UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported) March 24, 2000
MARKEL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Virginia
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
001-15811 54-1959284
(Commission (I.R.S. employer
file number) identification number)
4521 Highwoods Parkway, Glen Allen, Virginia 23060-3382
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip code)
(804) 747-0136
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Markel Holdings, Inc.
(Former name)
Item 2. Acquisition or Disposition of Assets
On March 24, 2000 Markel Corporation, formerly Markel Holdings, Inc., (the
Registrant) completed its acquisition of Terra Nova (Bermuda) Holdings Ltd.
("Terra Nova"). As a result of the transaction, Terra Nova and Markel North
America Inc., formerly Markel Corporation, became wholly owned subsidiaries of
the Registrant. The Registrant issued approximately 1.75 million common shares
and contingent value rights and paid approximately $325 million in cash to Terra
Nova shareholders in the transaction. Total consideration paid for Terra Nova
was approximately $662 million, including $12 million of direct acquisition
costs and $31.5 million of Terra Nova shares purchased by Markel in the open
market. The registrant funded the transaction with available cash of
approximately $123.5 million, issuance of the Registrant's common shares and
contingent value rights of $293.5 million and borrowings of approximately $245
million under the Registrant's $400 million credit facility. In addition, Terra
Nova's $175 million of debt will remain outstanding. Former Markel Corporation
shareholders received approximately 5.6 million of the Registrant's common
shares in the transaction.
The acquisition will be accounted for as a purchase transaction. The excess of
the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable
intangible assets acquired will be recorded as goodwill and will be amortized
using the straight-line method over 20 years.
Markel Corporation (the Company) markets and underwrites specialty insurance
products and programs to a variety of niche markets. In each of these markets,
the Company seeks to provide quality products and excellent customer service so
that it can be a market leader. The financial goals of the Company are to earn
consistent underwriting profits and superior investment returns to build
shareholder value.
Terra Nova is the holding company for five wholly owned entities; Terra Nova
Insurance Company Limited in the United Kingdom, Terra Nova (Bermuda) Insurance
Company Ltd., Compagnie de Reassurance D'Ile de France in Paris, France, and
Terra Nova Capital Limited and Octavian Syndicate Management Limited which
manages six Lloyd's syndicates in which the Company has a participation. Through
these companies, Terra Nova underwrites a diverse property, casualty, marine and
aviation insurance and reinsurance business on a worldwide basis.
Pursuant to Rule 12g-3(c) and (d) under the Exchange Act, the common shares of
the Registrant issued in the merger and scheme of arrangement contemplated by
the Agreement and Plan of Merger and Scheme of Arrangement, dated as of August
15, 1999, as amended, between Markel Corporation, a Virginia corporation (now
Markel North America, Inc.) and Terra Nova (Bermuda) Holdings Ltd., a Bermuda
corporation, are deemed registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act.
"Safe Harbor" Statement
This is a "Safe Harbor" statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform
Act of 1995. Certain statements that are contained herein are forward-looking
statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Future actual results may
materially differ from those in these statements because of many factors. The
Registrant will be increasing Terra Nova's focus on underwriting profitability.
This may lead to the repricing or discontinuance of poor performing lines of
business, reorganization of business units to achieve operating efficiencies and
a review of Terra Nova's reinsurance programs to assess their effectiveness. The
outcome of these initiatives is difficult to predict with certainty. Insurance
industry price competition has made it more difficult to attract and retain
adequately priced business. Changing legal and social trends and inherent
uncertainties in the loss estimation process can adversely impact the adequacy
of loss reserves. The Company's potential underwriting exposure to
Year 2000 claims are difficult to predict with any certainty. Regulatory actions
can impede the Company's ability to charge adequate rates and efficiently
allocate capital. The frequency and severity of natural catastrophes are highly
variable. Economic conditions and interest rate volatility can have significant
impacts on the market value of fixed maturity and equity investments.
Accordingly, the Company's premium growth, underwriting and investing results
have been and will continue to be potentially materially affected by these
factors.
Item 7. Financial Statements, Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Financial
Information and Exhibits
(a) Financial Statements of Business Acquired
The following financial statements of Markel Corporation are filed as
part of this report:
Independent Auditors' Report
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1999 and 1998
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the
Years Ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the
Years Ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following financial statements of Terra Nova. are filed as part of
this report:
Report of Independent Accountants
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1999 and 1998
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended
December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the Years Ended
December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(b) Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (Unaudited)
The following pro forma financial information is included as part of
this report:
Introduction
Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 1999
Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income for the Year Ended
December 31, 1999
Notes to Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(c) Exhibits
The Exhibits listed on the Exhibit Index are filed as part of this
report.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
MARKEL CORPORATION
Date: April 10, 2000 By: Darrell D. Martin
---------------------
Executive Vice President
And Chief Financial Officer
EXHIBIT INDEX
2 Agreement and Plan of Merger and Scheme of Arrangement dated August 15,
1999, among Markel Corporation and Terra Nova (Bermuda) Holdings, Ltd.,
as amended /a/
4 Credit Agreement dated December 21, 1999, as amended among Markel
Corporation, Markel Holdings, the lenders referred to herein and First
Union National Bank, as Agent (4) /b/
/a/ Incorporated by reference from Appendix A to the Revised Proxy
Statement/Prospectus dated February 10, 2000.(Registration Statement
No. 333-88609)
/b/ Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4 to Markel Holdings, Inc.
Form 10-K dated March 17, 2000.
Item 7a. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF BUSINESS ACQUIRED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Independent Auditors' Report
[LOGO OF KPMG]
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Markel Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Markel
Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, and the related
consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, changes in
shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year
period ended December 31, 1999. These consolidated financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Markel Corporation
and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, and the results of their
operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period
ended December 31, 1999 in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Richmond, Virginia
February 1, 2000
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
--------------------------
1999 1998
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Investments, available-for-sale, at estimated fair value
Fixed maturities (cost of $1,214,603 in 1999 and $1,041,155 in 1998) $1,177,151 $1,070,978
Equity securities (cost of $243,145 in 1999 and $200,004 in 1998) 304,241 317,887
Short-term investments (estimated fair value approximates cost) 141,747 92,228
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL INVESTMENTS, AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE 1,623,139 1,481,093
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents 1,813 1,527
Receivables 98,681 68,138
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses 378,738 198,288
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses 43,131 21,205
Deferred policy acquisition costs 50,800 40,471
Prepaid reinsurance premiums 69,591 42,241
Intangible assets 92,314 35,298
Other assets 97,098 33,003
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL ASSETS $2,455,305 $1,921,264
=====================================================================================================================
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses $1,343,616 $ 933,830
Unearned premiums 276,910 205,908
Payables to insurance companies 60,706 22,715
Long-term debt (estimated fair value of $163,881 in 1999 and $96,931 in 1998) 167,984 93,219
Other liabilities 72,670 90,291
Company-Obligated Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Capital Securities
of Subsidiary Trust Holding Solely Junior Subordinated Deferrable
Interest Debentures of Markel Corporation (estimated fair value
of $124,500 in 1999 and $144,453 in 1998) 150,000 150,000
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES 2,071,886 1,495,963
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shareholders' equity
Common stock 25,625 25,415
Retained earnings 342,426 303,878
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Net unrealized holding gains on fixed maturities and equity securities,
net of taxes of $8,276 in 1999 and $51,698 in 1998 15,368 96,008
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 383,419 425,301
Commitments and contingencies
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY $2,455,305 $1,921,264
=====================================================================================================================
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Years Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
OPERATING REVENUES
Earned premiums $ 437,196 $ 333,267 $ 332,878
Net investment income 87,681 71,046 68,653
Net realized gains (losses) from investment sales (897) 20,558 15,834
Other 341 1,130 1,682
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL OPERATING REVENUES 524,321 426,001 419,047
============================================================================================================
OPERATING EXPENSES
Losses and loss adjustment expenses 283,630 203,336 210,061
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses 156,703 124,841 120,076
Amortization of intangible assets 5,398 2,033 2,435
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES 445,731 330,210 332,572
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATING INCOME 78,590 95,791 86,475
============================================================================================================
Interest expense 25,150 20,406 20,124
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES 53,440 75,385 66,351
Income tax expense 12,826 18,092 15,924
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET INCOME $ 40,614 $ 57,293 $ 50,427
============================================================================================================
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities, net of taxes
Net holding gains (losses) arising during the period $ (81,223) $ 24,112 $ 51,800
Less reclassification adjustments for gains (losses)
included in net income 583 (13,363) (10,292)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (80,640) 10,749 41,508
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) $ (40,026) $ 68,042 $ 91,935
============================================================================================================
NET INCOME PER SHARE
Basic $ 7.27 $ 10.41 $ 9.20
Diluted $ 7.20 $ 10.17 $ 8.92
============================================================================================================
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Accumulated
Other
Common Common Retained Comprehensive
Shares Stock Earnings Income Total
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in thousands)
Shareholders' Equity at January 1, 1997 5,458 $ 24,347 $ 200,237 $ 43,751 $ 268,335
Net income -- -- 50,427 -- 50,427
Net unrealized holding gains
arising during the period, net of taxes -- -- -- 41,508 41,508
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comprehensive income 91,935
Issuance of common stock 41 313 -- -- 313
Repurchase of common stock (25) -- (3,771) -- (3,771)
Other -- -- (8) -- (8)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shareholders' Equity at December 31, 1997 5,474 24,660 246,885 85,259 356,804
Net income -- -- 57,293 -- 57,293
Net unrealized holding gains
arising during the period, net of taxes -- -- -- 10,749 10,749
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comprehensive income 68,042
Issuance of common stock 50 755 -- -- 755
Repurchase of common stock (2) -- (300) -- (300)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shareholders' Equity at December 31, 1998 5,522 25,415 303,878 96,008 425,301
Net income -- -- 40,614 -- 40,614
Net unrealized holding losses
arising during the period, net of taxes -- -- -- (80,640) (80,640)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comprehensive loss (40,026)
Issuance of common stock 81 210 -- -- 210
Repurchase of common stock (13) -- (2,066) -- (2,066)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AT DECEMBER 31, 1999 5,590 $ 25,625 $ 342,426 $ 15,368 $ 383,419
================================================================================================================================
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income $ 40,614 $ 57,293 $ 50,427
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided
by operating activities
Deferred income tax expense (benefit) 9,477 6,950 (557)
Depreciation and amortization 12,855 7,296 7,307
Net realized (gains) losses from investment sales 897 (20,558) (15,834)
Decrease (increase) in receivables (2,461) 5,758 (2,669)
Decrease (increase) in deferred policy acquisition costs 66 (3,655) 1,163
Increase (decrease) in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses, net (34,238) (15,885) 16,789
Increase (decrease) in unearned premiums, net (9,192) 10,610 (2,914)
Increase (decrease) in payables to insurance companies 8,174 (6,433) 5,278
Increase (decrease) in current income taxes (6,819) 3,084 4,313
Other (18,815) (4,516) 5,340
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES 558 39,944 68,643
====================================================================================================================================
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from sales of fixed maturities and equity securities 1,069,006 405,561 636,212
Proceeds from maturities of fixed maturities 52,708 127,526 55,722
Cost of fixed maturities and equity securities purchased (945,927) (574,310) (863,785)
Net change in short-term investments (49,519) (484) (40,237)
Sales (acquisition) of insurance companies, net of cash (129,960) 4,689 9,230
Net proceeds from sale of building -- -- 6,500
Additions to property and equipment (4,026) (2,717) (4,612)
Other (6,797) (446) (177)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET CASH USED BY INVESTING ACTIVITIES (14,515) (40,181) (201,147)
====================================================================================================================================
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net proceeds from issuance of Company-Obligated Mandatorily
Redeemable Preferred Capital Securities -- -- 148,123
Additions to long-term debt 115,000 -- --
Repayments and repurchases of long-term debt (95,288) -- (21,577)
Other (5,469) 455 (3,787)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES 14,243 455 122,759
====================================================================================================================================
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 286 218 (9,745)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 1,527 1,309 11,054
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR $ 1,813 $ 1,527 $ 1,309
====================================================================================================================================
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The Company underwrites specialty insurance products and programs to niche
markets. Significant areas of underwriting include excess and surplus lines,
professional/products liability, brokered excess and surplus lines, specialty
programs and specialty personal and commercial lines.
a) PREPARATION OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. Generally accepted
accounting principles require management to make estimates and assumptions when
preparing financial statements. Actual results could differ from those
estimates. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Markel
Corporation and all subsidiaries (the Company). All significant intercompany
balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
b) INVESTMENTS. All investments are considered available-for-sale and are
recorded at estimated fair value, generally based on quoted market prices. The
net unrealized gains or losses on investments, net of deferred income taxes, are
included in accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity. A
decline in the fair value of any investment below cost that is deemed other than
temporary is charged to earnings, resulting in a new cost basis for the
security.
Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the lives of the related
fixed maturities as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method.
Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. Realized gains or
losses are included in earnings and are derived using the first in, first out
method.
c) CASH EQUIVALENTS. The Company considers overnight deposits to be cash
equivalents for purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows.
d) DEFERRED POLICY ACQUISITION COSTS. Costs directly related to the acquisition
of insurance premiums, such as commissions to agents and brokers, are deferred
and amortized over the related policy period, generally one year. If it is
determined that future policy revenues on existing policies are not adequate to
cover related costs and expenses, deferred policy acquisition costs are charged
to earnings. The Company does not consider anticipated investment income in
determining whether a premium deficiency exists.
e) PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT. Owned property and equipment are stated at cost less
accumulated depreciation. Depreciation and amortization of property and
equipment are calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated
useful lives.
f) INTANGIBLE ASSETS. Policy renewal rights represent the value attributable to
renewal rights for lines of businesses acquired and are amortized using either
the straight-line or accelerated methods over the estimated lives of the
businesses acquired, generally over three to ten years. Goodwill is amortized
using the straight-line method, generally from 20 to 40 years. The Company
assesses the recoverability of goodwill by determining whether the amortization
of the balance over its remaining life can be recovered through the undiscounted
future operating cash flows of the acquired operations.
g) REVENUE RECOGNITION. Insurance premiums are earned on a pro rata basis over
the policy period, generally one year. The cost of reinsurance is initially
recorded as prepaid reinsurance premiums and is amortized over the reinsurance
contract period in proportion to the amount of insurance protection provided.
Profit-sharing commissions from reinsurers are recognized when earned and are
netted against policy acquisition costs. The Company estimates reinsurance
profit commissions earned based on reserve development studies. Premiums ceded
are netted against premiums written.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
h) UNPAID LOSSES AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES. Unpaid losses and loss adjustment
expenses are based on evaluations of reported claims and estimates for losses
and loss adjustment expenses incurred but not reported. Estimates for losses and
loss adjustment expenses incurred but not reported are based on reserve
development studies. The reserves recorded are estimates, and the ultimate
liability may be greater than or less than the estimates; however, management
believes the reserves are adequate.
i) INCOME TAXES. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded in accordance
with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No.
109, Accounting for Income Taxes. Under SFAS No. 109, the Company records
deferred income taxes which reflect the net tax effect of the temporary
differences between the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities for
financial reporting purposes and their respective tax bases.
j) EARNINGS PER SHARE. Basic earnings per share (EPS) is computed by dividing
net income, less required dividends on redeemable preferred stock, by the
weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted
EPS is computed using the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive
potential common shares outstanding during the year.
k) STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS. The Company applies Accounting Principles Board
Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related
interpretations in accounting for stock-based compensation plans. The Company
has adopted the disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock
Based Compensation.
l) LONG-LIVED ASSETS. If an asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment
equals the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair
value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the
carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
m) COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS). Comprehensive income (loss) represents all
changes in equity of an enterprise that result from recognized transactions and
other economic events of the period. Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to
revenues, expenses, gains and losses that under generally accepted accounting
principles are included in comprehensive income (loss) but excluded from net
income, such as unrealized gains or losses on certain investments in debt and
equity securities and foreign currency items.
n) DERIVATIVES. The Company occasionally uses derivative financial instruments
to hedge foreign currency risk and market risk in its investment portfolio. When
held, derivative instruments are matched against specific securities, and their
fair values are determined based on current settlement costs. Derivative
positions held by the Company at December 31, 1999 and 1998 were immaterial.
o) RECLASSIFICATIONS. Certain reclassifications of prior years' amounts have
been made to conform with 1999 presentations.
