SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION


                             WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549


                                    FORM 8-K


                                 CURRENT REPORT


     Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934



                                 Date of report
                                January 31, 1997


                                Rio Grande, Inc.
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


                                    Delaware
                 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)



1-8287                                                74-1973357
(Commission File Number)                (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)



10101 Reunion Place, Suite 210
San Antonio, Texas                                          78216-4156
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Address of principal executive offices)                    (Zip Code)


               Registrant's telephone number, including area code:
                                 (210) 308-8000







Item 2.           Acquisition or Disposition of Assets

         Acquisition.   On  January  16,  1997,   Rio  Grande   Offshore,   Ltd.
("Offshore")  completed the  acquisition  of producing oil and gas properties in
the  Righthand  Creek  Field  ("Righthand   Creek")  located  in  Allen  Parish,
Louisiana.  The effective date of the Righthand Creek acquisition is November 1,
1996. The acquisition  price for Righthand Creek is approximately  $15.3 million
for total proved  producing  reserves of  approximately 2 million barrels of oil
and 2 Bcf natural gas net to  Offshore's  interest and is subject to  adjustment
under certain  circumstances as described  below.  The acquired  properties have
recently  produced  approximately  700 barrels of oil and 700 MCF of natural gas
per day net to Rio  Grande's  interest.  Drilling  will be the  operator for the
seven existing wells, which are currently producing from the Wilcox formation.

         The Righthand Creek  acquisition was funded by approximately $9 million
borrowed from Comerica Bank - Texas,  as described in Item 5, and  approximately
$6 million of the proceeds of a $10 million private placement of preferred stock
to Koch Exploration  Company  ("Koch"),  an affiliate of Koch Industries,  Inc.,
further described in Item 5 below. The Purchase and Sale Agreement pertaining to
the Righthand  Creek  acquisition was filed as an exhibit and is incorporated by
reference in the Form 10-QSB filed for the quarter ended October 31, 1996.

         The Purchase and Sale  Agreement  provides  that  Offshore will conduct
certain drilling operations on undeveloped  leasehold acreage within twelve (12)
months of the closing date.  Offshore must commence the spud-in of two (2) wells
within twelve months of closing to test the Wilcox "B" Sand;  however,  Offshore
does have the option to  re-enter an existing  well  located on the  undeveloped
acreage which would count as one well. In the event that Offshore fails to drill
either of the  required  wells to the Wilcox "B"  formation,  the seller has the
right to  require  Offshore  to convey to the seller a working  interest  in the
unearned acreage.

         In connection  with  Offshore's  requirement to develop the undeveloped
leasehold  acreage,  the  sellers  have the option to obtain a working  interest
ranging  from  10 to 20  percent  in all new  wells  completed,  effective  upon
Offshore  obtaining  project  payout.  Project payout for the wells completed by
Offshore will occur when Offshore has received  proceeds from  production of the
wells  drilled in the amount equal to all actual costs of drilling,  completing,
re-completing, equipping, maintaining, producing and operating the new wells. If
the sellers  exercise  their  options in their  entirety,  the sellers'  working
interest  will remain in effect until the sellers have  recovered  the sum of $7
million out of their proportionate  shares of proceeds from production sales net
of recoverable  costs and expenses  proportionate to their working  interests in
the wells drilled.  The working  interests  obtained by the sellers as described
above would then revert back to Offshore.


Item 5.           Other Events

         Bank  Financing.  Effective  January 16, 1997, the Company and Drilling
executed the First Amendment to Loan Agreement ("First Amendment") with Comerica
Bank - Texas which  provided for the increase of the senior  credit  facility to
$50 million and the increase of the borrowing base

                                       -2-





("Borrowing  Base") to  approximately  $17  million.  The First  Amendment  also
provided  for  extending  the  maturity  date of the senior  credit  facility to
February 1, 2000. The Borrowing Base is subject to monthly reductions of $75,000
for February and March, 1997 and thereafter is subject to monthly  reductions of
$333,000 until  maturity or the next  determination  of the Borrowing  Base. The
Borrowing  Base of $17 million  shall remain in effect  until  February 1, 1998;
however, the Company may request a redetermination  prior to February 1, 1998 at
the Company's sole expense.

         The interest rate options  available to the Company are based either on
a prime rate determination or a Eurodollar rate  determination.  The outstanding
principal  balance under the Borrowing Base will be subject to the Comerica Bank
- - Texas  prime  rate  plus  1/2  percent  calculated  on  actual  days of a year
consisting of 365 days unless written notice is provided to the bank to elect an
amount to be  converted  to a  Eurodollar  rate  determination.  The Company can
select any amount of the  outstanding  principal  under the Borrowing Base to be
converted  into terms of 30, 60, 90 or 180 day  periods.  The  interest  rate is
based on the time period selected plus an incremental margin payable to Comerica
Bank - Texas  equivalent to 2.25% per annum.  Interest under the Eurodollar rate
is determined on actual days in a year based on 360 days. For any unused portion
of the Borrowing  Base, a commitment fee of 3/8ths of one percent per annum will
be charged to the Company. Comerica Bank - Texas was paid a loan origination fee
of $75,000 to facilitate the First Amendment.

The current outstanding principal balance is $13,300,000.

                  Private Placement of Preferred Stock.

         In  August  1996,  the  Company  engaged  Reid  Securities  Corporation
("Reid") as its exclusive agent to assist the Company in effectuating  the sales
of  equity  in the  Company  by  means of  private  placement  to  institutional
investors.  On January 15, 1997, the Company filed a Certificate of Designation,
Preferences and Rights of Series A Preferred  Stock,  Series B Preferred  Stock,
and  Series C  Preferred  Stock  ("Certificate")  with the  Secretary  of State,
Delaware.  A copy of the Certificate is filed as an exhibit to this report.  The
Certificate  amended the Company's  Certificate  of  Incorporation  to establish
three new series of preferred  stock  consisting  of 700,000  shares of Series A
Preferred Stock,  500,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, and 500,000 shares
of Series C  Preferred  Stock,  each  having a par value of $.01 per share.  The
remaining  1,300,000 of the Company's  3,000,000 shares of authorized  preferred
stock  remains   undesignated.   The   Certificate   provides  for  the  rights,
preferences,  powers,  restrictions and limitations of the respective  series of
preferred stock,  and the summary of the rights,  preferences and other terms of
the  respective  series of preferred  stock set forth herein is qualified in its
entirety by reference to the Certificate attached hereto as an exhibit.

         Series A Preferred  Stock.  Pursuant to the Koch  Agreement (as defined
herein), 500,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were initially issued by the
Company for  consideration  of $10 per share.  Holders of the Series A Preferred
Stock, which has a face value of $10, shall be entitled to receive, out of funds
legally  available,  cumulative  dividends  at the rate of 15% of the face value
payable on the first day of February, May, August and November of each year. The
first  dividend  payment  date  will be May 1,  1997 and will  include  pro-rata
dividends from the date of issuance on January 16, 1997 to May 1, 1997.

                                       -3-





         In the event of any voluntary or involuntary  liquidation,  dissolution
or winding up of the  Company,  holders of Series A  Preferred  Stock shall have
preference,  second only to the senior credit  facility,  to the distribution of
the assets of the Company up to an amount equal to the  aggregate  face value of
the then outstanding Series A Preferred Stock plus accrued but unpaid dividends.
The  Company's  merger,  consolidation  or any other  combination  into  another
corporation,  partnership  or other entity which results in the exchange of more
than 50% of the voting  securities  of the Company  requires  the consent of the
majority of the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock; however, the holders of
the Series A Preferred Stock are not entitled to any other voting rights.

         If the Company  completes a registered  public  offering before January
16,  2002,  all of the  outstanding  shares of Series A Preferred  Stock must be
redeemed  at face value plus any accrued  and unpaid  dividends.  If the Company
does not successfully complete a registered public offering by January 16, 2002,
the holders of a majority of the outstanding Series A Preferred Stock after that
date may at anytime  during the first 10 days after each  dividend  payment date
require  the Company to redeem  shares of the Series A Preferred  Stock equal to
10% of the  aggregate  number of shares of Series A Preferred  Stock the Company
issued.  The  Company  may  redeem  after  January  16,  2003 all of the  issued
outstanding  shares of Series A Preferred  Stock if all accrued  dividends  have
been  declared and paid prior to the notice of  redemption  by the Company.  The
Company  must pay a premium of 10% of the face  value of the Series A  Preferred
Stock to effectuate such redemption.

         Series B Preferred  Stock.  Pursuant to the Koch  Agreement (as defined
herein),  500,000 shares of Series B Preferred  Stock were issued by the Company
for  consideration  of $10 per share.  Holders of the Series B Preferred  Stock,
which has a face value of $10 per share,  shall be entitled  to receive,  out of
funds  legally  available,  cumulative  dividends  at the rate of .035 shares of
Series C  Preferred  Stock,  which also has a face  value of $10 per share.  The
dividend  payment  date for the  Series B  Preferred  Stock is the  first day of
February,  May,  August and November of each year with the first  dividend to be
paid May 1,  1997 and  shall  include  dividends  beginning  February  1,  1997.
Dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock are payable in preference and priority
to payment of dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock.

         In the event of any voluntary or involuntary  liquidation,  dissolution
or winding up of the  Company,  holders of Series B  Preferred  Stock shall have
preference in the distribution of the assets of the Company after and subject to
the payment of the senior  credit  facility  and payment in full of all amounts,
including  accrued  but unpaid  dividends,  required  to be  distributed  to the
holders of Series A Preferred  Stock.  The Series B Preferred Stock  liquidation
preference  shall be in an amount equal to the aggregate  face value of the then
outstanding Series B Preferred Stock plus accrued but unpaid dividends.

         If the Company  successfully  completes a registered public offering on
or before  January 16, 2002 which  results in gross  proceeds  greater  than $15
million  but less than $20 million  each holder of Series B Preferred  Stock may
elect to require the Company to redeem not more than one-half of the then issued
and  outstanding  shares of Series B  Preferred  Stock at an amount per share of
Series B Preferred  Stock equal to the offering  price per share of common stock
in the  registered  public  offering.  Any holders of Series B  Preferred  Stock
electing to redeem shares will have an equal

                                       -4-





percentage  of Series B  Preferred  Stock  converted  into  common  stock of the
Company.

         Upon  the  successful   completion  of  a  registered  public  offering
resulting  in gross  proceeds  to the  Company of more than $20 million and at a
price per share of common  stock which is equal to or greater than the per share
value of the  aggregate  face value of the issued and  outstanding  Series B and
Series C Preferred  Stock  divided by the total number of shares of common stock
issuable  upon  conversion  of the Series B  Preferred  Stock at the time of the
offering,  all  outstanding  Series B  Preferred  Stock  shall be  automatically
converted into common stock of the Company.  Thereafter,  outstanding  shares of
the Series B Preferred Stock shall be deemed cancelled.

         If the  Company  does not  successfully  complete a  registered  public
offering on or before  January 16, 2002,  then at any time after that date,  but
only during the first 10 days after each dividend payment date, the holders of a
majority of the issued and  outstanding  Series B  Preferred  Stock may elect to
require  the  Company to redeem up to 10% of the  aggregate  number of shares of
Series B Preferred  Stock  issued by the  Company.  The Company may redeem after
January 16, 2003, all of the issued and outstanding shares of Series B Preferred
Stock if all accrued  dividends  have been declared and paid prior to the notice
of redemption  by the Company.  The  redemption  price will be face value of all
outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock plus a premium of 10% of the face
value of Series B Preferred Stock.

         Holders  of Series B  Preferred  Stock have the option and right at any
time upon the surrender of certificates representing Series B Preferred Stock to
convert  each  share of Series B  Preferred  Stock into  5.26795  fully paid and
nonassessable  shares of common stock of the Company,  subject to  adjustment as
set forth in the  Certificate.  The  holders  of Series B  Preferred  Stock have
certain  anti-dilutive rights such that if any additional shares of common stock
are  issued  by the  Company  at any time  after  January  16,  1997 but  before
conversion  of any Series B Preferred  Stock is converted and if the issue price
per share of common stock is less than the then applicable  conversion price, as
defined in the  Certificate,  holders of the  Series B  Preferred  Stock will be
granted an  adjustment  to the number of shares of common  stock  issuable  upon
conversion. The initial conversion price per share is $1.898. The initial number
of fully diluted shares at January 16, 1997 is  10,974,895,  which is the sum of
common shares currently issued and outstanding,  shares of common stock reserved
for current and future  option plans,  plus shares  reserved for the exercise of
warrants granted to certain  subordinated debt holders on September 27, 1995 and
those shares which are reserved  pursuant to  conversion  rights of the Series B
Preferred  Stock.  The aggregate number of shares of common stock into which the
Series B Preferred Stock can initially be converted is 2,633,975 shares, subject
to adjustment from time to time as set forth in the Certificate.

         Voting Rights - Series B Preferred Stock. Holders of all the issued and
outstanding  500,000  shares of Series B Preferred  Stock will  collectively  be
eligible  to cast votes  equivalent  to 24% of the then  issued and  outstanding
shares of common stock on all matters  submitted to the shareholders for vote at
any annual or special  shareholders  meeting.  If at any time the  Company is in
arrears  in  whole  or in part  with  regard  to  quarterly  dividends  and such
nonpayment  remains in effect for three consecutive  dividend payment dates, the
holders of the Series B Preferred Stock may notify the Company of their election
to exercise rights to cast votes equivalent to 51% of the then

                                       -5-





issued and outstanding shares of common stock. At any time that the holders hold
less than 500,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock,  the voting  percentage of
either 24% or 51% is reduced on a pro-rata basis.

         Board of Directors.  The holders of Series B Preferred Stock shall have
the right to nominate and elect to the  Company's  Board of  Directors  nominees
representing  not less than one-third of the number of members  constituting the
Board of  Directors  so long as there are more than  200,000  shares of Series B
Preferred  Stock  issued and  outstanding.  Koch has advised the Company that it
shall nominate Dale G. Schlinsog,  Vice President of Koch Capital Services,  and
Todd E. Banks, Chief Financial Officer of Koch Capital Services, to serve on the
Board of  Directors  during the  interim  period and until the next  election of
directors at the annual meeting of shareholders. It is anticipated that the same
individuals  will be placed on the ballot for election at the annual  meeting of
shareholders to be held July 1, 1997.

         If at any time the issued and outstanding  shares of Series B Preferred
Stock are less  than  200,000,  the  holders  shall  have the right to elect one
director to the Company's Board.

         If at any time  the  Company  is in  arrears  in whole or in part  with
regard to quarterly  dividends and such  nonpayment  remains in effect for three
consecutive  quarters or, if a Significant Event (as defined in the Certificate)
occurs,  the  holders  have the right at any  annual or  special  meeting of the
shareholders to nominate and elect such number of individuals as shall after the
election shall represent a majority of the number of directors  constituting the
Company's  Board.  A Significant  Event shall mean and be deemed to exist if (i)
the Company files a voluntary petition, or there is filed against the Company an
involuntary  petition,   seeking  relief  under  any  applicable  bankruptcy  or
insolvency law, (ii) a receiver is appointed for any of the Company's properties
or  assets,  (iii) the  Company  makes or  consents  to the  making of a general
assignment for the benefit of creditors or (iv) the Company becomes insolvent or
generally fails to pay, or admits in writing its inability or  unwillingness  to
pay,  its debts as they  become due. At such time that there is a cure or waiver
received  in writing  from the  holders of a majority  of the Series B Preferred
Stock, the additional board members elected by the holders shall be removed from
the Company's Board.

         Series C Preferred  Stock.  The  holders of Series C  Preferred  Stock,
which has a face value of $10 shall be entitled to receive cumulative dividends,
out of funds legally available,  at the rate of 14% of the face value payable on
the first day of  February,  May,  August and  November of each year.  The first
dividend  payment date will be May 1, 1997 and will include  pro-rata  dividends
from  January 16,  1997.  Shares of Series C  Preferred  Stock will be issued as
dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock. No shares of Series C Preferred Stock
were initially issued in connection with  consummation of the sale of the Series
A and Series B Preferred Stock pursuant to the Koch Agreement.

         In the event of any voluntary or involuntary  liquidation,  dissolution
or winding up of the  Company,  the  holders  of the then  outstanding  Series C
Preferred Stock shall have  preference in the  distribution of the assets of the
Company,  after and subject to the payment in full of all amounts required to be
distributed to the holders of Series A and Series B Preferred  Stock. The Series
C

                                       -6-





Preferred  Stock  liquidation  preference  shall  be in an  amount  equal to the
aggregate  face  value of the then  outstanding  Series C  Preferred  Stock plus
accrued but unpaid dividends.  Series C Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to
any voting rights other than provided by law.

         If the Company  successfully  completes a registered public offering on
or before  January 16, 2002  resulting in gross  proceeds to the Company of more
than $20 million  and at a price per share of common  stock which is equal to or
greater than the per share value of the  aggregate  face value of the issued and
outstanding Series B and Series C Preferred Stock divided by the total number of
shares of common stock issuable upon  conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock
at the time of the offering, all issued and outstanding Series B Preferred Stock
shall be  automatically  converted  into  common  stock of the  Company  and the
Company  then has the right to redeem all of the Series C Preferred  Stock for a
redemption  price of $0.01 per share. The redemption shall occur on the same day
on which the  registered  public  offering is  completed.  If there is a partial
conversion of Series B Preferred  Stock, the Company has the right to redeem the
number of shares of Series C Preferred  Stock which were issued as  dividends to
such  Series  B  Preferred  Stock  being  redeemed.  If  the  Company  does  not
successfully  complete a  registered  public  offering on or before  January 16,
2002,  then at any time after  January 16,  2002,  but only during the first ten
days after each  dividend  payment  date,  the  majority  of holders of Series C
Preferred  Stock may require  the  Company to redeem up to 10% of the  aggregate
number of shares of Series C Preferred Stock issued by the Company. The Company,
at any time after  January  16,  2003,  may  redeem  all of the then  issued and
outstanding  shares of Series C Preferred  Stock at face value plus a premium of
10% of the face value if all accrued  dividends have been paid before the notice
of redemption.

         The  holders  of  Series C  Preferred  Stock  may not  transfer  shares
independently  and apart from the underlying  shares of Series B Preferred Stock
for which holders  received  such  preferred  stock.  All shares of Series B and
Series  C  Preferred  Stock  shall  bear a  legend  which  shall  advise  of the
restrictions  on transfer  including  that the shares  have not been  registered
under the  Securities  Act of 1933 and that the shares are  subject to the terms
and conditions of the Certificate.

         Preferred    Stock    Purchase     Agreement    ("Koch     Agreement").
Contemporaneously  with the Righthand  Creek  acquisition,  the Company and Koch
concluded a $10 million private placement for the designated  preferred stock as
described above. Koch acquired 500,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock for $5
million and 500,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock for $5 million.  Reid, as
the  investment  banker,  was paid  $250,000 plus expenses from the proceeds for
representing the Company in the private  placement.  Approximately $6 million of
the  proceeds  of the private  placement  was used to acquire  Righthand  Creek.
Approximately  $2 million has been used by the  Company to retire the  Company's
11.5%  Subordinated  Notes  dated  September  27,  1995.  The  Company  incurred
approximately  $300,000 in closing costs and other fees for the placement of the
equity and the purchase of Righthand Creek. The remaining  proceeds will be used
to develop and workover  various behind pipe or undeveloped  reserves of Company
owned oil and gas properties.

         The First  Amendment  to the senior  credit  facility  provides for the
payment of dividends on the various  preferred  stock acquired by Koch unless an
event  of  default  under  the  senior  credit  facility  has  occurred  and  is
continuing. The Koch Agreement provides for certain restrictions on the

                                       -7-





Company's total indebtedness. The Company can only increase indebtedness through
the senior credit  facility;  however,  if the  incurrence  of  additional  debt
results in the Company's total  indebtedness  exceeding 65% of the present value
of the Company's  proved  reserves  discounted at 12%, the Company  cannot incur
such additional  debt. The Koch Agreement does provide Koch the right and option
to purchase up to an additional  200,000  shares of Series A Preferred  Stock at
the face  value of $10 per share of Series A  Preferred  Stock at any time after
January 16, 1999 but on or before January 16, 2000. This option may be exercised
in whole or in part. The Koch  Agreement also provides for a financing  right of
first refusal.  If the Company  intends to issue new  securities,  it shall give
Koch  written  notice  of such  intention,  describing  the  amount of funds the
Company wishes to raise, the type of new securities to be issued,  the price and
general  terms.  Koch has 15 days from the date of receipt of notice to agree to
purchase all or part of such new securities.

         Under  the Koch  Agreement  and  pursuant  to a Master  Commodity  Swap
Agreement  between the Company and Koch Oil  Company,  the Company has agreed to
put in place a price  risk  protection  program in the form of one or more swap,
hedge,  floor or collar  agreements to be in place for the Company's net oil and
gas  production,  using a 6:1 gas/oil ratio,  so long as Koch owns any preferred
stock in the Company.  Subject to the  conditions  of the First  Amendment  with
Comerica Bank - Texas, the Company is restricted to placing the following volume
and pricing  parameters for any commodity swap  transactions  of aggregate crude
oil barrels equivalent, net to the Company's interest as follows:

                  (a) For the period of  November  1, 1996  through  October 31,
                  1997, 700 Bbls oil equivalent at a base price of $20.09/Bbl

                  (b) For the period of  November  1, 1997  through  October 31,
                  1998, 600 Bbls oil equivalent at a base price of $20.06/Bbl

                  (c) For the period of  November  1, 1998  through  October 31,
                  1999, 500 Bbls oil equivalent at a base price of $20.23/Bbl

         The  Company has also  agreed to enter into  negotiations  with Koch to
enter into one or more  marketing  agreements  within 30 days of closing for the
purchase,  sale and  transportation  of all oil and gas products produced by the
Company so long as Koch owns a majority  of the Series B  Preferred  Stock.  The
Company  currently  has a  marketing  agreement  in place  with  another  party,
therefore  the  marketing  agreement  to be  negotiated  with Koch  will  become
effective  at such  time  when the  existing  contract  expires.  The  marketing
agreement to be negotiated with Koch shall be at arms-length,  for a term of not
less than five years and shall incorporate terms and conditions  satisfactory to
the Company and Comerica Bank - Texas.

         As a condition to consummating the Koch Agreement,  Robert A. Buschman,
Guy Bob  Buschman,  Koch  and the  Company  executed  a  Stockholders  Agreement
("Stockholders  Agreement").  Under the terms of the Stockholders  Agreement, if
prior to January 18, 2002,  either Buschman  proposes to accept an offer to sell
their shares of the Company's  common stock,  then either  Buschman shall notify
Koch regarding such offer and Koch may elect to participate in the sale

                                       -8-





of common stock on the same terms and conditions.  Excluded from the limitations
in the  Stockholders  Agreement  are  certain  Permitted  Transfers  more  fully
described therein.  Likewise,  Koch may not sell any Series B Preferred Stock to
an outsider,  as defined in the  agreement,  without first offering the Series B
Preferred  Stock to the Buschmans.  Pursuant to the  Stockholders  Agreement the
Buschmans  also agreed to vote shares owned by them for any Koch nominees to the
Board of Directors from and after  conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock to
Common Stock.

         The Stockholders Agreement will terminate upon the earlier of:

                  (a)       consummation  of a public  offering which results in
                            aggregate net proceeds of not less than $20 million;
                            
                  (b)       death of either party  thereto;  

                  (c)       Koch  ceases  to  own  50,000  shares  of  Series  A
                            Preferred Stock, 50,000 shares of Series B Preferred
                            Stock, or more than 10% of common stock shares;

                  (d)       either  Buschman  ceases  to own  more  than  10% of
                            outstanding common stock; or

                  (e)       five years.

         An  additional  condition of closing  required  that Guy Bob  Buschman,
President and Chief  Executive  Officer,  and Gary Scheele,  Vice  President and
Chief Financial Officer,  enter into employment  agreements with the Company and
Drilling  for  initial  terms  of  five  years  which  may be  renewed  annually
thereafter  at base  salaries of $125,000 and $100,000 per annum,  respectively.
Any subsequent increase in base salaries,  payment of bonuses or grants of stock
options will be at the sole discretion of the Board of Directors. Under terms of
the employment agreement, Buschman and Scheele are provided company vehicles for
business and  personal  use at the sole expense of the Company.  The Company may
terminate the  employment  agreements at any time for cause by providing 15 days
notice to the  individuals,  or at its sole discretion pay the individual for 15
days in lieu of notice.  If the  individual is  terminated  without  cause,  the
Company  shall pay the  individual  three  years of the  annual  base  salary in
effect,  and, also an amount sufficient,  after taking into effect  individual's
federal  and  state  income  taxes,  to pay the  exercise  price of any  options
granted,  and pay the individual's  COBRA cost for eighteen months following the
termination date.

         The  Registration  Rights  Agreement  grants  Koch up to  three  demand
registration  rights upon notice to the Company  from holders of at least 40% of
the  Registrable  Securities,  which  is  defined  in  the  Registration  Rights
Agreement to mean the Common Stock issued and issuable  upon  conversion  of the
Series B Preferred  Stock,  including  any dividends or  distributions  thereon.
Whenever a demand registration is made, the Company shall be entitled to include
in any registration statement shares of Common Stock to be sold by other holders
of Common Stock with registration  rights that allow such holders to participate
in the registration and shares of Common Stock to be sold by the Company for its
own account, subject to underwriter's cutbacks.

         The Company may not cause any other registration of securities for sale
for its own account or for persons other than a holder of Registrable Securities
(other than a registration effected solely to implement an employee benefit plan
or a transaction to which Rule 145 of the Commission is

                                       -9-





applicable, or as may be required pursuant to the terms of those certain Warrant
Agreements,  as  amended  through  the date  hereof,  issued by the  Company  in
connection  with  the  Company's  1995  11.50%  Subordinated  Notes)  to  become
effective less than 180 days after the effective date of any demand registration
required pursuant to the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement.

         The  Company  has  limited  rights  to  postpone  or avoid  the  demand
registration  obligations  contained in the Registration  Rights Agreement under
certain  circumstances,  such  as  when  the  Company  is  already  preparing  a
registration  statement  when a demand is received,  when the Board of Directors
shall determine in good faith that an offering would interfere materially with a
pending or contemplated financing,  merger, sale of assets,  recapitalization or
other similar  corporate  action of the Company,  or when the Board of Directors
shall determine in good faith that the  disclosures  required in connection with
such a registration could reasonably be expected to materially  adversely affect
the business or prospects of the Company.

         The  Registration  Rights  Agreements  also  provides  for  "piggyback"
registration rights for holders of Registrable Securities. If the Company at any
time proposes a Registered  Public Offering,  it must give written notice to all
holders of  Registrable  Securities  of its intention to do so. Upon the written
request of any  holders of  Registrable  Securities  given  within 20 days after
transmittal  by the Company to the  holders of such  notice,  the Company  will,
subject to the limits contained in the Registration Rights Agreement,  including
underwriter cutbacks, use its best efforts to cause those Registrable Securities
of said requesting holders to be included in such registration statement.

         The following  documents  are attached as exhibits to this report:  (1)
Certificate of Designation,  Preferences and Rights of Series A Preferred Stock,
Series B Preferred Stock, and Series C Preferred Stock of Rio Grande, Inc. dated
January  15,  1997;  (2)  Preferred  Stock  Purchase   Agreement   between  Koch
Exploration   Company  and  Rio  Grande,   Inc.  dated  January  16,  1997;  (3)
Registration  Rights  Agreement  between Rio Grande,  Inc. and Koch  Exploration
Company dated January 16, 1997;  (4)  Stockholders  Agreement  between Robert A.
Buschman, Guy Bob Buschman, Rio Grande, Inc., and Koch Exploration Company dated
January 16,  1997;  (5) First  Amendment to Loan  Agreement  between Rio Grande,
Inc.,  Rio Grande  Drilling  Company and Comerica Bank - Texas dated January 15,
1997; (6) Employment  Agreement  between Rio Grande,  Inc., Rio Grande  Drilling
company and Guy Bob Buschman dated January 16, 1997;  (7)  Employment  Agreement
between Rio Grande,  Inc.,  Rio Grande  Drilling  Company and Gary Scheele dated
January 16, 1997; and (8) Master  Commodity  Swap Agreement  between Rio Grande,
Inc. and Koch Oil Company dated January 16, 1997.

         All summaries of any terms and  provisions  of any of these  agreements
set forth  above and any  reference  thereto is  qualified  in its  entirety  by
reference to the actual agreements and documents filed herewith as exhibits.






                                      -10-





Item 7.           Financial Statements and Exhibits

                  (a)      Financial Statements

                           Because  the  historical  financial  records  for the
                           acquisition  of Righthand  Creek were not  accessible
                           from the  seller  prior to the  closing  date,  it is
                           impracticable  to  provide  the  required   financial
                           statements for the  acquisition at the time this Form
                           8-K  is  filed.  The  Company  anticipates  that  the
                           required  financial   information   relative  to  the
                           Righthand Creek  acquisition  will be filed in a Form
                           8-K/A prior to March 31, 1997.

                  (b)      Exhibits

                           Number                  Document

                           4(i)     Certificate of Designation,  Preferences and
                                    Rights of Series A Preferred Stock, Series B
                                    Preferred  Stock,  and  Series  C  Preferred
                                    Stock of Rio Grande,  Inc. dated January 15,
                                    1997 (E-1).

                           4(j)     Preferred Stock Purchase  Agreement  between
                                    Koch  Exploration  Company  and Rio  Grande,
                                    Inc. dated January 16, 1997 (E-35).

                           4(k)     Registration  Rights  Agreement  between Rio
                                    Grande,  Inc. and Koch  Exploration  Company
                                    dated January 16, 1997 (E-79).

                           4(l)     Stockholders  Agreement  between  Robert  A.
                                    Buschman,  Guy  Bob  Buschman,  Rio  Grande,
                                    Inc.,  and Koch  Exploration  Company  dated
                                    January 16, 1997 (E-95).

                           10(k)    First  Amendment to Loan  Agreement  between
                                    Rio  Grande,   Inc.,  Rio  Grande   Drilling
                                    Company  and  Comerica  Bank -  Texas  dated
                                    January 15, 1997 (E-107).

                           10(l)    Employment  Agreement  between  Rio  Grande,
                                    Inc.,  Rio Grande  Drilling  Company and Guy
                                    Bob Buschman dated January 16, 1997 (E-138).

                           10(m)    Employment  Agreement  between  Rio  Grande,
                                    Inc., Rio Grande  Drilling  Company and Gary
                                    Scheele dated January 16, 1997 (E-148).

                           10(n)    Master Commodity Swap Agreement  between Rio
                                    Grande,  Inc.  and  Koch Oil  Company  dated
                                    January 16, 1997 (E-158).


                                      -11-






                                   SIGNATURES

         Pursuant to the requirement of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant  has duly  caused  this  report  to be  signed  on its  behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

                                             RIO GRANDE, INC.



                                             By:     /s/
                                                 Guy Bob Buschman, President


Dated:            January 31, 1997

                                      -12-





                                   

                           CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION,
                             PREFERENCES AND RIGHTS

                                       OF

                            SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK
                            SERIES B PREFERRED STOCK
                            SERIES C PREFERRED STOCK

                                       OF

                                RIO GRANDE, INC.


         RIO  GRANDE,  INC.,  a Delaware  corporation  (the  "Company"),  acting
pursuant to Section 151 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware,  does hereby
submit the following  Certificate of Designation,  Preferences and Rights of its
Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock.

         FIRST: The name of the Company is Rio Grande, Inc.

         SECOND:  At a duly  called  meeting  of the Board of  Directors  of the
Company held January 15, 1997, the following resolutions were duly adopted:

         WHEREAS the  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of the Company  authorizes
preferred  stock  consisting  of  3,000,000  shares,  par  value  $.01 per share
("Preferred  Stock"),  issuable  from  time to time in one or more  series,  and
common stock consisting of 12,000,000  shares, par value $.01 per share ("Common
Stock"); and

         WHEREAS  the  Board  of  Directors  of the  Company  is  authorized  to
establish and fix the number of shares to be included in any series of Preferred
Stock  and  the  designation,  rights,  preferences,  powers,  restrictions  and
limitations of the shares of such series; and

         WHEREAS it is the desire of the Board of Directors to establish and fix
the number of shares to be included in three new series of Preferred  Stock,  to
wit:  700,000  shares of Series A Preferred  Stock,  500,000  shares of Series B
Preferred  Stock and  500,000  shares of Series C  Preferred  Stock,  having the
respective rights,  preferences,  powers, restrictions and limitations described
below;


                                       E-1





         NOW,  THEREFORE,  BE IT  RESOLVED  that  pursuant  to  Section 4 of the
Company's Certificate of Incorporation,  as amended, there is hereby established
the following  series of Preferred Stock, par value $.01, of the Company to have
the  following  designations,  rights,  preferences,  powers,  restrictions  and
limitations,  which shall be deemed to be set forth in a supplement to Section 4
of the Company's Certificate of Incorporation:

A.       Series A Preferred Stock.

         There is hereby  established a Series A Preferred Stock,  consisting of
700,000  shares,  having a face value of $10.00 per share (the "Face Value") and
having the rights,  preferences,  powers, restrictions and limitations set forth
in this Article A. For all purposes in this Article A pertaining to the Series A
Preferred Stock, the term "Junior Stock" shall include Series B Preferred Stock,
Series C Preferred  Stock,  Common Stock and other  capital stock of the Company
not  expressly  designated  to be on  parity  with or  senior  to the  Series  A
Preferred Stock.

         A.1.     Dividends.

         The  holders of the  Series A  Preferred  Stock  shall be  entitled  to
receive,  out of funds legally available therefor,  cumulative  dividends at the
rate of 15% of the  Face  Value of the  Series A  Preferred  Stock  (subject  to
appropriate  adjustments  in the  event  of any  stock  dividend,  stock  split,
combination or other similar  recapitalization  affecting such shares) per share
per  annum,  payable  in  preference  and  priority  to any  payment of any cash
dividend on Junior Stock and payable on the first day of February,  May,  August
and November of each year ("Dividend Payment Date"), when and as declared by the
Board of Directors of the Company; provided that the first Dividend Payment Date
shall be May 1, 1997 and such dividend payment shall include pro-rata  dividends
from the date of issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock to January 31, 1997.

         Such  dividends  shall  accrue  with  respect to each share of Series A
Preferred  Stock from the date on which such share is issued and outstanding and
thereafter  shall be deemed to accrue  from day to day  whether or not earned or
declared and whether or not there exists profits, surplus or other funds legally
available for the payment of dividends,  and shall be cumulative so that if such
dividends on the Series A Preferred  Stock shall not have been paid, or declared
and set apart for payment,  the  deficiency  shall be fully paid or declared and
set apart for payment before any dividend shall be paid or declared or set apart
for any Junior Stock and before any purchase or  acquisition of any Junior Stock
is made by the Company.  At the earlier of: (i) prior to the  redemption  of the
Series A Preferred  Stock;  (ii) three (3) days prior to the  consummation of an
underwritten Registered Public Offering of the type described in Section A.4(a);
or (iii) the liquidation of the Company, the sale of the Company or, directly or
indirectly, all or substantially all of its assets, or the merger, consolidation
or other  combination  of the Company with another  entity in a  transaction  in
which the  Company is not the  surviving  entity,  any  accrued  but  undeclared
dividends shall be paid to the holders of record of outstanding shares of Series
A Preferred  Stock. No accumulation of dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock
shall bear interest.

         A.2.     Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up.

                                       E-2





         (a)  In  the  event  of  any  voluntary  or  involuntary   liquidation,
dissolution  or winding  up of the  Company,  the  holders of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock then outstanding  shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets
of the  Company  available  for  distribution  to its  stockholders,  before any
payment  shall  be made to the  holders  of  Junior  Stock  by  reason  of their
ownership  thereof,  an amount  equal to the Face  Amount  per share of Series A
Preferred  Stock plus any  accrued  but unpaid  dividends  to the  payment  date
(whether  or  not  declared)  (the  "Liquidation   Value").  If  upon  any  such
liquidation,  dissolution  or winding up of the Company the remaining  assets of
the Company available for distribution to its stockholders shall be insufficient
to pay the  holders  of shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock the full  amount to
which they shall be entitled,  the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock
shall share ratably in any distribution of the remaining assets and funds of the
Company in proportion to the respective amounts which would otherwise be payable
in respect  of the shares  held by them upon such  distribution  if all  amounts
payable on or with respect to such shares were paid in full.

         (b) Unless the holders of a majority  of the Series A  Preferred  Stock
then  outstanding   otherwise  consent  in  writing  or  by  vote,  the  merger,
consolidation  or  other  combination  of  the  Company  into  or  with  another
corporation,  partnership,  limited  liability  company  or other  entity  which
results in the exchange of more than 50% of the voting securities of the Company
for securities or other  consideration  issued or paid or caused to be issued or
paid by such other corporation,  partnership, limited liability company or other
entity or an affiliate thereof, or the sale,  directly or indirectly,  of all or
substantially  all  the  assets  of  the  Company,  shall  be  deemed  to  be  a
liquidation,  dissolution  or winding up of the  Company  for  purposes  of this
Section, and shall entitle the holders of Series A Preferred Stock to receive at
the closing, in cash, securities or other property,  the amounts as specified in
Section  A.2(a) above.  The value of such property,  rights or other  securities
shall be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company.

         A.3.     Voting.

         (a)  Generally.  Except as otherwise  provided by applicable  law or as
provided  in this  Section A,  Series A  Preferred  Stock  shall not entitle the
holders thereof to any voting rights.

         (b) No  Impairment.  The  Company  shall  not  amend,  alter or  repeal
preferences,  rights,  powers or other  terms of the Series A  Preferred  Stock,
whether  in the  Certificate  of  Incorporation  or  Bylaws  of the  Company  or
otherwise,  so as to affect  adversely the Series A Preferred  Stock,  or amend,
alter or  repeal  this  Section  A.3,  without  the  prior  written  consent  or
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding  shares of
Series A Preferred Stock,  given in writing or by vote at a meeting,  consenting
or voting (as the case may be) separately as a class. For this purpose,  without
limiting the generality of the foregoing,  the  authorization or issuance of any
series of Preferred  Stock or other  capital  stock which is on a parity with or
has preference or priority over the Series A Preferred  Stock as to the right to
receive either dividends or amounts distributable upon liquidation,  dissolution
or winding up of the Company  shall be deemed to affect  adversely  the Series A
Preferred Stock.

         (c) Common Stock  Dividends.  Prior to January 16,  1999,  or if at any

                                       E-3





time the  Company  is in arrears in the  payment  of  dividends  as set forth in
Section  A.1,  the  Company  shall not  declare or pay cash  dividends  or other
distributions  on or with  respect to shares of Common  Stock  without the prior
written  consent or  affirmative  vote of the  holders of a majority of the then
outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock, given in writing or by vote at a
meeting, consenting or voting (as the case may be) separately as a class.

         A.4.     Redemption of the Series A Preferred Stock.

         (a)  Mandatory  Redemption.  If, on or before  January  16,  2002,  the
Company completes  successfully a Registered Public Offering,  the Company shall
redeem  (unless  otherwise  prevented  by law)  all  (but  not  less  than  all)
outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock (a "Mandatory  Redemption") at an
amount per share equal to the Face Value plus  accrued but unpaid  dividends  on
such  shares,  if  any,  accrued  to the  date  of  redemption  (the  "Mandatory
Redemption Price"). As used herein,  "Registered Public Offering" shall refer to
a public  offering  pursuant to an effective  registration  statement  under the
Securities  Act of 1933,  as  amended,  other than a  registration  effected  in
connection with an employee benefit plan or a transaction of a type specified in
Rule 145 under such Act (or any successor  thereto).  The redemption shall occur
on the same day on which the  Registered  Public  Offering is  consummated  (the
"Mandatory Redemption Date").

         Not more  than 60 days  nor  less  than 10 days  before  the  Mandatory
Redemption  Date,  the Company shall send notice of the Mandatory  Redemption by
first-class certified mail, postage prepaid and return receipt requested, to the
holders  of the  shares  of Series A  Preferred  Stock to be  redeemed  at their
respective  addresses as the same shall appear on the books of the Company.  The
notice  shall  refer to this  Section  A.4(a) and shall  specify  the  Mandatory
Redemption Date and the time and place of the Mandatory  Redemption.  Before, on
or after the Mandatory  Redemption Date, each holder of Series A Preferred Stock
to be redeemed shall  surrender to the Company the  certificate or  certificates
representing  such  shares,  in the  manner and at the place  designated  in the
Mandatory  Redemption  Notice,  and thereupon the Mandatory  Redemption Price of
such shares  shall be payable to the order of the person  whose name  appears on
such  certificate  or  certificates  as the owner  thereof and each  surrendered
certificate  shall  be  cancelled.   Notwithstanding  delivery  of  a  Mandatory
Redemption Notice in accordance with this Section A.4(a),  any such notice shall
be deemed  conditional  and expressly  subject to consummation of the Registered
Public Offering referred to hereinabove,  and if said Registered Public Offering
shall not be consummated,  any such Mandatory  Redemption Notice shall be deemed
void ab initio and of no force and effect.

         (b)  Redemption  at Option of Majority of Holders.  If the Company does
not successfully  complete a Registered Public Offering (as described in Section
A.4(a)) on or before  January 16, 2002,  then at any time after January 16, 2002
but only at any time during the first 10 days after each  Dividend  Payment Date
(the "Redemption  Election Period") the holders of a majority of the then issued
and outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock (the "Majority  Holders") may
elect to require the Company to redeem shares of Series A Preferred  Stock at an
amount  equal to the  Face  Value  plus  accrued  but  unpaid  dividends  to the
respective dates of redemption of the shares (the "Optional  Redemption  Price")
in accordance  with this Section  A.4(b).  The Majority  Holders may require the
Company to redeem with respect to each Redemption Election Period up to that


                                       E-4





number  of  shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock  equal to 10% of the  aggregate
number of shares  of  Series A  Preferred  Stock  that the  Company  has  issued
(whether  or not then  issued  or  outstanding,  including  shares  of  Series A
Preferred  Stock  that  were  issued  and  subsequently  redeemed  or  otherwise
cancelled) as of the beginning of such Redemption Election Period.

         If the Majority Holders elect to cause such a redemption, they shall so
notify the Company in writing (the "Redemption  Exercise Notice").  Upon receipt
of the Redemption  Exercise  Notice the Company shall promptly (and in any event
within 10 days of receipt of the Redemption  Exercise Notice) notify all holders
of Series A Preferred  Stock of such election by sending a notice (the "Optional
Redemption  Notice") by first class certified  mail,  postage prepaid and return
receipt requested to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock at their respective
addresses  as the same shall  appear on the books of the  Company.  The Optional
Redemption  Notice shall refer to this Section A.4(b) and shall specify the last
day of the month  following  the month  during  which the Company  received  the
Redemption  Exercise  Notice as the date on which  shares of Series A  Preferred
Stock will be redeemed in  accordance  with this Section  A.4(b) (the  "Optional
Redemption  Date").  The Company  shall  promptly  notify (the  "Section  A.4(b)
Redemption  Notice")  each holder of Series A  Preferred  Stock of the number of
shares of Series A Preferred  Stock held by such holder which are being redeemed
pursuant to this Section on any  Optional  Redemption  Date.  An election by the
Majority  Holders in accordance  with this Section  A.4(b) shall be binding upon
all  holders of the Series A Preferred  Stock,  and shares of Series A Preferred
Stock shall be redeemed pro rata among all holders of said shares to give effect
to the provisions of this Section A.4(b).

         Upon receipt of the Section A.4(b) Redemption Notice, and before, on or
after the Optional  Redemption  Date, each holder of Series A Preferred Stock to
be redeemed  shall  surrender  to the Company the  certificate  or  certificates
representing  such  shares,  in the  manner and at the place  designated  in the
Section A.4(b) Redemption Notice, and thereupon the Optional Redemption Price of
such shares  shall be payable to the order of the person  whose name  appears on
such  certificate  or  certificates  as the owner  thereof and each  surrendered
certificates  shall be  cancelled.  The Company shall  promptly  reissue to such
holders  (or their  nominees)  certificates  evidencing  any  shares of Series A
Preferred  Stock  represented  by the  surrendered  certificates  which  are not
redeemed.

         (c)  Redemption  at the Option of the  Company.  The Company may at any
time after January 16, 2003 redeem all of the then issued and outstanding shares
of Series A Preferred  Stock as set forth in this Section  A.4(c) if all accrued
dividends  have  been  declared  and  paid  to  the  holders  of  record  of the
outstanding  shares of Series A Preferred Stock through the most recent Dividend
Payment Date. The date of such redemption (the "Company  Redemption Date") shall
be designated in the notice described in the succeeding  paragraph and must be a
date within ten (10) business days after a Dividend Payment Date. The redemption
price  for  any  redemption  pursuant  to  this  Section  A.4(c)  (the  "Company
Redemption  Price") shall be the Face Value of all of the outstanding  shares of
Series A  Preferred  Stock plus an  additional  amount  equal to 10% of the Face
Value of such outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock.

         Not more than sixty (60) days nor less than  fifteen  (15) days  before
the Company Redemption Date, the Company shall send notice of the redemption by


                                       E-5





first-class,  certified mail, postage prepaid and return receipt  requested,  to
all of the holders of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock at their respective
addresses as the same shall appear on the books of the Company. The notice shall
refer to this Section A.4(c) and shall specify the Company  Redemption  Date and
the time and place of the redemption. Before, on or after the Company Redemption
Date, each holder of Series A Preferred Stock shall surrender to the Company the
certificate or certificates  representing  such shares, in the manner and at the
place  designated in the Company  Redemption  Notice,  and thereupon the Company
Redemption  Price of such  shares  shall be  payable  to the order of the person
whose name appears on such  certificate or certificates as the owner thereof and
each surrendered certificate shall be cancelled.

         (d)  Provision  for  Payment.  "Redemption  Date"  shall  refer  to the
Mandatory  Redemption  Date  (in the case of  redemptions  governed  by  Section
A.4(a)),  an Optional  Redemption  Date (in the case of redemptions  governed by
Section  A.4(b)),  and a  Company  Redemption  Date (in the case of  redemptions
governed by Section A.4(c).  "Redemption Price" shall mean the amount to be paid
by the Company on a particular  Redemption  Date pursuant to Section  A.4(a) (as
the Mandatory  Redemption  Price),  Section  A.4(b) (as the Optional  Redemption
Price), or Section A.4(c) (as the Company Redemption Price) as applicable. On or
prior to each Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit the Redemption Price of
all  shares  of Series A  Preferred  Stock  designated  for  redemption  on that
Redemption Date with a bank or trust  corporation  having aggregate  capital and
surplus  in  excess  of  $100,000,000  as a trust  fund for the  benefit  of the
respective holders of the shares designated for redemption and not yet redeemed,
with irrevocable  instructions and authority to the bank or trust corporation to
pay the Redemption Price for such shares to their respective holders on or after
the related  Redemption Date upon receipt of notification  from the Company that
such holder has  surrendered  his share  certificate to the Company  pursuant to
Section  A.4(a),  Section A.4(b) or Section  A.4(c) above.  As of the Redemption
Date, the deposit shall  constitute full payment of the shares being redeemed on
that  Redemption  Date,  and from and after the  Redemption  Date the  shares so
called for  redemption  on that  Redemption  Date shall be redeemed and shall be
deemed to be no longer  outstanding,  and the holders  thereof shall cease to be
stockholders  with  respect to such shares and shall have no rights with respect
thereto except the rights to receive from the bank or trust corporation  payment
of the Redemption Price of the shares, without interest, upon surrender of their
certificates  therefor.  The  balance of any  moneys  deposited  by the  Company
pursuant to this Section A.4(d)  remaining  unclaimed at the expiration of three
(3) years  following  the  Redemption  Date shall  thereafter be returned to the
Company upon its request expressed in a resolution of its Board of Directors.

         (e) Rights Upon Redemption.  From and after the Redemption Date, unless
there shall have been a default in payment of the Redemption  Price,  all rights
of the  holders of shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock to be  redeemed  on that
Redemption  Date as holders of Series A  Preferred  Stock  (except  the right to
receive  the  Redemption   Price  without   interest  upon  surrender  of  their
certificate or certificates)  shall cease with respect to such shares,  and such
shares shall not  thereafter  be  transferred  on the books of the Company or be
deemed to be outstanding for any purpose whatsoever. If the funds of the Company
legally  available for  redemption of shares of Series A Preferred  Stock on any
Redemption Date are  insufficient to redeem the total number of shares of Series
A Preferred  Stock to be  redeemed  on such date,  those funds which are legally
available will be used to redeem the maximum possible number of such shares


                                       E-6





ratably  among the  holders  of such  shares to be  redeemed  based  upon  their
holdings of Series A Preferred  Stock.  At any time  thereafter  when additional
funds of the Company in excess of One Hundred  Thousand  Dollars  ($100,000) are
legally available for the redemption of shares of Series A Preferred Stock, such
funds will  immediately  be used to redeem the  balance of the shares  which the
Company has become  obligated to redeem on any Redemption Date, but which it has
not redeemed.  The shares of Series A Preferred  Stock not redeemed shall remain
outstanding and entitled to all the rights and preferences provided herein.

         (f)  Cancellation of Redeemed  Stock.  Any shares of Series A Preferred
Stock  redeemed  pursuant to this Section shall be cancelled and shall not under
any  circumstances be reissued;  and the Company may from time to time take such
appropriate  corporate  action as may be  necessary  to reduce  accordingly  the
number of authorized shares of the Company's capital stock.

         (g)  Acquisition by Company.  The Company will not, and will not permit
any  subsidiary  of the Company  to,  purchase or acquire any shares of Series A
Preferred  Stock otherwise than pursuant to (A) the terms of this Section A.4 or
(B) an offer made on the same terms to all holders of Series A  Preferred  Stock
at the time outstanding.

                  A.5.     No Sinking Fund.

         There  shall  be no  sinking  fund for the  payment  of  dividends,  or
liquidation preferences on the Series A Preferred Stock or the redemption of any
shares thereof.




                                       E-7





B.       Series B Preferred Stock

         There is hereby  established a Series B Preferred Stock,  consisting of
500,000  shares,  having a face value of $10.00 per share (the "Face Value") and
having the rights,  preferences,  powers, restrictions and limitations set forth
in this Article B. Except as set forth herein,  for all purposes in this Article
B pertaining  to the Series B Preferred  Stock,  the term  "Junior  Stock" shall
include  Series C Preferred  Stock,  Common Stock and other capital stock of the
Company not expressly  designated to be on parity with or senior to the Series B
Preferred Stock;  provided,  however, that Series C Preferred Stock shall not be
junior to the Series B Preferred  Stock with respect to the payment of dividends
as set forth in Section C.1 and Section B.1, respectively,  and dividends on the
Series C Preferred  Stock  shall be payable in  preference  and  priority to any
payment of dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock.

         B.1.  Dividends.

         The  holders of the  Series B  Preferred  Stock  shall be  entitled  to
receive,  out of funds legally available therefor,  cumulative  dividends at the
rate of .035  shares  of  Series  C  Preferred  Stock  (subject  to  appropriate
adjustments  in the event of any stock  dividend,  stock split,  combination  or
other similar recapitalization  affecting such shares) per fiscal quarter of the
Company  per share of Series B Preferred  Stock.  On the earlier to occur of (i)
the date on which the  Company  does not have a  sufficient  number of shares of
Series C Preferred Stock available for issue as dividends  hereunder or (ii) the
date on which any shares of Series B Preferred  Stock are  redeemed  pursuant to
Section B.4 below, then in lieu of the dividend  described in the first sentence
of this  Section  B.1,  the  holders of the Series B  Preferred  Stock  shall be
entitled to receive,  out of funds legally available  therefor,  cumulative cash
dividends compounded annually at the rate of 14% of the Face Value of the Series
B Preferred Stock per share per annum (subject to appropriate adjustments in the
event  of  any  stock  dividend,  stock  split,  combination  or  other  similar
recapitalization  affecting  such  shares).  All dividends on Series B Preferred
Stock shall be payable in preference and priority to any payment of any dividend
on Junior  Stock,  but  payable  after any  payment of any  dividend on Series A
Preferred  Stock and Series C Preferred  Stock,  and payable on the first day of
February,  May, August and November of each year ("Dividend Payment Date"), when
and as declared by the Board of  Directors  of the  Company;  provided  that the
first  Dividend  Payment Date shall be May 1, 1997 and shall  include  dividends
beginning February 1, 1997.

