LIVINGSTON ENTERPRISES, INC.
INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
This Indemnification Agreement ("Agreement") is effective as of May 9,
1997 by and between Livingston Enterprises, Inc., a California corporation
(the "Company"), and (name) ("Indemnitee").
WHEREAS, the Company desires to attract and retain the services of highly
qualified individuals, such as Indemnitee, to serve the Company and its
related entities;
WHEREAS, in order to induce Indemnitee to continue to provide services to
the Company, the Company wishes to provide for the indemnification of, and
the advancement of expenses to, Indemnitee to the maximum extent permitted by
California law;
WHEREAS, the Company and Indemnitee recognize the continued difficulty in
obtaining liability insurance for the Company's directors, officers,
employees, agents and fiduciaries, the significant increases in the cost of
such insurance and the general reductions in the coverage of such insurance;
WHEREAS, the Company and Indemnitee further recognize the substantial
increase in corporate litigation in general, subjecting directors, officers,
employees, agents and fiduciaries to expensive litigation risks at the same
time as the availability and coverage of liability insurance has been
severely limited;
WHEREAS, the Company and Indemnitee desire to continue to have in place
the additional protection provided by an indemnification agreement and to
provide indemnification and advancement of expenses to the Indemnitee to the
maximum extent permitted by California law; and
WHEREAS, in view of the considerations set forth above, the Company
desires that Indemnitee shall be indemnified and advanced expenses by the
Company as set forth herein;
NOW, THEREFORE, the Company and Indemnitee hereby agree as set forth
below.
1. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS.
(a) "Change in Control" shall mean, and shall be deemed to have
occurred if, on or after the date of this Agreement, (i) any "person" (as
such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended), other than a trustee or other fiduciary holding
securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company acting in such
capacity or a corporation owned directly or indirectly by the stockholders of
the Company in substantially the same proportions
as their ownership of stock of the Company, becomes the "beneficial owner"
(as defined in Rule 13d-3 under said Act), directly or indirectly, of
securities of the Company representing more than 50% of the total voting
power represented by the Company's then outstanding Voting Securities, (ii)
during any period of two consecutive years, individuals who at the beginning
of such period constitute the Board of Directors of the Company and any new
director whose election by the Board of Directors or nomination for election
by the Company's stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two thirds
(2/3) of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the
beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was
previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a majority
thereof, or (iii) the stockholders of the Company approve a merger or
consolidation of the Company with any other corporation other than a merger
or consolidation which would result in the Voting Securities of the Company
outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by
remaining outstanding or by being converted into Voting Securities of the
surviving entity) at least 80% of the total voting power represented by the
Voting Securities of the Company or such surviving entity outstanding
immediately after such merger or consolidation, or the stockholders of the
Company approve a plan of complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement
for the sale or disposition by the Company of (in one transaction or a series
of related transactions) all or substantially all of the Company's assets.
(b) "Claim" shall mean with respect to a Covered Event: any
threatened, pending or completed action, suit, proceeding or alternative
dispute resolution mechanism, or any hearing, inquiry or investigation that
Indemnitee in good faith believes might lead to the institution of any such
action, suit, proceeding or alternative dispute resolution mechanism, whether
civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other.
(c) References to the "Company" shall include, in addition to
Corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a
constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger to which Corporation (or
any of its wholly owned subsidiaries) is a party which, if its separate
existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its
directors, officers, employees, agents or fiduciaries, so that if Indemnitee
is or was a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of such
constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such
constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary
of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, employee benefit plan,
trust or other enterprise, Indemnitee shall stand in the same position under
the provisions of this Agreement with respect to the resulting or surviving
corporation as Indemnitee would have with respect to such constituent
corporation if its separate existence had continued.
(d) "Covered Event" shall mean any event or occurrence related to
the fact that Indemnitee is or was a director, officer, employee, agent or
fiduciary of the Company, or any subsidiary of the Company, or is or was
serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent
or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or
other enterprise, or by reason of any action or inaction on the part of
Indemnitee while serving in such capacity.
