EXHIBIT 99.1

                              LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

                     COMMUNICATIONS & POWER INDUSTRIES, INC.

                                OFFER TO EXCHANGE
                        ALL OUTSTANDING PRIVATELY PLACED
                      8% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2012
                           FOR AN EQUAL AMOUNT OF ITS
                      8% SENIOR SUBORDINATED NOTES DUE 2012
                        WHICH HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER
                     THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED

       THE EXCHANGE OFFER AND WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS WILL EXPIRE AT 5:00 P.M.,
        NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON _______________, 2004 UNLESS THE OFFER IS
        EXTENDED (the "EXPIRATION DATE"). TENDERS MAY BE WITHDRAWN PRIOR
            TO 5:00 P.M., NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON THE EXPIRATION DATE.

                  THE EXCHANGE AGENT FOR THE EXCHANGE OFFER IS:
                            BNY WESTERN TRUST COMPANY

             DELIVERY TO: BNY WESTERN TRUST COMPANY, EXCHANGE AGENT

                                                              
By Mail or Overnight Courier      By Hand:                          By Facsimile Transmissions:
Delivery:                                                           (212) 298-1915

The Bank of New York              The Bank of New York
101 Barclay Street - 7 E          101 Barclay Street - 7 E
New York, NY 10286                New York, NY 10286                Confirm By Telephone:
Attn. Diane Amoroso               Ground Floor Window               (212) 815-3738
Corporate Trust, Reorganization   Corporate Trust, Reorganization
Dept.                             Dept.
                                                                    For Information:
                                                                    Diane Amoroso
                                                                    (212) 815-3738


         DELIVERY OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL TO AN ADDRESS OTHER THAN AS SET
FORTH ABOVE, OR TRANSMISSION OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL VIA A FACSIMILE
NUMBER OTHER THAN THE ONE SET FORTH ABOVE WILL NOT CONSTITUTE A VALID DELIVERY.
THE INSTRUCTIONS ACCOMPANYING THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL SHOULD BE READ
CAREFULLY BEFORE THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL IS COMPLETED.

         Holders of Outstanding Notes (as defined below) should complete this
Letter of Transmittal either if Outstanding Notes are to be forwarded herewith
or if tenders of Outstanding Notes are to be made by book-entry transfer to an
account maintained by the Exchange Agent at



                                                                               2

The Depository Trust Company ("DTC") pursuant to the procedures set forth in
"The Exchange Offer -- Book-Entry Delivery Procedures" and "The Exchange Offer
- -- Tender of Outstanding Notes Held Through The Depository Trust Company" in the
Prospectus and an "Agent's Message" (as defined below) is not delivered. If
tender is being made by book-entry transfer, the Holder must have an Agent's
Message delivered in lieu of this Letter of Transmittal.

         Holders of Outstanding Notes whose certificates (the "Certificates")
for such Outstanding Notes are not immediately available or who cannot deliver
their Certificates and all other required documents to the Exchange Agent on or
prior to the Expiration Date or who cannot complete the procedures for
book-entry transfer on a timely basis, must tender their Outstanding Notes
according to the guaranteed delivery procedures set forth in "The Exchange Offer
- -- Guaranteed Delivery Procedures" in the Prospectus (as defined below).

         As used in this Letter of Transmittal, the term "Holder" with respect
to the Exchange Offer (as defined below) means any person in whose name
Outstanding Notes are registered on the books of Communications & Power
Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Issuer"), or, with respect to
interests in the Outstanding Notes held by DTC, any DTC participant listed in an
official DTC proxy. The undersigned has completed, signed and delivered this
Letter of Transmittal to indicate the action the undersigned desires to take
with respect to the Exchange Offer. Holders who wish to tender their Outstanding
Notes must complete this Letter of Transmittal in its entirety.

            SEE INSTRUCTION 1. DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS TO DTC DOES NOT
                   CONSTITUTE DELIVERY TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT.

           BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF OUTSTANDING NOTES SEE INSTRUCTION 10
          (QUESTIONS AND REQUEST FOR ASSISTANCE OR ADDITIONAL COPIES).



                                                                               3

         The undersigned hereby acknowledges receipt of the Prospectus dated ,
2004 (as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the "Prospectus")
of the Issuer, CPI Holdco, Inc., a Delaware corporation and the parent of the
Issuer, and certain of the subsidiaries of the Issuer (together with CPI Holdco,
Inc., the "Guarantors," and each, a "Guarantor") and this Letter of Transmittal,
which together constitute the offer (the "Exchange Offer") to exchange an
aggregate principal amount of up to $125,000,000 of the Issuer's 8% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2012, guaranteed by the Guarantors, that have been
registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act")
(collectively, the "Outstanding Notes") for an equal principal amount of the
Issuer's 8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012, guaranteed by the Guarantors,
that have been registered under the Securities Act (collectively, the "Exchange
Notes"). The Outstanding Notes are unconditionally guaranteed (the "Old
Guarantees") by the Guarantors, and the Exchange Notes will be unconditionally
guaranteed (the "New Guarantees") by the Guarantors. Upon the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth in the Prospectus and the Letter of Transmittal, the
Guarantors offer to issue the New Guarantees with respect to all Exchange Notes
issued in the Exchange Offer in exchange for the Old Guarantees of the
Outstanding Notes for which such Exchange Notes are issued in Exchange Offer.
Throughout this letter, unless the context otherwise requires and whether so
expressed or not, references to the "Exchange Offer" include the Guarantors'
offer to exchange the New Guarantees for the Old Guarantees, references to the
"Exchange Notes" include the related New Guarantees and references to the
"Outstanding Notes" include the related Old Guarantees. Capitalized terms used
but not defined herein have the meaning given to them in the Prospectus.

         For each Outstanding Note accepted for exchange, the holder of such
Outstanding Note will receive an Exchange Note having a principal amount equal
to that of the surrendered Outstanding Note. The Exchange Notes will accrue
interest at the rate of 8% per annum, commencing on January 23, 2004, payable
semi-annually on February 1 and August 1 of each year.

         YOUR BANK OR BROKER CAN ASSIST YOU IN COMPLETING THIS FORM. THE
INSTRUCTIONS INCLUDED IN THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL MUST BE FOLLOWED. QUESTIONS
AND REQUESTS FOR ASSISTANCE OR FOR ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THE PROSPECTUS AND THIS
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL MAY BE DIRECTED TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT, WHOSE ADDRESS AND
TELEPHONE NUMBER APPEAR ON THE FRONT PAGE OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.

         SEE INSTRUCTION 10 BELOW.

