EXHIBIT 10.1








                               ESSEX BANCORP, INC.

                           MANAGEMENT RECOGNITION PLAN

















         1.       Establishment of Plan

                  Essex Bancorp,  Inc. (the  "Company")  hereby  establishes the
Essex Bancorp, Inc. Management  Recognition Plan (the "Plan"),  effective May 1,
1998, contingent upon ratification of the Plan by the Company's shareholders. In
the event the Company's  shareholders fail to ratify the Plan, the Plan shall be
null and void ab initio.

         2.       Purpose of Plan

                  The purpose of the Plan is to attract and retain  personnel of
experience and ability in key positions by providing  those key employees with a
proprietary  interest in the Company and its  Subsidiaries as  compensation  for
their  contributions  to the Company and any Subsidiaries and as an incentive to
make such contributions in the future.

         3.       Definitions

                  In  this  document,   unless  the  context  clearly  indicates
otherwise,  words in the masculine gender shall be deemed to refer to females as
well as males, any term used in the singular also shall refer to the plural, and
the following capitalized terms shall have the following meanings:

                  3.1 "Agreement"  means a written agreement between the Company
and an Employee implementing and evidencing the grant of Plan Shares.

                  3.2  "Board  of  Directors"  or  "Board"  means  the  board of
directors of the Company.

                  3.3 "Change in Control" means the  acquisition by any "person"
or  "group"  (as  defined  in  Sections  13(d) and 14(d) of the  Exchange  Act),
directly or indirectly,  as  "beneficial  owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under
the Exchange Act) of securities of the Company representing twenty percent (20%)
or more of the combined voting power of the then  outstanding  securities of the
Company;  provided,  however, that no Change in Control shall be deemed to occur
as a result of: (a) any  transaction  prior to May 1,  1998;  (b) any  purchase,
transfer,  or other disposition of the Series B and Series C preferred shares of
the  Company;  or (c) any exercise or  conversion  of warrants or options of the
Company which were issued prior to 1996 (and any exercise, or conversion of such
warrants or options  shall be  disregarded  in  determining  whether a Change of
Control has occurred).

                  3.4 "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
from time to time.

                  3.5 "Committee" means the Executive  Compensation Committee of
the Board consisting of not less than two non-employee directors of the Company.

                  3.6 "Company" means Essex Bancorp, Inc.

                  3.7 "Employee"  means any person who is currently  employed by
the  Company  or  any  Subsidiary,  including  officers  of the  Company  or any
Subsidiary.

                  3.8 "Exchange Act" means the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended from time to time.

                  3.9 "Permanent  Disability"  means disabled within the meaning
of Code Section 72(m)(7).

                  3.10  "Plan"  means  the  Essex   Bancorp,   Inc.   Management
Recognition Plan, as set forth herein and as amended from time to time.

                  3.11  "Plan  Shares"  means  Shares  granted  to  a  Recipient
pursuant to the Plan.

                  3.12  "Restriction  Period"  means the period of time any Plan
Shares are  nontransferable  and  subject to a  forfeiture,  as set forth in the
applicable Agreement.

                  3.13  "Recipient"  means an Employee who receives  Plan Shares
under the Plan.

                  3.14 "Shares" means shares of the common stock of the Company.

                  3.15  "Subsidiary"  means any  subsidiary  corporation  of the
Company  within  the  meaning  of  Section  424(f)  of the Code (or a  successor
provision of similar import).

         4.       Administration

                  4.1 The Plan shall be administered by the Committee. Except as
expressly  provided  herein,  the Committee  shall have the  exclusive  power to
determine in its  discretion  the Employees to whom the Company shall issue Plan
Shares, the number of Plan Shares to be granted, and the terms and conditions of
each award of Plan  Shares,  including  the  applicable  Restriction  Period and
vesting  schedule.  Without  limiting  the  generality  of  the  foregoing,  the
Committee may provide in its  discretion in an Agreement  pertaining to an award
of Plan Shares:  (a) for an agreement by the Recipient to render services to the
Company or a Subsidiary upon the terms and conditions specified in the Agreement
during the  Restriction  Period;  and (b) for an agreement  by the  Recipient to
resell the Plan Shares to the Company under specified  conditions.  In no event,
however, shall any Agreement permit vesting of Plan Shares prior to the first to
occur of the Participant's death, Permanent Disability,  completion of three (3)
years of  employment  with  the  Company  from the date of grant or a Change  in
Control.

