UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
[X] Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2001
OR
[ ] Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
Commission file number 0-6272
DATUM INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 95-2512237
(State or other jurisdiction (I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
9975 Toledo Way, Irvine, California 92618
(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (949) 598-7500
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registered
- ------------------- -----------------------------------------
None None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
COMMON STOCK
------------
(Title of Class)
---------------------------
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405
of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. [X]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the
Registrant, based upon the closing sales price of the Common Stock as of March
13, 2002, was approximately $79,658,168.
The number of outstanding shares of the Registrant's Common Stock as of March
13, 2002 was 6,232,242.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of Registrant's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders
to be held on May 30, 2002 (to be filed with the Commission within 120 days of
December 31, 2001): Part III, Items 10-13.
INTRODUCTORY NOTE
This Annual Report on Form 10-K (this "Report") contains certain forward-looking
statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Datum Inc. ("Datum" or
the "Company") intends that such forward-looking statements be subject to the
safe harbors created thereby. All statements other than statements of historical
fact included in this Report, including, without limitation, the statements
under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations" and "Business" regarding: the Company's ability to design,
develop, manufacture and market products, the ability of the Company's products
to maintain commercial acceptance, the Company's ability to achieve new product
commercialization, the anticipated growth of its target markets, its ability to
maintain profitability, and other matters are forward-looking statements.
Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in such
forward-looking statements are reasonable at this time, it can give no assurance
that such expectations will prove to have been correct. The Company makes no
undertaking to correct or update any such statements in the future. Important
factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the Company's
expectations ("Cautionary Statements") are set forth in "Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Business"
and particularly the risk factors set forth therein. All subsequent written and
oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on
its behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the Cautionary
Statements.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
GENERAL
We are a leading supplier of precise timing solutions for
telecommunications and computing networks, satellite systems, electronic
commerce, and test and measurement applications. We design, manufacture or
contract for manufacture, and market a wide variety of high-performance time and
frequency products for telecommunications systems, enterprise computing
networks, time stamping for electronic commerce, satellites and a variety of
other test and measurement applications. Our products are used to synchronize
the flow of information in telecommunications networks and numerous other
applications.
In 1971, we invented the rubidium oscillator. Since that time, we have
manufactured time and frequency devices, such as cesium clocks, for satellites,
including Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites -- the orbiting network of
satellites that provide pinpoint timing and navigation information to military,
transportation industry and other government and commercial users worldwide.
In addition, we provide time and frequency products and systems for a
wide range of scientific and industrial test and measurement applications,
including missile guidance, geographic mapping and electric utility operations.
Through the manipulation of cesium or rubidium atoms or quartz crystals, or by
capturing cesium or rubidium-based signals transmitted from GPS satellites, our
products generate highly precise timing and frequency information. Using this
technology, our products can provide accurate time to within a fraction of one
second over 100,000 years.
We also supply approximately 65% of the high-precision rubidium atomic
clocks used in the network base stations that channel communications over
cellular telephone and other personal communications services, such as pagers.
The market for our communications network time and frequency products are
currently expanding as a result of the conversion from analog to digital systems
and as a result of the expansion of cellular and personal communications systems
networks.
We are currently exploring market opportunities for new application for
our timing technologies. One of these opportunities is encrypted trusted time.
In order for businesses to be able to conduct an increasing variety of
transactions over the Internet, businesses need to be able to verify that the
electronic commerce transactions took place between the parties thereto and are
legally enforceable. Encrypted trusted time is a new application for our
precision timing technology for which we are developing hardware and software
products that will provide irrefutable time stamps for electronic commerce
transactions. This capability will provide legally admissible evidence that the
transaction in question took place between the parties.
We were incorporated in California in 1959 and reincorporated in
Delaware in 1987. Our principal executive offices are located at 9975 Toledo
Way, Irvine, California 92618-1819, and our telephone number is (949) 598-7500.
Our web site is located at http://www.datum.com/.
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MARKETS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Telecommunications systems are comprised of numerous interconnected
networks employing many different transmission technologies. The traditional
telephone network -- i.e., telephones physically connected to one another by
telephone lines laid underground or over telephone poles -- is itself a series
of networks connected through numerous switches that allow voice, data and video
traffic to be transmitted to their ultimate destinations. Because these
traditional networks utilize physical connections, they are called "wireline"
networks in our industry. On the other hand, "wireless" networks, which connect
cellular phones and other personal communications systems, rely on microwave
radio transmissions, rather than transmission over wires, for part of the
communications connection. However, wireless networks are also connected to
components of the wireline network through switches. In order for the overall
telecommunications system, and the various components within that system, to
operate efficiently, each network must be synchronized and operate within
extremely narrow frequency tolerances. Accurate and precise time and frequency
devices are necessary at all levels of the telecommunications system to ensure
proper synchronization, connections and quality of service.
WIRELESS CELLULAR. Cellular telecommunications networks consist of
numerous cells located throughout a service area, each with its own base station
connected by wire or microwave radio to the wireline network through a network
switch. Originally, cellular networks used analog technology and frequency
division multiple access to fit more channels into existing frequency bands.
This requires accurate frequency control at the base station level, which is
accomplished through the use of the quartz or higher precision rubidium
oscillators we manufacture.
In order to improve transmission quality, increase network capacity and
expand network coverage, many network operators are converting the older analog
networks to digital technology and expanding their digital wireless networks.
Currently, the three leading digital technologies are Time Division Multiple
Access, Code Division Multiple Access and Global System for Mobile
Communications. In each of these transmission protocols, calls are segmented,
transmitted over a wider spectrum of bandwidth and reassembled by the applicable
receiver within the network. As a result of the segmentation/reassembling
process, signal degradation from improper synchronization is more likely to
result in dropped calls and loss of data than would occur in analog networks.
Dropped calls decrease network efficiency and capacity because they require
retransmission. In order to minimize the problems resulting from improper
synchronization, many cellular operators utilize highly precise timing equipment
located at each base station and its associated network switch.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES. Personal communications
services were developed, in part, to provide an improved quality of wireless
service and accommodate the increasing volume of transmissions utilizing
wireless networks. These systems operate in a manner similar to cellular
networks, but at a much higher frequency. As a result, personal communications
services networks require a greater number of lower powered "microcells,"
located more closely together. As in cellular networks, time and frequency
devices are necessary in personal communications services systems in order to
synchronize the flow of voice and data transmissions. The base station in each
personal communications services microcell and network switch connected to the
wireline network requires one or more stable, reliable timing devices to ensure
accurate synchronization.
WIRELINE. The wireline sector of the telecommunications market has
experienced increased need for high-accuracy timing and frequency equipment
primarily as a result of the upgrading of existing networks from analog to
digital and the installation of new wireline networks. The wireline sector
currently consists of numerous networks and lines, which are connected by
switches that provide a transferring mechanism to route transmissions to their
ultimate destinations. In order to transfer voice, data or video traffic from
one line or network to another, both lines or segments of the network must
operate at the same frequency within a very narrow tolerance. Increased demand
for higher capacity, higher speed and more accurate information flow has
required the transition of wireline networks from analog to digital systems.
Imperfect synchronization in an analog system may result merely in static or
delayed communication. The failure to synchronize the components in digital
networks, however, may result in the loss of information, requiring
retransmission and thus decreasing network efficiency, and increasing the costs
to the network operator. As a result, digital systems have a greater need for
accurate synchronization, which is accomplished through the use of precise
timing devices located throughout the networks.
The wireline sector of the telecommunications market is also growing.
Operators are expanding their networks in order to meet growing demand for
telecommunications services. In developing countries, new wireline networks are
being installed to provide basic telephony service. Increased demand for new
services and government deregulation has encouraged the development of expanded
networks in developing countries, particularly in the local exchange and long
distance markets. Accordingly, the expansion of wireline networks has led to an
increased need for timing devices to synchronize the flow of information and
maximize the efficiency of the networks.
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ELECTRONIC COMMERCE
Our electronic commerce mission is to build information technology (IT)
solutions that meet increasing demand for secure and auditable electronic time
stamps, synchronized IT business infrastructures and secure information
distribution. The Internet is rapidly accelerating the transformation of "paper
to bits" for organizations and is creating operational, security, and auditing
challenges that have never before arisen.
In the paper world, the parties' agreement to be bound by the
transaction is evidenced by a signature, a notary's certification, a canceled
check, a postage mark or the like. In the electronic world, "time stamping," or
the log record of when an electronic transmission occurred, is widely used in
conjunction with e-commerce applications to tie together the who to the when.
However, there is no security associated to prevent the recorded time stamp from
being changed and no audit information contained within the time-stamp. Most
time-stamps are derived from inaccurate and easily manipulated internal clocks
on servers and network devices, many of which are not kept accurate, much less
synchronized with other computers. With the rapid adoption of electronic
commerce, the security and auditability of the present time-stamping methods is
proving weak and inadequate. The ability to track an electronic transaction's
time delivery is important because without the benefit of a secure and auditable
time stamp, records of the related transaction may have differing time stamps,
opening up the transaction to questions as to whether it occurred.
Our Trusted Time(TM) is a suite of products that will provide a secure
and auditable time stamp for e-commerce transactions. Trusted Time enables any
electronic transaction or log, including digital signatures, stock purchases,
document filings and invoice payments, to have a certifiable, traceable, and
verifiable time stamp. This technology enables end-user organizations or Digital
Trust Authorities to deploy a world-class, secure time stamp solution within
their IT infrastructure to create a irrefutable electronic audit trail for
time-stamps.
The authenticity, traceability and verifiability provided to electronic
time stamps by Trusted Time's security and audit features significantly improve
the evidentiary value of time stamping. The Trusted Time solution is comprised
of our Trusted Master Clocks and Trusted Local Clocks, specialized software and
secure network timing devices that will be linked to National Timing
Authorities. These authorities include the National Institute of Standards and
Technology in the United States, the National Physics Laboratory in the United
Kingdom, and the Products and Standards Bureau in Singapore.
Electronic transactions and logs now have a complex interdependency on
multiple servers and network appliances. This complex environment is generating
a need for all IT components participating in electronic commerce to have their
internal clocks synchronized to a world standard time. Fortunately, through
established international agreement, this time is available anywhere in the
world and is referred to as UTC time or Universal Coordinated Time. Our TymServe
NTP time-server product has been the pioneer solution for IT synchronization to
UTC time.
TIME AND FREQUENCY TECHNOLOGY
Three sources of timing and frequency information are generally used
within telecommunications and commercial applications: cesium standards,
rubidium oscillators and quartz oscillators. In addition, telecommunications and
commercial applications can obtain timing and frequency information from
external sources through GPS satellite receivers that capture and process timing
information generated by satellite-based cesium and rubidium timing devices.
We design, manufacture and market cesium standards, rubidium
oscillators, quartz oscillators and GPS satellite receivers in numerous
configurations for telecommunications and commercial applications, depending on
the desired application. Our products are the result of substantial research and
development performed in the areas of atomic physics, electronics engineering
and software design. We design and manufacture our own physics packages, through
which cesium or rubidium is energized as part of the frequency detection and
control process. We also design the electronic packages for our own products,
which are necessary to convert the signal generated by the physics package into
highly stable electronic pulses.
Cesium Standards
The most stable and accurate timing devices in widespread use are based
on the resonance of cesium atoms. Cesium standards operate by energizing a
reserve of cesium atoms with microwave energy at a precise frequency. At this
frequency, due to the atomic structure of cesium, some of the cesium atoms
experience a change in energy state. Once "excited," these atoms are directed to
a collector through the use of focusing magnets. This results in an increased
atomic flow. Since the flow of atoms does not increase unless the cesium atoms
are excited at exactly the correct frequency, the detection of the increased
atomic flow by the collector indicates that the desired frequency has been
obtained. The highly stable frequency is then captured by the standard's
electronics package and generated as a series of user outputs. Cesium clocks are
used as international primary reference standards and are stable to within a
fraction of one second over 100,000 years. We provide time and frequency cesium
standards for network switches within wireline networks.
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RUBIDIUM AND QUARTZ OSCILLATORS
rubidium oscillators combine sophisticated glassware, light detection
devices and electronics packages to generate a highly stable frequency output.
rubidium, when energized by a specific radio frequency, will absorb less light.
The oscillator's electronics package generates this specific frequency and the
light detection device ensures, through monitoring the decreased absorption of
light by the rubidium and the use of feedback control loops, that this specific
frequency is maintained. This highly stable frequency is then captured by the
electronic package and generated as an output signal. rubidium oscillators
provide atomic oscillator stability, somewhat less stable than cesium over long
durations, but generally at lower cost and in smaller packages.
Quartz oscillators utilize the unique physical properties of quartz
crystals. Applying a voltage potential across a properly prepared quartz crystal
causes the crystal to vibrate and generate an electric signal with a relatively
stable frequency. Quartz oscillators consist of specially prepared synthetic
quartz crystals and associated electronics to apply the voltage and generate the
frequency signal. Quartz oscillators provide a less stable frequency than
rubidium oscillators, but are available at a substantially lower cost.
We provide rubidium and quartz oscillators for telecommunications
markets. These oscillators operate as stand-alone frequency sources in cellular
phone and personal communications services base stations and network switches or
are combined with our GPS satellite receivers to provide timing information in
the event of a loss of signal.
GPS SATELLITE RECEIVERS
Stable and accurate timing and frequency information is also obtained
through the use of GPS satellite receivers, which capture timing information
from cesium standards or rubidium oscillators aboard GPS satellites. GPS
satellite receivers are typically used in systems integrated with quartz or
rubidium oscillators that provide consistent timing output in the event the
receiver loses the external satellite-based signal. We supply cesium standards
for GPS satellites that transmit precise timing information and GPS satellite
receivers that receive and process the satellite timing transmissions throughout
wireless and wireline networks.
OTHER APPLICATIONS
We are also a leading supplier of time and frequency products for the
overall telecommunications system, for satellite applications, enterprise
computing networks, and for a variety of other test and measurement
applications. In addition to telecommunications applications, our timing
products help ensure that enterprise computing networks operate in a
synchronized manner. We provide quartz oscillators for a variety of satellite
programs and test and measurement products used for a variety of applications,
including missile guidance, geographic mapping and electric utility operations.
PRODUCTS
Our products generate highly precise timing and frequency information
through the manipulation of cesium or rubidium atoms or quartz crystals, or by
capturing cesium or rubidium-based signals from GPS satellite transmissions.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS PRODUCTS
WIRELESS-CELLULAR AND PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES PRODUCTS.
Cellular and personal communications services networks require both accurate
frequency control and timing information. We provide a variety of products to
meet these needs.
QUARTZ AND RUBIDIUM CLOCKS. For analog cellular and Global System for
Mobile Communications applications, we provide highly cost-effective quartz
oscillator clocking units to synchronize the transmissions of voice and data
traffic at the base-station level. For customers requiring a more stable timing
source, we provide rubidium clocks.
GPS DISCIPLINED CLOCKS. Considerably more stable timing sources are
required to maintain base stations' clocking integrity for digital Time Division
Multiple Access and Code Division Multiple Access applications. To meet this
need, we provide GPS time and frequency receivers that capture cesium or
rubidium-based time signals produced by GPS satellites. GPS receivers combine
the external cesium or rubidium-based timing signals with internal rubidium or
quartz oscillators to provide consistent timing output in the event the receiver
loses the external signal.