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
2. Investments
a) Following is a summary of investments (dollars in thousands):
December 31, 1999
--------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross Estimated
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair
Cost Gains Losses Value
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fixed maturities
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations
of U.S. government agencies $ 189,157 $ 127 $ (4,697) $ 184,587
Obligations of states, municipalities
and political subdivisions 426,497 1,147 (11,305) 416,339
Public utilities 81,457 -- (5,793) 75,664
Convertibles and bonds with warrants 14,864 371 (534) 14,701
All other corporate bonds 502,628 350 (17,118) 485,860
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total fixed maturities 1,214,603 1,995 (39,447) 1,177,151
Equity securities
Banks, trusts and insurance companies 91,342 35,383 (6,550) 120,175
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other 151,171 45,032 (12,225) 183,978
Nonredeemable preferred stock 632 -- (544) 88
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total equity securities 243,145 80,415 (19,319) 304,241
Short-term investments 141,747 -- -- 141,747
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL INVESTMENTS $1,599,495 $ 82,410 $ (58,766) $1,623,139
=================================================================================================================
December 31, 1998
--------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross Estimated
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair
Cost Gains Losses Value
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fixed maturities
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations
of U.S. government agencies $ 199,655 $ 4,376 $ (937) $ 203,094
Obligations of states, municipalities
and political subdivisions 425,904 13,584 (207) 439,281
Public utilities 37,086 1,030 (37) 38,079
Convertibles and bonds with warrants 12,528 442 (151) 12,819
All other corporate bonds 365,982 13,219 (1,496) 377,705
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total fixed maturities 1,041,155 32,651 (2,828) 1,070,978
Equity securities
Banks, trusts and insurance companies 86,526 61,898 (454) 147,970
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other 112,780 60,917 (5,259) 168,438
Nonredeemable preferred stock 698 794 (13) 1,479
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total equity securities 200,004 123,609 (5,726) 317,887
Short-term investments 92,228 -- -- 92,228
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL INVESTMENTS $1,333,387 $ 156,260 $ (8,554) $1,481,093
=================================================================================================================
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Investments (continued)
b) The amortized cost and estimated fair value of fixed maturities
at December 31, 1999 are shown below by contractual maturity (dollars in
thousands):
Estimated
Amortized Fair
Cost Value
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Due in one year or less $ 33,992 $ 33,922
Due after one year through five years 192,974 190,926
Due after five years through ten years 381,698 373,240
Due after ten years 605,939 579,063
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL $1,214,603 $1,177,151
================================================================================
Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may
have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment
penalties, and the lenders may have the right to put the securities back to the
borrower. Based on expected maturities, the estimated average duration of the
fixed maturities was 4.7 years.
c) Components of net investment income are as follows (dollars in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
-----------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest
Municipal bonds (tax-exempt) $21,708 $20,169 $16,130
Taxable bonds 54,157 42,560 43,051
Short-term investments, including
overnight deposits 2,995 2,389 3,986
Dividends on equity securities 11,922 9,602 8,670
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
90,782 74,720 71,837
Less Investment expenses 3,101 3,674 3,184
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET INVESTMENT INCOME $87,681 $71,046 $68,653
================================================================================
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
2. Investments (continued)
d) The following table presents the Company's realized gains and losses from
investment sales and the change in gross unrealized gains (losses) (dollars in
thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Realized gains
Fixed maturities $ 6,586 $ 6,201 $ 9,454
Equity securities 19,578 19,168 12,568
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
26,164 25,369 22,022
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Realized losses
Fixed maturities (20,240) (1,376) (4,615)
Equity securities (6,821) (3,435) (1,573)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(27,061) (4,811) (6,188)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET REALIZED GAINS (LOSSES)
From Investment Sales $ (897) $ 20,558 $ 15,834
================================================================================
Change in gross unrealized gains (losses)
Fixed maturities $ (67,275) $ 4,439 $ 18,911
Equity securities (56,787) 12,099 44,947
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) $(124,062) $ 16,538 $ 63,858
================================================================================
e) Investments with a carrying value of $41.7 million and $28.9 million were on
deposit with regulatory authorities at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
f) At December 31, 1999, there were no investments in any one issuer that
exceeded 10% of shareholders' equity.
================================================================================
3. Receivables
Following are the components of receivables (dollars in thousands):
December 31,
---------------------
1999 1998
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Agents' balances and premiums in course of collection $84,794 $52,507
Less Allowance for doubtful receivables 3,283 3,113
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
81,511 49,394
Other 17,170 18,744
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RECEIVABLES $98,681 $68,138
================================================================================
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs
The following reflects the amounts of policy costs deferred and amortized
(dollars in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, beginning of year $ 40,471 $ 36,816 $ 37,979
Policy acquisition costs deferred 104,861 85,041 79,356
Amortization charged to expense (94,532) (81,386) (80,519)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEFERRED POLICY ACQUISITION COSTS $ 50,800 $ 40,471 $ 36,816
================================================================================
The following reflects the components of underwriting, acquisition and insurance
expenses (dollars in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Amortization of policy acquisition costs $ 94,532 $ 81,386 $ 80,519
Other operating expenses 62,171 43,455 39,557
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNDERWRITING, ACQUISITION AND
INSURANCE EXPENSES $ 156,703 $ 124,841 $ 120,076
================================================================================
5. Property and Equipment
Following are the components of property and equipment which are included in
other assets on the consolidated balance sheets (dollars in thousands):
December 31,
--------------------------
1999 1998
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Land $ -- $ 1,066
Leasehold improvements 3,010 995
Furniture and equipment 31,699 26,292
Other 96 121
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
34,805 28,474
Less Accumulated depreciation and amortization 24,894 20,493
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT $ 9,911 $ 7,981
================================================================================
Depreciation and amortization expense of property and equipment was $4.0
million, $4.1 million and $3.5 million for the years ended December 31, 1999,
1998 and 1997, respectively.
Total rental expense for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997 was
approximately $5.8 million, $4.9 million and $4.2 million, respectively.
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
5. Property and Equipment (continued)
The Company has facilities and furniture and equipment under operating leases
with remaining terms ranging from 1 month to 120 months.
Minimum annual rental commitments for noncancelable operating leases at
December 31, 1999 are as follows (dollars in thousands):
Years Ending December 31,
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2000 $ 6,817
2001 7,004
2002 6,885
2003 6,620
2004 6,774
2005 and thereafter 28,053
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL $ 62,153
================================================================================
6. Intangible Assets
Following are the components of intangible assets (dollars in thousands):
December 31,
-------------------------
1999 1998
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Goodwill $ 89,864 $ 34,587
Policy renewal rights 2,450 711
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTANGIBLE ASSETS $ 92,314 $ 35,298
================================================================================
Accumulated amortization related to intangible assets was $27.0 million and
$21.6 million at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
================================================================================
7. Income Taxes
Income tax expense on income before income taxes, substantially all of which was
federal tax expense, consists of (dollars in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Current $ 3,349 $11,142 $16,481
Deferred 9,477 6,950 (557)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INCOME TAX EXPENSE $12,826 $18,092 $15,924
================================================================================
The Company made income tax payments of $13.3 million in 1999, $8.1 million in
1998 and $12.2 million in 1997. At December 31, 1999, current income taxes
recoverable were $6.7 million. At December 31, 1998, current income taxes
payable were $4.0 million.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Income Taxes (continued)
Reconciliations of the U.S. corporate income tax rate and the effective tax rate
on income before income taxes are as follows:
Years Ended December 31,
------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. corporate tax rate 35% 35% 35%
Tax-exempt investment income (15) (9) (9)
Amortization of intangible assets 3 -- --
Differences between financial reporting and
tax bases of assets acquired -- (3) (3)
Other 1 1 1
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EFFECTIVE TAX RATE 24% 24% 24%
================================================================================
The components of the net deferred tax asset (liability) are as follows (dollars
in thousands):
December 31,
--------------------
1999 1998
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets
Income reported in different periods for
financial reporting and tax purposes $ 15,117 $ 8,840
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses,
nondeductible portion for income tax purposes 59,255 46,814
Unearned premiums, adjustment for income tax purposes 14,512 11,457
Other 723 976
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total gross deferred tax assets 89,607 68,087
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Liabilities
Property and equipment, depreciation 540 620
Deferred policy acquisition costs 17,780 14,165
Investments, net unrealized gains 8,276 51,698
Differences between financial reporting and
tax bases of assets acquired 14,000 12,126
Other 758 1,896
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total gross deferred tax liabilities 41,354 80,505
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET DEFERRED TAX ASSET (LIABILITY) $ 48,253 $(12,418)
================================================================================
The net deferred tax asset at December 31, 1999 is included in other assets on
the consolidated balance sheets. The net deferred tax liability at December 31,
1998 is included in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
The Company believes that a valuation allowance with respect to the realization
of the total gross deferred tax assets is not necessary. The Company expects to
realize the majority of its gross deferred tax assets existing at December 31,
1999 through the reversal of existing temporary differences and the application
of the carryback provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company expects to
generate future taxable income, excluding the effect of future originating
temporary differences, to realize the remaining gross deferred tax assets.
The Company's federal tax years through December 31, 1995 are closed to
examination.
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
8. Unpaid Losses And Loss Adjustment Expenses
a) The following table sets forth a reconciliation of consolidated beginning and
ending reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses (dollars in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET RESERVES FOR LOSSES AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT
EXPENSES, BEGINNING OF YEAR $ 735,542 $ 745,752 $ 725,064
Commutations and other 1,636 (798) 745
Reserves for losses and loss adjustment
expenses of acquired insurance companies 258,472 -- --
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RESTATED NET RESERVES FOR LOSSES
AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES,
BEGINNING OF YEAR $ 995,650 $ 744,954 $ 725,809
Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses
Current year 322,122 240,732 236,037
Prior years (38,492) (37,396) (25,976)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL INCURRED LOSSES AND
LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES 283,630 203,336 210,061
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Payments
Current year 65,723 51,695 44,382
Prior years 248,679 161,053 145,736
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL PAYMENTS 314,402 212,748 190,118
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET RESERVES FOR LOSSES AND LOSS
ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES, END OF YEAR 964,878 735,542 745,752
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses 378,738 198,288 225,405
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GROSS RESERVES FOR LOSSES AND LOSS
ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES, END OF YEAR $ 1,343,616 $ 933,830 $ 971,157
================================================================================================
The provision for prior years decreased in 1999, 1998 and 1997. Inherent in the
Company's reserving practices is the desire to establish reserves that are more
likely redundant than deficient. Furthermore, the Company's philosophy is to
price its insurance products to make an underwriting profit, not to increase
written premiums.
Management continually attempts to improve its loss estimation process by
refining its ability to analyze loss development patterns, claim payments and
other information, but many reasons remain for potential adverse development of
estimated ultimate liabilities. For example, the uncertainties inherent in the
loss estimation process have become increasingly subject to changes in social
and legal trends. In recent years, these trends have expanded the liability of
insureds, established new liabilities and reinterpreted contracts to provide
unanticipated coverage long after the related policies were written. Such
changes from past experience significantly affect the ability of insurers to
estimate reserves for unpaid losses and related expenses.
Management recognizes the higher variability associated with certain exposures
and books of business and considers this factor when establishing loss reserves.
Management currently believes the Company's gross and net reserves, including
the reserves for environmental and asbestos exposures, are adequate. The Company
has shown cumulative redundancies for thirteen consecutive years.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Unpaid Losses And Loss Adjustment Expenses (continued)
The net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses maintained by the
Company's insurance subsidiaries are equal under both statutory and generally
accepted accounting principles. However, certain reserves for claim handling
expenses are maintained by the Company's underwriting management subsidiaries,
in accordance with the contractual obligations of these subsidiaries. As a
result, the consolidated net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses
will be different from the aggregate statutory net reserves for losses and loss
adjustment expenses.
b) All of the Company's exposure to environmental and asbestos (E&A) claims
resulted from policies written by Shand/Evanston, Lincoln Insurance Company and
Gryphon Holdings, Inc. before their acquisitions by the Company. The Company's
exposure to E&A claims originated from umbrella, excess, commercial general
liability (CGL) insurance and reinsurance assumed that was written on an
occurrence basis from the 1970's to mid-1980's. Exposure also originated from
claims made policies written by Shand/Evanston that were designed to cover
environmental risks (EIL policies) provided that all other terms and conditions
of the policy were met.
E&A claims include property damage and clean-up costs related to pollution, as
well as personal injury allegedly arising from exposure to hazardous materials.
After 1986 the Company began underwriting CGL coverage with pollution exclusions
and in some lines of business, the Company began using a claims made form. These
developments significantly reduced the Company's exposure to future E&A
claims.
The following table provides a reconciliation of beginning and ending E&A
reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses, which are a component of
consolidated reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses (dollars in
thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET RESERVES FOR E&A LOSSES AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT
EXPENSES, BEGINNING OF YEAR $ 82,631 $ 81,364 $ 62,382
Commutations -- 3 1,009
Reserves for E&A losses and
loss adjustment expenses of
acquired insurance companies 38,913 -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RESTATED NET RESERVES FOR
E&A LOSSES AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT
EXPENSES, BEGINNING OF YEAR $121,544 $ 81,367 $ 63,391
Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses 5,082 10,576 29,050
Payments 28,850 9,312 11,077
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET RESERVES FOR E&A LOSSES AND LOSS
ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES, END OF YEAR 97,776 82,631 81,364
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses 70,758 11,925 14,018
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GROSS RESERVES FOR E&A LOSSES AND LOSS
ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES, END OF YEAR $168,534 $ 94,556 $ 95,382
================================================================================
The increase in 1999 net and gross E&A reserves was due to the acquisition of
Gryphon in January 1999.
Inception to date net paid losses and loss adjustment expenses for E&A related
exposures totaled $184.8 million at December 31, 1999, of which approximately
$16.4 million was litigation related expense.
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
8. Unpaid Losses And Loss Adjustment Expenses (continued)
There were 304 open claims related to E&A at December 31, 1999, compared to 205
at December 31, 1998 and 234 at December 31, 1997. Of the open claims at
December 31, 1999, approximately 13% were products liability asbestos or related
claims. The 1999 increase in open claims was due to the acquisition of Gryphon.
Management believes future exposure to valid EIL claims is limited because
coverage was afforded on a claims made basis.
The Company's reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses related to E&A
exposures represent management's best estimate of ultimate settlement values.
E&A reserves are continually monitored by management, and the Company's
statistical analysis of these reserves is reviewed by independent consulting
actuaries. E&A exposures are generally subject to significant uncertainty due to
potential severity and an uncertain legal climate. E&A reserves could be subject
to increases in the future; however, these reserves have been established in
accordance with the Company's desire to have reserves of all types that are more
likely redundant than deficient.
================================================================================
9. Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following (dollars in thousands):
December 31,
-----------------------
1999 1998
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unsecured borrowings under $250 million revolving credit facility
at an average rate of 7.0%, due April 23, 2003 $ 75,000 $ --
7.25% unsecured notes, due November 1, 2003, interest payable
semi-annually, net of unamortized discount of
$178 in 1999 and $231 in 1998 92,984 93,219
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Long-Term Debt $167,984 $ 93,219
=============================================================================================
The $250 million revolving credit facility is available for working capital and
other general corporate purposes. The Company may select from various interest
rate options for balances outstanding under the facility. The Company pays a
commitment fee of .10% on the unused portion of the facility.
The notes due November 1, 2003 are not redeemable or subject to any sinking fund
requirements and have an effective cost of approximately 7.54%. During 1999 the
Company repurchased $0.3 million of its 7.25% notes.
The estimated fair values of the Company's long-term debt were $163.9 million
and $96.9 million at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively, and were based on
quoted market prices at the reporting dates.
The $168.0 million of future principal payments on long-term debt are due in
2003.
The Company paid $11.9 million, $7.3 million and $7.6 million in interest during
the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Company-Obligated Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Capital Securities
(8.71% Capital Securities)
On January 8, 1997, the Company arranged the sale of $150 million of 8.71%
Capital Securities issued under an Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust
dated January 13, 1997 (The Declaration) by Markel Capital Trust I (the Trust),
a statutory business trust sponsored and wholly-owned by Markel Corporation.
Proceeds from the sale of the 8.71% Capital Securities were used to purchase
$154,640,000 aggregate principal amount of the Company's 8.71% Junior
Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures (the Debentures) due January 1,
2046, issued to the Trust under an indenture dated January 13, 1997 (the
Indenture). The Debentures are the sole assets of the Trust. The Company has the
right to defer interest payments on the Debentures for up to five years. The
8.71% Capital Securities and related Debentures are redeemable by the Company on
or after January 1, 2007. Taken together, the Company's obligations under the
Debentures, the Indenture, the Declaration and a guarantee made by the Company
provide, in the aggregate, a full, irrevocable and unconditional guarantee of
payments of distributions and other amounts due on the 8.71% Capital Securities.
The Company paid $13.1 million, $19.6 million and $6.1 million in interest on
the 8.71% Capital Securities during the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and
1997, respectively. The estimated fair values of the Company's 8.71% Capital
Securities were $124.5 million and $144.5 million at December 31, 1999 and 1998,
respectively, and were based on quoted market prices at the reporting dates.
