R&G Draft of 10/20/99
__________ Shares
PROFESSIONAL DETAILING, INC.
COMMON STOCK, $.01 PAR VALUE
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
November __, 1999
November __, 1999
Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated
[Other Managers]
c/o Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated
1585 Broadway
New York, New York 10036
Dear Sirs and Mesdames:
PROFESSIONAL DETAILING, INC., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"),
proposes to issue and sell to the several Underwriters named in Schedule II
hereto (the "Underwriters") and certain shareholders of the Company (the
"Selling Shareholders") named in Schedule I hereto severally propose to sell to
the several Underwriters an aggregate of __________ shares of the Common Stock,
$.01 par value of the Company (the "Firm Shares") of which __________ shares are
to be issued and sold by the Company and __________ shares are to be sold by the
Selling Shareholders, each Selling Shareholder selling the amount set forth
opposite such Selling Shareholder's name in Schedule I hereto.
The Company also proposes to issue and sell to the several Underwriters
not more than an additional __________ shares of its Common Stock, $.01 par
value (the "Additional Shares") if and to the extent that you, as Managers of
the offering, shall have determined to exercise, on behalf of the Underwriters,
the right to purchase such shares of common stock granted to the Underwriters in
Section 3 hereof. [Note that the apportionment of the Additional Shares among
the Company and the Selling Shareholders has yet to be determined and additional
changes will need to be made to reflect such determination]. The Firm Shares and
the Additional Shares are hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Shares".
The shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value of the Company to be outstanding
after giving effect to the sales contemplated hereby are hereinafter referred to
as the "Common Stock." The Company and the Selling Shareholders are hereinafter
sometimes collectively referred to as the "Sellers".
The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") a registration statement, including a prospectus, relating to the
Shares. The registration statement as amended at the time it becomes effective,
including the information (if any) deemed to be part of the registration
statement at the time of effectiveness pursuant to Rule 430A under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), is hereinafter
referred to as the "Registration Statement"; the prospectus in the form first
used to confirm sales of Shares is hereinafter referred to as the "Prospectus".
If the Company has filed an abbreviated registration statement to register
additional shares of Common Stock pursuant to
Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (the "Rule 462 Registration Statement"),
then any reference herein to the term "Registration Statement" shall be deemed
to include such Rule 462 Registration Statement (including, in the case of all
references to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, documents
incorporated therein by reference).
1. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company
represents and warrants to and agrees with each of the Underwriters that:
(a) The Registration Statement has become effective; no stop
order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement is in
effect, and no proceedings for such purpose are pending before or
threatened by the Commission.
(b) (i) Each document, if any, filed or to be filed pursuant
to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")
and incorporated by reference in the Prospectus complied or will comply
when so filed in all material respects with the Exchange Act and the
applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder; (ii) the
Registration Statement, when it became effective, did not contain and,
as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading, (iii) the Registration Statement and the Prospectus comply
and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will comply in all
material respects with the Securities Act and the applicable rules and
regulations of the Commission thereunder and (iv) the Prospectus does
not contain and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will not
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of
the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except
that the representations and warranties set forth in this paragraph
1(b) do not apply to statements or omissions in the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus based upon information relating to any
Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter
through you expressly for use therein.
(c) The Company has been duly incorporated, is validly
existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its incorporation, has the corporate power and
authority to own its property and to conduct its business as described
in the Prospectus and is duly qualified to transact business and is in
good standing in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business
or its ownership or leasing of property requires such qualification,
except to the extent that the failure to be so qualified or be in good
standing would not have a material adverse effect on the Company.
(d) Each subsidiary of the Company has been duly incorporated,
is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of
the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has the corporate power and
authority to own its property and to conduct
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its business as described in the Prospectus and is duly qualified to
transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which
the conduct of its business or its ownership or leasing of property
requires such qualification, except to the extent that the failure to
be so qualified or be in good standing would not have a material
adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
all of the issued shares of capital stock of each subsidiary of the
Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully
paid and non-assessable and are owned directly by the Company, free and
clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or claims.
(e) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and
delivered by the Company.
(f) The authorized capital stock of the Company conforms as to
legal matters to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus.
(g) The shares of Common Stock outstanding prior to the
issuance of the Shares to be sold by the Company have been duly
authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
(h) The Shares to be sold by the Company have been duly
authorized and, when issued and delivered in accordance with the terms
of this Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable, and the issuance of such Shares will not be subject to
any preemptive or similar rights.
(i) The execution and delivery by the Company of, and the
performance by the Company of its obligations under, this Agreement
will not contravene any provision of applicable law or the certificate
of incorporation or by-laws of the Company or any agreement or other
instrument binding upon the Company or any of its subsidiaries that is
material to the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or any
judgment, order or decree of any governmental body, agency or court
having jurisdiction over the Company or any subsidiary, and no consent,
approval, authorization or order of, or qualification with, any
governmental body or agency is required for the performance by the
Company of its obligations under this Agreement, except such as may be
required by the securities or Blue Sky laws of the various states in
connection with the offer and sale of the Shares.
(j) There has not occurred any material adverse change, or any
development involving a prospective material adverse change, in the
condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business or
operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole from
that set forth in the Prospectus (exclusive of any amendments or
supplements thereto subsequent to the date of this Agreement).
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(k) There are no legal or governmental proceedings pending or
threatened to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party
or to which any of the properties of the Company or any of its
subsidiaries is subject that are required to be described in the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus and are not so described or
any statutes, regulations, contracts or other documents that are
required to be described in the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement
that are not described or filed as required.
(l) Each preliminary prospectus filed as part of the
registration statement as originally filed or as part of any amendment
thereto, or filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act,
complied when so filed in all material respects with the Securities Act
and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
(m) The Company is not and, after giving effect to the
offering and sale of the Shares and the application of the proceeds
thereof as described in the Prospectus, will not be required to
register as an "investment company" as such term is defined in the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(n) The Company and its subsidiaries (i) are in compliance
with any and all applicable foreign, federal, state and local laws and
regulations relating to the protection of human health and safety, the
environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or
contaminants ("Environmental Laws"), (ii) have received all permits,
licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable
Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (iii) are
in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license
or approval, except where such noncompliance with Environmental Laws,
failure to receive required permits, licenses or other approvals or
failure to comply with the terms and conditions of such permits,
licenses or approvals would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a
material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a
whole.