5
WIRELINE PRODUCTS
Wireline telecommunications network synchronization systems involve two
principal components. First, a primary frequency reference provides an accurate
frequency source. Second, a timing signal generator provides control, management
and distribution of the timing signals required for network operations.
CESIUM BEAM PRIMARY REFERENCE SOURCES. Primary Reference Sources
generate the most stable frequency output in general commercial use. They also
provide cesium-based stability at the central offices of wireline networks for
distribution of timing and frequency information to other components within the
networks.
GPS PRIMARY REFERENCE RECEIVERS. Primary Reference Receivers capture
and process time and frequency signals from GPS satellites. Integrated rubidium
or quartz oscillators back up the external frequency source to maintain timing
accuracy during periods of loss of signal. Typically, a Primary Reference
Receiver would be installed in telecommunications network switches to provide a
stable frequency at the network switch level. Thus, this installation would
allow transmissions to be efficiently processed with minimal degradation or
retransmission requirements.
TIMING SIGNAL GENERATORS. Distribution of network synchronization
information is achieved through timing signals embedded within the flow of
network communications. These network communications are referenced to the
primary frequency source, such as our Primary Reference Source at the central
office, or to a Primary Reference Receiver at the network switch level. In the
event of the loss of the reference frequency, our timing signal generators can
maintain switch and network synchronization quality for extended time periods by
using internal high-stability rubidium and quartz oscillators as "holdover"
clocking sources.
END OFFICE PRIMARY REFERENCES. Our End Office Primary References
combines a Primary Reference Receiver with a timing signal generator in a single
cost-effective unit. This unit is designed for use where fewer
telecommunications lines require timing inputs.
ENTERPRISE COMPUTING PRODUCTS
Our products provide accurate time-stamping of information flowing
through enterprise computing networks.
GPS TIME SERVERS. Our time servers, which are installed in enterprise
computing networks, acquire UTC time from GPS satellite transmissions. The
worldwide coverage of GPS allows all server-equipped sites to operate with time
data that is uniform to within a few milliseconds, thereby allowing
time-sensitive information input at one location to be meaningfully analyzed at
any other site in the network. In a typical application of this technology, the
Securities Industry Automation Corporation, which supports member firms of the
New York Stock Exchange, uses our time servers to accurately time-annotate stock
transactions.
COMPUTER TIME MODULES. Our computer time modules acquire time from
external sources, such as GPS satellites, to perform a variety of timing
functions within the host computer. Our computer time modules have a high degree
of accuracy. Physically packaged as computer plug-in units and chip sets, our
products are functionally configured to operate under program control as any
other data-bus-linked component of the user's data system. We also produce
modules for International Business Machine Inc.'s PC compatible computers and
computers manufactured by Sun Microsystems and Digital Equipment Corporation.
Furthermore, we produce modules for VME and VXI bus architectures. We market our
computer modules in both fully configured forms and as board products and
chipsets for use by OEM and value-added resellers. Computer time modules are
also marketed for use in stand-alone computers and workstations used for test
and measurement applications.
ELECTRONIC COMMERCE PRODUCTS
TRUSTED TIME. We are developing a suite of products that provides
e-businesses with secure and auditable time stamps. Trusted Time enables any
electronic transaction to have a certifiable, traceable, and verifiable time
stamp.
TYMSERVE. TymServe NTP time servers enable companies to ensure the
integrity of e-business operations through computer system and component
synchronization. The TymServe network time server meets the rapidly evolving
need for precise synchronization in Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol enterprises and Local Area Networks. It operates as a rack-mounted,
stand-alone time serving device providing UTC time within an organization's
firewall. Offering a variety of time sources including GPS and dial-up services,
as well as high performance crystal or very high performance rubidium
oscillators, ensures systems are always synchronized to standard UTC time.
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SATELLITE PRODUCTS
We provide time and frequency products for a variety of satellites used
for communications, navigation, television, and military applications. Our
products are designed around our core technology and are highly durable so as to
meet the demanding requirements of space.
CESIUM CLOCKS. Our cesium clocks are installed aboard each of the
twenty-four GPS satellites now operating in space. Because these satellites have
a life expectancy of approximately 7.5 years, it is necessary that additional
units be designed to be available as replenishment.
QUARTZ CLOCKS. We produce and market a broad line of lightweight,
highly stable quartz clocks, particularly suited for space applications. Space
qualified versions of these quartz units are aboard satellites used for
inter-planetary study, missile tracking and weather monitoring and forecasting,
as well as communications and other applications.
TEST AND MEASUREMENT PRODUCTS
Our timing and frequency technology was initially developed to create
instrumentation for defense and aerospace applications. This technology
continues to be utilized in test and measurement products for a wide range of
scientific and industrial applications, including missile guidance, precise
geographic mapping and electric utility operation.
ATOMIC FREQUENCY SOURCES
We also produce and market atomic reference frequency sources for a
wide variety of commercial and scientific applications.
CESIUM FREQUENCY STANDARDS. We have developed a broad line of cesium
frequency products for numerous applications that require a constant frequency
reference. Electric utilities use our cesium frequency standards to set the
frequency of electric power. Other uses include master timing stations for
telecommunications networks, global navigation, satellite communications,
missile guidance, and precise geographic mapping for offshore oil exploration
and accurate placement of offshore oil drilling platforms. Furthermore, we also
supply spare and replacement cesium tubes for a broad segment of the industry.
RUBIDIUM OSCILLATORS. In addition to their widespread use in the
telecommunications industry, our rubidium oscillators have a number of other
specific applications, such as frequency control for television networks,
Doppler radar, satellite tracking and guidance and laboratory instrumentation.
Our rubidium oscillator lines include military qualified models designed for
high stability and reliability in adverse environments. Our newer models feature
lower profiles and are on standard plug-in circuit cards specifically designed
for ease of integration.
GPS SATELLITE TIME AND FREQUENCY RECEIVERS
Our GPS satellite receivers, in addition to their use in
telecommunications markets, are used in a wide variety of other applications.
Electric utilities use our GPS satellite receivers to determine the exact
geographical location of transmission line faults by comparing the times at
which the fault is detected at various stations in the power distribution
network. This eliminates the need to visually search along the right-of-way.
Other customers utilize our GPS satellite receivers to distribute highly
accurate time to multiple sites in order to synchronize the recording of
simultaneous test data, such as during missile testing or astronomical
observations. Besides our fully configured GPS satellite receivers, we also
manufacture board level modules for original equipment manufacturer
applications.
TIME CODE INSTRUMENTATION PRODUCTS
In addition to the time and frequency standards described above, we
manufacture and market a line of products that process or utilize basic time and
frequency information for various applications. The time is generated from
either an internal or external frequency reference in the form of digital codes
tailored to specific applications, usually to time-annotated data recording or
transmission. To correspond with the time generating equipment described above,
we make devices that "read" the coded time, transmitting it to computers,
displays, or other devices where the recording of accurate time is required.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
We believe that our success depends largely on our ability to maintain
technological leadership through enhancements of existing products and
development of new products that meet a wide range of customer needs. We focus
our research and development efforts on improving the core physics and
electronics packages of our time and frequency products. Specifically,
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we are conducting research and development in three areas: developing new time
and frequency technologies, improving product manufacturability, and enhancing
software functionality.
Although we maintain an active development program to improve our
product offerings, including specific goals of smaller product size and lower
unit cost, we cannot assure you that such efforts will be successful. Moreover,
we cannot assure you that our new products will achieve customer acceptance or
that our customers' products will achieve market acceptance. We may fail to
develop, or introduce on a timely basis, new products, or product enhancements
that achieve market acceptance which could adversely affect our business,
operating results and financial condition. We cannot assure you that we will be
successful in selecting, developing, manufacturing and marketing new products or
enhancing our existing products on a timely or cost-effective basis.
Research and development expenses totaled $13.7 million, $15.3 million
and $15.2 million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
CUSTOMERS
Lucent Technologies, Inc., our largest customer, accounted for
approximately 20%, 33% and 33% of our net sales for the years ended December 31,
2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. No other customer accounted for more than 10%
of sales during the same periods. Our five largest customers accounted for
approximately 37%, 48% and 45% of our net sales during the same periods,
respectively.
MARKETING, DISTRIBUTION AND INTERNATIONAL SALES
The Company's marketing efforts are focused on establishing and
developing long-term relationships with potential customers. Sales cycles for
certain of the Company's products, particularly for its larger
telecommunications timing systems, are lengthy, and can range up to 36 months.
Sales are typically made through standard purchase orders that can be subject to
cancellation, postponement or other types of delays. Much of the Company's sales
occur through independent sales representatives and distributors that target the
specific markets that they serve. Corporate personnel in the United States and
Germany provide additional direct sales and marketing support for larger
accounts.
Export sales of the Company's products were approximately 31%, 25% and
25% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively. The Company expects that international revenues will continue to
account for a significant percentage of the Company's total sales for the
foreseeable future. As a result, the Company is subject to various risks, which
include: economic instability in the United States and internationally; a
greater difficulty of administering its business globally; compliance with
multiple and potentially conflicting regulatory requirements such as export
requirements, tariffs and other barriers; differences in intellectual property
protections; health and safety requirements; difficulties in staffing and
managing foreign operations; longer accounts receivable cycles; currency
fluctuations; restrictions against the repatriation of earnings; export control
restrictions; overlapping or differing tax structures; political instability and
general trade restrictions. There can be no assurance that any of the foregoing
factors will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
results of operations and financial condition.
See "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk."
COMPETITION
Intense competition exists among manufacturers of time and frequency
products, and the Company believes that competition in the Company's markets
from both new and existing competitors will increase in the future. The Company
competes principally in several specialized market segments against a limited
number of companies, some of which are more established, enjoy higher name
recognition and possess far greater financial, technological and marketing
resources than the Company. The Company currently competes principally on the
basis of the performance and quality of its products, including reliability, as
well as on cost and timely manufacture and delivery. While the Company believes
that overall it competes favorably with respect to the foregoing elements, there
can be no assurance that it will continue to be able to do so.
In the cellular and PCS markets, the Company competes primarily with
Frequency Electronics, Inc., and various other quartz oscillator manufacturers.
In the wireline market, the Company competes primarily with Symmetricom, Inc.,
and Oscilloquartz SA. In the enterprise computing market, the Company competes
primarily with Tech-Sym Corp., Odetics, Inc. and True-Time, Inc. In the cesium
standards market, the Company competes primarily with Agilent Technologies, Inc.
and Frequency Electronics, Inc. In the rubidium oscillators market, the Company
competes primarily with Frequency Electronics, Inc. In addition, certain
companies, such as EG&G, Inc. that currently manufacture products exclusively
for use in military applications, could enter commercial markets, and compete
directly with the Company. In the electronic commerce market, the Company's
pioneering efforts do not have defined competitors at this time. There can be no
assurance that the Company
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will be able to compete successfully in the future against existing or new
competitors, that new technologies will not reduce the demand for its products
or that it will be able to adapt successfully to changes in the markets served
by its products. In addition, there can be no assurance that competitive
pressures will not cause the Company to reduce prices, which would negatively
affect gross margins and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
results of operations and financial condition.
BACKLOG
The Company's backlog of orders was approximately $22.7 million on
December 31, 2001, compared to approximately $40.9 million a year earlier. The
decrease was primarily due to decreased demand in both the wireless and wireline
markets. The Company considers as backlog all orders that are expected to ship
to customers within a 6-month period.
GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS
The Company believes that approximately 16% of its sales in 2001 were
made either directly to United States government agencies or indirectly to U.S.
government agencies through subcontracts as compared to approximately 7% in 2000
and 10% in 1999 for these sales. Because several of the Company's customers are
involved in commercial as well as governmental activities, it is difficult to
accurately determine the percentage of its business attributable to the U.S.
government.
MANUFACTURING
The Company manufactures its products at its plants in Irvine,
California; Austin, Texas; Beverly, Massachusetts; and Hofolding, Germany. The
Company's Irvine, Austin and Beverly facilities have received ISO 9001
certification. The Company's Irvine facility has also received TL 9000
certification. The manufacturing process involves the assembly of numerous
individual components by technically oriented production personnel. The parts
and materials used by the Company consist primarily of printed circuit boards,
fabricated housings, relays, and small electric circuit components, such as
integrated circuits, semiconductors, resistors and capacitors. The Company also
manufactures the physics packages for its cesium and rubidium oscillators. The
Company manufactures products to fill firm orders and to meet forecasts received
from its major customers. In some cases, as a result of customer requirements
and the long manufacturing process of certain of the Company's products, the
Company maintains up to four weeks of forecasted amounts in finished goods
inventory and up to an additional eight weeks of forecasted amounts in
work-in-process inventory.
The deregulation of the energy industry instituted in 1996 by the
California government has caused power prices to increase. Under deregulation,
utilities were encouraged to sell their plants, which traditionally had produced
most of California's power, to independent energy companies that were expected
to compete aggressively on price. Instead, due in part to a shortage of supply,
wholesale prices have skyrocketed over the past year. If wholesale prices
continue to increase, the operating expenses associated with our facilities
located in California will likely increase which would harm our results of
operations.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
The Company seeks to protect certain key technologies through U.S. and
foreign patents and by maintaining such technologies as trade secrets. The
Company has licenses under various other patents. While the Company believes
that its patents and licenses have value, it does not regard any such patents or
licenses as essential to its business or to the maintenance of its competitive
position. Accordingly, the Company does not have any material patent protection
on its technology. To the extent that it depends on proprietary information it
primarily relies on the protections afforded to trade secrets. There can be no
assurance that others will not independently develop or otherwise acquire
equivalent technology or that the Company can maintain such technology as trade
secrets. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect the
Company's proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United
States. The failure of the Company to protect its intellectual property rights
could have a material adverse effect on its business, operating results and
financial condition.
From time to time the Company has received communications from third
parties asserting that features of certain of its products may infringe upon the
intellectual property rights of such third parties. Although the Company makes
reasonable efforts to ensure that its products do not violate the intellectual
property rights of others, there can be no assurance that patent or other
intellectual property infringement claims will not be asserted against the
Company in the future. Although patent and intellectual property disputes may be
settled through licensing or similar arrangements, costs associated with such
arrangements may be substantial and there can be no assurance that necessary
licenses would be available to the Company on satisfactory terms or at all.
Accordingly, an adverse determination in a judicial or administrative proceeding
or failure to obtain necessary licenses could prevent the Company from
manufacturing and selling certain of its products, which would have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations. In addition, should the
9
Company decide to, or be forced to, litigate such claims, such litigation could
be expensive and time consuming, could divert management's attention from other
matters and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
operating results and financial condition, regardless of the outcome of the
litigation.
EMPLOYEES
The Company had 573 employees at December 31, 2001, including 430
employees engaged in product development and support, 81 engaged in sales and
marketing, and 62 engaged in general and administrative activities. No employees
are represented by a union. The Company believes its relations with its
employees are good.
RISK FACTORS
RISKS RELATED TO OUR CUSTOMERS
A significant amount of sales comes from our top customers.
