EX 3.1

RESTATED  ARTICLES OF  INCORPORATION  AS AMENDED  (INCORPORATED  BY REFERENCE TO
EXHIBIT  3(a) TO THE  REGISTRANT'S  FORM 10-K FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30,
1985)

FILED IN THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE OF TEXAS OCT 1 1984 CLERK IIS
CORPORATIONS SECTION

                          ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT TO THE

                       RESTATED ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                         UNITED SERVICES ADVISORS, INC.

     Pursuant to the  provisions  of the Texas  Business  Corporation  Act.  the
undersigned Corporation hereby adopts the following Articles of Amendment to its
Restated Articles of Incorporation.

                                    ARTICLE I

     The name of the Corporation is United Services Advisors, Inc.

                                   ARTICLE II

     The following  amendments to the Restated  Articles of  Incorporation  were
adopted by the  shareholders  of the  Corporation  on the 28th day of  September
1984.

     The amendments delete the provisions of Article Four and add new paragraphs
in substitution therefor, which provide for an increase in the authorized number
of shares of the two classes of common stock,  a stock split,  an  authorization
for the issuance of preferred stock, and a broadening of the restriction against
preemptive  rights to include holders of both common and preferred  shares.  The
Restated Articles of Incorporation are hereby amended as follows:

     Article Four of the Restated Articles of Incorporation is hereby amended by
deleting said Article Four in its entirety and by  substituting as a new Article
Four the following:

                                  "ARTICLE FOUR

"1. GENERAL. The corporation is authorized to issue one class of Preferred Stock
and two classes of Common  Stock,  one  designated  Class A Common Stock and the
other  designated  Class B Common  Stock.  The total  number of shares which the
corporation is authorized to issue is 15,000,000 shares. The number of shares of
Preferred Stock authorized is 5,000,000  shares,  and the par value of each such
share is $1.00.  The  number of shares  of Class A Common  Stock  authorized  is
4,000,000,  and the par value of each such shares if $0.05. The number of shares
of Class B Common Stock  authorized  is 6,000,000 and the par value of each such
share is $0.05.

"2. PREFERRED STOCK.

     "2.1 AUTHORIZATION OF DIRECTORS TO DETERMINE  CERTAIN RIGHTS.  The Board of
          Directors is  authorized,  from time to time,  to divide the preferred
          Stock into Series,  to designate  each  Series,  to fix and  determine
          separately  for each Series any one or more of the following  relative
          rights and  preferences,  and to issue  shares of any  Series  then or
          previously designated, fixed and determined:

          "(A) the rate of dividend;

          "(B) the price at and the terms and  conditions on which shares may be
               redeemed;

          "(C) the  amount   payable   upon  shares  in  event  of   involuntary
               liquidation;

          "(D) the amount payable upon shares in event of voluntary liquidation;

          "(E) sinking fund  provisions  (if any) for the redemption or purchase
               of shares;

          "(F) the terms and  conditions on which shares may be converted if the
               shares of any Series are issued with the privilege of conversion;
               and

          "(G) voting  rights  (including  the  number of votes per  share,  the
               matters on which the shares can vote, and the contingencies which
               make the voting rights effective.)

     "2.2. PREFERENCES, POWERS, LIMITATIONS AND RELATIVE RIGHTS.

          "(A")GENERAL.  Except as provided in this Article Four,  all shares of
               Preferred Stock shall have preferences, limitations, and relative
               rights identical with each other.  Except as otherwise  expressly
               provided by law,  shares of  Preferred  Stock shall have only the
               preferences and relative rights  expressly stated in this Article
               Four.

          "(B) DIVIDENDS.

               "(1) AMOUNT;  TIME. The Preferred  Stock at the time  outstanding
                    shall be entitled  to  receive,  when and as declared by the
                    Board  of  Directors,  out of any  funds  legally  available
                    therefor,  dividends  at the  rate  fixed  by the  Board  of
                    Directors  (pursuant to paragraph  2.1 above),  and no more,
                    payable  semi-annually  on the 15th day of January  and July
                    each year.

