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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-Q
(MARK ONE)
[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2004
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO
COMMISSION FILE NO. 0-11321
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UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
NEW YORK 11-2580136
(State of other jurisdiction of (IRS Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)
SIX INTERNATIONAL DRIVE, SUITE 190
RYE BROOK, NEW YORK 10573
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)
(914) 934-5200
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
---------------------
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as
defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [X] No [ ]
The number of shares of the registrant's common stock, par value $0.01 per
share, outstanding as of May 3, 2004 was 54,505,883.
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UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP.
FORM 10-Q
CONTENTS
Page No.
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
Consolidated Balance Sheets 3
Consolidated Statements of Operations 4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity and Comprehensive Income 5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 7
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 21
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure of Market Risk 37
Item 4. Controls and Procedures 39
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings 39
Item 2. Changes in Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 39
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities 39
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders 39
Item 5. Other Information 39
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K 39
Signatures 40
2
PART 1. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)
MARCH 31, DECEMBER 31,
2004 2003
------------ ------------
(In thousands)
ASSETS
Investments (Note 7):
Fixed maturities available for sale, at fair value
(amortized cost: 2004, $1,115,448; 2003, $1,081,954) $ 1,194,094 $ 1,141,392
Equity securities, at fair value (cost: 2004, $758; 2003, $1,481) 755 1,507
Policy loans 25,392 25,502
Other invested assets 1,147 1,583
------------ ------------
Total investments 1,221,388 1,169,984
Cash and cash equivalents 96,089 116,524
Accrued investment income 13,717 14,476
Deferred policy acquisition costs 156,276 143,711
Amounts due from reinsurers 220,587 219,182
Due and unpaid premiums 7,494 7,433
Deferred income tax asset 4,435 15,757
Present value of future profits and other amortizing intangible assets 43,100 44,047
Goodwill and other indefinite lived intangible assets (Note 4) 13,117 13,117
Other assets 43,480 36,717
------------ ------------
Total assets $ 1,819,683 $ 1,780,948
============ ============
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
LIABILITIES
Policyholder account balances $ 443,475 $ 419,685
Reserves for future policy benefits 730,175 722,466
Policy and contract claims - life 7,571 8,672
Policy and contract claims - health 98,432 100,232
Loan payable (Note 10) 36,406 38,172
Other long term debt (Note 11) 75,000 75,000
Amounts due to reinsurers 5,274 6,779
Income taxes payable 1,000 12,489
Other liabilities 52,053 51,715
------------ ------------
Total liabilities 1,449,386 1,435,210
------------ ------------
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Note 9)
Common stock (Authorized: 80 million shares, issued:
2004, 54.4 million shares; 2003, 54.1 million shares) 544 541
Additional paid-in capital 165,755 164,355
Accumulated other comprehensive income 49,264 39,774
Retained earnings 156,334 142,458
Less: Treasury stock (2004, 0.2 million shares; 2003, 0.2 million shares) (1,600) (1,390)
------------ ------------
Total stockholders' equity 370,297 345,738
------------ ------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 1,819,683 $ 1,780,948
============ ============
See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
3
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
- --------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS, PER SHARE AMOUNTS IN DOLLARS)
Revenues:
Direct premiums and policyholder fees earned $ 192,732 $ 154,646
Reinsurance premiums assumed 9,533 6,449
Reinsurance premiums ceded (66,174) (81,909)
---------- ----------
Net premiums and policyholder fees earned 136,091 79,186
Net investment income 16,078 14,378
Realized gains on investments 3,591 110
Fee and other income 2,778 4,239
---------- ----------
Total revenues 158,538 97,913
---------- ----------
Benefits, claims and expenses:
Net increase in future policy benefits 8,135 5,066
Net claims and other benefits 86,374 50,740
Interest credited to policyholders 4,220 3,133
Net increase in deferred acquisition costs (16,321) (8,251)
Amortization of present value of future profits 923 121
Commissions 33,796 30,364
Commission and expense allowances on reinsurance ceded (11,083) (22,356)
Interest expense 1,523 816
Early extinguishment of debt (Note 10) - 1,766
Other operating costs and expenses 29,786 24,863
---------- ----------
Total benefits, claims and expenses 137,353 86,262
---------- ----------
Income before taxes 21,185 11,651
Income tax expense 7,309 4,103
---------- ----------
Net income $ 13,876 $ 7,548
========== ==========
Earnings per common share:
Basic $ 0.26 $ 0.14
========== ==========
Diluted $ 0.25 $ 0.14
========== ==========
See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
4
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(UNAUDITED)
ACCUMULATED
ADDITIONAL OTHER
COMMON PAID-IN COMPREHENSIVE RETAINED TREASURY
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, STOCK CAPITAL INCOME / (LOSS) EARNINGS STOCK TOTAL
- --------------------------------- --------- ---------- ---------------- --------- --------- ---------
(In thousands)
2003
Balance, January 1, 2003 $ 532 $ 158,264 $ 29,887 $ 99,406 $ (1,320) $ 286,769
Net income - - - 7,548 - 7,548
Other comprehensive income
(Note 8) - - (146) - - (146)
---------
Comprehensive income 7,402
---------
Issuance of common stock (Note 9) 1 490 - - - 491
Stock-based compensation - 228 - - - 228
Loans to officers 32 - - - 32
Treasury shares purchased, at
cost (Note 9) - - - - (188) (188)
Treasury shares reissued (Note 9) - 3 - - 42 45
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance, March 31, 2003 $ 533 $ 159,017 $ 29,741 $ 106,954 $ (1,466) $ 294,779
========= ========= ========= ========= ========= =========
2004
Balance, January 1, 2004 $ 541 $ 164,355 $ 39,774 $ 142,458 $ (1,390) $ 345,738
Net income - - - 13,876 - 13,876
Other comprehensive income
(Note 8) - - 9,490 - - 9,490
---------
Comprehensive income 23,366
---------
Issuance of common stock (Note 9) 3 1,348 - - - 1,351
Stock-based compensation - 14 - - - 14
Loans to officers - 25 - - - 25
Treasury shares purchased, at
cost (Note 9) - - - - (248) (248)
Treasury shares reissued (Note 9) - 13 - - 38 51
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance, March 31, 2004 $ 544 $ 165,755 $ 49,264 $ 156,334 $ (1,600) $ 370,297
========= ========= ========= ========= ========= =========
See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
5
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------
(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 13,876 $ 7,548
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities,
net of balances acquired (see Note 3 - Business Combinations):
Deferred income taxes 6,213 3,724
Change in reserves for future policy benefits 7,749 6,880
Change in policy and contract claims (2,902) (2,046)
Change in deferred policy acquisition costs (16,321) (8,251)
Amortization of present value of future profits 923 121
Amortization of bond premium (862) (1,271)
Amortization of capitalized loan origination fees 123 1,895
Change in policy loans 111 53
Change in accrued investment income 759 1,143
Change in reinsurance balances (3,101) (3,755)
Realized gains on investments (3,591) (110)
Change in income taxes payable (11,489) (1,381)
Other, net (3,468) (1,668)
---------- ----------
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities (11,980) 2,882
---------- ----------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sale or redemption of fixed maturities 109,723 97,327
Cost of fixed maturities purchased (139,078) (70,186)
Proceeds from sale of equity securities 723 -
Cost of equity securities purchased - (180)
Change in other invested assets 428 574
Change in due from / to broker (2,411) (2,379)
Purchase of business, net of cash acquired (Note 3) - (56,906)
Other investing activities (900) (749)
---------- ----------
Net cash used by investing activities (31,515) (32,499)
---------- ----------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock 1,376 492
Cost of treasury stock purchases (248) (189)
Change in policyholder account balances 23,790 21,229
Change in reinsurance on policyholder account balances (92) 62
Principal repayment on loan payable (1,766) (2,825)
Early extinguishment of debt (Note 10) - (47,950)
Issuance of new debt (Note 10) - 65,000
Issuance of trust preferred securities (Note 11) - 10,000
---------- ----------
Net cash provided by financing activities 23,060 45,819
---------- ----------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (20,435) 16,202
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 116,524 36,754
---------- ----------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 96,089 $ 52,956
========== ==========
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for interest $ 1,529 $ 1,247
========== ==========
Cash paid during the period for income taxes $ 13,035 $ 2,017
========== ==========
See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
6
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The interim financial information herein is unaudited, but in the opinion
of management, includes all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring
adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position and results of
operations for such periods. The results of operations for the three months
ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 are not necessarily indicative of the results to
be expected for the full year. The accompanying consolidated financial
statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. Certain
reclassifications have been made to prior year's financial statements to conform
to current period classifications.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") and
consolidate the accounts of Universal American Financial Corp. ("Universal
American") and its subsidiaries (collectively the "Company"), American
Progressive Life & Health Insurance Company of New York ("American
Progressive"), American Pioneer Life Insurance Company ("American Pioneer"),
American Exchange Life Insurance Company ("American Exchange"), Pennsylvania
Life Insurance Company ("Pennsylvania Life"), Peninsular Life Insurance Company
("Peninsular"), Union Bankers Insurance Company ("Union Bankers"), Constitution
Life Insurance Company ("Constitution"), Marquette National Life Insurance
Company ("Marquette"), Penncorp Life Insurance Company, a Canadian company
("Penncorp Life (Canada)"), The Pyramid Life Insurance Company ("Pyramid Life")
and CHCS Services, Inc. ("CHCS").
Pyramid Life was acquired on March 31, 2003 and its operating results
prior to the date of acquisition are not included in Universal American's
consolidated results of operations.
Collectively, the insurance company subsidiaries are licensed to sell life
and accident & health insurance and annuities in all fifty states, the District
of Columbia, Puerto Rico and all the provinces of Canada. The principal
insurance products are Medicare Supplement and Select, fixed benefit accident
and sickness disability insurance, long term care, senior life insurance and
fixed annuities. The Company distributes these products through an independent
general agency system and a career agency system. The career agents focus on
sales for Pennsylvania Life, Pyramid Life and Penncorp Life (Canada) while the
independent general agents sell for American Pioneer, American Progressive,
Constitution and Union Bankers. CHCS, the Company's administrative services
company, acts as a service provider for both affiliated and unaffiliated
insurance companies for senior market insurance and non-insurance programs.
2 RECENT AND PENDING ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
FASB Interpretation No. 46 (FIN 46), Consolidation of Variable Interest
Entities, an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, which
requires an entity to assess its interests in a variable interest entity to
determine whether to consolidate that entity. A variable interest entity is an
entity in which the equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the
entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated support from
other parties or the equity investors do not have the characteristics of a
controlling financial interest. FIN 46 requires that a variable interest entity
be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, which is the party that will absorb
a majority of the entity's expected losses if they occur, receive a majority of
the entity's expected residual returns if they occur, or both.
7
The provisions of FIN 46 were effective immediately for variable interest
entities created after January 31, 2003 and for variable interest entities for
which the Company obtains an interest after that date. For any variable interest
entities acquired prior to February 1, 2003, the provisions of the
interpretation of FIN 46, as amended by FASB Staff Position No. 46-6, are
effective for the quarter ending December 31, 2003. An interpretation of FIN 46
was issued in December 2003 which allows the Company to defer the effective date
for consolidation of variable interest entities to the first reporting period
that ends after March 15, 2004. Adoption of the provisions of the interpretation
FIN 46 did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial condition or
results of operations.
In December 2003, the FASB issued a revised version of FIN 46 ("FIN 46R"),
which incorporates a number of modifications and changes made to the original
version. FIN 46R replaces the previously issued FIN 46 and, subject to certain
special provisions, is effective no later than the end of the first reporting
period that ends after December 15, 2003 for entities considered to be
special-purpose entities and no later than the end of the first reporting period
that ends after March 15, 2004 for all other variable interest entities
("VIEs"). Although early adoption was permitted, the Company adopted FIN 46R in
the first quarter of 2004. The adoption of FIN 46R resulted in the
deconsolidation of the VIEs that issued mandatorily redeemable preferred
securities of a subsidiary trust ("trust preferred securities"). The sole assets
of the VIEs are junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company with
repayment terms identical to the trust preferred securities. Previously, the
trust preferred securities were reported as a separate liability on the
Company's balance sheet as "company obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred
securities of subsidiary trusts holding solely junior subordinated debentures".
The dividends on the trust preferred securities were reported as interest
expense. As a result of the deconsolidation, the liability for the junior
subordinated debentures issued by the Company to the subsidiary trusts will be
reported as a separate liability in the Company's balance sheet as "other long
term debt". See Note 11 - Other Long Term Debt for a description of the trust
preferred securities.
