UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
(x) ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996
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OR
( ) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ___________________ to _________________________
Commission File Number: 0-22016
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HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC.
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(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 13-3429087
- --------------------------------- -------------------
(State of other jurisdiction (I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
Three South Revmont Drive, Shrewsbury, New Jersey 07702
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(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(908) 935-2600
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(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $.01 par value.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes X No
--- ---
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405
of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to the
Form 10-K. [ ]
State the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of
the Registrant: The aggregate market value, computed by reference to the closing
price of such stock on April 10, 1997, was $17,648,864.
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of
common stock, as of the latest practicable date: On April 14, 1997, there were
outstanding 5,660,000 shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value, of the Registrant.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The information required by Part III of this report on Form 10-K is
incorporated by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement with respect to the
1997 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which the Registrant intends to file with
the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the end of
the fiscal year covered by this report. The portions of the Proxy Statement
under the headings "Report of the Compensation Committee" and the "Stock
Performance Graph" are not incorporated by reference and are not a part of this
Form 10-K Report.
2
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
Page
----
Item 1. Business...................................................... 4
Item 2. Properties.................................................... 26
Item 3. Legal Proceedings............................................. 26
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders........... 26
Item 4A. Executive Officers of the Registrant.......................... 27
PART II
Item 5. Market for the Registrant's Common Stock and Related
Stockholder Matters......................................... 31
Item 6. Selected Financial Data....................................... 33
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations................................... 34
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data................... 41
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting
and Financial Disclosure...................................... 41
PART III
Information required by Items 10 (Directors and Executive Officers of
the Registrant) (except as set forth in Item 4A), 11 (Executive
Compensation), 12 (Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
and Management) and 13 (Certain Relationships and Related
Transactions) are to be set forth in proxy materials ................... 42
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on
Form 8-K.................................................... 43
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a "safe
harbor" for forward-looking statements. This Form 10-K, the Annual Report to
Stockholders, any Form 10-Q or any Form 8-K of the Company (as hereinafter
defined) or any other written or oral statements made by or on behalf of the
Company may include forward-looking statements which reflect the Company's
current views with respect to future events and financial performance. These
forward-looking statements are subject to certain uncertainties and other
factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such
statements. These uncertainties and other factors (which are described in more
detail under the caption "Safe Harbor Disclosure" in Item 7 - Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and
elsewhere in this Form 10-K and in other documents filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission) include, but are not limited to, uncertainties relating to
general economic conditions and cyclical industry conditions, uncertainties
relating to government and regulatory policies, volatile and unpredictable
developments (including catastrophes), the legal environment, the uncertainties
of the reserving process and the competitive environment in which the Company
operates. The words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "project" and similar
expressions identify forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to
place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of
their dates. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise
any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future
events or otherwise.
3
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Introduction
Home State Holdings, Inc. ("the Company") is a property and casualty
insurance holding company primarily engaged through its subsidiaries in
providing personal and commercial auto insurance in New Jersey, New York,
Pennsylvania, Delaware, West Virginia, Georgia, Florida and Connecticut. Through
its subsidiaries, the Company specializes in writing personal and commercial
automobile insurance products through independent agents.
The Company has historically employed a three-tiered strategy to pursue
growth opportunities in its markets. First, the Company generated significant
volume as its "preferred agencies" write standard and preferred auto risks
formerly written by assigned risk plans or abandoned by companies exiting the
Company's markets; second, the Company selectively acquired renewal rights to
books of business from companies exiting these markets; and third, the Company
has, through strategic investments, gained entry into new markets, particularly
along the Atlantic seaboard. During 1996, the Company re-evaluated its prior
growth strategy and has implemented measures to slow the historical rates of
expansion within the Company's markets.
The Company writes standard and preferred personal auto insurance in
accordance with its own strict underwriting guidelines; the Company does not
write non-standard personal auto insurance. See "- Insurance Underwriting and
Pricing." The Company's commercial auto business is focused on providing
coverage for public transportation, including school buses, luxury limousines,
local charter buses and other non-fleet risks. It does not insure long-haul
trucking operations.
The Company has historically used excess of loss reinsurance in order to
achieve its growth objectives. Management has negotiated reinsurance treaties
that enabled the Company to leverage its resources in order to write additional
risks while maintaining premium to surplus ratios recommended by regulatory
authorities and rating agencies. Although a majority of the profits on the ceded
premium is retained by reinsurers, the Company receives ceding commissions and
profit sharing revenues which provide a means of participating in the
profitability of the reinsurance programs. The Company continually evaluates the
opportunity to retain a greater portion of ceded premium to reduce reinsurance
costs and/or further enhance profitability. The Company has made certain changes
in the combined reinsurance program during 1996 for 1997, moving certain classes
of liability insurance business from excess of loss to quota share agreements.
The historical loss ratio and/or policy limits for these classes are expected to
make quota share reinsurance rather than excess of loss reinsurance the most
effective means to provide the Company with reinsurance protection. The Company
will continue to evaluate the ability to retain additional premiums as its
surplus position and access to appropriate reinsurance capacity allow. See
"Reinsurance".
During the second quarter of 1996, the Company noted a significant increase
in the volume of reported claims falling below the reinsurance attachment
points, over and above the frequency anticipated in its calculation of loss
reserves. At the same time, the Company conducted a thorough overall
re-evaluation of its business plan and the profitability of the underlying
business. As a result, management increased reserves by $12 million in the
second quarter, predominantly within IBNR.
In the remainder of 1996, the Company continued to reassess its current and
prior year loss experience. As a result of the reassessment, the Company made
significant additional reserve increases in the fourth quarter of 1996, leading
to a 1996 loss ratio of 113% and total adverse development of $23 million on
1995 and prior accident year reserves.
Due to the increase in loss reserves in 1996 and the impact of the loss
ratio on reinsurance profit sharing income, the Company incurred a substantial
loss in 1996. This loss, and recent actions by the Company, are explained
below.
4
History
Insurance Companies
The Company was incorporated in the State of Delaware in 1987 to form, own
and operate Home State Insurance Company ("Home State"), which commenced writing
auto physical damage insurance (comprehensive and collision) in New Jersey in
1988 and auto liability insurance in 1989. In September 1990 the Company formed
Quaker City Holdings, Inc. ("Quaker City Holdings"), which in January 1991
acquired Quaker City Insurance Company ("Quaker City"), at that time a dormant
Pennsylvania licensed insurance company. Quaker City re-commenced writing
Pennsylvania personal auto insurance in 1991 and, in March 1993, was authorized
to write insurance in Delaware. In 1994, Quaker City was authorized to write
insurance in Maryland, West Virginia, the District of Columbia and Virginia.
On December 28, 1992, the Company, Home State and Quaker City loaned $2.0
million to New York Merchant Bakers Insurance Company ("Merchant Bakers"), then
a New York mutual property and casualty insurance company. Since that time,
directors and officers of the Company or its subsidiaries, who were also
policyholders of Merchant Bakers, have constituted seven of thirteen directors
of Merchant Bakers. On October 4, 1994, the Company loaned an additional $4.0
million to Merchant Bakers. On March 2, 1995, the New York State Department of
Insurance (the "Superintendent") approved the acquisition of control of Merchant
Bakers by the Company pursuant to a Plan of Conversion of Merchant Bakers,
converting Merchant Bakers from a mutual to a stock insurance company
wholly-owned by the Company. During the first six months of 1996, the Company
contributed $3.0 million of capital and surplus to Merchant Bakers. In October
1996, the Company contributed an additional $10 million of capital and surplus
to Merchant Bakers with funds provided from the private placement of preferred
stock and warrants with certain reinsurers of the Company. See "Item 5 - Market
for the Registrant's Common Stock and Related Stockholder Matters - Recent Sales
of Unregistered Securities." The additional capital was required in order to
maintain regulatory prescribed surplus and leverage ratios as a result of the
strengthening of Merchant Bakers' loss reserves.
On August 19, 1993, the Company completed its initial public offering of
1,610,000 shares of common stock. Also, on the closing date of the offering, the
Company effected a recapitalization plan whereby all previously outstanding
Class A common stock, Class B common stock and 5% cumulative preferred stock
were converted to 4,050,000 shares of common stock.
On November 12, 1993 the Company assumed from New York Central Mutual Fire
Insurance Company ("New York Central") the administration of Home Mutual
Insurance Company of Binghamton, NY ("Home Mutual") and closed certain other
transactions in connection therewith.
Pursuant to the terms of a Sale, Lease and License Agreement and subsequent
related Letter of Agreement, the Company assumed all of New York Central's
obligations under an Administrative Services Agreement, leased from New York
Central certain computer hardware and received a non-exclusive license to use
certain software and systems, for an aggregate consideration of approximately
$35,000. In addition, pursuant to the terms of a Note Purchase Agreement, the
Company purchased $3 million of Home Mutual's surplus notes held by New York
Central. The Company also loaned $1.5 million to Home Mutual, which loan was
evidenced by a subordinated promissory note from Home Mutual in the principal
amount of $1.5 million. In the second quarter of 1996, the Company purchased an
additional $470,000 of surplus notes from Home Mutual to further support its
insurance operations. In connection with operating difficulties and recent
losses at Home Mutual during 1996, the Company has established a valuation
allowance of $2.6 million against the cost of the surplus notes of $4.97
million. At December 31, 1996, Home Mutual's statutory surplus was $1.55
million. The repayment of these notes and interest is subject to approval by the
Superintendent of the New York Insurance Department. In addition to the purchase
of the notes and assumptions of certain executory contracts by the Company, Home
Mutual executed a Loss Assumption Agreement with New York Central. Under the
terms of this agreement, Home Mutual transferred responsibility for all of the
claims and loss adjustment expense obligations with respect to losses incurred
by it on or prior to September 30, 1993 under policies, contracts, binders and
riders issued by Home Mutual on or prior to such date. See Note 5 to the
"Consolidated Financial Statements" included in this report.
On October 3, 1994, the Company completed the private placement of $17.0
million of ten-year subordinated notes which bear interest at a rate of 11.5%
per annum and have detachable common stock warrants entitling the
5
holders of the warrants to purchase an aggregate of 265,000 shares of common
stock at $13.80 per share which was reduced to $9.52 in 1996 in consideration
for certain modifications to the terms of the notes.
On October 6, 1994, the Company invested $4.0 million in Westbrook
Insurance Company ("Westbrook"), a wholly-owned property and casualty insurer
domiciled in Connecticut. During 1996, the Company contributed an additional
$1.2 million of capital and surplus to Westbrook to support its operations.
On November 9, 1994, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the
outstanding common stock of Pinnacle Insurance Company ("Pinnacle"), a Georgia
domiciled property and casualty insurer for approximately $1.1 million in cash.
During 1994 and 1995, the Company infused an additional $4.8 million of capital
and surplus in Pinnacle to enhance its capital base to support the expansion of
its underwriting operations and, during 1995, appointed several agents to write
personal and commercial auto insurance. During 1996, an additional $1.5 million
of capital and surplus was contributed to Pinnacle by the Company. Pinnacle is
licensed in 28 states.
Unless the context otherwise requires, the term "Company" means Home State
Holdings, Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including, as of the
end of the first quarter of 1995, Merchant Bakers. Home Mutual is not a
subsidiary of the Company and its financial results are not consolidated with
the Company's financial results.
Certain insurance terms used in this report are defined in the Glossary at
the end of this Item 1.
Pooling Arrangements
In 1995 and prior years, the Company's subsidiaries, Home State, Quaker
City, Merchant Bakers, Pinnacle and Westbrook operated as separate entities for
statutory and regulatory reporting purposes. In 1996, two insurance pooling
arrangements were created to facilitate the financial support of the Company's
growth and maximize utilization of its capital and surplus. The first pool, the
Home State National Pool (the "National Pool"), consists of Home State, Quaker
City, Pinnacle and Westbrook. The second pool, the Home State New York Pool (the
"New York Pool"), consists of Merchant Bakers and Home Mutual. Under the pooling
arrangements, the participants share premiums, losses and underwriting expenses
on a pro-rata basis relative to their respective interests. Under the terms of
the New York Pool, Merchant Bakers assumes 85% of the combined underwriting
results of the two companies, with Home Mutual retaining the remaining 15%.
Non-Insurance Companies
In order to enhance its profitability and as a means of providing and
financing additional growth opportunities, during 1994 the Company established
Home State Financial Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Home State
Financial"). Home State Financial owned non-insurance subsidiaries specializing
in premium finance, reinsurance brokerage and general management services. In
1996, the Company reorganized these subsidiaries. As part of such
reorganization, Home State Financial and Home State Insurance Management, Inc.
were merged into the Company. Two of the subsidiaries were or are being
converted to limited liability companies, Aspen Intermediaries L.L.C. and HSIM
L.L.C. See "-Financial Services and Insurance Related Business." The results of
operations for the financial services group are presented separately in Note 17
to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
Premiums and Underwriting
The following table shows direct and assumed premiums written by line of
business for Home State, Quaker City, Pinnacle, Westbrook, Merchant Bakers and
the Company for the periods indicated.
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
------------------- ------------------- -------------------
Amount % Amount % Amount %
-------- --- -------- --- -------- ---
(Dollars in thousands)
Home State:
Personal Auto $ 62,083 77% $ 39,847 59% $ 17,068 41%
Commercial Auto 18,834 23 27,035 41 24,790 59
-------- --- -------- --- -------- ---
Total $ 80,917 100% $ 66,882 100% $ 41,858 100%
======== === ======== === ======== ===
Quaker City:
Personal Auto $ 19,382 80% $ 19,157 68% $ 10,640 66%
Commercial Auto 4,851 20 8,643 32 5,511 34
-------- --- -------- --- -------- ---
Total $ 24,233 100% $ 27,800 100% $ 16,151 100%
======== === ======== === ======== ===
Pinnacle:
(since date of acquisition)
Personal Auto $ 3,062 25% $ 178 4% N/A N/A%
Commercial Auto 9,173 75 4,073 92 $ 204 89
Non-Auto 39 -- 154 4 24 11
-------- --- -------- --- -------- ---
Total $ 12,274 100% $ 4,405 100% $ 228 100%
======== === ======== === ======== ===
Westbrook:
Personal Auto $ 5,354 57% $ 907 31% N/A N/A%
Commercial Auto 4,120 43 2,006 69 N/A N/A
-------- --- -------- --- -------- ---
Total $ 9,474 100% $ 2,913 100% N/A N/A%
======== === ======== === ======== ===
Merchant Bakers:
(since date of acquisition)
Personal Auto $ 25,044 31% $ 188 --% N/A N/A%
Commercial Auto 52,458 65 22,018 96 N/A N/A
Non-Auto 2,967 4 590 4 N/A N/A
-------- --- -------- --- -------- ---
Total $ 80,469 100% $ 22,796 100% N/A N/A%
======== === ======== === ======== ===
The Company (aggregate):
Personal Auto $114,925 55% $ 60,277 48% $ 27,708 48%
Commercial Auto 89,436 43 63,775 51 30,505 52
Non-Auto 3,006 2 744 1 24 --
-------- --- -------- --- -------- ---
Total $207,367 100% $124,796 100% $ 58,237 100%
======== === ======== === ======== ===
The Company has grown its markets from two (New Jersey and Pennsylvania) at
the outset of 1993 to thirty-four at the end of 1996. During the last half of
1996, the Company focused on slowing its growth rate through agency management
actions and changes in product mix, with increased emphasis placed on personal
auto business in order to reduce leverage on surplus and improve operating
efficiencies.
7
Personal Auto Insurance
The Company writes standard and preferred personal auto insurance primarily
in New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Connecticut, West Virginia,
Florida and Georgia. Standard and preferred risks consist of those individuals
in the driving public generally thought to represent less exposure due to age,
driving experience, vehicle type and use factors. The Company's personal auto
underwriting guidelines generally require that all drivers have at least five
years of driving experience, that no driver have an at-fault accident and that
no driver has more than one motor vehicle violation. The Company does not insure
high-powered sports cars, off-road vehicles or motorcycles and issues one year
policies on a direct bill basis to its insureds.
The Company's personal auto marketing strategy has been to select preferred
agencies who had sizable books of standard and preferred risks written either in
assigned risk plans or by insurers exiting the Company's markets. The Company
has sought to offer these agencies better service and standard voluntary market
commissions to induce them to renew these risks with the Company rather than
with their prior carrier. In certain states, the Company has selected smaller
agencies having access to good quality business but limited availability of
alternative standard or preferred carriers. The Company's focus is on standard
and preferred risks which are typically written by large, nationally recognized
insurers. However, a number of these national carriers have either left the
Company's markets or have limited their participation in these markets.
In January 1995, the Company was informed by the New Jersey Insurance
Department that it could no longer remain exempt from the state's
Take-All-Comers ("TAC") laws regarding personal auto insurance as provided under
the Fair Automobile Insurance Reform Act of 1990. In general, TAC requires that
automobile insurers provide coverage to any licensed person having fewer than
nine (9) eligibility points. The Company's underwriting guidelines had
previously specified that the maximum eligibility points allowed for any one
driver to offer insurance was four (4) points.
Since the loss of the exemption from TAC, the Company has accepted personal
auto insurance risks with up to a maximum of eight (8) points under its
underwriting guidelines. With the implementation of TAC, the Company has
experienced an increase in the percentage of its New Jersey personal auto
business with eligibility points of five (5) or more from 1.4% of the total New
Jersey personal auto book in January 1995 to 7.0% at December 1996. In addition,
the number of youthful operators (those drivers under 25 years of age) increased
from 2.1% to 8.0%. Although the actual impact of the loss of the TAC exemption
on the 1996 results for the New Jersey personal auto business was not material,
the loss of the exemption may adversely impact the Company's experience in the
future.
During 1996, Quaker City was admitted to write personal automobile
insurance in New Jersey in order to implement the Company's two-company strategy
for dealing with TAC. Quaker City will assume the Company's TAC obligations at
rates that are substantially higher than Home State's. Home State will resume
its prior role as an insurer of preferred business. Home State's underwriting
guidelines will permit the transfer of certain insured drivers to Quaker City at
renewal. The implementation of the two-company strategy will reduce the
Company's exposure to higher-risk drivers while increasing average vehicle
premiums.
Commercial Auto Insurance
Within the commercial auto insurance market, the Company focuses on
providing auto insurance to public transportation risks, including school buses,
luxury limousines, car services and charter buses. The Company also writes other
classes of commercial auto insurance including local delivery fleets and
artisan's vehicles. The Company does not insure long haul trucking operations or
urban taxi cabs. The Company provides its insureds with physical damage
insurance (comprehensive and collision) as well as liability insurance.
The Company has developed specialty marketing programs for public
transportation risks. These programs include safety programs, driver training
sessions and vehicle maintenance reviews. Participation in these programs is
required of the insured, and adherence to these safety measures may further
benefit the insured through reduced premiums and the Company through reduced
losses. Management believes that it has gained significant market recognition
through these public transportation programs as evidenced by its success in
attracting numerous private
8
school bus accounts. The Company plans to continue to pursue this opportunity as
school districts increasingly replace direct school bus service with private
contract service.
The Company has also penetrated the market for limousine services and
charter bus operations which had historically been written by commercial
assigned risk plans. The Company believes that it has been able to offer more
complete coverage to those risks which meet the Company's qualifications with
regard to loss history, continuity of ownership and low driver turnover.
The Company also writes local service and retail commercial auto risks on a
fleet and non-fleet basis. These risks are generally produced by personal auto
agencies and are underwritten and serviced by the Company in a manner similar to
personal auto insurance.
Insurance Underwriting and Pricing
Personal Auto
The Company controls the underwriting process. The risk must comply with
the Company's own underwriting guidelines. Outside of New Jersey, most agents
have binding authority within the guidelines. Generally, the agency submitting
the risk must have previously insured that risk with another insurer and have a
history of submitting high-quality risks. Careful attention is given to proper
risk classification so as to enable the Company to apply the proper rate for the
Company's exposure.
The Company has developed several methods to ensure compliance with
underwriting guidelines and enforce proper rate classification. First, on a
regular basis, the Company obtains a motor vehicle abstract for each operator of
an insured vehicle. Second, the Company requires verification on insureds who
ask for credits for vehicle alarms, driver training or good student status.
Third, photographs of all insured vehicles eight years or older are required to
prove driveability and photographs of all vehicles valued at $25,000 or higher
are required to obtain physical damage coverage. Fourth, the Company utilizes
industry-wide databases to verify accident histories, household residents and
driving distances. Finally, the Company has established an in-house
investigations unit to check and confirm underwriting and pricing information
directly with applicants and policyholders.
Due to the limited number of insurers actively writing personal auto
insurance in the majority of the Company's key states, price competition, while
a factor, is less acute for personal auto insurance than for commercial auto
insurance.
Commercial Auto
The Company establishes rates for commercial auto policies based on
individual risk loss experience, utilizing advisory rates or prospective loss
costs suggested by the Insurance Services Office Inc., an industry advisory
group. In most instances, the Company's rates, rules and policy forms must be
pre-approved by regulators in all states in which the Company does business.
Management is not aware of any proposed initiatives or regulations to limit or
reduce commercial auto insurance rates in any of the states in which the Company
operates.
In order for the Company to consider underwriting public transportation
commercial auto risks, the agency must submit a minimum of three years of
historical premium and loss data for review. Company safety experts visit all
large accounts either prior to binding or during the sixty day review process
after binding to assess the quality of the risk. If risks are deemed
unacceptable for any reason, they are canceled. Traditionally, the Company has
competed on the basis of price for its commercial auto business by taking
advantage of lower than industry expense ratios. However, due to increased
competition, the Company has chosen not to engage in active price competition as
its sole means of attracting and retaining quality risks.
The Company has centralized its commercial auto underwriting, accounting,
processing and claims administration functions. In contrast, the personal auto
underwriting review process remains predominantly a local function. Management
believes that the effectiveness of its underwriting staff is enhanced with
familiarity with the territories which it serves.
9
Marketing and Production
Personal Auto
The Company markets its personal auto insurance products through
approximately 1,000 independent insurance agencies, approximately 600 of which
have met special qualifying standards and are designated "preferred agencies."
Preferred agencies may submit new business to the Company and are often paid a
higher commission than "non-preferred" agencies. The remaining agencies can only
renew existing policies.
These preferred agencies were selected based upon their historic
profitability, their geographic location and the Company's belief in its ability
to become that agency's primary auto insurer. Management believes that the
Company achieves more profitable results where the Company is the insurer of
choice and receives the agency's best risks.
"Limited agencies" enter into contracts with the Company enabling them to
receive commissions on rollover business only. These limited agencies are
reviewed by the Company's marketing staff and, if they meet the Company's
selection criteria, may be offered preferred agency status.
Commercial Auto
Six independent agencies submitted an aggregate of $70 million of
commercial auto insurance premium in 1996, an amount representing approximately
83% of the Company's total commercial auto premiums. Within this amount, one
general agency submitted approximately $35 million or 41% of commercial auto
premium, while another accounted for $14 million or 17% of total commercial
premium in 1996. Management believes it has a good working relationship with all
of these significant agencies. These agencies also represent other insurance
companies that write public transportation commercial auto insurance.
Reinsurance
The use of reinsurance allows an insurance company to transfer (cede) a
portion of its exposure to a reinsurer which assumes the risk in exchange for a
portion of the premium. This enables the insurer to write additional risks while
maintaining premium to surplus ratios recommended by regulatory authorities and
rating agencies. However, the ceding of reinsurance does not legally discharge
the insurer from its primary liability for the full exposure, and the ceding
company must pay the loss if the assuming company fails to meet its obligations
under the reinsurance agreement. Therefore, a ceding company is subject to
credit risk with respect to its reinsurers. All of the Company's current
reinsurers are rated A- (Excellent) or better by A.M. Best.
The Company historically has ceded a substantial portion of its gross
premiums to enable it to reduce its net premium to surplus ratios to normalized
industry levels. Reinsurers have paid to the Company ceding commissions and
profit sharing in the form of recoveries on the ceded premiums, thereby reducing
the Company's net loss and expense ratios. The volume of reinsurance profit
sharing income is impacted by the amount of premiums ceded to reinsurers as well
as the reinsurers' historical cumulative loss experience on such premiums.
Although adverse loss development retroactively reduces profit sharing income,
such retroactive adjustments cannot exceed the amount of the profit sharing
income previously recognized by the Company on reinsurance premiums.
During 1996, for its physical damage insurance, the Company had in place
quota share treaties under which 40% of both its personal and commercial auto
physical damage risk was ceded to a reinsurer for a like percentage of the
premium. The quota share treaties reinsure the Company's private passenger and
commercial automobile physical damage policies to a maximum of $85,000 and
$125,000, respectively, on any one vehicle. In addition, the Company had in
place a catastrophe reinsurance contract, under which it ceded all liability for
physical damage and property exposures under its policies above a $500,000
attachment point, in addition to a 5% retention on the $19.5 million reinsured
limit. This treaty allows Home State the ability to reinstate such coverage once
during the treaty year for an additional premium. For 1997, these contracts have
been renewed with the Company's reinsurers on substantially similar terms to
those in effect for 1996.
For liability insurance, the Company's 1996 reinsurance program consisted
of excess of loss reinsurance treaties under which it ceded all exposure in
excess of $50,000 per both personal and commercial auto liability
10
occurrence in exchange for a fixed portion of the premium which reflected the
percentage of exposure ceded as well as the reinsurer's experience. The excess
of loss treaties reinsure the Company's private passenger and commercial
automobile liability policies to their maximum written policy limits ($1,200,000
and $5,000,000, respectively, per loss occurrence). In October 1996, the Company
issued $10,000,000 in Preferred Stock to two reinsurance companies. In
connection with the issuance of the Preferred Stock, the Company undertook to
place substantially all of its excess of loss reinsurance with the two companies
at commercially reasonable and actuarially sound rates. See - "Liquidity -
Capital Resources".
In 1996, the Company instituted a quota share reinsurance agreement
covering certain commercial auto liability risks written through Merchant
Bakers, as well as certain personal auto risks carrying lower policy limits.
