COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES EXHIBIT 12 ( in thousands ) Years ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 EARNINGS AS DEFINED: Earnings from operations before income taxes after eliminating undistributed earnings of 20%- to 50%-owned affiliates $ 221,565 $ 179,127 $ 185,611 Fixed charges excluding capitalized interest and preferred stock dividends of majority-owned subsidiary companies 13,050 15,652 20,966 Earnings as defined $ 234,615 $ 194,779 $ 206,577 FIXED CHARGES AS DEFINED: Interest expense, including amortization of debt issue costs $ 9,629 $ 11,223 $ 16,274 Interest capitalized 749 447 Portion of rental expense representative of the interest factor 3,421 4,429 3,696 Preferred stock dividends of majority-owned subsidiary companies 80 80 80 Share of interest expense related to guaranteed debt 50%-owned affiliated company 996 Fixed charges as defined $ 13,879 $ 16,179 $ 21,046 RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES 16.90 12.04 9.82