Management's Discussion and Analysis
Dollars in millions, except per share data
The following discussion and analysis provides information that management
believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of the Company's
consolidated results of operations and financial condition. The discussion
should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and
notes thereto.
Strategic Initiatives (forward-looking information)
We are undertaking a three-phase strategy to build on our fundamental strengths
and create growth opportunities. In July 1998, we announced Phase I of our
strategy, which involved: reorganizing our business groups on a global basis,
restructuring our editorial organization, establishing new reporting
relationships and reassigning some of our executives.
We made further refinements to our organizational structure in late fiscal 1999
to finalize the global operating segments defined in the Results of Operations:
Company-Wide section of this report.
We announced Phase II of our strategy in September 1998, which targets:
o reducing costs and streamlining processes;
o raising capital by selling some underproductive assets; and
o restructuring some underproductive businesses.
Actions that we have taken as part of the ongoing Phase II include:
o reducing the number of individual promotional mailings globally, including
eliminating related product development and overhead costs. The purpose of
this action is to increase response rates on continuing mailings;
o reducing the circulation rate base for Reader's Digest magazine in the
United States and in most international markets. The purpose of this
action is to improve the efficiency of our promotional spending;
o eliminating or redirecting some product lines, including adult and
children's retail book publishing, the Today's Best Nonfiction(R) book
series, and video or music businesses in selected international markets;
o selling our publishing operations in South Africa and closing our
operations in Chile, Colombia and Peru;
o consolidating our operations in Benelux, the Nordic countries, Germany and
Switzerland, and those in the Czech Republic and Hungary;
o selling important works from our fine art collection;
o outsourcing support functions where it is cost-effective;
o consolidating suppliers and combining purchasing efforts for greater
negotiating leverage;
o selling international real estate holdings, including those in the United
Kingdom, Canada and Italy; and
o reducing our quarterly dividend from $0.225 per share to $0.05 per share.
We announced Phase III of our strategy in February 1999. Phase III targets
long-term growth. The key elements of Phase III include:
o expanding our presence in five areas of intense consumer interest--health,
home, family, finance and faith;
o selling non-publishing products and services in those areas;
o continuing our geographic expansion;
o developing new marketing channels;
o broadening our customer base to include more younger customers and more
products for older customers; and
o integrating the Internet into all of our businesses.
To implement Phase III, we expect to invest in internal growth opportunities in
our core businesses. We also expect to target acquisitions and form alliances
that leverage our core strengths.
Fiscal 2000 Outlook (forward-looking information)
We expect further significant operating profit improvements and single-digit
revenue declines in our core businesses in 2000 as we continue to implement our
strategy. However, year-over-year profit improvement could be moderated by
investments in major growth initiatives as discussed within the Strategic
Initiatives section of this report.
Results of Operations: Company-Wide
During 1999, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
(SFAS) No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information." Results of operations have been restated for prior periods to
conform to the operating segments described below:
o Global Books and Home Entertainment publishes and markets Condensed Books,
series and general books, as well as music and video products.
o U.S. Magazines publishes Reader's Digest magazine and several special
interest magazines in the United States. These magazines and other
products are sold through direct and retail marketing, including the
activities of QSP, Inc. (QSP).
o International Magazines publishes Reader's Digest magazine in numerous
editions and languages outside the United States.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of operating profit has been written
excluding the effect of other operating items of $37.9 in 1999, $70.0 in 1998
and $35.0 in 1997.
Other operating items for 1999 include costs associated with cost-reduction and
reengineering activities, including employee retirement and severance benefits,
discontinuation of certain
unproductive businesses and outsourcing initiatives. The Company also recorded
impairment losses as a result of reengineering efforts, relating principally to
computer hardware and software that will no longer be used in the Company's
operations. In addition, the Company adjusted its remaining accrual balances
from costs originally recorded in prior years and from estimates for certain
claims against the Company.
Other operating items in prior years relate to costs for initiatives that are
substantially complete. These costs primarily relate to workforce reductions,
the discontinuation of certain businesses, and the realignment of business
processes and operations.
Years ended June 30,
---------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
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Revenues
Global Books and Home Entertainment $1,544.3 $1,680.2 $1,891.5
U.S. Magazines 664.3 656.3 625.5
International Magazines 323.6 354.7 379.5
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Total revenues $2,532.2 $2,691.2 $2,896.5
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Operating profit (loss)
Global Books and Home Entertainment $ 80.8 $ 50.0 $ 161.2
U.S. Magazines 101.7 64.9 67.1
International Magazines (15.5) (14.7) (0.5)
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Segment operating profit 167.0 100.2 227.8
Other operating items (37.9) (70.0) (35.0)
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Total operating profit $ 129.1 $ 30.2 $ 192.8
================================================================================
Revenues and Operating Profit
1999 v. 1998
Revenues decreased 6% in 1999 to $2,532.2, compared with $2,691.2 in 1998.
Excluding the adverse effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates,
revenues decreased 5%. The decline in revenues was largely attributable to lower
volumes in Global Books and Home Entertainment. The decrease in Global Books and
Home Entertainment largely resulted from a strategic reduction in mail
quantities, promotional mailings and marginally profitable activities. These
reductions were principally among general books products and, to a lesser
extent, music products in the United States. Modest growth in U.S. Magazines
principally resulted from higher advertising revenues, revenue growth at QSP and
the acquisition of American Woodworker, partially offset by a decrease in
circulation revenues from a strategic reduction in the circulation rate base of
Reader's Digest magazine. Revenues from International Magazines declined
principally as a result of reduced circulation, particularly in the United
Kingdom and Germany, and in Russia, where operations were scaled back in
response to the Russian economic crisis. The declines in International Magazines
revenues were partially offset by subscription price increases primarily in the
United Kingdom, and revenue growth in Brazil.
Operating profit increased 67% in 1999 to $167.0, compared with $100.2 in 1998.
Operating profit increased significantly in the Global Books and Home
Entertainment and U.S. Magazines segments. The primary reason for the increase
was a strategic reduction in the number of mailings and mail quantities within
each mailing, which reduced product, promotion, and related product development
and overhead costs. Additionally, overhead costs were lower, primarily as a
result of reengineering activities and a reduction in costs for employee
benefits. Operating profit also benefited from the termination of certain
strategic alliances.
1998 v. 1997
Revenues decreased 7% in 1998 to $2,691.2, compared with $2,896.5 in 1997.
Excluding the adverse effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates,
revenues decreased 3%. This decline primarily resulted from lower unit sales,
lower-priced product offerings and sales of a lower-priced mix of Global Books
and Home Entertainment products. The decrease in unit sales was predominantly a
result of lower mail quantities, fewer profitably promotable customers and lower
customer response to promotional mailings. Revenues declined principally in the
United States, Germany and Canada. This decrease was largely offset by growth in
developing markets in Eastern Europe and Latin America.
Operating profit decreased 56% in 1998 to $100.2, compared with $227.8 in 1997.
Operating results reflected lower revenues for Global Books and Home
Entertainment products in most developed markets, including the United States
and Germany, combined with proportionately higher product costs and promotional
spending. These declines were slightly offset by the benefits of cost-reduction
initiatives in most developed markets.
Other Income, Net
1999 v. 1998
Other income, net increased in 1999 to $82.6, compared with $11.3 in 1998. The
increase consisted primarily of gains from the sales of important works from the
Company's fine art collection and certain businesses. These gains were partially
offset by losses from the sales of publishing operations in South Africa and
certain international real estate holdings.
1998 v. 1997
Other income, net decreased in 1998 to $11.3, compared with $17.4 in 1997. This
decrease was primarily because of lower gains on foreign exchange transactions
and hedging activity, lower interest income and higher interest expense. These
declines were partially offset by gains from asset sales.
Income Taxes
1999 v. 1998
The reported tax rate for 1999 was 40.2%, compared with a reported rate of 56.9%
for 1998. Excluding the effect of other operating items, the overall effective
tax rate was 37.9% in 1999 and 37.5% in 1998.
1998 v. 1997
The reported tax rate for 1998 was 56.9%, compared with a reported rate of 36.5%
for 1997. Excluding the effect of other operating items, the overall effective
tax rate was 37.5% in 1998 and 36.5% in 1997. The higher effective tax rate in
1998 was primarily because of fewer foreign tax credits.
Change in Accounting for Pension Assets
Effective July 1, 1998, the Company changed its method for calculating the
market-related value of pension plan assets. This method is used in determining
the return-on-asset component of annual pension expense and the cumulative net
unrecognized gain (loss) subject to amortization. The Company believes that the
new method is more widely used in practice and is preferable because it results
in pension plan asset values that more closely approximate fair value, while
still mitigating the effect of annual market value fluctuations. In addition,
the new method facilitates the global management of pension plans, as it results
in a consistent methodology for all plans.
This change resulted in a non-cash benefit in 1999 of $40.5 ($25.3 after tax, or
$0.24 per share). This benefit represents the cumulative effect of the change
related to years prior to 1999. In addition, the Company realized $19.0 ($11.9
after tax, or $0.11 per share) in lower pension expense in 1999, compared with
the previous accounting method. Had this change been applied retroactively,
pension expense would have been reduced by $15.8 and $12.5 ($9.9 and $7.8 after
tax, or $0.09 and $0.07 per share) in 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Net Income
1999 v. 1998
The Company reported net income in 1999 of $151.9, or $1.40 for basic earnings
per share and $1.39 for diluted earnings per share. In 1998, the Company
reported net income of $17.9, or $0.16 for basic and diluted earnings per share.
Excluding the effect of other operating items ($0.26 in 1999 and $0.49 in 1998),
gains on sales of certain assets and other businesses ($0.45), and the
cumulative effect of change in accounting principles ($0.24), basic and diluted
earnings per share increased 50% to $0.96 in 1999, compared with $0.64 in 1998.
1998 v. 1997
The Company reported net income of $17.9, or $0.16 per share in 1998, compared
with net income of $133.5, or $1.24 per share in 1997. Excluding the effect of
other operating items, basic and diluted earnings per share decreased 56% to
$0.64 in 1998, compared with $1.45 in 1997.
