LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

                    TO TENDER SHARES OF CLASS A COMMON STOCK

                                       OF

                               HUNGRY MINDS, INC.
                                       AT
                               6.09 NET PER SHARE
           PURSUANT TO THE OFFER TO PURCHASE DATED AUGUST 20, 2001 BY

                              HMI ACQUISITION CORP.
                 A DIRECT OR INDIRECT WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF

                             JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.

         THE OFFER AND WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS WILL EXPIRE AT 12:00 MIDNIGHT,
               NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 2001,
                          UNLESS THE OFFER IS EXTENDED.

                        THE DEPOSITARY FOR THE OFFER IS:
                          EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.



                                                               
           BY MAIL:                         BY HAND:                      BY OVERNIGHT DELIVERY:

 EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.         SECURITIES TRANSFER             EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.
        P.O. Box 43025             & REPORTING SERVICES, INC.             ATTN: CORPORATE ACTIONS
   Providence, RI 02940-3025    C/O EQUISERVE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP           40 Campanelli Drive
                                  100 Williams Street Galleria              Braintree, MA 02184
                                       New York, NY 10038



     DELIVERY OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL TO AN ADDRESS OTHER THAN AS
SPECIFIED ABOVE WILL NOT CONSTITUTE A VALID DELIVERY.

     THE INSTRUCTIONS CONTAINED WITHIN THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL SHOULD BE READ
CAREFULLY BEFORE THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL IS COMPLETED.



- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   DESCRIPTION OF SHARES TENDERED
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) OF REGISTERED HOLDER(S)                                     SHARES TENDERED
(PLEASE FILL IN, IF BLANK, EXACTLY AS NAME(S) APPEAR(S) ON SHARE CERTIFICATE(S)    (ATTACH ADDITIONAL SIGNED LIST IF NECESSARY)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                TOTAL NUMBER OF
                                                                                                    SHARES           NUMBER OF
                                                                                CERTIFICATE      REPRESENTED BY        SHARES
                                                                                NUMBER(S)(1)    CERTIFICATE(S)(1)   TENDERED (2)
                                                                               ----------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                           

                                                                               ----------------------------------------------------

                                                                               ----------------------------------------------------

- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL SHARES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1)  Need not be completed by Book-Entry Stockholders.
(2)  Unless otherwise indicated, it will be assumed that all Shares represented by Share certificates delivered to EquiServe Trust
     Company, N.A. are being tendered hereby. See Instruction 4.





NOTE: SIGNATURES MUST BE PROVIDED BELOW. PLEASE READ THE INSTRUCTIONS CONTAINED
      IN THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL CAREFULLY.

     This Letter of Transmittal is to be used by  stockholders  of Hungry Minds,
Inc.  if  certificates  for  Shares  (as such term is  defined  below) are to be
forwarded  herewith or, unless an Agent's  Message (as defined in  Instruction 2
below) is utilized,  if delivery of Shares is to be made by book-entry  transfer
to an account maintained by EquiServe Trust Company,  N.A. (the "Depositary") at
the Book-Entry  Transfer  Facility (as defined in and pursuant to the procedures
described  in the Offer to  Purchase,  dated  August  20,  2001  (the  "Offer to
Purchase")). Stockholders who deliver Shares by book-entry transfer are referred
to herein as "Book-Entry Stockholders".

     Stockholders whose certificates for Shares are not immediately available or
who cannot deliver either the certificates for, or a Book-Entry Confirmation (as
defined in Section 2 of the Offer to  Purchase)  on a timely  basis with respect
to, their Shares and all other required documents to the Depositary prior to the
Expiration  Date (as defined in Section 1 of the Offer to Purchase)  must tender
their Shares in accordance with the guaranteed delivery procedures  described in
Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase. See Instruction 2.

     DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS TO A BOOK-ENTRY  TRANSFER FACILITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH
SUCH BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER  FACILITY'S  PROCEDURES DOES NOT CONSTITUTE DELIVERY TO
THE DEPOSITARY.

[  ] CHECK  HERE IF  TENDERED SHARES ARE BEING DELIVERED BY BOOK-ENTRY  TRANSFER
     MADE TO THE DEPOSITARY'S  ACCOUNT AT THE BOOK-ENTRY  TRANSFER  FACILITY AND
     COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING (ONLY FINANCIAL  INSTITUTIONS  THAT ARE PARTICIPANTS
     IN THE  BOOK-ENTRY  TRANSFER  FACILITY  MAY  DELIVER  SHARES BY  BOOK-ENTRY
     TRANSFER):

     Name of Tendering Institution:____________________________________________

     Account Number:___________________________________________________________

     Transaction Code Number:__________________________________________________

[  ] CHECK  HERE IF TENDERED SHARES  ARE BEING DELIVERED PURSUANT TO A NOTICE OF
     GUARANTEED  DELIVERY  PREVIOUSLY  SENT TO THE  DEPOSITARY  AND COMPLETE THE
     FOLLOWING:

     Name(s) of Registered Owner(s):___________________________________________

     Window Ticket No. (if any):_______________________________________________

     Date of Execution of Notice of Guaranteed Delivery:_______________________

     Name of Institution which Guaranteed Delivery:____________________________

     If delivered by Book-Entry Transfer, check box: [ ]

     Name of Tendering Institution:____________________________________________

     Account Number:___________________________________________________________

     Transaction Code Number:__________________________________________________


                                       2



Ladies and Gentlemen:

     The  undersigned  hereby  tenders  to HMI  Acquisition  Corp.,  a  Delaware
corporation  ("PURCHASER")  and a direct or indirect wholly owned  subsidiary of
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., a New York corporation  ("WILEY"),  the above-described
shares of Class A Common Stock,  par value $0.001 per share (the  "SHARES"),  of
Hungry  Minds,  Inc.,  a  Delaware  corporation,  formerly  known  as IDG  Books
Worldwide,  Inc. (the "COMPANY"),  pursuant to Purchaser's offer to purchase all
outstanding  Shares at a price of $6.09 per  Share,  net to the  seller in cash,
without interest thereon, upon the terms and subject to the conditions contained
in the Offer to Purchase,  dated August 20, 2001 (the "OFFER TO PURCHASE"),  and
in  this  Letter  of  Transmittal  (which,   together  with  any  amendments  or
supplements  thereto  or  hereto,  collectively  constitute  the  "OFFER").  The
undersigned  understands that Purchaser reserves the right to transfer or assign
to Wiley, or any direct or indirect wholly owned  subsidiary of Wiley, the right
to purchase all or any portion of the Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer, but
any such transfer or assignment  will not relieve  Purchaser of its  obligations
under the Merger  Agreement (as defined  below) and will in no way prejudice the
rights of the  tendering  stockholders  to receive  payment  for Shares  validly
tendered and accepted for payment pursuant to the Offer. Receipt of the Offer is
hereby acknowledged.

     The Offer is being made pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated
as of August 12, 2001 (the "MERGER AGREEMENT"),  among Wiley,  Purchaser and the
Company.

     Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Offer (and if the Offer
is extended or amended,  the terms of any such extension or amendment),  subject
to, and effective  upon,  acceptance for payment of, and payment for, the Shares
tendered  herewith in accordance  with the terms of the Offer,  the  undersigned
hereby sells,  assigns and transfers  to, or upon the order of,  Purchaser,  all
right,  title and  interest  in and to, all the Shares  that are being  tendered
hereby (and any and all  non-cash  and cash  dividends,  distributions,  rights,
stock  splits,  other Shares or other  securities  issued or issuable in respect
thereof on or after the Purchase Date (as  hereinafter  defined)  (collectively,
"DISTRIBUTIONS"),  and  irrevocably  constitutes and appoints the Depositary the
true and  lawful  agent,  attorney-in-fact  and  proxy of the  undersigned  with
respect to such Shares (and all Distributions),  with full power of substitution
(such  power of  attorney  and proxy  being  deemed to be an  irrevocable  power
coupled with an interest),  to (1) deliver certificates for such Shares (and any
Distributions),  or transfer ownership of such Shares (and any Distributions) on
the account books maintained by the Book-Entry Transfer Facility,  together,  in
either such case, with all accompanying  evidence of transfer and  authenticity,
to or upon the order of the  Purchaser  upon receipt by the  Depositary,  as the
undersigned's  agent,  of the purchase  price,  (2) present such Shares (and any
Distributions)  for  transfer  on the books of the  Company  and (3) receive all
benefits  and  otherwise  exercise  all rights of  beneficial  ownership of such
Shares (and any  Distributions),  all in accordance with the terms of the Offer.
As used herein, the term "Purchase  Date"means the date on which tendered shares
are accepted for payment  under the Offer and Purchaser is obligated to purchase
and pay for the Shares under the Offer.

     By executing this Letter of Transmittal, the undersigned hereby irrevocably
appoints  each  designee of Purchaser as the  attorney-in-fact  and proxy of the
undersigned,  each with full  power of  substitution,  to vote at any  annual or
special meeting of the Company's stockholders or any adjournment or postponement
thereof or otherwise in such manner as each such  attorney-in-fact  and proxy or
such  substitute  shall in its sole  discretion  deem proper with respect to, to
execute any written consent concerning any matter as each such  attorney-in-fact
and  proxy or his  substitute  shall in his sole  discretion  deem  proper  with
respect to, and to otherwise act as each such  attorney-in-fact and proxy or its
substitute  shall in his sole discretion deem proper with respect to, all of the
Shares (and any  Distributions)  tendered hereby and accepted for payment by the
Purchaser.  This  appointment  will be  effective  if and when,  and only to the
extent that,  Purchaser  accepts such Shares for payment  pursuant to the Offer.
This  power  of  attorney  and  proxy  are   irrevocable   and  are  granted  in
consideration  of the  acceptance  for  payment of such Shares by  Purchaser  in
accordance  with the terms of the Offer.  Such  acceptance  for  payment  shall,
without further action,  revoke any prior powers of attorney and proxies granted
by  the   undersigned  at  any  time  with  respect  to  such  Shares  (and  any
Distributions),  and no  subsequent  powers of  attorney,  proxies,  consents or
revocations may be given by the undersigned with respect thereto (and, if given,
will not be  deemed  effective).  The  undersigned  understands  that  Purchaser
reserves  the right to require  that,  in order for Shares to be deemed  validly
tendered,  immediately upon  Purchaser's  acceptance for payment of such Shares,
Purchaser  must be able to exercise  full voting,  consent and other rights with
respect to such Shares (and any Distributions),  including voting at any meeting
of the Company's stockholders.