(o) There are no costs or liabilities associated with
Environmental Laws (including, without limitation, any capital or
operating expenditures required for clean-up, closure of properties or
compliance with Environmental Laws or any permit, license or approval,
any related constraints on operating activities and any potential
liabilities to third parties) which would, singly or in the aggregate,
have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries,
taken as a whole.
(p) Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information
is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, (i) the
Company and its subsidiaries have not incurred any material liability
or obligation, direct or contingent, nor entered into any material
transaction not in the ordinary course of business; (ii) the Company
has not purchased any of its outstanding capital stock, nor declared,
paid or otherwise made any dividend or distribution of any kind on its
capital stock other than ordinary and
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customary dividends; and (iii) there has not been any material change
in the capital stock, short-term debt or long-term debt of the Company
and its subsidiaries, except in each case as described in the
Prospectus.
(q) The Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable
title in fee simple to all real property and good and marketable title
to all personal property owned by them which is material to the
business of the Company and its subsidiaries, in each case free and
clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects except such as are
described in the Prospectus or such as do not materially affect the
value of such property and do not interfere with the use made and
proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its
subsidiaries; and any real property and buildings held under lease by
the Company and its subsidiaries are held by them under valid,
subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not
material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made
of such property and buildings by the Company and its subsidiaries, in
each case except as described in the Prospectus.
(r) The Company and its subsidiaries own or possess, or can
acquire on reasonable terms, all material patents, patent rights,
licenses, inventions, copyrights, know-how (including trade secrets and
other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential
information, systems or procedures), trademarks, service marks and
trade names currently employed by them in connection with the business
now operated by them and necessary for the conduct of its business as
described in the Prospectus, and neither the Company nor any of its
subsidiaries has received any notice of or has knowledge of, any
infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect
to any of the foregoing which, singly or in the aggregate, if the
subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, could have a
material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a
whole.
(s) No material labor dispute with the employees of the
Company exists, except as described in or contemplated by the
Prospectus, or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent; and the
Company is not aware of any existing, threatened or imminent labor
disturbance by the employees of any of its principal suppliers,
manufacturers or contractors that could result in any material adverse
effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(t) The Company and its subsidiaries are insured by insurers
of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks
and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in
which they are engaged; neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries
has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for; and
neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has any reason to
believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance
coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar
coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to
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continue its business at a cost that could not have a material adverse
effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except as
described in the Prospectus.
(u) The Company and its subsidiaries possess all certificates,
authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state or
foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective
businesses, other than those which, if not so possessed, would not have
a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as
a whole, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has
received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or
modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit which,
singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision,
ruling or finding, could have a material adverse effect on the Company
and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except as described in the
Prospectus.
(v) The Company and each of its subsidiaries maintain a system
of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable
assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with
management's general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to
maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only
in accordance with management's general or specific authorization; and
(iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the
existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken
with respect to any differences.
(w) The accountants who have certified or shall certify the
financial statements filed or to be filed with the Commission as part
of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are independent
accountants as required by the Securities Act. The consolidated
financial statements of the Company (together with the related notes
thereto) included in the Registration Statement present fairly the
financial position and results of operations of the Company at the
respective dates and for the respective periods to which they apply,
subject to normal year-end adjustments. Such financial statements have
been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles consistently applied throughout the periods involved except
as otherwise stated therein. The pro forma financial information of the
Company included in the Registration Statement has been prepared in
accordance with the Commission's rules and guidelines with respect to
pro forma financial statements, has been properly compiled on the bases
described therein and, in the opinion of the Company, the assumptions
used in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the adjustments used
therein are appropriate to give effect to the transactions and
circumstances referred to therein.
(x) The Company has reviewed its operations and that of its
subsidiaries to evaluate the extent to which the business or operations
of the Company or any of its
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subsidiaries will be affected by the Year 2000 Problem (that is, any
significant risk that computer hardware or software applications used
by the Company and its subsidiaries will not, in the case of dates or
time periods occurring after December 31, 1999, function at least as
effectively as in the case of dates or time periods occurring prior to
January 1, 2000); as a result of such review, (i) the Company has no
reason to believe, and does not believe, that (A) there are any issues
related to the Company's preparedness to address the Year 2000 Problem
that are of a character required to be described or referred to in the
Registration Statement or Prospectus which have not been accurately
described in the Registration Statement or Prospectus and (B) the Year
2000 Problem will have a material adverse effect on the condition,
financial or otherwise, or on the earnings, business or operations of
the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or result in any
material loss or interference with the business or operations of the
Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; and (ii) the Company
reasonably believes, after due inquiry, that the suppliers, vendors,
customers or other material third parties used or served by the Company
and such subsidiaries are addressing or will address the Year 2000
Problem in a timely manner, except to the extent that a failure to
address the Year 2000 Problem by any supplier, vendor, customer or
material third party would not have a material adverse effect on the
condition, financial or otherwise, or on the earnings, business or
operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(y) To the Company's knowledge, no officer or director of the
Company is in breach or violation of any employment agreement,
non-competition agreement, confidentiality agreement, or other
agreement restricting the nature or scope of employment to which such
officer or director is a party, and, to the Company's knowledge, the
conduct of the Company's business, as described in the Registration
Statement and Prospectus, will not result in a breach or violation of
any such agreement.
(z) There are no outstanding options to acquire shares of
capital stock of the Company except as disclosed in the Registration
Statement and the Prospectus and except as have been granted under the
Company's 1998 stock option plan since June 30, 1999.
(aa) The Shares have been approved for quotation on the Nasdaq
National Market, subject to official notice of issuance.
(bb) Except as described in the Prospectus, there are no
contracts, agreements or understandings between the Company and any
person granting such person the right to require the Company to file a
registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to any
securities of the Company or to require the Company to include such
securities with the Shares registered pursuant to the Registration
Statement. The Company has either included the securities of those
persons who possess such rights or such persons have effectively waived
them with respect to the offering of the Shares.
