Exhibit 3.2

                           Amended and Restated Bylaws

                                       of

                             ESKIMO PIE CORPORATION
                       (as last amended effective 4/8/99)

                                ARTICLE I - Stock

         1.  Certificates  for Stock.  Certificates  of Stock shall be issued in
numerical  order,  be signed by the  Chairman  of the  Board of  Directors,  the
President or a Vice President,  and by the Secretary or an Assistant  Secretary,
or the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer,  and sealed with the corporate seal;
provided,  that where any Certificate of Stock is signed by a duly appointed and
authorized  Transfer  Agent or Registrar  the  signatures of the Chairman of the
Board  of  Directors,  the  President,  Vice  President,   Secretary,  Assistant
Secretary,  Treasurer  or  Assistant  Treasurer  may be  facsimile,  engraved or
printed, and the seal of the corporation on any such Certificate of Stock may be
facsimile, engraved or printed. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar
who has signed or whose  facsimile  signature has been placed upon a certificate
shall have ceased to be such officer,  transfer  agent or registrar  before such
certificate is issued,  it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect
as if he or she were such  officer,  transfer  agent or registrar at the date of
issue.

         2.  Transfers of Stock.  Transfers of stock shall be made only upon the
books of the corporation,  and only by the person named in the certificate or by
attorney,  lawfully  constituted  in  writing,  and only upon  surrender  of the
certificate   therefor.   The  directors  may  by  resolution   make  reasonable
regulations  for the transfers of stock. To the extent that any provision of the
Rights  Agreement  between the  corporation  and First Union  National  Bank, as
Successor Rights Agent,  dated as of January 21, 1993, is deemed to constitute a
restriction  on the transfer of any  securities of the  corporation,  including,
without limitation,  the Rights, as defined therein,  such restriction is hereby
authorized by the bylaws of the corporation.

         3. Holders of Record. Registered shareholders only shall be entitled to
be treated by the  corporation  as the holders in fact of the stock  standing in
their respective  names and the corporation  shall not be bound to recognize any
equitable  or other  claim to or  interest in any share on the part of any other
person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof,  except as
expressly provided by the laws of Virginia.

         4. Lost or Destroyed  Certificates.  In case of loss or  destruction of
any  certificate  of stock another may be issued in its place upon  satisfactory
proof of such loss or destruction and upon the giving of a satisfactory  bond of
indemnity  to  the  corporation,  all  as  determined  either  expressly  by the
directors or pursuant to general authority granted by them.


                       ARTICLE II - Shareholders' Meetings

         1. Place of  Meetings.  Meetings of the  shareholders  shall be held at
such place,  within or outside the  Commonwealth  of  Virginia,  as the Board of
Directors may determine.

         2.  Annual  Meeting.  The  annual  meeting of the  shareholders  of the
corporation,  for the election of directors to succeed those whose terms expire,
and for the  transaction  of such other business as may come before the meeting,




shall  be held  on the  first  Wednesday  in May of  each  year,  if not a legal
holiday,  and if a legal holiday,  then on the first business day following,  at
ten o'clock in the forenoon, or on such other date and at such other time as may
be fixed by the Board of Directors. If the annual meeting of the shareholders be
not held as herein  prescribed,  the  election of  directors  may be held at any
meeting thereafter called pursuant to these Bylaws.

         3. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the shareholders may be called
by the Chairman of the Board,  if one is elected,  or the President or the Board
of Directors.

         4. Notice of Meetings.  Written  notice of the place,  date and hour of
the annual and of all special meetings of the  shareholders  and, in the case of
special  meetings,  of the purpose or purposes for which such special meeting is
called,  shall be given in the manner  specified  in Section 1 of Article VII of
these  Bylaws  not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days prior to the
meeting (except that notice of a shareholders' meeting to act on an amendment of
the articles of  incorporation,  a plan of merger or share exchange,  a proposed
sale of assets other than in the ordinary course of business, or the dissolution
of the  corporation  shall be given not less then  twenty-five  nor more than 60
days before the meeting date), to each  shareholder of record of the corporation
entitled to vote thereat.  Business  transacted at all special meetings shall be
confined to the purposes stated in the notice.