Management believes that due to lower than average policy limits and a higher
relative frequency of lower losses for the book of business, a quota share
agreement is likely to allow direct and net loss ratios to more closely
approximate each other. As in 1996, the 1997 excess of loss reinsurance treaties
provide the Company reinsurance at a maximum cost which is fixed, with
profitable reinsurance reducing the Company's costs through profit-sharing
payments.
The Company considers numerous factors in choosing reinsurers, the most
important of which is the financial stability of the reinsurer. The Company's
reinsurance intermediary provides the Company with financial profiles of its
reinsurers on a semiannual basis which enables management to continually
evaluate the financial strength of its reinsurers. The evaluation process takes
into consideration the ratings of each reinsurance company as developed by the
major insurance company rating agencies, including A.M. Best, Duff & Phelps,
Moody's and Standard & Poor's. The Company's intermediary also reviews the
annual statutory statements, NAIC IRIS test results, audited financial reports,
insurance department examination reports, loss reserve certifications and
federal securities filings (where applicable) of potential reinsurers. The
Company has not experienced collectibility problems with its reinsurance
recoverables.
In an effort to increase the available statutory surplus in the National
Pool and manage surplus to written premium ratios, the Company effected an
Unearned Premium Reserve ("UPR") Quota Share reinsurance treaty at December 31,
1996. Under the terms of the treaty, the Company ceded $21.9 million of UPR,
which when adjusted for ceding commissions earned by the Company, increased
available statutory surplus in the National Pool by $7.1 million.
Management of Exposure to Catastrophe Losses
The Company is exposed to multiple insured losses arising out of a single
occurrence, such as a natural or man-made catastrophe. Such an event may
generate insured losses in the Company's personal and/or commercial operations.
As with all property and casualty insurers, the Company expects to incur
some losses related to catastrophes and seeks to price its products accordingly.
The Company's exposure to catastrophe losses arises principally out of
hurricanes, windstorms, floods, fires, snow storms and explosions. The Company
manages its exposure to such losses from an underwriting perspective by limiting
the accumulation of known risks in exposed geographic areas and from a
reinsurance perspective by purchase of catastrophe reinsurance.
Losses from coverage other than property insurance may also occur from an
event giving rise to catastrophe losses. For example, an ice storm could cause
liability losses to occur. As is common in the industry, the Company estimates
its "probable maximum loss" from any one act and coordinates its underwriting
guidelines and reinsurance covers to limit its "probable maximum loss" exposure.
No assurance can be given that the probable maximum loss estimated by the
Company will not materially either understate or overstate the possible losses
to the Company which could be generated by such events.
Claims
Claims Management
During 1996, claims volume increased steadily throughout the year requiring
a continuous expansion of space and staff. In order to manage the increase in
volume and improve customer service, management modified the physical plant for
claims processing to include three specialized service centers. Claims relating
to Merchant Bakers are
11
processed in the Company's New York City claims center, where its staff of
adjusters are experienced in the handling of commercial auto claims which make
up the significant portion of Merchant Bakers book of business. Home State and
Quaker City claims are managed in the Shrewsbury, New Jersey claims center where
its adjusters are building an increased specialization in personal auto claims.
There is also a full service claims center in Carrollton, Georgia which handles
claims for policyholders located in the Company's southeastern markets.
During 1996, the Company effected an 80% increase in the claims staff to
provide the infra-structure to support the historical rapid growth. Issues
relating to proper infra-structure, claims management and claims information
systems continue to receive management's attention in continuing efforts to
enhance quality, upgrade customer service and increase efficiency.
In August 1996, the company hired a Senior Vice President of Claims, who
immediately focused on stabilizing the claims staff and improving the quality
and efficiency of the department. To support the need to attract and retain
quality personnel, the Company has initiated a comprehensive claims training
program, including a "career path" program for trainees, which focuses on
providing claims personnel with the foundation to build successful careers. The
program has proven to be successful in retaining quality employees.
The Company has significantly reduced its reliance on independent vendors
to appraise vehicle damage. The Company's own staff of appraisers now handle 70%
of all vehicle inspections, under an automated process, as well as policing the
work product of independent appraisers and automobile body shops. The Company is
piloting a "drive-in" appraisal location which, if successful, is expected to be
expanded to other areas. A network of approved automobile repair facilities has
been established to help customers obtain quality repairs more quickly as an
enhancement to the streamlined inspection and appraisal process.
The Company has sought to improve the effectiveness of the claims process.
This will allow the Company to focus the correct resources on the appropriate
types of claims to maximize results. The Company believes that litigated claims
need to be properly managed. To help control allocated loss adjustment expenses,
the Company has upgraded its litigation management guidelines to provide
stringent litigation management performance standards for all claims personnel
as well as outside defense counsel. It is expected that by increasing
accountability, costs will be reduced and results improved. In addition, the
Company continues to resist fraud by emphasizing fraud awareness training,
maintaining a properly staffed Special Investigations Unit ("SIU") and by
providing policyholder education. In 1996, these efforts are estimated to have
resulted in the denial of approximately $750,000 in fraudulent or inflated
claims.
Loss Reserves
Loss reserves include provision for the cost of settling reported claims
and the related loss adjustment expenses, as well as a provision for claims
incurred but not reported.
In establishing reserves for reported claims and LAE, the Company's claim
adjusters, on a case by case basis, consider the severity of the injury or
property damage.
Due to the rapid premium growth and limited historical claims experience,
in establishing reserves for IBNR, the Company has relied predominantly on
industry average loss experience on a state by state basis. This industry
experience has been adjusted for the anticipated impact of the Company's
underwriting standards, rate classification methodology standards and claims
controls, and, where appropriate, on its own experience. The Company's total
reserves were estimated using both paid and incurred loss development methods
given the significant changes in the level of case basis reserves at December
31, 1996.
12
The following table sets forth a reconciliation of beginning and ending
reserves, net of reinsurance recoverable, as shown on the Company's consolidated
financial statements.
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993
-------- ------- ------- -------
(Dollars in thousands)
Reserves for losses and LAE at beginning of year $ 45,209 $18,410 $13,735 $ 8,480
Reserves for losses and LAE assumed in respect of
Pinnacle acquisition -- -- 3,068 --
Reserves for losses and LAE assumed in respect of
Merchant Bakers acquisition -- 9,545 -- --
-------- ------- ------- -------
45,209 27,955 16,803 8,480
-------- ------- ------- -------
Incurred losses and LAE:
Provision for insured events of the current year 89,038 45,065 21,559 14,970
Increase in provision for insured events of
prior years 23,357 4,241 1,134 1,185
-------- ------- ------- -------
Total incurred losses and LAE 112,395 49,306 22,693 16,155
-------- ------- ------- -------
Payments:
Losses and LAE attributable to insured events of
the current year 39,286 16,466 10,365 5,927
Losses and LAE attributable to insured events of
prior years 35,554 15,586 10,721 4,973
-------- ------- ------- -------
Total payments 74,840 32,052 21,086 10,900
-------- ------- ------- -------
Reserves for losses and LAE at end of year $ 82,764 $45,209 $18,410 $13,735
======== ======= ======= =======
"Reserve for losses and LAE" sets forth the estimated liability for unpaid
losses and loss adjustment expenses recorded at the balance sheet date for each
of the indicated years. This liability represents the estimated amount of losses
and loss adjustment expenses for claims arising in the current and all prior
years that are unpaid at the balance sheet date, including losses incurred but
not reported, net of reinsurance.
13
Loss Development in 1996
The following table discloses the cumulative development of the
liability for net losses and LAE of the Company from 1988 through 1996.
As of December 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
(Dollars in thousands)
Net reserve for losses and LAE $156 $334 $1,203 $3,574 $8,480 $13,735 $18,410 $ 45,209 $82,764
Paid (cumulative) as of:
One year later 160 323 825 1,470 3,984 4,012 15,460 35,554
Two years later 160 323 1,125 2,635 6,726 10,446 18,564
Three years later 160 323 1,246 3,664 9,217 14,248
Four years later 160 323 1,446 4,391 10,578
Five years later 160 323 1,631 4,545
Six years later 160 323 1,518
Seven years later 160 321
Eight years later 160
Net liability re-estimated as of:
One year later 160 356 1,289 3,223 8,828 14,048 21,609 68,566
Two years later 160 324 1,292 3,513 9,753 14,994 25,659
Three years later 160 329 1,377 4,262 10,547 17,266
Four years later 160 329 1,533 4,601 11,607
Five years later 160 334 1,742 4,954
Six years later 160 334 1,777
Seven years later 160 333
Eight years later 160
Net cumulative redundancy
(deficiency)
Dollar ($4) $1 ($574) ($330) ($3,127) ($3,531) $(7,249) ($ 23,357)
Percentage (0.03) 0.00 (0.48) (0.48) (0.37) (0.26) (0.39) (0.52)
Gross estimated liability-end of year $44,957 $ 95,790 $179,955
Estimated reinsurance recoverable (26,547) (50,581) (97,191)
------- -------- --------
Estimated net liability - end of year $18,410 $ 45,209 $ 82,764
======= ======== ========
One year later
Gross re-estimated liability $53,489 $127,652
Re-estimated recoverable (31,880) (59,086)
======= ========
Net re-estimated liability $21,609 $ 68,566
======= ========
Two years later
Gross re-estimated liability $55,513
Re-estimated recoverable (29,854)
-------
Net re-estimated liability $25,659
=======
Gross cumulative deficiency - latest (10,556) (31,862)
======= ========
14
The "Paid (cumulative) as of" portion of the table shows the cumulative
losses and loss adjustment expenses made in succeeding years for losses incurred
prior to the balance sheet date.
The "liability re-estimated as of" portion of the table shows the
re-estimated amount of the previously recorded liability based on experience for
each succeeding year. The estimate is increased or decreased as payment are made
and as more information becomes known about the severity of remaining unpaid
claims.
"Cumulative deficiency" shows the cumulative deficiency for each year at
December 31, 1996 of the reserve estimate shown in the top line of the table. A
redundancy means that the reserves established in prior years exceeded actual
losses and loss adjustment expenses were re-evaluated at less than the
originally reserved amount. A deficiency means that the reserves established in
prior years were less than the actual losses and loss adjustment expenses or
were re-evaluated at more than the originally reserved amount.
Certain prior year amounts in the table above have been revised to reflect
certain immaterial changes in presentation.
The process of estimating the ultimate liability for losses and LAE has
been a particular challenge for the Company due to the significant growth in
business, which has resulted in a substantial increase in claims reported. As
discussed above, while the Company's loss experience continues to develop, the
IBNR provision has been calculated by reference to industry loss development
factors, adjusted for the company experience where appropriate.
As can be noted from the table above, there have been significant
differences between the actual losses and the Company's reserve estimates, with
adverse loss reserve development in 1996 related to 1995 and prior accident
years of approximately $23 million.
During the second quarter of 1996, the Company noted a significant increase
in the volume of reported claims falling below the reinsurance attachment
points, over and above the frequency anticipated in its calculation of loss
reserves. At the same time, the Company conducted a thorough overall
re-evaluation of its business plan and the profitability of the underlying
business. As a result, management increased reserves by $12 million in the
second quarter, predominantly within IBNR. This reserve increase was primarily
related to the 1995 and 1994 accident years, although an element was
attributable to the winter storms of 1996.
In the remainder of 1996, the Company continued to reassess its current and
prior year loss experience. In addition to addressing loss reserving and growth
issues, the Company also strengthened senior management and supervisory
personnel in claims administration, as well as employing an internal actuary to
assist with loss reserving estimates and pricing of risks (see Item 4A -
"Executive Officers of the Registrant"). As a result of the reassessment, the
Company made significant additional reserve increases in the fourth quarter of
1996, relating mainly to 1995 and 1996 accident year claims.
As part of this reassessment, in the fourth quarter of 1996 the Company
undertook a comprehensive review of its case reserves. The review of open case
reserves was concurrent with the hiring of a Senior Vice President of Claims and
the initiation of a new case reserving philosophy. The new case reserving
philosophy is based on earlier recognition of the ultimate settlement value for
a given claim. For example, while information concerning the comparative
negligence of the persons involved in the loss is still utilized in establishing
reserves, it receives less emphasis than before. The Company still evaluates all
provisions of the policy, anticipated net effect of salvage and subrogation, the
ultimate settlement value and, where appropriate, the opinion of outside counsel
and claims consultants.
Management's emphasis in the fourth quarter of 1996 was to ensure that the
new case reserving philosophy was fully implemented in all open claim files.
During this process, the Company also implemented a formula reserve program for
its new claims as well as more aggressive practices in managing pending claims
file count per adjuster. These actions have resulted in greater case reserves
being established quicker than in the past. The changes in case reserving were
taken into account in setting the assumptions used in calculating the Company's
total loss reserve requirement at December 31, 1996.
15
Of the total $23 million adverse development on 1995 and prior accident
years, approximately $10.2 million is due to losses in Merchant Bakers. This
adverse development includes 85% of the adverse development of Home Mutual under
the pooling arrangement which commenced on January 1, 1996 and losses relating
to the period prior to the acquisition of Merchant Bakers by the Company in
1995.
Certain Actions To Improve Profitability
New case reserving philosophies provide the Company with a more timely
assessment of the loss characteristics of the Company's book of business. The
change in claim reserving has assisted the Company in managing its policy
renewal and growth efforts, particularly in the more competitive commercial
lines business. It is continuing to identify and non-renew commercial accounts
which have exhibited poor loss characteristics, in addition to holding prices
where possible in a highly competitive environment.
Other recent initiatives include a comprehensive claims management program,
designed with the assistance of the Company's reinsurers to assist in reducing
the pending file counts, thereby providing company staff adjusters the ability
to focus on more recent accident year claims. The Company's goal is to reduce
the period of time between when a claim is reported and when it is settled. One
focus of claims management in 1997 will continue to be enhancement of operating
practices to improve efficiency.
Future Loss Experience
The Company is committed to maintaining adequate loss reserves and has
continued in 1996 to take actions necessary to ensure the strength of its
balance sheet. However, the process of estimating the ultimate liability for
losses and LAE is imprecise and is subject to many variables beyond the
Company's control. Furthermore, factors such as future inflation, claim
settlement patterns, legislative activity and litigation trends may have a
substantial impact on the Company's future loss experience.
Investments
The Company's investment policies are set by the Board of Directors. The
investment portfolio is managed by Woodhaven Investors Inc., an investment
management firm owned by two of the Company's stockholder/Directors.
The Company has structured and maintained its investment portfolio in order
to service current operational and liquidity requirements, while considering the
Company's increase in premium writings and statutory surplus. The Company
maintains a significant portion of its assets in high quality, fixed income
investments with short maturities and generally does not invest in commercial
real estate, mortgages or illiquid securities. The primary objectives of the
Company's investment strategies are to generate income, preserve capital and
maintain adequate liquidity. The Company continually evaluates the purchase of
tax-advantaged investments as a means to enhance after-tax portfolio yields
based on the varying tax positions of the purchasing entity. Management believes
that the investment portfolio has and will continue to provide sufficient
capital resources to meet ongoing operational and liquidity requirements.
In structuring the investment portfolio, the Company attempts to match
average maturities with the anticipated payments relative to the development of
losses as well as other general operating requirements. Management believes that
average maturities have been and continue to be suited to the actual and
anticipated liquidity needs of the Company. At December 31, 1996, the Company
maintained approximately 83% of its fixed maturity securities in instruments
with maturities of five years or less. Management believes that the current
maturity schedule offers sufficient protection of portfolio values in the event
of a significant change in interest rates when considering the factors of
market, credit and reinvestment risk as well as anticipated corporate liquidity
requirements. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources."
The guidelines established by the Company's Board of Directors provide for
investments in those fixed income instruments which appear to be most fairly
valued based on rated quality, maturity and yield spread relationships. The
Company policy guidelines and concern for quality has produced an investment
portfolio with an average Standard and Poor's ("S & P") rating of AA. At
December 31, 1996, substantially all securities in the Company's portfolio
carried an S & P rating of A or better. With the operating losses generated in
1996, the Company is purchasing an increased percentage of taxable securities to
increase the overall yield on the investment portfolio and take advantage of
available loss carry-forward benefits. The Company does not invest in derivative
securities.
16
The following table shows the components of the Company's fixed maturity
investment portfolio at the dates shown on the basis of their carrying value
(cost for held-to-maturity securities and market value for available for sale
securities) and short term investments, which are carried at cost approximating
market and common stocks which are carried at quoted market prices.
December 31, 1996 December 31, 1995
--------------------- -------------------
Amount Percent Amount Percent
------- ------- ------ -------
(Dollars in thousands)
Fixed maturity securities:
States, municipalities and political $53,669 58.7% $55,017 69.8%
subdivisions
Government obligations 4,301 4.7 14,352 18.2
Corporate securities 21,638 23.7 6,269 8.0
------- ----- ------- -----
Total fixed maturity securities 79,608 87.1 75,638 96.0
Common stock 407 0.4 -- --
Short term investments 11,359 12.5 3,157 4.0
------- ----- ------- -----
Total investments $91,374 100.0% $78,795 100.0%
======= ===== ======= =====
The following table sets forth contractual maturities for the fixed
maturity securities at December 31, 1996 and 1995:
December 31, 1996 December 31, 1995
--------------------- -------------------
Amount Percent Amount Percent
------- ------- ------ -------
(Dollars in thousands)
Maturity:
One year or less $ 9,988 12.5% $18,897 25.0%
Over 1 year through 5 years 56,260 70.7 42,142 55.7
Over 5 years through 10 years 12,719 16.0 13,960 18.5
Over 10 years 641 .8 639 0.8
------- ----- ------- -----
Total $79,608 100.0% $75,638 100.0%
------- ----- ------- -----
As of December 31, 1996, fixed maturity securities, short term investments
and cash together accounted for 98% of the Company's investment portfolio. The
effective net yield decreased from 5.8% for 1995 to 5.5% for 1996. See
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations" and Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Systems and Operations
In order to meet the growing requirements posed by the Company's geographic
expansion, a significant investment in information systems was undertaken in
1994. The Company has put into place a processing system on a common platform
that management believes will allow for decreasing marginal processing costs.
For its commercial auto systems requirements, the Company operates the WINS
system from Wheatly Systems Group, Inc. The WINS system, which runs on the IBM
A/S 400, provides the Company with an integrated underwriting, claims management
and reinsurance information system which management believes will support
projected premium levels for the foreseeable future. The implementation of WINS
was undertaken in the third quarter of 1994, with the first lines of business
becoming operational in January 1995. During 1995, the Company transferred
substantially all remaining commercial auto business to the WINS System and
initiated the transition of its personal auto business. Because of the
integrated approach to system-wide data processing offered by WINS and the
movement of the Company's personal auto business to the WINS platform,
management believes that a cost advantage will be maintained as operations
migrate to the WINS system.
17
In 1993, for its personal auto insurance data processing needs, the Company
contracted with CIGNA Information Systems, a division of CIGNA Corporation. The
system performs policy issuance, premium billing, commissions and claims
information management functions as well as full management information
capabilities. During 1996, the Company initiated the transition of the personal
lines processing from the CIGNA system to the WINS system on a renewal basis
which will decrease processing costs from those incurred under the CIGNA
contract. Effective October 1, 1997, all personal auto will be processed by
WINS.
The Company's accounting, processing and claims administration functions
are substantially centralized. Management believes that centralization of these
functions creates and maintains economies of scale, with a favorable impact on
the Company's fixed underwriting costs. Reducing fixed underwriting costs has a
positive impact on the Company's expense ratios and enables it to compete more
effectively in its core lines of business. Moreover, management believes that
centralization enables the Company's subsidiaries to have access to the
Company's core of competent and qualified staff.
Financial Services and Insurance-Related Business
In order to enhance its profitability and as a means of providing
additional growth opportunities in the future, the Company engages in
insurance-related financial services through three direct subsidiaries.
Tower Hill, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Tower Hill"), was organized in
1993 to provide premium finance services to insureds of the Company's insurance
affiliates. Tower Hill is currently licensed in New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania and Delaware and is actively seeking admittance in certain other
states in which the Company has insurance operations to conduct premium finance
activities. Tower Hill collects a down payment from the borrower/insured and
will generally finance up to 80% of the insurance directly collateralized by the
unearned premium held by the insurance carrier. The Company has established a
policy to ensure that at all times the unearned premium on policies financed by
Tower Hill will exceed the unpaid principal on the finance contract relating
thereto, thereby minimizing Tower Hill's credit risk associated with such
activities. During 1996, Tower Hill earned approximately $1.5 million in
financing and late charges revenue and had pre-tax income of $536,000.
Tower Hill has a service agreement with Premium Payment Plan, Inc., of
Hudson, New York ("PPP"), whereby PPP provides all back office and
administrative services for a variable fee based on the total income from
premium finance contracts in force, with such fees declining as income
increases. The Company believes that this arrangement provides greater
flexibility and servicing capability for Tower Hill's scope of operations, while
avoiding the need for separate computer systems and staffing.
In March 1997, the Company was informed by the banks that financing to
Tower Hill would be discontinued given certain defaults under existing credit
agreements. The Company had been notified of such discontinuance in available
financing after the completion of the February renewal cycle for "for hire"
livery vehicles in the state of New York. These premiums accounted for
approximately $15 million in face value of contracts, net of down payments
collected from insureds of approximately 30% of the face amount of the subject
policy. Tower Hill has approached the New York Insurance Department to approve
the assignment of contracts currently held by Tower Hill to Merchant Bakers in
satisfaction of the obligation owing to Merchant Bakers for the advancement of
the remaining policy premium, net of amounts collected at the inception of the
finance agreement. This assignment would transfer all rights, title and interest
in the premium finance agreements to Merchant Bakers to the extent that such
contracts were initiated for insureds of Merchant Bakers. Merchant Bakers would
retain the right to cancel policies covered under the assigned agreements, as
well as earn additional income from the collection of financing fees and
late/reinstatement charges. Tower Hill has instituted a moratorium on the
submission of any new premium finance business until such time as adequate
financing is obtained. While management intends to seek additional financing, no
assurances can be given that such financing will be secured. All policies will
continue to be serviced by Premium Payment Plan under substantially the same
agreement as existed in 1996.
Aspen Intermediaries, a New Jersey company ("Aspen"), provides reinsurance
brokerage and intermediary services to the Company's insurance affiliates, and
may, in the future provide such services to non-affiliated insurance companies.
Aspen has been granted authority to provide reinsurance brokerage and
18
intermediary services in New Jersey. During 1996, Aspen earned approximately
$2.1 million in brokerage fee revenue for assisting in the placement of the
Company's reinsurance programs and those of Home Mutual and had pre-tax income
of $2.1 million.
HSIM, L.L.C., ("HSIM") a New Jersey limited liability company, was
organized as a vehicle to provide certain administrative services to insurance
companies. The Company has assigned to HSIM the Administrative Services
Agreement between the Company and Home Mutual. During 1994, the Company conveyed
certain furniture, fixtures, computer equipment and software licensing
agreements to HSIM, as well as assigning certain leases and other executory
contracts to facilitate HSIM's services to the insurance subsidiaries of the
Company and Home Mutual.
Regulation
Insurance Company Regulation
The Company's insurance subsidiaries are subject to extensive regulation
and supervision by the insurance departments of the states in which they do
business. Although the scope varies from state to state, insurance laws in
general grant broad powers to supervisory agencies or officials to examine
companies and to enforce rules or exercise discretion affecting almost every
significant aspect of the insurance business. This regulatory oversight
includes, by way of example, matters relating to licensing and examination, rate
setting, trade practices, policy forms, limitations on the nature and amount of
certain investments, claims practices, mandated participation in involuntary
insurance programs and guaranty funds, reserve adequacy, insurer solvency,
transactions between affiliates, the amount of dividends that may be paid and
restrictions on underwriting standards. At present, all of the Company's
subsidiaries are subject to insurance regulation within their respective states
of domicile.
All of the states in which the Company does business have guaranty fund
laws under which insurers doing business in such states can be assessed a
percentage of annual premiums written by the insurer in that state in order to
fund policyholder liabilities of insolvent property and casualty insurance
companies. Under these laws, in general, an insurer is subject to assessment,
depending upon its market share of a given line of business, to assist in the
payment of policyholder and third party claims against insolvent insurers.
Insurance companies are required to file detailed annual reports with state
insurance regulators in each of the states in which they do business, and their
business and accounts are subject to examination by such agencies at any time.
In addition, these insurance regulators periodically (typically, every three
years) examine the insurer's financial condition, adherence to statutory
accounting principles, and compliance with insurance department rules and
regulations. The most recent examination of Home State contained no
recommendations. Quaker City is presently undergoing examination of its 1995
year by the Pennsylvania Insurance Department. Quaker City's most recent
completed examination covering its 1991 year contained one recommendation with
which the Company has since complied. Pinnacle, Merchant Bakers and Home Mutual
are presently undergoing examinations of their 1995 and 1996 years by the
Georgia Insurance Department and the New York Insurance Department,
respectively. Westbrook has not yet undergone such an examination since its
ownership by the Company.
The insurance subsidiaries of the Company are required by the applicable
insurance codes of the states in which they operate to file rates and policy
forms in connection with their insurance products with the relevant insurance
department. In all of these states and in most instances, such rates and/or
policy forms must be approved prior to use. Rates vary by class of business,
hazard assumed and size of risk and are not necessarily uniform for all
insurers. Many state insurance codes require the inclusion of specified
provisions in policies issued or delivered in the state and restrict the ability
of an insurer to cancel or non-renew policies, particularly with respect to
personal auto insurance. During 1994, Merchant Bakers was informed by the New
York Insurance Department of violations regarding commercial rate filings on
certain of Merchant Bakers' lines of business. Upon being informed of such,
Merchant Bakers took all corrective actions necessary to address such issues. In
approving Merchant Bakers' rate filings, the New York Insurance Department
required the payment of a one-time penalty in the amount of $117,000. This
amount was paid during 1994.
