1 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL TO TENDER SHARES OF COMMON STOCK OF CLINTRIALS RESEARCH INC. AT $6.00 NET PER SHARE PURSUANT TO THE OFFER TO PURCHASE DATED MARCH 5, 2001 BY INDIGO ACQUISITION CORP. A WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF INVERESK RESEARCH (CANADA) INC. A WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF INVERESK RESEARCH GROUP LIMITED THE OFFER AND WITHDRAWAL RIGHTS WILL EXPIRE AT 12:00 MIDNIGHT, NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON MONDAY, APRIL 2, 2001 UNLESS THE OFFER IS EXTENDED. THE DEPOSITARY FOR THE OFFER IS: SUNTRUST BANK By Overnight, Certified or By First Class Mail: By Hand Delivery: Express Mail: P.O. Box 4625 58 Edgewood Avenue 58 Edgewood Avenue Atlanta, GA 30302 Room 225 Room 225 Atlanta, GA 30303 Atlanta, GA 30303 By Facsimile Transmission: (404) 865-5371 Confirm Facsimile by Telephone Only: (800) 568-3476 DELIVERY OR TRANSMISSION OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL TO AN ADDRESS OR VIA A FACSIMILE NUMBER OTHER THAN AS SET FORTH ABOVE OR TRANSMISSION OF INSTRUCTIONS WILL NOT CONSTITUTE A VALID DELIVERY. THE INSTRUCTIONS CONTAINED WITHIN THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL SHOULD BE READ CAREFULLY BEFORE THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL IS COMPLETED. 2 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DESCRIPTION OF TENDERED SHARES - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) OF REGISTERED HOLDER(S) SHARE CERTIFICATE(S) TENDERED (PLEASE FILL IN EXACTLY AS NAME(S) APPEAR(S) ON CERTIFICATE(S)) (ATTACH ADDITIONAL SIGNED LIST IF NECESSARY) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL NUMBER OF SHARES TOTAL NUMBER CERTIFICATE REPRESENTED BY OF SHARES NUMBER(S)(1) CERTIFICATE(S)(1) TENDERED(2) ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ Total Shares - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Need not be completed by stockholders tendering by book-entry transfer. (2) Unless otherwise indicated, it will be assumed that all Shares described above are being tendered. See Instruction 4. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [ ] Check here if certificates have been lost, destroyed or mutilated. See Instruction 11. Number of Shares represented by lost, destroyed or mutilated certificates: ------------------- The names and addresses of the registered holders of the tendered shares should be printed, if not already printed above, exactly as they appear on the Share Certificates (as defined below) tendered hereby. This Letter of Transmittal is to be used by stockholders of ClinTrials Research Inc. (the "Company") if certificates for Shares (as defined below) are to be forwarded with this Letter of Transmittal or, unless an Agent's Message (as defined in Instruction 2 below) is utilized, if delivery of Shares is to be made by book-entry transfer to an account maintained by the Depositary (as defined below) at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility (as defined in and pursuant to the procedures set forth in Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase (as defined below)). Holders who deliver Shares by book-entry transfer are referred to herein as "Book-Entry Stockholders" and other stockholders who deliver Shares are referred to herein as "Certificate Stockholders." Stockholders whose certificates for Shares are not immediately available or who cannot deliver either the certificates for, or a Book-Entry Confirmation (as defined in Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase) with respect to, their Shares and all other documents required hereby to the Depositary prior to the Expiration Date (as defined in the Offer to Purchase), or the expiration of any Subsequent Offering Period (as defined in the Offer to Purchase), must tender their Shares in accordance with the guaranteed delivery procedures set forth in Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase. See Instruction 2. DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS TO A BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER FACILITY DOES NOT CONSTITUTE DELIVERY TO THE DEPOSITARY. 2 3 TENDER OF SHARES [ ] CHECK HERE IF TENDERED SHARES ARE BEING DELIVERED BY BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER TO THE DEPOSITARY'S ACCOUNT AT THE BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER FACILITY AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING (ONLY PARTICIPANTS IN THE BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER FACILITY MAY DELIVER SHARES BY BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER): Name of Tendering Institution: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Account Number: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transaction Code Number: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [ ] CHECK HERE IF TENDERED SHARES ARE BEING DELIVERED PURSUANT TO A NOTICE OF GUARANTEED DELIVERY PREVIOUSLY SENT TO THE DEPOSITARY AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING. Name(s) of Registered Owner(s): ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Window Ticket Number (if any): ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Execution of Notice of Guaranteed Delivery: -------------------------------------------------------------- Name of Eligible Institution that Guaranteed Delivery: ------------------------------------------------------------ 3 4 NOTE: SIGNATURES MUST BE PROVIDED BELOW. PLEASE