         5.  Quorum.   A  quorum  at  any  annual  or  special  meeting  of  the
shareholders  shall  consist of  shareholders  holding a majority of the capital
stock of this corporation outstanding and entitled to vote thereat,  represented
either in person or by proxy, except as otherwise  specifically  provided by law
or in the Articles of Incorporation.

         6. Adjourned Meetings. A properly called  shareholders'  meeting may be
adjourned from time to time by a majority in interest of those present in person
or by proxy and entitled to vote thereat. At any such adjourned meeting at which
a quorum shall be present,  any business may be transacted which might have been
transacted at the meeting as originally notified. If the adjournment is for more
than 120 days,  or if after the  adjournment  a new record date is fixed for the
adjourned  meeting,  a notice of the  adjourned  meeting  shall be given to each
shareholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting;  otherwise,  no notice of
such adjourned meeting need be given if the time and place thereof are announced
at the meeting at which the  adjournment is taken.  The absence from any meeting
of  shareholders  holding  the  number  of  shares  of stock of the  corporation
required by law, the Articles of  Incorporation  or these Bylaws for action upon
any given matter shall not prevent  action at such meeting upon any other matter
or matters which may properly come before the meeting, if there shall be present
thereat in person or by proxy shareholders holding the number of shares of stock
of the corporation required in respect of such other matter or matters.

         7. Inspectors of Election.  In advance of any meeting of  shareholders,
the Chairman of the Board, President,  Treasurer or Secretary of the corporation
shall appoint one or more inspectors of election to serve at such meeting and to
make a written report with respect thereto.  In addition,  any such officer may,
but shall  not be  required  to,  designate  one or more  persons  as  alternate
inspectors  to  replace  any  inspector  who fails to act.  If no  inspector  or
alternate is able to act at a meeting of shareholders,  the presiding officer at
such meeting  shall appoint one or more  inspectors to act at the meeting.  Each
inspector  shall  discharge his or her duties in accordance  with applicable law
and shall,  before  entering upon the  discharge of his or her duties,  take and
sign an  oath  faithfully  to  execute  the  duties  of  inspector  with  strict
impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability.

         8. List of Shareholders.  A complete list of the shareholders  entitled
to  vote  at  each  annual  or  special  meeting  of  the  shareholders  of  the
corporation,  arranged in alphabetical  order,  showing the address of record of
each and the number of voting  shares  held by each,  shall be  prepared  by the
Secretary or the transfer agent, who shall have charge of the stock ledger,  and

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at least ten (10) days before  every such  meeting  shall be kept on file at the
principal  office of the  corporation  or at the office of its transfer agent or
registrar,  and  shall,  during  the usual  hours for  business,  be open to the
examination of any  shareholder in accordance  with Virginia law, and during the
whole time of said meeting be open to the examination of any shareholder for the
purposes thereof.

         9. Voting.  Subject to the  provisions of Section 10 of this Article II
of these  Bylaws,  each  holder of stock of a class which is entitled to vote in
any election or on any other  questions at any annual or special  meeting of the
shareholders  shall be entitled to one vote, in person or by written proxy,  for
each share of such class held of record. Except where, and to the extent that, a
different  percentage  of votes  and/or a different  exercise of voting power is
prescribed by law, the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws,  the following
applies:

                  (i) Any corporate action, except the election of directors, an
         amendment or restatement of the Articles of Incorporation,  a merger, a
         statutory  share  exchange,   sale  or  other  disposition  of  all  or
         substantially all the corporation's  assets otherwise than in the usual
         and regular course of business,  or dissolution  shall, for each voting
         group entitled to vote on the matter, be approved at a meeting at which
         a quorum of the  voting  group is present if the votes cast in favor of
         the action exceed the votes cast against the action;