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2. Representations and Warranties of the Selling Shareholders. Each of
the Selling Shareholders represents and warrants to and agrees with each of the
Underwriters that:
(a) This Agreement has been executed and delivered by or on
behalf of such Selling Shareholder.
(b) The execution and delivery by such Selling Shareholder of,
and the performance by such Selling Shareholder of its obligations
under, this Agreement, the Custody Agreement signed by such Selling
Shareholder and __________, as Custodian, relating to the deposit of
the Shares to be sold by such Selling Shareholder (the "Custody
Agreement") and the Power of Attorney appointing certain individuals as
such Selling Shareholder's attorneys-in-fact to the extent set forth
therein, relating to the transaction contemplated hereby and by the
Registration Statement (the "Power of Attorney") will not contravene
any provision of applicable law, or any agreement or other instrument
binding upon such Selling Shareholder of any judgment, order or decree
of any governmental body, agency or court having jurisdiction over such
Selling Shareholder, and no consent, approval, authorization or order
of, or qualification with, any governmental body or agency is required
for the performance by such Selling Shareholder of its obligations
under this Agreement or the Custody Agreement or Power of Attorney of
such Selling Shareholder, except such as may be required by the
securities or Blue Sky laws of the various states in connection with
the offer and sale of the Shares.
(c) Such Selling Shareholder has, and on the Closing Date will
have, valid title to the Shares to be sold by such Selling Shareholder
and the legal right and power, and all authorization and approval
required by law, to enter into this Agreement, the Custody Agreement
and the Power of Attorney and to sell, transfer and deliver the Shares
to be sold by such Selling Shareholder.
(d) The Custody Agreement and the Power of Attorney have been
executed and delivered by such Selling Shareholder and are valid and
binding agreements of such Selling Shareholder.
(e) Delivery of the Shares to be sold by such Selling
Shareholder pursuant to this Agreement will pass title to such Shares
free and clear of any security interests, claims, liens, equities and
other encumbrances.
(f) If the Selling Shareholder is an officer or director of
the Company (i) the Registration Statement, when it became effective,
did not contain and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will
not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading, (ii) the Registration Statement and
the Prospectus comply and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable,
will comply in all material
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respects with the Securities Act and the applicable rules and
regulations of the Commission thereunder and (iii) the Prospectus does
not contain and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will not
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of
the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except
that the representations and warranties set forth in this paragraph
2(f) do not apply to statements or omissions in the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus based upon information relating to any
Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter
through you expressly for use therein.
(g) For each Selling Shareholder other than those making a
representation and warranty pursuant to paragraph 2(f) above, all
information relating to such Selling Shareholder furnished to the
Company in writing by or on behalf of such Selling Shareholder for use
in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus is, and on the Closing
Date will be, true, correct, and complete, and does not, and on the
Closing Date will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state any material fact necessary to make such information
not misleading.
3. Agreements to Sell and Purchase. Each Seller, severally and not
jointly, hereby agrees to sell to the several Underwriters, and each
Underwriter, upon the basis of the representations and warranties herein
contained, but subject to the conditions hereinafter stated, agrees, severally
and not jointly, to purchase from such Seller at $__________ per share (the
"Purchase Price") the number of Firm Shares (subject to such adjustments to
eliminate fractional shares as you may determine) that bears the same proportion
to the number of Firm Shares to be sold by such Seller as the number of Firm
Shares set forth in Schedule II hereto opposite the name of such Underwriter
bears to the total number of Firm Shares.
On the basis of the representations and warranties contained in this
Agreement, and subject to its terms and conditions, the Company agrees to sell
to the Underwriters the Additional Shares, and the Underwriters shall have a
one-time right to purchase, severally and not jointly, up to __________
Additional Shares at the Purchase Price. [Note that the apportionment of the
Additional Shares among the Company and the Selling Shareholders has yet to be
determined] If you, on behalf of the Underwriters, elect to exercise such
option, you shall so notify the Company in writing not later than 30 days after
the date of this Agreement, which notice shall specify the number of Additional
Shares to be purchased by the Underwriters and the date on which such shares are
to be purchased. Such date may be the same as the Closing Date (as defined
below) but not earlier than the Closing Date nor later than ten business days
after the date of such notice. Additional Shares may be purchased as provided in
Section 5 hereof solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments made in
connection with the offering of the Firm Shares. If any Additional Shares are to
be purchased, each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase
the number of Additional Shares (subject to such adjustments to eliminate
fractional shares as you may determine) that bears the same proportion to the
total number of Additional Shares to be purchased as the
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number of Firm Shares set forth in Schedule II hereto opposite the name of such
Underwriter bears to the total number of Firm Shares.
Each Seller hereby agrees that, without the prior written consent of
Morgan Stanley on behalf of the Underwriters, it will not, during the period
ending 90 days after the date of the Prospectus, (i) offer, pledge, sell,
contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option
or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or
otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common
Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for
Common Stock or (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to
another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of
the Common Stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii)
above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in
cash or otherwise. The foregoing sentence shall not apply to (A) the Shares to
be sold hereunder, (B) the issuance by the Company of shares of Common Stock
upon the exercise of an option or warrant or the conversion of a security
outstanding on the date hereof of which the Underwriters have been advised in
writing or (C) transactions by any person other than the Company relating to
shares of Common Stock or other securities acquired in open market transactions
after the completion of the offering of the Shares or (D) grants of options to
purchase shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Company's equity-based
compensation plan described in the Prospectus, provided that such options are
not exercisable within such 90 day period. In addition, each Selling Shareholder
agrees that, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley on behalf of
the Underwriters, it will not, during the period ending 90 days after the date
of the Prospectus, make any demand for, or exercise any right with respect to,
the registration of any shares of Common Stock or any security convertible into
or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock.