     The  undersigned  hereby  represents and warrants that the  undersigned has
full  power and  authority  to tender,  sell,  assign  and  transfer  the Shares
tendered  hereby and all  Distributions,  that the  undersigned  owns the Shares
tendered  hereby  within  the  meaning  of  Rule  14e-4  promulgated  under  the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "EXCHANGE ACT"), that the

                                       3




tender of the tendered  Shares  complies with Rule 14e-4 under the Exchange Act,
and that when the same are accepted  for payment by  Purchaser,  Purchaser  will
acquire   good,   marketable   and   unencumbered   title  thereto  and  to  all
Distributions,   free  and  clear  of  all  liens,  restrictions,   charges  and
encumbrances  and the same  will  not be  subject  to any  adverse  claims.  The
undersigned  will,  upon request,  execute and deliver any additional  documents
deemed by the  Depositary  or Purchaser to be necessary or desirable to complete
the  sale,  assignment  and  transfer  of the  Shares  tendered  hereby  and all
Distributions. In addition, the undersigned shall remit and transfer promptly to
the Depositary for the account of the Purchaser all  Distributions in respect of
the Shares tendered hereby, accompanied by appropriate documentation of transfer
and,  pending such  remittance  and transfer or appropriate  assurance  thereof,
Purchaser  shall be entitled to all rights and  privileges as owner of each such
Distribution  and may withhold the entire  purchase price of the Shares tendered
hereby  or  deduct  from  such  purchase  price  the  amount  or  value  of such
Distribution as determined by Purchaser in its sole discretion.

     All authority herein  conferred or agreed to be conferred  pursuant to this
Letter of Transmittal  shall survive the death or incapacity of the undersigned,
and any obligation of the undersigned hereunder shall be binding upon the heirs,
executors,  administrators,  personal  representatives,  trustees in bankruptcy,
successors  and  assigns  of the  undersigned.  Except as stated in the Offer to
Purchase, this tender is irrevocable.

     The undersigned understands that the valid tender of Shares pursuant to any
one of the procedures described in Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase and in the
Instructions  hereto will constitute a binding agreement between the undersigned
and Purchaser  upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Offer (and if
the Offer is extended or amended,  the terms or conditions of any such extension
or amendment).  Without  limiting the foregoing,  if the price to be paid in the
Offer is amended in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement and notice
of such  change  is  provided  by the  Purchaser,  the  price  to be paid to the
undersigned will be the amended price  notwithstanding the fact that a different
price is stated in this Letter of Transmittal.  The undersigned  recognizes that
under certain  circumstances  set forth in the Offer to Purchase,  the Purchaser
may not be required to accept for payment any of the Shares tendered hereby.

     Unless  otherwise  indicated  herein in the box entitled  "Special  Payment
Instructions,"  please  issue  the check for the  purchase  price of all  Shares
purchased and/or return any certificates for Shares not tendered or accepted for
payment in the name(s) of the undersigned. Similarly, unless otherwise indicated
under "Special  Delivery  Instructions,"  please mail the check for the purchase
price of all Shares  purchased  and/or  return any  certificates  for Shares not
tendered  or not  accepted  for  payment  (and any  accompanying  documents,  as
appropriate)  to the  undersigned  at the address shown below the  undersigned's
signature.  In the event that the boxes entitled "Special Payment  Instructions"
and "Special Delivery  Instructions" are both completed,  please issue the check
for the purchase price of all Shares  purchased  and/or return any  certificates
evidencing Shares not tendered or not accepted for payment (and any accompanying
documents,  as  appropriate)  in the name(s) of, and deliver  such check  and/or
return any such  certificates (and any accompanying  documents,  as appropriate)
to, the person(s) so indicated.  Unless  otherwise  indicated  herein in the box
entitled  "Special  Payment  Instructions,"  please  credit any Shares  tendered
herewith by  book-entry  transfer that are not accepted for payment by crediting
the  account  at  the  Book-Entry   Transfer  Facility   designated  above.  The
undersigned  recognizes  that  Purchaser  has  no  obligation,  pursuant  to the
"Special  Payment  Instructions,"  to  transfer  any Shares from the name of the
registered  holder  thereof if the Purchaser  does not accept for payment any of
the Shares so tendered.

[ ]  CHECK HERE IF ANY  OF  THE  CERTIFICATES  REPRESENTING SHARES THAT YOU OWN
     HAVE BEEN LOST, DESTROYED OR STOLEN AND SEE INSTRUCTION  11.


     NUMBER OF SHARES REPRESENTED BY LOST, DESTROYED OR STOLEN CERTIFICATES:

     ________________________________________

                                       4



                          SPECIAL PAYMENT INSTRUCTIONS
                        (SEE INSTRUCTIONS 1, 5, 6 AND 7)

     To be completed ONLY if the check for the purchase price of Shares accepted
for payment (less the amount of any federal  income and backup  withholding  tax
required to be withheld)  is to be issued in the name of someone  other than the
undersigned, if certificates for Shares not tendered or not accepted for payment
are to be issued in the name of someone other than the  undersigned or if Shares
tendered  hereby and delivered by book-entry  transfer that are not accepted for
payment are to be returned by credit to an account  maintained at the Book-Entry
Transfer Facility other than the account indicated above.

