EXHIBIT 12.1 PDV AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES Year Ended December 31 _________________________________________________________________________ 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- Income before provision for income taxes $334,185 $215,781 $226,482 $332,940 $252,373 Equity earnings (less than) in excess of distributions (33,506) (8,672) (19,090) (14,991) (11,828) Equity in losses of certain investees 2,614 5,245 5,187 68 183 Interest 209,465 194,362 186,546 157,575 136,857 Amortization of previously capitalized interest 4,115 3,600 3,440 3,039 2,433 Portion of rent representative of interest factor 13,000 11,000 10,928 11,305 11,173 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Total earnings $529,873 $421,316 $413,493 $479,936 $391,191 ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== Fixed charges Interest expense $209,465 $194,362 $186,546 $157,575 $136,857 Capitalized interest 7,800 12,000 5,000 12,000 4,000 Portion of rent representative of interest factor 13,000 11,000 10,928 11,305 11,173 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Total fixed charges $230,265 $217,362 $202,474 $180,880 $152,030 ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== Ratio of earnings to fixed charges 2.30x 1.94x 2.04x 2.65x 2.57x