Exhibit 3.1

                                                                  A467587
                                                                  ENDORSED
                                                                     FILED
                                   In the office of the Secretary of State
                                                Of the State of California

                                                               OCT 31 1995
                                            BILL JONES; Secretary of State

                               AGREEMENT OF MERGER

                                      AMONG

                          SIERRA HEALTH SERVICES, INC.

                            HEALTH ACQUISITION CORP.

                                       AND

                               CII FINANCIAL, INC.

         THIS AGREEMENT OF MERGER, is entered into to be effective on the
Effective Date set forth below by and among Sierra Health Services, Inc., a
Nevada corporation ("Sierra"), Health Acquisition Corp., a California
corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sierra ("Sierra Sub"), and
CII Financial, Inc., a California corporation ("CII").

                               W I T N E S S E T H

         WHEREAS,  the parties to this Agreement have  determined  that it is in
the best interests of each of them to merge Sierra Sub with and into CII.

         NOW,  THEREFORE,  in  consideration  of the  premises  and  the  mutual
covenants  set forth  below,  and other  good and  valuable  consideration,  the
receipt and  sufficiency  of which is hereby  acknowledged,  the parties to this
Agreement hereby agree as follows:

                                A G R E E M E N T

         1. Merger.  Upon the Effective Date, as defined below, Sierra Sub shall
be merged with and into CII (the "Merger") in accordance  with the provisions of
the California  General  Corporation Law (California  Corporations  Code Section
1100 et seq. (the "Law")). For purposes of the Law and this Agreement, CII shall
be  the  surviving  corporation,  and  Sierra  Sub  shall  be  the  disappearing
corporation.

         2.       Name.    The name of the surviving corporation shall be
"CII Financial, Inc."

         3.       Effective Date.   The Merger shall become effective at
11:59 p.m. Pacific Standard Time on October 31, 1995 (the "Effective Date").

         4.  Compliance  with Law.  The parties  shall take such steps as may be
necessary under the Law or otherwise to give effect to this Agreement, including
the filing of a copy of this  Agreement in the offices of the Secretary of State
of the State of California,  together with the certificates  required by Section
1103 of the Law.

         5.       Articles of Incorporation.  On the Effective Date, Article IV
of the Articles of Incorporation of the surviving corporation shall be amended
to read in its entirety as provided in Exhibit A attached hereto and
incorporated herein.

         6.  Effect  on  Outstanding   Shares  of  Disappearing   and  Surviving
Corporation.  On the  Effective  Date,  by virtue of the Merger and  without any
action on the part of the holder of any  shares of common  stock,  stated  value
$.50 per share,  of CII (the "CII Common Stock") or capital stock of Sierra Sub,
except  for  shares  of CII  Common  Stock as to which  dissenters'  rights  are
perfected under the General Corporation Law of California:

                  (a) Each issued and outstanding  share of the capital stock of
Sierra Sub shall be converted  into and become one fully paid and  nonassessable
share  of  common  stock,   stated  value  $.50  per  share,  of  the  surviving
corporation.

                  (b) All shares of CII  Common  Stock that are owned by Sierra,
Sierra Sub or any other wholly-owned  subsidiary of Sierra shall be canceled and
retired and shall  cease to exist and no stock of Sierra or other  consideration
shall be delivered in exchange therefor.

                  (c) (i) Subject to Section 6(d),  each issued and  outstanding
share of CII Common Stock (other than shares to be cancelled in accordance  with
Section 6(b) shall be  converted  into the right to receive .370 of a fully paid
and  nonassessable  share of common stock,  par value $.005 per share, of Sierra
(the "Sierra Common Stock"),  including the corresponding  percentage of a right
(the  "Right") to  purchase  shares of Series A Junior  Participating  Preferred
Stock of Sierra pursuant to the Rights Agreement (the "Rights  Agreement") dated
as of June 14,  1994  between  Sierra  and  Continental  Stock  Transfer & Trust
Company,  as Rights Agent.  Prior to the "distribution  date" (as defined in the
Rights Agreement), all references in this Agreement to Sierra Common Stock to be
received pursuant to the Merger shall be deemed to include the Rights.  All such
shares  of  CII  Common  stock  shall  no  longer  be   outstanding   and  shall
automatically be cancelled and retired and shall cease to exist, and each holder
of a  certificate  representing  any such shares  shall cease to have any rights
with respect  thereto,  except the right to receive the shares of Sierra  Common
Stock  to be  issued  in  consideration  therefor  upon  the  surrender  of such
certificate, without interest.