Issue [ ] check and/or [ ] Share certificate(s) to:

Name:
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 (PLEASE PRINT)

Address:
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               (INCLUDE ZIP CODE)

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               (TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION OR SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER)
                            (SEE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9)

     Credit Shares delivered by book-entry transfer and not purchased to the
Book-Entry Transfer Facility account:

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                (ACCOUNT NUMBER)



                          SPECIAL DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS
                          (SEE INSTRUCTIONS 1, 6 AND 7)

     To be  completed  ONLY if  certificates  for  Shares  not  tendered  or not
accepted for payment and/or the check for the purchase price of Shares  accepted
for payment (less the amount of any federal  income and backup  withholding  tax
required to be withheld) is to be sent to someone other than the  undersigned or
to the  undersigned  at an address other than that shown under  "Description  of
Shares Tendered."

Mail [ ] check and/or [ ] Share certificates to:

Name:
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 (PLEASE PRINT)

Address:
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               (INCLUDE ZIP CODE)

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               (TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION OR SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER)
                            (SEE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9)

                                        5




                             IMPORTANT -- SIGN HERE
   (ALSO COMPLETE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 INCLUDED IN THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL)

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        (SIGNATURE(S) OF STOCKHOLDER(S))

Dated:____________________________________________________________________,2001

(Must be signed by  registered  holder(s)  exactly as name(s)  appear(s)  on the
Share  certificate(s)  or  on  a  security  position  listing  or  by  person(s)
authorized  to  become  registered   holder(s)  by  certificates  and  documents
transmitted  herewith.  If  signature  is by trustee,  executor,  administrator,
guardian, attorney-in-fact, officer of a corporation or other person acting in a
fiduciary or representative  capacity,  please provide the following information
and see Instruction 5.)

Name(s):_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________
                                 (PLEASE PRINT)

Name of
Firm:__________________________________________________________________________

Capacity (full
title):________________________________________________________________________
                               (SEE INSTRUCTION 5)

Address:_______________________________________________________________________
                               (INCLUDE ZIP CODE)

Area Code and Telephone
Number:________________________________________________________________________

Taxpayer Identification or
Social Security
Number:________________________________________________________________________
                            (SEE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9)


                            GUARANTEE OF SIGNATURE(S)
                           (SEE INSTRUCTIONS 1 AND 5)

Authorized
Signature:_____________________________________________________________________

Name(s):_______________________________________________________________________
                                 (PLEASE PRINT)

Title:_________________________________________________________________________

Name of
Firm:__________________________________________________________________________

Address:_______________________________________________________________________
                               (INCLUDE ZIP CODE)

Area Code and Telephone
Number:________________________________________________________________________


                                        6




                                  INSTRUCTIONS
              FORMING PART OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE OFFER


     1.  GUARANTEE OF  SIGNATURES.  No  signature  guarantee is required on this
Letter  of  Transmittal  (a) if this  Letter  of  Transmittal  is  signed by the
registered  holder(s)  (which term, for purposes of this document,  includes any
participant  in any of the  Book-Entry  Transfer  Facility's  systems whose name
appears on a  security  position  listing as the owner of the  Shares) of Shares
tendered herewith,  unless such registered holder(s) has (have) completed either
the box entitled  "Special Payment  Instructions"  or the box entitled  "Special
Delivery  Instructions" above or (b) if such Shares are tendered for the account
of a firm which is a bank, broker,  dealer, credit union, savings association or
other entity which is a member in good standing in the Security  Transfer Agents
Medallion  Program,  the New York Stock Exchange Medallion  Signature  Guarantee
Program  or  the  Stock  Exchange   Medallion   Program   (each,   an  "Eligible
Institution").  In all other cases, all signatures on this Letter of Transmittal
must be guaranteed by an Eligible  Institution.  See Instruction 5. If the Share
certificates  are  registered  in the name of a person  other than the signer of
this Letter of Transmittal or if payment is to be made or Share certificates not
tendered or not  accepted  for payment are to be returned to a person other than
the  registered  holder of the Share  certificates  tendered,  then the tendered
Share  certificates  must be  endorsed or  accompanied  by duly  executed  stock
powers,  in either  case signed  exactly as the name or names of the  registered
owner or owners  appear on the Share  certificates,  with the  signatures on the
Share  certificates  or stock powers  guaranteed by an Eligible  Institution  as
provided in this Letter of Transmittal. See Instruction 5.

     2. REQUIREMENTS OF TENDER. This Letter of Transmittal is to be completed by
stockholders  of the Company  either if Share  certificates  are to be forwarded
herewith  or,  unless an Agent's  Message (as  defined  below) is  utilized,  if
delivery  of  Shares  is to be made  pursuant  to the  procedure  for  tender by
book-entry  transfer set forth in Section 3 of the Offer to  Purchase.  In order
for Shares to be validly  tendered  pursuant  to the Offer,  (a) this  Letter of
Transmittal,  properly  completed and duly executed,  together with any required
signature  guarantees,  or an Agent's  Message in  connection  with a book-entry
delivery  of  Shares,  and  any  other  documents  required  by this  Letter  of
Transmittal must be received by the Depositary at one of its addresses specified
on the back cover of the Offer to  Purchase on or prior to the  Expiration  Date
and either Share certificates  representing  tendered Shares must be received by
the  Depositary,  or such Shares must be tendered  pursuant to the procedure for
book-entry  transfer  described herein and in Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase
and a Book-Entry  Confirmation must be received by the Depositary,  in each case
on or prior to the Expiration  Date, or (b) the guaranteed  delivery  procedures
described  herein and in  Section 3 of the Offer to  Purchase  must be  complied
with.

