Exhibit 4.1
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EXECUTION COPY
INDENTURE
among
AAMES MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST 2005-2
Issuer
WELLS FARGO BANK, N.A.,
Trust Administrator
and
DEUTSCHE BANK NATIONAL TRUST COMPANY
Indenture Trustee
Dated as of May 1, 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
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ARTICLE ONE
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Section 1.01. Definitions.....................................................................................2
Section 1.02. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act...............................................8
Section 1.03. Rules of Construction...........................................................................8
ARTICLE TWO
THE NOTES
Section 2.01. Form............................................................................................9
Section 2.02. Execution, Authentication and Delivery..........................................................9
Section 2.03. Limitation on Transfer of Notes................................................................10
Section 2.04. Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange............................................11
Section 2.05. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes.....................................................13
Section 2.06. Persons Deemed Owners..........................................................................13
Section 2.07. Payment of Principal and Interest..............................................................14
Section 2.08. Cancellation...................................................................................15
Section 2.09. Release of Collateral..........................................................................15
Section 2.10. Book-Entry Notes...............................................................................15
Section 2.11. Notices to Clearing Agency.....................................................................16
Section 2.12. Definitive Notes...............................................................................16
Section 2.13. Tax Treatment..................................................................................17
ARTICLE THREE
COVENANTS
Section 3.01. Payment of Principal and Interest..............................................................17
Section 3.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency................................................................17
Section 3.03. Money for Payments to be Held in Trust.........................................................17
Section 3.04. Existence......................................................................................19
Section 3.05. Protection of Collateral.......................................................................19
Section 3.06. Opinions as to Collateral......................................................................20
Section 3.07. Performance of Obligations.....................................................................20
Section 3.08. Negative Covenants.............................................................................21
Section 3.09. Annual Statement as to Compliance..............................................................22
Section 3.10. Treatment of Notes as Debt for Tax Purposes....................................................22
Section 3.11. [Reserved].....................................................................................22
Section 3.12. No Other Business..............................................................................23
Section 3.13. No Borrowing...................................................................................23
Section 3.14. [Reserved].....................................................................................23
Section 3.15. Guarantees, Loans, Advances and Other Liabilities..............................................23
Section 3.16. Capital Expenditures...........................................................................23
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Section 3.17. Removal of Trust Administrator.................................................................23
Section 3.18. Restricted Payments............................................................................23
Section 3.19. Notice of Events of Default....................................................................23
Section 3.20. Further Instruments and Acts...................................................................23
Section 3.21. Covenants of the Issuer........................................................................24
Section 3.22. Representations and Warranties of the Issuer...................................................24
ARTICLE FOUR
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
Section 4.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture........................................................25
Section 4.02. Application of Trust Money.....................................................................26
Section 4.03. Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent.......................................................26
Section 4.04. Trust Money Received by Indenture Trustee......................................................26
ARTICLE FIVE
REMEDIES
Section 5.01. Events of Default..............................................................................26
Section 5.02. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.............................................28
Section 5.03. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Indenture Trustee......................28
Section 5.04. Remedies; Priorities...........................................................................30
Section 5.05. Optional Preservation of the Collateral........................................................32
Section 5.06. Limitation of Suits............................................................................32
Section 5.07. Unconditional Rights of Noteholders To Receive Principal and Interest..........................33
Section 5.08. Restoration of Rights and Remedies.............................................................33
Section 5.09. Rights and Remedies Cumulative.................................................................33
Section 5.10. Delay or Omission Not a Waiver.................................................................33
Section 5.11. Control by Noteholders.........................................................................33
Section 5.12. Waiver of Past Defaults........................................................................34
Section 5.13. Undertaking for Costs..........................................................................34
Section 5.14. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws...............................................................35
Section 5.15. Action on Notes................................................................................35
Section 5.16. Performance and Enforcement of Certain Obligations.............................................35
ARTICLE SIX
THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE
Section 6.01. Duties of Indenture Trustee....................................................................36
Section 6.02. Rights of Indenture Trustee....................................................................38
Section 6.03. Individual Rights of Indenture Trustee.........................................................38
Section 6.04. Indenture Trustee's Disclaimer.................................................................38
Section 6.05. Notice of Defaults.............................................................................39
Section 6.06. Reports by Trust Administrator to Holders......................................................39
Section 6.07. Compensation and Indemnity.....................................................................39
Section 6.08. Replacement of Indenture Trustee...............................................................40
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Section 6.09. Successor Indenture Trustee or Trust Administrator by Merger...................................40
Section 6.10. Appointment of Co-Indenture Trustee or Separate Indenture Trustee..............................41
Section 6.11. Eligibility; Disqualification..................................................................42
Section 6.12. Representations and Warranties.................................................................42
Section 6.13. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuer...............................................43
ARTICLE SEVEN
NOTEHOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS
Section 7.01. Note Registrar To Furnish to the Indenture Trustee the Names and Addresses of Noteholders......43
Section 7.02. Preservation of Information; Communications to Noteholders.....................................43
Section 7.03. Reports by Issuer..............................................................................44
Section 7.04. Reports by Indenture Trustee...................................................................44
ARTICLE EIGHT
ACCOUNTS, DISBURSEMENTS AND RELEASES
Section 8.01. Collection of Money............................................................................44
Section 8.02. Collection Account.............................................................................45
Section 8.03. Release of Collateral..........................................................................45
ARTICLE NINE
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
Section 9.01. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Noteholders.........................................45
Section 9.02. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Noteholders............................................47
Section 9.03. Execution of Supplemental Indentures...........................................................48
Section 9.04. Effect of Supplemental Indenture...............................................................48
Section 9.05. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act............................................................48
Section 9.06. Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures..................................................48
Section 9.07. Opinion of Counsel.............................................................................48
ARTICLE TEN
REDEMPTION OF NOTES
Section 10.01. Redemption.....................................................................................49
Section 10.02. Form of Redemption Notice......................................................................49
Section 10.03. Notes Payable on Applicable Redemption Date....................................................49
ARTICLE ELEVEN
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Compliance Certificates and Opinions, etc......................................................50
Section 11.02. Form of Documents Delivered to Indenture Trustee...............................................50
Section 11.03. Acts of Noteholders............................................................................51
Section 11.04. Notices, etc., to Indenture Trustee, Trust Administrator, Issuer and Rating Agencies...........51
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Section 11.05. Notices to Noteholders; Waiver.................................................................52
Section 11.06. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act..............................................................53
Section 11.07. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.......................................................53
Section 11.08. Successors and Assigns.........................................................................53
Section 11.09. Severability...................................................................................53
Section 11.10. Benefits of Indenture and Consents of Noteholders..............................................53
Section 11.11. Legal Holidays.................................................................................53
Section 11.12. Governing Law..................................................................................53
Section 11.13. Counterparts...................................................................................53
Section 11.14. Recording of Indenture.........................................................................54
Section 11.15. Trust Obligations..............................................................................54
Section 11.16. No Petition....................................................................................54
Section 11.17. Inspection.....................................................................................55
EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT A Forms of Notes
EXHIBIT B Form of ERISA Transfer Affidavit
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This INDENTURE, dated as of May 1, 2005, is among AAMES MORTGAGE
INVESTMENT TRUST 2005-2, a Delaware statutory trust (the "Issuer"), WELLS
FARGO BANK, N.A., as Trust Administrator (the "Trust Administrator") and
DEUTSCHE BANK NATIONAL TRUST COMPANY, as indenture trustee and not in its
individual capacity (the "Indenture Trustee").
Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party, for the
equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Issuer's variable rate Notes
in the Classes specified herein (the "Notes"):
GRANTING CLAUSE
The Issuer hereby Grants to the Indenture Trustee at the Closing Date, as
Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, all of the
Issuer's right, title and interest, whether now owned or hereafter acquired,
in and to: (i) the Trust Estate; (ii) the Issuer's rights and benefits but
none of its obligations under the Transfer and Servicing Agreement (including
the Issuer's right to cause the Seller to repurchase Mortgage Loans from the
Issuer under the circumstances described therein); (iii) the Issuer's rights
and benefits but none of its obligations under the Custodial Agreement; (iv)
the Issuer's rights and benefits but none of its obligations under the
Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement; (v) the Trust Account and the Interest Rate
Cap Account and all amounts and property in the Trust Account and the Interest
Rate Cap Account from time to time, and the Security Entitlements to all
Financial Assets credited to such accounts from time to time; (vi) all other
property of the Trust from time to time; and (vii) all present and future
claims, demands, causes of action and choses in action in respect of any or
all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all proceeds of every
kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or all of the foregoing,
including all proceeds of the conversion thereof, voluntary or involuntary,
into cash or other liquid property, all cash proceeds, accounts, accounts
receivable, notes, drafts, acceptances, chattel paper, checks, deposit
accounts, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards, rights to payment of any
and every kind and other forms of obligations and receivables, instruments and
other property which at any time constitute all or part of or are included in
the proceeds of any of the foregoing (collectively, the "Collateral").
The foregoing Grant is made in trust to secure the payment of
principal of and interest on, and any other amounts owing in respect of, the
Notes, and to secure (i) the payment of all amounts due on the Notes in
accordance with their terms, (ii) the payment of all other sums payable under
the Indenture with respect to the Notes, and (iii) compliance with the
provisions of this Indenture, all as provided in this Indenture.
The Indenture Trustee, as Indenture Trustee on behalf of the Holders
of the Notes, acknowledges such Grant, accepts the trusts under this Indenture
in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and agrees to perform its
duties required of it in this Indenture in accordance with its terms.
ARTICLE ONE
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
Section 1.01. Definitions. (a) Except as otherwise specified herein or as
the context may otherwise require, the following terms have the respective
meanings set forth below for all purposes of this Indenture.
Act: The meaning specified in Section 11.03(a).
Authorized Officer: With respect to the Issuer, any officer of the Owner
Trustee who is authorized to act for the Owner Trustee in matters relating to
the Issuer and who is identified on the list of Authorized Officers delivered
by the Owner Trustee to the Indenture Trustee on the Closing Date (as such
list may be modified or supplemented from time to time thereafter) and, so
long as the Transfer and Servicing Agreement is in effect, any Vice President,
Assistant Vice President, Trust Officer or more senior officer of the Trust
Administrator who is authorized to act for the Trust Administrator in matters
relating to the Issuer and to be acted upon by the Trust Administrator
pursuant to the Transfer and Servicing Agreement and who is identified on the
list of Authorized Officers delivered by the Trust Administrator to the
Indenture Trustee on the Closing Date (as such list may be modified or
supplemented from time to time thereafter).
Book-Entry Notes: Beneficial interests in Notes designated as "Book-Entry
Notes" in this Indenture, ownership and transfers of which shall be evidenced
or made through book entries by a Clearing Agency as described in Section
2.11; provided, that after the occurrence of a condition whereupon Definitive
Notes are to be issued to Note Owners, such Book-Entry Notes shall no longer
be "Book-Entry Notes."
Certificate of Trust: The certificate of trust of the Issuer
substantially in the form of Exhibit C to the Trust Agreement.
Clearing Agency: An organization registered as a "clearing agency"
pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act, as amended. As of the Closing
Date, the Clearing Agency shall be The Depository Trust Company.
Clearing Agency Participant: A broker, dealer, bank, other financial
institution or other Person for whom from time to time a Clearing Agency
effects book entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the
Clearing Agency.
Clearstream: Clearstream Banking, societe anonyme, and any successor
thereto.
Collateral: The meaning specified in the Granting Clause of this
Indenture.
Commission: The Securities and Exchange Commission.
Corporate Trust Office: With respect to the Indenture Trustee, the
designated office of the Indenture Trustee in the State of California at which
at any particular time its corporate trust business with respect to this
Agreement is administered, which office at the date of the execution of this
Agreement is located at 1761 East St. Andrew Place, Santa Ana, California
92705, Attn:
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Trust Administration-AA0502, and which is the address to which notices to and
correspondence with the Indenture Trustee should be directed, or at such other
address as the Indenture Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to
the Holders, the Issuer and the Trust Administrator or the principal corporate
trust office of any successor Indenture Trustee. With respect to the Note
Registrar and presentment of Notes for registration of transfer, exchange or
final payment, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, Sixth Street and
Marquette Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55479, Attention: Corporate Trust,
Aames 2005-2, and for all other purposes, P.O. Box 98, Columbia, Maryland
21046 (or for overnight deliveries, 9062 Old Annapolis Road, Columbia,
Maryland 21045), Attention: Corporate Trust, Aames 2005-2.
Current Interest: As defined in the Transfer and Servicing Agreement.
Default: Any occurrence that is, or with notice or the lapse of time or
both would become, an Event of Default.
Definitive Notes: The meaning specified in Section 2.10.
Depository Institution: Any depository institution or trust company,
including the Indenture Trustee, that (a) is incorporated under the laws of
the United States of America or any State thereof, (b) is subject to
supervision and examination by federal or state banking authorities and (c)
has outstanding unsecured commercial paper or other short term unsecured debt
obligations that are rated in the highest rating category by each Rating
Agency, or is otherwise acceptable to each Rating Agency.
Disregarded Entity: An entity that is both (a) solely owned by a REIT or
Qualified REIT Subsidiary and (b) disregarded as an entity separate from its
owner within the meaning of Section 301.7701-2(c)(2) of the Treasury
Regulations.
Eligible Corporation: A domestic corporation described in section
860L(a)(2) of the Code that (i) is not the obligor on any debt instrument held
as part of the Trust, and (ii) is not related, within the meaning of section
860L(g), to any person who is an obligor on any debt instrument held as part
of the Trust.
Euroclear: Euroclear SA/NV, as operator of the Euroclear System.
Event of Default: The meaning specified in Section 5.01.
Exchange Act: The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Executive Officer: With respect to any corporation or limited liability
company, the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial
Officer, President, Manager, Executive Vice President, any Vice President, the
Secretary or the Treasurer of such entity; and with respect to any
partnership, any general partner thereof.
Global Securities: The meaning specified in Section 2.01(a).
Grant: Mortgage, pledge, bargain, sell, warrant, alienate, remise,
release, convey, assign, transfer, create, and grant a lien upon and a
security interest in and a right of set off against,
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deposit, set over and confirm pursuant to this Indenture. A Grant of the
Collateral or of any other agreement or instrument shall include all rights,
powers and options (but none of the obligations) of the granting party
thereunder, including the immediate and continuing right to claim for,
collect, receive and give receipt for principal and interest payments in
respect of the Collateral and all other moneys payable thereunder, to give and
receive notices and other communications, to make waivers or other agreements,
to exercise all rights and options, to bring Proceedings in the name of the
granting party or otherwise, and generally to do and receive anything that the
granting party is or may be entitled to do or receive thereunder or with
respect thereto.
Holder or Noteholder: A Person in whose name a Note is registered on the
Note Register.
Independent: When used with respect to any specified Person, that such
Person (a) is in fact independent of the Issuer, any other obligor on the
Notes, the Seller and any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons, (b) does
not have any direct financial interest or any material indirect financial
interest in the Issuer, any such other obligor, the Seller or any Affiliate of
any of the foregoing Persons and (c) is not connected with the Issuer, any
such other obligor, the Seller or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing
Persons as an officer, employee, promoter, underwriter, trustee, partner,
director or person performing similar functions.
Independent Certificate: A certificate or opinion to be delivered to the
Indenture Trustee under the circumstances described in, and otherwise
complying with, the applicable requirements of Section 11.01, made by an
Independent appraiser or other expert appointed by an Issuer Order, and such
opinion or certificate shall state that the signer has read the definition of
"Independent" in this Indenture and that the signer is Independent within the
meaning thereof.
Issuer: Aames Mortgage Investment Trust 2005-2, a Delaware statutory
trust, or any successor and, for purposes of any provision contained herein
and required by the TIA, each other obligor on the Notes.
Issuer Order or Issuer Request: A written order or request signed in the
name of the Issuer by any one of its Authorized Officers and delivered to the
Indenture Trustee.
Non Priority Class Note: As of any date of determination, any Outstanding
Note other than the related Notes that comprise the Priority Class Notes.
Note: Any of the Class 1A1, Class 1A2, Class 1A3, Class 2A1, Class M1,
Class M2, Class M3, Class M4, Class M5, Class M6, Class M7, Class M8, Class
M9, Class B1, Class B2, Class B3 and Class B4 Notes issued pursuant to this
Indenture, substantially in the forms attached hereto as Exhibit A.
Note Owner or Owner: With respect to a Book-Entry Note, the Person that
is the beneficial owner of such Book-Entry Note, as reflected on the books of
the Clearing Agency or on the books of a Person maintaining an account with
such Clearing Agency (directly as a Clearing Agency Participant or as an
indirect participant, in each case in accordance with the rules of such
Clearing Agency), and with respect to a Definitive Note, the Person that is
the registered owner of such Note as reflected in the Note Register.
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Note Register: The meaning specified in Section 2.04.
Note Registrar: The meaning specified in Section 2.04. The initial Note
Registrar shall be the Trust Administrator.
Officer's Certificate: A certificate signed by any Authorized Officer of
the Issuer, under the circumstances described in, and otherwise complying
with, the applicable requirements of Section 11.01, and delivered to the
Indenture Trustee. Unless otherwise specified, any reference in this Indenture
to an Officer's Certificate shall be to an Officer's Certificate of any
Authorized Officer of the Issuer.