The payment of dividends by the Company is primarily dependent on any
dividends it may receive as the stockholder of its subsidiaries. The payment of
dividends by these subsidiaries is subject to, among other things, the statutory
and regulatory restrictions of the states in which these subsidiaries are
domiciled and conduct business.
19
Generally, these states limit dividends in any year to an amount not exceeding
the greater of (i) 10% of statutory surplus as of the end of the preceding year
or (ii) net investment income for the preceding year, with larger dividends
payable only upon prior regulatory approval. In addition, insurance regulatory
authorities have broad discretion to limit the payment of dividends by insurance
companies. See Note 14 to Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company
currently intends to retain any funds otherwise available for the payment of
common stock dividends for use in the operation of its business. Accordingly, it
does not anticipate paying cash dividends on the shares of Common Stock in the
foreseeable future. See "Item 5 - Market for the Registrant's Common Equity and
Related Stockholder Matters."
Insurance Holding Company Regulation
Most states have enacted legislation that regulates insurance holding
company systems. Each insurance company in the holding company system is
required to register with the insurance supervisory agency of its state of
domicile and furnish information concerning the operations of the companies
within the holding company system that may materially affect the operations,
management or financial condition of the insurers within the system. Pursuant to
these laws, the respective insurance departments may examine the Company and its
insurance subsidiaries at any time, require disclosure of material transactions
by the holding company and require prior approval of certain transactions, such
as "extraordinary dividends" from the insurance subsidiaries to the Company.
20
The acquisition or change of "control" of an insurer, or of any person who
directly or indirectly controls an insurer, cannot be consummated without the
prior approval of the applicable insurance regulator. In general, a presumption
of "control" arises from the ownership or other control of 10% or more of the
voting securities of an insurer or a person that controls an insurer, although
"control" may be found to exist where a person owns or controls a lesser amount
of securities. No person, therefore, may acquire, directly or indirectly, 10% or
more of the Common Stock of the Company without regulatory approval. All
transactions within the holding company system affecting the Company and its
insurance subsidiaries must be fair and equitable. These insurance laws also
require notice to the applicable insurance commissioner of certain other
material transactions between an insurer and any person in its holding company
system and, in some states, certain of such transactions cannot be consummated
without prior approval.
NAIC Regulation
In addition to state-imposed insurance laws and regulations, the Company's
insurance subsidiaries are subject to the general statutory accounting practices
and reporting formats established by the NAIC. The NAIC also promulgates model
insurance laws and regulations relating to the financial and operational
regulation of insurance companies. These rules and regulations generally are not
directly applicable to an insurance company until they are adopted by applicable
state legislatures and departments of insurance. The NAIC has developed
risk-based capital formulas to be applied to all insurance companies, which
formulas calculate a minimum required statutory net worth, based on the
underwriting, investment and other business risks inherent in an individual
company's operations. Risk-based capital standards for property and casualty
insurers were finalized by the NAIC in principle in December 1993 and were
effective with regard to 1994 statutory financial statement filings. The capital
of each of the Company's insurance subsidiaries exceeded the risk-based capital
requirements of the NAIC at December 31, 1996.
Personal Auto Insurance Regulation
In recent years, the automobile insurance industry has been under pressure
from certain state regulators, legislators and special interest groups to
reduce, freeze or set rates at levels that do not, in management's view,
correspond with underlying costs for the provision of such services, including
initiatives to roll back automobile insurance rates. Initiatives designed to
increase the availability of personal auto insurance coverage have also been
enacted or considered which might, in the future, adversely affect the
profitability of the Company's personal auto insurance line of business. The
impact of the automobile insurance regulatory environment on the Company's
results of operations in the future is not predictable.
The New Jersey State and General Assembly approved the enactment of the
Fair Automobile Insurance Reform Act of 1990 ("FAIRA"). FAIRA limited benefits,
reduced premiums, forced insurers who wrote auto insurance in New Jersey between
1982 and 1986 to depopulate the JUA and adopted modified TAC provisions limiting
the range of permissible underwriting criteria. The Company was exempt from
these actions. FAIRA also abolished the JUA, replacing it initially with a
Market Transition Facility ("MTF") and in 1993 with an assigned risk plan. FAIRA
established a series of assessments and surtaxes on auto insurers to reduce the
JUA deficit. Surtaxes ceased in 1992 and assessments will expire in 1997, unless
otherwise revised by the New Jersey Insurance Department.
In January 1995, the Company was informed by the New Jersey Insurance
Department that it could no longer remain exempt from the state's Take All
Comers laws ("TAC") regarding personal auto insurance as provided under the Fair
Automobile Insurance Act of 1990. In general, TAC requires that automobile
insurers provide coverage to any licensed person having fewer than nine (9)
eligibility points. The Company's underwriting guidelines had previously
specified that the maximum eligibility points allowed for any one driver to
offer insurance was four (4) points.
As part of its strategy to manage the anticipated changes in the size and
make-up of its New Jersey personal auto insurance book, the Company has secured
the admission of its Quaker City subsidiary to the State of New Jersey as a
"second-tier" market. Quaker City's base pricing is substantially higher than
Home State's base pricing. The Company's newly-approved underwriting guidelines
in the State of New Jersey will allow the Company to comply with the TAC
requirements by referring this business to its higher-priced Quaker City
subsidiary.
Regulation of Premium Finance Companies
Tower Hill's operation is subject to regulation by each state in which it
operates. State regulation governs the licensing, administration and supervision
of premium finance companies. State statutes and regulations generally limit
service and other charges a premium finance company may charge, govern the form
and content of finance contracts
21
with customers, limit the interest rate charged and govern down payment,
delinquency, collection, cancellation and late charges, including the collection
of attorneys' fees and require approval of management and ownership changes.
Regulation of Reinsurance Brokers and Intermediaries
Aspen and its successor are subject to regulation by each state in which it
operates. In addition, Aspen is subject to model laws and regulations
promulgated by the NAIC which have been adopted by most state legislatures and
departments of insurance. Generally, such regulations govern the licensing,
administration and supervision of brokers and intermediaries, including their
fiduciary obligations with respect to funds received or collected by them. Aspen
has entered into a contract with its co-broker for the provision of certain
administrative services by such co-broker to ensure the continued high level of
services that the Company and its subsidiaries receive.
Competition
The Company's market focus is to provide auto insurance to individuals,
small businesses and corporate transportation risks. There are many property and
casualty insurance companies in the United States writing auto insurance.
Companies which write auto insurance generally compete on the basis of price,
service and ratings. There are a number of companies in the auto insurance
industry which have more capital than the Company which may allow them to
sustain lower prices for a longer period of time. Increased competition from
other insurance companies may adversely affect the Company's ability to do
business in a profitable manner.
A.M. Best Rating
The ratings of the Company's National and New York Pools by A.M. Best, an
insurance company rating service, were recently reduced to "C", which could have
an adverse effect on the Company's competitive position. See "Item 7 -
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations - Overview and - Safe Harbor Disclosure."
Employees
The Company and its subsidiaries employed 334 persons on December 31,
1996.
22
GLOSSARY OF SELECTED INSURANCE TERMS
Book rollovers............. The acquisition of renewal rights, upon regulatory
approval, to personal auto risks previously
written by other insurers in connection with their
withdrawal from particular markets.
Cash reserve............... The estimated liability of an insurer, at a given
point in time, with respect to losses that have
been incurred and reported to the insurer.
Cede....................... To transfer to an insurer or a reinsurer all or
a part of the insurance or reinsurance written by
an insurance or reinsurance entity.
Combined ratio............. The sum of the expense ratio and the loss ratio,
determined in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles or statutory accounting
principles. A combined ratio under 100% generally
indicates an underwriting profit and a combined
ratio over 100% generally indicates an
underwriting loss. The extent by which the
combined ratio deviates from 100% indicates
relative underwriting profit or loss.
Commercial multi-peril
insurance................ Insurance policies that provide comprehensive
protection to businesses, including coverage for
property damage from fire, lightning, windstorm
and certain other perils, for losses from crime,
and for liability for personal injury to others.
Direct premiums
written.................. Total premiums written by an insurer other than
premiums for reinsurance assumed by an insurer.
Dividend ratio............. Under statutory accounting, the ratio of dividends
to policyholders to net earned premium.
Earned premiums............ The portion of net premiums written applicable to
the expired period of policies.
Expense ratio (GAAP)....... The ratio of underwriting expenses (including
general operating expenses and any reinsurance
ceding commissions but excluding the amortization
of excess of costs over the fair value of net
assets acquired) to net premiums earned (including
recoveries on reinsurance premiums).
FAIRA...................... The New Jersey Fair Auto Insurance Reform Act,
passed in 1990.
Generally accepted
accounting principles
(GAAP)..................... Accounting practices and principles as defined by
the American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants and the Financial Accounting Standards
Board. GAAP is the method of accounting typically
used for reporting to persons or entities other
than insurance regulatory authorities.
Gross written
premiums................. The total premiums on all policies written by an
insurer during a specified period of time without
any reduction for acquisition costs, reinsurance
costs or other deductions.
Incurred losses............ The sum of losses paid plus the change in the
estimated liability for claims which have been
reported but which have not been settled and
claims which have occurred but have not yet been
reported to the insurer.
23
Incurred but not reported
(IBNR) loss reserves..... The estimated liability of an insurer, at a given
point in time, with respect to losses that have
been incurred but not yet reported to the insurer
and for potential future developments on reported
claims.
Industry combined
ratio.................... This is a broad measure of the property and
casualty insurance industry's performance for a
particular period as compiled by the A.M. Best
Company, Inc. A comparison of a company's combined
ratio with the industry combined ratio does not
necessarily indicate that a company has performed
well or poorly as compared to its peers.
Insurance Regulatory
Information System
(IRIS)................... The rating system developed by NAIC to assist
state insurance departments in overseeing the
financial condition of insurance companies.
Insurance risks:
preferred, standard,
non-standard............. Categories of underwriting classifications for
risk selection and pricing. The classifications
consider the loss experience, the degree of hazard
and loss frequency potential. Preferred risks have
an absence of prior losses, low degrees of hazard,
and/or low loss frequency potential. Standard
risks have average loss experience, moderate
degree of hazard and/or moderate loss frequency
potential. Non-standard risks have above average
loss experience, a higher degree of hazard and/or
higher loss frequency potential.
Insurance underwriting..... The process whereby an insurer reviews
applications submitted for insurance coverage and
determines whether it will accept all or part of
the coverage being requested and what the
applicable premiums should be. Underwriting also
includes an ongoing review of existing policies
and their pricing.
Insurance underwriting
expenses................. The aggregate of policy acquisition costs and the
portion of administrative, general and other
expenses attributable to underwriting operations.
Insurance underwriting
profit (loss)............ The excess (deficiency), determined under
statutory accounting practices, resulting from the
difference between earned premiums and the sum of
incurred losses, loss expenses and underwriting
expenses.
Loss adjustment
expenses (LAE)........... The expenses of investigating and settling claims,
including legal fees, outside adjustment expenses
and other general expenses of administering the
claims adjustment process.
Loss ratio (GAAP).......... The ratio of incurred losses and loss adjustment
expenses to net premiums earned (including
recoveries on reinsurance premiums).
Loss reserves.............. The estimated liability of an insurer, at a given
point in time, with respect to unpaid incurred
losses, including losses which are incurred but
not yet reported (IBNR), and related loss
adjustment expenses.
24
National Association of
Insurance Commissioners
(NAIC)................... A voluntary organization of state insurance
officials that promulgates model laws regulating
the insurance industry, values securities owned by
insurers, develops and modifies insurer financial
reporting statements and insurer performance
criteria, and performs other services with respect
to the insurance industry.
Net premiums written....... The portion of direct premiums written retained by
an insurer after adding assumed reinsurance
premiums and deducting premiums on business ceded.
Net underwriting gain...... Earned premium less net losses (including loss
adjustment expenses) incurred and policy
acquisition costs and other underwriting expenses.
Personal and commercial
automobile............... Insurance policies that provide protection against
liability for bodily injury and property damage
arising from automobile accidents, and provide
protection against loss from damage to automobiles
owned by the insured.
Policyholders' (or
statutory) surplus....... Total admitted assets less total liabilities, as
determined in accordance with statutory accounting
practices.
Preferred agencies......... Those of the Company's independent agencies which
meet special qualifying standards and are
designated "preferred agencies." Preferred
agencies may submit new business and are paid a
higher commission.
Reinsurance................ A procedure whereby an insurer remits or cedes a
portion of the premium to another insurer or
reinsurer as payment to that insurer or reinsurer
for assuming a portion of the related risk.
Statutory accounting
and Statutory
Accounting Principles
(SAP).................... Recording transactions and preparing financial
statements in accordance with the rules and
procedures prescribed or permitted by statute or
regulatory authorities, generally reflecting a
liquidating, rather than a going concern, concept
of accounting. The principal differences between
statutory accounting practice SAP and GAAP, the
method by which the Company generally reports its
financial results are: (a) under SAP, certain
assets that are not admitted assets are eliminated
from the balance sheet; (b) under SAP, policy
acquisition costs are expensed as incurred, while
under GAAP, they are deferred and amortized over
the term of the policies; (c) under SAP, no
provision is made for deferred income taxes;
(d) under SAP, certain reserves are recognized
which may not be recognized under GAAP; and (e)
under SAP, the reinsurance profit sharing is
credited to underwriting expenses. All SAP data
presented herein are filed with the departments of
insurance in the states where the Company does
business.
Statutory capital and
surplus.................. The sum remaining after all liabilities are
subtracted from all assets, applying statutory
accounting principles. This sum is regarded as
financial protection to policyholders in the event
an insurance company suffers unexpected or
catastrophic losses.
25
Take All Comers ("TAC").... A provision under New Jersey state law requiring
insurance carriers offering private passenger auto
insurance to accept any driver for coverage as
long as such driver possess fewer than nine
eligibility points and otherwise complies with the
carrier's filed rates and underwriting guidelines.
Item 2. PROPERTIES
Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries owns real property. Home
State leases 29,615 square feet at 3 South Revmont Drive, Shrewsbury, New Jersey
and 22,784 square feet at 1030 Broad Street, also in Shrewsbury, New Jersey.
Both leases extend until March 31, 2005 and provide for annual lease payments of
$554,106 escalating to a maximum of $874,039 by the end of the lease term.
Home State is currently obligated on an existing lease for 20,833 square
feet at One Harding Road, Red Bank, New Jersey, which lease extends until April
1, 2000 and provides for annual lease payments of $291,592 in 1996, escalating
to $312,420 by the end of the term. Home State has sub-leased approximately
17,660 square feet for varying rates and terms. In recognition of the liability
of the Red Bank lease and the reduced market rates attainable in the immediate
vicinity for such sub-leasing activities, the Company recognized a non-recurring
charge of approximately $380,000 during 1994. No additional charge was required
during 1995 or 1996.
Westbrook currently sub-leases 1,600 square feet at 1062 Barnes Road,
Wallingford, Connecticut. The sub-lease extends until October 14, 1998 and
provides for annual lease payments of $21,300.
Pinnacle leases 7,808 square feet at 116 Wedgewood Drive, Carrollton,
Georgia. The lease extends until December 31, 1998 and provides for annual lease
payments of $99,000.
Quaker City leases 3,128 square feet at Eight Neshaminy Interplex, Trevose,
Pennsylvania. The lease extends until December 31, 1997 and provides for annual
lease payments of $59,901.
Merchant Bakers leases 1,780 square feet at 1400 Old Country Road,
Westbury, New York. The lease extends until January 31, 1998 and provides for
annual lease payments of $49,082, which space has been fully sub-leased through
the end of the lease. In addition, Merchant Bakers leases 21,800 square feet at
116 John Street, New York, New York. The lease extends until October 31, 2004
and provides for annual lease payments of $190,750.
Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In the normal course of business, the Company is a defendant in various
lawsuits. The Company is not engaged in any litigation which management believes
would, if resolved adversely to the Company, have a material impact on the
financial position or result of operations of the Company.
Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth
quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report.
26
Item 4A. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The following table shows the names and ages of all executive officers of
the Company, the positions and offices held by such person and the period during
which each person served as an officer. The term of office of each person is
generally not fixed since each person serves at the discretion of the Board of
Directors of the Company.
Officer
Name Age Position Since
- ---- --- -------- -------
Mark S. Vaughn (1).................... 49 President, Chief Executive Officer, 1994
Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors
and Treasurer
Michael H. Monier (2)................. 56 Chairman of the Board of Directors and Secretary 1987
Eric A. Reehl (3) 33 Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, 1993
Asst. Treasurer, Asst. Secretary
Kenneth E. Edwards (4)................ 38 Senior Vice President - Finance 1993
William G. Hurlman (5)................ 44 Senior Vice President - Underwriting/Marketing 1995
R. Scott Conant (6)................... 46 Senior Vice President - Claims 1996
James M. Tennyson, Jr. (7) 43 Senior Vice President -
Management Information Services 1994
Richard W. Bird (8)................... 48 Vice President - Marketing 1996
Vicki F. Blaich (9)................... 38 Vice President - Claims 1993
James A. Byrne Jr. (10)............... 53 Vice President - Marketing 1992
Mark Fradkin (11)..................... 52 Vice President - Personal Lines Underwriting 1994
Scott A. Morgan (12).................. 37 Vice President - GAAP Accounting 1996
Mary Jane Poverstein (13)............. 50 Vice President - Human Resources 1995
Benn Prybutok (14).................... 48 Vice President - Government Affairs 1993
George E. Roberts, Jr. (15)........... 49 Vice President - Marketing 1996
Francesco Stancati, Jr. (16).......... 42 Vice President - Commercial Underwriting 1994
Richard D. Thomas (17)................ 39 Vice President - Actuary 1996
Pauline L. Tuano (18)................. 61 Vice President - Statutory Accounting 1995
- ----------------------
(1) Mark S. Vaughn has served as President, Chief Executive Officer, Vice
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Treasurer of the Company since June
of 1996. Mr. Vaughn also currently serves as a Director of the Company as
well as each of its insurance and non-insurance related subsidiaries. He is
President and Chief Executive Officer of Aspen Intermediaries, Inc., Home
State Insurance Company, Home State Investment, Inc. and Quaker City
Holdings, Inc. He is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Home Mutual
Insurance Company, New York Merchant Bakers, Pinnacle Insurance Company,
Quaker City Insurance Company, Transportation Insurance Network, Inc.,
Transportation Insurance Agency Network, Inc. and Westbrook Insurance
Company. He also serves as President of Aspen Intermediaries, LLC and Home
State Insurance Management, LLC. From June 1994 through June of 1996, Mr.
Vaughn served as Senior Vice President, Marketing and Underwriting. Mr.
Vaughn began his insurance career in 1971 as a commercial underwriting and
marketing representative for The Travelers Insurance Company. In 1973 he
joined an insurance agency, where he became a managing partner. In 1981,
Mr. Vaughn joined Transamerica Insurance Group, and assumed increased
levels of responsibility during his 13-year career. In 1990, Mr. Vaughn was
promoted to Senior Vice President, and became responsible for nationwide
personal lines operations for all Transamerica companies.
(2) Michael H. Monier has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the
Company since its formation in 1987 and as Secretary since 1993. Mr. Monier
is a member of the Executive and Compensation Committees of the Board of
Directors. Mr. Monier has served as a Director or Manager of each of the
Company's subsidiaries and Home Mutual since the commencement of their
respective affiliations with the Company and as Treasurer of Quaker City
Holdings since 1990. He is also Vice President of Tower Hill. Since 1986
Mr. Monier has been Vice President and Secretary of Woodhaven Investors
Inc., which serves as investment advisor to Home State and Quaker City. In
addition, Mr. Monier has served as President of Michael Monier
27
and Associates, an investment firm since 1985, and has served as Vice
President and Treasurer of Landmark Management, Inc., a real estate
investment firm, since 1974. From 1972 until 1991 Mr. Monier served as
Managing Director of the investment firm of Samson & Monier Associates. Mr.
Monier has also been a principal of the general partners of several single
asset real estate limited partnerships.
(3) Eric A. Reehl has served as Executive Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer, Assistant Secretary and Assistant Treasurer of the Company since
June of 1996. Mr. Reehl also currently serves as Director, Executive Vice
President and Chief Operating Officer of Aspen Intermediaries, Inc.
Director, Executive Vice President and Treasurer of Aspen, LLC. Director,
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Home Mutual. Director, Executive
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary
of Home State Insurance. Director, Secretary and Chief Operating Officer of
Home State Investment. Director, Executive Vice President and Treasurer of
HSIM LLC. Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of
New York Merchant Bakers. Director, Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer of Pinnacle. Executive Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer, Assistant Treasurer and Secretary of Quaker City Holdings.
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary
of Quaker City Insurance. Director, Chief Operating Officer, Secretary and
Treasurer of Tower Hill. Director, Executive Vice President, Secretary and
Treasurer of Transportation Insurance Network and Transportation Insurance
Agency Network and Director, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer and Secretary of Westbrook. From 1990 to 1993, Mr. Reehl was
affiliated in various capacities with Woodhaven Investors, Inc.
("Woodhaven"), an investment firm. From 1989 to 1990, Mr. Reehl served as
Secretary, Treasurer and Director of Corporate and Portfolio Development
for Consolidated Capital Equities Corporation, a real estate concern in
which certain general partnership interests were purchased by Woodhaven
pursuant to a plan of reorganization filed under Chapter 11 of the
Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978. Prior to 1989, Mr. Reehl was a bankruptcy
and reorganization consultant with Arthur Young & Company, a public
accounting firm.
(4) Kenneth E. Edwards has served as Senior Vice President - Finance since
March of 1996, prior to which he served as Vice President and Controller of
the Company from August 1993 to February 1996. Mr. Edwards is also Senior
Vice President - Finance of Home Mutual, Home State Insurance, New York
Merchant Bakers, Pinnacle, Quaker City and Westbrook. He also serves as
Director for New York Merchant Bakers and is Vice President and Controller
for Quaker City Holdings. From 1986 to 1993, Mr. Edwards was at the
certified public accounting firm of BDO Seidman, most recently as Director
of Financial Institutions, Audit. From 1981 to 1986, Mr. Edwards was an
Audit Supervisor at the certified public accounting firm of Coopers &
Lybrand. Mr. Edwards is a certified public accountant.
(5) William G. Hurlman currently serves as Senior Vice President and Chief
Underwriting Officer of the Company. He also has responsibility for all
field operations and the ceded reinsurance department. Mr. Hurlman came to
the Company from Reliance Reinsurance Corporation where he held the
position of Vice President for Treaty and Alternative Risk Underwriting.
Prior to joining Reliance Re, he served as the Director of Continental
Retention & Specialty Managers, a profit center at Continental Insurance
which underwrote Risk Retention Groups and other alternative risk programs.
Mr. Hurlman received his underwriting and marketing training at Crum &
Forster Underwriters Group, where he held several technical and managerial
positions.
(6) R. Scott Conant has served as Senior Vice President, Claims for the Company
since August, 1996. He also serves in the same capacity for Home State
Insurance Company, Quaker City Insurance Company, Pinnacle Insurance
Company, New York Merchant Bakers Insurance Company, Home Mutual Insurance
Company and Westbrook Insurance Company. From 1995 through 1996, Mr. Conant
served as a manager and claims/litigation consultant for KPMG Peat Marwick
LLP. From 1977 to 1994, Mr. Conant was affiliated with Crum & Forster
Insurance Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of Talagen Holdings, Inc.,
where he served in various management positions, including Vice President -
Claim/Legal. Prior to 1977, Mr. Conant was a claims adjuster and supervisor
with Liberty Mutual Insurance Company.
(7) James M. Tennyson, Jr. was promoted to Senior Vice President, Management
Information Systems of the Company in February, 1996. Prior to which he
served as Vice President, Management Information Systems from March, 1994.
From 1990 until he joined the Company, Mr. Tennyson was a consultant for
XCEL Systems and Programming. From 1989 through 1991 he served as Corporate
Director, Information Systems at
28
Universal Health Services of King of Prussia, PA, which owns 33 for-profit
hospitals in the United States. Prior thereto he held a similar position at
the Trump Organization's Gaming Division in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Mr.
Tennyson was also a consultant for Provident and Greentree Mutuals of
Philadelphia and Colonial Indemnity Insurance Company before joining the
Company.
(8) Richard W. Bird has served as Vice President, Marketing of the Company
since May 1996. He also serves as the Regional Vice President, Southeast
Region for the Home State Insurance Group. Director, President and Chief
Operating Officer of Pinnacle and Vice President of Quaker City Insurance
Company. From 1974 to 1987, Mr. Bird was at Classified Insurance
Corporation, a regional company, where he was the officer in charge of the
Marketing, Underwriting, Operations, Claims, Administration and finally
Regional Vice President of all functional departments. From 1987 to 1992,
Mr. Bird was with the Viking Insurance Company as first a Regional Vice
President and after three years, promoted to corporate Vice President of
Underwriting. From July 1993 to May 1996, Mr. Bird was with the Superior
Insurance Company of Atlanta as Vice President, Underwriting/Operations
where prior to leaving he had assumed the additional role of Vice President
- Product Management. Mr. Bird has over 22 years experience in the property
and casualty insurance industry.
(9) Vicki F. Blaich has served as Vice President, Claims of the Company since
1993. Ms. Blaich is also Vice President, Claims of Home State Insurance,
New York Merchant Bakers, Pinnacle, Quaker City and Westbrook. Prior to
joining the Company, Ms. Blaich served as Claims Manager for Amgro, a
division of Hanover Insurance Company, from 1984 to 1993. Ms. Blaich has
worked in the insurance industry for twelve years.
(10) James A. Byrne, Jr. has served as Vice President, Marketing of the Company
since December 1992. Mr. Byrne served as President of Merchant Bakers from
1979 through 1992 and has served as President and Chief Operating Officer
of Merchant Bakers since June 1994. From 1992 through June 1994, he served
as its Executive Vice President. He is also a Director of Merchant Bakers.
In addition, Mr. Byrne is a Director and Vice President of Home Mutual.
