Exhibit 99.5

                   GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER
                 IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

Guidelines for determining the proper identification number to give the payer.
- --Social Security numbers have nine digits separated by two hyphens: i.e. 
000-00-0000. Employer identification numbers have nine digits separated by only
one hyphen: i.e. 00-0000000. The table below will help determine the number to
give the payer.



 
                                                  GIVE THE SOCIAL SECURITY
FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT:                         NUMBER OF --
                                            
1.    An individual                     The individual's account
 
2.    Two or more individuals           The actual owner
      (joint account)                   of the account or, if combined funds,
                                        any one of the individuals(1) 
 
3.    Husband and wife (joint           The actual owner
      account)                          of the account or, if joint funds,
                                        either person(1)
 
4     Custodian account of a            The minor(2)
      minor (Uniform Gift to 
      Minors Act)
 
5.    Adult and minor (joint            The adult or, if
      account)                          the minor is the only contributor,
                                        the minor(1)
 
6.    Account in the name of            The ward, minor, guardian or committee 
                                        for a or incompetent designated ward,
                                        minor, or person(3) incompetent person
 
7. a. The usual revocable               The grantor-
      savings trust account             trustee(1)
      (grantor is also trustee)
   b. So-called trust account           The actual
      that is not a legal or            owner(1)
      valid trust under State law
 
 
                                                  GIVE THE EMPLOYER
FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT:                         IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF --
 
8.    Sole proprietorship               The owner(4)
      account
 
9.    A valid trust, estate, or         The legal entity
      pension trust                     (Do not furnish the identifying number
                                        of the personal representative or
                                        trustee unless the legal entity itself
                                        is not designated in the account
                                        title.)(5)
                                        
10.   Corporate account                 The corporation



 

                                                            
11.   Religious, charitable, or          The organization
      educational organization account
 
12.   Partnership account held           The partnership
      in the name of the business
 
13.   Association, club, or              The organization
      other tax-exempt organization
 
14.   A broker or registered             The broker or
      nominee                            nominee
 
15.   Account with the                   The public entity
      Department of Agriculture          in the name of public entity 
                                         (such as a State or local a government, 
                                         school district, or prison) that receives
                                         agricultural program payments  
                                                      


(1)  List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish.
(2)  Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security number.
(3)  Circle the ward's, minor's or incompetent person's name and furnish such
     person's social security number.
(4)  Show the name of the owner.
(5)  List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate, or pension 
     trust. 

NOTE:   If no name is circled when there is more than one name, the number will
        be considered to be that of the first name listed.

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            GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
                         NUMBER OF SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9
                                    PAGE 2

   OBTAINING A NUMBER

   If you don't have a taxpayer identification number or you don't know your
   number, obtain Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Number Card, or
   Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, at the local
   office of the Social Security Administration or the Internal Revenue Service
   and apply for a number.

   PAYEES EXEMPT FROM BACKUP WITHHOLDING

   Payees specifically exempted from backup withholding on ALL payments include
   the following:

   .  A corporation.

   .  A financial institution.

   .  An organization exempt from tax under section 501(a), or an individual
      retirement plan.

   .  The United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof.

   .  A State, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States, or
      any subdivision or instrumentality thereof.

   .  A foreign government, a political subdivision of a foreign government, or
      any agency or instrumentality thereof.

   .  An international organization or any agency, or instrumentality thereof.

   .  A registered dealer in securities or commodities registered in the U.S. or
      a possession of the U.S.

   .  A real estate investment trust.

   .  A common trust fund operated by a bank under section 584(a).

   .  An exempt charitable remainder trust, or a non-exempt trust described in
      section 4947(a)(1).

   .  An entity registered at all times under the Investment Company Act of
      1940.

   .  A foreign central bank of Issue.

   Payments of dividends and patronage dividends not generally subject to backup
   withholding include the following:

   .  Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under section 1441.

   .  Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the U.S.
      and which have at least one nonresident partner.

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   .  Payments of patronage dividends where the amount received is not paid in
      money.

   .  Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

   .  Payments made to a nominee.

   Payments of interest not generally subject to backup withholding include the
   following:

   .  Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals.  Note:  You may
                                                                  ----          
      be subject to backup withholding if this interest is $600 or more and is
      paid in the course of the payer's trade or business and you have not
      provided your correct taxpayer identification number to the payer.

   .  Payments of tax-exempt interest (including exempt-interest dividends under
      section 852).

   .  Payments described in section 6049(b)(5) to non-resident aliens.

   .  Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under section 1451.

   .  Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

   .  Payments made to a nominee.

   Exempt payees described above should file Form W-9 to avoid possible
   erroneous backup withholding.  FILE THIS FORM WITH THE PAYER, FURNISH YOUR
   TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, WRITE "EXEMPT" ON THE FACE OF THE FORM, AND
   RETURN IT TO THE PAYER.  IF THE PAYMENTS ARE INTEREST, DIVIDENDS, OR
   PATRONAGE DIVIDENDS, ALSO SIGN AND DATE THE FORM.

   Certain payments other than interest, dividends, and patronage dividends,
   that are not subject to information reporting are also not subject to backup
   withholding.  For details, see the regulations under sections 6041, 6041A(a),
   6045, and 6050A.

   PRIVACY ACT NOTICE. --  Section 6109 requires most recipients of dividend,
   interest, or other payments to give taxpayer identification number to payers
   who must report the payments to IRS.  IRS uses the numbers for identification
   purposes. Payers must be given the numbers whether or not recipients are
   required to file tax returns.  Beginning January 1, 1993, payers must
   generally withhold 31% of taxable interest, dividend, and certain other
   payments to a payee who does not furnish a taxpayer identification number to
   a payer.  Certain penalties may also apply.

   PENALTIES

   (1) PENALTY FOR FAILURE TO FURNISH TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER.  --  If
   you fail to furnish your taxpayer identification number to a payer, you are
   subject to a penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due
   to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect.

   (2) FAILURE TO REPORT CERTAIN DIVIDEND AND INTEREST PAYMENTS.  -- If you fail
   to include any portion of an includible payment for interest, dividends, or
   patronage dividends in gross income, such failure will be treated as being
   due to negligence and will be subject to a penalty of 5% on any portion of an
   underpayment attributable to that failure unless there is clear and
   convincing evidence to the contrary.

   (3) CIVIL PENALTY FOR FALSE INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO WITHHOLDING. -- If
   you make a false statement with no reasonable basis which results in no
   imposition of backup withholding, you are subject to a penalty of $500.

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   (4) CRIMINAL PENALTY FOR FALSIFYING INFORMATION. -- Falsifying certifications
   or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including fines and/or
   imprisonment.

   FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL
   REVENUE SERVICE

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