1
EXHIBIT 3.2
RESTATED
BYLAWS
OF
WALL DATA INCORPORATED
2
AMENDMENTS
(AMENDMENTS ADOPTED AFTER EFFECTIVE DATE OF
MARCH 15, 1993 AND INCORPORATED HEREIN)
SECTION EFFECT OF AMENDMENT DATE OF AMENDMENT
- ------- ------------------- -----------------
3.2 Deleted requirement that directors adopted by the Board on
in excess of a number divisable by 3/16/94
three be assigned to Class 3 or
Class 2
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page i
3
CONTENTS
--------
SECTION 1. OFFICES......................................................... 1
SECTION 2. SHAREHOLDERS.................................................... 1
2.1 Annual Meeting............................................... 1
2.2 Special Meetings............................................. 1
2.3 Meetings by Communication Equipment.......................... 2
2.4 Date, Time and Place of Meeting.............................. 2
2.5 Notice of Meeting............................................ 2
2.6 Business for Shareholders' Meetings.......................... 3
2.6.1 Business at Annual Meetings........................... 3
2.6.2 Business at Special Meetings.......................... 3
2.6.3 Notice to Corporation................................. 4
2.7 Waiver of Notice............................................. 4
2.8 Fixing of Record Date for Determining Shareholders........... 4
2.9 Voting Record................................................ 5
2.10 Quorum....................................................... 5
2.11 Manner of Acting............................................. 5
2.12 Proxies...................................................... 6
2.13 Voting of Shares............................................. 6
2.14 Voting for Directors......................................... 6
2.15 Action by Shareholders Without a Meeting..................... 6
SECTION 3. BOARD OF DIRECTORS.............................................. 7
3.1 General Powers............................................... 7
3.2 Number and Tenure............................................ 7
3.3 Nomination and Election...................................... 7
3.3.1 Nomination............................................ 7
3.3.2 Election.............................................. 9
3.4 Annual and Regular Meetings.................................. 9
3.5 Special Meetings............................................. 9
3.6 Meetings by Communications Equipment......................... 9
3.7 Notice of Special Meetings................................... 9
3.7.1 Personal Delivery..................................... 9
3.7.2 Delivery by Mail...................................... 10
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page ii
4
3.7.3 Delivery by Private Carrier........................... 10
3.7.4 Facsimile Notice...................................... 10
3.7.5 Delivery by Telegraph................................. 10
3.7.6 Oral Notice........................................... 10
3.8 Waiver of Notice............................................. 10
3.8.1 In Writing............................................ 10
3.8.2 By Attendance......................................... 11
3.9 Quorum....................................................... 11
3.10 Manner of Acting............................................. 11
3.11 Presumption of Assent........................................ 11
3.12 Action by Board or Committees Without a Meeting.............. 11
3.13 Resignation.................................................. 12
3.14 Removal...................................................... 12
3.15 Vacancies.................................................... 13
3.16 Executive and Other Committees............................... 13
3.16.1 Creation of Committees............................... 13
3.16.2 Authority of Committees.............................. 13
3.16.3 Audit Committee....................................... 14
3.16.4 Quorum and Manner of Acting.......................... 14
3.16.5 Minutes of Meetings.................................. 14
3.16.6 Resignation.......................................... 14
3.16.7 Removal.............................................. 15
3.17 Compensation................................................. 15
SECTION 4. OFFICERS........................................................ 15
4.1 Appointment and Term......................................... 15
4.2 Resignation.................................................. 15
4.3 Removal...................................................... 16
4.4 Contract Rights of Officers.................................. 16
4.5 Chairman of the Board........................................ 16
4.6 President.................................................... 16
4.7 Vice President............................................... 16
4.8 Secretary.................................................... 17
4.9 Treasurer.................................................... 17
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page iii
5
4.10 Salaries..................................................... 17
SECTION 5. CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS........................... 17
5.1 Contracts.................................................... 17
5.2 Loans to the Corporation..................................... 18
5.3 Checks, Drafts, Etc. ........................................ 18
5.4 Deposits..................................................... 18
SECTION 6. CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES AND THEIR TRANSFER...................... 18
6.1 Issuance of Shares........................................... 18
6.2 Certificates for Shares...................................... 18
6.3 Stock Records................................................ 18
6.4 Restriction on Transfer...................................... 19
6.5 Transfer of Shares........................................... 19
6.6 Lost or Destroyed Certificates............................... 20
SECTION 7. BOOKS AND RECORDS............................................... 20
SECTION 8. ACCOUNTING YEAR................................................. 21
SECTION 9. SEAL............................................................ 21
SECTION 10. INDEMNIFICATION................................................ 21
10.1 Right to Indemnification..................................... 21
10.2 Restrictions on Indemnification.............................. 22
10.3 Advancement of Expenses...................................... 22
10.4 Right of Indemnitee to Bring Suit............................ 22
10.5 Procedures Exclusive......................................... 23
10.6 Nonexclusivity of Rights..................................... 23
10.7 Insurance, Contracts and Funding............................. 23
10.8 Indemnification of Employees and Agents of the Corporation... 23
10.9 Persons Serving Other Entities............................... 24
SECTION 11. AMENDMENTS..................................................... 24
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page iv
6
RESTATED
BYLAWS
OF
WALL DATA INCORPORATED
SECTION 1. OFFICES
The principal office of the corporation shall be located at the
principal place of business or such other place as the Board of Directors
("Board") may designate. The corporation may have such other offices, either
within or without the State of Washington, as the Board may designate or as the
business of the corporation may require from time to time.
