Putnam High Yield Municipal Trust Item 1. Report to Stockholders: - ------------------------------- The following is a copy of the report transmitted to stockholders pursuant to Rule 30e-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940: ANNUAL REPORT ON PERFORMANCE AND OUTLOOK 3-31-04 [GRAPHIC OMITTED: WATCH] [SCALE LOGO OMITTED] From the Trustees [GRAPHIC OMITTED: PHOTO OF JOHN A. HILL AND GEORGE PUTNAM, III] John A. Hill and George Putnam, III Dear Fellow Shareholder: Although generally benign, recent conditions in financial markets have hardly been predictable. Over the past 12 months, massive stimulus from the 2003 tax cuts and from the Federal Reserve Board's low interest-rate policy has vanquished recessionary forces, restored economic growth, and recharged corporate earnings. In this environment, bonds have generally performed well but have been negatively influenced by an uncharacteristic lack of job growth that has kept bond yields near their lowest levels in 40 years. However, in months when job creation has surged, concerns about higher interest rates have caused bond prices to fall. In addition to these issues, terrorism and geopolitical uncertainty remain factors that occasionally influence markets, as when stocks slid and bonds rallied following the March terrorist bombings in Spain. Putnam's portfolio management teams have vigilantly monitored all of these factors and know there are opportunities and risks in any environment. They consistently adjust fund portfolios to pursue the opportunities their research identifies while seeking to manage risk exposure. We are pleased to report strong absolute returns for Putnam High Yield Municipal Trust during the 12 months ended March 31, 2004. Your fund's performance at net asset value surpassed that of its benchmark but trailed the fund's Lipper category average. You will find details on the facing page. During the annual period, the fund benefited from its emphasis on higher-yielding, lower-rated bonds in an environment that favored this segment of the market. Your fund's leverage strategy also worked to its benefit during the fiscal year, magnifying the benefits of its strong-performing holdings. Several distressed credits weighed on the fund's performance, accounting for its relative underperformance versus its Lipper category. At the conclusion of the following report, your fund management team offers its view of prospects for the municipal bond market in the months ahead. Respectfully yours, /S/ JOHN A. HILL /S/ GEORGE PUTNAM, III John A. Hill George Putnam, III Chairman of the Trustees President of the Funds May 19, 2004 Report from Fund Management Fund highlights * Putnam High Yield Municipal Trust recorded a solid gain for the 12 months ended March 31, 2004, with common shares returning 9.72% at net asset value (NAV) and 7.54% at market price. * An emphasis on higher-yielding, lower-quality credits as well as its use of leverage helped the fund's NAV results exceed those of its more broadly diversified benchmark, the Lehman Municipal Bond Index, which returned 5.86% for the period. * Some distressed credits held by the fund caused its performance at NAV to slightly lag the 10.18% average return of the funds in the Lipper High Yield Municipal Debt Funds (closed-end) category. * Declining yields across all fixed-income sectors prompted management to recommend a reduction in the fund's dividend, which occurred in November 2003. * See the Performance Summary beginning on page 8 for complete fund performance, comparative performance, and Lipper data. Performance commentary Against a backdrop of improving economic growth, falling default rates, rising credit quality, and demand from yield-hungry investors, higher-yielding, lower-rated municipal bonds generally outperformed their higher-quality counterparts during your fund's fiscal year. Since Putnam High Yield Municipal Trust invests in this segment of the municipal bond market, the fund turned in strong absolute performance and outpaced its more broadly diversified benchmark, the Lehman Municipal Bond Index. The fund's use of leverage benefited results as it magnified the success of its strong-performing holdings. Differences in portfolio composition, particularly exposure to several struggling lower-rated credits, caused the fund's performance to lag its Lipper peer group. Although returns at market price were lower than those at NAV, the gap narrowed substantially toward period-end, after widening significantly following the fund's dividend cut in November. FUND PROFILE Putnam High Yield Municipal Trust seeks to provide high current income free from federal income tax by investing in higher-yielding lower-rated municipal securities. The fund invests in a nationally diversified portfolio and draws on Putnam's extensive research capabilities to help manage the additional risk associated with high-yield bonds. The fund may be suitable for investors seeking tax-exempt income who are willing to accept the risks associated with below-investment-grade bonds. Market overview Municipal bond yields -- which move in the opposite direction of their prices -- were volatile during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2004. Concern about deflation led to falling yields through mid June. After rising through August, yields receded again in September on unfavorable housing and unemployment data. Through the remainder of the year, yields drifted and ended slightly higher. The ratio between yields of 10-year municipal bonds and 10-year Treasuries fluctuated, as municipals yielded about 80% of comparable Treasury yields at the end of December, then jumped back to about 90% by the end of March. Overall, the yield curve - -- which shows the difference in yields between shorter- and longer-maturity bonds -- flattened somewhat, and credit spreads -- the difference in yields between higher- and lower-rated bonds -- generally narrowed. The economy continued to improve on nearly all fronts, yet a lack of job growth continued to cause uncertainty. The Federal Reserve Board held the federal funds rate steady at 1%. The dollar weakened during the period. Municipal bond issuance remained strong. California residents approved $15 billion in deficit financing to help alleviate the state's budget crisis. Although ongoing tobacco litigation continued to make headlines, the municipal bond market largely discounted the news. Airline-related industrial development bonds continued to perform well. - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MARKET SECTOR PERFORMANCE 12 MONTHS ENDED 3/31/04 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Bonds - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Lehman Municipal Bond Index (tax-exempt bonds) 5.86% - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Lehman Aggregate Bond Index (broad bond market) 5.40% - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Lehman Government Bond Index (U.S. Treasury and agency securities) 4.24% - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Lehman Intermediate Treasury Bond Index (intermediate-maturity U.S. Treasury bonds) 3.48% - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Equities - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S&P 500 Index (broad stock market) 35.12% - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S&P Utilities Index (utilities stocks) 37.06% - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Russell 2000 Growth Index (small-company growth stocks) 63.16% - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ These indexes provide an overview of performance in different market sectors for the 12 months ended 3/31/04. - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Strategy overview We shortened the fund's duration (a measure of a fund's sensitivity to changes in interest rates) during the period, as in a strengthening economy it appears likely that interest rates would rise at some point. At the start of October the fund was slightly defensive. In January 2004 we shortened the duration further. This did not help the fund's performance until later in the period. We took the opportunity afforded by strong demand for higher-yielding municipal bonds to take profits where appropriate. We also continued to diversify the portfolio across multiple sectors and issuers. In line with the fund's objective, the portfolio remains overweight in lower-rated, higher yielding bonds, relative to its benchmark. We carefully monitored developments in the tobacco industry, particularly with regard to ongoing litigation and other factors affecting demand for tobacco settlement bonds, which are secured by the income stream from tobacco companies' settlement obligations to the states. The municipal bond market has largely ignored recent unfavorable headlines and the downgrading of some New York tobacco settlement bonds by Moody's rating service. In our view, the backdrop for the tobacco industry remains fundamentally positive. When values in this sector seemed attractive, we increased exposure and the fund remains overweighted in this sector of the market. As airline-related industrial development bonds continued to do well during the period, we sold some of the fund's holdings. We also looked for opportunities to swap into bonds that we considered undervalued due to differences in coupons and maturity. We carefully considered the individual issues to determine which airlines and debt structures best complemented the fund's portfolio. [GRAPHIC OMITTED: horizontal bar chart THE FUND'S MATURITY AND DURATION COMPARED] THE FUND'S MATURITY AND DURATION COMPARED 3/31/03 9/30/03 3/31/04 Average effective maturity in years 11.6 9.3 8.0 Duration in years 8.3 7.4 6.4 Footnote reads: This chart compares changes in the fund's duration (a measure of its sensitivity to interest-rate changes) and its average effective maturity (a weighted average of the holdings' maturities). Average effective maturity also takes into account put and call features, where applicable, and reflects prepayments for mortgage-backed securities. How fund holdings affected performance Airline-related industrial development bonds (IDBs) had a significant impact on performance during the year. IDBs are municipal bonds issued to encourage local expansion by various businesses. Typically, they are backed only by the credit of the company benefiting from the financing, not by the issuing municipality. So, investor perceptions about the backing company's health, or that of its industry group as a whole, affect the prices of these bonds. Early in the fiscal year, the airline industry continued to feel the effects of declining air traffic, high fixed costs, and high-profile bankruptcies. However, as geopolitical tensions eased following what appeared to be the end of full-scale conflict in Iraq and as the global economy began to show signs of increased growth, investors began to be more optimistic about the prospects for increased travel and improving airline industry fundamentals. This led to a sharp rise in the price of airline-backed IDBs as many of these bonds recovered from distressed price levels. The fund held IDBs backed by Continental Airlines, United Airlines, American Airlines, and Northwest Airlines and issued to fund airport facility improvements in California, Illinois, Texas, and Minnesota. We took advantage of price appreciation in this sector to selectively trim the fund's exposure. Since all of these holdings had been in the portfolio for some time, none of the sales resulted in a profit based on the acquisition cost, but the fund was able to sell on strength rather than in distress. We sought to focus the fund's airline exposure in issues backed by airlines such as British Airways or Northwest Airlines, which in our opinion have demonstrated more effective management than their competitors. Tobacco settlement bonds also generated strong results during the latter half of the period as they recovered from investor concerns about pending litigation -- some involving multibillion dollar judgments -- against tobacco companies. Investors worried that these potential liabilities would affect tobacco companies' ability to meet their settlement payment obligations to the states. This would have a negative impact on tobacco settlement bonds, which are secured by this promised income stream. [GRAPHIC OMITTED: pie chart CREDIT QUALITY OVERVIEW] CREDIT QUALITY OVERVIEW Aaa/AAA (21.5%) Aa/AA (1.7%) A (12.2%) Baa/BBB (32.2%) Ba/BB (16.0%) B and below (8.5%) VMIG1 (7.9%) Footnote reads: As a percentage of market value as of 3/31/04. A bond rated Baa or higher is considered investment grade. The chart reflects Moody's and Standard & Poor's ratings; percentages may include unrated bonds considered by Putnam Management to be of comparable quality. Ratings will vary over time. During the period, the litigation environment remained mixed. However, we believed investors had overreacted to adverse litigation headlines, driving down prices and making the sector attractive from a valuation perspective. Beginning in September, we increased the fund's exposure, moving the portfolio from an underweight to an overweight position relative to the benchmark. We purchased $2 million of revenue bonds issued by the Tobacco Settlement Financing Authority of New Jersey, for example, with a coupon of 6.375%, maturity date of 6/1/2032, and ratings of Baa2 from Moody's and BBB from Standard & Poor's. Against a backdrop of generally good conditions for high-yield municipal debt, there were a few securities that had a negative impact on performance during the period. The fund's exposure to revenue bonds issued by the California municipality of Gilroy for the amusement park, Bonfante Gardens Park, detracted from results during the period. Park attendance was lower than projections and investors began to question the park's ability to service its debt, sending the bond's price down sharply. The fund's management team is part of a group of investors working with the issuer to restructure the debt, including selling some park property and taking out a mortgage secured by the remaining property. The fund's investment in Atlas Boston Tax Exempt Trust also dampened results for the fiscal year. The Atlas Trust is a portfolio of municipal bonds issued to fund several apartment building projects. We viewed the investment as an effective way for the fund to gain diversified exposure to the real estate sector. The underlying projects did not meet their projections, sending the bonds into default. When measured at par value, this holding represented 0.51% of the fund's diversified portfolio. Another meaningful detractor was a revenue bond issued by the Michigan State Strategic Fund Solid Waste Disposal for the Genesee Power Station. In this instance we sought to reduce the fund's exposure to this weaker credit and needed to offer these bonds at an attractive price, which was lower than the fund's purchase price, to entice a buyer. Please note that all holdings discussed in this report are subject to review in accordance with the fund's investment strategy and may vary in the future. OF SPECIAL INTEREST Yields have declined significantly across all fixed-income sectors over the course of the prolonged bond-market rally. In addition, many issuers called their bonds, refinancing debt at lower rates. These factors required the fund management team to reinvest at lower prevailing rates. These forces prompted a reduction of the fund's monthly distribution from $0.0385 to $0.0335 per share in November 2003. The fund's management team The fund is managed by the Putnam Tax Exempt Fixed-Income Team. The members of the team are David Hamlin (Portfolio Leader), Paul Drury (Portfolio Member), Susan McCormack (Portfolio Member), James St. John (Portfolio Member), Richard Wyke (Portfolio Member), and Kevin Cronin. The outlook for your fund The following commentary reflects anticipated developments that could affect your fund over the next six months, as well as your management team's plans for responding to them. Lingering unemployment had been an anomaly in an otherwise robust economic recovery. However, in early April 2004, after the fiscal period ended, employment data at last showed improvement. We believe the underlying strength in the economy will foster higher interest rates in the future. In keeping with our views, the fund's duration is now relatively short to keep the portfolio defensively positioned. We believe that the credit quality of general obligation municipal bonds will remain under pressure, partly because tax revenues cannot be expected to grow significantly until taxpayers begin to report improved earnings. Although yield spreads between high- and low-quality municipal bonds have narrowed somewhat, we believe they could narrow further as credit fundamentals continue to improve. As a result, we may see more opportunity for potential gain in this area because if the yields required to attract buyers to lower-quality bonds