         The undersigned has completed the appropriate boxes below and signed
this Letter of Transmittal to indicate the action that the undersigned desires
to take with respect to the Exchange Offer.



                                                                               4

         List below the Outstanding Notes to which this Letter of Transmittal
relates. If the space below is inadequate, the Certificate or registration
numbers and principal amounts of Outstanding Notes should be listed on a
separately signed schedule affixed hereto.

                      ALL TENDERING HOLDERS COMPLETE BOX 1:

                                      BOX 1
                    DESCRIPTION OF OUTSTANDING NOTES TENDERED



                                                              CERTIFICATE OR       AGGREGATE
                                                               REGISTRATION     PRINCIPAL AMOUNT    AGGREGATE PRINCIPAL
     NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) OF REGISTERED HOLDER(S)           NUMBER(S) OF      REPRESENTED BY          AMOUNT OF
(PLEASE FILL IN, IF BLANK, EXACTLY AS NAME(S) APPEAR(S) ON     OUTSTANDING        OUTSTANDING        OUTSTANDING NOTES
                     CERTIFICATE(S))                              NOTES*             NOTES           BEING TENDERED**
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           
                                                              _________________________________________________________
                                                              _________________________________________________________
                                                              _________________________________________________________
                                                              _________________________________________________________
                                                              _________________________________________________________
                                                              _________________________________________________________
                                                              _________________________________________________________
                                                              TOTAL
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


*        Need not be completed by book-entry holders (see below)

**       The minimum permitted tender is $1,000 in principal amount. All tenders
         must be in integral multiples of $1,000 in principal amount. The
         aggregate principal amount of all of the Outstanding Notes represented
         by the Outstanding Notes identified in this column, or delivered to the
         Exchange Agent herewith, will be deemed tendered unless a lesser amount
         is specified in this column. See Instruction 4.



                                                                               5

                                      BOX 2
                               BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER

[ ] CHECK HERE IF TENDERED OUTSTANDING NOTES ARE BEING DELIVERED BY BOOK-ENTRY
    TRANSFER MADE TO THE ACCOUNT MAINTAINED BY THE EXCHANGE AGENT WITH DTC AND
    COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING:

    Name of Tendering Institution:______________________________________________

    DTC Account Number:_________________________________________________________

    Transaction Code Number:____________________________________________________

         Holders of Outstanding Notes that are tendering by book-entry transfer
to the Exchange Agent's account at DTC can execute the tender through DTC's
Automated Tender Offer Program ("ATOP") for which the transaction will be
eligible. DTC participants that are accepting the Exchange Offer must transmit
their acceptances to DTC, which will verify the acceptance and execute a
book-entry delivery to the Exchange Agent's account at DTC. DTC will then send a
computer-generated message (an "Agent's Message") to the Exchange Agent for its
acceptance in which the holder of the Outstanding Notes acknowledges and agrees
to be bound by the terms of, and makes the representations and warranties
contained in, this Letter of Transmittal, and the DTC participant confirms on
behalf of itself and the beneficial owners of such Outstanding Notes all
provisions of this Letter of Transmittal (including any representations and
warranties) applicable to it and such beneficial owner as fully as if it had
completed the information required herein and executed and transmitted this
Letter of Transmittal to the Exchange Agent. Each DTC participant transmitting
an acceptance of the Exchange Offer through the ATOP procedures will be deemed
to have agreed to be bound by the terms of this Letter of Transmittal. Delivery
of an Agent's Message by DTC will satisfy the terms of the Exchange Offer as to
execution and delivery of a Letter of Transmittal by the participant identified
in the Agent's Message. DTC participants may also accept the Exchange Offer by
submitting a Notice of Guaranteed Delivery through ATOP.



                                                                               6

                                      BOX 3
                          NOTICE OF GUARANTEED DELIVERY
                            (SEE INSTRUCTION 2 BELOW)

[ ]  CHECK HERE IF TENDERED OUTSTANDING NOTES ARE BEING DELIVERED PURSUANT TO A
     NOTICE OF GUARANTEED DELIVERY PREVIOUSLY SENT TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT AND
     COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING:

     Name(s) of Registered Holder(s):___________________________________________

     Window Ticket Number (if any):_____________________________________________

     Date of Execution of Notice of Guaranteed Delivery:________________________

     Name of Institution which Guaranteed Delivery:_____________________________

     IF GUARANTEED DELIVERY IS TO BE MADE BY BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER:

     Name of Tendering Institution:_____________________________________________

     DTC Account Number:________________________________________________________

     Transaction Code Number:___________________________________________________

                                      BOX 4
                    RETURN OF NON-EXCHANGE OUTSTANDING NOTES
                         TENDERED BY BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER

[ ]  CHECK HERE IF TENDERED BY BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER AND NON-EXCHANGED OUTSTANDING
     NOTES ARE TO BE RETURNED BY CREDITING THE DTC ACCOUNT NUMBER SET FORTH
     ABOVE.



                                                                               7

                                      BOX 5
                           PARTICIPATING BROKER-DEALER

[ ]  CHECK HERE IF YOU ARE A BROKER-DEALER WHO ACQUIRED THE OUTSTANDING NOTES
     FOR YOUR OWN ACCOUNT AS A RESULT OF MARKET-MAKING OR OTHER TRADING
     ACTIVITIES (A "PARTICIPATING BROKER-DEALER") AND WISH TO RECEIVE TEN
     ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THE PROSPECTUS AND OF ANY AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS
     THERETO, AS WELL AS ANY NOTICES FROM THE ISSUER TO SUSPEND AND RESUME USE
     OF THE PROSPECTUS. PROVIDE THE NAME OF THE INDIVIDUAL WHO SHOULD RECEIVE,
     ON BEHALF OF THE HOLDER, ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THE PROSPECTUS, AND
     AMENDMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTS THERETO, AND ANY NOTICES TO SUSPEND AND RESUME
     USE OF THE PROSPECTUS.

     Name:______________________________________________________________________

     Address:___________________________________________________________________

     Telephone No.:_____________________________________________________________

     Facsimile No.:_____________________________________________________________

         If the undersigned is not a broker-dealer, the undersigned represents
that it is acquiring the Exchange Notes in the ordinary course of its business,
it is not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, and has no arrangement
or understanding with any person to participate in a distribution of, the
Exchange Notes. If the undersigned is a broker-dealer that will receive Exchange
Notes for its own account in exchange for Outstanding Notes, it represents that
the Outstanding Notes to be exchanged for the Exchange Notes were acquired by it
as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities and
acknowledges that it will deliver a prospectus meeting the requirements of the
Securities Act in connection with any resale of such Exchange Notes; however, by
so acknowledging and by delivering a prospectus, the undersigned will not be
deemed to admit that it is an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities
Act.