         Such  dividends  shall  accrue  with  respect to each share of Series B
Preferred Stock beginning on February 1, 1997 and thereafter  shall be deemed to
accrue  from day to day  whether or not earned or  declared  and  whether or not
there exists profits,  surplus or other funds legally  available for the payment
of dividends,  and shall be cumulative so that if such dividends on the Series B
Preferred Stock shall not have been paid, or declared and set apart for payment,
the deficiency  shall be fully paid or declared and set apart for payment before
any  dividend  shall be paid or declared  or set apart for any Junior  Stock and
before any purchase or  acquisition  of any Junior Stock is made by the Company.
At the earlier of: (i) prior to the redemption of the Series B Preferred  Stock;
(ii)  three (3) days prior to the  consummation  of an  underwritten  Registered
Public Offering of the type described in Section B.4(a); or (iii) the

                                       E-8





liquidation of the Company,  the sale of the Company or, directly or indirectly,
all or substantially  all of its assets,  or the merger,  consolidation or other
combination  of the Company with another  entity in a  transaction  in which the
Company is not the surviving entity, any accrued but undeclared  dividends shall
be paid to the  holders of record of  outstanding  shares of Series B  Preferred
Stock.  No  accumulation of dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock shall bear
interest.

         Within ten (10) days  after  each  Dividend  Payment  Date,  holders of
Series B Preferred Stock will receive written  notification  from the Company or
the transfer agent  specifying the number of shares of Series C Preferred  Stock
paid as a dividend and the recipient's  aggregate holdings of Series C Preferred
Stock as of that Dividend  Payment Date and after giving effect to the dividend.
Certificates  evidencing  the  shares  of  Series C  Preferred  Stock  issued as
dividends  on the  Series B  Preferred  Stock  shall be mailed  promptly  by the
Company to the holders of record of the Series B Preferred  Stock as their names
and  addresses  appear on the share  register of the Company or at the office of
the transfer agent on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date.

         B.2.  Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up.

         (a)  In  the  event  of  any  voluntary  or  involuntary   liquidation,
dissolution  or winding  up of the  Company,  the  holders of shares of Series B
Preferred Stock then outstanding  shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets
of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders, after and subject
to the payment in full of all amounts  required to be distributed to the holders
of Series A Preferred Stock of the Company, but before any payment shall be made
to the holders of Junior Stock by reason of their ownership  thereof,  an amount
equal to $10 per share of Series B  Preferred  Stock  plus  accrued  but  unpaid
dividends  to the payment  date  (whether  or not  declared)  (the  "Liquidation
Value"). If upon any such liquidation,  dissolution or winding up of the Company
the  remaining  assets  of  the  Company   available  for  distribution  to  its
stockholders  shall be  insufficient  to pay the  holders  of shares of Series B
Preferred Stock the full amount to which they shall be entitled,  the holders of
shares of Series B Preferred  Stock shall share ratably in any  distribution  of
the remaining  assets and funds of the Company in  proportion to the  respective
amounts  which would  otherwise be payable in respect of the shares held by them
upon such  distribution if all amounts payable on or with respect to such shares
were paid in full.

         (b) Unless the holders of a majority  of the Series B  Preferred  Stock
then  outstanding   otherwise  consent  in  writing  or  by  vote,  the  merger,
consolidation  or  other  combination  of  the  Company  into  or  with  another
corporation,  partnership,  limited  liability  company  or other  entity  which
results in the exchange of more than 50% of the voting securities of the Company
for securities or other  consideration  issued or paid or caused to be issued or
paid by such other corporation,  partnership, limited liability company or other
entity or an affiliate thereof, or the sale,  directly or indirectly,  of all or
substantially  all  the  assets  of  the  Company,  shall  be  deemed  to  be  a
liquidation,  dissolution  or winding up of the  Company  for  purposes  of this
Section, and shall entitle the holders of Series B Preferred Stock to receive at
the closing in cash,  securities  or other  property the amounts as specified in
Section  B.2(a) above.  The value of such property,  rights or other  securities
shall be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company.


                                       E-9





         B.3.     Voting.

         (a) General Right.  In addition to the other voting rights  provided by
this Section B or provided by applicable law, each holder of outstanding  shares
of Series B Preferred  Stock shall be  entitled to vote the  Weighted  Number of
Votes (as defined  below)  related to the number of shares of Series B Preferred
Stock held by such holder at each  meeting of  stockholders  of the Company (and
written actions of stockholders in lieu of meetings) with respect to any and all
matters  presented  to the  stockholders  of the  Company  for  their  action or
consideration.  "Weighted Number of Votes" as to one share of Series B Preferred
Stock means as of any particular  date the quotient of the Targeted Voting Power
as of such date  divided  by the  number of shares of Series B  Preferred  Stock
issued and  outstanding as of such date. For so long as 500,000 shares of Series
B Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding,  the "Targeted Voting Power" shall
mean, as of a particular date on which the vote of  stockholders is taken,  that
number of votes necessary to result in all of the holders of the then issued and
outstanding  shares of Series B Preferred Stock holding  collectively 24% of the
votes  eligible  for casting on that date and the holders of the then issued and
outstanding  shares  of Common  Stock  holding,  collectively,  76% of the votes
eligible for casting on that date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if at any time
the  Company  shall be in arrears in whole or in part with  regard to  quarterly
dividends as specified in Section B.1 for three (3) consecutive Dividend Payment
Dates,  the holders of a majority of the then issued and  outstanding  shares of
Series B Preferred  Stock may notify the  Company of their  election to exercise
their rights under this sentence and, upon the Company's  receipt of such notice
and unless and until the Company  distributes in full to the holders of Series B
Preferred  Stock all  dividends  which  are in  arrears,  the  "24%"  percentage
contained in the  definition  of "Targeted  Voting  Power" shall be deemed to be
"51%",  subject  to  adjustment  as set  forth  below.  If at any time less than
500,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding,  then the
percentages  specified above in the definition of "Targeted Voting Power" (i.e.,
24% or 51%, as the case may be) shall be reduced by  multiplying  said  Targeted
Voting Power by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of shares
of Series B  Preferred  Stock  which are then  issued  and  outstanding  and the
denominator of which shall be 500,000.

         Except as provided  by law, by the  provisions  of  Subsection  B.3(b),
B.3(c) or B.3(d) or by the provisions establishing any other series of Preferred
Stock,  holders of Series B Preferred Stock shall vote together with the holders
of Common Stock as a single class.

         (b) No  Impairment.  The  Company  shall  not  amend,  alter or  repeal
preferences,  rights,  powers or other  terms of the Series B  Preferred  Stock,
whether  in the  Certificate  of  Incorporation  or  Bylaws  of the  Company  or
otherwise,  so as to affect  adversely the Series B Preferred  Stock,  or amend,
alter or  repeal  this  Section  B.3,  without  the  prior  written  consent  or
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding  shares of
Series B Preferred Stock,  given in writing or by vote at a meeting,  consenting
or voting (as the case may be) separately as a class. For this purpose,  without
limiting the generality of the foregoing,  the  authorization or issuance of any
series of Preferred  Stock or other  capital  stock which is on a parity with or
has preference or priority over the Series B Preferred  Stock as to the right to
receive either dividends or amounts distributable upon liquidation,  dissolution
or winding up of the Company  shall be deemed to affect  adversely  the Series B
Preferred Stock.

                                      E-10





         (c) Voting on other Certain  Events.  Without the prior written consent
or  affirmative  vote of the  holder(s)  of a majority  of the then  outstanding
shares of Series B Preferred  Stock,  voting as a single class,  in person or by
proxy,  either in writing without a meeting or at a special or annual meeting of
shareholders  called for the purpose,  the Company  shall not, and it will cause
its subsidiaries not to:

                           (i)  authorize  or issue shares of any class of stock
         (other  than the  Series  A and  Series C  Preferred  Stock  authorized
         hereby)  having any  preference  or priority as to  dividends or assets
         superior to or on a parity with any such  preference or priority of the
         Series B Preferred Stock;

                           (ii) permit the number of directors  constituting the
         Board of  Directors  of the  Company  to be less  than six or more than
         nine;

                           (iii)  reclassify  any  shares  of any class of stock
         into shares having any preference or priority as to dividends or assets
         superior to or on a parity with any such  preference or priority of the
         Series B Preferred Stock;

                           (iv)  engage in any  business  other than  acquiring,
         producing,  selling and developing oil and gas properties and exploring
         for,  producing,  transporting,  marketing and selling oil, natural gas
         and related hydrocarbons;

                           (v)  repurchase  or agree  to  repurchase  more  than
         12,500  shares of its Common  Stock or any  options,  warrants or other
         rights to acquire shares of its Common Stock;  provided,  however, this
         provision shall not be interpreted as limiting the redemption rights of
         the Company or the holders of the Series A  Preferred  Stock,  Series B
         Preferred  Stock,  or  Series C  Preferred  Stock as set  forth in this
         Certificate of  Designation,  or as limiting the ability of the Company
         with Board  approval to  repurchase up to 75,000 shares of Common Stock
         (or rights to acquire Common Stock) from employees other than Robert A.
         Buschman, Guy Bob Buschman, or Gary Scheele);

                           (vi) without  limiting any other right of the holders
         of  Series B  Preferred  Stock,  pay cash  dividends  or make any other
         distribution on any shares of Common Stock at any time prior to January
         16, 1999;

                           (vii) enter  into,  or permit a  Subsidiary  to enter
         into,  any  new  agreement  or  make  any  amendment  to  any  existing
         agreement,  which by its terms would restrict the Company's performance
         of its obligations to holders of Series B Preferred Stock; or

                           (viii)  reduce the  percentage  of shares of Series B
         Preferred  Stock  required to consent to any of the above  matters,  or
         alter or negate the need for such consent.

                           (d)      Board of Directors.


                                      E-11





                  (i) For so long as  there  are more  than  200,000  shares  of
Series B Preferred  Stock  issued and  outstanding,  the holders of the Series B
Preferred  Stock  shall  have the  right  at each  stockholder  meeting  for the
election of  directors  and from time to time,  voting as a class  separate  and
apart from the Common  Stock,  to nominate and elect to the  Company's  board of
directors  ("Board"),  that number of individuals (the "Series B Nominees") who,
immediately  after giving effect to their election and at all times  thereafter,
represent  not less than  one-third  of the number of members  constituting  the
Board; provided, however, that if there are less than 200,000 shares of Series B
Preferred  Stock issued and  outstanding,  the holders of the Series B Preferred
Stock  shall have the right to elect one member of the Board of  Directors;  and
provided  further that a majority of the holders of Series B Preferred Stock may
waive the foregoing  rights in whole or in part and designate a lesser number of
Series B Nominees for election as directors at any  stockholder  meeting for the
election of  directors,  which waiver  shall be effective  until the next annual
meeting of stockholders.

                  (ii) In the event (A) the Company shall be in arrears in whole
or in part with regard to  quarterly  dividends  as specified in Section B.1 for
three (3) consecutive Dividend Payment Dates or (B) does not redeem the Series B
Preferred  Stock on the  Redemption  Date as  required  in Section  B.4 or (C) a
Significant  Event occurs (the occurrence of any of the events described in (A),
(B) or (C) being an "Additional Board Election  Event"),  and so long thereafter
as such failure to pay dividends or redeem shares or  Significant  Event remains
uncured (the "Additional  Board Election  Period"),  the holders of the Series B
Preferred  Stock  shall  have the right at any  annual  or  special  meeting  of
stockholders,  voting as a class  separate and apart from the Common  Stock,  to
nominate  and elect to the  Company's  Board  such  number of  individuals  (the
"Additional  Nominees") who,  immediately  after giving effect to their election
together with the persons serving on the Board pursuant to Section B.4(d)(i), if
any,  represent a majority of the number of members  constituting  the Company's
Board. A  "Significant  Event" shall mean and be deemed to exist with respect to
the Company if (i) the Company  files a  voluntary  petition,  or there is filed
against the Company an involuntary petition, seeking relief under any applicable
bankruptcy  or  insolvency  law,  (ii) a receiver  is  appointed  for any of the
Company's  properties  or assets,  (iii) the  Company  makes or  consents to the
making of a general  assignment for the benefit of creditors or (iv) the Company
becomes  insolvent or generally fails to pay, or admits in writing its inability
or  unwillingness  to pay, its debts as they become due. If an Additional  Board
Election Event occurs, the following shall apply:

                         (x) Upon the  request of the  holders of a majority  of
                   the  Series B  Preferred  Stock,  the  Company  shall  call a
                   special   meeting   ("Special   Meeting")  of  the  Company's
                   stockholders  as a result of the  occurrence of an Additional
                   Board Election Event, such Special Meeting to be held as soon
                   as reasonably  practicable but not later than sixty (60) days
                   thereafter.  The  failure  of the  holders  of the  Series  B
                   Preferred  Stock to exercise  their  rights under this clause
                   (x) shall not  constitute a waiver of their right to exercise
                   such right in the future.

                         (y) At the Special  Meeting and if a quorum  consisting
                   of the holders of a majority of the Series B Preferred  Stock
                   are present in person or by proxy,  the  Additional  Nominees
                   shall be nominated  and elected by the vote as a class of the
                   Series B Preferred Stock with each share of Series B

                                      E-12





                   Preferred  Stock  entitled  to one vote.  Once  elected,  the
                   Additional  Nominees shall serve until the  Additional  Board
                   Election Period terminates,  subject to their reelection each
                   year by the Series B Preferred Stock, as provided for herein,
                   at the annual meeting of the Company.

                         (z)  The  Additional   Board   Election   Period  shall
                   terminate by reason of the cure or waiver in writing  (signed
                   by the holders of a majority of the Series B Preferred Stock)
                   of the  Additional  Board  Election  Event and at such  time,
                   subject  to  revesting  of  such  rights  in the  event  of a
                   subsequent  occurrence of an Additional  Board Election Event
                   thereafter,  the term of  office of the  Additional  Nominees
                   shall  terminate  with  respect  to  such  Additional   Board
                   Election Period,  the right of the Series B Stock to nominate
                   the  Additional  Nominees  shall  expire with respect to such
                   Additional Board Election Period and the Additional  Nominees
                   shall  thereupon be deemed to have been removed as members of
                   the Board.

                  (iii) Except as set forth in Section  B.3(d)(ii)(z),  no Board
member  elected by the  holders of Series B  Preferred  Stock  pursuant  to this
Section  B.3(d) (a "Nominee")  may be removed from the Board without the consent
of the holders of a majority of the Series B Preferred  Stock voting together as
a class,  with each  share of Series B  Preferred  Stock  having  one vote.  Any
vacancy on the Board caused by the death,  resignation or removal of any Nominee
shall be filled  promptly  by  another  person  nominated  by the  holders  of a
majority of the Series B Preferred  Stock at a special  meeting of the Company's
stockholders  held for  that  purpose.  Upon the  request  of the  holders  of a
majority  of the Series B  Preferred  Stock,  the  Company  shall call a special
meeting of the  Company's  stockholders  as a result of any vacancy on the Board
caused by the death, resignation or removal of any Nominee; such special meeting
shall be held as soon as  reasonably  practicable  but not later than sixty (60)
days thereafter (or such shorter period as may be permitted by law). The failure
of the holders of the Series B Preferred  Stock to exercise  their  rights under
this  subsection  (iii) shall not constitute a waiver of their right to exercise
such right in the future.  At the special meeting and if a quorum  consisting of
the holders of a majority of the Series B Preferred  Stock are present in person
or by proxy, the person designated by the holders of Series B Preferred Stock to
fill such vacancy  shall be nominated  and elected by the vote as a class of the
Series B Preferred Stock with each share of Series B Preferred Stock entitled to
one vote.

         (e) Common Stock  Dividends.  Prior to January 16,  1999,  or if at any
time the  Company  is in arrears in the  payment  of  dividends  as set forth in
Section  B.1,  the  Company  shall not  declare or pay cash  dividends  or other
distributions  on or with  respect to shares of Common  Stock  without the prior
written  consent or  affirmative  vote of the  holders of a majority of the then
outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock, given in writing or by vote at a
meeting, consenting or voting (as the case may be) separately as a class.


                                      E-13





         B.4.     Redemption of the Series B Preferred Stock.

         (a)  Optional  Redemption  On or Before  January  16, 2002 at Option of
Majority  Holders.  If, on or before  January 16,  2002,  the Company  completes
successfully  a Registered  Public  Offering  resulting in gross proceeds to the
Company of more than  $15,000,000  but less than or equal to  $20,000,000,  each
holder of Series B  Preferred  Stock may elect to require  the Company to redeem
not more than one-half (1/2) of the then issued and outstanding shares of Series
B Preferred  Stock owned by such  holder as  provided  below (a "Section  B.4(a)
Redemption")  at an amount per share of Series B  Preferred  Stock  equal to the
offering price per share of the Common Stock in such Registered  Public Offering
(the  "Section  B.4(a)  Redemption  Price").  Upon  such an  election,  an equal
percentage  of  Series  B  Preferred  Stock  held by any  such  holder  shall be
converted in accordance  with the provisions of Section  B.6(b),  below. As used
herein,  "Registered  Public Offering" shall refer to a public offering pursuant
to an effective  registration  statement  under the  Securities  Act of 1933, as
amended,  other than a  registration  effected  in  connection  with an employee
benefit plan or a transaction of a type specified in Rule 145 under such Act (or
any successor thereto).

         Not more than  three  days after the  filing  with the  Securities  and
Exchange  Commission of the  Registration  Statement  related to the  Registered
Public Offering, the Company shall send notice of the Registered Public Offering
by first-class certified mail, postage prepaid and return receipt requested,  to
the  holders  of the  shares of  Series B  Preferred  Stock at their  respective
addresses as the same shall appear on the books of the Company. The notice shall
refer to this Section B.4(a),  shall specify the projected  closing date and the
estimated  range of the  offering  price per share of the  Common  Stock in such
Registered  Public  Offering  and  shall  include  a  copy  of  the  preliminary
prospectus  filed by the Company with the SEC relating to the Registered  Public
Offering.  Each holder of Series B Preferred  Stock shall have the right, at any
time on or before the 15th day after the date on which the  Company  mailed such
notice,  to deliver  written  notice  (the  "Election  Notice")  to the  Company
electing to have a specified  portion  (but not more than 1/2) of such  holder's
Series B  Preferred  Stock  redeemed by the  Company  pursuant  to this  Section
B.4(a);  provided  such  election  may be  conditioned  upon the Section  B.4(a)
Redemption  Price  being  not less than the  minimum  amount  specified  in such
holder's Election Notice. The Company shall promptly notify (the "Section B.4(a)
Redemption  Notice")  each holder of Series B  Preferred  Stock of the number of
shares of Series B Preferred  Stock held by such holder which are being redeemed
pursuant to this Section.  The redemption  (and  conversion  pursuant to Section
B.6(b))  shall occur and be  effective  in all respects on the same day on which
the Registered  Public Offering is consummated  (the "Section B.4(a)  Redemption
Date"),  and  thereafter  the holder of shares being  redeemed  pursuant to this
Section  B.4(a)  shall  have only the rights  set forth in  Sections  B.4(d) and
Section B.4(e) hereof.

         Before,  on or after the Section B.4(a) Redemption Date, each holder of
Series B  Preferred  Stock to be  redeemed  shall  surrender  to the Company the
certificate or certificates  representing  such shares, in the manner and at the
place  designated in the Section  B.4(a)  Redemption  Notice,  and thereupon the
Section B.4(a)  Redemption Price of such shares shall be payable to the order of
the person whose name appears on such  certificate or  certificates as the owner
thereof and each surrendered  certificates shall be cancelled. The Company shall
promptly reissue to such holders (or their nominees) certificates evidencing the

                                      E-14





shares of Series B Preferred Stock  represented by the surrendered  certificates
which are not redeemed.

         (b)  Redemption  at Option of Majority of Holders.  If the Company does
not successfully  complete a Registered Public Offering (as described in Section
B.4(a)) on or before  January 16, 2002,  then at any time after January 16, 2002
but only at any time during the first 10 days after each  Dividend  Payment Date
(the "Redemption  Election Period") the holders of a majority of the then issued
and outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock (the "Majority  Holders") may
elect to require the Company to redeem shares of Series B Preferred  Stock at an
amount  equal to the  Face  Value  plus  accrued  but  unpaid  dividends  to the
respective dates of redemption of the shares (the "Optional  Redemption  Price")
in accordance  with this Section  B.4(b).  The Majority  Holders may require the
Company to redeem with  respect to each  Redemption  Election  Period up to that
number  of  shares of Series B  Preferred  Stock  equal to 10% of the  aggregate
number of shares  of  Series B  Preferred  Stock  that the  Company  has  issued
(whether  or not then  issued  or  outstanding,  including  shares  of  Series B
Preferred  Stock  that  were  issued  and  subsequently  redeemed  or  otherwise
cancelled) as of the beginning of such Redemption Election Period.

         If the Majority Holders elect to cause such a redemption, they shall so
notify the Company in writing (the "Redemption  Exercise Notice").  Upon receipt
of the Redemption  Exercise  Notice the Company shall promptly (and in any event
within 10 days of receipt of the Redemption  Exercise Notice) notify all holders
of Series B Preferred  stock of such election by sending a notice (the "Optional
Redemption  Notice") by first class certified  mail,  postage prepaid and return
receipt requested to the holders of Series B Preferred Stock at their respective
addresses  as the same shall  appear on the books of the  Company.  The Optional
Redemption  Notice shall refer to this Section B.4(b) and shall specify the last
day of the month  following  the month  during  which the Company  received  the
Redemption  Exercise  Notice as the date on which  shares of Series B  Preferred
Stock will be redeemed in  accordance  with this Section  B.4(b) (the  "Optional
Redemption  Date").  The Company  shall  promptly  notify (the  "Section  B.4(b)
Redemption  Notice")  each holder of Series B  Preferred  Stock of the number of
shares of Series B Preferred  Stock held by such holder which are being redeemed
pursuant to this  Section on an  Optional  Redemption  Date.  An election by the
Majority  Holders in accordance  with this Section  B.4(b) shall be binding upon
all holders of the Series B Preferred  Stock, and Series B Preferred Stock shall
be  redeemed  pro rata among all  holders of said  shares to give  effect to the
provisions of this Section B.4(b).

         Upon receipt of the Section B.4(b) Redemption Notice, and before, on or
after the Optional  Redemption  Date, each holder of Series B Preferred Stock to
be redeemed  shall  surrender  to the Company the  certificate  or  certificates
representing  such  shares,  in the  manner and at the place  designated  in the
Section B.4(b) Redemption Notice, and thereupon the Optional Redemption Price of
such shares  shall be payable to the order of the person  whose name  appears on
such  certificate  or  certificates  as the owner  thereof and each  surrendered
certificates  shall be  cancelled.  The Company shall  promptly  reissue to such
holders  (or their  nominees)  certificates  evidencing  any  shares of Series B
Preferred  Stock  represented  by the  surrendered  certificates  which  are not
redeemed.

         (c)  Redemption  at the Option of the  Company.  The Company may at any
time after January 16, 2003 redeem all of the then issued and outstanding shares

                                      E-15





of Series B Preferred  Stock as set forth in this Section  B.4(c) if all accrued
dividends  have  been  declared  and  paid  to  the  holders  of  record  of the
outstanding  shares of Series B Preferred Stock through the most recent Dividend
Payment Date. The redemption shall occur on a date specified by the Company (the
"Company  Redemption Date"),  which must be a date within ten (10) business days
after a Dividend Payment Date. The redemption price for any redemption  pursuant
to this Section B.4(c) (the "Company  Redemption Price") shall be the Face Value
of all of the outstanding  shares of Series B Preferred Stock plus an additional
amount  equal to 10% of the Face  Value of such  outstanding  shares of Series B
Preferred Stock.

         Not more than sixty (60) days nor less than  fifteen  (15) days  before
the  Company  Redemption  Date,  the  Company  shall send  notice of  redemption
pursuant to this Section B.4(c) by first-class,  certified mail, postage prepaid
and return  receipt  requested,  to all of the holders of the shares of Series B
Preferred  Stock at their  respective  addresses as the same shall appear on the
books of the Company.  The notice  shall refer to this Section  B.4(c) and shall
specify the Company  Redemption  Date and the time and place of the  redemption.
Before,  on or after  the  Company  Redemption  Date,  each  holder  of Series B
Preferred  Stock shall  surrender to the Company the certificate or certificates
representing  such  shares,  in the  manner and at the place  designated  in the
Company  Redemption  Notice,  and thereupon the Company Redemption Price of such
shares  shall be payable to the order of the person  whose name  appears on such
certificate  or  certificates   as  the  owner  thereof  and  each   surrendered
certificate shall be cancelled.  Notwithstanding the foregoing,  delivery by the
Company to the holders of the Series B Preferred  Stock of a Company  Redemption
Notice  pursuant to this  Section  B.4(c) shall not  prejudice or foreclose  the
rights of said holders to convert  shares of Series B Preferred  Stock to Common
Stock  pursuant  to Section  B.5(a)  hereof so long as the  Conversion  Date (as
defined in Section  B.5(c)(i))  precedes the Company  Redemption Date as defined
herein.

         (d) Provision for Payment. "Redemption Date" shall refer to the Section
B.4(a) Redemption Date (in the case of redemptions  governed by Section B.4(a)),
an  Optional  Redemption  Date (in the case of  redemptions  governed by Section
B.4(b)),  and a Company Redemption Date (in the case of redemptions  governed by
Section  B.4(c)).  "Redemption  Price"  shall  mean the amount to be paid by the
Company on a particular  Redemption  Date  pursuant to Section  B.4(a),  Section
B.4(b), or Section B.4(c),  as applicable.  On or prior to each Redemption Date,
the  Company  shall  deposit  the  Redemption  Price of all  shares  of Series B
Preferred Stock designated for redemption on that Redemption Date with a bank or
trust corporation having aggregate capital and surplus in excess of $100,000,000
as a  trust  fund  for the  benefit  of the  respective  holders  of the  shares
designated for redemption and not yet redeemed,  with  irrevocable  instructions
and authority to the bank or trust  corporation to pay the Redemption  Price for
such shares to their respective  holders on or after the related Redemption Date
upon receipt of  notification  from the Company that such holder has surrendered
his share certificate to the Company pursuant to Section B.4(a), Section B.4(b),
or Section B.4(c) above. As of the Redemption Date, the deposit shall constitute
full payment of the shares being redeemed on that Redemption  Date, and from and
after the Redemption Date the shares so called for redemption on that Redemption
Date shall be redeemed and shall be deemed to be no longer outstanding,  and the
holders thereof shall cease to be  stockholders  with respect to such shares and
shall have no rights with respect  thereto except the rights to receive from the
bank or trust corporation payment of the Redemption Price of the shares, without

                                      E-16





interest,  upon  surrender of their  certificates  therefor.  The balance of any
moneys  deposited  by the Company  pursuant  to this  Section  B.4(d)  remaining
unclaimed at the  expiration of three (3) years  following the  Redemption  Date
shall  thereafter  be returned to the Company  upon its request  expressed  in a
resolution of its Board of Directors.

         (e) Rights Upon Redemption.  From and after the Redemption Date, unless
there shall have been a default in payment of the Redemption  Price,  all rights
of the  holders of shares of Series B  Preferred  Stock to be  redeemed  on that
Redemption  Date as holders of Series B  Preferred  Stock  (except  the right to
receive  the  Redemption   Price  without   interest  upon  surrender  of  their
certificate or certificates)  shall cease with respect to such shares,  and such
shares shall not  thereafter  be  transferred  on the books of the Company or be
deemed to be outstanding for any purpose whatsoever. If the funds of the Company
legally  available for  redemption of shares of Series B Preferred  Stock on any
Redemption Date are  insufficient to redeem the total number of shares of Series
B Preferred  Stock to be  redeemed  on such date,  those funds which are legally
available  will be used to redeem the  maximum  possible  number of such  shares
ratably  among the  holders  of such  shares to be  redeemed  based  upon  their
holdings of Series B Preferred Stock or upon the respective Holder Elections. At
any time  thereafter  when  additional  funds of the  Company  in  excess of One
Hundred Thousand Dollars  ($100,000) are legally available for the redemption of
shares of Series B  Preferred  Stock,  such  funds will  immediately  be used to
redeem the balance of the shares which the Company has become  obliged to redeem
on any Redemption  Date,  but which it has not redeemed.  The shares of Series B
Preferred  Stock not redeemed shall remain  outstanding  and entitled to all the
rights and preferences provided herein.

         (f)  Cancellation of Redeemed  Stock.  Any shares of Series B Preferred
Stock  redeemed  pursuant to this Section shall be cancelled and shall not under
any  circumstances be reissued;  and the Company may from time to time take such
appropriate  corporate  action as may be  necessary  to reduce  accordingly  the
number of authorized shares of the Company's capital stock.

         (g)  Acquisition by Company.  The Company will not, and will not permit
any  subsidiary  of the Company  to,  purchase or acquire any shares of Series B
Preferred  Stock otherwise than pursuant to (A) the terms of this Section B.4 or
(B) an offer made on the same terms to all holders of Series B  Preferred  Stock
at the time outstanding.

         B.5.  Optional Conversion.

         The  holders  of the Series B  Preferred  Stock  shall have  conversion
rights as described in this Section B.5 (the "Conversion  Rights"). In the event
of a liquidation of the Company,  the Conversion  Rights shall  terminate at the
close of business on the first full day preceding the date fixed for the payment
of any amounts distributable on liquidation to the holders of Series B Preferred
Stock.

         (a) Right to Convert.  Each share of Series B Preferred  Stock shall be
convertible,  at the option of the holder thereof,  at any time and from time to
time, upon surrender of certificates  representing  shares of Series B Preferred
Stock and without payment of any further consideration, into the number of fully

                                      E-17





paid and  nonassessable  shares of Common  Stock (or  rights to  acquire  Common
Stock) described in Section  B.5(a)(i)  hereof at an effective  conversion price
per share (the  "Conversion  Price")  described  in Section  B.5(a)(ii)  hereof,
subject to  adjustment  as provided  below.  The date on which any such right to
convert is  exercised  as  provided  in  Section  B.5(c)  hereof is  hereinafter
referred to as the "Conversion Date."

                  (i) Number of Shares.  Any  additional  shares of Common Stock
issued by the  Company at any time or from time to time after  January  16, 1997
(the "Base Date") and before any applicable Conversion Date at a price per share
that is less than the then  applicable  Conversion  Price (but not including any
shares  issued as dividends or  distributions  as provided in Section  B.5(f) or
upon a stock split or  combination  as provided  in Section  B.5(e);  any shares
issuable upon  conversion of the Series B Preferred  Stock;  any shares issuable
upon  exercise of any  options  granted  pursuant to the terms of the  Company's
stock option plans  existing and as in effect on the Base Date, or up to 300,000
additional  shares of Common Stock  issuable  upon  exercise of options  granted
after the Base Date pursuant to the terms of any option plan or  arrangement  of
the Company  adopted  after the Base Date,  including any shares of Common Stock
issuable as a result of  antidilution  provisions of any such  options;  and any
shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of warrants  granted in connection
with the  Company's  1995 11.50%  Subordinated  Notes,  such  warrants have been
amended  through  the Base Date,  including  any shares  issuable as a result of
antidilution  provisions  of such  warrants)  shall be  referred  to  herein  as
"Adjustment  Shares."  The  number  of  shares of  Common  Stock  issuable  upon
conversion of each share of the Series B Preferred Stock tendered for conversion
pursuant  to the terms of this  Section  B.5 on any date from and after the Base
Date shall initially be equal to 5.26795.

                  For purposes of this Section B.5, the term "Initial  Number of
Fully Diluted Shares" shall mean 10,974,895 shares of Common Stock, which number
is equal to the sum of (i) the total  number of shares  Common  Stock issued and
outstanding  at the Base Date;  plus (ii) the sum of the total  number of shares
reserved for issuance upon exercise of options granted  pursuant to the terms of
the Company's stock option plans existing and as in effect on the Base Date plus
300,000  additional  shares of Common Stock that may be issued upon  exercise of
options  granted after the Base Date pursuant to the terms of any option plan or
arrangement of the Company adopted after the Base Date plus the number of shares
of Common Stock  issuable upon exercise of Warrants  granted in connection  with
the Company's 1995 11.50% Subordinated Notes, as such Warrants have been amended
through  the Base Date;  plus  (iii) the  number of shares of Common  Stock that
would represent 24% of the Initial Number of Fully Diluted Shares. The number of
shares of Common Stock  issuable  upon  conversion of each share of the Series B
Preferred Stock shall be adjusted upon the issuance of any Adjustment Shares, on
any date  from and  after the Base  Date,  to equal  the total  number of shares
determined  by the  following  formula,  rounded to the nearest  1/100,000  of a
share:  (a).24  multiplied  by (b) the sum of (aa) the  Initial  Number of Fully
Diluted  Shares  plus  (bb) the  quotient  of (aaa)  the  number  of  shares  of
Adjustment  Shares issued and  outstanding  at the Conversion  Date,  divided by
(bbb) 1 minus  .24,  divided  by (c) the  total  number  of  shares  of Series B
Preferred Stock issued and outstanding on the Base Date.

                  (ii)Conversion  Price.  The  Conversion  Price per share shall
initially be equal to $1.898.

                                      E-18






         (b) Fractional  Shares.  No fractional  shares of Common Stock shall be
issued upon  conversion of the Series B Preferred  Stock.  In lieu of fractional
shares, the Company shall pay cash equal to such fraction multiplied by the then
effective Conversion Price.

         (c)  Mechanics of Conversion.

                  (i) In order to  convert  shares of Series B  Preferred  Stock
into shares of Common  Stock,  the holder shall  surrender  the  certificate  or
certificates for such shares of Series B Preferred Stock, duly endorsed,  at the
office of the transfer  agent (or at the principal  office of the Company if the
Company  serves as its own transfer  agent),  together with written  notice that
such  holder  elects to convert all or any number of the shares  represented  by
such certificate or certificates.  Such notice shall state such holder's name or
the names of the  nominees  in which  such  holder  wishes  the  certificate  or
certificates  for shares of Common  Stock to be  issued.  The date of receipt of
such  certificates  and notice by the transfer agent or the Company shall be the
conversion date ("Conversion  Date").  The Company shall, as soon as practicable
after the Conversion Date,  issue and deliver at such office to such holder,  or
to his  nominees,  a  certificate  or  certificates  for the number of shares of
Common Stock to which such holder shall be entitled,  together with cash in lieu
of any fraction of a share.

                  (ii) The Company  shall at all times during which the Series B
Preferred  Stock shall be  outstanding,  reserve and keep  available  out of its
authorized  but unissued  stock,  for the purpose of effecting the conversion of
the Series B Preferred  Stock (whether  pursuant to this Section B.5 or pursuant
to Section B.6),  such number of its duly  authorized  shares of Common Stock as
shall  from  time  to  time  be  sufficient  to  effect  the  conversion  of all
outstanding Series B Preferred Stock. Before taking any action which would cause
an  adjustment  reducing  the  Conversion  Price below the then par value of the
shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock,
the  Company  will take any  corporate  action  which may, in the opinion of its
counsel,  be necessary  in order that the Company may validly and legally  issue
fully paid and nonassessable  shares of Common Stock at such adjusted Conversion
Price.

                  (iii) All shares of Series B Preferred Stock, which shall have
been  surrendered for conversion as herein provided shall no longer be deemed to
be outstanding and all rights with respect to such shares, including the rights,
if any, to receive  dividends,  notices and to vote, shall immediately cease and
terminate on the Conversion  Date,  except only the right of the holders thereof
to receive shares of Common Stock in exchange  therefor.  Any shares of Series B
Preferred  Stock so converted  shall be retired and  cancelled  and shall not be
reissued,  and the Company may from time to time take such appropriate action as
may be necessary to reduce the number of shares of authorized Series B Preferred
Stock accordingly.

                  (iv) If the conversion is in connection  with an  underwritten
offering of securities  registered  pursuant to the  Securities  Act of 1933, as
amended,  the  conversion  may at the  option of any holder  tendering  Series B
Preferred Stock for conversion, be conditioned upon the consummation of the sale
of securities  pursuant to such offering,  in which event the person(s) entitled
to receive the Common Stock issuable upon such conversion of the Series B

                                      E-19





Preferred  Stock shall not be deemed to have  converted  such Series B Preferred
Stock until immediately prior to the closing of the sale of securities.

         (d) Adjustment of Conversion Price Upon Issuance of Adjustment  Shares.
In the event the Company shall at any time after the Base Date issue  Adjustment
Shares  (excluding  shares issued as a dividend or  distribution  as provided in
Section  B.5(f) or upon a stock  split or  combination  as  provided  in Section
B.5(e)),  without  consideration or for a consideration  per share less than the
applicable  Conversion  Price in effect on the date of and immediately  prior to
such  issue,  then and in such  event,  the  Conversion  Price shall be reduced,
concurrently  with such issue,  to a price  (calculated to the nearest 1/1000 of
one cent) determined by multiplying such Conversion Price by a fraction, (A) the
numerator of which shall be equal to the Initial Number of Fully Diluted Shares,
plus the quotient of (a) the aggregate consideration received by the Company for
Adjustment Shares issued and outstanding at the Conversion Date,  divided by (b)
the Conversion Price immediately  preceding the event requiring such adjustment,
(B) and the denominator of which shall be equal to the sum of the Initial Number
of Fully Diluted  Shares plus the number of shares of  Adjustment  Shares issued
and outstanding at the Conversion Date.

         For purposes of this Section B.5(d), the consideration  received by the
Company for the issue of any Adjustment Shares of Common Stock shall be computed
as follows:

                           (A) insofar as it  consists  of cash,  be computed at
                   the  aggregate  of cash  received by the  Company,  excluding
                   amounts  paid or  payable  for  accrued  interest  or accrued
                   dividends;

                           (B) insofar as it  consists  of  property  other than
                   cash,  be computed at the fair  market  value  thereof at the
                   time of such issue,  as determined in good faith by the Board
                   of Directors; and

                           (C) in the event  Adjustment  Shares of Common  Stock
                   are issued  together with other shares or securities or other
                   assets of the Company for consideration which covers both, be
                   the proportion of such consideration so received, computed as
                   provided in clauses (A) and (B) above,  as determined in good
                   faith by the Board of Directors.

         (e) Adjustment to Conversion  Price for Stock Splits and  Combinations.
If the Company shall at any time or from time to time after the Base Date effect
a subdivision of the  outstanding  Common Stock,  the  Conversion  Price then in
effect immediately  before that subdivision shall be proportionately  decreased.
If the  Company  shall  at any time or from  time to time  after  the Base  Date
combine the  outstanding  shares of Common Stock,  the Conversion  Price then in
effect immediately  before the combination shall be  proportionately  increased.
Any  adjustment  under this  paragraph  shall  become  effective at the close of
business on the date the subdivision or combination becomes effective.

         (f)   Adjustment  to  Conversion   Price  for  Certain   Dividends  and
Distributions.  In the event the Company at any time, or from time to time after
the Base Date shall make or issue a dividend  or other  distribution  payable in
additional  shares of Common Stock,  then and in each such event the  Conversion
Price shall be decreased as of the time of such  issuance,  by  multiplying  the
Conversion Price by a fraction:

                                      E-20





                           (1) the  numerator of which shall be the total number
                   of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding  immediately
                   prior to the time of such issuance, and

                           (2) the  denominator  of  which  shall  be the  total
                   number  of  shares of Common  Stock  issued  and  outstanding
                   immediately  prior  to the  time of such  issuance  plus  the
                   number of shares of Common Stock  issuable in payment of such
                   dividend or distribution.

         (g) Adjustments for Other Dividends and Distributions. In the event the
Company at any time or from time to time after the Base Date shall make or issue
a dividend or other distribution payable in securities of the Company other than
shares of Common Stock,  then and in each such event  provision shall be made so
that the holders of shares of the Series B Preferred  Stock shall  receive  upon
conversion  thereof  in  addition  to the  number  of  shares  of  Common  Stock
receivable  thereupon,  the amount of  securities of the Company that they would
have  received had their  Series B Preferred  Stock been  converted  into Common
Stock on the date of such event and had  thereafter,  during the period from the
date  of  such  event  to and  including  the  Conversion  Date,  retained  such
securities  receivable by them as aforesaid during such period given application
to all  adjustments  called for during such period,  under this  paragraph  with
respect to the rights of the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock.

         (h)  Adjustment  for  Stock  Splits,  Reclassification,   Exchange,  or
Substitution.  If at any time  from and after  the Base  Date the  Common  Stock
issuable upon the conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock shall be subdivided
or combined,  if any additional  shares of Common Stock are issued as a dividend
or  distribution  of Company  securities,  or if the Common  Stock is  otherwise
changed into the same or a different number of shares of any class or classes of
stock, whether by capital reorganization,  reclassification, or otherwise (other
than a dividend or  distribution  as described  in Section  B.5(g)  above,  or a
reorganization,  merger,  consolidation,  or sale of assets provided for below),
then and in each such event the holder of each share of Series B Preferred Stock
shall have the right  thereafter  to convert such share into the kind and amount
of shares  of stock  and other  securities  and  property  receivable  upon such
subdivision,  combination, dividend, reorganization,  reclassification, or other
change,  by  holders  of the  number of shares of Common  Stock  into which such
shares of Series B Preferred Stock would have been converted  immediately  prior
to such subdivision, combination, dividend, reorganization, reclassification, or
change, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.

         (i)  Adjustment  for  Merger  or  Reorganization,  etc.  In case of any
consolidation  or  merger  of the  Company  with  or into  another  corporation,
partnership,  limited  liability  company or other  entity or the sale of all or
substantially  all  of  the  assets  of  the  Company  to  another  corporation,
partnership,   limited   liability   company  or  other  entity  (other  than  a
consolidation,  merger or sale  which is treated as a  liquidation  pursuant  to
Section  B.2(b)),  (i) if the  surviving  entity shall consent in writing to the
following  provisions,  then  each  share of  Series  B  Preferred  Stock  shall
thereafter be  convertible  into the kind and amount of shares of stock or other
securities or property to which a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock
of the Company  deliverable  upon  conversion  of such Series B Preferred  Stock
would have been entitled upon such  consolidation,  merger or sale; and, in such
case,  appropriate  adjustment  (as  determined  in good  faith by the  Board of
Directors)  shall be made in the  application  of the provisions in this Section
B.5 set forth with respect to the rights and interest  thereafter of the holders
of the Series B Preferred Stock, to the end that the provisions set forth in

                                      E-21





this  Section B.5  (including  provisions  with  respect to changes in and other
adjustments of the Conversion  Price) shall thereafter be applicable,  as nearly
as  reasonably  may be, in  relation  to any  shares of stock or other  property
thereafter  deliverable  upon the conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock; or
(ii) if the surviving entity shall not so consent,  then each holder of Series B
Preferred  Stock may, after receipt of notice  specified in subsection (l) below
("Notice of Record  Date"),  elect to convert  such stock into Common  Shares as
provided in this Section B.5 or to accept the distributions to which he shall be
entitled under Section B.2(a) and Section B.2(b), assuming holders of a majority
of the Series B Preferred Stock have not voted, as per Section B.2(b),  that the
merger or consolidation shall not be deemed to be a liquidation.

         (j)  No  Impairment.   The  Company  will  not,  by  amendment  of  its
Certificate of Incorporation or through any reorganization,  transfer of assets,
consolidation,  merger,  dissolution,  issue or sale of  securities or any other
voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of
the terms to be observed or performed hereunder by the Company,  but will at all
times in good faith  assist in the carrying  out of all the  provisions  of this
Section  B.5  and in the  taking  of all  such  action  as may be  necessary  or
appropriate  in order to protect  the  Conversion  Rights of the  holders of the
Series B Preferred Stock against impairment.

         (k)  Certificate  as  to  Adjustments.  Upon  the  occurrence  of  each
adjustment or readjustment of the Conversion  Price pursuant to this Section B.5
or to the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon  conversion of Series B
Preferred Stock pursuant to Section B, the Company at its expense shall promptly
compute such  adjustment or readjustment in accordance with the terms hereof and
furnish  to each  holder,  if any,  of Series B  Preferred  Stock a  certificate
setting forth such  adjustment or  readjustment  and showing in detail the facts
upon which such  adjustment  or  readjustment  is based and shall file a copy of
such certificate with its corporate records. The Company shall, upon the written
request at any time of any holder of Series B Preferred Stock,  furnish or cause
to be  furnished  to such holder a similar  certificate  setting  forth (i) such
adjustments and  readjustments,  (ii) the Conversion  Price then in effect,  and
(iii) the  number of shares of Common  Stock and the  amount,  if any,  of other
property  which then would be received upon the conversion of Series B Preferred
Stock. Despite such adjustment or readjustment, the form of each or all Series B
Preferred  Stock  Certificates,  if the same shall  reflect  the  initial or any
subsequent conversion price, need not be changed in order for the adjustments or
readjustments to be valued in accordance with the provisions of this Certificate
of Designation, which shall control.

         (l)  Notice of Record Date.  In the event:

                           (i) that,  without limiting the rights of the holders
                   of Series B  Preferred  Stock  pursuant to Section  B.3,  the
                   Company  declares a dividend (or any other  distribution)  on
                   its Common Stock payable in Common Stock or other  securities
                   of the Company;

                           (ii) that the  Company  subdivides  or  combines  its
                   outstanding shares of Common Stock;

                           (iii) of any  reclassification of the Common Stock of
                   the Company  (other than a subdivision  or combination of its
                   outstanding  shares of Common  Stock or a stock  dividend  or
                   stock distribution thereon), or of any consolidation or

                                      E-22





                   merger of the Company into or with another corporation, or of
                   the sale of all or  substantially  all of the  assets  of the
                   Company; or

                           (iv) of the  involuntary  or  voluntary  dissolution,
                   liquidation or winding up of the Company;

then the  Company  shall  cause to be filed at its  principal  office  or at the
office of the transfer agent of the Series B Preferred Stock, and shall cause to
be mailed to the holders of the Series B Preferred Stock at their last addresses
as shown on the records of the Company or such transfer agent, at least ten days
prior to the record date  specified  in (A) below or twenty days before the date
specified in (B) below, a notice stating

                           (A) the record date of such  dividend,  distribution,
         subdivision  or  combination,  or, if a record is not to be taken,  the
         date as of which the  holders of Common  Stock of record to be entitled
         to such dividend,  distribution,  subdivision or combination  are to be
         determined, or

                           (B)  the   date  on  which   such   reclassification,
         consolidation,  merger, sale, dissolution, liquidation or winding up is
         expected to become  effective,  and the date as of which it is expected
         that  holders of Common  Stock of record  shall be entitled to exchange
         their  shares  of  Common  Stock  for   securities  or  other  property
         deliverable upon such  reclassification,  consolidation,  merger, sale,
         dissolution or winding up.

                  B.6.  Mandatory Conversion.

                  (a) Registered Public Offering in Excess of $20,000,000.  Upon
the  successful  consummation  of the  sale  of  shares  of  Common  Stock  in a
Registered  Public  Offering  resulting in gross proceeds to the Company of more
than  $20,000,000  and at a price per share of Common Stock which is equal to or
greater than (i) the aggregate Face Value of the issued and outstanding Series B
and Series C Preferred  Stock on such date,  divided by (ii) the total number of
shares of Common Stock that would have been issuable on the date of consummation
of such offering upon  conversion of the Series B Preferred  Stock in accordance
with the terms of Section B.5 hereof,  (which minimum price shall hereinafter be
referred to as the "Minimum  Price"),  then,  effective upon the consummation of
such  Registered  Public  Offering  (the  "Conversion  Date"),  all  issued  and
outstanding  shares of Series B Preferred  Stock not otherwise  converted by the
holders thereof on or before the consummation of such Registered Public Offering
shall  automatically  and without  further  action on the part of the respective
holder or the  Company be  converted  into  Common  Stock at the then  effective
Conversion  Price  pursuant  to Section B.5 and all shares of Series B Preferred
Stock then outstanding shall be cancelled.

         (b) Upon the  successful  consummation  of the sale of shares of Common
Stock in a Registered Public Offering resulting in gross proceeds to the Company
of more than  $15,000,000 but less than or equal to $20,000,000,  if any holders
of Series B  Preferred  Stock  have  elected to redeem  shares of said  Series B
Preferred  Stock in a Section B.4(a)  Redemption and such shares are redeemed as
set forth  therein,  then on the Section  B.4(a)  Redemption  Date,  a number of
shares of Series B Preferred Stock equal to that number redeemed by each such

                                      E-23





holder pursuant to Section B.4(a) shall automatically and without further action
on the part of the  respective  holder or the Company be  converted  into Common
Stock  at the  then  effective  Conversion  Price  and the  shares  of  Series B
Preferred Stock thus converted  shall be cancelled.  The Conversion Date for any
conversion  pursuant to this provision  shall be the Section  B.4(a)  Redemption
Date.

         (c) The Company  shall give all holders of record of shares of Series B
Preferred Stock then outstanding  written notice of the conversion of the shares
of Series B Preferred Stock being  converted  pursuant to this Section B.6. Such
notice will be sent by first class or registered mail, postage prepaid,  to each
record holder of Series B Preferred Stock at such holder's address last shown on
the  records  of the  transfer  agent for the Series B  Preferred  Stock (or the
records of the Company,  if it serves as its own transfer agent).  In such case,
the holder may  surrender the  certificate  or  certificates  for such shares of
Series B Preferred Stock, duly endorsed, at the office of the transfer agent (or
at the principal office of the Company if the Company serves as its own transfer
agent),  together  with a notice  stating such holder's name or the names of the
nominees in which such holder wishes the certificate or certificates  for shares
of Common Stock to be issued.  The Company shall,  as soon as practicable  after
the receipt of the Series B Certificates and notice by the transfer agent, issue
and deliver at such office to such holder, or to his nominees,  a certificate or
certificates for the number of shares of Common Stock to which such holder shall
be  entitled,   together  with  cash  in  lieu  of  any  fraction  of  a  share.
Notwithstanding  any provision  hereof,  all shares of Series B Preferred  Stock
converted  pursuant  to the  provisions  of this  Section B.6 shall no longer be
deemed to be outstanding  and all rights with respect to such shares of Series B
Preferred Stock,  including the rights, if any, to receive  dividends,  notices,
and to vote,  shall  immediately  cease and  terminate on the  Conversion  Date,
except only the right of the holders  thereof to receive  shares of Common Stock
in exchange therefor.  Any shares of Series B Preferred Stock so converted shall
be retired and  cancelled  and shall not be  reissued,  and the Company may from
time to time take such  appropriate  action as may be  necessary  to reduce  the
number of authorized Series B Preferred Stock accordingly.

                  B.7.  Sinking Fund.

         There  shall  be no  sinking  fund for the  payment  of  dividends,  or
liquidation preferences on the Series B Preferred Stock or the redemption of any
shares thereof.

C.       Series C Preferred Stock

         There is hereby  established a Series C Preferred Stock,  consisting of
500,000  shares,  having a face value of $10.00 per share (the "Face Value") and
having the rights,  preferences,  powers, restrictions and limitations set forth
in this Article C. For all  purposes in this  Article C pertaining  the Series C
Preferred  Stock,  the term "Junior  Stock" shall include Common Stock and other
capital  stock of the Company not  expressly  designated to be on parity with or
senior to the Series C  Preferred  Stock and shall  include  Series B  Preferred
Stock, but only with respect to the payment of dividends as set forth in Section
C.1 and Section B.1,  respectively (to wit,  dividends on the Series C Preferred
Stock shall be payable in preference and priority to any payment of dividends on
the Series B Preferred Stock).

         C.1.     Dividends.


                                      E-24





                  The holders of the Series C Preferred  Stock shall be entitled
to receive, out of funds legally available therefor, cumulative dividends at the
rate of 14% of the  Face  Value of the  Series C  Preferred  Stock  (subject  to
appropriate  adjustments  in the  event  of any  stock  dividend,  stock  split,
combination or other similar  recapitalization  affecting such shares) per share
per  annum,  payable  in  preference  and  priority  to any  payment of any cash
dividend on Junior Stock and payable on the first day of February,  May,  August
and November of each year ("Dividend  Payment Date", when and as declared by the
Board of Directors of the Company; provided that the first Dividend Payment Date
shall be May 1, 1997 and such dividend payment shall include pro-rata  dividends
from the date of issuance of the Series C Preferred Stock to January 31, 1997.