continue to fall, prices on the portfolio's existing higher-yielding holdings would rise. We plan to sustain the fund's higher credit risk profile while maintaining a diversified portfolio. We will continue to monitor market conditions as we pursue a high level of tax-free income and manage the fund's risk exposures. The views expressed in this report are exclusively those of Putnam Management. They are not meant as investment advice. Lower-rated bonds may offer higher yields in return for more risk. Performance summary This section shows your fund's performance during its fiscal year, which ended March 31, 2004. Performance should always be considered in light of a fund's investment strategy. Data represents past performance. Past performance does not guarantee future results. More recent returns may be less or more than those shown. Investment return, net asset value, and market price will fluctuate and you may have a gain or a loss when you sell your shares. - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TOTAL RETURN FOR PERIODS ENDED 3/31/04 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Lipper High Yield Lehman Municipal Municipal Debt Funds Market Bond (closed-end) NAV price Index category average* - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 year 9.72% 7.54% 5.86% 10.18% - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 years 19.52 -9.38 33.85 22.92 Annual average 3.63 -1.95 6.01 4.16 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 years 70.71 54.53 93.24 77.36 Annual average 5.49 4.45 6.81 5.87 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Annual average Life of fund (since 5/25/89) 6.47 5.13 7.26 6.20 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Performance does not reflect taxes on reinvested distributions. Index and Lipper results should be compared to fund performance at net asset value. * Over the 1-, 5-, and 10-year periods ended 3/31/04, there were 12, 12, and 12 funds, respectively, in this Lipper category. - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PRICE AND DISTRIBUTION INFORMATION 12 MONTHS ENDED 3/31/04 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Distributions from common shares - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Number 12 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Income $0.437 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Capital gains 1 -- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total $0.437 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Preferred shares Series A (900 shares) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Income $506.86 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Capital gains 1 -- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total $506.86 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Share value: NAV Market price - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3/31/03 $7.53 $6.97 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3/31/04 7.76 7.04 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Current return (common shares, end of period) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Current dividend rate 2 5.18% 5.71% - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Taxable equivalent 3 7.97 8.78 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 Capital gains, if any, are taxable for federal and, in most cases, state purposes. For some investors, investment income may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. Income from federally exempt funds may be subject to state and local taxes. 2 Most recent distribution, excluding capital gains, annualized and divided by NAV or market price at end of period. 3 Assumes maximum 35% federal tax rate for 2004. Results for investors subject to lower tax rates would not be as advantageous. Terms and definitions Total return shows how the value of the fund's shares changed over time, assuming you held the shares through the entire period and reinvested all distributions in the fund. Net asset value (NAV) is the value of all your fund's assets, minus any liabilities and the net assets allocated to remarketed preferred shares divided by the number of outstanding common shares. Market price is the current trading price of one share of the fund. Market prices are set by transactions between buyers and sellers on exchanges such as the American Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. Comparative indexes Lehman Aggregate Bond Index is an unmanaged index used as a general measure of U.S. fixed-income securities. Lehman Government Bond Index is an unmanaged index of U.S. Treasury and agency securities. Lehman Intermediate Treasury Bond Index is an unmanaged index of Treasury bonds with maturities between 1 and 10 years. Lehman Municipal Bond Index is an unmanaged index of long-term fixed-rate investment-grade tax-exempt bonds. Russell 2000 Growth Index is an unmanaged index of those companies in the Russell 2000 Index chosen for their growth orientation. S&P 500 Index is an unmanaged index of common stock performance. S&P Utilities Index is an unmanaged index of common stock issued by utilities companies. Indexes assume reinvestment of all distributions and do not account for fees. Securities and performance of a fund and an index will differ. You cannot invest directly in an index. Lipper is a third-party industry ranking entity that ranks funds (without sales charges) with similar current investment styles or objectives as determined by Lipper. Lipper category averages reflect performance trends for funds within a category and are based on results at net asset value. Putnam's policy on confidentiality In order to conduct business with our shareholders, we must obtain certain personal information such as account holders' addresses, telephone numbers, Social Security numbers, and the names of their financial advisors. We use this information to assign an account number and to help us maintain accurate records of transactions and account balances. It is our policy to protect the confidentiality of your information, whether or not you currently own shares of our funds, and in particular, not to sell information about you or your accounts to outside marketing firms. We have safeguards in place designed to prevent unauthorized access to our computer systems and procedures to protect personal information from unauthorized use. Under certain circumstances, we share this information with outside vendors who provide services to us, such as mailing and proxy solicitation. In those cases, the service providers enter into confidentiality agreements with us, and we provide only the information necessary to process transactions and perform other services related to your account. We may also share this information with our Putnam affiliates to service your account or provide you with information about other Putnam products or services. It is also our policy to share account information with your financial advisor, if you've listed one on your Putnam account. If you would like clarification about our confidentiality policies or have any questions or concerns, please don't hesitate to contact us at 1-800-225-1581, Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 7:00 p.m., or Saturdays from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time. Putnam is committed to managing our mutual funds in the best interests of our shareholders. Our proxy voting guidelines and policies are available on the Putnam Individual Investor Web site, www.putnaminvestments.com, by calling Putnam's Shareholder Services at 1-800-225-1581, or on the SEC's Web site, www.sec.gov. A guide to the financial statements These sections of the report, as well as the accompanying Notes, preceded by the Independent Auditors' Report, constitute the fund's financial statements. The fund's portfolio lists all the fund's investments and their values as of the last day of the reporting period. Holdings are organized by asset type and industry sector, country, or state to show areas of concentration and diversification. Statement of assets and liabilities shows how the fund's net assets and share price are determined. All investment and noninvestment assets are added together. Any unpaid expenses and other liabilities are subtracted from this total. The result is divided by the number of shares to determine the net asset value per share, which is calculated separately for each class of shares. (For funds with preferred shares, the amount subtracted from total assets includes the net assets allocated to remarketed preferred shares.) Statement of operations shows the fund's net investment gain or loss. This is done by first adding up all the fund's earnings -- from dividends and interest income -- and subtracting its operating expenses to determine net investment income (or loss). Then, any net gain or loss the fund realized on the sales of its holdings -- as well as any unrealized gains or losses over the period -- is added to or subtracted from the net investment result to determine the fund's net gain or loss for the fiscal year. Statement of changes in net assets shows how the fund's net assets were affected by distributions to shareholders and by changes in the number of the fund's shares. It lists distributions and their sources (net investment income or realized capital gains) over the current reporting period and the most recent fiscal year-end. The distributions listed here may not match the sources listed in the Statement of operations because the distributions are determined on a tax basis and may be paid in a different period from the one in which they were earned. Financial highlights provide an overview of the fund's investment results, per-share distributions, expense ratios, net investment income ratios, and portfolio turnover in one summary table, reflecting the five most recent reporting periods. In a semiannual report, the highlight table also includes the current reporting period. For open-end funds, a separate table is provided for each share class. Independent auditors' report The Board of Trustees and Shareholders Putnam High Yield Municipal Trust: We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Putnam High Yield Municipal Trust, including the fund's portfolio, as of March 31, 2004, and the related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended. These financial statements and financial highlights are the responsibility of the Fund's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial highlights based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform our audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and financial highlights are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of March 31, 2004 by correspondence with the custodian and brokers or by other appropriate auditing procedures. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements and financial highlights referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Putnam High Yield Municipal Trust as of March 31, 2004, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended, and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. KPMG LLP Boston, Massachusetts May 3, 2004 The fund's portfolio March 31, 2004 Key to Abbreviations - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- AMBAC AMBAC Indemnity Corporation COP Certificate of Participation FGIC Financial Guaranty Insurance Company FNMA Coll. Federal National Mortgage Association Collateralized FRB Floating Rate Bonds FSA Financial Security Assurance GNMA Coll. Government National Mortgage Association Collateralized G.O. Bonds General Obligation Bonds IFB Inverse Floating Rate Bonds MBIA MBIA Insurance Company U.S. Govt. Coll. U.S. Government Securities Collateralized VRDN Variable Rate Demand Notes Municipal bonds and notes (99.9%) (a) Principal amount Rating (RAT) Value Alabama (0.7%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000,000 Butler, Indl. Dev. Board Rev. Bonds (Solid Waste Disp. James River Corp.), 8s, 9/1/28 BB+ $1,028,250 500,000 Phenix City, Indl. Dev. Board Rev. Bonds (Mead Coated Board), Ser. A, 5.3s, 4/1/27 Baa2 480,000 -------------- 1,508,250 Arizona (2.0%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500,000 AZ Hlth. Fac. Auth. Hosp. Syst. Rev. Bonds (John C. Lincoln Hlth. Network), 6 3/8s, 12/1/37 BBB 525,000 1,000,000 Casa Grande, Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Casa Grande Regl. Med. Ctr.), Ser. A, 7 1/4s, 12/1/19 B-/P 1,042,500 750,000 Coconino Cnty., Poll. Control Rev. Bonds (Tuscon/Navajo Elec. Pwr.), Ser. A, 7 1/8s, 10/1/32 Ba3 779,063 800,000 Scottsdale, Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Westminster Village 1st. Mtge.), Ser. A, 8 1/4s, 6/1/15 BB-/P 881,000 1,000,000 Yavapai Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Solid Waste Disposal Rev. Bonds (Waste Management, Inc. Project), 4 5/8s, 6/1/27 BBB 1,031,250 -------------- 4,258,813 Arkansas (1.5%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,110,000 AR Dev. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds, Ser. D, GNMA/FNMA Coll., 3s, 1/1/24 AAA 2,160,113 1,000,000 Northwest Regl. Arpt. Auth. Rev. Bonds, 7 5/8s, 2/1/27 BB/P 1,092,500 -------------- 3,252,613 California (7.2%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,500,000 CA State Dept. of Wtr. Resources Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, 5 1/4s, 5/1/20 A3 1,591,875 875,000 CA Statewide Cmnty. Dev. Auth. Apt. Dev. Rev. Bonds (Irvine Apt. Cmntys.), Ser. A-3, 5.1s, 5/15/25 Baa2 922,031 Chula Vista, Cmnty. Fac. Dist. Special Tax Rev. Bonds 500,000 (No. 08-1 Otay Ranch Village Six), 6s, 9/1/33 BB-/P 503,125 1,000,000 (No. 06-1 Eastlake Woods Area), 6.1s, 9/1/21 BB/P 1,023,750 350,000 Folsom, Special Tax (Cmnty. Facs. Dist. No. 10), 5 7/8s, 9/1/28 BB/P 353,938 2,000,000 Foothill/Eastern Corridor Agcy. Rev. Bonds (CA Toll Roads), 5 3/4s, 1/15/40 Baa3 2,070,000 985,000 Gilroy, Rev. Bonds (Bonfante Gardens Park), 8s, 11/1/25 D/P 637,788 1,000,000 Golden State Tobacco Securitization Corp. Rev. Bonds, Ser. B, 5 5/8s, 6/1/38 Baa2 1,020,000 500,000 Irvine, Impt. Board Act of 1915 Special Assmt. Bonds (Assmt. Dist. No. 00-18-GRP 3), 5.55s, 9/2/26 BB+ 506,250 1,425,000 Los Angeles Cnty., Metro. Trans. Auth. Rev. Bonds (First Tier), FSA, 5s, 7/1/11 Aaa 1,615,594 750,000 Los Angeles, Regl. Arpt. Impt. Corp. Lease Rev. Bonds (Continental Airlines, Inc.), 9 1/4s, 8/1/24 B 771,728 1,000,000 Orange Cnty., Cmnty. Fac. Dist. Rev. Bonds (Ladera Ranch - No. 1), 6s, 8/15/25 BB/P 1,032,500 250,000 Orange Cnty., Cmnty. Fac. Dist. Special Tax Bonds (Ladera Ranch - No. 02-1), Ser. A, 5.55s, 8/15/33 BB+/P 251,250 500,000 Santaluz, Special Tax (Cmnty. Fac. Dist. No. 2 - Impt. Area No. 1), 6 3/8s, 9/1/30 BB/P 513,125 835,000 Sunnyvale, Special Tax Rev. Bonds (Cmnty. Fac. Dist. No. 1), 7 3/4s, 8/1/32 BB-/P 846,481 2,000,000 Vallejo, COP (Marine World Foundation), 7.2s, 2/1/26 BBB-/P 1,990,000 -------------- 15,649,435 Colorado (0.2%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500,000 Montrose, Memorial Hosp. Rev. Bonds, 6 3/8s, 12/1/23 BBB- 529,375 Connecticut (0.4%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 750,000 CT State Dev. Auth. 1st. Mtg. Gross Rev. Hlth. Care Rev. Bonds (The Elm Street Park Baptist, Inc. Project), 5.85s, 12/1/33 BBB+ 780,938 Florida (4.0%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500,000 Cap. Trust Agcy. Multi-Fam. Rev. Bonds (American Opportunity-Senior), Ser. A, 5 7/8s, 12/1/38 Baa1 483,125 500,000 Cap. Trust Agcy. Rev. Bonds (Seminole Tribe Convention), Ser. A, 10s, 10/1/33 (acquired 4/23/02, cost $500,000) (RES) B/P 620,000 1,000,000 Double Branch Cmnty. Dev. Dist. Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, 6.7s, 5/1/34 BB-/P 1,062,500 500,000 Fishhawk, Cmnty. Dev. Dist. II Rev. Bonds, Ser. B, 5s, 11/1/07 BB-/P 508,125 770,000 FL State Mid-Bay Bridge Auth. Rev. Bonds (Exchangeable), Ser. A, 6.05s, 10/1/22 BBB/P 803,688 250,000 Fleming Island, Plantation Cmnty. Dev. Dist. Special Assmt. Rev. Bonds, Ser. B, 7 3/8s, 5/1/31 BB/P 271,250 1,100,000 Lee Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Hlth. Care Fac. Rev. Bonds (Cypress Cove Hlth. Pk.), Ser. A, 6 3/8s, 10/1/25 BB-/P 1,101,375 1,075,000 Lee Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Alliance Cmnty. Project), Ser. C, 5 1/2s, 11/15/29 BBB- 1,049,469 600,000 Miami Beach, Hlth. Fac. Auth. Hosp. Rev. Bonds (Mount Sinai Med. Ctr.), Ser. A, 6.8s, 11/15/31 Ba2 606,750 500,000 Orange Cnty., Hlth. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Orlando Regl. Hlth. Care), 5 3/4s, 12/1/32 A2 523,750 1,050,000 St. Johns Cnty., Hlth. Care Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Glenmoor St. Johns Project), Ser. A, 8s, 1/1/30 B-/P 1,027,688 500,000 Verandah, West Cmnty. Dev. Dist. Rev. Bonds (Cap. Impt.), Ser. A, 6 5/8s, 5/1/33 BB-/P 510,000 -------------- 8,567,720 Georgia (4.0%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,000,000 Burke Cnty., Poll. Control Dev. Auth. Mandatory Put Bonds (GA Power Co.), 4.45s, 1/1/32 A2 2,127,500 2,000,000 Forsyth Cnty., Hosp. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Baptist Hlth. Care Syst.), U.S. Govt. Coll., 6 1/4s, 10/1/18 AAA 2,420,000 175,000 Fulton Cnty., Res. Care Fac. Rev. Bonds (Canterbury Court), Class A, 6 1/8s, 2/15/34 B+/P 170,625 1,200,000 GA Med. Ctr. Hosp. Auth. IFB, MBIA, 11.507s, 8/1/10 Aaa 1,232,460 1,750,000 Muni. Elec. Auth. Rev. Bonds, AMBAC, 5s, 1/1/26 Aaa 1,933,750 855,000 Rockdale Cnty., Dev. Auth. Solid Waste Disp. Rev. Bonds (Visay Paper, Inc.), 7.4s, 1/1/16 BB+/P 869,963 -------------- 8,754,298 Idaho (0.4%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 955,000 ID Hlth. Fac. Auth. VRDN (St. Lukes Med. Ctr.), FSA, 1.05s, 7/1/30 VMIG1 955,000 Illinois (2.1%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,750,000 Chicago, O'Hare Intl. Arpt. Special Fac. Rev. Bonds (American Airlines, Inc.), 8.2s, 12/1/24 Caa2 1,500,625 750,000 IL Dev. Fin. Auth. Hosp. Rev. Bonds (Adventist Hlth. Syst./Sunbelt Obligation), 5.65s, 11/15/24 A 775,313 IL Hlth. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds 1,175,000 (Cmnty. Rehab. Providers Fac.), Ser. A, 7 7/8s, 7/1/20 (Prerefunded) AAA/P 1,295,438 890,000 (Cmnty. Rehab. Providers Fac.), Ser. A, 7 7/8s, 7/1/20 (In default) (NON) D/P 456,125 500,000 (Elmhurst Memorial Hlth. Care), 5 5/8s, 1/1/28 A2 520,000 -------------- 4,547,501 Indiana (2.4%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,500,000 Indianapolis, Arpt. Auth. Special Fac. Rev. Bonds (Federal Express Corp.), 7.1s, 1/15/17 Baa2 2,590,450 500,000 Jasper Hosp. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Memorial Hosp. Project), 5 1/2s, 11/1/32 AA 523,750 2,000,000 Rockport, Poll. Control Rev. Bonds (Indiana-Michigan Pwr.), Ser. A, 4.9s, 6/1/25 Baa2 2,115,000 -------------- 5,229,200 Iowa (1.3%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,460,000 IA Fin. Auth. Hlth. Care Fac. Rev. Bonds (Care Initiatives), 9 1/4s, 7/1/25 BBB-/P 2,933,550 Kentucky (1.5%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,250,000 Boone Cnty., Poll. Control Rev. Bonds (Dayton Pwr. & Lt. Co.), Ser. A, 6 1/2s, 11/15/22 Baa3 2,298,780 500,000 Kenton Cnty., Arpt. Board Rev. Bonds (Special. Fac. Delta Airlines), Ser. A, 6 1/8s, 2/1/22 Caa2 400,625 710,000 Kentucky Econ. Dev. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds (First Mtg.), Ser. IA, 6 1/2s, 1/1/29 CCC/P 650,538 -------------- 3,349,943 Louisiana (1.6%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500,000 Desoto Parish, Rev. Bonds (Intl. Paper Co. Project), Ser. A, 5s, 10/1/12 Baa2 545,625 2,150,000 LA Local Govt. Env. Fac. Cmnty. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (St. James Place), Ser. A, 8s, 11/1/25 B-/P 1,881,250 1,000,000 St. Charles Parish, Poll. Control Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, 4.9s, 6/1/30 Baa3 1,028,750 -------------- 3,455,625 Maine (1.0%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,000,000 ME State Hsg. Auth. Rev. Bonds, Ser. D-2-AMT, 5s, 11/15/27 Aa1 1,060,000 1,000,000 Rumford, Solid Waste Disp. Rev. Bonds (Boise Cascade Corp.), 6 7/8s, 10/1/26 Ba2 1,033,750 -------------- 2,093,750 Maryland (0.3%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500,000 MD State Hlth. & Higher Edl. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Medstar Hlth.), 5 3/4s, 8/15/15 Baa2 545,000 Massachusetts (7.8%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Atlas Boston Tax Exempt Rev. Bonds 735,000 Ser. 99-1, 7 1/4s, 1/1/35 (In default) (NON) D/P 3,675 375,000 Ser. 1, 6.65s, 1/1/35 (In default) (NON) D/P 131,250 1,000,000 Boston, Indl. Dev. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Springhouse, Inc.), 6s, 7/1/28 BB-/P 936,250 870,000 MA State Dev. Fin. Agcy. Rev. Bonds (Beverly Enterprises, Inc.), 7 3/8s, 4/1/09 B+/P 884,138 MA State Hlth. & Edl. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds 750,000 (Civic Investments), Ser. A, 9s, 12/15/15 BB/P 868,125 350,000 (Jordan Hosp.), Ser. E, 6 3/4s, 10/1/33 BBB- 357,000 1,575,000 (UMass Memorial), Ser. C, 6 1/2s, 7/1/21 Baa2 1,665,563 1,350,000 (Hlth. Care Syst. Covenant Hlth.), Ser. E, 6s, 7/1/31 A- 1,417,500 1,000,000 (Baystate Med. Ctr.), Ser. F, 5.7s, 7/1/27 A1 1,048,750 500,000 (Caritas Christi Oblig. Group), Ser. A, 5 1/4s, 7/1/08 BBB 532,500 1,980,000 MA State Hsg. Fin. Agcy. Rev. Bonds, Ser. 53, MBIA, 6.15s, 12/1/29 Aaa 2,051,775 MA State Indl. Fin. Agcy. Rev. Bonds 1,531,530 (Evanswood Bethzatha), 7.85s, 1/15/17 (In default) (NON) D/P 1,914 500,000 (1st Mtge. Brookhaven), Ser. A, 7s, 1/1/15 BBB/P 517,500 250,000 (1st Mtge. Brookhaven), Ser. A, 7s, 1/1/09 BBB/P 258,395 6,200,000 MA State Wtr. Resource Auth. VRDN (Multi-Modal), Ser. C, 1.10s, 8/1/20 VMIG1 6,200,000 -------------- 16,874,335 Michigan (2.5%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,020,000 Detroit, Swr. Disp. VRDN, Ser. B, FSA, 1.10s, 7/1/33 VMIG1 2,020,000 1,000,000 MI State Hosp. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Oakwood Hosp.), Ser. A, 5 3/4s, 4/1/32 A2 1,040,000 600,000 MI State Strategic Fund Solid Waste Disp. Rev. Bonds (Genesee Pwr. Station), 7 1/2s, 1/1/21 B/P 522,000 1,350,000 MI State Strategic Fund, Ltd. Rev. Bonds (Worthington Armstrong Venture), U.S. Govt. Coll., 5 3/4s, 10/1/22 AAA/P 1,550,813 250,000 Midland Cnty., Econ. Dev. Corp. Rev. Bonds, 6 3/4s, 7/23/09 Ba3 262,188 -------------- 5,395,001 Minnesota (3.2%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 300,000 Duluth, Econ. Dev. Auth. Hlth. Care Fac. Rev. Bonds (BSM Properties, Inc. Project), AMBAC, 5 7/8s, 12/1/28 BB/P 294,000 1,490,000 Minneapolis & St. Paul, Metropolitan Arpt. Comm. Special Fac. Rev. Bonds (Northwest Airlines, Inc.), Ser. A, 7s, 4/1/25 B+/P 1,395,013 1,000,000 MN State Higher Ed. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds (The College of St. Catherine), 5s, 10/1/18 Baa1 1,038,750 900,000 Northfield, Healthcare Fac. Rev. Bonds (Retirement Ctr.), Ser. A, 6s, 5/1/28 B/P 888,750 2,000,000 Southern MN Muni. Pwr. Agcy. Syst. Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, AMBAC, 5 1/4s, 1/1/16 Aaa 2,282,500 1,000,000 St. Paul, Hsg. & Hosp. Redev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Healtheast), Ser. B, 6 5/8s, 11/1/17 Ba2 1,002,500 -------------- 6,901,513 Mississippi (0.2%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500,000 Mississippi Bus. Fin. Corp. Rev. Bonds (Syst. Energy Resources, Inc.), 5 7/8s, 4/1/22 BBB- 506,250 Missouri (1.5%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,000,000 Cape Girardeau Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Hlth. Care Fac. Rev. Bonds (St. Francis Med. Ctr.), Ser. A, 5 1/2s, 6/1/16 A 1,073,750 2,000,000 MO Hsg. Dev. Comm. Rev. Bonds (Home Ownership), GNMA/FNMA Coll., 5.55s, 9/1/34 AAA 2,202,500 -------------- 3,276,250 Montana (0.6%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 700,000 Forsyth, Poll. Control Mandatory Put Bonds (Avista Corp.), AMBAC, 5s, 10/1/32 Aaa 765,625 500,000 MT State Board Inv. Exempt Fac. Rev. Bonds (Still Water Mining Project), 8s, 7/1/20 Ba3 518,125 -------------- 1,283,750 Nevada (2.4%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3,500,000 Clark Cnty., G.O. Bonds (Pk. & Regl. Justice Ctr.), FGIC, 5 5/8s, 11/1/19 Aaa 3,946,250 250,000 Clark Cnty., Local Impt. Dist. Special Assmt. Bonds (No. 142), 6.1s, 8/1/18 BB-/P 253,750 850,000 Henderson, Local Impt. Dist. Special Assmt. Bonds (No. T-14), 5.55s, 3/1/17 BB-/P 872,313 250,000 Las Vegas, Special Impt. Dist. Rev. Bonds (No. 809- Summerlin Area), 5.65s, 6/1/23 BB/P 245,313 -------------- 5,317,626 New Hampshire (1.5%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,000,000 NH Higher Ed. & Hlth. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds (NH College), 6 3/8s, 1/1/27 BBB- 1,040,000 600,000 NH Hlth. & Ed. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Huntington at Nashua), Ser. A, 6 7/8s, 5/1/33 B/P 593,250 1,000,000 NH State Bus. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Franklin Regl. Hosp. Assn.), Ser. A, 6.05s, 9/1/29 BB-/P 886,250 650,000 NH State Bus. Fin. Auth. Poll. Control Rev. Bonds, 3 1/2s, 7/1/27 A3 650,000 1,394,189 NH State Bus. Fin. Auth. Swr. & Solid Waste Rev. Bonds (Crown Paper Co.), 7 7/8s, 7/1/26 (In default) (NON) D/P 1,743 -------------- 3,171,243 New Jersey (3.1%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NJ Econ. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds 500,000 (1st Mtge.-Cranes Mill), Ser. A, 7 1/2s, 2/1/27 BB-/P 523,750 500,000 (Newark Arpt. Marriot Hotel), 7s, 10/1/14 Ba3 508,750 1,000,000 (United Methodist Homes), Ser. A-1, 6 1/4s, 7/1/33 BB+ 1,007,500 NJ Hlth. Care Fac. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds 1,700,000 (Trinitas Hosp. Oblig. Group), 7 1/2s, 7/1/30 Baa3 1,901,875 395,000 (Columbus Regl. Hosp.), Ser. A, 7 1/2s, 7/1/21 B2 361,919 500,000 NJ State Ed. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Stevens Inst. of Tech.), Ser. C, 5 1/8s, 7/1/22 A- 507,500 2,000,000 Tobacco Settlement Fin. Corp. Rev. Bonds, 6 3/8s, 6/1/32 Baa2 1,947,500 -------------- 6,758,794 New Mexico (1.6%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 700,000 Farmington, Poll. Control Mandatory Put Bonds (Pub. Svc. San Juan), Class B, 2.1s, 4/1/33 Baa2 698,250 2,700,000 Farmington, Poll. Control VRDN (AZ Pub. Svc. Co.), Ser. B, 1.10s, 9/1/24 VMIG1 2,700,000 -------------- 3,398,250 New York (10.7%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 750,000 Huntington, Hsg. Auth. Sr. Hsg. Fac. Rev. Bonds (Gurwin Jewish Sr. Residence), Ser. A, 6s, 5/1/29 B+/P 702,188 700,000 Long Island, Pwr. Auth. NY Elec. Syst. IFB, 9.318s, 12/1/24 (acquired 10/20/03, cost $700,462) (RES) BBB+/P 805,000 1,000,000 Metro. Trans. Auth. Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, AMBAC, 5 1/2s, 11/15/13 Aaa 1,172,500 1,000,000 Metro. Trans. Auth. Svc. Contract Rev. Bonds, Ser. A , MBIA, 5 1/2s, 1/1/20 Aaa 1,121,250 775,000 Nassau Cnty., Indl. Dev. Agcy. Rev. Bonds (Keyspan-Glenwood), 5 1/4s, 6/1/27 A 790,500 1,000,000 NY City, G.O. Bonds, Ser. C, 5 1/4s, 8/1/11 A2 1,111,250 800,000 NY City, Indl. Dev. Agcy. Rev. Bonds (Visy Paper, Inc.), 7.95s, 1/1/28 B+/P 840,000 NY City, Indl. Dev. Agcy. Civic Fac. Rev. Bonds 1,985,000 (Staten Island U. Hosp.), Ser. A, 6 3/8s, 7/1/31 Baa3 2,004,850 200,000 (Brooklyn Polytech. U. Project J), 6 1/8s, 11/1/30 BB+ 174,000 300,000 NY City, Indl. Dev. Agcy. Special Arpt. Fac. Rev. Bonds (Airis JFK I LLC), Ser. A, 5 1/2s, 7/1/28 Baa3 296,250 1,500,000 NY City, Indl. Dev. Agcy. Special Fac. Rev. Bonds (British Airways), 5 1/4s, 12/1/32 BB+ 1,117,500 NY State Dorm. Auth. Rev. Bonds 1,000,000 (NY U.), Ser. B, MBIA, 5s, 7/1/11 Aaa 1,127,500 4,385,000 (School Dist. Fin. Project), Ser. D, MBIA, 5s, 10/1/10 Aaa 4,933,125 2,350,000 NY State Energy Resource & Dev. Auth. Poll. Control IFB, FGIC, 12.948s, 7/1/29 (acquired 12/19/94, cost $2,453,729) (RES) Aaa 2,511,351 1,500,000 Onondaga Cnty., Indl. Dev. Agcy. Rev. Bonds (Solvay Paperboard, LLC), 7s, 11/1/30 (acquired 12/9/98, cost $1,500,000) (RES) BB-/P 1,597,500 1,000,000 Suffolk Cnty., Indl. Dev. Agcy. Rev. Bonds (Peconic Landing), Ser. A, 8s, 10/1/30 B+/P 1,023,750 1,000,000 Suffolk Cnty., Indl. Dev. Agcy. Cont. Care Retirement Rev. Bonds (Jefferson's Ferry), Ser. A, 7 1/4s, 11/1/28 BB-/P 1,056,250 800,000 Syracuse, Indl. Dev. Agcy. Rev. Bonds (1st Mtge. - Jewish Home), Ser. A, 7 3/8s, 3/1/21 BB-/P 842,000 -------------- 23,226,764 North Carolina (2.3%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,500,000 NC Eastern Muni. Pwr. Agcy. Syst. Rev. Bonds, Ser. C, 5.3s, 1/1/15 BBB 1,614,375 250,000 NC Med. Care Cmnty. Healthcare Fac. Rev. Bonds (1st Mtge. - Deerfield), Ser. A, 5s, 11/1/23 A-/P 249,688 750,000 NC Med. Care Comm. Retirement Fac. Rev. Bonds (1st Mtge. - Givens Estates Project), Ser. A, 6 1/2s, 7/1/32 BB-/P 773,438 NC State Muni. Pwr. Agcy. Rev. Bonds (No. 1, Catawba Elec.) 1,000,000 Ser. B, 6 1/2s, 1/1/20 Baa1 1,125,000 1,000,000 Ser. A, 5 1/2s, 1/1/13 Baa1 1,117,500 -------------- 4,880,001 North Dakota (0.5%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,000,000 Grand Forks, Hlth. Care Syst. Rev. Bonds (Altru Hlth. Syst. Oblig. Group), 7 1/8s, 8/15/24 Baa1 1,101,250 Ohio (4.1%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,000,000 Cuyahoga Cnty., Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, 6s, 1/1/32 A1 1,083,750 250,000 Dayton, Fac. Rev. Bonds (Emery Air Freight), Ser. A, 5 5/8s, 2/1/18 BB+ 229,688 1,240,000 Erie Cnty., Ohio Hosp. Fac. Rev. Bonds (Firelands Regl. Med. Ctr.), 5 5/8s, 8/15/32 A2 1,295,800 665,000 Marion Cnty., Hlth. Care Fac. Rev. Bonds (United Church Homes), 6 3/8s, 11/15/10 BBB- 681,625 1,500,000 Montgomery Cnty., Hosp. Rev. Bonds (Kettering Med. Ctr.), 6 3/4s, 4/1/22 A3 1,642,500 1,000,000 OH State Higher Edl. Fac. FRB (Kenyon College Project), 4.85s, 7/1/37 A2 1,062,500 1,000,000 OH State Poll. Control Rev. Bonds (General Motors Corp.), 5 5/8s, 3/1/15 Baa1 1,083,750 1,250,000 OH State Wtr. Dev. Auth. Poll. Control Fac. Mandatory Put Bonds (Cleveland Elec.), Class A, 3.75s, 10/1/30 Baa2 1,278,125 500,000 Toledo-Lucas Cnty., Port Auth. Rev. Bonds (CSX Transn, Inc.), 6.45s, 12/15/21 Baa2 565,625 -------------- 8,923,363 Oklahoma (0.6%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 280,000 OK Dev. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Continuing Care Retirement), Ser. A, 8s, 2/1/32 B/P 273,350 1,000,000 OK State Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Hlth. Syst.-Oblig. Group), Ser. A, MBIA, 5 3/4s, 8/15/29 Aaa 1,107,500 -------------- 1,380,850 Oregon (1.0%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,000,000 Multnomah Cnty., Hosp. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Terwilliger Plaza Project), 6 1/2s, 12/1/29 BB-/P 1,005,000 1,000,000 OR State Hsg. & Cmnty. Svcs. Dept. Rev. Bonds (Single Family Mtg.), Ser. K, 5 5/8s, 7/1/29 Aa2 1,086,250 -------------- 2,091,250 Pennsylvania (6.9%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 750,000 Allegheny Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Env. Impt. - USX Corp.), 6s, 1/15/14 Baa1 808,125 200,000 Allentown, Hosp. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Sacred Heart Hosp.), Ser. A, 6 1/2s, 11/15/08 Baa3 203,000 885,000 Carbon Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Panther Creek Partners), 6.65s, 5/1/10 BBB- 970,181 250,000 Lancaster Cnty., Hosp. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Gen. Hosp.), 5 1/2s, 3/15/26 A- 256,563 750,000 PA Convention Ctr. Auth. Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, 6 3/4s, 9/1/19 Baa2 776,348 PA Econ. Dev. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds 3,250,000 (MacMillan Ltd. Partnership), 7.6s, 12/1/20 Baa2 3,644,063 500,000 (Amtrak Project), Ser. A, 6 3/8s, 11/1/41 A3 514,375 350,000 PA Econ. Dev. Fin. Auth. Resource Recvy. Rev. Bonds (Colver Project), Ser. D, 7.15s, 12/1/18 BBB- 363,556 PA State Econ. Dev. Fin. Auth. Res. Recvy. Rev. Bonds 750,000 (Colver), Ser. E, 8.05s, 12/1/15 BBB-/P 784,118 2,000,000 (Northampton Generating), Ser. A, 6.6s, 1/1/19 BBB- 2,035,000 1,280,000 PA State Higher Edl. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine), 5s, 12/1/12 A 1,401,600 2,000,000 Philadelphia, School Dist. G.O. Bonds, Ser. A, FSA, 5 1/2s, 2/1/31 Aaa 2,165,000 750,000 Scranton, G.O. Bonds, Ser. C, 7.1s, 9/1/31 AAA/P 948,750 -------------- 14,870,679 Puerto Rico (2.9%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5,200,000 Cmnwlth. of PR, Govt. Dev. Bank VRDN, MBIA, 0.92s, 12/1/15 VMIG1 5,200,000 1,000,000 PR Indl. Tourist Edl. Med. & Env. Control Fac. Rev. Bonds (Cogen. Fac.-AES PR), 6 5/8s, 6/1/26 Baa3 1,060,000 -------------- 6,260,000 South Carolina (1.3%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,000,000 SC Jobs Econ. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Palmetto Hlth. Alliance), Ser. C, 6s, 8/1/20 Baa2 1,050,000 600,000 SC Jobs Econ. Dev. Auth. Hosp. Fac. Rev. Bonds (Palmetto Hlth. Alliance), Ser. A, 7 3/8s, 12/15/21 Baa2 767,250 1,000,000 Spartanburg Cnty., Solid Waste Disp. Rev. Bonds (BMW Project), 7.55s, 11/1/24 A1 1,063,090 -------------- 2,880,340 South Dakota (1.1%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,250,000 SD Hlth. & Ed. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Prairie Lakes), 5.65s, 4/1/22 Baa2 1,267,188 995,000 SD Hsg. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Home Ownership Mtg.), Ser. H, 5s, 5/1/28 AAA 1,067,138 -------------- 2,334,326 Tennessee (1.3%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,500,000 Johnson City, Hlth. & Edl. Fac. Board Hosp. Rev. Bonds (Mountain States Hlth.), Ser. A, 7 1/2s, 7/1/33 BBB+ 1,738,125 1,000,000 Shelby Cnty. Hlth. Edl. & Hsg. Fac. Board Rev. Bonds (Methodist Healthcare), 6 1/2s, 9/1/26 A- 1,106,250 -------------- 2,844,375 Texas (5.5%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,000,000 Abilene, Hlth. Fac. Dev. Corp. Rev. Bonds (Sears Methodist Retirement), 5 7/8s, 11/15/18 BB+/P 975,000 1,000,000 Gulf Coast, Waste Disp. Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, 6.1s, 8/1/24 Baa2 1,057,500 1,000,000 Gulf Coast, Waste Disp. Auth. Mandatory Put Bonds (Amoco Oil), 2s, 10/1/17 Aa1 1,002,500 700,000 Harris Cnty., Hlth. Fac. Dev. Corp. Hosp. Rev. Bonds (Memorial Hermann Hlth. Care Syst.), Class A, 5 1/4s, 12/1/18 A2 749,000 300,000 Houston Hlth. Fac. Dev. Corp. Retirement Rev. Bonds (Buckingham Sr. Living Cmnty), Class A, 7 1/8s, 2/15/34 B/P 303,000 Houston, Arpt. Syst. Rev. Bonds 700,000 (Continental Airlines, Inc.), Ser. E, 6 3/4s, 7/1/29 B- 591,500 1,800,000 Ser. B, FSA, 5 1/2s, 7/1/30 Aaa 1,944,000 250,000 Lufkin, Hlth. Fac. Dev. Corp. Rev. Bonds (Memorial Hlth. Syst. of East TX), 5.7s, 2/15/28 BBB- 231,250 2,150,000 Tomball, Hosp. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Tomball Regl. Hosp.), 6s, 7/1/29 Baa2 2,201,046 2,850,000 TX State Dept. of Hsg. & Cmnty. Affairs Rev. Bonds, Ser. C, GNMA/FNMA Coll., 6.9s, 7/2/24 AAA 2,953,313 -------------- 12,008,109 Utah (1.9%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,550,000 Carbon Cnty., Solid Waste Disp. Rev. Bonds (Laidlaw Env.), Ser. A, 7 1/2s, 2/1/10 BB- 1,592,920 1,700,000 Tooele Cnty., Harbor & Term. Dist. Port Fac. Rev. Bonds (Union Pacific), Ser. A, 5.7s, 11/1/26 Baa2 1,738,250 750,000 UT Cnty., Env. Impt. Rev. Bonds (Marathon Oil Project), 5.05s, 11/1/17 Baa1 837,188 -------------- 4,168,358 Vermont (1.0%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,000,000 VT Hsg. Fin. Agcy. Rev. Bonds, Ser. 19A, FSA, 4.62s, 5/1/29 Aaa 2,107,500 Virginia (1.6%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Henrico Cnty. Econ. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (United Methodist), Ser. A 400,000 6.7s, 6/1/27 BB+/P 412,000 600,000 6 1/2s, 6/1/22 BB+/P 614,250 500,000 James Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds (1st. Mtge. Williamsburg), Ser. A, 6 1/8s, 3/1/32 BB-/P 510,000 1,000,000 Pocahontas Parkway Assn. Toll Rd. Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, 5 1/2s, 8/15/28 BB 837,500 1,000,000 Prince William Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Hosp. Rev. Bonds (Potomac Hosp. Corp.), 5.35s, 10/1/36 A3 1,023,750 -------------- 3,397,500 Washington (0.5%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 995,000 Tobacco Settlement Auth. of WA Rev. Bonds, 6 1/2s, 6/1/26 Baa2 978,831 West Virginia (0.3%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 825,000 Princeton, Hosp. Rev. Bonds (Cmnty. Hosp. Assn., Inc.), 6.1s, 5/1/29 B2 592,969 Wisconsin (1.4%) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,500,000 Badger Tobacco Settlement Asset Securitization Corp. Rev. Bonds, 6 3/8s, 6/1/32 Baa2 1,421,250 1,600,000 WI State Hlth. & Edl. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Wheaton Franciscan), 5 3/4s, 8/15/30 A2 1,694,000 -------------- 3,115,250 -------------- Total Municipal bonds and notes (cost $213,463,218) $216,455,738 Common stocks (0.1%) (a) (cost $1,428,766) Number of shares Value - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29,974 Tembec, Inc. (Canada) (NON) $239,044 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total Investments (cost $214,891,984) $216,694,782 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (a) Percentages indicated are based on portfolio market value of $216,694,782. (RAT) The Moody's or Standard & Poor's ratings indicated are believed to be the most recent ratings available at March 31, 2004 for the securities listed. Ratings are generally ascribed to securities at the time of issuance. While the agencies may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings do not necessarily represent what the agencies would ascribe to these securities at March 31, 2004. Securities rated by Putnam are indicated by "/P" and are not publicly rated. Ratings are not covered by the Independent auditors' report. (NON) Non-income-producing security. (RES) Restricted, excluding 144A securities, as to public resale. The total market value of restricted securities held at March 31, 2004 was $5,533,851 or 2.6% of portfolio market value. The rates shown on IFB, which are securities paying interest rates that vary inversely to changes in the market interest rates, VRDN, mandatory put bonds and Floating Rate Bonds (FRB) are the current interest rates at March 31, 2004. The fund had the following industry group concentrations greater than 10% at March 31, 2004 (as a percentage of portfolio market value): Health care 33.1% Utilities 16.9 Transportation 11.5 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. Statement of assets and liabilities March 31, 2004 Assets - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Investments in securities, at value (identified cost $214,891,984) (Note 1) $216,694,782 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cash 157,511 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interest and other receivables 3,547,184 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Receivable for securities sold 160,000 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total assets 220,559,477 Liabilities - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Distributions payable to common shareholders 746,648 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Accrued preferred shares distribution payable (Note 1) 8,460 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Payable for securities purchased 1,456,910 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Payable for compensation of Manager (Note 2) 374,355 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Payable for investor servicing and custodian fees (Note 2) 40,889 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2) 29,573 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Payable for administrative services (Note 2) 2,215 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other accrued expenses 85,073 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total liabilities 2,744,123 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Series A remarketed preferred shares: (8,000 shares authorized; 900 shares issued at $50,000 per share) (Note 4) 45,000,000 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net assets $172,815,354 Represented by - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Paid-in capital -- common shares (Note 1) $201,220,227 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Distributions in excess of net investment income (Note 1) (304,735) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Accumulated net realized loss on investments (Note 1) (29,902,936) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net unrealized appreciation of investments 1,802,798 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total -- Representing net assets applicable to common shares outstanding $172,815,354 Computation of net asset value - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net asset value per common share ($172,815,354 divided by 22,267,310 shares) $7.76 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. Statement of operations Year ended March 31, 2004 Interest income: $12,368,236 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Expenses: - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Compensation of Manager (Note 2) 1,505,464 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Investor servicing and custodian fees (Note 2) 185,374 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Trustee compensation and expenses (Note 2) 14,477 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Administrative services (Note 2) 7,206 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Preferred share remarketing agent fees 104,755 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other 155,866 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total expenses 1,973,142 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Expense reduction (Note 2) (19,860) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net expenses 1,953,282 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net investment income 10,414,954 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net realized loss on investments (Notes 1 and 3) (11,189,175) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net realized gain on futures contracts (Note 1) 607,734 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net unrealized appreciation of investments and futures contracts during the year 15,434,320 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net gain on investments 4,852,879 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net increase in net assets resulting from operations $15,267,833 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Distributions to Series A remarketed preferred shareholders: (Note 1) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- From tax exempt income (456,178) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net increase in net assets resulting from operations (applicable to common shareholders) $14,811,655 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. Statement of changes in net assets Year ended March 31 Increase (decrease) in net assets 2004 2003 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Operations: - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net investment income $10,414,954 $12,159,817 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net realized loss on investments (10,581,441) (2,875,748) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments 15,434,320 (2,874,667) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Distributions to Series A remarketed preferred shareholders: (Note 1) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- From tax exempt income (456,178) (614,056) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net increase in net assets resulting from operations applicable to common shareholders 14,811,655 5,795,346 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Distributions to common shareholders: (Note 1) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- From tax exempt income (9,730,776) (11,609,228) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Increase from issuance of common shares in connection with reinvestment of distributions -- 141,946 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total increase (decrease) in net assets 5,080,879 (5,671,936) Net assets - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Beginning of year 167,734,475 173,406,411 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of year (including distributions in excess of net investment income of $304,735 and $516,712, respectively) $172,815,354 $167,734,475 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of fund shares - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Common shares outstanding at beginning of year 22,267,310 22,249,306 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Shares issued in connection with reinvestment of distributions -- 18,004 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Common shares outstanding at end of year 22,267,310 22,267,310 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Remarketed preferred shares outstanding at beginning and end of year 900 900 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. Financial highlights (For a common share outstanding throughout the period) Per-share Year ended March 31 operating performance 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net asset value, beginning of period (common shares) $7.53 $7.79 $8.22 $8.18 $9.14 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Investment operations: - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net investment income .47 .55 .61 .63 .68 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments .22 (.26) (.46) .06 (.95) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total from investment operations: .69 .29 .15 .69 (.27) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Distributions to preferred shareholders: - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- From net investment income (.02) (.03) (.04) (.08) (.07) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total from investment operations: (applicable to common shareholders) .67 .26 .11 .61 (.34) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Distributions to common shareholders: - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- From net investment income (.44) (.52) (.54) (.57) (.62) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total distributions (.44) (.52) (.54) (.57) (.62) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net asset value, end of period (common shares) $7.76 $7.53 $7.79 $8.22 $8.18 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Market value, end of period (common shares) $7.04 $6.97 $7.59 $8.22 $7.25 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total return at market value (%) (common shares) (a) 7.54 (1.55) (1.23) 21.63 (28.75) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratios and supplemental data - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net assets, end of period (common shares) (in thousands) $172,815 $167,734 $173,406 $182,614 $181,352 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratio of expenses to average net assets (%)(b)(c) 1.16 1.17 1.15 1.14 1.19 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ratio of net investment income to average net assets (%)(b) 5.84 6.70 7.04 6.74 7.09 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Portfolio turnover (%) 36.95 34.56 18.38 12.30 16.17 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (a) Total return assumes dividend reinvestment. (b) Ratios reflect net assets available to common shares only; net investment income ratio also reflects reduction for dividend payments to preferred shareholders. (c) The ratio of expenses to average net assets includes amounts paid through expense offset arrangements (Note 2). The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. Notes to financial statements March 31, 2004 Note 1 Significant Accounting policies Putnam High Yield Municipal Trust (the "fund") is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The fund's investment objective is to seek high current income exempt from federal income tax. The fund intends to achieve its objective by investing in high yielding tax-exempt municipal securities constituting a portfolio that the fund's manager, Putnam Investment Management, LLC, ("Putnam Management"), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Putnam, LLC, believes to be consistent with prudent investment management. The fund invests in higher yielding, lower rated bonds that have a higher rate of default due to the nature of the investments. The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. A) Security valuation Tax-exempt bonds and notes are valued at fair value on the basis of valuations provided by an independent pricing service, approved by the Trustees. Such services use information with respect to transactions in bonds, quotations from bond dealers, market transactions in comparable securities and various relationships between securities in determining value. Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the last reported sales price on their principal exchange, or official closing price for certain markets. If no sales are reported -- as in the case of some securities traded over-the-counter -- a security is valued at its last reported bid price. Other investments including restricted securities are valued at fair value following procedures approved by the Trustees. Such valuations and procedures are reviewed periodically by the Trustees. B) Security transactions and related investment income Security transactions are recorded on the trade date (date the order to buy or sell is executed). Gains or losses on securities sold are determined on the identified cost basis. Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis. Dividend income, net of applicable withholding taxes, is recognized on the ex-dividend date. Non-cash dividends, if any, are recorded at the fair market value of the securities received. All premiums/discounts are amortized/accreted on a yield-to-maturity basis. The premium in excess of the call price, if any, is amortized to the call date; thereafter, any remaining premium is amortized to maturity. C) Futures and options contracts The fund may use futures and options contracts to hedge against changes in the values of securities the fund owns or expects to purchase. The fund may also write options on securities it owns or in which it may invest to increase its current returns. The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of futures and options contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the value of the underlying instruments, if there is an illiquid secondary market for the contracts, or if the counterparty to the contract is unable to perform. Risks may exceed amounts recognized on the statement of assets and liabilities. When the contract is closed, the fund records a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was closed. Realized gains and losses on purchased options are included in realized gains and losses on investment securities. Futures contracts are valued at the quoted daily settlement prices established by the exchange on which they trade. The fund and the broker agree to exchange an amount of cash equal to the daily fluctuation in the value of the futures contract. Such receipts or payments are known as "variation margin." Exchange traded options are valued at the last sale price, or if no sales are reported, the last bid price for purchased options and the last ask price for written options. Options traded over-the-counter are valued using prices supplied by dealers. Futures and written option contracts outstanding at period end, if any, are listed after the fund's portfolio. D) Federal taxes It is the policy of the fund to distribute all of its income within the prescribed time and otherwise comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment companies. It is also the intention of the fund to distribute an amount sufficient to avoid imposition of any excise tax under Section 4982 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code"), as amended. Therefore, no provision has been made for federal taxes on income, capital gains or unrealized appreciation on securities held nor for excise tax on income and capital gains. At March 31, 2004, the fund had a capital loss carryover of $28,898,149 available to the extent allowed by tax law to offset future capital gains, if any. The amount of the carryover and the expiration dates are: Loss Carryover Expiration - ----------------------------------- $7,978,665 March 31, 2006 3,861,203 March 31, 2007 1,445,345 March 31, 2008 1,742,951 March 31, 2009 865,353 March 31, 2010 678,750 March 31, 2011 12,325,882 March 31, 2012 Pursuant to federal income tax regulations applicable to regulated investment companies, the fund has elected to defer to its fiscal year ending March 31, 2005, $439,133 of losses recognized during the period November 1, 2003 to March 31, 2004. E) Distributions to shareholders Distributions to common and preferred shareholders from net investment income are recorded by the fund on the ex-dividend date. Distributions from capital gains, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date and paid at least annually. Dividends on remarketed preferred shares become payable when, as and if declared by the Trustees. Each dividend period for the remarketed preferred shares is generally a seven-day period. The applicable dividend rate for the remarketed preferred shares on March 31, 2004 was 0.98%. The amount and character of income and gains to be distributed are determined in accordance with income tax regulations, which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles. These differences include temporary and permanent differences of post-October loss deferrals, the expiration of a capital loss carryover, dividends payable, defaulted bond interest, realized gains and losses on certain futures contracts, market discount, and straddle loss deferrals. Reclassifications are made to the fund's capital accounts to reflect income and gains available for distribution (or available capital loss carryovers) under income tax regulations. For the year ended March 31, 2004, the fund reclassified $16,023 to increase distributions in excess of net investment income and $1,308,752 to decrease paid-in-capital, with a decrease to accumulated net realized losses of $1,324,775. The tax basis components of distributable earnings and the federal tax cost as of period end were as follows: Unrealized appreciation $9,919,216 Unrealized depreciation (8,081,699) ------------ Net unrealized appreciation 1,837,517 Undistributed tax-exempt income 512,376 Undistributed ordinary income 6,841 Capital loss carryforward (28,898,149) Post October loss (439,133) Cost for federal income tax purposes $214,857,265 F) Determination of net asset value Net asset value of the common shares is determined by dividing the value of all assets of the fund, less all liabilities and the liquidation preference of any outstanding remarketed preferred shares, by the total number of common shares outstanding as of period end. Note 2 Management fee, administrative services and other transactions Putnam Management is paid for management and investment advisory services quarterly based on the average net assets of the fund. Such fee is based on the annual rate of 0.70% of average weekly net assets. If dividends payable on remarketed preferred shares during any dividend payment period plus any expenses attributable to remarketed preferred shares for that period exceed the fund's gross income attributable to the proceeds of the remarketed preferred shares during that period, then the fee payable to Putnam Management for that period will be reduced by the amount of the excess (but not more than .70% of the liquidation preference of the remarketed preferred shares outstanding during the period). The fund reimburses Putnam Management an allocated amount for the compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and their staff who provide administrative services to the fund. The aggregate amount of all such reimbursements is determined annually by the Trustees. Custodial functions for the fund's assets are provided by Putnam Fiduciary Trust Company (PFTC), a subsidiary of Putnam, LLC. Putnam Investor Services, a division of PFTC, provides investor serving agent functions to the fund. During the year ended March 31, 2004, the fund paid PFTC $185,374 for these services. The fund has entered into an arrangement with PFTC whereby credits realized as a result of uninvested cash balances are used to reduce a portion of the fund's expenses. For the year ended March 31, 2004, the fund's expenses were reduced by $19,860 under these arrangements. Each independent Trustee of the fund receives an annual Trustee fee, of which $699 as a quarterly retainer, has been allocated to the fund, and an additional fee for each Trustees meeting attended. Trustees receive additional fees for attendance at certain committee meetings. The fund has adopted a Trustee Fee Deferral Plan (the "Deferral Plan") which allows the Trustees to defer the receipt of all or a portion of Trustees fees payable on or after July 1, 1995. The deferred fees remain invested in certain Putnam funds until distribution in accordance with the Deferral Plan. The fund has adopted an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the "Pension Plan") covering all Trustees of the fund who have served as a Trustee for at least five years. Benefits under the Pension Plan are equal to 50% of the Trustee's average total retainer and meeting fees for the three years preceding retirement. Pension expense for the fund is included in Trustee compensation and expenses in the statement of operations. Accrued pension liability is included in Payable for Trustee compensation and expenses in the statement of assets and liabilities. Note 3 Purchases and sales of securities During the year ended March 31, 2004, cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of investment securities other than short-term investments aggregated $74,334,951 and $88,161,803, respectively. There were no purchases and sales of U.S. government securities. Purchases and sales of short-term municipal obligations aggregated $68,110,000 and $53,035,000, respectively. Note 4 Remarketed preferred shares The Series A shares are redeemable at the option of the fund on any dividend payment date at a redemption price of $50,000 per share, plus an amount equal to any dividends accumulated on a daily basis but unpaid through the redemption date (whether or not such dividends have been declared) and, in certain circumstances, a call premium. It is anticipated that dividends paid to holders of remarketed preferred shares will be considered tax-exempt dividends under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. To the extent that the fund earns taxable income and capital gains by the conclusion of a fiscal year, it may be required to apportion to the holders of the remarketed preferred shares throughout that year additional dividends as necessary to result in an after-tax equivalent to the applicable dividend rate for the period. Under the Investment Company Act of 1940, the fund is required to maintain asset coverage of at least 200% with respect to the remarketed preferred shares as of the last business day of each month in which any such shares are outstanding. Additionally, the fund is required to meet more stringent asset coverage requirements under terms of the remarketed preferred shares and the shares' rating agencies. Should these requirements not be met, or should dividends accrued on the remarketed preferred shares not be paid, the fund may be restricted in its ability to declare dividends to common shareholders or may be required to redeem certain of the remarketed preferred shares. At March 31, 2004, no such restrictions have been placed on the fund. Note 5 Regulatory matters and litigation On April 8, 2004, Putnam Management entered into agreements with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Massachusetts Securities Division representing a final settlement of all charges brought against Putnam Management by those agencies on October 28, 2003 in connection with excessive short-term trading by Putnam employees and, in the case of the charges brought by the Massachusetts Securities Division, by participants in some Putnam-administered 401(k) plans. The settlement with the SEC requires Putnam Management to pay $5 million in disgorgement plus a civil monetary penalty of $50 million, and the settlement with the Massachusetts Securities Division requires Putnam Management to pay $5 million in restitution and an administrative fine of $50 million. The settlements also leave intact the process established under an earlier partial settlement with the SEC under which Putnam Management agreed to pay the amount of restitution determined by an independent consultant, which may exceed the disgorgement and restitution amounts specified above, pursuant to a plan to be developed by the independent consultant. Putnam Management, and not the investors in any Putnam fund, will bear all costs, including restitution, civil penalties and associated legal fees stemming from both of these proceedings. The SEC's and Massachusetts Securities Division's allegations and related matters also serve as the general basis for numerous lawsuits, including purported class action lawsuits filed against Putnam Management and certain related parties, including certain Putnam funds. Putnam Management has agreed to bear any costs incurred by Putnam funds in connection with these lawsuits. Based on currently available information, Putnam Management believes that the likelihood that the pending private lawsuits and purported class action lawsuits will have a material adverse financial impact on the fund is remote, and the pending actions are not likely to materially affect its ability to provide investment management services to its clients, including the Putnam funds. Review of these matters by counsel for Putnam Management and by separate independent counsel for the Putnam funds and their independent Trustees is continuing. Federal tax information (Unaudited) The fund has designated 100% of dividends paid from net investment income during the fiscal year as tax exempt for federal income tax purposes. The Form 1099 you receive in January 2005 will show the tax status of all distributions paid to your account in calendar 2004. About the Trustees Jameson A. Baxter (9/6/43), Trustee since 1994 Ms. Baxter is the President of Baxter Associates, Inc., a private investment firm that she founded in 1986. Ms. Baxter serves as a Director of ASHTA Chemicals, Inc., Banta Corporation (a printing and digital imaging firm), Ryerson Tull, Inc. (a steel service corporation), Advocate Health Care, and BoardSource, formerly the National Center for Nonprofit Boards. She is Chairman Emeritus of the Board of Trustees, Mount Holyoke College, having served as Chairman for five years and as a board member for thirteen years. Until 2002, Ms. Baxter was a Director of Intermatic Corporation (a manufacturer of energy control products). Ms. Baxter has held various positions in investment banking and corporate finance, including Vice President and Principal of the Regency Group, and Vice President of and Consultant to First Boston Corporation. She is a graduate of Mount Holyoke College. Charles B. Curtis (4/27/40), Trustee since 2001 Mr. Curtis is President and Chief Operating Officer of the Nuclear Threat Initiative (a private foundation dealing with national security issues) and serves as Senior Advisor to the United Nations Foundation. Mr. Curtis is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Trustee Advisory Council of the Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University. Until 2003, Mr. Curtis was a member of the Electric Power Research Institute Advisory Council and the University of Chicago Board of Governors for Argonne National Laboratory. Prior to 2002, Mr. Curtis was a Member of the Board of Directors of the Gas Technology Institute and the Board of Directors of the Environment and Natural Resources Program Steering Committee, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. Until 2001, Mr. Curtis was a member of the Department of Defense Policy Board and Director of EG&G Technical Services, Inc. (a fossil energy research and development support company). Prior to May 1997, Mr. Curtis was Deputy Secretary of Energy. He served as Chairman of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission from 1977 to 1981 and has held positions on the staff of the U.S. House of Representatives, the U.S. Treasury Department, and the Securities and Exchange Commission. John A. Hill (1/31/42), Trustee since 1985 and Chairman since 2000 Mr. Hill is Vice Chairman and Managing Director of First Reserve Corporation, a private equity buyout firm that specializes in energy investments in the diversified worldwide energy industry. Mr. Hill is a Director of Devon Energy Corporation, TransMontaigne Oil Company, Continuum Health Partners of New York, and various private companies controlled by First Reserve Corporation, as well as a Trustee of TH Lee Putnam Investment Trust (a closed-end investment company). He is also a Trustee of Sarah Lawrence College. Prior to acquiring First Reserve Corporation in 1983, Mr. Hill held executive positions in investment banking and investment management with several firms and with the federal government, including Deputy Associate Director of the Office of Management and Budget, and Deputy Director of the Federal Energy Administration. He is active in various business associations, including the Economic Club of New York, and lectures on energy issues in the United States and Europe. Mr. Hill holds a B.A. degree in Economics from Southern Methodist University and pursued graduate studies there as a Woodrow Wilson Fellow. Ronald J. Jackson (12/17/43), Trustee since 1996 Mr. Jackson is a private investor. Mr. Jackson is President of the Kathleen and Ronald J. Jackson Foundation (a charitable trust). He is also a member of the Board of Overseers of WGBH (a public television and radio station) as well as a member of the Board of Overseers of the Peabody Essex Museum. Mr. Jackson is the former Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer of Fisher-Price, Inc. (a major toy manufacturer), from which he retired in 1993. He previously served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Stride-Rite, Inc. (a manufacturer and distributor of footwear) and of Kenner Parker Toys, Inc. (a major toy and game manufacturer). Mr. Jackson was President of Talbots, Inc. (a distributor of women's apparel) and has held financial and marketing positions with General Mills, Inc. and Parker Brothers (a toy and game company). Mr. Jackson is a graduate of the University of Michigan Business School. Paul L. Joskow (6/30/47), Trustee since 1997 Dr. Joskow is the Elizabeth and James Killian Professor of Economics and Management, and Director of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Joskow serves as a Director of National Grid Transco (a UK-based holding company with interests in electric and gas transmission and distribution, and telecommunications infrastructure) as well as a Director of Transcanada Corporation (a gas transmission and power company). He also serves on the board of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (a non-profit research institution) and has been President of the Yale University Council since 1993. Prior to February 2002, he was a Director of State Farm Indemnity Company (an automobile insurance company) and prior to March 2000 he was a Director of New England Electric System (a public utility holding company). Dr. Joskow has published five books and numerous articles on topics in industrial