EXHIBIT 3.2
APPENDIX C
BYLAWS
OF
CELSION (DELAWARE) CORPORATION
ARTICLE I
CORPORATE OFFICES
1.1 REGISTERED OFFICE. The registered office of the corporation shall be
fixed in the Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation.
1.2 OTHER OFFICES. The board of directors may at any time establish the
principal office and any branch or subordinate offices of the corporation at any
place or places deemed advisable.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
2.1 PLACE OF MEETINGS. Meetings of stockholders shall be held at any place
within or outside the State of Delaware designated by the board of directors.
2.2 ANNUAL MEETING.
(a) The annual meeting of stockholders shall be held each year on a date and
at a time designated by the board of directors. At the meeting, directors shall
be elected, and any other proper business may be transacted.
(b) At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be
conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly
brought before an annual meeting, business must be: (A) specified in the notice
of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the board
of directors, (B) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the
direction of the board of directors, or (C) otherwise properly brought before
the meeting by a stockholder. For business to be properly brought before an
annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice
thereof in writing to the secretary of the corporation. To be timely, a
stockholder's notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the
principal executive offices of the corporation not less than one hundred twenty
(120) calendar days in advance of the date specified in the corporation's proxy
statement released to stockholders in connection with the previous year's annual
meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that no annual
meeting was held in the previous year or the date of the annual meeting has been
changed by more than thirty (30) days from the date contemplated at the time of
the previous year's proxy statement, notice by the stockholder to be timely must
be so received not later than the close of business on the later of one hundred
twenty (120) calendar days in advance of such annual meeting or ten (10)
calendar days following the date on which public announcement of the date of the
meeting is first made. A stockholder's notice to the secretary shall set forth
as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting:
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(i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual
meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (ii)
the name and address, as they appear on the corporation's books, of the
stockholder proposing such business, (iii) the class and number of shares of the
corporation which are beneficially owned by the stockholder, (iv) any material
interest of the stockholder in such business, and (v) any other information that
is required to be provided by the stockholder pursuant to Regulation 14A under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "1934 Act"), in his
capacity as a proponent to a stockholder proposal. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, in order to include information with respect to a stockholder
proposal in the proxy statement and form of proxy for a stockholder's meeting,
stockholders must provide notice as required by the regulations promulgated
under the 1934 Act. Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no
business shall be conducted at any annual meeting except in accordance with the
procedures set forth in this paragraph (b), the chairman of the annual meeting
shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the meeting that business
was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of
this paragraph (b), and, if he should so determine, he shall declare at the
meeting that any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not
be transacted. (c) Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the
procedures set forth in this paragraph (c) shall be eligible for election as
directors. Nominations of persons for election to the board of directors of the
corporation may be made at a meeting of stockholders by or at the direction of
the board of directors or by any stockholder of the corporation entitled to vote
in the election of directors at the meeting who complies with the notice
procedures set forth in this paragraph (c). Such nominations, other than those
made by or at the direction of the board of directors, shall be made pursuant to
timely notice in writing to the secretary of the corporation in accordance with
the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Section 2.2. Such stockholder's notice
shall set forth (i) as to each person, if any, whom the stockholder proposes to
nominate for election or re-election as a director: (A) the name, age, business
address and residence address of such person, (B) the principal occupation or
employment of such person, (C) the class and number of shares of the corporation
which are beneficially owned by such person, (D) a description of all
arrangements or understandings between the stockholder and each nominee and any
other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the
nominations are to be made by the stockholder, and (E) any other information
relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of
proxies for elections of directors, or is otherwise required, in each case
pursuant to Regulation 14A under the 1934 Act (including, without limitation,
such person's written consent to being named in the proxy statement, if any, as
a nominee and to serving as a director if elected); and (ii) as to such
stockholder giving notice, the information required to be provided pursuant to
paragraph (b) of this Section 2.2. At the request of the board of directors, any
person nominated by a stockholder for election as a director shall furnish to
the secretary of the corporation that information required to be set forth in
the stockholder's notice of nomination which pertains to the nominee. No person
shall be eligible for election as a director of the corporation unless nominated
in accordance with the procedures set forth in this paragraph (c). The chairman
of the meeting shall, if the facts warrants, determine and declare at the
meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the procedures
prescribed by these Bylaws, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare
at the meeting, and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.
2.3 SPECIAL MEETING. A special meeting of the stockholders may be called at
any time by the board of directors, the president or the chairman, but such
special meeting may not be called by any other person or persons. Only such
business shall be considered at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have
been stated in the notice for such meeting.