               "(2) CUMULATIVITY.   Dividends  on   Preferred   Stock  shall  be
                    cumulative  from date of  issue.  Cumulations  of  dividends
                    shall not bear interest.

               "(3) PRIORITY OVER COMMON; RESTRICTION ON PURCHASES OF COMMON. No
                    dividend  shall be  declared  or paid on any class of Common
                    Stock,  and no shares of any class of Common  Stock shall be
                    purchased  by the  corporation,  unless  full  dividends  on
                    outstanding  Preferred  Stock for all past dividend  periods
                    and for the current dividend period shall have been declared
                    and paid.

               "(4) PARITY AMONG  SERIES.  No dividend  shall be declared on any
                    Series  of  Preferred  Stock:  (a) for any  dividend  period
                    unless  all  dividends  cumulated  for  all  prior  dividend
                    periods  shall have been  declared or shall then be declared
                    at the same time upon all Preferred Stock then  outstanding;
                    of (b(  unless  a  dividend  for the  same  period  shall be
                    declared  at the same time  upon all  Preferred  Stock  then
                    outstanding  in like  proportion  to the dividend  rate then
                    declared.

          "(C) LIQUIDATION PREFERENCE. In event of dissolution,  liquidation, or
               winding up of the corporation (whether voluntary or involuntary),
               after  payment or  provision  for payment of debts but before any
               distribution  to the  holders  of  shares  of any class of Common
               Stock,  the  holders  of each  Series  of  Preferred  Stock  then
               outstanding  shall be entitled to receive the amount fixed by the
               Board of Directors  (pursuant to paragraph  2.1 above) plus a sum
               equal to all  cumulated  but  unpaid  dividends  (whether  or not
               earned or  declared) to the date fixed for  distribution,  and no
               more. All remaining  assets shall be  distributed  pro rata among
               the  holders  of the  shares of Class A Common  Stock and Class B
               Common Stock.  If the assets  distributable  among the holders of
               Preferred Stock are  insufficient to permit full payment to them,
               the entire assets shall be  distributed  among the holders of the
               Preferred  Stock in  proportion to their  respective  liquidation
               preferences.  None  of the  following  events  is a  dissolution,
               liquidation,  or winding up within the meaning of this paragraph:
               consolidation,  merger, or reorganization of the corporation with
               any  other   corporation   or   corporations,   sale  of  all  or
               substantially all the assets of the corporation,  or any purchase
               or  redemption  by the  corporation  of  any  of its  outstanding
               shares.

          "(D) REDEMPTION.

               "(1) RIGHT;  METHOD. All or any part of any one or more Series of
                    Preferred  Stock may be redeemed at any time or times at the
                    option of the  corporation,  by  resolution  of the Board of
                    Directors,  in accordance  with the terms and  conditions of
                    this  Article Four and those fixed by the Board of Directors
                    (pursuant  to  paragraph  2.1 above).  The  corporation  may
                    redeem  shares of any one or more Series  without  redeeming
                    shares of any other  Series.  If less than all the shares of
                    any Series are to be  redeemed,  the shares of the Series to
                    be redeemed  shall be selected  ratably or any lot or by any
                    other equitable method determined by the Board of Directors.

               "(2) NOTICE. Notice shall be given to the holders of shares to be
                    redeemed, either personally or by mail, not less than twenty
                    (20) nor more than fifty (50) days before the date fixed for
                    redemption.

               "(3) PAYMENT.  Redeemed  shares shall be paid in cash, the amount
                    fixed by the Board of Directors  (pursuant to paragraph  2.1
                    above) plus a sum equal to all cumulated by unpaid dividends
                    (whether  or not earned or  declared)  to the date fixed for
                    redemption, and no more.