READ THE ACCOMPANYING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY Ladies and Gentlemen: The undersigned hereby tenders to Indigo Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation ("Purchaser"), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Inveresk Research (Canada) Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of Canada ("Inveresk Canada"), which in turn is a wholly owned subsidiary of Inveresk Research Group Limited, a company organized under the laws of Scotland ("Parent"), the above-described shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Shares"), of ClinTrials Research Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), for $6.00 per Share, net to the seller in cash (the "Common Stock Price"), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Offer to Purchase dated March 5, 2001 (the "Offer to Purchase") and in this related Letter of Transmittal (which, together with any amendments or supplements hereto or thereto, collectively constitute the "Offer"). Receipt of the Offer is hereby acknowledged. The Offer is being made pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of February 22, 2001 (the "Merger Agreement"), by and among Parent, Purchaser and the Company. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Offer (and if the Offer is extended or amended, the terms of any such extension or amendment), subject to, and effective upon, acceptance for payment of the Shares tendered herewith in accordance with the terms of the Offer, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers to, or upon the order of, Purchaser all right, title and interest in and to all the Shares that are being tendered hereby (and any and all cash and non-cash dividends, distributions, rights, other shares of common stock or other securities issued or issuable in respect thereof on or after February 22, 2001 (collectively, "Distributions")) and irrevocably constitutes and appoints SunTrust Bank (the "Depositary") the true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact of the undersigned with respect to the tendered Shares (and any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares), with full power of substitution (such power of attorney being deemed to be an irrevocable power coupled with an interest), to (i) deliver certificates for such Shares (and any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares), or transfer ownership of such Shares (and any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares) on the account books maintained by the Book-Entry Transfer Facility, together, in any such case, with all accompanying evidences of transfer and authenticity, to or upon the order of, Purchaser, (ii) present such Shares (and any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares) for transfer on the books of the Company, and (iii) receive all benefits and otherwise exercise all rights of beneficial ownership of such Shares (and any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares), all in accordance with the terms of the Offer. By executing this Letter of Transmittal, the undersigned hereby irrevocably appoints Purchaser, its officers and directors, and each of them, and any other designees of Purchaser, the attorneys-in-fact and proxies of the undersigned, each with full power of substitution, (i) to vote at any annual or special meeting of the Company's stockholders or any adjournment or postponement thereof or otherwise in such manner as each such attorney-in-fact and proxy or his substitute shall in his sole discretion deem proper with respect to, (ii) to execute any written consent concerning any matter as each such attorney-in-fact and proxy or his substitute shall in his sole discretion deem proper with respect to, and (iii) to otherwise act as each such attorney-in-fact and proxy or his substitute shall in his sole discretion deem proper with respect to, all of the Shares (and any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares) tendered hereby and accepted for payment by Purchaser. This appointment will be effective if and when, and only to the extent that, Purchaser accepts such Shares for payment pursuant to the Offer. This power of attorney and proxy are irrevocable and are granted in consideration of the acceptance for payment of such Shares in accordance with the terms of the Offer. Such acceptance for payment shall, without further action, revoke any prior powers of attorney and proxies granted by the undersigned at any time with respect to such Shares (and any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares), and no subsequent powers of attorney, proxies, consents or revocations may be given by the undersigned with respect thereto (and, if given, will not be deemed effective). Purchaser reserves the right to require that, in order for the Shares to be deemed validly tendered, immediately upon Purchaser's acceptance for payment of such Shares, Purchaser must be able to exercise full voting, consent and other rights with respect to such Shares (and any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares), including voting at any meeting of the Company's stockholders. The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the undersigned has full power and authority to tender, sell, assign and transfer the Shares tendered hereby (any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares), that the undersigned 4 5 owns the Shares tendered hereby within the meaning of Rule 