Results of Operations: Operating Segments
Global Books and Home Entertainment
1999 v. 1998
Revenues for Global Books and Home Entertainment decreased 8% in 1999 to
$1,544.3, compared with $1,680.2 in 1998. Excluding the adverse effect of
changes in foreign currency exchange rates, revenues decreased 7%. This decrease
was primarily attributable to a decline in revenues in the United States, Russia
and the United Kingdom, offset by growth in Germany, France and Brazil.
The decrease in the United States was primarily attributable to the strategic
reduction of the number of mailings to marginal customers, principally for
general books and music products. These declines in the United States were
partially offset by sales of a higher-priced mix of products and the acquisition
of Good Catalog Company in October 1998. In Russia, the economic crisis led the
Company to cease most bulk mailing activity. The decline in the United Kingdom
was driven by the elimination of an unprofitable merchandise catalog business
and video series products, along with reduced mailing activity for music
products.
Germany experienced an increase in responses to mailings as a result of strong
product offerings. In France, increased revenues were primarily a result of a
higher-priced mix of general books products and increased unit sales of music
products. Increased revenues in Brazil primarily reflected increased sales of
music products and revenue growth of Condensed Books, which was launched in
1998.
Operating profit for Global Books and Home Entertainment increased 62% in 1999
to $80.8, compared with $50.0 in 1998. The increase was primarily a result of
improved profitability in the United States, Germany and the United Kingdom,
offset by operating losses in Russia. Within the United States, operating profit
improved as a result of significant reductions in promotion and overhead costs.
In Germany, significantly improved profits were the result of strong customer
response rates to product offerings. In the United Kingdom, growth in operating
profit was realized from promotion cost reductions in general books, the
elimination of unprofitable product lines, cost savings from fewer mailings and
reduced quantities within each mailing. These improvements were partially offset
by weaker performance in Russia as a result of the economic crisis, which led to
substantial losses on mailings and higher inventory reserves.
1998 v. 1997
Revenues for Global Books and Home Entertainment decreased 11% in 1998 to
$1,680.2, compared with $1,891.5 in 1997. Excluding the adverse effect of
changes in foreign currency exchange rates, revenues decreased 6%. This decrease
was principally attributable to lower revenues in developed countries, including
the United States. These reductions were predominantly a result of significantly
lower unit sales in series books, Condensed Books and general books and, to a
lesser extent, lower-priced product offerings, principally in music and video
products.
The decline in series books and Condensed Books revenues was caused by fewer
shipments from reduced mail quantities and, in developed markets, fewer
profitably promotable customers and lower customer response to promotional
mailings. In addition, revenues declined in the United States because of fewer
Condensed Books shipments, a reduced number of series mailings and the scaling
back of a book series.
Declines in general books revenues occurred in most developed countries,
including the United States. The substantial decrease in general books sales in
the United States was primarily a result of lower customer response rates to
promotional mailings and lower mail quantities in 1998. This was offset by
growth in Eastern Europe and Latin America, principally in Russia and Brazil.
Operating profit for Global Books and Home Entertainment decreased 69% in 1998
to $50.0, compared with $161.2 in 1997. Operating results were affected by lower
revenues and higher product costs, in part because of higher inventory reserve
levels in the United States and proportionately higher promotional spending.
U.S. Magazines
1999 v. 1998
Revenues for U.S. Magazines increased by 1% in 1999 to $664.3, compared with
$656.3 in 1998. The increase in revenues was attributable to an increase in
Reader's Digest magazine advertising revenue from more advertising pages sold,
although at lower rates per page, the acquisition of American Woodworker in the
second quarter of 1999, and an increase in the sales of magazine subscriptions
and music products of QSP. Partially offsetting these increases in revenues was
lower circulation for Reader's Digest magazine because of the strategic
reduction of the magazine's circulation rate base.
Operating profit increased 57% in 1999 to $101.7, compared with $64.9 in 1998.
The increase principally resulted from lower overhead costs in 1999, improved
margins at QSP, and lower promotion and production spending for Reader's Digest
magazine because of cost-reduction initiatives. The increase in operating profit
was partially offset by higher promotional spending associated with the
Company's special interest magazines.
1998 v. 1997
Revenues for U.S. Magazines increased 5% in 1998 to $656.3, compared with $625.5
in 1997. The increase in revenues was attributable to the acquisition of Walking
magazine in the third quarter of 1997, the launch of the Reader's Digest Large
Edition for Easier Reading in the first quarter of 1998, higher circulation
revenues for Reader's Digest magazine and growth in subscription sales of QSP.
These increases were slightly offset by lower advertising revenues for Reader's
Digest magazine caused by a decline in the number of advertising pages sold.
Operating profit for U.S. Magazines decreased 3% in 1998 to $64.9, compared with
$67.1 in 1997. This decrease was the result of increased promotional spending
associated with Walking and Reader's Digest Large Edition for Easier Reading and
significantly higher promotional spending to acquire and renew subscribers.
These decreases in operating profit were partially offset by the benefits of
cost-reduction initiatives.
International Magazines
1999 v. 1998
Revenues for International Magazines decreased 9% in 1999 to $323.6, compared
with $354.7 in 1998. Excluding the adverse effect of changes in foreign currency
exchange rates, revenues decreased 6%. Circulation levels for Reader's Digest
magazine were reduced in most markets, particularly in the United Kingdom. The
Company also reduced the publication frequency of the Russian edition from
twelve to six issues per year in response to the Russian economic crisis. These
actions were partially offset by subscription price increases in most markets.
Advertising revenues declined in most markets primarily as a result of fewer
pages sold at a lower rate per page. Advertising revenues decreased principally
as a result of adverse market conditions in Asia and Canada and circulation
rate-base-related reductions in Italy and The Netherlands.
Operating loss for International Magazines increased 5% in 1999 to ($15.5),
compared with ($14.7) in 1998 principally as a result of lower revenues,
partially offset by reduced product and promotion costs.
1998 v. 1997
Revenues for International Magazines decreased 7% in 1998 to $354.7, compared
with $379.5 in 1997. Excluding the adverse effect of changes in foreign currency
exchange rates, revenues increased 1%. Increased circulation revenues from
developing markets, primarily Russia and Brazil, were partially offset by
circulation declines in several major markets, particularly Germany.
Operating loss for International Magazines increased in 1998 to ($14.7),
compared with ($0.5) in 1997. The increase reflected significantly higher
promotional spending incurred to maintain the circulation rate base in major
markets. The increase in promotional spending was partially offset by
cost-reduction initiatives in most markets.
Liquidity and Capital Resources (forward-looking information)
The consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended June 30, 1999 is
summarized below:
1999
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Net change in cash due to:
Operating activities $ 222.5
Investing activities 114.6
Financing activities (36.4)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (10.1)
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Net change in cash and cash equivalents $ 290.6
================================================================================
Cash provided by operations increased significantly in 1999. This increase was
principally as a result of growth in net income and improvement in working
capital.
Investment activities included proceeds from the sale of property, plant and
equipment of $193.0, consisting principally of the Company's operating
facilities in the United Kingdom and important works from the Company's fine art
collection. In addition, the Company realized net proceeds from other long-term
investments of $14.6. Partially offsetting these amounts were the acquisitions
of Good Catalog Company and American Woodworker for a total of $32.7, the
purchase of investments of $35.8 and capital expenditures of $26.3, primarily
relating to information technology.
Financing activities primarily included dividend payments of $41.5 in 1999,
compared with $97.1 in 1998. During 1999, the Company reduced its quarterly
dividend on common stock from $0.225 to $0.05 per share. This resulted in a 58%
reduction in the full-year dividend payment for 1999 to $0.375 per share,
compared with $0.90 per share in 1998.
The Company is a party to a Competitive Advance and Revolving Credit Facility
Agreement (the Credit Agreement), amended as of June 2, 1998, with a syndicate
of domestic and foreign banks. The Credit Agreement, which expires on October
31, 2001, permits competitive advance and revolving credit borrowings of up to
$300.0 by the Company and its designated subsidiaries. Interest rates are based
on several pricing options that can vary based upon operating results of the
Company. The proceeds of the borrowings may be used for general corporate
purposes, including acquisitions, share repurchases and commercial paper backup.
The Credit Agreement contains certain restrictions on the incurrence of debt,
liens and guarantees of indebtedness. The Company must also comply with certain
financial covenants, including a minimum level of consolidated tangible net
worth. At June 30, 1999, there were no borrowings outstanding under the Credit
Agreement and the Company was in compliance with all covenants.
Various international subsidiaries of the Company have available lines of credit
totaling $60.0. At June 30, 1999, no amounts were outstanding under these lines
of credit.
The Company believes that its liquidity, capital resources, cash flow and
borrowing capacity are sufficient to fund normal working capital requirements,
capital expenditures, the payment of dividends, Year 2000 remediation costs and
the implementation of the Company's strategic growth initiatives.
Currency Risk Management (forward-looking information)
In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to the effect of
foreign exchange rate fluctuations on the United States dollar value of its
foreign subsidiaries' results of operations and financial condition. The Company
purchases foreign currency option and forward contracts to minimize the effect
of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates on its earnings and specifically
identifiable anticipated transactions. In addition, the Company enters into
forward contracts to minimize the effect of fluctuating foreign currency
exchange rates on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities.
At June 30, 1999, the Company's primary foreign currency market exposures
included the euro and the British pound. The Company estimated that the results
of a uniform 10% weakening in the value of the United States dollar relative to
the currencies in which the options and
forwards are denominated, with all other variables held constant, would result
in a net decrease in the fair value of these instruments of approximately $9.2.
This estimate, however, includes changes in the fair value of forward contracts
which would be substantially offset by the related impact on the assets and
liabilities being hedged. This calculation assumes that each exchange rate would
change in the same direction relative to the United States dollar. Changes in
exchange rates not only affect the dollar value of the fair value, but also
impact the underlying foreign subsidiaries' income. The Company's sensitivity
analysis as described above does not factor in a potential change in sales
levels, local currency prices, or amounts of options or forwards to cover these
changes.
Additional information concerning derivative financial instruments is available
in Note One and Note Five in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Year 2000 Readiness (forward-looking information)
Impact of the Year 2000 Issue
The Year 2000 issue is the result of computer programs that were written using
only two digits, rather than four, to represent a year. Date-sensitive software
or hardware may not be able to distinguish between the years 1900 and 2000 and
programs that perform arithmetic operations, comparisons or sorting of date
fields may begin yielding incorrect results. This could potentially cause system
failures or miscalculations that could disrupt operations.