organization, government regulation of industry, and competition policy. He is active in industry restructuring, environmental, energy, competition, and privatization policies -- serving as an advisor to governments and corporations worldwide. Dr. Joskow holds a Ph.D. and M. Phil from Yale University and B.A. from Cornell University. Elizabeth T. Kennan (2/25/38), Trustee since 1992 Dr. Kennan is a Partner in Cambus-Kenneth Farm, LLC (cattle and thoroughbred horses). She is President Emeritus of Mount Holyoke College. Dr. Kennan serves as Lead Director (formerly Chairman) of Northeast Utilities and is a Director of Talbots, Inc. She has served as Director on a number of other boards, including Bell Atlantic, Chastain Real Estate, Shawmut Bank, Berkshire Life Insurance, and Kentucky Home Life Insurance. She is a Trustee of Centre College and of Midway College in Midway, Kentucky. She is also a member of The Trustees of Reservations and a Trustee of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. Dr. Kennan has served on the oversight committee of the Folger Shakespeare Library, as President of Five Colleges Incorporated, as a Trustee of Notre Dame University, and is active in various educational and civic associations. As a member of the faculty of Catholic University for twelve years, until 1978, Dr. Kennan directed the post-doctoral program in Patristic and Medieval Studies, taught history, and published numerous articles. Dr. Kennan holds a Ph.D. from the University of Washington in Seattle, an M.S. from St. Hilda's College at Oxford University, and an A.B. from Mount Holyoke College. She holds several honorary doctorates. John H. Mullin, III (6/15/41), Trustee since 1997 Mr. Mullin is the Chairman and CEO of Ridgeway Farm (a limited liability company engaged in timber and farming). Mr. Mullin serves as a Director of The Liberty Corporation (a broadcasting company), Progress Energy, Inc. (a utility company, formerly known as Carolina Power & Light), and Sonoco Products, Inc. (a packaging company). Mr. Mullin is Trustee Emeritus of Washington & Lee University, where he served as Chairman of the Investment Committee. Prior to May 2001, he was a Director of Graphic Packaging International Corp. Prior to February 2004, he was a Director of Alex Brown Realty, Inc. Mr. Mullin also served as a Director of Dillon, Read & Co., Inc. until October 1997 and The Ryland Group, Inc. until January 1998. Mr. Mullin is a graduate of Washington & Lee University and The Wharton Graduate School, University of Pennsylvania. Robert E. Patterson (3/15/45), Trustee since 1984 Mr. Patterson is Senior Partner of Cabot Properties, L.P. and Chairman of Cabot Properties, Inc. Mr. Patterson serves as Chairman of the Joslin Diabetes Center and as a Director of Brandywine Trust Company. Prior to June 2003, he was a Trustee of Sea Education Association. Prior to December 2001, he was President and Trustee of Cabot Industrial Trust (a publicly traded real estate investment trust). Prior to February 1998, Mr. Patterson was Executive Vice President and Director of Acquisitions of Cabot Partners Limited Partnership (a registered investment advisor involved in institutional real estate investments). Prior to 1990, he served as Executive Vice President of Cabot, Cabot & Forbes Realty Advisors, Inc. (the predecessor company of Cabot Partners) and as a Senior Vice President of the Beal Companies (a real estate management, investment, and development firm). Mr. Patterson practiced law and held various positions in state government, and was the founding Executive Director of the Massachusetts Industrial Finance Agency. Mr. Patterson is a graduate of Harvard College and Harvard Law School. W. Thomas Stephens (9/2/42), Trustee since 1997 Mr. Stephens serves on a number of corporate boards. Mr. Stephens serves as a Director of Xcel Energy Incorporated (a public utility company), TransCanada Pipelines Limited, Norske Canada, Inc. (a paper manufacturer), and Qwest Communications. Until 2003, Mr. Stephens was a Director of Mail-Well, Inc. (a diversified printing company). He served as Chairman of Mail-Well until 2001 and as CEO of MacMillan-Bloedel, Ltd. (a forest products company) until 1999. Prior to 1996, Mr. Stephens was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Johns Manville Corporation. He holds B.S. and M.S. degrees from the University of Arkansas. W. Nicholas Thorndike (3/28/33), Trustee since 1992 Mr. Thorndike serves on the boards of various corporations and charitable organizations. Mr. Thorndike is a Director of Courier Corporation (a book publisher and manufacturer). He is also a Trustee of Northeastern University and an honorary Trustee of Massachusetts General Hospital, where he previously served as Chairman and President. Prior to December 2003, he was a Director of The Providence Journal Co. (a newspaper publisher). Prior to September 2000, he was a Director of Bradley Real Estate, Inc.; prior to April 2000, he was a Trustee of Eastern Utilities Associates; and prior to December 2001, he was a Trustee of Cabot Industrial Trust. Mr. Thorndike has also served as Chairman of the Board and Managing Partner of Wellington Management Company/Thorndike, Doran, Paine & Lewis (a registered investment advisor that manages mutual funds and institutional assets), as a Trustee of the Wellington Group of Funds (currently The Vanguard Group), and as Chairman and a Director of Ivest Fund, Inc. Mr. Thorndike is a graduate of Harvard College. George Putnam, III* (8/10/51), Trustee since 1984 and President since 2000 Mr. Putnam is President of New Generation Research, Inc. (a publisher of financial advisory and other research services), and of New Generation Advisers, Inc. (a registered investment advisor to private funds). Mr. Putnam founded the New Generation companies in 1986. Mr. Putnam is a Director of The Boston Family Office, LLC (a registered investment advisor). He is a Trustee of St. Mark's School, Shore Country Day School, and until 2002 was a Trustee of the Sea Education Association. Mr. Putnam previously worked as an attorney with the law firm of Dechert Price & Rhoads in Philadelphia. He is a graduate of Harvard College, Harvard Business School, and Harvard Law School. A.J.C. Smith* (4/13/34), Trustee since 1986 Mr. Smith is Chairman of Putnam Investments and a Director of and Consultant to Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. Mr. Smith is also a Director of Trident Corp. (a limited partnership with over thirty institutional investors). He is also a Trustee of the Carnegie Hall Society, the Educational Broadcasting Corporation, and the National Museums of Scotland. He is Chairman of the Central Park Conservancy and a Member of the Board of Overseers of the Joan and Sanford I. Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University. Prior to May 2000 and November 1999, Mr. Smith was Chairman and CEO, respectively, of Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. The address of each Trustee is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109. As of March 31, 2004, there were 101 Putnam Funds. Each Trustee serves for an indefinite term, until his or her resignation, retirement at age 72, death, or removal. * Trustees who are or may be deemed to be "interested persons" (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940) of the fund, Putnam Management, Putnam Retail Management, or Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., the parent company of Putnam, LLC and its affiliated companies. Messrs. Putnam, III, and Smith are deemed "interested persons" by virtue of their positions as officers or shareholders of the fund or Putnam Management, Putnam Retail Management, or Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. George Putnam, III is the President of your fund and each of the other Putnam funds. Mr. Smith serves as a Director of Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and as Chairman of Putnam Investments. Officers In addition to George Putnam, III, the other officers of the fund are shown below: Charles E. Porter (7/26/38) Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Principal Executive Officer Since 1989 Managing Director, Putnam Investments and Putnam Management Patricia C. Flaherty (12/1/46) Senior Vice President Since 1993 Senior Vice President, Putnam Investments and Putnam Management Steven D. Krichmar (6/27/58) Vice President and Principal Financial Officer Since 2002 Managing Director, Putnam Investments. Prior to July 2001, Partner, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Michael T. Healy (1/24/58) Assistant Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer Since 2000 Managing Director, Putnam Investments Beth S. Mazor (4/6/58) Vice President Since 2002 Senior Vice President, Putnam Investments Francis J. McNamara, III (8/19/55) Vice President and Chief Legal Officer Since 2004 Senior Managing Director, Putnam Investments, Putnam Management and Putnam Retail Management James P. Pappas (2/24/53) Vice President Since 2004 Managing Director, Putnam Investments and Putnam Management Richard S. Robie, III (3/30/60) Vice President Since 2004 Senior Managing Director, Putnam Investments, Putnam Management and Putnam Retail Management Mark C. Trenchard (6/5/62) Vice President and BSA Compliance Officer Since 2002 Senior Vice President, Putnam Investments Judith Cohen (6/7/45) Clerk and Assistant Treasurer Since 1993 Clerk and Assistant Treasurer, The Putnam Funds The address of each Officer is One Post Office Square, Boston, MA 02109. Fund information About Putnam Investments One of the largest mutual fund families in the United States, Putnam Investments has a heritage of investment leadership dating back to Judge Samuel Putnam, whose Prudent Man Rule has defined fiduciary tradition and practice since 1830. Founded over 65 years ago, Putnam Investments was built around the concept that a balance between risk and reward is the hallmark of a well-rounded financial program. We presently manage over 100 mutual funds in growth, value, blend, fixed income, and international. Investment Manager Putnam Investment Management, LLC One Post Office Square Boston, MA 02109 Marketing Services Putnam Retail Management One Post Office Square Boston, MA 02109 Custodian Putnam Fiduciary Trust Company Legal Counsel Ropes & Gray LLP Independent Auditors KPMG LLP Trustees John A. Hill, Chairman Jameson Adkins Baxter Charles B. Curtis Ronald J. Jackson Paul L. Joskow Elizabeth T. Kennan John H. Mullin, III Robert E. Patterson George Putnam, III A.J.C. Smith W. Thomas Stephens W. Nicholas Thorndike Officers George Putnam, III President Charles E. Porter Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Principal Executive Officer Patricia C. Flaherty Senior Vice President Steven D. Krichmar Vice President and Principal Financial Officer Michael T. Healy Assistant Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer James P. Pappas Vice President Richard S. Robie, III Vice President Beth S. Mazor Vice President Mark C. Trenchard Vice President and BSA Compliance Officer Francis J. McNamara, III Vice President and Chief Legal Officer Judith Cohen Clerk and Assistant Treasurer Call 1-800-225-1581 weekdays from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time, or visit our Web site (www.putnaminvestments.com) anytime for up-to-date information about the fund's NAV. [LOGO OMITTED] PUTNAM INVESTMENTS The Putnam Funds One Post Office Square Boston, Massachusetts 02109 PRSRT STD U.S. POSTAGE PAID PUTNAM INVESTMENTS Do you want to save paper and receive this document faster? Shareholders can sign up for email delivery of shareholder reports on www.putnaminvestments.com. 213210 054 5/04 Item 2. Code of Ethics: - ----------------------- All officers of the Fund, including its principal executive, financial and accounting officers, are employees of Putnam Investment Management, LLC, the Fund's investment manager. As such they are subject to a comprehensive Code of Ethics adopted and administered by Putnam Investments which is designed to protect the interests of the firm and its clients. The Fund has adopted a Code of Ethics which incorporates the Code of Ethics of Putnam Investments with respect to all of its officers and Trustees who are employees of Putnam Investment Management, LLC. For this reason, the Fund has not adopted a separate code of ethics governing its principal executive, financial and accounting officers. Item 3. Audit Committee Financial Expert: - ----------------------------------------- The Funds' Audit and Pricing Committee is comprised solely of Trustees who are "independent" (as such term has been defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") in regulations implementing Section 407 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (the "Regulations")). The Trustees believe that each of the members of the Audit and Pricing Committee also possess a combination of knowledge and experience with respect to financial accounting matters, as well as other attributes, that qualify them for service on the Committee. In addition, the Trustees have determined that all members of the Funds' Audit and Pricing Committee meet the financial literacy requirements of the New York Stock Exchange's rules and that Mr. Patterson and Mr. Stephens qualify as "audit committee financial experts" (as such term has been defined by the Regulations) based on their review of their pertinent experience and education. Certain other Trustees, although not on the Audit and Pricing Committee, would also qualify as "audit committee financial experts." The SEC has stated that the designation or identification of a person as an audit committee financial expert pursuant to this Item 3 of Form N-CSR does not impose on such person any duties, obligations or liability that are greater than the duties, obligations and liability imposed on such person as a member of the Audit and Pricing Committee and the Board of Trustees in the absence of such designation or identification. Item 4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services: - ----------------------------------------------- The following table presents fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for services rendered to the fund by the fund's independent auditors: Audit Audit-Related Tax All Other Fiscal year ended Fees Fees Fees Fees - ----------------- ---------- ------------- ------- --------- March 31, 2003 $28,300 $17,250 $3,400 $-- March 31, 2004 $30,000 $18,516 $3,600 $31 For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2004 and March 31, 2003, the fund's independent auditors billed aggregate non-audit fees in the amounts of $ 22,147 and $ 20,650 , respectively, to the fund, Putnam Management and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with Putnam Management that provides ongoing services to the fund. Audit Fees represents fees billed for the fund's last two fiscal years. Audit-Related Fees represents fees billed in the fund's last two fiscal years for services traditionally performed by the fund's auditor, including accounting consultation for proposed transactions or concerning financial accounting and reporting standards and other audit or attest services not required by statute or regulation. Tax Fees represent fees billed in the fund's last two fiscal years for tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice services. Tax planning and tax advice services include assistance with tax audits, employee benefit plans and requests for rulings or technical advice from taxing authorities. All Other Fees represent fees billed for services relating interfund trading. Pre-Approval Policies of the Audit and Pricing Committee. The Audit and Pricing Committee of the Putnam funds has determined that, as a matter of policy, all work performed for the funds by the funds' independent auditors will be pre-approved by the Committee and will generally not be subject to pre-approval procedures. Under certain circumstances, the Audit and Pricing Committee believes that it may be appropriate for Putnam Investment Management, LLC ("Putnam Management") and certain of its affiliates to engage the services of the funds' independent auditors, but only after prior approval by the Committee. Such requests are required to be submitted in writing to the Committee and explain, among other things, the nature of the proposed engagement, the estimated fees, and why this work must be performed by that particular audit firm. The Committee will review the proposed engagement at its next meeting. Since May 6, 2003, all work performed by the independent auditors for the funds, Putnam Management and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with Putnam Management that provides ongoing services to the fund was pre-approved by the Committee or a member of the Committee pursuant to the pre-approval policies discussed above. Prior to that date, the Committee had a general policy to pre-approve the independent auditor's engagements for non-audit services with the funds, Putnam Management and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with Putnam Management that provides ongoing services to the fund. The following table presents fees billed by the fund's principal auditor for services required to be approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X. Audit-Related Tax All Other Total Non- Fiscal year ended Fees Fees Fees Audit Fees - ----------------- ------------- ---- --------- ---------- March 31, 2003 $-- $-- $-- $-- March 31, 2004 $-- $-- $-- $-- Item 5. Audit Committee - ------------------------ (a) The fund has a separately-designated audit committee established in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Audit Committee of the fund's Board of Trustees is composed of the following persons: Paul L. Joskow (Chairperson) Robert E. Patterson W. Thomas Stephens W. Nicholas Thorndike (b) Not applicable Item 6. [Reserved] - --------------------- Item 7. Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures For Closed End - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Management Investment Companies: -------------------------------- Proxy Voting Guidelines of the Putnam Funds - ------------------------------------------- The proxy voting guidelines below summarize the Funds' positions on various issues of concern to investors, and give a general indication of how Fund portfolio securities will be voted on proposals dealing with a particular issue. The Funds' proxy voting service is instructed to vote all proxies relating to Fund portfolio securities in accordance with these guidelines, except as otherwise instructed by the Proxy Coordinator. The proxy voting guidelines are just that - guidelines. The guidelines are not exhaustive and do not include all potential voting issues. Because proxy issues and the circumstances of individual companies are so varied, there may be instances when the Funds may not vote in strict adherence to these guidelines. For example, the proxy voting service is expected to bring to the Proxy Coordinator's attention proxy questions that are company-specific and of a non-routine nature and, although covered by the guidelines, may be more appropriately handled on a case-by-case basis. Similarly, Putnam Management's investment professionals, as part of their ongoing review and analysis of all Fund portfolio holdings, are responsible for monitoring significant corporate developments, including proxy proposals submitted to shareholders, and notifying the Proxy Coordinator of circumstances where the interests of Fund shareholders may warrant a vote contrary to these guidelines. In such instances, the investment professionals will submit a written recommendation to the Proxy Coordinator and the person or persons designated by Putnam Management's Legal and Compliance Department to assist in processing referral items pursuant to the Funds' "Proxy Voting Procedures." The Proxy Coordinator, in consultation with the Senior Vice President, Executive Vice President and/or the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee, as appropriate, will determine how the Funds' proxies will be voted. When indicated, the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee may consult with other members of the Committee or the full board of Trustees. The following guidelines are grouped according to the types of proposals generally presented to shareholders. Part I deals with proposals which have been approved and recommended by a company's board of directors. Part II deals with proposals submitted by shareholders for inclusion in proxy statements. Part III addresses unique considerations pertaining to foreign issuers. I. Board-Approved Proposals - --------------------------- The vast majority of matters presented to shareholders for a vote involve proposals made by a company itself (sometimes referred to as "management proposals"), which have been approved and recommended by its board of directors. In view of the enhanced corporate governance practices currently being implemented in public companies and the Funds' intent to hold corporate boards accountable for their actions in promoting shareholder interests, the Funds' proxies generally will be voted in support of decisions reached by independent boards of directors. Accordingly, the Funds' proxies will be voted for board-approved proposals, except as follows: A. Matters Relating to the Board of Directors - --------------------------------------------- The board of directors has the important role of overseeing management and its performance on behalf of shareholders. The Funds' proxies will be voted for the election of the company's nominees for directors and for board-approved proposals on other matters relating to the board of directors (provided that such nominees and other matters have been approved by an independent nominating committee), except as follows: * The Funds will withhold votes for the entire board of directors if * The board does not have a majority of independent directors; or * The board does not have nominating, audit and compensation committees composed solely of independent directors. Commentary: While these requirements will likely become mandatory for most public companies in the near future as a result of pending NYSE and NASDAQ rule proposals, the Funds' Trustees believe that there is no excuse for public company boards that fail to implement these vital governance reforms at their next annual meeting. For these purposes, an "independent director" is a director who meets all requirements to serve as an independent director of a company under the pending NYSE rule proposals (i.e., no material business relationships with the company, no present or recent employment relationship with the company (including employment of immediate family members) and, in the case of audit committee members, no compensation for non-board services). As indicated below, the Funds will generally vote on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals where the board fails to meet these basic independence standards. * The Funds will withhold votes for any nominee for director who is considered an independent director by the company and who has received compensation from the company other than for service as a director (e.g., investment banking, consulting, legal or financial advisory fees). Commentary: The Funds' Trustees believe that receipt of compensation for services other than service as a director raises significant independence issues. The Funds will withhold votes for any nominee for director who is considered an independent director by the company and who receives such compensation. * The Funds will withhold votes for the entire board of directors if the board has more than 19 members or fewer than five members, absent special circumstances. Commentary: The Funds' Trustees believe that the size of the board of directors can have a direct impact on the ability of the board to govern effectively. Boards that have too many members can be unwieldy and ultimately inhibit their ability to oversee management performance. Boards that have too few members can stifle innovation and lead to excessive influence by management. * The Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis in contested elections of directors. * The Funds will withhold votes for any nominee for director who attends less than 75% of board and committee meetings without valid reasons for the absences (i.e., illness, personal emergency, etc.). Commentary: Being a director of a company requires a significant time commitment to adequately prepare for and attend the company's board and committee meetings. Directors must be able to commit the time and attention necessary to perform their fiduciary duties in proper fashion, particularly in times of crisis. The Funds' Trustees are concerned about over-committed directors. In some cases, directors may serve on too many boards to make a meaningful contribution. This may be particularly true for senior executives of public companies (or other directors with substantially full-time employment) who serve on more than a few outside boards. The Funds may withhold votes from such directors on a case-by-case basis where it appears that they may be unable to discharge their duties properly because of excessive commitments. * The Funds will withhold votes for any nominee for director of a public company (Company A) who is employed as a senior executive of another public company (Company B) if a director of Company B serves as a senior executive of Company A (commonly referred to as an "interlocking directorate"). Commentary: The Funds' Trustees believe that interlocking directorships are inconsistent with the degree of independence required for outside directors of public companies. Board independence depends not only on its members' individual relationships, but also the board's overall attitude toward management. Independent boards are committed to good corporate governance practices and, by providing objective independent judgment, enhancing shareholder value. The Funds may withhold votes on a case-by-case basis from some or all directors that, through their lack of independence, have failed to observe good corporate governance practices or, through specific corporate action, have demonstrated a disregard for the interest of shareholders. * The Funds will vote against proposals to classify a board, absent special circumstances indicating that shareholder interests would be better served by this structure. Commentary: Under a typical classified board structure, the directors are divided into three classes, with each class serving a three-year term. The classified board structure results in directors serving staggered terms, with usually only a third of the directors up for re-election at any given annual meeting. The Funds' Trustees generally believe that it is appropriate for directors to stand for election each year, but recognize that, in special circumstances, shareholder interests may be better served under a classified board structure. B. Executive Compensation - ------------------------- The Funds generally favor compensation programs that relate executive compensation to a company's long-term performance. The Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals relating to executive compensation, except as follows: * Except where the Funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, the Funds will vote for stock option plans which will result in an average annual dilution of 1.67% or less (including all equity-based plans). * The Funds will vote against stock option plans that permit replacing or repricing of underwater options (and against any proposal to authorize such replacement or repricing of underwater options). * The Funds will vote against stock option plans that permit issuance of options with an exercise price below the stock's current market price. * Except where the Funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors, the Funds will vote for employee stock purchase plans that have the following features: (1) the shares purchased under the plan are acquired for no less than 85% of their market value, (2) the offering period under the plan is 27 months or less, and (3) dilution is 10% or less. Commentary: Companies should have compensation programs that are reasonable and that align shareholder and management interests over the longer term. Further, disclosure of compensation programs should provide absolute transparency to shareholders regarding the sources and amounts of, and the factors influencing, executive compensation. Appropriately designed equity-based compensation plans can be an effective way to align the interests of long-term shareholders with the interests of management. The Funds may vote against executive compensation proposals on a case-by-case basis where compensation is excessive by reasonable corporate standards, or where a company fails to provide transparent disclosure of executive compensation. In voting on proposals relating to executive compensation, the Funds will consider whether the proposal has been approved by an independent compensation committee of the board. C. Capitalization - ----------------- Many proxy proposals involve changes in a company's capitalization, including the authorization of additional stock, the repurchase of outstanding stock or the approval of a stock split. The management of a company's capital structure involves a number of important issues, including cash flow, financing needs and market conditions that are unique to the circumstances of each company. As a result, the Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals involving changes to a company's capitalization, except that where the Funds are not otherwise withholding votes from the entire board of directors: * The Funds will vote for proposals relating to the authorization of additional common stock (except where such proposals relate to a specific transaction). * The Funds will vote for proposals to effect stock splits (excluding reverse stock splits.) * The Funds will vote for proposals authorizing share repurchase programs. Commentary: A company may decide to authorize additional shares of common stock for reasons relating to executive compensation or for routine business purposes. For the most part, these decisions are best left to the board of directors and senior management. The Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis, however, on other proposals to change a company's capitalization, including the authorization of common stock with special voting rights, the authorization or issuance of common stock in connection with a specific transaction (e.g., an acquisition, merger or reorganization) or the authorization or issuance of preferred stock. Actions such as these involve a number of considerations that may impact a shareholder's investment and warrant a case-by-case determination. D. Acquisitions, Mergers, Reincorporations, Reorganizations and Other Transactions - --------------------------------------------------------------- Shareholders may be confronted with a number of different types of transactions, including acquisitions, mergers, reorganizations involving business combinations, liquidations and sale of all or substantially all of a company's assets, which may require their consent. Voting on such proposals involves considerations unique to each transaction. As a result, the Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on board-approved proposals to effect these types of transactions, except as follows: * The Funds will vote for mergers and reorganizations involving business combinations designed solely to reincorporate a company in Delaware. Commentary: A company may reincorporate into another state through a merger or reorganization by setting up a "shell" company in a different state and then merging the company into the new company. While reincorporation into states with extensive and established corporate laws - notably Delaware - provides companies and shareholders with a more well-defined legal framework, generally speaking, shareholders must carefully consider the reasons for a reincorporation into another jurisdiction, including especially offshore jurisdictions. E. Anti-Takeover Measures - ------------------------- Some proxy proposals involve efforts by management to make it more difficult for an outside party to take control of the company without the approval of the company's board of directors. These include adoption of a shareholder rights plan, requiring supermajority voting on particular issues, adoption of fair price provisions, issuance of blank check preferred stock and creating a separate class of stock with disparate voting rights. Such proposals may adversely affect shareholder rights, lead to management entrenchment, or create conflicts of interest. As a result, the Funds will vote against board-approved proposals to adopt such anti-takeover measures, except as follows: * The Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to ratify or approve shareholder rights plans (commonly referred to as "poison pills"); and * The Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to adopt fair price provisions. Commentary: The Funds' Trustees recognize that poison pills and fair price provisions may enhance shareholder value under certain circumstances. As a result, the Funds will consider proposals to approve such matters on a case-by-case basis. F. Other Business Matters - ------------------------- Many proxies involve approval of routine business matters, such as changing the company's name, ratifying the appointment of auditors and procedural matters relating to the shareholder meeting. For the most part, these routine matters do not materially affect shareholder interests and are best left to the board of directors and senior management of the company. The Funds will vote for board-approved proposals approving such matters, except as follows: * The Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on