     If a stockholder  desires to tender  Shares  pursuant to the Offer and such
stockholder's Share certificates are not immediately  available or time will not
permit  all  required  documents  to  reach  the  Depositary  on or prior to the
Expiration  Date, or the procedures for book-entry  transfer cannot be completed
on a timely  basis,  such  Shares may  nevertheless  be  tendered  if all of the
guaranteed delivery procedures described herein and in Section 3 of the Offer to
Purchase  are  duly  complied  with.   Pursuant  to  such  guaranteed   delivery
procedures:  (a) such tender must be made by or through an Eligible Institution;
(b) a  properly  completed  and duly  executed  Notice of  Guaranteed  Delivery,
substantially  in the form made available by the Purchaser,  must be received by
the  Depositary  on  or  prior  to  the  Expiration  Date;  and  (c)  the  Share
certificates (or a Book-Entry Confirmation)  representing all tendered Shares in
proper  form  for  transfer,   in  each  case,  together  with  this  Letter  of
Transmittal,  properly completed and duly executed,  with any required signature
guarantees (or, in the case of a book-entry  delivery,  an Agent's  Message) and
any other documents required by this Letter of Transmittal,  must be received by
the Depositary  within three New York Stock Exchange trading days after the date
of execution of such Notice of Guaranteed  Delivery.  If Share  certificates are
forwarded  separately  in  multiple  deliveries  to the  Depositary,  a properly
completed and duly  executed  Letter of  Transmittal  must  accompany  each such
delivery.

     The term "AGENT'S  MESSAGE" means a message,  transmitted by the Book-Entry
Transfer  Facility to, and received by, the Depositary and forming a part of the
Book-Entry Confirmation,  which states that the Book-Entry Transfer Facility has
received  an express  acknowledgment  from the  participant  in such  Book-Entry
Transfer  Facility  tendering the Shares which are the subject of the Book-Entry
Confirmation,  that such  participant has received and agrees to be bound by the
terms of the Letter of  Transmittal  and that the  Purchaser  may  enforce  such
agreement against the participant.

     The  signatures  on this Letter of  Transmittal  cover the Shares  tendered
hereby.

                                       7



     THE METHOD OF  DELIVERY  OF THIS LETTER OF  TRANSMITTAL,  THE  CERTIFICATES
REPRESENTING  THE SHARES AND ALL OTHER REQUIRED  DOCUMENTS,  INCLUDING  DELIVERY
THROUGH THE BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER FACILITY,  IS AT THE OPTION AND SOLE RISK OF THE
TENDERING  STOCKHOLDER,  AND  DELIVERY  WILL BE DEEMED  MADE ONLY WHEN  ACTUALLY
RECEIVED BY THE DEPOSITARY  (INCLUDING,  IN THE CASE OF BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER,  BY
BOOK-ENTRY  CONFIRMATION).  IF DELIVERY IS BY MAIL,  REGISTERED MAIL WITH RETURN
RECEIPT REQUESTED,  PROPERLY INSURED, IS RECOMMENDED.  IN ALL CASES,  SUFFICIENT
TIME SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO ENSURE TIMELY DELIVERY.

     No alternative,  conditional or contingent  tenders will be accepted and no
fractional Shares will be purchased. All tendering shareholders, by execution of
this  Letter  of  Transmittal,  waive  any right to  receive  any  notice of the
acceptance of their Shares for payment.

     3. INADEQUATE SPACE. If the space provided herein is inadequate, the number
of Shares tendered and the Share certificate numbers with respect to such Shares
and any  other  required  information  should be  listed  on a  separate  signed
schedule  attached hereto and separately signed on each page thereof in the same
manner as this Letter of Transmittal is signed.

     4. PARTIAL TENDERS (NOT APPLICABLE TO STOCKHOLDERS WHO TENDER BY BOOK-ENTRY
TRANSFER).  If fewer  than all the  Shares  evidenced  by any Share  certificate
delivered to the  Depositary  are to be  tendered,  fill in the number of Shares
that are to be tendered in the box entitled "Number of Shares Tendered." In such
case, new  certificate(s) for the remainder of the Shares that were evidenced by
your old Share  certificate(s) will be sent to you, unless otherwise provided in
the  appropriate  box marked  "Special  Payment  Instructions"  and/or  "Special
Delivery  Instructions"  on this Letter of  Transmittal,  as soon as practicable
after the Expiration Date. All Shares  represented by certificates  delivered to
the Depositary will be deemed to have been tendered unless otherwise indicated.

     5. SIGNATURES ON LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL;  STOCK POWERS AND ENDORSEMENTS.  If
this Letter of Transmittal  is signed by the registered  holder(s) of the Shares
tendered hereby, the signature(s) must correspond with the name(s) as written on
the face of the  certificate(s)  without  alteration,  enlargement or any change
whatsoever.

     If any of the  Shares  tendered  hereby  are held of  record by two or more
joint owners, all such owners must sign this Letter of Transmittal.

     If any of the tendered  Shares are registered in different names on several
Share  certificates,  it will be necessary to complete,  sign and submit as many
separate  Letters of Transmittal as there are different  registrations  of Share
certificates.

     If this Letter of  Transmittal  or any Share  certificate or stock power is
signed  by  a  trustee,  executor,  administrator,  guardian,  attorney-in-fact,
officer of a corporation or other person acting in a fiduciary or representative
capacity,  such person  should so indicate  when  signing,  and proper  evidence
satisfactory  to  Purchaser  of the  authority  of such person so to act must be
submitted.

