Attorney's Docket No.: 12543-000001

                                   ASSIGNMENT


         For valuable consideration, we, PAUL AMADEO of San Diego, CA, TIMOTHY
NORMAN of San Diego, CA, hereby assign to American Pacific Technology, a
California corporation having a place of business at 6827 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, CA 92121; and its successors and assigns (collectively hereinafter called
"the Assignee"), the entire right, title and interest throughout the world in
the inventions and improvements which are subject of an application for United
States Patent signed by us, entitled INTEGRATION WELDING AND TESTING IN THE
MANUFACTURING OF SMART CARDS, filed herewith, and assigned U.S. Serial Number
(not yet assigned), and we authorize and request the attorneys appointed in said
application to hereafter complete this assignment by inserting above the filing
date and serial number of said application when known; this assignment including
said application, any and all United States and foreign patents, utility models,
and design registration granted for any of said inventions or improvements, and
the right to claim priority based on the filing date of said application under
the International Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, the
Patent Corporation Treaty, the European Patent Convention, and all other
treaties of like purposes; and we authorize the Assignee to apply in all
countries in our name or in its own name for-patents, utility models, design
registrations and like rights of exclusion and for inventors' certificates for
said inventions and improvements; and we agree for ourselves and our respective
heirs, legal representatives and assigns, without further compensation to
perform such lawful acts and to sign such further applications, assignments,
Preliminary Statements and other lawful documents as the Assignee may reasonably
request to effectuate fully this assignment.


Date:   07/20/01                              PAUL AMADEO
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                                              PAUL AMADEO


Date:   July 20th 2001                        TIMOTHY NORMAN
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                                              TIMOTHY NORMAN