SECTION 2. SHAREHOLDERS
2.1 ANNUAL MEETING
The annual meeting of the shareholders shall be held the first Tuesday
of May in each year at 10:00 a.m. for the purpose of electing Directors and
transacting such other business as may properly come before the meeting. If the
day fixed for the annual meeting is a legal holiday at the place of the meeting,
the meeting shall be held on the next succeeding business day. If the annual
meeting is not held on the date designated therefor, the Board shall cause the
meeting to be held as soon thereafter as may be convenient.
2.2 SPECIAL MEETINGS
The Chairman of the Board, the President or the Board may call special
meetings of the shareholders for any purpose. Further, a special meeting of the
shareholders shall be held if the holders of not less than 25% of all the votes
entitled to be cast on any issue proposed to be considered at such special
meeting have dated, signed and delivered to the Secretary one or more written
demands for such meeting, describing the purpose or purposes for which it is to
be held; provided, however, that upon qualification of the corporation as a
"public company" under Title 23B RCW the percentage of votes required to call a
special meeting shall be 30%.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 1
7
2.3 MEETINGS BY COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT
Shareholders may participate in any meeting of the shareholders by any
means of communication by which all persons participating in the meeting can
hear each other during the meeting. Participation by such means shall constitute
presence in person at a meeting.
2.4 DATE, TIME AND PLACE OF MEETING
Except as otherwise provided herein, all meetings of shareholders,
including those held pursuant to demand by shareholders as provided herein,
shall be held on such date and at such time and place, within or without the
State of Washington, designated by or at the direction of the Board.
2.5 NOTICE OF MEETING
Written notice stating the place, day and hour of the meeting and, in
the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is
called shall be given by or at the direction of the Board, the Chairman of the
Board, the President or the Secretary to each shareholder entitled to notice of
or to vote at the meeting not less than 30 nor more than 60 days before the
meeting, except that notice of a meeting to act on an amendment to the Articles
of Incorporation, a plan of merger or share exchange, the sale, lease, exchange
or other disposition of all or substantially all of the corporation's assets
other than in the regular course of business or the dissolution of the
corporation shall be given not less than 30 nor more than 60 days before such
meeting. Such notice may be transmitted by mail, private carrier, personal
delivery, telegraph, teletype or communications equipment which transmits a
facsimile of the notice to like equipment which receives and reproduces such
notice. If these forms of written notice are impractical in the view of the
Board, the Chairman of the Board, the President or the Secretary, written notice
may be transmitted by an advertisement in a newspaper of general circulation in
the area of the corporation's principal office. If such notice is mailed, it
shall be deemed effective when deposited in the official government mail,
first-class postage prepaid, properly addressed to the shareholder at such
shareholder's address as it appears in the corporation's current record of
shareholders. Notice given in any other manner shall be deemed effective when
dispatched to the shareholder's address, telephone number or other number
appearing on the records of the corporation. Any notice given by publication as
herein provided shall be deemed effective five days after first publication.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 2
8
2.6 BUSINESS FOR SHAREHOLDERS' MEETINGS
2.6.1 BUSINESS AT ANNUAL MEETINGS
In addition to the election of directors, other proper business may be
transacted at an annual meeting of shareholders, provided that such business is
properly brought before such meeting. To be properly brought before an annual
meeting, business must be (a) brought by or at the direction of the Board or (b)
brought before the meeting by a shareholder pursuant to written notice thereof,
in accordance with subsection 2.6.3 hereof, and received by the Secretary not
fewer than sixty nor more than ninety days prior to the date specified in
subsection 2.1 hereof for such annual meeting (or if less than sixty days'
notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the annual meeting is given or
made to the shareholders, not later than the tenth day following the day on
which the notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed or such public
disclosure was made). Any such shareholder notice shall set forth (i) the name
and address of the shareholder proposing such business; (ii) a representation
that the shareholder is entitled to vote at such meeting and a statement of the
number of shares of the corporation which are beneficially owned by the
shareholder; (iii) a representation that the shareholder intends to appear in
person or by proxy at the meeting to propose such business; and (iv) as to each
matter the shareholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description
of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for
conducting such business at the meeting, the language of the proposal (if
appropriate), and any material interest of the shareholder in such business. No
business shall be conducted at any annual meeting of shareholders except in
accordance with this subsection 2.6.1. If the facts warrant, the Board, or the
chairman of an annual meeting of shareholders, may determine and declare (a)
that a proposal does not constitute proper business to be transacted at the
meeting or (b) that business was not properly brought before the meeting in
accordance with the provisions of this subsection 2.6.1 and, if, in either case,
it is so determined, any such business shall not be transacted. The procedures
set forth in this subsection 2.6.1 for business to be properly brought before an
annual meeting by a shareholder are in addition to, and not in lieu of, the
requirements set forth in Rule 14a-8 under Section 14 of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor provision.
2.6.2 BUSINESS AT SPECIAL MEETINGS
At any special meeting of the shareholders, only such business as is
specified in the notice of such special meeting given by or at the direction of
the person or persons calling
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 3
9
such meeting, in accordance with subsection 2.5 hereof, shall come before such
meeting.
2.6.3 NOTICE TO CORPORATION
Any written notice required to be delivered by a shareholder to the
corporation pursuant to subsection 2.5, subsection 2.6.1 or subsection 2.6.2
hereof must be given, either by personal delivery or by registered or certified
mail, postage prepaid, to the Secretary at the corporation's executive offices
in the City of Redmond, State of Washington.
2.7 WAIVER OF NOTICE
Whenever any notice is required to be given to any shareholder under the
provisions of these Bylaws, the Articles of Incorporation or the Washington
Business Corporation Act, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or
persons entitled to such notice and delivered to the corporation, whether before
or after the date and time of the meeting, shall be deemed equivalent to the
giving of such notice. Further, notice of the time, place and purpose of any
meeting will be deemed to be waived by any shareholder by attendance thereat in
person or by proxy, unless such shareholder at the beginning of the meeting
objects to holding the meeting or transacting business at the meeting.
