Exhibit 21.1 State of Name of Subsidiary Incorporation Doing Business As (Name) _______________________________________________________________________________ PHC, Inc. Massachusetts Pioneer Behavioral Health PDSS Pioneer Recovery Systems PHC of Utah, Inc. Massachusetts Highland Ridge Hospital Wellplace PHC of Virginia, Inc. Massachusetts Mount Regis Center Changes PHC of Michigan, Inc. Massachusetts Harbor Oaks Hospital Pioneer Healthcare of Michigan Wellplace Call Center Detroit Behavioral Institute Harbor Oaks Hospital Outpatient Services Pioneer Behavioral Health PHC of Nevada, Inc. Massachusetts Harmony Healthcare North Point-Pioneer, Inc. Massachusetts Pioneer Counseling Center Pioneer Healthcare of Michigan Pioneer Pharmaceutical Research Pioneer Health Centers BSC-NY, Inc. New York Behavioral Stress Center Professional Health Associates, Inc. New York N/A Behavioral Health Online Massachusetts BehavioralHealthOnLine.com Wellplace Detroit Behavioral Institute, Inc. Massachusetts N/A Wellplace, Inc. Massachusetts N/A Pivotal Research Centers, Inc. Delaware Pivotal Research Centers Pivotal Research Centers, LLC Seven Hills Hospital, Inc. Delaware N/A -- 81 --