                  (ii) With  respect  to CII's 7 1/2%  Convertible  Subordinated
Debentures Due 2001 (the "CII Debentures") issued pursuant to the Indenture (the
"Indenture")  dated as of  September  15,  1991  between  CII and  Manufacturers
Hanover Trust Company, as Trustee (the "Trustee"),  and pursuant to an indenture
supplemental  thereto to be executed by and among CII,  Sierra and the  Trustee,
the CII Debentures will no longer be convertible  into CII Common Stock and will
become  convertible  into Sierra Common Stock. The price at which such shares of
Sierra Common Stock shall be delivered  upon  conversion  of the CII  Debentures
shall be the quotient of the "conversion price" (as defined in the Indenture) in
effect  immediately  prior to the  Effective  Date  divided by .370,  subject to
further adjustment as provided in the Indenture.

                  (iii)  With  respect  to CII's  stock  option  plans (the "CII
Plans"),  each outstanding  option to purchase shares of CII Common Stock issued
pursuant  to the CII Plans  will be assumed  by Sierra  and will  constitute  an
option to acquire  the same number of shares of Sierra  Common  Stock into which
such shares  would have been  converted  pursuant to the Merger had such options
been exercised immediately prior to the Effective Date.

         (d) No fractions  of a share of Sierra  Common Stock shall be issued in
the  Merger,  but in lieu  thereof  each  holder of shares of CII  Common  Stock
otherwise  entitled to a fraction of a share of Sierra Common Stock shall,  upon
surrender of his or her certificate or  certificates,  be entitled to receive an
amount of cash (without  interest)  determined by multiplying  the closing price
for Sierra  Common  Stock as reported on the New York Stock  Exchange  Composite
Transactions  on the  business day two days prior to the  Effective  date by the
fractional share interest to which such holder would otherwise be entitled.

         7.       Effect of Merger.  The effect of the Merger shall be as
prescribed by the Law.  Pursuant to Section 1107 of the Law, without any further
act of the parties:

         (a) On the Effective  Date, the separate  existence of Sierra Sub shall
cease, and the surviving  corporation shall succeed,  without other transfer, to
all the  rights  and  properties  of Sierra  Sub and shall be subject to all the
debts and  liabilities  of  Sierra  Sub in the same  manner as if the  surviving
corporation had itself incurred them.

         (b) After the  Effective  Date,  all rights of creditors  and all liens
upon the  property  of Sierra Sub shall be  preserved  unimpaired,  provided  of
Sierra Sub shall be preserved unimpaired, provided that such liens of Sierra Sub
shall be limited  to the  property  affected  thereby  immediately  prior to the
Effective Date.

         (c) After the Effective  Date,  any action or proceeding  pending by or
against Sierra Sub may be prosecuted to judgment, which shall bind the surviving
corporation,   or  the  surviving   corporation  may  be  proceeded  against  or
substituted in place of Sierra Sub.

         8.       Miscellaneous.

                  8.1  Governing   Law.   This   Agreement,   the   transactions
contemplated  hereby and the rights of the parties hereunder and under statutory
and common law with  respect to the  transactions  contemplated  hereby shall be
governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California.

                  8.2      Headings.  The headings and subheadings used in this
Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not be considered in
construing this Agreement.

                  8.3 Counterpart  Execution.  This Agreement may be executed in
two or more  counterparts  all of  which  shall be  considered  one and the same
agreement and shall become  effective  when two or more  counterparts  have been
signed by each of the  parties  and  delivered  to the other  parties,  it being
understood that all parties need not sign the same counterpart.

                  IN WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the parties  hereto have  executed  this
Agreement as of October 20, 1995.

                                            SIERRA HEALTH SERVICES, INC.

                                            By:__________/s/_________________

                                                     Erin E. MacDonald
                                                     President

______/s/__________________

  Frank E. Collins
     Secretary

                                            HEALTH ACQUISITION CORP.

                                            By:____________/s/________________

                                                     Erin E. MacDonald
                                                     President

______/s/___________________

Frank E. Collins
  Secretary

                                            CII FINANCIAL, INC.

                                            By:_____________________________
                                                Joseph G. Havlick
                                                Chairman of the Board, Chief
                                                Executive Officer and President

- ------------------------
  Richard E. Dobson
     Secretary





IN WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the parties  hereto have  executed  this  Agreement  as of
October 20, 1995.

                                            SIERRA HEALTH SERVICES, INC.

                                            By:__________/s/_________________

                                                     Erin E. MacDonald
                                                     President

______/s/__________________

  Frank E. Collins
     Secretary

                                            HEALTH ACQUISITION CORP.

                                            By:____________/s/________________

                                                     Erin E. MacDonald
                                                     President

______/s/___________________

Frank E. Collins
  Secretary

                                            CII FINANCIAL, INC.

                                            By:__________/s/___________________

                                              Joseph G. Havlick
                                              Chairman of the Board, Chief
                                              Executive Officer and President

____/s/____________________

  Richard E. Dobson
     Secretary





                                    EXHIBIT A

                                       IV

         "The  corporation  is  authorized  to issue only one class of shares of
stock which shall be designated as "Common Stock" and the total number of shares
which this corporation is authorized to issue is one thousand (1,000)."