Vice President and Treasurer of Pinnacle. Director and Vice President of
both Transportation Insurance Network and Transportation Insurance Agency
Network and as Director, President and Chief Operating Officer of
Westbrook. Mr. Byrne has worked in the insurance industry since 1965.
(11) Mark R. Fradkin, CPCU, has served as the Company's Vice President for
Personal Line Underwriting since April 1994. Prior to June 1996, he was
also directly responsible for underwriting and marketing management of the
Home State Insurance Company's personal automobile business in New Jersey.
His responsibilities are now focused on personal lines underwriting
management at the corporate level of all insurance company subsidiaries.
Mr. Fradkin has 30 years experience in the property and casualty insurance
industry. He was a Commercial Casualty Underwriter for CNA Insurance and
Aetna Casualty & Surety Company in New York, later becoming Assistant
Director of Research for the Independent Insurance Agents of America
(1971-1977) and Senior Research Associate for the American Insurance
Association (1978-1985). Immediately prior to joining Home State, Mr.
Fradkin was the senior underwriting executive of the New Jersey Automobile
Full Insurance Underwriting Association and the Market Transition Facility
of New Jersey (1985-1994).
(12) Scott A. Morgan has served as Vice President, GAAP Reporting of the Company
and each of the Company's subsidiaries since joining the Company in June,
1996. From 1987 to May 1996, Mr. Morgan was at the certified public
accounting firm of Coopers & Lybrand, L.L.P., most recently as Manager,
Business Assurance, serving clients in the insurance and banking
industries. From 1985 to 1987, Mr. Morgan was Supervisor, GAAP Accounting
for Bankers National Life Insurance Company and from 1981 to 1985, was
Senior Accountant for the Beneficial Corporation insurance group of
subsidiaries. Mr. Morgan is a certified public accountant.
(13) Mary Jane Poverstein joined Home State Holdings, Inc. in October 1995 as
Vice President, Human Resources. Prior to joining the Company, Ms.
Poverstein was employed by The Continental Insurance Companies where she
assumed increasing levels of responsibilities in her 14 year career. She
served on the Board of Directors from 1983 to 1987 of the Loyalty Life
Insurance Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Continental
29
organization. Prior to joining Continental, Ms. Poverstein worked at the
Bendix Corporation for 10 years. She has over 20 years experience in Human
Resources management.
(14) Benn Prybutok joined the Company in 1992 and became Vice President,
Governmental Affairs in 1993. He has served as a Director of Quaker City
since May, 1992, and since June 1994 has served as its President and Chief
Operating Officer. He is also a Director of Home Mutual and Pinnacle,
Secretary of Home Mutual and Vice President of Westbrook. Mr. Prybutok
served as legislative liaison to the Pennsylvania Insurance Department from
1974 to 1979. He served in various management capacities with Allianz
Insurance Group from 1979 to 1984, Pacific Compensation Insurance Company
from 1985 to 1989, United National Insurance Company from 1989 to 1990 and
The Resource Intermediary Group, Ltd. from 1990 to 1992.
(15) George E. Roberts joined the Company in June of 1996 as Vice President of
Marketing and serves as Regional Vice President - Mid Atlantic Region of
the Home State Insurance Group. He is also a Director and Vice President of
Marketing for Quaker City Insurance Company. Mr. Roberts served as Vice
President - Underwriting for Warner Insurance Services of Fairlawn, New
Jersey from 1991 until 1995. Mr. Roberts was employed with Hanover
Insurance Company of Piscataway, New Jersey from 1983 until 1991, first as
a Personal Lines Manager and then as Director of Operations and Director of
Underwriting and Marketing. From 1971 through 1983, Mr. Roberts was with
Seaboard Underwriters, Inc. of Burlington, North Carolina, serving as
Assistant Branch Manager in their Augusta, Georgia office, then Branch
Manager of their Saginaw, Michigan office. Mr. Roberts was also Personal
Lines Underwriting and Marketing Manager of the national office in North
Carolina.
(16) Francesco Stancati, Jr. has served as Vice President, Commercial Lines
Underwriting of the Company since August, 1994 and serves in the same
capacity with each of the Company's insurance subsidiaries and Home Mutual.
Mr. Stancati has sixteen years of experience in the property and casualty
insurance industry. Mr. Stancati was employed with the Aetna Life and
Casualty Companies from April, 1979 through August, 1994, and from July
1990 until his departure, he held the position of Standard Strategic
Business Unit Underwriting Manager.
(17) Richard D. Thomas joined the Company in June 1996 as Vice President and
Actuary. Mr. Thomas also serves as Vice President and Actuary for Home
Mutual, Home State, Merchant Bakers, Pinnacle, Quaker City and Westbrook.
Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Thomas worked for Continental/CNA
Insurance from 1983 through 1996, with his most recent position being
Director and Assistant Actuary in charge of commercial lines pricing and
profitability analysis. Mr. Thomas became a fellow in the casualty
Actuarial Society in 1994.
(18) Pauline L. Tuano joined the Company in May 1995 as Vice President,
Statutory Accounting. Ms. Tuano also serves as Vice President, Statutory
Accounting of Home Mutual, Home State, Quaker City, Pinnacle, Westbrook and
Merchant Bakers. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Tuano was employed by
The Continental Insurance Corporation from 1979 through April 1995, where
she assumed increased levels of responsibilities in her 16 year career.
From 1975 through 1979, Ms. Tuano was General Accounting Manager for Drake
Insurance company and from 1970 through 1974, Ms. Tuano served as an
Assistant Secretary for the Constitution Reinsurance Corporation. Ms. Tuano
has over twenty five years experience in the insurance industry.
30
PART II
Item 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
Since August 12, 1993, the Company's Common Stock has been traded in the
NASDAQ National Market System under the symbol "HOMS". The following table sets
forth the high and low closing sale prices for the Company's Common Stock for
the periods indicated, all as reported on NASDAQ.
1994 High Low
- ---- ---- ---
First Quarter........................... $19.75 $14.50
Second Quarter.......................... $17.50 $14.50
Third Quarter........................... $16.00 $13.25
Fourth Quarter.......................... $15.00 $12.00
1995 High Low
- ---- ---- ---
First Quarter........................... $15.50 $13.25
Second Quarter.......................... $13.88 $ 9.00
Third Quarter........................... $ 9.88 $ 8.00
Fourth Quarter.......................... $10.25 $ 8.00
1994 High Low
- ---- ---- ---
First Quarter........................... $10.75 $ 9.00
Second Quarter.......................... $10.25 $ 8.88
Third Quarter........................... $ 8.75 $ 7.25
Fourth Quarter.......................... $ 8.13 $ 7.25
The number of record holders of the Common Stock was approximately 73 on
April 11, 1997. As most shares of Common Stock are held in street name, the
Company believes that the number of beneficial holders is substantially higher.
The Company has not paid any cash dividends on its Common Stock since its
inception and does not contemplate payment of any cash dividends in the
foreseeable future. See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
31
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
On October 4, 1996, the Company raised $10,000,000 in additional capital
through the private placement of 10,000 shares of its Series A Cumulative Voting
Preferred Stock (the "Preferred Stock") to Swiss Reinsurance America Corporation
("Swiss Re") and Reliance Insurance company ("Reliance") pursuant to a
Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Securities Purchase Agreement") dated as of
October 4, 1996 among the Company, Swiss Re and Reliance. Swiss Re and Reliance
each purchased $5,000,000 of the Preferred Stock.
Each share of Preferred Stock is entitled to one vote along with the
Company's common stock and carries a dividend rate of 7.5%. The Company may call
the Preferred Stock for redemption at any time after the fourth anniversary of
the closing. The Preferred Stock must be redeemed at $1,000 per share plus any
accumulated dividends in five equal tranches at the 10th through 14th
anniversaries of the closing.
Each share of Preferred Stock carries with it detachable Class A Warrants
("Warrants") to purchase 140 shares of the Company's common stock for $9.50 per
share at any time until October 4, 2003. The number of shares of the Company's
common stock deliverable upon exercise of the Warrants, and the exercise price
thereof, are subject to adjustment as provided in the Warrants. If all of the
Warrants issued in connection with the $10,000,000 of Preferred Stock issued
were to be exercised, the 1,400,000 shares of common stock purchased would
represent approximately 19.8% of the Company's issued and outstanding common
stock as of December 31, 1996.
The Company also entered into a Registration Rights Agreement dated as of
October 4, 1996 with Swiss Re and Reliance (the "Current Registration Rights
Agreement") pursuant to which the Company granted Swiss Re and Reliance
registration rights entitling each of such investors to two demand registrations
(for a total of four demand registrations) and unlimited "piggyback" rights with
respect to the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants. In
addition, the Company has amended its October 3, 1994 Registration Rights
Agreement (the "1994 Registration Rights Agreement") entered into at the time of
the Company's 1994 private placement of 11.50% Subordinated Notes (the
"Subordinated Notes") and warrants (the "Existing Warrants") to provide for an
additional demand registration right thereunder and the pro rata, pari passu
treatment of registration rights under the 1994 Registration Rights Agreement
and the Current Registration Rights Agreement.
32
Item 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA
The following table sets forth certain selected consolidated operating and
balance sheet data for each of the five years in the period ending December 31,
1996. This data should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and
accompanying notes included elsewhere herein. The consolidated financial
statements for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995, 1994 and 1993 have been
audited by Coopers & Lybrand, L.L.P., independent accountants. The consolidated
financial statement for the year ended December 31, 1992 was audited by BDO
Seidman, independent accountants.
Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993 1992
-------- ------- ------- ------- -------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Operating Data:
Net premiums earned $101,680 $58,915 $29,895 $22,375 $13,627
Net investment income 4,647 3,459 1,935 1,174 573
Reinsurance profit sharing (2,426) 5,993 3,748 2,645 1,425
Net realized capital gains (losses) 5 269 (99) 293 148
Financial services group income (5) 3,692 2,981 2,142 -- --
Other income (1) 135 315 452 1,016 100
Insurance losses and loss 112,395 49,306 22,693 16,155 9,785
adjustment expenses
General and administrative expense 27,727 12,372 7,821 4,110 2,605
Interest expense 2,755 2,066 503 111 164
Income (loss) before taxes on (35,146) 8,188 7,054 7,127 3,319
income and minority interest
Income tax (benefit) (14,456) 2,008 2,477 2,224 744
Minority interest (benefit) expense (163) 57 81 238 182
Net income (loss) (20,527) 6,123 4,497 4,666 2,393
Net income (loss) per common share (2) ($3.66) $1.08 $0.79 $ 1.00 $ 0.59
Other Data:
Gross premiums written $207,367 $124,796 $58,237 $52,273 $35,181
Net premiums written 89,960 67,027 31,246 27,436 17,617
Statutory Data:
Net underwriting gain (loss) (3) ($30,834) $1,313 $2,879 $3,605 $1,253
Policyholders' surplus 29,427 37,292 24,226 11,196 6,063
Financial Ratios: (4)
GAAP
Loss ratio(3) 113% 76% 67% 66% 65%
Expense ratio (3) 25 17 21 14 20
Combined ratio 138 93 88 80 85
Balance Sheet Data:
Investments $91,374 $78,796 $45,831 $30,575 $12,710
Cash and cash equivalents 11,842 9,544 6,183 4,476 4,551
Total assets 343,549 240,521 133,189 87,221 45,994
Unearned premiums 85,863 71,291 32,142 27,788 18,952
Notes and other obligations payable 22,005 18,300 16,220 -- 2,243
Stockholders' equity 19,912 39,052 32,724 28,009 4,876
Capital expenditures 1,607 1,345 2,061 293 137
- ----------
(1) Primarily book rollover fees and, for years prior to 1994, management fees
which totaled $158,000, $315,000, $914,000 and $30,000 for 1995, 1994, 1993
and 1992 respectively.
(2) 1992 is based upon 4,050,000 shares as adjusted for the Company's 1993
recapitalization. 1996 reflects dividends on the Preferred Stock.
(3) Includes reinsurance profit sharing income.
(4) See "Item 1. Business-Glossary" for a discussion of GAAP.
(5) Formed in 1994.
(6) Includes physical damage quota share adjustments.
33
Item 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
Overview
The Company is primarily engaged in underwriting personal and commercial
auto insurance. The Company reported a net loss of $20.5 million in 1996,
compared to net income of $6.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1995.
The loss in 1996 is principally due to an increase in the Company's loss
and LAE ratio, computed under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"),
from 76% in 1995 to 113% in 1996.
The increase in the loss ratio is predominantly due to: 1) the impact of
the 1996 winter storms; 2) a reassessment of current and prior accident year
anticipated loss experience following an increase in the volume of reported
claims falling below the companies' attachment points; and 3) decreased
reinsurance profit sharing income resulting from the impact of increased loss
ratios.
Winter Storms
The winter storms of 1995-1996 produced significant catastrophic losses for
the property and casualty industry. Particularly affected were insurers like
Home State and Home Mutual, with significant concentrations of insured risks in
the Northeast. The impact of the storms on the Company was greater due to the
recent pooling agreement entered into with Home Mutual effective January 1,
1996. Storm related losses suffered by the Company and Home Mutual combined were
estimated to be approximately $6 million.
Reassessment of Current and Prior Accident Year Loss Experience
The process of estimating the ultimate liability for losses and LAE has
been a particular challenge for the Company due to the significant growth in
business, which has resulted in a substantial increase in claims reported, and
the use of industry data while the Company's loss experience continues to
develop.
During the second quarter of 1996, the Company noted a significant increase
in the volume of reported claims falling below the reinsurance attachment
points, over and above the frequency anticipated in its calculation of loss
reserves. At the same time, the Company conducted a thorough overall
re-evaluation of its business plan and the profitability of the underlying
business. In response to this review, management increased reserves by $12
million in the second quarter, predominantly within IBNR.
In the remainder of 1996, the Company continued to reassess its current and
prior year loss experience. As part of this review, in the fourth quarter of
1996, the Company undertook a comprehensive review of its case reserves. In
addition to addressing loss reserving and growth issues, the Company also
strengthened senior management and supervisory personnel in claims
administration, as well as employing an internal actuary to assist with loss
reserving estimates and pricing of risks. As part of the reassessment of the
Company's loss experience, management made significant additional reserve
increases in the fourth quarter of 1996, leading to a 1996 loss ratio of 113%
and total adverse development of $23 million on 1995 and prior accident years.
The review of open case reserves was concurrent with the hiring of a Senior
Vice President of Claims and the initiation of a new case reserving philosophy.
The new case reserving philosophy is based on earlier recognition of the
ultimate settlement value for a given claim. While information concerning the
comparative negligence of the persons involved in the occurrence is still
utilized in establishing reserves, it receives less emphasis as compared to
prior years. The Company still evaluates all provisions of the policy,
anticipated net effect of salvage and subrogation, the ultimate settlement value
and, where appropriate, the opinion of outside counsel and claims consultants.
Management's emphasis in the fourth quarter of 1996 was to ensure that the
new case reserving philosophy was fully implemented in all open claim files
during the file review. During this process, the Company also implemented a
formula reserve program for its new claims as well as more aggressive practices
in managing pending claims file count per adjuster. These changes in case
reserving were taken into account in setting the assumptions used in calculating
the Company's total reserves requirement at December 31, 1996. These actions
have also resulted in greater case reserves being established quicker than in
the past.
34
Reinsurance Profit Sharing
The Company uses reinsurance in order to manage its risk and to maintain
premium to surplus ratios recommended by regulatory authorities and rating
agencies. The Company has historically maintained low retention to support its
previous growth objectives through the use of excess of loss reinsurance.
Although a majority of the profits on the ceded premium is retained by
reinsurers, the Company participates in the profitability of such reinsurance in
varying percentages, depending on the line of business. As a result of the
significant reserve adjustments discussed above, the associated reinsurance
profit sharing income recognized in prior years has been reduced significantly.
As this has reduced total income, this has also negatively impacted the 1996
loss ratio. The Company recorded a pre-tax charge to earnings of $11.4 million
in relation to return profit share on 1995 and prior accident years, offset by
profit share income accrued for the 1996 accident year of $9 million (thereby
recording a net charge to income of $2.4 million).
Certain Actions To Improve Profitability
As a result of the net loss incurred during 1996, and the resulting
increase on leverage on the Company's surplus, management has slowed premium
growth rates and reduced the size of its agency force.
The Company is also looking to make changes in its reinsurance program
going forward. In this regard, quota share reinsurance, rather than excess of
loss reinsurance, will be the most effective means to provide the Company with
reinsurance protection.
As discussed above, in order to better control its loss experience, the
Company has instituted a significant change in case reserving methodologies and
taken actions to strengthen its balance sheet to compliment its revised growth
targets. New claims management and loss reserving philosophies provide the
Company with a more timely assessment of the loss characteristics of the
Company's book of business. The change in claim reserving has assisted the
Company in managing its policy renewal and growth efforts, particularly in the
more competitive commercial lines business. Management is continuing to identify
and non-renew commercial accounts which have exhibited poor loss
characteristics, in addition to holding prices where possible in a highly
competitive environment.
Other recent management initiatives include a comprehensive claims
management program, designed with the assistance of the Company's reinsurers to
assist in reducing the pending file counts, thereby providing company staff
adjusters the ability to focus on more recent accident year claims. The
Company's goal is to reduce the period of time between when a claim is reported
and when it is settled. The focus of claims management in 1997 will continue to
be enhancement of operating practices to improve efficiency.
A.M. Best Rating
On April 10, 1997, the Company announced a downgrade by A.M. Best in the
rating of each of its National Pool and New York Pool to "C". Such downgrade
relates primarily to the Company's 1996 net loss from operations of
approximately $20.5 million. Additional factors considered in the rating action
included historical rapid growth, loss reserve development, diminished capital
strength and dependency on surplus relief reinsurance arrangements.
For a discussion of certain factors which could affect the Company's
results of operations and financial position, see "-Safe Harbor Disclosure"
below.
Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 1996 Compared To Year Ended December 31, 1995
Gross premiums written by the Company increased 66% from $124.8 million for
the year ended December 31, 1995 to $207.4 million (including $25.4 million
assumed from Home Mutual) for the year ended December 31, 1996. The Company's
net earned premiums increased 72% from $58.9 million for the year ended December
31, 1995 to $101.7 million (including $9.9 million resulting from the pooling
with Home Mutual) in the year ended December 31, 1996. The increase in net
earned premiums resulted from increased premium volume, primarily in the
Company's personal auto book of business, as well as the pooling of Home
Mutual's underwriting results.
35
Reinsurance profit sharing decreased from income of $6.0 million in 1995 to
an expense of $2.4 million in 1996, primarily as a result of the reassessment of
loss reserve assumptions during the year as previously discussed.
Net investment income increased from $3.5 million in 1995 to $4.6 million
in 1996. The increase in net investment income was primarily a result of an
increase in invested assets which was partially offset by a decrease in
investment yield from 5.8% in 1995 to 5.5% in 1996. Cash and invested assets
were $103.4 million as of December 31, 1996 compared to $88.3 million as of
December 31, 1995.
The Company had $5,000 of net realized gains in 1996 derived from the call
of fixed maturity investments as compared to $269,000 of net realized gains from
the sale of securities in 1995.
Income from the Company's financial services subsidiaries increased from
$3.0 million in 1995 to $3.7 million in 1996. The financial services group is
comprised of Aspen Intermediaries ("Aspen"), which provides reinsurance
brokerage services; Tower Hill, Inc. ("Tower Hill"), which provides premium
finance services; and HSIM L.L.C. ("HSIM") which provides certain administrative
services to the Company. Aspen's reinsurance brokerage fee revenue increased to
$2.1 million in 1996 from $1.6 million in 1995. Tower Hill received $1.5 million
in premium financing income in 1996 compared to $604,000 in 1995. HSIM earned
$775,000 in management fees from Home Mutual in 1995 compared to no such fees in
1996 as a result of the operating losses during 1996 at Home Mutual.
Other income decreased from $315,000 in 1995 to $135,000 in 1996. Other
income in 1996 consisted primarily of insurance premium installment fees, offset
by premium receivable write-offs whereas in 1995, other income consisted
primarily of book rollover fees and insurance premium installment fees.
Insurance losses and LAE increased from $49.3 million in 1995 to $112.4
million in 1996 as a result of the increase in volume and risks assumed under
premiums in force and the significant loss reserve development and establishment
of new loss reserving philosophies during 1996 as discussed in the "Overview"
section above.
The Company's GAAP expense ratio increased from 17% in 1995 to 25% in 1996.
The increase in the GAAP expense ratio in 1996 is the result of a reduction in
reinsurance profit sharing and the Company's ceding commission rates under its
new reinsurance agreements which has the effect of increasing net commission
expenses. Additionally, Home Mutual entered into a service agreement to sell its
assigned risk business which has resulted in a shift of expenses from losses to
underwriting expense. The associated expense for servicing this business is now
being reflected in the statement of operations as a result of the pooling
agreement entered into in 1996 between Home Mutual and Merchant Bakers.
Additionally, the Company's loss reserve increase has impacted the amount of
policy acquisition costs deferred due to higher loss ratios used in determining
the amount of acquisition costs that can be deferred. The impact of this has
been mitigated to some extent by a change in the Company's method of accounting
for deferred policy acquisition costs in the fourth quarter of 1996 to consider
anticipated investment income.
Home Mutual has incurred after pooling operating losses for the year ended
1996 of $1.9 million and as of December 31, 1996, its statutory based surplus is
approximately $1.55 million. As a result, the Company recorded a charge to other
expenses of $2.6 million during the last six months of 1996, representing a
write down of its surplus notes in Home Mutual to their estimated net realizable
value of $2.4 million. Also included in other expenses in 1996 is the benefit of
$3.1 million from the acceleration of the amortization period of the excess of
fair value over cost of the Merchant Bakers acquisition. The remaining other
expenses for 1996 and all of 1995 are the operating expenses of the financial
services group and parent company.
Interest expense on the Company's subordinated notes payable and notes
payable to bank increased to $2.8 million in 1996 from $2.1 million in 1995 due
to the interest expense related to the bank credit facilities which were not
fully utilized during 1995.
The Company incurred a pre-tax loss of $35.1 million during 1996. Primarily
as a result of net operating loss carrybacks, the Company recorded a $6.1
million current tax benefit. In addition, net operating loss carryforwards
generated deferred tax benefits of $8.3 million. During 1995, the Company
reported a tax expense of $2.0 million or a 26% effective tax rate.
36
For the year ended December 31, 1996, the Company reported a $20.5 million
net loss and a combined ratio of 138% as a result of the factors noted above as
compared to net income of $6.1 million and a combined ratio of 93% for the year
ended December 31, 1995.
Year Ended December 31, 1995 Compared To Year Ended December 31, 1994
Gross premiums written by the Company increased by 114% from $58.2 million
in 1994 to $124.8 million in 1995 (of which $22.8 million represents Merchant
Bakers) due to the continued expansion of Home State's personal auto line of
business in addition to the growth of Westbrook and Pinnacle (late 1994
acquisitions). The Company's net earned premiums increased 97% from $29.9
million in 1994 to $58.9 million in 1995 (of which $14.9 million represents
Merchant Bakers).
The Company has aggressively used reinsurance in order to achieve its
growth objectives. Management has negotiated reinsurance treaties that enable
the Company to leverage its resources in order to write additional risks while
maintaining premium to surplus ratios recommended by regulatory authorities and
rating agencies. Although a majority of the profits on the ceded premium is
retained by reinsurers, the Company receives ceding commissions and profit
sharing revenues which provide a means of participating in the profitability of
the reinsurance programs. The Company continually evaluates the opportunity to
retain a greater portion of ceded premium to reduce reinsurance costs and/or
further enhance profitability. As a result, the Company has made certain changes
in the combined reinsurance program during 1995 for 1996, moving certain classes
of liability insurance business from excess of loss to quota share agreements.
The historical loss ratio and/or policy limits for these classes make quota
share reinsurance, rather than excess of loss reinsurance, the most effective
means to provide the Company with reinsurance protection.
Recoveries on reinsurance premiums increased from $3.7 million in 1994 to
$6.0 million in 1995 (of which $2.8 million represents Merchant Bakers). This
increase is a direct result of an increase of $25.5 million in ceded earned
premium volume (of which $15.9 million is attributable to Merchant Bakers), and
an increase in physical damage quota share adjustments, which were partially
offset by unfavorable development on the Company's ceded risks of prior years.
The volume of reinsurance profit sharing income is impacted by the amount of
premiums ceded to reinsurers as well as the reinsurers' historical cumulative
(over a three year period) loss experience on such premiums. Although adverse
loss development could retroactively reduce profit sharing income, such
retroactive adjustments cannot exceed the amount of the profit sharing
previously recognized by the Company on reinsurance premiums.
Net investment income increased from $1.9 million in 1994 to $3.5 million
in 1995. The increase in net investment income was primarily a result of an
increase in invested assets as well as the inclusion of Merchant Bakers. Cash
and invested assets increased from $52.0 million in 1994 to $88.3 million in
1995 primarily as a result of the inclusion of Merchant Bakers and additional
cash flows provided by operating activities.
The Company had $269,000 of net realized gains in 1995 compared to $99,000
of net realized losses from the sale of securities in 1994. The realized net
gains in 1995 were derived primarily from the sale of the Company's investments
classified as available for sale and several bonds being called before scheduled
maturity while the net realized losses in 1994 resulted from the sale of
selected fixed maturity securities in the first quarter.
Income from Home State Financial Services, Inc. and its subsidiaries,
consisting primarily of reinsurance brokerage fees, financing revenue and
management fees increased $900,000 or 43% from $2.1 million in 1994 to $3.0
million in the comparable period of 1995. In 1995, the financial services group
was comprised of Aspen Intermediaries, Inc., which provides reinsurance
brokerage services; Tower Hill, Inc., which provides premium finance services;
and Home State Insurance Management, Inc., which provides certain administrative
services. Aspen received reinsurance brokerage fees of $1.6 million in 1995 as
compared to $1.1 million in the comparable period of 1994. Home State Insurance
Management received $775,000 in management fees from Home Mutual in 1995 as
compared to $1 million in the comparable period of 1994 and Tower Hill received
$604,000 in financing income in 1995 and none in 1994. In 1996, the business of
Home State Insurance Management was restructured as a limited liability company.