                  (ii)  Directors  shall be elected by a plurality  of the votes
         cast by the shares  entitled  to vote in the  election  at a meeting at
         which a quorum is present; and


                  (iii)  An  amendment  or   restatement   of  the  Articles  of
         Incorporation,  a  merger,  statutory  share  exchange,  sale or  other
         disposition  of all  or  substantially  all  the  corporation's  assets
         otherwise  than  in the  usual  and  regular  course  of  business,  or
         dissolution  shall be approved  by a majority of the votes  present and
         entitled  to  vote  by  each  voting  group  entitled  to  vote  on the
         transaction  at a  meeting  at which a quorum  of the  voting  group is
         present.


         10.  Determination of Shareholders of Record.  The share transfer books
may be closed by order of the board of  directors  for not more than 70 days for
the purpose of determining  shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any
meeting of the  shareholders or any adjournment  thereof (or entitled to receive
any  distribution  or in order to make a determination  of shareholders  for any
other purpose). In lieu of closing such books, the board of directors may fix in
advance as the record  date for any such  determination  a date not more than 70
days before the date on which such  meeting is to be held (or such  distribution
made or other action requiring such  determination is to be taken). If the books
are not thus closed or the record date is not thus fixed,  the record date shall
be the close of business on the day before the  effective  date of the notice to
shareholders.


         11.  Matters to be Brought  Before  Shareholders'  Meetings.  Except as
otherwise provided by law, at any annual or special meeting of shareholders only
such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly  brought before the
meeting in accordance with this Section.

         In order to be properly brought before the meeting,  such business must
have either  been (i)  specified  in the  written  notice of the meeting (or any
supplement  thereto) given to shareholders of record on the record date for such
meeting by or at the  direction of the Board of Directors,  (ii) brought  before
the meeting at the direction of the Board of Directors or the officer  presiding
over the meeting,  or (iii)  specified in a written notice given by or on behalf
of a shareholder of record on the record date for such meeting  entitled to vote
thereat or a duly authorized proxy for such shareholder,  in accordance with all
the following requirements.

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         A  notice  referred  to  in  clause  (iii)  hereof  must  be  delivered
personally to, or mailed to and received at, the principal  executive  office of
the corporation,  addressed to the attention of the Secretary, not more than ten
(10) days after the date of the initial notice referred to in clause (i) hereof,
in the case of business to be brought before a special meeting of  shareholders,
and not less than  thirty (30) days prior to the first  anniversary  date of the
initial  notice  referred to in clause (i) hereof of the previous  year's annual
meeting,  in the case of  business  to be  brought  before an annual  meeting of
shareholders, except that any such notice given by or on behalf of a shareholder
beneficially  owning 15% or more of the  corporation's  common  stock must be so
delivered  or  received  not later than April 23 of the year in which the annual
meeting is to be held and further provided,  however, that such notice shall not
be required to be given more than ninety (90) days prior to an annual meeting of
shareholders. Such notice referred to in clause (iii) hereof shall set forth:

                  (a) a full description of each such item of business  proposed
         to be brought before the meeting;

                  (b) the name and address of the person proposing to bring such
         business before the meeting;

                  (c) the  class  and  number of  shares  held of  record,  held
         beneficially  and  represented by proxy by such person as of the record
         date for the  meeting (if such date has been made  publicly  available)
         and as of the date of such notice;

                  (d) if any item of such  business  involves a  nomination  for
         director,  all  information  regarding  each such nominee that would be
         required to be set forth in a definitive proxy statement filed with the
         Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  pursuant  to  Section  14 of the
         Securities  Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,  or any successor thereto
         and the written consent of each such nominee to serve if elected; and

                  (e) all other  information  that would be required to be filed
         with the  Securities  and Exchange  Commission  if, with respect to the
         business  proposed  to  be  brought  before  the  meeting,  the  person
         proposing such business was a participant in a solicitation  subject to
         Section 14 of the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,  or any
         successor thereto.