A relatively small number of customers has historically accounted for,
and is expected to continue to account for, a significant portion of our net
sales in any given fiscal period. Our largest customer, Lucent Technologies,
Inc., accounted for approximately 20%, 33% and 33% of net sales for the years
ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Our five largest customers
accounted for approximately 37%, 48% and 45% of net sales during the same
periods, respectively. We believe that our major customers continually evaluate
whether to purchase time and frequency products from alternate or additional
sources. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that a major customer will not
reduce, delay or eliminate its purchases from us. Any such reduction, delay or
loss in orders could harm our business. Major customers also have significant
leverage and may attempt to change the terms, including pricing, upon which we
and such customers do business, which could have a negative effect on our
earnings and harm our business.
The telecommunications manufacturing industry, from which we derive a
significant amount of our revenue, has experienced a general economic downturn,
and such downturn has significantly weakened the financial condition of some of
our top customers. Our largest customer, Lucent Technologies, Inc., experienced
a 26% decline in total revenues for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 as
compared to the same period in 2000, and experienced a net loss of $16.2 billion
in fiscal 2001 as compared to net income of $1.2 billion in fiscal 2000. For the
quarter ended December 31, 2001, Lucent experienced an 18% decline in revenue as
compared to the comparable quarter in 2000. Lucent's loss for the quarter ended
December 31, 2001 was $0.4 billion as compared to $0.5 billion for the quarter
ended December 31, 2000. In addition, on August 1, 2001, Standard and Poor's cut
Lucent's short-term corporate credit and debt ratings to "C" from "B" and
Lucent's long-term corporate credit, bank loan and senior unsecured debt ratings
two notches each to "BB-minus," its third-highest junk grade. If Lucent and our
other major telecommunications manufacturing customers continue to experience
losses, they may be unable to pay us money owed under existing agreements or may
terminate or cut back on their purchase arrangements with us. In addition, the
continued decline of the telecommunications industry could delay decisions among
certain of our customers to renew their agreements or relationships with us or
could delay decisions by prospective customers to make initial evaluations of
our products. Reductions or delays in expenditures for our products or
nonpayment for our products could have a material adverse effect on our business
and results of operations.
Contracting with the United States government entails special risks.
Approximately 16% of our sales in fiscal 2001 were made either to
United States government agencies or indirectly to United States government
agencies through subcontracts. Government-related contracts and subcontracts are
subject to standard provisions for termination at the convenience of the
government. In such event, however, we are generally entitled to reimbursement
of costs incurred on the basis of work completed plus other amounts specified in
each individual contract. These contracts and subcontracts are either fixed
price or cost reimbursable contracts. Fixed-price contracts provide fixed
compensation for specified work. Under cost reimbursable contracts, we agree to
perform specified work in return for reimbursement of costs (to the extent
allowable under government regulations) and a specified fee. In general, while
the risk of loss is greater under fixed-price contracts than under cost
reimbursable contracts, the potential for profit under fixed-price contracts is
greater than under cost reimbursable contracts.
Economic, political and other risks associated with international sales
and operations could adversely affect our sales.
Since we sell our products worldwide, our business is subject to risks
associated with doing business internationally. Our export sales, which were
primarily to Western Europe, Latin America, the Far East, and Canada accounted
for 31% of our net sales in fiscal 2001, 25% of our net sales in fiscal 2000,
and 25% of our net sales in fiscal 1999. We anticipate that revenue from
international operations will continue to represent a substantial portion of our
total revenue. In addition, some of
10
our manufacturing facilities and suppliers are located outside the United
States. Accordingly, our future results could be harmed by a variety of factors,
including:
- changes in foreign currency exchange rates
- changes in a specific country's or region's political or economic
conditions
- trade protection measures and import or export licensing
requirements
- potentially negative consequences from changes in tax laws
- difficulty in staffing and managing widespread operations
- differing labor regulations
- differing protection of intellectual property
- unexpected changes in regulatory requirements
RISKS RELATED TO OUR OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL RESULTS
Fluctuations in our quarterly operating results may cause our stock
price to decline.
Given the nature of the markets in which we participate, we cannot
reliably predict future revenue and profitability, and unexpected changes may
cause us to adjust our operations. A high proportion of our costs are fixed, due
in part to our significant sales, research and development and manufacturing
costs. Thus, relatively small declines in revenue could disproportionately
affect our operating results in a quarter. Other factors that could affect our
quarterly operating results include:
- competitive pressures resulting in lower selling prices;
- changes in the relative portion of our revenue represented by our
various products and customers;
- changes in the timing of product orders; and
- our inability to forecast revenue in a given quarter from large
system sales.
We have limited backlog and a limited view of when a sale will be
completed which may affect sales in any given period.
We consider all orders that are expected to be shipped to customers
within a 6-month period as backlog. As part of our close working relationship
with our major original equipment manufacturer customers, such customers expect
us to respond quickly to changes in the volume and delivery schedule of their
time and frequency product requirements and to inventory products at our
facilities for just-in-time delivery to their customers. Therefore, although
contracts with such customers typically specify aggregate volumes of products to
be purchased over an extended time period, such contracts also provide that
scheduled shipment dates of particular volumes are generally released to us only
days or a few weeks prior to the required delivery date to original equipment
manufacturer customers. As a result of possible changes in product delivery
schedules, cancellations of orders and potential delays in product shipments and
orders received for products shipped in the same quarter, our backlog at any
particular date may not necessarily be representative of actual sales for any
succeeding period.
We rely on single-sources for various components and we have
experienced delays in obtaining needed standard parts, single source components
and services from our suppliers.
We currently procure various components from single-sources due to
unique component designs as well as certain quality and performance
requirements. If single-sourced components were to become unavailable on terms
satisfactory to us, we would be required to purchase comparable components from
other sources. If for any reason we could not obtain comparable replacement
components from other sources in a timely manner, our business results of
operations and financial condition could be harmed. In addition, many of our
suppliers require long lead-times to deliver requested quantities of components.
If we are unable to obtain sufficient quantities of components to manufacture
our time or frequency products, there could be delays or reductions in product
shipments which could have a material adverse effect on our business, result of
operations and financial condition. Due to rapid changes in semiconductor and
other technology, on occasion one or more of the electronic components used in
our products have become unavailable, resulting in unanticipated redesign and
related delays in shipments. We cannot assure you that we will not experience
similar delays in the future, the occurrence of which could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If demand for our products does not match our manufacturing capacity,
our earnings may suffer.
Because we cannot quickly adapt our production and related cost
structures to rapidly changing market conditions, if demand does not meet our
expectations, our manufacturing capacity will exceed our production
requirements. The fixed costs
11
associated with excess manufacturing capacity will adversely affect our
earnings. Conversely, if our manufacturing capacity does not keep pace with
product demand, or if we experience difficulties in obtaining parts or
components needed for manufacturing, we will not be able to fulfill orders in a
timely manner which in turn may have a negative effect on our earnings and
overall business.
Inventory risks could impact our gross margin.
Although we believe that we currently have appropriate provisions for
inventory that has declined in value, become obsolete or is in excess of
anticipated demand, we cannot be sure that such provisions will be adequate. In
some instances, as a result of customer requirements and the long manufacturing
process of some of our products, we maintain up to four weeks of forecasted
amounts in finished goods inventory and up to an additional eight weeks of
forecasted amounts in work-in-process inventory. Our business could be
materially harmed, if significant inventories become obsolete or are otherwise
not able to be sold at favorable prices.
RISKS RELATED TO TECHNOLOGY
We must develop and sell new products in order to keep up with rapid
technological change.
The markets in which we compete are characterized by:
- rapidly changing technology
- revolving industry standards and changes in end-user
requirements
- frequent new product introductions.
Technological advancements could render our products obsolete and
unmarketable. Our success will depend on our ability to respond to changing
technologies and customer requirements and on our ability to develop and
introduce new and enhanced products, in a cost-effective and timely manner. The
development of new or enhanced products is a complex and uncertain process
requiring the accurate anticipation of technological and market trends. We may
experience design, manufacturing, marketing and other difficulties that could
delay or prevent our development, introduction or marketing of new products and
enhancements. The introduction of new or enhanced products also requires that we
manage the transition from older products in order to minimize disruption in
customer ordering patterns and ensure that adequate supplies of new products can
be delivered to meet anticipated customer demand. In the future, we expect to
develop certain new products and we may not successfully develop, introduce or
manage the transition of these new products. Furthermore, products such as those
we currently offer may contain undetected or unresolved errors when they are
first introduced or as new versions are released. Despite testing, errors may be
found in new products or upgrades after commencement of commercial shipments.
These errors could result in delays in or loss of market acceptance and sales;
diversion of development resources; injury to our reputation; and increased
service and warranty costs. Delays in new product development or delays in
production startup could harm our business.
Our success is contingent upon our product performance reliability.
Our customers establish demanding specifications for product
performance and reliability. Our products are complex and often use
state-of-the-art components, processes and techniques. Undetected errors and
design flaws have occurred in the past and could occur in the future. In
addition to higher product service, warranty and replacement costs, such product
defects may seriously harm our customer relationships and industry reputation,
further magnifying the harm to our business of such defects.
Protection of our intellectual property is limited.
Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to protect trade
secrets, obtain or license patents and operate without infringing on the rights
of others. We rely on a combination of trademark, copyright and trade secret
laws, contractual restrictions and internal security to establish and protect
our proprietary rights. We often rely on licenses of intellectual property
useful for our business. We cannot assure you that these licenses will be
available in the future on favorable terms or at all. We cannot be sure that
such measures will provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets or other
proprietary information. To the extent we offer our products in other countries
or face competition from foreign companies, the laws of such countries may
afford us little or no effective protection of our intellectual property.
Third parties may claim we are infringing their intellectual property,
and we could suffer significant litigation or licensing expenses or be prevented
from selling products.
Third parties may claim that we are infringing their intellectual
property rights, and we may be found to infringe those intellectual property
rights. While we do not believe that any of our products infringe the valid
intellectual property rights of
12
third parties, we may be unaware of intellectual property rights of others that
may cover some of our technology, products and services. Any litigation
regarding patents or other intellectual property could be costly and
time-consuming, and divert our management and key personnel from our business
operations. The complexity of the technology involved and the uncertainty of
intellectual property litigation increases these risks. Claims of intellectual
property infringement might also require us to enter into costly royalty or
license agreements. However, we may not be able to obtain royalty or license
agreements on terms acceptable to us, or at all. We also may be subject to
significant damages or injunctions against development and sale of certain of
our products.
If we lose key personnel, we may not be able to successfully operate
our business.
Our success depends to a significant degree upon the continued
contributions of the principal members of our management, sales, marketing and
technical personnel, many of whom perform important management functions and
would be difficult to replace. Our success is especially dependent on the
continued employment our Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman of the
Board, Erik H. van der Kaay, who has entered into an employment agreement with
an indefinite term. We do not have employment contracts or noncompetitive
agreements with our other key personnel. In any event, employment contracts
would not prevent key personnel from terminating their employment with us. In
addition, competition for qualified personnel in the technology labor market is
intense, and we operate in several geographic locations where labor markets are
particularly competitive. The loss of the services of any key personnel,
particularly senior management and engineers, could materially harm our
business.
OTHER RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
Environmental matters subject us to additional business risks.
Our operations are subject to numerous federal, state and local
environmental regulations related to the storage, use, discharge and disposal of
toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals used in our manufacturing
process. While we have not experienced any significant effects on our operations
from environmental regulations, we cannot assure you that changes in such
regulations will not impose the need for additional capital equipment or other
requirements or restrict our ability to expand our operations. Failure to comply
with such regulations could result in suspension or cessation of our operations,
or could subject us to significant liabilities. Although we periodically review
our facilities and internal operations for compliance with applicable
environmental regulations, such reviews are necessarily limited in scope and
frequency and, therefore, we cannot assure you that such reviews have revealed
or will reveal all potential instances of noncompliance. The liabilities arising
from any noncompliance with such environmental regulations could materially harm
our business.
Our Austin, Texas property is undergoing remediation for known
subsurface contamination on such property and adjoining properties. We believe
we will continue to incur monitoring costs for the next several years in
connection with the site contamination. Further, we may be subject to claims
from adjoining landowners, in addition to claims for remediation, and the amount
of such costs and the extent of our exposure to such claims cannot be determined
at this time. The determination of the existence and cost of any additional
contamination caused by us could involve costly and time-consuming negotiations
and litigation. Remediation activities and subsurface contamination may require
us to incur unreimbursed costs and could harm on-site operations and the future
use and value of the property. The remediation efforts, the property owners'
claims and any related governmental action may expose us to material liability
and could harm our business.
We may engage in future acquisitions or dispositions that dilute our
stockholders and cause us to incur debt or assume contingent liabilities.
As part of our strategy, we expect to review acquisition or disposition
alternatives to buy other businesses or technologies that would complement our
current products, expand our market coverage, enhance our technical
capabilities, or offer growth opportunities. In the event of any future
transactions, we could:
- issue equity or other convertible securities that would dilute
our current stockholders' percentage ownership;
- incur debt;
- assume liabilities; or
- incur significant one-time write-offs.
These transactions also involve numerous risks, including
- problems combining the acquired operations, technologies or
products;
- unanticipated costs;
- diversion of management's attention from our core business;
- adverse effects on existing business relationships with
suppliers and customers;
13
- risks associated with entering markets in which we have no or
limited prior experience; and
- potential loss of key employees of purchased organizations.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully integrate any
business, products, technologies or personnel that we might purchase in the
future.
We and our customers are subject to various governmental regulations,
compliance with which may cause us to incur significant expenses, and if we fail
to maintain satisfactory compliance with certain regulations, we may be forced
to recall products and cease their manufacture and distribution, and we could be
subject to civil or criminal penalties.
Our business is subject to various other significant international,
federal, state and local, health and safety, packaging, product content and
labor regulations. These regulations are complex, change frequently and have
tended to become more stringent over time. We may be required to incur
significant expenses to comply with these regulations or to remedy past
violations of these regulations. Any failure by us to comply with applicable
government regulations could also result in cessation of our operations or
portions of our operations, product recalls or impositions of fines and
restrictions on our ability to carry on or expand our operations. In addition,
because many of our products are regulated or sold into regulated industries, we
must comply with additional regulations in marketing our products. Our products
and operations are also often subject to the rules of industrial standards
bodies, like the International Standards Organization, as well as regulation of
other agencies such as the United States Federal Communications Commission. We
also must comply with work safety rules. If we fail to adequately address any of
these regulations, our business will be harmed.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The Company's Irvine, California, manufacturing and executive office
facilities occupy an aggregate of 109,000 square feet in two sites under leases,
each expiring July 31, 2005. The Company also occupies a facility located in San
Jose, California, consisting of 5,800 square feet of sales and marketing space,
under a lease expiring on September 30, 2005. The Company has leased office
facilities in Lexington, Massachusetts, consisting of 7,280 square feet, that
expires on October 31, 2004. The Company also operates a facility located in
Hofolding, Germany, consisting of an 8,600 square foot manufacturing facility,
expiring on May 31, 2004. The Company owns its manufacturing facility in
Beverly, Massachusetts, comprised of a 32,000 square foot building located on
approximately four acres of land. The Company also owns its manufacturing
facility in Austin, Texas, comprised of a 50,000 square foot building, located
on approximately nine acres of land. The Company is currently building a 20,000
square foot addition to its Beverly facility, with an estimated completion date
of April 2002. The Company believes that its current facilities at its other
sites are adequate for its present level of operations.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In late 1996, the Company received notice of potential environmental
contamination from the owner of premises in Austin, Texas that had previously
been occupied by Austron, Inc., the Company's wireline operation ("Austron"),
prior to the Company's acquisition of Austron in 1988. Although Austron had
remediated the site pursuant to then-existing environmental regulations in
connection with vacating the site in 1983, the applicable environmental
regulations were modified after 1983, providing the basis for the property
owner's claim that the soil at the site contains the same contaminants that were
the focus of Austron's previous remediation efforts. In compliance with current
law, the Company has established the extent of the site contamination, which
contamination extends to adjoining properties owned by third parties. The
Company believes that it will continue to incur monitoring costs for the next
several years in connection with the site contamination and may be subject to
claims from adjoining landowners in addition to the claim for remediation
discussed above, and the amount of such costs and the extent of the Company's
exposure to such claims cannot be determined at this time. Although there can be
no assurance that the remediation efforts, the property owners' claims or any
related governmental action will not singly or in the aggregate have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations, the Company does not believe the aggregated potential liability will
have such an effect.