Outstanding: As of the date of determination, all Notes theretofore
authenticated and delivered under this Indenture except:
(i) Notes theretofore cancelled by the Note Registrar or delivered
to the Note Registrar for cancellation;
(ii) Notes the payment for which money in the necessary amount has
been theretofore deposited with the Trust Administrator or any Paying
Agent in trust for the Holders of such Notes (provided, however, that if
such Notes are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly
given pursuant to this Indenture or provision for such notice has been
made, satisfactory to the Trust Administrator); and
(iii) Notes in exchange for or in lieu of which other Notes have
been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture unless proof
satisfactory to the Trust Administrator is presented that any such Notes
are held by a protected purchaser;
provided, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite Outstanding
Balance of the Notes have given any request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent or waiver hereunder or under any Operative Agreement, Notes
owned by the Issuer, any other obligor upon the Notes, the Depositor, the
Owner Trustee, the Indenture Trustee, the Master Servicer, any Servicer, the
Trust Administrator or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons shall be
disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining
whether the Indenture Trustee or Trust Administrator shall be protected in
relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent or waiver, only Notes that the Indenture Trustee or Trust
Administrator has actual knowledge to be so owned shall be so disregarded
(unless such action requires the consent, waiver, request or demand of 100% of
the Outstanding Balance represented by a particular Class and 100% of the
Outstanding Balance represented by such Class is registered in the name of one
or more of the foregoing entities). Notes so owned that have been pledged in
good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the
satisfaction of the Indenture Trustee or Trust Administrator the pledgee's
right so to act with respect to such Notes and that the pledgee is not the
Issuer, any other obligor upon the Notes, the Depositor, the Owner Trustee,
the Indenture Trustee, the Master Servicer, any Servicer, the Trust
Administrator or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons.
Outstanding Balance: The aggregate principal amount of the Notes
Outstanding as of the date of determination.
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Paying Agent: Initially, the Trust Administrator or any other Person that
meets the eligibility standards for the Indenture Trustee specified in Section
6.11 and is authorized by the Issuer, in accordance with the provision of
Section 3.03, to make payments to and distributions from the Trust Account,
including payments of principal of or interest on the Notes on behalf of the
Issuer.
Predecessor Note: With respect to any particular Note, every previous
Note evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such
particular Note; and, for the purpose of this definition, any Note
authenticated and delivered under Section 2.04 in lieu of a mutilated, lost,
destroyed or stolen Note shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the
mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen Note.
Priority Class Notes: Until the Class Principal Amounts of the Senior
Notes are reduced to zero and all sums payable to the Holders of the Senior
Notes have been paid in full, the Senior Notes; when the Class Principal
Amounts of the Senior Notes have been reduced to zero and all amounts payable
to the Holders of the Senior Notes have been paid in full, the Class M1 Notes;
when the Class Principal Amounts of the Senior Notes and the Class M1 Notes
have been reduced to zero and all sums payable to the Holders of such Classes
have been paid in full, the Class M2 Notes; when the Class Principal Amounts
of the Senior Notes, the Class M1 Notes and the Class M2 Notes have been
reduced to zero and all sums payable to the Holders of such Classes have been
paid in full, the Class M3 Notes; when the Class Principal Amounts of the
Senior Notes, the Class M1 Notes, the Class M2 Notes and the Class M3 Notes
have been reduced to zero and all sums payable to the Holders of such Classes
have been paid in full, the Class M4 Notes; when the Class Principal Amounts
of the Senior Notes, the Class M1 Notes, the Class M2 Notes, the Class M3
Notes and the Class M4 Notes have been reduced to zero and all sums payable to
the Holders of such Classes have been paid in full, the Class M5 Notes; when
the Class Principal Amounts of the Senior Notes, the Class M1 Notes, the Class
M2 Notes, the Class M3 Notes, the Class M4 Notes and the Class M5 Notes have
been reduced to zero and all sums payable to the Holders of such Classes have
been paid in full, the Class M6 Notes; when the Class Principal Amounts of the
Senior Notes, the Class M1 Notes, the Class M2 Notes, the Class M3 Notes, the
Class M4 Notes, the Class M5 Notes and the Class M6 Notes have been reduced to
zero and all sums payable to the Holders of such Classes have been paid in
full, the Class M7 Notes; when the Class Principal Amounts of the Senior
Notes, the Class M1 Notes, the Class M2 Notes, the Class M3 Notes, the Class
M4 Notes, the Class M5 Notes, the Class M6 Notes and the Class M7 Notes have
been reduced to zero and all sums payable to the Holders of such Classes have
been paid in full, the Class M8 Notes; when the Class Principal Amounts of the
Senior Notes, the Class M1 Notes, the Class M2 Notes, the Class M3 Notes, the
Class M4 Notes, the Class M5 Notes, the Class M6 Notes, the Class M7 Notes and
the Class M8 Notes have been reduced to zero and all sums payable to the
Holders of such Classes have been paid in full, the Class M9 Notes; when the
Class Principal Amounts of the Senior Notes, the Class M1 Notes, the Class M2
Notes, the Class M3 Notes, the Class M4 Notes, the Class M5 Notes, the Class
M6 Notes, the Class M7 Notes, the Class M8 Notes and the Class M9 Notes have
been reduced to zero and all sums payable to the Holders of such Classes have
been paid in full, the Class B1 Notes; when the Class Principal Amounts of the
Senior Notes, the Class M1 Notes, the Class M2 Notes, the Class M3 Notes, the
Class M4 Notes, the Class M5 Notes, the Class M6 Notes, the Class M7 Notes,
the Class M8 Notes, the Class M9 Notes and the Class B1 Notes have been
reduced to zero and all sums payable to the Holders of such Classes have been
paid in
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full, the Class B2 Notes; when the Class Principal Amounts of the Senior
Notes, the Class M1 Notes, the Class M2 Notes, the Class M3 Notes, the Class
M4 Notes, the Class M5 Notes, the Class M6 Notes, the Class M7 Notes, the
Class M8 Notes, the Class M9 Notes, the Class B1 Notes and the Class B2 Notes
have been reduced to zero and all sums payable to the Holders of such Classes
have been paid in full, the Class B3 Notes; and when the Class Principal
Amounts of the Senior Notes, the Class M1 Notes, the Class M2 Notes, the Class
M3 Notes, the Class M4 Notes, the Class M5 Notes, the Class M6 Notes, the
Class M7 Notes, the Class M8 Notes, the Class M9 Notes, the Class B1 Notes,
the Class B2 Notes and the Class B3 Notes have been reduced to zero and all
sums payable to the Holders of such Classes have been paid in full, the Class
B4 Notes.
Proceeding: Any suit in equity, action at law or other judicial or
administrative proceeding.
Prospective Owner: Each prospective purchaser and any subsequent
transferee of a Note.
Rating Agency Condition: With respect to any action to which the Rating
Agency Condition applies, that each Rating Agency shall have been given 10
days (or such shorter period as is acceptable to each Rating Agency) prior
notice thereof and that each Rating Agency shall have notified the Depositor,
the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee in writing that such action will not
result in a reduction or withdrawal of the then current rating of the rated
Notes.
Redemption Date: In the case of a redemption of the Notes pursuant to
Section 10.01, the Payment Date specified by the Trust Administrator in the
notice delivered pursuant to Section 10.02.
Responsible Officer: When used with respect to the Indenture Trustee, any
vice president, any assistant vice president, any associate, or any other
officer of the Indenture Trustee customarily performing functions similar to
those performed by any of the above designated officers who at such time shall
be officers to whom, with respect to a particular matter, such matter is
referred because of such officer's knowledge of and familiarity with the
particular subject and who shall have direct responsibility for the
administration of this Agreement. With respect to the Trust Administrator, any
officer in the corporate trust department or similar group of the Trust
Administrator with direct responsibility for the administration of this
Agreement and also, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any
other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his or her knowledge
of and familiarity with the particular subject.
Retained Notes: Means those certain classes, or portions of certain
classes, of Notes which, at the time of their issuance, Aames Investment
Corporation or one of its qualified REIT subsidiaries or a Disregarded Entity
acquires beneficial ownership thereof.
State: Any one of the 50 States of the United States of America or the
District of Columbia.
Transfer and Servicing Agreement: The Transfer and Servicing Agreement
dated as of May 1, 2005, among the Issuer, CWABS, Inc., as depositor, Wells
Fargo Bank, N.A., as master servicer and trust administrator, the Indenture
Trustee, Aames Investment Corporation, as seller
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and Aames Capital Corporation, as servicer, as such may be amended or
supplemented from time to time.
Trust: The Delaware statutory trust known as "Aames Mortgage Investment
Trust 2005-2."
Trust Indenture Act or TIA: The Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in force
on the date hereof, unless otherwise specifically provided.
(b) Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise
require, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have
the meanings assigned to them in the Transfer and Servicing Agreement.
Section 1.02. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act. Whenever
this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated
by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following TIA terms
used in this Indenture have the following meanings:
"indenture securities" means the Notes.
"indenture security holder" means a Noteholder.
"indenture to be qualified" means this Indenture.
"indenture trustee" or "institutional trustee" means the Indenture
Trustee.
"obligor" on the indenture securities means the Issuer and any other
obligor on the indenture securities.
(a) All other TIA terms used in this Indenture that are defined in the
TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by rule of the
Securities and Exchange Commission have the respective meanings assigned to
them by such definitions.
Section 1.03. Rules of Construction. Unless the context otherwise
requires:
(i) a term has the meaning assigned to it;
(ii) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning
assigned to it in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles as in effect from time to time;
(iii) "or" is not exclusive;
(iv) "including" means including without limitation;
(v) words in the singular include the plural and words in the plural
include the singular;
(vi) any agreement, instrument or statute defined or referred to
herein or in any instrument or certificate delivered in connection
herewith means such agreement,
8
instrument or statute as from time to time amended, modified or
supplemented and includes (in the case of agreements or instruments)
references to all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated
therein; references to a Person are also to its permitted successors and
assigns;
(vii) terms defined in the UCC and not otherwise defined herein
shall have the meaning assigned to them in the UCC; and
(viii) to "U.S. dollars", "dollars", or the sign "$" shall be
construed as references to United States dollars which are freely
transferable by residents and non-residents of the United States of
America and convertible by such persons into any other freely convertible
currency unless such transferability or convertibility is restricted by
any law or regulation of general application in which event references to
"U.S. dollars", "dollars", or the sign "$" shall be construed as
references to such coin or currency of the United States of America as at
the time of payment shall be legal tender for the payment of public and
private debts in the United States of America, and "cents" shall be
construed accordingly.
ARTICLE TWO
THE NOTES
Section 2.01. Form. (a) The Notes shall be designated as the "Aames
Mortgage Investment Trust 2005-2 Mortgage Backed Notes" The Notes, together
with the Trust Administrator's certificate of authentication, shall be in
substantially the forms set forth in Exhibit A with such appropriate
insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or
permitted by this Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks
of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may,
consistently herewith, be determined by the officers executing such Notes, as
evidenced by their execution of the Notes. Any portion of the text of any Note
may be set forth on the reverse thereof, with an appropriate reference thereto
on the face of the Note.
The Definitive Notes and the global certificates ("Global Securities")
representing the Book-Entry Notes shall be typewritten, printed, lithographed
or engraved or produced by any combination of these methods (with or without
steel engraved borders), all as determined by the officers executing such
Notes, as evidenced by their execution of such Notes.
Each Note shall be dated the date of its authentication. The terms of the
Notes set forth in Exhibit A are part of the terms of this Indenture.
Section 2.02. Execution, Authentication and Delivery. The Notes shall be
executed on behalf of the Issuer by any Authorized Officer of the Owner
Trustee. The signature of any such Authorized Officer on the Notes may be
manual or facsimile.
Notes bearing the manual or facsimile signature of individuals who were
at any time Authorized Officers of the Owner Trustee or the Trust
Administrator shall bind the Issuer, notwithstanding that such individuals or
any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and
delivery of such Notes or did not hold such offices at the date of such Notes.
9
The Trust Administrator shall, upon Issuer Order, authenticate and
deliver the Notes for original issue in the aggregate principal amounts with
respect to each Class as specified below:
Class Class Principal Amount
----- ----------------------
1A1 $143,042,000
1A2 $289,696,000
1A3 $17,300,000
2A1 $449,414,000
M1 $40,542,000
M2 $41,121,000
M3 $24,325,000
M4 $22,008,000
M5 $19,113,000
M6 $16,796,000
M7 $18,533,000
M8 $14,479,000
M9 $13,321,000
B1 $12,700,000
B2 $5,833,000
B3 $6,950,000
B4 $9,264,000
- ----------------------
The aggregate principal amounts of such Classes of Notes outstanding at
any time may not exceed such respective amounts.
The Class 1A1, Class 1A2, Class 1A3 and Class 2A1 Notes will be issued in
minimum denominations of $25,000 and integral multiples of $1 in excess
thereof. The Class M1, Class M2, Class M3, Class M4, Class M5, Class M6, Class
M7, Class M8, Class M9, Class B1, Class B2, Class B3 and Class B4 Notes will
be issued in minimum denominations of $100,000 and integral multiples of $1 in
excess thereof.
No Note shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid
or obligatory for any purpose, unless there appears on such Note a certificate
of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by
the Trust Administrator by the manual signature of one of its authorized
signatories, and such certificate upon any Note shall be conclusive evidence,
and the only evidence, that such Note has been duly authenticated and
delivered hereunder.
Section 2.03. Limitation on Transfer of Notes. (a) No transfer of a Note
in the form of a Definitive Note shall be made unless the Note Registrar shall
have received a representation from the transferee of such Note, acceptable to
and in form and substance satisfactory to the Note Registrar and the Depositor
(such requirement is satisfied only by the Note Registrar's receipt of a
transfer affidavit from the transferee substantially in the form of Exhibit B
hereto), to the effect that such transferee (i) is not acquiring such note
for, or with the assets of, an employee benefit plan or other retirement
arrangement that is subject to Section 406 of ERISA or to Section 4975 of the
Code or to any substantially similar law ("Similar Law"), or any entity deemed
to hold the plan assets of the foregoing (collectively, "Benefit Plans"), or
(ii) its
10
acquisition and holding of such Notes for, or with the assets of, a Benefit
Plan will not result in a non-exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406
of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code which is not covered under Prohibited
Transaction Class Exemption ("PTCE") 84-14, PTCE 90-1, PTCE 91-38, PTCE 95-60,
PTCE 96-23 or some other applicable exemption, and will not result in a
non-exempt violation of any Similar Law.
In the case of a Note that is a Book-Entry Note, for purposes of clauses
(i) or (ii) of the preceding paragraph, such representations shall be deemed
to have been made to the Note Registrar by the transferee's acceptance of such
Note that is a Book-Entry Note (or the acceptance by a Note Holder of the
beneficial interest in such Note).
None of the Indenture Trustee, the Trust Administrator, the Note
Registrar or the Depositor shall have any liability to any Person for any
registration of transfer of any Note that is in fact not permitted by this
Section 2.03(a) or for the Trust Administrator or the Paying Agent making any
payments due on such Note to the Holder thereof or taking any other action
with respect to such Holder under the provisions of this Agreement so long as
the transfer was registered by the Note Registrar in accordance with the
foregoing requirements. In addition, none of the Indenture Trustee, the Trust
Administrator, the Note Registrar or the Depositor shall be required to
monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with the transfer restrictions
with respect to any Note in the form of a Book-Entry Note, and none of the
Indenture Trustee, the Trust Administrator, the Note Registrar or the
Depositor shall have any liability for transfers of Book-Entry Notes or any
interests therein made in violation of the restrictions on transfer described
in the Prospectus and this Agreement.
In the event that a Note is transferred to a Person that does not meet
the requirements of this Section 2.03, such transfer shall be of no force and
effect, shall be void ab initio, and shall not operate to transfer any rights
to such Person, notwithstanding any instructions to the contrary to the
Issuer, the Indenture Trustee or any intermediary; and the Trust Administrator
shall not make any payments on such Note for as long as such Person is the
Holder of such Note.
Each Note shall contain a legend substantially similar to the applicable
legend provided in Exhibit A hereto stating that transfer of such Notes is
subject to certain restrictions as set forth herein.
(b) Any purported transfer of a Note (or any interest therein) not in
accordance with this Section 2.03 shall be null and void and shall not be
given effect for any purpose hereunder.
(c) The Trust Administrator will not have the ability to monitor
transfers of the Notes while they are in book-entry form and will have no
liability for transfers of Book-Entry Notes in violation of any of the
transfer restrictions described in this Section 2.03.
Section 2.04. Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange. The
Issuer shall cause the Note Registrar to keep a register (the "Note Register")
in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe and the
restrictions on transfers of the Notes set forth herein, the Issuer shall
provide for the registration of Notes and the registration of transfers of
Notes. The Trust Administrator initially shall be the "Note Registrar" for the
purpose of registering Notes and transfers of Notes as herein provided. Upon
any resignation of any Note
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Registrar, the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor or, if it elects not
to make such an appointment, assume the duties of Note Registrar.
If a Person other than the Trust Administrator is appointed by the Issuer
as Note Registrar, the Issuer will give the Indenture Trustee and the Trust
Administrator prompt written notice of the appointment of such Note Registrar
and of the location, and any change in the location, of the Note Register, and
the Indenture Trustee shall have the right to inspect the Note Register at all
reasonable times and to obtain copies thereof, and the Indenture Trustee shall
have the right to rely upon a certificate executed on behalf of the Note
Registrar by an Executive Officer thereof as to the names and addresses of the
Holders of the Notes and the principal amounts and number of such Notes.
