MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Overview Net Income. Net income for the year ended December 31, 1999, was $961,000 ($0.35 diluted earnings per share), a decrease of 71.3% from earnings of $3.4 million ($1.22 diluted earnings per share) for the year ended December 31, 1998. Excluding non-recurring special charges and expenses related to the merger on October 1, 1999 with The Horizon Bank of Virginia, net income totaled $3.8 million ($1.41 diluted earnings per share) for the year ended December 31, 1999, an increase of 14.3% over the $3.4 million income ($1.22 diluted earnings per share) in 1998. Balance Sheet. Total assets were $406.2 million at December 31, 1999, a small increase of $1.9 million from $404.3 million at December 31, 1998. While the increase in total assets was small, there were significant changes in the composition of the assets. Cash and overnight deposits declined 59.8% from $42.6 million to $17.1 million as we reinvested Horizon Bank's low yielding overnight deposits into higher yielding loans. As noted below, loans receivable increased 13.4% to $234.1 million. Investment securities declined from $141.8 million at December 31, 1998, to $134.8 million at December 31, 1999, a decrease of 4.9%. Deposits increased to $367.2 million at December 31, 1999, from $366.9 million at December 31, 1998. At December 31, 1999, Southern Financial had 29,021 deposit accounts. Loans. Loans receivable, net of deferred fees and allowance for losses, were $234.1 million at December 31, 1999, an increase of $27.7 million, or 13.4%, from $206.4 million at December 31, 1998. During the year ended December 31, 1999, we continued to emphasize loan originations connected with various lending programs of the U.S. Small Business Administration. In addition, we continued to sell the guaranteed portion of some of our Small Business Administration loans. These sales totaled $9.1 million. In 1999, we continued to de-emphasize our residential mortgage lending. During 1999, new residential mortgage loan originations did not fully offset sales and prepayments of residential mortgage loans, continuing a pattern in effect for several years. As a consequence, residential mortgage loans outstanding declined 11.3% to $48.6 million at December 31, 1999 from $54.8 million a year earlier. The growth in the loan portfolio occurred in non-mortgage business loans, which increased by $13.4 million or 32.7% to $54.2 million, and in loans secured by nonresidential property, which increased by $24.7 million, or 29.1% over 1998. Investment Securities. After the consummation of the merger with The Horizon Bank on October 1, 1999, we sold Horizon's entire investment securities portfolio and incurred a portfolio restructuring loss of $781,000. Following the sale, we purchased other investment securities with the proceeds that had a higher yield and were in accordance with our investment policy. The portfolio of investment securities at December 31, 1999 consisted of $37.1 million in securities classified as held-to-maturity and $97.7 million classified as available-for-sale. The portfolio of securities held-to-maturity consisted of Federal National Mortgage Association, Government National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Association mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, and obligations of counties and municipalities. The investment securities classified as available-for-sale consisted of the same types of mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, commercial mortgage-backed securities, obligations of counties and municipalities, corporate debt securities, and obligations of government-sponsored agencies. Liabilities. Deposits at December 31, 1999 were $367.2 million, an increase of $282 thousand over deposits of $366.9 million at December 31, 1998. The weighted average interest rate for all accounts increased to 3.99% at December 31, 1999 from 3.93% at December 31, 1998. Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta totaled $5.0 million at December 31, 1999, an increase of $1.5 million from $3.5 million at December 31, 1998. Results of Operations Our operating results depend primarily on net interest income, which is the difference between interest and dividend income on interest-earning assets, such as loans and investments, and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities such as deposits and borrowings. Operating results are also affected by the level of its noninterest income, including income or loss from the sale of loans and fees and service charges on deposit accounts, and by the level of operating expenses, including compensation, premises and equipment, deposit insurance assessments and income taxes. The following tables provide information regarding changes in interest income and interest expense, as well as the underlying components of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The following table presents, for the periods indicated, average monthly balances of and weighted average yields on interest-earning assets and average balances and weighted average effective interest paid on interest bearing liabilities. Average Balances, Yields and Rates (in thousands) Year ended December 31, 1999 1998 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Average Average Average Average Average Average balance yield/rate balance yield/rate balance yield/rate - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interest-earning assets Loans receivable $219,286 9.11% $205,208 9.53% $193,094 9.63% Investments 161,517 6.05 137,746 6.03 109,398 6.35 -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- Total interest-earning assets 380,803 7.82 342,954 8.12 302,492 8.44 -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- Interest-bearing liabilities Deposits 354,230 3.83 322,119 4.33 282,070 4.36 Borrowings 13,159 5.56 4,907 5.50 5,979 5.59 -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- Total interest-bearing liabilities 367,389 3.89 327,026 4.35 288,049 4.39 -------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ---- Average dollar difference between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities 13,414 15,928 14,443 ======== ======== ======== Interest rate spread 3.94 3.77 4.05 Interest margin 4.07 3.97 4.26 The following table presents information regarding changes in interest income and interest expense for the periods indicated. For each category of interest-earning asset and interest-bearing liability, information is provided on changes attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by old rate) and changes in rates (changes in rates multiplied by old volume). The dollar amount changes in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in rate/volume (change in rate multiplied by change in volume) have been allocated between rate and volume variances based on the percentage relationship of such variances to each other. Rate/Volume Analysis (in thousands) Year ended December 31, 1999 Year ended December 31, 1998 compared to compared to year ended December, 1998 year ended December 31, 1997 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Volume Rate Total Volume Rate Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interest income Loans Receivable $ 1,309 $ (882) $ 427 $ 1,160 $ (195) $ 965 Investments 1,443 28 1,471 1,722 (365) 1,357 --------- -------- ------- -------- ------- ------- Total interest income 2,752 (854) 1,898 2,882 (560) 2,322 --------- -------- ------- -------- ------- ------- Interest expense Deposits 1,359 (1,733) (374) 1,743 (85) 1,658 Borrowings 459 3 462 (59) (5) (64) --------- -------- ------- -------- ------- ------- Total interest expense 1,818 (1,730) 88 1,684 (90) 1,594 --------- -------- ------- -------- ------- ------- Net interest income 934 876 1,810 1,198 (470) 728 ========= ======== ======= ======== ======= ======= Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 1999 with the Year Ended December 31, 1998 Southern Financial's net income for the year ended December 31, 1999 was $961,000, a decrease of 71.3% over net income of $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1998. The decrease in net income was attributable to non-recurring special charges and expenses related to Southern Financial's merger with The Horizon Bank of Virginia on October 1, 1999. Excluding non-recurring special charges and expenses related to the merger, net income totaled $3.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1999, an increase of 14.3% over net income during the year ended December 31, 1998. Diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 1999 were $0.35 (or $1.41 excluding non-recurring special charges and expenses relating to the merger) as compared to $1.22 for the year ended December 31, 1998. The weighted average number of diluted shares of common stock outstanding were 2,722,251 for the year ended December 31, 1999 and 2,747,726 for the year ended December 31, 1998. Net Interest Income. Net interest income before provision for loan losses was $15.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1999, an increase of 13.3% over $13.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1998. This increase was due to the growth in the average level of earning assets from $343.0 million to $380.8 million and an improvement in the interest rate spread to 3.94% in 1999 from 3.77% during the year ended December 31, 1998. In addition, the interest margin grew from 3.97% in 1998 to 4.07% during 1999. Total Interest Income. Total interest income was $29.