2.8 FIXING OF RECORD DATE FOR DETERMINING SHAREHOLDERS
For the purpose of determining shareholders entitled (a) to notice of or
to vote at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, (b) to demand
a special meeting, or (c) to receive payment of any dividend, or in order to
make a determination of shareholders for any other purpose, the Board may fix a
future date as the record date for any such determination. Such record date
shall be not more than 70 days, and in case of a meeting of shareholders not
less than 10 days prior to the date on which the particular action requiring
such determination is to be taken.
2.9 VOTING RECORD
At least ten days before each meeting of shareholders, an alphabetical
list of the shareholders entitled to notice of such meeting shall be made,
arranged by voting group and by each class or series of shares therein, with the
address of and number of shares held by each shareholder. This record shall be
kept at the principal office of the corporation for ten days prior to such
meeting, and shall be kept open at such
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 4
10
meeting, for the inspection of any shareholder or any shareholder's agent.
2.10 QUORUM
A majority of the votes entitled to be cast on a matter by the holders
of shares that, pursuant to the Articles of Incorporation or the Washington
Business Corporation Act, are entitled to vote and be counted collectively upon
such matter, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum of
such shares at a meeting of shareholders. If less than a majority of such votes
are represented at a meeting, a majority of the votes so represented may adjourn
the meeting from time to time without further notice if the new date, time or
place is announced at the meeting before adjournment. Any business may be
transacted at a reconvened meeting that might have been transacted at the
meeting as originally called, provided a quorum is present or represented
thereat. Once a share is represented for any purpose at a meeting other than
solely to object to holding the meeting or transacting business thereat, it is
deemed present for quorum purposes for the remainder of the meeting and any
adjournment thereof (unless a new record date is or must be set for the
adjourned meeting) notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough shareholders to
leave less than a quorum.
2.11 MANNER OF ACTING
If a quorum is present, action on a matter other than the election of
Directors shall be approved if the votes cast in favor of the action by the
shares entitled to vote and be counted collectively upon such matter exceed the
votes cast against such action by the shares entitled to vote and be counted
collectively thereon, unless the Articles of Incorporation or the Washington
Business Corporation Act requires a greater number of affirmative votes.
2.12 PROXIES
A shareholder may vote by proxy executed in writing by the shareholder
or by his or her attorney-in-fact or agent. Such proxy shall be effective when
received by the Secretary or other officer or agent authorized to tabulate
votes. A proxy shall become invalid 11 months after the date of its execution,
unless otherwise provided in the proxy. A proxy with respect to a specified
meeting shall entitle the holder thereof to vote at any reconvened meeting
following adjournment of such meeting but shall not be valid after the final
adjournment thereof.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 5
11
2.13 VOTING OF SHARES
Except as provided in the Articles of Incorporation or in Section 2.14
hereof, each outstanding share entitled to vote with respect to a matter
submitted to a meeting of shareholders shall be entitled to one vote upon such
matter.
2.14 VOTING FOR DIRECTORS
Each shareholder entitled to vote at an election of Directors may vote,
in person or by proxy, the number of shares owned by such shareholder for as
many persons as there are Directors to be elected and for whose election such
shareholder has a right to vote. Unless otherwise provided in the Articles of
Incorporation or in Section 3.14 hereof, the candidates elected shall be those
receiving the largest number of votes cast, up to the number of Directors to be
elected.
2.15 ACTION BY SHAREHOLDERS WITHOUT A MEETING
Any action which could be taken at a meeting of the shareholders may be
taken without a meeting if one or more written consents setting forth the action
so taken are signed by all shareholders entitled to vote on the action and are
delivered to the corporation. If not otherwise fixed by the Board, the record
date for determining shareholders entitled to take action without a meeting is
the date the first shareholder signs the consent. A shareholder may withdraw a
consent only by delivering a written notice of withdrawal to the corporation
prior to the time that all consents are in the possession of the corporation.
Action taken by written consent of shareholders without a meeting is effective
when all consents are in the possession of the corporation, unless the consent
specifies a later effective date. Any such consent shall be inserted in the
minute book as if it were the minutes of a meeting of the shareholders.
SECTION 3. BOARD OF DIRECTORS
3.1 GENERAL POWERS
All corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the authority of,
and the business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed under the
direction of, the Board, except as may be otherwise provided in these Bylaws,
the Articles of Incorporation or the Washington Business Corporation Act.
3.2 NUMBER AND TENURE
The Board shall be composed of not less than three nor more than nine
Directors, the specific number to be set by
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 6
12
resolution of the Board. The number of Directors may be changed from time to
time by amendment to these Bylaws, but no decrease in the number of Directors
shall have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent Director.
Directors need not be shareholders of the corporation or residents of the State
of Washington and need not meet any other qualifications.
The Board of Directors shall be divided into three classes, with said
classes to be as equal in number as may be possible. At the first election of
Directors to such classified Board of Directors, each Class 1 Director shall be
elected to serve until the next ensuing annual meeting of shareholders, each
Class 2 Director shall be elected to serve until the second ensuing annual
meeting of shareholders and each Class 3 Director shall be elected to serve
until the third ensuing annual meeting of shareholders. At each annual meeting
of shareholders following the meeting at which the Board of Directors is
initially classified, the number of Directors equal to the number of Directors
in the class whose term expires at the time of such meeting shall be elected to
serve until the third ensuing annual meeting of shareholders. Notwithstanding
any of the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.2, Directors shall serve until
their successors are elected and qualified or until their earlier death,
resignation or removal from office or until there is a decrease in the number of
Directors.