Subject to Section 2.03, upon surrender for registration of transfer of
any Note at the office or agency of the Issuer to be maintained as provided in
Section 3.02, the Issuer shall execute, and the Note Registrar shall
authenticate and the Noteholder shall be entitled to obtain from the Note
Registrar, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or
more new Notes of the same Class in any authorized denominations, of a like
aggregate principal amount.
At the option of the Holder, Notes may be exchanged for other Notes of
the same Class in any authorized denominations, of a like aggregate principal
amount, upon surrender of the Notes to be exchanged at such office or agency.
Whenever any Notes are so surrendered for exchange, the Issuer shall execute,
and the Note Registrar shall authenticate and the Noteholder shall be entitled
to obtain from the Trust Administrator, the Notes which the Noteholder making
the exchange is entitled to receive.
All Notes issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Notes
shall be the valid obligations of the Issuer, evidencing the same debt, and
entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Notes surrendered
upon such registration of transfer or exchange.
Every Note presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or
exchange shall be duly endorsed by, or be accompanied by a written instrument
of transfer in form satisfactory to the Note Registrar duly executed by, the
Holder thereof or such Holder's attorney duly authorized in writing, with such
signature guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution" meeting the
requirements of the Note Registrar, which requirements include membership or
participation in the Securities Transfer Agent's Medallion Program ("STAMP")
or such other "signature guarantee program" as may be determined by the Note
Registrar in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP.
No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any registration of
transfer or exchange of Notes, but the Issuer or the Note Registrar may
require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or
exchange of Notes, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 2.05 not involving
any transfer.
The preceding provisions of this Section notwithstanding, the Issuer
shall not be required to make and the Note Registrar need not register
transfers or exchanges of Notes selected for
12
redemption or of any Note for a period of 15 days preceding the due date for
any payment with respect to such Note.
Section 2.05. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes. If (i) any
mutilated Note is surrendered to the Trust Administrator, or the Trust
Administrator receives evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss
or theft of any Note, and (ii) there is delivered to the Trust Administrator
such security or indemnity as may be required by it to hold the Issuer and the
Trust Administrator harmless, then, in the absence of actual notice to the
Issuer, the Note Registrar or the Trust Administrator that such Note has been
acquired by a protected purchaser, and upon certification provided by the
Holder of such Note that the requirements of Section 8-405 of the Relevant UCC
are met, the Issuer shall execute, and upon its request the Note Registrar
shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for or in lieu of any such
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note, a replacement Note; provided,
however, that if any such destroyed, lost or stolen Note, but not a mutilated
Note, shall have become or within seven days shall be due and payable, or
shall have been called for redemption, instead of issuing a replacement Note,
the Issuer may pay such destroyed, lost or stolen Note when so due or payable
or upon the Redemption Date without surrender thereof. If, after the delivery
of such replacement Note or payment of a destroyed, lost or stolen Note
pursuant to the proviso to the preceding sentence, a bona fide purchaser of
the original Note in lieu of which such replacement Note was issued presents
for payment such original Note, the Issuer and the Note Registrar shall be
entitled to recover such replacement Note (or such payment) from the Person to
whom it was delivered or any Person taking such replacement Note from such
Person to whom such replacement Note was delivered or any assignee of such
Person, except a protected purchaser, and shall be entitled to recover upon
the security or indemnity provided therefor to the extent of any loss, damage,
cost or expense incurred by the Issuer or the Trust Administrator in
connection therewith.
Upon the issuance of any replacement Note under this Section, the Issuer,
the Trust Administrator or the Note Registrar may require the payment by the
Holder of such Note of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other reasonable
expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trust Administrator)
connected therewith.
Every replacement Note issued pursuant to this Section in replacement of
any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall constitute an original
additional contractual obligation of the Issuer, whether or not the mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and
shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and
proportionately with any and all other Notes duly issued hereunder.
The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the
extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement
or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes.
Section 2.06. Persons Deemed Owners. Prior to due presentment for
registration of transfer of any Note, the Issuer, the Trust Administrator, the
Indenture Trustee and any agent of the Issuer, the Trust Administrator or the
Indenture Trustee may treat the Person in whose name any Note is registered
(as of the day of determination) as the owner of such Note for the purpose
13
of receiving payments of principal of and interest, if any, on such Note and
for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Note be overdue, and
none of the Issuer, the Trust Administrator, the Indenture Trustee or any
agent of the Issuer, the Trust Administrator or the Indenture Trustee shall be
affected by notice to the contrary.
Section 2.07. Payment of Principal and Interest. (a) Each Class of Notes
shall accrue interest at the applicable Note Interest Rate as set forth in the
Transfer and Servicing Agreement, and such interest shall be payable on each
Payment Date, subject to Section 3.01. Interest shall be computed on each
Class of Notes on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days
elapsed in each Accrual Period. With respect to each outstanding Class of
Notes, the Trust Administrator shall determine LIBOR for each applicable
Accrual Period on the second LIBOR Business Day prior thereto, in accordance
with the provisions of the Transfer and Servicing Agreement. All interest
payments on each Class of Notes shall be made in the order provided for in
Section 6.02 of the Transfer and Servicing Agreement. Any installment of
interest or principal payable on any Note shall be paid on the applicable
Payment Date to the Person in whose name such Note (or one or more Predecessor
Notes) is registered on the Record Date by check mailed first-class postage
prepaid to such Person's address as it appears on the Note Register on such
Record Date or, upon written request made to the Note Registrar and the Paying
Agent at least five Business Days prior to the related Record Date, by the
Holder of a Note having an initial Note Principal Amount of not less than
$2,500,000 by wire transfer in immediately available funds to an account
specified in the request and at the expense of such Noteholder, except that,
unless Definitive Notes have been issued pursuant to Section 2.12, with
respect to Notes registered on the Record Date in the name of the nominee of
the Clearing Agency (initially, such nominee to be Cede & Co.), payment will
be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account
designated by such nominee, except for the final installment of principal
payable with respect to such Note on a Payment Date or on the applicable
Maturity Date for such Class of Notes (and except for the Termination Price
for any Note called for redemption pursuant to Section 10.01), which shall be
payable as provided below. The funds represented by any such checks returned
undelivered shall be held in accordance with Section 3.03.
(b) The principal of the Notes shall be payable in installments on each
Payment Date as provided herein and in the Notes, subject to Section 3.01.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the entire unpaid principal amount of the Notes
shall be due and payable, if not previously paid, on the date on which an
Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, or if the Indenture
Trustee or Holders of the Notes representing not less than a majority of the
Outstanding Balance of the Priority Class Notes have declared the Notes to be
immediately due and payable in the manner provided in Section 5.02. All
principal payments on a Class of Notes shall be made in accordance with
Section 6.02 of the Transfer and Servicing Agreement. The Trust Administrator
shall notify the Person in whose name a Note is registered at the close of
business on the Record Date preceding the Payment Date on which the Issuer
expects that the final installment of principal of and interest on such Note
will be paid. Such notice shall be mailed or transmitted by facsimile no later
than five Business Days prior to such final Payment Date and shall specify
that such final installment will be payable only upon presentation and
surrender of such Note and shall specify the place where such Note may be
presented and surrendered for payment of such installment. Notices in
connection with redemptions of Notes shall be mailed to Noteholders as
provided in Section 10.02.
14
Section 2.08. Cancellation. All Notes surrendered for payment,
registration of transfer, exchange or redemption shall, if surrendered to any
Person other than the Trust Administrator, be delivered to the Trust
Administrator and shall be promptly cancelled by the Trust Administrator. The
Issuer may at any time deliver to the Note Registrar for cancellation any
Notes previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Issuer may
have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Notes so delivered shall be
promptly cancelled by the Trust Administrator. No Notes shall be authenticated
in lieu of or in exchange for any Notes cancelled as provided in this Section,
except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled Notes may be
held or disposed of by the Note Registrar in accordance with its standard
retention or disposal policy as in effect at the time unless the Issuer shall
direct by an Issuer Order that they be destroyed or returned to it; provided,
that such Issuer Order is timely and the Notes have not been previously
disposed of by the Trust Administrator.
Section 2.09. Release of Collateral. (a) Except as otherwise provided in
subsections (b) and (c) of this Section and the terms of the Operative
Agreements, the Indenture Trustee shall release property from the lien of this
Indenture only upon receipt by it of an Issuer Request accompanied by (i) an
Officer's Certificate, (ii) an Opinion of Counsel, (iii) certificates in
accordance with TIA Sections 314(c) and (d)(1), and (iv)(A) Independent
Certificates in accordance with TIA Sections 314(c) and 314(d)(1) or (B) an
Opinion of Counsel in lieu of such Independent Certificates to the effect that
the TIA does not require any such Independent Certificates; provided that no
such Independent Certificates or Opinion of Counsel in lieu of such
Independent Certificates shall be necessary in respect of property released
from the lien of the Indenture in accordance with the provisions hereof if
such property consists solely of cash.
(b) The Servicer (or if the Servicer does not do so, the Master
Servicer), on behalf of the Issuer, shall be entitled to obtain a release from
the lien of this Indenture for any Mortgage Loan and the Mortgaged Property at
any time (i) after a payment by the Seller or the Issuer of the Purchase Price
of the Mortgage Loan, (ii) after a Qualifying Substitute Mortgage Loan is
substituted for such Mortgage Loan and payment of the Substitution Amount, if
any, (iii) after liquidation of the Mortgage Loan in accordance with the
Transfer and Servicing Agreement and the deposit of all Liquidation Proceeds
and Insurance Proceeds in the Collection Account, (iv) upon the termination of
a Mortgage Loan (due to, among other causes, a prepayment in full of the
Mortgage Loan and sale or other disposition of the related Mortgaged
Property), or (v) as contemplated by Section 9.02 of the Transfer and
Servicing Agreement.
(c) The Indenture Trustee shall, if requested by the Servicer,
temporarily release or cause the applicable Custodian temporarily to release
to such party the Mortgage File pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.15 of
the Transfer and Servicing Agreement and Section 5 of the Custodial Agreement.
Section 2.10. Book-Entry Notes. Each Class of Notes will be issued in the
form of typewritten Notes or Global Securities representing the Book-Entry
Notes, to be delivered to, or to the Trust Administrator as custodian for, the
initial Clearing Agency, by, or on behalf of, the Issuer. The Book-Entry Notes
shall be registered initially on the Note Register in the name of Cede & Co.,
the nominee of the initial Clearing Agency, and no Owner thereof will receive
a Definitive Note representing such Note Owner's interest in such Note, except
as provided in
15
Section 2.12. Unless and until definitive, fully registered Notes (the
"Definitive Notes") have been issued to such Note Owners pursuant to Section
2.12:
(i) the provisions of this Section shall be in full force and
effect;
(ii) the Note Registrar, the Indenture Trustee and the Trust
Administrator shall be entitled to deal with the Clearing Agency for all
purposes of this Indenture (including the payment of principal of and
interest on the Notes and the giving of instructions or directions
hereunder) as the sole holder of the Notes, and shall have no obligation
to the Note Owners;
(iii) to the extent that the provisions of this Section conflict
with any other provisions of this Indenture, the provisions of this
Section shall control;
(iv) the rights of Note Owners shall be exercised only through the
Clearing Agency and shall be limited to those established by law and
agreements between such Note Owners and the Clearing Agency and/or the
Clearing Agency Participants pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement.
Unless and until Definitive Notes are issued pursuant to Section 2.12,
the Note Registrar shall not register any transfer of a beneficial
interest in a Book-Entry Note; and the initial Clearing Agency will make
book entry transfers among the Clearing Agency Participants and receive
and transmit payments of principal of and interest on the Notes to such
Clearing Agency Participants; and
(v) whenever this Indenture requires or permits actions to be taken
based upon instructions or directions of Holders of Notes evidencing a
specified percentage of the Outstanding Balance of the Notes (or the
Priority Class Notes), the Clearing Agency shall be deemed to represent
such percentage only to the extent that it has received instructions to
such effect from Note Owners and/or Clearing Agency Participants owning
or representing, respectively, such required percentage of the beneficial
interest in the Notes and has delivered such instructions to the
Indenture Trustee or the Trust Administrator, as the case may be.
Section 2.11. Notices to Clearing Agency. Whenever a notice or other
communication to the Noteholders is required under this Indenture, unless and
until Definitive Notes shall have been issued to such Note Owners pursuant to
Section 2.12, the Trust Administrator shall give all such notices and
communications specified herein to be given to Holders of the Notes to the
Clearing Agency, and shall have no obligation to such Note Owners.
Section 2.12. Definitive Notes. If (i) the Clearing Agency is no longer
willing or able to properly discharge its responsibilities with respect to the
Book-Entry Notes and the Depositor is unable to locate a qualified successor
or (ii) after the occurrence of an Event of Default hereunder, Note Owners of
the Book-Entry Notes representing beneficial interests aggregating not less
than 50% of the Outstanding Balance of the Book-Entry Notes advise the
Clearing Agency and the Trust Administrator in writing that the continuation
of a book entry system through the Clearing Agency is no longer in the best
interests of such Note Owners, then the Trust Administrator shall direct the
Clearing Agency to notify all Note Owners and the Note Registrar of the
occurrence of any such event and of the availability of Definitive Notes for
their Book-Entry Notes. Upon surrender to the Note Registrar of the
typewritten Notes representing
16
the Book-Entry Notes by the Clearing Agency, accompanied by registration
instructions, the Issuer shall execute and the Note Registrar shall
authenticate the Definitive Notes in accordance with the instructions of the
Clearing Agency. None of the Issuer, the Note Registrar, Trust Administrator
or the Indenture Trustee shall be liable for any delay in delivery of such
instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be protected in relying
on, such instructions. Upon the issuance of Definitive Notes, the Indenture
Trustee and the Trust Administrator shall recognize the Holders of the
Definitive Notes as Noteholders.
Section 2.13. Tax Treatment. The Issuer has entered into this Indenture,
and the Notes will be issued, with the intention that, for federal, state and
local income, single business and franchise tax purposes, the Notes (other
than the Retained Notes) will qualify as indebtedness of the Issuer secured by
the Collateral. The Issuer, by entering into this Indenture, and each
Noteholder, by its acceptance of a Note (and each Note Owner by its acceptance
of an interest in the applicable Book-Entry Note), agree to treat the Notes
for federal, state and local income, single business and franchise tax
purposes as indebtedness of the Issuer.
ARTICLE THREE
COVENANTS
Section 3.01. Payment of Principal and Interest. The Issuer will duly and
punctually pay (or will cause to be duly and punctually paid) the principal of
and interest on the Notes in accordance with the terms of the Notes and this
Indenture. Amounts properly withheld under the Code by any Person from a
payment to any Noteholder of interest and/or principal shall be considered as
having been paid by the Issuer to such Noteholder for all purposes of this
Indenture.
The Notes shall be non-recourse obligations of the Issuer and shall be
limited in right of payment to amounts available from the Collateral as
provided in this Indenture. The Issuer shall not otherwise be liable for
payments of the Notes, and none of the owners, agents, officers, directors,
employees, or successors or assigns of the Issuer shall be personally liable
for any amounts payable, or performance due, under the Notes or this
Indenture. If any other provision of this Indenture shall be deemed to
conflict with the provisions of this Section 3.01, the provisions of this
Section 3.01 shall control.
Section 3.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency. The Note Registrar on
behalf of the Issuer will maintain an office or agency where Notes may be
surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange, and where notices and
demands to or upon the Issuer in respect of the Notes and this Indenture may
be served.
Section 3.03. Money for Payments to be Held in Trust. As provided in
Section 8.02, all payments of amounts due and payable with respect to any
Notes that are to be made from amounts withdrawn from the Collection Account
pursuant to Article VI of the Transfer and Servicing Agreement shall be made
on behalf of the Issuer by the Trust Administrator or by another Paying Agent,
and no amounts so withdrawn from the such account for payments of Notes shall
be paid over to the Issuer except as provided in this Section.
17
On or before the Business Day preceding each Payment Date, the Issuer
shall deposit or cause to be deposited in the Collection Account an aggregate
sum sufficient to pay the amounts then becoming due under the Notes, such sum
to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto, and
(unless the Paying Agent is the Trust Administrator) shall promptly notify the
Trust Administrator of its action or failure so to act.
The Trust Administrator is hereby appointed the initial Paying Agent.
Any successor Paying Agent shall be appointed by Issuer Order with written
notice thereof to the Indenture Trustee and the Trust Administrator. Any
Paying Agent appointed by the Issuer shall be a Person that would be eligible
to be Trust Administrator hereunder as provided in Section 6.11. The Issuer
shall not appoint any Paying Agent (other than the Trust Administrator) which
is not, at the time of such appointment, a Depository Institution.
The Issuer shall cause each Paying Agent other than the Trust
Administrator, as initial Paying Agent, to execute and deliver to the
Indenture Trustee and the Trust Administrator an instrument in which such
Paying Agent shall agree with the Indenture Trustee (and if the Trust
Administrator acts as Paying Agent, it hereby so agrees), subject to the
provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:
(i) hold all sums held by it for the payment of amounts due with
respect to the Notes in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled
thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise
disposed of as herein provided and in the Transfer and Servicing
Agreement and pay such sums to such Persons as herein provided;
(ii) give the Indenture Trustee notice of any default by the Issuer
of which the Paying Agent has actual knowledge in the making of any
payment required to be made with respect to the Notes;
(iii) at any time during the continuance of any such default, upon
the written request of the Indenture Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trust
Administrator all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent;
(iv) immediately resign as a Paying Agent and forthwith pay to the
Trust Administrator all sums held by it in trust for the payment of Notes
if at any time it ceases to meet the standards required to be met by a
Paying Agent at the time of its appointment; and
(v) comply with all requirements of the Code with respect to the
withholding from any payments made by it on any Notes of any applicable
withholding taxes imposed thereon and with respect to any applicable
reporting requirements in connection therewith; provided, however, that
with respect to reporting requirements applicable to original issue
discount, the accrual of market discount or the amortization of premium
on the Notes, the Depositor shall have first provided the calculations
pertaining thereto and the amount of any resulting withholding taxes to
the Trust Administrator and the Paying Agent.