2.4 ORGANIZATION. Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the
president, the chairman or, in his or her absence, by a chairman designated by
the board of directors, or in the absence of such designation, by a chairman
chosen at the meeting by the vote of a majority in interest of the stockholders
present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereat. The
secretary, or in his or her absence an assistant secretary, or in the absence of
the secretary and any assistant secretary, a person whom the chairman of the
meeting shall appoint, shall act as secretary of the meeting and keep a record
of the proceedings thereof.
The board of directors of the corporation shall be entitled to make such
rules or regulations for the conduct of meetings of stockholders as it shall
deem necessary, appropriate or convenient. Subject to such rules and regulations
of the board of directors, if any, the chairman of the meeting shall have the
right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to
do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chairman, are necessary,
appropriate or convenient for the proper conduct of the meeting, including,
without limitation, establishing an agenda or order of business, limitations on
the time allotted to questions or comments by participants and regulation of the
opening and closing of the polls for balloting. Unless determined by the board
of directors or the chairman of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not
be required to be held in accordance with rules of parliamentary procedure.
2.5 NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS' MEETINGS. All notices of meetings of
stockholders shall be sent or otherwise given in accordance with Section 2.6 of
these Bylaws not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the
date of the meeting. The notice shall specify the place, date, and hour of the
meeting and (i) in the case of a special meeting, the general nature of the
business to be transacted or (ii) in the case of the annual meeting, those
matters which the board of directors, at the time of giving the notice, intends
to present for action by the stockholders (but any proper matter may be
presented at the meeting for such action). The notice of any meeting at which
directors are to be elected shall include the name of any nominee or nominees
who, at the time of the notice, the board intends to present for election.
2.6 MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE. Notice of any meeting of
stockholders shall be given either personally or by mail, telecopy, telegram or
other electronic or wireless means. Notices not personally delivered shall be
sent charges prepaid and shall be addressed to the stockholder at the address of
that stockholder appearing on the books of the corporation or given by the
stockholder to the corporation for the purpose of notice. Notice shall be deemed
to have been given at the time when delivered personally or deposited in the
mail or sent by telecopy, telegram or other electronic or wireless means.
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An affidavit of the mailing or other means of giving any notice of any
stockholders' meeting, executed by the secretary, assistant secretary or any
transfer agent of the corporation giving the notice, shall be prima facie
evidence of the giving of such notice or report.
2.7 QUORUM. The holders of a majority in voting power of the stock issued
and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented
by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the
transaction of business except as otherwise provided by statute or by the
Certificate of Incorporation. If, however, such quorum is not present or
represented at any meeting of the stockholders, then either (i) the chairman of
the meeting or (ii) the stockholders by the vote of the holders of a majority of
the stock, present in person or represented by proxy shall have power to adjourn
the meeting.
When a quorum is present at any meeting, the vote of the holders of a
majority of the stock having voting power present in person or represented by
proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting, unless the question
is one upon which, by express provision of the laws of the State of Delaware or
of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a vote of a greater number
or voting by classes is required, in which case such express provision shall
govern and control the decision of the question.
If a quorum be initially present, the stockholders may continue to transact
business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough
stockholders to leave less than a quorum, if any action taken is approved by a
majority of the stockholders initially constituting the quorum.
2.8 ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE. Any stockholders' meeting, annual or special,
whether or not a quorum is present, may be adjourned from time to time by the
vote of the majority of the voting power of the shares represented at that
meeting, either in person or by proxy. In the absence of a quorum, no other
business may be transacted at that meeting except as provided in Section 2.7 of
these Bylaws.
When any meeting of stockholders, either annual or special, is adjourned to
another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the
time and place are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken.
However, if a new record date for the adjourned meeting is fixed or if the
adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days from the date set for the original
meeting, then notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given. Notice of any such
adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote
at the adjourned meeting in accordance with the provisions of Sections 2.5 and
2.6 of these Bylaws. At any adjourned meeting the corporation may transact any
business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.
2.9 VOTING. The stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders
shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.12 of these
Bylaws, subject to applicable provisions of the General Corporation Law of
Delaware.
Except as may be otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, by
instruments setting forth the voting rights of specific classes or series of
stocks, by these Bylaws or by applicable law, each stockholder shall be entitled
to one vote for each share of capital stock held by such stockholder.
Any stockholder entitled to vote on any matter may vote part of the shares
in favor of the proposal and refrain from voting the remaining shares or, except
when the matter is the election of directors, may vote them against the
proposal; but if the stockholder fails to specify the number of shares which the
stockholder is voting affirmatively, it will be conclusively presumed that the
stockholder's approving vote is with respect to all shares which the stockholder
is entitled to vote.