                  Such  dividends  shall  accrue  with  respect to each share of
Series  C  Preferred  Stock  from the date on which  such  share is  issued  and
outstanding and thereafter  shall be deemed to accrue from day to day whether or
not earned or declared and whether or not there exists profits, surplus or other
funds legally available for the payment of dividends, and shall be cumulative so
that if such dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock shall not have been paid,
or declared and set apart for  payment,  the  deficiency  shall be fully paid or
declared and set apart for payment before any dividend shall be paid or declared
or set apart for any Junior Stock and before any purchase or  acquisition of any
Junior  Stock  is made by the  Company.  At the  earlier  of:  (i)  prior to the
redemption  of the Series C  Preferred  Stock;  (ii) three (3) days prior to the
consummation of an underwritten Registered Public Offering of the type described
in Section  C.4(a);  or (iii) the  liquidation  of the Company,  the sale of the
Company or, directly or indirectly,  all or substantially  all of its assets, or
the merger,  consolidation  or other  combination  of the Company  with  another
entity in a transaction  in which the Company is not the surviving  entity,  any
accrued  but  undeclared  dividends  shall be paid to the  holders  of record of
outstanding  shares of Series C Preferred Stock. No accumulation of dividends on
the Series C Preferred Stock shall bear interest.

         C.2.  Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up.

         (a)  In  the  event  of  any  voluntary  or  involuntary   liquidation,
dissolution  or winding  up of the  Company,  the  holders of shares of Series C
Preferred Stock then outstanding  shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets
of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders, after and subject
to the payment in full of all amounts  required to be distributed to the holders
of Series A Preferred  Stock and Series B Preferred  Stock of the  Company,  but
before any  payment  shall be made to the  holders of Junior  Stock by reason of
their ownership thereof,  an amount equal to $10 per share of Series C Preferred
Stock plus  accrued but unpaid  dividends  to the payment  date  (whether or not
declared) (the "Liquidation  Value"). If upon any such liquidation,  dissolution
or winding up of the Company the remaining  assets of the Company  available for
distribution  to its  stockholders  shall be  insufficient to pay the holders of
shares  of Series C  Preferred  Stock the full  amount  to which  they  shall be
entitled,  the holders of shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall share ratably
in any  distribution  of the  remaining  assets  and  funds  of the  Company  in
proportion to the respective amounts which would otherwise be payable in respect
of the shares held by them upon such  distribution  if all amounts payable on or
with respect to such shares were paid in full.

         (b) Unless the holders of a majority  of the Series C  Preferred  Stock
then  outstanding   otherwise  consent  in  writing  or  by  vote,  the  merger,
consolidation  or  other  combination  of  the  Company  into  or  with  another
corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity which


                                      E-25





results in the exchange of more than 50% of the voting securities of the Company
for securities or other  consideration  issued or paid or caused to be issued or
paid by such other corporation,  partnership, limited liability company or other
entity or an affiliate thereof, or, the sale, directly or indirectly,  of all or
substantially all the assets of the Company shall be deemed to be a liquidation,
dissolution or winding up of the Company for purposes of this Section, and shall
entitle the holders of Series C Preferred  Stock to receive at the  closing,  in
cash,  securities or other property,  the amounts as specified in Section C.2(a)
above.  The  value  of such  property,  rights  or  other  securities  shall  be
determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company.

         C.3.     Voting.

         (a)  Generally.  Except as otherwise  provided by applicable  law or as
other provided in this Section C, Series C Preferred Stock shall not entitle the
holders thereof to any voting rights.

         (b) No  Impairment.  The  Company  shall  not  amend,  alter or  repeal
preferences, rights, powers or other terms of the Series C Preferred Stock so as
to affect adversely the Series C Preferred Stock, or amend, alter or repeal this
Section  C.3,  without  the prior  written  consent or  affirmative  vote of the
holders  of a  majority  of the then  outstanding  shares of Series C  Preferred
Stock,  given in writing or by vote at a meeting,  consenting  or voting (as the
case may be)  separately  as a class.  For this  purpose,  without  limiting the
generality of the foregoing,  the  authorization  or issuance of any shares of a
series of  Preferred  Stock  other than  Series A  Preferred  Stock and Series B
Preferred  Stock  described  in Articles A and B above,  respectively,  or other
capital  stock which is on a parity with or has  preference or priority over the
Series C Preferred Stock as to the right to receive either  dividends or amounts
distributable  upon liquidation,  dissolution or winding up of the Company shall
be deemed to affect adversely the Series C Preferred Stock.

         (c) Common Stock Dividends. Prior to January 16, 1999 or if the Company
is in  arrears in the  payment of  dividends  as set forth in Section  C.1,  the
Company  shall not declare or pay cash  dividends or other  distributions  on or
with  respect to shares of Common  Stock  without the prior  written  consent or
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding  shares of
Series C Preferred Stock,  given in writing or by vote at a meeting,  consenting
or voting (as the case may be) separately as a class.

         C.4.     Redemption of the Series C Preferred Stock.

         (a) Redemption in Connection with Registered  Public  Offering.  If the
Company  successfully  consummates a Registered  Public Offering as described in
Section  B.6(a),  then the  Company  shall have the right to redeem all (but not
less than all) of the issued and outstanding  shares of Series C Preferred Stock
pursuant  to  this  Section  C.4(a)  (the  "Section  C.4(a)  Redemption")  for a
redemption  price of $.01 per share of Series C  Preferred  Stock (the  "Section
C.4(a) Redemption  Price").  The redemption shall occur on the same day on which
the Registered  Public Offering is consummated  (the "Section C.4(a)  Redemption
Date").

         Not more than 60 days nor less than 10 days before the  Section  C.4(a)
Redemption Date, the Company shall send notice of the Section C.4(a)  Redemption
(the "Section C.4(a) Redemption Notice") by first-class certified mail, postage


                                      E-26





prepaid and return receipt  requested,  to the holders of the shares of Series C
Preferred Stock to be redeemed at their  respective  addresses as the same shall
appear on the books of the  Company.  The  notice  shall  refer to this  Section
C.4(a) and shall specify the anticipated Section C.4(a) Redemption Date. Before,
on or after  the  Section  C.4(a)  Redemption  Date,  each  holder  of  Series C
Preferred Stock to be redeemed shall surrender to the Company the certificate or
certificates representing such shares, in the manner and at the place designated
in the Section  C.4(a)  Redemption  Notice,  and  thereupon  the Section  C.4(a)
Redemption  Price of such  shares  shall be  payable  to the order of the person
whose name appears on such  certificate or certificates as the owner thereof and
each surrendered certificates shall be cancelled.  Notwithstanding delivery of a
Section C.4(a)  Redemption  Notice in accordance with this Section  C.4(a),  any
such notice shall be deemed conditional and expressly subject to consummation of
the Registered Public Offering  referred to hereinabove,  and if said Registered
Public  Offering shall not be  consummated,  any such Section C.4(a)  Redemption
Notice shall be deemed void ab initio and of no force and effect.

         (b) Redemption Upon Partial  Conversion of Series B Preferred Stock. If
the Company  successfully  consummates a Registered Public Offering as described
in Section B.6(b),  then the Company shall have the right to redeem all (but not
less than all) of the issued and outstanding  shares of Series C Preferred Stock
that were  originally  issued as dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock being
redeemed in accordance  with the provisions of Section  B.4(a)  pursuant to this
Section C.4(b) (the "Section C.4(b)  Redemption") for a redemption price of $.01
per share of Series C Preferred Stock (the "Section C.4(b)  Redemption  Price").
The  redemption  shall  occur on the same day on  which  the  Registered  Public
Offering is consummated (the "Section C.4(b) Redemption Date").

         Not more  than 60 days nor less than 10 days or such  lesser  amount as
may be practicable  before the Section C.4(b) Redemption Date, the Company shall
send notice of the Section C.4(b)  Redemption  (the "Section  C.4(b)  Redemption
Notice") by  first-class  certified  mail,  postage  prepaid and return  receipt
requested,  to the  holders  of the  shares  of Series C  Preferred  Stock to be
redeemed at their respective  addresses as the same shall appear on the books of
the Company. The notice shall refer to this Section C.4(b) and shall specify the
anticipated  Section C.4(b)  Redemption  Date.  Before,  on or after the Section
C.4(b)  Redemption  Date, each holder of Series C Preferred Stock to be redeemed
shall surrender to the Company the certificate or certificates representing such
shares,  in the  manner  and at  the  place  designated  in the  Section  C.4(b)
Redemption  Notice,  and thereupon the Section C.4(b)  Redemption  Price of such
shares  shall be payable to the order of the person  whose name  appears on such
certificate  or  certificates   as  the  owner  thereof  and  each   surrendered
certificates  shall be cancelled.  Notwithstanding  delivery of a Section C.4(b)
Redemption Notice in accordance with this Section C.4(b),  any such notice shall
be deemed  conditional  and expressly  subject to consummation of the Registered
Public Offering referred to hereinabove,  and if said Registered Public Offering
shall not be  consummated,  any such Section C.4(b)  Redemption  Notice shall be
deemed void ab initio and of no force and effect.

         (c)  Redemption  at Option of Majority of Holders.  If the Company does
not successfully  complete a Registered  Public Offering as described in Section
B.4(a) on or before  January 16, 2002,  then at any time after  January 16, 2002
but only at any time during the first 10 days after each  Dividend  Payment Date
(the "Redemption  Election Period") the holders of a majority of the then issued
and outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock (the "Majority  Holders") may
elect to require the Company to redeem shares of Series C Preferred Stock at an

                                      E-27





amount  equal to the Face  Value  plus an amount  equal to  accrued  but  unpaid
dividends to the  respective  dates of redemption  of the shares (the  "Optional
Redemption  Price") in accordance with this Section C.4(c). The Majority Holders
may  require  the Company to redeem  with  respect to each  Redemption  Election
Period up to that number of shares of Series C  Preferred  Stock equal to 10% of
the aggregate  number of shares of Series C Preferred Stock that the Company has
issued (whether or not then issued or outstanding,  including shares of Series B
Preferred  Stock  that  were  issued  and  subsequently  redeemed  or  otherwise
cancelled.)

         If the Majority Holders elect to cause such a redemption, they shall so
notify the Company in writing (the "Redemption  Exercise Notice").  Upon receipt
of the Redemption  Exercise  Notice the Company shall promptly (and in any event
within 10 days of receipt of the Redemption  Exercise Notice) notify all holders
of Series C Preferred  stock of such election by sending a notice (the "Optional
Redemption  Notice") by first class certified  mail,  postage prepaid and return
receipt requested to the holders of Series C Preferred Stock at their respective
addresses  as the same shall  appear on the books of the  Company.  The Optional
Redemption  Notice shall refer to this Section C.4(c) and shall specify the last
day of the month  following  the month  during  which the Company  received  the
Redemption  Exercise  Notice as the date on which  shares of Series C  Preferred
Stock will be redeemed in  accordance  with this Section  C.4(c) (the  "Optional
Redemption  Date").  The Company  shall  promptly  notify (the  "Section  C.4(c)
Redemption  Notice")  each holder of Series C  Preferred  Stock of the number of
shares of Series C Preferred  Stock held by such holder which are being redeemed
pursuant to this Section. An election by the Majority Holders in accordance with
this Section  C.4(c) shall be binding upon all holders of the Series C Preferred
Stock,  and shares of Series C Preferred  Stock shall be redeemed pro rata among
all  holders of said  shares to give effect to the  provisions  of this  Section
C.4(c).

         Upon receipt of the Section C.4(c) Redemption Notice, and before, on or
after the Optional  Redemption  Date, each holder of Series C Preferred Stock to
be redeemed  shall  surrender  to the Company the  certificate  or  certificates
representing  such  shares,  in the  manner and at the place  designated  in the
Section C.4(b) Redemption Notice, and thereupon the Optional Redemption Price of
such shares  shall be payable to the order of the person  whose name  appears on
such  certificate  or  certificates  as the owner  thereof and each  surrendered
certificates  shall be  cancelled.  The Company shall  promptly  reissue to such
holders  (or their  nominees)  certificates  evidencing  the  shares of Series C
Preferred  Stock  represented  by the  surrendered  certificates  which  are not
redeemed.

         (d)  Redemption  at Option of the Company.  The Company may at any time
after January 16, 2003 redeem all of the then issued and  outstanding  shares of
Series C  Preferred  Stock as set forth in this  Section  C.4(d) if all  accrued
dividends  have  been  declared  and  paid  to  the  holders  of  record  of the
outstanding  shares of Series C Preferred Stock through the most recent Dividend
Payment Date. The date of such redemption (the "Company  Redemption Date") shall
be designated in the notice described in the succeeding  paragraph and must be a
date within ten (10) business days after a Dividend Payment Date. The redemption
price  for  any  redemption  pursuant  to  this  Section  C.4(d)  (the  "Company
Redemption  Price") shall be the Face Value of all of the outstanding  shares of
Series C  Preferred  Stock plus an  additional  amount  equal to 10% of the Face
Value of such outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock.

         Not more than sixty (60) days nor less than  fifteen  (15) days  before
the Company Redemption Date, the Company shall send notice of redemption

                                      E-28





pursuant to this Section C.4(d) by first-class,  certified mail, postage prepaid
and  return  receipt  requested,  to all the  holders  of the shares of Series C
Preferred Stock at their  respective  addresses and the same shall appear on the
books of the Company.  The notice  shall refer to this Section  C.4(d) and shall
specify the Company  Redemption  Date and the time and place of the  redemption.
Before,  on or after  the  Company  Redemption  Date,  each  holder  of Series C
Preferred  Stock shall  surrender to the Company the certificate or certificates
representing  such  shares,  in the  manner and at the place  designated  in the
Company  Redemption  Notice,  and thereupon the Company Redemption Price of such
shares  shall be payable to the order of the person  whose name  appears on such
certificate  or  certificates   as  the  owner  thereof  and  each   surrendered
certificate shall be cancelled.

         (e) Provision for Payment. "Redemption Date" shall refer to the Section
C.4(a) Redemption Date (in the case of redemptions  governed by Section C.4(a)),
a Section C.4(b) Redemption Date (in the case of redemptions governed by Section
C.4(b)),  an Optional  Redemption  Date (in the case of redemptions  governed by
Section  C.4(c)),  or a  Company  Redemption  Date (in the  case of  redemptions
governed by Section C.4(d)). "Redemption Price" shall mean the amount to be paid
by the Company on a  particular  Redemption  Date  pursuant  to Section  C.4(a),
Section C.4(b), Section C.4(c), or Section C.4(d), as applicable. On or prior to
each  Redemption  Date,  the Company shall deposit the  Redemption  Price of all
shares of Series C Preferred Stock  designated for redemption on that Redemption
Date with a bank or trust  corporation  having aggregate  capital and surplus in
excess of $100,000,000 as a trust fund for the benefit of the respective holders
of the shares  designated for redemption and not yet redeemed,  with irrevocable
instructions  and  authority  to the  bank  or  trust  corporation  to  pay  the
Redemption  Price for such  shares to their  respective  holders on or after the
related  Redemption Date upon receipt of notification from the Company that such
holder has surrendered his share  certificate to the Company pursuant to Section
C.4(a),  Section  C.4(b),  Section  C.4(c) or Section  C.4(d)  above.  As of the
Redemption  Date, the deposit shall  constitute full payment of the shares being
redeemed on that  Redemption  Date, and from and after the  Redemption  Date the
shares so called for  redemption on that  Redemption  Date shall be redeemed and
shall be deemed to be no longer outstanding, and the holders thereof shall cease
to be  stockholders  with  respect to such  shares and shall have no rights with
respect thereto except the rights to receive from the bank or trust  corporation
payment of the Redemption Price of the shares, without interest,  upon surrender
of their  certificates  therefor.  The  balance of any moneys  deposited  by the
Company pursuant to this Section C.4(e) remaining unclaimed at the expiration of
three (3) years  following the Redemption  Date shall  thereafter be returned to
the  Company  upon  its  request  expressed  in a  resolution  of its  Board  of
Directors.

         (f) Rights Upon Redemption.  From and after the Redemption Date, unless
there shall have been a default in payment of the Redemption  Price,  all rights
of the  holders of shares of Series C  Preferred  Stock to be  redeemed  on that
Redemption  Date as holders of Series C  Preferred  Stock  (except  the right to
receive  the  Redemption   Price  without   interest  upon  surrender  of  their
certificate or certificates)  shall cease with respect to such shares,  and such
shares shall not  thereafter  be  transferred  on the books of the Company or be
deemed to be outstanding for any purpose whatsoever. If the funds of the Company
legally  available for  redemption of shares of Series C Preferred  Stock on any
Redemption Date are  insufficient to redeem the total number of shares of Series
C Preferred  Stock to be  redeemed  on such date,  those funds which are legally
available  will be used to redeem the  maximum  possible  number of such  shares
ratably  among the  holders  of such  shares to be  redeemed  based  upon  their
holdings of Series C Preferred  Stock.  At any time  thereafter  when additional
funds of the Company are legally available for the

                                      E-29





redemption of shares of Series C Preferred Stock such funds will  immediately be
used to redeem the balance of the shares which the Company has become obliged to
redeem on any  Redemption  Date,  but which it has not  redeemed.  The shares of
Series C Preferred  Stock not redeemed shall remain  outstanding and entitled to
all the rights and preferences provided herein.

         (g)  Cancellation of Redeemed  Stock.  Any shares of Series C Preferred
Stock  redeemed  pursuant to this Section  shall be canceled and shall not under
any  circumstances be reissued;  and the Company may from time to time take such
appropriate  corporate  action as may be  necessary  to reduce  accordingly  the
number of authorized shares of the Company's capital stock.

         (h)  Acquisition by Company.  The Company will not, and will not permit
any  subsidiary  of the Company  to,  purchase or acquire any shares of Series C
Preferred  Stock otherwise than pursuant to (A) the terms of this Section C.4 or
(B) an offer made on the same terms to all holders of Series C  Preferred  Stock
at the time outstanding.

                  C.5.  Sinking Fund.

         There  shall  be no  sinking  fund for the  payment  of  dividends,  or
liquidation preferences on the Series C Preferred Stock or the redemption of any
shares thereof.

         D.  Provisions  Applicable  to  Series  A  Preferred  Stock,  Series  B
Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred  Stock, as described in Articles A, B and
C, supra.

         D.1. Registration of Transfer of Preferred Stock. The Company will keep
at its  principal  office  a  register  for the  registration  of the  Series  A
Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock.  Subject
to and in accordance  with the terms of the  Certificate,  upon the surrender of
any  certificate  representing  shares of any series of  Preferred  Stock at the
Company's  principal office,  the Company will, at the request of the registered
holder of such certificate, execute and deliver, at the Company's expense, a new
certificate or  certificates in exchange  representing  the number of shares and
series of Preferred Stock represented by the surrendered certificate.  Each such
new certificate shall be registered in such name and shall represent such number
of  shares  of  Preferred  Stock as  shall be  requested  by the  holder  of the
surrendered  certificate,  should  be  substantially  identical  in  form to the
surrendered  certificate,  and the  Preferred  Stock  represented  by  such  new
certificate  shall earn  dividends from the date to which  dividends  shall have
been paid on the shares represented by the surrendered certificate.

         D.2      Replacement.

         Upon receipt by the Company of evidence  reasonably  satisfactory to it
of  ownership  of  and  the  loss,  theft,  destruction  or  mutilation  of  any
certificate  evidencing one or more shares of Preferred Stock the Company at its
expense will execute and deliver in lieu of such certificate,  a new certificate
of like kind,  representing  the number of shares of Preferred Stock which shall
have been represented by such lost, stolen,  destroyed or mutilated certificate,
dividends  thereon shall accrue from the date to which dividends shall have been
paid on such lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated certificate.

                                      E-30






         D.3      Certain Events.

         If any event  occurs as to which,  in the  opinion of a majority of the
holders of Series B Preferred  Stock,  the  provisions  of this  Certificate  of
Designation, Preferences and Rights are not strictly applicable, or, if strictly
applicable, would not fairly protect the respective rights of the holders of the
Preferred  Stock and the Company in  accordance  with the  essential  intent and
principles  of such  provisions,  then the  Board  of  Directors  shall  make an
adjustment  in the  application  of such  provision,  in  accordance  with  such
essential intent and principles,  so as to protect such rights as aforesaid, but
in no event shall any  adjustment  have the effect of increasing  the conversion
price as  otherwise  determined  pursuant to the any of the  provisions  of this
Certificate  (except as expressly set forth herein) or diminishing the rights of
the holders with regard to dividend payments and payments upon liquidation.

         D.4 Restrictions on Transferability. Shares of Series B Preferred Stock
may be  transferred  only if  transferred  together  with  shares  of  Series  C
Preferred Stock previously  issued as dividends  thereon to Section B.1, and not
otherwise.   Shares  of  Series  C  Preferred   Stock  may  not  be  transferred
independently  and apart from the underlying shares of Series B Preferred Stock.
Certificates  of shares of Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock
shall bear a legend in  substantially  the form set forth below  evidencing such
restrictions.

               "THE SHARES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE
               SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED,  OR THE LAWS OF ANY STATE AND
               MAY NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED,  ASSIGNED, PLEDGED, OR HYPOTHECATED
               UNLESS AND UNTIL REGISTERED UNDER SUCH ACT OR LAWS, OR UNLESS THE
               COMPANY  HAS  RECEIVED  AN OPINION OF COUNSEL OR OTHER  EVIDENCE,
               SATISFACTORY   TO  THE  COMPANY  AND  ITS   COUNSEL,   THAT  SUCH
               REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED."

               "THE  SALE OR  TRANSFER  OF THE  SECURITIES  REPRESENTED  BY THIS
               CERTIFICATE  IS SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND  CONDITIONS OF A CERTAIN
               CERTIFICATE  OF  DESIGNATION,   RIGHTS  AND  PREFERENCES  OF  THE
               CORPORATION,  WHICH  PROHIBITS  THE TRANSFER OF THIS  CERTIFICATE
               INDEPENDENTLY AND APART FROM A CERTIFICATE REPRESENTING SHARES OF
               SERIES C PREFERRED  STOCK,  SUCH CERTIFICATE MAY BE OBTAINED UPON
               WRITTEN REQUEST TO THE SECRETARY OF THE CORPORATION."

               "THE  SALE OR  TRANSFER  OF THE  SECURITIES  REPRESENTED  BY THIS
               CERTIFICATE  IS SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND  CONDITIONS OF A CERTAIN

                                      E-31





               CERTIFICATE  OF  DESIGNATION,   RIGHTS  AND  PREFERENCES  OF  THE
               CORPORATION,  WHICH  PROHIBITS  THE TRANSFER OF THIS  CERTIFICATE
               INDEPENDENTLY AND APART FROM A CERTIFICATE REPRESENTING SHARES OF
               SERIES B PREFERRED  STOCK,  SUCH CERTIFICATE MAY BE OBTAINED UPON
               WRITTEN REQUEST TO THE SECRETARY OF THE CORPORATION."


                                   * * * * * *


                                      E-32





         IN  WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the  Company  has  caused  this  Certificate  of
Designation, Preferences and Rights to be executed by its President and attested
to by its Secretary this _____day of January, 1997.


                                Rio Grande, Inc.



                                                     By:
                                                     Its:      President


ATTEST:




Its:  Secretary

[Seal]




                                      E-33











                       PREFERRED STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT




                                 By and Between

                                Rio Grande, Inc.

                                       and

                            Koch Exploration Company









                                January 16, 1997







                                      E-34







                       PREFERRED STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT


         THIS PREFERRED STOCK PURCHASE  AGREEMENT (as amended from time to time,
the  "Agreement"),  dated  as of  January  16,  1997,  is by  and  between  Koch
Exploration Company, a Kansas corporation  ("Purchaser") and Rio Grande, Inc., a
Delaware corporation ("Rio Grande").

                                    RECITALS

         A. Rio Grande and its  Subsidiaries  are in the business of  acquiring,
producing, selling and developing oil and gas properties and businesses relating
to the foregoing,  including,  without  limitation,  exploring  for,  producing,
transporting, marketing and selling oil, natural gas and related hydrocarbons.

         B.  Purchaser  desires  to  purchase  from Rio  Grande,  and Rio Grande
desires to issue and sell to Purchaser,  500,000 shares of Rio Grande's Series A
Preferred  Stock,  par value $.01 per share,  and 500,000 shares of Rio Grande's
Series B Preferred Stock,  par value $.01 per share,  for an aggregate  purchase
price of  $10,000,000,  and on the other  terms and  subject  to the  conditions
hereinafter set forth.

                                   AGREEMENTS

         In consideration of the recitals and the mutual promises, covenants and
agreements  herein  contained  and other good and  valuable  consideration,  the
receipt and  sufficiency  of which are hereby  acknowledged,  the parties hereto
intending to be legally bound hereby agree as follows:

                                    ARTICLE I

                                   DEFINITIONS

         SECTION I.1.              Definitions.  Certain terms used herein shall
have the indicated meanings as set forth on Schedule 1.1.

         SECTION I.2. Accounting Terms. All accounting terms, determinations and
computations  not  specifically  defined  herein shall be construed  and made in
accordance  with GAAP as applied in the  preparation  of the Rio Grande  Audited
Financial  Statements,  including all notes thereto (but only to the extent such
application is consistent with GAAP).


                                      E-35





                                   ARTICLE II

                                PURCHASE AND SALE

         SECTION II.1.             Authorization of Preferred Stock.  Prior to
Closing, Rio Grande shall file the Certificate of Designation with
the Secretary of State for the State of Delaware.

         SECTION II.2. Sale of Preferred  Stock.  Subject to the satisfaction of
the terms and  conditions  herein set forth and in reliance upon the  respective
representations  and warranties of the parties set forth herein,  at the Closing
Rio Grande  agrees to sell to  Purchaser,  free and clear of any liens,  claims,
charges or encumbrances  whatsoever,  and Purchaser  agrees to purchase from Rio
Grande,  500,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, par value $.01, and 500,000
shares  of  Series  B  Preferred  Stock,  par  value  $.01,  (collectively,  the
"Purchased  Shares"),  for an  aggregate  purchase  price  of  $10,000,000  (the
"Purchase  Price").  Rio Grande and Purchaser  agree that such purchase price is
equal to $10.00  per share of Series A  Preferred  Stock and $10.00 per share of
Series  B  Preferred  Stock.  At the  Closing,  Rio  Grande  agrees  to grant to
Purchaser  an  option  to  purchase  an  additional  200,000  shares of Series A
Preferred  Stock (the  "Option  Shares") in  accordance  with and subject to the
terms and conditions set forth in Section 6.1.

         SECTION II.3. Closing Date. The Closing shall take place at 10:00 a.m.,
San  Antonio,  Texas  time,  on  January  16,  1997 or such  other time and date
mutually  agreed by Rio Grande and Purchaser (the "Closing Date") at the offices
of Rio Grande in San Antonio,  or at such other place as may be mutually  agreed
upon by Rio Grande and Purchaser.

         SECTION II.4.  Activity at Closing.  At Closing,  the  following  shall
occur:


                                      E-36





                  (a)      Actions to be taken by Rio Grande.  At Closing, Rio
         Grande shall:

                           (i) Stock Certificates.  Deliver to Purchaser (a) ten
                  certificates for Series A Preferred Stock,  each  representing
                  50,000  shares  of such  Series A  Preferred  Stock and in the
                  aggregate all such certificates representing 500,000 shares of
                  Series A Preferred Stock and (b) ten certificates for Series B
                  Preferred  Stock,  each  representing  50,000  shares  of such
                  Series  B  Preferred  Stock  and in  the  aggregate  all  such
                  certificates representing 500,000 shares of Series B Preferred
                  Stock, all of such  certificates  duly executed and registered
                  in the name of  Purchaser  (or in the name of such  nominee as
                  Purchaser shall designate).

                           (ii)  Registration  Rights  Agreement.   Execute  and
                  deliver to Purchaser the Registration Rights Agreement in form
                  and substance satisfactory to Purchaser and Rio Grande.

                           (iii) Swap Agreement. Deliver to Purchaser a true and
                  correct  copy  of  a  fully  executed  Master  Commodity  Swap
                  Agreement (the "Swap  Agreement")  between Rio Grande and Koch
                  Oil Company, a division of Koch Industries,  Inc.,  pertaining
                  to crude oil in form and substance satisfactory to Purchaser,
                  Rio Grande and the Senior Lenders.

                           (iv)  Officer's  Certificate.  Deliver to Purchaser a
                  certificate,  executed by the  President  and Chief  Financial
                  Officer of Rio  Grande,  to the effect  that as of the Closing
                  Date (1) no default  exists under the Senior Loan  Agreements,
                  (2) the  representations  and  warranties set forth in Section
                  3.1 are  accurate in all  material  respects as of the Closing
                  Date as if made on the  Closing  Date,  and (3) since the date
                  hereof there has been no Material Adverse Change.

                           (v) Legal  Opinion.  Deliver to Purchaser the opinion
                  of Cox & Smith Incorporated,  counsel to Rio Grande, dated the
                  Closing Date, substantially in the form of Exhibit B.

                           (vi)  Secretary's  Certificate.  Deliver to Purchaser
                  copies of each of the following, in each case certified by the
                  Secretary  of Rio Grande to be in full force and effect on the
                  Closing Date:

                                (1) the Charter as of the Closing  certified  by
                       the  Secretary of State for the State of Delaware as of a
                       date not more than seven days prior to the Closing;


                                      E-37





                                (2) the By-laws; and

                                (3) resolutions of the Board of Directors of Rio
                       Grande,  the form and substance of which are satisfactory
                       to Purchaser,  adopting and authorizing the execution and
                       filing of the Certificate of Designation, and authorizing
                       the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement
                       and   the   Registration   Rights   Agreement   and   the
                       transactions  contemplated hereby and thereby,  including
                       the issuance and sale of the Purchased Shares.

                           (vii)   Good   Standing   Certificates.   Deliver  to
                  Purchaser  copies of a certificate  of existence  and, where a
                  jurisdiction  issues  good  standing   certificates,   a  good
                  standing  certificate  with respect to Rio Grande and for each
                  of  the   Subsidiaries  of  Rio  Grande  in  their  respective
                  jurisdictions   of   incorporation   or  formation   from  the
                  respective public authorities of their states of incorporation
                  or  formation as of a date not more than fifteen days prior to
                  the Closing.

                           (viii) Expenses.  Pay to Purchaser,  by wire transfer
                  of  immediately  available  funds to an account  designated in
                  written  instructions  theretofore received by Rio Grande from
                  Purchaser,  an amount  equal to the  lesser of  $50,000 or the
                  amount  of  all  direct   out-of-pocket   expenses  reasonably
                  incurred by  Purchaser  in  connection  with the  negotiation,
                  review and consummation of this Agreement and the transactions
                  contemplated  hereby.  In  lieu of such  wire  transfer,  such
                  amount may be credited  against the Purchase Price at Closing,
                  thereby   reducing  the  amount  to  be  wire  transferred  by
                  Purchaser pursuant to Section 2.4(b)(i).

               (b)      Actions to be taken by Purchaser.  At Closing, Purchaser
shall:

                           (i)  Payment.  Pay  the  Purchase  Price  (minus  any
         adjustments  thereto  pursuant  to  Section  2.4(b)(ix)  above) by wire
         transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by Rio
         Grande in written instructions theretofore received by Purchaser.

                           (ii)  Registration  Rights  Agreement.   Execute  and
         deliver to Rio Grande the Registration Rights Agreement.

                           (iii) Stockholders Agreement.  Execute and deliver to
         each  of  Robert  A.  Buschman  and Guy Bob  Buschman  a  Stockholders'
         Agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Purchaser.

                                      E-38






                           (iv) Officer's  Certificate.  Deliver to Rio Grande a
         certificate,  executed by the Vice President of Purchaser to the effect
         that as of the Closing  Date the  representations  and  warranties  set
         forth in Section  III.2  hereof are true and  accurate in all  material
         respects as of the Closing Date.


                                   ARTICLE III

                         REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

         SECTION III.1. Representations and Warranties of Rio Grande. Rio Grande
represents  and warrants to  Purchaser  that as of the date hereof and as of the
Closing Date:

         SECTION  III.1.1.   Corporate  Organization  and  Standing;  Power  and
Authority.  Rio Grande and each of its  Subsidiaries is a corporation or limited
partnership  (as the case may be) duly organized,  validly  existing and in good
standing under the laws of the  jurisdiction of its  incorporation or formation,
and  is  duly  qualified  to do  business  and in  good  standing  as a  foreign
corporation or limited  partnership in all jurisdictions in which it is required
to be  qualified  in order to do  business,  except  where the  failure to be so
qualified  would  not have a  Material  Adverse  Effect  on Rio  Grande  and its
Subsidiaries  on a  consolidated  basis.  Accurate  and  complete  copies of the
Charter and By-laws and of the organizational  documents of each of Rio Grande's
Subsidiaries have heretofore been delivered to Purchaser. Rio Grande and each of
its Subsidiaries has full power and authority to own or lease its properties and
to carry on its business as it is presently being conducted. Rio Grande has full
corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the  Registration
Rights Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder.

         SECTION III.1.2. Authorized Capital Stock of Rio Grande.

         (a) The authorized  capital stock of Rio Grande will, as of the Closing
Date, consist of 12,000,000 shares of common stock, $.01 par value, (the "Common
Stock")  and  3,000,000  shares of  preferred  stock,  par value $.01 per share,
consisting of the following:

                           (i) 700,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock,  none
         of which shall be issued or  outstanding  except for the 500,000 shares
         issued to Purchaser at Closing;

                           (ii)500,000  shares of Series B Preferred Stock, none


                                      E-39





         of which shall be issued or  outstanding  except for the 500,000 shares
         issued to Purchaser at Closing;

                           (iii)  500,000  shares of Series C  Preferred  Stock,
         none of which shall be issued or outstanding; and

                           (iv) 1,300,000  shares of other preferred  stock, the
         rights and  preferences  of which  having not been  established  by Rio
         Grande's Board of Directors and none of which shares shall be issued or
         outstanding.

Schedule 3.1.2(a) sets forth as of December 31, 1996 the following  information:
(i) the number of issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, (ii) the number
of shares of Common Stock  issuable  upon the  exercise of options,  warrants or
other  rights of  purchase  which were  exercisable  as of  December  31,  1996,
including the exercise price for each such share;  (iii) the number of shares of
Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of options,  warrants or other rights of
purchase  which were not  exercisable  as of December  31, 1996,  including  the
exercise price for each such share and (iv) the number of shares of Common Stock
issuable  pursuant to any other contract,  option,  warrant or commitment of any
character  granted or issued by Rio Grande.  The shares of Common Stock issuable
upon the exercise of all options, warrants or other rights of purchase have been
duly  reserved for issuance upon such  exercise.  Since  December 31, 1996,  Rio
Grande  has not  issued or agreed  to issue  any  shares of Common  Stock or any
options, warrants or other rights to purchase Common Stock.

         (b) On the Closing Date, after giving effect to the consummation of the
transactions  contemplated by this Agreement,  to the knowledge of Rio Grande no
person or group that would be required to report its  ownership  of Rio Grande's
equity securities on a Schedule 13D or an amendment thereto will be the legal or
beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated by the Commission
pursuant to the Exchange Act) of 5% or more of the issued and outstanding Common
Stock other than as set forth on Schedule 3.1.2(b).

         (c) No Person has any preemptive right to purchase or subscribe for any
shares of Common Stock,  preferred stock or any other  securities of Rio Grande.
Except for the Series B Preferred  Stock  (which is  convertible  into shares of
Common  Stock)  and  except as  disclosed  on  Schedule  3.1.2(a),  there are no
outstanding  securities  of Rio  Grande  or any of its  Subsidiaries  which  are
convertible  into or  exchangeable  for any shares of Rio Grande  capital stock;
there are no existing contracts, options, warrants, calls or similar commitments
of any character granted or issued by Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries

                                      E-40





calling for or relating to the  issuance or transfer of shares of capital  stock
or any other securities of Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries;  and there are
no stock  appreciation  rights,  contingent  interest  certificates  or coupons,
phantom stock rights or similar interests granted or issued by Rio Grande.

         (d)      Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1.2(d), the Company has
no obligation to register any of its Common Stock or other
securities under the Securities Act.

         (e) Cumulative voting in the election of directors of Rio Grande is not
permitted.  Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1.2(e),  to Rio Grande's knowledge
there exist (and upon  consummation  of the  transactions  contemplated  by this
Agreement,  there will exist) (a) no voting trusts,  voting  agreements or other
arrangements  by or among any of its  stockholders  regarding  the voting of Rio
Grande Common Stock and (b) no agreements between any of the stockholders or one
or  more  groups  of  stockholders  of  Rio  Grande  who  hold  individually  or
beneficially 5% or more of Rio Grande's equity securities and Rio Grande related
to Rio Grande or its capital stock.

         SECTION III.1.3. Authorization and Enforceability. All corporate action
on the part of Rio Grande and its directors and  stockholders  necessary for the
authorization,  execution,  delivery  and  performance  by Rio  Grande  of  this
Agreement,  the Registration Rights Agreement and the Acquisition Agreement (and
related  agreements)  to which Rio  Grande is a party,  as the case may be;  the
consummation of the transactions  contemplated hereby and thereby (including the
Acquisition);  and the  authorization  of the  Preferred  Stock and issuance and
delivery of the Purchased Shares have been taken. Each of this Agreement and the
Acquisition  Agreement is a legal,  valid and binding  obligation of Rio Grande,
enforceable  against Rio Grande in accordance with its terms,  except as limited
by bankruptcy, insolvency or other laws affecting creditors' rights generally or
by  general  equitable  principles.  Upon  execution,  the  Registration  Rights
Agreement  will  be a  legal,  valid  and  binding  obligation  of  Rio  Grande,
enforceable  against Rio Grande in accordance with its terms,  except as limited
by bankruptcy, insolvency or other laws affecting creditors' rights generally or
by general equitable  principles.  The Purchased Shares,  when issued,  sold and
delivered  in  accordance  with the terms of this  Agreement,  and the  Series C
Preferred  Stock when  issued  and  delivered  pursuant  to the  Certificate  of
Designation, and the Option Shares when issued, sold and delivered in accordance
with the terms of this Agreement,  will be duly and validly issued,  fully paid,
non-assessable   and  free  and  clear  of  all  liens,   charges,   claims  and
encumbrances. The shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of Series

                                      E-41





B Preferred  Stock have been duly reserved for issuance  upon the  conversion of
Series B  Preferred  Stock and,  when  issued  upon the  conversion  of Series B
Preferred Stock in accordance with the Charter Certificate of Designation,  will
be duly and validly issued,  fully paid and non-assessable and free and clear of
all liens, charges, claims and encumbrances.

         SECTION III.1.4.  Title to and Condition of Assets. Except as set forth
on Schedule 3.1.4,  Rio Grande and each of its  Subsidiaries  has good and valid
title to all  properties,  assets  and  rights  of every  name  and  nature  now
reflected  as being owned by it in the books and records  from which it prepares
financial  statements,  free from all defects,  liens,  charges and encumbrances
whatsoever (other than  insubstantial  defects in title customary in the oil and
gas industry and other liens which singly and in the aggregate do not materially
detract  from the  value or  impair  the use of the  affected  properties).  The
material  tangible  assets  of  Rio  Grande  and  its  Subsidiaries,  which  are
reasonably  necessary  for the  operation  of the business of Rio Grande and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole, are in good working condition,  ordinary wear and
tear excepted, are able to serve the function for which they are currently being
used,  and to Rio Grande's  knowledge  there are no  conditions  or events which
would prevent continued normal operation of said material tangible assets.

         SECTION  III.1.5.   Subsidiaries  and  Other  Investments.   Except  as
indicated on Schedule  3.1.5,  Rio Grande does not own,  directly or indirectly,
any shares of capital stock of any  corporation  or hold any equity or ownership
interest in any other Person.


                                      E-42





         SECTION  III.1.6.  Financial  Statements.  Copies of (a) the Rio Grande
Audited Balance Sheet,  and related audited  statements of income,  earnings and
cash  flows  for the  fiscal  year  then  ended,  including  the  notes  thereto
(collectively,  the  "Rio  Grande  Audited  Financial  Statements")  and (b) the
unaudited  balance  sheet of Rio Grande and its  Subsidiaries  as of October 31,
1996 as filed with the  Commission  on Form 10-QSB  (the "Rio  Grande  Unaudited
Balance Sheet"), and related unaudited  statements of income,  earnings and cash
flow for the nine months  then ended  (collectively,  the "Rio Grande  Unaudited
Financial  Statements"),  are included in the Publicly Filed Documents that have
heretofore  been  delivered  to  Purchaser.  The Rio  Grande  Audited  Financial
Statements  have been  prepared from the books and records of Rio Grande and its
Subsidiaries  in  conformity  with GAAP applied on a basis  consistent  with the
applicable prior date or period and present fairly in all material  respects the
financial  condition of Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries as at the Audit Date and
the results of operations and cash flow of Rio Grande and its  Subsidiaries  for
the periods indicated.  The Rio Grande Unaudited Financial  Statements have been
prepared  from the books and  records  of Rio  Grande  and its  Subsidiaries  in
conformity  with GAAP  (subject to normal  year-end  audit  adjustments  and the
absence of footnotes) and present fairly in all material  respects the financial
condition of Rio Grande and its  Subsidiaries  as at the Interim  Balance  Sheet
Date  and  the  results  of  operations  and  cash  flow of Rio  Grande  and its
Subsidiaries  for the nine months then ended. The books of account of Rio Grande
and its Subsidiaries fairly reflect all material  transactions of Rio Grande and
its Subsidiaries and are correct and complete in all material respects.

         SECTION III.1.7. Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities.  As of the Interim
Balance Sheet Date, Rio Grande had (and as of the date hereof Rio Grande has and
as of the Closing Date Rio Grande will have) no material liabilities (matured or
unmatured,  fixed or  contingent)  known to it which are not fully  reflected or
provided for on the Rio Grande Unaudited Balance Sheet as at the Interim Balance
Sheet Date), or any material loss  contingency (as defined in State of Financial
Accounting  Standards  No. 5) known to it whether or not  required by GAAP to be
shown on the Rio Grande Unaudited Balance Sheet,  except  obligations to perform
under commitments  incurred in the ordinary course of business after the Interim
Balance Sheet Date. A portion of the monthly  revenues  received by Rio Grande's
Subsidiaries from offshore  properties located in the Gulf of Mexico is deducted
by the operator to fund future  estimated  abandonment  costs. The amount of the
abandonment  escrow and the accrued platform  abandonment  expense recognized by
Rio Grande is based on the ratio of produced  reserves to the  remaining  proved
producing  reserves of the  properties  based upon  information  provided by the
operator of the respective properties.

                                      E-43





         SECTION III.1.8.  Pro Forma Financial  Information and  Projections.  A
true and correct copy of the  Acquisition  Agreement has  heretofore  been filed
with the  Commission on December 16, 1996 as an Exhibit to a Periodic  Report on
Form 10QSB and has been  delivered to Purchaser.  Purchaser  has been  furnished
copies of (i) a pro forma balance sheet of Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries as of
July 31, 1996 giving effect to the  Acquisition  as of such date (the "Pro Forma
Balance Sheet") and (ii) a projected statement of earnings and cash flows of Rio
Grande for the fiscal  year ended  January 31,  1997,  projected  statements  of
earnings  and cash flow for Rio Grande  and its  Subsidiaries  for fiscal  years
ended January 31, 1998 through  January 31, 2007, the projected year end balance
sheet for Rio  Grande  and its  Subsidiaries  as of January  31,  1997,  and the
projected  year-end  balance sheets for Rio Grande and its  Subsidiaries for the
fiscal years ending January 31, 1998 through January 31, 2001  (collectively the
"Projections").  The  Projections  were  prepared in good faith and were and are
based upon the  assumptions  reflected  therein,  which  Purchaser  acknowledges
having reviewed and having had an opportunity to discuss with representatives of
Rio Grande.

         SECTION  III.1.9.  Minute Books.  The copies of the minute books of Rio
Grande and its  Subsidiaries  which were  delivered to Purchaser are complete in
all material  respects and reflect all transactions  referred to in such minutes
in all material respects.


         SECTION III.1.10. Leases. Schedule 3.1.10 sets forth leases pursuant to
which Rio Grande and any of its  Subsidiaries  lease real or personal  property.
Except as specifically noted on Schedule 3.1.10, all leases and other agreements
pursuant  to which Rio  Grande or its  Subsidiaries  lease from  others  real or
personal  property  that  serve  as  collateral  pursuant  to  the  Senior  Loan
Agreements  are in good standing,  valid and effective in accordance  with their
respective terms without any material defaults  thereunder,  and to Rio Grande's
knowledge,  all other leases and agreements  pursuant to which Rio Grande or its
Subsidiaries  lease from others real or personal  property are in good standing,
valid and  effective  in  accordance  with their  respective  terms  without any
material defaults thereunder.

         SECTION  III.1.11.  Proprietary  Rights. As of the date hereof and from
and after the Closing Date, each of Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries  will own or
have the unrestricted  right to use all Proprietary Rights that are necessary to
permit  the  business  of Rio Grande and its  Subsidiaries,  as they  propose to
conduct  them,  to be carried on after the  Closing  Date in the manner in which
they are currently conducted. To Rio Grande's knowledge, the use of such
                              E-44





Proprietary  Rights by Rio Grande and/or its Subsidiaries  does not and will not
violate or infringe on the  proprietary  rights of any third party,  there is no
claim,  action,  proceeding or investigation  pending or threatened  against Rio
Grande or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any of such Proprietary Rights
and none of Rio Grande and its  Subsidiaries  have any knowledge  that any third
party is infringing any of such Proprietary  Rights.  Neither Rio Grande nor any
of its  Subsidiaries is in material default under any license or other agreement
relating to any of such Proprietary  Rights and all such licenses and agreements
are  valid,  enforceable  and in full  force and effect and there is no event or
condition  which,  with notice or lapse of time,  or both,  would  constitute an
event of default under such licenses or agreements.

         SECTION III.1.12.  Insurance.  Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries maintain
insurance with reputable  insurers with respect to their  respective  properties
and business  against such  casualties and  contingencies  and in such types and
amounts as are set forth on Schedule 3.1.12.  All such insurance policies are in
full force and effect  and Rio  Grande and its  Subsidiaries  are not in default
under any such policy. True and complete summaries of such policies as in effect
on the date  hereof have been  provided  to  Purchaser.  Such  policies  provide
insurance coverage adequate to comply with worker's compensation, transportation
and other laws applicable to Rio Grande and/or its Subsidiaries and any permits,
licenses, approvals and/or contracts to which Rio Grande and/or its Subsidiaries
are parties.

         SECTION  III.1.13.  Taxes.  Rio Grande and each of its Subsidiaries has
duly filed all tax reports and returns  (including all federal,  state and local
income tax,  franchise  tax,  gross  receipts,  sales tax, wage tax and real and
personal  property  tax  returns)  required to be filed by it, has duly paid all
taxes and other charges (including customs duties) reflected on such tax reports
and returns as being due and has withheld  all taxes  required to be withheld by
it by any federal,  state, local or foreign taxing authority,  excepting in each
case such taxes as are being contested in good faith or where the failure to pay
such  taxes  would not have a Material  Adverse  Effect on the  Company  and its
Subsidiaries on a consolidated  basis.  The federal and state income tax returns
of Rio  Grande  and its  Subsidiaries  have  never  been  audited.  There are no
outstanding  waivers  by Rio  Grande or any of its  Subsidiaries  to extend  the
statute of  limitations  on any tax  assessment  or powers of attorney  relating
thereto.  Neither  Rio  Grande  nor any of its  Subsidiaries  has filed with the
Internal  Revenue  Service any election or consent under  Section  341(f) of the
Code. As of January 31, 1996, the net operating loss  carryforward of Rio Grande
as reflected in its federal income tax return, Form 1120 was $16,964,968. To Rio
Grande's knowledge, there have been no transfers by or among holders of five

                                      E-45





percent or more of the Common Stock that have  resulted in a  limitation  on the
net operating loss carryforward.

         SECTION  III.1.14.  Disclosure  of Contracts and  Arrangements.  To Rio
Grande's  knowledge,  the  exhibits  listed  in  the  Publicly  Filed  Documents
constitute  all of the contracts  that would be required to be filed pursuant to
Item 601(b)(4),  (9), (10),  (22), and (23) of Regulation S-B (as promulgated by
the  Commission)  if an Annual  Report on Form  10-KSB  were being  filed on the
Closing Date. Accurate and complete copies of all such contracts have heretofore
been  furnished to  Purchaser,  all contracts  referenced in the first  sentence
hereof are valid and in full force and effect, and neither Rio Grande nor any of
its Subsidiaries is in material default,  and has not been notified by any other
party that it is in material default, under any contract described above. To Rio
Grande's knowledge, no party with whom Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries has
an  agreement  which  is of  material  importance  to Rio  Grande  or any of its
Subsidiaries  is in  default  thereunder.  Neither  Rio  Grande  nor  any of its
Subsidiaries is subject to any contract,  the performance of which it reasonably
anticipates  could  have a  Materially  Adverse  Effect  or would be  considered
unreasonably  burdensome in its  industry.  The Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for
the fiscal year ended on the Audit Date, and all other Publicly Filed  Documents
complied in form with all rules and regulations of the Commission and accurately
described the affairs and condition of Rio Grande and its  Subsidiaries  for the
periods indicated therein in all material respects.

         SECTION III.1.15.  No Adverse Changes.  Except as set forth in Schedule
3.1.15, since the Interim Balance Sheet Date there has not been:

                           (a) any  material  adverse  change  in the  condition
         (financial  or  otherwise  including  environmental  matters),  assets,
         liabilities,  business  or  business  prospects  of Rio  Grande  or its
         Subsidiaries  from that shown by the Rio Grande Unaudited Balance Sheet
         as at the Interim Balance Sheet Date;

                           (b)  any  dividend,  declaration,  setting  aside  or
         payment or other distribution in respect of any of Rio Grande's capital
         stock  or  any  direct  or  indirect  redemption,   purchase  or  other
         acquisition of any of such stock by Rio Grande;

                           (c)  any  labor   dispute,   or  any   other   event,
         development,  or condition,  of any  character,  or threat of the same,
         materially  adversely  affecting the business or business  prospects of
         Rio Grande of its Subsidiaries;

                           (d)     any asset or property of Rio Grande or its

                                      E-46





         Subsidiaries   made   subject  to  a  lien  of  any  kind  (other  than
         insubstantial  defects in title  customary  in the oil and gas industry
         and other liens which  singly and in the  aggregate  do not  materially
         detract from the value or impair the use of the affected properties);

                           (e) any material liability or obligation  incurred by
         Rio Grande or its  Subsidiaries,  other than liabilities or obligations
         incurred in the ordinary course of business;

                           (f) any waiver of any valuable right of Rio Grande or
         its  Subsidiaries or any  cancellation of any debt or claim held by Rio
         Grande or its  Subsidiaries,  in either case in an amount that would be
         material to Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis;

                           (g)  any  issuance  of  any  stock,  bonds  or  other
         securities  (including options,  warrants,  or rights) of Rio Grande or
         its  Subsidiaries or any agreements or commitments  respecting the same
         (except as contemplated hereby);

                           (h) any sale,  assignment or transfer of any material
         tangible or intangible assets of Rio Grande or its Subsidiaries  except
         with respect to tangible assets in the ordinary course of business;

                           (i) any extraordinary  increase,  direct or indirect,
         in the compensation paid or payable to any officer, director,  employee
         or agent of Rio Grande or its Subsidiaries;

                           (j) any wage or  salary  increase  applicable  to any
         group  or  classification   of  employees   generally  (other  than  in
         connection   with  the  general  salary  plan  of  Rio  Grande  or  its
         Subsidiaries),  any employment  contract with or loan to any officer or
         employee,  or any  material  transaction  of any other  nature with any
         director,  officer,  shareholder  or  employee  of  Rio  Grande  or its
         Subsidiaries except on terms no less favorable to Rio Grande than would
         be obtained in an arms length  transaction  with an unaffiliated  third
         party;

                           (k) any material transaction,  contract or commitment
         outside the ordinary course of business, except as contemplated by this
         Agreement,  the Acquisition  Agreement,  the Senior Loan Agreements (as
         amended), the Reid Engagement and the transactions  contemplated hereby
         and thereby;

                           (l) any material change in its accounting  methods or
         practices; or


                                      E-47





                           (m) any event requiring the Company to file a Current
         Report on Form 8-K.