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1999, an increase of 6.8% over $27.9 million for the year ended December 31, 1998. This increase resulted from growth in interest-earning assets. Average loans receivable increased by $14.1 million and average investment securities increased by $23.8 mil lion over 1998. The yield on total interest-earning assets was 7.82% for the year ended December 31, 1999, which decreased from 8.12% for 1998. For the year ended December 31, 1999, the yield on average loans receivable was 9.11%, down from 9.53% for the year ended December 31, 1998, while the yield on average investment securities increased from 6.03% during 1998 to 6.05% for the year ended December 31, 1999. Total Interest Expense. Total interest expense for the year ended December 31, 1999 was $14.3 million, an increase of 0.6% over $14.2 million for the year ended December 31, 1998. This increase was due primarily to growth in the average balance of deposits, which were $354.2 million for the year ended December 31, 1999 compared to $322.1 million for the prior year. The average effective rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities was 3.89% for the year ended December 31, 1999, a decrease of 46 basis points from 4.35% for the year ended December 31, 1998. Provision for Loan Losses. The provision for loan losses amounted to $2.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1999, an increase over the provision of $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 1998. The provision for 1999 included a special provision of $756,000 taken by the Horizon Bank of Virginia as a result of an examination earlier in 1999, and an enhanced approach to setting their reserves. The provision for loan losses is a current charge to earnings to increase the allowance for loan losses. We have established the allowance for loan losses to absorb the inherent risk in lending after considering an evaluation of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions, changes in the nature and volume of lending and past loan experience. Our opinion is that the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 1999 remains adequate. Although we believe that the allowance is adequate, there can be no assurances that additions to the allowance will not be necessary in future periods, which would adversely affect our results of operations. The allowance for loan losses at December 31, 1999 was $3.5 million, or 1.45% of total loans receivable compared to $3.1 million, or 1.45% at December 31, 1998. Other Income. Other income totaled $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1999, a decrease of 9.9%, from $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1998. The decline was attributable to the sale of the investments formerly held by The Horizon Bank of Virginia which resulted in a loss of $781,000. Other Expenses. Other expenses for the year ended December 31, 1999 were $14.6 million, an increase of 36.5% from $10.7 million for the year ended December 31, 1998. Other expenses in the year ended December 31, 1999 included non-recurring restructuring charges and merger expenses of $685,000 and $1.8 million respectively. Employee compensation and benefits increased 19.9% to $6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1999 from $5.4 million for the prior year. The increase reflects the cost of staffing the two new branches opened in early 1999, normal wage increases for existing personnel and the costs of the human infrastructure necessary to operate a larger and more complex institution. Expenses for premises and equipment increased $641 thousand to $3.4 million during the year ended December 31, 1999 compared to the prior year. This increase in expenses is primarily attributable to opening branches in Fredericksburg and Manassas during the first quarter of 1999. Other expenses decreased to $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 1999 from $2.6 million for the prior year. Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 1998 with the Year Ended December 31, 1997 Southern Financial's net income for the year ended December 31, 1998 was $3.4 million, an increase of 19.4% over net income of $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1997. The increase in net income was primarily due to an increase in net interest income of 5.6% and an increase of 39.3% in other income. Diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 1998 increased 15.1% to $1.22 from $1.06 for the year ended December 31, 1997. The weighted average number of diluted shares of common stock outstanding were 2,747,726 for the year ended December 31, 1998 and 2,647,717 for the year ended December 31, 1997 Net Interest Income. Net interest income before provision for loan losses was $13.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1998, an increase of 5.6% over $12.9 million for the year ended December 31, 1997. This increase was due to the growth in the average level of earning assets from $302.5 million to $343.0 million, offset partly by declines in the interest rate spread from 4.05% to 3.77%, and the interest margin from 4.26% to 3.97% when comparing the year ended December 31, 1997 to the year ended December 31, 1998. Total Interest Income. Total interest income was $27.9 million for the year ended December 31, 1998, an increase of 9.1% over $25.5 million for the year ended December 31, 1997. This increase resulted primarily from growth in interest-earning assets. Average loans receivable increased by $12.1 million, and average investment securities increased by $28.3 million over 1997. The yield on total interest-earning assets was 8.12% for the year ended December 31, 1998, down from 8.44% in 1997. For the year ended December 31, 1998, the yield on average loans receivable was 9.53%, down from 9.63% for the year ended December 31, 1997, while the yield on average investment securities decreased from 6.35% during 1997 to 6.03% for the year ended December 31, 1998. Total Interest Expense. Total interest expense for the year ended December 31, 1998 was $14.2 million, an increase of 12.6% over $12.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1997. This increase was due primarily to growth in the average balance of deposits, which were $322.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $282.1 million for the prior year. The average effective rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities was 4.35% for the year ended December 31, 1998, a decrease of 4 basis points from 4.39% for the year ended December 31, 1997. Provision for Loan Losses. The provision for loan losses amounted to $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 1998, approximately the same as the provision for the year ended December 31, 1997. Other Income. Other income totaled $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1998, an increase of 39.3%, from $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 1997. The increase was attributable primarily to an increased gain on sale of loans which increased 278.3% to $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 from $268 thousand for the year ended December 31, 1997, reflecting the decision to sell the guaranteed portion of Small Business Administration loans rather than holding them in portfolio. Other Expenses. Other expenses for the year ended December 31, 1998 were $10.7 million, an increase of 9.5% from $9.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1997, primarily reflecting an increase in employee compensation and benefits which increased 12.4% to $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 from $4.8 million for the prior year. The increase reflects the cost of staffing the new branch opened in July 1997 for a full year, as well as increased staffing levels to accommodate growth in our customer base and normal wage increases for existing personnel. Expenses for premises and equipment decreased 1.3% to $2.7 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 from $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1997. Other expenses increased 16.5% from $2.2 million in 1997 to $2.6 million in 1998, due partially to a branch operating loss, write off of repossessed assets, and other increases associated with normal growth. Asset/Liability Management Southern Financial, like most other banks, is engaged primarily in the business of investing funds obtained from deposits and borrowings into interest- bearing loans and investments. Consequently, Southern Financial's earnings depend to a significant extent on its net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income on loans and investments and the interest expense on deposits and borrowing. Southern Financial, to the extent that its interest-bearing liabilities do not reprice or mature at the same time as its interest-bearing assets, is subject to interest rate risk and corresponding fluctuations in its net interest income. Asset/liability management policies have been employed in an effort to manage Southern Financial's interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, thereby controlling the volatility of net interest income, without having to incur unacceptable levels of credit risk. With respect to the our residential mortgage loan portfolio, it is Southern Financial's policy to keep those mortgage loans which have an adjustable interest rate and to sell most fixed rate mortgage loans originated to the secondary market. In addition, our commercial loans generally have rates that are tied to the prime rate, the one-year constant maturity treasury rate, or the three-year constant maturity treasury rate. Both of these policies help control Southern Financial's exposure to rising interest rates. Our interest rate sensitivity is primarily monitored by management through the use of a model which generates estimates of the change in our market value of portfolio equity over a range of interest rate scenarios. That analysis was prepared by a third party for Southern Financial. Market value of portfolio equity is the present value of expected cash flows from assets, liabilities, and off-balance sheet contracts using standard industry assumptions about estimated loan prepayment rates, reinvestment rates, and deposit decay rates. The following table sets forth an analysis of our interest rate risk as measured by the estimated change in market value of portfolio equity resulting from instantaneous and sustained parallel shifts in the yield curve (plus or