The Company is also a party to ordinary disputes arising in the normal
course of business. The Company does not believe that the outcome of these
matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated
financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of the Company's security holders
during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001.
14
ITEM 4A. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The following is a list of the executive officers of the Registrant:
Name Age Positions and Offices with the Registrant
- ---- --- -----------------------------------------
Erik H. van der Kaay 62 President and Chief Executive Officer since April 1998. Prior to
joining Datum, Mr. van der Kaay served as Allen Telecom's Executive
Vice President from 1997 to 1998 and a variety of senior positions
from 1990 to 1997. He was President and Chief Executive Officer of
Millitech Corporation from 1988 to 1990. He currently serves on the
board of directors for RF Micro-Devices, TranSwitch Corporation and
Comarco.
Ilan Havered 47 Vice President, International Sales and Marketing of the Company
since May 2000. From May 1996 to May 2000 Mr. Havered was Director
of International Sales, responsible for activities in Asia Pacific,
Australia and Africa. From April 1995 to May 1996, he was Manager of
International Sales. From July 1990 to April 1995 he served as
Systems Product Marketing Manager.
Robert J. Krist 53 Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer of
the Company since November 2000. From September 1997 to October
2000, Mr. Krist served as Chief Financial Officer at Bridge Medical,
Inc., a medical information technology company. From 1991 to 1997 he
worked at McGaw, Inc., a medical supplies company, serving as Chief
Financial Officer from 1991 to 1994 and as President, Central
Admixture Pharmacy Services from 1994 to 1997.
Michael J. Patrick 46 Vice President of the Company and President of the Company's Efratom
Time and Frequency Products, Inc. subsidiary since October 1999. Mr.
Patrick also served as Executive Vice President of Efratom from March
1999 to October 1999, and was Vice President of Operations from May
1998 to March 1999 for Efratom. From 1980 to 1998 he worked at
Interstate Electronics where he served as Vice President Operations.
John (Jack) R. Rice 58 Vice President of the Company since April 1994 and President of the
Company's Austron, Inc. subsidiary since May 1995. Mr. Rice also
served as President of the Company's Efratom Time & Frequency
Products, Inc. subsidiary from April 1998 to March 1999. From
April 1994 to May 1995 he was General Sales Manager of the Company.
From 1987 to 1994, he served as Director of North American Sales and
of OEM Sales for Emulex Corporation, a computer hardware
manufacturing company.
15
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
Shares of the Company's common stock are traded on The NASDAQ Stock Market
under the symbol "DATM". The following table sets forth the range of high and
low closing sales price per share of common stock of the Company as reported on
The NASDAQ Stock Market for each quarter of the two most recent fiscal years:
HIGH LOW
---- ---
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001
1st Quarter.......................................................... 30.44 13.81
2nd Quarter.......................................................... 18.41 12.00
3rd Quarter.......................................................... 14.50 10.20
4th Quarter.......................................................... 14.15 9.40
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000
1st Quarter.......................................................... 29.31 11.50
2nd Quarter.......................................................... 22.63 13.63
3rd Quarter.......................................................... 40.31 17.00
4th Quarter.......................................................... 34.19 19.00
It is the policy of the Company to retain earnings to finance the
future growth and development of its business. Therefore, the Company does not
anticipate paying cash dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future.
In addition, the Company's existing credit arrangements restrict the Company
from paying cash dividends.
At March 13, 2002, there were 313 stockholders of record.
16
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected consolidated financial data has been derived from
the financial statements of the Company audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP,
independent accountants. The consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2001
and 2000 and the related consolidated statements of operations and of cash flows
for the three years ended December 31, 2001 and notes thereto appear elsewhere
in this Report.
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(In thousands, except per share data)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA:
Net Sales $ 109,744 $ 132,239 $ 100,168 $ 101,233 $ 114,092
Costs and expenses:
Cost of sales 61,473 73,052 60,097 65,172 68,235
Selling 17,201 17,088 14,475 15,003 15,808
Product development 13,700 15,305 15,237 11,903 10,650
General and administrative 13,983 16,438 10,842 9,946 9,479
Impairment of long-lived asset 2,718 -- -- -- --
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Operating income (loss) 669 10,356 (483) (791) 9,920
Interest expense 401 1,673 1,919 2,051 2,085
Interest income (144) (214) (524) (434) (349)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Income (loss) before income taxes 412 8,897 (1,878) (2,408) 8,184
Income tax provision (benefit) (776) 3,559 (728) (951) 3,355
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss) $ 1,188 $ 5,338 $ (1,150) $ (1,457) $ 4,829
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic $ 0.19 $ 0.90 $ (0.20) $ (0.27) $ 0.97
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Diluted $ 0.19 $ 0.85 $ (0.20) $ (0.27) $ 0.90
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Shares used in per share calculation:
Basic 6,144 5,949 5,663 5,414 4,973
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Diluted 6,297 6,296 5,663 5,414 5,390
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
December 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working capital $49,222 $44,324 $42,017 $46,089 $47,482
Total assets 90,187 95,276 87,782 86,920 85,746
Long-term debt 2,635 1,750 11,671 14,533 17,418
Stockholders' equity 70,852 67,539 58,320 56,978 56,844
17
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction
with "Selected Consolidated Financial Data" and the Company's Consolidated
Financial Statements and Notes thereto included elsewhere in this report.
OVERVIEW
We are a leading supplier of precise timing solutions for
telecommunications and computing networks, satellite systems, electronic
commerce, and test and measurement applications. We design, manufacture or
contract for manufacture, and market a wide variety of high-performance time and
frequency products for telecommunications systems, enterprise computing
networks, electronic commerce, satellites and a variety of other test and
measurement applications. Our products are used to synchronize the flow of
information in telecommunications networks and numerous other applications.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
REVENUE RECOGNITION. The Company's principal source of revenue is
derived from the sale of hardware products. A small percentage of the Company's
revenue is generated by software sales. For sales of hardware products, the
Company recognizes revenue when: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement
exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the fee is fixed and
determinable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured. Determination of
criteria (3) and (4) are based on management's judgments regarding the fixed
nature of the fee charged for services rendered and products delivered and the
collectibility of those fees. Should changes in conditions cause management to
determine these criteria are not met, revenue recognized for any reporting
period could be adversely affected. For sales of software products and hardware
transactions where software is not incidental, the Company recognizes revenue in
accordance with Statement of Position 97-2, "Software Revenue Recognition," as
amended by Statement of Position 98-9, "Modification of SOP 97-2, Software
Revenue Recognition, With Respect to Certain Transactions". Fees from software
sales are recognized as revenue upon shipment, provided persuasive evidence of
an arrangement exists, fees are fixed and determinable, collection is probable,
and vendor specific evidence exists to determine the value of any undelivered
elements of the arrangement. For contracts, the Company uses the percent
complete method for recognizing revenue.
INVENTORY VALUATION. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or
market. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Our management must
make estimates of inventory valuation and obsolescence. Management estimates
customer demand, prices for products, future inventory usage and evaluates
inventory obsolescence in evaluating the adequacy of inventory reserves.
Increases in inventory reserves are charged to cost of goods sold. Our inventory
balance was $28.5 million, net of reserves of $3.8 million, as of December 31,
2001.
ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS. Our management must make estimates of
the collectibility of our accounts receivables. Management specifically analyzes
accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts, customer concentrations,
customer credit-worthiness, current economic trends and changes in our customer
payment terms when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful
accounts. Our accounts receivable balance was $25.5 million, net of allowance
for doubtful accounts of $0.6 million, as of December 31, 2001.
ACCOUNTING FOR INCOME TAXES. As part of the process of preparing our
consolidated financial statements we are required to estimate our income taxes
in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves
estimating actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary
differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and accounting
purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which
are included within our consolidated balance sheet. We must then assess the
likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable
income and to the extent we believe that recovery is not likely, we must
establish a valuation allowance. To the extent we establish a valuation
allowance or increase this allowance in a period, we must include an expense
within the tax provision in the statement of operations.
LONG-LIVED ASSETS. The excess of the purchase price of businesses or
assets acquired over the fair value of the net assets ("goodwill") is amortized
over varying periods ranging from 20 to 40 years. At each balance sheet date,
the Company reviews the recoverability of long-lived assets and certain
intangible assets, including goodwill. In the event the sum of expected
undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of an asset is less than
the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss equal to the excess of the
asset's carrying value over its fair value is recorded. It is the Company's
policy to periodically evaluate the carrying value of its long-lived assets when
certain events arise and to recognize impairment when the estimated future
undiscounted net operating cash flows from the use of the assets are less than
their carrying values. Impairment of long-lived assets for 2001 was $2.7
million. There was no such charge in 2000 or 1999. The charge represented $2.5
million of acquisition costs from the July 1999 acquisition of Digital Delivery
Inc. and $0.2 million of software developments costs capitalized in 2000. During
2001, the Company determined that the carrying value of the asset related to the
Digital Delivery acquisition exceeded its net realizable value as a result of a
reduced demand outlook caused by significant changes in business conditions.
18
CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS. Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 86 ("FAS 86") requires the capitalization of certain
software development costs once technological feasibility is established, which
the Company defines as the completion of a working model. Costs not required to
be capitalized are included in research and development expense as incurred.
Amortization begins when a product is ready for release to customers and is
calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated product life, or based on
the ratio of current revenues to total projected product revenues, whichever is
greater. The recoverability of capitalized costs is continually evaluated. The
amount charged to expense for amortization of software development costs was
$120,000 and $9,000 in 2001 and 2000 respectively.
ACCRUED WARRANTY REPAIR. The Company generally offers warranties on its
products of one to three years. When evaluating the adequacy of the accrual for
warranty repairs, management estimates the number of units that have been sold
that are still under warranty, failure rates and the average cost of performing
a warranty repair. Additions to accrued warranty repair are charged to cost of
goods sold. The Company had $1.6 million and $2.2 million in accrued warranty as
of December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The Company has experienced, and expects to continue to experience,
fluctuations in sales and operating results on an annual and quarterly basis. As
a result, the Company believes that period-to-period comparisons of its
operating results are not necessarily meaningful, and that such comparisons
cannot be relied upon as indicators of future performance. A significant
component of these fluctuations may result from rescheduling of orders by the
Company's major customers. Due to these and other unanticipated factors, it is
likely that in some future quarters the Company's operating results may be below
the expectations of public market analysts or investors.
NET SALES. The Company's net sales are derived primarily from the sale
of time and frequency products for use in telecommunications networks,
enterprise computing networks, e-business, satellites and in a variety of other
test and measurement and e-business applications. Net sales for the Company were
$109.7 million, $132.2 million and $100.2 million for the years ended December
31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. These amounts represent a decrease from
2000 to 2001 of 17.0% and an increase from 1999 to 2000 of 32.0%. Wireless and
wireline sales declined 44.6% and 7.1%, respectively from 2000 to 2001. The
decline in 2001 reflected a general downturn in the telecommunications market.
Wireless and wireline telecommunications sales increased 31.8% and 53.7%,
respectively, in 2000 due to increased product demand.
A small number of customers account for a substantial portion of the
Company's net sales, and the Company expects that a limited number of customers
will continue to represent a substantial portion of the Company's net sales for
the foreseeable future. The Company's largest customer, Lucent Technologies Inc.
(Lucent), accounted for approximately 20%, 33% and 33% of net sales for the
fiscal years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Further, the
Company's five largest customers, including Lucent, accounted for approximately
37%, 48% and 45% of net sales during the same periods. The reduction in orders
by, or loss of, any major customer could adversely affect the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Direct and indirect sales to the United States government were
approximately $17.2 million in 2001, $9.6 million in 2000 and $9.9 million in
1999, constituting approximately 15.7%, 7.3% and 9.9% of net sales,
respectively. These amounts represent an increase from 2000 to 2001 of 79.2% and
a decrease of 3.0% from 1999 to 2000. Government-related contracts and
subcontracts are subject to standard provisions for termination at the
convenience of the government. In such event, however, the Company is generally
entitled to reimbursement of costs incurred on the basis of work completed plus
other amounts specified in each individual contract.
GROSS MARGINS. Gross margins are derived from net sales and cost of
sales, which consists primarily of raw materials, labor, overhead and warranty
costs. Gross margins were 44.0%, 44.8% and 40.0% in 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively. The decrease from 2000 to 2001 was primarily the result of
decreased efficiencies due to decreased manufacturing volume in the wireless and
wireline segments due to decreases in sales in both segments. The increase from
1999 to 2000 was predominantly in the wireless telecommunication market and was
primarily a result of enhanced manufacturing and development efficiencies,
improved supply chain management and efficiencies gained from increases in
sales. Gross margins can be adversely affected by a number of factors, including
pricing pressure from the Company's customers and the difficulty of reducing
fixed expenses in connection with the Company's rescheduling of customers'
orders.
SELLING EXPENSE. Selling expense consists primarily of salaries and
other expenses of its sales and marketing personnel, along with sales
commissions paid to the Company's third-party representatives and distributors.
Selling expense was $17.2 million in 2001, $17.1 million in 2000 and $14.5
million in 1999. These amounts represent an increase of 0.7% from 2000 to 2001
and an increase of 18.1% from 1999 to 2000. As a percent of net sales, these
amounts were 15.7%, 12.9% and 14.5% in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
Selling expense was relatively flat in each segment in 2001 as compared to 2000,
despite the decrease in sales in the wireless and wireline segments. The
wireline segment started a new OEM marketing department to market
19
its TimePieces(TM) product line, which did not generate significant sales in
2001. This increase in expense offset decreases in variable selling expense in
the wireline segment related to the decrease in sales. Selling expense in the
Company's wireless segment are mostly fixed and as a result did not decrease
relative to the decline in sales in that segment. The increase in expense in
2000 was due to the higher volume of net sales. The decrease in 2000 as a
percentage of net sales was due to the Company's continued efforts to reduce
commissions by replacing outside sales representatives with internal sales
staff.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENt. Product development expense consists primarily of
salary, applied overhead, materials and third-party design services. Product
development expense was $13.7 million in 2001, $15.3 million in 2000 and $15.2
million in 1999. These amounts represented a decrease of 10.5% from 2000 to 2001
and an increase of 0.4% from 1999 to 2000. Product development expenditures
represented 12.5%, 11.6% and 15.2% of net sales in 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively. The decrease in product development expense in 2001 is primarily
due to the capitalization of $2.3 million of software development costs of the
Company's Trusted Time(TM) and wireline network management products. The
spending increase in 2000 from 1999 reflects the continual emphasis on new
product design and enhancement of current products.