               "(4) PROVISION  FOR  PAYMENT.  On or  before  the date  fixed for
                    redemption, the corporation may provide for payment of a sum
                    sufficient to redeem the shares called for redemption either
                    (i) by setting aside the sum, separate from its other funds,
                    in trust for the  benefit of the holders of the shares to be
                    redeemed,  or (ii) by depositing such sum in a bank or trust
                    company  (either one in Texas having  capital and surplus of
                    at least Ten Million Dollars [$10,000,000]  according to its
                    latest statement of condition, or one anywhere in the United
                    States duly  appointed  and acting as transfer  agent of the
                    corporation) as a trust fund, with irrevocable  instructions
                    and  authority  to the  bank  or  trust  company  to give of
                    complete  the notice of  redemption  and to pay, on or after
                    the date  fixed  for  redemption,  the  redemption  price on
                    surrender  of  their  respective  share  certificates.   The
                    holders  may  be  evidenced  by  a  list  certified  by  the
                    corporation (by its president or a vice president and by its
                    secretary  or an  assistant  secretary)  or by its  transfer
                    agent. If the corporation so provides for payment, then from
                    and after  the date  fixed for  redemption:  (a) the  shares
                    shall be deemed to be redeemed,  (b) dividends thereon shall
                    cease to accrue,  (C)such  setting aside or deposit shall be
                    deemed to  constitute  full payment for the shares,  (d) the
                    shares shall no longer be deemed to be outstanding,  (e) the
                    holders thereof shall cease to be shareholders  with respect
                    to such  shares,  and (f) the  holders  shall have no rights
                    with respect  thereto  except the right to receive  (without
                    interest)  their  proportionate  shares  of the funds so set
                    aside  or  deposited  upon  surrender  of  their  respective
                    certificates, and any right to convert such shares which may
                    exist.  Any  interest  accrued  on  funds  so set  aside  or
                    deposited shall belong to the corporation. If the holders of
                    the shares do not,  within six (6) years after such deposit,
                    claim any amount so deposited for  redemption  thereof,  the
                    bank or trust  company  shall  upon  demand  pay over to the
                    corporation  the balance of the funds so deposited,  and the
                    bank or trust  company  shall  thereupon  be relieved of all
                    responsibility to such holders.

               "(5) STATUS OF REDEEMED  SHARES.  Shares of Preferred Stock which
                    are redeemed  shall be canceled and shall be restored to the
                    status of authorized but unissued shares.

          "(E) PURCHASE. Except as specified in paragraph 2.2B(3) nothing herein
               shall limit the right of the  corporation  to purchase any of its
               outstanding  shares of Preferred Stock in accordance with law, by
               public or private transaction.  

          "(F")VOTING.  Except as fixed by the Board of  Directors  (pursuant to
               paragraph 2.1 above), and except as otherwise  expressly provided
               by law,  all voting power shall be in the Class A Common Stock as
               provided for in paragraph  3.2A below,  and none in the Preferred
               Stock.  Where  Preferred  Stock as a class has voting power,  all
               Series of Preferred Stock shall be a single class.

"3. COMMON STOCK.

     "3.1.PREFERENCES,  POWERS, LIMITATIONS, AND RELATIVE RIGHTS. Class A Common
          Stock and Class B Common Stock shall have the same powers, preferences
          and rights except as limited in this Article Four.

     "3.2.CLASS A COMMON STOCK.

          "(A) VOTING  POWERS.  The  holders  of shares of Class A Common  Stock
               shall have full voting rights at any annual or special meeting of
               the  shareholders  and as  provided  for in  the  Texas  Business
               Corporation Act.

          "(B) CONVERSION  RIGHTS.  Shares  of  Class A  Common  Stock  shall be
               convertible,  at the option of the  respective  holders  thereof,
               into shares of Class B Common Stock on a  share-for-share  basis,
               at any time.

          "(C) AUTHORIZED  SHARES AND PAR VALUE. The number of shares of Class A
               Common  Stock  authorized  shall be 4,000,000  shares,  each such
               share having a par value of $0.05 per share.

          "(D) PURCHASE.  The  corporation  has the right to purchase any of its
               outstanding  shares of Class A Common  Stock in  accordance  with
               law, by public or private transaction.

     "3.3. CLASS B COMMON STOCK.