3.3 NOMINATION AND ELECTION.
3.3.1 NOMINATION
Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following
procedures shall be eligible for election as Directors. Nominations for the
election of Directors may be made (a) by or at the direction of the Board or (b)
by any shareholder of record entitled to vote for the election of Directors at
such meeting; provided, however, that a shareholder may nominate persons for
election as Directors only if written notice (in accordance with subsection
2.6.3 hereof) of such shareholder's intention to make such nominations is
received by the Secretary not later than (i) with respect to an election to be
held at an annual meeting of the shareholders, not fewer than sixty nor more
than ninety days prior to the date specified in subsection 2.1 hereof for such
annual meeting (or if less than sixty days' notice or prior public disclosure of
the date of the annual meeting is given or made to the shareholders, not later
than the tenth day following the day on which such notice of the date of the
annual meeting was mailed or such public disclosure was made) and (ii) with
respect to an election to
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 7
13
be held at a special meeting of the shareholders for the election of Directors,
the close of business on the seventh business day following the date on which
notice of such meeting is first given to shareholders. Any such shareholder's
notice shall set forth (a) the name and address of the shareholder who intends
to make a nomination; (b) a representation that the shareholder is entitled to
vote at such meeting and a statement of the number of shares of the corporation
which are beneficially owned by the shareholder; (c) a representation that the
shareholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate
the person or persons specified in the notice; (d) as to each person the
shareholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a Director, the
name and address of such person and such other information regarding such
nominee as would be required in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the proxy
rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission had such nominee been nominated
by the Board, and a description of any arrangements or understandings, between
the shareholder and such nominee and any other persons (including their names),
pursuant to which the nomination is to be made; and (e) the consent of each such
nominee to serve as a Director if elected. If the facts warrant, the Board, or
the chairman of a shareholders' meeting at which Directors are to be elected,
shall determine and declare that a nomination was not made in accordance with
the foregoing procedure and, if it is so determined, the defective nomination
shall be disregarded. The right of shareholders to make nominations pursuant to
the foregoing procedure is subject to the rights of the holders of any class or
series of stock having a preference over the Common Stock as to dividends or
upon liquidation. The procedures set forth in this subsection 3.3 for nomination
for the election of Directors by shareholders are in addition to, and not in
limitation of, any procedures now in effect or hereafter adopted by or at the
direction of the Board or any committee thereof.
3.3.2 ELECTION
At each election of Directors, the persons receiving the greatest number
of votes shall be the Directors.
3.4 ANNUAL AND REGULAR MEETINGS
An annual Board meeting shall be held without notice immediately after
and at the same place as the annual meeting of shareholders. By resolution the
Board, or any committee thereof, may specify the time and place either within or
without the State of Washington for holding regular meetings thereof without
notice other than such resolution.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 8
14
3.5 SPECIAL MEETINGS
Special meetings of the Board or any committee designated by the Board
may be called by or at the request of the Chairman of the Board, the President,
the Secretary or, in the case of special Board meetings, any two Directors and,
in the case of any special meeting of any committee designated by the Board, by
the Chairman thereof. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings
may fix any place either within or without the State of Washington as the place
for holding any special Board or committee meeting called by them.
3.6 MEETINGS BY COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT
Members of the Board or any committee designated by the Board may
participate in a meeting of such Board or committee by, or conduct the meeting
through the use of, any means of communication by which all Directors
participating in the meeting can hear each other during the meeting.
Participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.
3.7 NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETINGS
Notice of a special Board or committee meeting stating the place, day
and hour of the meeting shall be given to a Director in writing or orally.
Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any special
meeting need be specified in the notice of such meeting.
3.7.1 PERSONAL DELIVERY
If notice is given by personal delivery, the notice shall be effective
if delivered to a Director at least two days before the meeting.
3.7.2 DELIVERY BY MAIL
If notice is delivered by mail, the notice shall be deemed effective if
deposited in the official government mail at least five days before the meeting,
properly addressed to a Director at his or her address shown on the records of
the corporation, with postage thereon prepaid.
3.7.3 DELIVERY BY PRIVATE CARRIER
If notice is given by private carrier, the notice shall be deemed
effective when dispatched to a Director at his or her address shown on the
records of the corporation at least three days before the meeting.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 9
15
3.7.4 FACSIMILE NOTICE
If notice is delivered by wire or wireless equipment which transmits a
facsimile of the notice, the notice shall be deemed effective when dispatched at
least two days before the meeting to a Director at his or her telephone number
or other number appearing on the records of the corporation.
3.7.5 DELIVERY BY TELEGRAPH
If notice is delivered by telegraph, the notice shall be deemed
effective if the content thereof is delivered to the telegraph company for
delivery to a Director at his or her address shown on the records of the
corporation at least three days before the meeting.
3.7.6 ORAL NOTICE
If notice is delivered orally, by telephone or in person, the notice
shall be deemed effective if personally given to the Director at least two days
before the meeting.
3.8 WAIVER OF NOTICE
3.8.1 IN WRITING
Whenever any notice is required to be given to any Director under the
provisions of these Bylaws, the Articles of Incorporation or the Washington
Business Corporation Act, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or
persons entitled to such notice and delivered to the corporation, whether before
or after the date and time of the meeting, shall be deemed equivalent to the
giving of such notice. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose
of, any regular or special meeting of the Board or any committee designated by
the Board need be specified in the waiver of notice of such meeting.
3.8.2 BY ATTENDANCE
A Director's attendance at or participation in a Board or committee
meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, unless the Director
at the beginning of the meeting, or promptly upon his or her arrival, objects to
holding the meeting or transacting business thereat and does not thereafter vote
for or assent to action taken at the meeting.