     If this Letter of Transmittal is signed by the registered  holder(s) of the
Shares listed and transmitted  hereby, no endorsements of Share  certificates or
separate  stock  powers are  required  unless  payment is to be made to or Share
certificates  for Shares not tendered or not  purchased  are to be issued in the
name of a person other than the  registered  holder(s).  Signatures  on any such
Share   certificates   or  stock  powers  must  be  guaranteed  by  an  Eligible
Institution.

     If this  Letter  of  Transmittal  is  signed  by a  person  other  than the
registered  holder(s)  of  the  Shares  evidenced  by  certificates  listed  and
transmitted  hereby,  the Share  certificates must be endorsed or accompanied by
appropriate  stock powers,  in either case signed  exactly as the name(s) of the
registered  holder(s) appear(s) on the Share  certificates.  Signature(s) on any
such Share  certificates  or stock  powers  must be  guaranteed  by an  Eligible
Institution.

     6. STOCK TRANSFER TAXES.  Except as otherwise  provided in this Instruction
6,  Purchaser  will pay all stock  transfer  taxes  applicable  to  payment  for
tendered  Shares.  If,  however,  payment  of the  purchase  price of any Shares
tendered is to be made to, or if Share  certificates  for Shares not tendered or
accepted for payment are to be  registered in the name of, any person other than
the registered  holder(s),  or if tendered Share  certificates are registered in
the  name of any  person  other  than  the  person(s)  signing  this  Letter  of
Transmittal,  the amount of any stock  transfer  taxes  (whether  imposed on the
registered holder(s) or such other person) payable on account of the transfer to
such other person will be deducted from the purchase  price unless  satisfactory
evidence of the payment of such taxes, or an exemption  therefrom,  is submitted
to Purchaser.

     EXCEPT AS  PROVIDED IN THIS  INSTRUCTION  6, IT WILL NOT BE  NECESSARY  FOR
TRANSFER  TAX STAMPS TO BE AFFIXED  TO THE SHARE  CERTIFICATE(S)  LISTED IN THIS
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.

                                       8




     7. SPECIAL PAYMENT AND DELIVERY  INSTRUCTIONS.  If a check for the purchase
price of any Shares is to be issued in the name of,  and/or  Share  certificates
for Shares not tendered or not accepted for payment are to be issued in the name
of  and/or  returned  to, a person  other  than the  signer  of this  Letter  of
Transmittal,  or if a check is to be sent, and/or such Share certificates are to
be returned to, a person other than the signer of this Letter of Transmittal, or
to an address other than that shown above, the appropriate  boxes on this Letter
of  Transmittal  must be  completed.  Book-Entry  Stockholders  may request that
Shares not purchased be credited to such account  maintained  at the  Book-Entry
Transfer  Facility as such Book-Entry  Stockholder may designate  herein.  If no
such  instructions  are given,  such  Shares not  purchased  will be returned by
crediting the account at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility designated above.

     8. REQUESTS FOR ASSISTANCE OR ADDITIONAL COPIES. Questions and requests for
assistance  may be  directed to the  Information  Agent at its address set forth
below.  Requests for additional copies of the Offer to Purchase,  this Letter of
Transmittal  and the  Notice  of  Guaranteed  Delivery  may be  directed  to the
Information Agent or to brokers,  dealers,  commercial banks or trust companies.
Such materials will be furnished at Purchaser's expense.

     9.  WAIVER OF  CONDITIONS.  The  conditions  of the Offer  (other  than the
Minimum  Condition,  as  defined  in the  Offer to  Purchase)  may be  waived by
Purchaser (subject to certain limitations in the Merger Agreement),  in whole or
in part, from time to time, in Purchaser's sole discretion.

     10. BACKUP  WITHHOLDING.  Under the federal income tax laws, the Depositary
will be  required  to  withhold  on any  payments  made to certain  stockholders
pursuant to the Offer at a rate equal to the fourth lowest  ordinary  income tax
rate  applicable  to  unmarried  individuals  (currently  at a  rate  of  30.5%,
effective  until  December  31,  2001).  To prevent  backup  federal  income tax
withholding  on  payments  made to  certain  stockholders  with  respect  to the
purchase price of Shares purchased  pursuant to the Offer, each such stockholder
must  provide the  Depositary  with his or her correct  taxpayer  identification
number ("TIN") on the Substitute  Form W-9 included in the Letter of Transmittal
and certify,  under  penalty of perjury,  that such TIN is correct and that such
stockholder is not subject to backup federal income tax withholding.

     Backup  withholding is not an additional income tax. Rather,  the amount of
the backup  withholding can be credited against the federal income tax liability
of the person  subject to the backup  withholding,  provided  that the  required
information is given to the IRS. If backup withholding results in an overpayment
of tax, a refund can be  obtained by the  stockholder  upon filing an income tax
return.

     The  stockholder is required to give the  Depositary the TIN (i.e.,  social
security  number or employer  identification  number) of the record owner of the
Shares.  If the  Shares are held in more than one name or are not in the name of
the actual owner, consult the enclosed "Guidelines for Certification of Taxpayer
Identification  Number on Substitute Form W-9" for additional  guidance on which
number to report.