2.10 VALIDATION OF MEETINGS; WAIVER OF NOTICE; CONSENT. The transactions of
any meeting of stockholders, either annual or special, however called and
noticed, and wherever held, shall be as valid as though they had been taken at a
meeting duly held after regular call and notice, if a quorum be present either
in person or by proxy.
Attendance by a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of
and presence at that meeting, except when the person objects at the beginning of
the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not
lawfully called or convened.
2.11 ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT. Subject to the rights of the holders of the
shares of any series of Preferred Stock or any other class of stock or series
thereof having a preference over the Common Stock as dividend or upon
liquidation, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of
the corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of
stockholders of the corporation and may not be effected by any consent in
writing by such stockholders.
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2.12 RECORD DATE FOR STOCKHOLDER NOTICE; VOTING; GIVING CONSENTS. For
purposes of determining the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting or to
vote thereat, the board of directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which
shall not be more than sixty (60) days nor less than ten (10) days before the
date of any such meeting, and in such event only stockholders of record on the
date so fixed are entitled to notice and to vote, notwithstanding any transfer
of any shares on the books of the corporation after the record date, except as
otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, by these Bylaws, by
agreement or by applicable law.
If the board of directors does not so fix a record date, the record date for
determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of
stockholders shall be at the close of business on the business day next
preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the
close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which the
meeting is held.
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote
at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting
unless the board of directors fixes a new record date for the adjourned meeting,
but the board of directors shall fix a new record date if the meeting is
adjourned for more than thirty (30) days from the date set for the original
meeting.
The record date for any other purpose shall be as provided in Section 8.1 of
these Bylaws.
2.13 PROXIES. Every person entitled to vote for directors, or on any other
matter, shall have the right to do so either in person or by one or more agents
authorized by a written proxy, which may be in the form of a telegram,
cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission, signed by the person and
filed with the secretary of the corporation, but no such proxy shall be voted or
acted upon after three (3) years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a
longer period. A proxy shall be deemed signed if the stockholder's name is
placed on the proxy (whether by manual signature, typewriting, telegraphic
transmission or otherwise) by the stockholder or the stockholder's
attorney-in-fact. A duly executed proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that
it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest
sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power. A stockholder may revoke any
proxy which is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or
by filing an instrument in writing revoking the proxy or by filing another duly
executed proxy bearing a later date with the secretary of the corporation.
A proxy is not revoked by the death or incapacity of the maker unless,
before the vote is counted, written notice of such death or incapacity is
received by the corporation.
2.14 INSPECTORS OF ELECTION. Before any meeting of stockholders, the board
of directors shall appoint an inspector or inspectors of election to act at the
meeting or its adjournment and to determine such matters as quorum, validity of
proxies and ballots, voting eligibility, and the tabulation of votes. The number
of inspectors shall be either one (1) or three (3). If any person appointed as
inspector fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, then the chairman of the
meeting may, and upon the request of any stockholder or a stockholder's proxy
shall, appoint a person to fill that vacancy.
The inspectors of election shall perform their duties impartially, in good
faith, to the best of their ability and as expeditiously as is practical. If
there are three (3) inspectors of election, the decision, act or certificate of
a majority is effective in all respects as the decision, act or certificate of
all. Any report or certificate made by the inspectors of election is prima facie
evidence of the facts stated therein.
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
3.1 POWERS. Subject to the provisions of the General Corporation Law of
Delaware and to any limitations in the Certificate of Incorporation or these
Bylaws relating to action required to be approved by the stockholders or by the
outstanding shares, the business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed
and all corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the
board of directors.
3.2 NUMBER AND TERM OF OFFICE. The authorized number of directors shall be
not less than three (3) nor more than nine (9). Within such limits, the number
of directors shall be initially fixed at seven (7), which number may be changed
by resolution of the board of directors. An indefinite number of directors may
be fixed, or the definite number of directors may be changed, by a duly adopted
amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation or by an amendment to this bylaw
duly adopted by the stockholders or the board of directors.
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No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of
removing any director before that director's term of office expires. If for any
cause, the directors shall not have been elected at an annual meeting, they may
be elected as soon thereafter as convenient at a special meeting of the
stockholders called for that purpose in the manner provided in these Bylaws.
3.3 ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS. Except as provided in Section
3.4 of these Bylaws, directors shall be elected at each annual meeting of
stockholders to hold office until the next annual meeting. Each director,
including a director elected or appointed to fill a vacancy, shall hold office
until the expiration of the term for which elected and until a successor has
been elected and qualified. Directors need not be stockholders unless so
required by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws.