minus 300 basis points, measured in 100 basis point increments) as of December 31, 1999. Sensitivity of Market Value of Portfolio Equity (amounts in thousands) Change in Market Value of Interest Rates Market Value of Portfolio Equity Portfolio Equity as a % of In Basis Points % Change % Change Portfolio Equity (Rate Shock) Amount From Base From Base Total Assets Book Value - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Up 300 $37,391 (7,235) -16.21% 9.20% 128.60% Up 200 39,806 (4,820) -10.80% 9.80% 136.91% Up 100 42,343 (2,283) -5.12% 10.42% 145.63% Base 44,626 - 0.00% 10.99% 153.49% Down 100 46,758 1,952 4.37% 11.47% 160.20% Down 200 48,580 3,954 8.86% 11.96% 167.09% Down 300 51,150 6,524 14.62% 12.59% 175.92% Southern Financial's interest rate sensitivity is also monitored by management through the use of a model that generates estimates of the change in the adjusted net interest income over a range of interest rate scenarios. That analysis was also prepared by a third party. Net interest income represents the difference between income on interest-earning assets and expense on interest- bearing liabilities. Net interest income also depends upon the relative amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the interest rate earned or paid on them. In this regard, the model assumes that the composition of our interest sensitive assets and liabilities at the beginning of a period remains constant over the period being measured and also assumes that a particular change in interest rates is reflected uniformly across the yield curve regardless of the duration to maturity or repricing of specific assets and liabilities. 40 Sensitivity of Net Interest Income (amounts in thousands) Change in Adjusted Net Interest Rates Interest Income Net Interest Margin In Basis Points % Change % Change (Rate Shock) Amount From Base Percent From Base - -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Up 300 $14,620 -1.73% 3.60% -1.64% Up 200 14,837 -0.27% 3.65% -0.27% Up 100 14,989 0.75% 3.69% 0.82% Base 14,877 0.00% 3.66% 0.00% Down 100 14,645 -1.56% 3.61% -1.37% Down 200 14,449 -2.88% 3.56% -2.73% Down 300 14,431 -3.00% 3.55% -3.01% Certain shortcomings are inherent in the methodology used in the above interest rate risk measurements. Modeling changes in market value of portfolio equity and in sensitivity of net interest income require us to make assumptions which may or may not reflect the manner in which actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest rates. Accordingly, although the market value of portfolio equity table and sensitivity of net interest income table provide an indication of our interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, those measurements are not intended to and do not provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates on our worth and net interest income. Liquidity and Capital Resources Southern Financial's principal sources of funds are deposits, loan repayments, proceeds from the sale of securities and loans, repayments from mortgage-backed securities, Federal Home Loan Bank advances, other borrowings and retained income. At December 31, 1999, Southern Financial had $8.2 million of undisbursed loan funds and $11.9 million of approved loan commitments. The amount of certificate of deposit accounts maturing in calendar year 2000 is $183.0 million. Southern Financial anticipates that most maturing certificates of deposit will renew. Other sources of liquidity include payments on loans, securities available for sale, which totaled $97.7 million at December 31, 1999, and available lines of credit with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta, which total approximately $81 million. Southern Financial is subject to regulations of the Federal Reserve Board that impose minimum regulatory capital requirements. Under current Federal Reserve Board regulations, these requirements are (a) leverage capital of 4.0% of adjusted average total assets; (b) tier 1 capital of 4% of risk-weighted assets; (c) tier 1 and 2 capital of 8% of risk-weighted assets. At December 31, 1999, the Bank's capital ratios were 7.5% leverage capital; 10.9% tier 1 capital; and 12.2% tier 1 and 2 capital. Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices The financial statements and related notes presented herein have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. These require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars, without considering changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. Unlike many industrial companies, substantially all of the assets and virtually all of the liabilities of Southern Financial are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates changes have a more significant impact on our performance than the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest rates may not necessarily move in the same direction or in the same magnitude as the prices of goods and services. However, other expenses do reflect general levels of inflation. SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATON Certain statements under the caption "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and elsewhere in this Annual Report and the documents incorporated herein by reference constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Bancorp, or industry results, to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, the following: general economic and business conditions in the Bancorp's market area, inflation, fluctuations in interest rates, changes in government regulations and competition, which will, among other things, impact demand for loans and banking services; the ability of the Bancorp to implement its business strategy; and changes in, or the failure to comply with, government regulations. Forward-looking statements are intended to apply only at the time they are made. Moreover, whether or not stated in connection with a forward-looking statement, the Bancorp undertakes no obligation to correct or update a forward-looking statement should the Bancorp later become aware that it is not likely to be achieved. If the Bancorp were to update or correct a forward-looking statement, investors and others should not conclude that the Bancorp will make additional updates or corrections thereafter. Independent Auditors' Report To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Southern Financial Bancorp, Inc.: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Southern Financial Bancorp, Inc. and subsidiaries (Bancorp) as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1999. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of Bancorp's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We did not audit the consolidated financial statements of The Horizon Bank of Virginia (Horizon) which was acquired during 1999 in a transaction accounted for as a pooling of interests, as discussed in note 1. Such statements are included in the consolidated financial statements of the Bancorp and reflect total assets constituting 36% at December 31, 1998, and total interest income constituting 33% in both 1998 and 1997 of the related consolidated totals. Those statements were audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for Horizon, is based solely on the report of the other auditors. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform an audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of the other auditors, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Southern Financial Bancorp, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1999, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Richmond, Virginia February 10, 2000 F-2 Consolidated Balance Sheets Assets December 31, 1999 December 31, 1998 ----------------- ----------------- Cash and due from banks $ 12,667,620 $ 10,820,765 Overnight earning deposits 4,464,338 31,774,435 Investment securities, available-for-sale 97,721,012 84,075,537 Investment securities, held-to-maturity (estimated market value of $36,445,749 and $57,347,692, respectively) 37,110,889 57,682,992 Loans held for sale 442,000 602,500 Loans receivable, net 234,086,432 206,355,076 Premises and equipment, net 6,445,589 5,523,304 Other assets 13,283,684 7,419,507 ------------ ------------ Total assets $406,221,564 $404,254,116 ------------ ------------ Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Liabilities: Deposits $367,187,558 $366,905,334 Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank 5,000,000 3,500,000 Other liabilities 5,169,909 3,222,915 ------------ ------------ Total liabilities 377,357,467 373,628,249 ------------ ------------ Commitments Stockholders' equity: 6% cumulative convertible preferred stock, $.01 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, 13,621 shares issued and outstanding, respectively 136 136 Common stock, $.