State of Readiness
The Company's remediation plan for its Year 2000 issue is currently under way
and involves three overlapping phases:
1) Inventory - Creation of an inventory of three functional areas:
applications and information technology (IT) equipment, non-information
technology (non-IT) embedded systems and vendor relationships. All
locations have fully completed the inventory phase.
2) Analysis - Evaluation of the inventoried items for Year 2000 compliance,
the determination of the remediation method and resources required, and
the development of an implementation plan. All locations have fully
completed the analysis phase.
3) Implementation - Execution of the implementation plan for all applicable
hardware and software, interfaces and systems. This involves testing the
changes, beginning to utilize the changed procedures in actual operations,
testing in a Year 2000-simulated environment and vendor interface testing.
The implementation phase, including testing for certain critical applications,
has been substantially completed in most locations for applications, IT
equipment and non-IT embedded systems. The Company anticipates substantial
completion of the implementation phase for all locations by September 1999.
The Company's remediation plan for its Year 2000 issue is an ongoing process and
estimated completion dates are subject to change.
Risk of the Year 2000 Issue
At this time, the Company believes that its systems will be Year 2000 compliant
in a timely manner for several reasons:
o Most significant marketing and fulfillment systems are already compliant.
o The Company extensively utilizes certain shared applications that have
been or will be remediated once and then deployed to all appropriate
locations.
o Comprehensive testing of all critical systems is conducted in a simulated
Year 2000 environment.
o Critical fulfillment systems in the United States and several developed
international locations use a one-digit field to denote the year;
therefore, the date fields for these systems are updated every 10 years
and the year 2000 does not require separate attention.
The Company believes that the area of greatest risk of the Year 2000 issue
relates to significant suppliers failing to remediate their Year 2000 issues in
a timely manner. The Company has relationships with certain significant
suppliers in most of the locations in which it operates. These relationships may
be material to some local operations and, in the aggregate, may be material to
the Company. The Company relies on suppliers to deliver a broad range of goods
and services worldwide. These include book and magazine printing services,
suppliers of promotional materials and paper, warehouse facilities, lettershops
that assemble promotional mailings, customer service facilities, postal delivery
services, banking services, telecommunications and electricity providers. The
Company has conducted formal communications with its significant suppliers in
all locations to determine the extent to which it may be affected by those third
parties' plans to remediate their own Year 2000 issue in a timely manner. The
level of preparedness of significant suppliers can vary greatly from country to
country. The Company is monitoring its suppliers' progress toward implementing
Year 2000 corrective procedures. If a number of significant suppliers are not
Year 2000 compliant, this could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
results of operations, financial position or cash flow.
Contingency Plans
The Company is in the process of developing its country-by-country contingency
plans. Contingency plans are expected to be substantially completed by October
1999, with subsequent revisions being made, as needed, for the remainder of the
year.
To mitigate the effects of the Company's or significant suppliers' potential
failure to remediate the Year 2000 issue in a timely manner, the Company will
take appropriate actions. Such actions may include having arrangements for
alternate suppliers, re-running processes if errors occur, using manual
intervention to ensure the continuation of operations where necessary, and
scheduling activity in December 1999 that would normally occur at the beginning
of January 2000. If it becomes necessary for the Company to take these
corrective actions, it is uncertain, until the contingency plans are finalized,
whether this would result in significant delays in business operations or have a
material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations, financial
position or cash flow.
Costs to Address the Year 2000 Issue
The total cost of the Company's remediation plan is estimated at approximately
$15.0 to $18.0 and is being funded through operating cash flows. To manage the
cash flow effects of these incremental costs, the Company has deferred certain
IT development activities and system enhancements. Of the total cost,
approximately $2.0 is attributable to new hardware and software that will be
capitalized. The remainder will be expensed as incurred. To date, approximately
$12.0 of the total cost of the remediation plan has been spent, of which
approximately $1.5 was capitalized.
Impact of the Euro Conversion (forward-looking information)
On January 1, 1999, 11 of the 15 member countries of the European Union
established fixed conversion rates between their existing sovereign currencies
(legacy currencies) and a single currency called the euro. The legacy currencies
are scheduled to remain legal tender as denominations of the euro during the
transition period from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2001. Beginning January
1, 2002, euro-denominated bills and coins will be introduced and by July 1,
2002, legacy currencies will no longer be legal tender.
The Company performed an internal analysis regarding the business and systems
issues related to the euro conversion and has developed a strategic plan to
ensure that all necessary modifications are made on a timely basis. As the first
step, to accommodate the introduction of the euro on January 1, 1999, the
Company's operations in markets that have adopted the euro are able to accept
payments and pay suppliers in euros, and are able to indicate the euro
equivalent of pricing on invoices. During the transition period, the Company
will be monitoring customer and competitor reaction to the euro and will update
the strategic plan as needed.
During the transition period, the Company believes that the conversion to the
euro will not have a significant impact on the marketing strategy for the
Company's European operations. The euro is not expected to have a significant
competitive impact, including the resulting need to synchronize prices between
markets, primarily because the editorial content of the Company's publishing
products varies. In addition, products are published in local languages and are
sold principally through direct mail rather than retail channels. These factors
result in products that tend to be unique to each market and do not easily lend
themselves to price comparisons across borders. The estimated costs to convert
all affected systems to the euro are not expected to have a material adverse
effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flow.
New Accounting Standards
In 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 133,
"Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." This statement,
which is effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2000, will require
the Company to recognize all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value.
Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings.
If the derivative is an effective hedge, changes in its fair value will be
offset
against the change in the fair value of the hedged item in either other
comprehensive income or earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative
classified as a hedge will be immediately recognized in earnings. The Company is
required to adopt the new statement effective July 1, 2000, and has not yet
determined the effect SFAS No. 133 will have on its results of operations and
financial position. This statement is not required to be applied retroactively
to financial statements of prior periods.
In 1998, the Accounting Standards Executive Committee of the AICPA issued
Statement of Position 98-1, "Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software
Developed or Obtained for Internal Use." This statement, which is effective for
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1998, will require the Company to
capitalize certain internal-use software costs once certain criteria are met.
This statement is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's
results of operations, financial position or cash flow.
Cautionary Statement (forward-looking information)
This report includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the U.S.
federal securities laws. Forward-looking statements include any statements that
address future results or occurrences. These forward-looking statements
inherently involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual future
results and occurrences to differ materially from the forward-looking
statements. Some of these risks and uncertainties include factors relating to:
the effect of potentially more restrictive privacy and other governmental
regulation relating to the Company's marketing methods; the effect of modified
and varied promotions; the ability to identify customer trends; the ability to
continue to create a broadly appealing mix of new products; the ability to
attract and retain new and younger magazine subscribers and product customers in
view of the maturing of an important portion of the U.S. customer base; the
ability to attract and retain subscribers and customers in an economically
efficient manner; the effect of selective adjustments in pricing; the ability to
expand and more effectively utilize the Company's customer database; the ability
to expand into new international markets and to introduce new product lines into
new and existing markets; the ability to expand into new channels of
distribution; the ability to negotiate and implement productive acquisitions,
strategic alliances and joint ventures; the ability to integrate newly acquired
and newly formed businesses successfully; the strength of relationships of newly
acquired and newly formed businesses with their employees, suppliers and
customers; the accuracy of the basis of forecasts relating to newly acquired and
newly formed businesses; the ability to contain and reduce costs, especially
through global efficiencies; the cost and effectiveness of reengineering of
business processes and operations; the accuracy of management's assessment of
the current status of the Company's business; the evolution of the Company's
organizational and structural capabilities; the ability of the Company to
respond to competitive pressures within and outside the direct marketing
industry, including the Internet; the effect of worldwide paper and postage
costs; the effect of postal disruptions on deliveries; the effect of foreign
currency fluctuations; the effect of the Year 2000 issue; the effect of the
transition to the euro; and general economic conditions.