               PLEASE READ THE ACCOMPANYING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY



                                                                               8

Ladies and Gentlemen:

         Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Exchange Offer, the
undersigned hereby tenders to the Issuer the aggregate principal amount of the
Outstanding Notes indicated above. Subject to, and effective upon, the
acceptance for exchange of the Outstanding Notes tendered hereby, the
undersigned hereby exchanges, assigns and transfers to, or upon the order of,
the Issuer all right, title and interest in and to such Outstanding Notes as are
being tendered hereby.

         The undersigned hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints the
Exchange Agent as the true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact of the
undersigned (with full knowledge that the Exchange Agent also acts as agent of
the Issuer) with respect to the tendered Outstanding Notes, with full power of
substitution and resubstitution (such power of attorney being deemed an
irrevocable power coupled with an interest) to (1) deliver certificates
representing such Outstanding Notes, or transfer ownership of such Outstanding
Notes on the account books maintained by DTC, together, in each such case, with
all accompanying evidences of transfer and authenticity to, or upon the order
of, the Issuer, (2) present and deliver such Outstanding Notes for transfer on
the books of the Issuer and (3) receive all benefits or otherwise exercise all
rights and incidents of beneficial ownership of such Outstanding Notes, all in
accordance with the terms of the Exchange Offer.

         The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that (a) the undersigned
has full power and authority to tender, exchange, assign and transfer the
Outstanding Notes tendered hereby, (b) when such tendered Outstanding Notes are
accepted for exchange, the Issuer will acquire good and unencumbered title
thereto, free and clear of all liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances and
(c) the Outstanding Notes tendered for exchange are not subject to any adverse
claims or proxies when the same are accepted by the Issuer. The undersigned
hereby further represents that any Exchange Notes acquired in exchange for
Outstanding Notes tendered hereby will have been acquired in the ordinary course
of business of the person receiving such Exchange Notes, whether or not such
person is the undersigned, that neither the holder of such Outstanding Notes nor
any such other person is engaged in, or intends to engage in a distribution of
such Exchange Notes within the meaning of the Securities Act, or has an
arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in the distribution
of such Exchange Notes, and that neither the holder of such Outstanding Notes
nor any such other person is an "affiliate", as such term is defined in Rule 405
under the Securities Act, of the Issuer or any Guarantor.

         The undersigned also acknowledges that this Exchange Offer is being
made based on the Issuer's understanding of an interpretation by the staff of
the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") as set forth in
no-action letters issued to third parties, including Exxon Capital Holdings
Corporation, SEC No-Action Letter (available May 13, 1988) and Morgan Stanley &
Co. Incorporated, SEC No-Action Letter (available June 5, 1991), as interpreted
in Shearman & Sterling, SEC No-Action Letter (available July 2, 1993), that the
Exchange Notes issued in exchange for the Outstanding Notes pursuant to the
Exchange Offer may be offered for resale, resold and otherwise transferred by
each holder thereof (other than a broker-dealer who acquires such Exchange Notes
directly from the Issuer for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities
Act or any other available exemption under the Securities Act or any such holder
that is an "affiliate" of the Issuer or the Guarantors within the meaning of
Rule 405 under the



                                                                               9

Securities Act), without compliance with the registration and prospectus
delivery provisions of the Securities Act, provided that such Exchange Notes are
acquired in the ordinary course of such holder's business and such holder is not
engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, a distribution of such Exchange
Notes and has no arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in
the distribution of such Exchange Notes. If a holder of the Outstanding Notes is
an affiliate of the Issuer or the Guarantors, is not acquiring the Exchange
Notes in the ordinary course of its business, is engaged in or intends to engage
in a distribution of the Exchange Notes or has any arrangement or understanding
with respect to the distribution of the Exchange Notes to be acquired pursuant
to the Exchange Offer, such holder (x) may not rely on the applicable
interpretations of the staff of the SEC and (y) must comply with the
registration and prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act in
connection with any secondary resale transaction. If the undersigned is a
broker-dealer that will receive the Exchange Notes for its own account in
exchange for the Outstanding Notes, it represents that the Outstanding Notes to
be exchanged for the Exchange Notes were acquired by it as a result of
market-making activities or other trading activities and acknowledges that it
will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale or transfer of such
Exchange Notes; however, by so acknowledging and by delivering a prospectus, the
undersigned will not be deemed to admit that it is an "underwriter" within the
meaning of the Securities Act.

         The undersigned will, upon request, sign and deliver any additional
documents deemed by the Issuer or the Exchange Agent to be necessary or
desirable to complete the exchange, assignment and transfer of the Outstanding
Notes tendered hereby. All authority conferred or agreed to be conferred in this
Letter of Transmittal and every obligation of the undersigned hereunder shall be
binding upon the successors, assigns, heirs, executors, administrators, trustees
in bankruptcy and legal representatives of the undersigned and shall not be
affected by, and shall survive, the death or incapacity of the undersigned.
Tendered Outstanding Notes may be withdrawn at any time prior to the Expiration
Date in accordance with the procedures set forth in the "The Exchange Offer --
Withdrawal Rights" section of the Prospectus.

         Unless otherwise indicated herein in the box entitled "Special
Registration Instructions" below, please deliver the Exchange Notes (and, if
applicable, substitute certificates representing the Outstanding Notes for any
Outstanding Notes not exchanged) in the name of the undersigned or, in the case
of a book-entry delivery of the Outstanding Notes, please credit the account
indicated above maintained at DTC. Similarly, unless otherwise indicated under
the box entitled "Special Delivery Instructions" below, please send the Exchange
Notes (and, if applicable, substitute certificates representing the Outstanding
Notes for any Outstanding Notes not exchanged) to the undersigned at the address
shown above in the box entitled "Description of Outstanding Notes Tendered".

         THE UNDERSIGNED, BY COMPLETING THE BOX ENTITLED "DESCRIPTION OF
OUTSTANDING NOTES TENDERED" ABOVE AND SIGNING THIS LETTER, WILL BE DEEMED TO
HAVE TENDERED THE OUTSTANDING NOTES AS SET FORTH IN SUCH BOX ABOVE.



                                                                              10
                                      BOX 6

                        SPECIAL REGISTRATION INSTRUCTIONS
                       (SEE INSTRUCTIONS 1, 5 AND 6 BELOW)

         To be completed ONLY if Certificates for the Outstanding Notes not
exchanged and/or Certificates for the Exchange Notes are to be issued in the
name of someone other than the registered holder(s) of the Outstanding Notes
whose name(s) appear(s) above.