In July 2003, AcSEC issued a final Statement of Position 03-1, "Accounting
and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Nontraditional Long-Duration
Contracts and for Separate Accounts" ("SOP 03-1"). SOP 03-1 addresses a wide
variety of topics, however the primary provision that applies to the Company
relates to capitalizing sales inducements that meet specified criteria and
amortizing such amounts over the life of the contracts using the same
methodology as used for amortizing deferred acquisition costs ("DAC"). The
Company adopted SOP 03-1 effective January 1, 2004.
The Company currently offers enhanced or bonus crediting rates to
contract-holders on certain of its individual annuity products. The Company's
policy in this regard was to defer only the portion of the bonus interest amount
that was offset by a corresponding reduction in the sales commission to the
agent. Effective January 1, 2004, all bonus interest was deferred and amortized.
The adoption of SOP 03-1 did not have a material impact on the consolidated
financial position or results of operations of the Company.
The Company has various stock-based compensation plans for its employees,
directors and agents, which are more fully described in Note 9 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's 2003 Annual Report
on Form 10-K. The Company uses the fair value method of accounting for
stock-based awards granted to agents, however, as permitted by SFAS 123, the
Company measures its stock-based compensation for employees and directors using
the intrinsic value approach under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25,
"Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees". Accordingly, the Company does not
recognize compensation expense upon the issuance of its stock options when the
option terms are fixed and the exercise price equals the market price of the
underlying common stock on the grant date. The Company does not intend to adopt
the fair value method of accounting for stock-based compensation provisions of
SFAS 123 for its employees or directors.
8
On December 31, 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation -- Transition and Disclosure" ("SFAS 148"). This
standard amends SFAS 123 to provide alternative methods of transition for a
voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based
employee compensation. This standard also requires prominent disclosures in both
annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for
stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported
results. The Company has applied the disclosure provisions of SFAS 148 as of
December 31, 2003, as required and presented below. For purposes of pro forma
disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options is amortized to expense
over the options' vesting period. The following table illustrates the pro forma
net income and pro forma earnings per share as if the Company had applied the
fair value based method of accounting to all stock-based awards during each
period presented (using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for stock
options).
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
- -------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Reported net income $ 13,876 $ 7,548
Add back: Stock-based compensation expense included in
reported net income, net of tax 14 320
Less: Stock based compensation expense determined under
fair value based method for all awards, net of tax (204) (587)
---------- ----------
Pro forma net income $ 13,686 $ 7,281
========== ==========
Net income per share:
Basic, as reported $ 0.26 $ 0.14
Basic, pro forma $ 0.25 $ 0.14
Diluted, as reported $ 0.25 $ 0.14
Diluted, pro forma $ 0.24 $ 0.13
Pro forma compensation expense reflected for prior periods is not
indicative of future compensation expense that would be recorded by the Company
if it were to adopt the fair value based recognition provisions of SFAS 123 for
stock-based compensation for its employees and directors. Future expense may
vary based upon factors such as the number of awards granted by the Company, the
then-current fair market value of such awards.
Pending Accounting Standards
In March 2004, the Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") reached a final
consensus on Issue 03-1, "The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its
Application to Certain Investments" ("EITF 03-1"). EITF 03-1 adopts a three-step
impairment model for securities within its scope. The three-step model must be
applied on a security-by-security basis as follows:
Step 1: Determine whether an investment is impaired. An investment is
impaired if the fair value of the investment is less than its cost
basis.
Step 2: Evaluate whether an impairment is other-than-temporary. For debt
securities that cannot be contractually prepaid or otherwise
settled in such a way that the investor would not recover
substantially all of its cost, an impairment is deemed
other-than-temporary if the investor does not have the ability and
intent to hold the investment until a forecasted market price
recovery or it is probable that the investor will be unable to
collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the
debt security.
Step 3: If the impairment is other-than-temporary, recognize an impairment
loss equal to the difference between the investment's cost basis
and its fair value.
Subsequent to an other-than-temporary impairment loss, a debt security
should be accounted for
9
in accordance with Statement of Position ("SOP") 03-3, "Accounting for Loans and
Certain Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer". EITF 03-1 does not replace the
impairment guidance for investments accounted for under EITF Issue 99-20,
"Recognition of Interest Income and Impairments on Purchased and Retained
Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets" ("EITF 99-20"), however,
investors will be required to determine if a security is other-than-temporarily
impaired under EITF 03-1 if the security is determined not to be impaired under
EITF 99-20. The disclosure provisions of EITF 03-1 adopted by the Company
effective December 31, 2003 and included in Note 6-Investments of the
consolidated financial statements included in the Company's 2003 Annual Report
on Form 10-K will prospectively include securities subject to EITF 99-20.
The impairment evaluation and recognition guidance in EITF 03-1 will be
applied prospectively for all relevant current and future investments, effective
in reporting periods beginning after June 15, 2004. Besides the disclosure
requirements adopted by the Company effective December 31, 2003, the final
version of EITF 03-1 included additional disclosure requirements that are
effective for fiscal years ending after June 15, 2004. The adoption of this
standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated
financial condition or results of operations.
3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
Acquisition of Pyramid Life
On March 31, 2003, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the
outstanding common stock of Pyramid Life. As part of this transaction, the
Company acquired a block of in-force business as well as a career sales force
that is skilled in selling senior market insurance products. The purchase price
of $57.5 million and transaction costs of $2.4 million were financed with $20.1
million of net proceeds generated from the refinancing of the Company's credit
facility and $39.8 million of cash on hand, including a portion of the proceeds
from the trust preferred offerings completed by the Company in December 2002 and
March 2003. (See Note 10 - Loan Payable and Note 11 - Other Long Term Debt).
Operating results generated by Pyramid Life prior to March 31, 2003, the date of
acquisition, are not included in the Company's consolidated financial
statements. At the time of closing, the fair value of net tangible assets of the
acquired company amounted to $27.6 million. The excess of the purchase price
over the fair value of net tangible assets acquired was $32.3 million. At March
31, 2003, the Company performed the initial allocation of the excess to
identifiable intangible assets. Based on this initial allocation, approximately
$13.1 million, net of deferred income taxes of $7.1 million, was assigned to the
present value of future profits acquired, which has a weighted average life of 7
years. Approximately $14.3 million, net of deferred income taxes of $7.7
million, was assigned to the distribution channel acquired, which has a weighted
average life of 30 years. The value of the distribution channel represents the
projected new sales production from the career distribution established by
Pyramid Life. Pyramid Life distributes its products on an exclusive basis
through Senior Sales Solution Centers. The remaining $4.9 million was assigned
to the value of the trademarks and licenses acquired, which are deemed to have
an indefinite life. The consolidated pro forma results of operations, assuming
that Pyramid Life was purchased on January 1, 2003 is as follows:
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2003
- --------------------------- --------------
(In thousands)
Total revenue $126,804
Income before taxes (1) $ 12,494
Net income (1) $ 8,086
Earnings per common share:
Basic $ 0.15
Diluted (1) $ 0.15
(1) The above pro forma results of operations includes excess amortization of
capitalized loan fees of $1.9 million in 2003 as a result of the assumed
refinancing of the existing debt at January 1, 2003. This additional
expense reduced net income by $1.2 million or $0.02 per diluted share in
2003. The actual amount of excess amortization reported in 2003 was $1.8
million.
The pro forma results of operations reflect management's best estimate
based upon currently
10
available information. The pro forma adjustments are applied to the historical
financial statements of Universal American and Pyramid Life to account for
Pyramid Life under the purchase method of accounting. In accordance with SFAS
No. 141, "Business Combinations", the total purchase cost was allocated to
Pyramid Life's assets and liabilities based on their relative fair values. These
allocations are subject to valuations as of the date of the acquisition based
upon appraisals and other information at that time. Management has provided its
best estimate of the fair values of assets and liabilities for the purpose of
this pro forma information. The pro forma information presented above is for
disclosure purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of
operations that would have occurred had the acquisition been consummated on the
dates assumed, nor is the pro forma information intended to be indicative of
Universal American's future results of operations.
Pending Acquisition of Heritage Health Systems, Inc.
In March 2004, the Company signed a definitive agreement to acquire
Heritage Health Systems, Inc. ("Heritage"), a privately owned managed care
company that operates Medicare Advantage plans in Houston and Beaumont Texas,
for approximately $98 million in cash. The closing of the acquisition is subject
to regulatory approvals and other customary conditions, and is expected to occur
in the second quarter of 2004. Founded in 1995, Heritage has approximately
15,700 Medicare members and has annualized revenues of approximately $132
million. As of the closing, Heritage is projected to have approximately $14
million of stockholders' equity and no debt.
The Company intends to finance this acquisition using approximately $34
million of cash on hand, with the balance from the proceeds of refinancing its
senior credit facility to be arranged by Banc of America Securities, LLC (See
Note 10 - Loan Payable).
4 INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The following table shows the Company's acquired intangible assets that
continue to be subject to amortization and accumulated amortization expense.
MARCH 31, 2004 DECEMBER 31, 2003
------------------------- --------------------------
GROSS CARRY ACCUMULATED GROSS CARRY ACCUMULATED
AMOUNT AMORTIZATION AMOUNT AMORTIZATION
----------- ------------ ----------- ------------
(In thousands)
Present value of future profits:
Career Agency $ 20,208 $ 2,344 $ 20,208 $ 1,784
Senior Market Brokerage 2,391 1,049 2,391 974
Administrative Services 7,672 6,837 7,672 6,770
Value of future override fees 1,797 58 1,820 20
Distribution Channel - Career Agency 22,055 735 22,055 551
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total $ 54,123 $ 11,023 $ 54,146 $ 10,099
========== ========== ========== ==========
The following table shows the changes in the present value of future
profits and other amortizing intangible assets.
Three months ended March 31, 2004 2003
- ------------------------------- -------- --------
(In thousands)
Balance, beginning of year $ 44,047 $ 2,986
Additions and adjustments (24) 20,843
Amortization, net of interest (923) (121)
-------- --------
Balance, end of period $ 43,100 $ 23,708
======== ========
Estimated future net amortization expense (in thousands) for the
succeeding five years is as follows:
2004 (Remainder of year) $ 2,486
2005 3,362
2006 3,270
2007 3,109
2008 2,739
Thereafter 28,134
--------
Total $ 43,100
========
11
The carrying amounts of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite
lives as of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003 are shown below.
March 31, December 31,
2004 2003
-------- -----------
(In thousands)
Career Agency $ 4,867 $ 4,867
Senior Market Brokerage 3,893 3,893
Administrative Services 4,357 4,357
-------- --------
Total $ 13,117 $ 13,117
======== ========
5. REINSURANCE TRANSACTIONS
Recapture of Reinsurance Ceded
Effective April 1, 2003, American Pioneer entered into agreements to
recapture approximately $48 million of Medicare Supplement business that had
previously been reinsured to Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company,
Reinsurance Division ("Transamerica") under two quota share contracts. In 1996,
American Pioneer entered into two reinsurance treaties with Transamerica.
Pursuant to the first of these contracts American Pioneer ceded to Transamerica
90% of approximately $50 million of annualized premium that it had acquired from
First National Life Insurance Company in 1996. Under the second contract, as
subsequently amended, American Pioneer agreed to cede to Transamerica 75% of
certain new business from October 1996 through December 31, 1999. As of April 1,
2003, approximately $27 million remained ceded under the First National treaty
and approximately $16 million remained ceded under the new business treaty.
As part of an effort to exit certain non-core lines of business,
Transamerica approached the Company in 2002 to determine our interest in
recapturing the two treaties. Under the terms of the recapture agreements,
Transamerica transferred approximately $18 million in cash to American Pioneer
to cover the statutory reserves recaptured by American Pioneer. No ceding
allowance was paid by American Pioneer in the recapture and American Pioneer
currently retains 100% of the risks on the current in force amount remaining of
the block of $48 million of Medicare Supplement business. There was no gain or
loss incurred on these recapture agreements.
Acquisition of Guarantee Reserve Marketing Organization
Effective July 1, 2003, Universal American entered into an agreement with
Swiss Re and its newly acquired subsidiary, Guarantee Reserve Life Insurance
Company ("Guarantee Reserve"), to acquire Guarantee Reserve's marketing
organization, including all rights to do business with its field force. The
primary product sold by this marketing organization is low face amount whole
life insurance.