Any  matter  brought  before a  meeting  of  shareholders  upon the  affirmative
recommendation  of the Board of  Directors  where such matter is included in the
written notice of the meeting (or any supplement thereto) and accompanying proxy
statement given to shareholders of record on the record date for such meeting by
or at the  direction of the Board of  Directors is deemed to be properly  before
the  shareholders  for a vote and does not need to be moved or seconded from the
floor of such  meeting.  No  business  shall be brought  before  any  meeting of
shareholders of the corporation otherwise than as provided in this Section.


                        ARTICLE III - Board of Directors

         1.  Number;  Term of Office;  Powers.  The  business and affairs of the
corporation shall be under the direction of a Board of Directors,  consisting of
a minimum of five (5) and a maximum of eight (8) persons,  with the number to be
fixed or changed from time to time,  within such minimum and maximum  range,  by
resolution of the Board of Directors. In the absence of a specific resolution to
the  contrary,  the number of directors  shall be fixed at the number of persons

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nominated by the Board of Directors for election as directors in connection with
the annual meeting of shareholders. Directors shall be elected for one year, and
shall hold office until their  successors are elected and  qualified.  Directors
need not be  shareholders.  In  addition  to the power and  authority  expressly
conferred upon them by the Bylaws and the Articles of  Incorporation,  the Board
of Directors  may exercise  all such powers of the  corporation  and do all such
lawful acts and things as are not by law or by the Articles of  Incorporation or
by  these  Bylaws   directed  or  required  to  be  exercised  or  done  by  the
shareholders.

         2.  Eligibility  to Serve.  No person  shall be  eligible  to stand for
election or  re-election to the Board of Directors in the  corporation's  fiscal
year in which such person shall have his or her 70th  birthday,  except that any
director  serving at  January  1, 1996 who was then 65 years old or older  shall
continue to be eligible to serve until age 72.

         3. Resignations.  Any director may resign at any time by giving written
notice of resignation to the Board of Directors, to the Chairman of the Board of
Directors or to the Secretary of the  corporation.  Any such  resignation  shall
take  effect  at the time  specified  therein,  or if the time be not  specified
therein,  the upon receipt thereof. The acceptance of such resignation shall not
be necessary to make it effective.

         4.  Vacancies.  Except as otherwise  specifically  provided by law, the
Articles  of  Incorporation  or these  Bylaws,  all  vacancies  in the  Board of
Directors,  whether  caused by  resignation,  death,  increase  in the number of
authorized  directors or otherwise,  may be filled by a majority of the Board of
Directors then in office, even though less than a quorum, or by the shareholders
at a special  meeting.  A director  thus elected to fill any vacancy  shall hold
office until the next annual  meeting of  shareholders  and until a successor is
elected and qualified.

         5. Annual  Meeting.  The annual meeting of the Board of Directors,  for
the election of officers and the transaction of other business, shall be held on
the same day and at the same place as, and as soon as practicable following, the
annual meeting of  shareholders,  or at such other date, time or place within or
outside  the  Commonwealth  of  Virginia  as the  directors  may  by  resolution
designate.

         6. Regular  Meetings.  Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall
be held at such times,  and at such place within or outside the  Commonwealth of
Virginia,  as the  Board  of  Directors  may  from  time to  time by  resolution
designate.

         7. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the directors may be called at
any time by the Chairman of the Board of Directors or the  President;  or by the
Secretary  upon  written  request of one-third  of the  directors,  such request
stating  the purpose  for which the  meeting is to be called.  Special  meetings
shall be held at the  principal  office  of the  corporation  or at such  office
within or outside the Commonwealth of Virginia as the directors may from time to
time designate.