4. Terms of Public Offering. The Sellers are advised by you that the
Underwriters propose to make a public offering of their respective portions of
the Shares as soon after the Registration Statement and this Agreement have
become effective as in your judgment is advisable. The Sellers are further
advised by you that the Shares are to be offered to the public initially at
$__________ a share (the "Public Offering Price") and to certain dealers
selected by you at a price that represents a concession not in excess of
$_________ a share under the Public Offering Price, and that any Underwriter may
allow, and such dealers may reallow, a concession, not in excess of $__________
a share, to any Underwriter or to certain other dealers.
5. Payment and Delivery. Payment for the Firm Shares to be sold by each
Seller shall be made to such Seller in Federal or other funds immediately
available in New York City against delivery of such Firm Shares for the
respective accounts of the several Underwriters at 10:00 a.m., New York City
time, on November __, 1999, or at such other time on the same or such other
date, not later than November __, 1999, as shall be designated in writing by
you. The time and date of such payment are hereinafter referred to as the
"Closing Date". The
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Closing of the offering and sale of the Firm Shares will be held at the Offices
of Ropes & Gray, 885 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022.
Payment for any Additional Shares shall be made [to the Company] in
Federal or other funds immediately available in New York City against delivery
of such Additional Shares for the respective accounts of the several
Underwriters at 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the date specified in the
notice described in Section 3 or at such other time on the same or on such other
date, in any event not later than December __, 1999, as shall be designated in
writing by you. The time and date of such payment are hereinafter referred to as
the "Option Closing Date." The Closing of the offering and sale of the
Additional Shares will be held at the Offices of Ropes & Gray, 885 Third Avenue,
New York, NY 10022.
Certificates for the Firm Shares and Additional Shares shall be in
definitive form and registered in such names and in such denominations as you
shall request in writing not later than one full business day prior to the
Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be. The certificates
evidencing the Firm Shares and Additional Shares shall be delivered to you on
the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, for the
respective accounts of the several Underwriters, with any transfer taxes payable
in connection with the transfer of the Shares to the Underwriters duly paid,
against payment of the Purchase Price therefor.
6. Conditions to the Underwriters' Obligations. The obligations of the
Sellers to sell the Shares to the Underwriters and the several obligations of
the Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Shares on the Closing Date are
subject to the condition that the Registration Statement shall have become
effective not later than [__________] (New York City time) on the date hereof.
The several obligations of the Underwriters are subject to the
following further conditions:
(a) Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement
and prior to the Closing Date:
(i) there shall not have occurred any downgrading,
nor shall any notice have been given of any intended or
potential downgrading or of any review for a possible change
that does not indicate the direction of the possible change,
in the rating accorded any of the Company's securities by any
"nationally recognized statistical rating organization," as
such term is defined for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the
Securities Act; and
(ii) there shall not have occurred any change, or any
development involving a prospective change, in the condition,
financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business or
operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken
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as a whole, from that set forth in the Prospectus (exclusive
of any amendments or supplements thereto subsequent to the
date of this Agreement) that, in your judgment, is material
and adverse and that makes it, in your judgment, impracticable
to market the Shares on the terms and in the manner
contemplated in the Prospectus.
(b) The Underwriters shall have received on the Closing Date a
certificate, dated the Closing Date and signed by an executive officer
of the Company, to the effect set forth in Section 6(a)(i) above and to
the effect that the representations and warranties of the Company
contained in this Agreement are true and correct as of the Closing Date
and that the Company has complied with all of the agreements and
satisfied all of the conditions on its part to be performed or
satisfied hereunder on or before the Closing Date.
The officer signing and delivering such certificate may rely upon the
best of his or her knowledge as to proceedings threatened.
(c) The Underwriters shall have received on the Closing Date
an opinion of Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander, L.L.P., outside counsel
for the Company, dated the Closing Date, to the effect that:
(i) the Company has been duly incorporated, is
validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the
laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has the
corporate power and authority to own its property and to
conduct its business as described in the Prospectus and is
duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing in
each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or its
ownership or leasing of property requires such qualification,
except to the extent that the failure to be so qualified or be
in good standing would not have a material adverse effect on
the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
(ii) each subsidiary of the Company has been duly
incorporated, is validly existing as a corporation in good
standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its
incorporation, has the corporate power and authority to own
its property and to conduct its business as described in the
Prospectus and is duly qualified to transact business and is
in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of
its business or its ownership or leasing of property requires
such qualification, except to the extent that the failure to
be so qualified or be in good standing would not have a
material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries,
taken as a whole;
(iii) the authorized capital stock of the Company
conforms as to legal matters to the description thereof
contained in the Prospectus;
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(iv) the shares of Common Stock outstanding prior to
the issuance of the Shares to be sold by the Company have been
duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable;
(v) all of the issued shares of capital stock of each
subsidiary of the Company have been duly and validly
authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and
are owned directly by the Company, and, to such counsel's
knowledge, are free and clear of all liens, encumbrances,
equities or claims;
(vi) the Shares to be sold by the Company have been
duly authorized and, when issued and delivered in accordance
with the terms of this Agreement, will be validly issued,
fully paid and non-assessable, and the issuance of such Shares
will not be subject to any preemptive or similar rights;
(vii) this Agreement has been duly authorized,
executed and delivered by the Company;
(viii) the execution and delivery by the Company of,
and the performance by the Company of its obligations under,
this Agreement will not contravene the certificate of
incorporation or by-laws of the Company or, to the best of
such counsel's knowledge, any provision of applicable law, any
agreement or other instrument binding upon the Company or any
of its subsidiaries that is material to the Company and its
subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or, to the best of such
counsel's knowledge, any judgment, order or decree of any
governmental body, agency or court having jurisdiction over
the Company or any subsidiary, and no consent, approval,
authorization or order of, or qualification with, any
governmental body or agency is required for the performance by
the Company of its obligations under this Agreement, except
such as may be required by the securities or Blue Sky laws of
the various states in connection with the offer and sale of
the Shares by the Underwriters as to which such counsel need
express no opinion;
(ix) the statements (A) in the Prospectus under the
captions "Business Contracts and Clients," "Description of
Capital Stock" and "Underwriters" and (B) in the Registration
