and securities gains and losses, declined 9% compared to the prior year's first quarter. Most of this decline was due to a drop in fee income from credit card activities following the sale of the corporation's credit card portfolio at the end of the first quarter of 1999. Service charge income on deposit accounts increased 4% as the corporation continued to benefit from its value-based approach to service charges on deposit accounts initiated in the fourth quarter of 1998. Income from Trust and Asset Management Services increased 17%, continuing its double-digit growth rate of the past several years. Insurance income declined 10% as a result of the slowdown in real estate loan activity which reduced title insurance commissions and premium income from credit life insurance sales. Noninterest expense declined 3% or $2.639 million during the 2000 first quarter compared to the 1999 first quarter. Most of this was attributable to a decline in credit card expenses and in consulting fees incurred in the prior year in connection with the service charge income increase and Y2K. Other noninterest expenses were stable or up modestly resulting in the overall decline. The efficiency ratio improved further in the first quarter, declining to 56.0% compared to 56.6% in the prior year's first quarter. Total shareholders' equity was $1.006 billion at March 31, 2000, compared to $1.019 billion at March 31, 1999. Net book value per share increased $.61 to $20.94 per share compared to the prior year's first quarter. First Virginia remained one of the best capitalized banks in the nation as Tier 1 capital leverage ratio increased four basis points to 9.09% compared to 9.05% for the first quarter of 1999. During the first quarter, the corporation repurchased 1.161 million shares of stock, leaving 4.038 million shares remaining in the corporation's currently authorized share repurchase program. As a result of shares repurchased in 1999 and early 2000, average diluted shares outstanding in the first quarter of 2000 declined 3% to 48.878 million shares compared to 50.391 million in the 1999 first quarter. At March 31, 2000, there were 48.014 million shares outstanding. 15 FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS: Certain statements in this discussion may constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks including, but not limited to, changes in general economic and business conditions, interest-rate fluctuations, competition within and without the banking industry, new products and services in the banking industry, risks inherent in making loans, including repayment risks and fluctuating collateral values, changing trends in customer profiles and changes in laws and regulations applicable to the corporation. Although the corporation believes that its expectations with respect to the forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions within the bounds of its knowledge of its business and operations, there can be no assurance that actual results, performance or achievements of the corporation will not differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. 16 AVERAGE BALANCES AND INTEREST RATES (Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended March 31 2000 ------------------------------ Interest Average Income/ Balance Expense Rate ---------- --------- ------- Interest-earning assets: Securities-available for sale: U.S. Government and its agencies $ 106,048 $ 1,378 5.23% Other* 10,260 157 7.58 Securities-held to maturity: U.S. Government and its agencies 1,529,788 21,801 5.71 State, municipal and other* 345,840 5,099 5.90 ---------- -------- Total Securities 1,991,936 28,435 5.73 ---------- -------- Loans, net of unearned income: Installment 4,259,342 82,466 7.78 Real estate 1,125,001 22,902 8.18 Other* 1,010,669 21,215 8.50 ---------- -------- Total loans 6,395,012 126,583 7.95 ---------- -------- Loans held for sale 4,345 105 9.68 Money market investments 240,362 3,336 5.58 Other earning assets 23,055 412 7.15 ---------- -------- Total earning assets and income $8,654,710 158,871 7.37 ========== -------- Interest-bearing liabilities: Interest checking $1,515,166 2,263 0.60 Money market accounts 957,523 7,182 3.02 Savings deposits 1,063,724 3,996 1.51 Consumer certificates of deposit 2,311,057 26,216 4.56 Large denomination certificates of deposit 468,800 6,077 5.21 ---------- -------- Total interest-bearing deposits 6,316,270 45,734 2.91 Short-term borrowings 414,485 4,927 4.78 Long-term debt 2,114 49 9.24 ---------- -------- Total interest-bearing liabilities and interest expense $6,732,869 50,710 3.03 ========== -------- Net interest income and net interest margin $108,161 5.02% ======== *Fully taxable-equivalent basis Other average balances: Demand deposits $1,548,444 Preferred shareholders' equity 484 Common shareholders' equity 1,020,779 Total assets 9,429,322 17 AVERAGE BALANCES AND INTEREST RATES (Unaudited)(Continued) (Dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended March 31 1999 ------------------------------ Interest Average Income/ Balance Expense Rate ---------- --------- ------- Interest-earning assets: Securities-available for sale: U.S. Government and its agencies $ 11,911 $ 161 5.46% Other* 7,831 63 3.22 Securities-held to maturity: U.S. Government and its agencies 1,760,329 25,494 5.84 State, municipal and other* 315,059 4,775 6.06 ---------- -------- Total securities 2,095,130 30,493 5.86 ---------- -------- Loans, net of unearned income: Installment 4,014,264 83,678 8.45 Real estate 1,122,020 23,284 8.30 Other* 942,412 19,033 8.25 ---------- -------- Total loans 6,078,696 125,995 8.36 ---------- -------- Loans held for sale 12,191 231 7.59 Money market investments 443,510 5,183 4.74 Other earning assets 22,491 393 7.00 ---------- -------- Total earning assets and income $8,652,018 162,295 7.56 ========== -------- Interest-bearing liabilities: Interest checking $1,478,747 3,558 0.98 Money market accounts 981,518 7,452 3.08 Savings deposits 1,135,516 5,423 1.94 Consumer certificates of deposit 2,396,125 28,443 4.81 Large denomination certificates of deposit 434,375 5,226 4.88 ---------- -------- Total interest-bearing deposits 6,426,281 50,102 3.16 Short-term borrowings 366,410 3,549 3.93 Long-term debt 3,129 75 9.57 ---------- -------- Total interest-bearing liabilities and interest expense $6,795,820 53,726 3.21 ========= -------- Net interest income and net interest margin $108,569 5.04% ======== *Fully taxable-equivalent basis Other average balances: Demand deposits $1,537,769 Preferred shareholders' equity 524 Common shareholders' equity 1,001,683 Total assets 9,452,236 18 ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK ---------------------------------------------------------- As of March 31, 2000, there have been no material changes in information regarding quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk from the information presented as of December 31, 1999 in the corporation's annual report on Form 10-K. 19 PART II - OTHER INFORMATION ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8 - K ---------------------------------- a) Exhibit 3(ii) Bylaws (included in original SEC filing only) b) Exhibit 27 - Financial Data Schedule (included in original SEC filing only) c) No reports on Form 8-K were filed during the quarter ended March 31, 2000. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by its principal financial officer hereunto duly authorized. FIRST VIRGINIA BANKS, INC. /s/ Richard F. Bowman May 12, 2000 -------------------------- Richard F. Bowman, Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer 20 Exhibit 3 (ii) FIRST VIRGINIA BANKS, INC. BYLAWS With Amendments through February 23, 2000 FIRST VIRGINIA BANKS, INC. BYLAWS Table of Contents Page ARTICLE I - MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Section 1. Annual Meetings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Section 2. Special Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Section 3. Hour and Place of Meeting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Section 4. Notice of Meeting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Section 5. Voting List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Section 6. Quorum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Section 7. Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Section 8. Conduct of Meetings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Section 9. Voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Section 10. Inspectors of Election . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Section 11. Proxy Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Section 12. Stockholder Nominations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Section 13. Business to be Brought Before the Annual Meeting . . . . . . .4 ARTICLE II - BOARD OF DIRECTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Section 1. General Powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Section 2. Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Section 3. Terms of Directors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Section 4. Vacancies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Section 5. Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Section 6. Senior Advisory Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Section 7. Stock Ownership of Directors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 ARTICLE III - DIRECTORS' MEETINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Section 1. Regular Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Section 2. Special Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Section 3. Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Section 4. Quorum and Manner of Acting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Section 5. Order of Business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Section 6. Action Without a Meeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Section 7. Telephone Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 ARTICLE IV - COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Section 1. Executive Committee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Section 2. Management Compensation and Benefits Committee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Section 3. Public Policy Committee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Section 4. Audit Committee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Section 5. Other Committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 ARTICLE V - OFFICERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Section 1. Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Section 2. Election, Term of Office, and Qualifications . . . . . . . . 10 Section 3. Other Officers, Agents, and Employees. . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Section 4. Vacancies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Section 5. Removal of Officers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Section 6. Chairman of the Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Honorary Chairman of the Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Section 7. Vice Chairmen of the Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Section 8. Succession of Duties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Section 9. President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Section 10. Executive Vice President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Section 11. Vice Presidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Section 12. Secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Section 13. Treasurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Section 14. General Counsel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Section 15. General Auditor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Section 16. Assistant Secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Section 17. Assistant Treasurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Section 18. Administrative Committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ARTICLE VI - CAPITAL STOCK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Section 1. Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Section 2. Issue and Registration of Certificates: Transfer Agents and Registrars . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Section 3. Transfer of Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Section 4. Lost, Destroyed, or Mutilated Certificates . . . . . . . . . 13 Section 5. Record Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ARTICLE VII - CONTRACTS, LOANS, BANK ACCOUNTS, CHECKS, SECURITIES, ETC.: AUTHORITY OF OFFICERS . . . . . . . . . 14 Section 1. Contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Section 2. Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Section 3. Bank Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Section 4. Checks, Securities, Etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ARTICLE VIII - MISCELLANEOUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Section 1. Fiscal Year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Section 2. Dividends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Section 3. Corporate Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ARTICLE IX - EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Section 1. Emergency Bylaws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Section 2. Termination of Emergency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ARTICLE X - AMENDMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 BYLAWS OF FIRST VIRGINIA BANKS, INC. (With Amendments through February 23, 2000) ARTICLE I MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS Section 1. Annual Meetings. The annual meeting of the stockholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be held on such date each year that shall be established by the board of directors; however, if no such date is established, then the annual meeting shall be on the fourth Wednesday in April each year, if not a legal holiday, and if so, then on the next succeeding business day. Section 2. Special Meetings. Except as provided in Article II, Section 4 of these bylaws, special meetings of the stockholders shall be called by the president or secretary only at the written request of a majority of the directors, provided that, if as of the date of the request for such special meeting there is a Related Person as defined in Article X of the Articles of Incorporation, such majority shall include a majority of the Continuing Directors, as defined in Article X of the Articles of Incorporation or by the holders of four-fifths (80%) of the voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors. The request shall state the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is to be called. The notice of every special meeting of stockholders shall state the purpose for which it is called. Section 3. Hour and Place of Meeting. All meetings of the stockholders may be held at such hour and place within or without the State of Virginia as may be provided in the notice of meeting. Section 4. Notice of Meetings. Notice of the annual and of any special meeting of the stockholders shall be given not less than ten days nor more than sixty days before the meeting (except as a different time is specified by law), by or at the direction of the board of directors or the person calling the meeting, to each holder of record of shares of the corporation entitled to vote at the meeting, in person or by mail or by electronic dissemination, unless otherwise required by law. All such notices shall state the day, hour, place and purpose(s) of the meeting, and the matters to be considered. Section 5. Voting List. A complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting or any adjournment thereof, with the address of and number of shares held by each on the record date, shall, for a period of ten days prior to such meeting, be kept on file at the registered office or principal place of business of the corporation or at the office of the transfer agent or registrar and shall be subject to inspection by any stockholder at any time during usual business hours except as such right of inspection may be subject to limitations prescribed by law. Such list shall also be produced and kept open at the time and place of the meeting and shall be open to inspection by any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting. Whenever the production or exhibition of any voting list, or of the stock transfer books of the corporation, shall be required by law, the production of a copy thereof certified correct by the transfer agent shall be deemed to be substantial compliance with such requirement. Section 6. Quorum. A majority of the shares entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders. Once a quorum has been duly convened, the quorum shall not be deemed broken by the departure of any stockholder or holder of a proxy. In the absence of a quorum, the stockholders present in person or by proxy, by majority vote and without notice other than by announcement at the meeting, may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present. At any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present, any business may be transacted which could have been transacted at the meeting as originally called. Section 