The Issuer may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, by Issuer Order
direct any Paying Agent to pay to the
18
Trust Administrator all sums held in trust by such Paying Agent, such sums to
be held by the Trust Administrator upon the same trusts as those upon which
the sums were held by such Paying Agent; and upon such payment by any Paying
Agent to the Trust Administrator, such Paying Agent shall be released from all
further liability with respect to such money.
Subject to applicable laws with respect to escheat of funds, any money
held by the Trust Administrator or any Paying Agent in trust for the payment
of any amount due with respect to any Note and remaining unclaimed for two
years after such amount has become due and payable shall be discharged from
such trust and be paid to the Issuer on Issuer Request; and the Holder of such
Note shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the
Issuer for payment thereof (but only to the extent of the amounts so paid to
the Issuer), and all liability of the Trust Administrator or such Paying Agent
with respect to such trust money shall thereupon cease; provided, however,
that the Trust Administrator or such Paying Agent, before being required to
make any such repayment, shall at the expense and direction of the Issuer
cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language,
customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in The
City of New York (including, but not limited to, The Bond Buyer), notice that
such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which
shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any
unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Issuer.
The Trust Administrator or Paying Agent shall also adopt and employ, at the
expense and direction of the Issuer, any other reasonable means of
notification of such repayment (including, but not limited to, mailing notice
of such repayment to Holders whose Notes have been called but have not been
surrendered for redemption or whose right to or interest in moneys due and
payable but not claimed is determinable from the records of the Trust
Administrator or of any Paying Agent, at the last address of record for each
such Holder).
Section 3.04. Existence. (a) The Issuer will keep in full effect its
existence, rights and franchises as a statutory trust under the laws of the
State of Delaware (unless it becomes, or any successor Issuer hereunder is or
becomes, organized under the laws of any other State or of the United States
of America, in which case the Issuer will keep in full effect its existence,
rights and franchises under the laws of such other jurisdiction) and will
obtain and preserve its qualification to do business in each jurisdiction in
which such qualification is or shall be necessary to protect the validity and
enforceability of this Indenture, the Notes, the Collateral and each other
instrument or agreement included in the Collateral.
(b) Any successor to the Owner Trustee appointed pursuant to Section 9.03
of the Trust Agreement shall be the successor Owner Trustee under this
Indenture without the execution or filing of any paper, instrument or further
act to be done on the part of the parties hereto.
(c) Upon any consolidation or merger of or other succession to the Owner
Trustee, the Person succeeding to the Owner Trustee under the Trust Agreement
may exercise every right and power of the Owner Trustee under this Indenture
with the same effect as if such Person had been named as the Owner Trustee
herein.
Section 3.05. Protection of Collateral. The Issuer will from time to time
execute, deliver and file all such supplements and amendments hereto and all
such financing statements,
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continuation statements, instruments of further assurance and other
instruments, and will take such other action necessary or advisable to:
(i) maintain or preserve the lien and security interest (and the
priority thereof) of this Indenture or carry out more effectively the
purposes hereof,
(ii) perfect, publish notice of or protect the validity of any Grant
made or to be made by this Indenture;
(iii) enforce any rights with respect to the Collateral; or
(iv) preserve and defend title to the Collateral and the rights of
the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders in such Collateral against the
claims of all persons and parties.
The Issuer hereby designates the Trust Administrator as its agent and
attorney in fact to prepare and file amendments, if a Responsible Officer of
the Trust Administrator has actual knowledge of a need to amend, and to
prepare and file continuation statements or other instruments required to be
filed pursuant to this Section 3.05 and hereby authorizes it to file in any
filing office such amendment to financing statement, or continuation statement
required to be filed pursuant to this Section 3.05.
Section 3.06. Opinions as to Collateral. On the Closing Date, the Issuer
shall furnish to the Trust Administrator and the Indenture Trustee an Opinion
of Counsel to the effect that either, in the opinion of such counsel, such
action has been taken with respect to the recording and filing of this
Indenture, any indentures supplemental hereto, and any other requisite
documents, and with respect to the execution and filing of any financing
statements and continuation statements, as are necessary to make effective the
lien and security interest of this Indenture, or stating that, in the opinion
of such counsel, no such action is necessary to make such lien and security
interest effective.
Section 3.07. Performance of Obligations. (a) The Issuer will not take
any action and will use its best efforts not to permit any action to be taken
by others that would release any Person from any of such Person's material
covenants or obligations under any instrument or agreement included in the
Collateral or that would result in the amendment, hypothecation,
subordination, termination or discharge of, or impair the validity or
effectiveness of, any such instrument or agreement, except as expressly
provided in this Indenture, the Transfer and Servicing Agreement or such other
instrument or agreement.
(b) The Issuer may contract with other Persons to assist it in performing
its duties under this Indenture, and any performance of such duties by a
Person identified to the Indenture Trustee in an Officer's Certificate of the
Issuer shall be deemed to be action taken by the Issuer. Initially, the Issuer
has contracted with the Trust Administrator pursuant to the Transfer and
Servicing Agreement to assist the Issuer in performing certain of its duties
under this Indenture.
(c) The Issuer will punctually perform and observe all of its obligations
and agreements contained in this Indenture, the Operative Agreements and in
the instruments and agreements included in the Collateral, including but not
limited to filing or causing to be filed all
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financing statements and continuation statements required to be filed by the
terms of this Indenture and the Transfer and Servicing Agreement in accordance
with and within the time periods provided for herein and therein.
(d) If a responsible officer of the Owner Trustee shall have written
notice or actual knowledge of the occurrence of an Event of Default under the
Transfer and Servicing Agreement, the Issuer shall promptly notify the
Indenture Trustee and each Rating Agency thereof.
(e) As promptly as possible after the giving of notice of termination to
the Master Servicer of the Master Servicer's rights and powers pursuant to
Section 8.01(a) of the Transfer and Servicing Agreement, the Indenture Trustee
shall proceed in accordance with Section 8.01 and 8.02 of the Transfer and
Servicing Agreement
(f) Without derogating from the absolute nature of the assignment granted
to the Indenture Trustee under this Indenture or the rights of the Indenture
Trustee hereunder, the Issuer agrees (i) that it will not, without the prior
written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in Outstanding Balance
of the Notes affected thereby, amend, modify, waive, supplement, terminate or
surrender, or agree to any amendment, modification, supplement, termination,
waiver or surrender of, the terms of any Collateral or the Operative
Agreements (except to the extent otherwise provided in any such Operative
Agreement), or waive timely performance or observance by the Trust
Administrator, Master Servicer or the Depositor of its respective duties under
the Transfer and Servicing Agreement; and (ii) that any such amendment shall
not (A) increase or reduce in any manner the amount of, or accelerate or delay
the timing of, payments that are required to be made for the benefit of the
Noteholders or (B) reduce the aforesaid percentage of the Notes that is
required to consent to any such amendment, without the consent of the Holders
of all the Outstanding Notes affected thereby. If any such amendment,
modification, supplement or waiver shall be so consented to by such Holders,
the Issuer agrees, promptly following a request by the Indenture Trustee to do
so, to execute and deliver, in its own name and at its own expense, such
agreements, instruments, consents and other documents as the Indenture Trustee
may deem necessary or appropriate in the circumstances.
Section 3.08. Negative Covenants. So long as any Notes are Outstanding,
the Issuer shall not:
(i) except as expressly permitted by this Indenture, the Mortgage
Loan Purchase Agreement or the Transfer and Servicing Agreement, sell,
transfer, exchange or otherwise dispose of any of the properties or
assets of the Issuer, including those included in the Collateral;
(ii) claim any credit on, or make any deduction from the principal
or interest payable in respect of, the Notes (other than amounts properly
withheld from such payments under the Code) or assert any claim against
any present or former Noteholder by reason of the payment of the taxes
levied or assessed upon any part of the Collateral;
(iii) (A) permit the validity or effectiveness of this Indenture to
be impaired, or permit the lien of this Indenture to be amended,
hypothecated, subordinated, terminated
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or discharged, or permit any Person to be released from any covenants or
obligations with respect to the Notes under this Indenture except as may
be expressly permitted hereby, (B) permit any lien, charge, excise,
claim, security interest, mortgage or other encumbrance (other than the
lien of this Indenture) to be created on or extend to or otherwise arise
upon or burden the Collateral or any part thereof or any interest therein
or the proceeds thereof (other than tax liens, mechanics' liens and other
liens that arise by operation of law, in each case with respect to any
Collateral and arising solely as a result of an action or omission of a
Borrower or as otherwise permitted in the Transfer and Servicing
Agreement) or (C) permit the lien of this Indenture not to constitute a
valid first priority (other than with respect to any such tax, mechanics'
or other lien) or as otherwise permitted in the Transfer and Servicing
Agreement) security interest in the Collateral;
(iv) dissolve or liquidate in whole or in part or merge or
consolidate with any other Person;
(v) remove the Trust Administrator without cause unless the Rating
Agency Condition shall have been satisfied in connection with such
removal;
(vi) take any other action or fail to take any action that would
jeopardize the status of the Holder of the Ownership Certificate as a
REIT, Qualified REIT Subsidiary or Disregarded Entity under the Code or
result in an imposition of tax on the Issuer; or
(vii) except with the prior written consent of the Noteholders, take
any action described in Section 5.06 of the Trust Agreement.
Section 3.09. Annual Statement as to Compliance. The Issuer will deliver
to the Indenture Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of
the Issuer (commencing with the fiscal year 2005), an Officer's Certificate
stating, as to the Authorized Officer signing such Officer's Certificate,
that:
(i) a review of the activities of the Issuer during such year and of
its performance under this Indenture has been made under such Authorized
Officer's supervision; and
(ii) to the best of such Authorized Officer's knowledge, based on
such review, the Issuer has complied with all conditions and covenants
under this Indenture throughout such year or, if there has been a default
in its compliance with any such condition or covenant, specifying each
such default known to such Authorized Officer and the nature and status
thereof.
Section 3.10. Treatment of Notes as Debt for Tax Purposes. The Issuer
shall, and shall cause the Trust Administrator and the Master Servicer to,
treat the Notes as indebtedness for all federal, state and local income,
single business, and franchise tax purposes.
Section 3.11. [Reserved]
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Section 3.12. No Other Business. The Issuer shall not engage in any
business other than financing, purchasing, owning, selling and managing the
Collateral in the manner contemplated by this Indenture and the Operative
Agreements and activities incidental thereto.
Section 3.13. No Borrowing. The Issuer shall not issue, incur, assume,
guarantee or otherwise become liable, directly or indirectly, for any
indebtedness other than the Notes.
Section 3.14. [Reserved].
Section 3.15. Guarantees, Loans, Advances and Other Liabilities. Except
as contemplated by the Transfer and Servicing Agreement or this Indenture, the
Issuer shall not make any loan or advance or credit to, or guarantee (directly
or indirectly or by an instrument having the effect of assuring another's
payment or performance on any obligation or capability of so doing or
otherwise), endorse or otherwise become contingently liable, directly or
indirectly, in connection with the obligations, stocks or dividends of, or
own, purchase, repurchase or acquire (or agree contingently to do so) any
stock, obligations, assets or securities of, or any other interest in, or make
any capital contribution to, any other Person.
Section 3.16. Capital Expenditures. The Issuer shall not make any
expenditure (by long-term or operating lease or otherwise) for capital assets
(either realty or personalty).
Section 3.17. Removal of Trust Administrator. So long as any Notes are
Outstanding, the Issuer shall not remove the Trust Administrator without cause
unless the Issuer has received a letter from each Rating Agency to the effect
that such removal will not cause the then current ratings on the Notes to be
qualified, reduced or withdrawn.
Section 3.18. Restricted Payments. The Issuer shall not, directly or
indirectly, (i) pay any dividend or make any payment (by reduction of capital
or otherwise), whether in cash, property, securities or a combination thereof,
to the Owner Trustee or any owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuer or
otherwise with respect to any ownership or equity interest or security in or
of the Issuer, (ii) redeem, purchase, retire or otherwise acquire for value
any such ownership or equity interest or security or (iii) set aside or
otherwise segregate any amounts for any such purpose; provided, however, the
Issuer may make, or cause to be made, payments and distributions as
contemplated by, and to the extent funds are available for such purpose under,
the Transfer and Servicing Agreement, this Indenture or the Trust Agreement.
The Issuer will not, directly or indirectly, make payments to or from the
Collection Account except in accordance with this Indenture and the Operative
Agreements.
Section 3.19. Notice of Events of Default. The Issuer shall promptly, and
in no event more than three Business Days following such event, give the
Indenture Trustee, Trust Administrator and each Rating Agency written notice
of each Event of Default hereunder, and each default on the part of the Trust
Administrator, Master Servicer or the Depositor of its obligations under the
Transfer and Servicing Agreement, to the extent a responsible officer of the
Owner Trustee shall have written notice or actual knowledge thereof.
Section 3.20. Further Instruments and Acts. Upon request of the Indenture
Trustee or the Trust Administrator, the Issuer will execute and deliver such
further instruments and do such
23
further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more
effectively the purpose of this Indenture.
Section 3.21. Covenants of the Issuer. All covenants of the Issuer in
this Indenture are covenants of the Issuer and are not covenants of the Owner
Trustee in its individual capacity. The Owner Trustee is, and any successor
Owner Trustee under the Trust Agreement will be, entering into this Indenture
on behalf of the Issuer solely as Owner Trustee under the Trust Agreement and
not in its respective individual capacity, and in no case whatsoever shall the
Owner Trustee or any such successor Owner Trustee be personally liable on, or
for any loss in respect of, any of the statements, representations, warranties
or obligations of the Issuer hereunder, as to all of which the parties hereto
agree to look solely to the property of the Issuer.
Section 3.22. Representations and Warranties of the Issuer. (a) With
respect to the Mortgage Notes, the Issuer represents and warrants that:
(i) This Indenture creates a valid and continuing security interest
(as defined in the applicable Uniform Commercial Code (the "UCC") in the
Mortgage Notes in favor of the Indenture Trustee, which security interest
is prior to all other liens, and is enforceable as such against creditors
of and purchasers from the Issuer;
(ii) The Mortgage Notes constitute "instruments" within the meaning
of the applicable UCC;
(iii) The Issuer owns and has good title to the Mortgage Notes free
and clear of any lien, claim or encumbrance of any Person;
(iv) The Issuer has received all consents and approvals required by
the terms of the Mortgage Notes to the pledge of the Mortgage Notes
hereunder to the Indenture Trustee;
(v) All original executed copies of each Mortgage Note have been or
will be delivered to the Indenture Trustee (or its custodian), as set
forth in the Transfer and Servicing Agreement;
(vi) The Issuer has received a written acknowledgement from the
Indenture Trustee (or its custodian) that it is holding the Mortgage
Notes solely on behalf and for the benefit of the Indenture Trustee;
(vii) Other than the security interest granted to the Indenture
Trustee pursuant to this Indenture, the Issuer has not pledged, assigned,
sold, granted a security interest in, or otherwise conveyed any of the
Mortgage Notes. The Issuer has not authorized the filing of and is not
aware of any financing statements against the Issuer that include a
description of the collateral covering the Mortgage Notes other than a
financing statement relating to the security interest granted to the
Indenture Trustee hereunder or that has been terminated. The Issuer is
not aware of any judgment or tax lien filings against the Issuer; and
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(viii) None of the Mortgage Notes has any marks or notations
indicating that they have been pledged, assigned or otherwise conveyed to
any Person other than the Indenture Trustee.
(b) The representations and warranties set forth in this Section 3.22
shall survive the Closing Date and shall not be waived.
ARTICLE FOUR
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
Section 4.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. This Indenture
shall cease to be of further effect with respect to the Notes, except as to
(i) rights of registration of transfer and exchange, (ii) substitution of
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes, (iii) rights of Noteholders to
receive payments of principal thereof and interest thereon, (iv) Sections
3.03, 3.04, 3.05, 3.08, 3.12 and 3.13, (v) the rights, obligations and
immunities of the Indenture Trustee hereunder (including the rights of the
Indenture Trustee under Section 6.07), (vi) the rights, obligations and
immunities of the Trust Administrator hereunder (including the obligations of
the Trust Administrator under Section 4.02) and (vii) the rights of
Noteholders as beneficiaries hereof with respect to the property so deposited
with the Trust Administrator payable to all or any of them, and the Indenture
Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute proper
instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with
respect to the Notes, when either (I) the Transfer and Servicing Agreement has
been terminated pursuant to Section 9.01 thereof or (II)
(A) either
(1) all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (i)
Notes that have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been replaced or
paid as provided in Section 2.05 and (ii) Notes for whose payment money has
theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the
Issuer and thereafter repaid to the Issuer or discharged from such trust, as
provided in Section 3.03) have been delivered to the Trust Administrator for
cancellation; or
(2) all Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trust Administrator for
cancellation
a. have become due and payable,
b. will become due and payable at the applicable Maturity Date
within one year, or
c. are to be called for redemption within one year under
arrangements satisfactory to the Trust Administrator for the giving
of notice of redemption by the Trust Administrator in the name, and
at the expense, of the Issuer,
and the Issuer, in the case of a., b. or c. above, has irrevocably deposited
or caused to be irrevocably deposited with the Trust Administrator cash or
direct obligations of or obligations guaranteed by the United States of
America (which will mature prior to the date such amounts are payable), in
trust for such purpose, in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the
entire
25
indebtedness on such Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trust
Administrator or Note Registrar for cancellation when due to the Maturity Date
or Redemption Date (if the Notes are called for redemption pursuant to Section
10.01 hereof), as the case may be;
(B) the Issuer has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable
hereunder by the Issuer;
(C) the Issuer has delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officer's
Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel (at the Issuer's expense) and
(if required by the TIA or the Indenture Trustee) an Independent
Certificate from a firm of certified public accountants, each
meeting the applicable requirements of Section 11.01 hereof and,
subject to Section 11.02 hereof, each stating that all conditions
precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Notes have been
complied with; and
(D) the Issuer has delivered to each Rating Agency notice of such
satisfaction and discharge.