Statement in Item 15, in each case insofar as such statements
constitute summaries of the legal matters, documents or
proceedings referred to therein, fairly present the
information called for with respect to such legal matters,
documents and proceedings and fairly summarize the matters
referred to therein;
(x) after due inquiry, such counsel does not know of
any legal or governmental proceedings pending or threatened to
which the Company or any
-13-
of its subsidiaries is a party or to which any of the
properties of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is
subject that are required to be described in the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus and are not so described or of any
statutes, regulations, contracts or other documents that are
required to be described in the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration
Statement that are not described or filed as required;
(xi) the Company is not and, after giving effect to
the offering and sale of the Shares and the application of the
proceeds thereof as described in the Prospectus, will not be
required to register as an "investment company" as such term
is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
(xii) to the best of such counsel's knowledge, the
Company and its subsidiaries (A) are in compliance with any
and all applicable Environmental Laws, (B) have received all
permits, licenses or other approvals required of it under
applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective
business and (C) are in compliance with all terms and
conditions of any such permit, license or approval, except
where such noncompliance with Environmental Laws, failure to
receive required permits, licenses or other approvals or
failure to comply with the terms and conditions of such
permits, licenses or approvals would not, singly or in the
aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company and
its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; and
(xiii) such counsel (A) is of the opinion that each
document filed pursuant to the Exchange Act and incorporated
by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus
(except for financial statements and schedules as to which
such counsel need not express any opinion) complied when so
filed as to form in all material respects with the Exchange
Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission
thereunder, (B) is of the opinion that the Registration
Statement and Prospectus (except for financial statements and
schedules and other financial and statistical data included
therein as to which such counsel need not express any opinion)
comply as to form in all material respects with the Securities
Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission
thereunder, (C) has no reason to believe that (except for
financial statements and schedules and other financial and
statistical data as to which such counsel need not express any
belief) the Registration Statement and the prospectus included
therein at the time the Registration Statement became
effective contained any untrue statement of a material fact or
omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein
or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading and
(D) has no reason to believe that (except for financial
statements and schedules and other financial and statistical
data as to which such
-14-
counsel need not express any belief) the Prospectus contains
any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a
material fact necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading.
(d) The Underwriters shall have received on the Closing Date
an opinion of Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander, L.L.P., counsel for the
Selling Shareholders, dated the Closing Date, to the effect that:
(i) this Agreement has been duly executed and
delivered by or on behalf of each of the Selling Shareholders;
(ii) the execution and delivery by each Selling
Shareholder of, and the performance by such Selling
Shareholder of its obligations under, this Agreement and the
Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney of such Selling
Shareholder will not contravene any provision of applicable
law, or, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, any
agreement or other instrument binding upon such Selling
Shareholder or, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, any
judgment, order or decree of any governmental body, agency or
court having jurisdiction over such Selling Shareholder of its
obligations under this Agreement or the Custody Agreement or
Power of Attorney of such Selling Shareholder, and no consent,
approval, authorization or order of, or qualification with,
any governmental body or agency is required for the
performance by such Selling Shareholder of its obligations
under this Agreement or the Custody Agreement or Power of
Attorney of such Selling Shareholder, except such as may be
required by the securities or Blue Sky laws of the various
states in connection with offer and sale of the Shares;
(iii) each of the Selling Shareholders is the record
owner and, to such counsel's knowledge, the beneficial owner,
of the Shares to be sold by such Selling Shareholder and the
legal right and power, and all authorization and approval
required by law, to enter into this Agreement and the Custody
Agreement and Power of Attorney of such Selling Shareholder
and to sell, transfer and deliver the Shares to be sold by
such Selling Shareholder;
(iv) the Custody Agreement and the Power of Attorney
of each Selling Shareholder have been executed and delivered
by such Selling Shareholder and are valid and binding
agreements of such Selling Shareholder;
(v) delivery of the Shares to be sold by each Selling
Shareholder pursuant to this Agreement will pass title to such
Shares free and clear of any security interests, claims,
liens, equities and other encumbrances; and
-15-
(vi) such counsel (A) is of the opinion that the
Registration Statement and Prospectus (except for financial
statements and schedules and other financial and statistical
data included therein as to which such counsel need not
express any opinion) comply as to form in all material
respects with the Securities Act and the applicable rules and
regulations of the Commission thereunder, (B) has no reason to
believe that (except for financial statements and schedules
and other financial and statistical data as to which such
counsel need not express any belief) the Registration
Statement and the prospectus included therein at the time the
Registration Statement became effective contained any untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading and (C) has no reason to
believe that (except for financial statements and schedules
and other financial and statistical data as to which such
counsel need not express any belief) the Prospectus contains
any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a
material fact necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading.
(e) The Underwriters shall have received on the Closing Date
an opinion of Farkas & Manelli, P.L.L.C., regulatory counsel to the
Company, dated the Closing Date to the effect that:
(i) The statements under the captions ["Risk
Factors-The Healthcare Industry ..." and "Business--Government
and Industry Regulation"] in the Prospectus, insofar as such
statements constitute a summary of documents referred to
therein or matters of law, fairly summarize in all material
respects the information called for with respect to such
documents and matters.
(f) The Underwriters shall have received on the Closing Date
an opinion of Ropes & Gray, counsel for the Underwriters, dated the
Closing Date, covering the matters referred to in Sections 6(c)(vi),
6(c)(vii), 6(c)(ix) (but only as to the statements in the Prospectus
under "Description of Capital Stock" and "Underwriters") and clauses
(B), (C) and (D) of Section 6(c)(xiii).
With respect to subparagraph (xiii) of paragraph 6(c) above, Morse,
Zelnick, Rose & Lander, L.L.P. and Ropes & Gray may state that their opinion and
belief are based upon their participation in the preparation of the Registration
Statement and Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto and documents
incorporated therein by reference and review and discussion of the contents
thereof, but are without independent check or verification, except as specified.
With respect to clauses (B), (C) and (D) of subparagraph (xii) of paragraph (c)
above, Ropes & Gray may state that their opinion and belief are based upon their
participation in the preparation of the Registration Statement and Prospectus
and any amendments or supplements thereto (other than the documents incorporated
by reference) and
-16-
review and discussion of the contents thereof (including documents incorporated
by reference), but are without independent check or verification except as
specified.