14e-4 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), that the tender of the tendered Shares complies with Rule 14e-4 under the Exchange Act, and that when the same are accepted for payment by Purchaser, Purchaser will acquire good, marketable and unencumbered title thereto (and to any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares), free and clear of all liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances and the same will not be subject to any adverse claims. The undersigned will, upon request, execute and deliver any additional documents deemed by the Depositary or Purchaser to be necessary or desirable to complete the sale, assignment and transfer of the Shares tendered hereby (and any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares) in accordance with the terms of the Offer. In addition, the undersigned shall remit and transfer promptly to the Depositary for the account of Purchaser all Shares (and any and all Distributions in respect of those Shares) tendered hereby, accompanied by appropriate documentation of transfer, and, pending such remittance and transfer or appropriate assurance thereof, Purchaser shall be entitled to all rights and privileges as owner of each such Distribution and may withhold the entire purchase price of the Shares tendered hereby or deduct from such purchase price the amount or value of such Distribution as determined by Purchaser in its sole discretion. All authority conferred or agreed to be conferred in this Letter of Transmittal shall survive the death or incapacity of the undersigned, and any obligation of the undersigned hereunder shall be binding upon the heirs, executors, administrators, personal representatives, trustees in bankruptcy, successors and assigns of the undersigned. Except as stated in the Offer to Purchase, the tender made by this Letter of Transmittal is irrevocable. The undersigned understands that the valid tender of the Shares pursuant to any one of the procedures described in Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase and in the Instructions to this Letter of Transmittal will constitute a binding agreement between the undersigned and Purchaser upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Offer (and if the Offer is extended or amended, the terms or conditions of any such extension or amendment). Without limiting the foregoing, if the price to be paid in the Offer is amended in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement, the price to be paid to the undersigned will be the amended price notwithstanding the fact that a different price is stated in this Letter of Transmittal. The undersigned recognizes that under certain circumstances set forth in the Offer to Purchase, Purchaser may not be required to accept for payment any of the Shares tendered hereby. Unless otherwise indicated under "Special Payment Instructions," please issue the check for the purchase price of all Shares purchased and/or return any certificates for any Shares not tendered or accepted for payment in the name(s) of the registered holder(s) appearing above under "Description of the Tendered Shares." Similarly, unless otherwise indicated under "Special Delivery Instructions," please mail the check for the purchase price of all Shares purchased and/or return any certificates for any Shares not tendered or not accepted for payment (and any accompanying documents, as appropriate) to the address(es) of the registered holder(s) appearing above under "Description of the Tendered Shares." In the event that the boxes entitled "Special Payment Instructions" and "Special Delivery Instructions" are both completed, please issue the check for the purchase price of all Shares purchased and/or return any certificates evidencing Shares not tendered or not accepted for payment (and any accompanying documents, as appropriate) in the name(s) of, and deliver such check and/or return any such certificates (and any accompanying documents, as appropriate) to, the person(s) so indicated. Unless otherwise indicated herein in the box entitled "Special Payment Instructions," please credit any Shares tendered herewith by book-entry transfer that are not accepted for payment by crediting the account at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility designated above. The undersigned recognizes that Purchaser has no obligation pursuant to the "Special Payment Instructions" to transfer any Shares from the name of the registered holder thereof if Purchaser does not accept for payment any of the Shares so tendered. 5 6 - ------------------------------------------------------ SPECIAL PAYMENT INSTRUCTIONS (SEE INSTRUCTIONS 1, 5, 6 AND 7) - ------------------------------------------------------ To be completed ONLY if the check for the purchase price of the Shares accepted for payment is to be issued in the name of someone other than the undersigned, if certificates for any Shares not tendered or not accepted for payment are to be issued in the name of someone other than the any Shares not tendered or not accepted and delivered by book-entry transfer that are not accepted for payment are to be returned by credit to an account maintained at a Book-Entry Transfer Facility other than the account indicated above. Issue check and/or stock certificates to: Name --------------------------------------------- (PLEASE PRINT) Address ------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------- (INCLUDE ZIP