Section 4.02. Application of Trust Money. All moneys deposited with the
Trust Administrator pursuant to Sections 3.03 and 4.01 hereof shall be held in
trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Notes and
this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent,
as the Trust Administrator may determine, to the Holders of the particular
Notes for the payment or redemption of which such moneys have been deposited
with the Trust Administrator, of all sums due and to become due thereon for
principal and interest; but such moneys need not be segregated from other
funds except to the extent required herein or in the Transfer and Servicing
Agreement or required by law.
Section 4.03. Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent. In connection
with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the
Notes, all moneys then held by any Paying Agent other than the Trust
Administrator under the provisions of this Indenture with respect to such
Notes shall, upon demand of the Issuer, be paid to the Trust Administrator to
be held and applied according to Section 3.03 and thereupon such Paying Agent
shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys.
Section 4.04. Trust Money Received by Indenture Trustee. If the Indenture
Trustee receives any moneys in respect of the Collateral (other than with
respect to any amounts in respect of any payments or reimbursements of fees,
expenses or indemnity amounts properly owing to the Indenture Trustee pursuant
to the terms of any of the Operative Agreements), the Indenture Trustee shall
remit promptly such funds to the Trust Administrator.
ARTICLE FIVE
REMEDIES
Section 5.01. Events of Default. "Event of Default", wherever used herein,
means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such Event of
Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by
operation of law or pursuant to any judgment,
26
decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any
administrative or governmental body):
(i) Default for one month or more in the payment of any Current
Interest on the Notes when the same becomes due and payable under Section
6.02 of the Transfer and Servicing Agreement;
(ii) failure to pay the entire principal of any Note when the same
becomes due and payable under the Transfer and Servicing Agreement or on
the applicable Maturity Date;
(iii) failure to observe or perform any covenant or agreement of the
Issuer made in this Indenture (other than a covenant or agreement, a
default in the observance or performance of which is elsewhere in this
Section specifically dealt with), or any representation or warranty of
the Issuer made in this Indenture or in any certificate or other writing
delivered pursuant hereto or in connection herewith proving to have been
incorrect in any material respect as of the time when the same shall have
been made, and such default shall continue or not be cured, or the
circumstance or condition in respect of which such misrepresentation or
warranty was incorrect shall not have been eliminated or otherwise cured,
for a period of 30 days after there shall have been given, by registered
or certified mail, to the Issuer by the Indenture Trustee or to the
Issuer and the Indenture Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% of the
Outstanding Balance of the Notes, a written notice specifying such
default or incorrect representation or warranty and requiring it to be
remedied and stating that such notice is a notice of Default hereunder;
(iv) the filing of a decree or order for relief by a court having
jurisdiction in the premises in respect of the Issuer or any substantial
part of the Collateral in an involuntary case under any applicable
federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or
hereafter in effect, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee,
custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of the Issuer or for
any substantial part of the Collateral, or ordering the winding up or
liquidation of the Issuer's affairs, and such decree or order shall
remain unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days;
(v) the receipt of notice from the Holder of the Ownership
Certificate to the Indenture Trustee of such Holder's failure to qualify
as a REIT, a Qualified REIT Subsidiary or a Disregarded Entity; or
(vi) the commencement by the Issuer of a voluntary case under any
applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law
now or hereafter in effect, or the consent by the Issuer to the entry of
an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, or the
consent by the Issuer to the appointment or taking possession by a
receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or
similar official of the Issuer or for any substantial part of the
Collateral, or the making by the Issuer of any general assignment for the
benefit of creditors, or the failure by the Issuer generally to pay its
debts as such debts become due, or the taking of any action by the Issuer
in furtherance of any of the foregoing.
27
The Issuer shall deliver to the Indenture Trustee, within five days after
the occurrence thereof, written notice in the form of an Officer's Certificate
of any event which with the giving of notice and the lapse of time would
become an Event of Default under clause (iii), its status and what action the
Issuer is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.
Section 5.02. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. If an
Event of Default should occur and be continuing, then and in every such case
the Indenture Trustee may, or shall, at the direction of the Holders of Notes
representing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Balance of the
Priority Class Notes, declare all the Notes to be immediately due and payable,
by a notice in writing to the Issuer (and to the Indenture Trustee if given by
Noteholders), and upon any such declaration the unpaid principal amount of
such Notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes through the
date of acceleration, shall become immediately due and payable.
At any time after such declaration of acceleration of maturity has been
made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been
obtained by the Indenture Trustee as hereinafter in this Article Five
provided, the Holders of Notes representing a majority of the Outstanding
Balance of the Priority Class Notes, by written notice to the Issuer and the
Indenture Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences
if:
(i) the Issuer has paid or deposited with the Trust Administrator a
sum sufficient to pay:
(A) all payments of principal of and interest on all affected Priority
Class Notes and all other amounts that would then be due hereunder
or upon such Notes if the Event of Default giving rise to such
acceleration had not occurred; and
(B) all sums paid or advanced by the Indenture Trustee hereunder and the
reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
Indenture Trustee and its agents and counsel; and
(ii) all Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the
principal of the Notes that has become due solely by such acceleration,
have been cured or waived as provided in Section 5.12.
No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right
consequent thereto.
The Holders of Non Priority Class Notes shall have no right to exercise
any Noteholders' rights referred to in this Article Five, except to the extent
expressly provided herein.
Section 5.03. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by
Indenture Trustee. (a) The Issuer covenants that if (i) default is made in the
payment of any Current Interest on any Note when the same becomes due and
payable, and such default continues for a period of five days, or (ii) default
is made in the payment of the principal of any Note when the same becomes due
and payable on the applicable Maturity Date, the Issuer will, upon demand of
the Indenture Trustee, pay to the Trust Administrator, for the benefit of the
Holders of the Notes, the whole amount then due and payable on such Notes for
principal and interest, with interest on the overdue principal and, to the
extent payment at such rate of interest shall be legally
28
enforceable, on overdue installments of interest at the rate borne by the
Notes and, in addition thereto, pay to the Indenture Trustee such further
amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection,
including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of
the Indenture Trustee and its agents and counsel.
(b) In case the Issuer shall fail forthwith to pay such amounts upon such
demand, the Indenture Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express
trust, may institute a Proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and
unpaid, and may prosecute such Proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may
enforce the same against the Issuer upon such Notes and collect in the manner
provided by law out of the property of the Issuer upon such Notes, wherever
situated, the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable.
(c) If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Indenture
Trustee may, in its discretion, or shall, at the direction of the Holders of
Priority Class Notes representing not less than a majority of the Outstanding
Balance thereof, as more particularly provided in Section 5.04, proceed to
protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Noteholders, by such
appropriate Proceedings as the Indenture Trustee shall deem most effective to
protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of
any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any
power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy or legal or
equitable right vested in the Indenture Trustee by this Indenture or by law.
(d) In case there shall be pending, relative to the Issuer or any other
obligor upon the Notes or any Person having or claiming an ownership interest
in the Collateral, Proceedings under Title 11 of the United States Code or any
other applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law,
or in case a receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, or
liquidator, sequestrator or similar official shall have been appointed for or
taken possession of the Issuer or its property or such other obligor or
Person, or in case of any other comparable judicial Proceedings relative to
the Issuer or other obligor upon the Notes, or to the creditors or property of
the Issuer or such other obligor, the Indenture Trustee, irrespective of
whether the principal of any Notes shall then be due and payable as therein
expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the
Indenture Trustee shall have made any demand pursuant to the provisions of
this Section, shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such
Proceedings or otherwise:
(i) to file and prove a claim or claims for the whole amount of
principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Notes and to
file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in
order to have the claims of the Indenture Trustee (including any claim
for reasonable compensation to the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor
Indenture Trustee, and their respective agents, attorneys and counsel,
and for reimbursement of all expenses and liabilities incurred, and all
advances made, by the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor Indenture
Trustee, except as a result of negligence or bad faith) and of the
Noteholders allowed in such Proceedings;
(ii) unless prohibited by applicable law and regulations, to vote on
behalf of the Holders of Notes in any election of a trustee, a standby
trustee or Person performing similar functions in any such Proceedings;
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(iii) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or
deliverable on any such claims and to distribute all amounts received
with respect to the claims of the Noteholders and of the Indenture
Trustee on their behalf; and
(iv) to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as
may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the
Indenture Trustee or the Holders of Notes allowed in any Proceedings
relative to the Issuer, its creditors and its property;
and any trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official in
any such Proceeding is hereby authorized by each of such Noteholders to make
payments to the Trust Administrator and, in such event or in the event that
the Indenture Trustee shall consent to the making of payments directly to such
Noteholders, to pay to the Indenture Trustee such amounts as shall be
sufficient to cover reasonable compensation to the Indenture Trustee, each
predecessor Indenture Trustee and their respective agents, attorneys and
counsel, and all other expenses and liabilities incurred by it or its agents,
and all advances made, by the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor Indenture
Trustee except as a result of negligence or bad faith.
(e) Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Indenture
Trustee to authorize or consent to or vote for or accept or adopt on behalf of
any Noteholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or
composition affecting the Notes or the rights of any Holder thereof or to
authorize the Indenture Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any
Noteholder in any such proceeding except, as aforesaid, to vote for the
election of a trustee in bankruptcy or similar Person.
(f) All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or
under any of the Notes, may be enforced by the Indenture Trustee without the
possession of any of the Notes or the production thereof in any trial or other
Proceedings relative thereto, and any such action or Proceedings instituted by
the Indenture Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an
express trust, and any recovery of judgment, subject to the payment of the
expenses, disbursements and compensation of the Indenture Trustee, each
predecessor Indenture Trustee and their respective agents and attorneys, shall
be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes.
(g) In any Proceedings brought by the Indenture Trustee (and also any
Proceedings involving the interpretation of any provision of this Indenture to
which the Indenture Trustee shall be a party), the Indenture Trustee shall be
held to represent all the Holders of the Notes, and it shall not be necessary
to make any Noteholder a party to any such Proceedings.
Section 5.04. Remedies; Priorities. (a) If an Event of Default shall have
occurred and be continuing, the Indenture Trustee may, and at the direction of
Holders of Priority Class Notes representing a majority of the Outstanding
Balance thereof shall, do one or more of the following (subject to Section
5.05):
(i) institute Proceedings in its own name and as trustee of an
express trust for the collection of all amounts then payable on the Notes
or under this Indenture with respect thereto, whether by declaration or
otherwise, enforce any judgment obtained and collect from the Issuer and
any other obligor upon such Notes moneys adjudged due;
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(ii) institute Proceedings from time to time for the complete or
partial foreclosure of this Indenture with respect to the Collateral;
(iii) exercise any remedies of a secured party under the Relevant
UCC and take any other appropriate action to protect and enforce the
rights and remedies of the Indenture Trustee and the Holders of the
Notes; and
(iv) sell the Collateral or any portion thereof or rights or
interest therein, at one or more public or private sales called and
conducted in any manner permitted by law;
provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee may not sell or otherwise
liquidate any Collateral following an Event of Default, other than an Event of
Default described in Section 5.01(a)(i) or (ii), unless (A) the Holders of
100% of the Outstanding Balance of the Notes consent thereto or (B) the
proceeds of such sale or liquidation distributable to the Noteholders are
sufficient to discharge in full all amounts then due and unpaid upon such
Notes for principal and interest or (C) the Indenture Trustee determines,
based on information provided by the Trust Administrator, that the Collateral
will not continue to provide sufficient funds for the payment of principal of
and interest on the Notes as they would have become due if the Notes had not
been declared due and payable, and the Indenture Trustee obtains the consent
of Holders of 66-2/3% of the Outstanding Balance of the Notes. In determining
such sufficiency or insufficiency with respect to clauses (B) and (C), the
Indenture Trustee may, but need not, obtain and rely upon an opinion of an
Independent investment banking or accounting firm of national reputation as to
the feasibility of such proposed action and as to the sufficiency of the
Collateral for such purpose.
(b) If the Indenture Trustee collects any money or property pursuant to
this Article Five, it shall pay out the money or property in the following
order:
first: to the Indenture Trustee, for any costs or expenses,
including any reasonable out-of-pocket attorneys' fees, incurred by it in
connection with the enforcement of the remedies provided for in this
Article Five and for any other unpaid amounts due to the Indenture
Trustee hereunder, to the Trust Administrator for any amounts due and
owing to it under the Transfer and Servicing Agreement, to the Custodian
for any amounts due and owing to them under the Custodial Agreement, and
to the Owner Trustee, to the extent of any fees and expenses due and
owing to it (including pursuant to Section 7.03 of the Trust Agreement)
and for any other unpaid amounts due to the Owner Trustee under the
Transfer and Servicing Agreement;
second: to the Master Servicer and Servicer for any Servicing Fees
then due and unpaid and any unreimbursed Advances and other servicing
advances;
third: to the Notes, all accrued and unpaid interest thereon and
amounts in respect of principal according to the priorities set forth in
Section 6.02 of the Transfer and Servicing Agreement; provided, however,
that accrued and unpaid interest shall be paid to Noteholders of each
Class of Notes before any payments in respect of principal; and
fourth: to the Owner Trustee or its Paying Agent for any amounts to
be distributed to the Holder of the Ownership Certificate.
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The Trust Administrator may fix a record date and payment date for
any payment to Noteholders pursuant to this Section. At least 15 days before
such record date, the Issuer shall mail to each Noteholder and the Indenture
Trustee a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount
to be paid.
Section 5.05. Optional Preservation of the Collateral. If the Notes have
been declared to be due and payable under Section 5.02 following an Event of
Default and such declaration and its consequences have not been rescinded and
annulled, the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, elect to maintain
possession of the Collateral. It is the desire of the parties hereto and the
Noteholders that there be at all times sufficient funds for the payment of
principal of and interest on the Notes, and the Indenture Trustee shall take
such desire into account when determining whether or not to maintain
possession of the Collateral. In determining whether to maintain possession of
the Collateral, the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, obtain and rely upon
an opinion (at the expense of the Issuer) of an Independent investment banking
or accounting firm of national reputation as to the feasibility of such
proposed action and as to the sufficiency of the Collateral for such purpose.
Section 5.06. Limitation of Suits. Other than as otherwise expressly
provided herein in the case of an Event of Default, no Holder of any Note
shall have any right to institute any Proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with
respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or
for any other remedy hereunder, unless:
(i) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Indenture
Trustee of a continuing Event of Default;
(ii) the Holders of not less than 25% of the Outstanding Balance of
the Notes have made written request to the Indenture Trustee to institute
such Proceeding in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as
Indenture Trustee hereunder;
(iii) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Indenture
Trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs,
expenses and liabilities to be incurred in complying with such
request;
(iv) the Indenture Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of
such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute
such Proceedings; and
(v) no direction inconsistent with such written request has
been given to the Indenture Trustee during such 60 day period by the
Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Balance of the Notes.
It is understood and intended that no one or more Holders of Notes shall
have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any
provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any
other Holders of Notes or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or
preference over any other Holders or to enforce any right under this
Indenture, except in the manner herein provided.
In the event the Indenture Trustee shall receive conflicting or
inconsistent requests and indemnity from two or more groups of Holders of
Notes, each representing less than a majority
32
of the Outstanding Balance of the Notes, the Indenture Trustee shall take the
action requested by the Holders of the largest percentage in Outstanding
Balance of the Notes, notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture.
Section 5.07. Unconditional Rights of Noteholders To Receive Principal
and Interest. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Indenture, the
Holder of any Note shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional,
to receive payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on such Note on
or after the respective due dates thereof expressed in such Note or in this
Indenture (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date) and
to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such right
shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.
Section 5.08. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Indenture
Trustee or any Noteholder has instituted any Proceeding to enforce any right
or remedy under this Indenture and such Proceeding has been discontinued or
abandoned for any reason or has been determined adversely to the Indenture
Trustee or to such Noteholder, then and in every such case the Issuer, the
Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders shall, subject to any determination in
such Proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their former
positions hereunder, and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Indenture
Trustee and the Noteholders shall continue as though no such Proceeding had
been instituted.
Section 5.09. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. No right or remedy herein
conferred upon or reserved to the Indenture Trustee or to the Noteholders is
intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and
remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to
every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at
law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or
remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or
employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.
Section 5.10. Delay or Omission Not a Waiver. No delay or omission of the
Indenture Trustee or any Holder of any Note to exercise any right or remedy
accruing upon any Default or Event of Default shall impair any such right or
remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Default or Event of Default or an
acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article Five or by
law to the Indenture Trustee or to the Noteholders may be exercised from time
to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Indenture Trustee or
by the Noteholders, as the case may be.