Beginning July 1, 2003, the Guarantee Reserve field force continued to
write this business in Guarantee Reserve, with Universal American administering
all new business and assuming 50% of the risk through a quota share reinsurance
arrangement. Beginning in the second quarter of 2004, as the products are
approved for sale in each state, new business will be written by a Universal
American subsidiary, with 50% of the risk ceded to Swiss Re.
12
6. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The reconciliation of the numerators and the denominators of the basic and
diluted EPS is as follows:
INCOME SHARES PER SHARE
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, (NUMERATOR) (DENOMINATOR) AMOUNT
---------------------------- ---------- ------------ ---------
(In thousands, per share amounts in dollars)
2004
Weighted average common stock outstanding 54,269
Less: Weighted average treasury shares (207)
-------
Basic EPS:
Net income applicable to common shareholders $ 13,876 54,062 $ 0.26
======== ======
Effect of Dilutive Securities 2,086
-------
Diluted EPS:
Net income applicable to common
shareholders plus assumed conversions $ 13,876 56,148 $ 0.25
======== ======= ======
INCOME SHARES PER SHARE
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, (NUMERATOR) (DENOMINATOR) AMOUNT
---------------------------- ---------- ------------ ---------
(In thousands, per share amounts in dollars)
2003
Weighted average common stock outstanding 53,254
Less: weighted average treasury shares (261)
-------
Basic EPS:
Net income applicable to common shareholders $ 7,548 52,993 $ 0.14
======== ======
Effect of Dilutive Securities 1,131
-------
Diluted EPS:
Net income applicable to common
shareholders plus assumed conversions $ 7,548 54,124 $ 0.14
======== ======= ======
7. INVESTMENTS
Fixed maturity securities are classified as investments available for sale
and are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gain or loss, net of tax and
other adjustments (deferred policy acquisition costs), included in accumulated
other comprehensive income.
GROSS GROSS
AMORTIZED UNREALIZED UNREALIZED FAIR
CLASSIFICATION COST GAINS LOSSES VALUE
- ------------------------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
(In thousands)
MARCH 31, 2004
US Treasury securities
and obligations of US government $ 72,216 $ 1,298 $ (1) $ 73,513
Corporate debt securities 513,350 47,314 (2,157) 558,507
Foreign debt securities (1) 202,256 20,734 (176) 222,814
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities 327,626 11,933 (299) 339,260
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
$ 1,115,448 $ 81,279 $ (2,633) $ 1,194,094
============ ============ ============ ============
DECEMBER 31, 2003
US Treasury securities
and obligations of US government $ 74,187 $ 695 $ (219) $ 74,663
Corporate debt securities 544,744 36,892 (4,988) 576,648
Foreign debt securities (1) 218,011 19,041 (118) 236,934
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities 245,012 8,711 (576) 253,147
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
$ 1,081,954 $ 65,339 $ (5,901) $ 1,141,392
============ ============ ============ ============
(1) Primarily Canadian dollar denominated bonds owned by our Canadian insurance
subsidiary.
The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual
maturity are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual
maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations
with or without call or prepayment penalties.
13
MARCH 31, 2004
---------------------------
AMORTIZED FAIR
COST VALUE
------------ ------------
(In thousands)
Due in 1 year or less $ 37,497 $ 38,057
Due after 1 year through 5 years 176,034 191,350
Due after 5 years through 10 years 331,402 364,489
Due after 10 years 242,889 260,938
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities 327,626 339,260
------------ ------------
$ 1,115,448 $ 1,194,094
============ ============
During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company did not write
down the value of any fixed maturity securities. During the three months ended
March 31, 2003, the Company wrote down the value of certain fixed maturity
securities by $0.2 million. These write downs represent management's estimate of
other than temporary declines in value and were included in net realized gains
on investments in our consolidated statement of operations.
8. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The components of other comprehensive income and the related tax effects
for each component are as follows:
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
- ---------------------------------- -------------------------------------- --------------------------------------
BEFORE TAX NET OF BEFORE TAX NET OF
TAX EXPENSE TAX TAX EXPENSE TAX
AMOUNT (BENEFIT) AMOUNT AMOUNT (BENEFIT) AMOUNT
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(In thousands)
Net unrealized gain (loss) arising
during the year (net of deferred
acquisition cost adjustment) $ 19,020 $ 6,657 $ 12,363 $ (3,302) $ (1,160) $ (2,142)
Less:
Reclassification adjustment
for gains included in net income (3,591) (1,257) (2,334) (110) (39) (71)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Net unrealized gains (losses) 15,429 5,400 10,029 (3,192) (1,121) (2,071)
Cash Flow Hedge (269) (94) (175) - - -
Currency translation adjustments (560) (196) (364) 2,962 1,037 1,925
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Other comprehensive income (loss) $ 14,600 $ 5,110 $ 9,490 $ (230) $ (84) $ (146)
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
9. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common Stock
The par value of common stock is $.01 per share with 80,000,000 shares
authorized for issuance. Changes in the number of shares of common stock issued
were as follows:
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
- -------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------
Common stock issued, beginning of year 54,111,923 53,184,381
Stock options exercised 300,121 125,620
Stock purchases pursuant to agents' stock purchase plans 4,498 5,000
---------- ----------
Common stock issued, end of period 54,416,542 53,315,001
========== ==========
14
The Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") has approved and
recommends that the shareholders approve at the Annual Meeting on May 26, 2004,
a proposal to amend the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation to
increase the number of authorized shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per
share, from 80 million shares to 100 million shares. The Board has concluded
that increasing the number of authorized shares of common stock will give the
Company the ability to react quickly to future growth opportunities for the
Company. Although the Board has no specific plans or commitments for the
issuance of any of the additional shares that would be authorized by the
amendment, the Board believes that the increase in the number of authorized
shares will provide flexibility for actions the Company might wish to take, such
as paying for acquisitions with stock of the Company, equity offerings to raise
capital, distributing stock splits or stock dividends and granting new awards
under employee benefit plans.
Treasury Stock
The Board approved a plan to repurchase up to 1.5 million shares of
Company stock in the open market. The primary purpose of the plan is to fund
employee stock bonuses.
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
- ------------------------------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------
WEIGHTED WEIGHTED
AVERAGE AVERAGE
COST PER COST PER
SHARES AMOUNT SHARE SHARES AMOUNT SHARE
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
(In thousands) (In thousands)
Treasury stock beginning of year 192,863 $ 1,390 $ 7.21 241,076 $ 1,320 $ 5.48
Shares repurchased 24,161 248 10.26 33,690 189 5.60
Shares Distributed in the form
of employee bonuses (5,219) (38) 9.71 (7,721) (42) 5.92
------- -------- ------- --------
Treasury stock, end of period 211,805 $ 1,600 $ 7.55 267,045 $ 1,467 $ 5.49
======= ======== ======= ========
Through March 31, 2004, the Company had repurchased 784,351 shares at an
aggregate cost of $4.4 million. As of March 31, 2004, 715,649 shares remained
available for repurchase under the program. Additional repurchases may be made
from time to time at prevailing prices, subject to restrictions on volume and
timing.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income are as follows:
MARCH 31, DECEMBER 31,
2004 2003
---------- ------------
(in thousands)
Net unrealized appreciation on investments $ 78,643 $ 59,464
Deferred acquisition cost adjustment (8,736) (4,985)
Foreign currency translation gains (losses) 5,956 6,516
Fair value of cash flow swap (73) 196
Deferred income taxes on the above (26,526) (21,417)
---------- ----------
Accumulated other comprehensive income $ 49,264 $ 39,774
========== ==========
10. LOAN PAYABLE
2003 Refinancing of Debt
As of January 1, 2003, the outstanding balance of the Company's existing
loan was $50.8 million. In January 2003, the Company made a scheduled principal
payment of $2.8 million, and in March, 2003 made a principal payment of $5.0
million from a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of Trust Preferred
securities (see Note 11 - - Other Long Term Debt). These payments reduced the
outstanding balance to $42.9 million, which was repaid on March 31, 2003 from
the proceeds of the Credit Agreement (as defined below) obtained in connection
with the acquisition of Pyramid Life. The early extinguishment of the then
existing debt resulted in the immediate amortization of the related capitalized
loan origination fees resulting in a pre-tax expense of approximately $1.8
million.
15
Current Credit Facility
In connection with the acquisition of Pyramid Life (see Note 3 - Business
Combinations), the Company obtained a new $80 million credit facility (the
"Credit Agreement") on March 31, 2003 to repay the then existing loan and
provide funds for the acquisition of Pyramid Life. The Credit Agreement consists
of a $65 million term loan which was drawn to fund the acquisition and a $15
million revolving loan facility, none of which has been drawn as of March 31,
2004. The Credit Agrement initally called for interest at the London Interbank
Offering Rate ("LIBOR") for one, two or three months, at the option of the
Company, plus 300 basis points. Effective March 31, 2004, the spread over
LIBOR was reduced to 275 basis points in accordance with the terms of the
Credit Agreement. Due to the variable interest rate for this Credit Agreement,
the Company would be subject to higher interest costs if short-term interest
rates rise. Principal repayments are scheduled over a five-year period with a
final maturity date of March 31, 2008. The Company incurred loan origination
fees of approximately $2.1 million, which were capitalized and are being
amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the Credit Agreement. The
Company pays an annual commitment fee of 50 basis points on the unutilized
revolving loan facility. The obligations of the Company under the Credit
Agreement are secured by 100% of the common stock of the Company's U.S.
insurance subsidiaries and 65% of the Company's Canadian subsidiary. In
addition, the obligations are guaranteed by CHCS and other direct and indirect
subsidiaries of the Company (collectively the "Guarantors") and secured by all
of the assets of each of the Guarantors.
In accordance with the Credit Agreement, 50% of the net proceeds from the
$30 million Trust Preferred securities issued in May 2003 (see Note 11 - - Other
Long Term Debt) were used to pay down the Credit Agreement. In October 2003,
$6.0 million of the proceeds from an additional $20 million Trust Preferred
offering was used to further reduce the outstanding balance of the Credit
Agreement. A waiver was requested and received to limit the required repayment
from the proceeds of the Trust Preferred offering to $6.0 million. Future
scheduled principal payments were reduced as a result of these repayments,
primarily in 2006 and 2007. The Company made regularly scheduled principal
payments of $1.8 million and paid $0.4 million in interest and fees in
connection with the Credit Agreement during the three months ended March 31,
2004. During the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company made regularly
scheduled principal payments of $2.8 million and paid $1.1 million in interest
and fees in connection with the prior credit facility.
The following table shows the schedule of principal payments (in
thousands) remaining on the Credit Agreement, as of March 31, 2004, with the
final payment in March 2008:
2004 (Remainder of year) $ 5,722
2005 8,623
2006 8,922
2007 9,607
2008 3,532
--------
$ 36,406
========
In connection with the pending acquisition of Heritage (see Note 3 -
Business Combinations), the Company intends to amend the Credit Agreement. It is
anticipated that the amended Credit Agreement will be increased to a total of
$120 million, consisting of a $105 million five-year term loan and a $15 million
revolving credit facility. The Company expects that the interest terms will be
consistent with the current facility and expects that the new loan will be
scheduled to amortize 5% per year during each of the first four years with the
remainder amortizing in the final year.
16
11. OTHER LONG TERM DEBT
The Company has formed statutory business trusts, which exist for the
exclusive purpose of issuing trust preferred securities representing undivided
beneficial interests in the assets of the trust, investing the gross proceeds of
the trust preferred securities in junior subordinated deferrable interest
debentures of the Company (the "Junior Subordinated Debt") and engaging in only
those activities necessary or incidental thereto. In accordance with the
adoption of FIN 46R, the Company has deconsolidated the trusts. For further
discussion of the adoption of FIN 46R, see Note 2 - Recent and Pending
Accounting Pronouncements.
Separate subsidiary trusts of the Company (the "Trusts") have issued a
combined $75.0 million in thirty year trust preferred securities (the "Capital
Securities") as of March 31, 2004, as detailed in the following table:
Maturity Amount Spread Rate as of
Date Issued Term Over LIBOR March 31, 2004
- ------------- ------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
(In thousands) (Basis points)
December 2032 $ 15,000 Fixed/Floating (1) 6.7%
March 2033 10,000 Floating 400 5.1%
May 2033 15,000 Floating 420 5.3%
May 2033 15,000 Fixed/Floating (2) 7.4%
October 2033 20,000 Fixed/Floating 395(3) 5.1%
--------
$ 75,000
========
(1) Effective September, 2003, the Company entered into a swap agreement whereby
we will pay a fixed rate of 6.7% in exchange for a floating rate of LIBOR
plus 400 basis points. The swap contract expires in December 2007.
