EXHIBIT 4.2

                 The Registrant's Amended and Restated Bylaws




                              AMENDED AND RESTATED

                                     BYLAWS

                                       OF

                  VIRGINIA BEACH FEDERAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION

                         AS ADOPTED ON FEBRUARY 25, 1993

                                    ARTICLE I

                                   Home Office

         The home office of Virginia Beach Federal Financial Corporation (herein
the "Corporation") shall be at 2101 Parks Avenue, in the City of Virginia Beach,
in the  Commonwealth of Virginia.  The Corporation may also have offices at such
other  places  within or without  the  Commonwealth  of Virginia as the board of
directors shall from time to time determine.

                                   ARTICLE II

                                  Shareholders

         SECTION  1. Place of  Meetings.  All annual  and  special  meetings  of
shareholders  shall be held at the home  office  of the  Corporation  or at such
other  place  within or without  the  Commonwealth  of  Virginia as the board of
directors may determine and as designated in the notice of such meeting.

         SECTION  2.  Annual  Meeting.  A  meeting  of the  shareholders  of the
Corporation  for the election of directors and for the  transaction of any other
business of the Corporation  shall be held annually at such date, time and place
as shall be fixed by the board of  directors,  the  chairman of the board or the
president.

         SECTION 3. Special  Meetings.  Special meetings of the shareholders for
any purpose or purposes  may be called at any time by the  chairman of the board
of directors, the president, a majority of the board of directors or a committee
of the board of directors in accordance with the provisions of the Corporation's
Articles of Incorporation.

         SECTION 4. Conduct of Meetings.  Annual and special  meetings  shall be
conducted in accordance  with the rules and  procedures  adopted by the board of
directors.

         SECTION 5. Notice of Meeting. Written notice stating the place, day and
hour of the meeting and the purpose or purposes  for which the meeting is called
shall be mailed by the secretary or the officer  performing his duties, not less
than 10 days nor more than 60 days  before the  meeting to each  shareholder  of
record entitled to vote at such meeting,  except that notice of a meeting to act
on an  amendment  to the  Articles of  Incorporation,  a plan of merger or share
exchange,  a  proposed  sale of  assets  other  than in the  regular  course  of
business,  or the dissolution of the Corporation shall be given not less than 25
days nor more than 60 days before the meeting.  If mailed,  such notice shall be
deemed to be






delivered when deposited in the United States mail, addressed to the shareholder
at his  address  as it  appears  on the stock  transfer  books or records of the
Corporation  as of the record date  prescribed  in Section 6 of this Article II,
with postage thereon  prepaid.  If a shareholder is present at a meeting,  or in
writing waives notice thereof before or after the meeting, notice of the meeting
to such shareholder shall be unnecessary. When any shareholders' meeting, either
annual or special,  is adjourned  for 30 days or more,  notice of the  adjourned
meeting  shall be given as in the case of an original  meeting.  It shall not be
necessary to give any notice of the time and place of any meeting  adjourned for
less than 10 days or of the business to be transacted at such adjourned meeting,
other than an announcement at the meeting at which such  adjournment is taken or
if a new  record  date for the  adjourned  meeting  is  selected,  notice of the
adjourned  meeting shall be given to persons who are  shareholders as of the new
record date.

         SECTION  6.  Fixing of Record  Date.  For the  purpose  of  determining
shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders, or
any  adjournment  thereof,  or  shareholders  entitled to receive payment of any
dividend,  or in order to make a  determination  of  shareholders  for any other
proper purpose, the board of directors shall fix in advance a date as the record
date for any such determination of shareholders.  Such date in any case shall be
not more than 70 days, and in case of a meeting of  shareholders,  not less than
10 days  prior  to the date on  which  the  particular  action,  requiring  such
determination  of  shareholders,  is  to  be  taken.  When  a  determination  of
shareholders  entitled to vote at any meeting of  shareholders  has been made as
provided in this  section,  such  determination  shall apply to any  adjournment
thereof,  unless the board of directors fixes a new record date,  which it shall
do if the meeting is adjourned to a date more than 120 days after the date fixed
for the original meeting.

