Exhibit 99.6

            GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
                         NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

GUIDELINES FOR DETERMINING THE PROPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER TO GIVE THE PAYOR --
Social Security numbers have nine digits separated by two hyphens:  i e., 000-
00-0000.  Employer identification numbers have nine digits separated by only one
hyphen:  i.e., 00-0000000.  Individual Taxpayer identification numbers have nine
digits and are used solely for tax purposes by individuals who are required to
have a taxpayer identification number but who do not have one, and are not
eligible to obtain a Social Security number.  The table below will help
determine the number to give the Payor.



- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------       
                                    GIVE THE                                                         GIVE THE                     
                                    IDENTIFICATION                                                   IDENTIFICATION               
FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT            NUMBER OF                    FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT            NUMBER OF                    
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------       
                                                                                                                      
1.     An individual's account      The individual              8.  Sole proprietorship account     The Owner(4)             
                                                                                                                                  
2.     Two or more individuals      The actual owner of         9.  A valid trust, estate, or       Legal entity (Do not          
       (joint account)              the account or, if              pension trust                   furnish the                   
                                    combined funds, any                                             identifying number of         
                                    one of the                                                      the personal                  
                                    individuals(1)                                                  representative or             
                                                                                                    trustee unless the            
                                                                                                    legal entity itself is        
                                                                                                    not designated in the         
                                                                                                    account title.)(5)            
                                                                                                                                  
3.     Husband and wife (joint      The actual owner of        10.  Corporate account               The corporation               
       account)                     the account or, if                                                                            
                                    joint funds, either                                                                           
                                    person (1)                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                  
4.     Custodian account of a       The minor(2)               11.  Religious, charitable, or       The organization              
       minor (Uniform Gift to                                       educational organization                                      
       Minors Act)                                                  account                                                       
                                                                                                                                  
5.     Adult and minor (joint       The adult or, if the       12.  Partnership account held in     The partnership               
       account)                     minor is the only               the name of the business                                      
                                    contributor, the                                                                              
                                    minor(1)                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                  
6.     Account in the name of       The ward, minor, or        13.  Association, club or other      The organization              
       guardian or                  incompetent person(3)           tax-exempt organization                                       
       committee for a                                                                                                            
       designated ward,                                                                                                           
       minor, or incompetent                                                                                                      
       person                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                  
 7. a. The usual revocable          The grantor-trustee(1)     14.  A broker or registered          The broker or nominee         
       savings trust                                                nominee                                                       
       account (grantor is also                                                                                                   
       trustee)                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                  
    b. So-called trust              The actual owner(1)        15.  Account with the Department     The public entity             
       account that is                                              of Agriculture in the name                                    
       not a legal or valid                                         of a public entity (such as a                                 
       trust under State law                                        State or local governmental                                   
                                                                    school district or prison)                                    
                                                                    that receives agricultural                                    
                                                                    program payments                                               




 
_______________________________
(1)    List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish.

(2)    Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security number.

(3)    Circle the ward's, minor's or incompetent person's name and furnish such
       person's social security number.

(4)    Show the name of the owner.

(5)    List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate or pension
       trust.

NOTE:  If no name is circled when there is more than one name, the number will
       be considered to be that of the first name listed.

                                      -2-

 
            GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
                         NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9


                                     PAGE 2

OBTAINING A NUMBER

If you don't have a taxpayer identification number or you don't know your
number, obtain Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Number Card, or Form
W-7, Application for Individual Taxpayer Identification Number or Form SS-4,
Application for Employer Identification Number, at the local office of the
Social Security Administration or the Internal Revenue Service and apply for a
number.


PAYEES EXEMPT FROM BACKUP WITHHOLDING


Payees specifically exempted from backup withholding on ALL payments include the
following:

- -    A corporation.

- -    A financial institution.

- -    An organization exempt from tax under section 501(a), or an individual
     retirement plan.

- -    The United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof.

- -    A State, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States, or
     any subdivision or instrumentality thereof.

- -    A foreign government, a political subdivision of a foreign government, or
     any agency or instrumentality thereof.

- -    An international organization or any agency, or instrumentality thereof.

- -    A registered dealer in securities or commodities registered in the U.S. or
     a possession of the U.S.

- -    A real estate investment trust.

- -    A common trust fund operated by a bank under section 584(a).

- -    An exempt charitable remainder trust, or a non-exempt trust described in
     section 4947(a)(1).

- -    An entity registered at all times under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

- -    A foreign central bank of issue.

Payments of dividends and patronage dividends not generally subject to backup
withholding include the following:

- -    Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under section 1441.

- -    Payments to Partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the U.S. and
     which have at least one nonresident partner.

- -    Payments of patronage dividends where the account received is not paid in
     money.



 
- -    Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

- -    Payments made to a nominee.

Payments of interest not generally subject to backup withholding include the
following:

- -    Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals.  Note: You may
     be subject to backup withholding if this interest is $600 or more and is
     paid in the course of the payer's trade or business and you have not
     provided your correct taxpayer identification number to the payer.

- -    Payments of tax-exempt interest (including exempt interest dividends under
     section 852).

- -    Payments described in section 6049(b)(5) to nonresident aliens.

- -    Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under section 1451.

- -    Payments made to a nominee.

Exempt payees described above should file Form W-9 to avoid possible erroneous
backup withholding.  FILE THIS FORM WITH THE PAYER, FURNISH YOUR TAXPAYER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, WRITE "EXEMPT" ON THE FACE OF THE FORM, AND RETURN IT TO
THE PAYER.  IF THE PAYMENTS ARE INTEREST, DIVIDENDS, OR PATRONAGE DIVIDENDS,
ALSO SIGN AND DATE THE FORM.


     Certain payments other than interest, dividends, and patronage dividends
that are not subject to information reporting are also not subject to backup
withholding.  For details, see the regulations under sections 6041, 6041A(a),
6045, and 6050A.


PRIVACY ACT NOTICE -- Section 6109 requires most recipients of dividend
interest, or other payments to give taxpayer identification numbers to Payers
who must report the payments to IRS.  IRS uses the numbers for identification
purposes.  Payers must be given the numbers whether or not recipients are
required to file tax returns.  Beginning January 1, 1993, payers must generally
withhold 31% of taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a
payee who does not furnish a taxpayer identification number to a payer.  Certain
penalties may also apply.


PENALTIES


(1)  PENALTY FOR FAILURE TO FURNISH TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER. -- If you
fail to furnish your taxpayer identification number to a payer, you are subject
to a penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to
reasonable cause and not to willful neglect.


(2)  CIVIL PENALTY FOR FALSE INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO WITHHOLDING. -- If you
make a false statement with no reasonable basis which results in no imposition
of backup withholding, you are subject to a penalty of $500.


(3)  CRIMINAL PENALTY FOR FALSIFYING INFORMATION. -- Falsifying certifications
or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including fines and/or
imprisonment.


FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE
SERVICE.