(2) The rate on this issue is fixed at 7.4% for the first five years, after
which it is converted to a floating rate equal to LIBOR plus 410 basis
points.
(3) The Company entered into a swap agreement whereby it will pay a fixed rate
of 6.98% in exchange for a floating rate of LIBOR plus 395 basis points,
effective on April 29, 2004, the next interest rate reset date. The swap
contract expires in October 2008.
The Trusts have the right to call the Capital Securities at par after five
years from the date of issuance. The proceeds from the sale of the Capital
Securities, together with proceeds from the sale by the Trusts of their common
securities to the Company, were invested in thirty-year floating rate Junior
Subordinated Debt of the Company. From the proceeds of the trust preferred
securities, $26.0 million was used to pay down debt with the balance to be held
for general corporate purposes.
The Capital Securities represent an undivided beneficial interest in the
Trusts' assets, which consist solely of the Junior Subordinated Debt. Holders of
the Capital Securities have no voting rights. The Company owns all of the common
securities of the Trusts. Holders of both the Capital Securities and the Junior
Subordinated Debt are entitled to receive cumulative cash distributions accruing
from the date of issuance, and payable quarterly in arrears at a floating rate
equal to the three-month LIBOR plus a spread. The floating rate resets quarterly
and is limited to a maximum of 12.5% during the first sixty months. Due to the
variable interest rate for these securities, the Company would be subject to
higher interest costs if short-term interest rates rise. The Capital Securities
are subject to mandatory redemption upon repayment of the Junior Subordinated
Debt at maturity or upon earlier redemption. The Junior Subordinated Debt is
unsecured and ranks junior and subordinate in right of payment to all present
and future senior debt of the Company and is effectively subordinated to all
existing and future obligations of the Company's subsidiaries. The Company has
the right to redeem the Junior Subordinated Debt after five years from the date
of issuance.
17
The Company has the right at any time, and from time to time, to defer
payments of interest on the Junior Subordinated Debt for a period not exceeding
20 consecutive quarters up to each debenture's maturity date. During any such
period, interest will continue to accrue and the Company may not declare or pay
any cash dividends or distributions on, or purchase, the Company's common stock
nor make any principal, interest or premium payments on or repurchase any debt
securities that rank equally with or junior to the Junior Subordinated Debt. The
Company has the right at any time to dissolve the Trusts and cause the Junior
Subordinated Debt to be distributed to the holders of the Capital Securities.
The Company has guaranteed, on a subordinated basis, all of the Trusts'
obligations under the Capital Securities including payment of the redemption
price and any accumulated and unpaid distributions to the extent of available
funds and upon dissolution, winding up or liquidation but only to the extent the
Trusts have funds available to make such payments. The Capital Securities have
not been and will not be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the "Securities Act"), and will only be offered and sold under an applicable
exemption from registration requirements under the Securities Act.
The Company paid $1.1 million in interest in connection with the Junior
Subordinated Debt during the three months ended March 31, 2004.
12. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - CASH FLOW HEDGE
Effective September 4, 2003, the Company entered into a swap agreement
whereby it pays a fixed rate of 6.7% on a $15.0 million notional amount
relating to the December 2002 trust preferred securities issuance, in exchange
for a floating rate of LIBOR plus 400 bps, capped at 12.5%. As of March 31,
2004, the fair value of the swap was ($0.1) million and is included in other
liabilities. The swap contract expires in December 2007. The swap is designated
and qualifies as cash flow hedge, and changes in its fair value are recorded in
accumulated other comprehensive income.
In March 2004, the Company entered into a second swap agreement whereby it
pays a fixed rate of 6.98% on a $20.0 million notional amount relating to the
October 2003 trust preferred securities issuance, in exchange for a floating
rate of LIBOR plus 395 basis points, effective on April 29, 2004, the next
interest rate reset date. The swap contract expires in October 2008.
13. STATUTORY CAPITAL AND SURPLUS REQUIREMENTS
The insurance subsidiaries are required to maintain minimum amounts of
capital and surplus as required by regulatory authorities. Each of the insurance
subsidiaries' statutory capital and surplus exceeds its respective minimum
requirement. However, substantially more than such minimum amounts are needed to
meet statutory and administrative requirements of adequate capital and surplus
to support the current level of the Insurance Subsidiaries' operations.
Additionally, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC")
imposes regulatory risk-based capital ("RBC") requirements on life insurance
enterprises. At March 31, 2004, all of the Insurance Subsidiaries maintained
ratios of total adjusted capital to RBC in excess of the "authorized control
level". The combined statutory capital and surplus, including asset valuation
reserve, of the U.S. insurance subsidiaries totaled $124.0 million at March 31,
2004 and $105.2 million at March 31, 2003. Statutory net income for the three
months ended March 31, 2004 was $2.8 million, which included net realized gains
of $0.1 million and for the three months ended March 31, 2003 was $2.3 million,
which included net realized losses of $0.1 million.
Penncorp Life (Canada) reports to Canadian regulatory authorities based
upon Canadian statutory accounting principles that vary in some respects from
U.S. statutory accounting principles. Penncorp Life (Canada)'s net assets based
upon Canadian statutory accounting principles were C$58.2 million (US$44.5
million) as of March 31, 2004 and were C$57.4 million (US$39.0 million) as of
March 31, 2003. Net income based on Canadian generally accepted accounting
principles was C$2.0 million (US$1.5 million) for the three months ended March
31, 2004 and was C$1.2 million (US$0.8 million) for the three months ended March
31, 2003. Penncorp Life (Canada) maintained a Minimum Continuing Capital and
Surplus Requirement Ratio ("MCCSR") in excess of the minimum requirement at
March 31, 2004.
18
14. BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company's principal business segments are: Career Agency, Senior
Market Brokerage and Administrative Services. The Company also reports the
corporate activities of our holding company in a separate segment. A description
of these segments follows:
CAREER AGENCY -- The Career Agency segment is comprised of the operations
of Pennsylvania Life, Penncorp Life (Canada), and, beginning March 31,
2003, Pyramid Life. Pennsylvania Life and Pyramid Life operate in the
United States, while Penncorp Life (Canada) operates exclusively in
Canada. This segment's products include Medicare Supplement/Select, other
supplemental senior health insurance, fixed benefit accident and sickness
disability insurance, life insurance, and fixed annuities. These products
are distributed by career agents who are under contract with Pennsylvania
Life, Pyramid Life or Penncorp Life (Canada).
SENIOR MARKET BROKERAGE -- This segment includes the operations of,
American Pioneer, American Progressive, Constitution and Union Bankers,
which distribute senior market products through non-exclusive general
agency and brokerage distribution systems. The products sold include
Medicare Supplement/Select, long term care, senior life insurance and
fixed annuities.
ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES -- CHCS acts as a third party administrator and
service provider for both affiliated and unaffiliated insurance companies,
primarily with respect to senior market insurance products and
non-insurance products. The services provided include policy underwriting
and issuance, telephone and face-to-face verification, policyholder
services, claims adjudication, case management, care assessment and
referral to health care facilities.
CORPORATE -- This segment reflects the activities of Universal American,
including the payment of interest on our debt, certain senior executive
compensation, and the expense of being a public company.
Intersegment revenues and expenses are reported on a gross basis in each of the
operating segments but are eliminated in the consolidated results. These
intersegment revenues and expenses affect the amounts reported on the individual
financial statement line items, but are eliminated in consolidation and do not
change operating income before taxes. The significant items eliminated include
intersegment revenue and expense relating to services performed by the
Administrative Services segment for the Career Agency and Senior Market
Brokerage segments and interest on notes payable by the Corporate segment to the
other operating segments.
19
Financial results by segment are as follows:
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
- ----------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------
Income (Loss) Income (Loss)
Before Before
Revenue Income Taxes Revenue Income Taxes
---------- ------------ ---------- ------------
(In thousands)
Career Agency $ 76,483 $ 13,444 $ 41,339 $ 9,470
Senior Market Brokerage 75,523 3,481 52,464 3,056
Administrative Services 13,972 3,154 12,809 2,564
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Subtotal 165,978 20,079 106,612 15,090
Corporate 36 (2,485) 40 (3,549)
Intersegment revenues (11,067) - (8,849) -
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Segment operating total (1) 154,947 17,594 97,803 11,541
Adjustments to segment total
Net realized gains (1) 3,591 3,591 110 110
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total $ 158,538 $ 21,185 $ 97,913 $ 11,651
========== ========== ========== ==========
(1) We evaluate the results of operations of our segments based on income before
realized gains and losses and income taxes. Management believes that
realized gains and losses are not indicative of overall operating trends.
The schedule above reconciles our segment revenue to total revenue and
operating income to net income in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles.
Identifiable assets by segment are as follows:
MARCH 31, DECEMBER 31,
2004 2003
------------ ------------
(In thousands)
Career Agency $ 940,428 $ 945,911
Senior Market Brokerage 805,945 785,054
Administrative Services 19,667 19,321
------------ ------------
Subtotal 1,766,040 1,750,286
Corporate 509,886 475,377
Intersegment assets (1) (456,243) (444,715)
------------ ------------
Total Assets $ 1,819,683 $ 1,780,948
============ ============
(1) Intersegment assets include the elimination of the parent holding company's
investment in its subsidiaries as well as the elimination of other
intercompany balances.
15. FOREIGN OPERATIONS
A portion of the operations of the Company's Career Agency segment is
conducted in Canada through Penncorp Life (Canada). These assets and liabilities
are located in Canada where the insurance risks are written. Revenues, excluding
capital gains, of the Career Agency segment by geographic area are as follows:
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
- --------------------------- --------- ---------
(In thousands)
Revenues
United States $ 59,182 $ 26,241
Canada 17,301 15,098
--------- ---------
Total $ 76,483 $ 41,339
========= =========
20
Total assets and liabilities of Penncorp Life (Canada), which are located
entirely in Canada, are as follows:
MARCH 31, DECEMBER 31,
2004 2003
---------- -----------
(In thousands)
Assets $ 206,228 $ 236,185
========== ==========
Liabilities $ 167,552 $ 175,253
========== ==========
ITEM 2. - MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this report or incorporated by reference into this
report and oral statements made from time to time by our representatives
constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are
statements not based on historical information. They relate to future
operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. In particular,
statements using verbs such as "expect," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate,"
"plan," "intend" or similar words generally involve forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements include statements about development and distribution
of our products, investment spreads or yields, the impact of proposed or
completed acquisitions, the adequacy of reserves or the earnings or
profitability of our activities. Forward-looking statements are based upon
estimates and assumptions that are subject to significant business, economic and
competitive uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control and are subject
to change. These uncertainties can affect actual results and could cause actual
results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking
statements. Whether or not actual results differ materially from forward-looking
statements may depend on numerous foreseeable and unforeseeable risks and
uncertainties, some of which relate particularly to our business, such as our
ability to set adequate premium rates and maintain adequate reserves, our
ability to compete effectively and our ability to grow our business through
internal growth as well as through acquisitions. Other risks and uncertainties
may be related to the insurance industry generally or the overall economy, such
as regulatory developments, industry consolidation and general economic
conditions and interest rates. We disclaim any obligation to update
forward-looking statements.
INTRODUCTION
The following discussion and analysis presents a review of the Company as
of March 31, 2004 and its results of operations for the three months ended March
31, 2004. This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operation should be read in conjunction with the consolidated
financial statements as well as the Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operation included in the Company's 2003
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
OVERVIEW
Our principal business segments are: Career Agency, Senior Market
Brokerage and Administrative Services. We also report the activities of our
holding company in a separate segment. See Note 14 - - Business Segment
Information in our consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q
for a description of our segments.
21
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). The
preparation of our financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts of assets and liabilities
and disclosures of assets and liabilities reported by us at the date of the
financial statements and the revenues and expenses reported during the reporting
period. As additional information becomes available or actual amounts become
determinable, the recorded estimates may be revised and reflected in operating
results. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Accounts that, in our
judgment, are most critical to the preparation of our financial statements
include policy liabilities and accruals, deferred policy acquisition costs,
intangible assets, valuation of certain investments and deferred income taxes.