         SECTION III.1.16.  Litigation.  There is no action, suit, proceeding or
investigation pending or, to the knowledge of Rio Grande,  threatened against or
affecting Rio Grande or any of its  Subsidiaries or any property or right of Rio
Grande  or any of its  Subsidiaries,  and  neither  Rio  Grande  nor  any of its
Subsidiaries  is aware of any facts  which  would  provide a valid basis for any
investigation, action, suit, proceeding or claim.

         SECTION  III.1.17.  Compliance  with  Laws.  Rio Grande and each of its
Subsidiaries  has complied with and is not in default in any respect under,  any
law,  ordinance,  requirement,  regulation,  rule  or  order  applicable  to its
business,  including equal employment  opportunity  laws,  employee safety laws,
Environmental Laws, transportation, equipment safety laws and other governmental
regulations  affecting the conduct of its business,  except where the failure to
so comply  would  not have a  Material  Adverse  Effect  on Rio  Grande  and its
Subsidiaries  or on a  consolidated  basis.  Neither  Rio  Grande nor any of its
Subsidiaries is subject to any continuing court or administrative  order,  writ,
injunction or decree,  applicable specifically to it, its business,  property or
employees,  or, is in default with  respect to any order,  writ,  injunction  or
decree  of  any  court  or  federal,  state,  municipal  or  other  governmental
department, commission, board, agency or instrumentality, domestic or foreign.

         SECTION III.1.18.  Absence of Conflicts.  The execution and delivery of
this Agreement,  the  Registration  Rights  Agreement,  the Swap Agreement,  the
Stockholders  Agreement and the Acquisition  Agreement,  the consummation of the
transactions  provided for herein or therein (including the Acquisition) and the
fulfillment by Rio Grande and/or any of its  Subsidiaries of the terms hereof or
thereof,  do not and/or will not (a) conflict  with or result in a breach of any
provision  of the  Charter or By-laws or the  charter or by-laws or  partnership
agreement  or other  organizational  documents of any of its  Subsidiaries,  (b)
result in a  conflict  or  default  or give  rise to any  right of  termination,
cancellation or acceleration under any of the terms, conditions or provisions of
any note, bond, mortgage, loan agreement,  indenture,  license, lease, agreement
or other instrument or obligation to which Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries
is a party or by which Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries is bound (including
the Senior Loan  Agreements  but  excluding  the 11.5%  Notes),  (c) violate any
order, writ,  injunction,  decree, or any statute, rule or regulation applicable
to Rio Grande or any of its  Subsidiaries  or any of the material  properties or
assets of Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries or (d) conflict with or give

                                      E-48





rise to any right of termination  under, or materially and adversely affect, any
material permit,  license or  authorization  of any governmental  authorizations
used or required by Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries.

         SECTION III.1.19. Consents. No consent, approval or other action by any
local, state, federal or foreign  governmental  authority or any third person is
required in  connection  with the  execution  and delivery by Rio Grande of this
Agreement,  the Registration Rights Agreement and the Acquisition  Agreement and
the consummation of the transactions  contemplated hereby and thereby except for
consents and approvals that have been obtained as of the Closing Date.

         SECTION III.1.20. Employee Benefit Plans.

         (a)  No  Plan  is  subject  to  Title  IV of  ERISA  and no  Plan  is a
"multiemployer plan" (as that term is defined in sections 3(37) and 4001(a)(3)of
ERISA).

         (b) To the extent required by applicable law or regulations,  all Plans
have been  accurately  described in the Publicly Filed  Documents and there have
been no material changes in the provisions thereof.

         (c) All Plans comply and have been  administered  in form and operation
in all material respects with all requirements of applicable law.

         (d)  There  are no  actions,  suits,  or  claims  (except  for  the one
outstanding   employment   claim  summarized  on  Schedule  3.1.20)  pending  or
threatened  involving  any Plan or the assets  thereof  and no facts exist which
could give rise to any such actions,  suits or claims (other than routine claims
for benefits).

         (e)   No   Plan   provides   pension,    post-retirement   medical   or
post-retirement  life insurance  benefits  (except as may be required by section
601 of ERISA or section 4980B of the Code).

         (f) There  have been no  "prohibited  transactions"  (as  described  in
section 406 of ERISA)  with  respect to any Plan and neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary has otherwise engaged in any prohibited transaction.

         (g) To the  extent  required,  actuarially  adequate  accruals  for all
obligations  under each of the Plans are  reflected  in the Rio  Grande  Audited
Financial  Statements  and such  obligations  include  a pro rata  amount of the
contributions  that  would  otherwise  have  been made in  accordance  with past
practices and applicable law for plan years which include the Closing Date.

                                      E-49





         SECTION  III.1.21.  Labor Relations.  Neither Rio Grande nor any of its
Subsidiaries is a party to any collective bargaining agreement.  No strike, work
stoppage  or  other  labor  dispute  relating  to  Rio  Grande  or  any  of  its
Subsidiaries  is  pending  or,  to the  knowledge  of Rio  Grande  or any of its
Subsidiaries, is threatened and no application for certification of a collective
bargaining  agent is pending  or, to the  knowledge  of Rio Grande or any of its
Subsidiaries,  is  threatened.  There are no unfair  labor  practice  charges or
grievances pending or in process or, to Rio Grande's knowledge, threatened by or
on behalf of any employee of Rio Grande or any of its  Subsidiaries nor have any
complaints  been  received by Rio Grande or any of its  Subsidiaries  or, to the
knowledge of Rio Grande or any of its  Subsidiaries,  threatened or filed,  with
any  federal,   state  or  local  governmental   agencies  alleging   employment
discrimination or other violations of laws pertaining to such employees.

         SECTION  III.1.22.  Compensation,  Ownership and Conflicts of Interest.
The Publicly Filed Documents set forth in all material  respects the information
required by Regulation S-B, Items 401-404 to be disclosed in such Publicly-Filed
Documents for the periods covered  thereby.  Since the dates and periods covered
by the  Publicly-Filed  Documents  no material  change has occurred in the type,
nature or amount of the arrangements  and transactions  covered by such items in
Regulation S-B.

         SECTION  III.1.23.  Licenses  and  Permits.  Rio Grande and each of its
Subsidiaries  has all material  licenses,  permits and other  authorizations  of
governmental  authorities,  domestic and foreign,  used or required by it in the
conduct of its business,  is in full  compliance  with the material terms of and
requirements  that are  conditions to the  existence of such material  licenses,
permit and other  authorization,  and has not  received any notice (nor does Rio
Grande or any of its Subsidiaries have any reason to believe) that revocation is
being  considered  with  respect to any of such  material  licenses,  permits or
authorizations.

         SECTION III.1.24.  Absence of Certain Payments.  Neither Rio Grande nor
any of its Subsidiaries, or any Person acting with knowledge or authorization of
Rio Grande on behalf of Rio Grande or its Subsidiaries,  has made any payment to
or conferred  any benefit,  directly or  indirectly,  on  suppliers,  customers,
employees or agents of suppliers or customers,  or officials or employees of any
government or agency or instrumentality of any government  (domestic or foreign)
or any political parties or candidates for office, which is or was unlawful.

         SECTION  III.1.25.  Environmental  Matters.  Except  as  set  forth  in


                                      E-50





Schedule  3.1.25,  (a)  all  facilities  and  property   (including   underlying
groundwater)  owned, leased or operated by Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries
have been,  and continue to be, owned,  leased or operated by Rio Grande and its
Subsidiaries in material  compliance with all Environmental Laws; (b) there have
been no past,  and there are no  pending  or, to the  knowledge  of Rio  Grande,
threatened  (i) claims,  complaints,  notices or  inquiries  to, or requests for
information  received by, Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries  with respect to
any alleged  violation of any  Environmental  Law, or (ii)  claims,  complaints,
notices or inquiries to, or requests for information  received by, Rio Grande or
any of its Subsidiaries  regarding  potential  liability under any Environmental
Law or under any common law theories  relating to operations or the condition of
any facilities or property (including  underlying  groundwater) owned, leased or
operated  by Rio  Grande  or any of its  Subsidiaries;  (c)  there  have been no
Releases of Hazardous  Materials  at, on or under any property now or previously
owned or leased or  operated  by Rio  Grande  or any of its  Subsidiaries  that,
singly or in the  aggregate,  have,  or may  reasonably  be expected to have,  a
Material Adverse Effect;  (d) Rio Grande and its  Subsidiaries  have been issued
and  are  in  material  compliance  with  all  material  permits,  certificates,
approvals,  licenses and other authorizations required under Environmental Laws;
(e) no property now or previously owned, leased or operated by Rio Grande or any
of its  Subsidiaries  is  listed  or, to Rio  Grande's  knowledge  proposed  for
listing,  on the National  Priorities List pursuant to CERCLA, on the CERCLIS or
on any other federal or state list of sites requiring investigation or clean-up;
(f) there are no  underground  storage  tanks,  active or  abandoned,  including
petroleum  storage  tanks,  on or under any  property now or  previously  owned,
leased or operated by Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries  that,  singly or in
the aggregate,  have, or may reasonably be expected to have, a Material  Adverse
Effect;  (g) neither Rio Grande nor any  Subsidiary  of Rio Grande has  directly
transported  or  directly  arranged  for  the  transportation  of any  Hazardous
Material to any location which is listed or, to Rio Grande's  knowledge proposed
for listing,  on the National Priorities List pursuant to CERCLA, on the CERCLIS
or on any  similar  federal  or state list or which is the  subject of  federal,
state or local enforcement actions or other  investigations which may reasonably
be expected to lead to claims against Rio Grande or such Subsidiary  thereof for
any remedial work,  damage to natural  resources or personal  injury,  including
claims under CERCLA;  (h) there are no  polychlorinated  biphenyls,  radioactive
materials or friable asbestos present at any property now or previously owned or
leased or operated by Rio Grande or any Subsidiary of Rio Grande that, singly or
in the  aggregate,  have,  or may  reasonably  be expected  to have,  a Material
Adverse Effect;  and (i) to the knowledge of Rio Grande, no conditions exist at,
on or under any property now or previously owned or leased or operated by Rio

                                      E-51





Grande or any of its Subsidiaries which, with the passage of time, or the giving
of notice or both,  would give rise to  liability  under any  Environmental  Law
which may reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

         SECTION III.1.26. Fees and Commissions. Except as set forth on Schedule
3.1.26,  neither  Rio Grande  nor any Person  acting on behalf of Rio Grande has
retained any finder,  broker,  agent,  financial  advisor or other  intermediary
(collectively,  "Rio Grande  Intermediary")  in connection with the transactions
contemplated hereby. Rio Grande shall indemnify and hold harmless Purchaser from
liability  for any  compensation  to any  Rio  Grande  Intermediary  (including,
without  limitation,  any Persons  listed in  Schedule  3.1.26) and the fees and
expenses of defending against such liability or alleged liability.

         SECTION III.1.27. Regulation G, Etc. None of the proceeds from the sale
of the Purchased  Shares or Option Shares will be used,  directly or indirectly,
for the  purpose of  purchasing  or carrying  any  "margin  stock" as defined in
Regulation G (12 CFR Part 207) of the Board of Governors of the Federal  Reserve
System (herein called "margin stock") or for the purpose of reducing or retiring
any indebtedness which was originally incurred to purchase or carry margin stock
or for any other purpose which might constitute this transaction or transactions
relating to the Acquisition a "purpose  credit" within the meaning of Regulation
G.  Neither  Rio Grande,  any of its  Subsidiaries  nor any agent  acting on its
behalf has taken or will take any action  which  might cause this  Agreement  to
violate  Regulation  G,  T, U or X or any  other  regulation  of  the  Board  of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System or to violate the Exchange Act.

         SECTION III.1.28. Senior Loan Agreements; No Restrictive Covenants. All
agreements  between Rio Grande and/or its Subsidiaries  and Comerica  Bank-Texas
are listed on Schedule  3.1.28.  Rio Grande has  delivered  to  Purchaser  true,
correct and complete copies of the Senior Loan  Agreements,  as in effect on the
date  hereof  and as at the  Closing.  Except  as set forth in the  Senior  Loan
Agreements,  there are no contractual arrangements to which Rio Grande or any of
its  Subsidiaries  is a party or is bound that would  prohibit or  restrict  the
dividend payments on any series of Preferred Stock or the redemption, conversion
or issuance of any Preferred  Stock or Common Stock in accordance with the terms
of this Agreement  and/or the  Certificate of Designation or that would limit or
prevent any  Subsidiaries of Rio Grande from paying dividends or making advances
to its immediate  corporate parent. The Senior Loan Agreements are in full force
and effect and there does not exist any default thereunder and Rio Grande is not
aware of any presently existing facts or circumstances which with the passage of

                                      E-52





of time would result in a default under the Senior Loan Agreements.

          SECTION  III.1.29.  Holding  Company and  Investment  Company  Status.
Neither  Rio Grande nor any of its  Subsidiaries  is a "holding  company",  or a
"subsidiary  company" of a "holding  company",  or an  "affiliate" of a "holding
company",  or a "public  utility",  within the  meaning  of the  Public  Utility
Holding  Company  Act of 1935 or a "public  utility"  within the  meaning of the
Federal  Power  Act.  Neither  Rio  Grande  nor  any of its  Subsidiaries  is an
"investment company" or a company "controlled" by an "investment company" within
the meaning of the  Investment  Company Act of 1940 or an  "investment  adviser"
within the meaning of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

          SECTION III.1.30. Absence of Untrue Statements. Neither this Agreement
nor any Schedule or Exhibit,  nor any other  document,  certificate or statement
prepared by Rio Grande and  furnished  or to be  furnished  to  Purchaser by Rio
Grande in  connection  with the  transactions  contemplated  hereby,  taken as a
whole, contains or will contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omits
or will omit to state a material fact  necessary in order to make the statements
contained  herein and therein not  misleading.  There is no fact relating to the
condition (financial or otherwise),  properties,  assets, operations, results of
operations,  business  or  prospects  of Rio Grande  which could  reasonably  be
expected  to have a Material  Adverse  Effect  which has not been  disclosed  to
Purchaser.

          SECTION III.2. Representations and Warranties of Purchaser.  Purchaser
hereby represents and warrants to Rio Grande as of the date hereof and as of the
Closing Date as follows:

          SECTION III.2.1.  Purchase for Investment.  Purchaser is acquiring the
Purchased  Shares for investment and not with a present view to distributing all
or any part thereof in any  transaction  or series of  transactions  which would
constitute a "distribution" within the meaning of the Securities Act, subject at
all times to the right of such  Purchaser  to dispose of its property in its own
discretion subject to the provisions of Section 6.2. Purchaser acknowledges that
the  Purchased  Shares  have not  been  registered  under  the  Securities  Act.
Purchaser   agrees  that  Purchased   Shares  will  bear  a  legend  or  legends
substantially  to the effect of the legend or legends  set forth in Section  6.2
hereto.

          SECTION III.2.2. Investor Qualifications.  Purchaser is an "accredited
investor" as defined in Rule 501  promulgated by the Commission  pursuant to the
Securities Act.


                                      E-53





          SECTION III.2.3.  Due  Authorization.  Purchaser is a corporation duly
organized,  validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of
Kansas and has full  corporate  power and authority to enter into this Agreement
and to  perform  the  transactions  contemplated  herein.  This  Agreement,  the
Registration  Rights  Agreement,  the  Stockholders'  Agreement,  and  the  Swap
Agreement have been duly and validly executed and delivered by Purchaser (or the
respective affiliate of Purchaser made a party thereto) and each constitutes the
legal,   valid  and  binding   obligation  of  Purchaser  (or  such  affiliate),
enforceable in accordance with its terms,  except as such  enforceability may be
limited by applicable  bankruptcy,  insolvency,  moratorium,  reorganization  or
other laws  affecting  creditors'  rights  generally or by the  availability  of
equitable remedies.

         SECTION III.2.4.  Consents.  All consents,  approvals,  qualifications,
licenses,  orders  or  authorizations  of, or  filings  with,  any  governmental
authority required in connection with Purchaser's valid execution,  delivery and
performance  of this  Agreement  have been  obtained or made,  or will as of the
Closing Date have been obtained or made.

         SECTION III.2.5. No Violation.  The execution and delivery by Purchaser
of this  Agreement  and the  execution  and  delivery  by  Purchaser  and/or  an
affiliate of Purchaser of all other  agreements  and  instruments to be executed
and  delivered by  Purchaser  or such  affiliate  in  connection  herewith,  the
consummation  by Purchaser and any such affiliate of the  transactions  provided
for herein and therein and contemplated  hereby or thereby,  and the fulfillment
by  Purchaser or such  Affiliate  of the terms hereof and thereof,  will not (a)
conflict  with or result in a breach of any  provision  of  Purchaser's  or such
affiliate's  certificate of incorporation or by-laws or (b) result in a default,
give rise to any right of termination,  cancellation or acceleration, or require
any consent or approval, under any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any
note, bond, mortgage, loan agreement,  indenture,  license,  agreement, lease or
any other instrument or obligation to which Purchaser or Purchaser's  respective
affiliate is a party or by which it is bound.

         SECTION III.2.6.  Brokers and Finders. Neither Purchaser nor any Person
acting on behalf of such  Purchaser  has  retained  any finder,  broker,  agent,
financial  advisor or other  intermediary  in connection  with the  transactions
contemplated by this Agreement.





                                      E-54




                                   ARTICLE IV

                            CONDITIONS TO THE CLOSING

         SECTION IV.1. Conditions to Obligations of Purchaser. The obligation of
Purchaser  to  purchase  the  Purchased  Shares at the Closing is subject to the
fulfillment on or before the Closing of the following conditions:

         SECTION IV.1.1.  Representations and Warranties;  Performance.  (a) (i)
The representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1 shall be accurate as
of the Closing Date and (ii) since the Interim  Balance Sheet Date,  there shall
have been no Material  Adverse  Change;  and (b) Rio Grande shall have performed
all  obligations  and complied with all covenants and agreements  required to be
performed or to be complied  with by it under this  Agreement on or prior to the
Closing Date.

         SECTION IV.1.2. Stockholders' Agreement;  Employment Agreements. Robert
A. Buschman,  Guy Bob Buschman and Purchaser shall have executed a Stockholders'
Agreement  and  Purchaser  shall  have been  provided  copies of fully  executed
Employment  Agreements  between Rio Grande and each of Guy Bob Buschman and Gary
Scheele,  in each case such agreements being in form and substance  satisfactory
to Purchaser.

         SECTION  IV.1.3.  Consents.  Any  foreign,   federal,  state  or  local
governmental  authority or regulatory agency having jurisdiction,  to the extent
that its consent,  approval or other action is required for the  consummation of
the transactions  contemplated by this Agreement or the agreements  entered into
in connection  herewith,  shall have granted such required consents or approvals
and taken any other such required actions.

         SECTION  IV.1.4.  Proceedings  and  Documents.  As of the Closing,  all
corporate and other proceedings in connection with the transactions contemplated
hereby, and all documents and instruments incident to such transactions, and all
documents  to be  delivered  to  Purchaser  pursuant  to Section  2.4,  shall be
satisfactory  in form and  substance  to,  and  shall  have been  delivered  to,
Purchaser  and, as to legal  matters,  its  counsel,  and  Purchaser  shall have
received  at or  prior to the  Closing  any  other  documents  as it shall  have
reasonably requested.

         SECTION IV.1.5. Indebtedness; Acquisition. No default shall exist under
any of the Senior Loan Agreements and all conditions to the  consummation of the
Acquisition  (other  than the  payment of the  purchase  price)  shall have been
satisfied on the day of Closing.


                                      E-55





         SECTION IV.1.6. Qualifications.  As of the Closing, all authorizations,
approvals or permits of, or filings with, any governmental authority,  including
state  securities  or  "Blue  Sky"  authorities,  that  are  required  by law in
connection with the lawful sale and issuance of the Purchased  Shares shall have
been duly obtained by Rio Grande, and shall be effective as of the Closing.

         SECTION IV.1.7.  Authorization.  Purchaser shall have received approval
from its upper  management or board of  directors,  as the case may be, to close
the transactions contemplated hereunder.

         SECTION IV.2.  Conditions  Precedent to Obligations of Rio Grande.  The
obligation of Rio Grande to issue and sell the  Purchased  Shares at the Closing
is  subject  to the  fulfillment  on or  before  the  Closing  of the  following
condition:

         SECTION IV.2.1. Representations and Warranties. The representations and
warranties set forth in this Agreement made by Purchaser shall be accurate as of
the Closing Date as if made on the Closing Date.

         SECTION IV.2.2.  Senior Loan Agreements;  Acquisition.  The Senior Loan
Agreements  shall have been  modified  and amended in such  respects as shall in
form and  substance be  satisfactory  to Rio Grande,  and all  conditions to the
consummation of the Acquisition (other than payment of the purchase price) shall
have been satisfied on the date of Closing.


                                      E-56






                                    ARTICLE V

                                    COVENANTS

         Rio Grande hereby covenants and agrees with Purchaser as follows:

         SECTION V.1. Regular Reporting Information.  Rio Grande will furnish to
Purchaser by overnight  courier not later than five days following the filing by
Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries with the Commission, a copy of each report
on Form  8-K,  10-QSB  or  10-KSB  under the  Exchange  Act,  each  registration
statement filed pursuant to the Securities Act and each communication  delivered
to its stockholders as a class.

          SECTION V.2. Other Information.

         (a)  Promptly  after the  occurrence  thereof,  Rio Grande will (unless
Purchaser  specifically  otherwise  directs in writing) notify  Purchaser of the
existence and nature of a default under the Senior Loan Agreements and the steps
that it intends to take to cure such  default.  During the  pendency of any such
default,  Rio Grande shall provide to  Purchaser,  upon  Purchaser's  reasonable
request, with reports as to such default and/or its efforts to cure same.

         (b) Upon the reasonable  request of Purchaser,  Rio Grande will deliver
to Purchaser other  information and data, not proprietary in nature (in the good
faith  judgment  of Rio  Grande),  pertaining  to its  business,  financial  and
corporate  affairs to the extent  that such  delivery  will not violate any then
applicable  laws or any contracts of Rio Grande with third  persons.  Rio Grande
will permit any Person  designated  by Purchaser  in writing,  at the expense of
Purchaser,  to visit and inspect any of the properties of Rio Grande,  including
its books of account, and to discuss its affairs, finances and accounts with Rio
Grande's  officers or directors,  all at such  reasonable  times and as often as
Purchaser may reasonably request, all in a manner consistent with the reasonable
security  and  confidentiality  needs of Rio Grande,  provided,  that Rio Grande
shall be under no such obligation (i) with respect to information deemed in good
faith by Rio Grande to be proprietary or (ii) if Rio Grande's board of directors
reasonably   believes  such  visit,   inspection  or  discussion  would  violate
applicable  laws  or  any  contract  with  third  persons.  Notwithstanding  the
foregoing,  Purchaser  acknowledges  that  in  connection  with  its  review  of
information  and data  pertaining to Rio Grande it will be provided  information
that  has not  been  publicly  disclosed  and  may  constitute  material  inside
information within the meaning of applicable securities laws. Purchaser agrees

                                      E-57





to retain in confidence all such  information,  data,  reports,  compilations or
reviews,  to refrain from disclosing any of such  information to any third party
until and unless such information is otherwise publicly  disclosed,  to use such
information  solely and exclusively as permitted by law, and to permit no use of
such  information  that  would or  might be  detrimental  to Rio  Grande  from a
competitive standpoint or otherwise.

         (c) Business Plan. Not less than 30 days prior to the  commencement  of
each fiscal year, Rio Grande shall provide to Purchaser a business plan for such
fiscal year;  provided,  however,  the business  plan for the fiscal year ending
January 31, 1998 shall be provided to Purchaser  within  thirty days of Closing.
The business  plan shall be in form and  substance  reasonably  satisfactory  to
Purchaser  and shall in any event  cover  those  items  described  in Exhibit D.
Within 30 days after the end of each fiscal quarter, Rio Grande shall provide to
Purchaser  a  summary  comparing  the  business  plan  to  Rio  Grande's  actual
performance during such fiscal quarter.

         SECTION V.3. Rule 144 and Rule 144A  Information.  Rio Grande shall (i)
make and keep "current public  information"  "available" (as both such terms are
defined  in Rule 144  under  the  Securities  Act),  (ii)  timely  file with the
Commission, in accordance with all rules and regulations applicable thereto, all
reports and other  documents  (x) required of Rio Grande for Rule 144, as it may
be amended from time to time (or any rule,  regulation or statute replacing Rule
144), to be available to stockholders of Rio Grande and (y) required to be filed
under section 15(d) of the Exchange Act,  notwithstanding that Rio Grande's duty
to file such reports or documents may be suspended or otherwise terminated under
the express terms of such provision and (iii) upon request by Purchaser, furnish
to Purchaser a written  statement  by Rio Grande that it has  complied  with the
reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and Rule 144, together with a copy of
the most recent  annual or  quarterly  report of Rio Grande and such reports and
documents filed by Rio Grande with the Commission as may reasonably be requested
by Purchaser.  Rio Grande shall, upon Purchaser's request or upon the request of
a  prospective  buyer (a  "Prospective  Buyer")  of shares  of  Common  Stock or
Preferred  Stock,   deliver  to  Purchaser  and  such  Prospective   Buyer,  all
information  described in Section  (d)4(i) of Rule 144A under the Securities Act
(all of such information being "reasonably current" as described in such Section
(d)4(i)) if Rio Grande (x) is not subject to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange
Act, and (y) is not exempt from reporting  pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b)  under the
Exchange Act.

         SECTION  V.4.  Liability  Insurance.  Rio Grande will  maintain in full


                                      E-58





force  and  effect  a policy  or  policies  of  standard  comprehensive  general
liability  insurance  underwritten  by a financially  sound and  reputable  U.S.
insurance  company (as of the date the policy is secured)  insuring Rio Grande's
and its Subsidiaries' properties and business against such losses and risks, and
in such amounts, as are adequate for its business and as are customarily carried
by  entities  of similar  size  engaged in the same or  similar  business.  Such
policies shall include property loss insurance policies, with extended coverage,
sufficient in amount to allow the substantial replacement of any of its tangible
properties  which might be damaged or destroyed by the risks or perils  normally
covered  by such  policies.  Rio  Grande  shall,  upon the  written  request  of
Purchaser, purchase liability insurance covering the directors of Rio Grande.

         SECTION V.5. Dividend and Redemption Restrictions.  Except as otherwise
permitted  pursuant to the Certificate of  Designation,  so long as Purchaser is
the  holder  of  any  Preferred  Stock,  neither  Rio  Grande  nor  any  of  its
Subsidiaries  shall enter into any contract or agreement  except the Senior Loan
Agreements  as in  effect  on the  Closing  Date  which by its  terms  restricts
payments of  dividends  on, or  redemptions  or  conversions  of,  shares of Rio
Grande's  capital stock and/or,  in the case of the  Subsidiaries of Rio Grande,
restricts the making of advances to any Subsidiary of Rio Grande.

         SECTION V.6. Payment of Notes. Upon Closing, Rio Grande shall segregate
into a separate  bank account  funds  sufficient  to pay and discharge the 11.5%
Notes.  Rio Grande  shall,  as soon as reasonably  practical  after the Closing,
prepay the 11.5% Notes in accordance with the terms thereof.

         SECTION V.7.  Treatment of Preferred  Stock. Rio Grande shall treat all
distributions (other than payments in redemption of the Preferred Stock that are
not with respect to accrued but unpaid  dividends)  paid by it on the  Preferred
Stock as non-deductible dividends on all of its tax returns.

         SECTION  V.8.  Price Risk  Protection.  Except as  otherwise  agreed by
Purchaser,  so long as Purchaser  owns any  Preferred  Stock in Rio Grande,  Rio
Grande shall have price risk protection in place on Rio Grande's net oil and gas
production using a 6:1 gas/oil ratio.  This risk protection shall be in the form
of one or more swap, hedge, floor, collar or similar agreements with a reputable
institution  that has a S&P long term  unsecured debt rating of at least AA or a
Moody's long term  unsecured debt rating of Aa. Rio Grande shall have price risk
management  in place at closing  that will  extend  for at least 12 months.  Rio
Grande shall inform Purchaser (or its affiliate) when Rio Grande desires to

                                      E-59





enter into a commodity price risk management agreement and shall grant Purchaser
(or its  affiliate)  the right to match the terms of any proposal for  commodity
price risk  management  services.  For the purposes of this Section,  unless the
Senior Lenders consent  otherwise,  Rio Grande shall not put in place such price
risk  protection  in excess of the  following  amounts of barrels of oil (or its
equivalent)  per day or at a price less than the following:  (a) through October
31,  1997,  700 barrels of oil and $20.09;  (b) for the period  November 1, 1997
through  October 31,  1998,  600 barrels of oil and $20.66,  and (c) November 1,
1998 through October 31, 1999, 500 barrels of oil and $20.23.

          SECTION V.9. Negotiations Regarding Marketing Agreement.

         (a) Rio Grande will facilitate  negotiations  and  discussions  between
Purchaser (or affiliate of Purchaser) and Highland Energy Company with regard to
the prospective  purchase by Purchaser (or such  affiliate) of oil,  natural gas
and  related  hydrocarbons  (collectively,  "Products")  produced  from  mineral
properties  owned or leased by Rio Grande;  provided,  however,  any prospective
agreements  between Purchaser (or an affiliate of Purchaser),  Rio Grande and/or
Highland  relating  to the  sale  of  Products  to any  entity  affiliated  with
Purchaser  must be in form and  substance  satisfactory  to Rio  Grande  and its
Senior  Lenders and must  provide to Rio Grande  prices for its Product at least
equivalent  to the prices that could be  obtained in an arms length  transaction
with an unaffiliated third party.

         (b) Within thirty (30) days of Closing, Rio Grande shall enter into one
or more marketing agreements with Purchaser (or its affiliate) for the purchase,
sale and  transportation of all oil and gas products (i) produced by Rio Grande,
(ii) that is currently under contract with another party to become  effective at
such time when the existing contract expires, and (iii) subsequently acquired by
Rio Grande; provided, that such agreement shall be at arms-length, for a term of
not  less  than  five  years,  and  shall   incorporate   terms  and  conditions
satisfactory  to Purchaser,  Rio Grande and the Senior  Lenders.  Such marketing
agreement would  automatically be renewed on a year to year basis for so long as
Purchaser (or its affiliate) owns a majority of the Series B Preferred Stock (or
the  equivalent  of a majority of Series B  Preferred  Stock in the event of the
conversion  of such stock into Common Stock as provided  herein).  In respect to
such marketing agreements:

                  (i) Rio Grande  would grant to Koch the right to purchase  all
crude  oil/condensate  and/or  natural  gas owned or  controlled  by Rio  Grande
(whether Rio Grande's  owned/controlled  interest is by lease,  ownership or any
other device), wherever located in the United States;

                                      E-60





                  (ii) Koch  would have the right,  but not the  obligation,  to
purchase  said  crude  oil/condensate  and  natural  gas from Rio  Grande  on an
outright basis;

                  (iii) If Koch  exercises  this right in  association  with the
purchase of crude oil/condensate it would pay a price equal to the highest price
which Koch pays in the region where the crude/oil  condensate  is produced,  for
comparable term, location,  and quantities of crude oil. Any deviations in these
categories  will  trigger  adjustments  to the price  paid.  Prices  payable for
natural  gas and  associated  products  shall be based on the  prices Rio Grande
could receive under competitive marketing arrangements; and

                  (iv) the specific  details  regarding the associated crude oil
and natural gas  purchase and sale  transaction  will be the subject of separate
crude oil and natural gas  purchase  and sales  contracts  between  Koch and Rio
Grande.

         SECTION V.10. Financing Right.

         (a) Financing  Right of First Refusal.  Before  offering or selling any
New  Securities  to any third  party in a  transaction  principally  designed to
provide   additional  debt  or  equity  financing  for  Rio  Grande  and/or  its
subsidiaries,  Rio  Grande  shall  first  offer to sell such New  Securities  to
Purchaser. If Rio Grande intends to so issue New Securities,  it shall give each
Holder  written  notice of such  intention,  describing  the amount of funds Rio
Grande  wishes to raise,  the type of New  Securities  to be  issued,  the price
thereof  and the  general  terms upon which Rio Grande  proposes  to effect such
issuance.  Purchaser  shall have  fifteen  (15) days from the date when any such
notice is received to agree to purchase all or part of such New  Securities  for
the price and upon the general  terms and  conditions  specified in Rio Grande's
notice (or on such other terms as Rio Grande and Purchaser may agree upon during
such 15-day  period) by giving written notice to Rio Grande stating the quantity
of New Securities to be so purchased.

         If at the  end of such  15-day  period  (or  the end of the  additional
ten-day period provided for  overallotments) the Purchaser fails to exercise the
foregoing right of first refusal with respect to all of the New Securities being
offered  by Rio  Grande,  Rio  Grande  may within 120 days after the end of such
15-day  period sell such New  Securities  to a third party or parties at a price
and  upon  general  terms  no more  favorable  to the  purchasers  thereof  than
specified in the foregoing  notice given to Purchaser,  provided that Rio Grande
must first reoffer the New Securities to Purchaser pursuant to the preemptive

                                      E-61





right described in subparagraph  (b) below. In the event Rio Grande has not sold
such New Securities within such 120-day period,  Rio Grande shall not thereafter
issue or sell any New  Securities  without first offering such New Securities to
Purchaser in the manner provided above in this subparagraph (a).

         (b) Preemptive  Right.  This subparagraph (b) shall apply to any offers
by Rio Grande to issue or sell New  Securities  after Rio Grande first  complies
with  subparagraph  (a) above.  Rio Grande hereby grants to Purchaser a right of
first  refusal  to  purchase,  on a pro  rata  basis,  all  or any  part  of New
Securities (as defined  below) which Rio Grande may, from time to time,  propose
to sell and issue to third  parties,  subject  to the terms and  conditions  set
forth below. The Purchaser's pro rata share,  for purposes of this  subparagraph
(b) shall equal a fraction,  the  numerator  of which is the number of shares of
Common Stock then held by Purchaser  and/or issuable upon conversion or exercise
of any Preferred Stock, convertible securities, options, rights or warrants then
held by Purchaser, and the denominator of which is the total number of shares of
Common Stock then  outstanding  or issuable  upon  conversion or exercise of any
Preferred Stock, convertible securities, options, rights or warrants.

         If this  subparagraph  (b)  applies,  Rio Grande  shall give  Purchaser
written notice of its intention to issue or sell New Securities,  describing the
type of New  Securities  to be issued,  the price  thereof and the general terms
upon which Rio Grande  proposes to effect such  issuance.  Purchaser  shall have
seven (7)  business  days from the date of when any such  notice is  received to
agree to purchase all or part of its pro rata share of such New  Securities  for
the price and upon the general  terms and  conditions  specified in Rio Grande's
notice by giving  written  notice to Rio  Grande  stating  the  quantity  of New
Securities to be so purchased.

         If Purchaser  fails to exercise the  foregoing  right of first  refusal
with respect to any New  Securities  within such 7-day period (or the additional
seven-day period provided for overallotments), Rio Grande may within the balance
of the 120  days  set  forth  in  subparagraph  (a)  sell any or all of such New
Securities not agreed to be purchased by Purchaser,  at a price and upon general
terms no more favorable to the  purchasers  thereof than specified in the notice
given to Purchaser  pursuant to above. In the event Rio Grande has not sold such
New Securities within such 120-day period, Rio Grande shall not thereafter issue
or sell  any New  Securities  without  first  offering  such New  Securities  to
Purchaser in the manner provided in subparagraph (a) above.

         (c) Assignment;  Termination. This rights set forth in this Section 5.8
may not be assigned or  transferred,  except that such rights are  assignable by


                                      E-62





         Purchaser in whole or in part to any Permitted Assign. This Section 5.8
shall not apply to any New Securities  first offered by Rio Grande after January
15, 2002.

         SECTION V.11.  Negative  Covenants.  For so long as Purchaser owns more
than $2,500,000 in aggregate face amount of the issued and outstanding  Series A
Preferred  Stock and/or Series B Preferred Stock (except with regard to V.II(m),
which shall apply regardless of ownership), without the prior written consent of
Purchaser  (which consent may not be unreasonably  withheld),  Rio Grande hereby
agrees that it will not, and it will cause its Subsidiaries not to:

                           (a)  authorize  or issue shares of any class of stock
         having any preference or priority as to dividends or assets superior to
         or on a parity with any such  preference  or priority of the  Preferred
         Stock;

                           (b) permit the number of directors  constituting  the
         Board of Directors of Rio Grande to be less than six or more than nine;

                           (c)  reclassify any shares of any class of stock into
         shares  having any  preference  or priority as to  dividends  or assets
         superior to or on a parity with any such  preference or priority of the
         Preferred Stock;

                           (d)  engage in any  business  other  than  acquiring,
         producing, selling and developing oil and gas properties; and exploring
         for,  producing,  transporting,  marketing and selling oil, natural gas
         and related hydrocarbons;

                           (e) merge or consolidate  with any Person (other than
         mergers of  wholly-owned  Subsidiaries  with and into each other or Rio
         Grande),  or directly or indirectly sell, lease or otherwise dispose of
         assets  involving an aggregate  consideration  of more than ten percent
         (10%) of the book  value of its assets on a  consolidated  basis at the
         time of such sale, lease or disposition in any 12-month  period,  other
         than in the ordinary course of business;

                           (f)  repurchase or agree to repurchase  any shares of
         its Common  Stock or any  options,  warrants or other rights to acquire
         shares of its Common Stock except for the redemption of Preferred Stock
         in accordance  with the Charter and as permitted by the  Certificate of
         Designation, Section B.3(c)(v);

                           (g)     unless all dividends accrued on shares of the

                                      E-63





         Preferred  Stock shall have been declared and paid,  pay cash dividends
         or make any other  distribution  on, or  redeem,  any  shares of Common
         Stock;

                           (h) without  limiting  (g), pay dividends or make any
         other  distribution  on any shares of Common Stock at any time prior to
         January 15, 1999;

                           (i) enter into, or permit a Subsidiary to enter into,
         any new  agreement or make any  amendment  to any  existing  agreement,
         which by its terms  would  restrict  Rio  Grande's  performance  of its
         obligations to holders of Preferred Stock;

                           (j) after the Closing,  enter into any agreement with
         any  holder or  prospective  holder  of any  securities  of Rio  Grande
         providing  for the  granting  to such  holder of  registration  rights,
         preemptive   rights,   special  voting  rights  or  protection  against
         dilution;

                           (k) except as otherwise  provided in Schedule 5.9(k),
         incur any  indebtedness  for  borrowed  money or become a guarantor  or
         otherwise  contingently  liable  for any such  indebtedness  except for
         trade   payables,   purchase  money   obligations  or  other  unsecured
         indebtedness incurred in the ordinary course of business;

                           (l) incur any additional indebtedness if Rio Grande's
         total indebtedness exceeds or if the additional debt will result in the
         total  indebtedness  by Rio Grande  exceeding 65% of the present value,
         using a 12%  discount  factor  ("PV12"),  of the  Proved  Reserves  (as
         defined  below)  net  to Rio  Grande's  interest.  The  PV12  shall  be
         determined  by using  reserve  projections  provided by an  independent
         engineering  firm or firms as  mutually  agreed  upon by Rio Grande and
         Purchaser.  Proved Reserves will be determined by utilizing 100% of the
         proved developed producing reserve profile, 75% of the proved developed
         not producing reserve profile and 50% of the proved undeveloped reserve
         profile.  The operating  costs used in the appraisal  shall be based on
         the prior twelve (12) months average lease operating costs disregarding
         the lowest and highest  cost  months in such twelve (12) month  period.
         The oil and gas prices shall be based on the then current futures price
         strip less any pertinent  adjustments  for basis  differential  and any
         other associated burdens.  Capital  expenditures that are necessary for
         development of such reserves shall be included. Purchaser may request a
         redetermination  of the value of Rio  Grande's  reserves  if the Senior
         Lenders have not required a redetermination  within 120 days of request
         and if in Purchaser's reasonable assessment, the total debt of Rio

                                      E-64





         Grande has exceeded 65% of the PV12 value for more than 90  consecutive
         days;

                           (m) directly or  indirectly  use or permit to be used
         the  "Koch"  name  (or the  name  of  Purchaser  or any of  Purchaser's
         affiliates) in any public announcements,  press releases,  filings with
         any governmental authority (including, without limitation, filings made
         pursuant to the Securities Act or the Exchange Act or other information
         provided to the Commission  whether or not deemed  "filed"  pursuant to
         the  Securities  Act or the Exchange  Act),  marketing  or  advertising
         materials  or  otherwise,  except as  required by law in the good faith
         judgment of Rio Grande;

                           (n)  reduce  the  percentage  of shares of  Preferred
         Stock  required  to  consent to any of the above  matters,  or alter or
         negate the need for such consent; or

                           (o) grant or issue at an exercise price less than the
         Conversion  Price (as defined in the  Certificate of  Designation)  any
         rights,  options, or warrants to directly or indirectly  subscribe for,
         purchase, or otherwise acquire shares of Common Stock, or any evidences
         of indebtedness,  shares,  or other  securities  directly or indirectly
         convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock, that would
         constitute  upon  issuance   Adjustment   Shares  pursuant  to  Section
         B.5(a)(i) of the Certificate of Designation.



                                      E-65





                                   ARTICLE VI

                             OPTION SHARES; TRANSFER

         SECTION VI.1. Option to Purchase.  For purposes of this Agreement,  the
shares of Series A Preferred  Stock to be issued pursuant to Section 2.2 of this
Agreement as Purchased Shares are referred to as the "Initially  Issued Series A
Preferred  Stock." Rio Grande hereby grants to Purchaser the right and option to
purchase an additional four-tenths (0.40) of one (1) share of Series A Preferred
Stock for each one (1) share of Initially  Issued Series A Preferred  Stock then
held by Purchaser or such  subsequent  holder;  provided,  however,  this option
shall expire and be of no further  force and effect upon  redemption  in full of
the Initially Issued Series A Preferred Stock. The exercise price shall be $4.00
for each  four-tenths  (0.40) of one (1) share of  Series A  Preferred  Stock so
purchased  (or  $10.00  for each  whole  share of  Series A  Preferred  Stock so
purchased), meaning that if such option is exercised in full with respect to all
500,000 shares of Initially Issued Series A Preferred  Stock,  would be entitled
to purchase 200,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock for an aggregate exercise
price of $2,000,000.  The foregoing  option may be exercised by Purchaser at any
time on or after January 16, 1999 but on or before January 16, 2000 (the "Option
Period").  The option may be  exercised in whole or in part and may be exercised
at any time and from time to time during the Option Period.

         To exercise this option,  Purchaser shall deliver to Rio Grande (i) the
certificate  or  certificates  for the shares of the  Initially  Issued Series A
Preferred  Stock as to which the option to  purchase  is being  exercised,  (ii)
written  notice stating that the Purchaser is electing to exercise its option to
purchase  with  respect to all or any number of the shares of  Initially  Issued
Series A  Preferred  Stock  represented  by such  certificate  or  certificates,
specifying the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be purchased as a
result of such exercise and specifying  Purchaser's or such holder's name or the
names of the nominees in which Purchaser  wishes the certificate or certificates
of Series A  Preferred  Stock to be issued and (iii) a  certified  or  cashier's
check payable to the order of Rio Grande in the amount of the purchase  price of
the shares being purchased pursuant to the exercise of such option. Upon receipt
of such notice,  certificate and purchase price, Rio Grande shall promptly issue
the  additional  purchased  shares and reissue  the  Initially  Issued  Series A
Preferred Stock  evidenced by the certificate so delivered,  in each case in the
names  specified in the notice.  Once the option has been exercised with respect
to a share of Initially  Issued Series A Preferred  Stock,  the foregoing option
shall terminate as to that share of Initially Issued Series A Preferred Stock

                                      E-66





but not as to any other share of Initially Issued Series A Preferred Stock as to
which the option to purchase had never been exercised.

         SECTION VI.2. Restrictive Legends. (a) Except as otherwise permitted by
this Section 6.2, each  certificate  representing  Preferred Stock  constituting
"restricted  securities"  as  defined  in Rule  144  under  the  Securities  Act
("Restricted  Securities")  shall bear a legend  substantially in the form shown
below:

         "THE  SHARES  REPRESENTED  HEREBY  HAVE NOT BEEN  REGISTERED  UNDER THE
         SECURITIES  ACT OF 1933,  AS AMENDED,  OR THE LAWS OF ANY STATE AND MAY
         NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED, OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS AND
         UNTIL  REGISTERED  UNDER SUCH ACT OR LAWS,  OR UNLESS THE  COMPANY  HAS
         RECEIVED AN OPINION OF COUNSEL OR OTHER  EVIDENCE,  SATISFACTORY TO THE
         COMPANY AND ITS COUNSEL, THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED."

         (b) In  addition  to the  legend  set  forth in  Section  6.2(a),  each
certificate   representing   Series  B  Preferred  Stock  shall  bear  a  legend
substantially in the form shown below:

         "THE SALE OR TRANSFER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE
         IS  SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND  CONDITIONS  OF A CERTAIN  CERTIFICATE  OF
         DESIGNATION, RIGHTS AND PREFERENCES OF THE CORPORATION, WHICH PROHIBITS
         THE  TRANSFER  OF  THIS  CERTIFICATE  INDEPENDENTLY  AND  APART  FROM A
         CERTIFICATE  REPRESENTING  SHARES OF  SERIES C  PREFERRED  STOCK,  SUCH
         CERTIFICATE  MAY BE OBTAINED  UPON WRITTEN  REQUEST TO THE SECRETARY OF
         THE CORPORATION."

         (c) In  addition  to the  legend  set  forth in  Section  6.2(a),  each
certificate   representing   Series  C  Preferred  Stock  shall  bear  a  legend
substantially in the form shown below:

         "THE SALE OR TRANSFER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE
         IS  SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND  CONDITIONS  OF A CERTAIN  CERTIFICATE  OF
         DESIGNATION, RIGHTS AND PREFERENCES OF THE CORPORATION, WHICH PROHIBITS
         THE  TRANSFER  OF  THIS  CERTIFICATE  INDEPENDENTLY  AND  APART  FROM A
         CERTIFICATE  REPRESENTING  SHARES OF  SERIES B  PREFERRED  STOCK,  SUCH
         CERTIFICATE  MAY BE OBTAINED  UPON WRITTEN  REQUEST TO THE SECRETARY OF
         THE CORPORATION."

         SECTION VI.2.1. Notice of Proposed Transfer; Opinions of Counsel.

         Prior  to any  transfer  of any  Restricted  Securities  which  are not

                                      E-67





registered under an effective  registration  statement under the Securities Act,
the holder  thereof  will give  written  notice to Rio  Grande of such  holder's
intention to effect such transfer, describing in reasonable detail the manner of
the proposed transfer.  If any such holder delivers to Rio Grande (i) an opinion
of counsel  reasonably  acceptable  to Rio Grande and its  counsel to the effect
that  the  proposed  transfer  may be  effected  without  registration  of  such
Restricted  Securities under the Securities Act and applicable blue sky laws and
(ii) such  other  documents,  certificates  or  information  pertaining  to such
transfer as Rio Grande may  reasonably  request,  Rio Grande  agrees to transfer
such Restricted  Securities to the proposed transferee;  provided,  however, the
newly issued  certificate will contain a legend  substantially in the form shown
in Section VI.2, above.

         SECTION VI.2.2.  Issuance of Certificates  Without Legend. Upon receipt
of evidence satisfactory to Rio Grande confirming that some or all of the shares
of  Preferred  Stock or common  stock  issued  upon  conversion  of the Series B
Preferred Stock are no longer Restricted Securities, Rio Grande shall reissue or
shall  authorize its transfer agent to reissue  certificates  representing  such
shares without the restrictive  legend  provided for in Section VI.2 hereof.  In
connection  with any such  request  for  reissuance,  Rio Grande may  require an
opinion of counsel,  satisfactory to Rio Grande in form and substance,  that the
shares in question are no longer Restricted Securities.


                                   ARTICLE VII

                                  MISCELLANEOUS

         SECTION VII.1. Written Waivers. Any waiver, permit, consent or approval
of any  kind  or  character  on the  part  of any  party  of any  provisions  or
conditions of this Agreement must be made in writing and shall be effective only
to the extent specifically set forth in such writing.

         SECTION VII.2. Indemnification.

         SECTION VII.2.1 By Rio Grande. Rio Grande hereby indemnifies and agrees
to defend and hold Purchaser  harmless  from,  against and in respect of any and
all claims, demands, losses, costs, expenses, obligations, liabilities, damages,
recoveries and deficiencies,  including interest, penalties and attorneys' fees,
that such Purchaser shall incur or suffer,  which arise,  result from, or relate
to the breach or failure of performance by Rio Grande,  or the falsity of any of
the representations or warranties, covenants or agreements in this Agreement or

                                      E-68





the  Registration  Rights  Agreement,  or in any certificate or other instrument
furnished  or to be  furnished  by Rio  Grande or any  Subsidiary  hereunder  or
thereunder.

         SECTION VII.2.2 By Purchaser.  Purchaser hereby  indemnifies and agrees
to defend and hold Rio Grande  harmless from,  against and in respect of any and
all claims, demands, losses, costs, expenses, obligations, liabilities, damages,
recoveries and deficiencies,  including interest, penalties and attorneys' fees,
that Rio Grande shall incur or suffer,  which arise,  result from,  or relate to
the breach or failure of performance by Purchaser,  or the falsity of any of the
representations or warranties,  covenants or agreements in this Agreement or the
Registration  Rights  Agreement,  or in  any  certificate  or  other  instrument
furnished  or to be  furnished  by  Purchaser  or any  Subsidiary  hereunder  or
thereunder.

         SECTION VII.3.  Successors and Assigns.  This Agreement is binding upon
Rio Grande and Purchaser and inures to the benefit of Rio Grande,  Purchaser and
their respective successors and Permitted Assigns.

         SECTION VII.4. Severability.  Whenever possible, each provision of this
Agreement  will be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under
applicable  law, but if any provision of this Agreement is held to be prohibited
by or invalid under  applicable law, such provision will be ineffective  only to
the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder
of this Agreement.

         SECTION VII.5.  Descriptive Headings.  The descriptive headings of this
Agreement are inserted for convenience of reference only and do not constitute a
part of this Agreement.

         SECTION VII.6.  Notices.  Any notices required or permitted to be given
hereunder shall be delivered  personally,  sent by overnight  courier or mailed,
registered  or  certified  mail,  return  receipt  requested,  to the  following
addresses,  and shall be deemed to have  been  received  on the day of  personal
delivery,  one  Business Day after  deposit  with an overnight  courier or three
business days after deposit in the mail:

                                      E-69






         If to Purchaser, to:      Koch Exploration Company
                                   4111 E. 37th Street North
                                   Wichita, Kansas 67220
                                   Attention: Vice President

         If to Rio  Grande,  to:   Rio  Grande,  Inc.
                                   10101  Reunion  Place Union Square
                                   Suite 210
                                   San  Antonio,  Texas  78216
                                   Attention:  President  and Chief
                                   Executive Officer

or to such other  address as any party may specify in a written  notice given to
the other parties hereto.

         SECTION VII.7. Governing Law. The corporate law of Delaware will govern
all issues  concerning the relative  rights of holders of the Preferred Stock as
such.   All  other   questions   concerning  the   construction,   validity  and
interpretation  of this  Agreement  and the  Exhibits  and  Schedules  shall  be
governed by the  internal  law,  and not the law of  conflicts  of, the State of
Texas, and the performance of the obligations  imposed by this Agreement,  shall
be governed by the laws of the State of Texas  applicable to contracts  made and
wholly to be performed in that state.

         SECTION VII.8.  Exhibits and Schedules.  All Exhibits and Schedules are
an integral part of this Agreement.