Although the Company maintains an active development program to
improve its product offerings, there can be no assurance that such efforts will
be successful, that its new products will be developed on a timely basis or will
achieve customer acceptance. Failure to develop, or introduce on a timely basis,
new products or product enhancements that achieve market acceptance could
adversely affect the Company's business, operating results and financial
condition.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE. General and administrative expense consists
primarily of salaries and other expenses for management, finance, accounting,
information technology and human resources, as well as amortization of goodwill
and depreciation charges. General and administrative expenses were $14.0 million
in 2001, $16.4 million in 2000 and $10.8 million in 1999. These amounts
represent a decrease from 2000 to 2001 of 14.9% and an increase of 51.6% from
1999 to 2000. As a percentage of net sales, these amounts were 12.7%, 12.4% and
10.8% in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The decrease in 2001 was the result
of lower incentive accruals and efficiencies realized from the 2000 closure of
the Company's manufacturing facility in San Jose, CA. The increase in 2000 was
predominantly caused by increased incentive accruals related to the Company's
profitability, twelve months of Digital Delivery expense, including goodwill
amortization, in 2000 versus five months expense in 1999, and charges related to
management changes and the consolidation of the San Jose and Beverly operations.
Such expenses include $2.3 million, $2.9 million and $2.1 million for 2001, 2000
and 1999, respectively, of goodwill amortization and increased depreciation
resulting from the step-up of the assets purchased in the March 1995 acquisition
of Efratom and the July 1999 acquisition of Digital Delivery.
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSET. Impairment of long-lived asset for the
year ended December 31, 2001 was $2.7 million. There was no such charge in the
comparable period in 2000. The charge represented $2.5 million of acquisition
costs from the July 1999 acquisition of Digital Delivery Inc. and $0.2 million
of software developments costs capitalized in 2000. During the quarter ended
June 30, 2001, the Company determined that the carrying value of the asset
related to the Digital Delivery acquisition exceeded its net realizable value as
a result of a reduced demand outlook caused by significant changes in business
conditions.
INTEREST, NET. Net interest expense was $0.3 million, $1.5 million and
$1.4 million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. These amounts constitute a
decrease of 82.4% from 2000 to 2001 and an increase of 4.6% from 1999 to 2000.
The decrease in 2001 was caused by reduced debt levels and by positive cash
flows generated from operations. The increase in 2000 in net interest expense
was a result of lower interest income and the write-off of unamortized debt
expense in the second quarter of 2000 in relation to the Company's refinancing
of its debt.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company finances its operations primarily through a combination of
cash provided from operations, a commercial bank line of credit and long-term
debt.
Working capital increased to $49.2 million at December 31, 2001 from
$44.3 million at December 31, 2000. The current ratio increased to 4.3 at
December 31, 2001 from 2.9 at December 31, 2000. The current ratio increased as
a result of an increase in cash flow from operations and from reductions in
current portion of long term debt and advances on our line of credit. During the
same period cash increased from $1.0 million to $2.4 million, primarily due to
$10.6 million provided by operating activities and $2.7 million of proceeds from
the issuance of long term debt, offset by $3.4 million of capital expenditures,
$2.3 million of capitalized software development costs and $5.1 million used to
pay down the line of credit and long term debt.
Cash provided by operations was approximately $10.6 million in 2001,
compared to approximately $1.8 million in 2000, and approximately $5.5 million
in 1999. Accounts receivable decreased by $9.5 million to $25.5 million at
December 31, 2001, due to the decrease in sales of $10.3 million from the
quarter ended December 31, 2000 to the quarter ended December 31, 2001.
Inventories increased by $2.1 million at December 31, 2001, due to a greater
than anticipated decline in sales over the last two
20
quarters of 2001. Income tax accounts combined represented a $3.8 million cash
outflow for the year ended December 31, 2001, due to required tax payments
caused by the Company's profitability in 2000 and the first half of 2001.
Capital expenditures were approximately $5.7 million, $3.9 million, and
$2.4 million in 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively, including capitalized
software development costs. The amount in 2001 includes $0.9 million related to
the in-process expansion of the Company's manufacturing facility in Beverly,
Massachusetts.
The Company's credit facility includes a $6.0 million term loan
maturing June 15, 2002, bearing interest at the rate of 9.15% on the unpaid
principal, payable monthly, with the principal repaid in equal installments of
$250,000 on the first of every month. The Company does not expect to replace the
term loan upon retirement. In connection with the issuance of promissory notes
issued in 1996 that were fully paid off in 2000, the Company issued to The
Prudential Insurance Company of America common stock warrants which currently
allow for the purchase of 176,303 shares of common stock at an exercise price
per share of $11.415.
The maturity date of the revolving component of the Company's line of
credit with Wells Fargo Bank has been extended to May 29, 2003 in a principal
amount not to exceed $16.0 million and bearing interest at Wells Fargo's prime
rate or at LIBOR plus 2.0%. Under the Wells Fargo credit facility, the Company
is required to maintain certain financial ratios, limit other indebtedness and
may not pay dividends. Other restrictions include limitations on the amounts of
leases and capital expenditures that may be incurred. At December 31, 2001, the
Company was in compliance with all debt covenants. No amounts were outstanding
under the line of credit as of December 31, 2001.
On June 1, 2001, the Massachusetts Development Finance Agency issued a
$2.7 million industrial development bond on the Company's behalf to finance the
expansion of the Datum TT&M manufacturing facility in Beverly, Massachusetts.
The bond matures on May 1, 2021. Interest on the bond is payable monthly
beginning July 2, 2001 at an adjustable rate of interest as determined by the
remarketing agent for each rate period to be the lowest rate which in its
judgment would permit the sale of the bonds at par. The bond is secured by a
letter of credit issued under the Company's credit facility with Wells Fargo
Bank.
The Company believes that cash, cash equivalents, short-term
investments and funds generated from operations will be sufficient to satisfy
working capital requirements and capital expenditures in fiscal 2002. Should
there be a further reduction in telecommunication network infrastructure
spending which impacts the Company's expected revenues or ability to collect its
accounts receivable, the Company could potentially be in violation of debt
covenants within its credit facility. There is no guarantee that the Company
would receive a waiver if a debt covenant were violated.
The following table summarizes the Company's contractual obligations as
of December 31, 2001, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on
its liquidity and cash flow in future periods (in thousands).
LESS
THAN 1 1 - 3 4 - 5 AFTER 5
TOTAL YEAR YEARS YEARS YEARS
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Long-term debt $ 4,445 $ 1,810 $ 125 $ 105 $ 2,405
Non-cancelable operating leases 6,504 2,085 3,480 939 --
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Total contractual cash obligations $10,949 $ 3,895 $ 3,605 $ 1,044 $ 2,405
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued
Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, "Business Combinations," (FAS 141) and
Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets"
(FAS 142). FAS 141 establishes new accounting and reporting standards for
business combinations and will require that the purchase method of accounting be
used for all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001. FAS 142
establishes new standards for goodwill acquired in a business combination,
eliminates amortization of goodwill and sets forth methods for periodically
evaluating goodwill for impairment. The Company is required to adopt the
provisions of these statements no later than the first quarter of its fiscal
year 2002. The implementation of FAS 142 will result in a reduction of goodwill
amortization of approximately $225 thousand per quarter beginning in 2002. The
Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FAS 141.
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued
Financial Accounting Standards No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement
Obligations," (FAS 143). FAS 143 addresses financial accounting and reporting
for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and
the associated asset retirement costs. The Company is required to adopt the
provisions of FAS 143 no later than the first quarter of its fiscal year 2003.
The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FAS 143.
21
In August 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued
Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or
Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," (FAS 144). FAS 144 addresses financial
accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets.
The Company is required to adopt the provisions of FAS 144 no later than the
first quarter of its fiscal 2002. The Company is currently evaluating the impact
of adopting FAS 144.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE RISK. The Company's foreign sales are
generally invoiced in U.S. dollars, and the Company does not presently enter
into foreign currency forward exchange contracts. The Company does not enter
into derivative financial instrument transactions for speculative purposes.
Additional information for this item is contained under the captions
"Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments" and "Foreign Currency
Translation" in Note A, "Description of the Company and Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies" in Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements set forth
elsewhere in this Report.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
The consolidated financial statements and report of independent
accountants thereon are filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K as shown on
the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements covered by Report of Independent
Accountants.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
None.
22
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
There is hereby incorporated by reference the information appearing
under the captions "Election of Directors" and "Compliance with Section 16(a) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934" from the Company's definitive proxy
statement for the Annual Meeting of the Stockholders to be held May 30, 2002 to
be filed with the Commission on or before April 30, 2002. Information as to the
Company's executive officers is included in Item 4A of Part I of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
There is hereby incorporated by reference information appearing under
the caption "Executive Compensation" from the Company's definitive proxy
statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 30, 2002 to be
filed with the Commission on or before April 30, 2002.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
There is hereby incorporated by reference the information appearing
under the caption "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and
Management" from the Company's definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting
of Stockholders to be held May 30, 2002 to be filed with the Commission on or
before April 30, 2002.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
There is hereby incorporated by reference the information appearing
under the caption "Executive Compensation" from the Company's definitive proxy
statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 30, 2002 to be
filed with the Commission on or before April 30, 2002.
23
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:
(1) Financial Statements
The list of financial statements contained in the accompanying
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements covered by Report of
Independent Accountants is herein incorporated by reference.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
The list of financial statement schedules contained in the
accompanying Index to Consolidated Financial Statements covered by
Report of Independent Accountants is herein incorporated by
reference.
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required
information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
(3) Exhibits
The list of exhibits on the accompanying Exhibit Index is herein
incorporated by reference.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K.
No reports on Form 8-K were filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission during the quarter ended December 31, 2001.
24
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Annual Report on Form 10-K to
be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, at
Irvine, California this 29th day of March, 2002.
DATUM INC.
By /s/ Erik H. van der Kaay
---------------------------------
Erik H. van der Kaay
Chief Executive Officer, President and
Director
POWER OF ATTORNEY
The undersigned directors and officers of Datum Inc. constitute and appoint Erik
H. van der Kaay and Robert J. Krist, or any of them, as their true and lawful
attorney and agent with power of substitution, to do any and all acts and things
in our name and behalf in our capacities as directors and officers and to
execute any and all instruments for us and in our names in the capacities
indicated below, which said attorney and agent may deem necessary or advisable
to enable said corporation to comply with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and
Exchange Commission, in connection with this Annual Report on Form 10-K,
including specifically but without limitation, power and authority to sign for
us or any of us in our names in the capacities indicated below, any and all
amendments (including post-effective amendments) hereto, and we do hereby ratify
and confirm all that said attorney and agent, shall do or cause to be done by
virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report
has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and
in the capacities and on the date indicated.
/s/ Erik H. van der Kaay President, CEO, Chairman March 29, 2002
- ----------------------------------- (Principal Executive Officer)
Erik H. van der Kaay
/s/ Robert J. Krist Chief Financial Officer March 29, 2002
- ----------------------------------- (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Robert J. Krist
/s/ Alfred F. Boschulte Director March 29, 2002
- -----------------------------------
Alfred F. Boschulte
/s/ Elizabeth A. Fetter Director March 29, 2002
- -----------------------------------
Elizabeth A. Fetter
/s/ G. Tilton Gardner Director March 29, 2002
- -----------------------------------
G. Tilton Gardner
/s/ R. David Hoover Director March 29, 2002
- -----------------------------------
R. David Hoover
/s/ Louis B. Horwitz Director March 29, 2002
- -----------------------------------
Louis B. Horwitz
/s/ Michael M. Mann Director March 29, 2002
- -----------------------------------
Michael M. Mann
25
DATUM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Index To Consolidated Financial Statements Covered
By Report of Independent Accountants
Item 14(a)(1) and (2)
Page references
Form
10-K
The information under the following captions, is included herein:
Financial Statements
Report of independent accountants...............................................F-1
Consolidated balance sheet at December 31,
2001 and 2000 ................................................................F-2
Consolidated statement of operations for each
of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2001.............................................................F-3
Consolidated statement of stockholders' equity
for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 2001.......................................................F-4
Consolidated statement of cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2001.............................................................F-5
Notes to consolidated financial statements......................................F-6
Financial Statement Schedules
VIII - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts........................................S-1
26
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Datum Inc.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index
appearing under Item 14(a)(1) on page 26 present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of Datum Inc. and its subsidiaries at December
31, 2001 and 2000, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2001 in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In
addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index
appearing under Item 14(a)(2) on page 26 presents fairly, in all material
respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the
related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and
financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management;
our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and
financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits of
these statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the
United States of America, which require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing
the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above.