There have been no changes in our critical accounting policies during the
current quarter. Refer to "Critical Accounting Policies" in the Company's 2003
Annual Report on Form 10-K for information on accounting policies that the
Company considers critical in preparing its consolidated financial statements.
ACQUISITIONS AND FINANCING ACTIVITY
Acquisition of Guarantee Reserve Marketing Organization
Effective July 1, 2003, we entered into an agreement with Swiss Re and its
newly acquired subsidiary, Guarantee Reserve Life Insurance Company ("Guarantee
Reserve"), to acquire Guarantee Reserve's marketing organization including all
rights to do business with its field force. The primary product sold by this
marketing organization is low face amount whole life insurance.
Beginning July 1, 2003, the Guarantee Reserve field force continued to
write this business in Guarantee Reserve, with us administering all new business
and assuming 50% of the risk through a quota share reinsurance arrangement.
Beginning in the second quarter of 2004 as the products are approved for sale in
each state, new business will be written by our subsidiaries, with 50% of the
risk ceded to Swiss Re.
Recapture of Reinsurance Ceded
Effective April 1, 2003, our subsidiary, American Pioneer entered into
agreements to recapture approximately $48 million of Medicare Supplement
business that had previously been reinsured to Transamerica Occidental Life
Insurance Company, Reinsurance Division ("Transamerica") under two quota share
contracts. In 1996, American Pioneer entered into two reinsurance treaties with
Transamerica. Pursuant to the first of these contracts American Pioneer ceded to
Transamerica 90% of approximately $50 million of annualized premium that it had
acquired from First National Life Insurance Company in 1996. Under the second
contract, as subsequently amended, American Pioneer agreed to cede to
Transamerica 75% of certain new business from October 1996 through December 31,
1999. As of April 1, 2003, approximately $27 remained ceded under the First
National treaty and approximately $16 million remained ceded under the new
business treaty.
As part of an effort to exit certain non-core lines of business,
Transamerica approached the Company in 2002 to determine our interest in
recapturing the two treaties. Under the terms of the recapture agreements,
Transamerica transferred approximately $18 million in cash to American Pioneer
to cover the statutory reserves recaptured by American Pioneer. No ceding
allowance was paid by American Pioneer in the recapture and American Pioneer
currently retains 100% of the risks on the current in force amount remaining of
the block of $48 million of Medicare Supplement business. There was no gain or
loss reported on these recapture agreements.
22
Acquisition of Pyramid Life
On March 31, 2003, we acquired all of the outstanding common stock of
Pyramid Life. Pyramid Life specializes in selling health and life insurance
products to the senior market, including Medicare Supplement and Select, long
term care, life insurance, and fixed annuities. With this acquisition we
acquired a $120 million block of in-force business, as well as a career sales
force that is skilled in selling senior market insurance products. Pyramid Life
markets its products in 26 states through a career agency sales force operating
out of Senior Solutions Sales Centers. During the full year 2003, Pyramid Life
agents produced more than $27 million of annualized new sales. Following a
transition period that took approximately ten months, the Pyramid Life business
has been fully transitioned into our existing operations, where we will be able
to take advantage of increased scale and efficiencies. Operating results
generated by Pyramid Life prior to the date of acquisition are not included in
our consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 3 - - Business Combinations
in our consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q for
additional information on the acquisition.
2003 Refinancing of Debt
Prior to March 31, 2003, we had $38 million outstanding on our then
existing term loan credit facility. In connection with the acquisition of
Pyramid Life (see Note 3 - - Business Combinations in our consolidated financial
statements included in this Form 10-Q) on March 31, 2003, we entered into a new
$80 million credit facility consisting of a $65 million term loan and a $15
million revolving loan facility. We used the proceeds from the new term loan to
repay the balance outstanding on our then existing term loan and to fund the
purchase of Pyramid Life. The early extinguishment of the existing debt resulted
in the immediate amortization of the related capitalized loan origination fees,
resulting in a pre-tax expense of approximately $1.8 million. A portion of the
proceeds from Trust preferred issuances in May 2003 and October 2003 (see the
discussion below) were used to reduce the balance of the term loan by $21.0
million during 2003. None of the revolving loan facility was drawn as of March
31, 2004 (Refer to Note 10 - - Loan Payable in our consolidated financial
statements included in this Form 10-Q).
Trust Preferred Securities Issuances
During 2003, we issued $60.0 million of fixed and floating rate trust
preferred securities through subsidiary trusts, which including the $15.0
million issued in December 2002, results in a total of $75 million of such
securities outstanding. A portion of the proceeds was used to repay our existing
debt and the balance was retained at the parent company for general corporate
purposes (for more detailed information, see Note 11 - Other Long Term Debt in
our consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q).
PENDING TRANSACTION - ACQUISITION OF HERITAGE HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC.
In March 2004, we signed a definitive contract to acquire Heritage Health
Systems, Inc. ("Heritage"), a privately owned managed care company that operates
Medicare Advantage plans in Houston and Beaumont Texas, for approximately $98
million in cash. The closing of the acquisition is subject to regulatory
approvals and other customary conditions, and is expected to occur in the second
quarter of 2004. Founded in 1995, Heritage has approximately 15,700 Medicare
members and has annualized revenues of approximately $132 million. As of the
closing, Heritage is projected to have approximately $14 million of
stockholders' equity and no debt.
We intend to finance this acquisition using approximately $34 million of
cash on hand, with the balance coming from the proceeds of a senior credit
facility to be arranged by Banc of America Securities, LLC. In connection with
this financing, we will incur a non-cash, after-tax expense of approximately
$1.1 million relating to the unamortized fees on the current facility that will
be replaced.
23
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - - CONSOLIDATED OVERVIEW
The following table reflects each of our segments' operating income(1) and
contains a reconciliation to reported net income:
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
---------------------------- ---------- ----------
(in thousands)
Career Agency (1) $ 13,444 $ 9,470
Senior Market Brokerage (1) 3,481 3,056
Administrative Services (1) 3,154 2,564
Corporate & Eliminations (2,485) (3,549)
Realized gains (losses) 3,591 110
---------- ----------
Income before income taxes (1) 21,185 11,651
Income taxes, excluding capital gains (6,053) (4,684)
Income taxes on capital gains (1,256) (38)
Income taxes on early extinguishment of debt - 618
---------- ----------
Total income taxes (7,309) (4,104)
---------- ----------
Net income $ 13,876 $ 7,547
========== ==========
Per Share Data (Diluted):
Net income $ 0.25 $ 0.14
========== ==========
(1) We evaluate the results of operations of our segments based on income before
realized gains and income taxes. Management believes that realized gains and
losses are not indicative of overall operating trends. This differs from
generally accepted accounting principles, which includes the effect of
realized gains in the determination of net income. The schedule above
reconciles our operating income to net income in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles.
Three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003
Net income for the first quarter of 2004 increased 84% to $13.9 million,
or $0.25 per share, compared to $7.5 million, or $0.14 per share in 2003.
During the first quarter of 2004, we recognized realized gains, net of tax
of $2.3 million, or $0.04 per share, compared to realized gains, net of tax of
$0.1 million, or $0.00 per share in 2003. The realized gains in 2004 were
primarily generated at Penncorp Life (Canada) as a result of the sale of
investments to fund the dividend of approximately $19.6 million paid to the
parent company during the first quarter of 2004 and the tax payments made during
the first quarter of 2004 relating to 2003 taxable income. See "Liquidity and
Capital Resources - Obligations of the Parent Company to Affiliates" for
additional information regarding the dividend.
Our overall effective tax rate was 34.5% for the first quarter of 2004 as
compared to 35.2% for the first quarter of 2003. The reduction in our effective
rate was due to an increase in the tax benefit from the exercise of
non-qualified stock options by our agents and employees.
Our Career Agency segment results improved by $4.0 million, or 42%, to
$13.4 million in the first quarter of 2004 compared to the first quarter of
2003, primarily as a result of the acquisition of Pyramid Life, as well as the
strengthening of the Canadian dollar.
Senior Market Brokerage segment first quarter 2004 results increased $0.4
million, or 14%, to $3.5 million compared to 2003.
Administrative Services segment income improved by $0.6 million, or 23%,
compared to the first quarter of 2003. This improvement is primarily a result of
the growth in premiums managed.
24
The loss from the Corporate segment decreased by $1.1 million, or 30%,
compared to the first quarter of 2003, due primarily to the charge relating to
the early extinguishment of debt that was incurred during the first quarter of
2003, that did not recur in 2004.
SEGMENT RESULTS - CAREER AGENCY
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
---------------------------- ---------- ----------
(In thousands)
Net premiums and policyholder fees:
Life and annuity $ 5,892 $ 3,869
Accident & health 60,758 28,829
---------- ----------
Net premiums 66,650 32,698
Net investment income 9,724 8,527
Other income 109 114
---------- ----------
Total revenue 76,483 41,339
---------- ----------
Policyholder benefits 42,380 19,510
Interest credited to policyholders 1,859 1,063
Change in deferred acquisition costs (7,905) (4,620)
Amortization of present value of future profits 744 -
Commissions and general expenses, net of allowances 25,961 15,916
---------- ----------
Total benefits, claims and other deductions 63,039 31,869
---------- ----------
Segment income $ 13,444 $ 9,470
========== ==========
Three Months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003
Our Career Agency segment results improved by $4.0 million, or 42%, to
$13.4 million in the first quarter of 2004 compared to the first quarter of
2003, primarily as a result of the acquisition of Pyramid Life, as well as the
strengthening of the Canadian dollar.
The operations of Penncorp Life (Canada), which are included in the Career
Agency segment results, are transacted using the Canadian dollar as the
functional currency. The Canadian dollar has strengthened relative to the U.S.
dollar. The average conversion rate increased 15%, to C$0.7583 per US$1.00 for
the three months ended March 31, 2004, from C$0.6619 per US$1.00 for the same
period of 2003. This strengthening added approximately $0.3 million to the
Career Agency segment results for 2004, compared to 2003. See discussion below
under the heading "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk"
for additional information.
REVENUES. Net premiums during the three months ended March 31, 2004 for
the Career Agency segment increased by approximately $34.0 million, or 104%,
compared to 2003, primarily as a result of the $32.0 million in premiums from
the Pyramid Life business. Canadian premiums accounted for approximately 22% of
the net premiums of this segment in 2004 and 40% of the net premiums in 2003.
Net Canadian premiums increased approximately $1.7 million, however, the
percentage of Canadian premiums dropped as a result of the increase in U.S.
premiums from the addition of the Pyramid Life business.
Our Career agents also sold $18.8 million of fixed annuities during the
three months ended March 31, 2004, compared to $16.6 million in 2003. Annuity
deposits are not considered premiums for reporting in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles.
Net investment income increased by approximately $1.2 million, or 14%,
compared to the first quarter of 2003. The increase is due to an increase in the
segment's invested assets from the acquisition of Pyramid Life (net of the
assets used to fund a portion of the acquisition) and the sale of annuities,
offset by a decrease in overall investment yields.
25
BENEFITS, CLAIMS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS. Policyholder benefits, including
the change in reserves, increased by $22.9 million, or 117%, during the first
three months of 2004 compared to 2003, primarily as a result of the increase in
business in force. Approximately $23.6 million of the increase relates to the
Pyramid Life business added in 2003. Overall loss ratios for the segment
increased to 64% in 2004 from 60% in 2002, primarily due to the increase in
Medicare Supplement business from the Pyramid Life acquisition, which has higher
loss ratios than the existing Career Agency Segment business. Interest credited
increased by $0.8 million, due to the increase in annuity balances as a result
of the continued strong sales and the Pyramid business added in 2003.
The increase in deferred acquisition costs was approximately $3.3 million
more in the first quarter of 2004, compared to the increase in the first quarter
of 2003. This is directly related to the increase in the new business added by
Pyramid Life, as well as continued strong sales of annuities generated by the
segment.
The amortization of the present value of future profits relates to the
intangibles acquired with Pyramid Life.
Commissions and general expenses increased by approximately $10.0 million,
or 63%, in the first quarter of 2004 compared to 2003. Approximately $8.6
million of the increase relates to the Pyramid Life business, with the balance
relating primarily to the increase in the segment's new business.
