Exhibit 7(b)

                                                        Revised October 29, 1990

[LOGO]                         Merrill Lynch & Co.
               Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
                        Merrill Lynch World Headquarters
                                   North Tower
                             World Financial Center
                            New York, N.Y. 10281-1305

                            STANDARD DEALER AGREEMENT

Dear Sirs:

      In connection with public  offerings of securities  underwritten by us, or
by a group of underwriters  (the  "Underwriters")  represented by us, you may be
offered the opportunity to purchase a portion of such securities,  as principal,
at a discount  from the offering  price  representing  a selling  concession  or
reallowance granted as consideration for services rendered by you in the sale of
such  securities.  We  request  that  you  agree  to  the  following  terms  and
provisions,  and make the following  representations,  which,  together with any
additional  terms and  provisions set forth in any wire or letter sent to you in
connection  with a  particular  offering,  will  govern  all such  purchases  of
securities and the reoffering thereof by you.

      Your subscription to, or purchase of, such securities will constitute your
reaffirmation of this Agreement.

      1. When we are  acting as  representative  (the  "Representative")  of the
Underwriters  in offering  securities to you, it should be  understood  that all
offers are made subject to prior sale of the subject securities, when, as and if
such securities are delivered to and accepted by the Underwriters and subject to
the approval of legal matters by their  counsel.  In such cases,  any order from
you for securities will be strictly  subject to confirmation  and we reserve the
right in our  uncontrolled  discretion  to reject any order in whole or in part.
Upon release by us, you may reoffer such  securities at the offering price fixed
by us.  With  our  consent,  you may  allow a  discount,  not in  excess  of the
reallowance  fixed by us, in selling such securities to other dealers,  provided
that in doing so you  comply  with the Rules of Fair  Practice  of the  National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the "NASD"). Upon our request, you will
advise us of the  identity  of any dealer to whom you allow such a discount  and
any  Underwriter  or dealer  from whom you receive  such a  discount.  After the
securities  are released for sale to the public,  we may vary the offering price
and other selling terms.

      2. You represent that you are a dealer actually  engaged in the investment
banking  or  securities  business  and that you are  either (i) a member in good
standing  of the NASD or (ii) a  dealer  with its  principal  place of  business
located  outside the United  States,  its  territories  or  possessions  and not
registered  under the  Securities  Exchange Act of 1934 (a  "non-member  foreign
dealer") or (iii) a bank not eligible for  membership  in the NASD. If you are a
non-member  foreign dealer,  you agree to make no sales of securities within the
United  States,  its  territories  or its  possessions  or to  persons  who  are
nationals  thereof or residents  therein.  Non-member  foreign dealers and banks
agree,  in making  any sales,  to comply  with the  NASD's  interpretation  with
respect to free-riding and withholding.  In accepting a selling concession where
we are acting as Representative of the Underwriters,  in accepting a reallowance
from us whether or not we are acting as such  Representative,  and in allowing a
discount to any other person, you agree to comply with the provisions of Section
24 of Article III of the Rules of Fair  Practice of the NASD,  and, in addition,
if you are a non-member  foreign dealer or bank, you agree to comply,  as though
you were a member of the  NASD,  with the  provisions  of  Sections  8 and 36 of
Article  III of such Rules of Fair  Practice  and to comply  with  Section 25 of
Article III thereof as that Section  applies to a non-member  foreign  dealer or
bank. You represent that you are fully familiar with the above provisions of the
Rules of Fair Practice of the NASD.

      3. If the securities have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933
(the  "1933  Act"),  in  offering  and  selling  such  securities,  you  are not
authorized to give any information or make any



representation  not contained in the prospectus  relating  thereto.  You confirm
that you are familiar with the rules and policies of the Securities and Exchange
Commission  relating to the distribution of preliminary and final  prospectuses,
and you agree that you will comply  therewith  in any  offering  covered by this
Agreement. If we are acting as Representative of the Underwriters,  we will make
available  to you,  to the  extent  made  available  to us by the  issuer of the
securities,  such number of copies of the prospectus or offering documents,  for
securities not registered under the 1933 Act, as you may reasonably request.