================================================================================
11. Shareholders' Equity
a) The Company has 15,000,000 shares of no par value common stock authorized, of
which 5,590,118 and 5,522,437 shares were outstanding at December 31, 1999 and
1998, respectively. The Company is authorized to issue up to 2,069,200 shares of
preferred stock, $1.00 par value per share, in one or more series and to fix the
powers, designations, preferences and rights of each series.
b) The Company has three stock option or stock award plans for employees and
directors; the 1986 Stock Option Plan which expired on November 3, 1996, the
1989 Non-employee Director Stock Option Plan which expired on December 31,1998
and the 1993 Incentive Stock Plan. At December 31, 1999, there were 64,579
shares and 100,000 shares reserved for issuance under the 1986 plan and the 1993
plan, respectively. At December 31, 1999, all options granted under the 1989
plan had been exercised. The 1986 and the 1993 plans are administered by the
Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors. The 1993 plan
provides for the award of incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights or
incentive stock awards to employees of the Company. Options are granted at a
price not less than market price on the date of the grant and are exercisable
within a period established by the Committee or the Board at the time of the
grant, but not earlier than six months from the date of grant. Options expire
either five or ten years from the date of grant. At December 31, 1999, the
Company had 97,500 options, stock appreciation rights or incentive stock awards
available for grant under the 1993 plan.
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
11. Shareholders' Equity (continued)
Stock option transactions are summarized below:
Years Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted Weighted Weighted
Average Average Average
Exercise Exercise Exercise
1999 Price 1998 Price 1997 Price
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Options outstanding
at January 1 160,439 $ 31 217,279 $ 29 264,250 $ 26
Granted -- -- -- -- 2,500 144
Exercised (93,360) 26 (56,260) 23 (48,031) 17
Canceled -- -- (580) 39 (1,440) 39
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Options outstanding
at December 31 67,079 $ 38 160,439 $ 31 217,279 $ 29
=============================================================================================================
Options exercisable
at December 31 60,079 139,807 180,283
Options available for grant
at December 31 97,500 97,500 133,500
=============================================================================================================
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at
December 31, 1999:
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
------------------------------------------------ --------------------------
Weighted Weighted Weighted
Range of Average Average Average
Exercise Number Remaining Exercise Number Exercise
Prices Outstanding Contractual Life Price Exercisable Price
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 11 to 12 12,459 1.0 year $ 12 12,459 $ 12
18 to 21 9,350 1.6 20 9,350 20
26 4,500 2.4 26 4,500 26
36 to 42 33,270 3.8 38 31,270 38
87 5,000 6.8 87 2,000 87
144 2,500 7.8 144 500 144
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$11 to 144 67,079 3.3 year $ 38 60,079 $ 31
==========================================================================================
The pro forma impact of stock options granted after 1995 had no effect on basic
or diluted net income per share.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Shareholders' Equity (continued)
c) Net income per share is determined by dividing net income, as adjusted below,
by the applicable shares outstanding (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
-----------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income as reported $ 40,614 $ 57,293 $ 50,427
Dividends on redeemable preferred stock -- -- (8)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Basic and diluted income $ 40,614 $ 57,293 $ 50,419
================================================================================
Average common shares outstanding 5,585 5,506 5,483
Dilutive potential common shares 53 130 169
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average diluted shares outstanding 5,638 5,636 5,652
================================================================================
Basic shares represent average common shares outstanding. Diluted shares include
average common shares and dilutive potential common shares outstanding. Average
closing common stock market prices are used to calculate the dilutive effect
attributable to stock options.
================================================================================
12. Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss) is composed of net holding gains (losses) on
securities arising during the period less reclassification adjustments for gains
(losses) included in net income. The related tax expense (benefit) on net
holding gains (losses) on securities arising during the period was $(43.7)
million, $13.0 million and $27.9 million for 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
The related tax expense (benefit) on the reclassification adjustments for gains
(losses) included in net income was $(0.3) million for 1999, $7.2 million for
1998 and $5.5 million for 1997.
================================================================================
13. Employee Benefit Plan
The Company maintains a defined contribution plan, the Markel Corporation
Retirement Savings Plan, in accordance with Section 401(k) of the Internal
Revenue Code. The plan requires the Company to contribute, on an annual basis,
6% of each participating employee's compensation plus a matching contribution of
100% of the first 2% and 50% of the next 2% of each participating employee's
contribution. Annual expenses relating to this plan were $3.3 million, $2.9
million and $2.6 million in 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
================================================================================
14. Reinsurance
The Company enters into reinsurance agreements in order to reduce its liability
on individual risks and enable it to underwrite policies with higher limits. In
a reinsurance transaction, an insurance company transfers, or cedes, all or part
of its exposure in return for a portion of the premium. The ceding of the
insurance does not legally discharge the ceding company from its primary
liability for the full amount of the policies, and the ceding company is
required to pay the loss and bear collection risk if the reinsurer fails to meet
its obligations under the reinsurance agreement.
A credit risk exists with reinsurance ceded to the extent that any reinsurer is
unable to meet the obligations assumed under the reinsurance agreements.
Allowances are established for amounts deemed uncollectible. The Company
evaluates the financial condition of its reinsurers and monitors concentration
of credit risk arising from its exposure to individual reinsurers. At December
31, 1999 and 1998, the Company's top ten reinsurers represented 50% and 74%,
respectively, of the reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid losses.
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
14. Reinsurance (continued)
The table below summarizes the effect of reinsurance on premiums written and
earned (dollars in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Written Earned Written Earned Written Earned
Direct $ 564,749 $ 567,117 $ 432,094 $ 413,752 $ 413,252 $ 422,574
Assumed 27,784 25,529 4,933 5,313 7,395 6,938
Ceded (164,529) (155,450) (93,150) (85,798) (90,684) (96,634)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Premiums $ 428,004 $ 437,196 $ 343,877 $ 333,267 $ 329,963 $ 332,878
=================================================================================================
Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses are net of reinsurance recoveries
of $102.2 million, $55.8 million and $82.0 million for the years ended December
31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
The percentage of assumed earned premiums to net earned premiums for the years
ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997 was approximately 6%, 2% and 2%,
respectively.
================================================================================
15. Contingencies
The Company has contingencies that arise in the normal conduct of its
operations. In the opinion of management, the resolutions of these contingencies
are not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial condition
or results of operations.
================================================================================
16. Related Party Transactions
The Company pays commissions for business produced by Gary Markel & Associates,
Inc. and Gary Markel Surplus Lines Brokerage, Inc., entities owned by a Director
of the Company. The commissions paid were $0.4 million, $0.4 million and $0.5
million for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
================================================================================
17. Statutory Financial Information
The following table includes selected information for the Company's wholly-owned
insurance subsidiaries as filed with insurance regulatory authorities (dollars
in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 60,938 $ 48,357 $ 50,427
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Statutory capital and surplus $435,071 $372,872 $334,025
================================================================================
The laws of the domicile states of the Company's insurance subsidiaries govern
the amount of dividends which may be paid to the Company. Generally, statutes in
the domicile states of the Company's insurance subsidiaries require prior
approval for payment of "extraordinary" as opposed to "ordinary" dividends. At
December 31, 1999, the Company's insurance subsidiaries could pay up to $60.9
million during the following twelve months under the ordinary dividend
regulations without prior regulatory approval. As of December 31, 1999, $374.2
million of the insurance subsidiaries' statutory surplus was so restricted.
In converting from statutory accounting principles to generally accepted
accounting principles, typical adjustments include deferral of policy
acquisition costs, a provision for deferred federal income taxes and the
inclusion of net unrealized holding gains or losses in shareholders' equity
relating to fixed maturities. The Company does not use any permitted statutory
accounting practices which are different from prescribed statutory accounting
practices.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. Segment Reporting Disclosures
The Company has five core underwriting units focused on specific niches within
the Excess and Surplus Lines and Specialty Admitted markets. Excess and Surplus
Lines, Professional/Products Liability and Brokered Excess and Surplus Lines
write business in the Excess and Surplus Lines market and for purposes of
segment reporting are aggregated as one operating segment. Specialty Program
Insurance and Specialty Personal and Commercial Lines write business in the
Specialty Admitted market and for purposes of segment reporting are aggregated
as one operating segment. All investing activities are included in the Investing
operating segment.
The Company has significantly restructured Gryphon's operations, and Gryphon's
premium volume has decreased by approximately 50% from preacquisition levels.
Gryphon continuing programs are administered by underwriting units in the Excess
and Surplus Lines operating segment. Gryphon discontinued programs are included
in Other for purposes of segment reporting.
The Company considers many factors, including the nature of the underwriting
units' insurance products, production sources, distribution strategies and
regulatory environment in determining how to aggregate operating segments.
Segment profit or loss for the Excess and Surplus Lines and the Specialty
Admitted operating segments is measured by underwriting profit or loss. Segment
profit for the Investing operating segment is measured by net investment income
and net realized gains or losses.
The Company does not allocate assets to the Excess and Surplus Lines or the
Specialty Admitted operating segments for management reporting purposes. The
total investment portfolio is allocated to the Investing operating segment. The
Company does not allocate capital expenditures for long-lived assets to any of
its operating segments for management reporting purposes.
a) Following is a summary of segment disclosures (dollars in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Segment Revenues
Excess & Surplus Lines $ 286,449 $ 229,541 $ 216,478
Specialty Admitted 114,567 103,726 116,400
Investing 86,784 91,604 84,487
Other 36,180 -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Segment Revenues $ 523,980 $ 424,871 $ 417,365
================================================================================
Segment Profit (Loss)
Excess & Surplus Lines $ 15,846 $ 6,878 $ 14,032
Specialty Admitted (890) (1,788) (11,291)
Investing 86,784 91,604 84,487
Other (18,093) -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SEGMENT PROFIT $ 83,647 $ 96,694 $ 87,228
================================================================================
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
18. Segment Reporting Disclosures (continued)
Years Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Segment Assets
Excess & Surplus Lines $ -- $ -- $ --
Specialty Admitted -- -- --
Investing 1,623,139 1,481,093 1,408,320
Other 832,166 440,171 461,780
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SEGMENT ASSETS $2,455,305 $1,921,264 $1,870,100
================================================================================
Combined Ratio
Excess & Surplus Lines 94% 97% 94%
Specialty Admitted 101% 102% 110%
Investing -- -- --
Other 150% -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMBINED RATIO 101% 98% 99%
================================================================================
b) The following summary reconciles significant segment items to the Company's
consolidated financial statements (dollars in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Operating Revenues
Earned premiums $ 437,196 $ 333,267 $ 332,878
Investing results 86,784 91,604 84,487
Other 341 1,130 1,682
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL OPERATING REVENUES $ 524,321 $ 426,001 $ 419,047
================================================================================
Income Before Income Taxes
Segment profit $ 83,647 $ 96,694 $ 87,228
Unallocated amounts
Amortization expense (5,398) (2,033) (2,435)
Interest expense (25,150) (20,406) (20,124)
Other 341 1,130 1,682
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES $ 53,440 $ 75,385 $ 66,351
================================================================================
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. Acquisition
On January 15, 1999, the Company acquired Gryphon Holdings, Inc. and its
subsidiaries (Gryphon) as the result of the completion of a public tender offer.
The Company's results for the year ended December 31, 1999 include Gryphon since
the date of acquisition. The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase
method of accounting. Total consideration paid for Gryphon was approximately
$145.7 million. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net
tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill
and is being amortized using the straight-line method over 20 years. The Company
funded the transaction with available cash of approximately $95.7 million and
borrowings of approximately $50 million. In addition the Company refinanced
$55.0 million of Gryphon's long-term debt.
The table below summarizes, on a pro forma basis, the Company's consolidated
results of operations as if the purchase of Gryphon had taken place as of
January 1, 1998 (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):
Year Ended
December 31, 1998
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total operating revenues $549,201
Net income 28,489
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income per share
Basic $ 5.17
Diluted 5.05
================================================================================
Gryphon's results had a dilutive effect on the Company's pro forma results of
operations in 1998 due to significant loss reserve strengthening at Gryphon.
================================================================================
20. Subsequent Event
The Company originally announced an agreement to purchase Terra Nova (Bermuda)
Holdings Ltd. (Terra Nova) in August 1999. On January 26, 2000, subsequent to
the Company's year end, the Company announced revised terms for its acquisition
of Terra Nova. The new agreement was reached after preliminary information
indicated that Terra Nova would report a loss for the year ended December 31,
1999.
Pursuant to the revised terms of the merger agreement, purchase consideration
will consist of approximately $325 million in cash, 1.8 million Markel common
shares and 1.8 million Markel contingent value rights (CVR). The CVR's are
intended to increase the likelihood that a Terra Nova shareholder will be able
to realize a minimum value of $185 for each Markel share received. In addition,
$175 million of Terra Nova debt will remain outstanding. The acquisition will be
accounted for as a purchase transaction. The excess of the purchase price over
the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired
will be recorded as goodwill and will be amortized using the straight-line
method over 20 years. The transaction which is subject to approval by the
Company's and Terra Nova's shareholders, the receipt of necessary regulatory
approvals and other customary closing conditions is scheduled to close on
March 24, 2000.
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
21. Markel Corporation (Parent Company Only) Financial Information
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
-------------------------
1999 1998
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Investments, available-for-sale, at estimated fair value
Fixed maturities (cost of $37,041 in 1999 and $86,669 in 1998) $ 36,246 $ 87,267
Equity securities (cost of $54,011 in 1999 and $48,007 in 1998) 55,822 50,637
Short-term investments (estimated fair value approximates cost) 28,053 58,726
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL INVESTMENTS, AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE 120,121 196,630
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents 853 624
Investments in consolidated subsidiaries 549,432 431,836
Notes receivable due from subsidiaries 38,864 52,764
Current income taxes recoverable -- 200
Other assets 30,289 25,328
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL ASSETS $739,559 $707,382
====================================================================================================
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current income taxes payable $ 752 $ --
Deferred income taxes 4,906 6,570
Long-term debt 167,984 93,219
Other liabilities 27,858 27,652
8.71% Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures 154,640 154,640
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES 356,140 282,081
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 383,419 425,301
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY $739,559 $707,382
====================================================================================================
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. Markel Corporation (Parent Company Only) Financial Information (continued)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Years Ended December 31,
------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands)
REVENUES
Net investment income $ 10,390 $ 12,900 $ 11,816
Cash dividends on common stock of
consolidated subsidiaries 48,851 35,637 29,125
Net realized gains (losses) from investment sales (5,767) 3,980 1,036
Other 147 6 15
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL REVENUES 53,621 52,523 41,992
==============================================================================================================
EXPENSES
Interest 23,845 20,167 20,306
Other 1,124 1,001 644
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL EXPENSES 24,969 21,168 20,950
==============================================================================================================
INCOME BEFORE EQUITY IN UNDISTRIBUTED
EARNINGS OF CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
AND INCOME TAXES 28,652 31,355 21,042
Equity in undistributed earnings of
consolidated subsidiaries 8,345 19,734 23,666
Income tax benefit (3,617) (6,204) (5,719)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET INCOME $ 40,614 $ 57,293 $ 50,427
==============================================================================================================
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities, net of taxes
Net holding gains (losses) arising
during the period $ (5,186) $ 2,881 $ 2,477
Consolidated subsidiaries' net holding
gains (losses) arising during the period (76,037) 21,231 49,323
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(81,223) 24,112 51,800
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less reclassification adjustments for gains (losses)
included in net income 3,749 (2,587) (673)
Less consolidated subsidiaries' reclassification
adjustments for gains included in net income (3,166) (10,776) (9,619)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
583 (13,363) (10,292)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (80,640) 10,749 41,508
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) $(40,026) $ 68,042 $ 91,935
==============================================================================================================
Markel Corporation & Subsidiaries
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
21. Markel Corporation (Parent Company Only) Financial Information (continued)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income $ 40,614 $ 57,293 $ 50,427
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities 7,448 (34,186) (15,471)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES 48,062 23,107 34,956
====================================================================================================
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from sales of fixed maturities
and equity securities 80,751 15,410 5,918
Proceeds from maturities of fixed maturities 16,442 82,846 2,047
Cost of fixed maturities and equity
securities purchased (56,691) (92,991) (152,551)
Net change in short-term investments 30,673 (23,232) (17,876)
Decrease (increase) in notes receivable due
from subsidiaries 13,900 (4,538) 1,468
Capital contribution to subsidiaries (14,000) -- (4,640)
Sales (acquisition) of insurance companies (124,318) -- 15,791
Other (8,833) (1,082) (1,424)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET CASH USED BY INVESTING ACTIVITIES (62,076) (23,587) (151,267)
====================================================================================================
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net proceeds from issuance of 8.71% Junior
Subordinate Deferrable Interest Debentures -- -- 152,763
Dividends to subsidiaries -- -- (51)
Additions to long-term debt 115,000 -- --
Repayments and repurchases of long-term debt (95,288) -- (21,527)
Repurchase of preferred stock from subsidiaries -- -- (12,000)
Other (5,469) 455 (3,787)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES 14,243 455 115,398
====================================================================================================
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 229 (25) (913)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 624 649 1,562
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR $ 853 $ 624 $ 649
====================================================================================================
Report of Independent Accountants
To the Shareholder and Board of Directors of
Terra Nova (Bermuda) Holdings Ltd.