         8.  Notice  of  Meetings.  Except  as  otherwise  required  by law or a
resolution of the Board of Directors, notice of special meetings of the Board of
Directors or of any  committee of the Board of Directors  shall be given to each
director or to each committee  member,  as the case may be, by mail at least two
days before the day on which the meeting is to be held or by personal  delivery,
word-of-mouth,  telephone,  telegraph, radio, cable or other comparable means at
least six hours before the time at which the meeting is to be held.  Such notice
shall state the time and place of such meeting,  but need not state the purposes
thereof unless otherwise  required by law. No notice need be given of the annual
meeting of directors or of regular meetings of directors or of committees of the
Board of Directors,  provided that,  whenever the time or place of such meetings
shall be fixed or changed, notice of such action shall be given promptly to each
director  or to each  committee  member,  as the case may be, who shall not have
been present at the meeting at which such action was taken.


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         9. Quorum;  Adjourned Meetings;  Required Vote. A majority of the Board
of Directors as constituted  from time to time shall be necessary and sufficient
at all meetings to constitute a quorum for the  transaction of business.  In the
absence of a quorum,  a majority of those  present may adjourn the meeting  from
time to time and the meeting may be held as  adjourned  without  further  notice
provided  a quorum  be  present  at such  adjourned  meeting.  Unless  otherwise
specifically  provided by the  Articles of  Incorporation  or law,  the act of a
majority of the  directors  present at any  properly  convened  meeting at which
there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors.

         10. Committees.  Standing or Temporary Committees may be appointed from
their own number by the Board of Directors  from time to time, and the directors
may from time to time vest such committees with such powers as the directors may
see fit,  subject to such conditions as the directors may prescribe or as may be
prescribed by law. All committees  shall consist of two or more  directors.  The
term of office of the members of each  committee  shall be as fixed from time to
time by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that any committee member who
ceases to be a director  shall ipso facto  cease to be a committee  member.  Any
member of any  committee may be removed at any time with or without cause by the
Board of Directors,  and any vacancy in any committee may be filled by the Board
of Directors.  All committees  shall keep regular minutes of their  transactions
and shall cause them to be recorded in books kept for that purpose in the office
of the corporation, and shall report the same to the Board of Directors at their
regular meetings.  Subject to this Section 9 and except as otherwise  determined
by the Board of Directors,  each committee may make rules for the conduct of its
business.

         11.  Compensation.   Directors,  as  such,  may  receive,  pursuant  to
resolution  of the  Board of  Directors,  fixed  fees,  other  compensation  and
expenses  for  their  services  as  directors,  including,  without  limitation,
services as chairmen or as members of  committees  of the  directors;  provided,
however,  that  nothing  herein  contained  shall be  construed  to preclude any
director  from  serving the  corporation  in any other  capacity  and  receiving
compensation therefor.

         12.  Consents in Writing.  Any action required or permitted to be taken
at any  meeting of the Board of  Directors  or of any  committee  thereof may be
taken  without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors or  committee,
as the case may be, consent thereto in writing,  and the writing or writings are
filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee.

         13.  Participation  by  Conference  Telephone.  Members of the Board of
Directors  or of any  committee  may  participate  in a meeting of such Board of
Directors or committee,  as the case may be, by means of conference telephone or
similar communications  equipment by means of which all persons participating in
the meeting can hear each other,  and  participation  in a meeting by such means
shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.

                              ARTICLE IV - Officers

         1. Officers. The officers of the corporation shall be a Chairman of the
Board of Directors,  a President,  one or more Vice  Presidents,  one or more of
whom may be an Executive  Vice  President,  a Secretary,  a Treasurer,  and such
other  officers  and  assistant  officers as the Board of  Directors  shall deem
appropriate, all of whom shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
One person may hold more than one office.

         2. Chairman of the Board.  The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall
preside  at all  meetings  of  shareholders  and  directors,  shall be the chief
executive  officer of the corporation and, subject to the direction of the Board
of Directors,  shall have general supervision and management of the business and
affairs  of the  corporation  and shall  perform  all such  other  duties as are
incident to such office or are properly required by the Board of Directors.

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         3. President. The President shall be the chief operating officer of the
corporation  and shall,  subject to the  direction of the Board of Directors and
the Chairman of the Board of  Directors,  direct and  supervise the business and
affairs  of the  corporation  and shall  perform  all such  other  duties as are
incident to such office or as are properly required by the Board of Directors or
the Chairman of the Board of Directors.  During the absence or disability of the
Chairman of the Board of Directors,  the President shall exercise all powers and
discharge all the duties of the Chairman of the Board of Directors.