         SECTION 7.  Voting  Lists.  The officer or agent  having  charge of the
stock transfer books for shares of the Corporation  shall make, at least 10 days
before  each  meeting of  shareholders,  a complete  record of the  shareholders
entitled  to  vote at such  meeting  or any  adjournment  thereof,  arranged  in
alphabetical  order,  with the address of and the number of shares held by each.
The record,  for a period of 10 days before such meeting,  shall be kept on file
at the principal office of the Corporation,  whether within or without Virginia,
and shall be subject to  inspection  by any  shareholder  during usual  business
hours if such shareholder  makes a demand for inspection in good faith and for a
proper  purpose  and the  list of  shareholders  is  directly  connected  to his
purpose.  Such record shall also be produced and kept open at the time and place
of the meeting and shall be subject to the inspection of any shareholder for any
purpose  germane  to the  meeting  during  the whole  time of the  meeting.  The
original stock transfer  books shall  constitute  prima facie evidence as to who
are the  shareholders  entitled to examine  such record or transfer  books or to
vote at any meeting of shareholders.

         SECTION  8.  Quorum.  A  majority  of  the  outstanding  shares  of the
Corporation  entitled  to  vote,  represented  in  person  or  by  proxy,  shall
constitute a quorum at a meeting of shareholders. If less than a majority of the
outstanding  shares are  represented  at a meeting,  a majority of the shares so
represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice. At
such adjourned  meeting at which a quorum shall be present and represented,  any
business may be  transacted  which might have been  transacted at the meeting as
originally  notified.  The shareholders  present at a duly organized meeting may
continue to transact business until adjournment,  notwithstanding the withdrawal
of enough  shareholders  to leave  less than a  quorum.  Less than a quorum  may
adjourn a meeting.

         SECTION 9. Proxies. At all meetings of shareholders,  a shareholder may
vote either in person or by proxy  executed in writing by the  shareholder or by
his duly  authorized  attorney  in fact.  Proxies  solicited  on  behalf  of the
management  shall be voted as directed by the  shareholder or, in the absence of
such direction,  as determined by a majority of the board of directors. No proxy
shall be valid after

                                        2






eleven months from the date of its execution  unless  otherwise  provided in the
proxy.  An  appointment  of a proxy is revocable by the  shareholder  unless the
appointment form conspicuously states that it is irrevocable and the appointment
is coupled with an interest.

         The death or incapacity of the shareholder  appointing a proxy does not
affect the right of the  Corporation  to accept  the  proxy's  authority  unless
notice of the death or  incapacity is received by the secretary or other officer
or agent  authorized to tabulate votes before the proxy  exercises his authority
under the appointment.  An appointment  made  irrevocable  under this Section is
revoked when the interest with which it is coupled is extinguished. A transferee
for value of  shares  subject  to an  irrevocable  appointment  may  revoke  the
appointment  if he did not know of its existence when he acquired the shares and
the existence of the irrevocable  appointment was not noted conspicuously on the
certificate  representing  the shares.  Subject to any legal  limitation  on the
right of the  Corporation  to accept the vote or other  action of a proxy and to
any express  limitation  on the proxy's  authority  appearing on the face of the
appointment  form,  the  Corporation  is entitled to accept the proxy's  vote or
other action as that of the shareholder  making the  appointment.  Any fiduciary
who is entitled to vote any shares, may vote such shares by proxy.

         SECTION 10. Voting.  At each election for directors  every  shareholder
entitled to vote at such  election  shall be entitled to one vote for each share
of stock held by him. Unless otherwise provided in Articles of Incorporation, by
statute, or by these Bylaws, a majority of those votes cast by shareholders at a
lawful meeting shall be sufficient to pass on a transaction or matter.

         SECTION 11. Voting of Shares in the Name of Two or More  Persons.  When
ownership of stock stands in the name of two or more persons,  in the absence of
written  directions to the  Corporation  to the contrary,  at any meeting of the
shareholders of the Corporation any one or more of such  shareholders  may cast,
in person or by proxy,  all votes to which such  ownership is  entitled.  In the
event an attempt is made to cast  conflicting  votes,  in person or by proxy, by
the several  persons in whose name shares of stock  stand,  the vote or votes to
which  these  persons  are  entitled  shall be cast as directed by a majority of
those holding such stock and present in person or by proxy at such meeting,  but
no votes shall be cast for such stock if a majority cannot agree.