         SECTION VII.9.  Final  Agreement.  This Agreement,  together with those
documents  expressly  referred  to  herein  including  the  Registration  Rights
Agreement,  constitute the final agreement of the parties concerning the matters
referred to herein, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings  with
respect to such matters.

         SECTION  VII.10.  Execution  in  Counterparts.  This  Agreement  may be
executed  in any  number of  counterparts,  each of which when so  executed  and
delivered  shall be deemed an original,  and such  counterparts  together  shall
constitute  one  instrument.  A  photographic,  photostatic,  facsimile or other
similar  reproduction  of a writing  signed by a party  shall be  regarded as an
executed  original.  Delivery  of  counterparts  by  facsimile  shall be  deemed
delivery of the original by a party.

         SECTION VII.11.  Further Assurances.  Upon reasonable request of either
party,  the other  party  hereto  will on and after the  Closing  Date take such
reasonable  actions  as may be  required  to  carry  out  the  purposes  of this

                                      E-70





Agreement,  the terms of the  Certificate  of Designation  and the  Registration
Rights Agreement.

         SECTION  VII.12.  Remedies  Cumulative.  The remedies  provided in this
Agreement  shall be cumulative  and shall not preclude the assertion or exercise
of any other rights or remedies available by law, in equity or otherwise.

         SECTION  VII.13.  Effect of  Investigation.  Any due diligence  review,
audit or other  investigation or inquiry undertaken or performed by or on behalf
of  Purchaser  shall not limit,  qualify,  modify or amend the  representations,
warranties  or covenants  of, or  indemnities  by Rio Grande made or  undertaken
pursuant  to this  Agreement,  irrespective  of the  knowledge  and  information
received (or which should have been received therefrom) by Purchaser;  provided,
however,  if Purchaser or any  representative  thereof becomes aware of facts or
circumstances  constituting  an actual or an  alleged  breach  or  falsity  of a
representation,  warranty  or  covenant  of Rio  Grande  prior to  Closing,  and
notwithstanding its knowledge of such facts or circumstances, Purchaser acquires
the Purchased  Shares as set forth herein,  Purchaser may not thereafter  assert
such  alleged  breach or falsity as a grounds  for  relief  pursuant  to Section
VII.2.1 of this Agreement or otherwise.

         SECTION VII.14. Survival and Renewal of Representations and Warranties.
The  representations,  warranties,  indemnities  and  covenants  of  Rio  Grande
contained herein shall survive the Closing.  The  representations and warranties
of Rio  Grande  contained  herein  shall be made on the date  hereof  and deemed
remade on and as of the Closing Date.

         SECTION VII.15. Fees and Expenses.  Rio Grande will bear all of its own
expenses in connection with the  preparation,  execution and negotiation of this
Agreement  and  the  Registration   Rights   Agreement,   and  the  transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby. If Purchaser does not close the purchase of the
Purchased Shares as a result of a breach of representation, warranty or covenant
by Rio Grande, Rio Grande shall pay to Purchaser the sum of $100,000 in same day
or immediately available funds.

         SECTION  VII.16.  Interpretation.  In this  Agreement,  unless  a clear
contrary intention appears:

         (a) the singular number includes the plural number and vice versa;

         (b)  reference to any Person  includes  such  Person's  successors  and
assigns but, if applicable, only if such successors and assigns are permitted by

                                      E-71





this Agreement, and reference to a Person in a particular capacity excludes such
Person in any other capacity or individually;

         (c)      reference to any gender includes each other gender;

         (d)  reference  to any  agreement  (including  this  Agreement  and the
Schedules and Exhibits),  document or instrument means such agreement,  document
or  instrument  as  amended  or  modified  and in  effect  from  time to time in
accordance  with the terms  thereof  and, if  applicable,  the terms  hereof and
reference  to any  promissory  note  includes  any  promissory  note which is an
extension or renewal thereof or a substitute or replacement therefor;

         (e)  reference  to any  applicable  law means  such  applicable  law as
amended, modified,  codified, replaced or reenacted, in whole or in part, and in
effect from time to time, including rules and regulations promulgated thereunder
and reference to any section or other provision of any applicable law means that
provision of such  applicable  law from time to time in effect and  constituting
the   substantive   amendment,   modification,   codification,   replacement  or
reenactment of such section or other provision;

         (f) reference to any Article,  Section,  Schedule or Exhibit means such
Article or Section hereof or Schedule or Exhibit hereto;

         (g) "hereunder",  "hereof",  "hereto" and words of similar import shall
be deemed  references  to this  Agreement  as a whole and not to any  particular
Article, Section or other provision hereof; and

         (h)  "including"  (and  with  correlative   meaning   "include")  means
including  without  limiting the  generality of any  description  preceding such
term.

                                  ARTICLE VIII

                                   TERMINATION

         SECTION  VIII.1.  Termination.  This Agreement may be terminated at any
time prior to the Closing:

                           (a)  by mutual consent of Purchaser and Rio Grande;

                           (b) by either Rio Grande or  Purchaser if the Closing
         shall not have occurred by January 17, 1997,  provided that the failure
         to consummate the transactions  contemplated  hereby is not a result of
         the failure by the party so electing to  terminate  this  Agreement  to
         perform any of its obligations hereunder.

                                      E-72





         SECTION VIII.2.  Effect of  Termination.  Except for the obligations of
Section 7.15 hereof,  if this Agreement shall be terminated  pursuant to Section
8.1, all obligations, representations and warranties of the parties hereto under
the  Agreement  shall  terminate and there shall be no liability of any party to
another party.

         The parties  hereto have executed  this  Agreement as of the date first
set forth above.

                                              Rio Grande, Inc.



                                              By:
                                              Its:


                            Koch Exploration Company


                                               By:
                                               Its:


                                      E-73





                                    SCHEDULES

1.1               Definitions
1-A               Publicly Filed Documents
3.1.2(a)          Capital Stock
3.1.2(b)          5% Owners of Securities
3.1.2(d)          Registration Rights
3.1.2(e)          Voting Agreements
3.1.5                      Subsidiaries and Investments
3.1.10            -        Leases and Agreements
3.1.12                     Insurance
3.1.15            -        No Adverse Change Exceptions
3.1.20            -        Employee Matters
3.1.25            -        Environmental Matters
3.1.26            -        Fees and Commissions
3.1.28            -        Senior Loan Agreements
5.9(k)                     Permitted Indebtedness

EXHIBITS

A                 -        Certificate of Designation
B                 -        Opinion of Counsel - Cox & Smith
C                 -        Form of Registration Rights Agreement
D                 -        Business Plan





                                      E-74





                                  Schedule 1.1

                                  Defined Terms


              "Acquisition"  - means the  acquisition  and related  transactions
contemplated by the Acquisition Agreement.

              "Acquisition  Agreement" - means the  Purchase and Sale  Agreement
dated November 20,, 1996 by and between Rio Grande  Offshore,  Ltd. and Brechtel
Energy Corporation.

              "Agreement" - has the meaning assigned to it in the Preamble.

              "Audit Date" - means January 31, 1996.

              "Business  Day" - means any day other than  Saturday,  Sunday or a
day on which  national banks located in the State of Kansas are authorized to be
closed for business.

              "By-laws"  - means the  by-laws  of Rio Grande as in effect on the
Closing Date and certified pursuant to Section 2.4.

              "CERCLA"  -  means  the  Comprehensive   Environmental   Response,
Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended.

              "CERCLIS"  -  means  the  Comprehensive   Environmental   Response
Compensation Liability Information System List.

              "Certificate   of   Designation"   -  means  the   Certificate  of
Designation,  Preferences and Rights in the form of Exhibit A to be filed by Rio
Grande  with the  Secretary  of State for the State of Delaware on or before the
Closing Date.

              "Charter" - means the certificate of incorporation  and amendments
thereto (including the Certificate of Designation) of Rio Grande as in effect on
the  Closing  Date and  filed  with the  Secretary  of  State  for the  State of
Delaware.

              "Closing" - means the closing of the transactions  contemplated by
this Agreement.





                                      E-75





              "Closing  Date" - means the date  specified  in  Section  2.3 upon
which the Closing shall occur.

              "Code"      - means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

              "Commission" - means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

              "Common  Stock" - means the  common  capital  stock of Rio  Grande
described in Section 3.1.2.

              "11.5%  Notes"  - means  the  indebtedness  of Rio  Grande  to the
holders of the 11.5% Notes issued pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement, dated
September 27, 1995,  by and among Rio Grande,  Rio Grande  Drilling  Company and
various purchasers,  as amended, said Note Purchase Agreement, as amended, being
filed as exhibits to the Publicly Filed Documents.

              "Environmental Laws" means all applicable federal,  state or local
statutes, laws, ordinances,  codes, rules, and regulations in effect at the time
in  question  (including  consent  decrees  involving  Rio  Grande or any of its
Subsidiaries and administrative orders) relating to public health and safety and
protection of the environment.

              "ERISA" - means the  Employee  Retirement  Income  Security Act of
1974, as amended.

              "Exchange  Act" - means the  Securities  Exchange Act of 1934,  as
amended.

              "GAAP"  -  means   generally   accepted   accounting   principles,
consistently applied, as in effect from time to time.

              "Hazardous Material" means

              (a) any "hazardous substance", as defined by CERCLA;

              (b) any "hazardous waste", as defined by the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act, as amended;

              (c) any petroleum product;  or

              (d) any pollutant or contaminant or hazardous,  dangerous or toxic
chemical, material or substance not mentioned above which is regulated under any
Environmental Law.




                                      E-76






         "Holder" - means Purchaser or any Permitted Assign which hereafter owns
shares of Preferred  Stock or Common Stock issued upon  conversion  of Preferred
Stock.

         "Interim Balance Sheet Date" - means October 31, 1996.

         "Material or  "material" - means,  when used in a definition or used to
qualify information to be covered by a representation or warranty by Rio Grande,
a matter that would be "material" within the meaning of Rule 405 of Regulation C
as promulgated by the Commission.

         "Material  Adverse Change" means a change(s) as of a specified date, in
the business, assets, liabilities, results of operation, condition (financial or
otherwise) or prospects of Rio Grande or its Subsidiaries  that would reasonably
be considered,  singly or in the aggregate, material and adverse with respect to
Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

         "Material  Adverse  Effect" or  "Materially  Adverse  Effect"  means an
event,  condition,  circumstance  or  arrangement  that could,  singly or in the
aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the business, assets,  liabilities,
results of  operation,  condition  (financial  or otherwise) or prospects of Rio
Grande and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

         "New Securities" - means any capital stock of Rio Grande whether now or
hereafter authorized and rights,  options or warrants to purchase capital stock,
and securities of any type whatsoever which are, or may become, convertible into
capital  stock;  provided,  however,  that the term  "New  Securities"  does not
include (i) the Preferred Stock issuable under this Agreement or pursuant to the
Certificate  of  Designation  or  the  shares  of  Common  Stock  issuable  upon
conversion of Preferred Stock; (ii) securities offered to the public pursuant to
a registered public offering; (iii) securities issued as all or a portion of the
consideration  for  or  in  connection  with  the  acquisition  of  (a)  mineral
properties; (b) another corporation or business entity by merger, combination or
otherwise,  or the purchase of substantially  all the assets of such corporation
or other  reorganization  resulting  in the  ownership by Rio Grande of not less
than 51% of the voting power of such  corporation or business  entity;  (iv) not
more than  300,000  shares of Common  Stock or rights to  acquire  Common  Stock
issued to  employees  or  consultants  of Rio Grande  pursuant to a stock option
plan, employee stock purchase plan, restricted stock plan or other employee




                                      E-77





stock plan or  agreement;  (v) Common Stock issued upon exercise of the warrants
initially  issued by Rio  Grande to the  holders  of the  11.5%  Notes;  or (vi)
securities   issued  as  a  result  of  any  stock  split,   stock  dividend  or
reclassification  of  Common  Stock,  distributable  on a pro rata  basis to all
holders of Common Stock.

         "Option  Shares" - means the 200,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock
to which  holders  of Series A  Preferred  Stock are  entitled  to  purchase  in
accordance  with and  subject to the terms and  conditions  set forth in Section
6.1.

         "Permitted Assign" - means any wholly owned Subsidiary or parent of, or
any Person  that is,  within the  meaning of the  Securities  Act,  controlling,
controlled by or under common control with, Purchaser.

         "Person"   -  means  a  natural   person,   partnership,   corporation,
association,   joint  stock  company,  trust,  joint  venture,  unincor  porated
organization or other entity, or a governmental entity or any department, agency
or political subdivision thereof.

         "Plans" means all  arrangements  pursuant to which Rio Grande or any of
its  Subsidiaries  is a party, in which it participates in or as to which it has
any liability or contingent  liability that are (a) "employee benefit plans" (as
that term is defined in section  3(3) of ERISA) or (b)  retirement  or  deferred
compensation  plans,  incentive  compensation  plans, stock plans,  unemployment
compensation plans,  vacation pay, severance pay, bonus or benefit  arrangement,
insurance or  hospitalization  program or any other fringe benefit  arrangements
for any  current or former  employee,  director,  consultant  or agent,  whether
pursuant to contract, arrangement,  custom or informal understanding,  which are
not employee benefit plans.

              "Preferred Stock" means the Series A Preferred Stock, the Series B
Preferred Stock and the Series C Preferred Stock.

         "Preferred  Stock  Memorandum"  means the Preferred  Stock  Memorandum,
dated  October  1996  (Reid  Securities   Corporation)   provided  to  Purchaser
pertaining to Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries.

         "Pro Forma Balance  Sheet" - means the pro forma balance sheet referred
to in Section 3.1.8.

         "Pro  Forma  Financial  Statements"  - means the  financial  statements
referred to in Section 3.1.8.




                                      E-78





         "Projections"  - means  the  projected  balance  sheets  and  financial
statements referred to in Section 3.1.8.

         "Proprietary  Rights" - means all  patents,  patent  registrations  and
applications therefor,  know-how, formulae,  inventions,  invention disclosures,
improvements,  trademarks,  trademark  registrations and applications  therefor,
trade  names,   service  marks,  service  mark  registrations  and  applications
therefor,  copyrights,  copyright  registrations  and applications  therefor and
technical  information  owned by Rio Grande and its  Subsidiaries  or used in or
necessary to the business of Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries.

         "Publicly  Filed  Documents" - means the  documents  listed on Schedule
1-A.

         "Purchase Price" - means $10,000,000.

         "Purchased Shares" - is defined in Section 2.2.

         "Registration   Rights  Agreement"  -  means  the  Registration  Rights
Agreement  to  be  entered   into  by  Purchaser   and  Rio  Grande  at  Closing
substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C.

         "Reid  Engagement"  -  means  the  engagement  by Rio  Grande  of  Reid
Securities  Corporation  to assist with the private  placement of debt or equity
securities  pursuant to which  certain fees and  expenses  are payable,  as more
fully  described  in the  Engagement  Letter  dated  August 28, 1996 between Rio
Grande and Reid Securities
Corporation.

         "Release" means a "release", as such term is defined in CERCLA.

         "Resource   Conservation   and   Recovery   Act"  means  the   Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act, 42 U.S.C. Section 690, et seq., as in effect from
time to time.

         "Rio Grande Audited Balance Sheet" - means the audited balance sheet of
Rio  Grande  and its  Subsidiaries  as of the  Audit  Date  as  filed  with  the
Commission on Form 10-KSB.

         "Rio Grande Audited Financial Statements" - means the audited financial
statements for Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries referred to in Section 3.1.6(a).






                                      E-79





         "Rio Grande  Unaudited  Balance  Sheet" - means the  unaudited  balance
sheet of Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries referred to in Section 3.1.6(b).

         "Rio  Grande  Unaudited  Financial  Statements"  - means the  unaudited
financial  statements of Rio Grande and its Subsidiaries  referred to in Section
3.1.6.

         "Securities Act" - means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

         "Senior  Lenders" - means the lenders  (whether  one or more) under the
Senior Loan Agreements.

         "Senior  Loan  Agreements"  - means the  agreements  listed on Schedule
3.1.28 as in effect on the Closing Date.

         "Series A Preferred  Stock" - means the Series A Preferred  Stock to be
established by the Certificate of Designation.

         "Series B Preferred  Stock" - means the Series B Preferred  Stock to be
established by the Certificate of Designation.

         "Series C Preferred  Stock" - means the Series C Preferred  Stock to be
established by the Certificate of Designation.

         "Subsidiary"  - means,  with  respect to a Person,  any other Person of
which  securities  or other  ownership  interest  representing  more than  fifty
percent  (50%) of the  ordinary  voting  power  (including  limited  partnership
interests) are, at the time as of which any  determination  is being made, owned
or controlled by such Person or one or more  Subsidiaries of such Person or such
Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person.





                                      E-80





                                  Schedule 1-A

         Publicly Filed Documents

Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended January 31, 1996,  together with the Proxy
Statement attached thereto

Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended July 31, 1996

Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended October 31, 1996]







                                      E-81





                                    Exhibit A

           Form of Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights

                                    [to come]






                                      E-82








                                    Exhibit B

                      Items to be Covered by Legal Opinion

         Capitalized  terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings
ascribed to such terms in the Stock Purchase Agreement.

         1. Rio Grande and each of its  Subsidiaries is a corporation or limited
partnership  (as the case may be) duly organized,  validly  existing and in good
standing under the laws of the  jurisdiction of its  incorporation or formation,
and  is  duly  qualified  to do  business  and in  good  standing  as a  foreign
corporation or formation in the following  jurisdictions  [list]. Rio Grande and
each of its Subsidiaries has full power and authority to own its properties,  to
carry on its  business  and to hold under  lease the  properties  it holds under
lease.  Rio  Grande has full  corporate  power and  authority  to enter into the
Agreement and the Registration  Rights Agreement and to perform the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby.

         2. The  authorized  capital stock of Rio Grande  consists of 12,000,000
shares of common stock $.01 par value, (the "Common Stock") and 3,000,000 shares
of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share, consisting of the following:

                           (i) 700,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock,  none
         of are issued or  outstanding  except for the 500,000  shares issued to
         Purchaser at Closing;

                           (ii) 500,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, none
         of which are issued or outstanding except for the 500,000 shares issued
         to Purchaser at Closing;

                           (iii)  500,000  shares of Series C  Preferred  Stock,
         none of which shall be issued or outstanding; and

                           (iv) 1,300,000  shares of other preferred  stock, the
         rights and  preferences  of which  having not been  established  to Rio
         Grande's Board of directors and none of which shares shall be issued or
         outstanding.





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                  3. All  corporate  action  on the part of Rio  Grande  and its
         directors and stockholders necessary for the authorization,  execution,
         delivery  and   performance  by  Rio  Grande  of  the  Agreement,   the
         Registration  Rights  Agreement  and  the  Acquisition  Agreement  (and
         related agreements) to which Rio Grande is a party, as the case may be,
         and  the   consummation  of  the  transactions   contemplated   thereby
         (including the Acquisition),  and for the  authorization,  issuance and
         delivery of the Preferred  Stock and Purchased  Shares have been taken.
         Each  of the  Agreement,  the  Registration  Rights  Agreement  and the
         Acquisition  Agreement (and each of its related agreements) is a legal,
         valid and binding  obligation  of Rio Grande,  enforceable  against Rio
         Grande in accordance  with its terms,  except as limited by bankruptcy,
         insolvency or other laws affecting  creditors'  rights  generally or by
         the general equitable principles.

                  4. The Purchased  Shares,  when issued,  sold and delivered in
         accordance with the terms of the Agreement,  and the Series C Preferred
         Stock  when  issued  and  delivered  pursuant  to  the  Certificate  of
         Designation,  and the Option Shares when issued,  sold and delivered in
         accordance  with the terms of the  Agreement,  will be duly and validly
         issued,  fully  paid,  non-assessable  and free and clear of all liens,
         charges,  claims and encumbrances.  The shares of Common Stock issuable
         upon the conversion of Series B Preferred  Stock and Series C Preferred
         Stock have been duly  reserved  for  issuance  upon the  conversion  of
         Series B Preferred  Stock and Series C Preferred Stock and, when issued
         upon the  conversion of Series B Preferred  Stock or Series C Preferred
         Stock (as the case may be) in accordance with the Charter, will be duly
         and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free and clear of
         all liens, charges, claims and encumbrances.

                  5. The issuance, sale and delivery of the Purchased Shares and
         the Option  Shares,  the  issuance  and  delivery of Series C Preferred
         Stock as dividends,  and the issuance and delivery of Common Stock upon
         conversion  of  shares  of  Preferred  Stock  is  not  subject  to  any
         preemptive rights of stockholders of Rio Grande or, to the knowledge of
         such  counsel,  to any right of first refusal or other similar right in
         favor of any Person.




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                  6.  The  execution  and  delivery  of the  Agreement  and  the
         Registration  Rights  Agreement),  the  execution  and  delivery of the
         Acquisition   Agreement  (and  agreements  relating  thereto)  and  the
         consummation of the  transactions  provided for therein  (including the
         Acquisition)  and  the  fulfillment  by Rio  Grande  and/or  any of its
         Subsidiaries of the terms thereof,  do not and/or will not (a) conflict
         with or result in a breach of any  provision  of the Charter or By-laws
         or  the  charter  or  by-laws  or   partnership   agreement   or  other
         organizational  documents of any of its  Subsidiaries,  (b) result in a
         conflict  or  default  or  give  rise  to  any  right  of  termination,
         cancellation  or  acceleration  under any of the terms,  conditions  or
         provisions of any note,  bond,  mortgage,  loan  agreement,  indenture,
         license,  lease,  agreement or other  instrument or obligation to which
         Rio Grande or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which Rio Grande
         or any  of  its  Subsidiaries  is  bound  (including  the  Senior  Loan
         Agreements),  (c) violate any order, writ,  injunction,  decree, or any
         statute,  rule or  regulation  applicable  to Rio  Grande or any of its
         Subsidiaries or any of the material  properties or assets of Rio Grande
         or any of its  Subsidiaries  or (d)  terminate or adversely  affect any
         material   permit,   license  or   authorization  of  any  governmental
         authorizations   used  or   required  by  Rio  Grande  or  any  of  its
         Subsidiaries.






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                                    Exhibit C

                      Form of Registration Rights Agreement





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                                      E-86








                                    Exhibit D


         Items to be included,  among other things, in Rio Grande, Inc. Business
         Plan as may be changed as agreed by Rio Grande and Purchaser.

                  Reserve Reports and Economic Summaries by Well:

                           -  Subdivided  by PDP,  PDNP,  PUD and other  reserve
                           categories

                           - Showing  PV 10 and PV 12 values  as  determined  by
                           utilizing  parameters  defined  in the Debt  Covenant
                           contained in the Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement

                  Activity  Report to include the following  transactions  types
                  with estimated expenditures:

                           - Acquisitions/Divestitures

                           -  Exploration/Exploitation

                           - Land/Seismic

                           - Cost Cutting Measures

                  Financial Information to include the following:

                           - Income  Statement  Projections by well or project

                           -  Statemert  of  Anticipated   Change  in  Financial
                           Position

                           - Anticipated investing/financing activity and effect
                           on  debt

                           - Anticipated  costs, to include cash expenses,  G&A,
                           DD&A and other related items

                  Stock Market Activity

                           - Proposed issuance of stock

                           - Proposed issuance of options or warrants








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                          REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

                  This REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT dated as of the 16th day of
         January,  1997,  is entered  into by and between RIO  GRANDE,  INC.,  a
         Delaware  corporation ("Rio Grande"),  and KOCH EXPLORATION  COMPANY, a
         Kansas corporation ("Purchaser").

                                    RECITALS

                  WHEREAS,   Rio  Grande  and  Purchaser  have  entered  into  a
         Preferred  Stock  Purchase  Agreement  dated as of  January  15,  1997,
         concerning,  among other things, the issuance and sale of shares of Rio
         Grande's preferred stock (the "Stock Purchase Agreement"); and

                  WHEREAS,  Rio  Grande and the  Purchaser  desire to enter into
         this  Agreement in connection  with,  and as an integral part of, their
         execution of the Stock Purchase Agreement;

                  NOW,  THEREFORE,  for  and  in  consideration  of  the  mutual
         promises  of the  parties  hereto,  and for  other  good  and  valuable
         consideration,   the  receipt  and   sufficiency  of  which  is  hereby
         acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

         1.       DEFINITIONS

              1.1  "Agreement"  shall mean,  and the words  "herein,"  "hereof,"
         "hereunder" and words of similar import shall refer to, this instrument
         and any amendment hereto.

              1.2     "Commission" shall refer to the Securities and Exchange
         Commission.

              1.3  "Common  Stock"  shall  refer to any and all of Rio  Grande's
         common  stock,  $.01 par  value,  including,  but not  limited  to, the
         Conversion Stock.

              1.4 "Conversion Stock" shall refer to any and all (i) Common Stock
         issued and issuable upon  conversion  of the Series B Preferred  Stock,
         and (ii) Common Stock issued as dividends on or in any  combination  or
         subdivision of the  foregoing.  When the phrase  "Conversion  Stock" is
         used herein, it shall refer to the sum of shares of Common Stock issued
         as a result of the  conversion of, plus shares of Common Stock issuable
         on  conversion  of,  the Series B  Preferred  Stock,  unless  otherwise
         specified. Conversion Stock shall exclude any shares otherwise included





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         in the  foregoing  from and after the date  that such  shares  are sold
         pursuant to a Registered Public Offering.

              1.5     "Demand Stock" is defined in Section 2.1A.

1.6           1.6     "Exchange Act" shall refer to the Securities  Exchange Act
         of 1934, as amended.

              1.7 "Holders of Registrable  Securities"  (including references to
         holders of certain percentages of Registrable Securities)  collectively
         refers to the holders of Series B  Preferred  Stock (to the extent that
         such shares of stock have not then been  converted  into Common  Stock)
         and the holders of shares of Common  Stock that  theretofore  have been
         issued  upon the  conversion  of Series B Preferred  Stock  (based upon
         conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock).

              1.8 "Initiating Holders" means holder(s) of Registrable Securities
         who in the  aggregate  hold not less than  forty  percent  (40%) of the
         Registrable  Securities  (assuming for this purpose that all issued and
         outstanding  Series B  Preferred  Stock is  converted  into  Conversion
         Stock).

              1.9  "Person"  shall  refer to any  natural  person,  partnership,
         corporation,  association,  joint stock company,  trust, joint venture,
         unincorporated  organization or other entity, or a governmental  entity
         or any department, agency or political subdivision thereof.

              1.10  "Preferred  Stock"  shall  refer to the  Series B  Preferred
         Stock.

              1.11 "Registered  Public Offering" shall refer to a public sale of
         Rio  Grande's  Common  Stock  pursuant  to  an  effective  registration
         statement,  other than a registration  effected  solely to implement an
         employee  benefit  plan,  a  transaction  in  which  Rule  145  of  the
         Commission is applicable or any other form or type of  registration  in
         which Registrable  Securities cannot be included pursuant to Commission
         rule or practice.

              1.12 "Registrable Securities" shall refer to the Conversion Stock.

              1.13 "Reporting Company" shall mean a Person subject to the filing
         requirements  of Section 13 or 15 of the  Exchange  Act or a Person who
         has completed a Registered Public Offering.

              1.14  "Securities  Act" shall refer to the Securities Act of 1933,
         as amended.




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              1.15 "Series B Preferred  Stock" shall refer to any and all of Rio
         Grande's Series B Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share.






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         2.   REGISTRATION RIGHTS.

              2.1     Demand Registration Rights.

                      A. Upon the written  request by the Initiating  Holders to
         register  Registrable  Securities,  Rio Grande shall  promptly  deliver
         notice of such request to all holders of Registrable  Securities  (such
         holders of  Registrable  Securities  being referred to as the "Notified
         Persons"),  who then shall have 30 days to  indicate in writing if they
         desire to be included in such  registration.  If the Initiating Holders
         intend to distribute the Demand Stock by means of an underwriting, they
         shall so advise Rio Grande as part of their  written  request.  "Demand
         Stock"  shall  mean  all of  the  shares  of  Registrable  Stock  being
         requested to be registered by the  Initiating  Holders and the Notified
         Persons.  Rio Grande will use its best efforts to expeditiously (but in
         any event within 90 days of the written request  described in the first
         sentence of this section)  effect the  registration of the Demand Stock
         under the  Securities  Act and qualify the Demand  Stock for sale under
         any state  blue sky law,  but only to the  extent  provided  for in the
         following  provisions of this Article II; provided,  however,  that the
         shares of Demand Stock for which  registration has been requested shall
         constitute at least 40% of the total shares of  Registrable  Securities
         then  outstanding  (assuming  for  this  purpose  that all  issued  and
         outstanding  Series B  Preferred  Stock is  converted  into  Conversion
         Stock).

                  Rio  Grande  shall  not be  required  to  effect  registration
         pursuant to requests  under this  Section 2.1 more than three (3) times
         for the  holders of the  Registrable  Securities  as a group.  A demand
         registration  instituted  pursuant  to this  Section  2.1  shall not be
         counted  as such  unless  and until (1) Rio  Grande  shall have in good
         faith filed a registration  statement  with the Commission  pursuant to
         this Section 2.1 and (2) the holders holding at least a majority of the
         Registrable  Securities included in such offering elect to proceed with
         the  registration  process after  receiving the  Commission's  complete
         initial  comments,  if any,  to the first  filing of such  registration
         statement.  Rio  Grande  shall  not be  required  to  include  in  such
         registration  any  shares of Common  Stock that are  issuable  upon the
         conversion of Preferred  Stock unless the holder  commits in writing to
         Rio Grande  that such  holder will  convert  the  Preferred  Stock into
         shares of Common Stock before or not later than simultaneously with the
         effectiveness of the registration statement registering those shares of
         Common Stock.

                      B. Whenever a demand registration pursuant to Section 2.1A
         is made, Rio Grande shall be entitled to include in any registration




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         statement  (i)  shares of Common  Stock to be sold by other  holders of
         Common  Stock with  registration  rights  that  allow  such  holders to
         participate  in  the  registration  (the  "Other   Registration  Rights
         Holders"), and (ii) shares of Common Stock to be sold by Rio Grande for
         its own account;  provided,  however  that if the managing  underwriter
         determines  in good faith that the number of shares of Common  Stock to
         be  sold  in  such  registration   should  be  limited  due  to  market
         conditions,  then the number of shares of Common Stock  included by Rio
         Grande in such registration shall be reduced to the extent necessary to
         cause the total number of shares of Common Stock being so registered to
         be reduced to the number  determined  by the  underwriter,  and if such
         reduction is not sufficient,  then after the number of shares of Common
         Stock  included  by Rio Grande  has been  decreased  to zero,  then the
         number of shares of Common  Stock  included  by the Other  Registration
         Rights  Holders shall be reduced pro rata among the Other  Registration
         Rights  Holders to the extent  necessary  to cause the total  number of
         shares of Common Stock being so registered to be further reduced to the
         number determined by the underwriter,  and if such further reduction is
         not  sufficient,  then  after the  number  of  shares  of Common  Stock
         included by the Other  Registration  Rights Holders is reduced to zero,
         then the Demand Stock shall be reduced pro rata to the extent necessary
         to cause the number of shares of Demand  Stock so  registered  to equal
         the number determined by the underwriter.

                  Except as permitted herein, Rio Grande may not cause any other
         registration  of securities for sale for its own account or for Persons
         other  than  a  holder  of   Registrable   Securities   (other  than  a
         registration effected solely to implement an employee benefit plan or a
         transaction to which Rule 145 of the  Commission is  applicable,  or as
         may be  required  pursuant  to  the  terms  of  those  certain  Warrant
         Agreements,  as amended through the date hereof,  issued by the Company
         in connection  with the Company's  1995 11.50%  Subordinated  Notes) to
         become  effective  less than 180 days after the  effective  date of any
         registration required pursuant to this Section 2.1.

                      C. If at the time of any request to register  Demand Stock
         pursuant to this Section  2.1,  Rio Grande is preparing a  registration
         statement for a Registered  Public  Offering which in fact is filed and
         becomes effective within 90 days after the request, then Rio Grande may
         at its option  direct  that such  request to register  Demand  Stock be
         delayed  for a period  not in excess of six months  from the  effective
         date of such offering. Such right to delay a request shall be exercised
         by Rio  Grande  not more than once in any two year  period.  Nothing in
         this Section 2.1C shall preclude a holder of Registrable Securities




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         from enjoying  registration rights pursuant to the terms of Section 2.2
         hereof. No demand shall be made by holders of Registrable Securities at
         any time,  within  six (6)  months of the  effective  date of any other
         registration of Common Stock in which holders of Registrable Securities
         were entitled to participate pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.

                  Rio Grande may postpone  for a reasonable  period of time (not
         to exceed 90 days) the filing of any registration  statement  otherwise
         required  to be prepared  and filed by it pursuant to this  Section 2.1
         if, at the time it receives a request for registration:

              (x) the Board of Directors  of Rio Grande shall  determine in good
         faith that such offering will  interfere  materially  with a pending or
         contemplated  financing,  merger,  sale of assets,  recapitalization or
         other similar  corporate action of Rio Grande and Rio Grande shall have
         furnished to the persons seeking such registration a certificate signed
         by the  President  of Rio  Grande  to  that  effect,  accompanied  by a
         certified copy of the relevant board resolutions; or

              (y) the Board of Directors  of Rio Grande shall  determine in good
         faith  that  the   disclosures   required  in   connection   with  such
         registration  could  reasonably  be  expected to  materially  adversely
         affect the  business or  prospects  of Rio Grande and Rio Grande  shall
         have furnished to the persons  seeking such  registration a certificate
         signed by the President of Rio Grande to that effect,  accompanied by a
         certified copy of the relevant board resolutions.

     2.2 Piggyback Registration. If Rio Grande at any time proposes a Registered
Public Offering,  it will, as soon as practicable but no less than 30 days prior
to filing the  registration  statement,  give  written  notice to all holders of
Registrable Securities of its intention to do so (stating the intended method of
disposition  of such  securities).  Upon the  written  request of any holders of
Registrable  Securities given within 20 days after  transmittal by Rio Grande to
the holders of such notice,  Rio Grande will, subject to the limits contained in
this Section 2.2, use its best efforts to cause those Registrable  Securities of
said requesting holders to be included in such registration statement; provided,
however that if the underwriter  managing such  registration  determines in good
faith that market or economic  conditions  limit the amount of securities  which
may reasonably be expected to be sold, Rio Grande may limit the number of shares
of Common Stock  included by persons other than Rio Grande,  including,  without
limitation, the Registrable Securities (the "Piggyback Stock") to be included in
such  registration  and the  holders of the  Piggyback  Stock will be allowed to
register  their  Piggyback  Stock  pro rata  based on the  number  of  shares of
Piggyback Stock held by such holders,  respectively.  If any holder of Piggyback
Stock  disapproves  of the  terms  of any  such  underwriting,  he may  elect to
withdraw therefrom by written notice to Rio Grande and the managing underwriter.
If, by the withdrawal of such Piggyback Stock, a greater number of Piggyback




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Stock  held  by  other  holders  of  Piggyback  Stock  may be  included  in such
registration  (up to the limit  imposed by the  underwriters),  Rio Grande shall
offer to all holders of Piggyback Stock who have included Piggyback Stock in the
registration  the right to include  additional  Piggyback  Stock,  pro rata. Any
Piggyback Stock excluded or withdrawn from such underwriting  shall be withdrawn
from such registration.  Rio Grande shall be under no obligation to complete any
offering of its  securities  it proposes to make and shall incur no liability to
any holder of Registrable Securities for its failure to do so.

     2.3 Registration Procedures.  If and whenever Rio Grande is required by the
provisions of this Article II to use its best efforts to effect the registration
of  Registrable  Securities  under the  Securities  Act,  Rio  Grande  will,  as
expeditiously as possible:

                                    (i) prepare and file with the  Commission  a
                  registration statement with respect to such securities and use
                  its best  efforts  to cause  such  registration  statement  to
                  become and remain  effective  for the period  provided in this
                  Article II;







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                                    (ii)  prepare  and file with the  Commission
                  such amendments and supplements to such registration statement
                  and the  prospectus  used in  connection  therewith  as may be
                  necessary to keep such registration statement effective and to
                  comply with the  provisions of the Securities Act with respect
                  to the sale or other disposition of all securities  covered by
                  such registration  statement whenever the seller or sellers of
                  such securities  shall desire to sell or otherwise  dispose of
                  the same, but only to the extent provided in this Article II;

                                    (iii)  furnish to each seller such number of
                  copies of a prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, in
                  conformity  with the  requirements  of the Securities Act, and
                  such other documents, as such seller may reasonably request in
                  order to facilitate  the public sale or other  disposition  of
                  the securities owned by such seller;

                                    (iv) use its best  efforts  to  register  or
                  qualify the securities covered by such registration  statement
                  under  such  other  securities  or state blue sky laws of such
                  jurisdictions   as  each   seller,   or  in  the  case  of  an
                  underwritten public offering,  the managing  underwriter shall
                  reasonably  request,  and do any and all other acts and things
                  which may be necessary  under such securities or blue sky laws
                  to  enable  the  public  sale  or  other  disposition  of  the
                  securities in such jurisdictions, except that Rio Grande shall
                  not for any such purpose be required to qualify to do business
                  as a foreign corporation in any jurisdiction wherein it is not
                  so qualified;

                                    (v) before filing the registration statement
                  or prospectus or amendments or supplements thereto, furnish to
                  one special  counsel  selected by the holders of a majority of
                  the Registrable Securities included in such offering copies of
                  such documents  proposed to be filed which shall be subject to
                  the reasonable approval of such special counsel;

                                    (vi) if the offering is underwritten, at the
                  request of any seller,  use its best efforts to furnish on the
                  date  securities  are  delivered to the  underwriter  for sale
                  pursuant  to such  registration  (A) an opinion of counsel for
                  Rio  Grande,  dated  the  effective  date of the  registration
                  statement,  addressed to the seller and to Rio Grande, and (B)
                  a  "comfort"   letter   signed  by  the   independent   public
                  accountants   who  have   certified  Rio  Grande's   financial
                  statements included in the registration  statement,  addressed
                  to the seller and the underwriter, covering substantially the





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                  same matters with respect to the  registration  statement (and
                  the  prospectus  included  therein)  and (in  the  case of the
                  accountants'  letter) with respect to events subsequent to the
                  date of the financial  statements,  as are customarily covered
                  (at the time of such  registration)  in  opinions  of issuer's
                  counsel  and  in   accountants'   letters   delivered  to  the
                  underwriters in underwritten public offerings of securities;

                                    (vii)  cause  all   Registrable   Securities
                  covered by such  registration  to be listed on each securities
                  exchange,  including the Nasdaq Stock Market, on which similar
                  securities issued by Rio Grande are then listed; and

                                    (viii)  take such other  actions as shall be
                  reasonably  requested  by a holder of  Registrable  Securities
                  included in such registration.

provided,  however, that notwithstanding any other provision of this Article II,
Rio  Grande  shall  not in any  event be  required  to use its best  efforts  to
maintain the  effectiveness of any such  registration  statement for a period in
excess of 90 days or 120 days in the case of  registrations  pursuant to Section
2.1 (or at the request of the selling holders, an additional 90 days or 120 days
as the case may be).  The term  "seller" as used in this  Article II refers to a
holder of the Registrable Securities selling such shares.

         In  connection  with each  registration  hereunder,  each seller  shall
furnish to Rio Grande in writing such information with respect to such seller as
reasonably  shall be  necessary in order to assure  compliance  with federal and
applicable state securities laws.

     2.4 Expenses.  All expenses incurred in effecting the registration provided
for in Sections  2.1, 2.2 and Section 2.9,  including  without  limitation,  all
registration  and filing fees,  printing  expenses,  fees and  disbursements  of
counsel  for Rio Grande and fees of one  special  counsel for all of the selling
holders  of the  Registrable  Securities  being so  registered  selected  by the
holders  of  a  majority  of  the   Registrable   Securities   included  in  the
registration,  underwriting expenses (other than fees,  commissions or discounts
relating  to the sale of shares of Common  Stock,  other than for the account of
Rio  Grande,  that are  included  in the  registration),  expenses of any audits
incident to or required by any such registration, expenses of complying with the
securities  or blue sky laws of any  jurisdictions  pursuant to Section  2.3(iv)
hereof,  and any other  expenses  incurred  in taking the actions  described  in
Section 2.3 (all of such expenses referred to as "Registration Expenses"), shall
be paid by Rio  Grande;  provided,  however  that in the case of a  registration
pursuant to Section 2.1, participating sellers of Registrable Securities shall




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bear their  respective  pro rata portion of expenses  incurred by Rio Grande for
its accountants to audit other than year-end financial statements, unless in the
case of a  registration  pursuant  to Section  2.1 in which more than 40% of the
Common Stock  included in such  registration  is Common Stock for the account of
Rio Grande, in which case Rio Grande shall pay its  proportionate  share of such
additional audit expense.

     2.5      Indemnification.

              A. In the event of any registration of any of its securities under
the Securities  Act pursuant to this Article II, Rio Grande shall  indemnify and
hold harmless the seller of such securities, each underwriter (as defined in the
Securities  Act), and each other Person who participates in the offering of such
securities  and each other Person,  if any, who controls  (within the meaning of
the  Securities   Act)  such  seller,   underwriter  or   participating   Person
(individually  and collectively  the  "Indemnified  Person") against any and all
losses, claims,  damages or liabilities  (collectively the "liability"),to which
such Indemnified  Person may become subject insofar as such liability (or action
in respect  thereof) arises out of or is based upon (i) any untrue  statement or
alleged  untrue  statement of any material  fact  contained in any  registration
statement under which such securities were registered  under the Securities Act,
any  preliminary  prospectus  or  final  prospectus  contained  therein,  or any
amendment or supplement thereto,  (ii) any omission or alleged omission to state
therein a material fact  required to be stated  therein or necessary to make the
statements  therein not  misleading  or (iii) any violation by Rio Grande of any
rule or regulation  promulgated under the Securities Act or any state securities
law  applicable to and relating to action or inaction  required of Rio Grande in
connection  with any such  registration.  Rio Grande shall  reimburse  each such
Indemnified Person for all fees and expenses  (including  reasonable legal fees)
reasonably  incurred by such Indemnified Person in connection with investigating
or,  subject to paragraph D of this Section 2.5,  defending or settling any such
liability;  provided,  however,  that Rio  Grande  shall  not be  liable  to any
Indemnified Person in any such case to the extent that any such liability arises
out of or is based upon any alleged untrue  statements or alleged omissions made
in such registration statement, preliminary or final prospectus, or amendment or
supplement  thereto, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information
furnished to Rio Grande by such Indemnified Person specifically for use therein.

              B. Each holder of any securities sold pursuant to any registration
under this Article II shall,  by acceptance of the proceeds  thereof,  indemnify
and hold  harmless,  for the sale of its securities in such  registration,  each
other holder of any such securities, Rio Grande, its directors and officers, its




30142402.2



                                      E-97








legal counsel and  independent  public  accountants,  each  underwriter and each
other Person, if any, who controls Rio Grande or such underwriter  (individually
and  collectively  the "Rio  Grande  Indemnified  Person"),  against any and all
losses, claims, damages or liabilities, to which any such Rio Grande Indemnified
Person  may become  subject  insofar as such  liability  (or  actions in respect
thereof)  arises  out of or is based upon (i) any  untrue  statement  or alleged
untrue  statement of any material fact contained in any  registration  statement
under which  securities were registered  under the Securities Act at the written
request of such holder, any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained
therein, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or (ii) any omission or alleged
omission  to state  therein a material  fact  required  to be stated  therein or
necessary to make the statements therein not misleading,  in the case of (i) and
(ii) to the extent,  but only to the extent,  that such alleged untrue statement
or alleged  omission was made in such  registration  statement,  preliminary  or
final  prospectus,  amendment  or  supplement  thereto in  reliance  upon and in
conformity  with  written  information  furnished  to Rio Grande by such  holder
specifically  for use  therein,  and then only to the  extent  that such  untrue
statement or alleged untrue  statements or omission or alleged  omissions by the
holder were not based on the  authority  of an expert as to which the holder had
no reasonable ground to believe,  and did not believe,  that the statements made
on the  authority  of such  expert  were untrue or that there was an omission to
state a material fact.  Such holder shall  reimburse any Rio Grande  Indemnified
Person for any reasonable legal fees reasonably  incurred in  investigating  or,
subject to Paragraph D of this Section 2.5, defending any such liability.

              C.  Indemnification  similar to that specified in Section 2.5A and
Section 2.5B shall be given by Rio Grande and each holder of any securities sold
pursuant to a registration under this Article II (with such modifications as may
be appropriate) with respect to any required registration or other qualification
of  such  securities  under  any  federal  or  state  law  or  regulation  of  a
governmental authority other than the Securities Act.

              D. In the event Rio Grande,  any holder of Registrable  Securities
or of securities  sold pursuant to this Agreement or any other Person receives a
complaint,  claim or other notice of any  liability or action,  giving rise to a
claim for  indemnification  under  paragraphs A, B or C of this Section 2.5, the
Person claiming  indemnification under such paragraphs shall promptly notify the
Person against whom  indemnification is sought of such complaint,  notice, claim
or action, and such indemnifying  Person shall have the right to investigate and
defend any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; provided however, that
failure  to  so  notify  shall  not  affect  the  indemnification  rights  under
paragraphs A, B or C of this Section 2.5 except to the extent (but only to the




30142402.2



                                      E-98








extent) the  indemnifying  person was  materially  adversely  prejudiced by such
failure.  The  Person  claiming  indemnification  shall have the right to employ
separate  counsel in any such action and to participate in the defense  thereof,
but the fees and  expenses  of such  counsel  shall not be at the expense of the
Person against whom  indemnification  is sought (unless the  indemnifying  party
fails to defend  the  Persons  rightfully  claiming  indemnification  under this
Section 2.5, in which case the fees and expenses of such separate  counsel shall
be borne by the Person  against  whom  indemnification  is sought).  In no event
shall a Person against whom  indemnification is sought be obligated to indemnify
any  Person  for any  settlement  of any claim or action  effected  without  the
indemnifying Person's prior written consent.

              E. If the indemnification provided for in this Section 2.5 is held
by a court of competent  jurisdiction to be unavailable to an indemnified  party
with  respect  to any loss,  liability,  claim,  damage or expense  referred  to
therein,  then the indemnifying  party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified
party  thereunder,  shall  contribute  to the  amount  paid or  payable  by such
indemnified party as a result of such loss, liability,  claim, damage or expense
in such  proportion  as is  appropriate  to reflect  the  relative  fault of the
indemnifying  party on the one hand and of the  indemnified  party on the  other
hand in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such loss,
liability,  claim,  damage or  expense as well as any other  relevant  equitable
considerations. The relevant fault of the indemnifying party and the indemnified
party shall be  determined  by  reference  to, among other  things,  whether the
untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged
omission  to state a  material  fact  relates  to  information  supplied  by the
indemnifying party or by the indemnified party and the parties' relative intent,
knowledge,  access to  information  and  opportunity  to correct or prevent such
statement or omission.  Notwithstanding the foregoing,  the amount any holder of
Registrable Securities shall be obligated to contribute pursuant to this Section
2.5E shall be limited to an amount equal to the proceeds received by such holder
pursuant to the  registration  statement  which gives rise to such obligation to
contribute  (less the  aggregate  amount of any  damages  which the  holder  has
otherwise been required to pay in respect of such loss, claim, damage, liability
or action or any substantially similar loss, claim, damage,  liability or action
arising from the sale of such securities).

              F. The  indemnification  provided  by this  Section 2.5 shall be a
continuing right to indemnification  and shall survive the registration and sale
of any securities by any Person  entitled to  indemnification  hereunder and the
expiration or termination of this Agreement.

     2.6      Termination of Registration Rights.  Notwithstanding the foregoing
egistration and the




30142402.2



                                      E-99








provisions of this Article II, the rights to rdesignation of Conversion Stock as
Registrable Securities shall terminate as to any particular securities when such
securities  shall have been  transferred or assigned in any manner except as set
forth in Section 2.10 hereto.

     2.7 Compliance with Rule 144 and Rule 144A. Rio Grande shall make available
to each holder of Registrable Stock the benefit of certain rules and regulations
of the Commission  which may permit such holder to sell Conversion  Stock to the
public without  registration  under the Securities Act by (a) making and keeping
"current public information" "available" (as both such terms are defined in Rule
144 under the Securities  Act) at all times,  (b) use its best efforts to timely
file  with  the  Commission,  in  accordance  with  all  rules  and  regulations
applicable  thereto,  all reports and other documents (i) required of Rio Grande
for Rule 144, as it may be amended from time to time (or any rule, regulation or
statute  replacing Rule 144), to be available to  stockholders of Rio Grande and
(ii)   required  to  be  filed  under   Section   15(d)  of  the  Exchange  Act,
notwithstanding  that Rio Grande's duty to file such reports or documents may be
suspended or otherwise  terminated under the express terms of such provision and
(c) upon request by such holder,  furnishing such holder a written  statement by
Rio Grande that it has complied with the reporting  requirements of the Exchange
Act and Rule 144,  together  with a copy of the most recent  annual or quarterly
report of Rio Grande and such reports and documents filed by Rio Grande with the
Commission  as may  reasonably  be  requested  by such holder in order that such
holder may avail itself of any rule or  regulation  of the  Commission  allowing
sales of Conversion  Stock without  registration  under the Securities  Act. Rio
Grande shall,  upon such  holder's  request or upon the request of a prospective
buyer (a "Prospective  Buyer") of Conversion  Stock,  deliver to such holder and
such Prospective Buyer, all information described in Section (d)(i) of Rule 144A
under the Securities Act (all of such information being "reasonably  current" as
described in such Section (d)4(i) if Rio Grande (x) is not subject to Section 13
or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, and (y) is not exempt from  reporting  pursuant to
Rule 12g3- 2(b) under the Exchange Act.

     2.8  Amendments.  The provisions of this Agreement may be amended,  and Rio
Grande may take any action  herein  prohibited or omit to perform any act herein
required  to be  performed  by it, only if Rio Grande has  obtained  the written
consent of holders of at least 662/3% of the Registrable Securities.

     2.9 Short  Form  Registration.  Rio  Grande  shall use its best  efforts to
qualify  for   registration  on  Form  S-2,  Form  S-3  or  similar  short  form
registration  statement (the "Short Form").  If and when Rio Grande so qualifies





30142402.2



                                      E-100








to use a Short Form, the holders of the  Registrable  Securities  shall have the
right to request registration on the Short Form as the demand registration right
created by Section 2.1 hereof. In such case, the provisions of Section 2.1 shall
apply to such demand  registration  except that the registration shall be on the
Short Form so specified by the holders of the Registrable Securities.

     2.10  Transferability of Registration Rights. The right to cause Rio Grande
to register  Registrable  Securities of a holder and keep information  available
granted to a holder of Registrable Securities by Rio Grande under this Agreement
may  be  assigned  by  a  holder  of  Registrable  Securities  to  any  partner,
shareholder  or  affiliate of such  holder,  to any other holder of  Registrable
Securities,  or to a transferee or assignee who receives at least 500,000 shares
of Registrable Securities (as adjusted for stock splits and the like); provided,
that Rio Grande is given written notice by the holder of Registrable  Securities
at the time of or within a reasonable time after said transfer, stating the name
and address of said  transferee or assignee and  identifying the securities with
respect to which such registration rights are being assigned. As used herein, an
"affiliate"  of a holder of  Registrable  Securities  shall  mean any Person who
controls, is under common control with, or is controlled by such holder.

     2.11 Designation of Underwriter.  In the case of any registration  effected
pursuant to this Article II, Rio Grande  shall have the right to  designate  the
managing  underwriter,  subject to the  approval of the holders of a majority of
the Registrable Securities included in such offering.  With respect to offerings
under  Section  2.1, the holders of the Demand  Stock shall  negotiate  with the
underwriter selected by Rio Grande with regard to the underwriting of the Demand
Stock; provided,  however, that if the holders of a majority of the Demand Stock
have not agreed with such  underwriter  as to the terms and  conditions  of such
underwriting   within   twenty  (20)  days   following   commencement   of  such
negotiations,  the  holders  of a  majority  of the  Demand  Stock may select an
underwriter of their choice,  provided such underwriter is reasonably acceptable
to Rio Grande. Rio Grande and each holder of Registrable  Securities included in
the  registration  shall enter into an underwriting  agreement in customary form
with the managing underwriter.