7. Organization. At all meetings of the stockholders, the chairman of the board, or in his absence the vice chairmen, in the order of their appointment, or in their absence the president, or in the absence of all of them a person chosen by a majority of the stockholders represented in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at the meeting shall preside as chairman of the meeting. The secretary of the corporation, or in his absence or if he be appointed chairman of the meeting, an assistant secretary shall act as secretary at all meetings of the stockholders; but if neither the secretary nor any assistant secretary be present and able to act as such, the chairman may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting. Section 8. Conduct of Meetings. Parliamentary rules as formulated by Cushman, Robert's or Sturgis' Manual shall govern the conduct of all meetings of the stockholders upon verbal announcement thereof by the chairman, except that where such rules conflict with the provisions of these bylaws, the statutes of Virginia, or the Articles of Incorporation, the provisions of the said bylaws, statutes or Articles shall prevail. The chairman of all meetings of the stockholders may announce from time to time such rules and guidelines for the conduct of business as he may determine in his discretion. Section 9. Voting. Except as otherwise provided by law or by Articles of Serial Designation with respect to any class or classes of preferred stock outstanding, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of stock held by him and registered in his name on the books of the corporation on the date fixed by the resolution of the board of directors as the record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such meeting as more fully set forth elsewhere in these bylaws. Such vote may be given in person or by proxy appointed by an instrument executed by a stockholder or his duly authorized attorney in written form, telephonically, or electronically, and delivered to the secretary of the meeting or the inspectors of election. No proxy shall be valid after eleven months from its date, unless otherwise provided therein. If a quorum is present, the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares represented at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stock-holders, except when a larger vote or a vote by class is required by the Articles of Incorporation, any other provision of these bylaws or the laws of the state of Virginia and except that in elections of directors those receiving the greatest number of votes shall be deemed elected even though not receiving a majority. Section 10. Inspectors of Election. The board of directors shall appoint three or more inspectors of election to serve at any meeting of the stockholders at which a vote is to be taken. The inspectors of election shall examine proxies and pass upon their validity, receive the votes at the meeting and act as tellers, certify in writing as to the number of shares represented at the meeting and the final vote figures, and perform any other duties required by law. Section 11. Proxy Committee. The board of directors shall designate a Proxy Committee of three individuals to act as proxy for stockholders who appoint/authorize all or any of them to vote their shares in response to the board of directors' solicitation of proxies at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, whether such votes are authorized in writing, telephonically, or electronically. Any one member of the Proxy Committee may vote any or all of the shares upon which the Committee is authorized to act. Section 12. Stockholder Nominations. (a) Nominations of candidates for election as directors at any annual meeting of stockholders may be made (i) by, or at the direction of, a majority of the directors (provided that, if as of the date of the nomination there is a Related Person as defined in Article XI of the Articles of Incorporation, such majority shall include a majority of the Continuing Directors, as defined in Article XI of the Articles of Incorporation (such directors, whether or not they include the Continuing Directors shall be referred to as the "directors" for the purposes of this Section 12)) or (ii) by any stockholder of record entitled to vote at such annual meeting. Only persons nominated in accordance with procedures set forth in Section 12(b) shall be eligible for election as directors at an annual meeting. (b) Nominations, other than those made by, or at the direction of, a majority of the directors, shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the secretary of the corporation as set forth in this Section 12(b). To be timely, a stockholder's notice shall be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than ninety (90) days nor more than one hundred twenty (120) days prior to the date of the scheduled annual meeting, regardless of postponements, deferrals, or adjournments of that meeting to a later date; provided, however, that if less than seventy (70) days' notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the scheduled annual meeting is given or made, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered or received not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the earlier of the day on which such notice of the date of the scheduled annual meeting was mailed or the day on which such public disclosure was made. Such stockholder's notice shall set forth (i) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director (a) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (b) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (c) the class and number of shares of the Corporation's equity securities which are beneficially owned (as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3 or 13d-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act")) by such person on the date of such stockholder notice and (d) any other information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Schedule 13D under the Exchange Act in connection with the acquisition of shares, and pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, in connection with the solicitation of proxies with respect to nominees for election as directors, regardless of whether such person is subject to the provisions of such regulations, including, but not limited to, information required to be disclosed by Items 4(b) and 6 of Schedule 14A under the Exchange Act and information which would be required to be filed on Schedule 14B under the Exchange Act with the Securities and Exchange Commission and (ii) as to the stockholder giving the notice (a) the name and address, as they appear on the corporation's books, of such stockholder and any other stockholder who is a record or beneficial owner of any equity securities of the corporation and who is known by such stockholder to be supporting such nominee(s) and (b) the class and number of shares of the corporation's equity securities which are beneficially owned, as defined above, and owned of record by such stockholder on the date of such stockholder notice and the number of shares of the corporation's equity securities beneficially owned and owned of record by any person known by such stockholder to be supporting such nominee(s) on the date of such stockholder notice. At the request of a majority of the directors, any person nominated by, or at the direction of, the Board of Directors for election as a director at an annual meeting shall furnish to the secretary of the corporation that information required to be set forth in a stockholder's notice of nomination which pertains to the nominee. (c) No person shall be elected as a director of the corporation unless such person is nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 12 and is eligible to serve as a director under Article II of these bylaws. Ballots bearing the names of all the persons who have been nominated for election as directors at an annual meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 12 and are eligible to serve as a director under Article II of these bylaws shall be provided for use at the annual meeting. (d) A majority of the directors may reject any nomination by a stockholder not timely made in accordance with the requirements of Section 12(b). If a majority of the directors determines that the information provided in a stockholder's notice does not satisfy the informational requirements of Section 12(b) in any material respect, the secretary of the corporation shall promptly notify such stockholder of the deficiency in the notice. The stockholder shall have an opportunity to cure the deficiency by providing additional information to the secretary within five (5) days from the date such deficiency notice is given to the stockholder, or such shorter time as may be reasonably deemed appropriate by a majority of the directors. If the deficiency is not cured within such period, or if a majority of the directors reasonably determines that the additional information provided by the stockholder, together with the information previously provided, does not satisfy the requirements of Section 12(b) in any material respect, then the board of directors may reject such stockholder's nomination. The secretary of the corporation shall notify a stockholder in writing whether his or her nomination has been made in accordance with the time and informational requirements of Section 12(b). Notwithstanding the procedure set forth in this paragraph, if the majority of the directors does not make a determination as to the validity of any nominations by a stockholder, the chairman of the annual meeting shall determine and declare at the annual meeting whether a nomination was not made in accordance with the terms of Section 12(b). If the chairman of such meeting determines that a nomination was not made in accordance with the terms of Section 12(b), he or she shall so declare at the annual meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded. Section 13. Business to be Brought Before the Meeting. (a) At an annual meeting of stockholders, only such business shall be conducted, and only such proposals shall be acted upon as shall have been brought before the annual meeting (i) by, or at the direction of, the majority of the directors (provided that, if as of the date of the nomination there is a Related Person as defined in Article XI of the Articles of Incorporation, such majority shall include a majority of the Continuing Directors, as defined in Article XI of the Articles of Incorporation (such directors, whether or not they include the Continuing Directors shall be referred to as the "directors" for the purposes of this Section 13)); or (ii) by any stockholder of the corporation who complies with the notice procedures set forth in Section 13(b). (b) For a proposal to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the secretary of the corporation. To be timely, a stockholder's notice must be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of the corporation not less than ninety (90) days nor more than one hundred twenty (120) days prior to the scheduled annual meeting, regardless of any postponements, deferrals or adjournments of that meeting to a later date; provided, however, that if less than seventy (70) days' notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the scheduled annual meeting is given or made, notice by the stockholder, to be timely, must be so delivered or received not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the earlier of the day on which such notice of the date of the scheduled annual meeting was mailed or the day on which such public disclosure was made. A stockholder's notice to the secretary shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (i) a brief description of the proposal desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (ii) the name and address, as they appear on the corporation's books, of the stockholder proposing such business and any other stockholder who is the record or beneficial owner (as defined in Section 12(a) of these bylaws) of any equity security of the corporation known by such stockholder to be supporting such proposal, (iii) the class and number of shares of the corporation's equity securities which are beneficially owned (as defined in Section 12(a) of these bylaws) and owned of record by the stockholder giving the notice on the date of such stockholder notice and by any other record or beneficial owners of the corporation's equity securities known by such stockholder to be supporting such proposal on the date of such stockholder notice, and (iv) any financial or other interest of the stockholder in such proposal. (c) A majority of the directors may reject any stockholder proposal not timely made in accordance with the terms of Section 13(b). If a majority of the directors determines that the information provided in a stockholder's notice does not satisfy the informational requirements of Section 13(b) in any material respect, the secretary of the corporation shall promptly notify such stockholder of the deficiency in the notice. The stockholder shall have the opportunity to cure the deficiency by providing additional information to the secretary within such period of time, not to exceed five (5) days from the date such deficiency notice is given to the stockholder, as the majority of the directors shall reasonably determine. If the deficiency is not cured within such period, or if the majority of the directors determines that the additional information provided by the stockholder, together with information previously provided, does not satisfy the requirements of this Section 13(b) in any material respect, then a majority of the directors may reject such stockholder's proposal. The secretary of the corporation shall notify a stockholder in writing whether such person's proposal has been made in accordance with the time and information requirements of Section 13(b). Notwithstanding the procedures set forth in this paragraph, if the majority of the directors does not make a determination as to the validity of any stockholder proposal, the chairman of the annual meeting shall determine and declare at the annual meeting whether the stockholder proposal was made in accordance with the terms of Section 13(b). If the chairman of such meeting determines that a stockholder proposal was not made in accordance with the terms of Section 13(b), he or she shall so declare at the annual meeting and any such proposal shall not be acted upon at the annual meeting. (d) This provision shall not prevent the consideration and approval or disapproval at the annual meeting of reports of officers, directors and committees of the Board of Directors, but, in connection with such reports, no new business shall be acted upon at such annual meeting unless stated, filed and received as herein provided. ARTICLE II BOARD OF DIRECTORS Section 1. General Powers. The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by the board of directors subject to any requirement of stockholder action. Section 2. Number. The number of directors shall be thirteen (13). Section 3. Terms of Directors. A person shall be elected to serve a term of three years or to fill the unexpired term of the class to which the directorship position has been assigned. A person appointed by the board to fill the unexpired term of a directorship position shall stand for election to that directorship position at the next stockholders' meeting at which directors are elected. Except as required by law, no person who has reached the age of 72 years shall be eligible to serve as a director, except that a director who reaches the age of 72 years may continue to serve the unexpired portion of the term for the class of the directorship position held by such person. Notwithstanding the above, any person who has served or may serve as chairman of the corporation in good standing until retirement and any person who served as chairman of a subsidiary bank of the corporation on November 1, 1994, shall continue to be eligible to serve as a director for any class of directorship position whose term shall not expire before such chairman shall reach the age of 75 years. Section 4. Vacancies. Any vacancy on the board of directors for any cause, except a vacancy created by an increase by more than two in the number of directors, may be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by a majority vote of all of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum, given at a regular meeting or at a special meeting called for that purpose. In case the entire board shall die or resign, any stockholder may call a special meeting of the stockholders upon notice as hereinbefore provided for meetings of the stockholders, at which special meeting the directors for the unexpired portion of the term may be elected. Section 5. Fees. Nonemployee directors shall not receive any stated salary for their services, but, by resolution of the board of directors, they may receive a retainer, a fixed sum for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the board and any meeting of any committee, and reimbursement for expenses of attendance, if any, at board and committee meetings. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Section 6. Senior Advisory Board. The board of directors may appoint a senior advisory board, the eligible members of which shall be such directors of the corporation who served on the board of directors at the age of 72 years or who shall have resigned from the board because of poor health and requested a transfer to it. The members of such board shall serve at the pleasure of the corporation's board of directors until the next annual meeting of stockholders. At the board meeting following each annual meeting of stockholders, such member may be reappointed if such member has not then reached the age of 75 years or, for any member who served as a director until the age of 75 years, if such member has not then reached the age of 78; however, under no circumstance shall a member be appointed more than two times after the initial appointment. Members of the senior advisory board shall receive notice of and be entitled to attend all regular meetings of the corporation's board of directors and shall receive the same fees and expenses as are paid to members, but will not be entitled to vote at such meetings. Section 7. Stock Ownership of Directors. Every director shall be the owner of stock of the corporation having a book value of not less than Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000). Such stock must be unpledged and unencumbered at the time such director becomes a director and during the whole of his term as such. Any director violating the provisions of this section shall immediately vacate his office. ARTICLE III DIRECTORS' MEETINGS Section 1. Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the board of directors shall be held without other notice than this bylaw immediately after, and at the same place as, the annual meeting of stockholders. Additional regular meetings shall be held at least monthly. The board of directors may provide by resolution the time and place, either within or without this state, for the holding of additional regular meetings without other notice than such resolution. Section 2. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the board of directors shall be held whenever called by the chairman of the board, by the president, or by any two of the directors. Notice of each such meeting shall be mailed to each director, addressed to his residence or usual place of business, at least three days before the day on which the meeting is to be held, or shall be sent to such place by telegraph or mailgram, or be delivered personally or by telephone, not later than the day before the day on which the meeting is to be held. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any special meeting need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting. Section 3. Organization. At all meetings of the board of directors, the chairman, or in his absence the vice chairmen in the order of their appointment, or in their absence, the president (or in his absence the executive vice president if a member of the board), or, in the absence of all of them, any director selected by the board of directors shall act as chair- man; and the secretary of the corporation, or, in his absence or if he be elected chairman of the meeting, an assistant secretary, shall act as secretary; but if neither the secretary nor any assistant secretary be present and able to act as such, the chairman may appoint any person present to act as secretary of the meeting. Section 4. Quorum and Manner of Acting. Unless otherwise provided by law or the Articles of Incorporation, a majority of the number of directors fixed by the bylaws at the time of any regular or special meeting shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at such meeting, and the act of a majority of the directors present at any such meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board of directors. In the absence of a quorum, a majority of those present may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum be had. Notice of any such adjourned meeting need not be given. Section 5. Order of Business. At all meetings of the board of directors business may be transacted in such order as from time to time the board may determine. Section 6. Action Without a Meeting. Any action which is required to be taken at a meeting of the directors or of a director's committee may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so to be taken, shall be signed either before or after such action by all of the directors or by all of the members of the committee, as the case may be, and such consent is filed in the minute book of the proceedings of the board or committee. Such consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote. Section 7. Telephone Meetings. Members of the board of directors or any committee designated thereby may participate in a meeting of such board or committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment whereby all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and a written record can be made of the action taken at the meeting. ARTICLE IV COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD Section 1. Executive Committee. The board of directors, by a resolution adopted by a majority of the number of directors, may designate three or more directors, to include the chairman, the vice chairmen, if one or more be appointed, and the president, to constitute an executive committee. Members of the executive committee shall serve until removed, until their successors are designated or until the executive committee is dissolved by the board of directors. All vacancies which may occur in the executive committee shall be filled by the board of directors. The executive committee, when the board of directors is not in session, may exercise all of the powers of the board of directors except to approve an amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, these bylaws, a plan of merger or consolidation, a plan of exchange under which the corporation would be acquired, the sale, lease or exchange, or the mortgage or pledge for a consideration other than money, of all, or substantially all, the property and assets of the corporation otherwise than in the usual and regular course of its business, the voluntary dissolution of the corporation, or revocation of voluntary dissolution proceedings, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed as required. The executive committee may make its own rules for the holding and conduct of its meetings (except that at least two members of the committee shall be necessary to constitute a quorum), the notice thereof required and the keeping of its records, and shall report all of its actions to the board of directors. Section 2. Management Compensation and Benefits Committee. The board of directors shall, by resolution, appoint a Management Compensation and Benefits Committee that shall be comprised entirely of "outside directors" as that term is defined under proposed Item 402(j)(2) of Regulation S-K of the Securities and Exchange Commission; that is, "directors who do not have employment or consulting arrangements with the corporation or its affiliates and who are not employed by an entity that has an employee of the corporation serving as a member of a committee which establishes that entity's compensation policy." (If, in the final SEC rules, Item 402(j)(2) of the SEC's Regulation S-K includes a different definition of "outside directors" than that described above, then these Bylaws will follow the definition as stated in the final rules, as amended from time to time.) Such committee shall fix its own rules and procedures and shall meet at least once each year. The committee shall have the authority to establish the level of compensation (including bonuses) and benefits of management of the corporation. Such committee shall also have all of the authority vested under any stock option or other equity-based compensation plan of the corporation including but not limited to the authority to grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted or phantom stock, etc. to the corporation's management. Section 3. Public Policy Committee. The board of directors shall, by resolution, appoint not less than three nor more than six of its members to constitute a public policy committee. The board shall likewise designate the chairman of the committee. In addition, the chairman of the board shall be an ex-officio member of the public policy committee and shall be entitled to vote on all matters coming before the committee. The committee shall recommend to the board of directors the total amount of funds to be allocated each calendar year for charitable contributions to be made by the corporation. The committee shall have authority to approve contributions by the corporation within the dollar limits set by the approved annual budget and may delegate