Other income, consisting primarily of book rollover fees, decreased from
$452,000 in 1994 to $315,000 in 1995. Book rollover fees were $315,000 in 1994
and $158,000 in 1995.
37
Insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses increased $26.6 million or
117% from $22.7 million in 1994 to $49.3 million in 1995 (of which $13.2 million
represents Merchant Bakers), primarily as a result of an increase in volume and
risks assumed under premiums in force and adverse development in prior year
reserves with respect to the commercial auto lines of business in New York and
New Jersey. Consequently, the GAAP loss ratio increased to 76% in 1995 compared
to 67% in 1994, as management is continuing to strengthen loss reserves.
The GAAP expense ratio decreased to 17% in 1995 from 21% in 1994. The
Company has experienced an increase in its overall operating expenses in 1995 as
compared to 1994 largely to support the addition of $43.6 million of gross
written premium in the Company's markets for personal and commercial automobile
business. Favorable comparison of 1995 results to 1994 reflect the positive
benefits of producing incremental premium growth by leveraging the Company's
existing cost structure, as well as efficiencies derived from investments in
technology made during the 1994 and 1995 fiscal years.
Other expenses in 1995 and 1994 include the operating expenses of the
financial services group and the parent company.
Interest expense increased to $2.1 million in 1995 from $503,000 in 1994
due to the interest expense related to the private placement of subordinated
debt completed in October 1994 and an unsecured line of credit.
Tax expense decreased from $2.5 million in 1994 to $2.0 million in 1995 due
primarily to an increase in the ratio of tax free income to taxable income. The
Company's effective tax rate decreased from 30% (before non-recurring
adjustments) in 1994 to 26% in 1995.
Net income increased from $4.5 million in 1994 to $6.1 million in 1995 and
the Company's GAAP combined ratio increased from 88% in 1994 to 93% in 1995 as a
result of the factors noted above.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
In October 1994, the Company completed a private placement of $17.0 million
of subordinated notes and warrants (the "Private Placement"). During 1996, the
Company secured an $18 million line of credit with its bank lenders to support
the premium finance operations as well as provide a working capital facility for
the holding company of which $5.6 million was outstanding at December 31, 1996.
In March, 1997, such line of credit availability was eliminated for the premium
finance operation and was reduced to $4.0 million for the holding company (none
of which may be re-borrowed) in connection with a waiver of certain defaults
resulting from the Company's failure to make a required pay down of the line of
credit in the first quarter of 1997 and as a result of the Company's 1996 net
loss. In connection with such waiver, the Company repaid all outstanding
borrowings of Tower Hill. The amendment and waiver entered into with the banks
provides, among other things, for an increase in interest rates, a February 28,
1998 maturity date and for the Company to make monthly principal repayments of
$100,000 and prepayments of the net proceeds from any sale of a subsidiary or a
subsidiary's assets or from the available portion of an anticipated tax refund.
The March 31, 1997 amendment and waiver also provides for changes to certain of
the debt covenants, including a requirement to maintain consolidated net worth,
as defined of at least $28.5 million. See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
The absence of financing for Tower Hill's business would have an adverse
effect on the Company's financial services income. Although management plans to
seek an alternate source of financing, there can be no assurance that such
facilities will be secured. Furthermore, the reduction of the holding company's
line of credit and its inability to re-borrow amounts repaid will have an
adverse effect on the Company's liquidity and capital resources.
In October of 1996, the Company raised $10,000,000 in additional capital
through the sale of 10,000 shares of its Series A Cumulative Voting Preferred
Stock (the "Preferred Stock") to Swiss Reinsurance America Corporation and
Reliance Insurance Company. Swiss Re and Reliance each purchased $5,000,000 of
the Preferred Stock. Proceeds of the sale were used to increase the capital and
surplus of Merchant Bakers. The Company, Swiss Re and Reliance have also entered
into agreements for the Company's subsidiaries to purchase reinsurance at
commercially reasonable and actuarially sound rates and for Swiss Re and
Reliance to provide certain management and consulting services to the Company.
38
Each share of Preferred Stock is entitled to one vote along with the
Company's common stock and carries a dividend rate of 7.5%. The Company may call
the Preferred Stock for redemption at any time after the fourth anniversary of
the closing. The Preferred Stock must be redeemed at $1,000 per share plus any
accumulated dividends in five equal tranches at the 10th through 14th
anniversaries of the closing. In addition, the Preferred Stock is subject to
redemption upon the occurrence of specified redemption events. Each share of
Preferred Stock carries with it detachable Series A Warrants ("Warrants") to
purchase 140 shares of the Company's common stock for $9.50 per share at any
time until October 4, 2003. If all of the Warrants issued in connection with the
$10,000,000 of Preferred Stock issued were to be exercised, the common stock
purchased would represent 19.8% of the Company's issued and outstanding common
stock as of December 31, 1996.
On March 31, 1997, the holders of the Preferred Stock waived a default for
the year ended December 31, 1996 in a covenant requiring the maintenance of a
net written premiums to statutory surplus ratio. In connection with such waiver,
the Company agreed to elect an additional Director acceptable to the parties and
to form a Strategic Planning Committee of the Board (to be chaired by such
additional Director), the functions of which would include pursuing strategic
alternatives for the Company to improve its financial condition.
The Company generated positive cash flow from operations in 1996 of $4.2
million which was invested in high quality investment grade securities. The
Company has a policy of investing a portion of its cash in short-term and highly
liquid investments for the payment of pending claims and expenses. The Company
believes that its liquid assets plus its cash flow from operations will be
adequate to meet foreseeable cash requirements. During 1996, the Company
conducted a thorough review of its business plans and primary insurance
operations. As a result, the Company has re-evaluated its methodologies for case
basis reserving and is aggressively managing its claims handling procedures. The
change in claims management may accelerate the cash needed to settle claims,
which management believes will be sufficiently met with existing cash and
investment assets.
The Company's insurance subsidiaries are subject to certain restrictions on
their ability to transfer funds to the parent company in the form of cash
dividends, loans or advances without regulatory approval. These restrictions,
described below, are not expected to impair the ability of the Company to meet
its cash obligations. However, to the extent the Company seeks to increase the
capital of its insurance subsidiaries or pursue additional business
opportunities, additional financing will be required. Accordingly, the Company
is currently exploring financing alternatives which could take the form of
regular debt, convertible debt, equity securities or some combination thereof.
There can, however, be no assurance that financing will be available or that the
Company will obtain financing on terms it deems acceptable.
The reserve increases and reduction in reinsurance profit sharing
experienced in 1996 have negatively impacted the statutory surplus levels of the
insurance subsidiaries. These subsidiaries still maintain reported surplus at
December 31, 1996 in excess of both minimum surplus and authorized control level
risk based capital. Management does not anticipate this changing in 1997. To the
extent that future premium writings exceed the statutory required leverage
ratios (i.e., net premium writings to surplus), the Company believes it has the
ability to either reduce those premium writings or effect reinsurance in order
to bring the leverage ratios to interim statutory accepted guidelines.
In view of the Company' rapid growth in premiums written, heavy reliance on
reinsurance and unfavorable results in 1996, in February 1997 the Company
retained Donaldson, Lufkin and Jenrette to assist in the Company's review of
strategic alternatives to maximize the perceived inherent value in the direct
premiums produced by the Company. Strategic alternatives could include the
raising of additional capital or a sale of the Company. There can be no
assurance that any such strategic alternative will be successfully achieved.
As of December 31, 1996, the Company had approximately $91.4 million of
investments and $11.8 million of cash and cash equivalents. The Company
maintains a significant portion of its assets in high quality, fixed income
investments with short maturities. An increase in interest rates will generally
cause a decline in the market value of fixed income securities although
presenting the opportunity to reinvest proceeds from maturing securities at
higher yields. A decline in interest rates may result over time in lower yields
as the proceeds from maturing securities are reinvested, although this may be
offset by increases in the market value of fixed income investments with longer
maturities. Because of the relatively short maturities of the Company's
investments, the Company does not anticipate changes in interest rates to
materially affect its liquidity and capital resources.
39
Dividend Restriction on Insurance Subsidiaries
As a holding company, the principal source of the parent company's cash
available for payment of dividends is dividends received from its insurance
subsidiaries. State regulatory requirements limit the amount of annual dividends
these companies can pay to the holding company without obtaining prior insurance
department approval. The maximum amount distributable is limited to the greater
of (i) 10% of statutory surplus as of the end of the preceding year or (ii) net
investment income for the preceding year, with larger dividends payable only
upon prior regulatory approval. Accordingly, the maximum dividend which may be
paid to the Company by its insurance subsidiaries without prior approval at
December 31, 1996 is approximately $4.6 million.
Impact of Inflation
Inflation may have an impact on property and casualty insurers because
premium rates are established before the amount of losses and loss expenses are
known. The Company attempts to anticipate increases from inflation in
establishing rates, subject to competitive and regulatory limitations.
The Company considers inflation when estimating liabilities for losses and
loss adjustment expenses. The liabilities for losses and loss adjustment
expenses are management's estimates of the ultimate net costs of underlying
claims and expenses and are not discounted for the time value of money. In times
of high inflation, the normally higher yields on investment income may partially
offset potentially higher claims and expenses.
New Accounting Standards
In February 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earning per Share" (SFAS 128"). For
the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 the Company has followed the
standards established under APB No. 15 for computing and presenting earnings per
share ("EPS"). SFAS 128 establishes standards for computing and presenting EPS
and applies to entities with publicly held common stock or potential common
stock. SFAS 128 replaces primary EPS, as defined in APB No. 15, with basic EPS.
Additionally, SFAS 128 requires dual presentation of basic and diluted EPS on
the face of the statement of operations for all entities with complex capital
structures. SFAS also requires certain disclosures including: 1) a
reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation to
the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS computation; 2) the effect
given to preferred dividends in arriving at income available to common
shareholders and; 3) securities that could potentially dilute basic EPS in the
future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because to do so
would have been anti-dilutive for the period(s) presented.
SFAS 128 is effective for financial statements issued for periods ending
after December 15, 1997 and requires restatement of all prior period EPS data
presented.
The Company has calculated basic and diluted EPS, as defined in SFAS 128
and interpreted by the Company based on information currently available, and has
determined that such amounts do not differ materially from primary EPS, which is
reflected in the Company's statement of operations, for the years presented.
Safe Harbor Disclosure
In connection with the "safe harbor" provisions of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the "Act"), the Company sets forth below
cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause the
Company's actual results to differ materially from those which might be
projected, forecasted, or estimated in the Company's forward-looking statements,
as defined in the Act, made by or on behalf of the Company in press releases,
written statements or documents filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, or in its communications and discussions with investors and analysts
in the normal course of business through meetings, phone calls and conference
calls. Such statements may include, but are not limited to, projections of
premiums, investment income, other revenue,
40
capital and surplus, reserves, losses, expenses, earnings (including earnings
per share), cash flows, plans for future operations, common stockholders'
equity, financing needs, capital plans, potential corporate transactions, plans
relating to products or services of the Company and estimates concerning the
effects of litigation or other disputes, as well as assumptions for any of the
foregoing and are generally expressed with words such as "believes",
"estimates", "expects", "anticipates", "could have", "may have" and similar
expressions.
Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and
uncertainties. The Company cautions that factors which may cause its results to
differ materially from such forward-looking statements include, but are not
limited to, the following:
(1) Uncertainty regarding the adequacy of reserves for loss adjustment expenses,
the establishment of which involve an inherent degree of uncertainty and may be
impacted by numerous factors; (2) Factors affecting the property and casualty
insurance industry generally including periods of intense price competition, the
size and frequency of claims, escalating damage awards, natural disasters,
changes in statutes, regulations and court decisions and regulatory constraints,
which can cause fluctuations in underwriting results and net income; (3) The
geographic concentration of a disproportionate amount of the Company's business,
which could result in unusually severe storms or other natural disasters or
adverse economic conditions in such geographic areas having an adverse impact on
the Company; (4) Adverse effects resulting from the recent downgrading or any
future downgrades in the ratings assigned by A.M. Best to the National Pool, the
New York Pool or one of the Company's subsidiaries, which could adversely effect
the Company's competitive position; (5) Capital and surplus levels may constrain
the Company's ability to maintain or increase the volume of premiums it writes,
result in regulatory scrutiny and/or require the Company to cede a greater
portion of premiums written to reinsurers, which could reduce profitability; (6)
State laws and regulations applicable to insurance holding companies, such as
the Company, which, among other things, limit the payment of dividends by
insurance subsidiaries; (7) The unavailability of reinsurance on favorable
terms, a reinsurer's insolvency or inability to make payments under a
reinsurance treaty or lower than estimated reinsurance recoveries on unpaid
losses; (8) Changes in subrogation recovery rates; (9) Loss of significant
independent agencies producing business for the Company; (10) Increases in
interest rates, which cause a reduction in the market value of the Company's
interest rate sensitive investments, including, but not limited to, its fixed
income investment portfolio; (11) Decreases in interest rates causing a
reduction of income earned on new cash flow from operations and the reinvestment
of the proceeds from sales, calls or maturities of existing investments; (12)
Changes in the demand for the financial services offered by the Company; and
(13) Adverse results in litigation matters.
In addition to the factors outlined above that are directly related to the
Company's businesses, the Company is also subject to general business risks,
including, but not limited to, adverse state, federal or foreign legislation and
regulation, adverse publicity or news coverage, changes in general economic
factors, and the loss of key employees.
Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The consolidated financial statements required in response to Item 8 appear
elsewhere in this Report as listed in Item 14(a) of this Report.
Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
41
PART III
In connection with the 1997 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Company,
the Company intends to furnish stockholders with proxy materials which set forth
the information required by Items 10 (other than information as to Executive
Officers of the Registrant which is furnished in Part I, Item 4A hereof), 11, 12
and 13 of this Part III. The Company expects to file copies of such material
with the Commission pursuant to Rule 14a-6(c) promulgated under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, not later than 120 days after the end of the
fiscal year covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
42
PART IV
Item 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
Page(s)
-------
(a) (1) The following financial statements are included in Part II,
Item 8:
Report of Independent Accountants F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 1996 and 1995 F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended
December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 F-4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the year
ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the year ended
December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-7 - F-30
(2) The following financial statement schedules (pursuant to
Rule 5-04 and Rule 7-05 of Regulation S-X) are presented
herewith:
Report of Independent Accountants S-1
Schedule I Summary of Investments - S-2
Other than Investments in Related Parties
Schedule II Condensed Financial Information of Registrant S-3 - S-5
Schedule III Supplementary Insurance Information S-6
Schedule IV Reinsurance S-7
Schedule VI Supplemental Information Concerning Property/ S-8
Casualty Insurance Operations
Schedules other than those mentioned above are omitted because the conditions
requiring filing do not exist, or because the information is given in the
financial statements filed herewith, including the notes thereto.
(b) During the quarter ended December 31, 1996, a report on Form 8-K
dated October 4, 1996 was filed reporting on the private
placement of Series A Preferred Stock and Warrants:
(c) The following Exhibits are included in this report:
Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit
----------- ----------------------
2.1 Plan of Conversion of New York Merchant Bakers Mutual Fire
Insurance Company (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 1 to
the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 2, 1995)
3.1 (i) Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
of the Company. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to
the Company's Registration Statement (No. 33-63904) on Form
S-1 (the "S-1"))
43
Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit
----------- ----------------------
(ii) Form of Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company.
(Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 4, 1996 (the
"October 1996 8-K"))
4.1 Specimen Common Stock Certificate. (Incorporated by Reference
to Exhibit 4.1 to the S-1)
4.2 (i) Purchase Agreement ("Purchase Agreement") dated as of
October 3, 1994, between the Company and purchasers of
$17,000,000 principal amount of 11.50% subordinated notes and
warrants, with form of notes and form of warrant attached.
(Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current Report on
Form 8-K dated September 8, 1994)
(ii) Amendment No. 1, dated as of February 7, 1996, to Purchase
Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2(ii) to
the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1995 (the "1995 10-K"))
(iii) Letter Agreement dated as of October 4, 1996 amending the
Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 3, 1994
among the Company and the holders of the Subordinated Notes
and warrants named therein and providing for consents and
waivers from such holders. (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.4 to the October 1996 8-K).
4.3 Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series
A Cumulative Voting Preferred Stock. (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the October 1996 8-K).
4.4 Form of Class A Warrant issued to Swiss Reinsurance America
Corporation ("Swiss Re"). (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to the October 1996 8-K).
4.5 Form of Class A Warrant issued to Reliance Insurance Company
("Reliance"). (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to
the October 1996 8-K).
10.1 Form of Home State Agency-Company Agreement. (Incorporated by
Reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the S-1)
10.2 Form of Home State Contingent Commission Agreement.
(Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the S-1)
10.3 Form of Quaker City Agency-Company Agreement. (Incorporated
by Reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the S-1)
10.4 Form of Quaker City Agent's Contingent Commission Agreement.
(Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the S-1)
10.5 Services Agreement dated July 1, 1990 between Home State
and PPIA, Assignment of Services Agreement to PPIM dated
January 1, 1992 and Amendment dated June 3, 1993 to Services
Agreement. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the
S-1)
10.6 Services Agreement dated February 1, 1991 between Quaker
City and PPIA, Assignment of Services Agreement to PPIM dated
January 1, 1992 and Amendment dated June 3, 1993 to Services
Agreement. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the
S-1)
10.7 Form of Investment Management Agreement as amended as of
April 1, 1996 between each of the Company's insurance
subsidiaries and Home Mutual, as client, and Woodhaven, as
manager.
10.8 (i) Surplus Debenture dated December 28, 1992 in the original
principal amount of $1,000,000 made by Merchant Bakers
payable to the Company. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit
10.9 to the S-1)
(ii) Endorsement dated October 4, 1994, increasing principal
amount of Surplus Debenture by $4,000,000. (Incorporated by
Reference to Exhibit 10.9 (ii) to the 1994 10-K)
10.9 (i) Surplus Debenture dated December 28, 1992 in the original
principal amount of $500,000 made by Merchant Bakers payable
to Home State. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.10 to
the S-1)
(ii) Note Purchase Agreement dated as of July 29, 1994 between
Home State and the Company. (Incorporated by Reference to
Exhibit 10.10(ii) to the 1994 10-K)
44
Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit
----------- ----------------------
10.10 (i) Surplus Debenture dated December 28, 1992 in the original
principal amount of $500,000 made by Merchant Bakers payable
to Quaker City. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.11
to the S-1)
(ii) Note Purchase Agreement dated as of July 29, 1994 between
Quaker City and the Company. (Incorporated by Reference to
Exhibit 10.11(ii) to the 1994 10-K)
10.11 Plan of Capitalization between the Company and Merchant
Bakers approved by the New York State Department of Insurance
on December 18, 1993. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit
10.12 to the S-1)
10.12 Agreement dated December 1, 1991 regarding Tax Loss
Allocation among the Company, Home State, Quaker City
Holdings and Quaker City. (Incorporated by Reference to
Exhibit 10.13 to the S-1)
10.13 Lease Agreement dated April 20, 1993 between Walter C.
Zimmerer, Jr. and Erma M. Zimmerer, Partners, as Landlord and
Home State as Tenant. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit
10.14 to the S-1)
10.14 Lease Agreement dated May 21, 1992 between The Korman Co. as
agent for the Owner, as Landlord, and Quaker City, as Tenant.
(Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the S-1)
10.15 Lease Agreement dated October 10, 1990 between Parkway Plaza
Associated, as Landlord and Merchant Bakers, As Tenant.
(Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the S-1)
10.16 Lease Agreement dated December 28, 1993 between Pinnacle, as
Tenant, and Robert Stone D/B/A/ S&T Realty, as Landlord.
(Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the 1994 10-K)
10.17 Lease Agreement dated December 19, 1994 between Merchant
Bakers, as Tenant, and Paul F. Callan, Bruce Regenstreich,
and Warren S. Koster, as Landlord. (Incorporated by Reference
to Exhibit 10.20 to the 1994 10-K)
10.18 Lease Agreement dated July 6, 1994 between Montrev L.P., as
Landlord, and Home State, as Tenant. (Incorporated by
Reference to Exhibit 2 to the Company's Current Report on
Form 8-K dated September 8, 1994)
10.19 Sub-lease Agreement dated October 15, 1994 between Westbrook,
as Tenant, and National Indemnity Agency of Connecticut,
Inc., as Landlord. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit
10.20 to the 1994 10-K)
10.20 Agreement of Lease dated June 1996 between Hacienda
Intercontinental Realty, N.V., as Landlord, and Merchant
Bakers, as Tenant.
10.21 1993 Stock Incentive Plan of the Company. (Incorporated by
Reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the S-1)
10.22 (i) Employment Agreement dated June 1, 1993 between the
Company and Robert Abidor. (Incorporated by Reference to
Exhibit 10.19 to the S-1)
(ii) Amendment dated as of June 13, 1996 between the Company and
Robert Abidor amending the Employment Agreement.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 0.0 to the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 13, 1996)
(iii) Termination Agreement dated December 6, 1996 between the
Company and Robert Abidor.
46
Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit
----------- ----------------------
10.23 Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 4, 1994, between
the Company and Pinnacle Financial Group, Inc. and Amendment
No. 1 thereto, dated as of November 8, 1994. (Incorporated by
Reference to Exhibits 1 and 2 of the Company's Current Report
on Form 8-K dated November 9, 1994)
10.24 Stock Purchase Agreement between the Company and Home State
dated June 1, 1993. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit
10.20 to the S-1)
10.25 Memoranda of Reinsurance
(i) Black and Silver Car Commercial Automobile Liability Quota
Share Reinsurance Agreement Effective January 1, 1997 through
January 1, 1998
(ii) Private Passenger Automobile Liability and Physical Damage
Quota Share Reinsurance Agreement Effective January 1, 1997
through January 1, 1998
(iii) Private Passenger and Commercial Automobile Physical Damage
Quota Share Reinsurance Agreement Effective December 31, 1996
through December 31, 1997
(iv) Commercial Automobile Physical Damage Excess of Loss
Reinsurance Agreement Effective January 1, 1997 through
January 1, 1998
(v) First Personal and Commercial Automobile Liability Excess of
Loss Reinsurance Agreement Effective January 1, 1997 through
January 1, 1998
(vi) Second Personal Automobile Liability Excess of Loss
Reinsurance Agreement Effective January 1, 1997 through
January 1, 1998
(vii) Commercial Automobile Liability Excess of Loss Reinsurance
Agreement Second, Third and Fourth Layers Effective January
1, 1997 through January 1, 1998
(viii) Multiple Line Excess of Loss Reinsurance Agreement First,
Second and Third Layers Effective January 1, 1997 through
January 1, 1998
(ix) Medical and Rehabilitation Expenses Excess of Loss
Reinsurance Agreement Effective December 31, 1996 through
January 1, 1998
(x) Property Catastrophe Excess of Loss Reinsurance Agreement
First, Second, Third and Fourth Layers.
(xi) Property Catastrophe Excess of Loss Reinsurance Agreement
Underlying layer for Home Mutual and New York Merchant Bakers
Effective January 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997, both days
inclusive
47
Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit
----------- ----------------------
(xii) Casualty Clash Excess of Loss Reinsurance Agreement First,
Second, Third and Fourth Layers Effective January 1, 1997 to
December 31, 1997, both days inclusive
10.26 Reinsurance Cover Memorandum for Private Passenger and
Commercial Automobile Liability and Physical Damage Quota
Share Reinsurance Agreement (unearned premium reserve) as of
December 31, 1996.
10.27 Sale, Lease and License Agreement dated October 6, 1993
between New York Central and the Company. (Incorporated by
Reference to Exhibit 1 to the Company's Current Report on
Form 8-K dated November 8, 1993)
10.28 Letter Agreement dated October 6, 1993 between New York
Central and the Company. (Incorporated by Reference to
Exhibit 2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 8, 1993)
10.29 (i) Administrative Services Agreement dated June 26, 1989
between New York Central and Home Mutual. (Incorporated by
Reference to Exhibit 3 to the Company's Current Report on
Form 8-K dated November 8, 1993)
(ii) Assignment and Assumption Agreement dated April 1, 1994
between the Company and Home State Insurance Management, Inc.
(Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 10.30(ii) to the 1994
10-K)
10.30 (i) Note Purchase Agreement dated October 5, 1993 between New
York Central and the Company. (Incorporated by Reference to
Exhibit 4 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 8, 1993)
(ii) Four (4) Surplus Notes of Home Mutual each in the principal
amount of $750,000. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 5
to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 8,
1993)
10.31 Subordinated Promissory Note of Home Mutual in the principal
amount of $1,500,000. (Incorporated by Reference to Exhibit 6
to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 8,
1993)
10.32 (i) Stock Purchase Agreement dated August 4, 1994 between the
Company and Pinnacle Financial Group, Inc. (Incorporated by
Reference to Exhibit 1 of the Company's Current Report on
Form 8-K dated November 9, 1994)
(ii) Amendment No. 1 to the Stock Purchase Agreement dated
November 8, 1994 between the Company and Pinnacle Financial
Group, Inc. (Incorporated by Reference to the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 9, 1994)
10.33 Services Agreement dated as of January 1, 1996 between Tower
Hill and Premium Payment Plan. (Incorporated by Reference to
Exhibit 10.38 to the 1995 10-K)
10.34 (i) Loan Agreement dated as of March 4, 1996 among the
Company, Tower Hill, Chase Manhattan Bank (formerly Chemical
Bank), EAB and Chase Manhattan Bank, as agent (the "Agent"),
and notes, Tower Hill security agreement and guaranties
issued pursuant thereto. (Incorporated by Reference to
Exhibit 10.39 to the 1995 10-K)
(ii) First Amendment and Waiver dated as of August 14, 1996 to the
Loan Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to
the October 1996 8-K)
(iii) Second Amendment dated as of October 4, 1996 to the Loan
Agreement and related consent of guarantors and note
endorsements. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to
the October 1996 8-K).