3.9 QUORUM
A majority of the number of Directors fixed by or in the manner provided
in these Bylaws shall constitute a quorum for
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 10
16
the transaction of business at any Board meeting but, if less than a majority
are present at a meeting, a majority of the Directors present may adjourn the
meeting from time to time without further notice.
3.10 MANNER OF ACTING
If a quorum is present when the vote is taken, the act of the majority
of the Directors present at a Board meeting shall be the act of the Board,
unless the vote of a greater number is required by these Bylaws, the Articles of
Incorporation or the Washington Business Corporation Act.
3.11 PRESUMPTION OF ASSENT
A Director of the corporation who is present at a Board or committee
meeting at which any action is taken shall be deemed to have assented to the
action taken unless (a) the Director objects at the beginning of the meeting, or
promptly upon the Director's arrival, to holding the meeting or transacting any
business thereat, (b) the Director's dissent or abstention from the action taken
is entered in the minutes of the meeting, or (c) the Director delivers written
notice of the Director's dissent or abstention to the presiding officer of the
meeting before its adjournment or to the corporation within a reasonable time
after adjournment of the meeting. The right of dissent or abstention is not
available to a Director who votes in favor of the action taken.
3.12 ACTION BY BOARD OR COMMITTEES WITHOUT A MEETING
Any action which could be taken at a meeting of the Board or of any
committee created by the Board may be taken without a meeting if one or more
written consents setting forth the action so taken are signed by each of the
Directors or by each committee member either before or after the action is taken
and delivered to the corporation. Action taken by written consent of Directors
without a meeting is effective when the last Director signs the consent, unless
the consent specifies a later effective date. Any such written consent shall be
inserted in the minute book as if it were the minutes of a Board or a committee
meeting.
3.13 RESIGNATION
Any Director may resign at any time by delivering written notice to the
Chairman of the Board, the President, the Secretary or the Board. Any such
resignation is effective upon delivery thereof unless the notice of resignation
specifies a later effective date and, unless otherwise
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 11
17
specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to
make it effective.
3.14 REMOVAL
Any Director or the entire Board may be removed for cause by the holders
of not less than two-thirds of the shares entitled to elect the Director or
Directors whose removal is sought. Such action may only be taken at a special
meeting of the shareholders called expressly for that purpose, providing that
notice of the proposed removal, which shall include a statement of the charges
alleged against the Director, shall have been duly given to the shareholders
together with or as a part of the notice of the meeting.
Where a question of the removal of a Director for cause is to be
presented for shareholder consideration, an opportunity must be provided to such
Director to present his or her defense to the shareholders by a statement which
must accompany or precede the notice of the special meeting of shareholders or,
if provided to shareholders prior to the notice of the special meeting, the
initial solicitation of proxies seeking authority to vote for the removal of
such Director for cause. If not provided, then such proxies may not be voted for
removal. The Director involved shall be served with notice of the meeting at
which such action is proposed to be taken together with a statement of the
specific charges and shall be given an opportunity to be present and to be heard
at the meeting at which his or her removal is considered.
The vacancy created by the removal of a Director under this Section 3.14
shall be filled only by a vote of the holders of two-thirds of the shares then
entitled to elect the Director removed. Such vote may be taken at the same
meeting at which the removal of such Director was accomplished, or at such later
meeting, regular or special, as the shareholders may decide.
3.15 VACANCIES
Subject to the provisions of Section 3.14 hereof and unless the Articles
of Incorporation provide otherwise, any vacancy occurring on the Board may be
filled by the shareholders, the Board or, if the Directors in office constitute
fewer than a quorum, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining
Directors. Any vacant office held by a Director elected by the holders of one or
more classes or series of shares entitled to vote and be counted collectively
thereon shall be filled only by the vote of the holders of such class or series
of shares. A Director elected to fill a
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 12
18
vacancy shall serve only until the next election of Directors by the
shareholders.
3.16 EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMITTEES
3.16.1 CREATION OF COMMITTEES
The Board, by resolution adopted by the greater of a majority of the
Directors then in office and the number of Directors required to take action in
accordance with these Bylaws, may create standing or temporary committees,
including an Executive Committee, and appoint members thereto from its own
number and invest such committees with such powers as it may see fit, subject to
such conditions as may be prescribed by the Board, these Bylaws and applicable
law. Each committee must have two or more members, who shall serve at the
pleasure of the Board.
3.16.2 AUTHORITY OF COMMITTEES
Each committee shall have and may exercise all of the authority of the
Board to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board creating the
committee and any subsequent resolutions pertaining thereto and adopted in like
manner, except that no such committee shall have the authority to: (1) authorize
or approve a distribution except according to a general formula or method
prescribed by the Board, (2) approve or propose to shareholders actions or
proposals required by the Washington Business Corporation Act to be approved by
shareholders, (3) fill vacancies on the Board or any committee thereof, (4)
adopt, amend or repeal Bylaws, (5) amend the Articles of Incorporation pursuant
to RCW 23B.10.020, (6) approve a plan of merger not requiring shareholder
approval, or (7) authorize or approve the issuance or sale or contract for sale
of shares, or determine the designation and relative rights, preferences and
limitations of a class or series of shares except that the Board may authorize a
committee or a senior executive officer of the corporation to do so within
limits specifically prescribed by the Board.