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, 2,656,196 and 2,636,249 shares issued and outstanding, respectively 26,562 26,363 Capital in excess of par value 23,662,935 23,490,506 Retained earnings 6,898,249 6,822,119 Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (1,723,785) 286,743 ------------ ------------ Total stockholders' equity 28,864,097 30,625,867 ------------ ------------ Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $406,221,564 $404,254,116 ============ ============ The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F-3 Consolidated Statements of Income Year Ended December 31, 1999 1998 1997 ----------- ----------- ----------- INTEREST INCOME: Loans $ 19,982,224 $19,554,490 $18,589,810 Investment securities 9,773,796 8,303,057 6,946,388 ------------ ----------- ----------- TOTAL INTEREST INCOME 29,756,020 27,857,547 25,536,198 ----------- ----------- ----------- INTEREST EXPENSE: Deposits 13,576,177 13,950,093 12,292,289 Borrowings 731,801 270,099 334,346 ----------- ----------- ----------- TOTAL INTEREST EXPENSE 14,307,978 14,220,192 12,626,635 ----------- ----------- ----------- NET INTEREST INCOME 15,448,042 13,637,355 12,909,563 Provision for loan losses 2,129,660 1,300,801 1,265,314 ----------- ----------- ----------- NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES 13,318,382 12,336,554 11,644,249 OTHER INCOME: Fee income 2,154,923 1,898,188 1,889,040 Gain on sale of loans 1,115,351 1,116,650 268,445 Gain (loss) on investment securities, net (692,419) (67,817) - Other 256,162 198,006 100,453 ----------- ----------- ----------- TOTAL OTHER INCOME 2,834,017 3,145,027 2,257,938 ----------- ----------- ----------- OTHER EXPENSE: Employee compensation and benefits 6,448,960 5,379,683 4,785,083 Premises and equipment 3,362,410 2,721,603 2,757,955 Restructuring charges 685,336 - - Merger expenses 1,751,657 - - Other 2,340,607 2,585,817 2,219,285 ----------- ----------- ----------- TOTAL OTHER EXPENSE 14,588,970 10,687,103 9,762,323 ----------- ----------- ----------- INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES 1,563,429 4,794,478 4,139,864 Provision for income taxes 602,700 1,442,075 1,331,800 ----------- ----------- ----------- NET INCOME $ 960,729 $ 3,352,403 $ 2,808,064 =========== =========== =========== Earnings Per Common Share: Basic $ 0.36 $ 1.28 $ 1.10 Diluted $ 0.35 $ 1.22 $ 1.06 Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic 2,648,643 2,618,930 2,558,622 Diluted 2,722,251 2,747,726 2,647,717 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F-4 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income Year Ended December 31, 1999 1998 1997 ----------- ---------- ---------- Net income $ 960,729 $3,352,403 $2,808,064 Other comprehensive income: Cash flow hedge: Unrealized holding gain 1,260,465 0 0 Reclassification adjustment for net interest income included in net income (4,165) 0 0 Available-for-sale securities: Unrealized holding gain/(loss) (4,303,729) 215,803 188,091 Unrealized gain on transfer of held-to- maturity securities 0 229,612 0 Reclassification adjustment for net (gains)/losses included in net income 1,175 (67,817) 0 ----------- ---------- ---------- Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax (3,046,254) 377,598 188,091 Income tax expense (benefit) related to items of other comprehensive income (1,035,726) 128,383 63,951 ----------- ---------- ---------- Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (2,010,528) 249,215 124,140 Comprehensive income (loss) $(1,049,799) $3,601,618 $2,932,204 =========== ========== ========== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F-5 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity For the Years Ended December 31, 1999, 1998, 1997 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Convertible Capital in Other Total Preferred Common Excess of Retained Comprehensive Stockholders Stock Stock Par Value Earnings Income Equity --------- ----------- ------------ ------------- ------------- ----------- Balance, December 31, 1996 $ 156 $ 25,455 $22,253,736 $2,556,886 $ (86,612) $24,749,621 Dividends on preferred and ($0.2175 per common stock preferred share) (455,344) (455,344) ($0.17 per common share) Options exercised 276 281,308 281,584 Change in other comprehensive income 124,140 124,140 Net income 2,808,064 2,808,064 --------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ----------- Balance, December 31, 1997 156 25,731 22,535,044 4,909,606 37,528 27,508,065 Dividends on preferred and ($0.2175 per common stock preferred (596,127) (596,127) share) ($0.22 per common share) Conversion of preferred stock to common stock (20) 32 (12) Options exercises 109 112,202 112,311 Stock dividend of 5% 491 843,272 (843,763) Change in other comprehensive income 249,215 249,215 Net income 3,352,403 3,352,403 --------- ----------- ------------ ------------- ----------- ----------- Balance, December 31, 1998 136 26,363 23,490,506 6,822,119 286,743 30,625,867 Dividends on preferred and ($0.2175 per common stock preferred share) (884,599) (884,599) ($0.33 per common share) Options exercised - 199 172,429 - - 172,628 Change in other comprehensive income - - - - (2,010,528) (2,010,528) Net income - - - 960,729 - 960,729 Balance December 31, 1999 $ 136 $ 26,562 $23,662,935 $6,898,249 $(1,723,785) $28,864,097 ======== =========== =========== ========== =========== =========== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F-6 Consolidate Statements of Cash Flows Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended For the Years Ended December 31, 1999, 1998, 1997 December 31, December 31, December 31, - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1999 1998 1997 ------------ ------------ ------------ Cash flows from operating activities: Net Income $ 960,729 $ 3,352,403 $ 2,808,064 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 919,377 1,210,678 830,861 Provision for loan losses 2,129,660 1,300,801 1,265,314 Gain on sale of loans (1,115,351) (1,116,650) (268,445) (Gain) loss on sale of securities 692,419 (67,817) - Amortization of deferred loan fees (787,294) (623,098) (607,286) Net funding of loans held for sale 583,820 1,928,595 (701,500) (Increase) decrease in other assets (2,378,692) (1,984,651) 1,289,823 Increase in other liabilities 1,960,441 1,125,299 195,554 ------------ ------------ ------------ Net cash provided by operating activities 2,965,109 5,125,560 4,812,385 ------------ ------------ ------------ Cash flows from investing activities: Increase in loans receivable (28,513,323) (2,483,168) (27,448,177) Purchase of investment securities, held-to-maturity (11,462,105) (19,077,011) (36,829,014) Purchase of investment securities, available-for-sale (61,056,211) (83,887,904) (8,563,636) Sale of investment securities available-for-sale 37,455,059 16,965,806 - Paydowns of investment securities 35,966,620 49,200,004 29,758,676 (Increase) decrease in overnight earning deposits 27,310,097 (10,920,965) (3,572,896) Increase in premises and equipment, net (1,628,444) (533,278) (1,271,779) Increase in Federal Home Loan Bank stock (260,200) (152,000) (62,900) ------------ ------------ ------------ Net cash used in investing activities (2,188,507) (50,888,516) (47,989,726) ------------ ------------ ------------ Cash flows from financing activities: Net increase in deposits 282,224 46,540,850 45,392,986 Increase (decrease) in advances from FHLB 1,500,000 (500,000) (4,500,000) Proceeds from stock options exercised 172,628 112,311 281,584 Dividends on preferred and common stock (884,599) (596,127) (455,344) ------------ ------------ ------------ Net cash provided by financing activities 1,070,253 45,557,034 40,719,226 ------------ ------------ ------------ Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks 1,846,855 (205,922) (2,458,115) Cash and due from banks, beginning of period 10,820,765 11,026,687 13,484,802 ------------ ------------ ------------ Cash and due from banks, end of period $ 12,667,620 $ 10,820,765 $ 11,026,687 ============ ============ ============ The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F-7 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 1999, 1998, and 1997 1. Organization and Significant Accounting Policies: Southern Financial Bancorp, Inc. (the "Bancorp" or "Southern Financial") was incorporated in the Commonwealth of Virginia on December 1, 1995. On December 1, 1995, Bancorp acquired all of the outstanding shares of Southern Financial Bank (the "Bank"). The Bank, formerly Southern Financial Federal Savings Bank, converted from a savings bank to a state chartered commercial bank effective December 1, 1995. In October of 1999, the Bancorp incorporated Southern WebTech.com, 70% of which is owned by the Bancorp. The accounts of Southern WebTech.com are included in the Bancorp's Consolidated Financial Statements. On October 1, 1999, the Bancorp completed its merger with The Horizon Bank of Virginia ("Horizon"). The merger qualified as a tax-free exchange and was accounted for as a pooling of interests. Southern Financial issued 0.63 shares of its common stock for each share of Horizon stock outstanding. A total of 1,045,523 shares (after adjustments for fractional shares) of Southern Financial's common stock was issued as a result of the merger. Horizon had no stock options outstanding prior to the merger. Southern Financial and Horizon incurred $3,973,530 of merger-related costs which were charged to operations during the year ended December 31, 1999. All financial statements and amounts included herein have been restated due to the merger. The following table presents the combined results of operations based on the audited financial statements of Southern Financial and Horizon for the two years ended December 31: (dollars in thousands, except per share data) 1998 1997 ------- ------- Net Interest Income: Southern Financial $ 8,526 $ 7,962 Horizon 5,111 4,948 ------- ------- Combined 13,637 12,910 ======= ======= Net Income: Southern Financial 2,658 2,206 Horizon 694 602 ------- ------- Combined 3,352 2,808 ======= ======= Diluted Net Income per Share: Southern Financial 1.55 1.33 Horizon 0.42 0.38 ------- ------- Combined 1.22 1.06 ======= ======= The principal activities of the Bank are to attract deposits, originate loans and conduct mortgage banking as permitted for state chartered banks by applicable regulations. The Bank conducts full-service banking operations in Fairfax, Herndon, Leesburg, Middleburg, Warrenton, Winchester, Woodbridge, Manassas, Fredericksburg, Fairfax Circle, Vienna, Annandale, and Merrifield, Virginia, which are managed as a single business segment. The accounting and reporting policies of the Bancorp are in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and conform to general practices within the banking industry. The more significant of F-8 these policies are discussed below. Certain reclassifications were made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Bancorp and the Bank as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, and for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997. Additionally, as of and for the year ended December 31, 1999, the accounts of Southern WebTech.com, Inc. have been