proposals to amend a company's charter or bylaws (except for charter amendments necessary or to effect stock splits to change a company's name or to authorize additional shares of common stock). * The Funds will vote against authorization to transact other unidentified, substantive business at the meeting. * The Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on other business matters where the Funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors. Commentary: Charter and bylaw amendments and the transaction of other unidentified, substantive business at a shareholder meeting may directly affect shareholder rights and have a significant impact on shareholder value. As a result, the Funds do not view such items as routine business matters. Putnam Management's investment professionals and the Funds' proxy voting service may also bring to the Proxy Coordinator's attention company-specific items which they believe to be non-routine and warranting special consideration. Under these circumstances, the Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis. II. Shareholder Proposals - ------------------------- SEC regulations permit shareholders to submit proposals for inclusion in a company's proxy statement. These proposals generally seek to change some aspect of a company's corporate governance structure or to change some aspect of its business operations. The Funds will vote in accordance with the recommendation of the company's board of directors on all shareholder proposals, except as follows: * The Funds will vote for shareholder proposals to declassify a board, absent special circumstances which would indicate that shareholder interests are better served by a classified board structure. * The Funds will vote for shareholder proposals to require shareholder approval of shareholder rights plans. * The Funds will vote for shareholder proposals that are consistent with the Fund's proxy voting guidelines for board-approved proposals. * The Funds will vote on a case-by-case basis on other shareholder proposals where the Funds are otherwise withholding votes for the entire board of directors. Commentary: In light of the substantial reforms in corporate governance that are currently underway, the Funds' Trustees believe that effective corporate reforms should be promoted by holding boards of directors - and in particular, their independent directors - accountable for their actions, rather than imposing additional legal restrictions on board governance through piecemeal proposals. Generally speaking, shareholder proposals relating to business operations are often motivated primarily by political or social concerns, rather than the interests of shareholders as investors in an economic enterprise. As stated above, the Funds' Trustees believe that boards of directors and management are responsible for ensuring that their businesses are operating in accordance with high legal and ethical standards and should be held accountable for resulting corporate behavior. Accordingly, the Funds will generally support the recommendations of boards that meet the basic independence and governance standards established in these guidelines. Where boards fail to meet these standards, the Funds will generally evaluate shareholder proposals on a case-by-case basis. III. Voting Shares of Foreign Issuers - ------------------------------------- Many of the Funds invest on a global basis and, as a result, they may be required to vote shares held in foreign issuers - i.e., issuers that are incorporated under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction and that are not listed a U.S. securities exchange or the NASDAQ stock market. Because foreign issuers are incorporated under the laws of countries and jurisdictions outside the U.S., protection for shareholders may vary significantly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Laws governing foreign issuers may, in some cases, provide substantially less protection for shareholders. As a result, the foregoing guidelines, which are premised on the existence of a sound corporate governance and disclosure framework, may not be appropriate under some circumstances for foreign issuers. The Funds will vote proxies of foreign issuers in accordance with the foregoing guidelines where applicable, except as follows: * The Funds will vote for shareholder proposals calling for a majority of the directors to be independent of management. * The Funds will vote for shareholder proposals seeking to increase the independence of board nominating, audit and compensation committees. * The Funds will vote for shareholder proposals that implement corporate governance standards similar to those established under U.S. federal law and the listing requirements of U.S. stock exchanges, and that do not otherwise violate the laws of the jurisdiction under which the company is incorporated. * The Funds will vote on case-by-case basis on proposals relating to (1) the issuance of common stock in excess of 20% of a company's outstanding common stock where shareholders do not have preemptive rights, or (2) the issuance of common stock in excess of 100% of a company's outstanding common stock where shareholders have preemptive rights. Commentary: In many non-U.S. markets, shareholders who vote proxies for shares of a foreign issuer are not able to trade in that company's stock within a given period of time on or around the shareholder meeting date. This practice is known as "share blocking." In countries where share blocking is practiced, the Funds will vote proxies only with direction from Putnam Management's investment professionals. As adopted March 14, 2003 Proxy Voting Procedures of the Putnam Funds - ------------------------------------------- The Role of the Funds' Trustees - ------------------------------- The Trustees of the Putnam Funds exercise control of the voting of proxies through their Board Policy and Nominating Committee, which is composed entirely of independent Trustees. The Board Policy and Nominating Committee oversees the proxy voting process and participates, as needed, in the resolution of issues which need to be handled on a case-by-case basis. The Committee annually reviews and recommends for approval by the Trustees guidelines governing the Funds' proxy votes, including how the Funds vote on specific proposals and which matters are to be considered on a case-by-case basis. The Trustees are assisted in this process by their independent administrative staff ("Fund Administration"), independent legal counsel, and an independent proxy voting service. The Trustees also receive assistance from Putnam Investment Management, LLC ("Putnam Management"), the Funds' investment adviser, on matters involving investment judgments. In all cases, the ultimate decision on voting proxies rests with the Trustees, acting as fiduciaries on behalf of the shareholders of the Funds. The Role of the Proxy Voting Service - ------------------------------------ The Funds have engaged an independent proxy voting service to assist in the voting of proxies. The proxy voting service is responsible for coordinating with the Funds' custodians to ensure that all proxy materials received by the custodians relating to the Funds' portfolio securities are processed in a timely fashion. To the extent applicable, the proxy voting service votes all proxies in accordance with the proxy voting guidelines established by the Trustees. The proxy voting service will refer proxy questions to the Proxy Coordinator (described below) for instructions under circumstances where: (1) the application of the proxy voting guidelines is unclear, (2) a particular proxy question is not covered by the guidelines, or (3) the guidelines call for specific instructions on a case-by-case basis. The proxy voting service is also requested to call to the Proxy Coordinator's attention specific proxy questions which, while governed by a guideline, appear to involve unusual or controversial issues. The Funds also utilize research services relating to proxy questions provided by the proxy voting service and by other firms. The Role of the Proxy Coordinator - --------------------------------- Each year, a member of Fund Administration is appointed Proxy Coordinator to assist in the coordination and voting of the Funds' proxies. The Proxy Coordinator will deal directly with the proxy voting service and, in the case of proxy questions referred by the proxy voting service, will solicit voting recommendations and instructions from Fund Administration, the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee, and Putnam Management's investment professionals, as appropriate. The Proxy Coordinator is responsible for ensuring that these questions and referrals are responded to in a timely fashion and for transmitting appropriate voting instructions to the proxy voting service. Voting Procedures for Referral Items - ------------------------------------ As discussed above, the proxy voting service will refer proxy questions to the Proxy Coordinator under certain circumstances. When the application of the proxy voting guidelines is unclear or a particular proxy question is not covered by the guidelines (and does not involve investment considerations), the Proxy Coordinator will assist in interpreting the guidelines and, as appropriate, consult with the Senior Vice President of Fund Administration, the Executive Vice President of Fund Administration and the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee on how the Funds' shares will be voted. For proxy questions that require a case-by-case analysis pursuant to the guidelines or that are not covered by the guidelines but involve investment considerations, the Proxy Coordinator will refer such questions, through a written request, to Putnam Management's investment professionals for a voting recommendation. Such referrals will be made in cooperation with the person or persons designated by Putnam Management's Legal and Compliance Department to assist in processing such referral items. In connection with each such referral item, the Legal and Compliance Department will conduct a conflicts of interest review, as described below under "Conflicts of Interest," and provide a conflicts of interest report (the "Conflicts Report") to the Proxy Coordinator describing the results of such review. After receiving a referral item from the Proxy Coordinator, Putnam Management's investment professionals will provide a written recommendation to the Proxy Coordinator and the person or persons designated by the Legal and Compliance Department to assist in processing referral items. Such recommendation will set forth (1) how the proxies should be voted, (2) the basis and rationale for such recommendation, and (3) any contacts the investment professionals have had with respect to the referral item with non-investment personnel of Putnam Management or with outside parties (except for routine communications from proxy solicitors). The Proxy Coordinator will then review the investment professionals' recommendation and the Conflicts Report with the Senior Vice President and/or Executive Vice President in determining how to vote the Funds' proxies. The Proxy Coordinator will maintain a record of all proxy questions that have been referred to Putnam Management's investment professionals, the voting recommendation and the Conflicts Report. In some situations, the Proxy Coordinator, the Senior Vice President and/or the Executive Vice President may determine that a particular proxy question raises policy issues requiring consultation with the Chair of the Board Policy and Nominating Committee who, in turn, may decide to bring the particular proxy question to the Committee or the full board of Trustees for consideration. Conflicts of Interest - --------------------- Occasions may arise where a person or organization involved in the proxy voting process may have a conflict of interest. A conflict of interest may exist, for example, if Putnam Management has a business relationship with (or is actively soliciting business from) either the company soliciting the proxy or a third party that has a material interest in the outcome of a proxy vote or that is actively lobbying for a particular outcome of a proxy vote. Any individual with knowledge of a personal conflict of interest (e.g., familial relationship with company management) relating to a particular referral item shall disclose that conflict to the Proxy Coordinator and the Legal and Compliance Department and otherwise remove himself or herself from the proxy voting process. The Legal and Compliance Department will review each item referred to Putnam Management's investment professionals to determine if a conflict of interest exists and will provide the Proxy Coordinator with a Conflicts Report for each referral item that (1) describes any conflict of interest; (2) discusses the procedures used to address such conflict of interest; and (3) discloses any contacts from parties outside Putnam Management (other than routine communications from proxy solicitors) with respect to the referral item not otherwise reported in an investment professional's recommendation. The Conflicts Report will also include written confirmation that any recommendation from an investment professional provided under circumstances where a conflict of interest exists was made solely on the investment merits and without regard to any other consideration. As adopted March 14, 2003 Item 8. [Reserved] - ------------------ Item 9. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders: - ------------------------------------------------------------ Not applicable Item 10. Controls and Procedures: - -------------------------------- (a) The registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded, based on their evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of this report on Form N-CSR, that the design and operation of such procedures are generally effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the investment company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms. Although such officers reached the conclusion expressed in the preceding paragraph, they are aware of matters that raise concerns with respect to controls, each of which arose in connection with the administration of 401(k) plans by Putnam Fiduciary Trust Company. The first matter, which occurred in early 2001, involved the willful circumvention of controls by certain Putnam employees in connection with the correction of operational errors with respect to a 401(k) client's investment in certain Putnam Funds, which led to losses in five Putnam Funds (not including the registrant). Such officers became aware of this matter in February 2004. The second matter, which occurred in 2002, involved the willful circumvention by certain Putnam employees of policies and procedures in connection with the payment of Putnam corporate expenses. Such officers did not learn that this matter involved a Putnam Fund until January 2004. Putnam has made restitution to the affected Funds, implemented a number of personnel changes, including senior personnel, begun to implement changes in procedures to address these items and informed the SEC, the Funds' Trustees and independent auditors. An internal investigation and review of procedures and controls are currently ongoing. In reaching the conclusion expressed herein, the registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer considered a number of factors, including the nature of the matters described above, when the matters occurred, the individuals involved, personnel changes that have occurred since these matters occurred, the results to date of the current ongoing investigation and the overall quality of controls at Putnam at this time. (b) Changes in internal control over financial reporting: Not applicable Item 11. Exhibits: - ------------------ (a) The Code of Ethics of The Putnam Funds, which incorporates the Code of Ethics of Putnam Investments, is filed herewith. (b) A separate certification for each principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the registrant as required by Rule 30a-2 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the officer certifications as required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are filed herewith. SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 an the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. NAME OF REGISTRANT By (Signature and Title): /s/Michael T. Healy -------------------------- Michael T. Healy Principal Accounting Officer Date: May 27, 2004 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 an the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. By (Signature and Title): /s/Charles E. Porter --------------------------- Charles E. Porter Principal Executive Officer Date: May 27, 2004 By (Signature and Title): /s/Steven D. Krichmar --------------------------- Steven D. Krichmar Principal Financial Officer Date: May 27, 2004