          "(A) VOTING  POWERS.  The  holders  of shares of Class B Common  Stock
               shall have no power to vote at any  annual or special  meeting of
               the shareholders, except as may be required by the Texas Business
               Corporation Act.

          "(B) NO CONVERSION RIGHTS. Shares of Class B Common Stock shall not be
               convertible into shares of Class A Common Stock.

          "(C) AUTHORIZED  SHARES AND PAR VALUE. The number of shares of Class B
               Common  Stock  authorized  shall be 6,000,000  shares,  each such
               share having a par value of $0.05 per share.

          "(D) PURCHASE.  The  corporation  has the right to purchase any of its
               outstanding  shares of Class B Common  Stock in  accordance  with
               law, by public or private transaction.

"4.  DENIAL  OF  PREEMPTIVE  RIGHTS.  No  holder  of  shares of any class of the
corporation,  Preferred or Common,  shall have any preemptive right to subscribe
for or acquire  additional  shares of the  corporation  of the same or any other
class,  whether  such shares  shall be hereby or  hereafter  authorized;  and no
holder of shares of any class of the corporation shall have any right to acquire
any  shares  which  may be held in the  treasury  of the  corporation.  All such
additional or treasury shares may be sold for such consideration,  at such time,
and to such  person or persons as the Board of  Directors  may from time to time
determine."

                                   ARTICLE III

     Each such  amendment  made by these  Articles of  Amendment to the Restated
Articles of Incorporation has been effected in conformity with the provisions of
the Texas Business Corporation Act, and such amendments were duly adopted by the
shareholders of the Corporation on SEPTEMBER 28, 1994.

                                   ARTICLE IV

     The  number  of shares  entitled  to vote on the  amendments  made by these
Articles  of  Amendment  to the  Restated  Articles of  Incorporation,  the same
constituting  all of the outstanding  shares of the  Corporation,  was 1,069,068
shares of Class A Common  Stock.  The  number of shares of Class A Common  Stock
which voted for such amendment was 809,822,  and the number of shares of Class A
Common Stock which voted against such amendment was 376.

                                    ARTICLE V

     Any exchange,  reclassification  or  cancellation of issued shares provided
for in the amendments shall be effected in the following manner:

     Each outstanding  shares of Class A Common Stock, of par value of $0.10 per
     share, shall become two (2) shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.05
     per share,  effective  upon the  issuance by the  Secretary of the State of
     Texas  of  the  Certificate  of  Amendment  to  the  Restated  Articles  of
     Incorporation,  whereupon each outstanding  certificate which, prior to the
     time of issuance of such Certificate of Amendment to the Restated  Articles
     of  Incorporation,  represented  shares of Class A Common Stock,  par value
     $0.10 per share,  shall  evidence  for all purposes two times the number of
     shares  evidenced by said  certificate  of Class A Common Stock,  par value
     $0.05 per share, of the corporation.

                                   ARTICLE VI

     The amendments do not effect a change in the amount of stated  capital.  

     IN WITNESS  WHEREOF,  we have  hereunto  set our hands this the 28th day of
September, 1984.

                                       UNITED SERVICES ADVISORS, INC.

                                       /S/ CLARK AYLSWORTH PRES)
                                       ------------------------------
                                       Clark Aylsworth, President

                                       /S/ MARY JANE WEBER
                                       ------------------------------  
                                       Mary Jane Weber, Secretary

THE STATE OF TEXAS    ss.

COUNTY OF BEXAR       ss.

     Before me, a notary public, on this day personally appeared CLARK AYLSWORTH
and MARY JANE WEBER, known to me to be the persons whose names are subscribed to
the  foregoing  document,  and being by me first duly sworn,  declared  that the
statements therein contained are true and correct.

     Given  under my hand and seal of office this 28th day of  September,  A.D.,
1984

                                       /S/ T. DREW CAUTHORN
                                       ------------------------------  
                                       Notary Public in and for
                                       The State of Texas
                                       My commission expires:
                                       8/23/88