3.4 RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES. Any director may resign on giving written
notice to the president, the chairman, the secretary or the board of directors,
unless the notice specifies a later time for that resignation to become
effective.
Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or by these
Bylaws, vacancies in the board of directors may be filled by a majority of the
remaining directors, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining
director. Each director so elected shall hold office until the next annual
meeting of the stockholders and until a successor has been elected and
qualified. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or
these Bylaws:
(i) Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any
increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a majority
of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole
remaining director.
(ii) Whenever the holders of any class or classes of stock or series
thereof are entitled to elect one or more directors by the provisions of the
Certificate of Incorporation, vacancies and newly created directorships of
such class or classes or series may be filled by a majority of the directors
elected by such class or classes or series thereof then in office, or by a
sole remaining director so elected.
If at any time, by reason of death or resignation or other cause, the
corporation should have no directors in office, then any officer or any
stockholder or an executor, administrator, trustee or guardian of a stockholder,
or other fiduciary entrusted with like responsibility for the person or estate
of a stockholder, may call a special meeting of stockholders in accordance with
the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, or may apply
to the Court of Chancery for a decree summarily ordering an election as provided
in Section 211 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware.
3.5 REMOVAL. Unless otherwise restricted by statute, by the Certificate of
Incorporation or by these Bylaws, any director or the entire board of directors
may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the
shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors.
3.6 PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE. Regular meetings of the board
of directors may be held at any place within or outside the State of Delaware
that has been designated from time to time by resolution of the board of
directors. In the absence of such a designation, regular meetings shall be held
at the principal executive office of the corporation. Special meetings of the
board of directors may be held at any place within or outside the State of
Delaware that has been designated in the notice of the meeting or, if not stated
in the notice or if there is no notice, at the principal executive office of the
corporation.
Any meeting, regular or special, may be held by conference telephone or
similar communication equipment, so long as all directors participating in the
meeting can hear one another; and all such directors shall be deemed to be
present in person at the meeting.
3.7 REGULAR MEETINGS. Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held
without notice if the times of such meetings are fixed by the board of
directors.
3.8 SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE. Special meetings of the board of directors for
any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the president, the
chairman, the secretary or by any two (2) or more of the directors.
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be delivered
personally or by telephone to each director or sent by mail, telecopy, telegram
or other electronic or wireless means, charges prepaid, addressed to each
director at that director's address as it is shown on the records of the
corporation or if the address is not readily ascertainable, notice shall be
addressed to the director at the city or place in which the meetings of
directors are regularly held. If the notice is mailed, it shall be deposited in
the United States mail at least three (3) days before the time of the holding of
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the meeting. If the notice is delivered personally or by telephone, telecopy,
telegram or other electronic or wireless means, it shall be delivered personally
or by telephone or other electronic or wireless means at least twenty-four (24)
hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice given
personally or by telephone may be communicated either to the director or to a
person at the office of the director who the person giving the notice has reason
to believe will promptly communicate it to the director. A notice of special
meeting need not state the purpose of such meeting, and, unless indicated in the
notice thereof, any and all business may be transacted at a special meeting.
3.9 QUORUM. A majority of the authorized number of directors shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, except to fill vacancies in
the board of directors as provided in Section 3.4 and to adjourn as provided in
Section 3.11 of these Bylaws. Every act or decision done or made by a majority
of the directors present at a duly held meeting at which a quorum is present
shall be regarded as the act of the board of directors, subject to the
provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law.
A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact
business notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action taken is
approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting.
3.10 WAIVER OF NOTICE. Notice of a meeting need not be given to any director
(i) who signs a waiver of notice or a consent to holding the meeting or an
approval of the minutes thereof, whether before or after the meeting, or (ii)
who attends the meeting without protesting, prior thereto or at its
commencement, the lack of notice to such directors. The transactions of any
meeting of the board, however called and noticed or wherever held, are as valid
as though had at a meeting duly held after regular call and notice if a quorum
is present and if, either before or after the meeting, each of the directors not
present signs a written waiver of notice. All such waivers shall be filed with
the corporate records or made part of the minutes of the meeting. A waiver of
notice need not specify the purpose of any regular or special meeting of the
board of directors.
3.11 ADJOURNMENT. A majority of the directors present, whether or not
constituting a quorum, may adjourn any meeting to another time and place.
3.12 NOTICE OF ADJOURNMENT. Notice of the time and place of holding an
adjourned meeting need not be given if announced unless the meeting is adjourned
for more than twenty-four (24) hours. If the meeting is adjourned for more than
twenty-four (24) hours, then notice of the time and place of the adjourned
meeting shall be given.
