(Exhibit 12) INTERNATIONAL PAPER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES (Dollar Amounts in Millions) (Unaudited) Six Months Ended For the Years Ended December 31, June 30, ------------------------------------------------ ---------------- TITLE 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1994 1995 ----- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- A) Earnings before income taxes, minority interest, extraordinary item and accounting changes $988.0 $693.0 $226.0 $538.0 $715.0 $287.0 $960.0 B) Less: Minority interest expense, net of taxes (33.0) (42.0) (15.0) (36.0) (47.0) (27.0) (57.0) C) Add: Fixed charges excluding capitalized interest 336.2 380.3 325.3 365.3 412.3 189.9 279.0 D) Add: Amortization of previously capitalized interest 8.6 9.9 9.9 12.2 12.8 6.2 6.5 E) Less: Equity in undistributed earnings of affiliates (9.4) (10.8) (19.1) (25.9) (49.1) (23.7) (45.2) -------- -------- ------ ------ -------- ------ -------- F) Earnings before income taxes, minority interest, extraordinary item, accounting changes and fixed charges $1,290.4 $1,030.4 $527.1 $853.6 $1,044.0 $432.4 $1,143.3 -------- -------- ------ ------ -------- ------ -------- Fixed Charges G) Interest and amortization of debt expense $309.5 $351.1 $297.1 $334.5 $371.0 $171.8 $260.7 H) Interest factor attributable to rentals 26.7 29.2 28.2 30.8 41.3 18.1 18.3 I) Capitalized interest 26.3 36.4 42.0 12.2 18.0 5.7 17.1 -------- -------- ------ ------ -------- ------ -------- J) Total fixed charges $362.5 $416.7 $367.3 $377.5 $430.3 $195.6 $296.1 ======== ======== ====== ====== ======== ====== ======== K) Ratio of earnings to fixed charges 3.56 2.47 1.44 2.26 2.43 2.21 3.86 ======== ======== ====== ====== ======== ====== ========