         4. Executive Vice  Presidents  and Other Vice  Presidents.  Each of the
Executive Vice Presidents and other Vice Presidents shall perform such duties as
are properly  required by the Board of  Directors,  the Chairman of the Board of
Directors or the President.

         5.  Treasurer.  The Treasurer  shall have the custody of all moneys and
securities  of the  corporation  and  shall  keep or cause  to be kept  accurate
accounts of all money  received or payments made in books kept for that purpose.
The Treasurer shall deposit or cause to be deposited funds of the corporation in
accordance  with  Article V,  Section 2 of these  Bylaws and shall  disburse the
funds of the  corporation  by checks or vouchers as  authorized  by the Board of
Directors.  The  Treasurer  shall keep or cause to be kept all books of accounts
and accounting records of the corporation and shall keep and maintain,  or cause
to be kept and maintained,  adequate and correct  accounts of the properties and
business  transactions of the corporation.  The Treasurer shall prepare or cause
to be prepared  appropriate  financial  statements for the corporation and shall
have such other  powers and perform  such other duties as may be incident to the
office of Treasurer.

         6.  Secretary.  The Secretary shall keep the minutes of the meetings of
the shareholders and of the Board of Directors,  and, when required, the minutes
of the meetings of the  committees,  and shall be responsible for the custody of
all such minutes.  The  Secretary  shall be  responsible  for the custody of the
stock ledger and documents of the corporation.  The Secretary shall have custody
of the  corporate  seal and shall affix and attest  such seal to any  instrument
whose  execution  under seal shall have been duly authorized and enjoy all other
powers incident to the office of Secretary.

         7. Other  Officers  and  Assistant  Officers.  All other  officers  and
assistant  officers  shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall
be determined  from time to time by the Board of Directors,  the Chairman of the
Board of Directors or the President.

         8. Term of Office;  Vacancies. Each officer shall hold office until the
annual  meeting of the Board of Directors  following  the end of the term of the
Board by which such  officer is  elected,  except in the case of earlier  death,
resignation  or removal.  Vacancies in any office  arising from any cause may be
filled by the directors at any regular or special meeting.

         9. Removal.  Any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors
may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by the Board of Directors.

         10. Proxies. Unless otherwise prescribed by the Board of Directors, the
Chairman  of the  Board of  Directors  or the  President  may from  time to time
himself, by such proxy or proxies, attorney or attorneys, agent or agents of the
corporation as he shall designate in the name and on behalf of the  corporation,
cast the votes to which the  corporation  may be  entitled as a  shareholder  or
otherwise in any other  corporation,  at meetings,  or consent in writing to any
action by any such other  corporation;  and he may  instruct the  individual  or
individuals  so  appointed as to the manner of casting such votes or giving such
consent,  and execute or cause to be executed on behalf of the corporation  such
written proxies, consents, waivers or other instruments as he may deem necessary
or desirable.

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                        ARTICLE V - Dividends and Finance

         1. Dividends. Dividends may be declared to the full extent permitted by
law at such times as the Board of Directors shall direct.

         2. Deposits;  Withdrawals;  Notes and Other Instruments.  The moneys of
the corporation  shall be deposited in the name of the corporation in such banks
or trust  companies  as shall be  designated  by, and shall be drawn out only by
check signed by, persons designated from time to time, by the Board of Directors
or by an  officer  of this  corporation  to whom  the  Board  of  Directors  has
delegated such  authority.  All notes and other  instruments  for the payment of
money shall be signed or endorsed by officers or other  person  authorized  from
time to time by the Board of Directors or by an officer of this  corporation  to
whom the Board of Directors has delegated such authority.

         3. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the corporation  shall date from the
first day of January in each year.