3.13 BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING. Any action required
or permitted to be taken by the board of directors may be taken without a
meeting, provided that all members of the board of directors individually or
collectively consent in writing to that action. Such action by written consent
shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote of the board of
directors. Such written consent and any counterparts thereof shall be filed with
the minutes of the proceedings of the board.
3.14 ORGANIZATION. Meetings of the board of directors shall be presided over
by the president, the chairman, or, in his or her absence, by a president pro
tem chosen by a majority of the directors present. The secretary shall act as
secretary of the meeting, but in his or her absence the chairman of the meeting
may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.
3.15 FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS. Directors and members of committees
may receive such compensation, if any, for their services and such reimbursement
of expenses as may be fixed or determined by resolution of the board of
directors. This Section 3.15 shall not be construed to preclude any director
from serving the corporation in any other capacity as an officer, agent,
employee or otherwise and receiving compensation for those services.
ARTICLE IV
COMMITTEES
4.1 COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS. The board of directors may designate one (1) or
more committees, each consisting of two or more directors, to serve at the
pleasure of the board of directors. The board of directors may designate one (1)
or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any
absent member at any meeting of the committee. The purposes and authority of any
committee shall be as provided in the resolution of the board, but no such
committee shall have power or authority by itself to (i) approve or adopt or
recommend to the stockholders any action or matter that requires the approval of
the stockholders or (ii) adopt, amend or repeal any Bylaw of the corporation.
4.2 MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES. To the extent feasible, meetings and
actions of committees shall be governed by, and held and taken in accordance
with, the provisions of Article III of these Bylaws, Section 3.6 (place of
meetings), Section 3.7 (regular meetings), Section 3.8 (special meetings and
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notice), Section 3.9 (quorum), Section 3.10 (waiver of notice), Section 3.11
(adjournment), Section 3.12 (notice of adjournment), and Section 3.13 (action
without meeting), with such changes in the context of those Bylaws as are
necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the board of directors
and its members, provided, however, that the board of directors may adopt rules
for the government of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of
these Bylaws.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
5.1 OFFICERS. The officers of this corporation shall consist of a president,
a chairman, a chief scientific officer, one or more vice presidents, a
secretary, a treasurer, and such other officers as may be determined from time
to time by the board of directors, all of whom shall be chosen in such manner
and hold their offices for such terms as the board of directors may prescribe.
Any two or more of such offices may be held by the same person. The board of
directors may designate one or more vice presidents as executive vice presidents
or senior vice presidents. The board of directors may from time to time
designate the president or any other officer as the chief operating officer of
the corporation.
5.2 TERMS OF OFFICE AND COMPENSATION. The term of office and salary of each
of said officers and the manner and time of the payment of such salaries shall
be fixed and determined by the board of directors and may be altered by said
board from time to time at its pleasure, subject to the rights, if any, of said
officers under any contract of employment.
5.3 REMOVAL; RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS AND VACANCIES. Any officer of the
corporation may be removed at the pleasure of the board of directors at any
meeting or by vote of stockholders entitled to exercise the majority of voting
power of the corporation at any meeting or at the pleasure of any officer who
may be granted such power by a resolution of the board of directors. Any officer
may resign at any time upon written notice to the corporation without prejudice
to the rights, if any, of the corporation under any contract to which the
officer is a party. If any vacancy occurs in any office of the corporation, the
board of directors may elect a successor to fill such vacancy for the remainder
of the unexpired term and until a successor is duly chosen and qualified.
5.4 PRESIDENT. The president shall be the chief executive officer of the
corporation and shall have general direction of the affairs of the corporation
and general supervision over its several officers, subject, however, to the
control of the board of the board of directors. The president shall at each
annual meeting and from time to time report to the stockholders and the board of
directors all matters within his knowledge which the interest of the corporation
may require to be brought to their notice, may sign with the treasurer or an
assistant treasurer, if any, or the secretary or an assistant secretary, if any,
any or all certificates of stock of the corporation. The president shall preside
at all meetings of the stockholders and at all meetings of the board of
directors, may sign and execute in the name of the corporation all contracts or
other instruments authorized by the board of directors, except in cases where
the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated or permitted by
the board of directors or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the
corporation, and in general shall perform such duties and, subject to the other
provisions of these Bylaws and to the control of the board of directors, have
such powers incident to the office of president and perform such other duties
and have such other powers as from time to time may be assigned to him by the
board of directors.