     The tendering stockholder may write "Applied For" in the space provided for
the TIN in Part 1 of the Substitute  Form W-9 if the tendering  stockholder  has
not been issued a TIN and has applied for a TIN or intends to apply for a TIN in
the near future. If "Applied For" is written in Part 1, the stockholder or other
payee must also complete the  Certificate  of Awaiting  Taxpayer  Identification
Number below in order to avoid backup withholding. Notwithstanding that "Applied
For"  is  written  in  Part  1  and  the   Certificate   of  Awaiting   Taxpayer
Identification Number is completed, the Depositary will withhold on all payments
made prior to the time a properly  certified TIN is provided to the  Depositary.
However,  such amounts will be refunded to such stockholder if a TIN is provided
to the Depositary within 60 days.

     Certain  stockholders  (including,  among others,  corporations and certain
foreign  individuals  and  entities)  are not  subject  to  backup  withholding.
Noncorporate  foreign  stockholders  should complete and sign the main signature
form and a Form  W-8,  Certificate  of  Foreign  Status,  a copy of which may be
obtained  from the  Depositary,  in order to avoid backup  withholding.  See the
enclosed  "Guidelines for  Certification  of Taxpayer  Identification  Number on
Substitute Form W-9" for more instructions.

     11.  LOST,  DESTROYED  OR  STOLEN   CERTIFICATES.   If  any  certificate(s)
representing  Shares has (have) been lost,  destroyed or stolen, the stockholder
should  promptly  notify the  transfer  agent by  checking  the box  immediately
preceding the special  payment/special  delivery instructions and indicating the
number of Shares lost. The  stockholder  will then be instructed as to the steps
that  must be taken in order to  replace  the  certificate(s).  This  Letter  of
Transmittal and related  documents  cannot be processed until the procedures for
replacing  lost or  destroyed  certificates  have  been  followed.  To  expedite
replacement,  call EquiServe  Trust Company,  N.A., the transfer agent, at (877)
282-1168.


                                       9




     IMPORTANT:  THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL TOGETHER WITH ANY REQUIRED SIGNATURE
GUARANTEES,  OR, IN THE CASE OF A BOOK-ENTRY  TRANSFER,  AN AGENT'S MESSAGE, AND
ANY OTHER REQUIRED  DOCUMENTS,  MUST BE RECEIVED BY THE DEPOSITARY  PRIOR TO THE
EXPIRATION DATE AND EITHER  CERTIFICATES FOR TENDERED SHARES MUST BE RECEIVED BY
THE  DEPOSITARY  OR SHARES  MUST BE  DELIVERED  PURSUANT TO THE  PROCEDURES  FOR
BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER, IN EACH CASE PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION DATE, OR THE TENDERING
STOCKHOLDER MUST COMPLY WITH THE PROCEDURES FOR GUARANTEED DELIVERY.

                                       10




                            IMPORTANT TAX INFORMATION

     Under the federal income tax laws, a stockholder  whose tendered Shares are
accepted for payment is generally  required to provide the Depositary (as payer)
with such  stockholder's  correct  TIN on  Substitute  Form W-9  below.  If such
stockholder is an individual, the TIN is his or her social security number. If a
tendering  stockholder is subject to backup  withholding,  such stockholder must
cross out item (2) of Part 2 (the Certification box) on the Substitute Form W-9.
If the Depositary is not provided with the correct TIN, the  stockholder  may be
subject to a $50 penalty imposed by the Internal Revenue  Service.  In addition,
payments  that are made to such  stockholder  with  respect to Shares  purchased
pursuant to the Offer may be subject to backup withholding.

     Certain stockholders (including,  among others,  corporations,  and certain
foreign  individuals  and entities) are not subject to these backup  withholding
and reporting  requirements.  In order for a noncorporate foreign stockholder to
qualify as an exempt recipient, that stockholder must submit a statement, signed
under penalties of perjury,  attesting to that individual's  exempt status. Such
statements can be obtained from the Depositary. Exempt stockholders,  other than
noncorporate foreign  stockholders,  should furnish their TIN, write "Exempt" on
the face of the  Substitute  Form W-9, and sign,  date and return the Substitute
Form W-9 to the Depositary.  See the enclosed  "Guidelines for  Certification of
Taxpayer   Identification   Number  on  Substitute   Form  W-9"  for  additional
instructions.

     If backup  withholding  applies,  the Depositary is required to withhold on
any  payments  made to the  stockholder  at a rate  equal to the  fourth  lowest
ordinary  income tax rate  applicable to unmarried  individuals  (currently at a
rate of 30.5%,  effective until December 31, 2001). Backup withholding is not an
additional  income  tax.  Rather,  the amount of the backup  withholding  can be
credited  against the federal  income tax liability of the person subject to the
backup withholding,  provided that the required information is given to the IRS.
If backup withholding results in an overpayment of tax, a refund can be obtained
by the stockholder upon filing an income tax return.

PURPOSE OF SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

     To prevent  backup  withholding  of federal  income tax on payments made to
certain stockholders with respect to Shares purchased pursuant to the Offer, the
stockholder is required to notify the Depositary of such  stockholder's  correct
TIN by completing the form contained herein  certifying that the TIN provided on
Substitute Form W-9 is correct (or that such stockholder is awaiting a TIN).