Section 5.11. Control by Noteholders. Except as otherwise provided in
Section 5.02, the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Balance of the
Notes shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting
any Proceeding for any remedy available to the Indenture Trustee with respect
to the Notes or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Indenture
Trustee; provided that:
(i) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of
law or with this Indenture;
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(ii) subject to the express terms of Section 5.04, any
direction to the Indenture Trustee to sell or liquidate the
Collateral shall be by Holders of Notes representing not less than
100% of the Outstanding Balance of the Notes;
(iii) if the conditions set forth in Section 5.05 have been
satisfied and the Indenture Trustee elects to retain the Collateral
pursuant to such Section, then any direction to the Indenture
Trustee by Holders of Notes representing less than 100% of the
Outstanding Balance of the Notes to sell or liquidate the Collateral
shall be of no force and effect; and
(iv) the Indenture Trustee may take any other action deemed
proper by the Indenture Trustee that is not inconsistent with such
direction.
Notwithstanding the rights of the Noteholders set forth in this Section,
subject to Section 6.01(g), the Indenture Trustee need not take any action
that it determines might involve it in liability or might materially adversely
affect the rights of any Noteholders not consenting to such action.
Section 5.12. Waiver of Past Defaults. Prior to the declaration of the
acceleration of the maturity of the Notes as provided in Section 5.02, the
Holders of Notes of not less than a majority of the Outstanding Balance of the
Notes may waive, in writing, any past Default or Event of Default and its
consequences except a Default (a) in payment of principal of or interest on
any of the Notes or (b) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which
cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each Note.
In the case of any such waiver, the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the
Holders of the Notes shall be restored to their former positions and rights
hereunder, respectively; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or
other Default or impair any right consequent thereto.
Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist and be deemed to
have been cured and not to have occurred, and any Event of Default arising
therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured and not to have occurred, for
every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any
subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent
thereto.
Section 5.13. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Indenture agree,
and each Holder of a Note by such Holder's acceptance thereof shall be deemed
to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for
the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit
against the Indenture Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it
as Indenture Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an
undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its
discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees,
against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and
good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the
provisions of this Section shall not apply to (a) any suit instituted by the
Indenture Trustee, (b) any suit instituted by any Noteholder, or group of
Noteholders, in each case holding in the aggregate more than 10% of the
Outstanding Balance of the Notes or (c) any suit instituted by any Noteholder
for the enforcement of the payment of principal of or interest on any Note on
or after the respective due
34
dates expressed in such Note and in this Indenture (or, in the case of
redemption, on or after the Redemption Date).
Section 5.14. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws. The Issuer covenants (to
the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist
upon, or plead or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or
advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time
hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of this
Indenture; and the Issuer (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby
expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that
it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted
to the Indenture Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every
such power as though no such law had been enacted.
Section 5.15. Action on Notes. The Indenture Trustee's right to seek and
recover judgment on the Notes or under this Indenture shall not be affected by
the seeking, obtaining or application of any other relief under or with
respect to this Indenture. Neither the lien of this Indenture nor any rights
or remedies of the Indenture Trustee or the Noteholders shall be impaired by
the recovery of any judgment by the Indenture Trustee against the Issuer or by
the levy of any execution under such judgment upon any portion of the
Collateral or upon any of the assets of the Issuer. Any money or property
collected by the Indenture Trustee and remitted to the Trust Administrator
shall be applied by the Trust Administrator in accordance with Section
5.04(b).
Section 5.16. Performance and Enforcement of Certain Obligations. (a)
Promptly following a request from the Indenture Trustee to do so, the Issuer
shall take all such lawful action as the Indenture Trustee may request to
compel or secure the performance and observance by the Seller, the Depositor,
the Trust Administrator or the Master Servicer, as applicable, of each of
their obligations to the Issuer under or in connection with the Mortgage Loan
Purchase Agreement and Transfer and Servicing Agreement, and to exercise any
and all rights, remedies, powers and privileges lawfully available to the
Issuer under or in connection with the Transfer and Servicing Agreement,
including the transmission of notices of default on the part of the Seller,
the Depositor, the Trust Administrator or the Master Servicer, as applicable,
under the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement and Transfer and Servicing
Agreement and the institution of legal or administrative actions or
proceedings to compel or secure performance by the Seller, the Depositor, the
Trust Administrator or the Master Servicer of each of their applicable
obligations under the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement and Transfer and
Servicing Agreement.
(b) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Indenture
Trustee may, and at the direction (which direction shall be in writing or by
telephone (confirmed in writing promptly thereafter)) of the Holders of a
majority of the Outstanding Balance of the Priority Class Notes shall,
exercise all rights, remedies, powers, privileges and claims of the Issuer
against the Depositor, the Trust Administrator or the Master Servicer under or
in connection with the Transfer and Servicing Agreement or the Seller under or
in connection with the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement, including the right
or power to take any action to compel or secure performance or observance by
the Seller, the Depositor or the Master Servicer, of each of their applicable
obligations to the Issuer thereunder and to give any consent, request, notice,
direction,
35
approval, extension or waiver under the Transfer and Servicing Agreement, and
any right of the Issuer to take such action shall be suspended.
ARTICLE SIX
THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE
Section 6.01. Duties of Indenture Trustee. (a) If an Event of Default has
occurred and is continuing, the Indenture Trustee shall exercise the rights
and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and
skill in its exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the
circumstances in the conduct of such person's own affairs.
(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:
(i) the Indenture Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only
such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture and shall not
be liable except for the performance of such duties and obligations as
are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no implied covenants or
obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Indenture
Trustee; and
(ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Indenture Trustee
may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the
correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or
opinions furnished to the Indenture Trustee and on their face conforming
to the requirements of this Indenture; however, the Indenture Trustee
shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not
they conform on their face to the requirements of this Indenture.
(c) The Indenture Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own
negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, its own willful misconduct
or its own bad faith, except that:
(i) this paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (a) of
this Section;
(ii) the Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any error of
judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer unless it is proved
that the Indenture Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent
facts;
(iii) the Indenture Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any
action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with this
Indenture or upon a direction received by it from the requisite
Noteholders pursuant to Article Five; and
(iv) the Indenture Trustee shall not be required to take notice or
be deemed to have notice or knowledge of (a) any failure by the Issuer to
comply with its obligations hereunder or in the Operative Agreements or
(b) any Default or Event of Default, unless a Responsible Officer of the
Indenture Trustee assigned to and working in its corporate trust
department obtains actual knowledge of such Default or Event of Default
or shall have received written notice thereof. In the absence of such
actual knowledge or notice,
36
the Indenture Trustee may conclusively assume that there is no Default or
Event of Default.
(d) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the
Indenture Trustee is subject to the provisions of this Section.
(e) The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for indebtedness evidenced
by or arising under any of the Operative Agreements, including principal of or
interest on the Notes, or interest on any money received by it except as the
Indenture Trustee may agree in writing with the Issuer.
(f) Money held in trust by the Indenture Trustee need not be segregated
from other funds except to the extent required by law or the terms of this
Indenture or the Transfer and Servicing Agreement.
(g) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Indenture Trustee to
expend, advance or risk its own funds or otherwise incur financial liability
in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of
its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds to believe that
repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability
is not reasonably assured to it provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee
shall not refuse or fail to perform any of its duties hereunder solely as a
result of nonpayment of its normal fees and expenses.
(h) Every provision of this Indenture or any Operative Agreement relating
to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the
Indenture Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section, Section
6.02 and to the provisions of the TIA.
(i) The Indenture Trustee shall execute and deliver the Transfer and
Servicing Agreement and perform its duties thereunder.
(j) The Indenture Trustee shall not have any duty or obligation to
manage, make any payment with respect to, register, record, sell, dispose of,
or otherwise deal with the Collateral, or to otherwise take or refrain from
taking any action under, or in connection with, any document contemplated
hereby to which the Indenture Trustee is a party, except as expressly provided
(i) in accordance with the powers granted to and the authority conferred upon
the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Agreement or any other Operative
Agreement, and (ii) in accordance with any document or instruction delivered
to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to the terms of this Agreement; and no
implied duties or obligations shall be read into this Agreement or any
Operative Agreement against the Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee
agrees that it will, at the cost and expense of the Issuer, promptly take all
action as may be necessary to discharge any liens on any part of the
Collateral that result from actions by, or claims against itself (in its
individual capacity, and not in the capacity of Indenture Trustee) that are
not related to the administration of the Collateral.
(k) Neither the Indenture Trustee nor the Trust Administrator shall have
any liability or responsibility for the acts or omissions of the other Person,
it being understood that this Indenture shall not be construed to render them
agents of one another.
37
(l) In order to comply with its duties under the USA Patriot Act of 2001,
the Indenture Trustee shall obtain and verify certain information and
documentation from the other parties to this Indenture including, but not
limited to, each such party's name, address, and other identifying
information.
Section 6.02. Rights of Indenture Trustee. (a) The Indenture Trustee may
rely on any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or
presented by the proper person. The Indenture Trustee need not investigate any
fact or matter stated in the document.
(b) Before the Indenture Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may
require an Officer's Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel, which shall not be
at the expense of the Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee shall not be
liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on
an Officer's Certificate or Opinion of Counsel. The right of the Indenture
Trustee to perform any discretionary act enumerated in this Indenture or in
any Operative Agreement shall not be construed as a duty and the Indenture
Trustee shall not be answerable for other than its negligence or willful
misconduct in the performance of such act.
(c) The Indenture Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers
hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through
agents or attorneys or a custodian or nominee.
(d) The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or
omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its
rights or powers; provided, that the Indenture Trustee's conduct does not
constitute willful misconduct, negligence or bad faith.
(e) The Indenture Trustee may consult with counsel, and any Opinion of
Counsel with respect to legal matters relating to this Indenture, any
Operative Agreement and the Notes shall be full and complete authorization and
protection from liability in respect to any action taken, omitted or suffered
by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with any Opinion of Counsel of
such counsel.
(f) In the event that the Indenture Trustee is also acting as Custodian
hereunder or under any Operative Agreement, the rights and protections
afforded to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Article Six shall be
afforded to such Custodian.
(g) The permissive rights of the Indenture Trustee enumerated herein
shall not be construed as duties.
Section 6.03. Individual Rights of Indenture Trustee. The Indenture
Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or
pledgee of Notes and may otherwise deal with the Issuer or its Affiliates with
the same rights it would have if it were not Indenture Trustee. Any Paying
Agent, Note Registrar, co registrar or co paying agent may do the same with
like rights. However, the Indenture Trustee must comply with Section 6.11.
Section 6.04. Indenture Trustee's Disclaimer. The Indenture Trustee shall
not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity or
adequacy of any of the Operative Agreements or the Notes or the sufficiency of
the Collateral; it shall not be accountable for the Issuer's use of the
proceeds from the Notes, and it shall not be responsible
38
for any statement of the Issuer or the Servicer in this Indenture, any
Operative Agreement or in any other document issued in connection with the
sale of the Notes or in the Notes.
Section 6.05. Notice of Defaults. If a Default occurs and is continuing
and if a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee has actual knowledge
thereof, the Indenture Trustee shall give prompt written notice thereof to
each Noteholder.
Section 6.06. Reports by Trust Administrator to Holders. The Trust
Administrator shall deliver to each Noteholder such information with respect
to the Notes as may be required to enable such holder to prepare its federal
and state income tax returns and shall file such information returns with the
Internal Revenue Service with respect to payments or accruals of interest on
the Notes as are required to be filed under the Code or applicable Treasury
Regulations.
Section 6.07. Compensation and Indemnity. The Indenture Trustee shall be
entitled, as compensation for its services, a fee to be paid by the Master
Servicer as provided in a separate agreement between such parties. The
Indenture Trustee's compensation shall not be limited by any law on
compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Indenture Trustee and any
co-trustee shall be reimbursed on behalf of the Issuer from funds in the
Collection Account, as provided in the Transfer and Servicing Agreement, for
all reasonable ordinary out of pocket expenses incurred or made by it,
including costs of collection, in addition to the compensation for its
services (as provided in the Transfer and Servicing Agreement). Reimbursable
expenses under this Section shall include the reasonable compensation and
expenses, disbursements and advances of the Indenture Trustee's agents,
counsel, accountants and experts. The Issuer shall indemnify the Indenture
Trustee, any co-trustee and their respective employees, directors and agents,
as provided in the Transfer and Servicing Agreement and from funds in the
Collection Account, against any and all claim, loss, liability or expense
(including attorneys' fees) incurred by it in connection with the
administration of this trust and the performance of its duties hereunder or
under any Operative Agreement. The Indenture Trustee or co-trustee, as
applicable, shall notify the Issuer and the Trust Administrator promptly of
any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Failure by the Indenture Trustee or
the co-trustee, as applicable, to so notify the Issuer and the Trust
Administrator shall not relieve the Issuer or the Trust Administrator of its
obligations hereunder. The Issuer shall defend any such claim, and the
Indenture Trustee and any co-trustee may have separate counsel and the fees
and expenses of such counsel shall be payable on behalf of the Issuer from
funds in the Collection Account. The Issuer shall not be required to reimburse
any expense or indemnify against any loss, liability or expense incurred by
the Indenture Trustee or any co-trustee, as applicable, through the Indenture
Trustee's or co-trustee's, as the case may be, own willful misconduct,
negligence or bad faith.
The Issuer's obligations to the Indenture Trustee and any co-trustee
pursuant to this Section shall survive the resignation or removal of the
Indenture Trustee and the termination of discharge of this Indenture. When the
Indenture Trustee or any co-trustee incurs expenses after the occurrence of a
Default specified in Section 5.01(iv) or (vi) with respect to the Issuer, the
expenses are intended to constitute expenses of administration under Title 11
of the United States Code or any other applicable federal or state bankruptcy,
insolvency or similar law.
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Section 6.08. Replacement of Indenture Trustee. No resignation or removal
of the Indenture Trustee and no appointment of a successor Indenture Trustee
shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor
Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Section. The Indenture Trustee may resign
at any time by giving 30 days' written notice thereof to the Depositor, the
Issuer, each Noteholder and each Rating Agency. The Issuer shall remove the
Indenture Trustee if:
(i) the Indenture Trustee fails to comply with Section 6.11;
(ii) the Indenture Trustee is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent;
(iii) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the
Indenture Trustee or its property; or
(iv) the Indenture Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting.
If the Indenture Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in
the office of the Indenture Trustee for any reason (the Indenture Trustee in
such event being referred to herein as the retiring Indenture Trustee), the
Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor Indenture Trustee that satisfies the
eligibility requirements of Section 6.11.
The resigning or removed Indenture Trustee agrees to cooperate with any
successor Indenture Trustee in effecting the termination of the resigning or
removed Indenture Trustee's responsibilities and rights hereunder and shall
promptly provide such successor Indenture Trustee all documents and records
reasonably requested by it to enable it to assume the Indenture Trustee's
functions hereunder.
A successor Indenture Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its
appointment to the retiring Indenture Trustee and to the Issuer. Thereupon the
resignation or removal of the retiring Indenture Trustee shall become
effective, and the successor Indenture Trustee shall have all the rights,
powers and duties of the Indenture Trustee under this Indenture. The successor
Indenture Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to Noteholders. The
retiring Indenture Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as
Indenture Trustee to the successor Indenture Trustee.
If a successor Indenture Trustee does not take office after the retiring
Indenture Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Indenture Trustee, the
Issuer or the Holders of a majority in Outstanding Balance of the Notes may
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a
successor Indenture Trustee.
If the Indenture Trustee fails to comply with Section 6.11, any
Noteholder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of
the Indenture Trustee and the appointment of a successor Indenture Trustee.
Section 6.09. Successor Indenture Trustee or Trust Administrator by
Merger. (a) If the Indenture Trustee or Trust Administrator consolidates with,
merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all its corporate
trust business or assets to, another corporation or banking association, as
applicable, the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation without any
further act shall be the successor Indenture Trustee or successor Trust
Administrator, as the case may be;
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provided, that such corporation or banking association shall be otherwise
qualified and eligible hereunder and under any other Operative Document. The
Indenture Trustee shall provide each Rating Agency prior written notice of any
such transaction.
(b) In case at the time such successor or successors by merger,
conversion or consolidation shall succeed to the Trust Administrator, for any
of the Notes which have been authenticated by the Trust Administrator but not
delivered, such successor Trust Administrator may adopt the certificate of
authentication of any predecessor trust administrator and deliver such Notes
so authenticated; and in case at that time any of the Notes shall not have
been authenticated, any successor Trust Administrator may authenticate such
Notes either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the
successor Trust Administrator; and in all such cases such certificates shall
have the full force which it is anywhere in the Notes or in this Indenture
provided that the certificate of the Trust Administrator shall have.
Section 6.10. Appointment of Co-Indenture Trustee or Separate Indenture
Trustee. (a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture, at any
time, for the purpose of meeting any legal requirement of any jurisdiction in
which any part of the Collateral may at the time be located, the Indenture
Trustee shall have the power and may execute and deliver all instruments to
appoint one or more Persons to act as a co-trustee or co-trustees, or separate
trustee or separate trustees, of all or any part of the Trust, and to vest in
such Person or Persons, in such capacity and for the benefit of the
Noteholders, such title to the Collateral, or any part hereof, and, subject to
the other provisions of this Section, such powers, duties, obligations, rights
and trusts as the Indenture Trustee may consider necessary or desirable. No
co-trustee or separate trustee hereunder shall be required to meet the terms
of eligibility as a successor trustee under Section 6.11 and no notice to
Noteholders of the appointment of any co-trustee or separate trustee shall be
required under Section 6.08 hereof.