Consolidated Statements of Income
Years ended June 30,
-----------------------------------
In millions, except per share data 1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Revenues $2,532.2 $2,691.2 $2,896.5
Product, distribution and
editorial expenses 963.5 1,046.6 1,084.2
Promotion, marketing and
administrative expenses 1,401.7 1,544.4 1,584.5
Other operating items 37.9 70.0 35.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Operating profit 129.1 30.2 192.8
Other income, net 82.6 11.3 17.4
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before provision for
income taxes 211.7 41.5 210.2
Provision for income taxes 85.1 23.6 76.7
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before cumulative effect of
change in accounting principles 126.6 17.9 133.5
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principles for pension
assets, net of tax of $15.2 25.3 -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 151.9 $ 17.9 $ 133.5
================================================================================
Basic and diluted earnings per share
Basic earnings per share
Weighted-average common
shares outstanding 107.3 106.5 106.7
Before cumulative effect of
change in accounting principles $ 1.16 $ 0.16 $ 1.24
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principles 0.24 -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Basic earnings per share $ 1.40 $ 0.16 $ 1.24
================================================================================
Diluted earnings per share
Adjusted weighted-average common
shares outstanding 108.0 106.7 106.7
Before cumulative effect of change
in accounting principles $ 1.15 $ 0.16 $ 1.24
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principles 0.24 -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Diluted earnings per share $ 1.39 $ 0.16 $ 1.24
================================================================================
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
June 30,
----------------------------
In millions 1999 1998
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 413.4 $ 122.8
Receivables, net 319.9 376.4
Inventories, net 94.9 162.2
Prepaid expenses and other
current assets 318.3 311.2
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total current assets 1,146.5 972.6
Property, plant and equipment, net 148.4 285.4
Intangible assets, net 68.5 41.8
Other noncurrent assets 347.1 264.2
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets $1,710.5 $1,564.0
================================================================================
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable $ 130.7 $ 172.1
Accrued expenses 352.2 359.3
Income taxes payable 56.0 21.0
Unearned revenue 336.5 355.4
Other current liabilities 110.9 90.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total current liabilities 986.3 997.8
Postretirement and postemployment
benefits other than pensions 146.9 157.6
Other noncurrent liabilities 195.8 150.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities 1,329.0 1,305.4
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stockholders' equity
Capital stock 24.8 16.6
Paid-in capital 146.2 144.8
Retained earnings 955.4 845.0
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (56.6) (49.8)
Treasury stock, at cost (688.3) (698.0)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total stockholders' equity 381.5 258.6
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $1,710.5 $1,564.0
================================================================================
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years ended June 30,
----------------------------
In millions 1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income $151.9 $ 17.9 $133.5
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principles (25.3) -- --
Asset impairments 22.8 -- --
Depreciation and amortization 43.7 46.2 46.7
Gains on the sales of certain investments (0.7) (5.2) (7.0)
Gains on the sales of certain assets
and other businesses (78.9) (10.2) (1.4)
Changes in assets and liabilities, net
of effects of acquisitions and
dispositions
Receivables, net 49.5 10.9 (33.3)
Inventories, net 64.1 (1.9) 20.2
Unearned revenue (2.4) 7.6 7.7
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (39.0) 9.3 (36.2)
Other, net 36.8 19.3 (32.9)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net change in cash due to operating
activities 222.5 93.9 97.3
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from maturities and sales of
marketable securities and short-term
investments 2.3 32.5 107.3
Purchases of investments (35.8) (2.3) (23.1)
Capital expenditures (26.3) (34.1) (110.6)
Proceeds from sales of businesses and
other long-term investments, net 14.6 45.7 4.5
Proceeds from sales of property, plant
and equipment 193.0 25.0 5.5
Payments for business acquisitions (32.7) -- (16.0)
Other, net (0.5) -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net change in cash due to investing
activities $114.6 $ 66.8 $(32.4)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends paid $(41.5) $(97.1) $(193.3)
Common stock repurchased -- -- (66.3)
Other, net 5.1 (5.6) 13.5
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net change in cash due to financing
activities (36.4) (102.7) (246.1)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Effect of exchange rate changes on
cash and cash equivalents (10.1) (4.3) (7.8)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net change in cash and cash equivalents 290.6 53.7 (189.0)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
of year 122.8 69.1 258.1
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $413.4 $122.8 $ 69.1
================================================================================
Supplemental information
Cash paid for interest $ 3.5 $ 5.4 $ 5.3
Cash paid for income taxes $ 47.7 $ 20.5 $ 72.2
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
Captital Stock
-------------------------------------------------
Unamortized
In millions Preferred Stock Common Stock Restricted Stock
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1996 $ 28.8 $ 1.4 $ (1.8)
Comprehensive income
Net income
Other comprehensive income:
Translation loss
Net unrealized gain on investments
Total comprehensive income
Stock issued under various plans 0.6
Common stock dividends
Preferred stock dividends
Treasury stock repurchased
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1997 28.8 1.4 (1.2)
================================================================================================
Comprehensive income
Net income
Other comprehensive income:
Translation loss
Net unrealized gain on investments
Total comprehensive income
Stock issued under various plans (12.4)
Common stock dividends
Preferred stock dividends
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1998 28.8 1.4 (13.6)
================================================================================================
Comprehensive income
Net income
Other comprehensive income:
Translation loss
Total comprehensive income
Stock issued under various plans 8.2
Common stock dividends
Preferred stock dividends
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1999 $ 28.8 $ 1.4 $ (5.4)
================================================================================================
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Treasury Stock,
In millions Paid in Capital Retained Earnings (Loss) Income at Cost Total
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1996 $138.3 $984.0 $(15.5) $(656.3) $478.9
Comprehensive income
Net income 133.5 133.5
Other comprehensive income:
Translation loss (19.2) (19.2)
Net unrealized gain on investments 1.0 1.0
-----------
Total comprehensive income 115.3
===========
Stock issued under various plans 3.5 7.3 11.4
Common stock dividends (192.0) (192.0)
Preferred stock dividends (1.3) (1.3)
Treasury stock repurchased (66.3) (66.3)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1997 141.8 924.2 (33.7) (715.3) 346.0
===================================================================================================================================
Comprehensive income
Net income 17.9 17.9
Other comprehensive income:
Translation loss (16.4) (16.4)
Net unrealized gain on investments 0.3 0.3
-----------
Total comprehensive income 1.8
===========
Stock issued under various plans 3.0 17.3 7.9
Common stock dividends (95.8) (95.8)
Preferred stock dividends (1.3) (1.3)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1998 144.8 845.0 (49.8) (698.0) 258.6
===================================================================================================================================
Comprehensive income
Net income 151.9 151.9
Other comprehensive income:
Translation loss (6.8) (6.8)
-----------
Total comprehensive income 145.1
===========
Stock issued under various plans 1.4 9.7 19.3
Common stock dividends (40.2) (40.2)
Preferred stock dividends (1.3) (1.3)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1999 $146.2 $955.4 $(56.6) $(688.3) $381.5
===================================================================================================================================
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Dollars in millions, except per share data
One Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of The
Reader's Digest Association, Inc. and its United States and international
subsidiaries (the Company). All significant intercompany accounts and
transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Certain prior year amounts have been restated to conform to the current year
presentation. Revenues have been reclassified to reflect certain publisher
remittances as a component of product, distribution and editorial expenses.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect reported amounts in these financial statements.
Although these estimates are based on management's knowledge of current events
and actions the Company may undertake in the future, actual results may
ultimately differ from those estimates.
New Accounting Standards
In 1999, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS)
No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income," and SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures about
Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information." The Company adopted these
statements effective July 1, 1998 and June 30, 1999, respectively. These
statements modified or expanded the Company's stockholders' equity and segment
disclosures and had no impact on the Company's results of operations, financial
position or cash flow.
In 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 133,
"Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." This statement,
which is effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2000, will require
the Company to recognize all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value.
Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings.
If the derivative is an effective hedge, changes in its fair value will be
offset against the change in the fair value of the hedged item in either other
comprehensive income or earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative
classified as a hedge will be immediately recognized in earnings. The Company is
required to adopt the new statement effective July 1, 2000, and has not yet
determined the effect SFAS No. 133 will have on its results of operations and
financial position. This statement is not required to be applied retroactively
to financial statements of prior periods.
In 1998, the Accounting Standards Executive Committee of the American Institute
of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) issued Statement of Position 98-1,
"Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for
Internal Use." This statement, which is effective for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 1998, will require the Company to capitalize certain
internal-use software costs once certain criteria are met. This statement is not
expected to have a material impact on the Company's results of operations,
financial position or cash flow.
In 1998, the Company adopted SFAS No. 132, "Employers' Disclosures about
Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits." The Company accordingly modified
disclosures relating to its pension and postretirement benefit plans. This
adoption had no effect on the Company's results of operations, financial
position or cash flow.
In 1998, the Company adopted SFAS No. 128, "Earnings Per Share." The Company has
reported on the income statement basic and diluted earnings per share results
for all periods presented.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of
three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. The
carrying amount approximates fair value based upon the short-term maturity of
these investments.
Receivables, net
Receivables, net are reflected net of allowances for returns and bad debts of
$153.8, $173.0 and $166.2 at June 30, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Additions to the allowances amounted to $509.1, $505.0 and $548.7, respectively,
and amounts written off amounted to $528.3, $498.2 and $575.6 during the years
ended June 30, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, primarily determined on
the first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis in most markets. Generally, U.S. inventory
is valued on the last-in, first-out (LIFO) basis.
Financial Instruments
In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to market risk from the
effect of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on the U.S. dollar value of its
foreign subsidiaries' results of operations and financial condition. The Company
purchases foreign currency option and forward contracts to minimize the effect
of fluctuating foreign currencies on the U.S. dollar value of its subsidiaries'
earnings and specifically identifiable anticipated transactions, generally over
periods ranging up to 12 months. In addition, the Company enters into forward
contracts to minimize the effect of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates
on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, generally over
periods ranging up to 12 months. The Company, as a matter of policy, does not
speculate in financial markets, and therefore does not hold financial
instruments for trading purposes.
Foreign currency option contracts that reduce the Company's exposure to the
effects of fluctuating foreign currencies on its earnings, and forward contracts
that reduce exposure to the effects of fluctuating foreign currencies on
specifically identifiable anticipated transactions, do not meet the criteria for
hedge accounting. However, option contracts that are designated as hedges and
that reduce the Company's exposure to the effects of fluctuating foreign
currencies on specifically identifiable anticipated transactions, where it is
probable that the transactions will occur, meet the criteria for hedge
accounting. Forward contracts that reduce the Company's exposure on foreign
currency denominated assets and liabilities meet the criteria for hedge
accounting as they are designated as, and are effective as, hedges of
specifically identified foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities.
Premiums on option contracts that qualify for hedge accounting are amortized
over the term of the contract and any gains at maturity are included in other
income, net. If an option contract is terminated before its maturity, the
unamortized premium associated with the contract is written off and included in
other income, net. Option contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting are
recorded at fair market value and changes in market value on such instruments
are included in other income, net. The carrying value of option contracts is
included in prepaid expenses and other current assets.
Forward contracts are included at market value on the balance sheet in prepaid
expenses and other current assets and other current liabilities. Changes in
market value on forward contracts are included in other income, net. In the
event that the underlying foreign currency denominated asset or liability is
extinguished or terminated prior to the forward contract's maturity, the
Company's policy is to enter into a separate forward contract to offset any
changes in market value from that date until the maturity of the original
contract.
Depreciation and Amortization
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, except for property, plant and
equipment that have been impaired, for which the carrying amount is reduced to
the estimated fair market value. Buildings, equipment, and furniture and
fixtures are depreciated using the straight-line method over useful lives up to
50 years for buildings and useful lives ranging from three to 15 years for
equipment and furniture and fixtures. Leasehold improvements are amortized using
the straight-line method over the term of the lease or the useful life of the
improvement, whichever is shorter.
Intangible Assets, net
Intangible assets, net are composed of distribution rights, contracts,
subscription lists and other intangible assets, as well as the excess of costs
over the fair value of net assets of acquired businesses. The excess of costs
over the fair value of businesses acquired is amortized, on a straight-line
basis, over varying periods, not in excess of 40 years. Other acquired
intangibles are amortized, on a straight-line basis, over their estimated useful
lives, not in excess of ten years. The Company continually evaluates the
recoverability of its intangible assets to determine whether current events or
circumstances warrant adjustments to the carrying value. Such evaluation may be
based on current and projected income and cash flows from operations of related
businesses on an undiscounted basis as well as other economic and market
variables.