The opinion of Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander, L.L.P. and Farkas &
Manelli, P.L.L.C. described in paragraphs 6(c) and 6(d), respectively, shall be
rendered to the Underwriters at the request of the Company or one or more of the
Selling Shareholders, as the case may be, and shall so state therein.
(g) The Underwriters shall have received, on each of the date
hereof and the Closing Date, a letter dated the date hereof or the
Closing Date, as the case may be, in form and substance satisfactory to
the Underwriters, from Coopers & Lybrand, L.L.P. independent public
accountants, containing statements and information of the type
ordinarily included in accountants' "comfort letters" to underwriters
with respect to the financial statements and certain financial
information contained in or incorporated by reference into the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus; provided that the letter
delivered on the Closing Date shall use a "cut-off date" not earlier
than the date hereof.
(h) The "lock-up" agreements, each substantially in the form
of Exhibit A hereto, between you and certain shareholders, officers and
directors of the Company relating to sales and certain other
dispositions of shares of Common Stock or certain other securities,
delivered to you on or before the date hereof, shall be in full force
and effect on the Closing Date.
(i) The several obligations of the Underwriters to purchase
Additional Shares hereunder are subject to the delivery to you on the
Option Closing Date of such documents as you may reasonably request
with respect to the good standing of the Company, the due authorization
and issuance of the Additional Shares and other matters related to the
issuance of the Additional Shares.
(j) The Shares shall have been approved for quotation through
the Nasdaq National Market.
7. Covenants of the Company. In further consideration of the agreements
of the Underwriters herein contained, the Company covenants with each
Underwriter as follows:
(a) To furnish you, without charge, [_____] signed copies of
the Registration Statement (including exhibits thereto and documents
incorporated by reference) and for delivery to each other Underwriter a
copy of the Registration Statement (without exhibits thereto but
including document incorporated by reference) and to furnish to you in
New York City, without charge, prior to 10:00 A.M. local time on the
business day next succeeding the date of this Agreement and during the
period mentioned in paragraph 7(c) below, as many copies of the
Prospectus, and documents incorporated therein by reference, and any
supplements and amendments thereto as you may
-17-
reasonably request. The terms "supplement" and "amendment" or "amend"
as used in this Agreement shall include all documents subsequently
filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act
that are deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Prospectus.
(b) Before amending or supplementing the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus, to furnish to you a copy of each such
proposed amendment or supplement and not to file any such proposed
amendment or supplement to which you reasonably object, and to file
with the Commission within the applicable period specified in Rule
424(b) under the Securities Act any prospectus required to be filed
pursuant to such Rule.
(c) If, during such period after the first date of the public
offering of the Shares as in the opinion of counsel for the
Underwriters the Prospectus is required by law to be delivered in
connection with sales by an Underwriter or dealer, any event shall
occur or condition exist as a result of which it is necessary to amend
or supplement the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein,
in the light of the circumstances when the Prospectus is delivered to a
purchaser, not misleading, or if, in the opinion of counsel for the
Underwriters, it is necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus to
comply with applicable law, forthwith to prepare, file with the
Commission and furnish, at its own expense, to the Underwriters and to
the dealers (whose names and addresses you will furnish to the Company)
to which Shares may have been sold by you on behalf of the Underwriters
and to any other dealers upon request, either amendments or supplements
to the Prospectus so that the statements in the Prospectus as so
amended or supplemented will not, in the light of the circumstances
when the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, be misleading or so
that the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, will comply with law.
(d) To endeavor to qualify the Shares for offer and sale under
the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as you shall
reasonably request.
(e) To make generally available to the Company's security
holders and to you as soon as practicable an earning statement covering
the twelve-month period ending December 31, 2000 that satisfies the
provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and the rules and
regulations of the Commission thereunder.
8. Expenses.
(a) Whether or not the transactions contemplated in this
Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, the Sellers
agree to pay or cause to be paid all expenses incident to the
performance of obligations under this Agreement, including: (i) the
fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company's counsel, the
Company's accountants and counsel for the Selling Shareholders in
connection with the
-18-
registration and delivery of the Shares under the Securities Act and
all other fees or expenses in connection with the preparation and
filing of the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the
Prospectus and amendments and supplements to any of the foregoing,
including all printing costs associated therewith, and the mailing and
delivering of copies thereof to the Underwriters and dealers, in the
quantities hereinabove specified, (ii) all costs and expenses related
to the transfer and delivery of the Shares to the Underwriters,
including any transfer or other taxes payable thereon, (iii) the cost
of printing or producing any Blue Sky or Legal Investment memorandum in
connection with the offer and sale of the Shares under state securities
laws and all expenses in connection with the qualification of the
Shares for offer and sale under state securities laws as provided in
paragraph 7(d) hereof, including filing fees and the reasonable fees
and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with
such qualification and in connection with the Blue Sky or Legal
Investment memorandum, (iv) all filing fees and the reasonable fees and
disbursements of counsel to the Underwriters incurred in connection
with the review and qualification of the offering of the Shares by the
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., (v) the cost of
printing certificates representing the Shares, (vi) the costs and
charges of any transfer agent, registrar or depositary, (vii) the costs
and expenses of the Company relating to investor presentations on any
"road show" undertaken in connection with the marketing of the offering
of the Shares, including, without limitation, expenses associated with
the production of road show slides and graphics, fees and expenses of
any consultants engaged in connection with the road show presentations
with the prior approval of the Company, travel and lodging expenses of
the representatives and officers of the Company and any such
consultants, and the cost of any aircraft chartered in connection with
the road show, and (viii) all other costs and expenses incident to the
performance of the obligations of the Company hereunder for which
provision is not otherwise made in this Section. It is understood,
however, that except as provided in this Section, Section 9 entitled
"Indemnity and Contribution", and the last paragraph of Section 11
below, the Underwriters will pay all of their costs and expenses,
including fees and disbursements of their counsel, stock transfer taxes
payable on resale of any of the Shares by them and any advertising
expenses connected with any offers they may make.