                  4.2 In  addition  to any other  powers  provided  herein,  the
Committee  shall have the  following  powers:  (a) to construe and interpret the
Agreements  and the Plan;  (b) to require,  whether or not  provided  for in the
pertinent  Agreement,  of  any  person  receiving  Shares,  the  making  of  any
representations  or  agreements  which  the  Committee  may  deem  necessary  or
advisable in order to comply with the securities laws of the United States or of
any state,  including  Section  16(b) of the  Exchange  Act;  (c) to provide for
satisfaction  of a Recipient's  tax  liabilities  arising in connection with the
Plan;  and (d) to make all  other  determinations  and take  all  other  actions
necessary or advisable for the administration of the Plan. In no case,  however,
may the  Committee  or  Company  grant any Plan  Shares  until the Plan has been
approved by the Company's shareholders.

                  4.3  Any  determinations  or  actions  made  or  taken  by the
Committee pursuant to this Article shall be binding and final.

                  4.4 In addition to any other  indemnification  rights they may
have as members of the Board,  the members of the Committee shall be indemnified
by the Company  against the  reasonable  expenses,  including  attorneys'  fees,
actually  incurred  in  connection  with  the  defense  of any  action,  suit or
proceeding,  or in connection with any appeal  therein,  to which they or any of
them may be a party by reason of any action  taken or failure to act under or in
connection with the Plan or any award of Plan Shares made hereunder, and against
all amounts  reasonably  paid by them in  settlement  thereof or paid by them in
satisfaction  of a  judgment  in any such  action,  suit or  proceeding,  if the
members  acted in good faith and in a manner  which they  believed to be in, and
not opposed to, the best interests of the Company.

         5.       Number of Shares Subject to The Plan

                  5.1 As of any date,  the maximum  number of Plan Shares  which
may be issued under this Plan is limited to the excess of: (a) five percent (5%)
of the total  issued and  outstanding  Shares of the Company  (computed  without
regard to Shares  issued under this Plan or any Shares  issued upon the exercise
of any warrants for Shares  outstanding  as of the effective date of this Plan);
over (b) any Plan Shares previously issued and not yet forfeited.

                  5.2 If Plan Shares previously  issued are forfeited,  in whole
or in part, the Shares shall become  available for reissuance as new Plan Shares
within the aggregate maximum number of Shares stated in Section 5.1 above.



         6.       Eligibility and Grants

                  6.1 Only those officers and other Employees  designated by the
Committee  as key  management  Employees  of the Company or any  Subsidiary  are
eligible to receive Plan Shares.  An Employee may receive more than one award of
Plan Shares.

                  6.2 The Committee  shall  determine from time to time which of
the Employees referenced in Section 6.1 above will be issued Plan Shares and the
number of Plan Shares  which the Company  shall issue,  provided  that the total
number of Shares  issued  pursuant  to this Plan may not  exceed  the  number of
Shares set forth in Section  5.1.  In  selecting  those  Employees  to whom Plan
Shares will be granted and the number of Plan Shares to be issued, the Committee
may consider the position and  responsibilities of the eligible  Employees,  the
value of their  services  to the  Company  and its  Subsidiaries,  and any other
factors the Committee may deem relevant.

                  6.3 As promptly as practicable  after a determination  is made
pursuant to Section 6.2 that Plan Shares are to be granted,  the Committee shall
notify the  Recipient  and  Company in writing of the grant of the  Shares,  the
number of Shares covered by the grant, the Restriction  Period and the terms and
conditions  upon which the Plan Shares  subject to the grant will become  vested
and  transferable.  The  Committee  shall  cause  the  Company  to tender to the
Recipient an Agreement evidencing the grant, which Agreement must be executed by
the Chairman of the  Committee  (or his delegee) on behalf of the Company and by
the Recipient for the grant to be  consummated.  The date of the Agreement shall
be considered the date of grant of the plan Shares.

                  6.4 The  Company  shall  issue the  applicable  number of Plan
Shares to the  Recipient  as soon as possible  after the date of the Plan Shares
are  awarded by the  Committee.  Unless  otherwise  provided  in the  applicable
Agreement,  a  Recipient  will not be  required  to pay any  amount for his Plan
Shares and such Shares  shall be issued fully paid and  non-assessable.  No Plan
Shares shall be issued,  however,  until all applicable  requirements of law and
regulatory restrictions are satisfied.

                  6.5 The Company may  withhold  from any  transfer,  payment or
distribution made under this Plan sufficient  amounts of cash or Shares to cover
any  applicable  withholding  and  employment  taxes,  and if the  amount of the
payment is  insufficient,  the Company may require the  Recipient  to pay to the
Company the amount required to be withheld as a condition of delivering the Plan
Shares;  provided,  however,  that the  withholding  of  Shares on behalf of any
Recipient  who is an officer or director  of the  Company  within the meaning of
Section 16 of the Exchange Act shall be effective  only as permitted  under Rule
16b-3 under the  Exchange  Act and  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  staff
interpretations thereunder.