(b) Every separate trustee and co-trustee shall, to the extent permitted
by law, be appointed and act subject to the following provisions and
conditions:
(i) all rights, powers, duties and obligations conferred or imposed
upon the Indenture Trustee shall be conferred or imposed upon and
exercised or performed by the Indenture Trustee and such separate trustee
or co-trustee jointly (it being understood that such separate trustee or
co-trustee is not authorized to act separately without the Indenture
Trustee joining in such act), except to the extent that under any law of
any jurisdiction in which any particular act or acts are to be performed
the Indenture Trustee shall be incompetent or unqualified to perform such
act or acts, in which event such rights, powers, duties and obligations
(including the holding of title to the Collateral or any portion thereof
in any such jurisdiction) shall be exercised and performed singly by such
separate trustee or co-trustee, but solely at the direction of the
Indenture Trustee;
(ii) no trustee hereunder shall be personally liable by reason of
any act or omission of any other trustee hereunder; and
(iii) the Indenture Trustee may at any time accept the resignation
of or remove any separate trustee or co-trustee.
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(c) Any notice, request or other writing given to the Indenture Trustee
shall be deemed to have been given to each of the then separate trustees and
co-trustees, as effectively as if given to each of them. Every instrument
appointing any separate trustee or co-trustee shall refer to this Indenture
and the conditions of this Article Six. Each separate trustee and co-trustee,
upon its acceptance of the trusts conferred, shall be vested with the estates
or property specified in its instrument of appointment, either jointly with
the Indenture Trustee or separately, as may be provided therein, subject to
all the provisions of this Indenture, specifically including every provision
of this Indenture relating to the conduct of, affecting the liability of, or
affording protection to, the Indenture Trustee. Every such instrument shall be
filed with the Indenture Trustee.
(d) Any separate trustee or co-trustee may at any time constitute the
Indenture Trustee, its agent or attorney in fact with full power and
authority, to the extent not prohibited by law, to do any lawful act under or
in respect of this Indenture on its behalf and in its name. If any separate
trustee or co-trustee shall die, become incapable of acting, resign or be
removed, all of its estates, properties, rights, remedies and trusts shall
vest in and be exercised by the Indenture Trustee, to the extent permitted by
law, without the appointment of a new or successor trustee.
Section 6.11. Eligibility; Disqualification. The Indenture Trustee shall
at all times (i) satisfy the requirements of TIA Section 310(a), (ii) have a
combined capital and surplus of at least $100,000,000 as set forth in its most
recently published annual report of condition, (iii) have a long term debt
rating equivalent to "A" or better by the Rating Agencies or be otherwise
acceptable to the Rating Agencies and (iv) not be an Affiliate of the Issuer
or the Owner Trustee. The Indenture Trustee shall comply with TIA Section
310(b), including the optional provision permitted by the second sentence of
TIA Section 310(b)(9); provided, however, that there shall be excluded from
the operation of TIA Section 310(b)(1) any indenture or indentures under which
other securities of the Issuer are outstanding if the requirements for such
exclusion set forth in TIA Section 310(b)(1) are met.
Section 6.12. Representations and Warranties. The Indenture Trustee
hereby represents that:
(a) the Indenture Trustee is duly organized and validly existing as a
national banking association in good standing under the laws of the United
States with power and authority to own its properties and to conduct its
business as such properties are currently owned and such business is presently
conducted;
(b) the Indenture Trustee has the power and authority to execute and
deliver this Indenture and to carry out its terms; and the execution, delivery
and performance of this Indenture have been duly authorized by the Indenture
Trustee by all necessary corporate action;
(c) the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Indenture
and the fulfillment of the terms hereof do not conflict with, result in any
breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without
notice or lapse of time) a default under the articles of organization or
bylaws of the Indenture Trustee or, to the knowledge of the Indenture Trustee,
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any material agreement or other instrument to which the Indenture Trustee is a
party or by which it is bound; and
(d) to the Indenture Trustee's best knowledge, there are no proceedings
or investigations pending or threatened before any court, regulatory body,
administrative agency or other governmental instrumentality having
jurisdiction over the Indenture Trustee: (i) asserting the invalidity of this
Indenture, (ii) seeking to prevent the consummation of any of the transactions
contemplated by this Indenture or (iii) seeking any determination or ruling
that might materially and adversely affect the performance by the Indenture
Trustee of its obligations under, or the validity or enforceability of, this
Indenture. Section 6.13. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuer. The
Indenture Trustee shall comply with TIA Section 311(a), excluding any creditor
relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). An Indenture Trustee which has
resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA Section 311(a) to the extent
indicated.
ARTICLE SEVEN
NOTEHOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS
Section 7.01. Note Registrar To Furnish to the Indenture Trustee the
Names and Addresses of Noteholders. The Note Registrar will furnish or cause
to be furnished to the Indenture Trustee at such times as the Indenture
Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after receipt by the Note
Registrar of any such request, a list in such form as the Indenture Trustee
may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of Notes as
of a date not more than 10 days prior to the time such list is furnished.
Section 7.02. Preservation of Information; Communications to Noteholders.
(a) The Trust Administrator shall preserve, in as current a form as is
reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of the Holders of Notes
contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trust Administrator as
provided in Section 7.01 and the names and addresses of Holders of Notes
received by the Trust Administrator in its capacity as Note Registrar. The
Trust Administrator may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in such
Section 7.01 upon receipt of a new list so furnished. If three or more
Noteholders, or one or more Holders of a Class of Notes evidencing not less
than 25% of the Outstanding Balance thereof (hereinafter referred to as
"Applicants"), apply in writing to the Trust Administrator or the Indenture
Trustee, and such application states that the Applicants desire to communicate
with other holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under
the Notes, then the Trust Administrator shall, within five Business Days after
the receipt of such application, afford such Applicants access, during normal
business hours, to the current list of Holders. Every Holder, by receiving and
holding a Note, agrees with the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the Trust
Administrator that neither the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee nor the Trust
Administrator shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any
such information as to the names and addresses of the Holders under this
Indenture, regardless of the source from which such information was derived.
(b) Noteholders may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with other
Noteholders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the
Notes.
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(c) The Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the Trust Administrator shall
have the protection of TIA Section 312(c).
Section 7.03. Reports by Issuer. (a) The Issuer shall:
(i) file with the Indenture Trustee and the Commission in accordance
with the rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the
Commission such additional information, documents and reports with
respect to compliance by the Issuer with the conditions and covenants of
this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and
regulations. Delivery of such information, documents and reports to the
Indenture Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Indenture
Trustee's receipt of such reports shall not constitute constructive
notice of any information contained therein or determinable from
information contained therein, including the Issuer's compliance with any
of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Indenture Trustee is entitle
to rely exclusively on Officers' Certificates); and
(ii) supply to the Trust Administrator (and the Trust Administrator
shall transmit by mail to all Noteholders described in TIA Section
313(c)) such summaries of any information, documents and reports required
to be filed by the Issuer pursuant to clause (i) of this Section 7.03(a)
and by rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the
Commission.
(b) Unless the Issuer otherwise determines, the fiscal year of the Issuer
shall end on December 31 of each year.
Section 7.04. Reports by Indenture Trustee. If required by TIA Section
313(a), within 60 days after each March 1, beginning with March 1, 2006, the
Indenture Trustee shall mail to each Noteholder as required by TIA Section
313(c) a brief report dated as of such date that complies with TIA Section
313(a). The Indenture Trustee also shall comply with TIA Section 313(b).
A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Noteholders shall be
filed by the Indenture Trustee with the Commission and each securities
exchange, if any, on which the Notes are listed. The Issuer shall notify the
Indenture Trustee if and when the Notes are listed on any securities exchange.
ARTICLE EIGHT
ACCOUNTS, DISBURSEMENTS AND RELEASES
Section 8.01. Collection of Money. Except as otherwise expressly provided
herein, the Indenture Trustee may demand payment or delivery of, and shall
receive and collect (or direct such funds to the Trust Administrator),
directly and without intervention or assistance of any fiscal agent or other
intermediary, all money and other property payable to or receivable by the
Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Indenture. The Trust Administrator shall
apply all such money received by it as provided in this Indenture. Except as
otherwise expressly provided in this Indenture, if any default occurs in the
making of any payment or performance under any agreement or instrument that is
part of the Collateral, the Indenture Trustee may take such action
44
as may be appropriate to enforce such payment or performance, including the
institution and prosecution of appropriate Proceedings. Any such action shall
be without prejudice to any right to claim a Default or Event of Default under
this Indenture and any right to proceed thereafter as provided in Article
Five.
Section 8.02. Collection Account. On each Payment Date and Redemption
Date, the Paying Agent (or, if the Trust Administrator acts as Paying Agent,
the Trust Administrator) shall distribute all amounts on deposit in the
Collection Account as provided in Sections 5.08 and 6.02 of the Transfer and
Servicing Agreement. On the Closing Date and on each anniversary of the
Closing Date, the Trust Administrator shall pay from its own funds the Owner
Trustee's annual fee.
Section 8.03. Release of Collateral. (a) Subject to the payment of its
fees and expenses pursuant to Section 6.07, the Indenture Trustee may, and
when required by the provisions of this Indenture and the Transfer and
Servicing Agreement shall, execute instruments to release property from the
lien of this Indenture, or convey the Indenture Trustee's interest in the
same, in a manner and under circumstances that are not inconsistent with the
provisions of this Indenture. No party relying upon an instrument executed by
the Indenture Trustee as provided in this Article Eight shall be bound to
ascertain the Indenture Trustee's authority, inquire into the satisfaction of
any conditions precedent or see to the application of any monies.
(b) The Indenture Trustee shall, at such time as the Trust Administrator
notifies the Indenture Trustee in writing that there are no Notes outstanding
and all sums due to the Noteholders pursuant to the Transfer and Servicing
Agreement and all fees and expenses of the Indenture Trustee, the Master
Servicer, the Trust Administrator and the Custodian pursuant to this Indenture
or any other Operative Agreement have been paid, release any remaining portion
of the Collateral that secured the Notes from the lien of this Indenture and
the Trust Administrator shall release to the Issuer or any other Person
entitled thereto any funds then on deposit in the Trust Account and assign or
transfer any outstanding Interest Rate Cap Agreements. The Indenture Trustee
shall release property from the lien of this Indenture pursuant to this
subsection (b) only upon receipt of an Issuer Request accompanied by an
Officer's Certificate, an Opinion of Counsel and (if required by the TIA)
Independent Certificates in accordance with TIA Sections 314(c) and 314(d)(1)
meeting the applicable requirements of Section 11.01 hereof.
ARTICLE NINE
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
Section 9.01. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Noteholders. (a)
Without the consent of the Holders of any Notes but with prior notice to each
Rating Agency, the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, when authorized by an
Issuer Order, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more
indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the
Trust Indenture Act as in force at the date of the execution thereof), in form
satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee, for any of the following purposes:
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(i) to correct or amplify the description of any property at any
time subject to the lien of this Indenture, or better to assure, convey
and confirm unto the Indenture Trustee any property subject or required
to be subjected to the lien of this Indenture, or to subject to the lien
of this Indenture additional property;
(ii) to evidence the succession, in compliance with the applicable
provisions hereof, of another person to the Issuer, and the assumption by
any such successor of the covenants of the Issuer herein and in the Notes
contained;
(iii) to add to the covenants of the Issuer, for the benefit of the
Holders of the Notes, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred
upon the Issuer;
(iv) to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge any property to
or with the Indenture Trustee;
(v) (A) to cure any ambiguity, (B) to correct or supplement any
provision herein or in any supplemental indenture that may be
inconsistent with any other provisions herein or in any supplemental
indenture or to conform the provisions hereof to those of the Prospectus,
(C) to obtain or maintain a rating for a Class of Notes from a nationally
recognized statistical rating organization, (D) to make any other
provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this
Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture entered
into pursuant to clause (D) of this subparagraph (v) shall adversely
affect in any material respect the interests of any Holder not consenting
thereto;
(vi) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of the appointment
hereunder by a successor trustee with respect to the Notes and to add to
or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary
to facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one
trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Article Six; or
(vii) to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of this
Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to effect the
qualification of this Indenture under the TIA or under any similar
federal statute hereafter enacted and to add to this Indenture such other
provisions as may be expressly required by the TIA.
provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall be entered into
unless the Indenture Trustee shall have received an Opinion of Counsel stating
that as a result of such supplemental indenture, the Trust will not be subject
to federal income tax as long as an entity that qualifies as a REIT under the
Code holds directly, or indirectly through one or more Qualified REIT
Subsidiaries or a Disregarded Entity, a 100% ownership interest in the
Ownership Certificate, and the Indenture Trustee receives an Officer's
Certificate from the Holder of the Ownership Certificate that the Holder of
the Ownership Certificate either qualifies as a REIT, a Qualified REIT
Subsidiary or a Disregarded Entity under the Code and the Holder of the
Ownership Certificate holds a 100% ownership Interest in the Ownership
Certificate.
The Indenture Trustee is hereby authorized to join in the execution of
any such supplemental indenture and to make any further appropriate agreements
and stipulations that may be therein contained.
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(b) A letter from each Rating Agency addressed and delivered to the
Indenture Trustee to the effect that any supplemental indenture entered into
pursuant to this Section 9.01 will not cause the then current ratings on the
Notes to be qualified, reduced or withdrawn shall constitute conclusive
evidence that such amendment does not adversely affect in any material respect
the interests of the Noteholders.
Section 9.02. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Noteholders. The
Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, when authorized by an Issuer Order, also
may, with prior notice to each Rating Agency and with the consent of the
Holders of not less than 66-2/3% of the Outstanding Balance of the Notes, by
Act of such Holders delivered to the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, enter
into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding
any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the
provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the
Holders of the Notes under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such
supplemental indenture shall, adversely affect the interests of the
Noteholders without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Note
affected thereby (i) reduce in any manner the amount of, or delay the timing
of, payments in respect of any Note, (ii) alter the obligations of the
Servicer to make an Advance or alter the servicing standards set forth in the
Transfer and Servicing Agreement or the Servicing Agreement, (iii) reduce the
aforesaid percentages of Notes the Holders of which are required to consent to
any such supplemental indenture, without the consent of the Holders of all
Notes affected thereby, or (iv) permit the creation of any lien ranking prior
to or on a parity with the lien of this Indenture with respect to any part of
the Collateral or, except as otherwise permitted or contemplated herein,
terminate the lien of this Indenture on any property at any time subject
hereto or deprive the Holder of any Note of the security provided by the lien
of this Indenture and provided, further, that such action shall not, as
evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, subject the Trust to federal income tax as
long as an entity that qualifies as a REIT under the Code holds directly, or
indirectly through one or more Qualified REIT Subsidiaries or Disregarded
Entities, a 100% ownership interest in the Ownership Certificate, and provided
further, that the Indenture Trustee receives an Officer's Certificate from the
Holder of the Ownership Certificate that the Holder of the Ownership
Certificate either qualifies as a REIT, a Qualified REIT Subsidiary or a
Disregarded Entity under the Code and the Holder of the Ownership Certificate
holds a 100% ownership Interest in the Ownership Certificate.
The Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to conclusively rely on an
Opinion of Counsel as to whether or not any Notes would be affected by any
supplemental indenture and any such determination shall be conclusive upon the
Holders of all Notes, whether theretofore or thereafter authenticated and
delivered hereunder.
It shall not be necessary for any Act of Noteholders under this Section
to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it
shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.
Promptly after the execution by the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee of
any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Section, the Issuer shall mail to
the Holders of the Notes to which such amendment or supplemental indenture
relates and each Rating Agency a notice setting forth in general terms the
substance of such supplemental indenture. Any failure of the Indenture
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Trustee to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any
way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture.
Section 9.03. Execution of Supplemental Indentures. In executing, or
permitting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture
permitted by this Article Nine or the modification thereby of the trusts
created by this Indenture, the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to receive,
and subject to Section 6.02, shall be fully protected in relying upon, in
addition to the documents required under Section 11.01, an Opinion of Counsel
to the effect provided in Section 9.07. The Indenture Trustee may, but shall
not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects
the Indenture Trustee's own rights, duties, liabilities or immunities under
this Indenture or otherwise.
Section 9.04. Effect of Supplemental Indenture. Upon the execution of any
supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions hereof, this Indenture shall
be and shall be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith with
respect to the Notes affected thereby, and the respective rights, limitations
of rights, obligations, duties, liabilities and immunities under this
Indenture of the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and the Holders of the Notes
shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in
all respects to such modifications and amendments, and all the terms and
conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be
part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes.
Section 9.05. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every amendment of
this Indenture and every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this
Article Nine shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as
then in effect so long as this Indenture shall then be qualified under the
Trust Indenture Act.
Section 9.06. Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures. Notes
authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture
pursuant to this Article Nine may, and if required by the Trust Administrator
shall, bear a notation in a form approved by the Trust Administrator as to any
matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Issuer or the Trust
Administrator shall so determine, new Notes so modified as to conform, in the
opinion of the Trust Administrator and the Issuer, to any such supplemental
indenture may be prepared and executed by the Issuer and authenticated and
delivered by the Trust Administrator in exchange for Outstanding Notes.
Section 9.07. Opinion of Counsel. In connection with any supplemental
indenture pursuant to this Article Nine, the Indenture Trustee shall be
entitled to receive an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such supplemental
indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and that all conditions
precedent to the execution of such supplemental indenture in accordance with
the relevant provisions of this Article Nine have been met.