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related
consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders' equity
and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position
of Terra Nova (Bermuda) Holdings Ltd. and subsidiaries at December 31, 1999 and
December 31, 1998 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1999, in conformity
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management;
our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based
on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with
auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, which
require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit
includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above.
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Chartered Accountants
Hamilton, Bermuda
March 10, 2000 except as to note 23
which is as of March 17, 2000
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
At December 31,
(dollars in thousands)
1999 1998
---------- ----------
ASSETS
Investments available for sale, at fair value:
Fixed maturities
Bonds (amortized cost $1,321,888 and $1,374,272,
respectively)....................................... $1,306,110 $1,446,621
Common stocks (cost $98,335 and $56,924,
respectively)......................................... 109,900 88,022
---------- ----------
Total investments.................................. 1,416,010 1,534,643
Cash and cash equivalents.............................. 74,798 40,394
Accrued investment income.............................. 27,607 30,015
Insurance balances receivable.......................... 121,094 81,634
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses................. 62,162 45,882
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses............... 346,483 226,099
Accrued premium income................................. 238,230 283,383
Prepaid reinsurance premiums........................... 97,771 37,472
Deferred acquisition costs............................. 99,683 107,607
Income tax recoverable................................. 4,422 --
Deferred income taxes.................................. 31,820 --
Other assets........................................... 111,620 92,243
---------- ----------
Total assets....................................... $2,631,700 $2,479,372
========== ==========
LIABILITIES
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses............. $1,409,968 $1,209,003
Unearned premiums...................................... 468,178 401,002
Insurance balances payable............................. 53,853 23,941
Income tax payable..................................... -- 4,228
Deferred income taxes.................................. -- 27,450
Long term debt......................................... 175,000 175,000
Other liabilities...................................... 80,691 67,886
---------- ----------
Total liabilities.................................. 2,187,690 1,908,510
---------- ----------
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common shares
"A" ordinary shares, 75,000,000 authorized, $5.80 par
value
(24,348,192 issued and outstanding; 1998:
24,172,717).......................................... 141,219 140,202
"B" ordinary shares, convertible, 10,000,000
authorized, $5.80 par value
(1,796,217 issued and outstanding; 1998: 1,796,217).. 10,418 10,418
Stock held in Trust, at cost........................... (16,787) (12,900)
Deferred equity compensation........................... 7,564 4,623
Additional capital..................................... 113,855 111,727
Retained earnings...................................... 195,163 236,292
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income.......... (7,422) 80,500
---------- ----------
Total shareholders' equity......................... 444,010 570,862
---------- ----------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity......... $2,631,700 $2,479,372
========== ==========
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- --------
Revenues
Net written premiums............................ $618,446 $646,197 $483,545
Increase in unearned premiums................... (33,165) (99,289) (64,476)
-------- -------- --------
Net earned premiums............................. 585,281 546,908 419,069
Net investment income........................... 93,829 93,262 85,130
Realized net capital gains on sales of
investments.................................... 26,879 17,963 15,333
Foreign exchange gains (losses)................. 3,016 (586) (1,268)
Agency income................................... 14,245 17,057 15,571
-------- -------- --------
Total revenues................................ 723,250 674,604 533,835
======== ======== ========
Expenses
Losses and loss adjustment expenses, net........ 491,243 359,567 282,480
Policy acquisition costs........................ 240,836 160,380 115,427
Other operating expenses........................ 25,397 20,322 13,706
Interest expense................................ 12,400 13,697 12,710
Agency expenses................................. 14,138 13,760 13,130
Other expenses.................................. 11,838 5,617 5,333
-------- -------- --------
Total expenses................................ 795,852 573,343 442,786
-------- -------- --------
(Loss) income before income tax................. (72,602) 101,261 91,049
Income tax (benefit) expense.................... (37,628) 17,221 17,639
-------- -------- --------
Net (loss) income before extraordinary charge... (34,974) 84,040 73,410
Extraordinary charge after income tax........... -- 11,641 --
-------- -------- --------
Net (loss) income............................... $(34,974) $ 72,399 $ 73,410
======== ======== ========
Basic earnings per common share
Net (loss) income before extraordinary
charge....................................... $ (1.38) $ 3.30 $ 2.87
Extraordinary charge after income tax......... -- (0.46) --
-------- -------- --------
Net (loss) income............................. $ (1.38) $ 2.84 $ 2.87
======== ======== ========
Diluted earnings per common share
Net (loss) income before extraordinary
charge....................................... $ (1.38) $ 3.22 $ 2.82
Extraordinary charge after income tax......... -- (0.45) --
-------- -------- --------
Net (loss) income............................. $ (1.38) $ 2.77 $ 2.82
======== ======== ========
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands)
1999 1998 1997
--------- ------- -------
Net (loss) income................................. $ (34,974) $72,399 $73,410
--------- ------- -------
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of
investments before tax......................... (80,781) 45,299 39,543
Tax benefit (expense)........................... 17,150 (8,242) (8,872)
--------- ------- -------
Unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of
investments after tax.......................... (63,631) 37,057 30,671
--------- ------- -------
Less: Reclassification adjustment for gains
included in net income
before tax....................................... (26,879) (17,963) (15,333)
Tax (benefit) expense........................... 6,219 4,818 4,821
--------- ------- -------
Reclassification adjustment for gains included
in net income
after tax...................................... (20,660) (13,145) (10,512)
--------- ------- -------
Currency translation adjustment................... (3,631) 46 (78)
--------- ------- -------
Other comprehensive (loss) income................. (87,922) 23,958 20,081
--------- ------- -------
Comprehensive (loss) income....................... $(122,896) $96,357 $93,491
========= ======= =======
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
Year Ended December 31,
Stock held Unrealized
Common "A" Shares Common "B" Shares in Trust Deferred (Depreciation)
------------------- ------------------ ------------------ Equity Additional Appreciation
Number Value Number Value Number Value Compensation Capital of Investments
---------- -------- --------- ------- -------- -------- ------------ ---------- --------------
(dollars in thousands except share numbers)
Balance, January
1, 1997.......... 23,802,426 $138,054 2,048,140 $11,879 -- $ -- $ -- $111,544 $ 36,271
Shares issued
for exercise of
share options... 35,986 209 -- -- 26,000 520 -- 24 --
Shares
repurchased
during the
year............ -- -- -- -- (500,000) (10,020) -- -- --
Deferred
compensation
expense......... -- -- -- -- -- -- 3,644 -- --
Deferred
compensation
expense released
on exercise of
share options... -- -- -- -- -- -- (369) -- --
Conversion of
"B" shares into
"A" shares...... 251,923 1,461 (251,923) (1,461) -- -- -- -- --
Net
appreciation.... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 24,210
Income tax
expense......... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (4,051)
Change during
the year........ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Net income...... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Dividends paid--
$0.17 per
ordinary share.. -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
---------- -------- --------- ------- -------- -------- ------ -------- --------
Balance, December
31, 1997......... 24,090,335 139,724 1,796,217 10,418 (474,000) (9,500) 3,275 111,568 56,430
Shares issued
for exercise of
share options... 82,382 478 -- -- -- -- -- 159 --
Shares
repurchased
during the
year............ -- -- -- -- (132,800) (3,400) -- -- --
Deferred
compensation
expense......... -- -- -- -- -- -- 1,348 -- --
Net
appreciation.... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 27,336
Income tax
expense......... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (3,424)
Change during
the year........ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Net income...... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Dividends paid--
$0.23 per
ordinary share.. -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
---------- -------- --------- ------- -------- -------- ------ -------- --------
Balance, December
31, 1998......... 24,172,717 140,202 1,796,217 10,418 (606,800) (12,900) 4,623 111,727 80,342
Shares issued
for exercise of
share options... 175,475 1,017 -- -- -- -- -- 2,128 --
Shares
repurchased
during the
year............ -- -- -- -- (169,800) (3,887) -- -- --
Deferred
compensation
expense......... -- -- -- -- -- -- 2,941 -- --
Net
depreciation.... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (107,660)
Income tax
benefit......... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 23,369
Change during
the year........ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Net income...... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Dividends paid--
$0.24 per
ordinary share.. -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
---------- -------- --------- ------- -------- -------- ------ -------- --------
Balance, December
31, 1999......... 24,348,192 $141,219 1,796,217 $10,418 (776,600) $(16,787) $7,564 $113,855 $ (3,949)
========== ======== ========= ======= ======== ======== ====== ======== ========
Cumulative Total
Translation Retained Shareholders'
Adjustment Earnings Equity
----------- --------- -------------
Balance, January
1, 1997.......... $ 190 $100,821 $398,759
Shares issued
for exercise of
share options... -- -- 753
Shares
repurchased
during the
year............ -- -- (10,020)
Deferred
compensation
expense......... -- -- 3,644
Deferred
compensation
expense released
on exercise of
share options... -- -- (369)
Conversion of
"B" shares into
"A" shares...... -- -- --
Net
appreciation.... -- -- 24,210
Income tax
expense......... -- -- (4,051)
Change during
the year........ (78) -- (78)
Net income...... -- 73,410 73,410
Dividends paid--
$0.17 per
ordinary share.. -- (4,370) (4,370)
----------- --------- -------------
Balance, December
31, 1997......... 1 12 169,861 481,888
Shares issued
for exercise of
share options... -- -- 637
Shares
repurchased
during the
year............ -- -- (3,400)
Deferred
compensation
expense......... -- -- 1,348
Net
appreciation.... -- -- 27,336
Income tax
expense......... -- -- (3,424)
Change during
the year........ 46 -- 46
Net income...... -- 72,399 72,399
Dividends paid--
$0.23 per
ordinary share.. -- (5,968) (5,968)
----------- --------- -------------
Balance, December
31, 1998......... 158 236,292 570,862
Shares issued
for exercise of
share options... -- -- 3,145
Shares
repurchased
during the
year............ -- -- (3,887)
Deferred
compensation
expense......... -- -- 2,941
Net
depreciation.... -- -- (107,660)
Income tax
benefit......... -- -- 23,369
Change during
the year........ (3,631) -- (3,631)
Net income...... -- (34,974) (34,974)
Dividends paid--
$0.24 per
ordinary share.. -- (6,155) (6,155)
----------- --------- -------------
Balance, December
31, 1999......... $(3,473) $195,163 $444,010
=========== ========= =============
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands)
1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income.......................... $ (34,974) $ 72,399 $ 73,410
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash and cash equivalents provided by
operating activities:
Amortization of goodwill................... 4,089 781 642
Bad debt expenses.......................... 7,974 9,464 1,238
Realized net capital gains................. (26,879) (17,963) (15,333)
Stock option compensation expense.......... 2,941 1,348 3,208
Change in unpaid losses and loss adjustment
expenses.................................. 217,433 50,389 47,612
Change in unearned premiums and prepaid
reinsurance............................... 6,878 115,448 60,705
Change in insurance balances payable....... 29,912 (9,892) 4,965
Change in insurance balances receivable,
accrued premium income and reinsurance
recoverable on paid and unpaid losses..... (138,292) (97,303) (58,960)
Change in deferred acquisition costs....... 7,922 (31,227) (26,475)
Change in accrued investment income........ 2,407 (1,939) (1,510)
Change in current and deferred income
taxes..................................... (46,201) 896 (7,407)
Change in other assets and liabilities,
net....................................... (13,067) (16,508) (194)
--------- --------- ---------
Total adjustments........................ 55,117 3,494 8,491
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by
operating activities.................... 20,143 75,893 81,901
--------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds of fixed maturities matured....... 9,240 57,616 65,096
Proceeds of fixed maturities sold.......... 368,146 391,757 521,301
Proceeds of equity securities sold......... 174,530 140,564 215,732
Purchase of fixed maturities............... (347,337) (587,751) (665,228)
Purchase of equity securities.............. (177,057) (119,341) (175,307)
Acquisition of capacity at Octavian........ (6,314) (5,657) (639)
Payment consideration for Corifrance....... -- -- (42,225)
Acquisition expenses for Corifrance........ -- -- (461)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by
(used in) investing activities.......... 21,208 (122,812) (81,731)
--------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Stock repurchases.......................... (3,887) (3,400) (10,020)
Proceeds from public debt offerings........ -- 99,899 74,866
Payment of fees for financing public debt
offerings................................. -- (913) (1,179)
Redemption of public debt.................. -- (113,053) --
Proceeds from shares issued................ 3,145 637 384
Ordinary dividends paid to stockholders.... (6,155) (5,968) (4,370)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash and cash equivalents (provided
by) used in financing activities........ (6,897) (22,798) 59,681
--------- --------- ---------
Change in cash and cash equivalents.......... 34,454 (69,717) 59,851
Exchange on foreign currency cash balances... (50) 247 (531)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
year........................................ 40,394 109,864 50,544
--------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year..... $ 74,798 $ 40,394 $ 109,864
========= ========= =========
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow
information
Income taxes paid.......................... $ 3,506 $ 13,642 $ 23,001
--------- --------- ---------
Interest paid.............................. $ 12,400 $ 14,638 $ 10,750
========= ========= =========
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Organization
Terra Nova (Bermuda) Holdings Ltd. ("Bermuda Holdings") is incorporated in
Bermuda. All references here to the "Company" are to Bermuda Holdings and all
of its direct and indirect subsidiaries. These include Terra Nova Insurance
(U.K.) Holdings plc ("U.K. Holdings"), Terra Nova Insurance Company Limited
("Terra Nova"), Terra Nova (Bermuda) Insurance Company Ltd. ("Terra Nova
(Bermuda)"), Octavian Syndicate Management Limited ("Octavian"), Terra Nova
Capital Limited ("Terra Nova Capital") and Compagnie de Reassurance d'Ile de
France ("Corifrance").
The Company is a specialty property, casualty, marine and aviation insurance
and reinsurance company. It operates in the London market through its London
based subsidiary, Terra Nova, in the Continental European market through its
French subsidiary, Corifrance, in the Bermuda market through its Bermuda based
subsidiary, Terra Nova (Bermuda) and in the Lloyd's market through its London
based subsidiary, Terra Nova Capital. Writings originate worldwide. It writes
most insurance and reinsurance business through brokers authorized to place
business at Lloyd's. It also writes through non-Lloyd's brokers and with
individual ceding companies. The broker is regarded as the agent of the insured
or reinsured in placing the business. The Company also owns the business and
assets of Octavian, a Lloyd's managing agent, consisting of the rights to
manage certain Lloyd's syndicates (the "Octavian syndicates").
A managing agent is permitted by the Council of Lloyd's to perform, on
behalf of an underwriting member of any one of the syndicates which it manages,
one or more of the following functions:
(a) underwriting contracts of insurance at Lloyd's;
(b) obtaining reinsurance for such contracts in whole or in part;
(c) paying claims on such contracts.
Members of Lloyd's underwrite insurance risk at Lloyd's by being a member of
one or more Lloyd's syndicates. A syndicate has no separate legal identity and
is "managed" by a managing agent.
The standard Lloyd's contract between a managing agent and the members of a
syndicate managed by that agent, identifies the following services to be
provided by the managing agent on behalf of the members:
(a) determine underwriting policy and determine policy and effect
reinsurance;
(b) appoint and supervise the underwriter and associate underwriting,
claims, administrative and accounting staff;
(c) accept underwriting risks and settle and pay claims on behalf of the
syndicate;
(d) manage the investment of the monies and other assets held in each
syndicate;
(e) prepare and distribute annual reports, personal accounts and other
reports and documents as required by the Council of Lloyd's.
A managing agent charges an annual fee which will be complimented, in
profitable years, by a profit commission. The managing agent employs management
and underwriting staff, recharging the costs of employment and resourcing the
syndicate's activities to the syndicate and retaining costs incurred in respect
of the management functions.
The managing agent does not participate directly in the profit or loss on
underwriting of its syndicates. It is incentivized by earning a commission on
syndicate profits.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The managing agency manages but does not participate in its own syndicate
and has no liability under contracts of insurance. However, Terra Nova Capital,
a subsidiary of U.K. Holdings, is a corporate member of Lloyd's and a member of
each of the syndicates managed by Octavian. Terra Nova Capital therefore
participates in the underwriting results of the Octavian syndicates.
2. Basis of Preparation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the
basis of United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). All
material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
3. Significant Accounting Policies
(a) Investments and related income: Investments in fixed maturities and
equity securities are classified as available for sale and held with the
intention of selling such investments from time to time, and are carried at
fair value. Unrealized gains and losses, net of related deferred income taxes
and minority interests, are recorded in shareholders' equity. Realized gains
and losses are included in operations and determined by specific
identification. Investment income is recorded as earned.
(b) Cash and cash equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and
various short-term investments which have maturities when bought of 90 days or
less. Cash equivalents are stated at fair value which approximates cost.
(c) Premiums: Premiums are earned pro-rata over the term of the related
coverage. The balance of unearned premiums represents the portion of gross
written premiums relating to the unexpired terms of coverage.
