Exhibit (a)(1)(F)

                          GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION
                        OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
                             ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

GUIDELINES FOR DETERMINING THE PROPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER TO GIVE THE
PAYER--Social Security numbers have nine digits separated by two hyphens: i.e.,
000-00-0000. Employer identification numbers have nine digits separated by only
one hyphen: i.e., 00-0000000. The table below will help determine the number to
give the payer.




FOR THIS TYPE ACCOUNT:                                  GIVE THE SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER OF--
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                     
1.        An individual's account                       The individual

2.        Two or more individuals (joint account)       The actual owner of the
                                                        account or, if combined
                                                        funds, any one of the
                                                        individuals(1)

3.        Husband and wife (joint account)              The actual owner of the account or, if joint funds,
                                                        either person(1)

4.        Custodian account of a minor (Uniform Gift    The minor(2)
          to Minors Act)

5.        Adult and minor (joint account)               The adult or, if the minor is the only contributor,
                                                        the minor(1)

6.        Account in the name of guardian or committee  The ward, minor, or incompetent person(3)
          for a designated ward, minor, or incompetent
          person

7.        a.  The usual revocable savings trust         The grantor-trustee(1)
              account (grantor is also trustee)
          b.  So-called trust account that is not a     The actual owner(1)
              legal or valid trust under state law

8.        Sole proprietorship account                   The owner(4)



- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        GIVE THE EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION
          FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT:                     NUMBER OF--
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                     
9.        A valid trust, estate or pension fund         Legal entity (Do not furnish the identifying number
                                                        of the personal representative or trustee unless the
                                                        legal entity itself is not designated in the
                                                        account title)(5)

10.       Corporate account                             The corporation

11.       Religious, charitable, or educational         The organization
          organization account

12.       Partnership account held in the name of the   The partnership
          business

13.       Association, club, or other tax-exempt        The organization
          organization

14.       A broker or registered nominee                The broker or nominee

15.       Account with the Department of Agriculture    The public entity
          in the name of a public entity (such as a
          state or local government, school district,
          or prison) that receives agricultural
          program payments
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


1.        List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish.

2.        Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security
          number.

3.        Circle the ward's, minor's or incompetent person's name and furnish
          such person's social security number.

4.        Show the name of the owner.

5.        List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate or pension
          trust.

NOTE: If no name is circled when there is more than one name, the number will be
      considered to be that of the first name listed.




                          GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION
            OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

OBTAINING A NUMBER

If you don't have a taxpayer identification number ("TIN") or you don't know
your number, obtain Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Number Card or
Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, at the local office
of Social Security Administration or the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") and
apply for a number.

PAYEES EXEMPT FROM BACKUP WITHHOLDING

Payees specifically exempted from backup withholding on ALL payments include the
following:

o        A corporation.

o        A financial institution.

o        An organization exempt from tax under section 501(a) or an individual
         retirement plan.

o        The United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof.

o        A State, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States,
         or any subdivision or instrumentality thereof.

o        A foreign government, a political subdivision of a foreign government,
         or agency or instrumentality thereof.

o        An international organization or any agency or instrumentality thereof.

o        A registered dealer in securities or commodities registered in the U.S.
         or a possession of the U.S.

o        A real estate investment trust.

o        A common trust fund operated by a bank under section 584(a).

o        An exempt charitable remainder trust or a non-exempt trust described in
         section 4947(a)(1).

o        An entity registered at all times under the Investment Company Act of
         1940.

o        A foreign central bank of issue.

Exempt payees described above nevertheless should file Form W-9 to avoid
possible erroneous backup withholding.

FILE THIS FORM WITH THE PAYER, FURNISH YOUR TIN, WRITE "EXEMPT" ON THE FACE OF
THE FORM, AND RETURN IT TO THE PAYER. IF THE PAYMENTS ARE INTEREST, DIVIDENDS,
OR PATRONAGE DIVIDENDS, ALSO SIGN AND DATE THE FORM.

         Certain payments other than interest, dividends, and patronage
dividends that are not subject to information reporting are also not subject to
backup withholding. For details, see the Treasury regulations under sections
6041, 6041A(a), 6045, 6050A. (All "section" references herein are to the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986.)

PRIVACY ACT NOTICE--section 6109 requires you to furnish your correct TIN to
persons who must file information returns with the IRS to report interest,
dividends, and certain other income paid to you, mortgage interest you paid, the
acquisition or abandonment of secured property, or contributions you made to an
IRA. The IRS uses the numbers for identification purposes and to help verify the
accuracy of your tax return. Payers must generally withhold 31% of taxable
interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who does not furnish a
TIN to a payer. Certain penalties may also apply.

PENALTIES

(1) PENALTY FOR FAILURE TO FURNISH TIN--If you fail to furnish your TIN to a
payer, you are subject to a penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your
failure is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect.

(2) CIVIL PENALTY FOR FALSE INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO WITHHOLDING--If you make
a false statement with no reasonable basis which results in no imposition of
backup withholding, you are subject to a penalty of $500.

(3) CRIMINAL PENALTY FOR FALSIFYING INFORMATION--Wilfully falsifying
certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including
fines and/or imprisonment.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE IRS.