Stock-Based Compensation
Compensation cost is recognized for stock-based compensation using the intrinsic
value method. Under this method, compensation cost is the excess, if any, of the
quoted market price of the stock at the grant date over the amount an employee
must pay to acquire the stock. The Company's policy is to grant stock options at
fair market value at the date of grant.
Revenues
Sales of Global Books and Home Entertainment products, less provisions for
returns, are recorded at the time of shipment. Sales of magazine subscriptions
are recorded as unearned revenue at the gross subscription price at the time the
orders are received. Proportionate shares of the gross subscription price are
recognized as revenues when the subscriptions are fulfilled.
Promotion Costs
Costs of direct response advertising are matched with the expected revenue
stream. Direct response advertising consists primarily of promotion costs
incurred in connection with the sale of magazine subscriptions, books and other
products.
Promotion costs of $824.1, $927.0 and $942.9 were incurred for the years ended
June 30, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Prepaid promotion costs, included in
prepaid expenses and other current assets, amounted to $30.7 and $44.3 at June
30, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
Deferred promotion costs, included in other noncurrent assets, amounted to $78.2
and $102.8 at June 30, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
Income Taxes
Income tax expense is based on reported earnings before income taxes. Deferred
income taxes, net of valuation allowances, reflect the impact of temporary
differences between assets and liabilities recognized for financial reporting
purposes and such amounts recognized for income tax purposes. These deferred
taxes are measured by applying currently enacted tax laws.
Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income, less preferred
stock dividend requirements ($1.3 for the year ended June 30, 1999), by the
weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted
earnings per share is computed in the same manner except that the
weighted-average number of common shares outstanding assumes the exercise and
conversion of certain stock options (0.7 million shares for the year ended June
30, 1999).
Options to purchase approximately 5.0 million shares of common stock were
outstanding during 1999, but were not included in the computation of diluted
earnings per share. The exercise prices of these options were greater than the
average market price of the common shares during the period.
For the years ended June 30, 1998 and 1997, basic and diluted earnings per share
were the same.
Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currency for most foreign operations is the local currency.
Revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies are translated at
average monthly exchange rates prevailing during the year. The assets and
liabilities of international subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at
the rates of exchange in effect at the balance sheet date. The resulting
translation adjustment is reflected as a separate component of stockholders'
equity within accumulated other comprehensive income.
The U.S. dollar is used as the functional currency for subsidiaries operating in
highly inflationary economies, for which both translation adjustments and gains
and losses on foreign currency transactions are included in other income, net.
Two Other Operating Items
Other operating items represent charges related primarily to the streamlining of
the Company's organizational structure and the strategic repositioning of
certain businesses. The Company recorded other operating items of $37.9, $70.0
and $35.0 in the years ended June 30, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The
1998 other operating items of $70.0 were composed primarily of severance costs
associated with workforce reductions. The 1997 other operating items of $35.0
related primarily to the realignment of the organization and operations. The
1999 charges included $22.8 of impairment losses and are net of $55.6 for
adjustments to prior year accruals. The components of other operating items in
1999 are described in further detail below:
o Employee Retirement and Severance Benefits -- The Company identified
approximately 1,000 employees who would be separated as a result of
actions taken during 1999 to streamline the organizational structure
through a combination of voluntary and involuntary severance programs. As
of June 30, 1999, approximately 800 of the 1,000 identified employees had
been separated from the Company.
o Contract Terminations -- These charges represent anticipated costs to
terminate contractual obligations in connection with the Company's
streamlining activities.
o Impairment Losses -- As a result of the restructuring, charges relating to
the carrying value of certain computer hardware and software and, to a
lesser extent, leasehold improvements and furniture and fixtures no longer
used in the Company's operations were charged to impairment losses.
At June 30, 1999, the Company had accruals for other operating items of $76.7.
During 1999, $93.5 was accrued for the above items, of which $60.0 related to
employee retirement and severance benefits. Payments made during 1999 totaled
$52.4, of which $40.9 related to employee retirement and severance benefits. In
addition, adjustments to prior year accruals of $55.6 were made during 1999, of
which $12.6 related to adjustments for various legal claims
against the Company that resulted in costs that were less than previously
expected. The remaining adjustment of $43.0 was for several actions initiated by
prior management that will not be completed in connection with the three-phase
long-term strategy of the Company. At June 30, 1999, liabilities of $63.0 were
recorded for future payments to accomplish the remaining objectives of the
growth strategy of the Company.
Three Other Income, Net
Components of other income, net are as follows:
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest income $ 12.5 $ 6.9 $ 11.4
Interest expense (5.7) (9.4) (7.0)
Gains on the sales of certain investments 0.7 5.2 7.0
Gains on the sales of certain assets
and other businesses 78.9 10.2 1.4
(Losses) Gains on foreign exchange (2.5) 1.3 8.5
Other expense, net (1.3) (2.9) (3.9)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total other income, net $ 82.6 $ 11.3 $ 17.4
================================================================================
Gains on the sales of certain assets and other businesses in 1999 primarily
consist of gains from the sale of important works from the Company's fine art
collection and certain businesses, partially offset by losses from the sales of
publishing operations in South Africa and certain international real estate
holdings.
Four Supplemental Balance Sheet Information
The components of certain balance sheet accounts as of June 30, 1999 and 1998
are as follows:
Inventories
1999 1998
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Raw materials $ 12.7 $ 21.8
Work-in-progress 20.2 24.7
Finished goods 62.0 115.7
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total inventories $ 94.9 $ 162.2
================================================================================
If the FIFO method of inventory had been used for United States locations,
inventories would have been $6.7 and $10.8 higher than the amounts reported at
June 30, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
Property, Plant and Equipment
1999 1998
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Land $ 11.9 $ 12.5
Buildings and building improvements 185.7 303.2
Furniture, fixtures and equipment 238.3 290.4
Leasehold improvements 11.8 16.3
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
447.7 622.4
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (299.3) (337.0)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total property, plant and equipment $ 148.4 $ 285.4
================================================================================
Intangible Assets
1999 1998
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distribution rights, contracts,
subscription lists and other $ 58.6 $ 56.3
Excess of cost over fair value of
net assets of businesses acquired 104.8 77.2
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
163.4 133.5
Accumulated amortization (94.9) (91.7)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total intangible assets $ 68.5 $ 41.8
================================================================================
Accrued Expenses
1999 1998
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compensation and other employee benefits $ 96.0 $ 93.0
Royalties and copyrights payable 33.9 32.3
Taxes, other than income taxes 16.6 15.8
Other, principally operating expenses 205.7 218.2
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total accrued expenses $ 352.2 $ 359.3
================================================================================
Other, principally operating expenses includes $76.7 and $109.7 relating to the
remaining balances associated with other operating items at June 30, 1999 and
1998, respectively.
Five Financial Instruments
The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk.
These financial instruments are used in the normal course of business to manage
the Company's exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
The Company may be exposed to credit losses in the event of nonperformance by
the financial institutions that are counterparties to these instruments;
however, the Company mitigates this risk through specific minimum credit
standards and diversification of financial institutions with which it enters
into these derivative transactions.
The Company's derivative financial instruments also involve elements of market
risk as a result of potential changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The
market risk associated with the option contracts and forward contracts relating
to specifically identifiable anticipated transactions is limited to the carrying
value of these contracts in the Company's consolidated balance sheet. Forward
contracts that reduce the Company's foreign exchange exposure on the foreign
currency denominated assets and liabilities outstanding at the end of the year
are effective hedges of existing foreign currency exposures. Therefore, the
impact of potential changes in future foreign currency exchange rates on these
instruments would generally offset the related impact on the assets and
liabilities being hedged.
The following chart summarizes the Company's derivative positions included
within the balance sheet:
Notional/ Fiscal
Principal Carrying Fair Year
Amounts Value Value Maturity
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999
Forward Contracts
Assets $ 94.0 $ 92.3 $ 92.3 2000
Liabilities $ 94.0 $ 93.8 $ 93.8 2000
Option Contracts
Assets $ 116.1 $ 4.6 $ 5.0 2000
1998
Forward Contracts
Assets $ 62.3 $ 62.1 $ 62.1 1999
Liabilities $ 62.3 $ 62.4 $ 62.4 1999
Option Contracts
Assets $ 59.1 $ 1.8 $ 1.8 1999
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Forward contracts are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and
other current liabilities in the balance sheet. The carrying value of option
contracts is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the
balance sheet.
Six Pension Plans and Other Postretirement Benefits
Change in Accounting for Pension Assets
Effective July 1, 1998, the Company changed its method for calculating the
market-related value of pension plan assets. This method is used in determining
the return-on-asset component of annual pension expense and the cumulative net
unrecognized gain (loss) subject to amortization. The Company believes that the
new method is more widely used in practice and is preferable because it results
in pension plan asset values that more closely approximate fair value, while
still mitigating the effect of annual market value fluctuations. In addition,
the new method facilitates the global management of pension plans as it results
in a consistent methodology for all plans.
Under the old method, realized and unrealized gains or losses on pension plan
assets were amortized and recognized over a five-year period. Dividends and
interest earned during the plan year were immediately recognized. Under the new
method, the Company recognizes an expected return on pension plan assets and
amortizes differences between actual and expected returns over a five-year
period.
This change resulted in a non-cash benefit in 1999 of $40.5 ($25.3 after tax, or
$0.24 per share). The benefit represents the cumulative effect of the change
related to years prior to 1999. In addition, the Company realized $19.0 ($11.9
after tax, or $0.11 per share) in lower pension expense in 1999, compared with
the previous accounting method. Had this change been applied retroactively,
pension expense would have been reduced by $15.8 and $12.5 ($9.9 and $7.8 after
tax, or $0.09 and $0.07 per share) in 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Change in Measurement Date for Pensions
In 1999, the Company elected to change the measurement date for pension plan
assets and liabilities from June 30 to March 31, as permitted by SFAS No. 87,
"Employers' Accounting for Pensions." This change had no significant effect on
1999 or prior years' pension expense.