/s/ PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP
- ----------------------------------------
Orange County, California
February 14, 2002
F-1
DATUM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
A S S E T S
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,381 $ 1,017
Restricted cash 1,828 --
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful
accounts of $574 and $664, respectively 25,479 34,988
Inventories 28,473 26,400
Prepaid expenses 468 375
Deferred income taxes 3,158 4,613
Income tax refund receivable 2,222 161
-------- --------
Total current assets 64,009 67,554
Land, buildings and equipment, net 14,045 14,517
Deferred income taxes 374 --
Excess of purchase price over net assets acquired, net
of accumulated amortization of $11,459 and $7,412 8,549 12,595
Capitalized software development costs 2,379 215
Other assets 831 395
-------- --------
$ 90,187 $ 95,276
======== ========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 7,041 $ 8,777
Accrued salaries and wages 3,047 4,179
Accrued warranty 1,577 2,173
Other accrued expenses 998 1,376
Deferred revenue 314 --
Income taxes payable -- 1,705
Advances on line of credit -- 2,020
Current portion of long-term debt 1,810 3,000
-------- --------
Total current liabilities 14,787 23,230
-------- --------
Long-term debt 2,635 1,750
-------- --------
Postretirement benefits 1,239 1,188
-------- --------
Other long-term liabilities 674 584
-------- --------
Deferred income taxes -- 985
-------- --------
Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, par value $.25 per share
Authorized - 1,000,000 shares
Issued - none -- --
Common stock, par value $.25 per share
Authorized - 10,000,000 shares
Issued - 6,209,721 and 6,067,065, respectively 1,552 1,517
Additional paid-in capital 53,619 51,441
Retained earnings 16,704 15,516
Unamortized stock compensation (224) (127)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (799) (808)
-------- --------
Total stockholders' equity 70,852 67,539
-------- --------
$ 90,187 $ 95,276
======== ========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-2
DATUM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- ---------
Net Sales $ 109,744 $ 132,239 $ 100,168
Operating expenses:
Cost of sales 61,473 73,052 60,097
Selling 17,201 17,088 14,475
Product development 13,700 15,305 15,237
General and administrative 13,983 16,438 10,842
Impairment of long-lived asset 2,718 -- --
--------- --------- ---------
Operating income (loss) 669 10,356 (483)
--------- --------- ---------
Interest expense 401 1,673 1,919
Interest income (144) (214) (524)
--------- --------- ---------
Income (loss) before income taxes 412 8,897 (1,878)
Income tax provision (benefit) (776) 3,559 (728)
--------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss) $ 1,188 $ 5,338 $ (1,150)
========= ========= =========
Net income (loss) per common share:
Basic $ 0.19 $ 0.90 $ (0.20)
========= ========= =========
Diluted $ 0.19 $ 0.85 $ (0.20)
========= ========= =========
Shares used in per share calculation:
Basic 6,144 5,949 5,663
========= ========= =========
Diluted 6,297 6,296 5,663
========= ========= =========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-3
DATUM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL UNAMORTIZED ACCUMULATED
-------------------- PAID-IN RETAINED STOCK COMPREHENSIVE
SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL EARNINGS COMPENSATION INCOME (LOSS) TOTAL
---------- ------- ---------- -------- ------------ ------------- -------
Balances at December 31, 1998 5,505,843 1,376 44,941 11,328 (368) (299) 56,978
Issuance of common stock under
401(k) and ESP Plans 114,877 29 796 825
Exercise of stock options 20,000 5 81 86
Income tax benefit from restricted stock
issued and stock options exercised 30 30
Amortization of stock compensation 59 59
Acquisition of Digital Delivery 214,277 54 1,861 1,915
Comprehensive income:
Cumulative translation adjustment (423) (423)
Net income (1,150) (1,150)
-------
Total comprehensive income (1,573)
---------- ------- -------- -------- ----- ----- -------
Balances at December 31, 1999 5,854,997 1,464 47,709 10,178 (309) (722) 58,320
Issuance of common stock under
401(k) and ESP Plans 54,888 14 1,032 1,046
Exercise of stock options 183,473 46 1,453 1,499
Income tax benefit from restricted stock
issued and stock options exercised 1,389 1,389
Amortization of stock compensation 182 182
Stock based compensation 102 102
Cancelled shares from Digital Delivery
acquisition (26,293) (7) (244) (251)
Comprehensive income:
Cumulative translation adjustment (86) (86)
Net income 5,338 5,338
-------
Total comprehensive income 5,252
---------- ------- -------- -------- ----- ----- -------
Balances at December 31, 2000 6,067,065 1,517 51,441 15,516 (127) (808) 67,539
Issuance of common stock under 401(k)
and ESP Plans 85,872 21 1,084 1,105
Exercise of stock options 26,625 7 221 228
Income tax benefit from restricted stock
issued and stock options exercised 411 411
Amortization of stock compensation 362 362
Stock based compensation 30,159 7 462 (459) 10
Comprehensive income:
Cumulative translation adjustment 9 9
Net income 1,188 1,188
-------
Total comprehensive income 1,197
---------- ------- -------- -------- ----- ----- -------
Balances at December 31, 2001 6,209,721 $ 1,552 $ 53,619 $ 16,704 $(224) $(799) $70,852
========== ======= ======== ======== ===== ===== =======
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-4
DATUM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
-------- -------- --------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss) $ 1,188 $ 5,338 $ (1,150)
-------- -------- --------
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 3,702 4,459 3,913
Amortization of capitalized software development costs 120 -- --
Amortization of goodwill 1,511 2,127 1,439
Write-off of impaired long-lived asset 2,718 -- --
Contribution of shares of common stock to
the Company's 401(k) plan 716 747 603
Stock based compensation 384 285 59
Income tax benefit from restricted stock issued
and stock options exercised 411 1,389 30
Deferred income taxes 96 (1,299) (895)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable 9,509 (12,060) (3,585)
(Increase) decrease in inventories (2,073) (4,589) 2,743
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses (93) 120 (14)
(Increase) decrease in income tax refund receivable (2,061) 302 727
(Increase) decrease in other assets (436) 157 (282)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable (1,738) 2,071 1,744
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses (2,118) 2,669 (235)
Increase in deferred revenue 314 -- --
Increase (decrease) in income taxes payable (1,705) (237) 234
Increase (decrease) in other long-term liabilities 90 166 (18)
Increase in postretirement benefits 51 154 216
-------- -------- --------
Total reconciling items 9,398 (3,539) 6,679
-------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by operating activities 10,586 1,799 5,529
-------- -------- --------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from equipment disposals -- 56 --
Capital expenditures (3,437) (3,723) (2,359)
Capitalized software development costs (2,284) (215) --
Payment for acquisition, net of cash acquired -- -- (2,111)
Other -- (39) 16
-------- -------- --------
Net cash used by investing activities (5,721) (3,921) (4,454)
-------- -------- --------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from (reductions to) line of credit (2,020) 2,020 --
Proceeds from long-term debt 2,725 6,000 --
Payments of long-term debt (3,030) (16,253) (3,025)
Increase in restricted cash (1,828) -- --
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and ESP plan 617 3,187 337
-------- -------- --------
Net cash used for financing activities (3,536) (5,046) (2,688)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 35 (86) (423)
-------- -------- --------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 1,364 (7,254) (2,036)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 1,017 8,271 10,307
-------- -------- --------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 2,381 $ 1,017 $ 8,271
======== ======== ========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
DATUM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2001, 2000 AND 1999
NOTE A -- DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING
POLICIES
Description of the Company: Datum is a leading supplier of precise timing
solutions for telecommunications and computing networks, satellite systems,
electronic commerce, and test and measurement applications. We design,
manufacture or contract for manufacture, and market a wide variety of
high-performance time and frequency products for telecommunications systems,
enterprise computing networks, electronic commerce, satellites and a variety of
other test and measurement applications. Our products are used to synchronize
the flow of information in telecommunications networks and numerous other
applications.
Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include
the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly owned.
All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
respective reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition. The Company's principal source of revenue is derived
from the sale of hardware products. A small percentage of the Company's revenue
is generated by software sales. For sales of hardware products, the Company
recognizes revenue when: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2)
delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the fee is fixed and
determinable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured. Determination of
criteria (3) and (4) are based on management's judgments regarding the fixed
nature of the fee charged for services rendered and products delivered and the
collectibility of those fees. Should changes in conditions cause management to
determine these criteria are not met, revenue recognized for any reporting
period could be adversely affected. For sales of software products and hardware
transactions where software is not incidental, the Company recognizes revenue in
accordance with Statement of Position 97-2, "Software Revenue Recognition," as
amended by Statement of Position 98-9, "Modification of SOP 97-2, Software
Revenue Recognition, With Respect to Certain Transactions". Fees from software
sales are recognized as revenue upon shipment, provided persuasive evidence of
an arrangement exists, fees are fixed and determinable, collection is probable,
and vendor specific evidence exists to determine the value of any undelivered
elements of the arrangement. For contracts, the Company uses the percent
complete method for recognizing revenue.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. Our management must
make estimates of the collectibility of our accounts receivables. Management
specifically analyzes accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts,
customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness, current economic trends and
changes in our customer payment terms when evaluating the adequacy of the
allowance for doubtful accounts. Our accounts receivable balance was $25.5
million, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.6 million, as of December
31, 2001. Accounts receivable included amounts recognized as revenue not yet
billed to customers from long term contracts of $3.5 million and $2.5 million as
of December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The Company generally expects to
collect these receivables within one year.
Inventory Valuation. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market.
Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Our management must make
estimates of inventory valuation and obsolescence. Management estimates customer
demand, prices for products, future inventory usage and evaluates inventory
obsolescence in evaluating the adequacy of inventory reserves. Increases in
inventory reserves are charged to cost of goods sold. Our inventory balance was
$28.5 million, net of reserves of $3.8 million, as of December 31, 2001.
Inventories comprise the following (in thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
------------------
2001 2000
------- -------
Purchased parts $14,247 $13,015
Work-in-process 7,440 7,873
Finished products 6,786 5,512
------- -------
$28,473 $26,400
======= =======
F-6
Accounting for Income Taxes. As part of the process of preparing our
consolidated financial statements we are required to estimate our income taxes
in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves
estimating actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary
differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and accounting
purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which
are included within our consolidated balance sheet. We must then assess the
likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable
income and to the extent we believe that recovery is not likely, we must
establish a valuation allowance. To the extent we establish a valuation
allowance or increase this allowance in a period, we must include an expense
within the tax provision in the statement of operations. The Company uses the
liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax liabilities and
assets are determined based on the difference between the financial statement
and tax bases of assets and liabilities as measured by the enacted tax rates
which will be in effect when these differences reverse. Deferred tax expense for
the period is calculated as the change in net deferred tax liabilities and
assets.
Land, Buildings and Equipment: Land, buildings and equipment, which are
recorded at cost and depreciated where appropriate by the straight-line method,
consist of the following (in thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
------------------ DEPRECIABLE
2001 2000 LIFE
------- ------- --------------
Land $ 2,040 $ 2,040
Buildings 5,867 5,435 30 to 40 years
Equipment 25,997 23,294 3 to 10 years
Leasehold improvements 1,362 1,315 5 to 10 years
------- -------
35,266 32,084
Less accumulated depreciation and
amortization 21,221 17,567
------- -------
$14,045 $14,517
======= =======
Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged directly to operations,
and betterments and major renewals are capitalized.
Capitalized Software Development Costs. Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 86 ("FAS 86") requires the capitalization of certain software
development costs once technological feasibility is established, which the
Company defines as the completion of a working model. Costs not required to be
capitalized are included in research and development expense as incurred.
Amortization begins when a product is ready for release to customers and is
calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated product life, or based on
the ratio of current revenues to total projected product revenues, whichever is
greater. The recoverability of capitalized costs is continually evaluated. The
amount charged to expense for amortization of software development costs was
$120,000 and $9,000 in 2001 and 2000 respectively.
Accrued Warranty Repair. The Company generally offers warranties on its
products of one to three years. When evaluating the adequacy of the accrual for
warranty repairs, management estimates the number of units that have been sold
that are still under warranty, failure rates and the average cost of performing
a warranty repair. Additions to accrued warranty repair are charged to cost of
goods sold. The Company had $1.6 million and $2.2 million in accrued warranty as
of December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Long-lived Assets. The excess of the purchase price of businesses or assets
acquired over the fair value of the net assets ("goodwill") is amortized over
varying periods ranging from 20 to 40 years. At each balance sheet date, the
Company reviews the recoverability of long-lived assets and certain intangible
assets, including goodwill. In the event the sum of expected undiscounted future
cash flows resulting from the use of an asset is less than the carrying amount
of the asset, an impairment loss equal to the excess of the asset's carrying
value over its fair value is recorded. It is the Company's policy to
periodically evaluate the carrying value of its long-lived assets when certain
events arise and to recognize impairment when the estimated future undiscounted
net operating cash flows from the use of the assets are less than their carrying
values. Impairment of long-lived assets for 2001 was $2.7 million. There was no
such charge in 2000 or 1999. The charge represented $2.5 million of acquisition
costs from the July 1999 acquisition of Digital Delivery Inc. and $0.2 million
of software developments costs capitalized in 2000. During 2001, the Company
determined that the carrying value of the asset related to the Digital Delivery
acquisition exceeded its net realizable value as a result of a reduced demand
outlook caused by significant changes in business conditions.
F-7
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows: Cash equivalents include highly liquid
investments with an original maturity of less than three months. Cash paid for
interest totaled $0.4 million, $1.1 million and $1.7 million in 2001, 2000 and
1999, respectively. Cash paid for income taxes totaled $4.8 million, $2.5
million and $0.2 million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Significant
non-cash transactions affecting the Company's accounts consisted of tax benefits
from the exercise of common stock options of $0.4 million, $1.4 million and
$0.03 million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
Stock Options and Awards: The Company accounts for employee stock-based
compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25. See
the disclosures in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 123 (FAS 123) in Note E.
Net Income Per Share: Net income per share--Basic excludes dilution and is
computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding during the reported period. Net income per share--Diluted reflects
the potential dilution that could occur if stock warrants or options were
exercised. Because the effect would have been anti-dilutive, stock options
representing 134,957 shares in 1999 have been excluded from the computation of
diluted earnings per share. Net income per share is calculated as follows (in
thousands, except share data):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
---------- ---------- -----------
Net income (loss) $ 1,188 $ 5,338 $ (1,150)
========== ========== ===========
Shares outstanding -- Basic 6,143,854 5,948,789 5,663,146
Effect of dilutive securities:
Warrants 3,234 49,893 --
Stock options 150,376 297,185 --
---------- ---------- -----------
Shares outstanding -- Diluted 6,297,464 6,295,867 5,663,146
========== ========== ===========
Net income (loss) per share -- Basic $ 0.19 $ 0.90 $ (0.20)
========== ========== ===========
Net income (loss) per share -- Diluted $ 0.19 $ 0.85 $ (0.20)
========== ========== ===========
Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments: The carrying values
of cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accrued liabilities
approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these
instruments. The carrying value of long-term debt approximates its fair value.
Comprehensive Income: Comprehensive income is defined as a change in equity
of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and
circumstances from non-owner sources. The only component of comprehensive income
other than net income of the Company is currency translation adjustments.
Foreign Currency Translation: Assets and liabilities of the Company's German
subsidiary are translated at current exchange rates, while revenue and expenses
are translated at average rates prevailing during the year. Translation
adjustments are reported in other comprehensive income.
Concentration of Credit Risk: A small number of customers accounts for a
substantial portion of the Company's net sales, and therefore also represents a
substantial amount of receivables at any point in time. As of December 31, 2001,
one customer accounted for approximately 9.7% of accounts receivables and four
others collectively accounted for approximately 15.5%. The Company performs
regular credit evaluations of its customers and has not experienced any
significant credit losses.
New Accounting Pronouncements: In June 2001, the Financial Accounting
Standards Board issued Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, "Business
Combinations," (FAS 141) and Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, "Goodwill
and Other Intangible Assets" (FAS 142). FAS 141 establishes new accounting and
reporting standards for business combinations and will require that the purchase
method of accounting be used for all business combinations initiated after June
30, 2001. FAS 142 establishes new standards for goodwill acquired in a business
combination, eliminates amortization of goodwill and sets forth methods for
periodically evaluating goodwill for impairment. The Company is required to
adopt the provisions of these statements no later than the first quarter of its
fiscal year 2002. The implementation of FAS 142 will result in a reduction of
goodwill amortization of approximately $225 thousand per quarter beginning in
2002. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FAS 141.
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Financial
Accounting Standards No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations,"
(FAS 143). FAS 143 addresses financial accounting and reporting for obligations
associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the associated
asset retirement costs. The Company is required to adopt the provisions of FAS
143 no later than the first quarter of its fiscal year 2003. The Company is
currently evaluating the impact of adopting FAS 143.
F-8
In August 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Financial
Accounting Standards No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of
Long-Lived Assets," (FAS 144). FAS 144 addresses financial accounting and
reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. The Company is
required to adopt the provisions of FAS 144 no later than the first quarter of
its fiscal 2002. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FAS
144.
NOTE B -- DEBT
Long-term obligations outstanding are as follows (in thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
------------------
2001 2000
------- -------
$6,000 term loan, $250 principal due monthly, to
June 15, 2002, with interest payable monthly at
9.15%, collateralized by all assets $ 1,750 $ 4,750
$2,725 industrial development bond, principal due
semi-annually with the bond maturing in May 2021.