                     ARTICLE VI - Books and Records; Offices

         1.  Books  and  Records.  The  books,   accounts  and  records  of  the
corporation, except as may be otherwise required by the laws of the Commonwealth
of  Virginia,  may be kept within or outside of the said State at such places as
the Board of Directors may from time to time appoint.

         2. Offices.  The  corporation may have offices in the City of Richmond,
Virginia  and at such other  places as the Board of  Directors  may from time to
time designate or the business of the corporation may require.

                              ARTICLE VII - Notices

         1.  Notices.  Whenever any  provision  of law or these Bylaws  requires
notice to be given to any director,  officer or shareholder,  such notice may be
given in writing by mailing the same to such director, officer or shareholder at
his or her address as the same appears in the books of the  corporation,  unless
such  shareholder  shall have filed with the  Secretary a written  request  that
notices  intended for him or her be mailed to some other address,  in which case
it shall be mailed to the address designated in such request.  The time when the
same  shall be  mailed  shall be  deemed  to be the time of the  giving  of such
notice.  This  section  shall not be deemed to preclude  the giving of notice by
other means if permitted by the applicable provision of law or these Bylaws.

         2.  Waivers of Notice.  A waiver of any notice in writing,  signed by a
shareholder or director,  whether before or after the time stated in said waiver
for holding a meeting,  shall be deemed  equivalent  to a notice  required to be
given to any shareholder or director.

         A  shareholder's  or  director's  attendance at or  participation  in a
meeting  waives  any  required  notice  to him of the  meeting  unless he at the
beginning of the meeting or promptly upon his arrival  objects to the holding of
the  meeting  or the  transaction  of  business  at the  meeting  and  does  not
thereafter vote for or assent to the action taken at the meeting.


                       ARTICLE VIII - Conflict of Interest

         1. Interested Directors or Officers. No contract or transaction between
the  corporation  and one or more of its  directors or officers,  or between the
corporation  and  any  other  corporation,  partnership,  association  or  other
organization  in  which  one  or  more  of  the  directors  or  officers  of the
corporation are directors or officers,  or have a financial  interest,  shall be

                                       8


void or voidable  solely for this  reason,  or solely  because  the  director or
officer of the  corporation is present at or  participates in the meeting of the
Board of  Directors  or  committee  thereof  which  authorizes  the  contract or
transaction,  or solely  because  his,  her or their  votes are counted for such
purpose, if:

                  (i) the material facts of the  transaction  and the director's
         or officer's  interest are disclosed or known to the board of directors
         or a  committee  of the board of  directors,  and the  transaction  was
         authorized,  approved or ratified by the affirmative vote of a majority
         of the directors on the board of directors,  or on the  committee,  who
         have no  direct  or  indirect  personal  interest  in the  transaction;
         provided, however, that a transaction shall not be authorized, approved
         or ratified by a single director; or

                  (ii) the material facts of the  transaction and the director's
         or officer's  interest are  disclosed to the  shareholders  entitled to
         vote, and the  transaction  is authorized,  approved or ratified by the
         vote of a majority of the shares  other than  shares  owned by or voted
         under the control of a director or officer who has a direct or indirect
         interest in the transaction; or

                  (iii) the transaction is fair to the corporation.

                                ARTICLE IX - Seal

         1. Seal.  The corporate  seal of the  corporation  shall be a flat-face
circular die containing the name of the  corporation,  of which there may be any
number of  counterparts  or  facsimiles,  in such form as the Board of Directors
shall from time to time adopt.


                             ARTICLE X - Amendments

         1. Amendments.  These bylaws may be amended or repealed by the Board of
Directors  except to the extent that: (i) this power is reserved  exclusively to
the  shareholders  by  law  or  the  articles  of  incorporation;  or  (ii)  the
shareholders in adopting or amending  particular  bylaws provide  expressly that
the Board of  Directors  may not amend or repeal the same.  These  bylaws may be
amended or repealed by the shareholders even though the same also may be amended
or repealed by the Board of Directors.