5.5 CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD. The chairman shall be a senior executive officer
of the corporation and shall exercise and perform such powers and duties as may
from time to time be assigned to him by the board of directors or as may be
prescribed by these Bylaws. The chairman shall report to the board of directors.
5.6 UNAVAILABILITY OF PRESIDENT. In case of the absence, disability or death
of the president, the chairman or, if he is not available, a vice president,
shall exercise all the powers and perform all the duties of the president. If
there is more than one elected vice president, the order in which the elected
vice presidents shall succeed to the powers and duties of the president shall be
as fixed by the board of directors.
5.7 SECRETARY. The powers and duties of the secretary are:
(a) To keep a book of minutes at the principal office of the
corporation, or such other place as the board of directors may order, of all
meetings of its directors and stockholders with the time and place of
holding, whether regular or special, and, if special, how authorized, the
notice thereof given, the names of those present at directors' meetings, the
number of shares present or represented at stockholders' meetings and the
proceedings thereof.
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(b) To keep the seal of the corporation and affix the same to all
instruments which may require it.
(c) To keep or cause to be kept at the principal office of the
corporation, or at the office of the transfer agent or agents, a share
register, or duplicate share registers, showing the names of the
stockholders and their addresses, the number of and classes of shares, and
the number and date of cancellation of every certificate surrendered for
cancellation.
(d) To keep a supply of certificates for shares of the corporation, to
fill in all certificates issued, and to make a proper record of each such
issuance; provided, that so long as the corporation shall have one or more
duly appointed and acting transfer agents of the shares, or any class or
series of shares, of the corporation, such duties with respect to such
shares shall be performed by such transfer agent or transfer agents.
(e) To transfer upon the share books of the corporation any and all
shares of the corporation; provided, that so long as the corporation shall
have one or more duly appointed and acting transfer agents of the shares, or
any class or series of shares, of the corporation, such duties with respect
to such shares shall be performed by such transfer agent or transfer agents,
and the method of transfer of each certificate shall be subject to the
reasonable regulations of the transfer agent to which the certificate is
presented for transfer, and also, if the corporation then has one or more
duly appointed and acting registrars, to the reasonable regulations of the
registrar to which the new certificate is presented for registration; and
provided, further that no certificate for shares of stock shall be issued or
delivered or, if issued or delivered, shall have any validity whatsoever
until and unless it has been signed or authenticated in the manner provided
in Section 8.5 hereof.
(f) To make service and publication of all notices that may be necessary
or proper, and without command or direction from anyone. In case of the
absence, disability, refusal, or neglect of the secretary to make service or
publication of any notices, then such notices may be served and/or published
by the president or a vice president, or by any person thereunto authorized
by either of them or by the board of directors or by the holders of a
majority of the outstanding shares of the corporation.
(g) Generally to do and perform all such duties as pertain to the office
of secretary and as may be required by the board of directors.
ARTICLE VI
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND OTHER AGENTS
6.1 INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS. The corporation shall, to the
maximum extent and in the manner permitted by the General Corporation Law of
Delaware, indemnify each of its directors and officers against expenses
(including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts
actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any proceeding, arising by
reason of the fact that such person is or was an agent of the corporation;
provided, however, that the corporation may modify the extent of such
indemnification by individual contracts with its directors and executive
officers and, provided, further, that the corporation shall not be required to
indemnify any director or officer in connection with any proceeding (or part
thereof) initiated by such person unless (i) such indemnification is expressly
required to be made by law, (ii) the proceeding was authorized in advance by the
board of directors of the corporation, (iii) such indemnification is provided by
the corporation, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the
corporation under the General Corporation Law of Delaware or (iv) such
indemnification is required to be made pursuant to an individual contract. For
purposes of this Section 6.1, a "director" or "officer" of the corporation
includes any person (i) who is or was a director or officer of the corporation,
(ii) who is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or
officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other
enterprise, or (iii) who was a director or officer of a corporation which was a
predecessor corporation of the corporation or of another enterprise at the
request of such predecessor corporation.
6.2 INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS. The corporation shall have the power, to the
maximum extent and in the manner permitted by the General Corporation Law of
Delaware, to indemnify each of its employees and agents (other than directors
and officers) against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines,
settlements and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in connection
with any proceeding, arising by reason of the fact that such person is or was an
agent of the corporation. For purposes of this Section 6.2, an "employee" or
"agent" of the corporation (other than a director or officer) includes any
person (i) who is or was an employee or agent of the corporation, (ii) who is or
was serving at the request of the corporation as an employee or agent of another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or (iii) who
was an employee or agent of a corporation which was a predecessor corporation of
the corporation or of another enterprise at the request of such predecessor
corporation.
