EXHIBIT 12.3 UNION OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES Year ended December 31 ----------------------------------------------------------- Millions of dollars 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Earnings from continuing operations $ 152 $ 687 $ 468 $ 251 $ 111 Provision for income taxes 188 119 302 226 161 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Earnings subtotal 340 806 770 477 272 Fixed charges included in earnings: Interest expense 177 183 279 291 275 Interest portion of rentals 20 23 40 41 50 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fixed charges subtotal 197 206 319 332 325 Earnings from continuing operations available before fixed charges $ 537 $1,012 $1,089 $ 809 $ 597 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fixed charges: Fixed charges included in earnings 197 206 319 332 325 Capitalized interest 26 35 15 35 30 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total fixed charges $ 223 $ 241 $ 334 $ 367 $ 355 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratio of earnings from continuing operations to fixed charges 2.4 4.2 3.3 2.2 1.7 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (a) Includes pre-tax impairment of: 102 69 75 105 71 The ratio of earnings, excluding impairment, to fixed charges would be: 2.9 4.5 3.5 2.5 1.9 (b) Calculated as one-third of operating rental expense.