30142402.2



                                      E-101








3.   MISCELLANEOUS.

     3.1  Remedies.  Any Person  having any rights  under any  provision of this
Agreement will be entitled to enforce such rights  specifically,  to recover any
damages  by reason of any  breach of any  provision  of this  Agreement,  and to
exercise  all  other  rights  granted  by law or  equity,  which  rights  may be
exercised  cumulatively and not alternatively.  The prevailing party in any such
dispute shall receive its reasonable attorneys' fees and costs.

     3.2 Successors and Assigns.  Except as otherwise expressly provided herein,
all covenants and agreements  contained in this Agreement by or on behalf of any
of the  parties  hereto  will bind and inure to the  benefit  of the  respective
successors and assigns of the parties hereto whether so expressed or not.

     3.3 Severability.  Whenever possible, each provision of this Agreement will
be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law,
but if any  provision of this  Agreement is held to be  prohibited by or invalid
under  applicable law, such provision will be ineffective  only to the extent of
such  prohibition  or  invalidity,  without  invalidating  the remainder of this
Agreement.

     3.4   Counterparts.   This  Agreement  may  be  executed  in  two  or  more
counterparts,  any one of which need not contain the signatures of more than one
party, but all such counterparts when taken together will constitute one and the
same Agreement.

     3.5      Descriptive Headings.  The descriptive headings of this Agreement
are inserted for convenience only and do not constitute a part of this
Agreement.

     3.6  Notices.  Any  notices  required  or  permitted  to be sent  shall  be
delivered  personally,  telecopied or mailed,  certified mail,  postage prepaid,
return receipt requested,  to the following  addresses until such addresses have
been changed by written notice delivered  pursuant to this Section 3.6 and shall
be deemed to have been delivered and received three (3) business days after such
mailing, when delivered personally or when receipt is confirmed by an individual
if sent by telecopy:

         If to Rio Grande:                  Rio Grande, Inc.
                                            10101 Reunion Place
                                            Union Square, Ste. 210
                                            San Antonio, Texas  78216
                                            Attn: President
                                            Telecopy No.:(210) 308-8111






30142402.2



                                      E-102








         If to Purchaser:                   Koch Exploration Company
                             4111 E. 37th St. North
                              Wichita, Kansas 67220
                                            Attn:  Vice President
                          Telecopy No.: (316) 828-5390

     3.7 Governing Law. The validity, meaning and effect of this Agreement shall
be determined in accordance with the laws of Texas  applicable to contracts made
and to be performed in that state.

     IN WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of
the date and year first written above.

                                                 Rio Grande:

                                RIO GRANDE, INC.


                                                 By:___________________________
                                                 Its:


                                                 Purchaser:

                            KOCH EXPLORATION COMPANY



                                                By:___________________________
                                                Its:







30142402.2



                                      E-103








                             STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENT

     THIS  STOCKHOLDERS  AGREEMENT  (this  "Agreement") is made this 16th day of
January,  1997, by and among Robert A.  Buschman and Guy Bob Buschman,  in their
capacities  as  stockholders,  (the  "Founders"),  Rio Grande,  Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the "Company"),  and the persons and organizations whose signatures
appear below (whether one or more, the "Stockholders").

     WHEREAS,  pursuant to that certain Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated
as of January 15, 1997, the Stockholders acquired from the Company shares of its
Series A  Preferred  Stock,  par value $.01 per share (the  "Series A  Preferred
Stock")  and shares of its Series B  Preferred  Stock,  par value $.01 per share
("Series B Preferred  Stock") which are convertible  into shares of common stock
of the  Company,  par  value  $.01 per  share,  as more  fully  set forth in the
Certificate  of  Designation  filed with the  Secretary  of State of Delaware on
January 15, 1997 (such Common Stock,  adjusted,  hereinafter referred to as, the
"Common Stock"); and

     WHEREAS,  the  Founders  are  presently  the legal or  beneficial  owner of
2,360,940 shares, collectively,  of the outstanding Common Stock of the Company;
and

     WHEREAS,  the Founders have agreed pursuant to this Agreement,  among other
things, to grant the Stockholders the opportunity to participate, upon the terms
and conditions set forth in this Agreement,  in certain  subsequent sales of the
Common Stock of the Company made by the Founders to induce the  Stockholders  to
make the proposed investment;

     NOW, THEREFORE,  THE PARTIES HERETO,  INTENDING TO BE LEGALLY BOUND, HEREBY
AGREE AS FOLLOWS:

                                    ARTICLE 1
                               Sales by a Founder

     1.1 Notice of Certain  Purchase  Offers.  Prior to January 18, 2002 (unless
otherwise  terminated  pursuant to Section 5.1  hereof),  except as set forth in
Section  1.5,  should  either  Founder  propose  to accept one or more bona fide
offers  (collectively  the "Purchase Offer") from any Persons to purchase shares
of the Company's Common Stock from the Founder (a "Transferring Founder"),  then
such  Transferring  Founder shall promptly notify each  Stockholder of the terms
and conditions of such Purchase Offer.  For purposes  hereof, a "Person" means a
natural  person,  partnership,  corporation,  association,  joint stock company,
trust,  joint  venture,  unincorporated  organization  or  other  entity,  or  a
governmental entity or any department, agency or political subdivision thereof.





30142402.2



                                      E-104








     1.2  Right  to  Participate.   Each  Stockholder   shall  have  the  right,
exercisable upon written notice to the  Transferring  Founder within 15 Business
Days  after  the  date of  receipt  of the  notice  of the  Purchase  Offer,  to
participate in the Transferring Founder's sale of Common Stock on the same terms
and conditions. A "Business Day" means any day other than Saturday,  Sunday or a
day on which  national banks located in the State of Kansas are authorized to be
closed for business.  If no  Stockholder  elects to  participate in the Purchase
Offer as provided herein,  then the  Transferring  Founder may offer such Common
Stock to any Outsider pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Offer. To the extent
a Stockholder  exercises  such right of  participation,  the number of shares of
Common Stock which the  Transferring  Founder may sell pursuant to such Purchase
Offer shall be correspondingly  reduced in accordance with the provisions below.
The right of participation of each Stockholder shall be subject to the following
terms and conditions:

              (a) Each  Stockholder  may sell all or any part of that  number of
shares of Common  Stock of the  Company  which it then owns equal to the product
obtained  by  multiplying  (i) the  aggregate  number of shares of Common  Stock
covered by the Purchase  Offer by (ii) a fraction the  numerator of which is the
number  of  shares  of Common  Stock of the  Company  at the time  owned by such
Stockholder  and the  denominator  of which is the combined  number of shares of
Common  Stock of the  Company  at the time  owned  by the  Transferring  Founder
(including shares transferred to Permitted Transferees as hereinafter defined in
accordance  herewith)  and  the  Stockholders.   For  purposes  of  making  such
computation,  each  Stockholder  shall be deemed to own the  number of shares of
Common Stock into which all its Series B Preferred  Stock is  convertible on the
date such Stockholder receives the notice of the Purchase Offer.

              (b) Each  Stockholder may participate in the sale by delivering to
the  Transferring  Founder  for  transfer  to the  purchase  offeror one or more
certificates, properly endorsed for transfer, which represent

                      (i)      the number of shares of Common Stock which such
Stockholder elects to sell pursuant to this Section 1.2 not to exceed the number
of shares of Common Stock which it may sell as  determined  in  accordance  with
Section 1.2(a) above; or

                      (i) that  number of shares  of  Series B  Preferred  Stock
which is at such time  convertible  into the  number  of shares of Common  Stock
which such Stockholder elects to sell pursuant to this Section 1.2 not to exceed
the  number  of  shares  of  Common  Stock  which it may sell as  determined  in
accordance with Section 1.2(a) above;  provided,  however,  that if the purchase
offeror  objects to the  delivery of Series B Preferred  Stock in lieu of Common
Stock,  such  Stockholder  may convert and deliver  Common  Stock as provided in
subparagraph (b)(i) above.




30142402.2



                                      E-105









              (c) If a Stockholder  elects not to participate in such a sale and
the terms and conditions of such sale thereafter  materially change (except with
regard to the purchase price, as to which any change shall be deemed  material),
the Founders  must once again give the notice  required in Section 1.1 and allow
each such Stockholder the opportunity to participate in such sale.

     1.3 Consummation of Sale. The stock  certificate or certificates  which the
Stockholder  delivers to the Transferring  Founder pursuant to Section 1.2 shall
be  transferred  by  the  Transferring   Founder  to  the  purchase  offeror  in
consummation  of the  sale  of the  Common  Stock  pursuant  to  the  terms  and
conditions  specified  in the  Section 1.1 notice to the  Stockholders,  and the
Transferring  Founder shall promptly  thereafter  remit to such Stockholder that
portion of the sale proceeds to which such  Stockholder is entitled by reason of
its participation in such sale.

     1.4  Ongoing  Rights.  The  exercise or  non-exercise  of the rights of the
Stockholders  hereunder to participate in one or more sales of Common Stock made
by the  Founders  shall not  adversely  affect their  rights to  participate  in
subsequent  sales of Common  Stock by either  Founder  pursuant  to Section  1.1
hereof.

     1.5 Permitted  Transfers.  The participation rights of the Stockholders and
restriction  on transfers by the Founders shall not apply (a) to offers or sales
by the  Founders  or  their  Permitted  Transferees  in an  underwritten  public
offering or otherwise pursuant to an effective  registration  statement,  on the
facilities of a national  securities  exchange or in any other recognized public
securities  market, (b) to any pledge of Common Stock made by a Founder pursuant
to a bona fide loan transaction which creates a mere security interest, (c) upon
the death of a Founder, to any transfer of Common Stock owned by such Founder on
the date of such Founder's  death to such Founder's  ancestors or descendants or
spouse or to a trustee  for their  benefit or to any  charity,  (d) to any inter
vivos gift of shares to such Founder's  ancestors or descendants or spouse or to
a trust for the benefit of any of the  foregoing,  or (e) to any other bona fide
gift  (collectively,   "Permitted  Transfers"  and  the  respective  transferees
"Permitted Transferee");  provided,  however, that (i) such Founder shall inform
the Stockholders of any Permitted  Transfer involving more than one percent (1%)
of the  outstanding  stock on a fully  diluted  basis and (ii) to the extent any
Person  (other than an  underwriter  in connection  with a registered  offering)
acquires  beneficial  ownership of Common Stock representing more than 5% of the
then outstanding  shares of Common Stock on a fully diluted basis as a result of
a Permitted  Transfer,  the  transferring  Founder  will  request such Person to
furnish the Stockholders with a written agreement to be bound by and comply with




30142402.2



                                      E-106








all provisions of this Agreement  applicable to such Founder;  provided,  to the
extent a Founder makes a Permitted Transfer and subsequently  re-acquires shares
from such Permitted  Transferee,  those shares shall again become subject to the
terms hereof.

     1.6  Restrictions  on Transfer On or Before  January 18, 2000.  Without the
prior  written  consent  of the  Stockholders,  except  as  otherwise  expressly
permitted by Sections  1.5(a)-(d) neither Founder will sell, assign or otherwise
transfer any shares of Common  Stock owned by such Founder on or before  January
18,  2000;  provided,  that if the  Stockholders  consent  to a  proposed  sale,
assignment or transfer on or before January 18, 2000 pursuant to this provision,
the other  provisions of this Agreement  will apply to such sale,  assignment or
transfer.



                                    ARTICLE 2
                              Sales by Stockholders

     2.1  During the term  hereof and except as set forth in this  Article 2, no
Stockholder  may sell any Series B Preferred  Stock which such  Stockholder  now
owns, or which such Stockholder may hereafter  acquire,  to a person not a party
to this  Agreement (an  "Outsider"),  unless such person is an affiliate of such
Stockholder,  without  first  offering  the Series B  Preferred  Stock which the
Stockholder  wishes to transfer to the Company and the Founders  pursuant to the
procedures set forth in this Article on substantially  the same terms as will be
offered to the Outsider.  If, at the end of the Second Option Period as provided
in Section 2.4,  the Company or the  Founders  have not agreed to acquire all of
the offered Series B Preferred Stock,  then all of such Series B Preferred Stock
may be transferred to an Outsider in compliance with Section 2.3.

     2.2 All offers to transfer  made  pursuant to this Article  shall state the
proposed  purchase price and all other terms applicable to the proposed transfer
to the Outsider.

     2.3      Any transfer to an Outsider must be effected in accordance with
the provisions hereof:

                  (a)      the transferring Stockholder shall transfer all the
         Preferred Stock which was offered pursuant to Section 2.1;

                  (b) such transfer must be made on substantially the same terms
         set forth in the offer to the Company and the Founders; and

                  (c) such transfer must be made within one hundred (120) days




30142402.2



                                      E-107








         after expiration of the Second Option Period.

         Any proposed transfer of Series B Preferred Stock which does not comply
with the  provisions  of Section  2.3 must be  reoffered  to the Company and the
Founders.

         2.4 Before any  Stockholder  may  transfer  or dispose of all or any of
such  Stockholder's  Series B Preferred  Stock in a  transaction  subject to the
provisions  of this  Article,  such  Stockholder  must first offer such Series B
Preferred Stock to the Company and, if the Company  refuses such offer,  then to
the Founders pro rata,  according to their then existing  Common Stock ownership
interests.  The  offering  price  shall be equal to or less than the price,  and
otherwise  on  substantially  the same  terms,  proposed  to be  offered by such
Stockholder  to the  Outsider.  Such offer to the Company  shall be held open by
such  Stockholder  for a period of ten (10)  days  from the date of such  offer,
which period shall be known as the "First  Option  Period" and such offer to the
Founders  shall be held open by such  Stockholder  for a period of ten (10) days
from the end of the First  Option  Period,  which  period  shall be known as the
"Second Option Period".

         2.5 The Company may, within the First Option Period,  accept such offer
as to all the Series B Preferred  Stock so  offered.  In the event such offer is
not  accepted by the Company,  then the  Founders  may, pro rata or otherwise as
agreed among said Founders,  within the Second Option Period,  accept such offer
as to all the Series B Preferred  Stock so  offered.  In the event such offer is
not accepted by the Company and/or the Founders as to all the Series B Preferred
Stock so  offered,  then the  transferring  Stockholder  may offer such Series B
Preferred Stock to any Outsider pursuant to the terms of Section 2.3;  provided,
if either the Company or the Founders  elects not to  participate in such a sale
and the terms and  conditions of such sale  thereafter  materially  change,  the
transferring Stockholder must once again give the notice required in Section 2.1
and allow the  Company  and the  Founders  to  exercise  their  right under this
Article 2.

                                    ARTICLE 3
                              Prohibited Transfers

         3.1 Treatment of Prohibited  Transfers.  In the event a Founder  should
sell any Common  Stock of the  Company  in  contravention  of the  participation
rights of the Stockholders under this Agreement (a "Prohibited  Transfer"),  the
Stockholders,  in addition to such other remedies as may be available at law, in
equity or  hereunder,  shall have the put option  provided in Section 3.2 below,
and such  Founder (the  "Breaching  Founder")  shall be bound by the  applicable
provisions of such put option.





30142402.2



                                      E-108








         3.2 Put Option. In the event of a Prohibited Transfer, each Stockholder
shall  have the  right to sell to the  Breaching  Founder  a number of shares of
Common Stock of the Company (either  directly or through delivery of convertible
Series B Preferred Stock) equal to the number of shares each  Stockholder  would
have been  entitled to  transfer to the  purchaser  in the  Prohibited  Transfer
pursuant to the terms hereof. Such sale shall be made on the following terms and
conditions:

                  (a) The price per share at which the  shares are to be sold to
the  Breaching  Founder  shall be  equal  to the  price  per  share  paid by the
purchaser to the Breaching  Founder in the Prohibited  Transfer.  Such Breaching
Founder shall also reimburse each Stockholder for any and all fees and expenses,
including  legal fees and  expenses,  incurred  pursuant to the  exercise or the
attempted exercise of the Stockholder's rights under this Article 3.

                  (b)  Within  90 days  after the later of the date on which the
Stockholders  (i) received  notice from the Breaching  Founder of the Prohibited
Transfer  or (ii)  otherwise  become  aware  of the  Prohibited  Transfer,  each
Stockholder shall, if exercising the put option created hereby,  deliver to such
Breaching  Founder the  certificate or  certificates  representing  shares to be
sold, each certificate to be properly endorsed for transfer.

                  (c)  Such  Breaching   Founder  shall,  upon  receipt  of  the
certificate or certificates for the shares to be sold by a Stockholder, pursuant
to Section 3.2(b),  pay the aggregate  purchase price therefor and the amount of
reimbursable  fees and expenses,  as specified in Section  3.2(a),  by certified
check or bank draft made payable to the order of such Stockholder.


                                    ARTICLE 4
                              Legended Certificates

         4.1 Legend. Each certificate  representing shares of Series B Preferred
Stock of the Company  issued to the  Stockholders  or of the Common Stock of the
Company  now or  hereafter  owned by the  Founders  or issued  to any  Permitted
Transferee of the  Stockholders  who agrees to be bound by the  restrictions set
forth herein shall be endorsed with the following legend:




30142402.2



                                      E-109









         "THE SALE OR TRANSFER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE
         IS  SUBJECT  TO THE TERMS  AND  CONDITIONS  OF A  CERTAIN  STOCKHOLDERS
         AGREEMENT BY AND BETWEEN THE  STOCKHOLDER,  THE CORPORATION AND CERTAIN
         HOLDERS OF PREFERRED STOCK OF THE CORPORATION. COPIES OF SUCH AGREEMENT
         MAY  BE  OBTAINED  UPON  WRITTEN   REQUEST  TO  THE  SECRETARY  OF  THE
         CORPORATION."

         4.2 Legend  Removal.  The Section 4.1 legend  shall be removed (i) upon
termination  of  this  Agreement  in  accordance  with  its  terms;  or  (ii) in
connection  with a Permitted  Transfer or other sale  permitted by terms hereof;
provided the Company may request an opinion of counsel reasonably  acceptable in
form and  substance to the Company to the effect that the  proposed  transfer is
permitted  pursuant to the terms of this  Article and that the shares  issued to
the  transferee  are not  required to be legended in  accordance  with the terms
hereof.

                                    ARTICLE 5
                            Miscellaneous Provisions

         5.1  Termination.  This Agreement  shall terminate upon the earliest of
(i) the consummation of an underwritten  public offering of the Company's Common
Stock registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  which results in
aggregate net proceeds to the Company of not less than  $20,000,000  at a public
offering price of more than the Minimum Price (as defined in the  Certificate of
Designation,  Preferences  and Rights  dated  January 15,  1997),  appropriately
adjusted to reflect any stock split, stock dividend or  recapitalization  of the
Company from the date of this Agreement; (ii) as to any party, upon the death of
such party; (iii) as to the Stockholders, at such time as the Stockholders cease
to own 50,000  shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock,  50,000  shares of Series B
Preferred  Stock;  or Common Stock  representing  in the aggregate more than ten
percent (10%) of the outstanding  Common Stock of the Company on a fully diluted
basis;  (iv) as to either  Founder,  at such time as said Founder  ceases to own
Common Stock  representing  in the aggregate  more than ten percent (10%) of the
outstanding Common Stock on a fully diluted basis; or (v) upon the expiration of
five years from the date hereof (except in regard to Section 5.9).

         5.2  Notices.  Any notice  required or permitted to be given to a party
pursuant to the  provisions of this  Agreement  shall be in writing and shall be
effective  upon  personal  delivery or upon  deposit in the U.S.  mail,  postage
prepaid and  properly  addressed  to the party to be notified as set forth below
such party's  signature or at such other  address as such party may designate by
ten (10) days' advance written notice to the other parties hereto.




30142402.2



                                      E-110








         5.3 Successors and Assigns.  Except as otherwise set forth herein, this
Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall inure to
the benefit of, and be binding upon,  their respective  successors,  assigns and
legal  representatives.  The participation rights of the Stockholders  hereunder
are only assignable (i) by each of such Stockholders to any partner, shareholder
or affiliate thereof, or (ii) to an assignee or transferee who acquires at least
50,000  shares of Series B Preferred  Stock (or shares of Common Stock  issuable
upon conversion of such Series B Preferred Stock or a combination of such Series
B  Preferred  Stock and Common  Stock).  As used  herein,  an  "affiliate"  of a
Stockholder shall mean any Person who controls, is under common control with, or
is controlled by such Stockholder.

         5.4  Severability.  In the event one or more of the  provisions of this
Agreement  should,   for  any  reason,  be  held  to  be  invalid,   illegal  or
unenforceable in any respect,  such invalidity,  illegality or  unenforceability
shall not affect any other  provisions  of this  Agreement,  and this  Agreement
shall be construed as if such invalid,  illegal or  unenforceable  provision had
never been contained herein.

         5.5  Amendments.  Any amendment or modification of this Agreement shall
be  effective  only  if  evidenced  by a  written  instrument  executed  by duly
authorized  representatives  of the parties hereto. Any waiver by a party of its
rights  hereunder  shall be effective only if evidenced by a written  instrument
executed by a duly authorized  representative of such party, provided,  however,
that  holders  of a  majority  of the  Common  Stock  issued  or  issuable  upon
conversion of the Series B Preferred  Stock may, with the prior written  consent
of the  Founders  and the  Company,  waive,  modify  or amend on  behalf  of all
Stockholders any provisions  hereof. In no event shall such waiver of any rights
hereunder constitute the waiver of such rights in any future instance unless the
waiver so specifies in writing.

         5.6      Governing Law.  This Agreement shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Delaware
without regard to conflict of laws.

         5.7 Other  Obligations  of Company.  The  Company  agrees to inform the
Founders and  Stockholders  of any breach  hereof and to assist the Founders and
Stockholders   in  the  exercise  of  their  rights  and  performance  of  their
obligations under Article 3 hereof.

         5.8 Ownership of Shares.  Each Founder  represents  and warrants,  with
respect to the shares of Common Stock owned by such  Founder,  that such Founder
is the sole legal and beneficial owner of the shares of Common Stock subject to




30142402.2



                                      E-111








this  Agreement  and that no Person has any  interest  (other  than a  community
property interest) in such shares.

         5.9 Voting  Agreement.  (a) From and after the date on which  shares of
Series B Preferred  Stock have been  converted  into shares of Common Stock (the
"Trigger Date") and for so long as the Stockholders own in excess of ten percent
(10%) of the  outstanding  shares of Common Stock on a fully diluted basis,  the
Founders agree to vote all shares of Common Stock owned,  controlled or voted by
each of them in  favor  of  Stockholders'  nominees,  if any,  for the  Board of
Directors.

                  (b) The  Founders  shall not vote any  shares of Common  Stock
owned  or  controlled  by  either  of them to  remove  any of the  Stockholders'
nominees from the Board without the consent of  Stockholders  holding a majority
of the  shares  of  Series B  Preferred  Stock  and  Common  Stock  issued  upon
conversion  of the  Series B  Preferred  Stock  owned  by all such  Stockholders
("Majority  in  Interest").  Any  vacancy  on the  Board  caused  by the  death,
resignation  or removal  of any of the  Stockholders'  nominees  shall be filled
promptly by another  person  nominated  by the Majority in Interest at a special
meeting of the Company's  stockholders held for that purpose. The failure of the
Stockholders  to  exercise  their  rights  under  this  Section  5.9  shall  not
constitute a waiver of their right to exercise such right in the future.





30142402.2



                                      E-112








         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement on the day
and year indicated above.

                                    FOUNDERS:



                                    Robert A. Buschman

                                    Address:         10101 Reunion Place,
                                    Suite 210
                            San Antonio, Texas 78216




                                    Guy Bob Buschman

                                    Address:           10101 Reunion Place,
                                    Suite 210
                            San Antonio, Texas 78216


                                    COMPANY:

                                    RIO GRANDE, INC.


                                    By:
                                    Title:

                                    Address:         10101 Reunion Place
                                                     Union Square, Suite 210
                                                     San Antonio, TX  78216
                                                     Attention:  President






30142402.2



                                      E-113








                                  STOCKHOLDER:

                                  KOCH EXPLORATION COMPANY


                                  By:
                                  Title:

                                  Address:         4111 E. 37th Street North
                                Wichita, KS 67220
                                                   Attention:  Vice President



Consent of Spouse:

         I acknowledge that I have read the foregoing  Agreement and that I know
its  contents,  and I agree to be deemed to be a "Founder"  for  purposes of the
foregoing  Agreement.  I am aware that by its  provisions  if I and/or my spouse
agree to sell all or part of the shares of Common  Stock of the Company  held of
record by either or both of us, including my community property interest in such
shares,  if any,  co-sale rights (as described in the Agreement) must be granted
to the  Stockholders  by the  seller.  I hereby  agree that those  shares and my
interest in them,  if any, are subject to the  provisions  of the  Agreement and
that I will take no action at any time to hinder  operation of, or violate,  the
Agreement.

                          SPOUSE OF ROBERT A. BUSCHMAN:



                                          Name:


                           SPOUSE OF GUY BOB BUSCHMAN:



                                          Cindy Buschman





30142402.2



                                      E-114








1/15/97


                        FIRST AMENDMENT TO LOAN AGREEMENT


         FIRST AMENDMENT TO LOAN AGREEMENT  dated as of January 15, 1997,  among
RIO GRANDE,  INC. and RIO GRANDE  DRILLING  COMPANY,  each having its address at
Union Square,  Suite 210, 10101 Reunion Place,  San Antonio,  Texas 78216- 4156,
referred to herein as the "Borrowers",  and COMERICA BANK - TEXAS, Second Floor,
Thanksgiving Tower, 1601 Elm Street,  Dallas, Texas 75201, referred to herein as
the "Bank".

                                 R E C I T A L S


A.       The Borrowers and the Bank are parties to a Loan Agreement dated as
of March 8, 1996 (the "Original Loan Agreement").

         B. The  indebtedness  of the  Borrowers  to the Bank under the Original
Loan Agreement is presently evidenced by a promissory note made by the Borrowers
payable to the order of the Bank in the original  principal  sum of  $10,000,000
dated as of March 8, 1996 (the "Original Note"). The outstanding  balance of the
Original Note as of this date is $5,050,000.

         C. The obligations of the Borrowers to the Bank under the Original Loan
Agreement  and  the  Original  Note  are  secured  by  interests  in oil and gas
properties  owned by Rio Grande  Drilling  Company  and by Rio Grande  Offshore,
Ltd., an affiliate of the Borrowers.  These properties are located in the states
of  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Oklahoma,  Texas  and  Wyoming,  and these are the
"Mortgaged Properties" under the Original Loan Agreement.

         D. The Borrowers have raised $10,000,000  through the sale of preferred
stock of Rio Grande,  Inc. The  Borrowers  have  requested the Bank increase the
loan  availability  under the  credit  facility  created  by the  Original  Loan
Agreement  to  enable  them  to  borrow  up to an  additional  $12,000,000.  The
Borrowers propose to use portions of the net proceeds from the sale of preferred
stock and the loan  increase  to acquire  from a  consortium  of sellers  acting
through their agent,  Brechtel Energy Corporation,  certain mineral interests in
oil and gas properties located in Allen Parish, Louisiana known as the Righthand
Creek Field.

         E.       The Borrowers have requested that the Bank modify the amount
and terms of payment of the Original Note and extend the maturity date of




30142402.2



                                      E-115








the Original Note and make various amendments to the Original Loan Agreement and
the related Loan Documents (as defined in the Original Loan  Agreement) in order
to consummate this property acquisition. The Bank is agreeable to such requests,
subject to the terms and conditions hereof,  including without  limitation,  the
amendment of the liens against the presently  existing  Mortgaged  Properties to
secure  expressly the modified and increased  indebtedness,  and the mortgage to
the  Bank of the  interests  to be  acquired  in the  Righthand  Creek  Field as
additional collateral, all as hereinafter set forth.

         NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and for other good and
valuable  consideration,  the  receipt,  sufficiency  and  adequacy of which are
hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

         1.0  Definitions.  The defined  terms used  herein  shall have the same
meanings as provided therefor in the Original Loan Agreement, unless the context
hereof  otherwise  requires or  provides.  The term "Loan  Agreement"  means the
Original Loan Agreement as amended by this First Amendment to Loan Agreement and
as the same may  hereafter  be  amended  from  time to time.  In  addition,  the
following terms have the meaning set forth below:

                  "Affidavit of Payment of Trade Bills - New Properties":  See
         Section 5.8.

                  "Effective Date" means January 16, 1997.

                  "First Renewal Note" means that certain  renewal and extension
         promissory note made by the Borrowers  payable to the order of the Bank
         in the original  principal sum of  $50,000,000  dated January 15, 1997,
         and  having a final  maturity  date of  February  1,  2000,  which is a
         renewal and extension of the Original Note.

                  "Maturity Date" means February 1, 2000.

                  "Maximum  Rate" means the higher of the maximum  interest rate
         allowed by  applicable  United States or Texas law as amended from time
         to time and in effect on the date for which a determination of interest
         accrued under the Note is made. The  determination  of the maximum rate
         permitted  by  applicable  Texas  law  shall  be made  pursuant  to the
         indicated  rate  ceiling  as  defined  in  Tex.Rev.Civ.Stat.Ann.   art.
         5069-1.04,  but Bank reserves the right to implement  from time to time
         any other rate ceiling permitted by such law.

                  "Modification Papers" mean this First Amendment to Loan




30142402.2



                                      E-116








         Agreement,  the First Renewal Note,  the New Oil and Gas Mortgage,  the
         New Louisiana  Commercial Security Agreement,  the Property Certificate
         New  Properties,  the  Affidavit  of  Payment  of  Trade  Bills  -  New
         Properties,  the Transfer  Order  Letters - New  Properties,  the UCC-1
         financing   statements,   the  Section  26.02   Notice,   the  Mortgage
         Amendments,  the officer's  certificates  for both Borrowers and of the
         general partner of Offshore,  and all other  documents  executed by the
         Borrowers,  Rio Grande Offshore, Ltd. and their officers and affiliates
         in connection with the  transactions  described in this First Amendment
         to Loan Agreement.

                  "Mortgage Amendments":  See Section 2.0.

                  "New  Louisiana   Commercial  Security  Agreement"  means  the
         security agreement granting the Bank liens against the New Properties.

                  "New Oil and Gas Mortgage" means the Oil and Gas Mortgage
         granting the Bank liens against the New Properties.

                  "New Properties"  mean those Oil and Gas Properties  listed on
         Schedule  V  attached  hereto  which  are the  properties  known as the
         Righthand  Creek Field  located in Allen Parish,  Louisiana,  which are
         being acquired from a consortium of sellers acting through their agent,
         Brechtel Energy Corporation.

                  "Offshore"  means Rio Grande  Offshore,  Ltd., a Texas limited
         partnership which is 100% owned or controlled,  directly or indirectly,
         by the Borrowers.

                  "Original Loan Agreement":  see Recital A.

                  "Original Note":  see Recital B.

                  "Preferred Stock Designation  Certificate"  means that certain
         document  captioned  "Certificate  of Designation  of  Preferences  and
         Rights of Series A Preferred Stock,  Series B Preferred Stock, Series C
         Preferred Stock of Rio Grande, Inc." dated as of January 15, 1997.

                  "Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement" means that certain
         Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement between Rio Grande, Inc. and Koch
         Exploration Company dated as of January 16, 1997, as amended.

                  "Permitted Commodity Swap Transaction":  See Section 5.0.




30142402.2



                                      E-117








         2.0 Renewal and Extension of Original Note and Addition of  Collateral.
The  Borrowers  shall pay the Bank all accrued  interest on the Original Note to
the Effective Date. Then, the outstanding principal balance of the Original Note
on the Effective  Date,  which is $5,050,000,  shall be renewed and extended and
shall be  evidenced  by the First  Renewal  Note.  The First  Renewal  Note will
continue to be secured by all of the collateral  presently securing the Original
Note,  including without limitation,  the Mortgaged  Properties described in the
Original  Loan  Agreement  and  the  Oil and Gas  Mortgages  (other  than  those
Mortgaged  Properties which have  subsequently been released with the consent of
the Bank),  and pursuant  thereto,  each of such presently  existing Oil and Gas
Mortgages  shall be amended to secure  expressly the First Renewal Note pursuant
to the terms of mortgage  amendments (the "Mortgage  Amendments") which shall be
satisfactory in form and substance to the Bank. In addition, as further security
for the  indebtedness  evidenced by the First Renewal Note, the Borrowers  shall
mortgage,  and shall cause  Offshore to mortgage,  to the Bank their  respective
Mineral Interests in the New Properties pursuant to the terms of the New Oil and
Gas  Mortgage.  The  provisions  of the New Oil and Gas Mortgage to the contrary
notwithstanding,  Offshore  need not  comply  with the  covenants  contained  in
Sections  1.3,  1.4, 1.5 and 1.6(a) of the New Oil and Gas Mortgage with respect
to that portion of the New Properties known as the Ballard Unit U WX RB SUA (the
"Ballard  Unit"),  until such time as the Ballard Unit has been included  within
the Borrowing Base.

         3.0  Borrowing  Base  Matters.  The parties agree that on the Effective
Date the Borrowing Base shall be $17,050,000. The parties further agree that the
next scheduled Determination Date shall be February 1, 1998. The parties further
agree to modify and  increase  the  "Monthly  Reduction  Amount" as set forth in
Section 7.0 hereof.

         4.0 Uses of Proceeds.  As the result of the  increase of the  Borrowing
Base to $17,050,000, an additional $12,000,000 of new funds is now available for
Loans under the Loan Agreement. In addition to the uses of proceeds specified in
Section 2.2 of the Original Loan Agreement,  proceeds of Loans (a) shall be used
to refinance the existing indebtedness of the Borrowers to the Bank evidenced by
the Original Note and to complete the acquisition of the New Properties, and (b)
may be used to repay the  obligations  of the Borrowers  under the Note Purchase
Agreement and for capital expenditures in connection with the development of oil
and gas properties.

         5.0  Permitted   Commodity  Swap  Transactions.   The  term  "Permitted
Commodity  Swap   Transaction"   means  a  commodity  swap  protection   pricing




30142402.2



                                      E-118








arrangement  entered into by either  Borrower in the ordinary course of business
which  meets both volume and pricing  parameters  determined  by the Bank in its
sole discretion in accordance with then-current practices,  customary procedures
and  standards  used  by  the  Bank  for  its  petroleum   industry   customers,
consistently  applied  with respect to petroleum  industry  customers  similarly
situated.  Simultaneously with the determination of the Borrowing Base under the
Original Loan Agreement,  the Bank will establish volume and pricing  parameters
for all Permitted  Commodity Swap  Transactions in the aggregate,  each of which
(a) shall be established  for a thirty-six  (36) month period  commencing on the
"as of" date  utilized  in the  Bank's  engineering  with  each  Borrowing  Base
redetermination,  and (b)  shall  remain  in  effect  until  the  next  time the
Borrowing Base is redetermined. Redetermined volume and pricing parameters shall
be effective for all Permitted  Commodity Swap  Transactions  entered into after
the date of redetermination,  but the Borrowers shall not be required to redeem,
cover or cancel any then-existing Permitted Commodity Swap Transaction which met
the  applicable  standards  in  effect  at the time it was  initially  executed.
Initially,  the Bank establishes the aggregate volume and pricing parameters for
crude oil hedging for the thirty-six (36) month period  transactions  commencing
November 1, 1996, as are set forth on Exhibit E attached hereto.

         6.0 Conditions  Precedent.  The transactions  contemplated by the First
Amendment to Loan Agreement  shall be deemed to be effective as of the Effective
Date, when the following  conditions have been complied with to the satisfaction
of the Bank, unless waived in writing by the Bank:

                  6.1 Loan  Origination  Fee. The Borrowers  shall have paid the
         Bank a loan origination fee of $75,000.

                  6.2  Effectiveness  of  Modification   Papers.   Each  of  the
         Modification Papers shall be in full force and effect.

                  6.3  Payment  of  Accrued   Interest  on  Original  Note.  The
         Borrowers shall have paid the Bank the accrued interest on the Original
         Note to the Effective Date.

                  6.4 Closing of  Transactions  Under  Preferred  Stock Purchase
         Agreement.  The Borrowers shall have delivered evidence satisfactory to
         the Bank of the closing of the transactions  described in the Preferred
         Stock  Purchase  Agreement  and the payment to Rio Grande,  Inc. of the
         Purchase Price, as defined therein.

                  6.5 Payment of  Subordinated  Debt.  The Borrowers  shall have
         made  arrangements  for the prompt payment in a manner  satisfactory to
         the Bank of all obligations owed under the Note Purchase Agreement.





30142402.2



                                      E-119








                  6.6 Property Certificates.  The Borrowers shall have delivered
         to the Bank one or more Property  Certificates  for the New  Properties
         (each a "Property Certificate - New Properties"), which shall be in the
         form of Exhibit "C" attached to the Original Loan Agreement  containing
         the information as provided therein.

                  6.7  Transfer   Order  Letters.   The  Borrowers   shall  have
         delivered,  and shall have caused Offshore to deliver,  to the Bank one
         or more Transfer Order Letters for each of the New  Properties  (each a
         "Transfer Order Letter - New  Properties"),  which shall be in the form
         of Exhibit "D" attached to the Original Loan  Agreement  containing the
         information as provided therein.

                  6.8 Affidavit of Payment of Trade Bills.  The Borrowers  shall
         have delivered,  and shall have caused Offshore to deliver, to the Bank
         an  affidavit  (each an  "Affidavit  of  Payment  of Trade  Bills - New
         Properties")  which shall be substantially in the form of the Affidavit
         of Payment of Trade  Bills  delivered  pursuant  to the  Original  Loan
         Agreement containing the certifications as provided therein for the New
         Properties.

                  6.9 Title  Opinions.  The  Borrowers  shall have  caused to be
         delivered to the Bank one or more  current  favorable  title  opinions,
         addressed  to the Bank upon which the Bank may rely with respect to the
         New  Properties  to be  acquired  with the  proceeds  of the Loan to be
         funded upon the  occurrence of the Effective  Date.  Each title opinion
         shall opine as to such matters  incident to such New  Properties as the
         Bank may reasonably request including the following:

                           (a)  Offshore  has good and  defensible  title to all
                  such New Properties to the extent of its Mineral  Interests as
                  specified   therein,   free  and   clear  of  all   liens  and
                  encumbrances.

                           (b)  Offshore is entitled  to receive,  after  giving
                  effect  to  all  royalties,  overriding  royalties  and  other
                  burdens  payable  out of  production,  a decimal  share of all
                  hydrocarbons produced and sold from such New Properties before
                  and after payout, as set forth in the opinion.

                           (c)  Offshore's   operating   interest  in  such  New
                  Properties  is not  obligated  to bear a decimal  share of all
                  costs and  expenses  from the  operation  thereof in excess of
                  that set forth in the opinion, before and after payout.




30142402.2



                                      E-120








                  6.10 Cleanup of Certain Matters Relating to Acquisition  Title
         Opinion.  The legal issues raised in Requirement No. 1, Requirement No.
         10(6) and Requirement No. 11 of that certain  Acquisition Title Opinion
         for the properties  known as the  Reservoirwide  Unit U WX RD SU of the
         Righthand  Creek Field  prepared by Michael C. McKeough  dated December
         23, 1996,  have been complied  with or otherwise  addressed in a manner
         acceptable to the Bank.

                  6.11 Credit  Opinion.  There shall have been  delivered to the
         Bank a favorable  opinion of Borrowers'  counsel  covering such matters
         incident to the Loan to be funded upon the  occurrence of the Effective
         Date as the Bank may reasonably request.

                  6.12  Borrowing  Request.  The Borrowers  shall have given the
         Bank a Borrowing Request appropriately completed in compliance with the
         requirements of the Loan Agreement.

                  6.13 Release of Prior Lien. There shall have been delivered to
         the Bank a release  acceptable to the Bank  executed by First  National
         Bank of Commerce of New Orleans, Louisiana,  releasing such bank's lien
         against New Properties.

                  6.14 Finder's Fees. The Borrowers shall have made arrangements
         satisfactory  to the Bank for the payment in full all finder's fees and
         brokerage  commissions,  if  any,  relating  to  the  issuance  of  the
         preferred  stock of Rio Grande,  Inc.,  and the  acquisition of the New
         Properties.

                  6.15 Section  26.02 Notice.  The Borrowers and Offshore  shall
         have executed a Section 26.02 Notice.

                  6.16  Documentation and Proceedings.  The Borrowers shall have
         delivered  resolutions  of their board of directors,  and the Borrowers
         shall have caused Offshore to deliver appropriate evidence of authority
         of its general partner acting on behalf of Offshore,  authorizing their
         execution,  delivery and performance of the  Modification  Documents to
         which they are parties.

                  6.17  Additional  Documents.  Each Borrower and Offshore shall
         have executed and delivered to the Bank such  additional  documents and
         certificates  with  respect to the  transactions  contemplated  by this
         First  Amendment to Loan  Agreement  as the Bank shall have  reasonably
         requested.

                  6.18 Required Acts and Conditions. All acts, conditions and




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         things required to be done and performed and to have happened precedent
         to the  consummation  of the  transactions  contemplated  by this First
         Amendment  to  Loan  Agreement  and to the  continued  performance  and
         effectiveness of each of the  Modification  Papers shall have been done
         and  performed  and shall  have  happened  in due  compliance  with all
         applicable laws.

                  6.19 No Default.  There shall exist no event of default  under
         the Original Loan Agreement, and there shall exist no condition,  event
         or act  which,  with the  giving of  notice or lapse of time,  or both,
         would constitute an event of default under the Original Loan Agreement.

                  6.20  Expenses.  The Borrowers  shall have paid all reasonable
         expenses of the Bank in connection with the  transactions  contemplated
         by the  Modification  Papers  including but not limited to  engineering
         fees  incurred  by the Bank and fees and  expenses  of counsel  for the
         Bank.

         7.0 Amendments to Original Loan Agreement.  When the obligations of the
parties  become  effective as provided in Section 6.0 hereof,  the Original Loan
Agreement shall be deemed to be amended as follows:

                  (a) The lead in to the  definitions  contained  in Section 1.0
         shall be amended to read in its entirety as follows:

                           "1.0 Definitions.  Certain definitions concerning the
                  interest  rate  provisions  are set forth on  Schedule  VI. In
                  addition,  the  following  terms shall have the  meanings  set
                  forth with respect thereto:"

                  (b)      The definition of "Monthly Reduction Amount" shall be
         amended to read in its entirety as follows:

                           "'Monthly  Reduction Amount' means $333,000 per month
                  commencing April 1, 1997 and continuing  through and including
                  December 1, 1998 (subject to adjustment as provided in Section
                  3.5  hereof),  and  thereafter  in the amount of $333,000  per
                  month  unless or until  adjusted  as  provided  in Section 3.5
                  hereof.

                  (c) The figure  "$10,000,000"  on the fourth line of the first
         sentence of Section 2.1 shall be amended to be "$50,000,000".

                  (d)      Section 2.2 shall be amended by adding the following
         clauses at the end thereof:




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                           ". . ., and (d) to  refinance  existing  indebtedness
                  owed to Bank, and (e) to repay obligations owed under the Note
                  Purchase  Agreement,  and  (f)  for  capital  expenditures  in
                  connection with the development of oil and gas properties."

                  (e)  Section  2.3 shall be amended to read in its  entirety as
         follows:

                           "2.3 Promissory  Note. The obligation of Borrowers to
                  repay the aggregate  principal  balance of all Loans hereunder
                  outstanding  at any one time (the  'Principal  Debt'  shall be
                  evidenced by a Promissory Note (the 'Note') which shall (a) be
                  dated  January  15,  1997,  (b) be  payable  on or before  the
                  Maturity Date for the amount of $50,000,000,  or the Principal
                  Debt then  outstanding,  whichever is less,  (c) bear interest
                  from the date thereof  until paid at the interest  rate and be
                  payable in the  manner as is  hereinafter  set  forth,  (d) be
                  entitled  to  the  benefits  of the  Loan  Agreement  and  the
                  security  provided  for in the Loan  Agreement,  and (e) be in
                  such  form as is  acceptable  to the Bank.  The Note  shall be
                  given in substitution  for and in renewal and extension of the
                  Original  Note with the effect that  $5,050,000,  which is the
                  unpaid  balance of the  Original  Note as of this date,  shall
                  become  part of the  principal  balance of the Note.  The Note
                  shall be given in substitution and in renewal and extension of
                  that certain  promissory note made by Borrowers payable to the
                  order of Bank in the  Original  Principal  Sum of  $10,000,000
                  dated  March 8, 1996 (the  'Original  Note'),  with the effect
                  that  $5,050,000  which is the unpaid  balance of the Original
                  Note as of  this  date,  shall  become  part of the  principal
                  balance of the Note."

                  (f)      "2.4     INTENTIONALLY OMITTED"

                  (g) The figure  "$10,000,000 in the second sentence of Section
         2.6 shall be amended to be "$50,000,000".

                  (h) New Sections 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 2.10,  2.11,  2.12, 2.13, 2.14
         and 2.15 shall be added which read in their entirety as follows:

                           "2.7  Procedure  for  Borrowing.  Whenever  Borrowers
                  desire a Loan  hereunder,  Borrowers shall give Bank notice in
                  the form of Exhibit A attached hereto  specifying (a) the date
                  (which shall be a Business Day in the case of a Prime Rate





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                  Loan or a Eurodollar  Business Day in the case of a Eurodollar
                  Loan)  of  the  proposed  borrowing,  (b)  the  amount  to  be
                  borrowed,  (c) the  portion of the  borrowing  constituting  a
                  Prime Rate Loan and/or a Eurodollar Loan (which may only be in
                  Incremental Portions),  and (d) if any portion of the proposed
                  borrowing   constitutes   a  Eurodollar   Loan,   the  initial
                  Eurodollar Interest Period selected by Borrowers (thirty days,
                  sixty days,  ninety days, or one hundred  eighty  days).  Such
                  notice shall be given by 10 a.m.  (Dallas,  Texas time) on the
                  date of the  proposed  borrowing  in the case of a Prime  Rate
                  Loan,  and by 10 a.m.  (Dallas,  Texas time) two (2)  Business
                  Days prior to the date of the  proposed  borrowing in the case
                  of a  Eurodollar  Loan.  The  notice  required  may  be  given
                  telephonically  by  Borrowers  to Bank,  but upon  giving such
                  telephonic  notice  Borrowers  shall  immediately   thereafter
                  provide  Bank  with the  written  notice  attached  hereto  as
                  Exhibit A. All notices  given under this  Section 2.7 shall be
                  irrevocable.  Not later than 2:00 p.m. (Dallas, Texas time) on
                  the date of the proposed borrowing and upon fulfillment of all
                  other  conditions  required by this Agreement,  Bank will make
                  such Loan  available  to  Borrowers  by  crediting  the amount
                  thereof  to   Borrowers'   account   with  Bank  or  otherwise
                  disbursing it as Borrowers shall request in writing.  No Loans
                  may be obtained after the Maturity Date.

                           2.8  Interest  Rate  Options For Loans.  The interest
                  rate options available  hereunder for Loans shall be for Prime
                  Rate  Loans  and for  Eurodollar  Loans.  No more than two (2)
                  different Eurodollar Loans may be outstanding at any one time.

                           2.9 Prime Rate Loans. Borrowers agree to pay interest
                  (calculated  on the basis of the actual days elapsed in a year
                  consisting  of 365 days) with respect to the unpaid  principal
                  amount of each  Prime  Rate  Loan  from the date the  proceeds
                  thereof  are  made  available  to  Borrowers   until  maturity
                  (whether by  acceleration  or otherwise) at a varying rate per
                  annum equal to the lesser of (i) the Maximum  Rate or (ii) the
                  Prime Rate plus 1/2 percent (.50%) per annum.  The interest in
                  respect  of each  Prime Rate Loan shall be payable on the last
                  day of each Prime Rate Interest  Period.  Each Prime Rate Loan
                  may be  prepaid  in whole or in part at any time and from time
                  to time without premium or penalty.





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                           2.10  Eurodollar   Loans.   Borrowers  agree  to  pay
                  interest  (calculated on the basis of actual days elapsed in a
                  year  consisting  of 360  days)  with  respect  to the  unpaid
                  principal  amount  of each  Eurodollar  Loan from the date the
                  proceeds   thereof  are  made  available  to  Borrowers  until
                  maturity  (whether by acceleration or otherwise) at a rate per
                  annum equal to the lesser of (i) the Maximum  Rate or (ii) the
                  Eurodollar Rate applicable to such Eurodollar Loan. Subject to
                  the provisions of this  Agreement as to  prepayment,  interest
                  with respect to each  Eurodollar  Loan shall be payable on the
                  last day of each Eurodollar  Interest  Period.  Subject to the
                  provisions of this Agreement as to  prepayment,  the principal
                  of each  Eurodollar  Loan shall be due and payable on the last
                  day of each applicable  Eurodollar  Interest Period and may be
                  paid or renewed or shall automatically be converted to a Prime
                  Rate Loan on the last day of such  Eurodollar  Interest Period
                  as  hereinafter  provided.  If  Borrowers  are not in  default
                  hereunder  and  desire to renew such  Eurodollar  Loan and the
                  amount thereof is at least an Incremental  Portion,  Borrowers
                  shall  deliver  the notice  required in Section 2.7 hereof and
                  designate  whether the Eurodollar  Interest Period to commence
                  on the expiration date of the prior Eurodollar Interest Period
                  shall be a thirty  day,  sixty day,  ninety day or one hundred
                  eighty day period. If Bank has not received timely permissible
                  notice of designation of such  Eurodollar  Interest  Period as
                  herein provided,  Borrowers shall be deemed to have elected to
                  convert such maturing Eurodollar Loan to a Prime Rate Loan.

                           2.11   Interest   Rate   Determination.   Bank  shall
                  determine  each interest rate  applicable  hereunder and shall
                  give prompt  notice to  Borrowers  of each rate of interest so
                  determined.

                           2.12   Conversion   Option:   Prime   Rate  Loans  to
                  Eurodollar  Loans.  Borrowers may convert its Prime Rate Loans
                  to Eurodollar Loans by giving Bank irrevocable  written notice
                  of such  election at least two (2)  Eurodollar  Business  Days
                  prior  to  the  proposed   conversion   date.  The  notice  of
                  conversion  to a Eurodollar  Loan shall include (1) the amount
                  of  the  Prime  Rate  Loan  to be  converted  (which  must  be
                  converted in  Incremental  Portions),  and (2) the duration of
                  the Eurodollar  Interest Period selected  (thirty days,  sixty
                  days,  ninety days or one hundred  eighty days).  If Borrowers





30142402.2



                                      E-125








                  are not in default hereunder, such conversion shall be made on
                  the requested conversion date or, if such requested conversion
                  date is not a Eurodollar  Business Day, on the next succeeding
                  Eurodollar  Business  Day,  but if  Borrowers  are in  default
                  hereunder, no conversion may occur.

                           2.13  Conversion  Option:  Eurodollar  Loans to Prime
                  Rate  Loans.  Borrowers  may  convert  all or any  part of its
                  Eurodollar   Loans  to  Prime  Rate   Loans  by  giving   Bank
                  irrevocable  written  notice of such election prior to 10 a.m.
                  (Dallas,   Texas  time)  on  the  conversion   date,  if  such
                  conversion  date  is the  last  day of a  Eurodollar  Interest
                  Period with respect  thereto,  or at least two (2)  Eurodollar
                  Business Days prior written notice if the conversion date is a
                  day other than the last day of the Eurodollar  Interest Period
                  with respect  thereto.  Such  conversion  shall be made on the
                  requested  conversion  date or, if such  requested  conversion
                  date is not a Business  Day, on the next  succeeding  Business
                  Day. A conversion of a Eurodollar Loan to a Prime Rate Loan on
                  a day  other  than  the last  day of the  Eurodollar  Interest
                  Period for the Eurodollar Loan in question shall  constitute a
                  prepayment  which may require the payment of the  breakage fee
                  described in Section 6 of Schedule VII  attached  hereto.  All
                  conversion notices given hereunder shall be irrevocable.