included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Cash and Due from Banks and Overnight Earning Deposits Amounts represent actual cash balances held by or due to the Bancorp. For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Bancorp defines cash and due from banks as cash and cash equivalents. Investment Securities The Bancorp accounts for its investment securities in three categories: held-to-maturity, available-for-sale, and trading. Investments in debt securities are classified as held-to-maturity when the Bancorp has the positive intent and ability to hold those securities to maturity. Held-to-maturity securities are measured at amortized cost. The amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are computed using a method that approximates the level yield method. Investment securities classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in a separate component of other comprehensive income in stockholders' equity on an after-tax basis. Trading securities are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. The specific identification method is used to determine gains or losses on sales of investment securities. Loans Held for Sale Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or estimated market value. Loans Receivable Interest income is accrued on loans as earned on the outstanding principal balances on the level yield method. Nonrefundable loan fees and direct origination costs are deferred and recognized over the lives of the related loans as adjustments of yield. Accrual of interest is discontinued when management believes, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, that the borrower's financial condition is such that collection of interest is doubtful. Any accrued interest considered uncollectable is charged against current income. The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses, which is charged to expense. Loans are charged against the allowance for loan losses when management believes that the collectibility of the principal is unlikely. The allowance is a current estimate of the losses inherent in the F-9 present portfolio based upon management's evaluation of the loan portfolio. Estimates of losses inherent in the portfolio involve the exercise of judgment and the use of assumptions. The evaluations take into consideration such factors as changes in the nature, volume and quality of the loan portfolio, prior loss experience, level of nonperforming loans, current and anticipated general economic conditions and the value and adequacy of collateral. Changes in the estimate of future losses may occur due to changing economic conditions and the economic conditions of borrowers. A loan is considered impaired when, based on all current information and events, it is probable that the Bancorp will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the agreement, including all scheduled principal and interest payments. Such impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or, as a practical expedient, impairment may be measured based on the loan's observable market price, or if, the loan is collateral - dependent, the fair value of the collateral. When the measure of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the impairment is recorded through a valuation allowance. Loans for which foreclosure is probable continue to be accounted for as loans. Each impaired loan is evaluated individually to determine the income recognition policy. Generally, payments received are applied in accordance with the contractual terms of the note or as a reduction of principal. Premises and Equipment Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs that do not materially prolong the useful lives of the assets are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of three to ten years for furniture and equipment and 30 years for buildings. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of ten years or the lease term. Real Estate Owned Bancorp records and carries real estate acquired through foreclosure at the lower of the recorded investment in the loan or fair value less estimated selling costs. Costs relating to development and improvement of property are capitalized, provided that the resulting carrying value does not exceed fair value. Costs relating to holding the assets are expensed as incurred. Income Taxes Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes. F-10 Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income, less dividends on preferred stock, by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the periods. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during the periods. Common stock equivalents include the number of shares issuable on exercise of outstanding options less the number of shares that could have been purchased with the proceeds from the exercise of the options based on the average price of common stock during the period plus the number of shares issuable on conversion of the convertible preferred shares to common shares. Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk The Bancorp is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business primarily to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk that are not recognized in the balance sheet. Exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and letters of credit written is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Bancorp generally requires collateral to support such financial instruments in excess of the contractual amount of those instruments and essentially uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. Recent Accounting Developments Effective October 1, 1998, the Bancorp adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities ("FAS 133"). Concurrent with this adoption the Bancorp reclassified certain investments, consisting of mortgage backed securities with original maturities of 15 and 30 years, from the Held to Maturity category to the Available for Sale category. These investments had a book value as of October 1, 1998 of $18.2 million and a market value as of October 1, 1998 of $18.4 million, and the Bancorp recognized an addition to Stockholders' Equity of the difference between book value and market value amounting to $229.6 thousand. During the first quarter of 1999, the Bancorp entered into four interest rate swap agreements that are accounted for as cash flow hedges. In accordance with SFAS 133, the Bancorp records the change in fair value of the swaps in comprehensive income. To the extent that the hedge is not completely effective, the ineffective portion is charged or credited to other income or expense. The amounts recorded in comprehensive income subsequently are reclassified into interest expense as a yield adjustment in the same period in which the related interest on the certificates of deposit (CD's) affects earnings. Each of the four swap agreements has a notional amount of $5 million, and the Bancorp agreed to pay a rate fixed for the period of the swap and receive 3 month LIBOR. Three of the swaps are for a period of five years and have fixed rates ranging from 5.23% to 5.29%; the fourth swap is for a period of ten years and has a fixed rate of 5.45%. The purpose of all four of these swaps was to hedge the variability of cash flows resulting from changes in interest rates in the Bancorp's floating rate liabilities, specifically the Bancorp's CD's in amounts greater than $90,000, which have maturities of one month to six months. The Bancorp performed a regression analysis using monthly averages of both 3 month LIBOR and the Bancorp's hedged CD's and determined that there was a highly effective correlation. The Bancorp designated CD's that were outstanding on the inception dates of the swaps as being hedged by the swaps, and as the hedged CD's mature, the Bancorp has identified other individual CD's to replace them. During the year ended December 31, 1999, approximately $5,000 of gains in accumulated other comprehensive income related to the interest rate swaps were reclassified into interest expense as a yield adjustment of the hedged CD's. F-11 2. Investment Securities: The portfolio consists of the following securities: December 31, 1999 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Estimated Fair Cost Gains Losses Value ----------------- ----------------- ---------- -------------- Available-for-sale: FHLMC MBS $ 16,361,253 $ 39,461 $ 31,497 $16,369,217 GNMA MBS 2,633,942 - 44,995 2,588,947 FNMA MBS 25,509,631 255,832 87,642 25,677,821 Collateralized mortgage obligations 27,275,536 - 1,972,447 25,303,089 Commercial MBS 24,102,513 - 1,607,513 22,495,000 Obligations of counties and municipalities 3,924,186 - 352,713 3,571,473 Corporate obligations 990,745 - 45,374 945,371 U.S. Treasury securities 791,301 780 21,987 770,094 ------------ -------- ---------- ----------- $101,589,107 $296,073 $4,164,168 $97,721,012 ============ ======== ========== =========== December 31, 1998 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Estimated Fair Cost Gains Losses Value ----------------- ----------------- ---------- -------------- Available-for-sale: FHLMC preferred stock $ 3,807,585 $ 80,939 $ - $ 3,888,524 FHLMC MBS 11,996,172 46,261 36,766 12,005,667 GNMA MBS 3,825,601 - 54,153 3,771,448 FNMA MBS 29,671,448 178,016 35,814 29,813,650 Collateralized mortgage obligations 1,526,527 2,568 - 1,529,095 Commercial MBS 18,043,819 222,332 19,901 18,246,250 Obligations of counties and municipalities 3,234,489 11,602 25,593 3,220,498 Corporate obligations 989,319 2,981 - 992,300 U.S. Treasury and agency obligations 10,544,943 69,257 6,095 10,608,105 ------------ -------- ---------- ----------- $ 83,639,903 $613,956 $ 178,322 $84,075,537 ============ ======== ========== =========== F-12 December 31, 1999 --------------------------------------------------------------- Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Estimated Fair Cost Gains Losses Value ---------------- ----------------- ---------- -------------- Held-to-maturity: FHLMC MBS $ 3,837,207 $10,235 $ 41,612 $ 3,805,831 GNMA MBS 17,177,221 1,080 244,458 16,933,843 FNMA MBS 6,764,242 1,914 142,246 6,623,910 Collateralized mortgage obligations 4,073,233 - 67,718 4,005,515 Commercial MBS 2,864,392 - 67,695 2,796,697 Obligations of counties and municipalities 2,394,594 682 115,322 2,279,954 ----------- ------- -------- ----------- $37,110,889 $13,911 $679,051 $36,445,749 =========== ======= ======== =========== December 31, 1998 --------------------------------------------------------------- Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Estimated Fair Cost Gains Losses Value ---------------- ----------------- ---------- -------------- Held-to-maturity: FHLMC MBS $ 4,091,316 $ 6,484 $ 27,668 $ 4,070,132 GNMA MBS 24,305,052 1,150 301,533 24,004,669 FNMA MBS 6,779,894 5,772 53,996 6,731,670 Collateralized mortgage obligations 1,015,264 - 1,699 1,013,565 Obligations of counties and municipalities 1,959,595 17,813 3,100 1,974,308 U.S. Treasury and agency obligations 19,531,871 59,187 37,710 19,553,348 ----------- ------- -------- ----------- $57,682,992 $90,406 $425,706 $57,347,692 =========== ======= ======== =========== At December 31, 1999, held-to-maturity securities totaling $24,858,354 have adjustable rates of interest while the remaining held-to-maturity securities totaling $12,252,536 have fixed interest rates. At December 31, 1999, available-for-sale securities totaling $67,570,492 have fixed interest rates, and the remaining available-for-sale securities totaling $30,150,519 have adjustable rates of interest. Gross gains of $88,117 and gross losses of $780,536 were realized on the sale of investment securities during the year ended December 31, 1999. The losses realized during 1999 were related to the restructuring of the investment securities portfolio following the merger with The Horizon Bank. Gross gains of $80,958 and gross losses of $13,141 were realized on the sale of investment securities during the year ended December 31, 1998. There were no sales of investment securities during the year ended December 31, 1997. As of December 31, 1999 and December 31, 1998, securities having a book value of $63,951,147 and $88,024,504, respectively, were pledged as collateral for advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta ("FHLB") and as collateral for escrow deposits in accordance with Federal and state requirements. F-13 The following table sets forth information regarding maturity and average yields of the investment portfolio: December 31, 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Available-for-sale Held-to-maturity Weighted Weighted Fair Amortized Average Fair Amortized Average Value Cost Yield Value Cost Yield - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mortgage-backed securities: Maturing after 10 years $44,635,985 $ 44,504,826 6.55% $27,363,584 $27,778,670 6.11% Collateralized mortgage obligations: Maturing after 5 years through 10 years 2,015,127 2,089,491 6.65 - - - Maturing after 10 years 23,287,962 25,186,045 7.28 4,005,515 4,073,233 7.67 Commercial MBS: Maturing after 5 years through 10 years 11,325,000 12,018,195 6.95 1,987,500 2,037,909 7.41 Maturing after 10 years 11,170,000 12,084,318 6.82 809,197 826,484 8.00 Obligations of counties and municipalities: Maturing in less than 1 year 194,756 195,000 8.00 - - - Maturing after 1 year through 5 years - - - 198,821 199,827 4.60 Maturing after 5 years through 10 years - - - 328,245 346,246 4.45 Maturing after 10 years 3,376,716 3,729,186 4.91 1,752,887 1,848,520 4.73 Corporate obligations: Maturing after 5 years through 10 years 945,371 990,745 6.71 - - - U.S. Treasury obligations: Maturing in less than 1 year 300,563 299,783 6.39 - - - Maturing after 1 year through 5 years 469,532 491,518 5.21 - - - ----------- ------------ ----------- ----------- $97,721,012 $101,589,107 $36,445,749 $37,110,889 =========== ============ =========== =========== Contractual maturity of mortgage-backed securities is not a reliable indicator of their expected life because borrowers have the right to repay their obligations at any time. F-14 3. Loans Receivable: Loans receivable consist of the following: December 31, --------------------------- 1999 1998 ------------ ------------ Mortgage: Residential $ 48,604,205 $ 54,822,289 Nonresidential 109,871,210 85,124,406 Construction: Residential 7,852,907 6,948,844 Nonresidential 8,270,290 11,213,848 Non-Mortgage: Business 54,175,076 40,814,003 Consumer 9,994,326 11,559,188 ------------ ------------ Total loans receivable 238,768,014 210,482,578 Less: Deferred loan fees, net 1,229,451 1,065,871 Allowance for loan losses 3,452,131 3,061,631 ------------ ------------ Loans receivable, net $234,086,432 $206,355,076 ============ ============ The following sets forth information regarding the allowance for loan losses: December 31, --------------------------- 1999 1998 ------------ ------------ Allowance at beginning of period $ 3,061,631 $ 2,743,369 Provisions for losses charged to income 2,129,660 1,300,801 Charge-offs, net (1,739,160) (982,539) ------------ ------------ Allowance at end of period $ 3,452,131 $ 3,061,631 ============ ============ The Bancorp's loan portfolio is concentrated in the Northern Virginia area. The amount of loans being serviced for others was $17,106,340 and $13,513,792 at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. At December 31, 1999, there were 6 loans with balances totaling approximately $87,230 that had payments ninety days or more past due on which interest was still accruing. At December 31, 1998, there were 20 loans with balances totaling approximately $678,700 that had payments ninety days or more past due and on which interest was still accruing. The Bancorp had foreclosed properties on its books at December 31, 1999 and 1998 in the following amounts respectively, $2,296,269 and $498,087. The Bancorp had nonaccruing loans on its books at December 31, 1999 and 1998 in the following amounts respectively, $521,801 and $2,905,398. F-15 Impaired loans were as follows: December 31, ------------------------- 1999 1998 ----------- ----------- Carrying value $ 521,801 $ 2,905,398 Allocation of general reserve 78,648 684,148 The average carrying balances and interest income earned on impaired loans were as follows: 1999 1998 1997 ----------- ----------- ---------- Average carrying value $ 1,239,805 $ 2,500,091 $2,291,997 Income anticipated under original loan agreements 21,845 296,367 211,849 Income recorded - - 5,000 4. Premises and Equipment: Premises and equipment consists of the following: December 31, ------------------------- 1999 1998 ----------- ----------- Land $1,872,533 $ 1,872,533 Building and improvements 1,977,794 1,969,169 Furniture and equipment 4,123,461 3,772,676 Leasehold improvements 2,395,524 1,626,023 ----------- ----------- 10,369,312 9,240,401 Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (3,923,723) (3,717,097) ----------- ----------- Premises and equipment, net $ 6,445,589 $ 5,523,304 =========== =========== Depreciation and amortization expense aggregated $919,377, $1,210,678 and $830,861 for the years ended December 31, 1999 and December 31, 1998 and, respectively. F-16 5. Deposits: Deposits consist of the following: December 31, ---------------------------------------------------- 1999 1998 ---------------------------- ----------------------- Weighted Weighted Average Average Rate Amount Rate Amount ------------- ------------ -------- ------------ Demand 0.00% $ 50,325,239 0.00% $ 50,446,120 Interest checking 1.11% 25,747,713 1.12% 27,085,841 Money market and savings accounts 3.32% 75,725,516 3.19% 74,325,104 Certificates of accounts 5.51% 215,389,090 5.46% 215,048,269 ---- ------------ ---- ------------ 3.99% $367,187,558 3.93% $366,905,334 ============ ============ As of December 31, 1999, certificates of deposit mature as follows: 2000 $180,370,346 2001 17,062,049 2002 6,470,695 2003 10,307,267 2004 983,232 Therafter 195,501 ------------ $215,389,090 ============ Deposits with balances greater than $100,000 totaled approximately $131,919,748 and $99,168,283 at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively, of which $59,100,300 and $49,167,931 represented certificates of deposit at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Interest expense by deposit category follows: December 31, ------------------------------------- 1999 1998 1997 ----------- ----------- ----------- Interest checking accounts $ 324,004 $ 362,763 $ 316,751 Money market and savings accounts 1,929,025 1,929,199 1,860,190 Certificates of deposit 11,323,148 11,658,131 10,115,348 ----------- ----------- ----------- $13,576,177 $13,950,093 $12,292,289 =========== =========== =========== Total cash paid for interest aggregated approximately $3,640,548, $3,373,871, and $3,344,903 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998, and 1997, respectively. 6. Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank: The Bancorp has a credit availability agreement with FHLB totaling 20% of Southern Financial's assets. At December 31, 1999, this amount was approximately $81,000,000. The agreement does not have a maturity date and advances are made at FHLB's discretion. At December 31, 1999 and 1998, advances from FHLB totaled $5,000,000 and $3,500,000, respectively. The advance outstanding at December 31, 1999 was made at a fixed rate of 6.32%, matures September 8, 2009, and is callable September 8, 2004. The advances at December 31, 1998 were made at variable interest rates, and the weighted average interest rate was 5.15%. F-17 Investment securities totaling $64.0 million and $88.0 million were pledged to secure these advances at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. 