      4. If we are acting as Representative of the Underwriters of securities of
an issuer that is not required to file reports under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 (the "1934 Act"), you agree that you will not sell any of the securities
to any account over which you have discretionary authority.

      5.  Payment for  securities  purchased by you is to be made at our office,
One Liberty Plaza, 165 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10006 (or at such other place as
we may advise),  at the offering  price less the  concession  allowed to you, on
such date as we may advise,  by  certified  or  official  bank check in New York
Clearing  House  funds (or such other  funds as we may  advise),  payable to our
order,  against delivery of the securities to be purchased by you. We shall have
authority  to make  appropriate  arrangements  for payment  for and/or  delivery
through  the  facility  of  The  Depository  Trust  Company  or any  such  other
depository or similar facility for the securities.

      6. In the event  that,  prior to the  completion  of the  distribution  of
securities  covered  by this  Agreement,  we  purchase  in the  open  market  or
otherwise any securities delivered to you, if we are acting as Representative of
the Underwriters,  you agree to repay to us for the accounts of the Underwriters
the amount of the concession  allowed to you plus brokerage  commissions and any
transfer taxes paid in connection with such purchase.

      7. At any time prior to the completion of the  distribution  of securities
covered by this Agreement you will,  upon our request as  Representative  of the
Underwriters,  report to us the amount of securities purchased by you which then
remains unsold and will, upon our request,  sell to us for the account of one or
more of the  Underwriters  such  amount  of  such  unsold  securities  as we may
designate,  at the offering  price less an amount to be  determined by us not in
excess of the concession allowed to you.

      8.  If  we  are  acting  as  Representative  of  the  Underwriters,   upon
application to us, we will inform you of the states and other  jurisdictions  of
the United States in which it is believed that the securities  being offered are
qualified  for sale  under,  or are  exempt  from  the  requirements  of,  their
respective securities laws, but we assume no responsibility with respect to your
right to sell  securities in any  jurisdiction.  We shall have authority to file
with the  Department  of State of the State of New York a Further  State  Notice
with respect to the securities, if necessary.

      9. You agree that in connection with any offering of securities covered by
this  Agreement you will comply with the  applicable  provisions of the 1933 Act
and the 1934 Act and the applicable  rules and regulations of the Securities and
Exchange  Commission  thereunder,  the applicable  rules and  regulations of the
NASD, and the applicable  rules of any securities  exchange having  jurisdiction
over the offering.

      10.  We shall  have  full  authority  to take  such  action as we may deem
advisable in respect of all matters  pertaining to any offering  covered by this
Agreement.  We shall be under no  liability  to you  except for our lack of good
faith and for obligations  assumed by us in this  Agreement,  except that you do
not  waive  any  rights  that you may have  under  the 1933 Act or the rules and
regulations thereunder.

      11. Any  notice  from us shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed
or transmitted by any standard form of written  telecommunications to you at the
above address or at such other address as you shall specify to us in writing.

      12. With respect to any Offering of securities  covered by this Agreement,
the price  restrictions  contained in Paragraph 1 hereof and the  provisions  of
Paragraphs  6 and 7 hereof shall  terminate as to such  offering at the close of
business on the 45th day after the  securities  are  released for sale or, as to
any or all such  provisions,  at such earlier  time as we may advise.  All other
provisions of this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect
with respect to such offering.


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      13. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York.

      Please  confirm your  agreement  hereto by signing the enclosed  duplicate
copy hereof in the place provided below and returning such signed duplicate copy
to us at World Headquarters, North Tower, World Financial Center, New York, N.Y.
10281-1305,   Attention:   Corporate  Syndicate.   Upon  receipt  thereof,  this
instrument and such signed  duplicate  copy will evidence the agreement  between
us.

                                         Very truly yours,


                                         MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
                                                     INCORPORATED




                                         By:  /s/ Fred F. Hessinger
                                              ---------------------------------
                                                   Name: Fred F. Hessinger

Confirmed and accepted as of the
     day of         ,19


- ------------------------------------------
             Name of Dealer



- ------------------------------------------
     Authorized Officer or Partner
(if not Officer or Partner, attach copy of
      Instrument of Authorization)


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