         SECTION 12. Voting of Shares by Certain Holders. Shares standing in the
name of another  corporation may be voted by any officer,  agent or proxy as the
bylaws of such corporation may prescribe,  or, in the absence of such provision,
as the board of directors of such  corporation may determine.  Shares held by an
administrator,  executor, guardian or conservator may be voted by him, either in
person or by proxy,  without a transfer  of such  shares  into his name.  Shares
standing  in the name of a trustee  may be voted by him,  either in person or by
proxy,  but no trustee  shall be  entitled  to vote shares held by him without a
transfer of such shares into his name. Shares standing in the name of a receiver
may be voted by such  receiver,  and  shares  held by or under the  control of a
receiver may be voted by such  receiver  without the  transfer  thereof into his
name if authority to do so is contained in an appropriate  order of the court or
other public authority by which such receiver was appointed.

         A  shareholder  whose shares are pledged shall be entitled to vote such
shares until the shares have been transferred into the name of the pledgee,  and
thereafter the pledgee shall be entitled to vote the shares so transferred.

         Neither treasury shares of its own stock held by the  Corporation,  nor
shares held by another corporation, if a majority of the shares entitled to vote
for the election of directors of such other

                                        3






corporation  are held by the  Corporation,  shall be  voted  at any  meeting  or
counted in determining the total number of outstanding  shares at any given time
for purposes of any meeting.

         SECTION  13.  Inspectors  of  Election.  In advance  of any  meeting of
shareholders,  the board of  directors  may  appoint  any  persons,  other  than
nominees  for office,  as  inspectors  of election to act at such meeting or any
adjournment  thereof.  The number of inspectors shall be either one or three. If
the  board  of  directors  so  appoints  either  one or three  inspectors,  that
appointment  shall not be altered at the meeting.  If inspectors of election are
not so  appointed,  the  chairman  of the board or the  president  may make such
appointment at the meeting.  In case any person  appointed as inspector fails to
appear or fails or refuses to act, the vacancy may be filled by  appointment  by
the board of  directors  in  advance  of the  meeting  or at the  meeting by the
chairman of the board or the president.

         Unless  otherwise  prescribed  by  applicable  law,  the duties of such
inspectors  shall  include:  determining  the  number of shares of stock and the
voting power of each share, the shares of stock represented at the meeting,  the
existence  of a quorum,  the  authenticity,  validity  and  effect  of  proxies;
receiving votes, ballots or consents; hearing and determining all challenges and
questions in any way arising in connection with the right to vote;  counting and
tabulating all votes or consents;  determining the result;  and such acts as may
be proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all shareholders.

         SECTION 14. Nominating Committee. The board of directors shall act as a
nominating  committee  for  selecting  the  management  nominees for election as
directors.  Except in the case of a nominee substituted as a result of the death
or other  incapacity of a management  nominee,  the nominating  committee  shall
deliver written  nominations to the secretary at least 20 days prior to the date
of the annual  meeting.  Provided  such  committee  makes such  nominations,  no
nominations for directors except those made by the nominating committee shall be
voted upon at the annual meeting unless other  nominations by  shareholders  are
made in writing and delivered to the secretary of the  Corporation in accordance
with the provisions of the Corporation's Articles of Incorporation.

         SECTION 15. New Business. Any new business to be taken up at the annual
meeting  shall  be  stated  in  writing  and  filed  with the  secretary  of the
Corporation in accordance with the provisions of the  Corporation's  Articles of
Incorporation.  This provision shall not prevent the  consideration and approval
or  disapproval  at the annual  meeting of reports of  officers,  directors  and
committees,  but in connection  with such reports no new business shall be acted
upon at  such  annual  meeting  unless  stated  and  filed  as  provided  in the
Corporation's Articles of Incorporation.