48
Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit
----------- ----------------------
(iv) Third Amendment and Waiver dated as of March 31, 1997 to the
Loan Agreement
(v) Security Agreement dated as of March 31, 1997 by the Company
in favor of the Agent.
10.35 (i) Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of October 4, 1996
among Swiss Re, Reliance and the Company. (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the October 1996 8-K).
(ii) Stockholders' Agreement dated as of October 4, 1996 among the
Company, Swiss Re, Reliance, Michael H. Monier, Edward D.
Herrick and Herrick Partners, L.P. (Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.2 to the October 1996 8-K).
(iii) Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 4, 1996
among Swiss Re, Reliance and the Company. (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the October 1996 8-K).
(iv) Letter Agreement dated as of March 31, 1997 among the
Company, Swiss Re and Reliance.
(v) Management and Consulting Agreement dated October 4, 1996
between the Company and Swiss Re.
(vi) Management and Consulting Agreement dated October 4, 1996
between the Company and Reliance.
(vii Letter Agreement dated October 4, 1996 between Swiss Re and
the Company relating to certain reinsurance arrangements.
(viii) Letter Agreement dated October 4, 1996 between Reliance and
the Company relating to ceded reinsurance agreement.
10.36 Employment Agreement dated as of January 31, 1997 between the
Company and Mark S. Vaughn.
10.37 Employment Agreement dated as of January 31, 1997 between the
Company and Eric A. Reehl.
10.38 Software License Agreement with The Wheatley Group, Ltd.
and related Maintenance and Hardware Purchase Agreements
10.39 Letter Agreement dated August 15, 1996 between the Company
and Isis Consulting, Inc.
11.1 Statement regarding computation of per share earnings.
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company. (Incorporated by Reference to
Exhibit 21.1 to the 1995 10-K).
27 Financial Data Schedule
49
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf
by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC.
Dated: April 15, 1997 By: /s/ MARK S. VAUGHN
-------------------------------
Name: Mark S. Vaughn
Title: President
Pursuant to the Requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons, on behalf of the
Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Name Title Date
---- ----- ----
/s/ MARK S. VAUGHN President, Chief Executive April 15, 1997
- ----------------------------- Officer and Director
Mark S. Vaughn
/s/ MICHAEL H. MONIER Chairman of the Board of April 15, 1997
- ----------------------------- Directors, Secretary and
Michael H. Monier Director
/s/ ERIC A. REEHL Executive Vice President, April 15, 1997
- ----------------------------- Chief Financial Officer,
Eric A. Reehl Assistant Treasurer,
Assistant Secretary and Director
/s/ EDWARD D. HERRICK Director April 15, 1997
- -----------------------------
Edward D. Herrick
/s/ HAROLD C. STOWE Director April 15, 1997
- -----------------------------
Harold C. Stowe
/s/ PEREZ C. EHRICH Director April 15, 1997
- -----------------------------
Perez C. Ehrich
/s/ WILLIAM L. WALLACE Director April 15, 1997
- -----------------------------
William L. Wallace
/s/ ROBERT M. BAYLIS Director April 15, 1997
- -----------------------------
Robert M. Baylis
/s/ HENRY SOPHER
- ----------------------------- Director April 15, 1997
Henry Sopher
/s/ KENNETH E. EDWARDS Senior Vice President - Finance April 15, 1997
- ----------------------------- (principal financial and
Kenneth E. Edwards accounting officer)
50
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page(s) No.
-----------
Report of Independent Accountants............................................................ F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1996 and 1995................................. F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995
and 1994................................................................................ F-4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31,
1996, 1995 and 1994..................................................................... F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1996
1995 and 1994........................................................................... F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................................... F-7 - F-30
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Home State Holdings, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Home State
Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1996 and 1995 and the related
consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1996. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial
statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Home
State Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the
consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1996, in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles.
Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
New York, New York
March 31, 1997
F-2
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 1996 and 1995
ASSETS 1996 1995
---- ----
Investments
Fixed maturity securities held - to - maturity, at amortized cost
(market value 1996; $71,804,747 and 1995; $65,472,575) $71,025,541 $64,115,137
Fixed maturity securities available for sale, at market
value (amortized cost 1996; $8,570,488 and 1995; $11,385,460) 8,582,601 11,523,142
Common stocks, at market value (cost 1996; $360,496) 407,079 --
Short term investments at cost, which approximates market 11,359,406 3,157,274
----------- -----------
Total investments 91,374,627 78,795,553
Cash and cash equivalents 11,842,880 9,544,021
Premiums receivable 44,286,720 40,068,207
Reinsurance recoverable 97,191,184 50,580,799
Prepaid reinsurance premiums 61,778,835 35,486,986
Salvage and subrogation receivable (net of allowance of $600,000 in 1996) 3,646,893 2,971,663
Deferred policy acquisition costs 3,116,542 7,086,287
Surplus notes receivable (at cost, less valuation allowance of $2,620,000 in 1996) 2,350,000 4,500,000
Furniture and equipment (at cost, less accumulated depreciation
and amortization of $1,368,142 and $732,342) 4,029,583 3,058,802
Income taxes recoverable, net 6,053,438 973,963
Deferred tax assets, net 10,148,223 1,889,685
Other assets 7,760,928 5,565,372
------------ ------------
Total assets $343,579,853 $240,521,338
============ ============
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Insurance losses and loss adjustment expense reserves $179,955,063 $95,790,019
Unearned premiums 85,862,693 71,291,232
Reinsurance balances payable 22,717,811 8,532,721
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 3,808,561 3,203,092
Excess of fair value over cost of business acquired -- 3,053,076
Subordinated notes payable, net of original issue discount 16,380,000 16,300,000
Notes payable, bank 5,625,000 2,000,000
Minority interest 792,828 1,298,972
------------ ------------
Total liabilities 315,141,956 201,469,112
------------ ------------
Commitments and contingencies
Mandatory redeemable preferred stock (redemption amount - $10,000,000) 8,525,000 --
------------ ------------
Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 100,000 shares authorized
and none issued and outstanding -- --
Common stock, $.01 par value; (10,000,000 shares
authorized, 5,660,000 shares issued and outstanding) 56,600 56,600
Additional paid-in capital 22,473,463 20,973,463
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of fixed maturity securities
available for sale, net of deferred taxes of ($19,926) and $29,700 38,769 (57,704)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) (2,655,935) 18,079,867
------------ ------------
Total stockholders' equity 19,912,897 39,052,226
------------ ------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $343,579,853 $240,521,338
============ ============
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-3
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Years Ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994
1996 1995 1994
---- ---- ----
Revenues:
Net premiums earned $101,680,053 $58,915,086 $29,894,512
Reinsurance profit sharing (2,426,110) 5,993,112 3,747,636
Net investment income 4,647,194 3,458,692 1,935,434
Financial services group income 3,692,329 2,981,423 2,141,546
Other income 134,723 315,094 452,279
Net realized capital gains (losses) 4,969 269,027 (99,024)
------------ ----------- -----------
Total revenues 107,733,158 71,932,434 38,072,383
------------ ----------- -----------
Expenses:
Insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses 112,395,620 49,306,376 22,693,300
Underwriting expenses and acquisition costs 24,764,987 11,033,682 7,064,851
Other expenses 2,962,927 1,338,000 756,394
Interest expense 2,755,409 2,066,111 503,319
------------ ----------- -----------
Total expenses 142,878,943 63,744,169 31,017,864
------------ ----------- -----------
Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest (35,145,785) 8,188,265 7,054,519
Income tax (benefit) (14,455,783) 2,008,097 2,476,546
Minority interest (benefit) expense (163,104) 57,507 80,500
------------ ----------- -----------
Net income (loss) ($20,526,898) $6,122,661 $4,497,473
Accretion on mandatory redeemable preferred stock (25,000) -- --
Dividends on mandatory redeemable preferred stock (183,904) -- --
------------ ----------- -----------
Net income (loss) available for common shareholders ($20,735,802) $6,122,661 $4,497,473
============ =========== ===========
Net income (loss) per common share and common share equivalent ($3.66) $1.08 $ .79
============ =========== ===========
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 5,660,000 5,660,913 5,685,605
============ =========== ===========
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-4
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1995 AND 1994
Retained
Additional Unrealized Earnings Total
Preferred Common Paid-In Appreciation (Accumulated Stockholders'
Stock Stock Capital (Depreciation) Deficit) Equity
--------- ------- ----------- ------------- ------------- -------------
Balance, December 31, 1993 (56,600 shares) $ -- $56,600 $20,173,463 $319,655 $ 7,459,733 $28,009,451
Net income 4,497,473 4,497,473
Change in unrealized depreciation of fixed
maturity securities available for sale, net
of deferred taxes of $142,000 (583,185) (583,185)
Original issue discount on subordinated
notes payable 800,000 800,000
--------- ------- ----------- -------- ----------- -----------
Balance, December 31, 1994 -- 56,600 20,973,463 (263,530) 11,957,206 32,723,739
Net income 6,122,661 6,122,661
Change in unrealized appreciation
of fixed maturity securities available
for sale, net of deferred taxes of $29,700 205,826 205,826
--------- ------- ----------- -------- ----------- -----------
Balance, December 31, 1995 -- 56,600 20,973,463 (57,704) 18,079,867 39,052,226
Net loss (20,526,898) (20,526,898)
Change in unrealized appreciation of fixed
maturity securities available for sale, net
of deferred taxes of ($19,926) 96,473 96,473
Difference in carrying amount and
redemption amount of mandatory
redeemable preferred stock at date of
issuance 1,500,000 1,500,000
Accumulated accretion of difference in
carrying amount and redemption amount
of mandatory redeemable preferred stock (25,000) (25,000)
Dividends on mandatory redeemable
preferred stock (183,904) (183,904)
--------- ------- ----------- -------- ----------- -----------
Balance, December 31, 1996 $ -- $56,600 $22,473,463 $ 38,769 ($2,655,935) $19,912,897
========= ======= =========== ======== =========== ===========
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years Ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994
1996 1995 1994
---- ---- ----
Operating Activities
Net income (loss) ($20,526,898) $6,122,661 $4,497,473
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Minority interest (benefit) expense (163,104) 57,507 80,500
Net realized capital losses (gains) (4,969) (269,027) 99,024
Depreciation and amortization 869,682 368,810 330,405
Write down of surplus notes receivable 2,620,000 -- --
Decrease (increase) in assets, net of the effects of
acquisitions:
Premiums receivable (4,218,513) (8,160,846) (732,555)
Reinsurance recoverable (46,610,385) (15,530,213) (15,864,908)
Prepaid reinsurance premium (26,291,849) (7,312,864) (1,728,478)
Salvage and subrogation receivable (675,230) (905,179) (729,233)
Deferred policy acquisition costs 3,969,745 (2,600,000) (917,872)
Income taxes recoverable (5,079,475) (1,728,935) (342,272)
Deferred tax assets, net (8,258,538) (161,895) 203,500
Other assets (1,987,715) 1,157,911 (479,315)
Increase (decrease) in liabilities, net of the effects of
acquisitions:
Unearned premiums 14,571,461 15,423,071 3,089,065
Insurance losses and loss adjustment expense
reserves 84,165,044 32,784,755 17,471,757
Reinsurance balance payable 14,185,090 (1,452,335) (994,606)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities (2,367,607) (1,157,826) 817,876
------------ ----------- -----------
Net cash provided by operating activities 4,196,749 16,635,595 4,800,361
------------ ----------- -----------
Investing Activities
Investment in mutual insurance company -- -- (4,000,000)
Purchases of investment securities, net (30,823,096) (31,116,252) (34,804,166)
Proceeds from sale of fixed maturity investments,
available for sale -- 8,118,284 18,008,766
Proceeds from maturity of fixed maturity investments,
available for sale 6,829,955 80,682 --
Proceeds from maturity of fixed maturity investments,
held-to-maturity 11,281,617 8,077,258 4,537,202
Net cash acquired from purchase of Merchant Bakers -- 2,803,758 --
Purchase of Pinnacle, net of cash acquired -- -- (594,026)
Purchase of surplus notes (470,000) -- --
Proceeds from sale of furniture and equipment -- -- 154,663
Purchases of furniture and equipment (1,606,581) (1,344,754) (2,060,861)
------------ ----------- -----------
Net cash used in investing activities (14,788,105) (13,381,024) (18,758,422)
------------- ------------ ------------
Financing Activities
Proceeds from (repayment of) notes receivable, used for
premium finance, net 305,447 (1,853,591) (572,276)
Proceeds from issuance of mandatory redeemable preferred
stock, net of issuance costs 9,486,712 -- --
Payment of cash dividends on preferred stock (183,904) -- --
Proceeds from (repayment) of notes payable bank and
other obligations 3,625,000 2,000,000 --
Proceeds from subordinated notes and other obligations,
net -- -- 16,290,861
Purchase of minority owned shares (343,040) (39,770) (54,043)
------------ ----------- -----------
Net cash provided by financing activities 12,890,215 106,639 15,664,542
------------ ----------- -----------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents 2,298,859 3,361,210 1,706,481
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 9,544,021 6,182,811 4,476,330
------------ ----------- -----------
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $11,842,880 $9,544,021 $6,182,811
============ =========== ===========
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
Cash paid or (recovered) during the year for taxes on
income ($1,068,144) $3,607,701 $2,600,000
============ =========== ===========
Cash paid during the year for interest $2,675,409 $2,549,430 $ --
============ =========== ===========
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-6
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The accounts of Home State Holdings, Inc. ("Holdings") and all of its
wholly-owned subsidiaries (the "Company"), principally Home State Insurance
Company, ("Home State"), New York Merchant Bakers Insurance Company, ("Merchant
Bakers"), Pinnacle Insurance Company ("Pinnacle"), Westbrook Insurance Company
("Westbrook") and majority-owned Quaker City Insurance Company, ("Quaker City"),
are included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Minority
interest represents the non-Company owned interest in Quaker City Holdings, Inc.
All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in
consolidation.
Holdings is a property and casualty insurance holding company primarily
engaged through its subsidiaries in providing personal and commercial auto
insurance in New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Connecticut, West
Virginia, Florida and Georgia. The Company writes standard and preferred
personal auto insurance and does not write non-standard personal auto insurance.
The Company's commercial auto business is focused on providing coverage for
public transportation (predominantly school buses), luxury limousines and local
charter buses. It does not insure long-haul trucking operations, taxi cabs or
similar livery operations. The Company markets its insurance products through a
network of more than 1,000 independent agencies. Of these independent agencies,
approximately 600 have met special qualifying standards and have been designated
as "preferred agencies." Preferred agencies may submit new business to the
Company and are paid a higher commission, while the other independent agencies
can only renew existing policies.
During 1996, two insurance pooling arrangements were created to
facilitate the Company's growth and maximize utilization of its capital and
surplus. The first, the Home State National Pool (the "National Pool"), consists
of Home State, Quaker City, Pinnacle and Westbrook. The second, the Home State
New York Pool (the "New York Pool"), consists of Merchant Bakers and Home Mutual
Insurance Company of Binghamton, New York ("Home Mutual"), a managed affiliate.
Under the pooling arrangements, the participants share premiums, losses and
underwriting expenses on a pro-rata basis relative to their respective
interests. The New York Pool arrangement provides for an 85% / 15% sharing of
the combined net underwriting results between Merchant Bakers and Home Mutual,
respectively.
During 1996, the Company engaged in insurance-related financial services
through three subsidiaries. The financial services group is comprised of Aspen
Intermediaries which provides reinsurance brokerage services; Tower Hill, Inc.
which provides premium finance services; and HSIM L.L.C. (which in 1996
succeeded to the business of Home State Insurance Management, Inc.) which
provides certain administrative services.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared
in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Acquisitions
On October 6, 1994, the Company invested $4.0 million in Westbrook, a
wholly-owned property and casualty insurer domiciled in Connecticut.
F-7
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
On November 9, 1994, the Company acquired all of the common stock of
Pinnacle, a Georgia domiciled property and casualty insurer, for approximately
$1.1 million in cash. Subsequent to the acquisition, the Company made an
additional capital contribution of $4.8 million in Pinnacle to further enhance
its capital base in preparation for an expansion of its underwriting operations.
The acquisition has been accounted for as a purchase, and accordingly, the net
assets and results of operations of Pinnacle are included in the financial
statements beginning November 9, 1994. A portion of the purchase price has been
allocated to the assets and liabilities of Pinnacle based on their respective
fair values. The purchase price exceeded the fair values allocated to Pinnacle's
net assets by $284,000, which during 1995 was included in "excess of fair value
over cost of business acquired" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and was being
amortized over a 5-year period. The remaining excess of cost over fair value was
fully charged to operations during 1996. Net premiums earned and net income of
Pinnacle for the period November 9, 1994 through December 31, 1994 were $396,000
and $160,000, respectively.
On March 2, 1995, the New York State Insurance Department (the
"Superintendent") approved the acquisition of control of Merchant Bakers (which
had been managed by the Company since December 28, 1992) by the Company pursuant
to a Plan of Conversion (the "Plan"), converting Merchant Bakers from a mutual
to a stock insurance company. The closing of this transaction occurred on March
31, 1995, and has been accounted for as a purchase, and accordingly, the net
assets and results of operations of Merchant Bakers are included in the
financial statements beginning March 31, 1995. Net premiums earned and net
income of Merchant Bakers for the period April 1, 1995 through December 31, 1995
were $14.9 million and $2.4 million, respectively.
A portion of the purchase price has been allocated to the assets and
liabilities of Merchant Bakers based on their respective fair values. The Plan
provided for a distribution of $642,000 by Merchant Bakers' to its eligible
policy holders in satisfaction of their equitable interests in Merchant Bakers.
The Company, at the date of acquisition, had $6.0 million in surplus notes
issued by Merchant Bakers and accrued interest related to such surplus notes of
$439,000. Two million dollars of these notes were converted to Merchant Bakers
common stock and additional paid-in capital on March 31, 1995. The remaining
$4.0 million of notes and the accrued interest, which have been eliminated in
consolidation, will be converted to additional paid-in capital upon approval by
the Superintendent. The fair value of net assets acquired exceeded the cost by
$3.6 million, which has been included in "excess of fair value over cost of
business acquired" on the consolidated balance sheets, and was being amortized
straight line over a five year period.
During the second quarter of 1996, the Company reviewed the excess of
fair value of acquired net assets over cost, after considering the effects of
significantly increased provisions for net loss and LAE reserves recorded during
that quarter. As a result of this review, coupled with significant provisions
for net loss and LAE reserves during the fourth quarter of 1996, the Company
reduced the amortization period of the excess from five years to two years.
Accordingly, the remaining balance as of December 31, 1995 of $3.1 million
($0.55 per share), was amortized and recognized in earnings during 1996 as a
reduction to other expenses.
The following unaudited pro forma information shows the results of the
Company's operations as if the purchase of Pinnacle and Merchant Bakers had been
made as of January 1, 1994.
1995 1994
---- ----
Net premiums earned $63,221,605 $44,618,619
Net income $7,725,502 $6,132,342
Net income per common share $1.36 $1.08
F-8
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The unaudited pro forma results of Pinnacle's and Merchant Baker's
operations are not necessarily indicative of the actual results of operations
that would have occurred had the purchase actually been made at the beginning of
the respective periods, or of results which may occur in the future.
Insurance Premiums
Premium revenues are reported as earned over the applicable policy
period using the daily pro-rata method for personal policies and the mid-month
method for commercial policies. Unearned premiums represent the portion of net
premiums written relating to the unexpired terms of coverage.
A significant portion of the Company's revenues are derived from
business produced by a relatively small number of independent agencies. Six
independent agencies submitted an aggregate $70 million of commercial auto
business in 1996, which represented approximately 83% of total commercial auto
business. Future profitability and growth are dependent upon the Company's
ability to retain its current network of independent agencies and its ability to
attract additional experienced independent agencies. The Company performs
ongoing risk and credit evaluations of its agents and insureds. The majority of
the Company's business is written in New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania.
Insurance Losses and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves
Liabilities for insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses include
case estimates for claims reported, actuarial estimates for claims incurred but
not reported ("IBNR"), and estimated expenses for claims investigation and
adjustment. Losses and loss adjustment expenses included in the statement of
income are reflected net of estimated salvage and subrogation for liability
claims. Physical damage salvage and subrogation is reported separately on the
balance sheet.
The loss reserve estimates have been calculated taking into
consideration that the Company has been writing substantially increasing volume
of personal and commercial auto liability business during the last three years
and that in 1995 and 1996 the Company experienced a substantial increase in the
volume of claims reported and change in the rate at which claims are closed.
Because of the absence of sufficient historical loss development data, the IBNR
provision is calculated by reference to industry loss development factors,
adjusted for the company experience where appropriate. The IBNR provision was
estimated using both paid and incurred loss development methods given the
significant changes in the level of case basis reserves at December 31, 1996.
Estimates are continually reviewed and adjusted as necessary; changes in
estimates, if any, are reflected in operations in the period in which they are
determined.
Reinsurance
In the normal course of business, the Company seeks to reduce the loss
that may arise from catastrophes and other events that cause unfavorable
underwriting results by reinsuring certain levels of risk in various areas of
exposure with reinsurers. The Company's reinsurance intermediary performs due
diligence to ensure that reinsurers with whom the Company has reinsurance
contracts are financially able to perform under the terms of the contract.
The Company accounts for its reinsurance in accordance with the
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 113, "Accounting
and Reporting for Reinsurance of Short-Duration and Long-Duration Contracts"
("SFAS 113"). Reinsurance recoverable includes ceded recoverables on paid and
unpaid losses. Prepaid reinsurance premiums represents ceded unearned premiums.
The Company receives profit sharing from reinsurers based upon the
results of the Company's ceded risks. These estimated recoveries are accrued and
included in the statement of income. Amounts recoverable from reinsurers are
estimated in a manner consistent with the claim liability associated with the
reinsured policy.
F-9
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The profit sharing recognized is refundable should the reinsurers
experience adverse loss development, however, any such retroactive adjustments
cannot exceed the amount of recoveries on reinsurance premiums previously
recognized by the Company. Included in reinsurance profit sharing in the
statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 1996 is profit sharing
accrued for policy year 1996 of approximately $9.0 million net of return profit
sharing on 1995 and prior policy years of approximately $11.4 million. The
Company had a receivable from reinsurers at December 31, 1996 of approximately
$9.0 million which is included in reinsurance balances payable.
Investments
The Company accounts for its investments in accordance with Statement
of Financial Accounting Standard No. 115 "Accounting for Certain Investments in
Debt and Equity Securities" ("SFAS 115").
Investments in fixed maturities classified as "available for sale" are
carried at market value. The net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on
available for sale investments is recognized as a separate component of
stockholders' equity, net of deferred income taxes. Such investments are carried
at market because, although the Company may have the ability to hold these
investments to maturity, its present intent is to hold these securities for
indefinite periods of time, disposing of securities as its investment strategy
changes.
Investments in fixed maturities classified as "held-to-maturity" are
carried at amortized cost.
Common stocks are carried at market value based on quoted market
prices.
Realized investment gains or losses are determined on a specific
identification basis and are included in net income. Investment income is
recorded as earned. Premiums or discounts at acquisition are amortized over the
life of the security. This amortization is included in investment income.
In December 1995, FASB issued "Special Report, A Guide to the
Implementation of Statement No. 115 on Accounting for Certain Investments in
Debt and Equity Securities." Among other things, this guide provided for a
transition provision permitting a one-time transfer without prejudice of debt
securities from the held to maturity classification to the available for sale
classification. In December 1995, fixed maturities classified as
held-to-maturity with an aggregate amortized cost of $10,681,915 and unrealized
appreciation of $131,569 were reclassified as available-for-sale.
Short-term investments consisting of certificates of deposit with
original maturity greater than 90 days and less than one year are carried at
cost, which approximates market value.
Furniture and Equipment
Furniture and equipment, which includes computer hardware, software and
leasehold improvements is carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation.
Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated
useful lives of the assets which range from 5 to 10 years.
Income Taxes
The Company files a consolidated federal tax return with all of its
subsidiaries, except for Quaker City, which files a consolidated return with its
parent, Quaker City Holdings, Inc.
The Company utilizes the asset and liability method of accounting for
income taxes as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109,
"Accounting for Income Taxes." Under this method, deferred income taxes
(benefits) are provided for temporary differences for the expected future tax
consequences of events that have been recognized for financial reporting
purposes or federal income tax purposes.
F-10
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Policy Acquisition Costs
Policy acquisition costs, which vary with and are primarily related to
the production of business, are comprised of commissions, premium taxes and
underwriting expenses, net of ceding commissions and are deferred and amortized
over the period which the related premiums are earned. Amounts deferred are
calculated using loss and loss expense ratios that are consistent with loss
reserving estimates for each of the Company's pooling arrangements. Effective
October 1, 1996, the Company changed its policy and considers anticipated
investment income in determining the amount of acquisition costs that can be
deferred.
Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Stock
Mandatory redeemable preferred stock consists of 10,000 shares of
Series "A" Cumulative Voting Preferred 7.5% Stock (the "Preferred Stock") and is
carried at its estimated fair value of $8,500,000 as of October 4, 1996, the
date of issuance, plus accumulated accretion of the difference between fair
market value and the redemption amount of $10,000,000. Such difference is being
accreted using the interest method over 14 years (to October 4, 2010, the date
of redemption) with a corresponding charge to retained earnings. Each share of
Preferred Stock carries with it, detachable Series "A" Warrants to purchase 140
shares of the Company's common stock for $9.50 per share at any time until
October 4, 2003.
Estimated fair value of the Preferred Stock was determined by taking
into consideration, among other things, the value assigned to the detachable
warrants of $1.5 million and a comparison of debt offerings of similar size and
structure to that of the Company's offering. The fair value of the warrants is
included in additional paid-in capital.
Surplus Notes Receivable
The Company holds surplus notes in Home Mutual which are stated at
cost, net of a valuation allowance. The demand notes, which have no stated
maturity date, bear interest at prime to prime plus 1% and New York Department
of Insurance approval is required before any interest and principal can be
repaid. Such approval has not been made and accordingly, the Company does not
accrue interest on these notes.