The provisions of this Section shall not supersede or otherwise affect
any agreement that the Sellers may otherwise have for the allocation of such
expenses among themselves.
9. Indemnity and Contribution.
(a) The Company and each Selling Shareholder who is a director
or officer of the Company (as designated with an asterisk "*" on
Schedule I) on the date of this Agreement, jointly and severally, agree
to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter and each person, if
any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of either Section
15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and
-19-
against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including,
without limitation, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in
connection with defending or investigating any such action or claim)
caused by any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a
material fact contained in the Registration Statement or any amendment
thereof, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (as amended or
supplemented if the Company shall have furnished any amendments or
supplements thereto), or caused by any omission or alleged omission to
state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, except insofar
as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities are caused by any such
untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission
based upon information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the
Company in writing by such Underwriter through you expressly for use
therein;
(b) Each Selling Shareholder severally agrees to indemnify and
hold harmless (i) each Underwriter and each person, if any, who
controls any Underwriter within the meaning of either Section 15 of the
Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and (ii) the Company,
its directors, its officers who sign the Registration Statement, and
each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of
either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange
Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and
liabilities (including, without limitation, any legal or other expenses
reasonably incurred in connection with defending or investigating any
such action or claim) (i) caused by any untrue statement or alleged
untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration
Statement or any amendment thereof, any preliminary prospectus or the
Prospectus (as amended or supplemented if the Company shall have
furnished any amendments or supplement thereto), or caused by any
omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading, but only with reference to information relating to such
Selling Shareholder furnished in writing by or on behalf of such
Selling Shareholder expressly for use in the Registration Statement,
any preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus or any amendments or
supplements thereto.
(c) Each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to
indemnify and hold harmless the Company, the Selling Shareholders, the
directors of the Company, the officers of the Company who sign the
Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the
Company or any Selling Shareholder within the meaning of either Section
15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act from and
against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including,
without limitation, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in
connection with defending or investigating any such action or claim)
caused by any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a
material fact contained in the Registration Statement or any amendment
thereof, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (as amended or
supplemented if the Company shall have furnished any amendments or
supplements thereto), or caused
-20-
by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein not misleading, but only with reference to information relating
to such Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such
Underwriter through you expressly for use in the Registration
Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus or any amendments
or supplements thereto.
(d) The aggregate liability of any Selling Shareholder under
the representations and warranties contained in Section 2(g) hereof and
for indemnification under Section 9 shall in no event exceed the net
proceeds received by such Selling Shareholder from the Underwriters in
the offering of the Shares.
(e) In case any proceeding (including any governmental
investigation) shall be instituted involving any person in respect of
which indemnity may be sought pursuant to Section 9(a), 9(b) or 9(c),
such person (the "indemnified party") shall promptly notify the person
against whom such indemnity may be sought (the "indemnifying party") in
writing and the indemnifying party, upon request of the indemnified
party, shall retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified
party to represent the indemnified party and any others the
indemnifying party may designate in such proceeding and shall pay the
fees and disbursements of such counsel related to such proceeding. In
any such proceeding, any indemnified party shall have the right to
retain its own counsel, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall
be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (i) the indemnifying
party and the indemnified party shall have mutually agreed to the
retention of such counsel or (ii) the named parties to any such
proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the
indemnifying party and the indemnified party and representation of both
parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or
potential differing interests between them. It is understood that the
indemnifying party shall not, in respect of the legal expenses of any
indemnified party in connection with any proceeding or related
proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for (i) the fees and
expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local
counsel) for all Underwriters and all persons, if any, who control any
Underwriter within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities
Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, (ii) the fees and expenses of
more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for the
Company, its directors, its officers who sign the Registration
Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the
meaning of either such Section and (iii) the fees and expenses of more
than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for all
Selling Shareholders and all persons, if any, who control any Selling
Shareholder within the meaning of either such Section, and that all
such fees and expenses shall be reimbursed as they are incurred. In the
case of any such separate firm for the Underwriters and such control
persons of any Underwriters, such firm shall be designated in writing
by Morgan Stanley. In the case of any such separate firm for the
Company, and such directors, officers and control persons of the
Company, such firm shall be designated in writing by the
-21-
Company. In the case of any such separate firm for the Selling
Shareholders and such control persons of any Selling Shareholders, such
firm shall be designated in writing by the persons named as
attorneys-in-fact for the Selling Shareholders under the Powers of
Attorney. The indemnifying party shall not be liable for any settlement
of any proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled
with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff,
the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify the indemnified party from
and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or
judgment. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an
indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to
reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel as
contemplated by the second and third sentences of this paragraph, the
indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of
any proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such
settlement is entered into more than 30 days after receipt by such
indemnifying party of the aforesaid request and (ii) such indemnifying
party shall not have reimbursed the indemnified party in accordance
with such request prior to the date of such settlement. No indemnifying
party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified
party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in
respect of which any indemnified party is or could have been a party
and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified
party, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such
indemnified party from all liability on claims that are the subject
matter of such proceeding.
(f) To the extent the indemnification provided for in Section
9(a), 9(b) or 9(c) is unavailable to an indemnified party or
insufficient in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities
referred to therein, then each indemnifying party under such paragraph,
in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party thereunder, shall
contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a
result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (i) in such
proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received
by the indemnifying party or parties on the one hand and the
indemnified party or parties on the other hand from the offering of the
Shares or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause 9(f)(i) above is
not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate
to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause 9(f)(i)
above but also the relative fault of the indemnifying party or parties
on the one hand and of the indemnified party or parties on the other
hand in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in
such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any other
relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by
the Sellers on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand in
connection with the offering of the Shares shall be deemed to be in the
same respective proportions as the net proceeds from the offering of
the Shares (before deducting expenses) received by each Seller and the
total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the
Underwriters, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover of
the Prospectus, bear to the aggregate Public Offering Price of the
Shares. The relative fault of the Sellers on the one hand and the
Underwriters on the other hand shall be determined by reference
-22-
to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement
of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a
material fact relates to information supplied by the Sellers or by the
Underwriters and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to
information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or
omission. The Underwriters' respective obligations to contribute
pursuant to this Section 9 are several in proportion to the respective
number of Shares they have purchased hereunder, and not joint.