                                   ARTICLE III

                               Board of Directors

         SECTION 1. General Powers.  The business and affairs of the Corporation
shall be under the direction of its board of  directors.  The board of directors
shall  annually  elect a chairman of the board,  a vice chairman and a president
from among its members.  The chairman of the board shall preside at all meetings
at which he is in attendance;  in his absence,  the vice chairman shall preside.
In the event  that both the  chairman  and the vice  chairman  are  absent,  the
president shall preside at the meeting.

         SECTION 2. Number,  Term and  Election.  The board of  directors  shall
initially  consist of 10  members  and shall be  divided  into three  classes as
nearly equal in number as possible in accordance with

                                        4






the  provisions  of the  Corporation's  Articles of  Incorporation.  Thereafter,
within the limits  specified  by the  Articles of  Incorporation,  the number of
directors  shall be specified by vote of the board of directors.  The members of
each class shall be elected for a term of three years and until their successors
are elected and qualified.

         SECTION  3.  Regular  Meetings.  A  regular  meeting  of the  board  of
directors shall be held without other notice than this Bylaw immediately  after,
and at the same  place as,  the annual  meeting  of  shareholders.  The board of
directors  may  provide,  by  resolution,  the time and place for the holding of
additional regular meetings without other notice than such resolution.

         SECTION 4. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the board of directors
may be called by or at the request of the chairman of the board,  the  president
or a majority of the directors.  The persons authorized to call special meetings
of the board of directors may fix any place as the place for holding any special
meeting of the board of directors  called by such persons.  Members of the board
of  directors  may  participate  in  special  meetings  by means  of  conference
telephone or similar communications equipment by which all persons participating
in the meeting may  simultaneously  hear each other.  Such  participation  shall
constitute presence in person.

         SECTION 5. Notice of Special  Meetings.  Notice of special  meetings of
the board of directors  may be given orally or in writing.  Oral notice shall be
given in person or by telephone at least 24 hours prior to the meeting.  Written
notice of a special  meeting  shall be given to each  director at least 24 hours
prior  thereto  delivered  personally or by telegram or at least five days prior
thereto  delivered by United States mail at the address at which the director is
most likely to be reached.  Such written  notice shall be deemed to be delivered
when  deposited in the United  States mail so  addressed,  with postage  thereon
prepaid  if  mailed  or  when  delivered  to the  telegraph  company  if sent by
telegram.  Any director  may waive notice of the holding,  time and place of any
meeting  of the Board or any  committee  thereof  either  before  or after  such
meeting by a writing filed with the secretary. The attendance of a director at a
meeting  shall  constitute  a waiver of notice of such  meeting,  except where a
director  attends  a  meeting  for  the  express  purpose  of  objecting  to the
transaction  of any  business  because  the  meeting is not  lawfully  called or
convened.  Neither  the  business to be  transacted  at, nor the purpose of, any
meeting of the board of  directors  need be specified in the notice or waiver of
notice of such meeting.

         SECTION 6.  Quorum.  A majority  of the  number of  directors  fixed by
Section 2 of this Article III shall  constitute a quorum for the  transaction of
business at any meeting of the board of directors,  but if less than such quorum
is present at a meeting,  a majority  of the  directors  present may adjourn the
meeting from time to time. Notice of any adjourned meeting shall be given in the
same manner as prescribed by Section 5 of this Article III.

         SECTION 7. Manner of Acting.  The act of the majority of the  directors
present at a meeting at which a quorum is present  shall be the act of the board
of  directors,  unless a  greater  number is  prescribed  by these  Bylaws,  the
Articles of Incorporation, or the laws of Virginia.

         SECTION 8. Action Without a Meeting.  Any action  required or permitted
to be taken by the  board of  directors  at a  meeting  may be taken  without  a
meeting if a consent in  writing,  setting  forth the action so taken,  shall be
signed by all of the directors.

         SECTION 9. Resignation.  Any director may resign at any time by sending
a  written  notice of such  resignation  to the home  office of the  Corporation
addressed to the chairman of the board or the

                                        5






president. Unless otherwise specified therein such resignation shall take effect
upon receipt thereof by the chairman of the board or the president.