WHAT NUMBER TO GIVE THE DEPOSITARY

     The  stockholder  is required to give the  Depositary  the social  security
number or employer  identification  number of the record owner of the Shares. If
the Shares are in more than one name or are not in the name of the actual owner,
consult the enclosed  "Guidelines for  Certification of Taxpayer  Identification
Number  on  Substitute  Form W-9" for  additional  guidance  on which  number to
report.  If the tendering  stockholder has not been issued a TIN and has applied
for a  number  or  intends  to  apply  for a number  in the  near  future,  such
stockholder  should write  "Applied For" in the space provided for in the TIN in
Part 1, and sign and date the  Substitute  Form W-9. If "Applied For" is written
in Part 1, the  stockholder or other payee must also complete the Certificate of
Awaiting  Taxpayer   Identification  Number  below  in  order  to  avoid  backup
withholding.  Notwithstanding  that  "Applied  For" is written in Part 1 and the
Certificate  of  Awaiting  Taxpayer  Identification  Number  is  completed,  the
Depositary  will  withhold  on all  payments  made  prior to the time a properly
certified  TIN is  provided  to the  Depositary.  However,  such  amount will be
refunded to such  stockholder if a TIN is provided to the  Depositary  within 60
days.


                                       11




       TO BE COMPLETED BY ALL TENDERING STOCKHOLDERS (SEE INSTRUCTION 10):

           PAYER'S NAME: EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A., AS DEPOSITARY


SUBSTITUTE

FORM W-9
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE


PAYER'S REQUEST FOR
TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (TIN)

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PART 1--PLEASE PROVIDE YOUR TIN IN THE BOX AT RIGHT AND CERTIFY BY SIGNING AND
DATING BELOW NAME:______________________________

ADDRESS:________________________________________

CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX:

INDIVIDUAL  [  ]    CORPORATION            [  ]

PARTNERSHIP [  ]    OTHER (SPECIFY BELOW)  [  ]

_______________________________________________

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------


- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER
                             (IF AWAITING TIN WRITE
                                 "APPLIED FOR")
                                       OR
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
                             (IF AWAITING TIN WRITE
                                 "APPLIED FOR")

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PART 2--CERTIFICATE--Under penalties of perjury, I certify that:

(1)  The number shown on this form is my correct Taxpayer  Identification Number
     (or I am waiting for a number to be issued for me), and

(2)  I am not subject to backup withholding because: (a) I am exempt from backup
     withholding,  (b) I have not been notified by the Internal  Revenue Service
     (the  "IRS")  that I am  subject  to  backup  withholding  as a result of a
     failure to report all  interest or dividends or (c) the IRS has notified me
     that I am no longer subject to backup withholding.

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CERTIFICATION INSTRUCTIONS--You must cross out item (2) above if you have been
notified by the IRS that you are currently subject to backup withholding because
of under-reporting interest or dividends on your tax returns. However, if after
being notified by the IRS that you are subject to backup withholding, you
receive another notification from the IRS that you are no longer subject to
backup withholding, do not cross out such item (2). (Also see instructions in
the enclosed Guidelines).

SIGNATURE ____________________________  DATE ___________________________ , 2001

NOTE:    FAILURE  TO  COMPLETE  AND  RETURN  THIS  FORM MAY  RESULT  IN  BACKUP
         WITHHOLDING ON ANY PAYMENTS MADE TO YOU PURSUANT TO THE OFFER.  PLEASE
         REVIEW  THE  ENCLOSED   GUIDELINES  FOR   CERTIFICATION   OF  TAXPAYER
         IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 FOR ADDITIONAL DETAILS.

         YOU MUST COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CERTIFICATE IF YOU WROTE "APPLIED FOR"
         IN PART 1 OF THE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

             CERTIFICATE OF AWAITING TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

     I certify under penalties of perjury that a Taxpayer  Identification Number
has not been  issued  to me,  and  either  (1) I have  mailed  or  delivered  an
application  to  receive a  Taxpayer  Identification  Number to the  appropriate
Internal Revenue Service Center or Social Security  Administration Office or (2)
I intend to mail or deliver an application in the near future. I understand that
if I do not  provide a Taxpayer  Identification  Number by the time of  payment,
backup  withholding  will be  withheld  on all  reportable  payments  made to me
thereafter,  but  that  such  amounts  will be  refunded  to me if I  provide  a
certified Taxpayer Identification Number within sixty (60) days.

SIGNATURE___________________________   DATE ____________________________, 2001

- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                       12





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     This Letter of Transmittal, certificates for Shares and any other required
documents should be sent or delivered by each stockholder of the Company or his
broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee to the
Depositary at one of its addresses set forth below:




                        THE DEPOSITARY FOR THE OFFER IS:
                          EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.


                                                                

           BY MAIL:                            BY HAND:                   BY OVERNIGHT DELIVERY:

 EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.           SECURITIES TRANSFER &         EQUISERVE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.
        P.O. Box 43025                 REPORTING SERVICES, INC.           ATTN: CORPORATE ACTIONS
   Providence, RI 02940-3025       C/O EQUISERVE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP        40 Campanelli Drive
                                     100 Williams Street Galleria           Braintree, MA 02184
                                          New York, NY 10038




     You may direct  questions and requests for  assistance  to the  Information
Agent  at the  address  and  telephone  number  listed  below.  You  may  obtain
additional  copies of this Offer to  Purchase,  the Letter of  Transmittal,  the
Notice  of  Guaranteed  Delivery  and  other  tender  offer  materials  from the
Information Agent as set forth below and they will be furnished  promptly at our
expense.  You may also contact  your  broker,  dealer,  commercial  bank,  trust
company or other nominee for assistance concerning the Offer.

                     THE INFORMATION AGENT FOR THE OFFER IS:

                              D.F. KING & CO., INC.

                                 77 Water Street
                               New York, NY 10005
                         Call Toll Free: (800) 207-3156