Issue the Exchange Notes and/or the Outstanding Notes to:

Name(s):________________________________________________________________________
                             (PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT)

Address:________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
                               (INCLUDE ZIP CODE)

________________________________________________________________________________
               (TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION OR SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER)

                                      BOX 7

                          SPECIAL DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS
                       (SEE INSTRUCTIONS 1, 5 AND 6 BELOW)

         To be completed ONLY if Certificates for the Outstanding Notes not
exchanged and/or Certificates for the Exchange Notes are to be sent to someone
other than the registered holder(s) of the Outstanding Notes whose name(s)
appear(s) above, or to such registered holder(s) at an address other than that
shown above.

Deliver the Exchange Notes and/or the Original Notes to:

Name(s):________________________________________________________________________
                             (PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT)

Address:________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
                               (INCLUDE ZIP CODE)

________________________________________________________________________________
               (TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION OR SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER)



                                                                              11

                                      BOX 8
                                PLEASE SIGN HERE
                           TENDERING HOLDER SIGNATURE
              IN ADDITION, COMPLETE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 - SEE BOX 9

Signature of registered holder(s) or
Authorized Signatory(ies):_____________________________________________________

Date:___________________________________________________________________________

         Note: The above lines must be signed by the registered holder(s) of the
Outstanding Notes as their name(s) appear(s) on the Outstanding Notes or on a
security position listing as the owner of the Outstanding Notes or by person(s)
authorized to become registered holder(s) by properly completed bond powers or
endorsements transmitted herewith. If signature is by a trustee, executor,
administrator, guardian, attorney-in-fact, officer or other person acting in a
fiduciary or representative capacity, such person must set forth his or her full
title below. See Instruction 5.

Name(s):________________________________________________________________________
                             (Please Type or Print)

Capacity (full title):__________________________________________________________

Address:________________________________________________________________________
                              (Including Zip Code)

Area Code and Telephone Number:_________________________________________________

Tax Identification or Social Security Number:___________________________________

                               SIGNATURE GUARANTEE
                         (IF REQUIRED BY INSTRUCTION 5)

Signature(s) Guaranteed by
an Eligible Guarantor Institution:______________________________________________
                             (Authorized Signature)

________________________________________________________________________________
                                     (Title)

________________________________________________________________________________
                                 (Name and Firm)

________________________________________________________________________________
                                    (Address)

Date:________________________________________

Area Code and Telephone Number:_________________________________________________

Tax Identification or Social Security Number:___________________________________



                                                                              12



                                                   BOX 9
                            PAYER'S NAME: COMMUNICATIONS & POWER INDUSTRIES, INC.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         
SUBSTITUTE                  PART 1--PLEASE PROVIDE YOUR NAME AND TIN IN THE BOX
                            AT RIGHT AND CERTIFY BY SIGNING AND DATING BELOW.         _____________________________________
FORM W-9                                                                                                -
                                                                                                       Name
Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service
                            --------------------------------------------------------
Payer's Request for
Taxpayer                    PART 2                                                    _____________________________________
Identification              Certification--Under penalty of perjury, I certify that:                    -
Number (TIN)                                                                                   Social Security Number
                            (1)  The number shown on this form is my correct
                                 Taxpayer Identification Number (or I am waiting                        OR
                                 for a number to be issued to me), and
                            (2)  I am not subject to backup withholding because       _____________________________________
                                 (a) I am exempt from backup withholding, or              Employer Identification Number
                                 (b) I have not been notified by the Internal         -------------------------------------
                                 Revenue Service (the "IRS") that I am subject        PART 3--
                                 to backup withholding as a result of a
                                 failure to report all interest or dividends,
                                 or (c) the IRS has notified me that I am no                        [ ] Awaiting TIN
                                 longer subject to backup withholding, and
                            (3)  I am a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident
                                 alien).
                            -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            CERTIFICATE INSTRUCTIONS--You must cross out item (2) above if you have been
                            notified by the IRS that you are currently subject to backup withholding because
                            of under-reporting interest or dividends on your tax return. However, if after
                            being notified by the IRS that you were subject to backup withholding you
                            received another notification from the IRS that you are no longer subject to
                            backup withholding, do not cross out such item (2).
                            -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            The Internal Revenue Service does not require your consent to any provision of
                            this document other than the certifications required to avoid backup
                            withholding.

                            SIGNATURE
                            _______________________________________________________________________________________________

                            DATE
                            _______________________________________________________________________________________________

SIGN HERE


       NOTE: FAILURE TO COMPLETE AND RETURN THIS FORM MAY RESULT IN BACKUP
   WITHHOLDING OF UP TO 28% OF ANY PAYMENTS MADE TO YOU PURSUANT TO THE OFFER.
       PLEASE REVIEW THE ENCLOSED GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER
      IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 FOR ADDITIONAL DETAILS.

           YOU MUST COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CERTIFICATE IF YOU CHECKED
                  THE BOX IN PART 3 OF THE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9.

             CERTIFICATE OF AWAITING TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

I certify under penalties of perjury that a taxpayer identification number has
not been issued to me, and either (1) I have mailed or delivered an application
to receive a taxpayer identification number to the appropriate Internal Revenue
Service Center or Social Security Administration Office, or (2) I intend to mail
or deliver an application in the near future. I understand that if I do not
provide a taxpayer identification number by the time of payment of all
reportable payments made to me will be withheld.

Signature  ___________________________    Date __________________________, 20__



                                                                              13

             GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
                          NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

Guidelines for Determining the Proper Identification Number for the Payee (You)
to Give the Payer. -- Social security numbers have nine digits separated by two
hyphens: i.e., 000-00-0000. Employee identification numbers have nine digits
separated by only one hyphen: i.e., 00-0000000. The table below will help
determine the number to give the payer. All "Section" references are to the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. "IRS" is the Internal Revenue
Service.