3.16.3 AUDIT COMMITTEE
In addition to any committees appointed pursuant to this Section 3.16,
there shall be an Audit Committee, appointed annually by the Board, consisting
of at least two Directors who are not members of management. It shall be the
responsibility of the Audit Committee to review the scope and results of the
annual independent audit of books and records of the corporation, to review
compliance with all corporate policies which have been approved by the Board and
to
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 13
19
discharge such other responsibilities as may from time to time be assigned to it
by the Board. The Audit Committee shall meet at such times and places as the
members deem advisable, and shall make such recommendations to the Board as they
consider appropriate.
3.16.4 QUORUM AND MANNER OF ACTING
A majority of the number of Directors composing any committee of the
Board, as established and fixed by resolution of the Board, shall constitute a
quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of such committee but, if
less than a majority are present at a meeting, a majority of such Directors
present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice. Except
as may be otherwise provided in the Washington Business Corporation Act, if a
quorum is present when the vote is taken the act of a majority of the members
present shall be the act of the committee.
3.16.5 MINUTES OF MEETINGS
All committees shall keep regular minutes of their meetings and shall
cause them to be recorded in books kept for that purpose.
3.16.6 RESIGNATION
Any member of any committee may resign at any time by delivering written
notice thereof to the Chairman of the Board, the President, the Secretary or the
Board. Any such resignation is effective upon delivery thereof, unless the
notice of resignation specifies a later effective date, and the acceptance of
such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
3.16.7 REMOVAL
The Board may remove any member of any committee elected or appointed by
it but only by the affirmative vote of the greater of a majority of the
Directors then in office and the number of Directors required to take action in
accordance with these Bylaws.
3.17 COMPENSATION
By Board resolution, Directors and committee members may be paid their
expenses, if any, of attendance at each Board or committee meeting, or a fixed
sum for attendance at each Board or committee meeting, or a stated salary as
Director or a committee member, or a combination of the foregoing. No such
payment shall preclude any Director or committee member from
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 14
20
serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation
therefor.
SECTION 4. OFFICERS
4.1 APPOINTMENT AND TERM
The officers of the corporation shall be those officers appointed from
time to time by the Board or by any other officer empowered to do so. The Board
shall have sole power and authority to appoint executive officers. As used
herein, the term "executive officer" shall mean the President, any Vice
President in charge of a principal business unit, division or function or any
other officer who performs a policy-making function. The Board or the President
may appoint such other officers and assistant officers to hold office for such
period, have such authority and perform such duties as may be prescribed. The
Board may delegate to any other officer the power to appoint any subordinate
officers and to prescribe their respective terms of office, authority and
duties. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person. Unless an
officer dies, resigns or is removed from office, he or she shall hold office
until his or her successor is appointed.
4.2 RESIGNATION
Any officer may resign at any time by delivering written notice thereof
to the corporation. Any such resignation is effective upon delivery thereof,
unless the notice of resignation specifies a later effective date, and, unless
otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be
necessary to make it effective.
4.3 REMOVAL
Any officer may be removed by the Board at any time, with or without
cause. An officer or assistant officer, if appointed by another officer, may be
removed by any officer authorized to appoint officers or assistant officers.
4.4 CONTRACT RIGHTS OF OFFICERS
The appointment of an officer does not itself create contract rights.
4.5 CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD
If appointed, the Chairman of the Board shall perform such duties as
shall be assigned to him or her by the Board from time to time and shall preside
over meetings of the Board
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 15
21
and shareholders unless another officer is appointed or designated by the Board
as Chairman of such meetings.
4.6 PRESIDENT
If appointed, the President shall be the chief executive officer of the
corporation unless some other officer is so designated by the Board, shall
preside over meetings of the Board and shareholders in the absence of a Chairman
of the Board, and, subject to the Board's control, shall supervise and control
all of the assets, business and affairs of the corporation. In general, the
President shall perform all duties incident to the office of President and such
other duties as are prescribed by the Board from time to time. If no Secretary
has been appointed, the President shall have responsibility for the preparation
of minutes of meetings of the Board and shareholders and for authentication of
the records of the corporation.
4.7 VICE PRESIDENT
In the event of the death of the President or his or her inability to
act, the Vice President (or if there is more than one Vice President, the Vice
President who was designated by the Board as the successor to the President, or
if no Vice President is so designated, the Vice President first elected to such
office) shall perform the duties of the President, except as may be limited by
resolution of the Board, with all the powers of and subject to all the
restrictions upon the President. Vice Presidents shall perform such other duties
as from time to time may be assigned to them by the President or by or at the
direction of the Board.
4.8 SECRETARY
If appointed, the Secretary shall be responsible for preparation of
minutes of the meetings of the Board and shareholders, maintenance of the
corporation records and stock registers, and authentication of the corporation's
records and shall in general perform all duties incident to the office of
Secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or
her by the President or by or at the direction of the Board. In the absence of
the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary may perform the duties of the Secretary.
4.9 TREASURER
If appointed, the Treasurer shall have charge and custody of and be
responsible for all funds and securities of the corporation, receive and give
receipts for moneys due and payable to the corporation from any source
whatsoever, and
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 16
22
deposit all such moneys in the name of the corporation in banks, trust companies
or other depositories selected in accordance with the provisions of these
Bylaws, and in general perform all of the duties incident to the office of
Treasurer and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or
her by the President or by or at the direction of the Board. In the absence of
the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer may perform the duties of the Treasurer.
If required by the Board, the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer shall give a
bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties in such amount and with
such surety or sureties as the Board shall determine.
4.10 SALARIES
The salaries of the officers shall be fixed from time to time by the
Board or by any person or persons to whom the Board has delegated such
authority. No officer shall be prevented from receiving such salary by reason of
the fact that he or she is also a Director of the corporation.
SECTION 5. CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS
5.1 CONTRACTS
The Board may authorize any officer or officers, or agent or agents, to
enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and
on behalf of the corporation. Such authority may be general or confined to
specific instances.