                                       9


                   Article II, Section 11 of Bylaws as amended
                 4/8/99* (added language indicated by bold-face
                                  blacklining)


                  RESOLVED  THAT, it is in the best interest of the  corporation
to amend  Section 11 of Article  II of the  corporation's  bylaws to read in its
entirety as follows:


         11.  Matters to be Brought  Before  Shareholders'  Meetings.  Except as
otherwise provided by law, at any annual or special meeting of shareholders only
such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly  brought before the
meeting in accordance with this Section.

         In order to be properly brought before the meeting,  such business must
have either  been (i)  specified  in the  written  notice of the meeting (or any
supplement  thereto) given to shareholders of record on the record date for such
meeting by or at the  direction of the Board of Directors,  (ii) brought  before
the meeting at the direction of the Board of Directors or the officer  presiding
over the meeting,  or (iii)  specified in a written notice given by or on behalf
of a shareholder of record on the record date for such meeting  entitled to vote
thereat or a duly authorized proxy for such shareholder,  in accordance with all
the following requirements.

         A  notice  referred  to  in  clause  (iii)  hereof  must  be  delivered
personally to, or mailed to and received at, the principal  executive  office of
the corporation,  addressed to the attention of the Secretary, not more than ten
(10) days after the date of the initial notice referred to in clause (i) hereof,
in the case of business to be brought before a special meeting of  shareholders,
and not less than  thirty (30) days prior to the first  anniversary  date of the
initial  notice  referred to in clause (i) hereof of the previous  year's annual
meeting,  in the case of  business  to be  brought  before an annual  meeting of
shareholders, EXCEPT THAT ANY SUCH NOTICE GIVEN BY OR ON BEHALF OF A SHAREHOLDER
BENEFICIALLY  OWNING 15% OR MORE OF THE  CORPORATION'S  COMMON  STOCK MUST BE SO
DELIVERED  OR  RECEIVED  NOT LATER THAN APRIL 23 OF THE YEAR IN WHICH THE ANNUAL
MEETING IS TO BE HELD AND FURTHER provided,  however, that such notice shall not
be required to be given more than ninety (90) days prior to an annual meeting of
shareholders. Such notice referred to in clause (iii) hereof shall set forth:

                  (a) a full description of each such item of business  proposed
         to be brought before the meeting;

                  (b) the name and address of the person proposing to bring such
         business before the meeting;

                  (c) the  class  and  number of  shares  held of  record,  held
         beneficially  and  represented by proxy by such person as of the record
         date for the  meeting (if such date has been made  publicly  available)
         and as of the date of such notice;

                  (d) if any item of such  business  involves a  nomination  for
         director,  all  information  regarding  each such nominee that would be
         required to be set forth in a definitive proxy statement filed with the
         Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  pursuant  to  Section  14 of the
         Securities  Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,  or any successor thereto
         and the written consent of each such nominee to serve if elected; and

                  (e) all other  information  that would be required to be filed
         with the  Securities  and Exchange  Commission  if, with respect to the
         business  proposed  to  be  brought  before  the  meeting,  the  person
         proposing such business was a participant in a solicitation  subject to
         Section 14 of the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,  or any
         successor thereto.

Any  matter  brought  before a  meeting  of  shareholders  upon the  affirmative
recommendation  of the Board of  Directors  where such matter is included in the
written notice of the meeting (or any supplement thereto) and accompanying proxy
statement given to shareholders of record on the record date for such meeting by
or at the  direction of the Board of  Directors is deemed to be properly  before
the  shareholders  for a vote and does not need to be moved or seconded from the
floor of such  meeting.  No  business  shall be brought  before  any  meeting of
shareholders of the corporation otherwise than as provided in this Section.


- ------------------------------------------
* The added language was initially adopted by amendment on February 18, 1999 and
at that time  contained a date of March 15, 1999 rather than the current date of
April 23, 1999.  Before the most recent  amendment of this provision on April 8,
1999,  which is set forth  herein,  the March 15 date was  further  extended  by
amendment on several occasions.