7. Stockholders' Equity: Each share of the Bancorp's preferred stock is convertible to 1.6 shares of common stock. The preferred stock has an annual dividend rate of six percent. Dividends are payable quarterly and are cumulative. In fiscal year 1987, the Bancorp's stockholders approved an incentive stock option plan under which options to purchase up to 83,660 shares of common stock could be granted. During each of the years 1994, 1997 and 1999, this plan was amended to allow an additional 100,000 shares of common stock to be granted. In accordance with the plan agreement, the exercise price for stock options equals the stock's market price on the date of grant. The maximum term of all options granted under the plans is ten years and vesting occurs after one year. On April 9, 1991, the Horizon shareholders approved a stock option plan authorizing options for 160,000 shares, of which 154,000 shares were granted to eligible directors. In 1997 and 1996, the remaining 6,000 shares were granted to officers and employees. The purchase price of the stock is $5.00 and all options expired April 9, 1999. Compensation expense has benn recognized for options granted at less than the market price at the measurement date. The Bancorp accounts for its stock option plan under APB Opinion No. 25, under which no compensation cost has been recognized. Had compensation cost for the plan been determined consistent with SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," the Bancorp's net income and earnings per share in the Consolidated Statements of Income, would have been reduced to the following pro forma amounts: December 31, ------------------------------------ 1999 1998 1997 -------- ---------- ---------- Net income: As reported $960,729 $3,352,403 $2,808,064 Pro forma 668,412 3,072,743 2,646,481 -------- ---------- ---------- Basic earnings per share: As reported 0.36 1.28 1.10 Pro forma 0.25 1.17 1.03 Diluted earnings per share: As reported 0.35 1.22 1.06 Pro forma 0.25 1.12 1.00 -------- ---------- ---------- Weighted-average assumptions: Expected lives (years) 10 10 10 Risk-free interest rate (%) 6.48% 4.50% 5.76% Expected volatility (%) 21.43% 25.07% 23.39% Expected dividends (annual per share) 0.13% 0.13% 0.13% ======== ========== ========== The Bancorp did not record any compensation costs in 1999, 1998, or 1997 related to its stock option plan. In addition, no significant modifications to the plan were made during the periods. The fair values of the stock options outstanding used to determine the pro forma impact of the options to compensation expense, and thus, net income and earnings per share, were calculated using an acceptable option pricing model using the key assumptions detailed above. F-18 A summary of the status of the Bancorp's stock option plan as of December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively, and changes during the years shares subject to options have been adjusted to reflect stock dividends. 1999 1998 1997 --------------------- -------------------- ------------------- Weighted Weighted Weighted Average Average Average Exercise Exercise Exercise Shares Price Shares Price Shares Price ----------- -------- ------- ----------- --------- -------- Outstanding at beginning of period 235,889 $13.53 200,304 $11.07 202,127 $10.28 Granted 88,500 51,000 32,850 20.31 22.47 15.35 Exercised 27,618 12,415 27,591 6.40 9.05 10.21 Expired 7,082 7,711 17.94 3,000 19.50 11.74 ------- ------ ------- ----------- -------- Outstanding at end of period 289,060 16.16 235,889 13.53 200,304 11.07 ------- ------ ------- ----------- --------- -------- Options exercisable at end of period 200,560 186,889 168,804 ======= ======= ========= Weighted average fair value of options granted during the period $ 7.23 $10.29 $ 7.74 ====== =========== ======== The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding December 31, 1999: Remaining Contractual Exercise Options Options Life Price Outstanding Exercisable (months) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 7.490 7,260 7,260 6 $ 8.830 29,039 29,039 54 $ 9.610 16,133 16,133 40 $ 11.980 29,039 29,039 67 $ 12.730 9,902 9,902 79 $ 13.640 37,687 37,687 73 $ 13.750 3,000 3,000 85 $ 16.000 25,500 25,500 91 $ 21.250 31,000 31,000 97 $ 25.250 2,000 2,000 101 $ 26.000 10,000 10,000 101 $ 21.000 51,500 - 110 $ 20.625 12,000 - 111 $ 20.250 3,000 - 114 $ 20.000 7,000 - 116 $ 17.875 15,000 - 118 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 289,060 200,560 ============================================================================ There were 21 option holders at December 31, 1999. Options exercised during 1999 had exercise prices ranging from $9.30 to $16.00. Options exercised during 1998 had exercise prices ranging from $8.99 to $16.00. Options exercised during 1997 had exercise prices ranging from $7.49 to $13.64. The closing price of the Bancorp's stock at December 31, 1999 was $16.50 per share. F-19 8. Regulatory Matters: The Bancorp's primary supervisory agent is the Federal Reserve Bank. The Federal Reserve Bank has mandated certain minimum capital standards for the industry. In addition, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 ("FDICIA") outlines various levels of capital adequacy for the industry. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory - and possibly additional discretionary - actions by regulation that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bancorp's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bancorp must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bancorp's assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bancorp's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgements by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bancorp to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total and Tier I capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and of Tier I capital (as defined) to average assets (as defined). As of December 31, 1999, the Federal Reserve Bank categorized the Bancorp as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as adequately capitalized the Bancorp must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier I risk-based, and Tier I leverage ratios as set forth in the table. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the institution's category. The Bancorp's actual capital amounts and ratios are also presented in the tables below. (All dollar amounts are in thousands.) For To Be Well Capitalized Capital Adequacy Under Prompt Corrective Actual Purposes Action Provisions ----------------- --------------------- --------------------- Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ As of December 31, 1999 Total Capital $33,704 12.2% $22,142 8.0% $27,677 10.0% (to risk-weighted assets) Tier I Capital 30,252 10.9 11,071 4.0 16,606 6.0 (to risk-weighted assets) Tier I Capital 30,252 7.5 16,140 4.0 20,175 5.0 (to average assets) As of December 31, 1998 Total Capital 33,188 14.1 18,841 8.0 23,551 10.0 (to risk-weighted assets) Tier I Capital 30,079 12.8 9,420 4.0 14,131 6.0 (to risk-weighted assets) Tier I Capital 30,079 7.8 15,340 4.0 19,175 5.0 (to average assets) F-20 9. Parent Company Activity: The Bancorp owns all of the outstanding shares of the Bank. Summary financial statements of the Bancorp follow: BALANCE SHEETS December 31, ------------------------------------- 1999 1998 ----------- ----------- Assets: Cash $ 3,047 $ 1,843 Investment in subsidiaries 28,663,963 30,626,987 Other assets 200,050 - Total assets $28,867,060 $30,628,830 ----------- ----------- Liabilities: Other liabilities $ 2,963 $ 2,963 Total stockholders' equity 28,864,097 30,625,867 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $28,867,060 $30,628,830 =========== =========== STATEMENT OF INCOME Year Ended December 31, ------------------------------------------------ 1999 1998 1997 ----------- ----------- ----------- Equity in earnings of Southern Financial Bank $ 955,539 $ 3,352,403 $ 2,808,064 Equity in earnings of Southern Web Tech 5,190 - - $ 960,729 $ 3,352,403 $ 2,808,064 =========== =========== =========== STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS Year Ended December 31, ----------------------------------------------- 1999 1998 1997 ----------- ----------- ----------- Operating activities: Net income $ 960,729 $ 3,352,403 $ 2,808,064 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided (used) by operating activities: Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries 202,446 (2,932,412) (2,605,511) Other operating activities (200,050) - 3,385 ----------- ----------- ----------- Net cash provided by operating activities 963,125 419,991 205,938 ----------- ----------- ----------- Net cash used by investing activities: Investment in Southern WebTech and P/S Web Services (249,950) - - ----------- ----------- ----------- Financing activities: Issuance of common stock 172,628 112,311 281,584 Dividends on preferred and common stock (884,599) (596,127) (455,344) ----------- ----------- ----------- Net cash used by financing activities (711,971) (483,816) (173,760) Increase (decrease) in cash 1,204 (63,825) 32,178 Cash, beginning of year 1,843 65,668 33,490 ----------- ----------- ----------- Cash, end of year $ 3,047 $ 1,843 $ 65,668 =========== =========== =========== F-21 10. Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments: The assumptions used and the estimates disclosed below in connection with the fair value of the Bancorp's financial statements represent management's best judgment of appropriate valuation methods. These estimates are based on pertinent information available to management as of December 31, 1999. In certain cases, fair values are not subject to precise quantification or verification and may change as economic and market factors, and management's evaluation of those factors change. Although management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of these financial instruments, there are inherent limitations in any estimation technique. Therefore, these fair value estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Bancorp would realize in a market transaction. Because of the wide range of valuation techniques and the numerous estimates which must be made, it may be difficult to make reasonable comparisons of the Bancorp's fair value information to that of other financial institutions. It is important that the many uncertainties discussed above be considered when using the estimated fair value disclosures and to realize that because of these uncertainties, the aggregate fair value amount should in no way be construed as representative of the underlying value of the Bancorp. The estimated fair values of the Bancorp's financial instruments at December 31, 1999 and 1998 are as follows: December 31, ----------------------------------------------------- (dollars in thousands) 1999 1998 ----------------------- ----------------------- Carrying Carrying Amount Fair Value Amount Fair Value -------- ---------- ------ ---------- Financial assets: Cash and amounts due from banks $ 17,132 $ 17,132 $ 42,595 $ 42,595 Available-for-sale securities 97,721 97,721 84,076 84,076 Held-to-maturity securities 37,111 36,446 57,683 57,348 Loans receivable, net of allowance 234,086 231,761 206,355 208,604 Loans held for sale 442 442 603 603 Financial liabilities: Deposits Checking accounts 76,073 70,026 97,579 94,244 Money market and savings accounts 75,726 69,707 54,278 53,818 Certificates of deposit 215,389 214,577 215,048 216,038 Off balance sheet instruments Interest rate swaps 440 1,395 - - The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value amounts at December 31, 1999 and 1998: Cash and Due from Banks Carrying amount approximates fair value. Available-for-Sale Securities Fair value is based on quoted market prices. F-22 Held-to-Maturity Securities Fair value is based on quoted market prices. Loans Receivable, Net of Allowance Fair value of loans is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on contractual repayment schedules. The discount rates used in these analyses are based on either the interest rates paid on U.S. Treasury securities of comparable maturities adjusted for credit risk and non-interest operating costs or the interest rates currently offered by the Bancorp for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. Loans Held for Sale Fair value is based on selling prices arranged by arms-length contracts with third parties. Deposits Fair value of deposit liabilities payable on demand, consisting of NOW accounts, money market deposits, statement savings and other deposit accounts is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on an assumed decay of core balances over time. The indicated fair value does not consider the value of the Bancorp's estimated deposit customer relationships. Fair value of fixed-rate certificates of deposit is estimated based on discounted cash flow analyses using the remaining maturity of the underlying accounts and interest rates currently offered on certificates of deposit with similar original maturities. Off-Balance Sheet Instruments The difference between the original fees charged by the Bank for commitments to extend credit and letters of credit and the current fees charged to enter into similar agreements is immaterial. 11. Savings Plan: The Bancorp began an employee savings plan (the "Savings Plan") that qualifies as a deferred salary arrangement under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Under the Savings Plan, participating employees may defer a portion of their pretax earnings, up to the Internal Revenue Service annual contribution limit. The Bancorp matches one half of each employee's contributions on a discretionary basis based on Bancorp profit, such match not to exceed 3 percent of the employee's earnings. The Bancorp's matching contributions to the Savings Plan were $70,275, $60,213 and $40,308 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998, and 1997, respectively. 12. Provision for Income Taxes: The provision for income taxes consists of the following Year Ended December 31, ----------------------------------- 1999 1998 1997 ---------- ---------- ---------- Current benefit provision: Federal $ (463,160) $1,400,752 $1,517,683 Deferred (benefit) provision: Federal 1,065,860 41,323 (185,883) ---------- ---------- ---------- $ 602,700 $1,442,075 $1,331,800 ========== ========== ========== F-23 Deferred income taxes reflect temporary differences in the recognition of revenue and expenses for tax reporting and financial statement purposes, principally because certain items, such as the allowance for loan losses and loan fees, are recognized in different periods for financial reporting and tax return purposes. A valuation allowance has not been established for deferred tax assets. Realization of the deferred tax asset is dependent on generating sufficient taxable income. Although realization is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax asset will be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities were comprised of the following significant components as of December 31, 1999 and 1998: 1999 1998 ---------- ---------- Assets: Provision for losses on loans and real estate owned $479,423 $ 547,275 Valuation of loans and securities - 134,183 Depreciation 155,380 136,731 Nonaccrual interest 93,981 33,572 Real estate owned 77,655 - Lease 51,000 - Other 22,062 2,110 --------- ---------- Gross deferred tax assets 879,501 853,871 --------- ---------- Liabilities: FHLB dividend 15,858 35,771 Deferred loan fees 368,055 144,662 Valuation of loans and securities 888,010 - --------- ---------- Gross deferred tax liabilities 1,271,923 180,433 --------- ---------- Net deferred tax assets (liability) attributable to operations (392,422) 673,438 ========= ========== The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. statutory Federal income tax rate to pretax income as a result of the following differences: December 31, --------------------------------- 1999 1998 1997 -------- ---------- ------- Statutory Federal Income tax rate 34% 34% 34% Dividend received deduction - -2 -2 Merger expenses 12 - - Prior year adjustment -4 -2 - Other -3 - - -------- ---------- ------- Effective tax rate 39% 30% 32% -------- ---------- ------- Cash paid for income taxes was $1,218,000, $1,432,000, and $1,004,040 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998, and 1997, respectively. F-24 13. Commitments: The Bank leases its corporate headquarters and branch facilities under operating lease agreements. Most of the leases provide for the payment of property taxes and other costs by the Bank and include one or more renewal options ranging up to ten years. Annual rental commitments under all lease agreements consist of the following at December 31, 1999: Real Property Sublease Leases Income Total ----------- ---------- ---------- 2000 $ 1,130,015 $ 171,708 $ 958,307 2001 1,097,177 181,186 915,991 2002 992,139 163,806 828,333 2003 947,279 164,132 783,147 2004 716,201 83,908 632,293 2005 and Thereafter 1,802,714 - 1,802,714 ----------- ---------- ---------- $ 6,685,525 $ 764,740 $5,920,785 ----------- ---------- ---------- Rent expense aggregated $1,071,905, $905,792, and $960,204 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998, and 1997, respectively. Outstanding loan commitments amounted to $11,945,081 (of which $1,100,000 had fixed interest rates) and $11,842,340 (of which $3,887,840 had fixed interest rates) at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. The Bank had commitments from investors of $542,000 and $1,171,500 to purchase loans from the Bank at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. At December 31, 1999, the Bank had commercial letters of credit outstanding in the amount of approximately $1,930,000. At December 31, 1999, the Bank had unfunded lines of credit of $31,606,535 and undisbursed construction loan funds of $8,171,067. F-25 14. Earnings Per Share: The following table shows the weighted average number of shares used in computing earnings per share and the effect on weighted average number of shares of potential diluted common stock. Potential dilutive common stock has no effect on income available to common stockholders. Income attributable to preferred stock is immaterial. Earnings per share amounts for prior periods have been restated to give effect to the application of SFAS 128 which was adopted in 1997. 1999 1998 1997 ------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------ Per Per Per Share Share Share Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount --------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ------ Basic EPS 2,648,643 $ 0.36 2,618,930 $ 1.28 2,558,622 $1.10 ========= ========== ========= ========== ========= ===== Effect of dilution Securities: Stock Options 51,633 105,139 63,872 Convertible Preferred Stock 21,975 23,657 25,223 --------- ---------- ---------- Diluted EPS 2,722,251 $ 0.35 2,747,726 $ 1.22 2,647,717 $1.06 ========= ========== ========== ========== ========== ====== 15. Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited - in thousands, except per share data): Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Ended Ended Ended Ended Dec. 31, Sept. 30, June 30, March 31, 1999 1999 1999 1999 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Net interest income $ 4,096 $ 3,944 $ 3,876 $ 3,532 Provision for loan losses 300 1,049 440 341 Total other income (79) 918 975 1,020 Total other expense 3,749 4,870 3,040 2,930 Net income (205) (710) 989 887 Earnings per share: Basic (0.08) (0.27) 0.37 0.34 Diluted (0.08) (0.27) 0.36 0.32 Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic 2,658,587 2,652,163 2,644,415 2,636,544 Diluted 2,658,587 2,652,163 2,722,633 2,734,200 F-26 Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Ended Ended Ended Ended Dec. 31, Sept. 30, June 30, March 31, 1998 1998 1998 1998 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Net interest income $ 3,749 $ 3,386 $ 3,187 $ 3,315 Provision for loan losses 300 384 328 289 Total other income 756 883 753 753 Total other expense 2,860 2,777 2,484 2,566 Net income 917 760 857 818 Earnings per share: Basic 0.35 0.29 0.33 0.32 Diluted 0.34 0.28 0.31 0.30 Weighted average shares outstanding Basic 2,624,335 2,619,639 2,603,813 2,583,108 Diluted 2,736,928 2,743,051 2,739,487 2,715,945 F-27