some or all of its authority for final approval to the chief executive officer provided that all contributions approved by the chief executive officer are subsequently reported to the committee for review. The committee shall exercise general supervision over the corporation's matching gifts program and shall have authority to add and/or delete those colleges and universities eligible for inclusion in the program. The committee shall monitor on an ongoing basis the programs developed for compliance with the Community Reinvestment Act as well as Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Equal Employment Opportunity) and as a result may make recommendations to the chief executive officer in respect thereto. The committee shall perform such other duties and functions as shall be assigned to said committee from time to time by the board of directors. The chairman of the committee shall report regularly to the board of directors on the results of its meetings. The committee shall meet quarterly except that it may additionally meet on call of its chairman as may be necessary. Section 4. Audit Committee. The Board of Directors shall appoint an Audit Committee that shall be comprised entirely of directors who meet the standard of independence set forth by the New York Stock Exchange for audit committees of listed companies. Such committee shall be comprised of a minimum of three members and shall fix its own rules and procedures. The committee shall meet at least quarterly. The committee shall review the following: (1) with the independent public accountant and management, the financial statements and the scope of the corporation's audit; (2) with the independent public accountant and management, the adequacy of the corporation's system of internal procedures and controls, including the resolution of material weaknesses; (3) with the corporation's internal auditors, the activities and performance of the internal auditors; (4) with management and the independent accountant, compliance with laws and regulations; (5) with management, the selection and termination of the independent public accountant and any significant disagreements between the independent public accountant and management; and (6) the nonaudit services of the corporation's independent public accountant. The committee, when so delegated by a member bank, shall perform such audit committee functions for such bank as are requested by the bank to fulfill its requirements under Section 36 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and under the regulations and guidelines adopted by the FDIC to implement Section 36. The committee shall also review any other matters concerning auditing and accounting as it deems necessary and appropriate. The committee, at its discretion, may retain counsel without prior permission of the Board or management. Section 5. Other Committees. Other committees with limited authority may be designated by a resolution adopted by a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present. ARTICLE V OFFICERS Section 1. Number. The officers of the corporation may be a chairman of the board, a president, one or more vice chairmen (who also may serve as a consultant and advisor to the board but not as a full-time employee of the corporation or any of its affiliates), one or more executive vice presidents, one or more vice presidents (any one or more of whom may be designated as senior vice presidents), a secretary, and a treasurer. At the discretion of the board of directors, there may be one or more assistant vice presidents, assistant secretaries, and assistant treasurers; a general counsel and one or more assistant general counsel and assistant counsel; a general auditor, one or more assistant general auditors and audit managers, an electronic data processing auditor, and a trust auditor; a communications officer; one or more marketing officers, and such other officer titles designated by the board from time to time. The chairman of the board, the vice chairmen, and the president shall be chosen from members of the board of directors. The same person may hold any two of such offices, except the office of secretary may not be held by any person holding the office of president. Section 2. Election, Term of Office and Qualifications. Officers of the corporation shall be chosen annually by the board of directors at its regular meeting immediately following the annual meeting of stockholders, and each officer shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor shall have been chosen and qualified or until he shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner hereinafter provided. Section 3. Other Officers, Agents and Employees. The board of directors may from time to time appoint such other officers as it may deem necessary, to hold office for such time as may be designated by it or during its pleasure, and may also appoint, from time to time, such agents and employees of the corporation as may be deemed proper, or may authorize any officer to appoint and remove such agents and employees, and may from time to time prescribe the powers and duties of such officers, agents and employees of the corporation in the management of its property and affairs, and may authorize any officer to prescribe the powers and duties of agents and employees. Section 4. Vacancies. If any vacancy shall occur among the officers of the corporation, such vacancy shall be filled by the board of directors. Section 5. Removal of Officers. Any officer or agent of the corporation may be removed with or without cause at any time by the board of directors or such officer as may be provided in the bylaws. Any person or agent appointed or employed by the corporation otherwise than by the board of directors may be removed with or without cause at any time by any officer having authority to appoint whenever such officer in his absolute discretion shall consider that the best interests of the corporation will be served thereby. Section 6. Chairman of the Board. The chairman of the board shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation and subject to the control of the board of directors, shall have general direction of the business affairs and property of the corporation and shall do and perform such other duties as may be prescribed in these bylaws or which may be assigned to him from time to time by the board of directors. The chairman of the board shall preside at all meetings of the board of directors and at all meetings of the stock- holders. He shall prescribe the duties and have general supervision over all other officers, employees and agents of the corporation enumerated in these bylaws or established by resolution of the board of directors or otherwise, and shall have the power to appoint, employ, suspend or remove with or without the advice of the board of directors any such officer, employee or agent unless otherwise specifically provided in these bylaws, and shall fix the salaries of all such officers, employees and agents of the corporation and its subsidiaries within the limits established from time to time by the board of directors. He shall have power to sign all stock certificates, deeds, contracts and other instruments authorized by the board of directors or its executive committee unless other direction is given therefor, and he shall be a member of all standing committees of the board except the account- ing and auditing committee and the management compensation and benefits committee. Honorary Chairman of the Board. The board of directors may appoint a former full-time officer who has held the office of chairman of the board of the corporation to the position of honorary chairman of the board and provide such person with a reasonable amount of office space as long as desired by him. If appointed, such person shall act as chairman of the senior advisory board as such body exists from time to time. Section 7. Vice Chairmen of the Board. The board of directors may appoint one or more vice chairmen of the board and, if any such officers are appointed, may assign such specific duties to any one of them as it deems necessary and advisable. Such officers may, but need not, be full-time salaried employees of the corporation. Any such full-time vice chairmen shall report to the corporation's chief executive officer and shall perform such duties as such officers may prescribe and assign from time to time. Section 8. Succession of Duties. The bylaw duties of the chairman of the board may be exercised and carried out by any vice chairmen when such have been appointed by the board of directors in the absence or disability of the chairman of the board in order of their appointment; if no vice