CODE) ----------------------------------------------------- (TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION OR SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER(S)) (SEE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9) [ ] Credit Shares delivered by book-entry transfer and not purchased to the Book-Entry Transfer Facility account. ----------------------------------------------------- ACCOUNT NUMBER: - ------------------------------------------------------ - ------------------------------------------------------ SPECIAL DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS (SEE INSTRUCTIONS 1, 5, 6 AND 7) - ------------------------------------------------------ To be completed ONLY if certificates for undersigned or if any Shares tendered hereby for payment and/or the check for the purchase price of any Shares accepted for payment is to be sent to someone other than the undersigned or to the undersigned at an address other than that shown under "Description of Tendered Shares." Mail check and/or stock certificates to: Mail check and/or stock certificates to: Name --------------------------------------------- (PLEASE PRINT) Address ------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------- (INCLUDE ZIP CODE) ----------------------------------------------------- (TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION OR SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER(S)) (SEE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9) - ------------------------------------------------------ 6 7 IMPORTANT: STOCKHOLDER SIGN HERE (COMPLETE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 INCLUDED) - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SIGNATURE(S) OF OWNER(S) Dated: - --------------------------- , 2001 (Must be signed by the registered holder(s) exactly as name(s) appear(s) on the certificate(s) for the Shares or on a security position listing or by person(s) authorized to become registered holder(s) by certificates and documents transmitted with this Letter of Transmittal. If signature is by trustees, executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, agents, officers of corporations or others acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, please provide the necessary information described in Instruction 5.) Name(s): - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (PLEASE PRINT) Capacity (Full Title): - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Address: - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (INCLUDE ZIP CODE) Area Code and Telephone Number: ( ) ------------------------------------------------ Tax Identification or Social Security No.(s) ----------------------------------------------- (COMPLETE SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 INCLUDED) GUARANTEE OF SIGNATURE(S) (SEE INSTRUCTIONS 1 AND 5) Authorized Signature: ---------------------------------------------------------------- Name: - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Title: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name of Firm: --------------------------------------------------------------------- Address: - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (INCLUDE ZIP CODE) Area Code and Telephone Number: ( ) ------------------------------------------------ Dated: - --------------------------- , 2001 7 8 INSTRUCTIONS FORMING PART OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE OFFER 1. GUARANTEE OF SIGNATURES. No signature guarantee is required on this Letter of Transmittal (a) if this Letter of Transmittal is signed by the registered holder(s) (which term, for purposes of this Section, includes any participant in the Book-Entry Transfer Facility's system whose name appears on a security position listing as the owner of the Shares) of the Shares tendered herewith, unless such registered holder(s) has completed either the box entitled "Special Payment Instructions" or the box entitled "Special Delivery Instructions" on the Letter of Transmittal or (b) if such Shares are tendered for the account of a financial institution (including most commercial banks, savings and loan associations and brokerage houses) that is a participant in the Security Transfer Agents Medallion Program, or by any other "eligible guarantor institution," as such term is defined in Rule l7Ad-15 under the Exchange Act (each, an "Eligible Institution"). In all other cases, all signatures on this Letter of Transmittal must be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution. See Instruction 5. 2. REQUIREMENTS OF TENDER. This Letter of Transmittal is to be completed by stockholders of the Company either if certificates are to be forwarded with this Letter of Transmittal or, unless an Agent's Message (as defined below) is utilized, if delivery of the Shares is to be made by book-entry transfer pursuant to the procedures set forth herein and in Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase. For a stockholder to validly tender Shares pursuant to the Offer, either (a) a properly completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal (or a manually signed facsimile thereof), together with any required signature guarantees or an Agent's Message (in connection with book-entry transfer of the Shares) and any other required documents, must be received by the Depositary at one of its addresses set forth herein prior to the Expiration Date, or the expiration of any subsequent offering period, and either (i) certificates