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6.3 INSURANCE. The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf
of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the
corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him or
her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, or arising out of his or
her status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to
indemnify him or her against such liability under the provisions of the General
Corporation Law of Delaware.
6.4 EXPENSES. The corporation shall advance to any person who was or is a
party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or
completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative, by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or
officer of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the
corporation as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise, prior to the final disposition of the
proceeding, promptly following request therefor, all expenses incurred by any
director or officer in connection with such proceeding, upon receipt of an
undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay said amounts if it should be
determined ultimately that such person is not entitled to be indemnified under
this Bylaw or otherwise; provided, however, that the corporation shall not be
required to advance expenses to any director or officer in connection with any
proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless the proceeding was
authorized in advance by the board of directors of the corporation.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless otherwise determined pursuant to
Section 6.5, no advance shall be made by the corporation to an officer of the
corporation (except by reason of the fact that such officer is or was a director
of the corporation in which event this paragraph shall not apply) in any action,
suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, if
a determination is reasonably and promptly made (i) by the board of directors by
a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the
proceeding, or (ii) if such quorum is not obtainable, or, even if obtainable, a
quorum of disinterested directors so directs, by independent legal counsel in a
written opinion, that the facts known to the decision-making party at the time
such determination is made demonstrate clearly and convincingly that such person
acted in bad faith or in a manner that such person did not believe to be in or
not opposed to the best interests of the corporation.
6.5 NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS. The rights conferred on any person by this
Bylaw shall not be exclusive of any other right which such person may have or
hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of
Incorporation, Bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested
directors or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to
action in another capacity while holding office. The corporation is specifically
authorized to enter into individual contracts with any or all of its directors,
officers, employees or agents respecting indemnification and advances, to the
fullest extent not prohibited by the General Corporation Law of Delaware.
6.6 SURVIVAL OF RIGHTS. The rights conferred on any person by this Bylaw
shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee
or other agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and
administrators of such a person.
6.7 AMENDMENTS. Any repeal or modification of this Bylaw shall only be
prospective and shall not affect the rights under this Bylaw in effect at the
time of the alleged occurrence of any action or omission to act that is the
cause of any proceeding against any agent of the corporation.
ARTICLE VII
RECORDS AND REPORTS
7.1 MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF RECORDS. The corporation shall, either at
its principal executive office or at such place or places as designated by the
board of directors, keep a record of its stockholders listing their names and
addresses and the number and class of shares held by each stockholder, a copy of
these Bylaws as amended to date, accounting books and other records.
Any stockholder of record, in person or by attorney or other agent, shall,
upon written demand under oath stating the purpose thereof, have the right
during the usual hours for business to inspect for any proper purpose the
corporation's stock ledger, a list of its stockholders, and its other books and
records and to make copies or extracts therefrom. A proper purpose shall mean a
purpose reasonably related to such person's interest as a stockholder. In every
instance where an attorney or other agent is the person who seeks the right to
inspection, the demand under oath shall be accompanied by a power of attorney or
such other writing that authorizes the attorney or other agent to so act on
behalf of the stockholder. The demand under oath shall be directed to the
corporation at its registered office in Delaware or at its principal place of
business.
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7.2 INSPECTION BY DIRECTOR. Any director shall have the right to examine the
corporation's stock ledger, a list of its stockholders and its other books and
records for a purpose reasonably related to his or her position as a director.
The Court of Chancery is hereby vested with the exclusive jurisdiction to
determine whether a director is entitled to the inspection sought. The Court may
summarily order the corporation to permit the director to inspect any and all
books and records, the stock ledger, and the stock list and to make copies or
extracts therefrom. The Court may, in its discretion, prescribe any limitations
or conditions with reference to the inspection, or award such other and further
relief as the Court may deem just and proper.
ARTICLE VIII
GENERAL MATTERS
8.1 RECORD DATE FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN NOTICE AND VOTING. For purposes of
determining the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or
other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to
exercise any rights in respect of any other lawful action, the board of
directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty
(60) days before any such action. In that case, only stockholders of record at
the close of business on the date so fixed are entitled to receive the dividend,
distribution or allotment of rights, or to exercise such rights, as the case may
be, notwithstanding any transfer of any shares on the books of the corporation
after the record date so fixed, except as otherwise provided in the Certificate
of Incorporation, by these Bylaws, by agreement or by law.
If the board of directors does not so fix a record date, then the record
date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of
business on the day on which the board adopts the applicable resolution or the
sixtieth (60th) day before the date of that action, whichever is later.