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(e) "Expenses" shall mean any and all expenses (including
attorneys' fees and all other costs, expenses and obligations incurred in
connection with investigating, defending, being a witness in or participating
in (including on appeal), or preparing to defend, to be a witness in or to
participate in, any action, suit, proceeding, alternative dispute resolution
mechanism, hearing, inquiry or investigation), judgments, fines, penalties
and amounts paid in settlement (if such settlement is approved in advance by
the Company, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld), actually and
reasonably incurred, of any Claim and any federal, state, local or foreign
taxes imposed on the Indemnitee as a result of the actual or deemed receipt
of any payments under this Agreement.
(f) "Expense Advance" shall mean a payment to Indemnitee pursuant
to Section 3 of Expenses in advance of the settlement of or final judgement
in any action, suit, proceeding or alternative dispute resolution mechanism,
hearing, inquiry or investigation which constitutes a Claim.
(g) "Independent Legal Counsel" shall mean an attorney or firm of
attorneys, selected in accordance with the provisions of Section 2(d) hereof,
who shall not have otherwise performed services for the Company or Indemnitee
within the last three years (other than with respect to matters concerning
the rights of Indemnitee under this Agreement, or of other indemnitees under
similar indemnity agreements).
(h) References to "other enterprises" shall include employee
benefit plans; references to "fines" shall include any excise taxes assessed
on Indemnitee with respect to an employee benefit plan; and references to
"serving at the request of the Company" shall include any service as a
director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company which imposes
duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee, agent
or fiduciary with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or
its beneficiaries; and if Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner
Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and
beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan, Indemnitee shall be deemed to have
acted in a manner "not opposed to the best interests of the Company" as
referred to in this Agreement.
(i) "Reviewing Party" shall mean, subject to the provisions of
Section 2(d), any person or body appointed by the Board of Directors in
accordance with California law to review the Company's obligations hereunder
and under California law, which may include a member or members of the
Company's Board of Directors, Independent Legal Counsel or any other person
or body not a party to the particular Claim for which Indemnitee is seeking
indemnification.
(j) "Section" refers to a section of this Agreement unless
otherwise indicated.
(k) "Voting Securities" shall mean any securities of the Company
that vote generally in the election of directors.
2. INDEMNIFICATION.
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(a) INDEMNIFICATION OF EXPENSES. Subject to the provisions of
Section 2(b) below, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee for Expenses to
the fullest extent permitted by California law if Indemnitee was or is or
becomes a party to or witness or other participant in, or is threatened to be
made a party to or witness or other participant in, any Claim (whether by
reason of or arising in part out of a Covered Event), including all interest,
assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with or in
respect of such Expenses.
(b) REVIEW OF INDEMNIFICATION OBLIGATIONS. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, in the event any Reviewing Party shall have determined (in a
written opinion, in any case in which Independent Legal Counsel is the
Reviewing Party) that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified hereunder
under California law, (i) the Company shall have no further obligation under
Section 2(a) to make any payments to Indemnitee not made prior to such
determination by such Reviewing Party, and (ii) the Company shall be entitled
to be reimbursed by Indemnitee (who hereby agrees to reimburse the Company)
for all Expenses theretofore paid in indemnifying Indemnitee; PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, that if Indemnitee has commenced or thereafter commences legal
proceedings in a court of competent jurisdiction to secure a determination
that Indemnitee is entitled to be indemnified hereunder under California law,
any determination made by any Reviewing Party that Indemnitee is not entitled
to be indemnified hereunder under California law shall not be binding and
Indemnitee shall not be required to reimburse the Company for any Expenses
theretofore paid in indemnifying Indemnitee until a final judicial
determination is made with respect thereto (as to which all rights of appeal
therefrom have been exhausted or lapsed). Indemnitee's obligation to
reimburse the Company for any Expenses shall be unsecured and no interest
shall be charged thereon.
(c) INDEMNITEE RIGHTS ON UNFAVORABLE DETERMINATION; BINDING EFFECT.
If any Reviewing Party determines that Indemnitee substantively is not
entitled to be indemnified hereunder in whole or in part under California
law, Indemnitee shall have the right to commence litigation seeking an
initial determination by the court or challenging any such determination by
such Reviewing Party or any aspect thereof, including the legal or factual
bases therefor, and, subject to the provisions of Section 15, the Company
hereby consents to service of process and to appear in any such proceeding.
Absent such litigation, any determination by any Reviewing Party shall be
conclusive and binding on the Company and Indemnitee.