Interest is payable monthly beginning July 2, 2001
at an adjustable rate of interest 2,695 --
------- -------
Total debt 4,445 4,750
Less current portion (1,810) (3,000)
------- -------
Long-term debt, less current portion $ 2,635 $ 1,750
======= =======
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt before debt discount at December 31,
2001 are as follows (in thousands):
2002 $1,810
2003 60
2004 65
2005 70
2006 35
Thereafter 2,405
------
Total $4,445
======
On May 29, 2001, the Company renewed its credit facility with Wells Fargo
Bank. The credit facility expires May 29, 2003. The credit facility with Wells
Fargo Bank is not to exceed $16.0 million and includes a line of credit and a
term loan. The term loan is payable in monthly principal installments of $250
thousand plus interest, which began August 1, 2000. Interest on the term loan is
fixed at 9.15%. Interest on the line of credit is payable monthly at prime or at
LIBOR plus 2.0%. On June 1, 2001, the Massachusetts Development Finance Agency
issued a $2.7 million industrial development bond on the Company's behalf to
finance the expansion of the Datum TT&M manufacturing facility in Beverly,
Massachusetts. The bond matures on May 1, 2021. Interest on the bond is payable
monthly at an adjustable rate of interest as determined by the remarketing agent
for each rate period to be the lowest rate which in its judgment would permit
the sale of the bonds at par. The bond is collateralized by a letter of credit
issued under the Company's credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank. As of December
31, 2001, the Company had $1.8 million of restricted cash, representing the
remaining proceeds of the Massachusetts industrial development bond. No amounts
were outstanding under the line of credit as of December, 2001.
The current credit agreements impose operating and financial restrictions on
the Company, including a requirement to maintain certain financial ratios and a
certain profitability level. Such restrictions affect, and in some respects
limit or prohibit, among other things, the ability of the Company to incur
additional indebtedness, repay certain indebtedness prior to its stated
maturity, create liens, engage in mergers and acquisitions, transfer assets,
make certain capital expenditures and pay dividends.
NOTE C -- INCOME TAXES
In 2001, 2000, and 1999, pretax income (loss) was attributed to the
following jurisdictions (in thousands):
2001 2000 1999
------ ------ -------
Domestic Operations $ 644 $8,655 $(2,095)
Foreign Operations (232) 242 217
------ ------ -------
Total $ 412 $8,897 $(1,878)
====== ====== =======
F-9
The income tax provision (benefit) comprises the following (in thousands):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
2001 2000 1999
----- ------- -----
Provision (benefit) for income taxes:
Current:
Federal $(919) $ 4,020 $(613)
State 152 729 682
Foreign (104) 109 98
----- ------- -----
(871) 4,858 167
----- ------- -----
Deferred:
Federal 176 (1,295) (207)
State (81) (4) (688)
----- ------- -----
95 (1,299) (895)
----- ------- -----
$(776) $ 3,559 $(728)
====== ======= ======
The tax benefits associated with the exercise of non-qualified stock options
and the grants of restricted stock awards reduced taxes currently payable as
shown above by $0.4 million, $1.4 million and $0.03 million in 2001, 2000 and
1999, respectively. Such benefit was credited to additional paid in capital.
The income tax provision (benefit) differs from the amount computed by
applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income (loss) before taxes as
follows (in thousands):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
---------------- ---------------- ---------------
Pretax Pretax Pretax
Amount Income Amount Income Amount Income
------- ------ ------- ------ ------ ------
Computed expected tax expense (benefit) $ 140 34.0% $ 3,025 34.0% $(640) (34.0%)
State income tax (benefit), net of federal
income tax effect 71 17.1% 639 7.2% (127) (6.8%)
Amortization of excess of purchase price
over net assets acquired 1,072 260.2% 443 5.0% 209 11.0%
Foreign earnings taxed at different
Rates (23) (5.7%) 24 0.3% 22 1.2%
Research and development tax credits (2,000) (485.4%) (785) (8.8%) (242) (12.9%)
Other (36) (8.7%) 213 2.3% 50 2.8%
------- ------ ------- ---- ----- -----
$ (776) (188.3%) $ 3,559 40.0% $(728) (38.7%)
======= ====== ======= ==== ===== =====
The primary components of temporary differences that give rise to the
Company's net deferred tax assets are as follows (in thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
------------------
2001 2000
------- -------
Deferred tax assets:
Inventory $ 1,584 $ 1,627
Accruals and reserves 2,027 2,616
Net operating loss carryovers 9 9
Tax credits 1,711 1,572
------- -------
5,331 5,824
------- -------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment (1,799) (2,162)
Other -- (34)
------- -------
(1,799) (2,196)
------- -------
$ 3,532 $ 3,628
======= =======
F-10
The Company has a California net operating loss carryover of $0.1
million that begins expiring in 2003. The Company also has federal and
California research and development tax credit carryovers of $0.9 million and
$0.8 million, respectively. The federal tax credits begin expiring in 2018 and
the California tax credits do not expire.
NOTE D -- POST-RETIREMENT BENEFITS
Post-retirement benefits are recognized over the employee's service period
based on the expected costs of providing such benefits to the employee and the
employee's beneficiaries after retirement. The Company elected to recognize the
transition obligation over a 20-year period. The remaining unamortized
transition obligation was written off against the curtailment gain in 2001.
The Company's post-retirement benefit program comprises two plans, the life
insurance plan and the health care plan. In December 2001 the Company curtailed
the post-retirement benefit program. As of December 31, 2001, the Company
curtailed the post-retirement medical plan. Any permanent full-time employee who
retires after age 62 and with 12 years of service on or before December 31, 2004
is eligible for participation. The health care plan is a contributory plan.
The following sets forth the Company's post-retirement program's status
reconciled with amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheet (in
thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------
2001 2000
------- -------
Accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 1,551 $ 1,427
Service cost 149 127
Interest cost 104 86
Actuarial gains (139) (59)
Curtailment (824) --
Expected benefits paid (58) (30)
------- -------
Benefit obligation at end of year 783 1,551
Plan assets at fair value -- --
------- -------
Accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation in
excess of plan assets 783 1,551
Unrecognized transition obligation -- (361)
Unrecognized net gain (loss) 456 (2)
------- -------
Accrued post-retirement benefit obligation $ 1,239 $ 1,188
======= =======
Net periodic post-retirement benefit cost includes the following components (in
thousands):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
2001 2000 1999
----- ---- ----
Service cost $ 149 $127 $127
Interest cost 104 86 86
Amortization of transition obligation 30 30 30
Amortization of actuarial loss (16) 3 3
Amortization of prior service cost 17 -- --
----- ---- ----
Net periodic postretirement expense 284 246 246
Curtailment (213) -- --
----- ---- ----
$ 71 $246 $246
===== ==== ====
Discount rate 7.50% 6.75% 6.75%
===== ==== ====
For measurement purposes, a 12% annual rate of increase in the per capita
cost of covered healthcare benefits was assumed for 2002. The rate was assumed
to decrease gradually to 5.5% for 2009 and remain at that level thereafter. The
effect of one percentage point increase in the assumed healthcare cost trend
rate would increase the total of the service and interest cost components by
$300 and increase the post-retirement benefit obligation by $2,000. A one
percent decrease in the assumed trend rate would decrease the total of the
service and interest components by $200 and decrease the post-retirement benefit
obligation by $2,000.
F-11
NOTE E -- COMMON STOCK
In June 1994, the stockholders of the Company approved the 1994 Incentive
Stock Plan. This plan provides for the granting of incentive or nonqualified
options or restricted shares of the Company's common stock to the Company's
officers, directors and employees and also to consultants, business associates
and others with important business relationships with the Company. The exercise
price of the shares covered by each nonqualified option granted and purchase
price of restricted shares is determined by the Administrator. The exercise
price of common stock covered by each incentive option cannot be less than the
fair market value of such shares on the date of grant. As of December 31, 2001
there have been no nonqualified options issued at an exercise price less than
the market value on the date of grant and there have been no incentive options
granted. Generally, options vest in 25% increments over four years and have a
10-year term. The initial shares available under the Plan for issuance were
250,000 with annual increases of 50,000 on the last day of each calendar year.
The stockholders of the Company approved amendments to the Plan, providing for
200,000 additional option shares in March 1995, June 1997, June 1998 and June
2000, to be reserved for issuance thereunder. In June 1998, the stockholders
also approved an amendment to change the annual increase from 50,000 to 2% of
the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the Company's fiscal
year-end. As of December 31, 2001, 1,722,752 shares have been reserved for the
Plan.
Stock option activity includes 31,000 shares of restricted stock awarded in
2001. Unvested restricted stock awards as of December 31, 2001 totaled 36,142
with vesting periods from one to seven years.
Stock option activity for years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999 is
as follows:
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
------------------------------
NUMBER WEIGHTED AVERAGE
OF SHARES EXERCISE PRICE
--------- ----------------
Outstanding at December 31, 1998 822,148 $11.35
Granted 316,500 $ 7.18
Exercised (20,000) $ 4.28
Cancelled (89,000) $13.89
--------- ------
Outstanding at December 31, 1999 1,029,648 $ 9.99
Granted 373,750 $20.70
Exercised (183,473) $ 7.98
Cancelled (90,438) $11.70
--------- ------
Outstanding at December 31, 2000 1,129,487 $13.72
========= ======
Granted 144,000 $15.76
Exercised (26,625) $ 8.56
Cancelled (52,000) $16.35
--------- ------
Outstanding at December 31, 2001 1,194,862 $13.97
========= ======
As of December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, there were 232,140, 226,455 and
188,542 shares, respectively, available for grant under the 1994 Incentive Stock
Plan.
Additional information regarding options outstanding at December 31, 2001 is as
follows:
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
---------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
NUMBER WEIGHTED AVERAGE WEIGHTED NUMBER WEIGHTED
RANGE OF OUTSTANDING REMAINING AVERAGE EXERCISABLE AVERAGE
EXERCISE PRICES AS OF 12/31/01 CONTRACTUAL LIFE EXERCISE PRICE AS OF 12/31/01 EXERCISE PRICE
--------------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
$ 4.25 - $ 7.00 241,162 6.74 $ 6.55 138,787 $ 6.27
$ 7.25 - $10.76 264,700 5.62 $10.17 245,825 $10.35
$10.81 - $13.88 257,250 7.39 $13.58 125,500 $13.69
$13.90 - $21.88 378,000 8.20 $20.03 125,058 $19.61
$22.69 - $28.88 53,750 8.05 $25.21 18,750 $24.88
--------------- --------- ---- ------ ------- ------
$ 4.25 - $28.88 1,194,862 7.15 $13.97 653,920 $12.31
=============== ========= ==== ====== ======= ======
In June 1997, the stockholders of the Company approved the Employee Stock
Purchase Plan ("the Purchase Plan"), which authorized the Company to issue and
reserve for the Purchase Plan, or purchase up to an aggregate of 250,000 shares
of common stock in open market transactions for the benefit of participating
employees during the term of the Purchase Plan. The purchase price per share for
which shares of common stock are purchased in an offering period under the
Purchase Plan is the lesser of 85% of the fair market value of a share of common
stock on the grant date or 85% of the fair market value of a share of
F-12
common stock on the purchase date. Shares issued under the Plan were 37,342 in
2001, 17,451 in 2000 and 35,922 in 1999 at a weighted average price of $10.42,
$17.14 and $6.16, respectively.
Had compensation cost been determined on the basis of fair value pursuant
to FAS 123 net income (loss) and net income (loss) per share would have been as
follows (in thousands, except share data):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------ ------ -------
Net income (loss)
As reported $1,188 $5,338 $(1,150)
====== ====== =======
Pro forma $ (656) $3,994 $(2,108)
====== ====== =======
Net income (loss) per share
As reported - Diluted $ 0.19 $ 0.85 $ (0.20)
====== ====== =======
Pro forma - Diluted $(0.11) $ 0.63 $ (0.37)
====== ====== =======
Pro forma information regarding net income (loss) and net earnings (loss)
per common share has been estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model based on the following assumptions:
EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
-------------------------- ----------------------------
2001 2000 1999 2001 2000 1999
------ ------ ------ ----- ------ -----
Expected life (years) 5 5 5 0.25 0.25 0.25
Expected volatility 83.48% 82.92% 78.86% 2.54% 89.46% 75.29%
Risk free interest rate 4.73% 6.06% 5.55% 4.48% 5.86% 4.67%
Expected dividend yield 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
The Black-Scholes option-pricing model was developed for use in estimating
the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully
transferable and negotiable in a free trading market. In addition, option
valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including
the expected stock price volatility. Because the Company's options have
characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and
because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the
fair value estimate, in the opinion of management, the existing models do not
necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its options.
The weighted average estimated fair values of stock options granted during 2001,
2000 and 1999 were $10.80, $14.42 and $4.83 per share, respectively. The
weighted average estimated fair values of shares granted under the Employee
Stock Purchase Plan during 2001, 2000 and 1999 were $4.43, $5.65 and $1.93 per
share, respectively.
The Company issued common stock warrants in connection with a debt issuance
in 1995 allowing for the purchase of up to 175,000 shares of common stock at an
exercise price of $11.50 per share. As a result of the Company's follow-on
public offering in 1997 and the acquisition of Digital Delivery in 1999, the
warrants were adjusted to allow for the purchase of 176,303 shares of common
stock at an adjusted exercise price of $11.415. The value of the common stock
warrants is included in additional paid-in capital.
NOTE F -- SAVINGS AND RETIREMENT PLAN
Effective July 1, 1984, the Company adopted a savings and retirement plan
which covers all eligible employees. The plan provides for matching by the
Company of 100% of the first 3% of employee deferral. Employer matching
contributions are made in the form of shares of the Company's common stock.
Total retirement expense under the Plan amounted to $0.7 million, $0.8 million
and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively. Employees vest in increments of 20% for each year of service and
are fully vested after 5 years.
NOTE G -- SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION
The Company has four reportable segments: Wireless; Wireline; Timing, Test
and Measurement (TT&M); and Trusted Time. The Wireless segment, in Irvine, CA,
produces equipment primarily for the wireless telecommunications market. The
Wireline segment, in Austin, TX and Hofolding, Germany, manufactures products
primarily for the wireline telecommunications market. In Beverly, MA, the TT&M
segment, goods are produced for the enterprise computing, test and measurement,
telecommunications and satellite markets. The Trusted Time segment, in
Lexington, MA, produces products for the information technology market.
The accounting policies for the segments are the same as those described in the
"Summary of Significant Accounting Policies." The Company evaluates the
performance of its segments and allocates resources to them based on operating
income. Segment net sales include sales to external customers and to other
Company segments (intersegment sales).
F-13
Segment operating income does not include corporate expenses, amortization
of goodwill, and intersegment profit elimination. Identifiable assets include
accounts receivable, inventories, capitalized software development costs, and
land, building and equipment and do not include cash, income tax refund
receivable and deferred income taxes, prepaid expenses, goodwill and other
long-term corporate assets.
The Company accounts for intersegment sales and transfers at terms that
allow a reasonable profit to the seller.
The Company's reportable segments are strategic business units that offer
different product and services. They are managed separately because each
business utilizes different technology and requires different marketing
strategies. All of the businesses were acquired as a unit, and the management
teams at the time of the acquisitions were retained.