for tendered Shares must be received by the Depositary at one of such addresses prior to the Expiration Date, or the expiration of any subsequent offering period, or (ii) Shares must be delivered pursuant to the procedures for book-entry transfer set forth herein and in Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase and a Book-Entry Confirmation must be received by the Depositary prior to the Expiration Date, or the expiration of any Subsequent Offering Period, or (b) the tendering stockholder must comply with the guaranteed delivery procedures set forth herein and in Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase. Stockholders whose certificates for the Shares are not immediately available or who cannot deliver their certificates and all other required documents to the Depositary prior to the Expiration Date, or the expiration of any Subsequent Offering Period, or who cannot comply with the book-entry transfer procedures on a timely basis may tender their Shares by properly completing and duly executing the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery pursuant to the guaranteed delivery procedures set forth herein and in Section 3 of the Offer to Purchase. Pursuant to such guaranteed delivery procedures, (i) such tender must be made by or through an Eligible Institution, (ii) a properly completed and duly executed Notice of Guaranteed Delivery, substantially in the form provided by Purchaser, must be received by the Depositary prior to the Expiration Date, or the expiration of any Subsequent Offering Period, and (iii) the certificates for all tendered Shares, in proper form for transfer (or a Book-Entry Confirmation with respect to all such tendered Shares), together with a properly completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal (or a manually signed facsimile thereof), with any required signature guarantees, or, in the case of a book-entry transfer, an Agent's Message in lieu of the Letter of Transmittal, and any other required documents must be received by the Depositary within three trading days after the date of execution of such Notice of Guaranteed Delivery. A "trading day" is any day on which the Nasdaq National Market ("Nasdaq") is open for business. The term "Agent's Message" means a message transmitted by the Book-Entry Transfer Facility to, and received by, the Depositary and forming a part of a Book-Entry Confirmation, which states that the Book-Entry Transfer Facility has received an express acknowledgment from the participant in the Book-Entry Transfer Facility tendering the Shares which are the subject of the Book-Entry Confirmation, that such participant has received and agrees to be bound by the terms of the Letter of Transmittal and that Purchaser may enforce such agreement against the participant. The signatures on this Letter of Transmittal cover the Shares tendered hereby. THE METHOD OF DELIVERY OF ANY SHARE CERTIFICATES, THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL AND ALL OTHER REQUIRED DOCUMENTS, INCLUDING DELIVERY THROUGH THE BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER FACILITY, IS AT THE ELECTION AND RISK OF THE TENDERING STOCKHOLDER. THE SHARES WILL BE DEEMED DELIVERED ONLY WHEN ACTUALLY RECEIVED BY THE DEPOSITARY 8 9 (INCLUDING, IN THE CASE OF A BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER, BY BOOK-ENTRY CONFIRMATION). IF DELIVERY IS BY MAIL, IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT THE STOCKHOLDER USE PROPERLY INSURED REGISTERED MAIL WITH RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED. IN ALL CASES, SUFFICIENT TIME SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO ENSURE TIMELY DELIVERY. No alternative, conditional or contingent tenders will be accepted, and no fractional Shares will be purchased. All tendering stockholders, by executing this Letter of Transmittal (or a manually signed facsimile thereof) waive any right to receive any notice of acceptance of their Shares for payment. 3. INADEQUATE SPACE. If the space provided herein under "Description of Tendered Shares" is inadequate, the number of Shares tendered and the certificate numbers with respect to such Shares should be listed on a separate signed schedule which should be attached to this Letter of Transmittal. 4. PARTIAL TENDERS. (Not applicable to stockholders who tender by book-entry transfer). If fewer than all the Shares evidenced by any certificate delivered to the Depositary with this Letter of Transmittal are to be tendered hereby, fill in the number of Shares that are to be tendered in the box entitled "Total Number of Shares Tendered." In any such case, new certificate(s) for the remainder of the Shares that were evidenced by the old certificates will be sent to the registered holder, unless otherwise provided in the appropriate box on this Letter of Transmittal, as soon as practicable after the Expiration Date, or the expiration of any subsequent offering period, or the termination of the Offer. All Shares represented by certificates delivered to the Depositary will be deemed to have been tendered unless otherwise indicated. 