The Company is accounting for the surplus notes in accordance with the
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 114 ("SFAS 114"),
"Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan" which requires that impaired
loans be measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows. As a
result of operating losses and reductions in Home Mutual's statutory based
surplus occurring in 1996, a determination of net realizable value of the
surplus notes was estimated to be $2.4 million, resulting in a valuation
allowance of $2.6 million which has been charged to operations and is included
in other expenses.
Financial Services Group Income
Included in financial services group income are brokerage fees received
in connection with the placement of the Company's reinsurance programs with
third party reinsurers. Brokerage fees, which amounted to $2.1 million, $1.6
million and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994,
respectively, are based on ceded premiums. Also included in financial services
group income are fees earned for management services performed on behalf of Home
Mutual which are recognized when earned. These fees amounted to $775,000 and
$1.0 million for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively. As a
result of operating losses and reductions in Home Mutual's statutory surplus, no
such fees were recognized in 1996. Tower Hill received $1.5 million in financing
income in 1996 and $604,000 in 1995. Tower Hill had net financing receivables
outstanding of $1.7 million and $1.9 million at December 31, 1996 and 1995,
respectively, which are included in other assets in the consolidated balance
sheet.
Statement of Cash Flows
For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers
certificates of deposit in banks with original maturities of 90 days or less to
be cash equivalents.
F-11
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Supplementary information for the consolidated statement of cash flows
relating to the acquisition of Merchant Bakers and Pinnacle is set forth below:
Merchant Bakers Pinnacle
1995 1994
--------------- ---------
Fair value of assets acquired $60,518,286 $5,876,031
Liabilities assumed 60,518,286 4,793,712
----------- ----------
Cash paid -- 1,082,319
Less cash acquired (2,803,758) (488,293)
---------- ---------
Net cash paid for (acquired in) acquisition ($2,803,758) $594,026
========== =========
Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share
Net income (loss) per common share is computed based upon the weighted
average number of common shares and common share equivalents (detachable
warrants and options to purchase common stock) outstanding during the year and
after adjustment to net income (loss) for dividends on mandatory redeemable
preferred stock and the associated accretion of the difference in the carrying
amount and redemption amount of such preferred stock.
Stock Incentive Plan
In October 1995, SFAS issued Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 123, "Accounting for Awards of Stock-Based Compensation to
Employees" ("SFAS 123"). SFAS 123 established accounting and reporting standards
for stock-based employee compensation plans. SFAS 123 provides employers a
choice: Adopt SFAS 123 accounting standards for all stock compensation
arrangements which requires the recognition of expense for the fair value of
virtually all stock compensation awards; or, continue to account for stock
options and other forms of stock compensation under APB No. 25 "Accounting for
Stock Issued to Employees" while also providing the disclosure required under
SFAS 123. During 1996, the Company adopted only the disclosure requirements of
SFAS 123 for its stock incentive plan.
New Accounting Standards
In February 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earning per Share" (SFAS
128"). For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 the Company has
followed the standards established under APB No. 15 for computing and presenting
earnings per share ("EPS"). SFAS 128 establishes standards for computing and
presenting EPS and applies to entities with publicly held common stock or
potential common stock. SFAS 128 replaces primary EPS, as defined in APB No. 15,
with basic EPS. Additionally, SFAS 128 requires dual presentation of basic and
diluted EPS on the face of the statement of operations for all entities with
complex capital structures. SFAS also requires certain disclosures including: 1)
a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation
to the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS computation; 2) the effect
given to preferred dividends in arriving at income available to common
shareholders and; 3) securities that could potentially dilute basic EPS in the
future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because to do so
would have been anti-dilutive for the period(s) presented.
SFAS 128 is effective for financial statements issued for periods
ending after December 15, 1997 and requires restatement of all prior period EPS
data presented.
The Company has calculated basic and diluted EPS, as defined in SFAS
128 and interpreted by the Company based on information currently available, and
has determined that such amounts do not differ materially from primary EPS,
which is reflected in the Company's statement of operations, for the years
presented.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in prior year financial statements have been
reclassified to conform with the 1996 presentation.
F-12
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
2. Investments
The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated
market value of investments in fixed maturity securities held-to-maturity and
available for sale at December 31, 1996 are as follows:
December 31, 1996
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross Estimated
Amortized unrealized unrealized market
cost gains losses value
--------- ---------- ---------- ---------
Fixed Maturities:
Held-To-Maturity Securities:
U.S. Government obligations $ 2,242,429 $ 8,862 -- $ 2,251,291
States, municipalities and
political subdivisions 49,025,064 744,239 9,534 49,759,769
Corporate securities 19,758,048 172,690 137,051 19,793,687
----------- -------- -------- -----------
Total 71,025,541 925,791 146,585 71,804,747
----------- -------- -------- -----------
Available for Sale Securities:
U.S. Government Obligations 2,057,754 11,380 10,608 2,058,526
States, municipalities and
political subdivisions 4,623,105 22,350 905 4,644,550
Corporate securities 1,889,629 11 10,115 1,879,525
----------- -------- -------- -----------
Total 8,570,488 33,741 21,628 8,582,601
----------- -------- -------- -----------
Short term investments 11,359,406 -- -- 11,359,406
----------- -------- -------- -----------
Total investments $90,955,435 $959,532 $168,213 $91,746,754
=========== ======== ======== ===========
The cost, market value and unrealized gain on common stocks was
$360,496, $407,079 and $46,583, respectively, at December 31, 1996. There were
no common stocks held by the Company at December 31, 1995.
F-13
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated
market value of investments in fixed maturity securities held-to-maturity and
available for sale at December 31, 1995 are as follows:
December 31, 1995
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross Estimated
Amortized unrealized unrealized market
cost gains losses value
--------- ---------- ---------- ---------
Fixed Maturities:
Held-To-Maturity Securities:
U.S. Government obligations $11,506,159 $70,198 $ -- $11,576,357
States, municipalities and
political subdivisions 46,664,995 1,024,461 80,355 47,609,101
Corporate securities 6,169,069 124,916 6,868 6,287,117
----------- ---------- -------- -----------
Total 64,340,223 1,219,575 87,223 65,472,575
----------- ---------- -------- -----------
Available for Sale Securities:
U.S. Government Obligations 2,746,424 105,232 6,217 2,845,439
States, municipalities and
political subdivisions 8,539,036 52,771 14,104 8,577,703
Corporate securities 100,000 -- -- 100,000
----------- ---------- -------- -----------
Total 11,385,460 158,003 20,321 11,523,142
----------- ---------- -------- -----------
Short term investments 3,157,274 -- -- 3,157,274
----------- ---------- -------- -----------
Total investments $78,882,957 $1,377,578 $107,544 $80,152,991
=========== ========== ======== ===========
As a result of the transfer of certain securities from available for
sale to held-to-maturity in 1994, the amortized cost for those securities
classified as held-to-maturity in the table above will differ from that reported
in the Consolidated Balance Sheet by $225,086 (which represents the remaining
unamortized, unrealized loss as of December 31, 1995). Such balance was fully
amortized during 1996.
The amortized cost and estimated market value of fixed maturity
securities at December 31, 1996, by contractual maturity, are shown below:
Available for Sale Held to Maturity
------------------------------ -----------------------------
Estimated Estimated
Amortized Market Amortized Market
Cost Value Cost Value
--------- ---------- --------- ---------
Due within one year $2,591,401 $2,595,070 $ 7,393,722 $ 7,411,985
Due after one year but within five years 4,679,573 4,688,006 51,571,050 52,056,974
Due after five years but within ten years 1,299,514 1,299,525 11,419,311 11,676,514
Due after ten years -- -- 641,458 659,274
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------
Total $8,570,488 $8,582,601 $71,025,541 $71,804,747
========== ========== =========== ===========
F-14
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The change in unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity investments
available for sale and realized gains and losses are summarized below:
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------
1996 1995 1994
---- ---- ----
Unrealized gains (losses) $99,517 $318,126 $ (897,185)
======= ======== ==========
Gross realized gains $11,386 $324,936 $7,011
Gross realized losses (6,417) (55,909) (106,035)
------- -------- ----------
Net realized capital gains (losses) $4,969 $269,027 $ (99,024)
======= ======== ==========
The change in unrealized gains on common stocks for the year ended
December 31, 1996 was $46,583. There were no realized gains on common stocks in
1996 and no common stocks were held by the Company during the years ended
December 31, 1995 and 1994.
Net investment income is derived from the following sources:
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------
1996 1995 1994
---- ---- ----
Fixed maturities $4,183,799 $3,177,335 $1,490,774
Short term investments and cash 936,171 503,060 539,750
----------- ----------- -----------
Gross investment income 5,119,970 3,680,395 2,030,524
Investment expenses (472,776) (221,703) (95,090)
---------- ---------- -----------
Net investment income $4,647,194 $3,458,692 $1,935,434
=========== =========== ==========
F-15
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
None of the Company's investments were in default or non-income
producing at December 31, 1996. At December 31, 1996 substantially all
securities carried an S & P rating of A or better.
3. Statutory Deposits
Cash in the amount of $766,061 and $1,601,275 and securities with a
carrying value of $4,073,493 and $3,319,047 were deposited by the Company under
requirements of regulatory authorities as of December 31, 1996 and 1995,
respectively.
4. Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs
The following reflects the policy acquisition costs deferred for
amortization against future income and the related amortization charged to
income, excluding certain amounts deferred and amortized in the same period:
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
----------- ----------- ----------
Balance at January 1 $ 7,086,287 $ 3,735,726 $2,617,854
Balance assumed in respect of Merchant Bakers
acquisition -- 750,561 --
Acquisition costs incurred 21,530,343 14,021,173 8,362,053
Amortized to expense (25,500,088) (11,421,173) (7,244,181)
----------- ----------- ----------
Balance at December 31 $ 3,116,542 $ 7,086,287 $3,735,726
=========== =========== ==========
Effective October 1, 1996, the Company changed its method of accounting
for deferred policy acquisition costs to include anticipated investment income
in determining the amount of acquisition costs that can be deferred. The effect
of the change was to increase deferred policy acquisition costs and reduce the
loss before income taxes and minority interest by approximately $1.4 million as
of and for the year ended December 31, 1996.
5. Surplus Notes Receivable
In November 1993, the Company assumed the administration of Home Mutual
and purchased $3.0 million of Home Mutual's surplus notes. At this time, the
Company also loaned $1.5 million to Home Mutual in the form of a subordinated
note. During 1996, the Company purchased an additional $470,000 surplus note.
The notes bear interest at rates from prime to prime plus one. However, all
principal and interest payments are subject to the prior approval of the
Insurance Department of the State of New York. The Company has not received and
does not accrue interest income on these notes (which amounted to $3.5 million
at December 31, 1996). As discussed in Note 1, a valuation allowance of $2.62
million has been established against the aggregate $4.97 million cost of these
surplus notes. This was the result of operating losses incurred by Home Mutual
in 1996. Home Mutual's statutory audit report for the year ended December 31,
1995 included a material uncertainty in connection with Home Mutual's ability to
continue as a going concern. Home Mutual had statutory surplus of $1.55 million
as of December 31, 1996 and incurred a net statutory loss of $1.9 million for
the year ended December 31, 1996. Home Mutual's reported surplus at December 31,
1996 is below authorized control level risk based capital by approximately
$420,000.
F-16
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The Company, through HSIM L.L.C., has a management contract with Home
Mutual, whereby the Company provides, on a fee basis, various services including
accounting, claims, underwriting, management information systems and financial
management services for Home Mutual. The Company's revenues include management
fee income of $775,000 and $1.0 million for 1995 and 1994, respectively. No such
fees were recognized in 1996. Certain Home State officers and directors also
serve as officers and directors of Home Mutual.
On October 29, 1996 an arbitration commenced between New York Central
Mutual Insurance Company ("NYCM") against Home Mutual. NYCM seeks an award of
$1,200,000 against Home Mutual for payment to NYCM of amounts it alleges are due
to it by reason of claims for reinsurance payments under two excess of loss
reinsurance treaties. The claim arises out of a loss transfer agreement dated
October 5, 1993 between NYCM and Home Mutual (the "Agreement"), pursuant to
which NYCM assumed liability for all claims against Home Mutual relating to
occurrences on or prior to September 30, 1993. In consideration therefore, Home
Mutual assigned to NYCM all of Home Mutual's rights under its reinsurance
agreements relating to such claims, including the excess of loss treaties which
provided that as losses and loss adjustment expense were actually paid within
the layer covered by the treaties, the ceded premium payable would be increased,
dollar for dollar, until the total ceded premium payable with respect to such
treaties aggregated 10% of the net premium written. In practice, the result was
that no reinsurance recoverables would be paid under the excess of loss treaties
until paid losses exceeded 10% of net premium written. NYCM claims that
subsequent to September 30, 1993 it has paid approximately $1 million in losses
and loss adjustment expense relating to the layer covered by the Excess of Loss
Treaties which has not been reimbursed since the aggregate of 10% of net written
premium has not been reached. It alleges, in effect, that in order for NYCM to
have the benefit of the Excess of Loss Treaties, Home Mutual should make these
payments. Since these losses occurred prior to September 30, 1993, Home Mutual
believes they are the responsibility of NYCM under the Agreement. Home Mutual
has denied liability. While the result of the arbitration cannot be predicted
with certainty, management believes that it is not probable that this
arbitration will be decided against Home Mutual.
6. Notes and Other Obligations Payable
On October 3, 1994, the Company received net proceeds of $16.3 million
from the private placement of $17.0 million of ten-year subordinated notes which
bear an interest rate of 11.5% per annum and have detachable common stock
warrants entitling the holders to purchase an aggregate of 255,000 shares of
common stock at $13.80 per share (which was reduced to $9.52 in 1996 in
consideration for certain modifications to the terms of the notes). These
warrants were assigned an estimated fair value of $800,000 at the time of
issuance and have been recorded as a discount on the issuance of the notes and
as an addition to paid-in capital. Costs incurred in connection with issuance of
the notes, amounted to approximately $710,000 and are capitalized and included
in other assets. Such deferred costs and the discount are being amortized using
the effective yield method over the life of the notes. At December 31, 1996, the
Company was in compliance with debt covenants related to subordinated notes.
In September, 1995, the Company borrowed $2 million under a $7.5
million revolving credit facility it maintained with a bank and infused the
proceeds as additional capital and surplus into its New Jersey insurance
subsidiary. The credit line bore interest at prime which approximated 8.5% at
December 31, 1995 and had a maturity date of September 29, 1996. Interest was
payable on a monthly basis. In February 1996, such line of credit was replaced
by a $13.0 million line of credit on behalf of Tower Hill and a $5.0 million
line of credit for use by the Company, of which $625,000 and $5,000,000 was
outstanding and $12,375,000 and $0 was available, respectively, as of December
31, 1996. The credit line bore interest at the bank's LIBOR rate plus 2% which
approximated 8.00% at December 31, 1996 and on a weighted average basis was 8%
during 1996. Interest is payable on a monthly basis. The line of credit
agreement is collateralized by the premium finance receivables of Tower Hill and
certain assets of the Company's financial services group.
F-17
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The agreement contains certain covenants, the more restrictive of which
require the maintenance of certain statutory net premiums written to surplus
ratios, minimum debt service coverage ratios and minimum consolidated equity
computed under GAAP. The Company obtained waivers from the bank on March 31,
1997 for violations existing at December 31, 1996 of certain of these covenants.
In addition, the line of credit agreement was amended and availability was
eliminated for the Company's premium finance operations and was reduced to $4.0
million for the holding Company (upon repayment of $1.0 million by the Company
in March, 1997) and the maturity date was extended to February 28, 1998. The
amendments provide for an increase in interest rates, monthly repayments of
$100,000 and prepayments of the net proceeds from any sale of a subsidiary or a
subsidiary's assets to further reduce the outstanding line in addition to the
requirement that the Company maintain consolidated GAAP equity of at least the
level at least $28.5 million.
7. Reinsurance
The Company has reinsured certain portions of its personal and
commercial insurance coverages to limit the amount of losses on claims. The
Company is not, however, relieved of its primary obligation to the policyholder
in a reinsurance transaction. The Company is contingently liable for the ceded
risks to the extent that reinsuring companies are unable to meet their
obligations on these agreements. The Company evaluates the financial condition
of its reinsurers and attempts to minimize its exposure to significant losses
from reinsurer insolvencies by contracting with highly rated reinsurers who are
all rated A- or better by A.M. Best.
The Company has entered into quota share agreements for its physical
damage business which provides that the Company cedes on any one vehicle 40% of
the first $85,000 (policy limits) and 40% of the first $125,000 (policy limits)
for personal and commercial losses, respectively. In addition, the Company is
reinsured in excess of $500,000, not to exceed $20,000,000 on each and every
loss occurrence under a catastrophic excess of loss agreement which covers the
maximum amount of coverage written by the Company.
The Company has entered into excess of loss reinsurance agreements
which have the effect of limiting its ultimate liability retained on a single
loss to $40,000 for 1994 and 1995 and $50,000 for 1996 for its commercial and
private passenger liability losses. The excess of loss treaties reinsure the
Company's commercial and private passenger automobile liability policies to
their maximum written limits ($5,000,000 and $700,000, respectively, per loss
occurrence).
In an effort to increase the available statutory surplus in the
Company's National Pool, the Company effected an unearned premium reserve quota
share reinsurance treaty at December 31, 1996. Under the terms of the treaty,
$21.9 million of unearned premium reserve was ceded, which when adjusted for
ceding commissions earned by the Company, increased the available statutory
surplus of the National Pool by $7.1 million. There was no impact on GAAP equity
or net income as a result of this transaction.
F-18
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The effect of reinsurance on premiums written and earned is as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------
1996 1995 1994
---- ---- ----
Premiums Written
Direct and Assumed $207,367,102 $124,796,731 $58,237,004
Ceded (117,407,437) (57,770,169) (26,990,541)
------------ ------------ -----------
Net of Reinsurance $ 89,959,665 $ 67,026,562 $31,246,463
============ ============ ===========
Premiums Earned
Direct and Assumed $188,267,549 $109,370,359 $54,811,984
Ceded (86,587,496) (50,455,273) (24,917,472)
------------ ------------ -----------
Net of Reinsurance $101,680,053 $58,915,086 $29,894,512
============ ============ ===========
Included in the 1996 assumed written premium and ceded written premium
is $25,367,400 and $12,362,462, respectively, resulting from the pooling
arrangement with Home Mutual. Included in the 1996 assumed earned premium and
ceded earned premium is $16,295,632 and $6,335,556, respectively, resulting from
the pooling arrangement with Home Mutual.
Reinsurance recoveries which reduced insurance losses and loss
adjustment expenses incurred amounted to $68,915,523, $34,475,434 and
$15,494,408, respectively for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994.
Included in the 1996 reinsurance recoveries is $6,758,780 resulting from the
pooling arrangement with Home Mutual.
Underwriting expenses in the accompanying consolidated statement of
income have been reduced by reinsurance ceding commissions of $24,925,480,
$18,665,189 and $8,461,876 for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994,
respectively. Included in the 1996 reinsurance ceding commissions is $77,190
relating to the pooling arrangement with Home Mutual.
Supplemental information for gross unearned premiums and loss reserves
net of ceded reinsurance at December 31, 1996 and 1995 is as follows:
1996
----
As Net of
Reported Reinsurance
---------- -------------
Reinsurance recoverable $97,191,184
Prepaid reinsurance premium 61,778,835
Unearned premiums (85,862,693) ($24,083,858)
Insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses (179,955,063) (82,763,879)
1995
----
As Net of
Reported Reinsurance
---------- -------------
Reinsurance recoverable $50,580,799
Prepaid reinsurance premium 35,486,986
Unearned premiums (71,291,232) $35,804,246
Insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses (95,790,019) 45,209,220
F-19
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Included in reinsurance recoverable at December 31, 1996 of $97.2
million is $1.3 million in reinsurance recoverable on paid losses and loss
adjustment expenses, $51.5 million in reinsurance recoverables on case reserves
and $44.4 million in reinsurance recoverable on IBNR. The balance at December
31, 1995 of $50.6 million consisted of $1.2 million in reinsurance recoverable
on paid losses and loss adjustment expenses, $16.3 million in reinsurance
recoverables on unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses and $33.1 million in
reinsurance recoverable on IBNR.
8. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107, "Disclosures about
Fair Value of Financial Instruments" (SFAS 107) requires disclosure of fair
value information about financial instruments for which it is practicable to
estimate such fair value. SFAS 107 excludes certain financial instruments,
including those related to insurance contracts.
The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in
estimating the fair value of the financial instruments presented: (i) Cash and
cash equivalents and short-term investments. The carrying amounts reported for
these instruments approximate fair values. (ii) Fixed maturity securities. Fair
values for fixed maturity securities carried at amortized cost or at market
value were generally based upon quoted market prices. For certain fixed maturity
securities for which market prices were not readily available, fair values were
estimated using values obtained from independent pricing services. (iii) Surplus
notes receivable. The carrying amounts reported approximate the estimated fair
value of the notes and were determined based on the net present value of
estimated future cash flows. (iv) Subordinated notes payable. The carrying value
and the fair value of these obligations amounted to $16.4 million and $18.0
million at December 31, 1996, respectively. The fair value was estimated using
discounted cash flow calculations based upon an estimate of the Company's
current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowings with maturities
consistent with those for the debt being valued. (v) Notes payable bank. The
carrying amount of these short term borrowings approximates fair value.
(vi) Mandatory redeemable preferred stock. The carrying amount represents
estimated fair value at the date of issuance determined by taking into
consideration, among other things, the value assigned to the detachable warrants
and a comparison of debt offerings of similar size and stature. (vii) Common
stocks are carried at quoted market prices.
F-20
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
9. Insurance Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves
The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and
ending reserve balances for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense reserves,
net of reinsurance:
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
---- ---- ----
Reserves for losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverable,
at beginning of year $ 45,209 $18,410 $13,735
Reserve for losses and LAE assumed in respect of Pinnacle
acquisition in 1994 and Merchant Bakers acquisition in 1995 -- 9,544 3,068
-------- ------- -------
45,209 27,954 16,803
-------- ------- -------
Incurred losses and LAE:
Provision for insured events of the current year 89,038 45,065 21,559
Increase in provision for insured events of prior years 23,357 4,241 1,134
-------- ------- -------
Total incurred losses and LAE 112,395 49,306 22,693
-------- ------- -------
Payments:
Losses and LAE attributable to insured events of the current year 39,286 16,465 10,365
Losses and LAE attributable to insured events of prior years 35,554 15,586 10,721
-------- ------- -------
Total payments 74,840 32,051 21,086
-------- ------- -------
Reserves for losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverable,
at end of year 82,764 45,209 18,410
Reinsurance recoverables on reserves for losses and LAE,
at end of year 97,191 50,581 26,546
-------- ------- -------
Reserves for losses and LAE, gross of reinsurance recoverables,
at end of year $179,955 $95,790 $44,956
======== ======= =======
During the second quarter of 1996, the Company noted a significant
increase in the volume of reported claims falling below the reinsurance
attachment points, over and above the frequency anticipated in its calculation
of loss reserves. At the same time, the Company conducted a thorough overall
re-evaluation of its business plan and the profitability of the underlying
business. As a result, management increased loss reserves by $12 million in the
second quarter, predominantly within IBNR.
In the remainder of 1996, the Company continued to reassess its current
and prior year loss experience. In addition to addressing loss reserving and
growth issues, the Company also strengthened senior management and supervisory
personnel in claims administration, as well as employing an internal actuary to
assist with loss reserving estimates and pricing of risks. As a result of the
reassessment, the Company made significant additional loss reserve increases in
the fourth quarter of 1996, which resulted in a 1996 loss ratio of 113% and
total adverse development of $23 million on 1995 and prior accident year loss
reserves.
F-21
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
10. Mandatory Redeemable Preferred Stock
On October 4, 1996, the Company completed the sale of 10,000 shares of
its Series A Cumulative Voting Preferred Stock (the "Preferred Stock") for
$10,000,000. Each holder purchased $5,000,000 of the Preferred Stock. In
addition, such holders will provide significant reinsurance on the Company's
1997 book of business and were provided representation on the Board of Directors
of the Company. Proceeds of the sale were used to increase the statutory surplus
of Merchant Bakers.
Each share of Preferred Stock is entitled to one vote along with the
Company's common stock and carries a dividend rate of 7.5%. The Company may call
the Preferred Stock for redemption at any time after the fourth anniversary of
the closing subject to a declining prepayment penalty. The Preferred Stock must
be redeemed at $1,000 per share plus any accumulated dividends in five equal
tranches at the 10th through 14th anniversaries of the closing (October 4,
2010).
Each share of Preferred Stock carries with it detachable Series A
Warrants ("Warrants") to purchase 140 shares of the Company's common stock for
$9.50 per share at any time until October 4, 2003. The number of shares of the
Company's common stock deliverable upon exercise of the warrants, and the
exercise price thereof, are subject to adjustment. If all of the Warrants issued
in connection with the $10,000,000 of Preferred Stock issued were to be
exercised, the common stock purchased would represent approximately 19.8% of the
Company's issued and outstanding common stock at December 31, 1996.
The Preferred Stock agreement contains certain covenants similar to
those required under the line of credit agreements described in Note 6.
Violations of such covenants only cause a redemption event if assessed to have a
"Material Adverse Effect" on the Company as defined in the agreement. The
Company has obtained a waiver from the Preferred Stockholders dated March 31,
1997 for a violation existing at December 31, 1996 of a certain covenant.
In connection with the Preferred Stock issuance, the Preferred
Stockholders, the Company, and certain common stockholders (the "Management
Group") entered into an agreement whereby the Management Group and the Company
would cooperate with the Preferred Stockholders with regard to certain corporate
governance matters. At the date of the Preferred Stock issuance, the Management
Group owned 20% of the outstanding common stock of the Company.