chairmen are so appointed, then the president shall carry out such duties in the absence of the chairman of the board; and in the absence of the president, the executive vice president or any vice president in the order of their election shall carry out all such duties in the absence or disability of the chairman of the board. Section 9. President. The president shall be the chief administrative officer of the corporation and as such shall perform such duties as the chairman of the board or the board of directors may prescribe from time to time by resolution or as may be prescribed by these bylaws. He shall exercise all the powers and discharge all the duties of the chairman of the board during the latter's absence or inability to act. He shall have concurrent power with the chairman of the board to sign all deeds, contracts and instruments authorized by the board of directors or its executive committee unless the board otherwise directs, and he may be a member of the standing committees of the board except the accounting and auditing committee when appointed by the board. He shall report to the chairman of the board in carrying out his assignments and in conducting the affairs of his office. Section 10. Executive Vice President. The board of directors may elect one or more executive vice presidents and any such person so elected to such office shall perform such duties as the board of directors or the chairman of the board may assign and prescribe from time to time. Section 11. Vice Presidents. Each vice president shall have such powers and perform such duties as the board of directors or the chairman may from time to time prescribe, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed in these bylaws. Each vice president shall have power to sign all deeds, contracts and instruments authorized by the board of directors or its executive committee unless they otherwise direct. In case of the absence or inability to act of the president, and the executive vice presidents in the order of their appointments, then such vice president as the board of directors may designate for the purpose (but in the absence of such designation then the vice presidents in order of appointment) shall have the powers and discharge the duties of the president. Section 12. Secretary. The secretary shall keep the minutes of all meetings of the stockholders, the board of directors and meetings of committees of the board as they are held, in a book or books kept for that purpose. He shall keep in safe custody the seal of the corporation and he may affix such seal to any instrument duly executed on behalf of the corporation. The secretary shall have charge of the certificate books and such other books and papers as the board of directors may direct. He shall attend to the giving and serving of all notices of the corporation, and shall also have such other powers and perform such other duties as pertain to his office, or as from time to time may be assigned to him by the board of directors or the corporation's chief executive officer. Section 13. Treasurer. The treasurer shall be the principal financial and accounting officer of the corporation. He shall have charge of the funds, securities, receipts and disbursements of the corporation, and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the corporation in such banks or other depositaries as the board of directors may from time to time designate. He shall render to the chairman of the board, or to the board of directors, or to the president, whenever any of them shall require him so to do, an account of the financial condition of the corporation and its affiliates and all of his transactions as treasurer. He shall keep correct books of account of all its business and transactions. If required by the board of directors, he shall give a bond in such sum and on such conditions and with such surety as the board of directors may designate, for the faithful performance of the duties of his office and the restoration to the corporation, at the expiration of his term of office, or, in case of his death, resignation or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money or other property of whatever kind in his possession belonging to the corporation. He shall also have such other powers and perform such other duties as pertain to his office or as from time to time may be assigned to him by the board of directors or the president. Section 14. General Counsel. The general counsel, if one be appointed, shall have charge of all litigation of the corporation, and shall keep himself advised of the character and progress of all legal proceedings and claims by and against the corporation or in which it is interested by reason of its ownership and control of other corporations. He shall give to the board of directors reports from time to time on all legal matters affecting the corporation and, when requested, his opinion upon any question affecting the interests of the corporation. He may, with the consent of the chief executive officer, employ on behalf of the corporation special counsel for the handling of any legal matter pertaining to the business of the corporation which he deems necessary and advisable. The general counsel may, but need not be, a full-time salaried officer of the corporation. He shall from time to time consult with the corporation's legal advisory committee on legal matters affecting the corporation and its affiliates. Section 15. General Auditor. The general auditor, if one be appointed, shall perform such internal auditing and accounting functions with regard to the member banks and companies as the board of directors or any appropriate committee thereof may from time to time determine, and shall have such additional powers and duties as may be prescribed by these bylaws and as the board of directors or any appropriate committee thereof may from time to time determine, and shall have additional responsibilities and duties in con- nection therewith as may be prescribed by these bylaws, applicable laws and regulations or the board of directors or any appropriate committee thereof. Except as stated, the general auditor and other auditing staff shall be subject to day-to-day administrative direction of the chief executive officer of the corporation and any such officer or employee may be dismissed by the chief executive officer for reasons as may be applied in dismissing any other personnel of the corporation, provided that a report of any such dismissal of internal auditing personnel with the reasons therefor shall be made to the board of directors or its executive committee at the next succeeding meeting thereof. All other officers and personnel appointed or assigned to assist in the internal audit function of the corporation, its member banks and companies, may be assigned such day-to-day duties and responsibilities as may be necessary by the general auditor to carry out the responsibilities of the internal audit function. The office of general auditor may not be held by any person holding other offices in the corporation or its affiliates except with the specific approval of the board of directors. Section 16. Assistant Secretary. In the absence or disability of the secretary, the assistant secretary (or if more than one, then the assistant secretary designated by the board of directors or the president for such purpose) shall perform all the duties of the secretary and, when so acting, shall have all the powers of, and be subject to all the restrictions upon, the secretary. Each assistant secretary shall also perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the board of directors, the chief executive officer or the secretary. Section 17. Assistant Treasurer. In the absence or disability of the treasurer, the assistant treasurer (or if more than one, then the assistant treasurer designated by the board of directors or the chief executive officer for such purpose) shall perform all the duties of the treasurer and, when so acting, shall have all the powers of, and be subject to all restrictions upon, the treasurer. Each assistant treasurer shall also perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the board of directors, the chief executive officer or the treasurer. Section 18. Administrative Committees. The Chairman of the Board may designate administrative committees to assist the Chairman in the day-to-day operation of the corporation. Each committee shall have such authority of the Chairman as the Chairman may delegate and shall be comprised of officers of the corporation. Membership on such committees shall be at the request of the Chairman of the Board, who shall appoint or remove members with or without the advice of the