5. SIGNATURES ON LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL; STOCK POWERS AND ENDORSEMENTS. If this Letter of Transmittal is signed by the registered holder(s) of the Shares tendered hereby, the signature(s) must correspond with the name(s) as written on the face of the certificate(s) without alteration, enlargement or any change whatsoever. If any of the Shares tendered hereby are held of record by two or more joint owners, all such owners must sign this Letter of Transmittal. If any of the tendered Shares are registered in different names on several certificates, it will be necessary to complete, sign and submit as many separate Letters of Transmittal as there are different registrations of certificates. If this Letter of Transmittal or any stock certificate or stock power is signed by a trustee, executor, administrator, guardian, attorney-in-fact, officer of a corporation or other person acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, such person should so indicate when signing, and proper evidence satisfactory to Purchaser of the authority of such person to so act must be submitted. If this Letter of Transmittal is signed by the registered holder(s) of the Shares listed and transmitted hereby, no endorsements of certificates or separate stock powers are required unless payment or certificates for any Shares tendered or not accepted for payment are to be issued in the name of a person other than the registered holder(s). Signatures on any such certificates or stock powers must be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution. If this Letter of Transmittal is signed by a person other than the registered holder(s) of the Shares evidenced by certificates listed and transmitted hereby, the certificates must be endorsed or accompanied by appropriate stock powers, in either case signed exactly as the name(s) of the registered holder(s) appear(s) on the certificates. Signature(s) on any such certificates or stock powers must be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution. 6. STOCK TRANSFER TAXES. Except as otherwise provided in this Instruction 6, Purchaser will pay all stock transfer taxes with respect to the transfer and sale of any Shares to it or its order pursuant to the Offer. If, however, payment of the purchase price of any Shares purchased is to be made to, or if certificates for any Shares not tendered or not accepted for payment are to be registered in the name of, any person other than the registered holder(s), or if tendered certificates are registered in the name of any person other than the person(s) signing this Letter of Transmittal, the amount of any stock transfer taxes (whether imposed on the registered holder(s) or such other person) payable on account of the transfer to such other person will be deducted from the purchase price of such Shares purchased unless evidence satisfactory to Purchaser of the payment of such taxes, or exemption therefrom, is submitted. Except as provided in this Instruction 6, it will not be necessary for transfer tax stamps to be affixed to the certificates evidencing the Shares tendered hereby. 7. SPECIAL PAYMENT AND DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS. If a check for the purchase price of any Shares accepted for payment is to be issued in the name of, and/or certificates for any Shares not accepted for payment or not tendered are to 9 10 be issued in the name of and/or returned to, a person other than the signer of this Letter of Transmittal or if a check is to be sent, and/or such certificates are to be returned, to a person other than the signer of this Letter of Transmittal, or to an address other than that shown above, the appropriate boxes on this Letter of Transmittal should be completed. Any stockholder(s) delivering Shares by book-entry transfer may request that Shares not purchased be credited to such account maintained at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility stockholder(s) may designate in the box entitled "Special Payment Instructions." If no such instructions are given, any such Shares not purchased will be returned by crediting the account at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility designated above as the account from which such Shares were delivered. 8. BACKUP WITHHOLDING. In order to avoid "backup withholding" of Federal income tax on payments of cash pursuant to the Offer, a stockholder surrendering Shares in the Offer must, unless an exemption applies, provide the Depositary with such stockholder's correct taxpayer identification number ("TIN") on the Substitute Form W-9 in this Letter of Transmittal and certify under penalties of perjury that such TIN is correct and that such stockholder is not subject to backup withholding. If a tendering stockholder is subject to backup withholding, such stockholder must cross out item (2) of the Certification box on the Substitute Form W-9. Backup withholding is not an additional income tax. Rather, the amount of the backup withholding can be credited against the Federal income tax liability of the person subject to the backup withholding, provided that the required information is given to the IRS. If backup withholding results in an overpayment of tax, a refund can be obtained by the stockholder upon filing an income tax return. The stockholder is required to give the Depositary the TIN (i.e., social security number or employer identification number) of the record owner of the Shares tendered with this Letter of Transmittal. If the Shares are held in more than one name or are not in the name of the actual owner, consult the enclosed "Guidelines for Certification of Taxpayer Identification Number on Substitute Form W-9" for additional guidance on which number to report. If the tendering stockholder has not been issued a TIN and has applied for a