(d) Octavian income and expenses: The Company recognizes its share of the
premiums, losses and expenses associated with its participation in Lloyd's
syndicates consistent with the bases used in its insurance company operations
and in accordance with GAAP. Agency income is earned and agency expenses
charged as incurred from Octavian's role as managing agent.
(e) Deferred acquisition costs: Acquisition costs, which represent net
commission and other expenses incurred in producing business, are deferred and
amortized over the period in which the related premiums are earned. Deferred
acquisition costs are limited to the amounts estimated as recoverable from the
applicable unearned premiums and the related expected investment income, after
giving effect to anticipated losses, loss adjustment expenses and expenses
necessary to maintain the contracts in force.
(f) Insurance balances receivable and reinsurance recoverable on paid and
unpaid losses: Receivable balances are stated net of allowances for doubtful
accounts. Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses represents the estimated
portion of such liabilities that will be recovered from reinsurers, determined
in a manner consistent with the related liabilities.
(g) Income taxes: Deferred income taxes are recorded on temporary
differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities
in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard ("SFAS") No. 109.
(h) Foreign currency translation: The U.S. dollar is the reporting currency
and principal functional currency, as most of the policies written are
denominated in U.S. dollars. Revenues and expenses in non-U.S. dollar
currencies are translated at the average rates of exchange. Monetary assets and
liabilities are translated at the rate of exchange in effect at the close of
the period. Non-monetary assets and liabilities, primarily deferred revenue and
expenses, are translated at historical rates of exchange. Gains or losses
resulting from non-U.S. dollar transactions are included in net income. Certain
other net translation adjustments are shown as a separate item of shareholders'
equity.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(i) Accrued premium income: Accrued premium income represents the difference
between the estimated cumulative ultimate gross written premiums and cumulative
billed premiums.
(j) Prepaid reinsurance premiums: Prepaid reinsurance premiums represent the
portion of premiums ceded to reinsurers applicable to the unexpired terms of
reinsurance contracts.
(k) Losses and loss adjustment expenses: Losses and loss adjustment expenses
are charged to income as incurred. The reserve for unpaid losses and loss
adjustment expenses represents estimates for reported losses, including
provisions for losses incurred but not reported ("IBNR"). The adequacy of these
estimates is assessed by reference to projections of the ultimate losses for
each accident year. The methods of determining such estimates and establishing
reserves are reviewed continually and updated. Resulting adjustments are
reflected in current operations.
(l) Stock-based compensation: The Company has adopted SFAS No.123
"Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation". As allowed under this standard, the
Company accounts for stock option grants in accordance with APB Opinion No. 25
"Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees".
Compensation expense for stock option grants is recognized to the extent
that the fair value of the stock exceeds the exercise price of the option at
the measurement date. Any resulting compensation expense is accrued over the
shorter of the vesting or service period.
Deferred compensation, recorded as a component of shareholders' equity,
represents options the Company expects to settle in stock.
(m) Risks and uncertainties: Information about risks and uncertainties
existing at the balance sheet date related to the following areas are included
in Notes 1, 3, 4, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 17:
--Nature of operations;
--Use of estimates in preparing financial statements;
--Certain significant estimates;
--Current vulnerability due to certain concentrations.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires
management to make estimates and assumptions. These affect the reported amounts
of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities
at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from
those estimates.
(n) Fair value of financial instruments: The following methods and
assumptions were used by the Company in estimating the fair value of the
financial instruments presented:
Investments: Fair values were based on quoted market prices. For securities
for which market prices were not readily available, fair values were estimated
using quoted market prices of comparable investments.
Long term debt: Fair value is based on quoted market price.
Other financial instruments: The carrying amounts approximate fair
value.
(o) Goodwill: The goodwill in the Company's balance sheet has been
calculated using the purchase method of accounting and is amortized on a
straight line basis over periods not exceeding 40 years.
(p) Reclassifications: Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to
conform with the current year presentation.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
4. Investments and Cash
(a) Deposits: Securities with a carrying value of $122,105,666 and
$103,731,433 at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively, were held in trust
for the benefit of the Company's U.S. cedents and to facilitate the Company's
accreditation as an alien reinsurer by certain States.
Cash and securities with a carrying value of $20,994,932 and $21,100,926 at
December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively, were held in trust for the benefit
of the Company's U.S. surplus lines policyholders.
Cash and securities with a carrying value of $49,607,415 and $50,929,708 at
December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively, were held in trust for the benefit
of the Company's Canadian cedents.
The Company has contingent liabilities regarding undrawn letters of credit
supporting certain reinsurance business written by the Company in the U.S. of
$97,420,004 and $106,105,003 at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. The
Company has deposited cash and investments with a carrying value of
$105,812,403 (including $812,403 of restricted cash) and $158,018,677
(including $1,018,677 of restricted cash) at December 31, 1999 and 1998,
respectively, as collateral against these amounts.
The Company has contingent liabilities regarding irrevocable undrawn
letters of credit of $246,886,653 and $248,212,339 supporting the Company's
underwriting activities on the Octavian syndicates at December 31, 1999 and
1998, respectively. The Company has deposited cash and investments with a
carrying value of $251,527,716 at December 31, 1999 and $250,553,300 at
December 31, 1998, respectively, as collateral to support this commitment.
Cash and securities with a carrying value of $202,931,000 and $149,076,000 at
December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively, were held in trust for the benefit
of the Octavian syndicates' policyholders.
(b) Net investment income: An analysis of the net investment income of the
Company is as follows:
Year ended December 31,
-------------------------
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
(dollars in thousands)
Fixed maturities..................................... $88,055 $86,899 $77,690
Equity securities.................................... 608 463 1,538
Cash and cash equivalents............................ 8,258 8,754 9,470
------- ------- -------
Total investment income.............................. 96,921 96,116 88,698
Investment expenses.................................. (3,092) (2,854) (3,568)
------- ------- -------
Net investment income.............................. $93,829 $93,262 $85,130
======= ======= =======
(c) Investment gains and losses: The realized net capital gains and changes
in net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments are summarized
below:
Year ended December 31,
---------------------------
1999 1998 1997
--------- ------- -------
(dollars in thousands)
Realized net capital gains on sale of investments:
Fixed maturities................................. $ (6,066) $ 8,854 $ 5,342
Equity securities................................ 32,945 9,109 9,991
--------- ------- -------
Realized net capital gains......................... 26,879 17,963 15,333
--------- ------- -------
Changes in net unrealized (depreciation)
appreciation:
Fixed maturities................................. (88,127) 30,691 17,291
Equity securities................................ (19,533) (3,355) 6,919
--------- ------- -------
Changes in net unrealized (depreciation)
appreciation...................................... (107,660) 27,336 24,210
--------- ------- -------
Realized net capital gains and change in net
unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of
investments....................................... $ (80,781) $45,299 $39,543
========= ======= =======
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Realized net capital gains on sale of fixed maturities for the years ended
December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, included gross capital gains of $5,754,000,
$9,420,000 and $9,600,000, and gross capital losses of $11,820,000, $566,000
and $4,258,000, respectively.
Proceeds from sales of investments in equity securities during 1999, 1998
and 1997, were $174,530,000, $140,564,000 and $215,732,000, respectively.
Realized net capital gains on sale of equity securities for the years ended
December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, included gross capital gains of $42,403,000,
$24,567,000 and $29,613,000 and gross capital losses of $9,458,000, $15,458,000
and $19,622,000, respectively.
Net unrealized appreciation of equities (before income tax) of the Company
at December 31, 1999, included gross unrealized appreciation of $12,894,000 and
gross unrealized depreciation of $1,329,000. Net unrealized appreciation of
equities of the Company at December 31, 1998, included gross unrealized
appreciation of $38,551,000 and gross unrealized depreciation of $7,453,000.
(d) Fixed maturities available for sale: At December 31, the amortized cost
and estimated fair value of investments in fixed maturities of the Company were
as follows:
Gross Gross Estimated
Amortized unrealized unrealized fair
cost appreciation depreciation value
---------- ------------ ------------ ----------
(dollars in thousands)
1999
U.S. government and agencies... $ 203,610 $ 2,501 $ (4,157) $ 201,954
Foreign governments and
agencies...................... 496,936 10,187 (9,703) 497,420
Mortgage backed and asset
backed........................ 108,093 1,053 (723) 108,423
Supranationals................. 106,521 933 (3,371) 104,083
Corporate...................... 406,728 3,045 (15,543) 394,230
---------- ------- -------- ----------
Total fixed maturities....... $1,321,888 $17,719 $(33,497) $1,306,110
========== ======= ======== ==========
Gross Gross Estimated
Amortized unrealized unrealized fair
cost appreciation depreciation value
---------- ------------ ------------ ----------
(dollars in thousands)
1998
U.S. government and agencies... $ 253,282 $18,920 $ (20) $ 272,182
Foreign governments and
agencies...................... 575,699 34,246 (220) 609,725
Mortgage backed and asset
backed........................ 50,945 1,558 (29) 52,474
Supranationals................. 121,945 7,142 -- 129,087
Corporate...................... 372,401 11,177 (425) 383,153
---------- ------- -------- ----------
Total fixed maturities....... $1,374,272 $73,043 $ (694) $1,446,621
========== ======= ======== ==========
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of the Company's fixed maturities
at December 31, 1999, by contractual maturity date, are shown in the following
table. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because
borrowers may have the right to call or repay certain obligations with or
without call or prepayment penalties.
Amortized
cost Fair value % of total
---------- ---------- ----------
(dollars in thousands)
Due in one year or less....................... $ 116,121 115,592 9%
Due after one year through five years......... 611,434 607,165 46
Due after five years through ten years........ 531,570 519,457 40
Due after ten years........................... 62,763 63,896 5
---------- ---------- ---
$1,321,888 $1,306,110 100%
========== ========== ===
Mortgage and asset backed securities which are not due at a single maturity
date have been allocated according to their expected final payment date as at
year-end.
(e) At December 31, 1999, the Company's portfolio by rating category,
determined by recognized rating agencies, was:
Estimated fair value
----------------------
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. government and agencies.... $201,954
U.K. government and agency...... 115,665
AAA............................. 472,009
AA.............................. 295,545
A............................... 135,775
BBB............................. 85,162
----------
$1,306,110
==========
(f) At December 31, 1999, the estimated fair value of the following
investments exceeded 10% of shareholders' equity:
Estimated fair value
----------------------
(dollars in thousands)
United States Treasury.......... $201,954
Government of Japan............. 84,089
Canadian Treasury............... 96,574
U.K. Treasury................... 115,665
(g) Equities available for sale: At December 31, 1999, the cost and
estimated fair value of investments in common stocks were as follows:
Estimated
fair
Cost value
------- ---------
(dollars in
thousands)
Public utilities........................................ $ 374 $ 408
Banks, trust and insurance companies.................... 13,198 14,694
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other................. 84,763 94,798
------- --------
Total equity securities............................... $98,335 $109,900
======= ========
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
5. Income Taxes
(a) The U.K. corporation tax rate applicable to ordinary income was reduced
to 31% from 33% on April 1, 1997, and to 30% from 31% on April 1, 1999. The
corporation tax rate in France was 41.67% for 1997 and 1998, and 40% for 1999.
The difference between the actual tax expense and the "expected" amount
calculated by applying the U.K. corporation tax rate is explained as follows:
Year ended December 31,
--------------------------
1999 1998 1997
-------- ------- -------
(dollars in thousands)
"Expected" tax (benefit) expense............... $(21,962) $31,391 $28,680
Adjustments:
Non-taxable income........................... (16,878) (15,042) (10,004)
Other........................................ 1,212 872 (1,037)
-------- ------- -------
Actual tax (benefit) expense................... $(37,628) $17,221 $17,639
======== ======= =======
(b) The components of income tax (benefit) expense attributable to
continuing operations are as follows:
Year ended December 31,
--------------------------
(dollars in thousands)
1999 1998 1997
-------- ------- -------
Current U.K. corporation tax................... $ (7,644) $ 2,789 $10,743
Current French corporation tax................. (160) 1,310 --
Deferred tax................................... (29,824) 13,122 6,896
-------- ------- -------
Income tax................................... $(37,628) $17,221 $17,639
======== ======= =======
(c) Deferred tax liabilities and assets are provided for expected future
tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the consolidated
financial statements or tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred
tax liabilities and assets is based on the difference between the financial
statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted rates in
effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse.
Measurement of a deferred tax asset, if any, is subject to the expectation of
future realization. The components of net deferred tax asset (liability) of
the Company as at December 31, 1999 and 1998, were as follows:
1999 1998
------- --------
(dollars in
thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Unrealized depreciation of investments............... $ 4,402 $ 321
Operating losses and other........................... 30,977 318
------- --------
Total deferred tax assets.......................... 35,379 639
------- --------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Unrealized appreciation of investments............... (80) (11,718)
Other................................................ (3,479) (16,371)
------- --------
Total deferred tax liabilities..................... (3,559) (28,089)
------- --------
Net deferred tax asset (liability)..................... $31,820 $(27,450)
======= ========
(d) Under current Bermuda law, Terra Nova (Bermuda) and Bermuda Holdings
are not required to pay any taxes in Bermuda on either income or capital
gains. Terra Nova (Bermuda) and Bermuda Holdings have received an undertaking
from the Minister of Finance in Bermuda that in the event of any such taxes
being imposed, they will be exempted from such taxation until the year 2016.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(e) The Company does not consider itself to be engaged in trade or business
in the U.S. and so does not expect to be subject to U.S. income taxation.
6. Deferred Acquisition Costs
The following reflects the acquisition costs deferred for amortization
against future income and the amortization charged to income, including amounts
deferred and amortized in the same period:
Year ended December 31,
--------------------------
1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- --------
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of year.................. $107,607 $ 76,380 $ 45,279
-------- -------- --------
Acquisition costs deferred
Commissions................................. 161,737 151,371 119,610
Other....................................... 71,175 40,236 26,918
-------- -------- --------
232,912 191,607 146,528
-------- -------- --------
Amortization charged to income
Commissions................................. 171,536 126,239 92,713
Other....................................... 69,300 34,141 22,714
-------- -------- --------
240,836 160,380 115,427
-------- -------- --------
Balance at end of year........................ $ 99,683 $107,607 $ 76,380
======== ======== ========
7. Employee Benefits
Terra Nova operates a defined benefit pension plan ("Terra Nova Plan")
covering all employees (except those in Canada and Belgium) over 20 years old
who meet the eligibility conditions set out in the plan document. The cost of
providing pensions for employees is charged to earnings over the average
working life of employees according to the recommendations of qualified
actuaries. Annual funding requirements are determined based on the projected
unit credit cost method, which attributes a pro rata portion of the total
projected benefit payable at normal retirement to each year of credited
service. Final benefits are based on the employee's years of credited service
and the higher of pensionable compensation received in the calendar year
preceding retirement or the best average pensionable compensation received in
any three consecutive years in the ten years preceding retirement.
Mandatory employee contributions to the Terra Nova Plan ceased in 1988.
There are no present plans to reintroduce such contributions. Employees may
elect to make voluntary contributions to supplement their pension benefits when
payable.
Terra Nova provides pension and related benefits for the employees of its
branch office in Canada and its former branch office in Belgium. Benefit plans
are in line with local market terms and conditions of employment and are
generally costed to be within 10% of basic salaries of the participating
employees. Neither of the plans is a defined benefit plan. The Company has
adopted, for its Bermuda employees, a similar policy on pension and related
benefits and has negotiated for a plan on the same cost basis.
Terra Nova maintains a supplemental pension plan which provides pension
benefits for nominated employees above amounts allowed under tax qualified
plans, through a funded money purchase plan.
Octavian provides certain of its employees with one of two defined benefit
pension schemes run in conjunction with the Lloyd's Superannuation Scheme
("Octavian Plan"). The Octavian Plan is similar in operation to the Terra Nova
Plan though the benefit structure differs.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Octavian provides a defined contribution plan for nominated employees and
directors. The annual contribution rate for employees is 15% of annual
pensionable salary and, for directors and certain senior underwriters, is 25%
of annual pensionable salary.
Corifrance provides two defined contribution plans for its managers and all
other employees. The annual contribution rate for managers is 5.66% of
pensionable salary and, for employees, is 1.43% of pensionable salary.
The total cost of the Company's defined contribution plans for the year was
$3,121,304 (1998: $2,351,000).