         For this type of account:             Give the social security number of--
===========================================   ======================================
                                           
1.    Individual                              The Individual
2.    Two or more individuals (joint          The actual owner of the account or, if
      account)                                combined funds, the first individual
                                              on the account(1)
3.    Custodian account of a minor (Uniform   The minor(2)
      Gift to Minors Act)
4.    a.  The usual revocable savings trust   The grantor-trustee(1)
          account (grantor is also trustee)
      b.  So-called trust account that is     The actual owner(1)
          not a legal or valid trust under
          state law
5.    Sole proprietorship                     The owner(3)
===========================================   ======================================
For this type of account:                     Give the employer identification
                                              number of--
===========================================   ======================================
6.    Sole proprietorship                     The owner(3)

7.    A valid trust, estate, or pension       The legal entity(4)
      trust

8.    Corporate                               The corporation

9.    Association, club, religious,           The organization
      charitable, educational, or other
      tax-exempt organization
10.   Partnership                             The partnership
11.   A broker or registered nominee          The broker or nominee
12.   Account with the Department of          The public entity
      Agriculture in the name of a public
      entity (such as a state or local
      government, school district, or
      prison) that receives agricultural
      program payments
===========================================   ======================================


1.  List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish. If
    only one person on a joint account has a social security number, that
    person's number must be furnished.

2.  Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security number.

3.  You must show your individual name, but you may also enter your business or
    "doing business as" name. You may use either your social security number of
    your employer identification number (if you have one).

4.  List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate, or pension trust.
    (Do not furnish the taxpayer identification number of the personal
    representative or trustee unless the legal entity itself is not designated
    in the account title.)

NOTE: If no name is circled when there is more than one name, the number will be
considered to be that of the first name listed.

OBTAINING A NUMBER

If you don't have a taxpayer identification number or you don't know your
number, obtain Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Card, at the local
Social Administration office, or Form SS-4, Application for Employer
Identification Number, by calling 1 (800) TAX-FORM, and apply for a number.

PAYEES EXEMPT FROM BACKUP WITHHOLDING

Payees specifically exempted from withholding include:

- -   An organization exempt from tax under Section 501(a), an individual
    retirement account (IRA), or a custodial account under Section 403(b)(7), if
    the account satisfies the requirements of Section 401(f)(2).

- -   The United States or a state thereof, the District of Columbia, a possession
    of the United States, or a political subdivision or instrumentality of any
    one or more of the foregoing.

- -   An international organization or any agency or instrumentality thereof.

- -   A foreign government and any political subdivision, agency or
    instrumentality thereof.



                                                                              14

Payees that may be exempt from backup withholding include:

- -        A corporation.

- -        A financial institution.

- -        A dealer in securities or commodities required to register in the
         United States, the District of Columbia, or a possession of the United
         States.

- -        A real estate investment trust.

- -        A common trust fund operated by a bank under Section 584(a).

- -        An entity registered at all times during the tax year under the
         Investment Company Act of 1940.

- -        A middleman known in the investment community as a nominee or
         custodian.

- -        A futures commission merchant registered with the Commodity Futures
         Trading Commission.

- -        A foreign central bank of issue.

- -        A trust exempt from tax under Section 664 or described in Section 4947.

Payments of dividends and patronage dividends generally exempt from backup
withholding include:

- -        Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under Section
         1441.

- -        Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the
         United States and that have at least one nonresident alien partner.

- -        Payments of patronage dividends not paid in money.

- -        Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

- -        Section 404(k) payments made by an ESOP.

Payments of interest generally exempt from backup withholding include:

- -        Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals. Note: You
         may be subject to backup withholding if this interest is $600 or more
         and you have not provided your correct taxpayer identification number
         to the payer.

- -        Payments of tax-exempt interest (including exempt-interest dividends
         under Section 852).

- -        Payments described in Section 6049(b)(5) to nonresident aliens.

- -        Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under Section 1451.

- -        Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

- -        Mortgage interest paid to you.

Certain payments, other than payments of interest, dividends, and patronage
dividends, that are exempt from information reporting are also exempt from
backup withholding. For details, see the regulations under sections 6041, 6041A,
6042, 6044, 6045, 6049, 6050A and 6050N.

EXEMPT PAYEES DESCRIBED ABOVE MUST FILE FORM W-9 OR A SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 TO
AVOID POSSIBLE ERRONEOUS BACKUP WITHHOLDING. FILE THIS FORM WITH THE PAYER,
FURNISH YOUR TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, WRITE "EXEMPT" IN PART II OF THE
FORM, SIGN AND DATE THE FORM, AND RETURN IT TO THE PAYER.

PRIVACY ACT NOTICE--Section 6109 requires you to provide your correct taxpayer
identification number to payers, who must report the payments to the IRS. The
IRS uses the number for identification purposes and may also provide this
information to various government agencies for tax enforcement or litigation
purposes. Payers must be given the numbers whether or not recipients are
required to file tax returns. Payers must generally withhold up to 28% of
taxable interest, dividends, and certain other payments to a payee who does not
furnish a taxpayer identification number to payer. Certain penalties may also
apply.

PENALTIES

(1) FAILURE TO FURNISH TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER.--If you fail to furnish
your taxpayer identification number to a payer, you are subject to a penalty of
$50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to reasonable cause and not
to willful neglect.

(2) CIVIL PENALTY FOR FALSE INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO WITHHOLDING. --If you
make a false statement with no reasonable basis that results in no backup
withholding, you are subject to a $500 penalty.

(3) CRIMINAL PENALTY FOR FALSIFYING INFORMATION. --Willfully falsifying
certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including
fines and/or imprisonment.

         FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL
         REVENUE SERVICE



              INSTRUCTIONS TO LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL FORMING PART OF
                 THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE EXCHANGE OFFER

GENERAL

         Please do not send Certificates for Outstanding Notes directly to the
Issuer. Your Outstanding Note Certificates, together with your signed and
completed Letter of Transmittal and any required supporting documents, should be
mailed or otherwise delivered to the Exchange Agent at the address set forth on
the first page hereof. The method of delivery of Certificates, this Letter of
Transmittal and all other required documents is at your sole option and risk and
the delivery will be deemed made only when actually received by the Exchange
Agent. If delivery is by mail, registered mail with return receipt requested,
properly insured, or overnight or hand delivery service is recommended. In all
cases, sufficient time should be allowed to ensure timely delivery.