(d) SELECTION OF REVIEWING PARTY; CHANGE IN CONTROL. If there has
not been a Change in Control, any Reviewing Party shall be selected by the
Board of Directors, and if there has been such a Change in Control (other
than a Change in Control which has been approved by a majority of the
Company's Board of Directors who were directors immediately prior to such
Change in Control), any Reviewing Party with respect to all matters
thereafter arising concerning the rights of Indemnitee to indemnification of
Expenses under this Agreement or any other agreement or under the Company's
Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws as now or hereafter in effect, or under
any other California law, if desired by Indemnitee, shall be Independent
Legal Counsel selected by Indemnitee and approved by the Company (which
approval shall not be unreasonably withheld). Such counsel, among other
things, shall render its written opinion to the Company and Indemnitee as to
whether and to what extent Indemnitee would be entitled to be indemnified
hereunder under California law
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and the Company agrees to abide by such opinion. The Company agrees to pay
the reasonable fees of the Independent Legal Counsel referred to above and to
indemnify fully such counsel against any and all expenses (including
attorneys' fees), claims, liabilities and damages arising out of or relating
to this Agreement or its engagement pursuant hereto. Notwithstanding any
other provision of this Agreement, the Company shall not be required to pay
Expenses of more than one Independent Legal Counsel in connection with all
matters concerning a single Indemnitee, and such Independent Legal Counsel
shall be the Independent Legal Counsel for any or all other Indemnitees
unless (i) the Company otherwise determines or (ii) any Indemnitee shall
provide a written statement setting forth in detail a reasonable objection to
such Independent Legal Counsel representing other Indemnitees.
(e) MANDATORY PAYMENT OF EXPENSES. Notwithstanding any other
provision of this Agreement other than Section 10 hereof, to the extent that
Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise, including, without
limitation, the dismissal of an action without prejudice, in defense of any
Claim, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses incurred by
Indemnitee in connection therewith.
3. EXPENSE ADVANCES.
(a) OBLIGATION TO MAKE EXPENSE ADVANCES. Upon receipt of a written
undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnitee to repay such amounts if it
shall ultimately be determined that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be
indemnified therefor by the Company, the Company shall make Expense Advances
to Indemnitee.
(b) FORM OF UNDERTAKING. Any written undertaking by the Indemnitee
to repay any Expense Advances hereunder shall be unsecured and no interest
shall be charged thereon.
(c) DETERMINATION OF REASONABLE EXPENSE ADVANCES. The parties
agree that for the purposes of any Expense Advance for which Indemnitee has
made written demand to the Company in accordance with this Agreement, all
Expenses included in such Expense Advance that are certified by affidavit of
Indemnitee's counsel as being reasonable shall be presumed conclusively to be
reasonable.
4. PROCEDURES FOR INDEMNIFICATION AND EXPENSE ADVANCES.
(a) TIMING OF PAYMENTS. All payments of Expenses (including
without limitation Expense Advances) by the Company to the Indemnitee
pursuant to this Agreement shall be made to the fullest extent permitted by
California law as soon as practicable after written demand by Indemnitee
therefor is presented to the Company, but in no event later than forty-five
(45) business days after such written demand by Indemnitee is presented to
the Company, except in the case of Expense Advances, which shall be made no
later than twenty (20) business days after such written demand by Indemnitee
is presented to the Company.
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(b) NOTICE/COOPERATION BY INDEMNITEE. Indemnitee shall, as a
condition precedent to Indemnitee's right to be indemnified or Indemnitee's
right to receive Expense Advances under this Agreement, give the Company
notice in writing as soon as practicable of any Claim made against Indemnitee
for which indemnification will or could be sought under this Agreement.
Notice to the Company shall be directed to the Chief Executive Officer of the
Company at the address shown on the signature page of this Agreement (or such
other address as the Company shall designate in writing to Indemnitee). In
addition, Indemnitee shall give the Company such information and cooperation
as it may reasonably require and as shall be within Indemnitee's power.