                           2.14  Prepayment  of Loans.  (a) Borrowers may at any
                  time and from time to time  prepay  any Prime  Rate  Loan,  in
                  whole or in part,  and (b)  Borrowers may at any time and from
                  time to time prepay any  Eurodollar  Loan in whole or in part,
                  provided  that  Borrowers  first  comply  with the  conditions
                  hereinafter set forth.  Borrowers shall give Bank at least two
                  (2)  Eurodollar  Business Days prior written notice of (i) its
                  intent to prepay,  (ii) the amount of principal  which will be
                  prepaid,  and (iii) the date on which the  prepayment  will be
                  made.  Each prepayment of principal of a Eurodollar Loan shall
                  be in a minimum amount of $100,000 (or the aggregate principal
                  amount outstanding,  if less) and in increments of $100,000 in
                  excess thereof (unless the prepayment  retires the outstanding
                  principal  balance of the Note in full) plus accrued  interest
                  thereon  to the  date of  prepayment.  Borrowers  may  also be
                  required to pay Bank the breakage  fee  described in Section 6
                  of Schedule VII attached hereto because such payment of a




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                  Eurodollar  Loan is made on a date  other than the last day of
                  the applicable Eurodollar Interest Period.

                           2.15  Schedule VI.  Reference is made to Schedule VII
                  attached hereto for special provisions  relating to Eurodollar
                  Loans."

                  (i) The phrase  "1/2 of one  percent  (.50%) per annum" on the
         third line of Section 2.6 shall be changed to the phrase "3/8ths of one
         percent (.375%) per annum".

                  (j)  Sections  3.1 and 3.2 shall be  amended  to read in their
         entirety as follows:

                           "3.1 Periodic  Determinations  of Borrowing Base. The
                  Borrowing Base shall be  redetermined by Bank as of February 1
                  and August 1 of each year (each a 'Determination Date'), until
                  maturity. The Borrowing Base, as redetermined, shall remain in
                  effect until the next  Determination  Date,  provided that the
                  Borrowing Base may be redetermined between Determination Dates
                  in accordance with Section 3.3 hereof.

                           3.2   Engineering   Data  to  be  Provided  Prior  to
                  Scheduled  Determination  Dates. (a) On or before January 1 of
                  each year for the Determination  Date of February 1, Borrowers
                  shall  deliver  to Bank  such  information,  reports  and data
                  pertaining to the Mineral Interests of Grantor in all of their
                  oil and gas properties,  which may include all or a portion of
                  the information and engineering  data contained in the Reserve
                  Report, as Bank may reasonably request. Such information shall
                  be updated and  supplemented  from that  contained in the most
                  recent  Reserve  Report  furnished  to Bank.  Bank  shall then
                  determine  the  Borrowing   Base  for  the  six  month  period
                  beginning February 1.

                           (b)  On  or  before  July  1 of  each  year  for  the
                  Determination  Date of August 1,  Borrowers  shall  deliver to
                  Bank a Reserve  Report and the other data specified in Section
                  6.4 hereof together with updated and supplemented  information
                  and engineering data as is reasonably  necessary to bring such
                  Reserve  Report   current.   Bank  shall  then  determine  the
                  Borrowing Base for the six month period commencing August 1."





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                  (k) The figure  "$10,000,000"  on the  second  line of Section
         7.10 shall be amended to be "$50,000,000".

                  (l)  Section  7.7 shall be amended to read in its  entirety as
         follows:

                           "7.7  Dividends  and  Distributions.   (a)  Make  any
                  distribution (other than dividends payable in capital stock of
                  Borrowers)  on any shares of any class of their  capital stock
                  or apply any of their  property  or  assets  to the  purchase,
                  redemption  or other  retirement of any shares of any class of
                  capital stock of Borrowers;  provided however, unless an event
                  of default has occurred and is continuing,  Borrowers may make
                  dividend  payments  to the holders of  preferred  stock of Rio
                  Grande,  Inc.  pursuant  to the terms of the  Preferred  Stock
                  Designation  Certificate;  and (b) permit Rio Grande  GulfMex,
                  Ltd. to make any  distribution  (other than a distribution  to
                  its  partners  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business  and in
                  accordance with the respective  partnership  interests of such
                  partners)  on any  partnership  interest  or apply  any of its
                  property  or  assets  to the  purchase,  redemption  or  other
                  retirement of any partnership interest."

                  (m)  Section  7.9 shall be amended to read in its  entirety as
         follows:

                           "7.9  INTENTIONALLY OMITTED"

                  (n) The first  sentence  of  Section  7.12 shall be amended to
         read in its entirety as follows:

                           "Permit  the change of control of Rio  Grande,  Inc.,
                  except as the result of actions taken pursuant to the terms of
                  the Preferred Stock Designation Certificate."

                  (o) Section  7.13 shall be amended to read in its  entirety as
         follows:

                           "7.13 Change in Management. Permit Guy R. Buschman to
                  cease  being the  President  and Chief  Executive  Officer  of
                  Borrowers,  except as the result of actions taken  pursuant to
                  the Preferred Stock Designation Certificate;  provided that if
                  Guy R.  Buschman  is  disabled  and thus unable to perform his




30142402.2



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                  duties as President of Borrowers,  then  Borrowers  shall have
                  sixty (60) days within with to appoint a president  acceptable
                  to Bank.  'Disabled' as used in the preceding  sentence  means
                  if, for physical or mental reasons,  Guy R. Buschman is unable
                  to perform his duties as President of Borrowers for sixty (60)
                  consecutive  days or one hundred  twenty (120) days during any
                  12-month period."

                  (p)      A new Section 7.19 shall be added which reads in its
         entirety as follows:

                           "7.19 No  Amendment of  Preferred  Stock  Designation
                  Certificate or Preferred Stock Purchase  Agreement.  Modify or
                  amend  the  terms  and  provisions  of  the  Preferred   Stock
                  Designation   Certificate  or  the  Preferred  Stock  Purchase
                  Agreement."

                  (q)      A new Section 7.20 shall be added which reads in its
         entirety as follows:

                           "7.20  No  Commodity   Swap   Protection  or  Hedging
                  Arrangements. Enter into any commodity swap protection hedging
                  arrangement except for Permitted Commodity Swap Transactions."

                  (r)  Section  9.5 shall be amended to read in its  entirety as
         follows:

                           "9.5 Default in Other Debt. An event of default shall
                  occur under the provisions of any  instrument  (other than the
                  Loan  Documents  and the Note Purchase  Agreement)  evidencing
                  indebtedness  of  Borrowers  or the  other  Grantors  for  the
                  payment of borrowed money or of any agreement relating thereto
                  (the  effect of which is to permit  the  holder or  holders of
                  such  instrument to cause the  indebtedness  evidenced by such
                  instrument  to  become  due  prior  to its  stated  maturity),
                  provided  Borrowers  may  default in  indebtedness  secured by
                  purchase-money  security interests so long as the total amount
                  of such indebtedness in default does not exceed $50,000 in the
                  aggregate.

                  (s)  The  Borrowing  Request  attached  as  Exhibit  A to  the
         Original Loan  Agreement  shall be replaced with the Borrowing  Request
         attached as Exhibit A to this First Amendment to Loan Agreement.




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                                      E-129








         8.0 Certain  References.  All references in the Original Loan Agreement
and in the Loan  Documents to the Note shall mean the First  Renewal  Note.  All
references in the original Loan Agreement and in the Loan Documents to the "Loan
Agreement"  shall mean the  Original  Loan  Agreement,  as amended by this First
Amendment  to Loan  Agreement,  and as the same may  hereafter  be modified  and
amended from time to time.

         9.0  Representations  and Warranties.  To induce the Bank to enter into
this First Amendment to Loan Agreement, each Borrower represents and warrants as
follows (which  representations  and warranties  shall survive the execution and
delivery hereof):

                  9.1 Authority and  Compliance.  The Borrowers  have full power
         and authority to execute,  deliver and perform the Modification  Papers
         to which they are  parties  and to incur and  perform  the  obligations
         provided for therein.  The other Grantors have full power and authority
         to execute,  deliver and perform the Modification  Papers to which they
         are  parties  and to incur and perform  the  obligations  provided  for
         therein.  No consent or approval of any public authority or other third
         party is required as a condition to the validity or  performance of any
         Modification  Papers,  and the Grantors are in compliance with all laws
         and  regulatory  requirements  to which the Grantors are subject except
         for those laws and regulations the  non-compliance  with which does not
         create a  possibility  of  adversely  affecting  either  the  financial
         condition  of the  Grantors or any of their  Mineral  Interests  in the
         Mortgaged Properties.

                  9.2 Binding Agreement.  This First Amendment to Loan Agreement
         and the other  Modification  Papers  executed by the  Borrowers and the
         other Grantors  constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the
         Borrowers  and  the  other  Grantors,   respectively,   enforceable  in
         accordance with their terms except to the extent that such  enforcement
         may be limited by applicable bankruptcy,  insolvency,  or other similar
         laws affecting creditors' rights generally.

                  9.3 No  Conflicting  Agreements.  There is no charter,  bylaw,
         stock provision,  partnership agreement or other document pertaining to
         the power of  authority  of any of the Grantors and no provision of any
         existing agreement, mortgage, indenture or contract binding upon any of
         the Grantors or affecting  any  property of the  Grantors,  which would
         conflict  with  or in any  way  prevent  the  execution,  delivery  and
         carrying  out of the terms and  provisions  of this First  Amendment to
         Loan Agreement and the other Modification Papers.

                  9.4 No Liens. Offshore has good and defensible title to, and




30142402.2



                                      E-130








         is the beneficial owner of, all Mineral Interests in and to the oil and
         gas leases which comprise the Mortgaged Properties described in the New
         Oil and Gas Mortgage.  None of the Mineral Interests of Offshore in and
         to the oil and gas  leases  which  comprise  the  Mortgaged  Properties
         described  in the New Oil and Gas  Mortgage are subject to any security
         interest,  mortgage,  deed of trust,  pledge,  lien or title  retention
         document of any character  except liens permitted by Section 7.4 of the
         Original Loan Agreement.

                  9.5 New Properties Same As Properties  Engineered.  All of the
         New  Properties  described  in and covered by the  engineering  reports
         which have been previously  delivered to and relied upon by the Bank in
         connection  with this First Amendment to Loan Agreement are part of the
         properties  mortgaged  to the  Bank  pursuant  to the  New  Oil and Gas
         Mortgage.

                  9.6 Certain Representations Under Original Loan Agreement. All
         representations and warranties  contained in Sections 8.3, 8.6, 8.8 and
         8.9 are true and correct in all material respects (the  representations
         made in  Sections  8.6 and 8.8 are made with  respect  to facts as they
         exist as of the Effective Date).

         10.0 Supplemental  Title Opinion Post Closing.  Within ninety (90) days
after the Effective  date, the Borrowers shall cause to be delivered to the Bank
one or more current  favorable  title Opinions  addressed to the Bank upon which
the Bank may rely with respect to the New Properties which are acceptable to the
Bank confirming (a) the title and  information  described in Section 6.9 hereof,
and (b) there are no liens or  encumbrances  against  the Mineral  Interests  of
Offshore in such New Properties other than those in favor of the Bank.

         11.0  Confirmation of Relationship of Liabilities Under Swap Agreements
to Certain  Negative  Covenants.  The parties agree that obligations owed by the
Borrowers in respect of Permitted Commodity Swap Transactions will not be deemed
to be transactions in compassed  within the scope of (a) the negative  covenants
set forth in Sections 7.5, 7.6 and 7.11 of the Original Loan Agreement,  and (b)
Section  7.4 of the  Original  Loan  Agreement,  if (i) no  security is required
unless the amount of credit exposure to the Borrowers exceeds $500,000, and (ii)
the security given by the Borrowers is limited to cash and cash equivalents.

         12.0 Compliance with Terms of Issuance of Preferred  Stock. The parties
hereby confirm that the execution of and performance by Rio Grande,  Inc. of its
duties and obligations under the Preferred Stock Designation Certificate and the




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                                      E-131








Preferred  Stock Purchase  Agreement shall not be deemed to be prohibited by any
of the terms and provisions of the Original Loan  Agreement,  as amended by this
First Amendment to Loan Agreement.

         13.0  Approval of Right of First Refusal of Sale of Production to Koch.
The Borrowers  have requested that the Bank consent to their granting of a right
of first refusal to Koch  Exploration  Company or any of its affiliates  (any of
them  being  referred  to herein as "Koch")  with  respect  to the  purchase  of
production from all or a portion of the Mortgaged  Properties.  Bank consents to
such right of first refusal  provided that (a) the purchase  price to be paid by
Koch is not less than the  maximum  purchase  price  which Koch pays  others for
comparable  production  purchased  by Koch in the same  area or the  best  price
otherwise  available  under  competitive  marketing  arrangements,  and (b) Koch
grants Borrowers and Bank the right to audit Koch's books and records to confirm
that the price  being paid by Koch is not less than the maximum  purchase  price
which Koch pays others for  comparable  production  in the same area or the best
price otherwise available under competitive marketing arrangements.

         14.0 No Further Amendments.  Except as previously amended in writing or
as amended hereby,  the Original Loan Agreement  shall remain  unchanged and all
provisions  shall remain fully effective  between the parties during the term of
this First Amendment to Loan Agreement.

         15.0 Limitation on Agreements.  The agreements and amendments set forth
herein are  limited  precisely  as  written  and shall not be deemed (a) to be a
waiver or waivers of or a consent or a consents to or an  amendment of any other
term or condition in the Original Loan Agreement,  or (b) to prejudice any right
or  rights  which  the  Bank  now has or may  have  in the  future  under  or in
connection  with the Original Loan Agreement or any of the Loan Documents or any
of the other  documents  referred  to  therein.  This  First  Amendment  to Loan
Agreement  together with all of the other  Modification  Papers shall constitute
Loan Documents for all purposes.

         16.0     Joint and Several Liability.  The liability of the Borrowers
hereunder shall be joint and several in all respects.

         17.0 Section 26.02 Notice. THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT, TOGETHER WITH ALL OF
THE OTHER MODIFICATION PAPERS AND LOAN DOCUMENTS, REPRESENTS THE FINAL AGREEMENT
AMONG THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS
OR SUBSEQUENT  ORAL  AGREEMENTS  AMONG THE PARTIES.  THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL
AGREEMENTS AMONG THE PARTIES.  This First Amendment to Loan Agreement,  together
with the other  Modification  Papers  and Loan  Documents,  embodies  the entire
agreement  between  the  parties,   and  supersedes  all  prior  agreements  and
understandings relating to the subject matter hereof.




30142402.2



                                      E-132








         IN  WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the  parties  hereto  have  executed  this First
Amendment to Loan  Agreement to be effective  for all purposes as of January 16,
1997, upon compliance with the provisions of Section 6.0 hereof.

                                RIO GRANDE, INC.



                                                 By
                                                     Guy R. Buschman
                                    President



                                                  RIO GRANDE DRILLING COMPANY



                                                  By
                                                      Guy R. Buschman
                                    President

                                                   COMERICA BANK - TEXAS



                                                   By
                                                       Terry O. McCarter
                                                       Vice President






30142402.2



                                      E-133








                 SCHEDULES TO FIRST AMENDMENT TO LOAN AGREEMENT

V.........................List of New Properties...................ss.1.0

VI...................Interest Rate Pricing Definitions.............ss.7.0(a)

VII............Special Provisions Relating to Eurodollar Loans.....ss.7.0(h)

                  EXHIBITS TO FIRST AMENDMENT TO LOAN AGREEMENT


A...........................Borrowing Request......................ss.7.0(s)

F.............Parameters for Permitted Commodity Swap Transactions
                       for 36 Month Period Commencing 11/1/96......ss.5.0




30142402.2



                                      E-134








                                   SCHEDULE V


                          DESCRIPTION OF NEW PROPERTIES






30142402.2



                                      E-135








                                   SCHEDULE VI


                        INTEREST RATE PRICING DEFINITIONS


         The  definitions  set forth on this  Schedule VI are those which relate
solely to the interest rate pricing options under the Agreement.

         "Business  Day" means the normal  banking  hours  during any day (other
than  Saturdays or Sundays)  that banks are legally open for business in Dallas,
Texas.

         "Eurocurrency Reserve Requirement" means, for any Eurodollar Loan for a
Eurodollar  Interest Period thereunder,  the daily average of the stated maximum
rate  (expressed  as a  decimal)  at which  reserves  (including  any  marginal,
supplemental  or emergency  reserves) are required to be maintained  during such
Eurodollar  Interest  Period under  Regulation  D by Bank against  "eurocurrency
liabilities"  (as such term is used in  Regulation  D), but  without  benefit or
credit of proration,  exemptions or offsets that might otherwise be available to
Bank from time to time under  Regulation  D. Without  limiting the effect of the
foregoing, the Eurocurrency Reserve Requirement shall reflect any other reserves
required to be maintained by Bank against (a) any category of  liabilities  that
includes  deposits  by  reference  to which  the  Eurodollar  Interest  Rate for
Eurodollar Loans is to be determined, or (b) any category of extension of credit
or other assets that includes Eurodollar Loans.

         "Eurodollar  Business  Day" means a Business  Day on which  dealings in
U.S. Dollar deposits are carried on in the Eurodollar market.

         "Eurodollar  Interest  Period"  means,  with respect to any  Eurodollar
Loan:

                  (i)  initially,   the  period  commencing  on  the  date  such
         Eurodollar Loan is made and ending thirty days, sixty days, ninety days
         or one hundred eighty days thereafter, as selected by Borrowers, and

                  (ii) thereafter,  each period  commencing on the day following
         the last day of the next preceding  Interest Period  applicable to such
         Eurodollar Loan and ending thirty days, sixty days,  ninety days or one
         hundred eighty days thereafter, as selected by Borrowers;





30142402.2



                                      E-136








provided,  however,  that (A) if any Eurodollar  Interest Period would otherwise
expire on a day that is not a Eurodollar  Business  Day,  such  Interest  Period
shall  expire  on the  next  succeeding  Eurodollar  Business  Day,  and (B) any
Eurodollar  Interest Period that would otherwise expire after the Maturity Date,
shall end on such Maturity Date.

         "Eurodollar  Loan" means any Loan that bears interest at the Eurodollar
Rate or that would bear  interest at such rate if the Maximum  Rate  ceiling was
not in effect at a particular time.

         "Eurodollar Margin" means two point two five percent (2.25%) per annum;
provided  that  "Eurodollar  Margin"  shall  be two  percent  (2.0%)  per  annum
effective on any Determination Date that Bank determines, in the exercise of its
discretion and simultaneously with its determination of the Borrowing Base as of
such  Determination  Date,  that no  single  well bore of a  Mortgaged  Property
comprises  more than 15% of the present worth future net income of the base case
proved  producing  properties  included within the  then-current  Borrowing Base
(such   computation  to  be  made  in  Bank's   discretion  in  accordance  with
then-current practices,  customary procedures and standards used by Bank for its
petroleum  industry  customers,  consistently  applied with respect to petroleum
industry customers similarly situated).

         "Eurodollar  Rate" means,  with respect to each Eurodollar Loan, a rate
per annum (rounded upward,  if necessary,  to the nearest 1/10 of 1%) determined
by Bank as follows:

                  Interbank Market Rate                    +        Eurodollar
            -------------------------------------                      Margin
            1 - Eurocurrency Reserve Requirement

         "Interbank  Market Rate" means the rate of interest per annum  (rounded
upward,  if  necessary,  to the  nearest  1/100th  of 1%) at which  deposits  in
immediately  available and freely transferable funds in U.S. Dollars are offered
to Bank in the  interbank  eurocurrency  market for delivery on the first day of
each such Eurodollar  Interest Period,  such deposits being for a period of time
equal or comparable to such Eurodollar  Interest Period in an amount equal to or
comparable  to the  principal  amount  of the  Eurodollar  Loan  to  which  such
Eurodollar Loan to which such Eurodollar Interest Period relates.  The Interbank
Market Rate shall be determined at approximately 10:00 a.m. (Dallas, Texas time)
two (2)  Eurodollar  Business  Days  prior to the first  day of each  Eurodollar
Interest Period.

         "Incremental  Portion" means any amount which is $100,000 or amounts in
excess thereof in integral multiples of $100,000.

         "Interest Period" means any Prime Rate Interest Period or Eurodollar




30142402.2



                                     E-137








Interest Period, as is applicable.

         "Maximum Rate" means the lesser of the maximum rate of interest allowed
by  applicable  United  States or Texas law as amended or the Prime Rate plus 5%
from  time to time  and in  effect  on the  date for  which a  determination  of
interest accrued hereunder is made.

         "Prime Rate" means the variable rate of interest per annum  established
from time to time by Bank as its Prime Rate (which  rate of interest  may or may
not be the lowest rate or best  charged by Bank on similar  loans,  and Bank may
make  various  commercial  or  other  loans  at  rates  of  interest  having  no
relationship to such rate). Each change in the Prime Rate shall become effective
without prior notice to Borrowers automatically as of the opening of business on
the date of such change in the Prime Rate.

         "Prime Rate  Interest  Period"  means,  with  respect to any Prime Rate
Loan,  the period  ending on the last day of each  calendar  quarter;  provided,
however,  that (i) if any Prime Rate Interest  Period would end on a day that is
not a  Business  Day,  such  Interest  Period  shall  end on the next  preceding
Business  Day, and (ii) if any Prime Rate  Interest  Period would  otherwise end
after the Maturity Date, such Interest Period shall end on such Maturity Date.

         "Prime Rate Loan" means any Loan that bears  interest at the Prime Rate
or that would bear  interest at the Prime Rate if the Maximum  Rate  ceiling was
not in effect at that particular time.

         "Regulation  D" means  Regulation  D of the Board of  Governors  of the
Federal Reserve System as amended or supplemented from time to time.




30142402.2



                                      E-138








                                  SCHEDULE VII

                 SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO EURODOLLAR LOANS


         The following provisions shall apply to all Eurodollar Loans under this
Agreement.

         1. Unavailability of Funds,  Disaster,  Etc. If, in connection with any
proposed  Eurodollar  Loan,  Bank  determines  (which   determination  shall  be
conclusive, absent manifest error) that

                  (a) U.S.  Dollar  deposits of the relevant  amount and for the
         relevant  Eurodollar  Interest  Period  for  Eurodollar  Loans  are not
         available to Bank in the interbank eurocurrency market, or

                  (b) the Eurodollar  Interest Rate will not adequately  reflect
         the cost to Bank of  maintaining  or funding the  Eurodollar  Loans for
         such Interest Period, or

                  (c) adequate means do not exist in the market to determine the
         Eurodollar Interest Rate,

then the  obligations  of Bank to make the applicable  Eurodollar  Loan shall be
suspended  until such time as Bank  determines  that the event resulting in such
suspension  has ceased to exist,  and  Borrowers  shall either repay in full the
then  outstanding  principal  amount of each applicable  Eurodollar Loan owed to
Bank,  without  penalty,  on the last day of the applicable  Interest  Period or
convert the same to the Prime Rate.

         2. Reserve  Requirements.  In the event of any change in any applicable
law, treaty, or regulation or in the interpretation or administration thereof or
in the event any central bank or other fiscal monetary or other authority having
jurisdiction  over Bank or the Loans  contemplated  by this  Agreement  imposes,
modifies,  or deems  applicable  to any  Eurodollar  Loan or Loans  any  reserve
requirement of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other
reserve,  special deposit, or similar  requirements  against assets of, deposits
with or for the account of, or credit  extended by, Bank,  or imposes on Bank or
the  interbank  eurocurrency  market,  as the case may be,  any other  condition
affecting  this  Agreement  or the  Eurodollar  Loans  which  is  not  otherwise
expressly  included  in the  determination  of the  applicable  rate or rates of
interest  hereunder,  and the result of any of the  foregoing is to increase the
cost to Bank in making or maintaining its Eurodollar Loans or to reduce any




30142402.2



                                      E-139








amount (or the effective return on any amount) received by Bank hereunder,  then
Borrowers shall pay to Bank within five (5) days of demand of Bank as additional
interest on the Note evidencing the Eurodollar  Loans such additional  amount or
amounts as Bank may determine as will reimburse Bank for such additional cost or
such  reduction.  Upon becoming aware of any such change or imposition  that may
result in any such  increase or  reduction,  Bank shall give  written  notice to
Borrowers  thereof  together with  certificate  of Bank setting forth the amount
necessary to compensate Bank as aforesaid and the basis for the determination of
such amount.  Determinations  made by Bank for purposes of this Section 2 of the
effect of any such change in its costs of making or  maintaining  its Eurodollar
Loans or on amounts  receivable by it in respect of such Eurodollar Loans and of
the additional  amounts  required to compensate Bank in respect thereof shall be
conclusive, if made on a reasonable basis and are absent manifest error.

         3.  Taxes.  Both  principal  and  interest on the Note  evidencing  the
Eurodollar Loans are payable without  withholding or deduction for or on account
of any taxes.  If any taxes,  duties or other charges of any kind whatsoever are
levied or imposed on or with respect to the Note evidencing the Eurodollar Loans
or on any  payment  on the Note  evidencing  the  Eurodollar  Loans made to Bank
(except for the  imposition of, or change in the rate of, any tax on the overall
net  income of Bank),  or if there is any  change  in the basis of  taxation  of
payment  to Bank of  principal,  interest  and  other  amounts  due and  payable
hereunder  with respect to any Loan (except for the  imposition of, or change in
the rate of, any tax on the overall net income of Bank),  then,  and in any such
event,  Borrowers  shall pay to Bank within five (5) days of demand of Bank such
additional  amounts  as Bank may  determine  to be  necessary  so that every net
payment of principal and interest on the Note  evidencing the Eurodollar  Loans,
after  withholding or deduction for or on account of any such taxes, will not be
less than any  amount  provided  herein.  In  addition,  if at any time when the
Eurodollar  Loans are outstanding  any laws are enacted or  promulgated,  or any
court of law or governmental agency interprets or administers any law, which, in
any such case, changes the basis of taxation of payments to Bank of principal of
or interest on the Note  evidencing  the  Eurodollar  Loans by  subjecting  such
payments to double taxation or otherwise (except through an increase in the rate
of tax on the  overall  net  income of Bank) then  Borrowers  will pay Bank such
amounts as Bank may  determine to be necessary to  compensate  Bank for any such
increased  costs and/or losses  resulting  therefrom.  Bank shall give notice to
Borrowers  upon becoming  aware of the amount of any loss incurred by it through
enactment or  promulgation of any such law that changes the basis of taxation of
payments to Bank or of any such  enactment  or  promulgation  that may result in
such payments becoming subject to double taxation or otherwise.  Bank shall also
deliver to  Borrowers  a  certificate  of Bank  setting  forth the basis for the
determination of such loss and the computation of such amounts.




30142402.2



                                      E-140








Determinations made by Bank for purposes of this Section 3 of the effect of such
taxes on its costs of  making  or  maintaining  Eurodollar  Loans or on  amounts
receivable  by it in  respect  of such  Eurodollar  Loans and of the  additional
amounts  required to compensate Bank in respect thereof shall be conclusive,  if
made on a reasonable basis and are absent manifest error.

         4. Illegality,  Change in Laws, Etc. If at any time the adoption of any
new law, change in existing laws, or  interpretation of any new or existing laws
make it unlawful or impossible  for Bank to (a) maintain its  commitment to make
Eurodollar  Loans,  then  upon  such  notice to  Borrowers  of such fact  Bank's
commitment to make Eurodollar Loans shall terminate; or (b) maintain or fund its
Eurodollar Loans hereunder, then Bank shall promptly notify Borrowers in writing
and Borrowers  shall either (i) repay the outstanding  Eurodollar  Loans owed to
Bank,  without  penalty,  on the last day of the  current  Interest  Periods (or
immediately  with the breakage fee  specified in Section 6 below if Bank may not
lawfully  continue to maintain and fund such  Eurodollar  Loans) or (ii) convert
such Eurodollar Loans at such appropriate time to Prime Rate Loans.

         5.  Risk-Based  Capital  Requirements.  If  Bank  determines  that  (a)
compliance   with  any   judicial,   administrative,   or   other   governmental
interpretation  of any  law or  regulation  or (b)  compliance  by  Bank  or any
corporation controlling Bank with any guideline or request from any central bank
or other governmental authority (whether or not having the force of law) has the
effect of requiring an increase in the amount of capital required or expected to
be maintained by Bank or any corporation  controlling  Bank, and Bank determines
that such increase is based upon its  obligations  hereunder,  and other similar
obligations,  Borrowers  shall pay Bank  within  five (5) days of demand of Bank
such additional  amount as shall be certified by Bank to be the amount allocable
to Bank's obligation to Borrowers  hereunder.  Bank will notify Borrowers of any
event occurring that will entitle Bank to compensation  pursuant to this Section
after  Bank  obtains   knowledge   thereof  and   determines   to  request  such
compensation.  Bank's notice to Borrowers  shall  include a certificate  of Bank
setting forth the amount necessary to compensate Bank as aforesaid and the basis
for the  determination  of such amount.  Determinations  by Bank for purposes of
this Section of the effect of any increase in the amount of capital  required to
be  maintained  by Bank and of the amounts  allocable to Bank's  obligations  to
Borrowers  hereunder shall be conclusive,  if made on a reasonable basis and are
absent manifest error.





30142402.2



                                      E-141








         6. Failure to Borrow. Borrowers hereby indemnify Bank against any loss,
cost or expense  incurred by Bank as a result of (a) any payment of a Eurodollar
Loan  on a date  other  than  the  last  day of the  Interest  Period  for  such
Eurodollar  Loan,  including but not limited to acceleration by Bank pursuant to
this  Agreement,  or (b) any failure by Borrowers  to borrow or convert,  as the
case may be, a Eurodollar  Loan on the date of borrowing or  conversion,  as the
case may be, after Borrowers have given Bank the relevant  notices of Borrowers'
election to borrow or convert, as the case may be, specified in this Agreement.




30142402.2



                                      E-142








                                    EXHIBIT A

                                BORROWING REQUEST

         Reference  is made to that  certain  Loan  Agreement  among RIO GRANDE,
INC., RIO GRANDE DRILLING COMPANY and COMERICA BANK - TEXAS dated as of March 8,
1996, as amended by that certain First  Amendment to Loan Agreement  dated as of
January 15, 1997 (as the same may hereafter be amended,  the "Loan  Agreement").
The terms used herein shall have the same  meanings as provided  therefor in the
Loan Agreement unless the context hereof otherwise requires or provides.

A.       GENERAL.

1.       Date of proposed Loan.

2.       Designate whether new Loan or renewal of existing Eurodollar
         Loan:

           _______New Loan                           ________ Renewal of
         Eurodollar Loan

3.       Interest rate options and amounts:

         Amount of requested Loan which
         will be Prime Rate Loan                              $

         Amount of requested Loan which
         will be Eurodollar Loan                              $

4.       Requested Eurodollar Interest Period

5.       Description of use of proceeds of Loan:





6.       The Borrowers hereby certify that all conditions precedent specified by
         the Loan  Agreement  for  this  Loan  have  been  complied  with in all
         respects.






                                      E-143








B.       BORROWING BASE.

1.       Enter:  lesser of $50,000,000
         or Borrowing Base currently in
         effect.

2.       Enter:  Principal Debt outstanding
         as of this date.                                                -

3.       Excess (deficit) available for
         Loans (subtract line B2 from
         line B1).


         The   Borrowers   hereby   certify   that  on  the  date   hereof   the
representations  and  warranties  contained  the Loan  Agreement are true in all
material  respects as if made on the date hereof,  and no event of default or no
event  which,  with the lapse of time or the  giving of notice,  or both,  would
constitute an event of default under the Loan Agreement, exists.

         Dated ____________, 199__.


RIO GRANDE, INC.                               RIO GRANDE DRILLING COMPANY



By                                             By

   Title                                            Title





                                      E-144








                 EXHIBIT E TO FIRST AMENDMENT TO LOAN AGREEMENT


         VOLUME AND PRICING PARAMETERS FOR PERMITTED COMMODITY SWAP TRANSACTIONS
IN THE  AGGREGATE  FOR CRUDE OIL HEDGING FOR THE  THIRTY-SIX  (36) MONTH  PERIOD
COMMENCING NOVEMBER 1, 1996.

                  A. Volume.  The maximum barrels of production per day that can
         be the subject of all such  arrangements in the aggregate cannot exceed
         the amounts during the time periods set forth below:

                     Time Period                        Maximum Barrels Per Day

                     11/1/96 to and including 10/31/97            700

                     11/1/97 to and including 10/31/98            600

                     11/1/98 to and including 10/31/99            500

                  B.  Price.  The  minimum  price  which must be  attained  with
         respect to all such  arrangements in the aggregate must be at least the
         price per barrel during the periods set forth below:

                     Time Period                       Minimum Price Per Barrel

                     11/1/96 to and including 10/31/97          $20.09

                     11/1/97 to and including 10/31/98          $20.66

                     11/1/98 to and including 10/31/99          $20.23



















                                      E-145








                              EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

         This  Employment  Agreement  (this  "Agreement") is entered into by RIO
GRANDE, INC., a Delaware corporation,  RIO GRANDE DRILLING COMPANY (collectively
hereafter the "Company") and Guy Bob Buschman (the "Employee") as of January 16,
1997 (the "Effective Date").

         WHEREAS, the Company wishes to employ Employee, and Employee desires to
accept such employment, on the terms and conditions set forth herein:

         NOW,  THEREFORE,  in  consideration  of the  foregoing  and the  mutual
covenants and promises contained herein, the parties agree as follows:

         1.  Employment:  The Company  hereby  agrees to employ  Employee in San
Antonio,  Bexar County,  Texas, as an executive  officer of the Company with the
present title of President and Chief Executive Officer.  Employee hereby accepts
such   employment   and  agrees  to  perform  such  duties  and  undertake  such
responsibilities  as are  assigned  to him  from  time to time by the  Board  of
Directors  of the  Company or by such  officers  as the Board of  Directors  may
designate.

         2. Full-Time Best Efforts:  Employee shall devote his full time, effort
and attention during customary business hours to the business of the Company and
its  subsidiaries  and the performance of his obligations  under this Agreement.
Employee  shall at all times  faithfully,  industriously  and to the best of his
ability,  experience and talent perform all of his  obligations  hereunder.  The
Company shall  provide  adequate,  qualified  support  staff,  both clerical and
professional and the necessary computer hardware and system software,  to permit
Employee to perform the duties and  obligations  of his office during  customary
business hours.

        3. Term of Employment:  Employee's  primary term of  employment("Primary
Term")  shall begin on January 15, 1997 and  continue  until  January 15,  2002,
unless sooner terminated  pursuant to Section 6 below.  Unless this Agreement is
terminated  before its  expiration  by the parties  pursuant to Section 6 or the
Company  provides the Employee  with notice of  non-renewal  of the Agreement at
least 60 days prior to the  expiration  of the Primary Term (or the Option Term,
as defined herein),  the term of this Agreement Primary Term shall automatically
renew for a period of one year ("Option Term").






                                      E-146






         4. Compensation:  During the term of this Agreement, the Company agrees
to consider the  guidelines  contained in a  compensation  survey similar to the
National  Association of Corporate  Directors Blue Ribbon  Commission  Report on
Executive  Compensation  for  companies  of  similar  size  and  type in  making
recommendations for compensation paid to Employee. The Company shall provide the
following  minimum  compensation  to  the  Employee  during  the  term  of  this
Agreement:

                  A. Base  Salary:  From the  Effective  Date  until  changed as
provided in this section, the Company agrees to pay Employee an annual salary of
$125,000  during  the first  year of  employment  with the  Company  under  this
Agreement,  payable bi-weekly in accordance with the Company's payroll policies,
less applicable withholdings required by law. The Employee shall be eligible for
discretionary increases in base salary as determined upon the recommendations of
the Compensation and Stock Option Committee (the  "Compensation  Committee") and
as  approved by the Board of  Directors.  In making  recommendations  concerning
discretionary increases the Compensation Committee shall consider performance of
the Company,  performance of the Employee,  cost of living increases,  and other
similar factors.


                  B. Bonus:  Employee may be awarded bonuses and other incentive
based compensation  during the term of his employment under this Agreement.  The
amount of such  bonuses and  additional  compensation,  and the  conditions  for
payment shall be based upon the  recommendations of the Compensation  Committee,
but at all times  shall  ultimately  be in the sole  discretion  of the Board of
Directors.

                  C.  Stock  Options:  Notwithstanding  the  execution  of  this
Agreement,  Employee  retains those stock options granted to him pursuant to the
1986 Incentive  Stock Option Plan and the 1995  Incentive  Stock Option Plan. In
addition to those stock  options,  Employee  shall be entitled to participate in
any additional  stock options as recommended by the  Compensation  Committee and
approved by the Board.


         5.       Additional Non-Cash Compensation and Benefits:






                                      E-147








                  A. Benefits:  Employee  benefits (such as, but not limited to,
medical and  disability  insurance,  paid  vacation,  and sick  leave)  shall be
provided  and made  available  to  Employee  in  accordance  with the  Company's
Personnel  Manual,  as may be amended from time to time in the discretion of the
Board of Directors.  The Company  acknowledges  that the  Employee's  ability to
fully  utilize and enjoy his vacation  benefits may be  restricted by his duties
and obligations under the terms of this Agreement, and therefore, the provisions
of the Company's Personnel Manual notwithstanding, Employee shall be entitled to
receive  compensation  equal to 1/52 of his annual cash compensation from salary
for each week (or 1/5 of such weekly amount for each day) of vacation leave that
is unused as a result of conflicts between the Employee's  personal schedule and
his duties and obligations under this Agreement up to one-half of the Employee's
annual  vacation  benefits.  Upon  presentation  of  appropriate  documentation,
Employee  shall be  reimbursed  by the  Company  for  reasonable  and  necessary
out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the performance of his duties.

                  B. Company  Vehicle:  Company  shall  provide  Employee with a
Company  owned or leased  vehicle or light truck  similar to  previous  vehicles
provided to the Employee for use in performing  his duties and  obligations  and
for  personal  use.  The  Company  shall pay all  expenses,  including,  without
limiting the generality thereof, all insurance,  fuel, license fees, repairs and
maintenance,  incurred  on account of or related to such  vehicle.  The  Company
shall  purchase a new  replacement  vehicle  (a  vehicle  similar in cost to the
replacement  cost of the old vehicle) in accordance with prior past practices of
the  Company.  Employee  shall  provide an annual  summary of total  mileage and
business  mileage,  in accordance with Company policies and procedures,  for the
limited purpose of complying with federal income and employment tax laws.

                  C. Expense  Reimbursement:  Company  shall pay all  reasonable
expenses and shall reimburse  Employee for all reasonable  expenses  incurred on
its behalf by Employee in the performance of his duties and obligations.



                  D. Retirement  Benefits:  The Company shall undertake a review
of available retirement benefit options and submit to the Compensation Committee





                                      E-148








a retirement  benefit plan taking into account the size and financial  condition
of the Company and the needs of the Employee.

        6. Termination: The Company may terminate this Agreement at any time for
"cause" (as  hereinafter  defined) by  delivering  to  Employee  written  notice
describing  the cause of  termination  fifteen (15) days before the date of such
termination.  Alternatively,  the  Company in its sole  discretion,  may pay the
Employee for the fifteen (15) days in lieu of providing the notice. In the event
that this Agreement is terminated for "cause" Employee shall be entitled only to
his  benefits and base salary  earned pro rata to the date of such  termination.
The  determination  of whether Employee shall be terminated for "cause" shall be
made by the Board of  Directors,  in the  reasonable  exercise  of its  business
judgment, and shall be limited to the occurrence of the following events:

                 A.  Conviction of or a plea of nolo contendere to the charge of
            a felony;

                 B.  Failure  (without  proper  legal  cause)  to  perform  in a
            reasonably   satisfactory   manner  or   negligence   in  performing
            Employee's  material  duties  and   responsibilities   hereunder  as
            determined by the Board in the exercise of its  reasonable  business
            judgment,  provided  that a written  warning is given to Employee by
            the Company and such  non-performance or negligence  continues sixty
            (60) days thereafter;

                 C. Gross  negligence in performing  Employee's  material duties
            and responsibilities under the Agreement which are within Employee's
            job responsibilities hereunder;

                 D. Breach of fiduciary duty to the Company.

If the  Employee  is  terminated  without  cause  the  Company  shall pay to the
Employee  the  equivalent  of three years of his annual base salary in effect at
the time of the termination,  less applicable  withholdings  required by law. In
addition, the Company shall pay the Employee an amount sufficient,  after taking
into the Employee's personal federal and state income taxes with respect to such
payment, to pay the exercise price of all incentive and non-qualified options





                                      E-149








held by the Employee,  plus all related federal and state income taxes. Finally,
the Company shall pay the Employee's  COBRA costs for eighteen months  following
his  termination.   Any  material   diminution  in  the  Employee's  duties  and
responsibilities,   other  than  termination  for  cause,   shall  be  deemed  a
termination  without  cause under the  Agreement  and the  Employee may elect to
receive the  payments  provided  for herein,  and upon such  receipt  Employee's
employment with the Company shall be terminated.


         7.  Inventions  and  Patents:   Employee  agrees  that  all  reasonably
patentable inventions,  innovations or improvements in the Company's products or
methods of conducting its business  (including new contributions,  improvements,
ideas and  discoveries)  shall belong to the Company.  Employee  agrees that the
Company shall be granted a  non-exclusive,  unrestricted  license to use, modify
and  license to others for use all  computer  programs  and  computer  software,
relating to the  business of the  Company,  written or conceived by the Employee
during  the  term  of this  Agreement.  Employee  shall  promptly  disclose  all
patentable inventions, innovations or improvements to the Company.

         8.  Property of the Company:  All books,  documents,  lists and records
pertaining to the Company's business (collectively,  the "Records"), whether the
Records are  written,  typed,  printed,  contained  on  microfilm,  contained on
computer disc,  contained in tape or are set forth in some other medium, are the
sole and exclusive  property of the Company.  Upon the termination of Employee's
employment  with the  Company,  Employee  shall  return to the Company all keys,
credit cards,  equipment,  phone cards,  records and copies  thereof that are in
Employee's possession or control or that Employee has removed from the Company's
premises  and  Records  that are in  Employee's  possession  or  control or that
Employee has removed from the Company's premises.  Employee shall be entitled to
retain  copies of the  Companies  records that are  pertinent to his  individual
state or federal income liability.

         9.       Covenant Not to Compete:

                  A. After  consulting  with legal  counsel  regarding the legal
consequences of the Agreement  including,  without limitation,  this Section 10,
Employee  agrees that,  in his role as President  and Chief  Executive  Officer,






                                      E-150








Employee will work in an unsupervised capacity,  supervise other employees, make
recommendations to the President  regarding  expenditures of Company capital and
assets,  be  primarily   responsible  for  preparing  financial  statements  and
analyzing the Company's  profitability and otherwise  advising the President and
the Board of Directors on the financial aspects of the Company's operations.

                  B.  Employee  hereby  covenants  and  agrees  that  during his
employment with the Company and for six months immediately  following the end of
his employment  with the Company,  he will not without the prior written consent
of the Company,  either  individually or in conjunction  with any person,  firm,
corporation or any other entity as principal,  agent, employee or shareholder or
in any other manner whatsoever:

                           i.  invest  in,  become   associated   with,   accept
employment  with,  serve as a consultant  to, or accept  compensation  from, any
person,  firm,  corporation  or any other  entity  (including  any new  business
started by Employee  alone or with  others)  that is engaged in the  business of
exploring for and  producing  oil and gas in areas or where the Company,  within
the 6 months  of the  date of the  Employee's  termination  of  employment,  has
operations or has been actively  involved in oil and gas  development  (each and
all of which entities shall be included within the meaning of the term "Company"
for the  purposes  of  Sections  9, 10 and  11),  including,  except  for  those
transactions  which  Employee  invested  in with  the  consent  of the  Board of
Directors of the Company;







                                      E-151








                           ii.  contact or solicit, directly or indirectly, any
employee  of, or vendor to, the Company for the purpose of causing,  inviting or
encouraging  any such  employee or vendor to alter or terminate  his, her or its
employment or business relationship with the Company; or

                  C. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the ownership by Employee of
not more than five  percent of the shares of stock of any  corporation  having a
class of equity securities  actively traded on a national securities exchange or
on NASDAQ shall not be deemed, in and of itself, to violate this Section 9.

                  D. Nothing herein shall prohibit Employee from engaging in any
work in the oil  and gas  industry  after  the end of his  employment  with  the
Company if Employee  furnishes the Company with proof and  assurances (in a form
and type  reasonably  requested by Company)  that Employee will not be competing
with Company in any way or manner which is  prohibited,  and if the Company then
provides Employee with its written consent.  Employee  acknowledges that nothing
herein will,  in any way,  significantly  restrain his ability to work or earn a
living.

         10.  Confidentiality:  Employee  acknowledges  that,  by  virtue of his
employment with the Company, he possesses and will come to possess  confidential
and  proprietary  information  relating to the  business and  operations  of the
Company. Employee agrees that he will not, at any time, except in furtherance of
the Company's  business (A) disclose any trade secret,  know-how or confidential
information  of the  Company  (including  but not  limited  to  cost or  pricing
information,  customer lists,  commission plans,  supply  information,  internal
business procedures,  market studies, terms of the agreements with the Company's
equity holders,  information concerning pending or contemplated  acquisitions or
expansion plans of the Company or the existence of  negotiations  concerning the
same,  and similar  non-public  information  relating to the Company's  internal
operations, business, plans, policies or practices), to any person other than an
employee  or agent of the  Company  or (B) use or  permit  the use of any of the
Company's  trade  secrets,  know-how or  confidential  information in any way to
compete, directly or indirectly, with the Company or in any other manner adverse
to the Company.  Employee further  covenants and agrees that at all times during
the term  hereof  and at all  times  thereafter  Employee  will  hold all of the
foregoing information, trade secrets and know-how in secrecy as trustee or





                                      E-152








custodian  for the Company for the  exclusive  benefit of the Company,  and will
faithfully  do  everything  in his power to assist  the  Company  in  holding in
secrecy the foregoing and shall not use the foregoing  except in  furtherance of
the  Company's  business.  The  trade  secrets,  know-how  and the  confidential
information of the Company relate to the conduct of the Company's business,  are
of  independent  economic  value to the Company  because they are not  generally
known and are the subject of efforts by the Company to maintain  their  secrecy.
Employee  acknowledges  that the  right to  maintain  the  secrecy  of the trade
secrets,  know-how and  confidential  information  of the Company  constitutes a
proprietary  right  that  the  Company  is  entitled  to  protect  and  that the
disclosure,  or improper use, of the trade secrets, know-how or the confidential
information  of the  Company  by  Employee  will cause  irreparable  harm to the
Company. Both Employee and the Company acknowledge and agree, however, that this
Section shall not be interpreted, applied or construed to limit Employee's legal
right to use the general knowledge, skills and experience he acquired during his
employment  with  the  Company  in any  employment  that he may  hold  following
termination of this Agreement.

                  11.      Miscellaneous:

                  A. For  purposes  of this  Agreement,  all  notices  and other
communications  hereunder  shall be in writing  and shall be deemed to have been
duly given either: (i) when received if personally delivered to the other party;
(ii) two days after deposit in the mail postage prepaid,  certified mail, return
receipt requested;  (iii) when received if delivered via a nationally recognized
overnight   courier  service;   or  (iv)  when  received  if  delivered  via  an
electronically confirmed facsimile transmission. Notices to the Company shall be
given to it  addressed  to the  Company's  corporate  headquarters.  Notices  to
Employee  shall be addressed to Employee's  most recent  address as set forth in
the personnel  records of the Company.  Either party shall be entitled to change
the  address  at which  notice is to be given by  providing  notice to the other
party of such change in the manner provided herein.

                  B. This  Agreement  sets  forth the  entire  agreement  of the
parties with respect to the subject  matter  hereof,  and  supersedes  all prior
agreements,  whether  written or oral.  This  Agreement may be amended only by a
writing signed by both parties hereto.  Each party  represents and warrants that
this Agreement has been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered by





                                      E-153








such  party  and  constitutes  a valid and  binding  obligation  of such  party,
enforceable against such party in accordance with its terms.

                  C. This  Agreement  shall be  binding  upon,  and inure to the
benefit  of  the  parties,   their  respective   heirs,   successors,   personal
representatives and assigns;  provided,  however, that Employee may not transfer
or assign any of his duties or obligations under this Agreement.

                  D. No  modification,  amendment or waiver of any provisions of
this Agreement  shall be effective  unless  approved in writing by both parties,
the failure at any time to enforce any of the provisions of this Agreement shall
in no way be construed as a waiver of such  provisions  and shall not affect the
right of either party  thereafter to enforce each and every provision  hereof in
accordance with its terms.

                  E. The parties  hereto  have  endeavored  to limit  Employee's
right to compete to the extent  necessary  to protect  the  Company  from unfair
competition in connection with certain investments in the Company. However, if a
court of  proper  jurisdiction  determines  that any  temporal,  territorial  or
activity- related restriction on competition  contained in this Agreement is too
broad to permit enforcement thereof to its fullest extent, then such restriction
shall be enforced as permitted under Texas law.

                  F. The parties agree that should any word,  provision or other
part of this Agreement be determined by a court of competent  jurisdiction to be
invalid,  unenforceable or prohibited by law, all other provisions  hereof shall
be unaffected thereby.

                  G. Should any dispute  arise  between the Parties  relating to
this Agreement, including without limitation, any dispute relating to Employee's
employment  or  termination  of  employment   from  the  Company,   the  parties
specifically stipulate and agree to submit any such dispute to final and binding
arbitration   conducted   under  the  auspices  of  the   American   Arbitration
Association,  with the costs of such arbitration to be split equally between the
Parties;  provided,  however,  that  upon  conclusion  of the  arbitration,  the
prevailing  party in the arbitration  shall be entitled to  reimbursement of its
costs of arbitration from the non-prevailing party, including attorneys fees and
expenses,  experts fees and expenses and other similar costs associated with the
arbitration. The award of the arbitrators, or of a majority of them, shall be





                                      E-154








final,  and judgment upon the award rendered may be entered in any court,  state
or federal,  having  jurisdiction.  Employee,  with an adequate  opportunity  to
consult with legal counsel,  knowingly and voluntarily waives any right to trial
by  jury of any  dispute  pertaining  to or  relating  in any way to  Employee's
employment with or termination from the Company,  including any matters relating
to this Agreement, the provisions of any federal, state or local law, regulation
or ordinance  notwithstanding.  Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, if the
Employee  breaches any of the non- disclosure or  non-competition  provisions of
this  Agreement,  the Company shall have the right to seek immediate  injunctive
relief  in the  form of a  temporary,  preliminary  or  permanent  mandatory  or
restraining injunction, enjoining the Employee from such further breach of those
provisions of this Agreement.

                  No  delay  or  omission  by the  Company  or the  Employee  in
exercising  any right or remedy under any of the terms of this  Agreement  shall
operate as a waiver of any rights or remedies  which the Company or Employee may
have under this Agreement,  either at law or in equity, and no single or partial
exercise of any such right shall preclude any other or further  exercise thereof
or of the exercise of any other right or remedy.

                  H. For the purposes of obtaining a temporary,  preliminary, or
permanent injunction or restraining  injunction,  order or decree to enforce the
non-disclosure or non-compete provisions of this Agreement, such action shall be
filed and prosecuted  solely and exclusively in a state or federal court sitting
in San  Antonio,  Bexar  County,  Texas,  and Employee  irrevocably  accepts the
jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Texas, and the federal courts located
in such  State.  Employee  expressly  submits  and  consents  in advance to such
jurisdiction  in any action or suit  commenced  in any such court,  and Employee
hereby  irrevocably  waives any  objection  which  Employee  may have based upon
personal  jurisdiction,  improper  venue  or  forum  non-conveniens  and  hereby
irrevocably  consents to the  granting of such legal or  equitable  relief as is
deemed  appropriate  by such court.  The Employee and the Company,  each with an
adequate  opportunity  to consult with counsel,  hereby  irrevocably  waives any
right  to a trial  by jury in any  injunction  or  arbitration  proceeding.  Any
injunctive  relief  obtained by the  Company  under this  Agreement  shall be in
addition  to any other  relief to which the Company may be entitled to assert in
the arbitration proceeding, at law or in equity. This Agreement was entered into
and is performable in San Antonio,  Bexar County,  Texas.  Employee covenants to
Company and Company covenants to Employee that no litigation arising out of or





                                      E-155








relating  to this  Agreement  will ever be  commenced  in any court other than a
court sitting in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. The Parties further agree and
covenant  that  the sole  and  exclusive  venue  for any  court  or  arbitration
proceeding shall be in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas.