1.       DELIVERY OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL AND CERTIFICATES.

         This Letter of Transmittal is to be completed by holders of Outstanding
Notes (which term, for purposes of the Exchange Offer, includes any participant
in DTC whose name appears on a security position listing as the holder of such
Outstanding Notes) if either (a) Certificates for such Outstanding Notes are to
be forwarded herewith or (b) tenders are to be made pursuant to the procedures
for tender by book-entry transfer set forth in "The Exchange Offer -- Book-Entry
Delivery Procedures" in the Prospectus and an Agent's Message (as defined below)
is not delivered. The term "Agent's Message" means a message, transmitted by DTC
to, and received by, the Exchange Agent and forming a part of a book-entry
confirmation, which states that DTC has received an express acknowledgment from
the tendering participant, which acknowledgment states that such participant has
received and agrees to be bound by, and makes the representations and warranties
contained in, this Letter of Transmittal and that the Issuer may enforce this
Letter of Transmittal against such participant. Certificates representing the
tendered Outstanding Notes, or timely confirmation of a book-entry transfer of
such Outstanding Notes into the Exchange Agent's account at DTC, as well as a
properly completed and duly executed copy of this Letter of Transmittal, or a
facsimile hereof (or, in the case of a book-entry transfer, an Agent's Message),
a substitute Form W-9 and any other documents required by this Letter of
Transmittal, must be received by the Exchange Agent at its address set forth
herein on or prior to the Expiration Date, or the tendering holder must comply
with the guaranteed delivery procedures set forth below. Outstanding Notes may
be tendered in whole or in part in the principal amount of $1,000 and integral
multiples of $1,000.

2.       GUARANTEED DELIVERY PROCEDURES.

         Holders who wish to tender their Outstanding Notes and (i) whose
Outstanding Notes are not immediately available or (ii) who cannot deliver their
Outstanding Notes, this Letter of Transmittal and all other required documents
to the Exchange Agent on or prior to the Expiration Date or (iii) who cannot
complete the procedures for delivery by book-entry transfer on a timely basis,
may effect a tender by properly completing and duly executing a Notice of
Guaranteed Delivery pursuant to the guaranteed delivery procedures set forth in
"The Exchange Offer -- Guaranteed Delivery Procedures" in the Prospectus and by
completing Box 3. Pursuant to these



                                                                              16

procedures, Holders may tender their Outstanding Notes if: (i) the tender is
made by or through an Eligible Guarantor Institution (as defined below); (ii) a
properly completed and signed Notice of Guaranteed Delivery in the form provided
with this Letter of Transmittal is delivered to the Exchange Agent on or before
the Expiration Date (by facsimile transmission, mail or hand delivery), setting
forth the name and address of the holder of Outstanding Notes and the amount of
Outstanding Notes tendered, stating that the tender is being made thereby; and
(iii) the certificates or a confirmation of book-entry transfer and a properly
completed and signed Letter of Transmittal is delivered to the Exchange Agent
within three New York Stock Exchange trading days after execution of the Notice
of Guaranteed Delivery. The Notice of Guaranteed Delivery may be delivered by
hand, facsimile or mail to the Exchange Agent, and a guarantee by an Eligible
Guarantor Institution must be included in the form described in the notice.

         Any Holder who wishes to tender Outstanding Notes pursuant to the
guaranteed delivery procedures described above must ensure that the Exchange
Agent receives the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery relating to such Outstanding
Notes prior to the Expiration Date. Failure to complete the guaranteed delivery
procedures outlined above will not, of itself, affect the validity or effect a
revocation of any Letter of Transmittal form properly completed and executed by
a Holder who attempted to use the guaranteed delivery procedures.

         The Issuer will not accept any alternative, conditional or contingent
tenders. Each tendering holder of Outstanding Notes, by execution of a Letter of
Transmittal (or facsimile thereof), waives any right to receive any notice of
the acceptance of such tender.

         GUARANTEE OF SIGNATURES

         No signature guarantee on this Letter of Transmittal is required if:

         (i)      this Letter of Transmittal is signed by the registered
                  Holder(s) (which term, for purposes of this document, shall
                  include any participant in DTC whose name appears on a
                  security position listing as the owner of the Outstanding
                  Notes) of Outstanding Notes tendered herewith, unless such
                  Holder(s) has (have) completed either the box entitled
                  "Special Registration Instructions" (Box 6) or "Special
                  Delivery Instructions" (Box 7) above; or

         (ii)     such Outstanding Notes are tendered for the account of a firm
                  that is an Eligible Guarantor Institution.

         In all other cases, an Eligible Guarantor Institution must guarantee
the signature(s) in Box 8 on this Letter of Transmittal. See Instruction 5.

         INADEQUATE SPACE

         If the space provided in the box captioned "Description of Outstanding
Notes Tendered" (Box 1) is inadequate, the Certificate number(s) and/or the
principal amount of Outstanding Notes and any other required information should
be listed on a separate, signed schedule and attached to this Letter of
Transmittal.



                                                                              17

3.       BENEFICIAL OWNER INSTRUCTIONS.

         Only a Holder of Outstanding Notes (i.e., a person in whose name
Outstanding Notes are registered on the books of the registrar or, with respect
to interests in the Outstanding Notes held by DTC, a DTC participant listed in
an official DTC proxy), or the legal representative or attorney-in-fact of a
Holder, may execute and deliver this Letter of Transmittal. Any beneficial owner
of Outstanding Notes who wishes to accept the Exchange Offer must arrange
promptly for the appropriate Holder to execute and deliver this Letter of
Transmittal on his or her behalf through the execution and delivery to the
appropriate Holder of the "Instructions to Registered Holder and/or DTC
Participant from Beneficial Owner of 8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2012" form
accompanying this Letter of Transmittal.

4.       PARTIAL TENDERS; WITHDRAWALS.

         Tenders of Outstanding Notes will be accepted only in the principal
amount of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000. If less than the entire
principal amount of Outstanding Notes evidenced by a submitted Certificate is
tendered, the tendering Holder(s) should fill in the aggregate principal amount
tendered in the column entitled "Aggregate Principal Amount of Outstanding Notes
Being Tendered" in Box 1 above. A newly issued Certificate for the principal
amount of Outstanding Notes submitted but not tendered will be sent to such
Holder as soon as practicable after the Expiration Date, unless otherwise
provided in the appropriate box on this Letter of Transmittal. All Outstanding
Notes delivered to the Exchange Agent will be deemed to have been tendered in
full unless otherwise indicated.