Assumptions used to determine pension costs and projected benefit obligations
are as follows:
United States Plans
-------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discount rate 7.0% 7.0% 7.8%
Compensation increase rate 5.0% 5.0% 5.3%
Long-term rate of return on plan assets 9.5% 9.5% 9.5%
==============================================================================
International Plans
-------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discount rate 5-12% 4-15% 4-15%
Compensation increase rate 3-10% 3-10% 3-13%
Long-term rate of return on plan assets 5-13% 5-16% 5-16%
==============================================================================
Components of consolidated net periodic pension (benefit) cost are as follows:
Pension Benefits
-------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Service cost $ 20.5 $ 18.2 $ 19.4
Interest cost 44.6 45.7 46.1
Expected return on plan assets (79.8) (60.7) (54.6)
Amortization (2.9) (3.2) (2.8)
Recognized actuarial gain (9.7) (3.4) (0.1)
Special items 2.4 -- --
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net periodic pension (benefit) cost $ (24.9) $ (3.4) $ 8.0
==============================================================================
The Company provides medical and dental benefits to United States retired
employees and their dependents. Substantially all of the Company's United States
employees become eligible for these benefits when they meet minimum age and
service requirements. The Company has the right to modify or terminate these
unfunded benefits. Discount rates of 7.0% for 1999, 7.0% for 1998 and 7.8% for
1997 were used in determining the accumulated postretirement benefits liability.
Components of costs for postretirement benefits are as follows:
Other Benefits
-------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Service cost $ 1.8 $ 1.6 $ 2.5
Interest cost 4.6 5.5 7.1
Recognized actuarial gain (2.7) (2.2) (0.7)
Special items (0.4) -- --
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Postretirement benefit costs $ 3.3 $ 4.9 $ 8.9
==============================================================================
A reconciliation of beginning and ending balances of benefit obligations and
fair value of plan assets, and the funded status of the plans are as follows:
Pension Benefits Other Benefits
-------------------------------------------
1999(1) 1998 1999(2) 1998
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Change in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 697.2 $ 620.7 $ 81.8 $ 99.1
Service cost 17.4 18.2 1.3 1.6
Interest cost 36.2 45.7 3.5 5.5
Actuarial loss (gain) 23.0 55.2 (14.0) (19.4)
Plan amendments (12.6) 3.1 (6.0) --
Exchange rate changes (6.6) (5.5) -- --
Settlements/curtailments (30.3) (2.7) (0.4) --
Benefits paid (34.2) (43.6) (3.0) (5.0)
Other items (0.3) 6.1 1.5 --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benefit obligation at end of year 689.8 697.2 64.7 81.8
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Change in plan assets
Fair value at beginning of year 936.1 830.3 -- --
Actual return on plan assets 63.8 154.0 -- --
Settlements (24.0) (0.6) -- --
Employer contribution 8.5 8.8 0.1 0.3
IRC section 401(h) transfer (4.1) (4.7) 4.1 4.7
Exchange rate changes (6.5) (7.5) -- --
Benefits paid (34.2) (43.6) (4.2) (5.0)
Other items (11.4) (0.6) -- --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fair value at end of year 928.2 936.1 -- --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Funded status 238.4 238.9 (64.7) (81.8)
Unrecognized actuarial gain (181.4) (265.2) (49.0) (37.5)
Unrecognized transition asset (12.3) (16.9) -- --
Unrecognized prior service (benefit) cost (3.8) 12.9 (5.0) --
Employer -- 1999 fourth quarter contribution 1.1 -- -- --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net amount recognized $ 42.0 $ (30.3) $(118.7) $(119.3)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) The benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets for pension
benefits in 1999 are stated as of March 31, 1999. Similar information in
1998 is stated as of June 30, 1998.
(2) The benefit obligation for other benefits in 1999 is stated as of March
31, 1999. Similar information in 1998 is stated as of June 30, 1998. The
fair value of plan assets for other benefits in both 1999 and 1998 are
stated as of June 30.
During 1999 and 1998, in accordance with Internal Revenue Code section 401(h),
the Company transferred $4.1 and $4.7, respectively, of excess pension assets to
fund postretirement benefits.
Amounts recognized in the balance sheet are as follows:
Pension Benefits Other Benefits
-------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1999 1998
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepaid benefit cost $ 124.9 $ 34.2 $ -- $ --
Accrued benefit liability (83.1) (64.9) (118.7) (119.3)
Intangible assets, net 0.2 0.4 -- --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net amount recognized $ 42.0 $ (30.3) $(118.7) $(119.3)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Select balances of plans with projected and accumulated benefit obligations in
excess of the fair value of plan assets are as follows:
Plans with Projected Plans with Accumulated
Benefit Obligations Benefit Obligations
in excess of Plan Assets in excess of Plan Assets
---------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1999 1998
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Projected benefit obligation $ 91.9 $ 100.7 N/A N/A
Accumulated benefit obligation N/A N/A $ 85.6 $ 83.7
Fair value of plan assets $ 2.8 $ 11.9 $ 2.8 $ 2.4
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Health Care Inflation and Cost Trend Rates
The health care inflation assumption used to determine the postretirement
benefits liability was 8.0% for 1999 and 1998, decreasing gradually to 5.5% by
2004 and remaining at that level thereafter.
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts
reported for postretirement benefits. A one-percentage-point increase in assumed
health care cost trend rates would increase the total of the service and
interest cost components and the postretirement benefit obligation by $1.0 and
$5.0, respectively. A one-percentage-point decrease in assumed health care cost
trend rates would decrease the total of the service and interest cost components
and the postretirement benefit obligation by $0.9 and $4.8, respectively.
Seven Employee Compensation Plans
The Company maintains several employee compensation plans relating to stock or
stock-based awards, including stock options, restricted stock, stock
appreciation rights, phantom stock and phantom stock options.
The Company has adopted the disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 123, "Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation," and as permitted by that statement, has continued
to measure compensation cost as the excess of the quoted market price of the
Company's stock at the grant date over the amount the employee must pay for the
stock. Since the Company grants stock options at fair market value at the date
of grant, no compensation expense is recognized. Compensation expense is
recognized with respect to phantom stock, stock appreciation rights and phantom
stock options.
SFAS No. 123 requires disclosure of pro forma net income and earnings per share
as if the fair value-based method had been applied in measuring compensation
cost for stock-based awards granted in 1999, 1998, 1997 and 1996.
Management believes that 1999, 1998 and 1997 pro forma amounts are not
representative of the effects of stock-based awards on future pro forma net
income and earnings per share because these pro forma amounts exclude the pro
forma compensation expense related to unvested stock options granted before
1996. In addition, certain options vest over several years, and awards in future
years may occur whose terms and conditions may vary.
As required by SFAS No. 123, the Company has disclosed below the pro forma
impact of using the fair value method to calculate compensation expense of stock
options and stock purchase rights granted.
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income
As reported $ 151.9 $ 17.9 $ 133.5
Pro forma $ 144.0 $ 10.5 $ 129.1
Earnings per share
As reported--basic $ 1.40 $ 0.16 $ 1.24
Pro forma--basic $ 1.33 $ 0.09 $ 1.20
As reported--diluted $ 1.39 $ 0.16 $ 1.24
Pro forma--diluted $ 1.32 $ 0.09 $ 1.20
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
The weighted-average fair value of options granted in 1999, 1998 and 1997 were
$5.91, $8.38 and $9.32, respectively. The weighted-average fair value of options
granted in 1998 includes the value of the November grant less the value of the
October grant as of the date that the November grant was issued (see discussion
of the 1989 and 1994 Key Employee Long Term Incentive Plans, below).
The fair values of the options granted were estimated on the date of their grant
using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model based on the following
weighted-average assumptions:
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
Risk-free interest rate 4.6% 5.5% 6.3%
Expected life 4.2 years 3.7 years 5.1 years
Expected volatility 30.1% 29.4% 23.5%
Expected dividend yield 0.6% 1.0% 3.7%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at
June 30, 1999:
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------
Weighted Average Weighted Weighted
Range of Options Remaining Average Options Average
Exercise Prices (000's) Contractual Life (yrs) Exercise Price (000's) Exercise Price
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$16.94-$18.97 2,165 9.23 $18.94 1 $18.10
$20.00-$29.44 2,930 8.01 $23.84 1,248 $24.90
$30.94-$39.81 125 7.90 $36.71 30 $38.64
$41.25-$48.13 4,495 5.42 $44.50 3,377 $44.53
$50.94-$55.12 70 5.78 $51.69 35 $52.43
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9,785 7.07 $32.61 4,691 $39.32
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Changes in outstanding options are as follows:
Shares Subject Weighted Average
(Options in thousands) to Options Exercise Price
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at June 30, 1996 6,034 $43.76
Granted 1,722 $41.04
Exercised (130) $25.67
Canceled (733) $44.53
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at June 30, 1997 6,893 $43.35
Granted 4,880 $24.76
Exercised (26) $20.13
Canceled (2,965) $32.05
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at June 30, 1998 8,782 $36.90
Granted 2,534 $19.54
Exercised (256) $23.14
Canceled (1,275) $38.02
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at June 30, 1999 9,785 $32.61
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Options exercisable at June 30, 1999 4,691 $39.32
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Options available for grant at June 30, 1999 3,223
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1989 and 1994 Key Employee Long Term Incentive Plans (the plans)
The plans provide that the Compensation and Nominating Committee of the Board of
Directors (the committee) may grant stock options, stock appreciation rights,
restricted stock, performance units, performance shares and other stock-based
awards to eligible employees. The committee may grant awards up to a maximum of
5,420,000 and 10,800,000 underlying shares of Class A nonvoting common stock
(Class A) under the plans, respectively.
Under the plans, options have been granted with exercise prices not less than
the fair market value of the Class A stock at the time of the grant, with an
exercise term as determined by the committee, not to exceed ten years. The
options have vesting terms as determined by the committee, but generally become
exercisable over four years. On October 9, 1997, options and stock appreciation
rights related to 2.1 million shares of Class A stock were granted to over 800
eligible employees pursuant to the stock-based plans (October grant). The
exercise price of the October grant was $27.03 per share, the fair market value
of the Company's common stock at October 9, 1997. The October grant was never
distributed.
On November 18, 1997, the October grant was canceled and options and stock
appreciation rights related to 2.1 million shares of Class A stock were reissued
to eligible employees at a price of $21.47 per share, the fair market value of
the Class A stock at November 18, 1997 (November grant). This reissuance was in
connection with a significant revision of the Company's executive compensation
structure, involving the elimination of long-term cash performance awards, the
reduction of annual cash bonuses and greater reliance on equity incentive
awards. The other terms of the November grant were not changed from the terms of
the October grant.