5.2 LOANS TO THE CORPORATION
No loans shall be contracted on behalf of the corporation and no
evidences of indebtedness shall be issued in its name unless authorized by a
resolution of the Board. Such authority may be general or confined to specific
instances.
5.3 CHECKS, DRAFTS, ETC.
All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or
other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the corporation shall be
signed by such officer or officers, or agent or agents, of the corporation and
in such manner as is from time to time determined by resolution of the Board.
5.4 DEPOSITS
All funds of the corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited
from time to time to the credit of the
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 17
23
corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the Board
may select.
SECTION 6. CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES AND THEIR TRANSFER
6.1 ISSUANCE OF SHARES
No shares of the corporation shall be issued unless authorized by the
Board, or by a committee designated by the Board to the extent such committee is
empowered to do so.
6.2 CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES
Certificates representing shares of the corporation shall be signed,
either manually or in facsimile, by the President or any Vice President and by
the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or any Assistant
Secretary and shall include on their face written notice of any restrictions
which may be imposed on the transferability of such shares. All certificates
shall be consecutively numbered or otherwise identified.
6.3 STOCK RECORDS
The stock transfer books shall be kept at the principal office of the
corporation or at the office of the corporation's transfer agent or registrar.
The name and address of each person to whom certificates for shares are issued,
together with the class and number of shares represented by each such
certificate and the date of issue thereof, shall be entered on the stock
transfer books of the corporation. The person in whose name shares stand on the
books of the corporation shall be deemed by the corporation to be the owner
thereof for all purposes.
6.4 RESTRICTION ON TRANSFER
Except to the extent that the corporation has obtained an opinion of
counsel acceptable to the corporation that transfer restrictions are not
required under applicable securities laws, or has otherwise satisfied itself
that such transfer restrictions are not required, all certificates representing
shares of the corporation shall bear a legend on the face of the certificate, or
on the reverse of the certificate if a reference to the legend is contained on
the face, which reads substantially as follows:
"The securities evidenced by this certificate have not been
registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any
applicable
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 18
24
state law, and no interest therein may be sold, distributed,
assigned, offered, pledged or otherwise transferred unless (a)
there is an effective registration statement under such Act and
applicable state securities laws covering any such transaction
involving said securities or (b) this corporation receives an
opinion of legal counsel for the holder of these securities
(concurred in by legal counsel for this corporation) stating that
such transaction is exempt from registration or this corporation
otherwise satisfies itself that such transaction is exempt from
registration. Neither the offering of the securities nor any
offering materials have been reviewed by any administrator under
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any applicable state
law."
6.5 TRANSFER OF SHARES
The transfer of shares of the corporation shall be made only on the
stock transfer books of the corporation pursuant to authorization or document of
transfer made by the holder of record thereof or by his or her legal
representative, who shall furnish proper evidence of authority to transfer, or
by his or her attorney-in-fact authorized by power of attorney duly executed and
filed with the Secretary of the corporation. All certificates surrendered to the
corporation for transfer shall be cancelled and no new certificate shall be
issued until the former certificates for a like number of shares shall have been
surrendered and cancelled.
6.6 LOST OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES
In the case of a lost, destroyed or mutilated certificate, a new
certificate may be issued therefor upon such terms and indemnity to the
corporation as the Board may prescribe.
SECTION 7. BOOKS AND RECORDS
The corporation shall:
(a) Keep as permanent records minutes of all meetings of its
shareholders and the Board, a record of all actions taken by the shareholders or
the Board without a meeting, and a record of all actions taken by a committee of
the Board exercising the authority of the Board on behalf of the corporation.
(b) Maintain appropriate accounting records.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 19
25
(c) Maintain a record of its shareholders, in a form that permits
preparation of a list of the names and addresses of all shareholders, in
alphabetical order by class of shares showing the number and class of shares
held by each; provided, however, such record may be maintained by an agent of
the corporation.
(d) Maintain its records in written form or in another form capable of
conversion into written form within a reasonable time.
(e) Keep a copy of the following records at its principal office:
1. the Articles of Incorporation and all amendments thereto as
currently in effect;
2. the Bylaws and all amendments thereto as currently in effect;
3. the minutes of all meetings of shareholders and records of all
action taken by shareholders without a meeting, for the past three years;
4. the financial statements described in Section 23B.16.200(1) of
the Washington Business Corporation Act, for the past three years;
5. all written communications to shareholders generally within
the past three years;
6. a list of the names and business addresses of the current
Directors and officers; and
7. the most recent annual report delivered to the Washington
Secretary of State.
SECTION 8. ACCOUNTING YEAR
The accounting year of the corporation shall be the calendar year,
provided that if a different accounting year is at any time selected by the
Board for purposes of federal income taxes, or any other purpose, the accounting
year shall be the year so selected.
SECTION 9. SEAL
The Board may provide for a corporate seal which shall consist of the
name of the corporation, the state of its incorporation and the year of its
incorporation.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 20
26
SECTION 10. INDEMNIFICATION
10.1 RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION
Each person who was, is or is threatened to be made a named party to or
is otherwise involved (including, without limitation, as a witness) in any
threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil,
criminal, administrative or investigative and whether formal or informal
(hereinafter a "proceeding"), by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a
Director or officer of the corporation or, that being or having been such a
Director or officer or an employee of the corporation, he or she is or was
serving at the request of the corporation as a Director, officer, partner,
trustee, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint
venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise (hereinafter an
"indemnitee"), whether the basis of a proceeding is alleged action in an
official capacity as such a Director, officer, partner, trustee, employee or
agent or in any other capacity while serving as such a Director, officer,
partner, trustee, employee or agent, shall be indemnified and held harmless by
the corporation against all expense, liability and loss (including counsel fees,
judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts to be paid in
settlement) actually and reasonably incurred or suffered by such indemnitee in
connection therewith, and such indemnification shall continue as to an
indemnitee who has ceased to be a Director, officer, partner, trustee, employee
or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the indemnitee's heirs, executors and
administrators. Except as provided in subsection 10.2 of this Section with
respect to proceedings seeking to enforce rights to indemnification, the
corporation shall indemnify any such indemnitee in connection with a proceeding
(or part thereof) initiated by such indemnitee only if a proceeding (or part
thereof) was authorized or ratified by the Board. The right to indemnification
conferred in this Section shall be a contract right.