                  6.6 If the Recipient  timely and properly  elects  pursuant to
Code Section  83(b) to include in gross  income for federal  income tax purposes
the amount in respect  of Plan  Shares  that is  determined  under Code  Section
83(b),  the  Recipient  shall furnish to the Company a copy of his completed and
signed  election form, and shall pay (or make  arrangements  satisfactory to the
Company to pay) to the Company any federal,  state or local taxes required to be
withheld  with  respect  to the  Shares.  If the  Recipient  fails to make those
payments,  the Company shall, to the extent  permitted by law, have the right to
deduct from any payment of any kind  otherwise due to the Recipient any federal,
state or local taxes of any kind  required by law to be withheld with respect to
the Shares.

         7.       Restrictions  on  Transfer;  Forfeiture  Upon  Termination  of
                  Employment

                  7.1 Plan Shares issued to a Recipient shall be nontransferable
and subject to  forfeiture  by the Recipient  during the  Restriction  Period in
accordance with the terms and conditions  (including vesting schedule) set forth
in the applicable Agreement evidencing the award of the Plan Shares. In no event
shall the Restriction  Period end, or the corresponding  Plan Shares vest, prior
to the first to occur of the Participant's  death or Permanent  Disability,  the
Participant's  completion of three years of employment with the Company from the
date of grant of the Plan Shares or a Change in Control.

                  7.2 Except as provided in Subject 7.4 below, if the employment
of a Recipient  terminates  for any reason other than  Permanent  Disability  or
death before he has satisfied the three (3) year or greater vesting  requirement
applicable to any Plan Shares,  as specified in the  applicable  Agreement,  the
Recipient shall forfeit the Shares that have not theretofore become vested.

                  7.3 In determining  the number of Plan Shares that are vested,
fractional  shares  shall be rounded down to the nearest  whole number  provided
that such  fractional  shares shall be aggregated and deemed earned on the first
date that all Plan Shares subject to an award have been vested.

                  7.4  Notwithstanding the general rule set forth in Section 7.2
above, all Plan Shares shall  automatically vest upon the occurrence of a Change
in Control, if not previously forfeited.

                  7.5  Plan  Shares  may not be  sold,  exchanged,  transferred,
pledged,  hypothecated or otherwise  disposed of during the  Restriction  Period
described in the  underlying  Agreement.  Share  certificates  representing  the
Shares  shall not be issued until the Shares  become  vested at the close of the
Restriction Period.


         8.       Voting of Plan Shares and Distributions

                  8.1  Except  as  provided  in  the  applicable  Agreement,   a
Recipient  may  exercise  all voting  rights  with  respect  to the Plan  Shares
(whether or not vested) issued to him.

                  8.2 Except as provided in the applicable  Agreement,  any cash
dividends,  stock  dividends or other  distributions  payable in respect of Plan
Shares (whether or not vested) will be paid to the Recipient.

         9.       Miscellaneous

                  9.1 The aggregate number of Plan Shares available for issuance
pursuant  to the Plan and the  number of Shares  to which the Plan  Share  award
relates  shall be  proportionately  adjusted for any increase or decrease in the
total number of Shares outstanding  subsequent to the effective date of the Plan
resulting  from any  split,  subdivision  or  consolidation  of  Shares or other
capital adjustment, or other increase or decrease in such Shares effected by the
Company without receipt or payment of consideration.  All such adjustments shall
be in such amounts as the Committee in its sole discretion determines.

                  9.2 The Board shall have the power to  terminate  the Plan and
amend it in any respect,  provided that the Board may not,  without the approval
of the  shareholders  of the  Company,  amend  the  Plan so as to  increase  the
aggregate  number  of Shares  that may be  awarded  under  the Plan or  increase
materially the benefits accruing to participants  under the Plan. No termination
or amendment of the Plan shall adversely affect the rights or obligations of any
Recipient as to his then outstanding  Plan Shares without his consent.  All such
adjustments  shall be in such amounts as the  Committee  in its sole  discretion
determines.

                  9.3 The grant of Plan Shares shall not give the  Recipient any
right to  similar  grants in future  years or any  right to be  retained  in the
employ of the Company or any Subsidiary.

                  9.4 The  Plan  and  Agreements  shall be  governed  and  their
provisions  construed,  enforced and administered in accordance with the laws of
Virginia,  except to the extent that such laws may be  superseded by any federal
law.

                  9.5 The  shareholders  of the Company  shall be  considered to
have ratified the Plan (or any amendment to the Plan) if the Plan (or amendment)
is approved by a majority of the votes,  cast by the shareholders of the Company
at any duly called shareholder meeting at which a quorum is present.

                  IN  WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the  Company,  by its  duly  authorized
officer, has caused this Agreement to be executed effective as of the ___ day of
__________, 1998.


                                           ESSEX BANCORP, INC.



                                           By:______________________________

                                                    Its:____________________

                                           Date:____________________________