(c) NO PRESUMPTIONS; BURDEN OF PROOF. For purposes of this
Agreement, the termination of any Claim by judgment, order, settlement
(whether with or without court approval) or conviction, or upon a plea of
NOLO CONTENDERE, or its equivalent, shall not create a presumption that
Indemnitee did not meet any particular standard of conduct or have any
particular belief or that a court has determined that indemnification is not
permitted by this Agreement or California law. In addition, neither the
failure of any Reviewing Party to have made a determination as to whether
Indemnitee has met any particular standard of conduct or had any particular
belief, nor an actual determination by any Reviewing Party that Indemnitee
has not met such standard of conduct or did not have such belief, prior to
the commencement of legal proceedings by Indemnitee to secure a judicial
determination that Indemnitee should be indemnified under this Agreement or
California law, shall be a defense to Indemnitee's claim or create a
presumption that Indemnitee has not met any particular standard of conduct or
did not have any particular belief. In connection with any determination by
any Reviewing Party or otherwise as to whether the Indemnitee is entitled to
be indemnified hereunder, the burden of proof shall be on the Company to
establish that Indemnitee is not so entitled.
(d) NOTICE TO INSURERS. If, at the time of the receipt by the
Company of a notice of a Claim pursuant to Section 4(b) hereof, the Company
has liability insurance in effect which may cover such Claim, the Company
shall give prompt notice of the commencement of such Claim to the insurers in
accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The
Company shall thereafter take all necessary or desirable action to cause such
insurers to pay, on behalf of the Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result
of such Claim in accordance with the terms of such policies.
(e) SELECTION OF COUNSEL. In the event the Company shall be
obligated hereunder to provide indemnification for or make any Expense
Advances with respect to the Expenses of any Claim, the Company, if
appropriate, shall be entitled to assume the defense of such Claim with
counsel approved by Indemnitee (which approval shall not be unreasonably
withheld) upon the delivery to Indemnitee of written notice of the Company's
election to do so. After delivery of such notice, approval of such counsel
by Indemnitee and the retention of such counsel by the Company, the Company
will not be liable to Indemnitee under this Agreement for any fees or
expenses of separate counsel subsequently employed by or on behalf of
Indemnitee with respect to the same Claim; provided that, (i) Indemnitee
shall have the right to employ Indemnitee's separate counsel in any such
Claim at Indemnitee's expense and (ii) if (A) the employment of separate
counsel by Indemnitee has
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been previously authorized by the Company, (B) Indemnitee shall have
reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest between the
Company and Indemnitee in the conduct of any such defense, or (C) the Company
shall not continue to retain such counsel to defend such Claim, then the fees
and expenses of Indemnitee's separate counsel shall be Expenses for which
Indemnitee may receive indemnification or Expense Advances hereunder.
5. ADDITIONAL INDEMNIFICATION RIGHTS; NONEXCLUSIVITY.
(a) SCOPE. The Company hereby agrees to indemnify the Indemnitee
to the fullest extent permitted by California law, notwithstanding that such
indemnification is not specifically authorized by the other provisions of
this Agreement, the Company's Articles of Incorporation, the Company's Bylaws
or by statute. In the event of any change after the date of this Agreement
in any California law, statute or rule which expands the right of a
California corporation to indemnify a member of its board of directors or an
officer, employee, agent or fiduciary, it is the intent of the parties hereto
that Indemnitee shall enjoy by this Agreement the greater benefits afforded
by such change. In the event of any change in any California law, statute or
rule which narrows the right of a California corporation to indemnify a
member of its board of directors or an officer, employee, agent or fiduciary,
such change, to the extent not otherwise required by such law, statute or
rule to be applied to this Agreement, shall have no effect on this Agreement
or the parties' rights and obligations hereunder except as set forth in
Section 10(a) hereof.
(b) NONEXCLUSIVITY. The indemnification and the payment of Expense
Advances provided by this Agreement shall be in addition to any rights to
which Indemnitee may be entitled under the Company's Articles of
Incorporation, its Bylaws, any other agreement, any vote of stockholders or
disinterested directors, the General Corporation Law of the State of
California, or otherwise. The indemnification and the payment of Expense
Advances provided under this Agreement shall continue as to Indemnitee for
any action taken or not taken while serving in an indemnified capacity even
though subsequent thereto Indemnitee may have ceased to serve in such
capacity.
6. NO DUPLICATION OF PAYMENTS. The Company shall not be liable under
this Agreement to make any payment in connection with any Claim made against
Indemnitee to the extent Indemnitee has otherwise actually received payment
(under any insurance policy, provision of the Company's Articles of
Incorporation, Bylaws or otherwise) of the amounts otherwise payable
hereunder.
7. PARTIAL INDEMNIFICATION. If Indemnitee is entitled under any
provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a
portion of Expenses incurred in connection with any Claim, but not, however,
for all of the total amount thereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify
Indemnitee for the portion of such Expenses to which Indemnitee is entitled.
8. MUTUAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. Both the Company and Indemnitee acknowledge
that in certain instances, federal law or applicable public policy may
prohibit the Company from indemnifying its directors, officers, employees,
agents or fiduciaries under this Agreement or otherwise.
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Indemnitee understands and acknowledges that the Company has undertaken or
may be required in the future to undertake with the Securities and Exchange
Commission to submit the question of indemnification to a court in certain
circumstances for a determination of the Company's right under public policy
to indemnify Indemnitee.
9. LIABILITY INSURANCE. To the extent the Company maintains liability
insurance applicable to directors, officers, employees, agents or
fiduciaries, Indemnitee shall be covered by such policies in such a manner as
to provide Indemnitee the same rights and benefits as are provided to the
most favorably insured of the Company's directors, if Indemnitee is a
director; or of the Company's officers, if Indemnitee is not a director of
the Company but is an officer; or of the Company's key employees, agents or
fiduciaries, if Indemnitee is not an officer or director but is a key
employee, agent or fiduciary.
10. EXCEPTIONS. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement,
the Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of this Agreement:
(a) EXCLUDED ACTION OR OMISSIONS. To indemnify Indemnitee for
Expenses resulting from acts, omissions or transactions for which Indemnitee
is prohibited from receiving indemnification under this Agreement or
California law; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that notwithstanding any limitation set
forth in this Section 10(a) regarding the Company's obligation to provide
indemnification, Indemnitee shall be entitled under Section 3 to receive
Expense Advances hereunder with respect to any such Claim unless and until a
court having jurisdiction over the Claim shall have made a final judicial
determination (as to which all rights of appeal therefrom have been exhausted
or lapsed) that Indemnitee has engaged in acts, omissions or transactions for
which Indemnitee is prohibited from receiving indemnification under this
Agreement or California law.
(b) CLAIMS INITIATED BY INDEMNITEE. To indemnify or make Expense
Advances to Indemnitee with respect to Claims initiated or brought
voluntarily by Indemnitee and not by way of defense, counterclaim or
crossclaim, except (i) with respect to actions or proceedings brought to
establish or enforce a right to indemnification under this Agreement or any
other agreement or insurance policy or under the Company's Articles of
Incorporation or Bylaws now or hereafter in effect relating to Claims for
Covered Events, (ii) in specific cases if the Board of Directors has approved
the initiation or bringing of such Claim, or (iii) as otherwise required
under Section 317 of the California General Corporation Law, regardless of
whether Indemnitee ultimately is determined to be entitled to such
indemnification or insurance recovery, as the case may be.
(c) LACK OF GOOD FAITH. To indemnify Indemnitee for any Expenses
incurred by the Indemnitee with respect to any action instituted (i) by
Indemnitee to enforce or interpret this Agreement, if a court having
jurisdiction over such action determines as provided in Section 13 that each
of the material assertions made by the Indemnitee as a basis for such action
was not made in good faith or was frivolous, or (ii) by or in the name of the
Company to enforce or interpret this Agreement, if a court having
jurisdiction over such action determines as provided in Section 13 that
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each of the material defenses asserted by Indemnitee in such action was made
in bad faith or was frivolous.
(d) CLAIMS UNDER SECTION 16(B). To indemnify Indemnitee for
expenses and the payment of profits arising from the purchase and sale by
Indemnitee of securities in violation of Section 16(b) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any similar successor statute; PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, that notwithstanding any limitation set forth in this Section 10(d)
regarding the Company's obligation to provide indemnification, Indemnitee
shall be entitled under Section 3 to receive Expense Advances hereunder with
respect to any such Claim unless and until a court having jurisdiction over
the Claim shall have made a final judicial determination (as to which all
rights of appeal therefrom have been exhausted or lapsed) that Indemnitee has
violated said statute.
11. COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in one or more
counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original.
12. BINDING EFFECT; SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. This Agreement shall be
binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties
hereto and their respective successors, assigns (including any direct or
indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or
substantially all of the business or assets of the Company), spouses, heirs
and personal and legal representatives. The Company shall require and cause
any successor (whether direct or indirect, and whether by purchase, merger,
consolidation or otherwise) to all, substantially all, or a substantial part,
of the business or assets of the Company, by written agreement in form and
substance satisfactory to Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to
perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the
Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.