         SECTION 10. Vacancies.  Any vacancy occurring in the board of directors
shall be filled in accordance with the provisions of the Corporation's  Articles
of  Incorporation.  The term of such director  shall be in  accordance  with the
provisions of the Corporation's Articles of Incorporation.

         SECTION 11.  Removal of Directors.  Any director or the entire board of
directors  may  be  removed  only  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of the
Corporation's Articles of Incorporation.

         SECTION  12.  Compensation.  Directors,  as such,  may receive a stated
salary for their  services and  reasonable  expenses as determined  from time to
time by the board of directors. Members of either standing or special committees
may be  compensated  for  their  services  or board  committees  as the board of
directors may determine.

         SECTION 13. Presumption of Assent. A director of the Corporation who is
present at a meeting of the board of directors at which action on any  corporate
matter is taken shall be deemed to have  assented to the action taken unless (a)
he votes  against,  or abstains  from, the action taken or (b) he objects at the
beginning  of the  meeting,  or  promptly  upon his  arrival,  to  holding it or
transacting specified business at the meeting.

         SECTION 14. Age Limitations.  Other than directors currently serving on
the Board of  Directors  as of June 18,  1992,  no person  shall be eligible for
election, re-election,  appointment, or re-appointment to the Board of Directors
of the  Corporation  if such  person  is then  more  than 70 years  of age.  Any
director,  upon attaining that age, shall  automatically  cease to be a director
effective as of the next  succeeding  annual meeting of  stockholders  and shall
become eligible to be a Director Emeritus in accordance with Section 15 hereof.

         SECTION 15.  Directors  Emeritus.  The Board of  Directors  may, by the
affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present at any meeting,  appoint
one or more Directors  Emeritus to serve as advisors or consultants to the Board
of  Directors  and may provide  for their  reasonable  compensation  pursuant to
Article III, Section 12 hereof. A Director Emeritus shall have previously served
as a director of the Corporation or a successor entity. Directors Emeritus shall
be required to attend all meetings of the Board of Directors in order to receive
compensation  hereunder  and may also be appointed to serve on committees of the
Board as advisors.  Directors Emeritus shall not have the right to vote at Board
meetings on any matters  concerning the Corporation.  Directors  Emeritus may be
reappointed by the  affirmative  vote of a majority of the directors  present at
any meeting.  The term of a Director  Emeritus  shall not exceed one year.  More
than three consecutive absences from regular meetings of the Board of Directors,
unless  excused by  resolution of the Board of  Directors,  shall  automatically
constitute a resignation of a Director Emeritus.

                                   ARTICLE IV

                      Committees of the Board of Directors

         The board of directors  may, by resolution  passed by a majority of the
whole  board,  designate  one or more  committees,  as they may  determine to be
necessary or appropriate for the conduct of the business of the Corporation, and
may prescribe the duties, constitution and procedures thereof. Each committee

                                        6






shall  consist  of one or more  directors  of the  Corporation.  The  board  may
designate one or more directors as alternate  members of any committee,  who may
replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee.

         The board of directors  may by  resolution  passed by a majority of the
full board,  at any time change the members of, fill vacancies in, and discharge
any committee of the board.  Any member of any such  committee may resign at any
time by giving notice to the Corporation;  provided, however, that notice to the
board, the chairman of the board, the chief executive  officer,  the chairman of
such  committee,  or the secretary  shall be deemed to constitute  notice to the
Corporation.  Such resignation  shall take effect upon receipt of such notice or
at any later time specified  therein;  and, unless otherwise  specified therein,
acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.  Any
member of any such committee may be removed at any time,  either with or without
cause,  by the  affirmative  vote of a  majority  of the  authorized  number  of
directors at any meeting of the board called for that purpose.