In 1998, the Company granted 596,700 restricted Class A shares with a value of
$15.7 to over 100 employees at no cost. In 1996, the Company granted 51,347
performance-based restricted Class A shares with a value of $2.4 to a key
employee at no cost. The market value of shares awarded is recorded as
unamortized restricted stock which is included in capital stock. Restricted
stock is amortized over the term of the restriction period. Amortization expense
of restricted stock amounted to $7.6, $2.3 and $0.6 for 1999, 1998 and 1997,
respectively.
During 1999, the committee awarded phantom performance shares, which give the
recipients the right to receive cash equal to the value of shares of Class A
stock that are earned if specific performance goals are achieved during a
specific performance period. The 1999 awards relate to the 1999-2000 and
1999-2001 performance periods. The Company has recorded $5.9 as expense during
1999 for both awards.
1989 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the ESPP)
Under the ESPP, the Company is authorized to issue up to 1,650,000 Class A
shares, principally to its full-time employees in the United States, nearly all
of whom are eligible to participate. Under the terms of the ESPP, employees can
choose every six months to have up to 10% of their annual base earnings withheld
to purchase Class A shares. The purchase price of the shares is 85% of the lower
of the fair market values of the Class A stock on the first and last days of the
six-month purchase period. Approximately 50% of eligible employees have
participated in the ESPP in the last three years.
In addition, several international subsidiaries of the Company have employee
stock purchase plans (international ESPP plans) under which the Company is
authorized to issue up to 300,000 Class A shares to its full-time employees each
year. The terms of the international ESPP plans in most locations are
essentially the same as the ESPP, and the purchase price of the shares is
generally 85% of the lower of the fair market values of the Class A stock on the
first and last days of the six-month purchase period.
Under the ESPP and the international ESPP plans, employees purchased 208,752
shares in 1999, 251,700 shares in 1998 and 239,026 shares in 1997.
The weighted-average fair values of these purchase rights granted in 1999, 1998
and 1997 were $6.99, $8.21 and $13.13, respectively.
The fair values of the purchase rights were estimated on the grant date using
the Black-Scholes option-pricing model based on the following weighted-average
assumptions:
1999 1998 1997
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
Risk-free interest rate 4.9% 6.5% 5.4%
Expected life 0.5 years 1.0 years 1.0 years
Expected volatility 37.1% 34.0% 29.5%
Expected dividend yield 0.6% 3.5% 4.3%
=======================================================================
Other Employee Compensation Plans
Effective July 1, 1998, the Company amended the Employee Ownership Plan and
401(k) Partnership to include a savings plan component under section 401(k) of
the Internal Revenue Code (the 401(k) plan). The 401(k) plan allows employees to
make pre-tax contributions to specified investment options. At the discretion of
the Board of Directors, the Company can make matching contributions to the
401(k) plan. The matching contributions vest ratably over a five-year period.
The Company contributed $3.7, $5.0 and $5.0 to the Employee Ownership Plan and
the 401(k) plan for 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
The Company granted 212,000 and 12,200 stock appreciation rights to key
employees in 1998 and 1996, respectively. The Company also issued 6,000 and
8,000 phantom stock options to non-employee members of the Board of Directors in
1998 and 1997, respectively.
Eight Income Taxes
Income before provision for income taxes is as follows:
1999 1998 1997
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
United States $ 183.1 $ 8.1 $ 162.5
International 28.6 33.4 47.7
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes $ 211.7 $ 41.5 $ 210.2
============================================================================
Components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes are as follows:
1999 1998 1997
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Current
Federal $ 39.4 $ (3.8) $ 10.0
State and local 3.7 1.1 3.2
International 34.5 17.4 22.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total current 77.6 14.7 35.2
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred
Federal 21.3 2.2 28.5
State and local 1.8 1.0 6.7
International (15.6) 5.7 6.3
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total deferred 7.5 8.9 41.5
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Provision for income taxes $ 85.1 $ 23.6 $ 76.7
============================================================================
A reconciliation between the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate and the
effective income tax rate is as follows:
1999 1998 1997
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. statutory tax rate 35.0% 35.0% 35.0%
International operations 1.3 2.1 (0.9)
State taxes, net 1.4 1.2 2.6
Other operating items 2.3 19.4 --
Other, net 0.2 (0.8) (0.2)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Effective tax rate 40.2% 56.9% 36.5%
============================================================================
Components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
1999 1998
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred compensation and other employee benefits $ 72.8 $ 81.8
Accounts receivable and other allowances 44.8 48.1
Net operating loss carryforwards 30.9 51.4
Other, net 69.3 82.1
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross deferred tax assets 217.8 263.4
Valuation allowance (23.5) (31.1)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total net assets 194.3 232.3
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred promotion costs 1.7 3.2
Deferred compensation and other employee benefits 6.9 7.3
Other, net 18.4 47.0
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total net liabilities 27.0 57.5
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net deferred taxes $ 167.3 $ 174.8
=============================================================================
Balance sheet classifications of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as
follows:
1999 1998
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 83.4 $ 67.9
Other noncurrent assets 110.9 121.7
Other current liabilities 3.7 3.7
Other noncurrent liabilities 23.3 11.1
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net deferred taxes $ 167.3 $ 174.8
=============================================================================
The Company has concluded that it is more likely than not that the results of
future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the net
deferred tax assets.
Net operating loss carryforwards of $94.0 at June 30, 1999, the majority of
which may be carried forward indefinitely, are available to reduce future tax of
certain foreign subsidiaries in a number of jurisdictions.
Deferred federal income taxes have not been provided on undistributed earnings
of foreign subsidiaries as any federal taxes payable would be substantially
offset by foreign tax credits.
Nine Debt
Competitive Advance and Revolving Credit Facility Agreement (the Credit
Agreement)
The Company is a party to the Credit Agreement, amended as of June 2, 1998, with
a syndicate of domestic and foreign banks. The Credit Agreement, which expires
on October 31, 2001, permits competitive advance and revolving credit borrowings
of up to $300.0 by the Company and its designated subsidiaries. Interest rates
are based on several pricing options that can vary based upon operating results
of the Company. The proceeds of the borrowings may be used for general corporate
purposes, including acquisitions, share repurchases and commercial paper backup.
The Credit Agreement contains certain restrictions on the incurrence of debt,
liens and guarantees of indebtedness. The Company must also comply with certain
financial covenants, including a minimum level of consolidated tangible net
worth. Borrowings may be denominated in U.S. dollars and various foreign
currencies.
The Credit Agreement obligates the Company to pay a facility fee dependent on
levels of earnings of the Company and are paid regardless of use. Fees range
between 0.2% and 0.375% of the total commitment. Also, the Company must pay
administrative fees and a utilization fee of 0.05% of the loans outstanding when
borrowings exceed 50% of the committed amount. Fees are payable quarterly in
arrears.
At June 30, 1999 and 1998, there were no borrowings outstanding under the Credit
Agreement and the Company was in compliance with all covenants.
Lines of Credit
International lines of credit totaled $60.0 and $62.6 at June 30, 1999 and 1998,
respectively, of which no amounts were outstanding at June 30, 1999 and $8.5 was
outstanding at June 30, 1998. These lines of credit expire at various dates
throughout 2000. Borrowings during 1998 under these lines of credit were
included in other current liabilities and carrying amounts approximated fair
value. The weighted-average interest rate applicable to the borrowings in 1998
was 7.9%.
Ten Capital Stock
The Company's capital stock consists of the following:
1999 1998
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
First preferred stock,
par value $1.00 per share; authorized 40,000 shares;
issued and outstanding 29,720 shares $ 3.0 $ 3.0
Second preferred stock,
par value $1.00 per share; authorized 120,000 shares;
issued and outstanding 103,720 shares 10.3 10.3
Third subordinated preferred stock,
par value $1.00 per share; authorized 230,000 shares;
issued and outstanding 155,022 shares 15.5 15.5
Preference stock,
par value $0.01 per share; authorized 25,000,000 shares;
issued and outstanding none -- --
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total preferred stock $ 28.8 $ 28.8
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A nonvoting common stock,
par value $0.01 per share; authorized 200,000,000 shares;
issued and outstanding 119,428,472 shares $ 1.2 $ 1.2
Class B voting common stock,
par value $0.01 per share; authorized 25,000,000 shares;
issued and outstanding 21,716,057 shares 0.2 0.2
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total common stock $ 1.4 $ 1.4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unamortized restricted stock $ (5.4) $ (13.6)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Common stock in treasury, at cost
Class A shares: 33,511,640 in 1999 and 33,982,205 in 1998 $(688.3) $(698.0)
===============================================================================
All shares of preferred stock have a preference in liquidation of $100.00 per
share. The difference between the aggregate par value and liquidation preference
has been appropriated from retained earnings and is shown as part of the value
of preferred stock. Further, all preferred stock is redeemable at any time at
the option of the Company at $105.00 per share plus accrued dividends. The terms
of the First preferred stock and the Second preferred stock provide for annual
cumulative dividends of $4.00 per share. The terms of the Third subordinated
preferred stock provide for annual cumulative dividends of $5.00 per share.
Eleven Commitments and Contingencies
General Litigation
The Company is a defendant in several lawsuits and claims arising in the regular
course of business. Based on the opinions of management and counsel for the
Company in such matters, recoveries, if any, by plaintiffs and claimants would
not significantly affect the financial position of the Company or its results of
operations.
Sale and Leaseback
During 1999, the Company sold and leased back a portion of its operating
facility in the United Kingdom. The gain is being amortized on a straight-line
basis over the term of the lease as a reduction in lease expense.
Lease Obligations
The Company and its subsidiaries occupy certain facilities under lease
arrangements and lease certain equipment.
Rental expense and sublease income are as follows:
1999 1998 1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rental expense $ 18.5 $ 25.6 $ 31.7
Sublease income (0.9) (6.0) (7.0)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net rental expense $ 17.6 $ 19.6 $ 24.7
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Future minimum rental commitments, net of sublease income, for noncancelable
operating leases are as follows:
Minimum Minimum
Rental Payments Sublease Income Net
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2000 $16.7 $ 1.3 $15.4
2001 $13.1 $ 1.2 $11.9
2002 $11.6 $ 1.2 $10.4
2003 $11.0 $ 1.1 $ 9.9
2004 $10.0 $ 1.2 $ 8.8
Later years $88.5 $ 5.8 $82.7
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Twelve Segments
As of June 30, 1999, the Company adopted SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures about
Segments of a Business Enterprise and Related Information," which establishes
standards for reporting information about operating segments. Operating segments
are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial
information is evaluated regularly in deciding how to allocate resources and in
assessing performance by the company's chief operating decision maker, its chief
executive officer.