SEGMENT RESULTS - SENIOR MARKET BROKERAGE
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
---------------------------- ---------- ----------
(In thousands)
Net premiums and policyholder fees:
Life and annuity $ 6,247 $ 4,245
Accident & health 63,194 42,243
---------- ----------
Net premiums 69,441 46,488
Net investment income 6,317 5,907
Other income (235) 69
---------- ----------
Total revenue 75,523 52,464
---------- ----------
Policyholder benefits 52,130 36,296
Interest credited to policyholders 2,361 2,069
Change in deferred acquisition costs (8,416) (3,631)
Amortization of present value of future profits 75 33
Commissions and general expenses, net of allowances 25,892 14,641
---------- ----------
Total benefits, claims and other deductions 72,041 49,408
---------- ----------
Segment income $ 3,481 $ 3,056
========== ==========
The table below details the gross premiums and policyholder fees collected
for the major product lines in the Senior Market brokerage segment and the
corresponding average amount of net premium retained after reinsurance. We
reinsure a substantial portion of our Senior Market Brokerage products to
unaffiliated third party reinsurers under various quota share coinsurance
agreements. Medicare Supplement/Select written premium is reinsured under quota
share coinsurance agreements ranging between 50% and 75% based upon the
geographic distribution of the underlying policies. We have also acquired
various blocks of Medicare Supplement premium, which are 100% reinsured under
quota share coinsurance agreements. Under our reinsurance agreements, we
reinsure the claims incurred and commissions on a pro rata basis and receive
additional expense allowances for policy issue, administration and premium
taxes. In 2002 and 2003, we increased our retention on new Medicare
Supplement/Select business, causing the percentage of net retained premium to
increase as seen below. Additionally, the recapture of the Transamerica
treaties, effective April 1, 2003, and the new life business for Guarantee
Reserve, effective July, 1, 2003, increased the net retained premium. Beginning
in 2004, all new Medicare Supplement/Select business is 100% retained.
26
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
- ---------------------------- ---------------------- ----------------------
GROSS NET GROSS NET
PREMIUMS RETAINED PREMIUMS RETAINED
---------- -------- -------- --------
(In thousands)
Medicare supplement/select $ 115,724 50% $ 110,802 34%
Other senior supplemental health 6,339 64% 6,494 60%
Other health 2,551 37% 3,508 35%
Senior life insurance 5,049 72% 2,592 59%
Other life 3,343 79% 3,501 78%
---------- ----------
Total gross premiums $ 133,006 52% $ 126,897 37%
========== ==========
Three Months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003
Senior Market Brokerage segment first quarter 2004 results increased $0.4
million, or 14%, to $3.5 million compared to 2003.
REVENUES. Gross direct and assumed premium written increased $6.1 million,
or 4.8%, over the first quarter of 2003. Medicare supplement/select premiums
increased $4.9 million, or 4.4 %, as a result of continued new sales, rate
increases and better than assumed persistency. Senior life insurance premium
increased by $2.5 million, or 95%, due to organic growth, as well as the
addition of the premium written by the recently acquired Guarantee Reserve
marketing organization. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of
$1.0 million, or 27.2%, in other health, primarily as a result of the normal
lapsation of the run-off block of major medical business.
Net premiums for the first quarter of 2004 increased by $22.9 million, or
49%, compared to the same period of 2003. Net premiums grew faster than gross
premiums primarily as a result of the recapture of the Transamerica treaties and
our decision to reinsure less premium and retain more risk on our new business.
This is reflected in the increase in the percentage of the net amount of premium
retained to 52% in 2004 from 37% in 2003.
Approximately $7.8 million in annuity deposits were received during the
three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $10.3 million during 2003. Annuity
deposits are not considered premiums for reporting in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles.
Net investment income increased by $0.4 million compared to the first
quarter of 2003, due to an increase in the segment's invested assets of
approximately $83 million, partially offset by an overall decline in
reinvestment yields.
BENEFITS, CLAIMS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS. Policyholder benefits, including
the change in reserves, increased by approximately $15.8 million, or 44%,
compared to the first quarter of 2003. The increase is due primarily to the
increase in our net retained business as a result of the recapture of the
Transamerica treaties and the increase in our net retained new business premium.
However, the overall loss ratios for the segment improved to 75% for the first
quarter of 2004 from 78% for the first quarter of 2003. The loss ratios for our
Medicare Supplement/Select business improved to 70.2% for the first quarter of
2004 from 73.2% in 2003.
Interest credited to policyholders increased by $0.3 million, or 14%,
compared to the three months ended March 31, 2003 due to the increase in annuity
balances as a result of strong sales of annuities.
27
The increase in deferred acquisition costs in the first quarter of 2004
was approximately $4.8 million more than in the first quarter of 2003. The
increase was driven by the increase in new life and annuity business written, as
well as our higher retention on new business. Acquisition costs for life
business are incurred on annualized premium written, including the $7.4 million
of annualized premium written by the Guarantee Reserve marketing organization.
Acquisition costs for annuities are based on the amount deposited, which is not
considered premiums for reporting in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles.
Commissions and other operating expenses increased by $11.2 million, or
77%, in the first quarter of 2004 compared to 2003. The following table details
the components of commission and other operating expenses:
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
---------------------------- -------- --------
(In thousands)
Commissions $ 18,836 $ 20,905
Other operating costs 17,476 15,474
Reinsurance allowances (10,420) (21,738)
-------- --------
Commissions and general expenses, net of allowances $ 25,892 $ 14,641
======== ========
The ratio of commissions to gross premiums decreased to 14.1% during the
first quarter of 2004, from 16.5% in 2003, as a result of the growth of the in
force renewal premium from better persistency and rate increases. Other
operating costs as a percentage of gross premiums increased to 13.1% during the
first quarter of 2004 compared to 12.2% in 2003, primarily as a result of the
Guarantee Reserve business which generally has higher costs of acquisition
compared to the segment's other lines of business. Commission and expense
allowances received from reinsurers as a percentage of the premiums ceded
decreased to 16.3% during the first quarter of 2004 compared to 27.0% in 2003,
primarily due to the reduction in new business ceded, the recapture of the
Transamerica treaties, and the affects of normal lower commission allowances on
a growing base of renewal ceded business.
28
SEGMENT RESULTS - ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31 2004 2003
--------------------------- -------- --------
(in thousands)
Affiliated Fee Revenue:
Medicare Supplement $ 7,203 $ 5,854
Long term care 693 672
Life Insurance 1,054 187
Other 591 451
-------- --------
Total Affiliated Revenue 9,541 7,164
-------- --------
Unaffiliated Fee Revenue:
Medicare Supplement 2,342 2,245
Long term care 1,403 2,740
Non-insurance products 399 385
Other 284 271
-------- --------
Total Unaffiliated Revenue 4,428 5,641
-------- --------
Service fee and other income 13,969 12,805
Net investment income 3 3
-------- --------
Total revenue 13,972 12,808
-------- --------
Amortization of present value of future profits 104 88
General expenses 10,714 10,156
-------- --------
Total expenses 10,818 10,244
-------- --------
Segment income 3,154 2,564
Depreciation, amortization and interest 535 461
-------- --------
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and
amortization<1> $ 3,689 $ 3,025
======== ========
<1> In addition to segment income, we also evaluate the results of our
Administrative Services segment based on earnings before interest, taxes,
depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"). EBITDA is a common alternative measure
of performance used by investors, financial analysts and rating agencies. It is
also a measure that is included in the fixed charge ratio required by the
covenants for our outstanding bank debt. Accordingly, these groups use EBITDA,
along with other measures, to estimate the value of a company and evaluate the
Company's ability to meet its debt service requirements. While we consider
EBITDA to be an important measure of comparative operating performance, it
should not be construed as an alternative to segment income or cash flows from
operating activities (as determined in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles).
Included in unaffiliated revenue are fees received to administer certain
business of our insurance subsidiaries that is 100% reinsured to an unaffiliated
reinsurer, which amounted to $1.5 million in the three months ended March 31,
2004 and $1.7 million in for the same period of 2003. These fees, together with
the affiliated revenue, were eliminated in consolidation.
Three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003
Administrative Services segment income improved by $0.6 million, or 23%,
compared to the first quarter of 2003. This improvement is primarily a result of
the growth in premiums managed. Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation
and amortization ("EBITDA") for this segment increased $0.7 million, or 22%,
compared to the first quarter of 2003.
29
Administrative Services fee revenue increased by $1.2 million, or 9%, as
compared to the first quarter of 2003. Affiliated service fee revenue increased
by $2.4 million compared to the first quarter of 2003 as a result of the
increase in Medicare Supplement/Select business in force at our insurance
subsidiaries, as well as the fees from the administration of the life insurance
products sold by the recently acquired Guarantee Reserve marketing organization.
Unaffiliated service fee revenue decreased by approximately $1.2 million
primarily due to the reduction in the fees from the underwriting work we
performed for the consortium that is offering long term care to employees of the
federal government and their families. The initial enrollment period for this
program, for which we performed underwriting, began in the third quarter of 2002
and ended during the first quarter of 2003. General expenses for the segment
increased by $0.6 million, or 6%, due primarily to the increase in business.
SEGMENT RESULTS - CORPORATE
The following table presents the primary components comprising the segment's
operating loss:
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2004 2003
---------------------------- ------- -------
(In thousands)
Interest cost of acquisition financing $ 1,523 $ 816
Early extinguishment of debt - 1,766
Amortization of capitalized loan origination fees 123 129
Stock-based compensation expense 23 91
Other parent company expenses, net 816 747
------- -------
Segment loss $ 2,485 $ 3,549
======= =======
Three Months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003
The loss from the Corporate segment decreased by $1.1 million, or 30%,
compared to the first quarter of 2003, due primarily to the charge relating to
the early extinguishment of debt that was incurred during the first quarter of
2003, that did not recur in 2004. In connection with the acquisition of Pyramid
Life, we refinanced our debt. The early extinguishment of the existing debt
resulted in the immediate amortization of the related capitalized loan
origination fees, resulting in a pre-tax expense of approximately $1.8 million.
The increase in the interest cost of acquisition financing was due to an
increase in the amount of the debt outstanding during the quarter, offset in
part, by a reduction in the weighted average interest rates, as compared to the
same period of 2003. Our combined outstanding debt was $111.4 million at March
31, 2004 compared to $90.0 million at March 31, 2003. The weighted average
interest rate on our loan payable decreased to 4.21% in 2004 from 5.06% in 2003.
The weighted average interest rate on our other long term debt was 5.98% for the
three months ended March 31, 2004 and 5.34% for the same period of 2003. See
"Liquidity and Capital Resources" for additional information regarding our loan
payable and other long term debt. Other parent company expenses increased as
a result of additional expenses from an increase in acquisition related
activities.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our capital is used primarily to support the retained risks and growth of
our insurance company subsidiaries and to support our parent company as an
insurance holding company. In addition, we use capital to fund our growth
through acquisitions of other companies, blocks of insurance or administrative
service business.
We require cash at our parent company to meet our obligations under our
credit facility and our outstanding debentures held by our subsidiary,
Pennsylvania Life. In January 2002, our parent company issued a debenture to
Pennsylvania Life in conjunction with the transfer of the business of
Pennsylvania Life's Canadian Branch to Penncorp Life (Canada). We anticipate
funding the repayment of the debenture from dividends of Penncorp Life (Canada).
We also require cash to pay the operating expenses necessary to function as a
holding company (applicable insurance department regulations require us to bear
our own expenses), and to meet the costs of being a public company.
30
We believe that our current cash position, the availability of the new
$15.0 million revolving credit facility, the expected cash flows of our
administrative service company and the surplus note interest payments from
American Exchange (as explained below) can support our parent company
obligations for the foreseeable future. However, there can be no assurance as to
our actual future cash flows or to the continued availability of dividends from
our insurance company subsidiaries.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS
2003 Refinancing of Debt
As of January 1, 2003, the outstanding balance of the Company's existing
loan was $50.8 million. In January 2003, the Company made a scheduled principal
payment of $2.8 million, and in March, 2003 made a principal payment of $5.0
million from a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of Trust Preferred
securities (see Note 11 - Other Long Term Debt). These payments reduced the
outstanding balance to $42.9 million, which was repaid on March 31, 2003 from
the proceeds of the Credit Agreement (as defined below) obtained in connection
with the acquisition of Pyramid Life. The early extinguishment of the then
existing debt resulted in the immediate amortization of the related capitalized
loan origination fees, resulting in a pre-tax expense of approximately $1.8
million.