(g) The Sellers and the Underwriters agree that it would not
be just or equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 9 were
determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were
treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of
allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations
referred to in Section 9(f). The amount paid or payable by an
indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages and
liabilities referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph shall be
deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any
legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party
in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim.
Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 9, no Underwriter shall
be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which
the total price at which the Shares underwritten by it and distributed
to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any
damages that such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by
reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or
alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation
(within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be
entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such
fraudulent misrepresentation. The remedies provided for in this Section
9 are not exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which
may otherwise be available to any indemnified party at law or in
equity.
(h) The indemnity and contribution provisions contained in
this Section 9 and the representations, warranties and other statements
of the Company and the Selling Shareholders contained in this Agreement
shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (i)
any termination of this Agreement, (ii) any investigation made by or on
behalf of any Underwriter or any person controlling any Underwriter,
any Selling Shareholder or any person controlling any Selling
Shareholder, or the Company, its officers or directors or any person
controlling the Company and (iii) acceptance of and payment for any of
the Shares.
10. Termination. This Agreement shall be subject to termination by
notice given by you to the Company, if (a) after the execution and delivery of
this Agreement and prior to the Closing Date (i) trading generally shall have
been suspended or materially limited on or by, as the case may be, any of the
New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the National Association
of Securities Dealers, Inc., the Chicago Board of Options Exchange, the Chicago
Mercantile Exchange or the Chicago Board of Trade, (ii) trading of any
securities of
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the Company shall have been suspended on any exchange or in any over-the-counter
market, (iii) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities in New York
shall have been declared by either Federal or New York State authorities or (iv)
there shall have occurred any outbreak or escalation of hostilities or any
change in financial markets or any calamity or crisis that, in your judgment, is
material and adverse and (b) in the case of any of the events specified in
clauses 10(a)(i) through 10(a)(iv), such event, singly or together with any
other such event, makes it, in your judgment, impracticable to market the Shares
on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus.
11. Effectiveness; Defaulting Underwriters. This Agreement shall become
effective upon the execution and delivery hereof by the parties hereto.
If, on the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be,
any one or more of the Underwriters shall fail or refuse to purchase Shares that
it has or they have agreed to purchase hereunder on such date, and the aggregate
number of Shares which such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but
failed or refused to purchase is not more than one-tenth of the aggregate number
of the Shares to be purchased on such date, the other Underwriters shall be
obligated severally in the proportions that the number of Firm Shares set forth
opposite their respective names in Schedule II bears to the aggregate number of
Firm Shares set forth opposite the names of all such non-defaulting
Underwriters, or in such other proportions as you may specify, to purchase the
Shares which such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed or
refused to purchase on such date; provided that in no event shall the number of
Shares that any Underwriter has agreed to purchase pursuant to this Agreement be
increased pursuant to this Section 11 by an amount in excess of one-ninth of
such number of Shares without the written consent of such Underwriter. If, on
the Closing Date, any Underwriter or Underwriters shall fail or refuse to
purchase Firm Shares and the aggregate number of Firm Shares with respect to
which such default occurs is more than one-tenth of the aggregate number of Firm
Shares to be purchased, and arrangements satisfactory to you and the Company and
the Selling Shareholders for the purchase of such Firm Shares are not made
within 36 hours after such default, this Agreement shall terminate without
liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter, the Company or the
Selling Shareholders. In any such case either you or the relevant Sellers shall
have the right to postpone the Closing Date, but in no event for longer than
seven days, in order that the required changes, if any, in the Registration
Statement and in the Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements may be
effected. If, on the Option Closing Date, any Underwriter or Underwriters shall
fail or refuse to purchase Additional Shares and the aggregate number of
Additional Shares with respect to which such default occurs is more than
one-tenth of the aggregate number of Additional Shares to be purchased, the
non-defaulting Underwriters shall have the option to (i) terminate their
obligation hereunder to purchase Additional Shares or (ii) purchase not less
than the number of Additional Shares that such non-defaulting Underwriters would
have been obligated to purchase in the absence of such default. Any action taken
under this paragraph shall not relieve any defaulting Underwriter from liability
in respect of any default of such Underwriter under this Agreement.
If this Agreement shall be terminated by the Underwriters, or any of
them, because of any failure or refusal on the part of any Seller to comply with
the terms or to fulfill any of the conditions of this Agreement, or if for any
reason any Seller shall be unable to perform its obligations under this
Agreement, the Sellers will reimburse the Underwriters or such Underwriters as
have so terminated this Agreement with respect to themselves, severally, for all
out-of-pocket expenses (including the fees and disbursements of their counsel)
reasonably
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incurred by such Underwriters in connection with this Agreement or the offering
contemplated hereunder.
12. Counterparts. This Agreement may be signed in two or more
counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the
signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument.
13. Applicable Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed
in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York.
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14. Headings. The headings of the sections of this Agreement have been
inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be deemed a part of
this Agreement.
Very truly yours,
PROFESSIONAL DETAILING, INC.
By:_______________________
Name:
Title:
The Selling Shareholders named in
Schedule I hereto, acting severally
By:_______________________
Attorney-in-Fact
Accepted as of the date hereof
MORGAN STANLEY & CO. INCORPORATED
[Other Managers]
Acting severally on behalf of themselves and the several Underwriters named in
Schedule II hereto.
By: Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated
By:_______________________________
Name:
Title:
SCHEDULE I
SELLING SHAREHOLDERS
Number of
Firm Shares
Selling Shareholder To Be Sold
------------------- ----------
John P. Dugan
Charles T. Saldarini
[Others]
Total
---------------
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SCHEDULE II
UNDERWRITERS
Number of
Firm Shares
Underwriter To Be Purchased
----------- ---------------
Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated
---------
Total Firm Shares
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EXHIBIT A
FORM OF LOCK-UP LETTER
[attached]
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