                  I. This Agreement shall be subject to and governed by the laws
of the State of Texas

                  J.  Employee  acknowledges  and agrees that the  provisions of
Sections  9,  10  and  11 of  this  Agreement  are a  reasonable  and  necessary
protection of the immediate and substantial  interests of the Company,  that any
violation of these  restrictions  would cause substantial injury to the Company,
and that the Company  would not have entered into certain  transactions  without
the  additional  consideration  offered by Employee  in binding  himself to such
provisions of this Agreement.  In the event of a breach or threatened  breach by
Employee  of the  provisions  of Sections  9, 10 and 11 of this  Agreement,  the
Company shall be entitled to apply to any court of competent  jurisdiction for a
temporary and/or permanent  injunction  restraining Employee from such breach or
threatened  breach;  provided,  however,  that nothing herein contained shall be
construed to preclude the Company from pursuing any other  available  remedy for
such breach or threatened  breach in addition to, or in lieu of, such injunctive
relief.

                  K. The Employee  shall be afforded  indemnification  rights to
the maximum extent provided under Delaware law.

                  L. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts,
any one of which need not contain the signatures of more than one party, but all
such  counterparts  taken together will constitute one and the same  instrument.
Signatures  may be exchanged by telecopy,  with  original  signatures to follow.
Each party to this agreement  agrees that it will be bound by its own telecopied
signature  and that it accepts the  telecopied  signature  of the other party to
this Agreement.









                                      E-156





EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.


RIO GRANDE, INC.



By:
Name:
Title:


EMPLOYEE




Guy Bob Buschman









                                      E-157








                              EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

         This  Employment  Agreement  (this  "Agreement") is entered into by RIO
GRANDE,  INC., a Delaware  corporation,  RIO GRANDE  DRILLING  COMPANY,  a Texas
corporation  (collectively  hereafter  the  "Company")  and  Gary  Scheele  (the
"Employee") as of January 16, 1997 (the "Effective Date").

         WHEREAS, the Company wishes to employ Employee, and Employee desires to
accept such employment, on the terms and conditions set forth herein:

         NOW,  THEREFORE,  in  consideration  of the  foregoing  and the  mutual
covenants and promises contained herein, the parties agree as follows:

         1.  Employment:  The Company  hereby  agrees to employ  Employee in San
Antonio,  Bexar County,  Texas, as an executive  officer of the Company with the
present   title  of   vice-president,   vice   chief   financial   officer   and
secretary/treasurer.  At all times under the term of this Agreement the Employee
shall report  directly to the President and Chief  Executive  Officer.  Employee
hereby  accepts such  employment and agrees to perform such duties and undertake
such  responsibilities  as are assigned to him from time to time by the Board of
Directors of the Company or by the President and Chief Executive Officer.

         2. Full-Time Best Efforts:  Employee shall devote his full time, effort
and attention during customary business hours to the business of the Company and
its  subsidiaries  and the performance of his obligations  under this Agreement.
Employee  shall at all times  faithfully,  industriously  and to the best of his
ability,  experience and talent perform all of his  obligations  hereunder.  The
Company shall  provide  adequate,  qualified  support  staff,  both clerical and
professional and the necessary computer hardware and systems software, to permit
Employee to perform the duties and  obligations  of his office during  customary
business hours.

        3. Term of Employment:  Employee's  primary term of  employment("Primary
Term")  shall begin on January 15, 1997 and  continue  until  January 15,  2002,
unless sooner terminated  pursuant to Section 6 below.  Unless this Agreement is
terminated  before its  expiration  by the parties  pursuant to Section 6 or the
Company provides the Employee with notice of non-renewal of the Agreement at





                                      E-158








least 60 days prior to the  expiration  of the Primary Term (or the Option Term,
as  defined  herein),  the  term of this  AgreementAgreementPrimary  Term  shall
automatically renew for a period of oneyearyear year("Option Term").

         4. Compensation:  During the term of this Agreement, the Company agrees
to consider the  guidelines  contained in a  compensation  survey similar to the
National  Association of Corporate  Directors Blue Ribbon  Commission  Report on
Executive  Compensation  for  companies  of  similar  size  and  type in  making
recommendations for compensation paid to Employee. The Company shall provide the
following  minimum  compensation  to  the  Employee  during  the  term  of  this
Agreement:

                  A. Base  Salary:  From the  Effective  Date  until  changed as
provided in this section, the Company agrees to pay Employee an annual salary of
$100,000  during  the first  year of  employment  with the  Company  under  this
Agreement,  payable bi-weekly in accordance with the Company's payroll policies,
less applicable withholdings required by law. The Employee shall be eligible for
discretionary increases in base salary as determined upon the recommendations of
the Compensation and Stock Option Committee (the  "Compensation  Committee") and
as  approved by the Board of  Directors.  In making  recommendations  concerning
discretionary increases the Compensation Committee shall consider performance of
the Company,  performance of the Employee,  cost of living increases,  and other
similar factors.


                  B. Bonus:  Employee may be awarded bonuses and other incentive
based compensation  during the term of his employment under this Agreement.  The
amount of such  bonuses and  additional  compensation,  and the  conditions  for
payment shall be based upon the  recommendations of the Compensation  Committee,
but at all times  shall  ultimately  be in the sole  discretion  of the Board of
Directors.

                  C.  Stock  Options:  Notwithstanding  the  execution  of  this
Agreement,  Employee  retains those stock options granted to him pursuant to the
1986 Incentive  Stock Option Plan and the 1995  Incentive  Stock Option Plan. In
addition to those stock  options,  Employee  shall be entitled to participate in
any additional  stock options as recommended by the  Compensation  Committee and
approved by the Board.






                                      E-159








         5.       Additional Non-Cash Compensation and Benefits:

                  A. Benefits:  Employee  benefits (such as, but not limited to,
medical and  disability  insurance,  paid  vacation,  and sick  leave)  shall be
provided  and made  available  to  Employee  in  accordance  with the  Company's
Personnel  Manual,  as may be amended from time to time in the discretion of the
Board of Directors.  The Company  acknowledges  that the  Employee's  ability to
fully  utilize and enjoy his vacation  benefits may be  restricted by his duties
and obligations under the terms of this Agreement, and therefore, the provisions
of the Company's Personnel Manual notwithstanding, Employee shall be entitled to
receive  compensation  equal to 1/52 of his annual cash compensation from salary
for each week (or 1/5 of such weekly amount for each day) of vacation leave that
is unused as a result of conflicts between the Employee's  personal schedule and
his duties and obligations under this Agreement up to one-half of the Employee's
annual  vacation  benefits.  Upon  presentation  of  appropriate  documentation,
Employee  shall be  reimbursed  by the  Company  for  reasonable  and  necessary
out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the performance of his duties.

                  B. Company  Vehicle:  Company  shall  provide  Employee with a
Company  owned or leased  vehicle or light truck  similar to  previous  vehicles
provided to the Employee for use in performing  his duties and  obligations  and
for  personal  use.  The  Company  shall pay all  expenses,  including,  without
limiting the generality thereof, all insurance,  fuel, license fees, repairs and
maintenance,  incurred  on account of or related to such  vehicle.  The  Company
shall  purchase a new  replacement  vehicle  (a  vehicle  similar in cost to the
replacement  cost of the old vehicle) in accordance with prior past practices of
the  Company.  Employee  shall  provide an annual  summary of total  mileage and
business  mileage,  in accordance with Company policies and procedures,  for the
limited purpose of complying with federal income and employment tax laws.

                  C. Expense  Reimbursement:  Company  shall pay all  reasonable
expenses and shall reimburse  Employee for all reasonable  expenses  incurred on
its  behalf  by  Employee  in the  performance  of his  duties  and  obligations
hereunder.

                  D. Retirement  Benefits:  The Company shall undertake a review
of available retirement benefit options and submit to the Compensation Committee





                                      E-160








a retirement  benefit plan taking into account the size and financial  condition
of the Company and the needs of the Employee.

        6. Termination: The Company may terminate this Agreement at any time for
"cause" (as  hereinafter  defined) by  delivering  to  Employee  written  notice
describing  the cause of  termination  fifteen (15) days before the date of such
termination.  Alternatively,  the  Company in its sole  discretion,  may pay the
Employee for the fifteen (15) days in lieu of providing the notice. In the event
that this Agreement is terminated for "cause" Employee shall be entitled only to
his  benefits and base salary  earned pro rata to the date of such  termination.
The  determination  of whether Employee shall be terminated for "cause" shall be
made by the Board of  Directors,  in the  reasonable  exercise  of its  business
judgment, and shall be limited to the occurrence of the following events:

            A.  Conviction  of or a plea of nolo  contendere  to the charge of a
            felony;

            B. Failure  (without  proper legal cause) to perform in a reasonably
            satisfactory manner or negligence in performing  Employee's material
            duties and responsibilities  hereunder as determined by the Board in
            the exercise of its reasonable  business  judgment,  provided that a
            written  warning  is  given  to  Employee  by the  Company  and such
            non-performance or negligence continues sixty (60) days thereafter;

            C. Gross  negligence in performing  Employee's  material  duties and
            responsibilities under the Agreement which are within Employee's job
            responsibilities hereunder;

            D. Breach of fiduciary duty to the Company.

If the  Employee  is  terminated  without  cause  the  Company  shall pay to the
Employee  the  equivalent  of three years of his annual base salary in effect at
the time of the termination,  less applicable  withholdings  required by law. In
addition, the Company shall pay the Employee an amount sufficient,  after taking
into the Employee's personal federal and state income taxes with respect to such
payment, to pay the exercise price of all incentive and non-qualified options





                                      E-161








held by the Employee,  plus all related federal and state income taxes. Finally,
the Company shall pay the Employee's  COBRA costs for eighteen months  following
his  termination.   Any  material   diminution  in  the  Employee's  duties  and
responsibilities,   other  than  termination  for  cause,   shall  be  deemed  a
termination  without  cause under the  Agreement  and the  Employee may elect to
receive the  payments  provided  for herein,  and upon such  receipt  Employee's
employment with the Company shall be terminated.

         7.  Inventions  and  Patents:   Employee  agrees  that  all  reasonably
patentable inventions,  innovations or improvements in the Company's products or
methods of conducting its business  (including new contributions,  improvements,
ideas and  discoveries)  shall belong to the Company.  Employee  agrees that the
Company shall be granted a  non-exclusive,  unrestricted  license to use, modify
and  license to others for use all  computer  programs  and  computer  software,
relating to the  business of the  Company,  written or conceived by the Employee
during  the  term  of this  Agreement.  Employee  shall  promptly  disclose  all
patentable inventions, innovations or improvements to the Company.

         8.  Property of the Company:  All books,  documents,  lists and records
pertaining to the Company's business (collectively,  the "Records"), whether the
Records are  written,  typed,  printed,  contained  on  microfilm,  contained on
computer disc,  contained in tape or are set forth in some other medium, are the
sole and exclusive  property of the Company.  Upon the termination of Employee's
employment  with the  Company,  Employee  shall  return to the Company all keys,
credit cards,  equipment,  phone cards,  records and copies  thereof that are in
Employee's possession or control or that Employee has removed from the Company's
premises  and  Records  that are in  Employee's  possession  or  control or that
Employee has removed from the Company's premises.  Employee shall be entitled to
retain  copies of the  Companies  records that are  pertinent to his  individual
state or federal income liability.

         9.       Covenant Not to Compete:

                  A. After  consulting  with legal  counsel  regarding the legal
consequences of the Agreement  including,  without limitation,  this Section 10,
Employee agrees that, in his role as Vice President and Chief Financial  Officer
and  Secretary/Treasurer.  Employee  will  work  in  an  unsupervised  capacity,
supervise other employees, make recommendations to the President regarding





                                      E-162








expenditures  of Company  capital  and  assets,  be  primarily  responsible  for
preparing  financial  statements and analyzing the Company's  profitability  and
otherwise  advising the  President  and the Board of Directors on the  financial
aspects of the Company's operations.

                  B.  Employee  hereby  covenants  and  agrees  that  during his
employment with the Company and for six months immediately  following the end of
his employment  with the Company,  he will not without the prior written consent
of the Company,  either  individually or in conjunction  with any person,  firm,
corporation or any other entity as principal,  agent, employee or shareholder or
in any other manner whatsoever:

                           i.  invest  in,  become   associated   with,   accept
employment  with,  serve as a consultant  to, or accept  compensation  from, any
person,  firm,  corporation  or any other  entity  (including  any new  business
started by Employee  alone or with  others)  that is engaged in the  business of
exploring for and  producing  oil and gas in areas or where the Company,  within
the 6 months  of the  date of the  Employee's  termination  of  employment,  has
operations or has been actively  involved in oil and gas  development  (each and
all of which entities shall be included within the meaning of the term "Company"
for the  purposes  of  Sections  9, 10 and  11),  including,  except  for  those
transactions  which  Employee  invested  in with  the  consent  of the  Board of
Directors of the Company;

                           ii.  contact or solicit, directly or indirectly, any
employee  of, or vendor to, the Company for the purpose of causing,  inviting or
encouraging  any such  employee or vendor to alter or terminate  his, her or its
employment or business relationship with the Company; or

                  C. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the ownership by Employee of
not more than five  percent of the shares of stock of any  corporation  having a
class of equity securities  actively traded on a national securities exchange or
on NASDAQ shall not be deemed, in and of itself, to violate this Section 9.

                  D. Nothing herein shall prohibit Employee from engaging in any
work in the oil  and gas  industry  after  the end of his  employment  with  the
Company if Employee  furnishes the Company with proof and  assurances (in a form
and type reasonably requested by Company) that Employee will not be competing





                                      E-163








with Company in any way or manner which is  prohibited,  and if the Company then
provides Employee with its written consent.  Employee  acknowledges that nothing
herein will,  in any way,  significantly  restrain his ability to work or earn a
living.

         10.  Confidentiality:  Employee  acknowledges  that,  by  virtue of his
employment with the Company, he possesses and will come to possess  confidential
and  proprietary  information  relating to the  business and  operations  of the
Company. Employee agrees that he will not, at any time, except in furtherance of
the Company's  business (A) disclose any trade secret,  know-how or confidential
information  of the  Company  (including  but not  limited  to  cost or  pricing
information,  customer lists,  commission plans,  supply  information,  internal
business procedures,  market studies, terms of the agreements with the Company's
equity holders,  information concerning pending or contemplated  acquisitions or
expansion plans of the Company or the existence of  negotiations  concerning the
same,  and similar  non-public  information  relating to the Company's  internal
operations, business, plans, policies or practices), to any person other than an
employee  or agent of the  Company  or (B) use or  permit  the use of any of the
Company's  trade  secrets,  know-how or  confidential  information in any way to
compete, directly or indirectly, with the Company or in any other manner adverse
to the Company.  Employee further  covenants and agrees that at all times during
the term  hereof  and at all  times  thereafter  Employee  will  hold all of the
foregoing  information,  trade  secrets  and  know-how  in secrecy as trustee or
custodian  for the Company for the  exclusive  benefit of the Company,  and will
faithfully  do  everything  in his power to assist  the  Company  in  holding in
secrecy the foregoing and shall not use the foregoing  except in  furtherance of
the  Company's  business.  The  trade  secrets,  know-how  and the  confidential
information of the Company relate to the conduct of the Company's business,  are
of  independent  economic  value to the Company  because they are not  generally
known and are the subject of efforts by the Company to maintain  their  secrecy.
Employee  acknowledges  that the  right to  maintain  the  secrecy  of the trade
secrets,  know-how and  confidential  information  of the Company  constitutes a
proprietary  right  that  the  Company  is  entitled  to  protect  and  that the
disclosure,  or improper use, of the trade secrets, know-how or the confidential
information  of the  Company  by  Employee  will cause  irreparable  harm to the
Company. Both Employee and the Company acknowledge and agree, however, that this
Section shall not be interpreted, applied or construed to limit Employee's legal





                                      E-164








right to use the general knowledge, skills and experience he acquired during his
employment  with  the  Company  in any  employment  that he may  hold  following
termination  of this  Agreement.  Notwithstanding  the  foregoing,  the  Company
acknowledges that the Employee's duties and obligations hereunder require him to
prepare  numerous  computer based analyses,  and agrees that it is impracticable
for the Employee to maintain or provide the Company an  accounting  or inventory
of the computer spread sheets or other computer software used in the performance
of his duties and obligations.

                  11.      Miscellaneous:

                  A. For  purposes  of this  Agreement,  all  notices  and other
communications  hereunder  shall be in writing  and shall be deemed to have been
duly given either: (i) when received if personally delivered to the other party;
(ii) two days after deposit in the mail postage prepaid,  certified mail, return
receipt requested;  (iii) when received if delivered via a nationally recognized
overnight   courier  service;   or  (iv)  when  received  if  delivered  via  an
electronically confirmed facsimile transmission. Notices to the Company shall be
given to it  addressed  to the  Company's  corporate  headquarters.  Notices  to
Employee  shall be addressed to Employee's  most recent  address as set forth in
the personnel  records of the Company.  Either party shall be entitled to change
the  address  at which  notice is to be given by  providing  notice to the other
party of such change in the manner provided herein.

                  B. This  Agreement  sets  forth the  entire  agreement  of the
parties with respect to the subject  matter  hereof,  and  supersedes  all prior
agreements,  whether  written or oral.  This  Agreement may be amended only by a
writing signed by both parties hereto.  Each party  represents and warrants that
this Agreement has been duly and validly  authorized,  executed and delivered by
such  party  and  constitutes  a valid and  binding  obligation  of such  party,
enforceable against such party in accordance with its terms.

                  C. This  Agreement  shall be  binding  upon,  and inure to the
benefit  of  the  parties,   their  respective   heirs,   successors,   personal
representatives and assigns;  provided,  however, that Employee may not transfer
or assign any of his duties or obligations under this Agreement.

                  D. No  modification,  amendment or waiver of any provisions of





                                      E-165








this Agreement  shall be effective  unless  approved in writing by both parties,
the failure at any time to enforce any of the provisions of this Agreement shall
in no way be construed as a waiver of such  provisions  and shall not affect the
right of either party  thereafter to enforce each and every provision  hereof in
accordance with its terms.

                  E. The parties  hereto  have  endeavored  to limit  Employee's
right to compete to the extent  necessary  to protect  the  Company  from unfair
competition in connection with certain investments in the Company. However, if a
court of  proper  jurisdiction  determines  that any  temporal,  territorial  or
activity- related restriction on competition  contained in this Agreement is too
broad to permit enforcement thereof to its fullest extent, then such restriction
shall be enforced as permitted under Texas law.

                  F. The parties agree that should any word,  provision or other
part of this Agreement be determined by a court of competent  jurisdiction to be
invalid,  unenforceable or prohibited by law, all other provisions  hereof shall
be unaffected thereby.

                  G. Should any dispute  arise  between the Parties  relating to
this Agreement, including without limitation, any dispute relating to Employee's
employment  or  termination  of  employment   from  the  Company,   the  parties
specifically stipulate and agree to submit any such dispute to final and binding
arbitration   conducted   under  the  auspices  of  the   American   Arbitration
Association,  with the costs of such arbitration to be split equally between the
Parties;  provided,  however,  that  upon  conclusion  of the  arbitration,  the
prevailing  party in the arbitration  shall be entitled to  reimbursement of its
costs of arbitration from the non-prevailing party, including attorneys fees and
expenses,  experts fees and expenses and other similar costs associated with the
arbitration.  The award of the  arbitrators,  or of a majority of them, shall be
final,  and judgment upon the award rendered may be entered in any court,  state
or federal,  having  jurisdiction.  Employee,  with an adequate  opportunity  to
consult with legal counsel,  knowingly and voluntarily waives any right to trial
by  jury of any  dispute  pertaining  to or  relating  in any way to  Employee's
employment with or termination from the Company,  including any matters relating
to this Agreement, the provisions of any federal, state or local law, regulation
or ordinance  notwithstanding.  Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, if the
Employee  breaches any of the non- disclosure or  non-competition  provisions of
this Agreement, the Company shall have the right to seek immediate injunctive r




                                      E-166








elief  in the  form  of a  temporary,  preliminary  or  permanent  mandatory  or
restraining injunction, enjoining the Employee from such further breach of those
provisions of this Agreement.

No delay or omission by the Company or the Employee in  exercising  any right or
remedy under any of the terms of this Agreement shall operate as a waiver of any
rights or remedies which the Company or Employee may have under this  Agreement,
either at law or in equity,  and no single or partial exercise of any such right
shall preclude any other or further  exercise  thereof or of the exercise of any
other right or remedy.

         H. For the purposes of obtaining a temporary, preliminary, or permanent
injunction  or   restraining   injunction,   order  or  decree  to  enforce  the
non-disclosure or non-compete provisions of this Agreement, such action shall be
filed and prosecuted  solely and exclusively in a state or federal court sitting
in San  Antonio,  Bexar  County,  Texas,  and Employee  irrevocably  accepts the
jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Texas, and the federal courts located
in such  State.  Employee  expressly  submits  and  consents  in advance to such
jurisdiction  in any action or suit  commenced  in any such court,  and Employee
hereby  irrevocably  waives any  objection  which  Employee  may have based upon
personal  jurisdiction,  improper  venue  or  forum  non-conveniens  and  hereby
irrevocably  consents to the  granting of such legal or  equitable  relief as is
deemed  appropriate  by such court.  The Employee and the Company,  each with an
adequate  opportunity  to consult with counsel,  hereby  irrevocably  waives any
right  to a trial  by jury in any  injunction  or  arbitration  proceeding.  Any
injunctive  relief  obtained by the  Company  under this  Agreement  shall be in
addition  to any other  relief to which the Company may be entitled to assert in
the arbitration proceeding, at law or in equity. This Agreement was entered into
and is performable in San Antonio,  Bexar County,  Texas.  Employee covenants to
Company and Company  covenants to Employee that no litigation  arising out of or
relating  to this  Agreement  will ever be  commenced  in any court other than a
court sitting in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. The Parties further agree and
covenant  that  the sole  and  exclusive  venue  for any  court  or  arbitration
proceeding shall be in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas.

                   I. This  Agreement  shall be subject to and  governed  by the
laws of the State of Texas

                   J. Employee  acknowledges  and agrees that the  provisions of
Sections  9,  10  and  11 of  this  Agreement  are a  reasonable  and  necessary





                                      E-167








protection of the immediate and substantial  interests of the Company,  that any
violation of these  restrictions  would cause substantial injury to the Company,
and that the Company  would not have entered into certain  transactions  without
the  additional  consideration  offered by Employee  in binding  himself to such
provisions of this Agreement.  In the event of a breach or threatened  breach by
Employee  of the  provisions  of Sections  9, 10 and 11 of this  Agreement,  the
Company shall be entitled to apply to any court of competent  jurisdiction for a
temporary and/or permanent  injunction  restraining Employee from such breach or
threatened  breach;  provided,  however,  that nothing herein contained shall be
construed to preclude the Company from pursuing any other  available  remedy for
such breach or threatened  breach in addition to, or in lieu of, such injunctive
relief.

                  K. The Employee  shall be afforded  indemnification  rights to
the maximum extent provided under Deleware law.

                  L. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts,
any one of which need not contain the signatures of more than one party, but all
such  counterparts  taken together will constitute one and the same  instrument.
Signatures  may be exchanged by telecopy,  with  original  signatures to follow.
Each party to this agreement  agrees that it will be bound by its own telecopied
signature  and that it accepts the  telecopied  signature  of the other party to
this Agreement.

EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.






RIO GRANDE, INC.


By:
Name:
Title:










                                      E-168







EMPLOYEE




Gary Scheele










                                      E-169





                         MASTER COMMODITY SWAP AGREEMENT


       THIS MASTER COMMODITY SWAP AGREEMENT  ("Master  Agreement") is made as of
this _____ day of January,  1997,  by and between , ("Party A"), and RIO GRANDE,
INC. (Party "B").

       The  parties  hereto  anticipate  entering  into  one or  more  commodity
transactions  (each a "Swap  Transaction").  The terms of each Swap  Transaction
entered into hereunder shall be set forth in a written  Confirmation in the form
of Exhibit 1 herein  provided  by Party A to Party B,  which  shall be deemed to
incorporate  by reference the terms and conditions of this Master  Agreement.  A
Confirmation  shall be deemed  conclusive  and binding if no objections are made
within  one  (1)  Business  Day of  receipt  of the  Confirmation.  This  Master
Agreement and all the  Confirmations  constitute a single agreement  between the
parties  (collectively  referred  to as  this  "Agreement").  In the  case  of a
conflict  between this Master  Agreement and any  applicable  Confirmation,  the
terms specified in such Confirmation shall govern.

       The terms "Effective Date",  "Trade Date",  "Payment Date",  "Commodity",
"Fixed Payor", "Fixed Price",  "Market Payor",  "Market Price Index",  "Notional
Amount", "Calculation Periods", "Modified Payment Calculation", and "Termination
Date" , if  applicable,  shall  have  the  meanings  specified  in the  relevant
Confirmation.

1.     Payments.

       (a) Party A shall: (i) perform all calculations required hereunder;  (ii)
determine the Market Price of the  specified  Commodity of any  applicable  Swap
Transaction in accordance with the Market Price Index of each Swap  Transaction;
(iii) determine the amounts required to be paid under each Swap Transaction; and
(iv) notify  Party B, as early as is  practicable  and at least two (2) Business
Days prior to the Payment Date for each Calculation Period, of the party to make
a payment and the amount of such payment.  Neither party shall be liable for any
errors in calculations or determinations,  irrespective that any such errors may
be subsequently discovered and corrected.

       (b) For Transactions identified as a Swap in the Confirmation,  any Fixed
Payor shall pay to the other party, on each applicable  Payment Date relating to
each applicable  Calculation  Period,  an amount equal to the excess, if any, of
the Fixed Amount  (Notional  Amount  times Fixed  Price) over the Market  Amount
(Notional  Amount  times  Market  Price  Index).  Any  Market  Payor  in a  Swap
Transaction  shall pay to the  other  party,  on each  applicable  Payment  Date
relating to each applicable  Calculation  Period, an amount equal to the excess,
if any, of the Market Amount over the Fixed Amount.

       (c) For  Transactions  identified  as Caps,  Floors,  or  Collars  in the
Confirmation,  payment shall be  calculated  as follows:  (i) Where a Cap Strike
Price has been specified, the Market Payor shall pay to the other party, on each
applicable  Payment Date  relating to each  applicable  Calculation  Period,  an
amount equal to the excess,  if any, of the Market Amount (Notional Amount times
Market  Price  Index) over the product of the Cap Strike  Price and the Notional
Amount;  (ii) Where a Floor  Strike Price has been  specified,  the Market Payor
shall pay to the other party, on each  applicable  Payment Date relating to each
applicable  Calculation  Period,  an amount equal to the excess,  if any, of the
product of the Floor Strike Price and the Notional Amount over the Market Amount
(Notional Amount times Market Price Index).

       (d)  Modifications  to these payment  calculations  and  consideration of


                                      E-170





premium amounts,  if necessary,  will be described in the written  Confirmation.
All Payments or deposits of cash  Collateral  under this Agreement shall be made
on the Payment  Date by wire  transfer  in  immediately  available  funds to the
account designated by the payee.  Payment  obligations of the parties due on the
same  Payment Date under this Master  Agreement  and any  Confirmation  shall be
netted, so that only one amount is due from one party to the other.


2.     Collateral Requirements.

       Collateral  will be paid by each  party on the terms and  conditions  set
forth  in any  Collateral  Annex  attached  hereto,  which  Collateral  Annex is
incorporated herein by this reference.

3.     Representations and Warranties.

       Party A and Party B each  represents and warrants,  as of the date hereof
and as of the date of delivery of each Swap Transaction, as follows:

       (a) Its execution,  delivery,  and performance of this Master  Agreement,
all  Confirmations,  and any Swap  Transaction  have been duly authorized by all
necessary  corporate  action  and do not  contravene  any  legal or  contractual
restriction  binding on or  affecting  it, and the person  signing  this  Master
Agreement and each Confirmation is authorized and duly empowered to do so;

                                      E-171





       (b) This Master Agreement,  all  Confirmations,  and any Swap Transaction
entered into are legal, valid, and binding obligations enforceable against it in
accordance   with  its  terms,   except  as  may  be   limited  by   bankruptcy,
reorganization,  moratorium,  or other similar laws affecting  creditor's rights
generally;

       (c) It will enter into Swap Transactions  hereunder as principal only and
not as the agent for any other person;

       (d) It is an "eligible  swap  participant"  that  qualifies  for the safe
harbor  exemption for swap agreements  under the rules of the Commodity  Futures
Trading Commission;

       (e) It has  entered  into  this  Master  Agreement  (including  each Swap
Transaction  evidenced  hereby) in conjunction  with its line of business or the
financing of its business;

       (f)  Party B agrees  that it will  provide  Party A with any  information
regarding its financial  condition as Party A may reasonably  request,  and such
information shall accurately reflect the financial condition of Party B. Party B
will, in any event,  promptly  notify Party A of any material  adverse change in
such  condition,  and either party will  promptly  notify the other party of the
occurrence of any event of default hereunder; and

       (g) In connection  with the  negotiation  of, the entering  into, and the
confirmation   of  the  execution  of  this  Master   Agreement  and  each  Swap
Transaction:

             (1) it is  acting  as  principal  (and not as agent or in any other
capacity, fiduciary or otherwise);

             (2) the other party is not acting as a fiduciary  or  financial  or
investment advisor for it;

             (3) it is not relying upon any  representation  (whether written or
oral) of the other party other than the  representations  expressly set forth in
this Master Agreement;

             (4) the other  party has not given to it  (directly  or  indirectly
through  any  other  person)  any  advice,  counsel,  assurance,  guarantee,  or
representation   whatsoever   as  to  the   expected   or   projected   success,
profitability,  return,  performance,  result, effect,  consequence,  or benefit
(either legal,  regulatory,  tax, financial,  accounting,  or otherwise) of this
Master Agreement or such Swap Transaction;

             (5) it has consulted with its own legal, regulatory, tax, business,
investment,  financial,  and  accounting  advisors  to the  extent it has deemed
necessary,  and it has made its own  investment,  hedging,  and other  decisions
regarding the Swap Transactions  based upon its own judgment and upon any advice
from such advisors as it has deemed  necessary,  and not upon any view expressed
by the other party;

             (6) all  decisions  regarding the Swap  Transactions  have been the
result of arm's length negotiations between the parties; and

             (7) it is  entering  into  this  Master  Agreement  and  such  Swap
Transaction  with a full  understanding  of all of the risks  hereof and thereof
(economic  and  otherwise),  and it is capable of assuming and willing to assume
(financially and otherwise) those risks.


                                      E-172





4.     Events of Default.

       The parties agree they are forward contract  merchants within the meaning
of  Section  556  of  the  Bankruptcy  Code  and  that  the  Swap   Transactions
contemplated  by  this  Agreement  are  subject  to  Section  556 and 560 of the
Bankruptcy Code.

       (a) "Event of Default"  shall mean: (i) any failure by Party A or Party B
to pay any amount as and when due and  payable  under this  Agreement;  (ii) any
representation  or warranty made by Party A or Party B hereunder proving to have
been false or misleading  in any material  respect as of the time it was made or
reaffirmed;  (iii) any  failure by Party A or Party B to  perform,  observe,  or
comply with any other term, covenant,  condition, or provision contained in this
Agreement  and such  failure  continues  for thirty  (30) days after  receipt of
notice of such failure  from the other  party;  (iv) any failure of any party to
provide any Collateral  required pursuant to Section 2 hereto and any applicable
Confirmation;  (v) the initiation of a proceeding by or against Party A or Party
B under the bankruptcy laws of the United States or the bankruptcy or insolvency
laws of any other jurisdiction,  or the making of any assignment for the benefit
of creditors,  an  application  for  appointment  of a receiver,  custodian,  or
trustee,  or the passing of a resolution  for winding up or liquidation by or on
behalf of Party A or Party B; (vi) the  consolidation  or amalgamation  with, or
merger into, or transfer of all of substantially all of the assets of Party A or
Party B to another entity if either (a) the resulting,  surviving, or transferee
entity fails to assume all the  obligations of such party under this  Agreement,
or (b) the  creditworthiness of the resulting,  surviving,  or transferee entity
is, in the reasonable  judgment of the other party,  materially weaker than that
of Party A or Party B, as the case may be, immediately prior to such action; and
(vii) any default, event of default or other similar condition or event (however
described)  in  respect  of  either  party  under  one  or  more  agreements  or
instruments  relating to any obligation or payment  (whether  present or future,
contingent  or  otherwise,  as principal or surety or  otherwise)  in respect of
borrowed money (individually or collectively) in an aggregate amount of not less
than  $25,000,000  for  Party  A or  $200,000  for  Party B  (respectively,  the
"Cross-Default  Threshold") which has resulted in such indebtedness becoming due
and payable under such agreements or instruments  before it would otherwise have
been due and payable.

       (b) Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default, the non-defaulting party
may, but shall not be required to, designate an Early  Termination Date upon two
(2) Business  Days' notice to the  defaulting  party.  On the Early  Termination
Date, the parties'  obligations  under all Swap  Transactions  (the  "Terminated
Transactions")  shall terminate,  except for the obligation contained in Section
4(c) below.

       (c) After notice is delivered  designating an Early Termination Date, the
non-defaulting party will determine the Market Value as of the Early Termination
Date  for  all  Swap  Transactions.  "Market  Value"  is  defined  as (a) if the
non-defaulting  party is the Market Payor,  the Notional Amount times the Market
Price for the commodity as reasonably  determined  by the  non-defaulting  party
("Termination  Price")  less  the  Fixed  Price  (NA x  (TP-FP)),  or (b) if the
non-defaulting  party is the Fixed Price Payor,  the  Notional  Amount times the
Fixed Price less the Termination Price (NA x (FP- TP)). The non-defaulting party
will then calculate:

            (i) the amount owed by the  defaulting  party to the  non-defaulting
party by taking the sum of:

                   (a) the  absolute  value of all negative  Market  Values with
respect to the Terminated Transactions, and


                                      E-173





                   (b) any unpaid  amounts owed to the  non-defaulting  party by
the  defaulting  party  pursuant  to  Section 1  immediately  prior to the Early
Termination Date, and

                   (c) the  amount of any other  damages,  losses,  or  expenses
incurred by the non- defaulting party (determined by the non-defaulting party in
a commercially reasonable manner) in obtaining, liquidating, or employing hedges
against  or  in  replacing  the  terminated  Swap  Transaction  with  equivalent
positions.

             (ii) the amount owed by the non-defaulting  party to the defaulting
party by taking the sum of:

                   (a) all positive Market Values with respect to the Terminated
Transactions, and

                   (b) any unpaid  amounts owed to the  defaulting  party by the
non-defaulting  party  pursuant  to  Section  1  immediately  prior to the Early
Termination Date.

             The party owing the larger amount under (i) and (ii) above will pay
to the other party an amount  equal to the excess of the larger  amount over the
smaller  amount no later than two (2) Business  Days  following  notice from the
non-defaulting  party of the amount due,  plus,  in the case of any amount owing
under this Section (c) by the defaulting  party,  interest from (and  including)
the Early Termination Date until the date such amount is paid.

       (d) The  non-defaulting  party shall  deliver to the  defaulting  party a
statement  containing  in reasonable  detail a  computation  of the amount owing
pursuant  to  the  preceding   paragraph   together   with  such   corroborating
documentation as the defaulting party may reasonably request.

       (e) The  non-defaulting  party's  rights  are in  addition  to and not in
limitation or exclusion of any other rights which the  non-defaulting  party may
have (whether by agreement, operation of law, or otherwise).

5.     Miscellaneous.

       (a) No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Master Agreement, nor
consent to any departure by either party therefrom, nor assignment of any of the
rights  or  obligations  hereunder,  shall be  effective  unless  the same is in
writing and signed by Party A and Party B, and such  waiver or consent  shall be
effective only in the specific  instance and for the specified purpose for which
given.

       (b) A party that  defaults  in the  payment  of any amount due  hereunder
will, to the extent permitted by law, be required to pay interest on all amounts
owed to the other party at the  then-prevailing  prime interest rate established
by the Chase  Manhattan  Bank at its  offices  in New York,  New York,  plus one
percent  (1%),  on demand,  for the period from,  and including the original due
date for payment to, but excluding the date of actual payment.



                                      E-174






      (c)  "Business  Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday or Sunday on
which the New York Mercantile Exchange ("NYMEX") is open for business.

       (d) Each party hereby waives,  with full knowledge and  understanding  of
the consequences of such waiver,  any claim,  cause of action, or right which it
might  otherwise  be entitled to assert  against the other party  regarding  the
validity or enforceability of this Master Agreement under any applicable laws or
regulations.

       (e) This Master  Agreement may be  terminated  by either  party,  upon at
least five (5) Business Days' written notice to the other party,  except that no
such  termination  shall affect the  obligations of the parties  hereunder as to
Swap  Transactions in effect on or prior to the date of termination  without the
prior written consent of the other party.

       (f) Any  notices  required or desired to be given  hereunder  shall be in
writing and shall be mailed or telefaxed as follows:

           If to Party A:



                           Attn:
                           Telephone:
                           Telefax:

           If to Party B:  Rio Grande, Inc.
                           10101 Reunion Place (Union Square Suite 210)
                           San Antonio, Texas   78216
                           Attn:       Gary Scheele
                           Telephone:        210-308-8000
                           Telefax:    210-308-8111

             Notices  provided  hereunder  shall be deemed to have been received
when sent, if provided by telefax,  telex,  or hand, or when deposited in the U.
S. mail,  if provided by first class mail.  In the event that any such notice is
received  after 5:00 P.M.  Central  Time on a Business  Day or is  received on a
non-Business  Day,  delivery  shall be deemed to have been  received on the next
Business Day.

       (g) This  Master  Agreement  shall  be  governed  by,  and  construed  in
accordance  with,  the laws of the State of  Kansas,  without  reference  to the
conflict of laws provisions thereof and without recourse to arbitration, and the
parties hereto consent to the  jurisdiction and venue of the courts of the State
of Kansas or the courts of the United  States  sitting in the State of Kansas in
connection  with any  controversy  or dispute  arising out of or related to this
Agreement.

       IN WITNESS WHEREOF,  the parties hereto have caused this Master Agreement
to be executed by their respective  officers thereunto duly authorized as of the
date first above written.

                                                  PARTY A:





                                                   By:
                                                        ----------------------
                                                      R. C. Aldridge, President

                                      E-175







                                    PARTY B:
                                RIO GRANDE, INC.


                                                   By
                                                      -------------------------

                                   Print Name:
                                                              -----------------

                                                   Title:
                                                         ----------------------

                                      E-176





                                    Exhibit 1
                                SWAP TRANSACTION

      This is executed when a Swap Transaction is completed. The terms listed in
      this  exhibit  are shown as an example  only.  The Master  Commodity  Swap
      Agreement is binding when a Swap Transaction has been executed.

TO:


FROM:


           ATTN:

Dear Sirs:

       The purpose of this Agreement is to set forth the terms and conditions of
the Swap Transaction  entered into between and  ________________________________
on the Trade Date referred to below. This letter constitutes a "Confirmation" as
referred to in the Master Swap Agreement specified below.

      1. This Confirmation  supplements,  forms a part of, and is subject to the
Master  Commodity Swap  Agreement  dated as of  __________________  (the "Master
Agreement") between and __________________________.  All provisions contained or
incorporated   by   reference  in  the  Master   Agreement   shall  govern  this
Confirmation, except as expressly modified below.

      2. The terms of the particular Swap Transaction to which this Confirmation
relates are as follows:

         a. Transaction Type: Swap

         b. Trade Date: (date)

         c. Effective Date: (date)

         d.  Applicable  Commodity:  U. S. Gulf  Coast  Pipeline  Kerosene-based
         Aviation Jet Fuel as defined by Platts or other applicable description

         e. Notional Amount:: xx,xxx barrels per month

         f. Fixed Price: $x.xxxx per gallon

         g. Market Payor:

         h. Market Price Index:  The Unweighted  Arithmetic  Average (rounded to
         the fifth decimal  point) of the low prices  listed for "Jet  Kerosene"
         (c/gal) in the  "Pipeline"  column of the "U. S. Gulf Coast" section of
         the "Spot Price  Assessments"  of the Platt's  Oilgram Price Report for
         each  day  during  the  Calculation  Period  for  which  such  price is
         ordinarily  reported.  The prices used will be those for the  Effective
         Date rather than the dates of Platt's  issues in which those prices are
         reported.  If any such  price is not  reported  in  Platt's  and is not
         otherwise  obtainable  from the  publisher of Platt's,  then such other
         internationally  recognized  price  reporting  service  shall  be  used
         asmutually determined.

         i.  Calculation  Period:   Monthly,   from  mo/day/year  and  including
         mo/day/year

         j.  Payment  Dates:  No later  than the 2nd  Business  Day of the month
         following the last day of the Calculation Period noted herein

         k. Payment  Calculation:  If the Market Price Index for the Calculation
         Period(s)  is  greater  than  the  Fixed  Price,  then  Koch  will  owe
         _____________________ the difference multiplied by the Notional Amount.
         If the Market  Price Index for the  Calculation  Period(s) is less than
         the  Fixed  Price,  then   ______________________  will  owe  Koch  the
         difference multiplied by the Notional Amount.

         l. Termination Date:  Mo/day/year,  which date shall be the last day of
         the term of the Swap Transaction


                                      E-177







Please  confirm  that  the  foregoing  correctly  sets  forth  the  terms of our
agreement by executing the copy of this  Confirmation  enclosed for that purpose
and returning to us.

We are pleased to have completed this transaction with you.


                                             Best regards,





                                             By:
                                                -------------------------------

                                             Title:
                                                   ----------------------------



Accepted and confirmed as of the date first written above:

                                             (Name of Party B)



                                              By:
                                                 -----------------------------

                                              Title:
                                                    ---------------------------

                                End of Exhibit 1

                                      E-178





                                COLLATERAL ANNEX

       The  purpose of this  Annex is to set forth the  conditions  under  which
Party A or Party B will be  required  to pay or deliver  cash,  securities,  and
other property,  together with proceeds thereof  ("Collateral") to the other, as
well as the conditions under which the recipient thereof will return and release
such Collateral.

1.     Definitions.

       For  purposes  of  this  Annex,   the  following  terms  have  respective
definitions  set forth  below  (capitalized  terms used but not  defined in this
Annex shall have the meaning  specified  in the Master  Agreement  to which this
Annex is attached):

       "Aggregate  Exposure" of a party as of any Calculation Date means the sum
of the  Exposures of such party for all Swap  Transactions  outstanding  on such
Calculation Date.

       "Calculation  Date" means the first Business Day of each month, and shall
also mean any other  Business  Day on which Party A chooses or is  requested  by
Party B to make the determinations referred to in Section 3(b) hereof.

       "Collateral" has the meaning set forth in the introduction hereto.

       "Collateral  Value" on any date means: (i) with respect to any Collateral
consisting of Government Obligations, the sum of (A)(1) the mean of the high bid
and low asked prices quoted on such date by any principal  market maker for such
Government  Obligations chosen by Party A, or (2) if no quotations are available
from a principle  market maker for such date,  the mean of such high bid and low
asked  prices as of the day next  preceding  such date on which such  quotations
were  available,  plus (B) the  accrued but unpaid  interest on such  Government
Obligations  (except to the extent included in the applicable  price referred to
in (A) of this  clause  (i)) as of such  date;  (ii)  with  respect  to any cash
Collateral,  the amount of such  cash;  (iii)  with  respect  to any  Collateral
consisting of letters of credit,  the amount  thereof;  and (iv) with respect to
any other Eligible Collateral,  the fair market value of such Collateral on such
date as determined in any reasonable manner chosen by Party A.

       "Credit  Threshold"  with respect to Party A means  $15,000,000  and with
respect to Party B means $500,000;  provided, however, that Party A reserves the
right,  in its sole  discretion,  pursuant  to Party A's normal  and  continuing
credit evaluation procedures, to increase or decrease said threshold.

       "Default"  means an Event of Default or an event or condition  that, with
the giving of notice or lapse of time (or both),  would  constitute  an Event of
Default.

       "Eligible  Collateral" as of any date means:  (i) cash;  (ii)  Government
Obligations;  (iii)  irrevocable  letters  of  credit  issued  to  the  relevant
recipient  specified pursuant to Section 3(b) hereof by such banks on such terms
and in such amounts as such recipient has, in its sole discretion,  agreed to in
writing;  and (iv)  such  other  property  as such  recipient  may,  in its sole
discretion, agree in writing to accept as Collateral.

       "Exposure"  with  respect  to any  Swap  Transaction  outstanding  on any
Calculation  Date  means:  (i) in the case of any  Exposure of Party A, the U.S.
dollar amount, determined by Party A in good faith and in accordance with market
practice, that a proposed assignee would require to be paid by Party B to assume
the rights and obligations of Party A under such Swap  Transaction;  and (ii) in
the case of any Exposure of Party B, the U.S. dollar amount, determined by Party
A in good faith and in accordance with market practice, that a proposed assignee
would  require to be paid by Party A to assume the  rights  and  obligations  of
Party B under such Swap Transaction;  provided, however, that if the Exposure of
either party for a Swap Transaction is negative,  the Exposure of such party for
such Swap Transaction shall be zero.

       "Government Obligations" means direct obligations of the United States of
America,  or obligations  fully  guaranteed as to both principal and interest by
the United  States of  America,  the federal  interest  by the United  States of
America,  the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA), and the Federal Home
Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC), but shall exclude Interest Only and Principle
Only  securities  guaranteed  by either GNMA,  FHMA or FHLMC and  Collateralized
Mortgage  Obligations,  Real Estate Mortgage  Investment  Conduits,  and similar
derivative securities.

       "Material  Adverse Change" means a material adverse change, as determined
by Party A in its sole and absolute  discretion,  in (i) the business  financial
condition  or results  of  operations  of Party B, or (ii) Party B's  ability to
repay its Net Exposure.

       "Minimum  Transfer  Amount" with respect to Party A means  $1,000,000 and
with respect to Party B means $100,000.

                                      E-179


       "Net Exposure"  shall mean the excess,  if any, of one party's  Aggregate
Exposure over the other party's Aggregate  Exposure.  The party with the smaller
Aggregate  Exposure  amount shall be deemed to have a Net Exposure equal to such
excess.

2.     Collateral: Grant of Security Interest.

       (a) Each party  represents and warrants to the other party that it is the
sole legal and  beneficial  owner of any  Collateral  (other than any Collateral
consisting of letters of credit) delivered to the other party, free and clear of
any lien,  security  interest,  claim or encumbrance,  other than the collateral
interest created pursuant hereto.

       (b) Each party  hereby  grants to the other party a security  interest in
all Collateral from time to time paid or delivered  hereunder by or on behalf of
the  delivering  party to the  receiving  party to  secure  the  payment  of all
obligations (now or hereafter existing) of the delivering party under the Master
Agreement.

3.     Delivery of Collateral.

       (a) On each  Calculation  Date,  Party A shall  determine  the  Aggregate
Exposure  for each party and the Net  Exposure  of each  party and shall  notify
Party B in writing of such calculations to the extent the Net Exposure of either
party exceeds its Credit  Threshold.  All calculations  made by Party A shall be
conclusive between the parties in the absence of manifest error.

       (b) If, as of any  Calculation  Date,  either party has a Net Exposure in
excess of its Credit Threshold, then upon request of the exposed party, Eligible
Collateral  shall be provided by and/or  returned so that as a result such party
holds Eligible Collateral with a Collateral Value at least equal to such excess,
provided  that all such  payments  and returns of eligible  Collateral  shall be
rounded to the nearest  integral  multiple of $50,000 (and rounded up if exactly
between two such  integral  multiples)  and such  payment  equals or exceeds the
pledgor's  Minimum Transfer Amount.  If neither party has a Net Exposure,  or if
the Net Exposure of each party is less than its Credit  Threshold,  all Eligible
Collateral shall be returned. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither party shall
have any obligation to convert any Eligible  Collateral held by it into property
of any other type or to return any  Eligible  Collateral  held by it pursuant to
this  Section  3(b) if (i) as a result of such return such  party's Net Exposure
would exceed the Collateral Value of Eligible Collateral held by it by more than
the other party's Credit Threshold, or (ii) there is continuing any Default with
respect to the other party.

       (c) If Party A determines  that Party B has  suffered a Material  Adverse
Change,  then Party A may require Eligible  Collateral be delivered in an amount
equal to the Net Exposure without regard to the Credit Threshold.

       (d)  Cash  Collateral  shall  be  paid by wire  transfer  of  immediately
available  funds to the Designated  Account of the party  receiving the payment.
Non-cash Collateral shall be delivered to the recipient party in accordance with
its instructions. All Eligible Collateral shall be provided (or returned) within
one (1)  Business  Day  after  the  Calculation  Date as of which  the  relevant
computation under Section 3(a) occurred.

       (e)  Return of  Collateral  in  accordance  with this  Section 3 shall be
deemed a release of the  security  interest  granted  pursuant  to Section  2(b)
hereof with respect to such returned Collateral.  In connection with each return
of Collateral  pursuant to this Section 3, each party will,  upon request of the
other party, execute a receipt showing the Collateral returned to it.

4.     Administration of Collateral.

       (a)  Each  party  shall  have  free  and  unrestricted  use of  all  cash
Collateral  provided to it hereunder.  The party  providing such cash Collateral
shall earn interest  thereon,  payable by the recipient party thereof,  from and
including the date of its receipt by such recipient  party to, but excluding the
date such Collateral is returned, replaced, or utilized pursuant to Section 3 or
5 hereof,  at a rate per annum  equal to the  daily  fed  funds  effective  rate
calculated and reported by the Federal  Reserve Bank of New York.  Such interest
shall be  calculated  on the basis of the actual  number of days  elapsed over a
year of 365 days.  Unless a Default shall be continuing with respect to a party,
the net amount of interest due to such party shall be remitted to its Designated
Account on the second Business Day following the end of each calendar month.

       (b) Subject to the next sentence of this Section  4(b),  each party shall
promptly  remit to the other party all  principal  and interest  received by the
receiving   party  in  respect   of  the   non-cash   Collateral   held  by  it.
Notwithstanding the foregoing,  neither party shall be required to so remit such
principal or interest (i) if a Default shall be  continuing  with respect to the
other party,  or (ii) to the extent that  immediately  following such remittance
the  Collateral  Value of all Eligible  Collateral  held by such party should be
less than its Net Exposure in excess of the other party's Credit Threshold.

       (c)  Beyond the  exercise  of  reasonable  care in the  custody  thereof,
neither  party shall have any duty as to any  Collateral  in its  possession  or
control or in the  possession  or control of any agent or bailee for it or as to
any income thereon or as to the  preservation of rights against prior parties or
any  other  rights  pertaining  thereto.  Reasonable  care  in the  custody  and
preservation  of such  Collateral  shall be deemed to have been exercised if the
Collateral is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which the receiving
party accords its own property.






                                      E-180




5.     Exercise of Rights Against Collateral.

       If any Event of Default has occurred and is continuing  with respect to a
party,  the other party may exercise the rights and remedies of a secured  party
under the Master  Agreement or applicable law, and may apply  Collateral held by
it to satisfy the obligations of the defaulting party under the Master Agreement
after the designation of any Early  Termination Date pursuant to Section 4(b) of
the Master Agreement.

6.     Miscellaneous.

       (a) Each party will defend  Collateral  provided by it against the claims
and  demands  of all other  persons,  will keep  such  Collateral  free from all
security  interests  or  other   encumbrances   (except  the  security  interest
hereunder),  and will not sell, transfer,  assign, deliver, or otherwise dispose
of any such Collateral or any interest therein without the prior written consent
of the other party.

       (b) Each party will  execute  and  deliver to the other party (and to the
extent  permitted by applicable  law,  such other party is hereby  authorized to
execute  and  deliver,  in its own name or the  name of the  other  party)  such
financing statements, assignments, and other documents, and do such other things
relating  to  the  Collateral  held  by it and  the  security  interest  granted
hereunder, including anything it may reasonably deem necessary or appropriate to
perfect or maintain perfection of its security interest in such Collateral,  and
the party which paid or delivered such  Collateral  shall pay all costs relating
thereto.

       (c) Each party agrees that it will forthwith upon demand pay to the other
party the amount of any out-of-pocket  expenses which such other party may incur
in connection with the collection, administration, sale or, other disposition of
any Collateral pursuant hereto.



                                      E-181