                             CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL
                                       OF
                               AGREEMENT OF MERGER
                                       OF
                               CII FINANCIAL, INC.

         Joseph G. Havlick and Richard E. Dobson do hereby certify that:

         1.       They are the President and Secretary, respectively, of CII
Financial, Inc., A California corporation (the "Corporation").

         2.       The principal Terms of the agreement of merger in the form
attached hereto were duly approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

         3.       There is only one class of shares of the Corporation and the
total number of outstanding shares entitled to vote on the agreement of merger
is 7,187,721 shares.

         4. The principal  terms of the agreement of merger in the form attached
hereto were duly approved by the  Corporation  by the vote of a number of shares
that equaled or exceeded the vote required.

         5.       The percentage vote required is ore than 50% of the
outstanding shares.

         We further declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State
of  California  that the  matters  set  forth in this  Certificate  are true and
correct of our own knowledge.

DATE:  October 31, 1995

                          __________/s/________________________
                          Joseph G. Havlick, President

                          __________/s/________________________
                          Richard E. Dobson, Secretary





                             CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL
                                       OF
                               AGREEMENT OF MERGER
                                       OF
                            HEALTH ACQUISITION CORP.

         Erin E. MacDonald and Frank E. Collins do hereby certify that:

         1.       They are the president and the secretary, respectively, of
Health Acquisition Corp., a California corporation (the "Corporation").

         2.       The principal Terms of the agreement of merger in the form
attached hereto were duly approved by the board of directors of the corporation.

         3.       There is only one class of shares of the Corporation and the
total number of outstanding shares entitled to vote on the agreement of merger
is 100.

         4. The principal  terms of the agreement of merger in the form attached
hereto were duly approved by the  Corporation  by the vote of a number of shares
which equaled or exceeded the vote required.

         5.       The percentage vote required is ore than 50% of the
outstanding shares.

         6.       The vote required of the shareholders of Sierra Health
Services, Inc., the parent of the Corporation, was obtained.

         We further declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State
of  California  that the  matters  set  forth in this  certificate  are true and
correct of our own knowledge.

Date:  October 31, 1995.
               --

                                            __________/s/__________________
                                            Erin E. MacDonald, President

                                            __________/s/__________________
                                            Frank E. Collins, Secretary





                                                                       1622843
                                                                      ENDORSED
                                                                         FILED
                                       In the office of the Secretary of State
                                       Of the State of California

                                       SEP 15 1998
                                       MARCH FONG EU; Secretary of State

                            ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                               CII FINANCIAL, INC.

                                        I

         The name of this corporation is CII FINANCIAL, INC.

                                       II

         The  purpose  of this  corporation  is to engage in any  lawful  act or
activity for which a corporation may be organized under the General  Corporation
Law of California other than the banking business, the trust company business or
the practice of a profession permitted to be incorporated.

                                       III

The name and address in the State of  California of this  corporation's  initial
agent for service of process is:  Joseph G. Havlick,  4001 West Alameda  Avenue,
Suite 301, Burbank, California 91505.

                                       IV

         The  corporation  is  authorized  to issue  only one class of shares of
stock which  shall be  designated  as "Common  Stock";  and the total  number of
shares which this  corporation  is  authorized  to issue is one hundred  million
(100,000,000).

                                        V

         Section  1. The  liability  of the  directors  of the  corporation  for
monetary  damages shall be eliminated to the fullest  extent  permissible  under
California law.

         Section 2. The corporation is authorized to provide  indemnification of
agents (as defined in Section 317 of the California  Corporations  Code) through
bylaw  provisions,   agreements  with  the  agents,   vote  of  shareholders  or
disinterested   directors,  or  otherwise,  in  excess  of  the  indemnification
otherwise  permitted  by  limits  set  forth in  Section  204 of the  California
Corporations  Code with respect to actions for breach of duty to the corporation
or its shareholders.  The corporation is further authorized to provide insurance
for  agents as set forth in Section  317 of the  California  Corporations  Code,
provided  that,  in cases  where the  corporation  owns all or a portion  of the
shares of the  company  issuing the  insurance  policy,  the company  and/or the
policy must meet one of the two sets of conditions  set forth in Section 317, as
amended.





CIIF ARTICLES

PAGE 2

         Section 3. Any repeal or  modification  of the foregoing  provisions of
this  Article V by the  shareholders  of this  corporation  shall not  adversely
affect any right or protection of an agent of this  corporation  existing at the
time of such repeal or modification.

DATED:  September 13, 1988.


                                    ___________/s/____________________
                                    Trude A. Tsujimoto
                                    Incorporator

         I hereby  declare  that I am the  person  who  executed  the  foregoing
Articles of Incorporation, which execution is my act and deed.

                                    _________/s/______________________

                                    Trude A. Tsujimoto