F-22
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
11. Income Taxes
The Company and its subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. Federal
Income Tax return. The Company's U.S. federal tax rate was 34% for 1996, 1995
and 1994. Current income tax expense (benefit) calculated at the statutory
corporate tax rate differs from the expense (benefit) included in the
accompanying financial statements due to the following:
1996 1995 1994
---------------------- ------------------- --------------------
AMOUNT RATE AMOUNT RATE AMOUNT RATE
------------ ----- ---------- ---- ---------- -----
Income tax (benefit) computed on
pre-tax operating income
at statutory rate ($11,949,567) (34.0)% $2,784,010 34.0% $2,398,536 34.0%
Tax exempt investment income (699,288) (1.9) (718,931) (8.8) (348,669) (4.9)
Goodwill amortization (1,038,020) (2.9) (98,087) (1.2) -- --
Other, primarily prior year
income tax accrual (768,908) (2.2) 41,105 0.5 426,679 6.0
------------ ----- ---------- ---- ---------- ----
Total income tax expense ($14,455,783) (41.0)% $2,008,097 24.5% $2,476,546 35.1%
============ ===== ========== ==== ========== ====
Components of the total income tax expense are as follows:
December 31,
------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
---- ---- ----
Current tax expense (benefit) ($6,147,619) $2,225,546 $2,273,046
Deferred income tax expense (benefit) (8,308,164) (217,449) 203,500
------------ ---------- ----------
Total ($14,455,783) $2,008,097 $2,476,546
============ ========== ==========
The components of the net deferred tax asset are as follows:
December 31,
-------------------------------
1996 1995
---- ----
Deferred tax assets:
Discounting of liability for insurance losses and LAE $ 2,990,428 $1,834,585
Unearned premium adjustments 1,637,702 2,434,700
Surplus notes receivable - valuation allowance 890,800 --
Other -- 29,700
Net operating loss and alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards 5,738,516 --
----------- ----------
Total deferred tax assets 11,257,446 4,298,985
----------- ----------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred policy acquisition costs (1,059,625) (2,409,300)
Other (49,598) --
----------- ----------
Total deferred tax liabilities (1,109,223) (2,409,300)
----------- ----------
Valuation allowance -- --
----------- ----------
Net deferred tax assets $10,148,223 $1,889,685
=========== ==========
F-23
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The Company has recorded a net deferred tax asset of $10.1 million
comprised of the benefit of $5.7 million in net operating loss and alternative
minimum tax credit carryforwards which expire in 2011 and $4.4 million in other
net temporary differences. Realization of the net deferred tax asset is
dependent on generating sufficient taxable income prior to expiration of the
loss carryforwards. Although realization is not assured, management believes it
is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets will be realized.
The amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, will be
reduced if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward periods
are reduced.
12. Stock Incentive Plan
The Company maintains a Stock Incentive Plan (the "Plan") which enables
officers, directors and key employees of the Company to participate in the
Company's future and to enable the Company to attract and retain these persons
by offering them proprietary interests in the Company. The Plan provides for the
issuance of up to 350,000 shares of Common Stock and is administered by a
committee appointed by the Board of Directors. The Plan provides for the
issuance of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, deferred
stock or combinations thereof.
Two types of stock options may be granted under the Plan: Incentive
stock options which are intended to qualify under Section 422 of the Internal
Revenue Code, and non-qualified stock options. The exercise price of each option
granted under the Plan may not be less than the fair market value (for incentive
stock options) or 85% of the fair market value (for non-qualified stock options)
of the underlying shares on the date of grant. The Plan committee determines the
option exercise period, which may not exceed ten years. The options granted
generally vest at 20% per year over a five year period except for certain of the
options granted during 1996 which are fully or partially vested. As of December
31, 1996, options for 102,988 shares were fully vested and options for 65,140
shares were available to be granted in the future.
The Company accounts for stock options using the provisions of APB
Opinion 25 and related interpretations in accounting for the plan. Accordingly,
no compensation cost has been recognized in the financial statements. The
following disclosures are provided in accordance with SFAS 123, "Accounting for
Awards of Stock-Based Compensation to Employees", which as discussed in Note 1,
was adopted by the Company in 1996 for disclosure requirement purposes only.
F-24
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
A summary of the status of the Plan as of December 31, 1996, 1995 and
1994 and changes during the years ending on those dates is presented below:
1996 1995 1994
-------------------------- --------------------------- ---------------------------
Weighted Average Weighted Average Weighted Average
Stock Options Shares Exercise Price Shares Exercise Price Shares Exercise Price
------------- ------ ---------------- ------ ---------------- ------ ----------------
Outstanding at
beginning of year 270,000 $12.50 249,000 $13.36 167,000 $13.57
Granted 157,500 $7.63 45,000 $8.14 98,500 $13.00
Exercised
Forfeited/Canceled (142,640) $13.39 (24,000) $13.25 (16,500) $13.25
Expired
-------- ------ ------- ------ -------- ------
Outstanding at end
of year 284,860 $9.37 270,000 $12.50 249,000 $13.36
======= ====== ======= ====== ======= ======
Options exercisable at
year end 102,988 78,300 38,100
======= ======= ======
The approximate weighted average grant-date fair value of options
granted during the years ending December 31, 1996 and 1995 using the
Black-Scholes Model were $492,000 and $149,000, respectively. Significant
assumptions used in the determination of such fair values were as follows:
1996 1995
---- ----
Risk free interest rate 6.1% 5.5%
Expected life 5 years 5.5 years
Expected volatility 35% 35%
Pro forma net income (loss) and pro forma earnings (loss) per share as
if the fair value based accounting method in SFAS 123 had been used to account
for stock-based compensation cost for the years ending December 31, 1996, 1995
and 1994 follows:
December 31,
--------------------------------
1996 1995
---- ----
Pro forma net income (loss) ($21,018,898) $5,973,661
Pro forma earnings (loss) per share ($3.75) $1.06
F-25
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at
December 31, 1996:
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------
Weighted
Range of Number Average Weighted Number Weighted
Exercise Outstanding Remaining Average Exercisable Average
Prices at 12/31/96 Contractual Life Exercise Price at 12/31/96 Exercise Price
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$7.75 - $14.58 284,860 9 Years $9.37 102,988 $10.00
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. Commitments and Contingencies
(a) Lease
The Company's subsidiaries lease office space under non-cancelable
operating leases through 2005. The leases also stipulate that the Company pay
certain costs associated with the rental of the office space.
Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 1996 are as follows:
1997................................................... $ 1,899,202
1998................................................... 1,804,694
1999................................................... 1,759,918
2000 .................................................. 1,465,272
2001................................................... 1,102,292
2002 and thereafter.................................... 3,475,000
-----------
$11,506,378
===========
Rental expense for operating leases was as follows:
1996 1995 1994
---- ---- ----
Total rental expense $1,155,870 $824,524 $239,180
Lease termination charge -- -- 380,000
Less income from sub-leases (236,053) (159,967) (6,533)
---------- -------- --------
Net rental expense $919,817 $664,557 $612,647
========== ======== ========
(b) Lease Termination
In September 1994, the Company moved into its new corporate
headquarters. The Company's vacated facilities have a non-cancelable lease which
expires in April 2000. The Company currently sublets a majority of the space.
The Company has at December 31, 1996 and 1995 recorded a liability of $285,000
and $380,000, respectively, for the expected deficiency which is included in
other liabilities in the balance sheets.
F-26
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(c) Professional Services Agreements
In 1996 and prior years, the Company entered into agreements with
various law firms to provide professional services primarily related to auto
liability claims litigation and settlement in return for a fixed fee based on a
percentage of direct (gross) earned liability premiums. The agreements, which
extend for a three year period in order to cover the expected period of claims
settlements, require the Company to make scheduled periodic fee payments over
the period. To the extent that any of the law firms fail to perform under the
agreement, which in the opinion of management is unlikely, additional
liabilities could emerge. The agreements were not renewed effective January 1,
1997.
(d) Take All Comers
In January 1995, the Company was informed by the New Jersey Insurance
Department that it could no longer remain exempt from the state's Take All
Comers ("TAC") laws regarding personal auto insurance as provided under the Fair
Automobile Insurance Act of 1990. In general, TAC requires that automobile
insurers provide coverage to any licensed person having fewer than nine (9)
eligibility points. The Company's underwriting guidelines had previously
specified that the maximum eligibility points allowed for any one driver to
offer insurance was four (4) points.
Since the loss of the exemption from TAC, the Company has accepted
personal auto insurance risks with up to a maximum of eight points under its
revised underwriting guidelines. With the implementation of TAC, the Company has
experienced an increase in the percentage of its New Jersey personal auto
business with eligibility points of five or more from 1.4% of the total New
Jersey personal auto book in January of 1995 to 7.0% at December 1996. In
addition, the number of youthful operators (those drivers under 25 years of age)
increased from 2.1% to 8.0% during the same period. Although the actual impact
of the loss of the TAC exemption on the 1995 and 1996 results for the New Jersey
personal auto business is not material, the loss of the exemption may adversely
impact the Company's experience in the future.
(e) Fair Automobile Insurance Reform Act of 1990
The Fair Automobile Insurance Reform Act of 1990 ("FAIRA") provides for
an assessment to be charged to insurance companies writing automobile insurance
in New Jersey. As Home State was writing at premium to surplus ratios in excess
of 3:1 through 1993, the Company had been exempt from payment of this levy for
the years 1990 and 1991, and presently has a deferral from paying assessments
for 1992 and 1993. Subsequent to 1993, the Company has paid annual assessments
under FAIRA. Management believes that it is not likely that the Company will be
required to pay the deferred assessments for 1992 and 1993, which aggregate
$1.23 million. Accordingly, no provision has been made for these deferred
assessments in the financial statements.
(f) Litigation
In the normal course of business, the Company is a defendant in various
lawsuits. In the opinion of management, disposition of such litigation will not
have a material impact on the financial position or result of operations of the
Company.
14. Dividend Restrictions on Insurance Company Subsidiaries
As a holding company, the principal source of the parent company's cash
available for payment of dividends is dividends received from its insurance
subsidiaries. State regulatory requirements limit the amount of annual dividends
these companies can pay to the holding company without obtaining prior insurance
department approval. The maximum amount distributable is limited to the greater
of (i) 10% of statutory surplus as of the end of the preceding year or (ii) net
investment income for the preceding year, with larger dividends payable only
upon prior regulatory approval. Accordingly, the maximum dividend which may be
paid to the Company by its insurance subsidiaries without prior approval at
December 31, 1996 is approximately $4.6 million.
F-27
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Statutory policyholders' surplus for the combined insurance
subsidiaries at December 31, 1996 and 1995 was $29,427,357 and $37,291,911,
respectively. Statutory net income (loss) for the combined insurance
subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 was
($24,825,093), $3,061,448 and $3,188,706, respectively. During 1996, the Company
contributed approximately $17.7 million of capital to its insurance
subsidiaries. The principal differences between statutory financial statements
and those prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
are that statutory financial statements do not reflect fixed maturity
investments available for sale at market value, deferred policy acquisition
costs and deferred income taxes. In addition, for statutory purposes, the
Company recognized $7.1 million of commission income on the date of the unearned
premium reserve quota share reinsurance treaty which is deferred and recognized
as the related unearned premium is earned for GAAP purposes.
15. Related Party Transactions
The Company has an agreement with a company owned by two of its
stockholders/directors to provide management and investment services at an
annual fee not to exceed 1/2% of investable assets. The total expense incurred
under such agreement was $405,661, $296,239 and $173,000 in 1996, 1995 and 1994,
respectively.
The Company had also entered into an agreement with a limited
partnership ("PPIM"), whose partners include certain directors and officers of
the Company, to provide various administrative services to the Company. The
agreement provided for a fee of 2% of direct gross written premium up to a
maximum of $1,250,000 in any one year. During 1996, such fees were paid to HSIM
L.L.C. and accordingly, such fees are eliminated in consolidation in 1996. Total
fees paid to PPIM for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1994 amounted to
approximately $1,250,000 and $1,118,400, respectively. The agreement also
provided that PPIM pay the Company an annual fee of 1% of direct gross premium
written up to a maximum of $625,000 in any one year for certain administrative
services the Company provides PPIM. The Company earned $625,000 and $559,500 for
services rendered to PPIM during 1995 and 1994, respectively.
Included in other assets is $1.1 million due from Home Mutual for net
amounts due under the pooling arrangement with Merchant Bakers.
The sister-in-law of one of the Company's directors served as a
consultant to the Company in connection with the Company's August 1993 initial
public offering and since completion of such offering, served as the Company's
director of investor relations on a consultant basis until January, 1995. In
1995 and 1994, an aggregate of $15,000 and $62,690, respectively in consulting
fees were paid in connection with such services. No such fees were paid during
1996.
During 1994, the Company made a six-month $490,000 loan, collateralized
by a deed of trust and assignment of rents, to Brooks Creek Vineyards, Ltd., a
California limited partnership of which a director of the Company is one of six
general partners. This loan was repaid during 1994.
In October 1994, in conjunction with the private placement of $17.0
million in subordinated notes, two directors purchased notes totaling $700,000
and received 10,500 detachable common stock warrants.
In October 1996, the Company entered into agreements with Swiss
Reinsurance America Corporation and Reliance Insurance Company, the holders of
the Preferred Stock, for the Company's subsidiaries to purchase reinsurance from
such holders at commercially reasonable and actuarially sound rates and for such
holders to provide certain consulting and management services to the Company.
F-28
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
16. Summary of Quarterly Financial Information (unaudited)
The following quarterly financial information for each of the three
months ended March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 1996 and 1995 is
unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of
normal recurring adjustments except as explained below) necessary to present
fairly the results of operations for such periods, have been made for a fair
presentation of the results shown.
(in thousands - except per share amounts)
-----------------------------------------
FIRST SECOND THIRD FOURTH
1996 QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER
- ---- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net earned premiums $23,445 $25,576 $26,439 $26,220
Recoveries (returns) on reinsurance
premiums 1,681 434 1,485 (6,026)
Net investment income 1,025 1,061 1,259 1,302
Net realized capital gain (2) (2) (1) 10
Insurance losses and loss adjustment
expenses 20,484 31,388 20,541 39,983
Writedown of surplus notes receivable -- -- 500 2,120
Net income (loss) 503 (5,115) 1,133 (17,048)
Net income (loss) per common share $0.09 $(0.90) $0.20 ($3.05)
Weighted average number of common shares 5,667 5,660 5,660 5,660
FIRST SECOND THIRD FOURTH
1995 QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER
- ---- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net earned premiums $8,698 $14,674 $16,091 $19,450
Recoveries on reinsurance premiums 612 1,234 2,323 1,821
Net investment income 686 880 850 1,041
Net realized capital gain (losses) 95 68 12 90
Insurance losses and loss adjustment
expenses 6,690 12,144 13,646 16,823
Net income (loss) 1,024 1,230 1,904 1,962
Net income (loss) per common share $0.18 $0.22 $0.34 $0.35
Weighted average number of common shares 5,693 5,660 5,660 5,661
The Company's quarterly information for the fourth quarter of 1996
included above, includes the impact of an increase in loss and loss adjustment
expenses, the associated reduction in reinsurance profit sharing of $6.0 million
and reduction in deferred policy acquisition costs. See Note 9 for further
information regarding the increase in loss reserves. In addition, during the
fourth quarter of 1996, an additional $2.1 million was charged against earnings
as the result of an additional adjustment to the valuation allowance on the
Company's surplus notes receivable.
F-29
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
17. Segment Information
The Company's operations are conducted principally through two business
segments. These segments and their respective operations are as follows:
Property and Casualty Insurance - The insurance operations primarily
write standard and preferred personal and commercial auto insurance.
Financial Services - The Company's financial services operations engage
in diversified financial services for affiliated companies only. Such operations
include, but are not limited to, reinsurance brokerage services, premium
financing and management services.
The following table is a summary of operations by major operating
segment, as of and for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1995 (in
thousands).
Property & Financial Adjustments
1996 Casualty Services Parent & Eliminations Consolidated
- ---- ---------- --------- ------ -------------- ------------
Revenues* $104,038 $6,071 $42 ($2,418) $107,733
======== ====== ======= ======== ========
Income (loss) before
taxes and minority
interest ($35,614) $4,171 ($6,755) $3,053 ($35,145)
======== ====== ======= ======== ========
Identifiable assets $333,961 $9,845 $56,136 ($56,363) $343,579
======== ====== ======= ======== ========
1996 Property & Financial Adjustments
Casualty Services Parent & Eliminations Consolidated
---------- --------- ------ -------------- ------------
Revenues* $68,530 $4,166 $394 ($1,159) $71,931
======== ====== ======= ======== ========
Income (loss) before
taxes and minority
interest $7,953 $2,892 ($2,637) ($19) $8,189
======== ====== ======= ======== ========
Identifiable assets $214,426 $8,586 $57,956 ($40,447) $240,521
======== ====== ======= ======== ========
* Net investment income and realized capital gains and losses have been
reflected in the above table based on the portfolio of investments held by
such business segments.
18. 401(k) Plan
The Company maintains a 401(k) Plan for the benefit of its employees.
The Company matches 25% of the first 5% contributed by the participant. The
Company match was approximately $68,000, $41,000 and $20,000 during 1996, 1995
and 1994, respectively.
F-30
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Home State Holdings, Inc.
Our report on the consolidated financial statements of Home State Holdings, Inc.
and Subsidiaries is included on page F-2 of this Form 10-K. In connection with
our audits of such financial statements, we have also audited the related
financial statement schedules listed in the index on page 42 of this Form 10-K.
In our opinion, the financial statement schedules referred to above, when
considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole,
present fairly, in all material respects, the information required to be
included therein.
Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
New York, New York
March 31, 1997
S-1
SCHEDULE 1
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS - OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES
December 31, 1996
Amount
Shown
Estimated In The
Amortized Market Balance
Type of Investment Cost Value Sheet
- ------------------ ----------- ---------- -----------
Fixed maturity securities, held-to-maturity:
Bonds:
U.S. Government obligations $ 2,242,429 $ 2,251,291 $ 2,242,429
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions 49,025,064 49,759,769 49,025,064
Corporate securities 19,758,048 19,793,687 19,758,048
----------- ----------- -----------
Total 71,025,541 71,804,747 71,025,541
----------- ----------- -----------
Fixed maturity securities available for sale:
Bonds:
U.S. Government obligations 2,057,754 2,058,526 2,058,526
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions 4,623,105 4,644,550 4,644,550
Corporate securities 1,889,629 1,879,525 1,879,525
----------- ----------- -----------
Total 8,570,488 8,582,601 8,582,601
----------- ----------- -----------
Common Stocks 360,496 407,079 407,079
----------- ----------- -----------
Short term investments 11,359,406 11,359,406 11,359,406
----------- ----------- -----------
Total investments $91,315,931 $92,153,833 $91,374,627
=========== =========== ===========
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
included on pages F-7 through F-30.
S-2
SCHEDULE II
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(Parent Company Only)
December 31, 1996 and 1995
ASSETS 1996 1995
- ------ ----------- ----------
Cash and cash equivalents $ 854,754 $ 1,978,928
Investment in subsidiaries 42,972,916 43,692,017
Investment in mutual insurance company, at cost 4,000,000 4,000,000
Fixed maturity securities, available for sale, at market 403,550 703,545
Surplus notes receivable 2,350,000 4,500,000
Other assets 5,555,099 3,075,003
----------- -----------
Total assets $56,136,319 $57,955,606
=========== ===========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Subordinated notes $16,380,000 $16,300,000
Due to affiliates 5,965,573 497,112
Notes payable, bank 5,000,000 2,000,000
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 352,849 106,268
----------- -----------
Total liabilities 27,698,422 18,903,380
----------- -----------
Mandatory redeemable preferred stock 8,525,000 --
----------- -----------
Stockholders' Equity
Common Stock - $.01 par value; (10,000,000 shares
authorized, 5,660,000 shares issued and outstanding) 56,600 56,600
Additional paid-in capital 22,473,463 20,973,463
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of fixed maturities
available for sale, net of taxes 38,769 (57,704)
Retained earnings (2,655,935) 18,079,867
----------- -----------
Total stockholders' equity 19,912,897 39,052,226
----------- -----------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $56,136,319 $57,955,606
=========== ===========
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
included on pages F-7 through F-30.
S-3
SCHEDULE II
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT - (Continued)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Parent Company Only)
Years Ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994
1996 1995 1994
------------- ----------- ----------
Revenue:
Management fee income $ -- $ -- $ 252,104
Net investment income 42,060 236,615 577,133
Other income -- -- 133,500
Gain (loss) on sale of investments -- 157,933 (68,388)
------------- ----------- ----------
Total Revenues 42,060 394,548 894,349
------------ ----------- ----------
Expenses:
General and administrative expense 4,433,971 1,269,204 1,243,055
Interest expense 2,363,144 2,051,528 522,934
------------ ----------- ----------
Total Expenses 6,797,115 3,320,732 1,765,989
------------ ----------- ----------
Income (loss) before equity in affiliates and
income taxes (benefit) (6,755,055) (2,926,184) (871,640)
Equity in earnings (loss) of subsidiaries (15,921,922) 8,162,952 5,576,133
------------ ----------- ----------
Income (loss) before income taxes (22,676,977) 5,236,768 4,704,493
Income taxes (benefit) (2,150,079) (885,893) 207,020
------------ ----------- ----------
Net income (loss) ($20,526,898) $ 6,122,661 $4,497,473
============ =========== ==========
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
included on pages F-7 through F-30.
S-4
SCHEDULE II
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT - (Continued)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Parent Company Only)
Years Ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994
1996 1995 1994
------------ ------------ ------------
Operating Activities
Net income (loss) ($20,526,898) $ 6,122,661 $ 4,497,473
----------- ------------ ------------
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Undistributed equity in (earnings) loss of affiliates 15,921,922 (8,162,952) (5,576,133)
(Increase) decrease in other assets (2,132,463) (1,802,012) 76,292
Writedown of surplus note receivable 2,620,000 -- --
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other 392,279 (437,502) 129,112
Depreciation and amortization 193,609 192,885 81,730
Net realized capital losses -- 157,933 68,388
----------- ------------ ------------
Total adjustments 16,995,347 (10,051,648) (5,220,611)
----------- ------------ ------------
Net cash used in operating activities (3,531,551) (3,928,987) (723,138)
----------- ------------ ------------
Investing Activities
Sales (purchases) of investments, net 306,108 5,119,744 1,190,555
Investment in note receivable - affiliate -- (5,000,000)
Purchase of surplus notes (470,000) -- --
Investment in affiliates (15,200,000) (1,664,496) (12,069,150)
Proceeds from sale of equipment -- -- 351,989
----------- ------------ ------------
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (15,363,892) 3,455,248 (15,526,606)
----------- ------------ ------------
Financing Activities
Net proceeds from (repayment of) amounts due to/from
affiliates 5,468,461 (694,577) 825,104
Proceeds from subordinated notes issuance -- -- 16,290,861
Purchase of notes receivable -- -- (2,347,202)
Proceeds from issuance of mandatory redeemable preferred stock 9,486,712 -- --
Proceeds from notes receivable, net -- 113,051 2,234,151
Payment of cash dividends on preferred stock (183,904) -- --
Proceeds from notes payable, bank 3,000,000 2,000,000 --
Proceeds from acquisition of stock or private placement
proceeds -- -- (54,043)
Net cash provided by financing activities 17,771,269 1,418,474 16,948,871
----------- ------------ ------------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (1,124,174) 944,735 699,127
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 1,978,928 1,034,193 335,066
----------- ----------- ------------
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 854,754 $ 1,978,928 $ 1,034,193
=========== =========== ============
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
included on pages F-7 through F-30.
S-5
SCHEDULE III
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION
AS OF AND FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1995 AND 1994
(IN THOUSANDS)
Liability
for
Insurance Insurance
Deferred Losses Losses
Policy And loss Unearned Net Net And loss
Acquisition Adjustment Premium Premiums Investment Adjustment
Cost Expenses Reserve Earned Income Expenses
----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------- ----------
Property & Casualty
December 31, 1996 $3,116 $179,955 $85,863 $101,680 $4,647 $112,396
Property & Casualty
December 31, 1995 $7,086 $95,790 $71,291 $58,915 $3,459 $49,306
Property & Casualty
December 31, 1994 $3,736 $44,957 $32,142 $29,895 $1,935 $22,693
Amortization
of Deferred
Policy Other Net
Acquisition Operating Premium
Costs Expenses Written
----------- ---------- ---------
Property & Casualty
December 31, 1996 $25,500 $21,530 $89,860
Property & Casualty
December 31, 1995 $11,421 $14,021 $67,027
Property & Casualty
December 31, 1994 $7,244 $8,362 $31,246
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
included on pages F-7 through F-30
S-6
SCHEDULE IV
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
REINSURANCE
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1995 AND 1994
(IN THOUSANDS)
CEDED
GROSS TO OTHER NET
AMOUNT COMPANIES AMOUNT
--------- --------- --------
Year Ended December 31, 1996
Earned Premium $188,268 $86,588 $101,680
======== ======= ========
Year Ended December 31, 1995
Earned Premium $109,370 $50,455 $ 58,915
======== ======= ========
Year Ended December 31, 1994
Earned Premium $ 54,812 $24,917 $ 29,895
======== ======= ========
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
included on pages F-7 through F-30.
S-7
SCHEDULE VI
HOME STATE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
CONCERNING PROPERTY/CASUALTY INSURANCE OPERATIONS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1995 AND 1994
(IN THOUSANDS)
INSURANCE LOSS AND PAID
LOSS ADJUSTMENT INSURANCE
EXPENSES INCURRED LOSSES
RELATING TO AND LOSS
CURRENT PRIOR ADJUSTMENT
YEAR YEARS EXPENSES
------- ------- ----------
Year Ended December 31, 1996 $89,038 $23,357 $74,840
======= ======= =======
Year Ended December 31, 1995 $45,065 $ 4,241 $32,052
======= ======= =======
Year Ended December 31, 1994 $21,559 $ 1,134 $21,086
======= ======= =======
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
included on pages F-7 through F-30.
S-8