Exhibit 99.3
 

            GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
                         NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9
 
GUIDELINES FOR DETERMINING THE PROPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER TO GIVE THE
PAYER.-- Social Security numbers have nine digits separated by two hyphens:
i.e. 000-00-0000. Employer identification numbers have nine digits separated
by only one hyphen: i.e. 00-0000000. The table below will help determine the
number to give the payer.
 
- -----------------------------------        -----------------------------------
 
 


                            GIVE THE TAXPAYER
                            IDENTIFICATION
FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT:   NUMBER OF--
- ---------------------------------------------
                         
1. An individual's account  The individual
2. Two or more individuals  The actual owner
   (joint account)          of the account
                            or, if combined
                            funds, the first
                            individual on
                            the account(1)
3. Custodian account of a   The minor(2)
   minor (Uniform Gift to
   Minors Act)
4.a. The usual revocable    The grantor-
   savings trust account    trustee(1)
   (grantor is also
   trustee)
b. So-called trust account  The actual
   that is not a legal or   owner(1)
   valid trust under State
   law
5. Sole proprietorship      The owner(3)
9. A valid trust, estate,   The legal entity
   or pension trust         (Do not furnish
                            the identifying
                            number of the
                            personal
                            representative
                            or trustee
                            unless the legal
                            entity itself is
                            not designated
                            in the account
                            title.)(4)
- ---------------------------------------------




                            GIVE THE TAXPAYER
                            IDENTIFICATION
FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT:   NUMBER OF--
                                           --
                         
 7. Corporate account       The corporation
 8. Religious, charitable,  The organization
    or educational
    organization account
 9. Partnership account     The partnership
10. Association, club, or   The organization
    other tax-exempt
    organization
11. A broker or registered  The broker or
    nominee                 nominee
12. Account with the        The public
    Department of           entity
    Agriculture in the
    name of a public
    entity (such as a
    state or local
    government, school
    district, or prison)
    that receives
    agricultural program
    payments
                                           --

 
(1) List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish. If
    only one person on a joint account has an SSN, that person's number must
    be furnished.
(2) Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security number.
(3) Show your individual name. You may also enter your business or "doing
    business as" name. You may use either your social security number or your
    employer identification number.
(4) List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate, or pension
    trust.
 
NOTE: If no name is circled when there is more than one name listed, the
      number will be considered to be that of the first name listed.

 
            GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
                         NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9
                                    PAGE 2
Note: Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise
   noted.
 
OBTAINING A NUMBER
If you do not have a taxpayer identification number or you don't know your
number, obtain Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Number Card (for
individuals), or Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number
(for businesses and all other entities), at the local office of the Social
Security Administration or the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") and apply
for a number.
 
PAYEES AND PAYMENTS EXEMPT FROM BACKUP WITHHOLDING
The following is a list of payees exempt from backup withholding and for which
no information reporting is required. For interest and dividends, all listed
payees are exempt except item (9). For broker transactions, payees listed in
items (1) through (13) and a person registered under the Investment Advisors
Act of 1940 who regularly acts as a broker are exempt. Payments subject to
reporting under sections 6041 and 6041A are generally exempt from backup
withholding only if made to payees described in items (1) through (7), except
a corporation (other than certain hospitals described in Regulations section
1.6041-3(c)) that provides medical and health care services or bills and
collects payments for such services is not exempt from backup withholding or
information reporting. Only payees described in items (1) through (5) are
exempt from backup withholding for barter exchange transactions and patronage
dividends.
(1) An organization exempt from tax under section 501(a), or an IRA, or a
custodial account under section 403(b)(7), if the account satisfies the
requirements of section 401(f)(2).
(2) The United States or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
(3) A state, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States, or
any of their political subdivisions or instrumentalities.
(4) A foreign government or any of its political subdivisions, agencies or
instrumentalities.
(5) An international organization or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
(6) A corporation.
(7) A foreign central bank of issue.
(8) A dealer in securities or commodities required to register in the United
States, the District of Columbia or a possession of the United States.
(9) A futures commission merchant registered with the Commodity Futures
Trading Commission.
(10) A real estate investment trust.
(11) An entity registered at all times during the tax year under the
Investment Company Act of 1940.
(12) A common trust fund operated by a bank under section 584(a).
(13) A financial institution.
(14) A middleman known in the investment community as a nominee or listed in
the most recent publication of the American Society of Corporate Secretaries,
Inc., Nominee List.
(15) A trust exempt from tax under section 664 or described in section 4947.
Payments of dividends and patronage dividends that generally are exempt from
backup withholding include the following:
 . Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under section 1441.
 . Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the U.S.
   and which have at least one nonresident alien partner.
 . Payments of patronage dividends not paid in money.
 . Payments made by certain foreign organizations.
 . Section 404(k) payments made by an ESOP.
Payments of interest that generally are exempt from backup withholding include
the following:
 . Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals. Note: You may
   be subject to backup withholding if this interest is $600 or more and is
   paid in the course of the payer's trade or business and you have not
   provided your correct taxpayer identification number to the payor.
 . Payments of tax-exempt interest (including exempt-interest dividends under
   section 852).
 . Payments described in section 6049(b)(5) to non-resident aliens.
 . Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under section 1451.
 . Payments made by certain foreign organizations.
 . Payments of mortgage interest to you.
Exempt payees described above should file substitute Form W-9 to avoid
possible erroneous backup withholding. FILE THIS FORM WITH THE PAYER, FURNISH
YOUR TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, WRITE "EXEMPT" ON THE FACE OF THE FORM,
SIGN AND DATE THE FORM AND RETURN IT TO THE PAYER. IF YOU ARE A NON-RESIDENT
ALIEN OR A FOREIGN ENTITY NOT SUBJECT TO BACKUP WITHHOLDING, FILE WITH PAYER A
COMPLETED INTERNAL REVENUE FORM W-8 (CERTIFICATE OF FOREIGN STATUS).
 Payments that are not subject to information reporting are also not subject
to backup withholding. For details, see sections 6041, 6041A, 6042, 6044,
6045, 6049, 6050A and 6050N and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
PRIVACY ACT NOTICE.--Section 6109 requires most recipients of dividend,
interest, or other payments to give taxpayer identification numbers to payors
who must report the payments to the IRS. The IRS uses the numbers for
identification purposes. Payers must generally withhold 31% of taxable
interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who does not furnish
a taxpayer identification number to a payer. Certain penalties may also apply.
 
PENALTIES
(1) PENALTY FOR FAILURE TO FURNISH TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER.--If you
fail to furnish your correct taxpayer identification number to a requester,
you are subject to a penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure
is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect.
(2) CIVIL PENALTY FOR FALSE INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO WITHHOLDING.--If you
make a false statement with no reasonable basis which results in no imposition
of backup withholding, you are subject to a penalty of $500.
(3) CRIMINAL PENALTY FOR FALSIFYING INFORMATION.--Willfully falsifying
certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including
fines and/or imprisonment.
FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE
SERVICE.