The Company's operating segments are as follows: Global Books and Home
Entertainment, U.S. Magazines and International Magazines. Each operating
segment is a strategic business unit that is managed separately. Prior year
information has been restated to conform to the segments described below. In
addition, the Company has allocated all corporate administrative costs to the
operating segments. Prior year segment operating profit has been restated to
reflect fully allocated corporate administrative costs.
The Company evaluates performance and allocates resources based on operating
income from continuing operations excluding other operating items. The
accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note One.
Identifiable assets by segment are those assets that are used in the operations
of that business. Corporate assets consist primarily of cash and cash
equivalents, certain prepaid expenses and other current assets. Sales are
attributed to countries based on selling location. Long-lived assets are
principally composed of property, plant and equipment, net; intangible assets,
net; and prepaid pension benefits.
Operating Segments
Global Books and Home Entertainment publishes and markets Condensed Books,
series and general books, as well as music and video products.
U.S. Magazines publishes Reader's Digest magazine and several special interest
magazines in the United States. These magazines and other products are sold
through direct and retail marketing, including the activities of QSP.
International Magazines publishes Reader's Digest magazine in numerous editions
and languages outside the United States.
Operating Segment Financial Information
1999 1998 1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Revenues
Global Books and Home Entertainment $1,544.3 $1,680.2 $1,891.5
U.S. Magazines 664.3 656.3 625.5
International Magazines 323.6 354.7 379.5
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total revenues $2,532.2 $2,691.2 $2,896.5
===============================================================================
Operating profit (loss)
Global Books and Home Entertainment $ 80.8 $ 50.0 $ 161.2
U.S. Magazines 101.7 64.9 67.1
International Magazines (15.5) (14.7) (0.5)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Segment operating profit 167.0 100.2 227.8
Other operating items (37.9) (70.0) (35.0)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total operating profit $ 129.1 $ 30.2 $ 192.8
===============================================================================
Identifiable assets
Global Books and Home Entertainment $ 684.3 $ 875.1 $ 916.4
U.S. Magazines 290.6 329.3 303.4
International Magazines 165.1 175.4 223.9
Corporate 570.5 184.2 200.1
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total identifiable assets $1,710.5 $1,564.0 $1,643.8
===============================================================================
Depreciation, amortization & asset
impairments
Global Books and Home Entertainment $ 24.5 $ 29.3 $ 28.9
U.S. Magazines 15.5 8.4 7.7
International Magazines 10.6 5.4 6.5
Corporate 15.9 3.1 3.6
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total depreciation, amortization &
asset impairments $ 66.5 $ 46.2 $ 46.7
===============================================================================
Capital expenditures
Global Books and Home Entertainment $ 11.1 $ 20.9 $ 79.9
U.S. Magazines 8.6 6.1 8.7
International Magazines 4.9 4.3 17.4
Corporate 1.7 2.8 4.6
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total capital expenditures $ 26.3 $ 34.1 $ 110.6
===============================================================================
Information about geographic areas is as follows:
1999 1998 1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Revenues
United States $1,159.0 $1,238.9 $1,293.9
International 1,378.3 1,459.4 1,612.0
Inter-area (5.1) (7.1) (9.4)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total revenues $2,532.2 $2,691.2 $2,896.5
===============================================================================
Revenues inter-area
United States $ 1.5 $ 2.7 $ 2.9
International 3.6 4.4 6.5
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total revenues inter-area $ 5.1 $ 7.1 $ 9.4
===============================================================================
Long-lived assets
United States $ 282.6 $ 204.5 $ 230.3
International 136.7 263.2 292.6
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total long-lived assets $ 419.3 $ 467.7 $ 522.9
===============================================================================
Thirteen Subsequent Events (Unaudited)
On August 25, 1999, the Company agreed to purchase 100% of the stock of Books
Are Fun, Ltd. (BAF) for approximately $380.0 in cash. BAF sells books and gift
items by display marketing those products on-site at schools and businesses. The
acquisition, which is subject to customary closing conditions, including
regulatory approvals, is expected to close around October 1, 1999. The Company
expects to finance the acquisition through a combination of internal funds and
bank borrowings under its principal revolving credit facility. For the year
ended December 31, 1998, BAF had revenues of $178.0 and operating income of
$33.6.
Independent Auditors' Report
The Stockholders and Board of Directors
The Reader's Digest Association, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of The Reader's
Digest Association, Inc. and subsidiaries as of June 30, 1999 and 1998, and the
related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders' equity, and
cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended June 30, 1999.
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated
financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The Reader's Digest
Association, Inc. and subsidiaries at June 30, 1999 and 1998, and the results of
their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year
period ended June 30, 1999, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
As discussed in Note Six to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for the year
ended June 30, 1999, the Company changed its method for calculating the
market-related value of pension plan assets used in the determination of pension
expense.
/s/ KPMG LLP
KPMG LLP
New York, New York
August 17, 1999
Report of Management
The Company has prepared the accompanying financial statements and other related
financial information contained in this annual report in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles, applying certain estimates and
judgments as required.
The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls designed to
provide reasonable assurance, at reasonable cost, that transactions and events
are recorded properly and that assets are safeguarded. The internal control
system is supported by written policies and procedures and by the careful
selection, training and supervision of qualified personnel, and is monitored by
an internal audit function.
The Company's financial statements have been audited by KPMG LLP, independent
auditors, as stated in their report, which is presented herein.
The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, composed only of directors who
are not employed by the Company, meets periodically with management, internal
auditors and the independent auditors to review accounting, auditing, financial
reporting and other related matters. The internal auditors and independent
auditors have full and unrestricted access to the Audit Committee.
/s/ Thomas O. Ryder /s/ George S. Scimone
Thomas O. Ryder George S. Scimone
Chairman Senior Vice President
Chief Executive Officer Chief Financial Officer
Selected Financial Data
In millions, except per share data 1999(1) 1998(2) 1997(3) 1996(4) 1995
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income Statement Data
Revenues $ 2,532.2 $2,691.2 $2,896.5 $3,153.2 $3,120.1
Operating profit $ 129.1 $ 30.2 $ 192.8 $ 109.3 $ 391.9
Net income $ 151.9 $ 17.9 $ 133.5 $ 80.6 $ 264.0
Basic and diluted earnings per share $ 1.40/$1.39 $ 0.16 $ 1.24 $ 0.73 $ 2.35
Dividends per common share $ 0.375 $ 0.90 $ 1.80 $ 1.75 $ 1.55
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance Sheet Data
Cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments
and marketable securities $ 437.2 $ 126.1 $ 102.4 $ 374.2 $ 532.1
Total assets $ 1,710.5 $1,564.0 $1,643.8 $1,904.1 $1,958.7
Stockholders' equity $ 381.5 $ 258.6 $ 346.0 $ 478.9 $ 640.8
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
(basic and dilutive) 107.3/108.0 106.5 106.7 107.9 112.0
Book value per common share $ 3.28 $ 2.14 $ 2.98 $ 4.18 $ 5.66
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Results for 1999 include the net effect of second and fourth quarter
charges (aggregate pre-tax charges of $37.9, or $0.26 per share).
(2) Results for 1998 include the effect of first quarter charges (aggregate
pre-tax charges of $70.0, or $0.49 per share).
(3) Results for 1997 include the effect of fourth quarter charges (aggregate
pre-tax charges of $35.0, or $0.21 per share).
(4) Results for 1996 include the effects of third quarter charges (aggregate
pre-tax charges of $245.0, or $1.57 per share) and fourth quarter savings
on the finalization of the Company's lease termination program in the
United Kingdom ($10.0, or $0.09 per share).
Selected Quarterly Financial Data and Dividend
and Market Information (Unaudited)
Net Income (Loss) Stock Price Range High-Low
---------------------------- ---------------------------
In millions, except Operating Dividends Per Share Per Share
per share data Revenues Profit (Loss) Per Share(1) Amount Basic Diluted Class A Class B
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999
First Quarter $ 579.7 $ 16.6 $0.225 $ 27.8 $ 0.26 $ 0.26 $29.00-17.00 $29.25-18.44
Second Quarter(2) 817.0 67.9 0.050 86.5 0.80 0.80 $26.13-16.25 $25.38-16.00
Third Quarter 605.0 34.3 0.050 25.0 0.23 0.23 $36.25-24.75 $33.38-23.75
Fourth Quarter(2) 530.5 10.3 0.050 12.6 0.11 0.11 $40.94-28.13 $38.00-25.50
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 2,532.2 $129.1 $0.375 $151.9 $ 1.40 $ 1.39 $40.94-16.25 $38.00-16.00
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998
First Quarter(3) $ 567.0 $(83.5) $0.225 $(56.4) $(0.53) $(0.53) $30.56-24.50 $29.25-23.94
Second Quarter 847.4 86.4 0.225 54.3 0.51 0.51 $31.50-20.88 $30.00-21.63
Third Quarter 647.6 21.7 0.225 14.6 0.13 0.13 $27.50-22.38 $27.88-23.50
Fourth Quarter 629.2 5.6 0.225 5.4 0.05 0.05 $29.19-24.50 $29.13-23.94
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 2,691.2 $ 30.2 $0.900 $ 17.9 $ 0.16 $ 0.16 $31.50-20.88 $30.00-21.63
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Company's Class A and Class B stock are listed on the New York Stock
Exchange under the symbols RDA and RDB, respectively. As of June 30, 1999, there
were approximately 1,930 holders of record of the Company's Class A stock and
256 holders of record of the Company's Class B stock.
(1) Cash dividends on common stock are declared and paid share and share
alike, on Class A and Class B stock.
(2) Results for 1999 include the net effect of second and fourth quarter
charges (aggregate pre-tax charges of $37.9, or $0.26 per share).
(3) Results for 1998 include the effect of first quarter charges (aggregate
pre-tax charges of $70.0, or $0.49 per share).