Current Credit Facility
In connection with the acquisition of Pyramid Life (see Note 3 - Business
Combinations), the Company obtained a new $80 million credit facility (the
"Credit Agreement") on March 31, 2003 to repay the then existing loan and
provide funds for the acquisition of Pyramid Life. The Credit Agreement
consists of a $65 million term loan which was drawn to fund the acquisition and
a $15 million revolving loan facility, none of which has been drawn as of
March 31, 2004. The Credit Agreement initially called for interest at the
London Interbank Offering Rate ("LIBOR") for one, two or three months, at the
option of the Company, plus 300 basis points. Effective March 31, 2004, the
spread over LIBOR will be reduced to 275 basis points in accordance with the
terms of the Credit Agreement. Due to the variable interest rate for this
Credit Agreement, the Company would be subject to higher interest costs if
short-term interest rates rise. Principal repayments are scheduled over a five-
year period with a final maturity date of March 31, 2008. The Company incurred
loan origination fees of approximately $2.1 million, which were capitalized and
are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the Credit
Agreement. The Company pays an annual commitment fee of 50 basis points on the
unutilized revolving loan facility. The obligations of the Company under the
new Credit Agreement are secured by 100% of the common stock of the Company's
U.S. insurance subsidiaries and 65% of the Company's Canadian subsidiary. In
addition, the obligations are guaranteed by CHCS and other direct and indirect
subsidiaries of the Company (collectively the "Guarantors") and secured by all
of the assets of each of the Guarantors.
In accordance with the Credit Agreement, 50% of the net proceeds from the
$30 million Trust Preferred securities issued in May 2003 (see Note 11 - Other
Long Term Debt) were used to pay down the new term loan. In October 2003, $6.0
million of the proceeds from an additional $20 million Trust Preferred offering
was used to further reduce the outstanding balance of the new term loan. A
waiver was requested and received to limit the required repayment from the
proceeds of the Trust Preferred Securities offering to $6.0 million. Future
scheduled principal payments were reduced as a result of these repayments,
primarily in 2006 and 2007. The Company made regularly scheduled principal
payments of $1.8 million and paid $0.4 million in interest and fees in
connection with the new credit facility during the three months ended March 31,
2004. The Company made regularly scheduled principal payments of $2.8 million
and paid $1.1 million in interest and fees in connection with the prior credit
facility.
The following table shows the schedule of principal payments (in
thousands) remaining on the Company's new term loan, as of March 31, 2004, with
the final payment in March 2008:
2004 (Remainder of year) $ 5,722
2005 8,623
2006 8,922
2007 9,607
2008 3,532
--------
$ 36,406
========
31
In connection with the pending acquisition of Heritage (see Note 3 -
Business Combinations), the Company intends to amend the Credit Agreement. It
is anticipated that the amended Credit Agreement will be increased to a total
of $120 million, consisting of a $105 million 5 year term loan and a $15
million revolving credit facility. The Company expects that the interest terms
will be consistent with the current facility and expects that the loan will be
scheduled to amortize 5% per year during each of the first four years with the
remainder amortizing in the final year.
Other Long Term Debt
The Company has formed statutory business trusts, which exist for the
exclusive purpose of issuing trust preferred securities representing undivided
beneficial interests in the assets of the trust, investing the gross proceeds of
the trust preferred securities in junior subordinated deferrable interest
debentures of the Company (the "Junior Subordinated Debt") and engaging in only
those activities necessary or incidental thereto. In accordance with the
adoption of FIN 46R, the Company has deconsolidated the trusts. For further
discussion of the adoption of FIN 46R, see Note 2 - Recent and Pending
Accounting Prononcements.
Separate subsidiary trusts of the Company (the "Trusts") have issued a
combined $75.0 million in thirty year trust preferred securities (the "Capital
Securities") as of March 31, 2004, as detailed in the following table:
Maturity Amount Spread Rate as of
Date Issued Term Over LIBOR March 31, 2004
- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- --------------
(In thousands) (Basis points)
December 2032 $ 15,000 Fixed/Floating (1) 6.7%
March 2033 10,000 Floating 400 5.1%
May 2033 15,000 Floating 420 5.3%
May 2033 15,000 Fixed/Floating (2) 7.4%
October 2033 20,000 Fixed/Floating 395(3) 5.1%
--------
$ 75,000
========
(1) Effective September, 2003, the Company entered into a swap agreement
whereby we will pay a fixed rate of 6.7% in exchange for a floating rate
of LIBOR plus 400 basis points. The swap contract expires in December
2007.
(2) The rate on this issue is fixed at 7.4% for the first five years, after
which it is converted to a floating rate equal to LIBOR plus 410 basis
points.
(3) The Company entered into a swap agreement whereby it will pay a fixed rate
of 6.98% in exchange for a floating rate of LIBOR plus 395 basis points,
effective on April 29, 2004, the next interest rate reset date. The swap
contract expires in October 2008.
The Trusts have the right to call the Capital Securities at par after five
years from the date of issuance. The proceeds from the sale of the Capital
Securities, together with proceeds from the sale by the Trusts of their common
securities to the Company, were invested in thirty-year floating rate Junior
Subordinated Debt of the Company. From the proceeds of the trust preferred
securities, $26.0 million was used to pay down debt with the balance to be held
for general corporate purposes.
32
The Capital Securities represent an undivided beneficial interest in the
Trusts' assets, which consist solely of the Junior Subordinated Debt. Holders of
the Capital Securities have no voting rights. The Company owns all of the common
securities of the Trusts. Holders of both the Capital Securities and the Junior
Subordinated Debt are entitled to receive cumulative cash distributions accruing
from the date of issuance, and payable quarterly in arrears at a floating rate
equal to the three-month LIBOR plus a spread. The floating rate resets quarterly
and is limited to a maximum of 12.5% during the first sixty months. Due to the
variable interest rate for these securities, the Company would be subject to
higher interest costs if short-term interest rates rise. The Capital Securities
are subject to mandatory redemption upon repayment of the Junior Subordinated
Debt at maturity or upon earlier redemption. The Junior Subordinated Debt is
unsecured and ranks junior and subordinate in right of payment to all present
and future senior debt of the Company and is effectively subordinated to all
existing and future obligations of the Company's subsidiaries. The Company has
the right to redeem the Junior Subordinated Debt after five years from the date
of issuance.
The Company has the right at any time, and from time to time, to defer
payments of interest on the Junior Subordinated Debt for a period not exceeding
20 consecutive quarters up to each debenture's maturity date. During any such
period, interest will continue to accrue and the Company may not declare or pay
any cash dividends or distributions on, or purchase, the Company's common stock
nor make any principal, interest or premium payments on or repurchase any debt
securities that rank equally with or junior to the Junior Subordinated Debt. The
Company has the right at any time to dissolve the Trusts and cause the Junior
Subordinated Debt to be distributed to the holders of the Capital Securities.
The Company has guaranteed, on a subordinated basis, all of the Trusts'
obligations under the Capital Securities including payment of the redemption
price and any accumulated and unpaid distributions to the extent of available
funds and upon dissolution, winding up or liquidation but only to the extent the
Trusts have funds available to make such payments. The Capital Securities have
not been and will not be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the "Securities Act"), and will only be offered and sold under an applicable
exemption from registration requirements under the Securities Act.
The Company paid $1.1 million in interest in connection with the Junior
Subordinated Debt during the three months ended March 31, 2004.
Lease Obligations
We are obligated under certain lease arrangements for our executive and
administrative offices in New York, Florida, Texas, and Ontario, Canada. Annual
minimum rental commitments, subject to escalation, under non-cancelable
operating leases (in thousands) are as follows:
2004 (Remainder of year) $ 1,791
2005 2,426
2006 2,275
2007 2,293
2008 2,196
Thereafter 7,337
--------
Totals $ 18,318
========
In addition to the above, Pennsylvania Life and Penncorp Life (Canada) are
the named lessee on approximately 57 properties occupied by our career agents
for use as field offices. Our career agents reimburse Pennsylvania Life and
Penncorp Life (Canada) the actual rent for these field offices. The total annual
rent obligation for these field offices is approximately $905,000.
33
Obligations of the Parent Company to Affiliates
In January 2002, our parent company issued an $18.5 million 8.5% debenture
to Pennsylvania Life in connection with the transfer of the business of
Pennsylvania Life's Canadian Branch to Penncorp Life (Canada). The debenture is
scheduled to be repaid in full by the second quarter of 2005. Our parent company
repaid principal of $11.6 million through December 31, 2003, reducing the
outstanding balance to $6.9 million. No principal payments were made during the
three months ended March 31, 2004. Our parent holding company paid $0.1 million
in interest on these debentures during the three months ended March 31, 2004 and
$0.3 million in the same period of 2003. The interest on these debentures is
eliminated in consolidation. Dividends from Penncorp Life (Canada) funded the
interest and principal paid on the debenture to date and it is anticipated that
they will fund all future payments made on this debenture.
Penncorp Life (Canada) is a Canadian insurance company. Canadian law
provides that a life insurer may pay a dividend after such dividend declaration
has been approved by its board of directors and upon at least 10 days prior
notification to the Superintendent of Financial Institutions. Such a dividend is
limited to retained net income (based on Canadian GAAP) for the preceding two
years, plus net income earned for the current year. In considering approval of a
dividend, the board of directors must consider whether the payment of such
dividend would be in contravention of the Insurance Companies Act of Canada.
During the first quarter of 2004, Penncorp Life (Canada) paid dividends of
C$26.7 million (approximately US$20.0 million) to Universal American in 2004,
relating to 2003 net income. The amount of the dividend was larger than normal
due to a benefit received by Penncorp Life (Canada) from an actuarial
experience study that allowed Penncorp Life (Canada) to reduce its policy
reserves at December 31, 2003 on a Canadian GAAP basis. The actuarial
experience study did not have an impact on Penncorp Life (Canada)'s policy
reserves on a U.S. GAAP basis. It is anticipated that this dividend will be
used primarily to fund a portion of the cost of the acquisition of Heritage.
We anticipate that Penncorp Life (Canada) will be able to pay dividends equal
to its net income earned during 2004.
Administrative Service Company
Liquidity for our administrative service company is measured by its
ability to pay operating expenses. The primary source of liquidity is fees
collected from clients. We believe that the sources of cash for our
administrative service company exceed scheduled uses of cash and results in
amounts available to dividend to our parent holding company. We measure the
ability of the administrative service company to pay dividends based on its
earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA").
EBITDA for our administrative services segment was $3.7 million for the three
months ended March 31, 2004.
Insurance Subsidiary - Surplus Note
Cash generated by our insurance company subsidiaries will be made
available to our holding company, principally through periodic payments of
principal and interest on the surplus note owed to our holding company by our
subsidiary, American Exchange Life. As of March 31, 2004, the principal amount
of the surplus note was $59.4 million. The note bears interest to our parent
holding company at LIBOR plus 325 basis points. We anticipate that the surplus
notes will be primarily serviced by dividends from Pennsylvania Life, a wholly
owned subsidiary of American Exchange, and by tax-sharing payments among the
insurance companies that are wholly owned by American Exchange and file a
consolidated Federal income tax return. American Exchange made a principal
payment of $1.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004. No
principal payments were made during the same period of 2003. American Exchange
paid $0.7 million in interest on the surplus notes to our holding company during
the three months ended March 31, 2004 and, $0.8 million for the same period of
2003. The interest on these debentures is eliminated in consolidation.
During the three months ended March 31, 2004, Pennsylvania Life declared
and paid a dividend in the amount of $10.6 million to American Exchange.
American Exchange made capital contributions of $4.0 million to American
Progressive and $5.0 million to Union Bankers during the three months ended
March 31, 2004.
34
During the three months ended March 31, 2003, no dividends were declared
or paid by the U.S. insurance company subsidiaries to American Exchange. On
March 31, 2003, American Exchange received a capital contribution from its
parent in the amount of $26.0 million. American Exchange, in turn, made capital
a contribution of $26.0 million to Pennsylvania Life, primarily relating to the
acquisition of Pyramid Life.
Dividend payments by our U.S insurance companies to our holding company or
to intermediate subsidiaries are limited by, or subject to the approval of the
insurance regulatory authorities of each insurance company's state of domicile.
Such dividend requirements and approval processes vary significantly from state
to state. Pennsylvania Life was able to and did pay ordinary dividends of $10.6
million to American Exchange during the three months ended March 31, 2004.
Pyramid Life is able to pay ordinary dividends of up to $2.2 million to
Pennsylvania Life (its direct parent) without the prior approval from the Kansas
Insurance Department and Marquette would be able to pay ordinary dividends of up
to $0.2 million to Constitution (its direct parent) without the prior approval
from the Texas Insurance Department in 2004. American Exchange, American
Pioneer, American Progressive and Union Bankers had negative earned surplus at
March 31, 2004 and are not be able to pay dividends in 2004 without special
approval. We do not expect that our other insurance subsidiaries will be able to
pay ordinary dividends in 2004.