board of directors, unless otherwise specifically provided in these bylaws. The Chairman shall advise the board of directors annually of the current committees and members thereof. ARTICLE VI CAPITAL STOCK Section 1. Certificates. Certificates representing shares of the capital stock of the corporation shall be in such form as is permitted by law and prescribed by the board of directors or the chief executive officer and shall be signed by the persons authorized to sign the same by the bylaws or specific resolution of the board of directors. Certificates may, but need not be, sealed with the seal of the corporation or a facsimile thereof. The signature of the officers upon such certificates may be facsimiles if the certificate is countersigned by a transfer agent or registered by registrar other than the corporation itself or an employee of the corporation. In case any officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a stock certificate shall have ceased to be such officer before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer at the date of its issue. Section 2. Issue and Registration of Certificates: Transfer Agents and Registrars. Transfer agents and/or registrars for the stock of the corporation may be appointed by the board of directors and may be required to countersign stock certificates. Certificates of stock shall be issued in consecutive order and the certificate books shall be kept at an office of the corporation or at the office of the transfer agent. Certificates shall be numbered and registered in the order in which they are issued. New certificates and, in the case of cancellation, old certificates, shall, before they are delivered, be passed to a registrar if one is appointed by the board of directors, and such registrar shall register the issue or transfer of such certificates. Upon the return of the certificates by the registrar, the new certificates shall be delivered to the person entitled thereto. Section 3. Transfer of Stock. The stock of the corporation shall be transferable or assignable on the books of the corporation by the holders in person or by attorney on surrender of the certificates for such shares duly endorsed and, if sought to be transferred by attorney, accompanied by a written power of attorney to have the same transferred on the books of the corporation. Section 4. Lost, Destroyed and Mutilated Certificates. Holders of the stock of the corporation shall immediately notify the corporation of any loss, destruction or mutilation of the certificate therefor, and the board of directors may in its discretion, or any officer of the corporation appointed by the board of directors for that purpose may in his discretion, cause one or more new certificates for the same number of shares in the aggregate to be issued to such stockholder upon the surrender of the mutilated certificate or upon satisfactory proof of such loss or destruction and the deposit of a bond in such form and amount and with such surety as the board of directors may require. Section 5. Record Date. For the purposes of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend, or in order to make a determination of stockholders for any other proper purpose, the board of directors may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such determination of stockholders, such date in any case to be not more than fifty days prior to the date on which the particular action requiring such determination of stockholders is to be taken. If no record date is fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders, or stockholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend, the date on which notice of the meeting is mailed or the date on which the resolution of the board of directors declaring such dividend is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of stockholders. When a determination of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof. ARTICLE VII CONTRACTS, LOANS, BANK ACCOUNTS, CHECKS, SECURITIES, ETC.: AUTHORITY OF OFFICERS Section 1. Contracts. The board of directors may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents to enter any contract or to execute and deliver any instrument on behalf of the corporation, and such order may be general or confined to specific instances. Section 2. Loans. The board of directors may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents to effect loans and advances at any time for the corporation from any bank, trust company, insurance company, or other institution, or from any person, firm, association, or corporation, and in connection with such loans and advances to make, execute and deliver promissory notes or other evidences of indebtedness of the corporation, and, as security for the payment of any and all loans, advances, indebtedness and liabilities of the corporation, to pledge, hypothecate or transfer any and all stocks, securities and other personal property at any time held by the corporation, and to that end to transfer, endorse, assign and deliver the same in the name of the corporation. Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances, except that any pledge, hypothecation or transfer of the capital stock or assets of any subsidiary corporation shall be authorized only by a specific resolution of the board of directors. Section 3. Bank Accounts. All funds of the corporation, not otherwise employed, shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the corporation in such banks or trust companies or other depositaries as the board of directors may select. Section 4. Checks, Securities, Etc. All checks, drafts or orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the corporation, all stock powers, endorsements, assignments, or other instruments for the transfer of securities held by the corporation shall be executed and delivered by, and all such securities shall be voted and proxies for the voting thereof shall be executed and delivered by such officer or officers, agent or agents to whom the board of directors shall delegate the power, and under such conditions and restrictions as they may impose. ARTICLE VIII MISCELLANEOUS Section 1. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the corporation shall begin on the first day of January and end on the thirty-first day of December in each year. Section 2. Dividends. The board of directors may from time to time declare, and the corporation may pay, dividends on its outstanding shares in the manner and upon the terms and conditions provided by law and its Articles of Incorporation. Section 3. Corporate Seal. The board of directors shall provide a corporate seal which shall be circular in form and shall have inscribed thereon the name of the corporation, the state of Virginia, and year of incorporation and the words, "Corporate Seal". ARTICLE IX EMERGENCIES Section 1. Emergency Bylaws. During any emergency resulting from an attack on the United States or any nuclear or atomic disaster, which is declared to be such by an appropriate agency of the state or federal government, these bylaws shall be modified (but only to the extent required by such emergency) as follows: a. A meeting of the board of directors may be called by any officer or director by giving at least one hour's notice to such of the directors as it may be feasible to reach at the time and by such means as may be feasible at the time, including publication or radio. b. The directors in attendance at the meeting, if not less than three, shall constitute a quorum. To the extent required to constitute a quorum at any meeting of the board of directors, the officers of the corporation who are present shall be deemed, in order of rank and within the same rank in order of seniority, directors for such meeting. For purposes of this bylaw, officers shall rank as follows: chairman of the board, vice chairmen, president, executive vice president, senior vice president, vice president, secretary, treasurer, assistant vice president, assistant secretary, and assistant treasurer. Officers holding similar titles shall rank in the order of their appointment. Section 2. Termination of Emergency. Except as provided in this article, the regular bylaws of the corporation shall remain in full force and effect during any emergency, and upon its termination, these emergency bylaws shall cease to be operative. ARTICLE X AMENDMENTS The board of directors shall have the power to alter, amend or repeal any bylaws of the corporation and to adopt new bylaws; but any bylaws made by the board of directors may be repealed or changed, and new bylaws made, by the stockholders, who may prescribe that any bylaw made by them shall not be altered, amended or repealed by the board of directors.