10.2 RESTRICTIONS ON INDEMNIFICATION
No indemnification shall be provided to any such indemnitee for acts or
omissions of the indemnitee finally adjudged to be intentional misconduct or a
knowing violation of law, for conduct of the indemnitee finally adjudged to be
in violation of Section 23B.08.310 of the Washington Business Corporation Act,
for any transaction with respect to which it was finally adjudged that such
indemnitee personally received a benefit in money, property or services to which
the indemnitee was not legally entitled or if the corporation is otherwise
prohibited by applicable law from paying such
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 21
27
indemnification, except that if Section 23B.08.560 or any successor provision of
the Washington Business Corporation Act is hereafter amended, the restrictions
on indemnification set forth in this subsection 10.2 shall be as set forth in
such amended statutory provision.
10.3 ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES
The right to indemnification conferred in this Section shall include the
right to be paid by the corporation the expenses incurred in defending any
proceeding in advance of its final disposition (hereinafter an "advancement of
expenses"). An advancement of expenses shall be made upon delivery to the
corporation of an undertaking (hereinafter an "undertaking"), by or on behalf of
such indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be
determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to
appeal that such indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses
under this subsection 10.3.
10.4 RIGHT OF INDEMNITEE TO BRING SUIT
If a claim under subsection 10.1 or 10.3 of this Section is not paid in
full by the corporation within 60 days after a written claim has been received
by the corporation, except in the case of a claim for an advancement of
expenses, in which case the applicable period shall be 20 days, the indemnitee
may at any time thereafter bring suit against the corporation to recover the
unpaid amount of the claim. If successful in whole or in part, in any such suit
or in a suit brought by the corporation to recover an advancement of expenses
pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the indemnitee shall be entitled to be
paid also the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit. The indemnitee
shall be presumed to be entitled to indemnification under this Section upon
submission of a written claim (and, in an action brought to enforce a claim for
an advancement of expenses, where the required undertaking has been tendered to
the corporation) and thereafter the corporation shall have the burden of proof
to overcome the presumption that the indemnitee is so entitled.
10.5 PROCEDURES EXCLUSIVE
Pursuant to Section 23B.08.560(2) or any successor provision of the
Washington Business Corporation Act, the procedures for indemnification and
advancement of expenses set forth in this Section are in lieu of the procedures
required by Section 23B.08.550 or any successor provision of the Washington
Business Corporation Act.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 22
28
10.6 NONEXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS
The right to indemnification and the advancement of expenses conferred
in this Section shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may
have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Articles of
Incorporation or Bylaws of the corporation, general or specific action of the
Board, contract or otherwise.
10.7 INSURANCE, CONTRACTS AND FUNDING
The corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect
itself and any Director, officer, partner, trustee, employee or agent of the
corporation or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other
enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the
corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense,
liability or loss under the Washington Business Corporation Act. The corporation
may enter into contracts with any Director, officer, partner, trustee, employee
or agent of the corporation in furtherance of the provisions of this Section and
may create a trust fund, grant a security interest or use other means
(including, without limitation, a letter of credit) to ensure the payment of
such amounts as may be necessary to effect indemnification as provided in this
Section.
10.8 INDEMNIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS OF THE CORPORATION
The corporation may, by action of the Board, grant rights to
indemnification and advancement of expenses to employees and agents or any class
or group of employees and agents of the corporation (i) with the same scope and
effect as the provisions of this Section with respect to the indemnification and
advancement of expenses of Directors and officers of the corporation; (ii)
pursuant to rights granted pursuant to, or provided by, the Washington Business
Corporation Act; or (iii) as are otherwise consistent with law.
10.9 PERSONS SERVING OTHER ENTITIES
Any person who, while a Director, officer or employee of the
corporation, is or was serving as a Director or officer of another foreign or
domestic corporation of which a majority of the shares entitled to vote in the
election of its Directors is held by the corporation shall be deemed to be so
serving at the request of the corporation and entitled to indemnification and
advancement of expenses under subsections 10.1 and 10.3 of this Section.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 23
29
SECTION 11. AMENDMENTS
The Board of Directors shall have the power to adopt, amend or repeal
the Bylaws of this corporation subject to approval by a majority of the
Continuing Directors as defined in the Articles of Incorporation; provided,
however, the Board of Directors may not repeal or amend any bylaw that the
shareholders have expressly provided may not be amended or repealed by the Board
of Directors. The shareholders shall also have the power to adopt, amend or
repeal the Bylaws of this corporation by the affirmative vote of the holders of
not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares and, to the extent, if any,
provided by resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors providing for
the issue of a series of Common or Preferred Stock, not less than two-thirds of
the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon, voting as a class.
* * * * *
The foregoing Bylaws were adopted by the Board on January 7, 1993 and
are effective as of March 15, 1993, the effective date of the Articles of
Amendment approved by the shareholders on January 28, 1993.
Amended Section 3.2 and restated on March 16, 1994 by the Board.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BYLAWS Page 24