The following tables set out the funded status of all defined benefit plans
for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, and the amounts
recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of the Company at
December 31, 1999 and 1998:
Year ended December
31,
-----------------------
1999 1998 1997
------ ------ -------
(dollars in
thousands)
Component of net periodic benefit costs:
Service cost.................................... $3,209 $2,692 $ 2,612
Interest cost................................... 2,429 2,973 3,153
Expected return on plan assets.................. (4,234) (4,787) (4,274)
Amortization of transition obligation........... (92) (94) (100)
Recognized net actuarial gain................... -- (192) --
------ ------ -------
Net periodic benefit cost..................... $1,312 $ 592 $ 1,391
====== ====== =======
1999 1998
------- -------
(dollars in
thousands)
Change in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year................ $54,064 $40,386
Service cost........................................... 3,209 2,692
Interest cost.......................................... 2,429 2,973
Benefits paid.......................................... (727) (587)
Actuarial (gain) loss.................................. (10,720) 8,602
------- -------
Benefit obligation at end of year.................... 48,255 54,066
------- -------
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year......... 59,057 50,161
Actual return on plan assets........................... 8,365 7,490
Employer contribution.................................. 1,412 1,993
Benefits paid.......................................... (727) (587)
------- -------
Fair value of plan assets at end of year............. 68,107 59,057
------- -------
Funded status............................................ 19,852 4,991
Unrecognized net actuarial gain........................ (14,491) --
Unrecognized transition obligation..................... (369) --
------- -------
Prepaid benefit cost................................. $ 4,992 $ 4,991
======= =======
Weighted-average assumptions as of December 31
Discount rate.......................................... 6.25% 5.50%
Expected return on plan assets......................... 8.00% 8.00%
Rate of compensation increase.......................... 5.00% 4.50%
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
8. Earnings Per Share
The following EPS have been calculated using SFAS No.128 "Earnings per
Share":
1999 1998 1997
---------- ---------- ----------
(dollars in thousands
except per share amounts)
(Loss) income available to common
shareholders............................... $ (34,974) $ 72,399 $ 73,410
---------- ---------- ----------
Weighted average number of shares
outstanding
Common shares............................. 25,306,576 25,449,091 25,586,648
---------- ---------- ----------
Basic EPS................................. $ (1.38) $ 2.84 $ 2.87
========== ========== ==========
(Loss) income available to common
shareholders............................... $ (34,974) $ 72,399 $ 73,410
---------- ---------- ----------
Weighted average number of shares
outstanding
Common shares............................. 25,306,576 25,449,091 25,586,648
Add: Dilutive effect of shares arising
from options............................. -- 654,445 406,643
---------- ---------- ----------
Adjusted weighted average number of shares
outstanding................................ 25,306,576 26,103,536 25,993,291
---------- ---------- ----------
Diluted EPS............................... $ (1.38) $ 2.77 $ 2.82
========== ========== ==========
9. Share Capital
The "A" ordinary shares and "B" ordinary shares rank pari passu in right to
receive dividends.
Each "B" ordinary share at the Company is convertible at the choice of the
holder into an "A" ordinary share without payment or adjustment for accrued
dividends.
During 1999, the Company issued 175,475 ordinary shares to satisfy options
exercised under the Company's stock option plan (see Note 10). Also during the
year, the Company repurchased 169,800 shares at a total cost of $3,880,226,
excluding commissions. As at December 31, 1999, the Company had purchased a
total of 802,600 shares at a total cost of $17,275,896, leaving a further
$2,724,104 available for future repurchases under the Board of Directors'
authorization, dated May 5, 1997. On May 5, 1999, the Board of Directors
authorized the repurchase of an additional $25,000,000 of the Company's common
stock. The shares are held in trust for the satisfaction of employees' and
directors' long-term compensation plans and any other corporate purposes.
10. Share Options and Awards
At December 31, 1999, the Company had various stock-based compensation plans
which are described below. The Company applies APB Opinion No. 25 and related
interpretations in accounting for its plans. Compensation expense of $2,941,000
has been charged against income for 1999 (1998: $1,348,000).
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The net income and earnings per share would have been reduced to the pro
forma amounts indicated below had compensation expense been determined using
the fair value methodology of SFAS No.123:
1999 1998 1997
-------- ------- -------
(dollars in thousands
except per share
amounts)
Net (loss) income:
As reported................................... $(34,974) $72,399 $73,410
-------- ------- -------
Pro forma..................................... $(35,039) $70,417 $73,352
-------- ------- -------
Basic (losses) earnings per share:
As reported................................... $ (1.38) $ 2.84 $ 2.87
-------- ------- -------
Pro forma..................................... $ (1.38) $ 2.77 $ 2.87
======== ======= =======
The assumptions made in calculating the pro forma amounts for the three
years above were: risk free rate of return, 5.05%; volatility, 0.37; dividend
yield, 0.47%; and expected life, 4 years.
On January 9, 1995, the Company adopted an Executive Share Option Plan (the
"Stock Option Plan"). Amendments to the Stock Option Plan were adopted by the
Company on May 4, 1998. The Stock Option Plan provides for the grant to
eligible employees of options to buy Class A ordinary shares of the Company
(the "Option Shares"). The aggregate number of Option Shares issued and Option
Shares for which an option may be granted is limited to 15% of the aggregate
number of common shares of the Company outstanding. The options are only
exercisable on certain specified events occurring and will expire no later than
10 years after the date granted. The Stock Option Plan is administered by the
Board of Directors of the Company, which decides which employees are granted
options.
At December 31, 1999, there were 45,000 options outstanding under the
Executive Share Option Plan, all of which were only exercisable on the
achievement of certain performance objectives and therefore have been accounted
for as variable options under APB No. 25. The performance objectives were not
met and subsequently all 45,000 options lapsed. No compensation expense was
incurred in respect of the 45,000 options in 1999. The remaining 1,906,686
options have been accounted for as fixed options in accordance with paragraph
10(b) of APB No. 25 as the number of options and option price were known at the
date of grant.
A summary of the Company's Stock Option Plan at December 31, 1999, and
changes during the three years then ended is presented below:
Weighted-
average
Shares exercise price
--------- --------------
Fixed options
Outstanding at January 1, 1997................. 816,544 $ 7.93
Granted...................................... 1,059,150 24.02
Exercised.................................... (61,986) 6.19
Forfeited.................................... (21,098) 10.31
--------- ------
Outstanding at January 1, 1998................. 1,792,610 17.47
Granted...................................... 188,900 25.75
Exercised.................................... (82,382) 7.72
Forfeited.................................... (22,824) 13.72
--------- ------
Outstanding at January 1, 1999................. 1,876,304 18.78
Granted...................................... 339,000 23.65
Exercised.................................... (175,475) 17.93
Forfeited.................................... (88,143) 20.30
--------- ------
Outstanding at December 31, 1999............... 1,951,686 $20.01
========= ======
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
At December 31, 1999, the outstanding Option Shares under the Stock Option
Plan had exercise prices between $5.80 and $27.05 and a weighted-average
remaining contractual life of 6.00 years.
Options outstanding and options exercisable at December 31, 1999, are
summarized as follows:
Options outstanding Options exercisable
-------------------------------------------- --------------------------
Range of Weighted Weighted Weighted
exercise Number average remaining average Number Average
prices outstanding contractual life exercise price Exercisable Exercise price
- ----------- ----------- ----------------- -------------- ----------- --------------
$ 5.01-10.00 424,579 4.97 $ 6.45 421,579 $ 6.45
10.01-15.00 88,166 4.19 12.80 70,990 12.80
15.01-20.00 241,749 5.53 18.91 99,409 18.73
20.01-25.00 369,400 7.14 23.59 22,000 23.19
25.01-30.00 827,792 6.35 26.45 342,962 26.40
----------- -----------
1,951,686 956,940
=========== ===========
Options
exercisable
at
December
31, 1998 909,515
Options
exercisable
at
December
31, 1997 581,986
The Company established the Octavian Stock Option Plan in 1996. It provides
for the grant of options to certain individual members of management of
Octavian based on profit commissions receivable by Octavian for the 1996 to
2000 years of account. Under the Octavian Stock Option Plan, such members of
management will receive annual option grants to purchase a number of shares
equal in the aggregate to: (i) 90% of the profit commission received by
Octavian from the Octavian syndicates (less related underwriters' and
management bonuses and corporate taxes) for each year of account (the "Profit
Commission Component"): divided by (ii) the fully diluted net asset value (as
defined in the Octavian Stock Option Plan) per ordinary share of the Company as
at the end of the applicable year of account. The aggregate Profit Commission
Component for the 1996 to 2000 years of account is subject to a maximum of
(Pounds)10 million ($16 million) and no further options shall be issued once
such maximum has been reached. The options are to be issued on receiving the
profit commissions on closure of each year of account under applicable Lloyd's
regulations, which currently are 1999 to 2003 for each of the years 1996 to
2000, respectively. The options have a nominal exercise price and become
exercisable from the January next succeeding the date of grant, beginning
January 1, 2000, except that all options issued after January 1, 2002 become
immediately exercisable.
The Octavian Plan is a variable plan for accounting purposes. The accounting
follows paragraphs 27 and 28 of APB Opinion No.25. Estimates of compensation
cost are recorded before the measurement date based on the quoted market price
of Terra Nova stock at intervening dates and Terra Nova's estimate as of such
dates of shares which will be issued under the plan.
The compensation expense is recognized over the three year service period
which represents the period over which the profit commission for each year of
account is earned.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
A summary of the Octavian Stock Option Plan at December 31, 1999, and
changes during the three years then ended is shown below:
Weighted-
average
Performance-based options Shares exercise price
------------------------- ------- --------------
Outstanding at January 1, 1997.................... 29,849 0.00
Reserved for grant.............................. 66,648 0.00
Exercised....................................... -- --
Forfeited....................................... -- --
------- ----
Outstanding at January 1, 1998.................... 96,497 0.00
Reserved for grant.............................. 117,661 0.00
Exercised....................................... -- --
Forfeited....................................... -- --
------- ----
Outstanding at January 1, 1999.................... 214,158 0.00
Reserved for grant.............................. 50,123 0.00
Exercised....................................... -- --
Forfeited....................................... (1,215) 0.00
------- ----
Outstanding at December 31, 1999.................. 263,066 0.00
======= ====
Options exercisable at December 31, 1999........ Nil.
Options exercisable at December 31, 1998 and
1997........................................... Nil.
At December 31, 1999, the 263,066 options outstanding under the Octavian
Stock Option Plan all had exercise prices of $nil and a weighted-average
remaining contractual life of 6.82 years.
The weighted average fair value per share of options granted in the
Company's stock-based compensation plans during 1999 was $10.20 (1998: $13.32;
1997: $8.15).
11. Reinsurance
In the ordinary course of business, the Company cedes reinsurance to other
insurance companies. Ceded reinsurance arrangements provide greater
diversification of business and limit the net loss potential arising from large
risks. Certain of these arrangements consist of excess of loss contracts which
protect against losses over stipulated amounts. Reinsurance is effected under
reinsurance treaties and by negotiation on individual risks.
The current reinsurance protections mainly consist of non-proportional
excess of loss reinsurance with the balance being proportional and facultative
reinsurance. Specific excess of loss reinsurance is purchased for marine and
aviation and non-marine business. Availability of reinsurance at reasonable
cost and under favorable terms is one of the key determinants in the decision
about which categories of business to emphasize at any given time.
A credit risk exists with reinsurance ceded to the extent that any reinsurer
is unable to meet the obligations assumed under the reinsurance arrangements.
As is customary in the London Market, collateral is not generally obtained from
reinsurers. Reinsurance contracts do not relieve the ceding company from its
obligations to policyholders. Failure of reinsurers to honor their obligations
could result in losses; so allowances are established for amounts thought
uncollectible. The Company evaluates the financial condition of its reinsurers
and monitors concentrations of credit risk arising from its exposure to
individual reinsurers.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The Company cedes reinsurance to and assumes reinsurance from Lloyd's
syndicates. At December 31, 1999, the aggregate exposure in respect of
reinsurance ceded to Lloyd's syndicates in respect of continuing operations,
including estimated reinsurance recoveries for losses incurred but not
reported, was approximately $106,542,000. The majority was ceded into Equitas
with effect from September 4, 1996. Equitas is a company with limited liability
established by the Lloyd's syndicates. Therefore, ultimate recoveries under the
reinsurance contracts ceded into Equitas will be dependent on Equitas being
able to fulfil its commitment to the syndicates. No specific bad debt provision
has been established for amounts due from Lloyd's syndicates.
(a) Net written premiums are comprised of the following:
Year ended December 31,
------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- --------
(dollars in thousands)
Direct business............................ $ 601,419 $ 407,841 $269,577
Reinsurance assumed........................ 263,514 351,547 280,666
Reinsurance ceded.......................... (246,487) (113,191) (66,698)
--------- --------- --------
Net written premiums..................... $ 618,446 $ 646,197 $483,545
========= ========= ========
(b) Net earned premiums are comprised of the following:
Year ended December 31,
-----------------------------
1999 1998 1997
--------- -------- --------
(dollars in thousands)
Direct business............................. $ 495,339 $318,213 $209,414
Reinsurance assumed......................... 310,384 317,499 260,603
Reinsurance ceded........................... (220,442) (88,804) (50,948)
--------- -------- --------
Net earned premiums....................... $ 585,281 $546,908 $419,069
========= ======== ========
(c) Losses and loss adjustment expenses, net, are comprised of the
following:
Year ended December 31,
-----------------------------
1999 1998 1997
--------- -------- --------
(dollars in thousands)
Losses and loss adjustment expenses,
gross.................................... $ 752,497 $448,066 $329,463
Reinsurance ceded......................... (261,256) (88,499) (46,983)
--------- -------- --------
Losses and loss adjustment expenses,
net.................................... $ 491,243 $359,567 $282,480
========= ======== ========
12. Unpaid Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses
Management believes that its reserves for losses and loss adjustment
expenses are adequate. Significant delays occur in notifying certain claims and
a large measure of experience and judgment is involved in assessing outstanding
liabilities, the ultimate cost of which cannot be known with certainty at the
balance sheet date. The reserve for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses
is determined on the basis of information currently available. However, it is
inherent in the nature of the business written that the ultimate liabilities
may vary as a result of subsequent development.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Movement in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses for the years ended
December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, is summarized in the table below. Incurred
claims relating to prior years are offset by decreases to prior year net
written and net earned premiums less related acquisition costs of $27,300,000,
$9,757,000 and $4,800,000 for 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively. When these
revisions to prior written and earned premiums are considered, the Company
experienced net prior year improvements of $17,210,000, $15,207,000 and
$5,596,000 in 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The majority of the movement
in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses attributable to prior years was
in relation to Terra Nova's casualty business. The casualty movements arose
from the favorable settlements during these financial years in respect of
various casualty contracts. The favorable casualty movements in the 1999
financial year were partially offset by deficiencies on the Company's property,
motor and aviation classes as a result of claims experience being worse than
expected on certain contracts. The majority of these contracts were in respect
of the 1998 accident year.
1999 1998 1997
---------- ---------- ----------
(dollars in thousands)
Reserves for unpaid losses and loss
adjustment
expenses, at beginning of year........... $1,209,003 $1,157,724 $1,078,108
Less: reinsurance recoverables on unpaid
losses................................. (226,098) (246,728) (254,129)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net balance at beginning of year.......... 982,905 910,996 823,979
---------- ---------- ----------
Net incurred losses and loss adjustment
expenses related to:
Current year............................ 535,753 384,531 292,876
Prior years............................. (44,510) (24,964) (10,396)
---------- ---------- ----------
Total net incurred losses and loss
adjustment expenses...................... 491,243 359,567 282,480
---------- ---------- ----------
Net paid losses and loss adjustment
expenses related to:
Current year............................ (179,844) (138,918) (69,685)
Prior years............................. (245,323) (187,559) (145,702)
---------- ---------- ----------
Total net paid losses and loss adjustment
expenses................................. (425,167) (326,477) (215,387)
Foreign exchange adjustment............... (18,753) (5,169) (10,967)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net balance at end of year................ 1,030,228 938,917 880,105
Net reserves from reinsurance to close.. 33,257 43,988 -- (1)
Net reserves from Corifrance
acquisition............................ -- -- 30,891
---------- ---------- ----------
Net reserves at end of year............... 1,063,485 982,905 910,996
Plus reinsurance recoverables:
The Company............................. 346,483 226,098 236,847
Reinsurance recoverables related to net
reserves from
Corifrance acquisition................. -- -- 9,881
---------- ---------- ----------
Reinsurance recoverable by the Company.... 346,483 226,098 246,728
---------- ---------- ----------
Reserves for unpaid losses and loss
adjustment
expenses, at end of year................. $1,409,968 $1,209,003 $1,157,724
========== ========== ==========
- --------
(1) The net reserves from the reinsurance to close of the 1995 year, of
$17,910,000, have been included in net incurred losses and loss adjustment
expenses for the year ended December 31, 1997. The premiums of $17,910,000
in respect of these losses were included in gross written and net earned
premiums in 1997. The reinsurance to close reserves represent a
retrospectively rated reinsurance contract in respect of an outstanding
claims portfolio from the closing year of account of a Lloyd's syndicate.
(The reinsurance to close occurs at the end of the third year of a Lloyd's
underwriting year.)