8.2 CHECKS; DRAFTS; EVIDENCES OF INDEBTEDNESS. From time to time, the board
of directors shall determine by resolution which person or persons may sign or
endorse all checks, drafts, other orders for payment of money, notes or other
evidences of indebtedness that are issued in the name of or payable to the
corporation, and only the persons so authorized shall sign or endorse those
instruments.
8.3 CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS; HOW EXECUTED. The board of
directors, except as otherwise provided in these Bylaws, may authorize any
officer or officers, or agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute
any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation; such authority
may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized or
ratified by the board of directors or within the agency power of an officer, no
officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the
corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render
it liable for any purpose or for any amount.
8.4 FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of this corporation shall begin on the
first day of October of each year and end on the last day of September of the
following year.
8.5 STOCK CERTIFICATES. There shall be issued to each holder of fully paid
shares of the capital stock of the corporation a certificate or certificates for
such shares. Every holder of shares of the corporation shall be entitled to have
a certificate signed by, or in the name of the corporation by the president or
the chairman or the president or a vice president, and by the treasurer or an
assistant treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant secretary of such
corporation representing the number of shares registered in certificate form.
Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any
officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature
has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent
or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the
corporation with the same effect as if he or she were such officer, transfer
agent or registrar at the date of issue.
8.6 SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES. If the corporation is authorized to
issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, then
the powers, the designations, the preferences, and the relative, participating,
optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and
the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or
rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the
certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series
of stock; provided, however, that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202
of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, in lieu of the foregoing
requirements there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate that
the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock a
statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder
who so requests the powers, the designations, the preferences, and the relative,
participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series
thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences
and/or rights.
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8.7 LOST CERTIFICATES. The corporation may issue a new share certificate or
new certificate for any other security in the place of any certificate
theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and
the corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed
certificate or the owner's legal representative to give the corporation a bond
(or other adequate security) sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that
may be made against it (including any expense or liability) on account of the
alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of
such new certificate. The board of directors may adopt such other provisions and
restrictions with reference to lost certificates, not inconsistent with
applicable law, as it shall in its discretion deem appropriate.
8.8 CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS. Unless the context requires otherwise, the
general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions in the General
Corporation Law of Delaware shall govern the construction of these Bylaws.
Without limiting the generality of this provision, the singular number includes
the plural, the plural number includes the singular, and the term "person"
includes both a corporation and a natural person.
8.9 PROVISIONS ADDITIONAL TO PROVISIONS OF LAW. All restrictions,
limitations, requirements and other provisions of these Bylaws shall be
construed, insofar as possible, as supplemental and additional to all provisions
of law applicable to the subject matter thereof and shall be fully complied with
in addition to the said provisions of law unless such compliance shall be
illegal.
8.10 PROVISIONS CONTRARY TO PROVISIONS OF LAW. Any article, section,
subsection, subdivision, sentence, clause or phrase of these Bylaws which upon
being construed in the manner provided in Section 8.9 hereof, shall be contrary
to or inconsistent with any applicable provisions of law, shall not apply so
long as said provisions of law shall remain in effect, but such result shall not
affect the validity or applicability of any other portions of these Bylaws, it
being hereby declared that these Bylaws would have been adopted and each
article, section, subsection, subdivision, sentence, clause or phrase thereof,
irrespective of the fact that any one or more articles, sections, subsections,
subdivisions, sentences, clauses or phrases is or are illegal.
8.11 NOTICES. Any reference in these Bylaws to the time a notice is given or
sent means, unless otherwise expressly provided, the time a written notice by
mail is deposited in the United States mails, postage prepaid; or the time any
other written notice is personally delivered to the recipient or is delivered to
a common carrier for transmission, or actually transmitted by the person giving
the notice by electronic means, to the recipient; or the time any oral notice is
communicated, in person or by telephone or wireless, to the recipient or to a
person at the office of the recipient who the person giving the notice has
reason to believe will promptly communicate it to the recipient.
ARTICLE IX
AMENDMENTS
Subject to Section 6.7 hereof, the original or other bylaws of the
corporation may be adopted, amended or repealed by the stockholders entitled to
vote; provided, however, that the corporation may, in its certificate of
incorporation, confer the power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws upon the
directors. The fact that such power has been so conferred upon the directors
shall not divest the stockholders of the power, nor limit their power to adopt,
amend or repeal bylaws.
Whenever an amendment or new bylaw is adopted, it shall be copied in the
book of bylaws with the original bylaws, in the appropriate place. If any bylaw
is repealed, the fact of repeal with the date of the meeting at which the repeal
was enacted or the filing of the operative written consent(s) shall be stated in
said book.
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