                                    ARTICLE V

                                    Officers

         SECTION  1.  Positions.  The  officers  of the  Corporation  shall be a
president,  one or more vice  presidents,  a secretary and a treasurer,  each of
whom shall be elected by the board of directors. The board of directors may also
designate the chairman of the board as an officer.  The  president  shall be the
chief executive officer,  unless the board of directors  designates the chairman
of the board as the chief  executive  officer.  The offices of the secretary and
treasurer may be held by the same person and a vice president may also be either
the secretary or the treasurer. The board of directors may designate one or more
vice presidents as executive vice presidents or senior vice president. The board
of directors may also elect to authorize the  appointment of such other officers
as the business of the Corporation may require.  The chief executive officer may
appoint such other officers pursuant to such authority,  general or specific, as
the board of directors may grant.  The secretary shall have  responsibility  for
preparing  and  maintaining  custody of minutes of  directors  and  stockholders
meetings and for authenticating  records of the Corporation.  The officers shall
have such  authority  and perform such duties as the board of directors may from
time to time  authorize or  determine.  In the absence of action by the board of
directors,  the officers shall have such powers and duties as generally  pertain
to their respective offices.

         SECTION 2. Election and Term of Office. The officers of the Corporation
shall be elected  annually by the board of directors at the first meeting of the
board of directors  held after each annual meeting of the  shareholders.  If the
election of officers is not held at such meeting, such election shall be held as
soon thereafter as possible.  Each officer shall hold office until his successor
shall  have  been duly  elected  and  qualified  or until his death or until the
officer's  death,  resignation  or removal in the manner  hereinafter  provided.
Election or  appointment  of an  officer,  employee or agent shall not of itself
create contract  rights.  Any officer may resign at any time upon written notice
to the board of directors and such resignation shall be effective when notice is
delivered unless the notice specifies a later effective date.

         SECTION 3. Removal.  Any officer may be removed by majority vote of the
board  of  directors  or,  in the  case of an  officer  appointed  by the  chief
executive  officer,  by the chief  executive  officer,  whenever,  in its or his
judgment, the best interests of the Corporation will be served thereby, but such
removal,  other  than for  cause,  shall be without  prejudice  to the  contract
rights, if any, of the person so removed.

                                        7







         SECTION  4.  Vacancies.  A  vacancy  in any  office  because  of death,
resignation,  removal, disqualification or otherwise, may be filled by the board
of directors for the unexpired portion of the term.

         SECTION 5.  Remuneration.  The  remuneration  of the officers  shall be
fixed from time to time by the board of directors or a committee  thereof and no
officer shall be prevented from receiving such salary by reason of the fact that
he is also a director of the Corporation.

                                   ARTICLE VI

                      Contracts, Loans, Checks and Deposits

         SECTION 1.  Contracts.  To the extent  permitted by applicable law, and
except as otherwise prescribed by the Corporation's Articles of Incorporation or
these Bylaws with respect to certificates for shares, the board of directors may
authorize any officer,  employee,  or agent of the Corporation to enter into any
contract or execute and deliver any  instrument  in the name of and on behalf of
the Corporation.

Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.

         SECTION  2.  Loans.  No loans  shall be  contracted  on  behalf  of the
Corporation and no evidence of  indebtedness  shall be issued in its name unless
authorized by the board of directors.  Such authority may be general or confined
to specific instances.

         SECTION 3. Checks,  Drafts, Etc. All checks, drafts or other orders for
the payment of money,  notes or other  evidences of  indebtedness  issued in the
name of the  Corporation  shall be signed by one or more officers,  employees or
agents  of the  Corporation  in  such  manner  as  shall  from  time  to time be
determined  by  resolution  of the board of  directors.  Such  authority  may be
general or confined to specific instances.

         SECTION  4.  Deposits.  All  funds  of the  Corporation  not  otherwise
employed shall be deposited  from time to time to the credit of the  Corporation
in any of its duly authorized depositories as the board of directors may select.

                                   ARTICLE VII

                   Certificates for Shares and Their Transfer

         SECTION 1. Certificates for Shares. The shares of the Corporation shall
be represented  by  certificates  signed by any two officers of the  Corporation
designated by  resolution of the board of directors,  and may be sealed with the
seal of the  Corporation  or a facsimile  thereof.  Any or all of the signatures
upon a certificate  may be facsimiles if the certificate is  countersigned  by a
transfer agent, or registered by a registrar,  other than the Corporation itself
or an  employee  of the  Corporation.  If any  officer  who has  signed or whose
facsimile  signature has been placed upon such certificate  shall have ceased to
be such  officer  before  the  certificate  is  issued,  it may be issued by the
Corporation  with the same effect as if he were such  officer at the date of its
issue.