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
In the 1997 financial year, the reinsurance to close premium for the 1995
year of account of $17,910,000 and losses associated with this premium of
$17,910,000 were included in the revenue statement in accordance with the
current recommended accounting practice in the London Market. In the 1999 and
1998 financial years, following further deliberation by management on the
appropriate U.S. GAAP accounting treatment, the reinsurance to close premium
for the 1997 and 1996 years of account of $33,257,000 and $43,988,000 were
included as an asset in the balance sheet and the liabilities of $33,257,000
and $43,988,000 associated with this asset were included in unpaid losses in
the balance sheet. There was no impact to net income within 1999 and 1998 as a
consequence of this change in the Company's practice.
Management has considered environmental and latent injury claims and claims
expenses in establishing the Company's reserve for unpaid losses and loss
adjustment expenses. The Company continues to be advised of claims asserting
injuries from hazardous materials and alleged damages to cover various clean-up
costs affecting policies written in prior years. Coverage and claim settlement
issues, such as determining that coverage exists and defining an occurrence,
may cause the actual loss development to show more variation than the rest of
the Company's book of business. Traditional reserving techniques cannot be used
to estimate asbestos-related and environmental pollution claims and so the
uncertainty about the ultimate cost of these types of claims is greater than
the uncertainty relating to standard lines of business. The Company believes it
has made reasonable provisions for claims, although the ultimate liability may
be more or less than held reserves. The Company believes that future losses
associated with these claims will not have a material adverse effect on its
financial position. Still, there is no assurance that such losses will not
materially affect the Company's results of operations for any period.
Management is not able to estimate the additional loss, or range of loss, that
is reasonably possible.
The following table presents selected data on asbestos-related and
environmental pollution losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred and
reserves outstanding, net of amounts recoverable from reinsurers:
Asbestos-related Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred and Reserves
Outstanding
(net of reinsurance)
Year ended December 31,
-------------------------
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
(dollars in thousands)
Reserves for unpaid losses and loss
adjustment expenses, at beginning of year... $75,338 $58,755 $58,400
Incurred losses and loss adjustment
expenses.................................... 3,622 17,721 2,808
Paid losses and loss adjustment expenses..... (4,469) (1,138) (2,453)
------- ------- -------
Reserves for unpaid losses and loss
adjustment
expenses, at end of year.................... $74,491 $75,338 $58,755
======= ======= =======
Environmental Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred and Reserves
Outstanding
(net of reinsurance)
Year ended December 31,
-------------------------
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
(dollars in thousands)
Reserves for unpaid losses and loss
adjustment expenses, at beginning of year... $20,552 $30,342 $33,900
Incurred losses and loss adjustment
expenses.................................... (3,759) (8,505) (2,032)
Paid losses and loss adjustment expenses..... (1,007) (1,285) (1,526)
------- ------- -------
Reserves for unpaid losses and loss
adjustment
expenses, at end of year.................... $15,786 $20,552 $30,342
======= ======= =======
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The reinsurance recoverables netted against the asbestos-related and
environmental pollution loss reserves for each of the years 1999, 1998 and
1997, are as follows:
1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- --------
(dollars in thousands)
Gross reserves.............................. $128,192 $129,166 $111,805
Reinsurance recoverables.................... (37,915) (33,276) (22,708)
-------- -------- --------
Net reserves.............................. $ 90,277 $ 95,890 $ 89,097
======== ======== ========
The incurred asbestos and pollution losses in 1999 reflect better than
expected loss development patterns during the year. In 1998, Terra Nova had
reallocated general IBNR specifically to cover asbestos-related claims.
13. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Insurance balances receivable and reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid
losses are stated after deduction of an allowance for doubtful accounts at
December 31, 1999 and 1998, of $46,440,000 and $38,823,000, respectively.
Doubtful accounts against which provisions of $880,000 had previously been made
were written off during 1999. The charge to doubtful accounts was $8,497,000,
$9,464,000 and $1,238,000 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997,
respectively. The charge in 1999 was primarily in connection with the Company
establishing a bad debt provision in respect of New Cap Reinsurance Corporation
and Reinsurance Australia Corporation which got into financial difficulties
during 1999. The charge in 1998 included $5,558,000 in respect of the provision
which had previously been included in unpaid losses and was transferred to the
bad debt provision during 1998 due to additional information received by the
Company in the year. The transfer of $5,558,000 concerned an insolvent
reinsurer. Prior to December 31, 1998, the liability of $5,558,000 was included
in unpaid losses while the reinsurance recovery of $5,558,000 was included in
reinsurance recoveries on unpaid losses as an asset. At December 31,1998, the
liability previously in unpaid losses was reclassified as a bad debt and
deducted from reinsurance recoveries on unpaid losses. This balance sheet
reclassification had no effect on net income.
14. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
(a) The Company is involved regularly, directly or indirectly, in litigation
in the ordinary course of conducting insurance and reinsurance business. In
some cases, plaintiffs seek to establish coverage for liability under
environmental protection laws. While the nature and extent of insurance and
reinsurance coverage for environmental liability has widened since 1980, there
has been no final judgment which would result in the wholesale transfer of
environmental liability from insureds to insurers and reinsurers. In
management's opinion, none of these cases, individually or collectively, is
likely to result in judgments for amounts which, net of loss and loss
adjustment expense liabilities previously established and reinsurance
recoverables which management believes are probable of realization, would have
a material effect on the financial position of the Company. However, there is
no assurance that such losses will not materially affect the Company's results
of operations for any period.
(b) Terra Nova is a shareholder of LUC Holdings Limited ("LUCH") (formerly
Market Building Limited). LUCH is a joint venture/consortium company formed to
establish and operate, through a subsidiary company, the London Underwriting
Centre ("LUC") as a trading center for companies operating in the London
Insurance Market. LUC provides a range of facilities to its tenants appropriate
to a trading center. All shareholders, including Terra Nova, have given
guarantees in favor of The Prudential Insurance Company Limited and the Royal
Bank of Scotland (Industrial Leasing) Limited for leases granted to Market
Building Limited in connection with the development of the LUC. The guarantee
is unlimited. The fire that occurred in August 1991, during fitting out the new
LUC resulted in a shortfall of annual rental income and the possibility
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
of further shortfalls in the future. Each year, Terra Nova charges its share of
the expense necessary to maintain the LUC as a trading center.
(c) The Company entered into various lease agreements for office space.
Certain leases have options permitting renewals for additional periods. As well
as minimum fixed rentals, certain leases contain escalation clauses related to
the cost of living in future years. The future minimum aggregate rental
commitments for office space at December 31, 1999, under non-cancelable
operating leases are as follows:
(dollars in thousands)
----------------------
2000............................ $ 3,784
2001............................ 2,100
2002............................ 1,164
2003............................ 1,001
2004............................ 751
2005 and later years............ 1,934
-------
$10,734
=======
Rental expense on property leases of $4,467,000, $4,246,000 and $4,102,000
was incurred for the periods to December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
15. Extraordinary Charge Arising on Extinguishment of Debt
An extraordinary charge of $11.6 million arose during the second quarter of
1998 as a result of U.K. Holdings extinguishing all of its $100 million 10.75%
Senior Notes due 2005 (the "Senior Notes"). The charge was net of a $5.2
million income tax benefit.
The Senior Notes were extinguished as follows:
(a) On April 1, 1998, U.K. Holdings repurchased $4.5 million of the
Senior Notes for consideration of $5.2 million, including accrued interest.
(b) On May 18, 1998, U.K. Holdings completed a cash tender for the
remaining $95.5 million of the Senior Notes for consideration of $111.9
million, including accrued interest.
The extraordinary charge has been recognized in the period of extinguishment
under SFAS No.125 "Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets
and Extinguishments of Liabilities".
16. Long-Term Debt
The Company's total outstanding consolidated indebtedness at December 31,
1999, was made up of $100 million of 7.0% Senior Notes due 2008, issued in
1998, and $75 million 7.2% Senior Notes due 2007, issued in 1997. The estimated
fair value of these Senior Notes at December 31, 1999, was $162.8 million,
comprising $92.0 million of 7.0% Senior Notes due 2008 and $70.8 million of
7.2% Senior Notes due 2007.
The Senior Notes were issued by U.K. Holdings and are guaranteed fully and
unconditionally by Bermuda Holdings. The Senior Notes may be redeemed at any
time at the option of U.K. Holdings at a redemption price equal to the sum of:
(i) the principal amount of the Senior Notes being redeemed plus accrued
interest to the redemption date; and (ii) the make-whole amount, if any.
The purpose of the make-whole amount payment is to compensate the holder for
the lost interest payments that it would otherwise receive had the Senior Notes
not been redeemed. Thus, the make-whole amount is the
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
difference between "x', the sum of the present values of the principal amount
of such Senior Notes together with scheduled interest payments, in each case
discounted at an adjusted treasury rate to the redemption date, and "y', the
principal amount of such Senior Notes to be redeemed.
The indenture governing the Senior Notes contains various covenants. Under
certain circumstances, these covenants limit among other things, mergers and
asset sales, indebtedness, dividends on and redemption of capital stock, the
use of proceeds from asset dispositions, liens, sales of capital stock of
Bermuda Holdings' principal insurance subsidiaries, encumbrances on the payment
of dividends and other payments by subsidiaries, transactions with affiliates,
issuance of preferred stock by subsidiaries, issuance of guarantees,
investments and certain business activities. The indenture also contains
customary events of default, including payment defaults, covenant defaults,
defaults in respect of other indebtedness, certain judgments and bankruptcy.
17. Aviation Business in Run-Off
In 1992, Terra Nova's directors decided to cease writing aviation business.
Since the acquisition of Terra Nova by the Company in 1994, any charges or
credits arising from changes in estimates are recorded in continuing operations
of the Company. Included within other liabilities in the Company's balance
sheet is $20,497,000 (1998: $23,197,000) relating to net liabilities of
aviation business in run-off.
18. Ownership and Related Party Transactions
Fees of $750,000, $838,750 and $487,500 were paid to Donaldson, Lufkin and
Jenrette, a related party, who is a significant shareholder, in 1999, 1998 and
1997, respectively. The fees related to the merger between the Company and
Markel Corporation in 1999 and the issue of the Senior Notes in 1998 and 1997.
19. Segment Information
The Company's core operations are conducted through four reportable
segments: Terra Nova, Terra Nova (Bermuda), Terra Nova Capital and Corifrance.
The segments are strategic business units that operate in different markets.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in
the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company evaluates
performance based on profit or loss from operations before income taxes and
extraordinary items. Inter-segment revenues are eliminated from segmental
reporting, such that the segmental revenues are consistent with the Company's
consolidated financial statements.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The following tables summarize the operations and assets of the four
segments for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997:
1999
-------------------------------------------------------
Terra Nova Terra Nova
Terra Nova (Bermuda) Capital Corifrance Total
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(dollars in thousands)
Net earned premiums..... $ 227,694 $ 39,494 $303,271 $ 14,822 $ 585,281
---------- -------- -------- -------- ----------
Segment (loss) profit... (479) 68,869 (107,856) 733 (37,733)
---------- -------- -------- -------- ----------
Segment assets.......... 1,188,042 563,974 715,584 93,221 2,560,821
---------- -------- -------- -------- ----------
1998
-------------------------------------------------------
Terra Nova Terra Nova
Terra Nova (Bermuda) Capital Corifrance Total
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(dollars in thousands)
Net earned premiums..... $ 252,714 $ 78,061 $199,506 $ 16,627 $ 546,908
---------- -------- -------- -------- ----------
Segment profit (loss)... 61,304 49,304 (6,810) 6,625 110,423
---------- -------- -------- -------- ----------
Segment assets.......... 1,387,178 753,947 432,281 98,272 2,671,678
---------- -------- -------- -------- ----------
1997
-------------------------------------------------------
Terra Nova Terra Nova
Terra Nova (Bermuda) Capital Corifrance Total
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(dollars in thousands)
Net earned premiums..... $ 256,306 $ 42,985 $107,978 $ 11,800 $ 419,069
---------- -------- -------- -------- ----------
Segment profit (loss)... 64,722 34,566 (1,017) 2,706 100,977
---------- -------- -------- -------- ----------
Segment assets.......... 1,438,198 559,526 218,468 110,913 2,327,105
---------- -------- -------- -------- ----------
The Company has changed its basis of segmentation from that used in the 1998
Annual Report on Form 10-K. Management believes the new basis of segmentation
most accurately reflects the Company's operating segments under the definition
provided by SFAS No.131. The four segments reported in the 1998 Form 10-K were:
(a) Marine & Aviation; (b) Non-Marine; (c) Agency; and (d) Corporate.
A reconciliation of the total reportable segments' profit to the Company's
consolidated income from operations before tax and extraordinary charge is
provided below. The main components of the reconciling item are investment
income, foreign exchange losses and other expenses in the non-operating
companies, agency income in Octavian and debt interest paid on the Senior
Notes.
Year ended December 31,
----------------------------
1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- --------
(dollars in thousands)
Segment (loss) profit....................... $(37,733) $110,423 $100,977
Reconciling item............................ (34,869) (9,162) (9,928)
-------- -------- --------
(Loss) income from operations before income
tax
and extraordinary charge................... $(72,602) $101,261 $ 91,049
======== ======== ========
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
A reconciliation of the total reportable segments' assets to the Company's
consolidated total assets is provided below. The main components of the
reconciling item are investments in the non-operating companies and inter-
segment insurance balances eliminated on consolidation.
Year ended December 31,
---------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
---------- ---------- ----------
(dollars in thousands)
Segment assets.......................... $2,560,821 $2,671,678 $2,327,105
Reconciling item........................ 70,879 (192,306) (106,971)
---------- ---------- ----------
Total assets............................ $2,631,700 $2,479,372 $2,220,134
========== ========== ==========
The Company's principal products consist of various classes of non-marine
property business, non-marine casualty business, and marine and aviation
business, written on both an insurance and reinsurance basis. In 1997, 1998 and
1999, the Company received premiums related to reinsurance to close of orphan
Lloyd's syndicates. Net earned premiums for the years ended December 31, 1999,
1998 and 1997, were as follows:
Year ended December 31,
--------------------------
1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- --------
(dollars in thousands)
Property....................................... $331,198 $256,844 $182,032
Casualty....................................... 132,169 94,949 83,143
Marine & aviation.............................. 119,567 127,532 114,751
Orphan syndicate business...................... 2,347 67,583 39,143
-------- -------- --------
Total net earned premiums...................... $585,281 $546,908 $419,069
======== ======== ========
Because the Company conducts its business through worldwide market places
(including Lloyd's and the London market), it is not practicable to provide
geographic segment information.
20. Statutory Financial Data
(a) Terra Nova files an annual audited return with the Financial Services
Authority (the "FSA"), in the U.K. The regulations require U.K. insurance
companies to comply with prescribed minimum solvency margins. Assets and
liabilities reported within the annual FSA Return are prepared subject to
specified rules concerning valuation and admissibility. Consequently, net
assets reported within the Return may vary from net assets as they appear in
Terra Nova's published financial statements. Technical provisions shown in
Terra Nova's annual FSA Return reflect the statutory requirement in the U.K.
for insurance companies to maintain equalization provisions. Equalization
provisions are established in accordance with specified rules and are in
addition to the provisions required to meet the anticipated ultimate cost of
settlement of outstanding claims at the balance sheet date. Such provisions are
not required under U.S. GAAP.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
A reconciliation of total technical provisions (excluding provision for
unearned premiums) reported in Terra Nova's annual FSA Return, to Terra Nova's
reserve for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses under U.S. GAAP for the
years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, is provided below:
Year ended December 31,
--------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
----------- -------- ----------
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands)
Technical provisions (excluding
provision for unearned premiums)..... $896,181 $950,173 $1,041,460
Equalization provision................ -- (20,180) (14,250)
Aviation business in run-off.......... (59,229) (65,752) (75,846)
-------- -------- ----------
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment
expenses............................. $836,952 $864,241 $ 951,364
======== ======== ==========
Terra Nova's unaudited required minimum statutory solvency margin and
unaudited statutory solvency margin at December 31, 1999, were $39,248,000 and
$127,738,000, respectively. Terra Nova's unaudited and estimated FSA Return
policyholders' surplus and unaudited net income for the year ended December 31,
1999, and the audited FSA Return policyholders' surplus and net income as
reported in the annual returns to the FSA for the years ended December 31, 1998
and 1997, are as follows:
1999 1998 1997
----------- -------- --------
(Unaudited)
dollars in thousands
Policyholders' surplus...................... $166,986 $270,732 $233,936
Net (loss) income before dividends.......... (27,774) 39,327 49,855
Terra Nova's ability to pay dividends is limited by a Notice of Requirements
issued by a predecessor of the FSA which requires Terra Nova to give 14 days'
advance notice to the FSA of its intention to declare and pay a dividend. In
addition, Terra Nova must comply with the Companies Act 1985 which provides
that dividends may only be paid out of distributable profits.
(b) Terra Nova (Bermuda)'s ability to pay dividends is subject to certain
regulatory restrictions. Under the Insurance Act of 1978, amendments to it and
related regulations of Bermuda (the "Act"), Terra Nova (Bermuda) is required to
file in Bermuda statutory financial statements and a statutory financial
return. The Act also requires Terra Nova (Bermuda) to maintain certain measures
of solvency and liquidity during the year.