This Agreement shall continue in effect regardless of whether Indemnitee
continues to serve as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary (as
applicable) of the Company or of any other enterprise at the Company's
request.
13. EXPENSES INCURRED IN ACTION RELATING TO ENFORCEMENT OR
INTERPRETATION. In the event that any action is instituted by Indemnitee
under this Agreement or under any liability insurance policies maintained by
the Company to enforce or interpret any of the terms hereof or thereof,
Indemnitee shall be entitled to be indemnified for all Expenses incurred by
Indemnitee with respect to such action (including without limitation
attorneys' fees), regardless of whether Indemnitee is ultimately successful
in such action, unless as a part of such action a court having jurisdiction
over such action makes a final judicial determination (as to which all rights
of appeal therefrom have been exhausted or lapsed) that each of the material
assertions made by Indemnitee as a basis for such action was not made in good
faith or was frivolous; provided, however, that until such final judicial
determination is made, Indemnitee shall be entitled under Section 3 to
receive payment of Expense Advances hereunder with respect to such action.
In the event of an action instituted by or in the name of the Company under
this Agreement to enforce or interpret any of the terms of this Agreement,
Indemnitee shall be entitled to be indemnified for all Expenses incurred by
Indemnitee in defense of such action (including without limitation costs and
expenses incurred with respect to Indemnitee's counterclaims and cross-claims
made in such action), unless as a part of such action a court having
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jurisdiction over such action makes a final judicial determination (as to
which all rights of appeal therefrom have been exhausted or lapsed) that each
of the material defenses asserted by Indemnitee in such action was made in
bad faith or was frivolous; provided, however, that until such final judicial
determination is made, Indemnitee shall be entitled under Section 3 to
receive payment of Expense Advances hereunder with respect to such action.
14. NOTICE. All notices, requests, demands and other communications
under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given (i)
if delivered by hand and signed for by the party addressed, on the date of
such delivery, or (ii) if mailed by domestic certified or registered mail
with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date postmarked.
Addresses for notice to either party are as shown on the signature page of
this Agreement, or as subsequently modified by written notice.
15. CONSENT TO JURISDICTION. The Company and Indemnitee each hereby
irrevocably consent to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of
California for all purposes in connection with any action or proceeding which
arises out of or relates to this Agreement and agree that any action
instituted under this Agreement shall be commenced, prosecuted and continued
only in the State of California in and for Santa Clara County, which shall be
the exclusive and only proper forum for adjudicating such a claim.
16. SEVERABILITY. The provisions of this Agreement shall be severable
in the event that any of the provisions hereof (including any provision
within a single section, paragraph or sentence) are held by a court of
competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void or otherwise unenforceable, and
the remaining provisions shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent
permitted by California law. Furthermore, to the fullest extent possible,
the provisions of this Agreement (including without limitation each portion
of this Agreement containing any provision held to be invalid, void or
otherwise unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, void or unenforceable)
shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the
provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.
17. CHOICE OF LAW. This Agreement, and all rights, remedies,
liabilities, powers and duties of the parties to this Agreement, shall be
governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of
California without regard to principles of conflicts of laws.
18. SUBROGATION. In the event of payment under this Agreement, the
Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the
rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all documents required
and shall do all acts that may be necessary to secure such rights and to
enable the Company effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.
19. AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION. No amendment, modification, termination
or cancellation of this Agreement shall be effective unless it is in writing
signed by both the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of
this Agreement shall be deemed to be or shall constitute a waiver of any
other provisions hereof (whether or not similar), nor shall such waiver
constitute a continuing waiver.
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20. INTEGRATION AND ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Agreement sets forth the
entire understanding between the parties hereto and supersedes and merges all
previous written and oral negotiations, commitments, understandings and
agreements relating to the subject matter hereof between the parties hereto.
21. NO CONSTRUCTION AS EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT. Nothing contained in this
Agreement shall be construed as giving Indemnitee any right to be retained in
the employ of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or affiliated entities.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Indemnification
Agreement as of the date first above written.
LIVINGSTON ENTERPRISES, INC.
By: _____________________________
Name: Steven M. Willens
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer
Address: 4464 Willow Road
Pleasanton, CA 94588
AGREED TO AND ACCEPTED
By: _____________________________
Name:
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