The table below presents information about reported segments for the years
ended December 31 (in thousands):
TRUSTED
2001 WIRELESS WIRELINE TT&M TIME TOTAL
-------- -------- ------- ------- --------
Net sales $ 40,664 $52,135 $32,580 $ 1,745 $127,124
Operating income (loss) 4,571 4,773 3,949 (3,108) 10,185
Identifiable assets 18,989 22,262 22,560 3,791 67,602
Capital expenditures 694 1,426 1,185 128 3,433
2000
Net sales $ 57,904 $56,172 $32,172 $ 470 $146,718
Operating income (loss) 11,365 10,041 2,396 (4,204) 19,598
Identifiable assets 23,927 29,936 17,406 1,159 72,428
Capital expenditures 1,221 1,200 756 446 3,723
1999
Net sales $ 43,277 $36,528 $29,354 $ 130 $109,289
Operating income (loss) (2,259) 5,461 1,918 (504) 4,616
Identifiable assets 17,125 20,883 17,122 206 55,336
Capital expenditures 589 1,018 678 74 2,359
F-14
A reconciliation of total segment net sales, operating income, identifiable
assets and capital expenditures to total consolidated amounts, for the years
ended December 31 is as follows (in thousands):
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- ---------
NET SALES
Total segment net sales $ 127,124 $ 146,718 $ 109,289
Elimination of intersegment revenue (17,380) (14,479) (9,121)
--------- --------- ---------
Consolidated net sales $ 109,744 $ 132,239 $ 100,168
========= ========= =========
OPERATING INCOME
Total operating income for segment sales $ 10,185 $ 19,598 $ 4,616
Corporate expense (4,824) (5,790) (2,952)
Amortization of goodwill and step-up depreciation
from acquisitions (2,250) (2,867) (2,179)
Write-down of impaired asset (2,718) -- --
Intercompany profit 276 (585) 32
--------- --------- ---------
Consolidated operating income $ 669 $ 10,356 $ (483)
========= ========= =========
IDENTIFIABLE ASSETS
Total segment assets $ 67,602 $ 72,428 $ 55,336
Goodwill and fixed assets step-up from acquisitions 11,230 16,016 18,883
Cash 4,209 1,017 8,271
Income tax receivable and 5,754 4,774 3,822
deferred income taxes
Other assets 1,390 1,042 1,470
--------- --------- ---------
Consolidated assets $ 90,187 $ 95,276 $ 87,782
========= ========= =========
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
Total segment capital expenditures $ 3,433 $ 3,723 $ 2,359
Other additions 4 -- --
--------- --------- ---------
Consolidated capital expenditures $ 3,437 $ 3,723 $ 2,359
========= ========= =========
The following table sets forth the geographical components of international
sales for the years ended December 31 (in thousands):
INTERNATIONAL SALES 2001 2000 1999
------- ------- -------
Germany $11,117 $ 3,406 $ 2,965
China 7,107 3,960 1,208
Brazil 1,763 3,736 1,530
Switzerland 1,410 924 744
Japan 1,152 1,379 885
South Korea 976 2,484 2,974
Israel 919 501 436
Other 9,467 16,426 13,854
------- ------- -------
$33,911 $32,816 $24,596
======= ======= =======
Sales to one customer represented 20%, 33% and 33% of the Company's
consolidated net sales in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
NOTE H -- COMMITMENTS
Total rental expense for operating leases amounted to $2.1 million, $1.7
million and $1.6 million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The future
minimum rental commitments under all non-cancelable operating leases, exclusive
of property taxes and certain occupancy costs, are as follows (in thousands):
2002 $2,085
2003 1,873
2004 1,607
2005 921
2006 18
Thereafter --
------
Total minimum lease payments $6,504
======
F-15
NOTE I -- SUMMARIZED QUARTERLY DATA (UNAUDITED)
The following financial information reflects all normal recurring
adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair
statement of the results of the interim periods. Summarized quarterly data for
the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000 is as follows (in thousands, except
per share data):
QUARTER ENDED
--------------------------------------------
MARCH 31 JUNE 30 SEPT. 30 DEC. 31
-------- -------- -------- -------
2001:
Net sales $32,252 $ 28,591 $25,670 $23,230
Gross profit $14,791 $ 13,047 $11,651 $ 8,781
Net income $ 1,753 $ (1,171) $ 313 $ 295
Net income per share - basic $ 0.29 $ (0.19) $ 0.05 $ 0.05
Net income per share - diluted $ 0.28 $ (0.19) $ 0.05 $ 0.05
2000:
Net sales $28,944 $ 33,567 $36,197 $33,531
Gross profit $12,222 $ 15,880 $16,421 $14,663
Net income $ 328 $ 1,062 $ 2,047 $ 1,900
Net income per share - basic $ 0.06 $ 0.18 $ 0.34 $ 0.32
Net income per share - diluted $ 0.05 $ 0.17 $ 0.32 $ 0.30
F-16
DATUM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE II -- VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(IN THOUSANDS)
BALANCE AT BALANCE
BEGINNING AT END OF
DESCRIPTION OF PERIOD ADDITIONS DEDUCTIONS PERIOD
----------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 664 $ 222 $ 312 $ 574
Reserve for inventories 3,410 1,462 1,092 3,780
Accumulated amortization of acquired
intangible assets 7,412 4,047 -- 11,459
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 561 $ 814 $ 711 $ 664
Reserve for inventories 4,157 1,431 2,178 3,410
Accumulated amortization of acquired
intangible assets 5,285 2,127 -- 7,412
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1999
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 153 $ 420 $ 12 $ 561
Reserve for inventories 4,536 2,684 3,063 4,157
Accumulated amortization of acquired
intangible assets 3,845 1,440 -- 5,285
S-1
EXHIBIT INDEX
SEQUENTIALLY
EXHIBIT NUMBERED
NUMBER DESCRIPTION PAGE
- ------ ----------- ----
2.2 Agreement and Plan of Merger Agreement, dated July 29, 1999, among
the Registrant, Digital Delivery, Inc., certain stockholders of
Digital Delivery and Datum Acquisition Sub, Inc. (incorporated by
reference to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated
July 29, 1999, as amended) --
3.1 Certificate of Incorporation of Datum Inc., a Delaware
corporation, as amended to date (incorporated by reference to the
same numbered exhibit on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996). --
3.2 Bylaws of Datum Inc. as amended to date (incorporated by reference
to the exhibit 1 on Form 8-K dated November 17, 1999). --
4.2 Rights Agreement, dated as of November 8, 1999, between the
Registrant and ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, L.L.C.
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form 8-A, Registration No. 000-06272). --
10.4 1984 Stock Option Plan, as amended to date (incorporated by
reference to Registrant's Registration Statements on Form S-8,
Registration No.'s 2-96564, 33-10035 and 33-41709). --
10.10 Form of Indemnification Agreement dated May 27, 1987 as entered
into with certain directors and officers of Registrant
(incorporated by reference to same numbered exhibit to
Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1991). --
10.19 Savings and Retirement Plan, as amended to date (incorporated by
reference to same numbered exhibit to Registrant's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1991). --
10.21 Consulting Agreement dated October 9, 1992 with Louis B. Horwitz
(incorporated by reference to same numbered exhibit to
Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1992). --
10.21.1 First Amendment to Consulting Agreement, dated as of March 1,
1996, between Louis B. Horwitz and the Registrant (incorporated by
reference to the same numbered exhibit to Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996). --
10.29 1994 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No.
33-79772). --
10.29.1 Amendment to 1994 Stock Incentive Plan, effective March 17, 1995.
(incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994). --
10.29.2 Second Amendment to 1994 Stock Incentive Plan, effective June 5,
1997 (incorporated by reference to Registrant's Registration
Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 33-79772). --
10.32 Lease Agreement dated September 15, 1986 by and between The Irvine
Company and Efratom Division, Ball Corporation, for Efratom Time
and Frequency Products, Inc.'s facility at 3 Parker, Irvine,
California. (incorporated by reference to the same numbered
exhibit on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994). --
SEQUENTIALLY
EXHIBIT NUMBERED
NUMBER DESCRIPTION PAGE
- ------ ----------- ----
10.32.1 First Amendment to Lease dated March 15, 1995 by and between The
Irvine Company and Efratom Division, Ball Corporation for Lease
Agreement dated September 15, 1986 (Exhibit 10.32) (incorporated
by reference to the same numbered exhibit on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1994). --
10.32.2 Amendment to Leases dated May 11, 1995 between the Irvine Company
and the Registrant (incorporated by reference to the same numbered
exhibit on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1995). --
10.32.4 Second Amendment to Lease dated May 11, 1995 for 3 Parker
(incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1995). --
10.34 Industrial Lease dated May 11, 1995 between the Irvine Company and
the Registrant (incorporated by reference to the same numbered
exhibit to the Registrant's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June
30, 1995). --
10.35 Lease Agreement dated January 4, 1996, by and between Berg & Berg
Developers and the Registrant relating to Registrant's Facility at
6781 Via Del Oro, San Jose, California (incorporated by reference
to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1995). --
10.37 Common Stock Purchase Warrant, dated September 27, 1996
(incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to the
Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 1996). --
10.41 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to
registrant proxy statement for its Annual Meeting of Stockholders
on June 5, 1997, filed with the commission on May 1, 1997). --
10.42 Employee Agreement dated March 27, 1998, between the Company and
Erik H. van der Kaay (incorporated by reference to the same
numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended March 31, 1998). --
10.43 Non-qualified stock option agreement, dated April 6, 1998, between
the Company and Erik H. van der Kaay (incorporated by reference to
the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1998. --
10.44 Restricted stock grant agreement, dated April 6, 1998, between the
Company and Erik H. van der Kaay (incorporated by reference to the
same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1998. --
10.45 Agreement with Lucent Technologies Inc., signed July 2, 1998.
(Portions of this Exhibit are omitted and were filed separately
with the Secretary of the Commission pursuant to the Company's
application requesting confidential treatment under Rule 406 of
the Securities Act of 1933.) --
10.47 Severance Compensation Agreement, dated October 29, 1999, by and
between the Registrant and Erik van der Kaay (incorporated by
reference to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Amended
Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31,
1999). --
10.49 Severance Compensation Agreement, dated October 29, 1999, by and
between the Registrant and Paul E. Baia (incorporated by reference
to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Amended Annual
Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 1999). --
SEQUENTIALLY
EXHIBIT NUMBERED
NUMBER DESCRIPTION PAGE
- ------ ----------- ----
10.50 Severance Compensation Agreement, dated October 29, 1999, by and
between the Registrant and Michael J. Patrick (incorporated by
reference to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Amended
Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31,
1999). --
10.51 Severance Compensation Agreement, dated October 29, 1999, by and
between the Registrant and John J. Rice (incorporated by reference
to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Amended Annual
Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 1999). --
10.52 Severance Compensation Agreement, dated October 29, 1999, by and
between the Registrant and Raymond L. Waguespack (incorporated by
reference to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Amended
Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31,
1999). --
10.53 Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of July 7,
2000, by and between the Registrant and Wells Fargo Bank, National
Association (incorporated by reference to the same numbered
exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 30, 2000). --
10.54 Third Amended and Restated Revolving Line of Credit Note, dated
July 7, 2000, issued by the Registrant in favor of Wells Fargo
Bank, National Association (incorporated by reference to the same
numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended September 30, 2000). --
10.55 Term Note dated July 7, 2000, issued by the Registrant in favor of
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (incorporated by reference
to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000). --
10.56 Severance Compensation Agreement dated December 8, 2000, by and
between the Registrant and Robert J. Krist (incorporated by --
reference to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,
2001).
10.57 Loan and Trust Agreement, dated May 1, 2001, among Massachusetts
Development Finance Agency and Frequency and Time Systems, Inc.
and Wells Fargo Brokerage Services, LLC (incorporated by reference --
to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001).
10.58 Bond Purchase Agreement, dated May 30, 2001, by and among
Massachusetts Development Finance Agency and Frequency and Time
Systems, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank Minnesota, National
Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to the same --
numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001).
10.59 Remarketing Agreement, dated May 1, 2001, among Wells Fargo
Brokerage Services, LLC, Frequency and Time Systems, Inc. and
Wells Fargo Bank Minnesota, National Association, as trustee --
(incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to the
Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
June 30, 2001).
10.60 Amendment No. 2 to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement,
dated May 29, 2001, by and between Datum Inc. and Wells Fargo
Bank, National Association (incorporated by reference to the same --
numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001).
10.61 Severance Compensation Agreement dated July 11, 2001, by and
between the Registrant and Ilan Havered (incorporated by reference --
to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2001).
21 List of Subsidiaries --
23.1 Consent of Independent Accountants --
DATUM INC.
FORM 10-K -- ITEM 14(a)(3)
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PLANS AND ARRANGEMENTS
10.4 1984 Stock Option Plan, as amended to date (incorporated by
reference to Registrant's Registration Statements on Form S-8
Registration numbers 2-96564, 33-10035 and 33-41709).
10.10 Form of Indemnification Agreement dated May 27, 1987 as entered
into with certain directors and officers of Registrant
(incorporated by reference to same numbered exhibit to
Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1991).
10.21 Consulting Agreement dated October 9, 1992 with Louis B. Horwitz
(incorporated by reference to same numbered exhibit to
Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1992).
10.21.1 First Amendment to Consulting Agreement, dated as of March 1,
1996, between Louis B. Horwitz and the Registrant (incorporated by
reference to the same numbered exhibit to Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996).
10.29 1994 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No.
33-79772).
10.29.1 Amendment to 1994 Stock Incentive Plan, effective March 16, 1995
(incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit to
Registrant's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994).
10.29.2 Second Amendment to 1994 Stock Incentive Plan, effective June 5,
1997 (incorporated by reference to Registrant's Registration
Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 33-79772).
10.41 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to
registrant proxy statement for its Annual Meeting of Stockholders
on June 5, 1997, filed with the commission on May 1, 1997).
10.42 Employment Agreement, dated March 27, 1998, between the Company
and Erik H. van der Kaay (incorporated by reference to the same
numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended March 31, 1998).
10.43 Non-qualified Stock Option Agreement, dated April 6, 1998, between
the Company and Erik H. van der Kaay (incorporated by reference to
the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1998).
10.44 Restricted Stock Grant Agreement, dated April 6, 1998, between the
Company and Erik H. van der Kaay (incorporated by reference to the
same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1998).
10.47 Severance Compensation Agreement, dated October 29, 1999, by and
between the Registrant and Erik van der Kaay (incorporated by
reference to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Amended
Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31,
1999).
10.49 Severance Compensation Agreement, dated October 29, 1999, by and
between the Registrant and Paul E. Baia (incorporated by reference
to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Amended Annual
Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 1999).
10.50 Severance Compensation Agreement, dated October 29, 1999, by and
between the Registrant and Michael J. Patrick (incorporated by
reference to the same numbered
exhibit to the Registrant's Amended Annual Report on Form 10-K/A
for the year ended December 31, 1999).
10.51 Severance Compensation Agreement, dated October 29, 1999, by and
between the Registrant and John J. Rice (incorporated by reference
to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Amended Annual
Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 1999).
10.52 Severance Compensation Agreement, dated October 29, 1999, by and
between the Registrant and Raymond L. Waguespack (incorporated by
reference to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Amended
Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31,
1999).
10.57 Severance Compensation Agreement dated December 8, 2000, by and
between the Registrant and Robert J. Krist (incorporated by
reference to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,
2001).
10.61 Severance Compensation Agreement dated July 11, 2001, by and
between the Registrant and Ilan Havered (incorporated by reference
to the same numbered exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2001).