Nothing in this Section shall be construed to require that any Person
obtain the consent of the Indenture Trustee to any amendment or waiver or any
provision of any document where the making of such amendment or the giving of
such waiver without obtaining the consent of the Indenture Trustee is not
prohibited by this Indenture or by the terms of the document that is the
subject of the proposed amendment or waiver.
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ARTICLE TEN
REDEMPTION OF NOTES
Section 10.01. Redemption. The Notes are subject to redemption pursuant
to Section 9.02 of the Transfer and Servicing Agreement. The Issuer shall
furnish each Rating Agency, the Trust Administrator and the Indenture Trustee
notice of such redemption at least 15 days prior to such redemption. If the
Notes are to be redeemed pursuant to Section 9.02 of the Transfer and
Servicing Agreement, Aames Investment Acceptance Corporation or the Servicer,
as applicable, shall furnish notice of its exercise of its option to redeem
the Notes to the Indenture Trustee and the Trust Administrator not later than
15 days prior to the applicable Redemption Date and Aames Investment
Acceptance Corporation or the Servicer, as applicable, shall deposit by 10:00
A.M. New York City time on the applicable Redemption Date with the Trust
Administrator in the Collection Account the Termination Price of the Notes to
be redeemed, whereupon all such Notes shall be due and payable on the
applicable Redemption Date upon the furnishing of a notice complying with
Section 10.02 hereof to each Holder of the Notes.
Section 10.02. Form of Redemption Notice. Notice of redemption under
Section 10.01 shall be given by the Trust Administrator by first class mail,
postage prepaid, or by facsimile mailed or transmitted not later than 10 days
prior to the applicable Redemption Date to each Holder of Notes, as of the
close of business on the Record Date preceding the applicable Redemption Date,
at such Holder's address or facsimile number appearing in the Note Register.
All notices of redemption shall state:
(i) the Redemption Date;
(ii) the Termination Price; and
(iii) the place where such Notes are to be surrendered for payment
of the Termination Price (which shall be the office or agency of the
Issuer to be maintained as provided in Section 3.02).
Notice of redemption of the Notes shall be given by the Trust
Administrator in the name and at the expense of the Issuer. Failure to give
notice of redemption, or any defect therein, to any Holder of any Note shall
not impair or affect the validity of the redemption of any other Note.
Section 10.03. Notes Payable on Applicable Redemption Date. The Notes or
portions thereof to be redeemed shall, following notice of redemption as
required under Section 10.02 (in the case of redemption pursuant to Section
10.01) and remittance to the Trust Administrator of the Termination Price as
required under Section 10.01, on the applicable Redemption Date become due and
payable at the Termination Price and (unless the Issuer shall default in the
payment of the Termination Price) no interest shall accrue on the Termination
Price for any period after the date to which accrued interest is calculated
for purposes of calculating the Termination Price.
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ARTICLE ELEVEN
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Compliance Certificates and Opinions, etc. Upon any
application or request by the Issuer to the Indenture Trustee to take any
action under any provision of this Indenture, the Issuer shall furnish to the
Indenture Trustee: (i) an Officer's Certificate stating that all conditions
precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed
action have been complied with, (ii) an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the
opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent, if any, have been
complied with, and (iii) (if required by the TIA) an Independent Certificate
from a firm of certified public accountants meeting the applicable
requirements of this Section, except that, in the case of any such application
or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically
required by any provision of this Indenture, no additional certificate or
opinion need be furnished.
Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a
condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include:
(i) a statement that each signatory of such certificate or opinion
has read or has caused to be read such covenant or condition and the
definitions herein relating thereto;
(ii) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination
or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
certificate or opinion are based;
(iii) a statement that, in the opinion of each such signatory, such
signatory has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to
enable such signatory to express an informed opinion as to whether or not
such covenant or condition has been complied with; and
(iv) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such
signatory, such condition or covenant has been complied with.
Section 11.02. Form of Documents Delivered to Indenture Trustee. In any
case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an
opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be
certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they
be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may
certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other
such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an
opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.
Any certificate or opinion of an Authorized Officer of the Issuer may be
based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion
of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the
exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or
representations with respect to the matters upon which such officer's
certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate of an
Authorized Officer or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates
to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
50
representations by, an officer or officers of the Servicer, Sub-Servicer, the
Depositor, the Issuer or the Trust Administrator, stating that the information
with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Servicer, the
Sub-Servicer, the Depositor, the Issuer or the Trust Administrator, unless
such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that
the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are
erroneous.
Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and
form one instrument.
Whenever in this Indenture, in connection with any application or
certificate or report to the Indenture Trustee, it is provided that the Issuer
shall deliver any document as a condition of the granting of such application,
or as evidence of the Issuer's compliance with any term hereof, it is intended
that the truth and accuracy, at the time of the granting of such application
or at the effective date of such certificate or report (as the case may be),
of the facts and opinions stated in such document shall in such case be
conditions precedent to the right of the Issuer to have such application
granted or to the sufficiency of such certificate or report. The foregoing
shall not, however, be construed to affect the Indenture Trustee's right to
rely upon the truth and accuracy of any statement or opinion contained in any
such document as provided in Article Six.
Section 11.03. Acts of Noteholders. (a) Any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by
this Indenture to be given or taken by Noteholders may be embodied in and
evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by
such Noteholders in person or by agents duly appointed in writing; and except
as herein otherwise expressly provided such action shall become effective when
such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Indenture Trustee and,
where it is hereby expressly required, to the Issuer. Such instrument or
instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein
sometimes referred to as the "Act" of the Noteholders signing such instrument
or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing
appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this
Indenture and (subject to Section 6.01) conclusive in favor of the Indenture
Trustee and the Issuer, if made in the manner provided in this Section.
(b) The fact and date of the execution by any person of any such
instrument or writing may be proved in any manner that the Indenture Trustee
deems sufficient.
(c) The ownership of Notes shall be proved by the Note Register.
(d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action by the Holder of any Notes shall bind the Holder of
every Note issued upon the registration thereof or in exchange therefor or in
lieu thereof, in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by
the Indenture Trustee or the Issuer in reliance thereon, whether or not
notation of such action is made upon such Note.
Section 11.04. Notices, etc., to Indenture Trustee, Trust Administrator,
Issuer and Rating Agencies. Any request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent, waiver or Act of Noteholders or other documents provided or
permitted by this Indenture shall be in writing and if
51
such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act
of Noteholders is to be made upon, given or furnished to or filed with:
(i) the Indenture Trustee by any Noteholder or by the Issuer shall
be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if in writing and mailed by
certified mail, return receipt requested, to the Indenture Trustee at its
Corporate Trust Office, or
(ii) the Trust Administrator by the Indenture Trustee, any
Noteholder or by the Issuer shall be sufficient for every purpose
hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing to or with the
Trust Administrator at its Corporate Trust Office, or
(iii) the Issuer by the Indenture Trustee, the Trust Administrator
or any Noteholder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if in
writing and mailed first class, postage prepaid to the Issuer addressed
to the address provided in the Transfer and Servicing Agreement, or at
any other address previously furnished in writing to the Indenture
Trustee by the Issuer. The Issuer shall promptly transmit any notice
received by it from the Noteholders to the Indenture Trustee.
Notices required to be given to the Rating Agencies by the Issuer, the
Indenture Trustee, the Trust Administrator or the Owner Trustee shall be in
writing, personally delivered or mailed by certified mail, return receipt
requested, to the address provided in the Transfer and Servicing Agreement or
such other address as shall be designated by written notice to the other
parties.
Section 11.05. Notices to Noteholders; Waiver. Where this Indenture
provides for notice to Noteholders of any event, such notice shall be
sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing
and mailed, first class, postage prepaid to each Noteholder affected by such
event, at such Holder's address as it appears on the Note Register, not later
than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for
the giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Noteholders is given by
mail, neither the failure to mail such notice nor any defect in any notice so
mailed to any particular Noteholder shall affect the sufficiency of such
notice with respect to other Noteholders, and any notice that is mailed in the
manner herein provided shall conclusively be presumed to have been duly given.
Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may
be waived in writing by any Person entitled to receive such notice, either
before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such
notice. Waivers of notice by Noteholders shall be filed with the Indenture
Trustee but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of
any action taken in reliance upon such a waiver.
In case, by reason of the suspension of regular mail service as a result
of a strike, work stoppage or similar activity, it shall be impractical to
mail notice of any event to Noteholders when such notice is required to be
given pursuant to any provision of this Indenture, then any manner of giving
such notice as shall be satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee shall be deemed
to be a sufficient giving of such notice.
Where this Indenture provides for notice to the Rating Agencies, failure
to give such notice shall not affect any other rights or obligations created
hereunder, and shall not under any circumstance constitute a Default or Event
of Default.
52
Section 11.06. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. If any provision hereof
limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof that is required
to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of the Trust
Indenture Act, such required provision shall control.
The provisions of TIA Sections 310 through 317 that impose duties on any
person (including the provisions automatically deemed included herein unless
expressly excluded by this Indenture) are a part of and govern this Indenture,
whether or not physically contained herein.
Section 11.07. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article and
Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and
shall not affect the construction hereof.
Section 11.08. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements in
this Indenture and the Notes by the Issuer shall bind its successors and
assigns, whether so expressed or not. All agreements of the Indenture Trustee
in this Indenture shall bind its successors, co-trustees and agents.
Section 11.09. Severability. In case any provision in this Indenture or
in the Notes shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity,
legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way
be affected or impaired thereby.
Section 11.10. Benefits of Indenture and Consents of Noteholders. Nothing
in this Indenture or in the Notes, express or implied, shall give to any
Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder, the
Owner Trustee and the Noteholders, any benefit or any legal or equitable
right, remedy or claim under this Indenture. Each Noteholder and Note Owner,
by acceptance of a Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest
in a Note, consents to and agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of
this Indenture.
Section 11.11. Legal Holidays. In any case where the date on which any
payment is due shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other
provision of the Notes or this Indenture) payment need not be made on such
date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force
and effect as if made on the date on which nominally due, and no interest
shall accrue for the period from and after any such nominal date.
Section 11.12. Governing Law. THIS INDENTURE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND
CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT
REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN SECTION 5-1401 OF THE
GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW), AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE
PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.
Section 11.13. Counterparts. This Indenture may be executed in any number
of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original,
but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same
instrument.
53
Section 11.14. Recording of Indenture. If this Indenture is subject to
recording in any appropriate public recording offices, such recording is to be
effected by the Issuer and at its expense accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel
(which may be counsel to the Indenture Trustee or any other counsel reasonably
acceptable to the Indenture Trustee) to the effect that such recording is
necessary either for the protection of the Noteholders or any other Person
secured hereunder or for the enforcement of any right or remedy granted to the
Indenture Trustee under this Indenture.
Section 11.15. Trust Obligations. (a) No recourse may be taken, directly
or indirectly, with respect to the obligations of the Issuer, the Owner
Trustee or the Indenture Trustee on the Notes or under this Indenture or any
certificate or other writing delivered in connection herewith or therewith,
against (i) the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee in their respective
individual capacities, (ii) any owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuer
or (iii) any partner, owner, beneficiary, agent, officer, director, employee
or agent of the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee in its respective
individual capacity, any holder of a beneficial interest in the Issuer, the
Owner Trustee or the Indenture Trustee or of any successor or assign of the
Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee in its individual capacity, except as
any such Person may have expressly agreed (it being understood that the
Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee have no such obligations in their
respective individual capacities) and except that any such partner, owner or
beneficiary shall be fully liable, to the extent provided by applicable law,
for any unpaid consideration for stock, unpaid capital contribution or failure
to pay any installment or call owing to such entity. For all purposes of this
Indenture, in the performance of any duties or obligations of the Issuer
hereunder, the Owner Trustee shall be subject to, and entitled to the benefits
of, the terms and provisions of Articles VI, VII and VIII of the Trust
Agreement.
(b) In addition, (i) this Indenture is executed and delivered by
Wilmington Trust Company, not individually or personally but solely as Owner
Trustee, in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in
it, (ii) each of the representations, undertakings and agreements herein made
on the part of the Issuer or the Owner Trustee is made and intended not as
personal representations, undertakings and agreements by Wilmington Trust
Company but is made and intended for the purpose for binding only the Trust,
(iii) nothing herein contained shall be construed as creating any liability on
Wilmington Trust Company, individually or personally, to perform any covenant
either expressed or implied contained herein, all such liability, if any,
being expressly waived by the Indenture Trustee and by any Person claiming by,
through or under the Indenture Trustee, and (iv) under no circumstances shall
Wilmington Trust Company be personally liable for the payment of any
indebtedness or expenses of the Issuer or be liable for the breach or failure
of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by
the Issuer under this Indenture or the Operative Agreements.
Section 11.16. No Petition. The Indenture Trustee, by entering into this
Indenture, and each Noteholder, by accepting a Note, hereby covenant and agree
that they will not at any time institute against the Depositor or the Issuer,
or join in any institution against the Depositor or the Issuer of, any
bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, insolvency or liquidation
proceedings, or other proceedings under any United States federal or state
bankruptcy or similar law in connection with any obligations relating to the
Notes, this Indenture or any of the Operative Agreements; provided, however,
nothing contained herein shall prevent the Indenture Trustee from filing
proofs of claim.
54
Section 11.17. Inspection. The Issuer agrees that, on reasonable prior
notice, it will permit any representative of the Indenture Trustee, during the
Issuer's normal business hours, to examine all the books of account, records,
reports and other papers of the Issuer, to make copies and extracts therefrom,
to cause such books to be audited by Independent Public Accountants, and to
discuss the Issuer's affairs, finances and accounts with the Issuer's
officers, employees and Independent certified public accountants, all at such
reasonable times and as often as may be reasonably requested. The Indenture
Trustee shall, and shall cause its representatives to, hold in confidence all
such information except to the extent disclosure may be required by law (and
all reasonable applications for confidential treatment are unavailing) and
except to the extent that the Indenture Trustee may reasonably determine that
such disclosure is consistent with its obligations hereunder; provided,
further, that the Indenture Trustee may disclose on a confidential basis any
such information to its agents, attorneys and auditors in connection with the
performance of its responsibilities hereunder.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer, the Trust Administrator and the Indenture
Trustee have caused this Indenture to be duly executed by their respective
officers, thereunto duly authorized and duly attested, all as of the day and
year first above written.
AAMES MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST
2005-2, as Issuer
By: WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY,
not in its individual capacity but
solely as Owner Trustee
By: /s/ Janel R. Havrilla
-------------------------------------
Name: Janel R. Havrilla
Title: Financial Services Officer
WELLS FARGO BANK, N.A.,
as Trust Administrator
By: /s/ Sandra Whalen
-------------------------------------
Name: Sandra Whalen
Title: Vice President
DEUTSCHE BANK NATIONAL TRUST
COMPANY, not in its individual capacity
but solely as Indenture Trustee
By: /s/ Jennifer Hermansader
-------------------------------------
Name: Jennifer Hermansader
Title: Associate
By: /s/ Barbara Campbell
-------------------------------------
Name: Barbara Campbell
Title: Vice President
A-1
EXHIBIT A
FORMS OF NOTEs
[See notes delivered at closing.]
EXHIBIT B
FORM OF ERISA TRANSFER AFFIDAVIT
____________________
date
STATE OF NEW YORK )
) ss.:
COUNTY OF NEW YORK )
Re: Aames Mortgage Investment Trust 2005-2
Mortgage Backed Notes, Series 2005-2____
----------------------------------------
1. The undersigned is the ___________________ of ___________________ (the
"Investor"), a [corporation duly organized] and existing under the laws of
__________, on behalf of which he makes this affidavit.
2. Either (i) the Investor is not, and on ___________ [date of transfer]
will not be, acquiring the Notes for, or with the assets of, an employee
benefit plan or other retirement arrangement that is subject to Section 406 of
the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), or
to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or to any
substantially similar law ("Similar Law")) or any entity deemed to hold the
plan assets of the foregoing (a "Benefit Plan") or (ii) the Investor's
acquisition and holding of the Notes for, or on behalf of, a Benefit Plan will
not result in a non-exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA
or Section 4975 of the Code which is not covered under Prohibited Transaction
Class Exemption ("PTCE") 84-14, PTCE 90-1, PTCE 91-38, PTCE 95-60, PTCE 96-23
or some other applicable exemption, and will not result in a non-exempt
violation of any Similar Law.
3. The Investor hereby acknowledges that under the terms of the
Indenture among Aames Mortgage Investment Trust 2005-2, as Issuer, Wells Fargo
Bank, N.A., as Trust Administrator, and Deutsche Bank National Trust Company,
as Indenture Trustee, dated as of May 1, 2005, no transfer of any Note shall
be permitted to be made to any person unless the Trust Administrator has
received a certificate from such transferee in the form hereof.
B-1
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Investor has caused this instrument to be
executed on its behalf, pursuant to proper authority, by its duly authorized
officer, duly attested, this ____ day of _______________, 20__.
---------------------------------------
[Investor]
By:
-----------------------------------
Name:
Title:
ATTEST:
- ------------------------
STATE OF )
) ss.:
COUNTY OF )
Personally appeared before me the above-named ___________________, known
or proved to me to be the same person who executed the foregoing instrument
and to be the _________________ of the Investor, and acknowledged that he
executed the same as his free act and deed and the free act and deed of the
Investor.
Subscribed and sworn before me this _____ day of ___________ 20___.
----------------------------------
NOTARY PUBLIC
My commission expires the
__ day of _____________, 20__.
B-2