TIN or intends to apply for a TIN in the near future, such stockholder should write "Applied For" in the space provided for the TIN in Part 1 of the Substitute Form W-9 and sign and date the Substitute Form W-9, and the stockholder or other payee must also complete the Certificate of Awaiting Taxpayer Identification Number below in order to avoid backup withholding. Notwithstanding that the Certificate of Awaiting Taxpayer Identification Number is completed, the Depositary will withhold 31% on all payments made prior to the time a properly certified TIN is provided to the Depositary. However, such amounts will be refunded to such stockholder if a TIN is provided to the Depositary within 60 days. Certain stockholders (including, among others, all corporations and certain foreign individuals and entities) are not subject to backup withholding. Noncorporate foreign stockholders should complete and sign the main signature form and a Form W-8, Certificate of Foreign Status, a copy of which may be obtained from the Depositary, in order to avoid backup withholding. See the enclosed "Guidelines for Certification of Taxpayer Identification Number on Substitute Form W-9" for more instructions. 9. REQUESTS FOR ASSISTANCE OR ADDITIONAL COPIES. Questions and requests for assistance or additional copies of the Offer to Purchase, this Letter of Transmittal, the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery and the Guidelines for Certification of Taxpayer Identification Number on Substitute Form W-9 may be directed to the Information Agent or the Dealer Manager at the addresses and phone numbers set forth below, or from brokers, dealers, commercial banks or trust companies. 10. WAIVER OF CONDITIONS. Subject to the Merger Agreement and, in certain cases, to the receipt of required consent from the parties providing debt and equity financing for the Offer, Purchaser reserves the absolute right in its sole discretion to waive, at any time or from time to time, any of the specified conditions of the Offer, in whole or in part, in the case of any Shares tendered. 11. LOST, DESTROYED OR STOLEN CERTIFICATES. If any certificate(s) representing Shares has been lost, destroyed or stolen, the stockholder should promptly notify the Depositary by either checking the box provided under the table "Description of Tendered Shares" or by calling (800) 568-3476 and indicating the number of Shares lost. The stockholder will then be instructed as to the steps that must be taken in order to replace the certificate(s). This Letter of Transmittal and related documents cannot be processed until the procedures for replacing lost, destroyed or stolen certificates have been followed. 10 11 IMPORTANT: THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL (OR A MANUALLY SIGNED FACSIMILE HEREOF) TOGETHER WITH ANY REQUIRED SIGNATURE GUARANTEES (OR, IN THE CASE OF A BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER, AN AGENT'S MESSAGE) AND ANY OTHER REQUIRED DOCUMENTS, MUST BE RECEIVED BY THE DEPOSITARY PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION DATE OR THE EXPIRATION OF ANY SUBSEQUENT OFFERING PERIOD, AND EITHER CERTIFICATES FOR TENDERED SHARES MUST BE RECEIVED BY THE DEPOSITARY, OR SHARES MUST BE DELIVERED PURSUANT TO THE PROCEDURES FOR BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER, IN EACH CASE PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION DATE (OR THE EXPIRATION OF ANY SUBSEQUENT OFFERING PERIOD), OR THE TENDERING STOCKHOLDERS MUST COMPLY WITH THE PROCEDURES FOR GUARANTEED DELIVERY. 11 12 IMPORTANT TAX INFORMATION Under Federal income tax law, a stockholder whose tendered Shares are accepted for payment is required to provide the Depositary (as payer) with such stockholder's correct taxpayer identification number on Substitute Form W-9 below. If such stockholder is an individual, the taxpayer identification number is his or her social security number. If the Depositary is not provided with the correct taxpayer identification number, the stockholder may be subject to a $50 penalty imposed by the Internal Revenue Service. In addition, payments that are made to such stockholder with respect to Shares purchased pursuant to the Offer may be subject to backup withholding of 31%. Certain stockholders (including, among others, all corporations, and certain foreign individuals and entities) are not subject to these backup withholding and reporting requirements. In order for a foreign individual to qualify as an exempt recipient, that stockholder must submit a statement, signed under penalties of perjury, attesting to that individual's exempt status. Such statements can be obtained from the Depositary. Exempt stockholders, other than foreign individuals, should furnish their TIN, write "Exempt" on the face of the Substitute Form W-9 below, and sign, date and return the Substitute Form W-9 to the Depositary. See the enclosed Guidelines for Certification of Taxpayer Identification Number on Substitute Form W-9 for additional instructions. If backup withholding applies, the Depositary is required to withhold 31% of any payments made to the stockholder. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, the tax liability of persons subject to backup withholding will be reduced by the amount of tax withheld. If withholding results in an overpayment of taxes, a refund may be obtained from the Internal Revenue Service. PURPOSE OF SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 To prevent backup withholding on payments that are made to a stockholder with respect to Shares purchased pursuant to the Offer, the stockholder is required to notify the Depositary of such stockholder's correct taxpayer identification number by completing the form contained herein certifying that the taxpayer identification number provided on Substitute Form W-9 is correct (or that such stockholder is awaiting a taxpayer identification number). WHAT NUMBER TO GIVE THE DEPOSITARY The stockholder is required to give the Depositary the social security number or employer identification number of the record owner of the Shares. If the Shares are in more than one name or are not in the name of the actual owner, consult the enclosed Guidelines for Certification of Taxpayer Identification Number on Substitute Form W-9 for additional guidance on which number to report. If the tendering stockholder has not been issued a TIN and has applied for a TIN or intends to apply for a TIN in the near future, such stockholder should write "Applied For" in the space provided for the TIN in Part 1 of the Substitute Form W-9 and sign and date the Substitute Form W-9, and the stockholder or other payee must also complete the Certificate of Awaiting Taxpayer Identification Number below in order to avoid backup withholding. Notwithstanding that the Certificate of Awaiting Taxpayer Identification Number is completed, the Depositary will withhold 31% on all payments made prior to the time a properly certified TIN is provided to the Depositary. However, such amounts will be refunded to such stockholder if a TIN is provided to the Depositary within 60 days. 12 13 PAYER'S NAME: SUNTRUST BANK - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SUBSTITUTE PART 1 -- PLEASE PROVIDE YOUR TIN IN THE BOX AT Social Security Number FORM W-9 RIGHT AND CERTIFY BY SIGNING AND DATING BELOW -------------------------------------- OR------------------------------------ Employer Identification Number ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Department of the Treasury PART 2 -- Check the box if you are NOT subject to backup withholding under the provisions of Internal Revenue Service Section 3406(a)(1)(C) of the Internal Revenue Code because (1) you are exempt from backup withholding, or (2) you have not been notified that you are subject to backup withholding as a result of failure to report all interest or dividends or (3) the Internal Revenue Service has notified you that you are no longer subject to backup withholding. [ ] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PAYER'S REQUEST FOR TAXPAYER CERTIFICATION -- UNDER THE PENALTIES OF PERJURY, I CERTIFY THAT THE PART 3 -- IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (TIN) INFORMATION PROVIDED ON THIS FORM IS TRUE, CORRECT AND COMPLETE. Signature ------------------------------- Date--------------------- Awaiting TIN [ ] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NOTE: FAILURE TO COMPLETE AND RETURN THIS FORM MAY RESULT IN BACKUP WITHHOLDING OF 31% OF ANY PAYMENTS MADE TO YOU PURSUANT TO THE OFFER. PLEASE REVIEW THE ENCLOSED GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 FOR ADDITIONAL DETAILS. YOU MUST COMPLETE THE CERTIFICATE IF YOU CHECKED THE BOX IN PART 3 OF SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9. CERTIFICATE OF AWAITING TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER I certify under penalties of perjury that a taxpayer identification number has not been issued to me, and either (1) I have mailed or delivered an application to receive a taxpayer identification number to the appropriate Internal Revenue Service Center or Social Security Administration Office or (2) I intend to mail or deliver an application in the near future. I understand that if I do not provide a taxpayer identification number by the time of payment, 31% of all payments made to me will be withheld, but that such amounts will be refunded to me if I then provide a Taxpayer Identification Number within sixty (60) days. - --------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------ Signature Date MANUALLY SIGNED FACSIMILE COPIES OF THE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL WILL BE ACCEPTED. THE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL, CERTIFICATES FOR THE SHARES AND ANY OTHER REQUIRED DOCUMENTS SHOULD BE SENT OR DELIVERED BY EACH STOCKHOLDER OF THE COMPANY OR SUCH STOCKHOLDER'S BROKER, DEALER, COMMERCIAL BANK, TRUST COMPANY OR OTHER NOMINEE TO THE DEPOSITARY AT ONE OF ITS ADDRESSES SET FORTH ON THE FIRST PAGE. 13 14 Questions and requests for assistance or for additional copies of the Offer to Purchase, the Letter of Transmittal, the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery and other tender offer materials may be directed to the Information Agent or the Dealer Manager at their respective telephone numbers and locations listed below, and will be furnished promptly at Purchaser's expense. You may also contact your broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee for assistance concerning the Offer. THE INFORMATION AGENT FOR THE OFFER IS: MORROW & CO., INC. 445 Park Avenue New York, New York 10022 Call Collect (212) 754-8000 Banks and Brokerage Firms Call: (800) 654-2468 (Toll Free) STOCKHOLDERS PLEASE CALL: (800) 607-0088 (TOLL FREE) E-mail: clintrials.info@morrowco.com THE DEALER MANAGER FOR THE OFFER IS: BEAR, STEARNS & CO. INC. 245 Park Avenue New York, New York 10167 (888) 261-1668 (Toll-Free) 14