         SECTION 2. Form of Share  Certificates.  All certificates  representing
shares issued by the Corporation  shall set forth upon the face or back that the
Corporation  will furnish to any  shareholder  upon request and without charge a
full statement of the designations, preferences, limitations, and relative

                                        8






rights of the shares of each class  authorized to be issued,  the  variations in
the relative  rights and  preferences  between the shares of each such series so
far as the same have been fixed and  determined,  and the authority of the board
of  directors  to fix and  determine  the  relative  rights and  preferences  of
subsequent series.

         Each certificate representing shares shall state upon the face thereof:
that  the  Corporation  is  organized  under  the  laws of the  Commonwealth  of
Virginia; the name of the person to whom issued; the number and class of shares;
the date of issue; the designation of the series, if any, which such certificate
represents;  the par value of each share represented by such  certificate,  or a
statement that the shares are without par value.  Other matters in regard to the
form of the certificates shall be determined by the board of directors.

         SECTION 3. Payment for Shares.  No certificate  shall be issued for any
shares until such share is fully paid.

         SECTION 4.  Transfer of Shares.  Transfer of shares of capital stock of
the Corporation  shall be made only on its stock transfer  books.  Authority for
such  transfer  shall be given  only by the  holder of record  thereof or by his
legal representative, who shall furnish proper evidence of such authority, or by
his attorney  thereunto  authorized by power of attorney duly executed and filed
with  the  Corporation.  Such  transfer  shall  be made  only on  surrender  for
cancellation of the certificate for such shares. The person in whose name shares
of capital  stock stand on the books of the  Corporation  shall be deemed by the
Corporation to be the owner thereof for all purposes.

                                  ARTICLE VIII

                            Fiscal Year; Annual Audit

         The  fiscal  year  of the  Corporation  shall  end on the  31st  day of
December of each year. The Corporation shall be subject to an annual audit as of
the end of its fiscal year by independent  public  accountants  appointed by and
responsible to the board of directors.

                                   ARTICLE IX

                                    Dividends

         Subject  to  the  provisions  of  the  Articles  of  Incorporation  and
applicable  law, the board of directors may, at any regular or special  meeting,
declare, and the Corporation may pay, dividends on the Corporation's outstanding
capital  stock.   Dividends  may  be  paid  in  cash,  in  property  or  in  the
Corporation's own stock.

                                    ARTICLE X

                                 Corporate Seal

         The  corporate  seal of the  Corporation  shall be in such  form as the
board of directors shall prescribe.

                                        9





                                   ARTICLE XI

                                   Amendments

         In accordance with the Corporation's  Articles of Incorporation,  these
Bylaws may be repealed, altered, amended or rescinded by the shareholders of the
Corporation only by vote of not less than 66- 2/3% of the outstanding  shares of
capital stock of the  Corporation  entitled to vote generally in the election of
directors  (considered  for this  purpose as one class) cast at a meeting of the
shareholders  called for that  purpose  (provided  that notice of such  proposed
repeal,  alteration,  amendment  or  recision  is included in the notice of such
meeting).  In  addition,  the board of  directors  may repeal,  alter,  amend or
rescind  these Bylaws by vote of a majority of the board of directors at a legal
meeting held in accordance  with the provisions of these Bylaws.  In the case of
amendments  made by the  board  of  directors,  the  proposed  changes  shall be
distributed  in writing to all board  members  at least  forty-eight  (48) hours
prior to the meeting at which the  amendment  will be first  brought  before the
board.  Affirmative  votes of at least  two-thirds of the membership of the full
board shall be required at two successive  meetings of the board after which the
amendment is considered as adopted.

                                   ARTICLE XII

                           Board Review of the Bylaws

         Annual  review of these  Bylaws is to be made by the board of directors
or by a committee  appointed for that  purpose.  If the board as a whole acts as
the reviewing  body, this shall be done at the first regular meeting in February
of each year;  if a  committee  is to perform the review  function,  it shall be
completed  in time for the  committee  to report its finding to the board at the
first regular meeting in February of each year.


                                       10