         Outstanding Notes tendered pursuant to the Exchange Offer may be
withdrawn at any time prior to the Expiration Date, after which tenders of
Outstanding Notes are irrevocable. To be effective, a written, telegraphic or
facsimile transmission notice of withdrawal must be timely received by the
Exchange Agent at the address set forth on the first page hereof. Any such
notice of withdrawal must (i) specify the name of the person having deposited
the Outstanding Notes to be withdrawn (the "Depositor"), (ii) identify the
Outstanding Notes to be withdrawn (including the registration number(s) and
principal amount of such Outstanding Notes, or, in the case of Outstanding Notes
transferred by book-entry transfer, the name and number of the account at DTC to
be credited), (iii) be signed by the Holder in the same manner as the original
signature on this Letter of Transmittal (including any required signature
guarantees) or be accompanied by documents of transfer sufficient to have the
Trustee with respect to the Outstanding Notes register the transfer of such
Outstanding Notes in the name of the person withdrawing the tender, (iv) specify
the name in which any such Outstanding Notes are to be registered, if different
from that of the Depositor and (v) include a statement that the Depositor is
withdrawing its election to have such Outstanding Notes exchanged. All questions
as to the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) of such
notices will be determined by the Issuer, whose determination shall be final and
binding on all parties. Any Outstanding Notes so withdrawn will be deemed not to
have been validly tendered for purposes of the Exchange Offer and no Exchange
Notes will be issued with respect thereto unless the Outstanding Notes so
withdrawn are validly re-tendered. Any Outstanding Notes which have been
tendered but which are not accepted for exchange for any reason will be returned
to the Holder thereof without cost to such Holder (or, in the case of
Outstanding Notes tendered by book-entry transfer into the Exchange Agent's
account at the book entry transfer facility pursuant to the book-entry transfer



                                                                              18

procedures described above, such Outstanding Notes will be credited to an
account with such book-entry transfer facility specified by the Holder) as soon
as practicable after withdrawal, rejection of tender or termination of Exchange
Offer. Properly withdrawn Outstanding Notes may be retendered by following one
of the procedures described under the caption "The Exchange Offers -- Procedures
for Tendering" in the Prospectus at any time prior to the Expiration Date.

         Neither the Issuer, any affiliates or assigns of the Issuer, the
Exchange Agent nor any other person will be under any duty to give any
notification of any irregularities in any notice of withdrawal or incur any
liability for failure to give such notification (even if such notice is given to
other persons).

5.       SIGNATURE ON LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL; WRITTEN INSTRUMENTS AND
         ENDORSEMENTS; GUARANTEE OF SIGNATURES.

         If this Letter of Transmittal is signed by the registered Holder(s) of
the Outstanding Notes tendered hereby, the signature must correspond exactly
with the name(s) as written on the face of the Certificates without alteration,
addition, enlargement or any change whatsoever. If this Letter of Transmittal is
signed by a participant in DTC, the signature must correspond with the name as
it appears on the security position listing as the owner of the Outstanding
Notes.

         If any of the Outstanding Notes tendered hereby are owned of record by
two or more joint owners, all such owners must sign this Letter of Transmittal.

         If a number of Outstanding Notes registered in different names are
tendered, it will be necessary to complete, sign and submit as many separate
copies of this Letter of Transmittal (or facsimiles thereof) as there are
different registrations of Outstanding Notes.

         If this Letter of Transmittal is signed by the registered Holder(s) of
Outstanding Notes (which term, for the purposes described herein, shall include
a participant in DTC whose name appears on a security position listing as the
owner of the Outstanding Notes) listed and tendered hereby, no endorsements of
the tendered Outstanding Notes or separate written instruments of transfer or
exchange are required. In any other case, the registered Holder(s) (or acting
Holder(s)) must either properly endorse the Outstanding Notes or transmit
properly completed bond powers with this Letter of Transmittal (in either case,
executed exactly as the name(s) of the registered Holder(s) appear(s) on the
Outstanding Notes, and, with respect to a participant in DTC whose name appears
on such security position listing), with the signature on the Outstanding Notes
or bond power guaranteed by an Eligible Guarantor Institution (except where the
Outstanding Notes are tendered for the account of an Eligible Guarantor
Institution).

         If this Letter of Transmittal, any Certificates, bond powers or
separate written instruments of transfer or exchange are signed by trustees,
executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, officers of
corporations or others acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, such
persons should so indicate when signing, and, unless waived by the Issuer, must
submit proper evidence satisfactory to the Issuer, in its sole discretion, of
such persons' authority to so act.

         ENDORSEMENTS ON CERTIFICATES FOR THE OUTSTANDING NOTES OR SIGNATURES ON
BOND POWERS REQUIRED BY THIS INSTRUCTION 5 MUST BE GUARANTEED BY A FIRM THAT IS
A MEMBER OF THE



                                                                              19

SECURITY TRANSFER AGENT MEDALLION SIGNATURE PROGRAM OR BY ANY OTHER "ELIGIBLE
GUARANTOR INSTITUTION" WITHIN THE MEANING OF RULE 17AD-15 UNDER THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED.

         SIGNATURES ON THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL NEED NOT BE GUARANTEED BY AN
ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION, PROVIDED THE OUTSTANDING NOTES ARE TENDERED: (i)
BY A REGISTERED HOLDER OF THE OUTSTANDING NOTES (WHICH TERM, FOR PURPOSES OF THE
EXCHANGE OFFER, INCLUDES ANY PARTICIPANT IN THE DTC SYSTEM WHOSE NAME APPEARS ON
A SECURITY POSITION LISTING AS THE OWNER OF SUCH OUTSTANDING NOTES) TENDERED WHO
HAS NOT COMPLETED BOX 6 ENTITLED "SPECIAL REGISTRATION INSTRUCTIONS" OR BOX 7
ENTITLED "SPECIAL DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS" ON THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL OR (ii)
FOR THE ACCOUNT OF AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION.

6.       SPECIAL REGISTRATION AND DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS.

         Tendering Holders should indicate, in the applicable Box 6 or Box 7,
the name and address in/to which the Exchange Notes and/or substitute
certificates evidencing Outstanding Notes for principal amounts not tendered or
not accepted for exchange are to be issued or sent, if different from the
name(s) and address(es) of the person signing this Letter of Transmittal. In the
case of issuance in a different name, the employer identification number or
social security number of the person named must also be indicated and the
tendering Holder should complete the applicable box. A holder tendering the
Outstanding Notes by book-entry transfer may request that the Outstanding Notes
not exchanged be credited to such account maintained at DTC as such Holder may
designate hereof (See Box 4).

         If no instructions are given, the Exchange Notes (and any Outstanding
Notes not tendered or not accepted) will be issued in the name of and sent to
the Holder signing this Letter of Transmittal or deposited into such Holder's
account at DTC.

7.       TRANSFER TAXES.

         The Issuer will pay all transfer taxes, if any, applicable to the
transfer and exchange of Outstanding Notes to them or their order pursuant to
the Exchange Offer. If a transfer tax is imposed because Exchange Notes are
delivered or issued in the name of a person other than the registered Holder or
if a transfer tax is imposed for any other reason other than the transfer and
exchange of Outstanding Notes to the Issuer, or its order pursuant to the
Exchange Offer, the amount of any such transfer taxes (whether imposed on the
registered Holder or any other person) will be payable by the tendering Holder.
If satisfactory evidence of payment of such taxes or exemption therefrom is not
submitted herewith, the amount of such transfer taxes will be billed to the
tendering Holder by the Exchange Agent.

         EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN THIS INSTRUCTION 7, IT WILL NOT BE NECESSARY FOR
TRANSFER TAX STAMPS TO BE AFFIXED TO THE OUTSTANDING NOTES LISTED IN THE LETTER
OF TRANSMITTAL.

8.       WAIVER OF CONDITIONS.

         The Issuer reserves the right to waive, in whole or in part, any of the
conditions to the Exchange Offer set forth in the Prospectus.



                                                                              20

9.       MUTILATED, LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED OUTSTANDING NOTES.

         Any Holder whose Outstanding Notes have been mutilated, lost, stolen or
destroyed should promptly contact the Exchange Agent at the address set forth on
the first page hereof for further instructions. The Holder will then be
instructed as to the steps that must be taken in order to replace the
Certificate(s). This Letter of Transmittal and related documents cannot be
processed until the procedures for replacing lost, destroyed or stolen
Certificate(s) have been completed.

10.      QUESTIONS AND REQUEST FOR ASSISTANCE OR ADDITIONAL COPIES.

         Questions relating to the procedure for tendering as well as requests
for additional copies of the Prospectus and this Letter of Transmittal, may be
directed to the Exchange Agent at the address and telephone number set forth on
the first page hereof.

11.      VALIDITY AND FORM; NO CONDITIONAL TENDERS; NO NOTICE OF IRREGULARITIES.

         All questions as to the validity, form, eligibility (including time of
receipt), acceptance of tendered Outstanding Notes and withdrawal of tendered
Outstanding Notes will be determined by the Issuer in its sole discretion, which
determination will be final and binding. No alternative, conditional, irregular
or contingent tenders will be accepted. All tendering Holders, by execution of
this Letter of Transmittal, shall waive any right to receive notice of the
acceptance of their Outstanding Notes for exchange. The Issuer also reserves the
right, in its reasonable judgment, to waive any defects, irregularities or
conditions of tender as to particular Outstanding Notes. The Issuer's
interpretation of the terms and conditions of the Exchange Offer (including the
instructions in this Letter of Transmittal) will be final and binding on all
parties. Unless waived, any defects or irregularities in connection with tenders
of Outstanding Notes must be cured within such time as the Issuer shall
determine. Although the Issuer intends to notify Holders of defects or
irregularities with respect to tenders of Outstanding Notes, neither the Issuer,
the Exchange Agent nor any other person is under any obligation to give such
notice nor shall they incur any liability for failure to give such notification.
Tenders of Outstanding Notes will not be deemed to have been made until such
defects or irregularities have been cured or waived. Any Outstanding Notes
received by the Exchange Agent that are not properly tendered and as to which
the defects or irregularities have not been cured or waived will be returned by
the Exchange Agent to the tendering Holder as soon as practicable following the
Expiration Date.

                            IMPORTANT TAX INFORMATION

         Under U.S. federal income tax law, a Holder tendering Outstanding Notes
whose Outstanding Notes are accepted for exchange may be subject to backup
withholding unless the holder provides either (i) such Holder's correct taxpayer
identification ("TIN") on the Substitute Form W-9 above, certifying (A) that the
TIN provided on Substitute Form W-9 is correct (or that such Holder of
Outstanding Notes is awaiting a TIN), (B) that the Holder of Outstanding Notes
is not subject to backup withholding because (x) such Holder of Outstanding
Notes is exempt from backup withholding, (y) such Holder of Outstanding Notes
has not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service that he or she is subject
to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or
dividends or (z) the Internal Revenue Service has notified the Holder of



                                                                              21

Outstanding Notes that he or she is no longer subject to backup withholding and
(C) that the Holder of Outstanding Notes is a U.S. person (including a U.S.
resident alien); or (ii) an adequate basis for exemption from backup
withholding. If such Holder is an individual, the TIN is his or her social
security number. If the Exchange Agent is not provided with the correct TIN, the
Holder may be subject to certain penalties imposed by the Internal Revenue
Service and any payments that are made to such Holder may be subject to backup
withholding (see below).

         Certain Holders (including, among others, all corporations and certain
foreign individuals) are not subject to these backup withholding and reporting
requirements. However, exempt Holders of Outstanding Notes should indicate their
exempt status on Substitute Form W-9. For example, a corporation should complete
the Substitute Form W-9, providing its TIN and indicating that it is exempt from
backup withholding. In order for a foreign individual to qualify as an exempt
recipient, that Holder must submit a statement, signed under penalty of perjury,
attesting to that individual's exempt status (Form W-8BEN). Forms for such
statements can be obtained from the Exchange Agent. Holders are urged to consult
their own tax advisors to determine whether they are exempt from these backup
withholding and reporting requirements.

         If backup withholding applies, the Exchange Agent is required to
withhold 28% of any payments to be made to the Holder or other payee. Backup
withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, the tax liability of persons
subject to backup withholding will be reduced by the amount of tax withheld. If
withholding results in an overpayment of taxes, a refund may be obtained from
the Internal Revenue Service provided the required information is furnished. The
Exchange Agent cannot refund amounts withheld by reason of backup withholding.

         A Holder who does not have a TIN may check the box in Part 3 of the
Substitute Form W-9 if the Holder has applied for a number or intends to apply
for a TIN in the near future. If the box in Part 3 is checked, the Holder or
other payee must also complete the Certificate of Awaiting Taxpayer
Identification Number above in order to avoid backup withholding.
Notwithstanding that the box in Part 3 is checked and the Certificate of
Awaiting Taxpayer Identification Number is completed, the Exchange Agent will
withhold 28% of all payments made prior to the time a properly certified TIN is
provided to the Exchange Agent and, if the Exchange Agent is not provided with a
TIN within 60 days, such amounts will be paid over to the Internal Revenue
Service.

         The Holder of Outstanding Notes is required to give the Exchange Agent
the TIN (e.g., social security number or employer identification number) of the
record owner of the Outstanding Notes. If the Outstanding Notes are in more than
one name or are not in the name of the actual owner, consult the enclosed
"Guidelines for Certification of Taxpayer Identification Number on Substitute
Form W-9" for additional guidance on which number to report.

IMPORTANT: THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL OR A FACSIMILE THEREOF (TOGETHER WITH
OUTSTANDING NOTES OR CONFIRMATION OF BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER AND ALL OTHER REQUIRED
DOCUMENTS) OR A NOTICE OF GUARANTEED DELIVERY MUST BE RECEIVED BY THE EXCHANGE
AGENT ON OR PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION DATE.