Terra Nova (Bermuda)'s statutory capital and surplus and minimum required
statutory capital and surplus and net income for the years ended December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively, were:
1999 1998 1997
----------- -------- --------
(Unaudited)
dollars in thousands
Statutory capital and surplus.............. $168,261 $324,580 $260,612
Minimum required statutory capital and
surplus................................... 100,000 100,862 100,000
Net income before dividends................ 69,681 49,570 29,025
Bermuda Holdings' and U.K. Holdings' ability to meet their expenses and debt
services requirements is dependent upon the ability of Terra Nova and Terra
Nova (Bermuda) to pay dividends as described above.
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
21. Summarized Financial Information for U.K. Holdings
U.K. Holdings was incorporated in the United Kingdom on November 7, 1994, to
acquire Terra Nova. U.K. Holdings is the issuer of Senior Notes as described in
Note 16. Bermuda Holdings is the guarantor of such notes. The guarantee is full
and unconditional.
Summarized consolidated balance sheet information as at December 31, 1999,
and 1998, and summarized consolidated statements of operations information for
the years December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, about U.K. Holdings is set out
below:
December 31,
---------------------
1999 1998
---------- ----------
(dollars in
thousands)
Investments and cash..................................... $ 803,070 $ 900,442
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses................. 530,102 459,497
Accrued premium income................................... 215,225 236,885
Other assets............................................. 485,555 364,172
---------- ----------
Total assets........................................... $2,033,952 $1,960,996
========== ==========
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses............... $1,291,312 $1,093,082
Unearned premiums........................................ 446,224 375,574
Long-term debt........................................... 175,000 175,000
Other liabilities........................................ 88,071 108,250
---------- ----------
Total liabilities...................................... 2,000,607 1,751,906
---------- ----------
Total shareholders' equity............................. 33,345 209,090
---------- ----------
Total liabilities and shareholders equity.............. $2,033,952 $1,960,996
---------- ----------
Year ended December 31,
----------------------------
1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- --------
(dollars in thousands)
Net earned premiums............................. $529,651 $453,406 $357,939
Net investment income........................... 56,034 56,858 55,698
Realized investment gains....................... 20,332 15,544 15,306
Foreign exchange gains (losses)................. 2,945 (483) (1,240)
Agency income................................... 12,369 17,057 15,571
-------- -------- --------
Total revenues................................ 621,331 542,382 443,274
-------- -------- --------
Underwriting costs and expenses................. 749,730 489,646 384,530
-------- -------- --------
(Loss) income from operations before income tax
and extraordinary charge....................... (128,399) 52,736 58,744
-------- -------- --------
Net (loss) income............................. $(90,771) $ 23,878 $ 41,105
======== ======== ========
TERRA NOVA (BERMUDA) HOLDINGS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
22. Unaudited Selected Quarterly Financial Data
Three months Three months Three months Three months
ended ended ended ended
March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
(dollars in thousands except per share amounts)
1999
Revenues................. $172,823 $210,213 $187,692 $152,522
-------- -------- -------- --------
Net income............... 21,061 13,239 11,968 (81,242)
-------- -------- -------- --------
Basic earnings per
share................... $ 0.83 $ 0.53 $ 0.47 $ (3.20)
-------- -------- -------- --------
Diluted earnings per
share................... $ 0.81 $ 0.51 $ 0.45 $ (3.20)
-------- -------- -------- --------
1998
Revenues................. $171,917 $148,986 $158,579 $195,122
-------- -------- -------- --------
Extraordinary charge
after income tax........ -- 11,641 -- --
-------- -------- -------- --------
Net income............... 24,423 8,959 19,771 19,246
-------- -------- -------- --------
Basic earnings per
share................... $ 0.96 $ 0.35 $ 0.78 $ 0.75
-------- -------- -------- --------
Diluted earnings per
share................... $ 0.94 $ 0.34 $ 0.75 $ 0.74
-------- -------- -------- --------
The Company's net income per share amounts are based on the weighted average
number of shares outstanding during the periods (see Note 8).
23. Subsequent Event
The Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger and Scheme of
Arrangement, dated as of August 15, 1999, and amended on September 10, 1999,
and January 28, 2000, with Markel Corporation ("Markel"). The Agreement
provides for the merger of a wholly-owned subsidiary of Markel Holdings into
Markel and a scheme of arrangement between the Company and its shareholders.
After completion of the merger and the scheme of arrangement, each of the
Company and Markel will be a wholly-owned subsidiary of Markel Holdings, which
will change its name to "Markel Corporation." At the effective time of the
merger and scheme of arrangement each outstanding Class A ordinary share, other
than 2,069 shares held by Markel or its transferee, and each outstanding Class
B ordinary share of the Company will be cancelled and the holders thereof,
other than Markel, the Company or its subsidiaries, will be entitled to receive
$13.00 in cash, 0.07027 of a Markel Holdings common share and 0.07027 of Markel
Holdings contingent value right per share. On March 16, 2000, the Company's and
Markel's shareholders approved the merger and scheme of arrangement at special
shareholder meetings called for the purpose. Subject to approval by the Bermuda
Supreme Court and completion or waiver of all closing conditions, the merger
and scheme of arrangement are expected to be completed on March 24, 2000.
Item 7b. PRO FORMA CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
Introduction
The following unaudited pro forma condensed financial information is based on
the historical consolidated financial statements of Markel Corporation (Markel)
adjusted to give effect to the acquisition of Terra Nova (Bermuda) Holdings Ltd.
(Terra Nova). In the opinion of management, the unaudited pro forma condensed
financial information of Markel reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal
recurring nature, to present fairly Markel's financial position as of December
31, 1999 and results of operations for the year then ended. The pro forma
adjustments are based upon available information and certain assumptions that
management believes are reasonable.
The acquisition of Terra Nova will be accounted for using the purchase method of
accounting. The purchase price for the acquisition will be allocated to tangible
and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities based upon management
estimates of their fair value with the excess of purchase price over fair value
of net assets acquired allocated to goodwill and amortized over 20 years. For
purposes of presenting pro forma results, no changes in revenues and expenses
have been made to reflect the results of any modification to operations that
might have been made had the acquisition been consummated on the assumed
effective date of the acquisition. The pro forma expenses include the recurring
costs, which are directly attributable to the acquisition, such as amortization
of goodwill and interest expense.
The unaudited pro forma condensed financial information does not purport to
represent what Markel's results of operations or financial position would
actually have been had the acquisition in fact occurred on January 1, 1999 or
December 31, 1999 or to project Markel's results of operations or financial
position for or at any future period or date.
MARKEL CORPORATION
Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
As of December 31, 1999
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
Markel and
Markel Terra Nova Pro Forma Terra Nova
(historical) (historical) Adjustments Pro Forma
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASSETS
Investments
Fixed maturities $ 1,177,151 $ 1,306,110 $ (83,500) A $ 2,399,761
Equity securities 304,241 109,900 -- 414,141
Short-term 141,747 -- (40,000) A 101,747
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total investments 1,623,139 1,416,010 (123,500) 2,915,649
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents 1,813 74,798 -- 76,611
Receivables 98,681 121,094 -- 219,775
Accrued premium income -- 238,230 -- 238,230
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses 378,738 346,483 -- 725,221
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses 43,131 62,162 -- 105,293
Deferred policy acquisition costs 50,800 99,683 -- 150,483
Prepaid reinsurance premiums 69,591 97,771 -- 167,362
Intangible assets 92,314 51,366 198,463 B 342,143
Other assets 97,098 124,103 12,802 D 234,003
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets $ 2,455,305 $ 2,631,700 $ 87,765 $ 5,174,770
======================================================================================================================
LIABILITIES AND
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses $ 1,343,616 $ 1,409,968 -- $ 2,753,584
Unearned premiums 276,910 468,178 -- 745,088
Payables to insurance companies 60,706 53,853 -- 114,559
Long-term debt 167,984 175,000 232,800 A 575,784
Other liabilities 72,670 80,691 5,475 C 158,836
Company-Obligated Mandatorily Redeemable
Preferred Capital Securities of the Subsidiary
Trust Holding Solely Junior Subordinated
Deferrable Interest Debentures of Markel
North America, Inc. 150,000 -- -- 150,000
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities 2,071,886 2,187,690 238,275 4,497,851
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shareholders' equity
Common stock 25,625 265,492 28,008 A,E 319,125
Retained earnings 342,426 195,163 (195,163) E 342,426
Accumulated other comprehensive income 15,368 (7,422) 7,422 E 15,368
Treasury stock and other -- (9,223) 9,223 E --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total shareholders' equity 383,419 444,010 (150,510) 676,919
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 2,455,305 $ 2,631,700 $ 87,765 $ 5,174,770
=======================================================================================================================
See accompanying Notes to Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
MARKEL CORPORATION
Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income
Year Ended December 31, 1999
(in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Markel and
Markel Terra Nova Pro Forma Terra Nova
(historical) (historical) Adjustments Pro Forma
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATING REVENUES
Earned premiums $ 437,196 $ 585,281 -- $ 1,022,477
Net investment income 87,681 93,829 (7,410) F 174,100
Net realized gains (losses) from investment sales (897) 26,879 -- 25,982
Agency income -- 14,245 -- 14,245
Other 341 3,016 -- 3,357
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total operating revenues 524,321 723,250 (7,410) 1,240,161
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATING EXPENSES
Losses and loss adjustment expenses 283,630 491,243 -- 774,873
Underwriting, acquisition and insurance expenses 156,703 263,068 -- 419,771
Agency expenses -- 14,138 -- 14,138
Other expenses -- 10,914 -- 10,914
Amortization of intangible assets 5,398 4,089 8,402 G 17,889
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total operating expenses 445,731 783,452 8,402 1,237,585
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Operating income (loss) 78,590 (60,202) (15,812) 2,576
Interest expense 25,150 12,400 20,390 H 57,940
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes 53,440 (72,602) (36,202) (55,364)
Income taxes 12,826 (37,628) 12,734 I (12,068)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income (loss) from continuing operations $ 40,614 $ (34,974) $ (48,936) $ (43,296)
========================================================================================================================
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Foreign currency translation adjustments -- (290) -- (290)
Unrealized gains on securities, net of taxes
Unrealized gains (losses) arising during the
period (32,229) (44,178) 7,991 J (68,416)
Less reclassification adjustments for gains
included in net income (5,878) (24,277) 3,945 J (26,210)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (38,107) (68,745) 11,936 (94,916)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comprehensive Income (Loss) $ 2,507 $(103,719) $ (37,000) $(138,212)
========================================================================================================================
Income (loss) from continuing operations per share:
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Basic $ 7.27 -- -- ($ 5.90)
========================================================================================================================
Diluted $ 7.20 -- -- ($ 5.90)
========================================================================================================================
Weighted average shares:
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Basic 5,585 -- -- 7,343
========================================================================================================================
Diluted 5,638 -- -- 7,343
========================================================================================================================
See accompanying Notes to Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Notes to Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of presentation
On January 28, 2000, Markel Corporation (Markel) entered into an Amended
Agreement and Plan of Merger and Scheme of Arrangement (the Merger Agreement) to
acquire Terra Nova. The unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Balance
Sheet, Statement of Income and Notes to Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements were prepared assuming consideration to each Terra Nova
shareholder of $13.00 in cash, .07027 of a Markel common share and .07027 of a
Markel contingent value right (CVR). Consideration to be exchanged consists of
the following (in thousands, except per share data):
Cash(1)................................................................................. $356,500
Markel common shares and Markel contingent value rights issued to
Terra Nova shareholders (1,758 shares at $148.00 per
share and 1,758 contingent value rights at $19.00 per right)......................... 293,500
--------
Total purchase consideration (2)........................................................ 650,000
Direct costs of acquisition (3)......................................................... 12,000
--------
Total cost of acquisition............................................................... 662,000
Less: Fair value of Terra Nova net tangible and identifiable intangible
assets as of December 31, 1999 (4)................................................... 412,171
--------
Excess of cost over fair value of net assets acquired................................... $249,829
========
The acquisition will be funded as follows (in thousands):
Available cash $123,500
Borrowings under $400 million credit facility 245,000
Markel common shares and CVRs issued to Terra Nova
shareholders 293,500
--------
Total cost of acquisition $662,000
========
In addition, $175.0 million of Terra Nova's debt will remain outstanding.
(1) 25 million Terra Nova shares at $13.00 per share and 1.1 million
Terra Nova shares purchased by Markel in the open market prior to the
close of the transaction, with an aggregate cost of $31.5 million.
(2) Includes $7.4 million cash and $5.9 million of Markel common shares
(40,000 shares at $148.00 per share) and $0.8 million of Markel
contingent value rights (40,000 rights at $19.00 per right) issued to
settle Terra Nova stock option plans.
(3) The direct costs of the acquisition are investment banking fees of
$10.0 million and estimated legal, tax and accounting fees of $2.0
million.
(4) The preliminary purchase price allocation is based on the estimated
fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets
acquired. Investments are carried at estimated fair value, based
primarily on quoted market prices. Long term debt is carried at
estimated fair value, based on an independent third party quote. All
other assets and liabilities are carried at their historical bases
which approximate fair value. While the purchase price allocation is
preliminary, management is not aware of any material adjustments to
the allocation.
The accompanying unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
are provided to illustrate the effect of the acquisition on Markel and have been
prepared using the purchase method of accounting. The unaudited Pro Forma
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect how the balance sheet might
have appeared at December 31, 1999 if the acquisition had been consummated at
that date and how the statement of income for the year ended December 31, 1999
might have appeared had the acquisition of Terra Nova been consummated on
January 1, 1999. Certain reclassifications of Terra Nova's historical financial
statements have been made to conform with Markel's historical presentation.
2. Adjustments - Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet -
Markel/Terra Nova
The accompanying unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of
December 31, 1999 reflects certain adjustments which are explained below and are
based on assumptions made by management. These adjustments are required to give
effect to matters directly attributable to the acquisition. The explanations of
these adjustments are as follows:
(A) To record the cash paid, debt incurred and additional equity issued to
finance the acquisition. In addition, Terra Nova's long term debt is
reduced by $12.2 million to a fair value of $162.8 million.
(B) To adjust the intangible assets to reflect the excess of cost over the
fair value of net assets acquired resulting from the acquisition.
(C) To accrue an obligation as specified in an employment contract. In
addition, as a result of the merger, Terra Nova's operations will be
subject to taxation in the United States. Deferred taxes have been
recorded for the United States tax liabilities.
Obligations under employment contract (1) $ 2,000
Deferred taxes (2) 3,475
--------
$ 5,475
========
(1) The $2 million accrued obligation was calculated in
accordance with the terms of an employment agreement.
(2) Deferred taxes primarily relate to Terra Nova's accumulated
earnings which have not previously been subject to U.S.
taxation and to record deferred income taxes which reflect
the net tax effect of the temporary differences between the
carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities for financial
reporting purposes and their respective U.S. tax bases.
(D) To record the following:
Write off Terra Nova Debt Costs (1) (2,059)
Pension Asset (2) 14,861
-------
$12,802
=======
(1) Represents the adjustment to write off Terra Nova's
unamortized debt issuance costs which provide no economic
value to the combined entity.
(2) A pension asset is recorded for the excess of the fair value
of plan assets over projected benefit obligations. A recent
external valuation of the pension plan was used to estimate
the fair value adjustment.
(E) To record consolidating and eliminating entries.
3. Adjustments - Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of
Income - Markel/Terra Nova
The accompanying unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income
for the year ended December 31, 1999 reflect certain adjustments which are
explained below and are based on assumptions made by management. These
adjustments are required to give effect to matters directly attributable to the
acquisition. The explanations of these adjustments are as follows:
(F) Reduction in net investment income due to net cash used in funding the
transaction; the rate of return is calculated at 6%. The 6% rate of return
is based on historical average yields for the Company's investment
portfolio.
(G) Excess of cost over fair value of net assets acquired is amortized on a
straight line basis over 20 years. The estimated life of the business
acquired was determined based on the value of the Lloyd's franchise, the
investment portfolio's earning power and profitable books of business
acquired, as well as the capital requirements and other barriers to
entering the business acquired.
(H) Interest on borrowed funds under revolving lines of credit is assumed to
be 7.7% which is calculated as LIBOR plus 1.25% as specified in the credit
facility. For the year ended December 31, 1999, a change of 1/8 percent in
the interest rate would result in a change in interest expense and income
from continuing operations of $0.3 million and $0.2 million before and
after taxes, respectively. In addition, the fair value adjustment for
Terra Nova's long term debt is amortized over the remaining lives of those
debt instruments.
(I) Taxes on the reduction in net investment income and interest expense pro
forma adjustments are calculated at an assumed 35% statutory rate. In
addition, as a result of the merger, Terra Nova's operations will be
subject to taxation in the United States. Taxes have been recorded for
Terra Nova in accordance with United States tax regulations.