Insurance Subsidiaries
Liquidity for our insurance company subsidiaries is measured by their
ability to pay scheduled contractual benefits, pay operating expenses, and fund
investment commitments. Sources of liquidity include scheduled and unscheduled
principal and interest payments on investments, premium payments and deposits
and the sale of liquid investments. We believe that these sources of cash for
our insurance company subsidiaries exceed scheduled uses of cash.
Liquidity is also affected by unscheduled benefit payments including death
benefits, benefits under accident and health insurance policies and
interest-sensitive policy surrenders and withdrawals. The amount of surrenders
and withdrawals is affected by a variety of factors such as credited interest
rates for similar products, general economic conditions and events in the
industry that affect policyholders' confidence. Although the contractual terms
of substantially all of our in force life insurance policies and annuities give
the holders the right to surrender the policies and annuities, we impose
penalties for early surrenders. As of March 31, 2004 we held reserves that
exceeded the underlying cash surrender values of our net retained in force life
insurance and annuities by $30.6 million. Our insurance subsidiaries, in our
view, have not experienced any material changes in surrender and withdrawal
activity in recent years.
Changes in interest rates may affect the incidence of policy surrenders
and withdrawals. In addition to the potential impact on liquidity, unanticipated
surrenders and withdrawals in a changed interest rate environment could
adversely affect earnings if we were required to sell investments at reduced
values in order to meet liquidity demands. We manage our asset and liability
portfolios in order to minimize the adverse earnings impact of changing market
rates. We seek to invest in assets that have duration and interest rate
characteristics similar to the liabilities that they support.
The net yields on our cash and invested assets decreased to 4.9% in 2004
from 5.8% in 2003. A portion of these securities are held to support the
liabilities for policyholder account balances, which liabilities are subject to
periodic adjustments to their credited interest rates. The credited interest
rates of the interest-sensitive policyholder account balances are determined by
us based upon factors such as portfolio rates of return and prevailing market
rates and typically follow the pattern of yields on the assets supporting these
liabilities.
35
The insurance subsidiaries are required to maintain minimum amounts of
capital and surplus as required by regulatory authorities. Each of the insurance
subsidiaries' statutory capital and surplus exceeds its respective minimum
requirement. However, substantially more than such minimum amounts are needed to
meet statutory and administrative requirements of adequate capital and surplus
to support the current level of the Insurance Subsidiaries' operations.
Additionally, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC")
imposes regulatory risk-based capital ("RBC") requirements on life insurance
enterprises. At March 31, 2004, all of the Insurance Subsidiaries maintained
ratios of total adjusted capital to RBC in excess of the "authorized control
level". The Combined statutory capital and surplus, including asset valuation
reserve, of the U.S. insurance subsidiaries totaled $124.0 million at March 31,
2004 and $105.2 million at March 31, 2003. Statutory net income for the three
months ended March 31, 2004 was $2.8 million, which included net realized gains
of $0.1 million and for the three months ended March 31, 2003 was $2.3 million,
which included net realized losses of $0.1 million.
Penncorp Life (Canada) reports to Canadian regulatory authorities based
upon Canadian statutory accounting principles that vary in some respects from
U.S. statutory accounting principles. Penncorp Life (Canada)'s net assets based
upon Canadian statutory accounting principles were C$58.2 million (US$44.5
million) as of March 31, 2004 and were C$57.4 million (US$39.0 million) as of
March 31, 2003. Net income based on Canadian generally accepted accounting
principles was C$2.0 million (US$1.5 million) for the three months ended March
31, 2004 and was C$1.2 million (US$0.8 million) for the three months ended March
31, 2003. Penncorp Life (Canada) maintained a Minimum Continuing Capital and
Surplus Requirement Ratio ("MCCSR") in excess of the minimum requirement at
March 31, 2004.
Investments
Our investment policy is to balance the portfolio duration to achieve
investment returns consistent with the preservation of capital and maintenance
of liquidity adequate to meet payment of policy benefits and claims. We invest
in assets permitted under the insurance laws of the various states in which we
operate. Such laws generally prescribe the nature, quality of and limitations on
various types of investments that may be made. We do not currently have
investments in partnerships, special purpose entities, real estate, commodity
contracts, or other derivative securities. We currently engage the services of
three investment advisors under the direction of the management of our insurance
company subsidiaries and in accordance with guidelines adopted by the Investment
Committees of their respective boards of directors. Conning Asset Management
Company manages the portfolio of all of our United States subsidiaries, except
for the portfolio of Pyramid Life, which is managed by Hyperion Capital. MFC
Global Investment Management manages our Canadian portfolio. We invest primarily
in fixed maturity securities of the U.S. Government and its agencies and in
corporate fixed maturity securities with investment grade ratings of "BBB-"
(Standard & Poor's Corporation), "Baa3" (Moody's Investor Service) or higher.
Our current policy is not to invest in derivative programs or other hybrid
securities, except for GNMA's, FNMA's and investment grade corporate
collateralized mortgage obligations.
As of March 31, 2004, 99.4% of our fixed maturity investments had
investment grade ratings from Standard & Poor's Corporation or Moody's Investor
Service. There were no non-income producing fixed maturities as of March 31,
2004. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, we did not write down the
value of any fixed maturity securities. During the three months ended March 31,
2003, we wrote down the value of certain fixed maturity securities by $0.2
million. In each case, these write-downs represent our estimate of other than
temporary declines in value and were included in net realized gains (losses) on
investments in our consolidated statements of operations.
As of March 31, 2004, our insurance company subsidiaries held cash and
cash equivalents totaling $62.7 million, as well as fixed maturity securities
that could readily be converted to cash with carrying values (and fair values)
of $1,194.1 million. The fair values of these holdings totaled more than
$1,256.8 million as of March 31, 2004.
RECENT AND PENDING ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Refer to Consolidated Financial Statements Note 2 - Recent and Pending
Accounting Pronouncements.
36
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
In general, market risk relates to changes in the value of financial
instruments that arise from adverse movements in interest rates, equity prices
and foreign exchange rates. We are exposed principally to changes in interest
rates that affect the market prices of our fixed income securities as well as
the cost of our variable rate debt. Additionally, we are exposed to changes in
the Canadian dollar that affects the translation of the financial position and
the results of operations of our Canadian subsidiary from Canadian dollars to
U.S. dollars.
Investment Interest Rate Sensitivity
Our profitability could be affected if we were required to liquidate fixed
income securities during periods of rising and/or volatile interest rates.
However, we attempt to mitigate our exposure to adverse interest rate movements
through a combination of active portfolio management and by staggering the
maturities of our fixed income investments to assure sufficient liquidity to
meet our obligations and to address reinvestment risk considerations. Our
insurance liabilities generally arise over relatively long periods of time,
which typically permits ample time to prepare for their settlement. To date, we
have not used various financial risk management tools on our investment
securities, such as interest rate swaps, forwards, futures and options to modify
our exposure to changes in interest rates. However, we may consider using risk
management tools in the future.
Certain classes of mortgage-backed securities are subject to significant
prepayment risk due to the fact that in periods of declining interest rates,
individuals may refinance higher rate mortgages to take advantage of the lower
rates then available. We monitor and adjust our investment portfolio mix to
mitigate this risk.
We regularly conduct various analyses to gauge the financial impact of
changes in interest rate on our financial condition. The ranges selected in
these analyses reflect our assessment as being reasonably possible over the
succeeding twelve-month period. The magnitude of changes modeled in the
accompanying analyses should not be construed as a prediction of future economic
events, but rather, be treated as a simple illustration of the potential impact
of such events on our financial results.
The sensitivity analysis of interest rate risk assumes an instantaneous
shift in a parallel fashion across the yield curve, with scenarios of interest
rates increasing and decreasing 100 and 200 basis points from their levels as of
March 31, 2004, and with all other variables held constant. A 100 basis point
increase in market interest rates would result in a pre-tax decrease in the
market value of our fixed income investments of $75.5 million and a 200 basis
point increase in market interest rates would result in $145.9 million decrease.
Similarly, a 100 basis point decrease in market interest rates would result in a
pre-tax increase in the market value of our fixed income investments of $79.8
million and a 200 basis point decrease in market interest rates would result in
a $166.0 million increase.
Currency Exchange Rate Sensitivity
Portions of our operations are transacted using the Canadian dollar as the
functional currency. As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2004,
approximately 11% of our assets, 11% of our revenues, excluding realized gains,
and 14% of our income before realized gains and taxes were derived from our
Canadian operations. As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2003,
approximately 12% of our assets, 15% of our revenues, excluding realized gains,
and 25% of our income before realized gains and taxes were derived from our
Canadian operations. Accordingly, our earnings and shareholder's equity are
affected by fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar as compared to the
Canadian dollar. Although this risk is somewhat mitigated by the fact that both
the assets and liabilities for our foreign operations are denominated in
Canadian dollars, we are still subject to translation gains and losses.
We periodically conduct various analyses to gauge the financial impact of
changes in the foreign currency exchange rate on our financial condition. The
ranges selected in these analyses reflect our assessment of what is reasonably
possible over the succeeding twelve-month period.
37
A 10% strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to the Canadian dollar, as
compared to the actual average exchange rate for the three months ended March
31, 2004, would have resulted in a decrease in our income before realized gains
and taxes of approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31,
2004 and a decrease in our shareholders' equity of approximately $2.9 million at
March 31, 2004. A 10% weakening of the U.S. dollar relative to the Canadian
dollar would have resulted in an increase in our income before realized gains
and taxes of approximately $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31,
2004 and an increase in shareholders' equity of approximately $3.5 million at
March 31, 2004. Our sensitivity analysis of the effects of changes in foreign
currency exchange rates does not factor in any potential change in sales levels,
local prices or any other variables.
The magnitude of changes reflected in the above analysis regarding
interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates should, in no manner, be
construed as a prediction of future economic events, but rather as a simple
illustration of the potential impact of such events on our financial results.
Debt
We pay interest on our term loan and a portion of our trust preferred
securities based on the London Interbank Offering Rate ("LIBOR") for one, two or
three months. Due to the variable interest rate for this loan, the Company would
be subject to higher interest costs if short-term interest rates rise. We have
attempted to mitigate our exposure to adverse interest rate movements by fixing
the rate on $15.0 million of the trust preferred securities for a five year
period through the contractual terms of the security at inception and an
additional $15.0 million through the use of an interest rate swap. We entered
into a swap agreement effective April 29, 2004 which will fix the rate on an
additional $20.0 million of the trust preferred securities.
We regularly conduct various analyses to gauge the financial impact of
changes in interest rate on our financial condition. The ranges selected in
these analyses reflect our assessment as being reasonably possible over the
succeeding twelve-month period. The magnitude of changes modeled in the
accompanying analyses should not be construed as a prediction of future economic
events, but rather, be treated as a simple illustration of the potential impact
of such events on our financial results.
The sensitivity analysis of interest rate risk assumes scenarios increases
or decreases in LIBOR of 100 and 200 basis points from their levels as of March
31, 2004, and with all other variables held constant. The following table
summarizes the annualized impact of changes in LIBOR, based on the weighted
average balance outstanding and the weighted average interest rates for the
three months ended March 31, 2004.
Effect of Change in LIBOR on Pre-tax Income
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2004
Weighted --------------------------------------------------------
Description of Weighted Average 200 Basis 100 Basis 100 Basis 200 Basis
Floating Rate Average Balance Point Point Point Point
Debt Interest Rate Outstanding Decrease Decrease Increase Increase
- ---------------- ------------- ----------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(in millions)
Loan Payable 4.21% $38.2 $ 0.2 $ 0.1 $ (0.1) $ (0.2)
Other long term
debt 5.32% $25.0 0.1 0.1 (0.1) (0.1)
----- ----- ------ ------
Total $ 0.3 $ 0.2 $ (0.2) $ (0.3)
===== ===== ====== ======
We anticipate that the weighted average balance outstanding of our
floating rate loan payable will decrease to $35.4 million for the year ending
December 31, 2004, as a result of scheduled principal repayments. However, we
also anticipate that in connection with the pending acquisition of Heritage,
we will refinance our floating rate loan payable, resulting in an increase
in the weighed average balance outstanding.
38
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management evaluated, with the participation of our principal
executive and principal financial officers, the effectiveness of our disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), as of March
31, 2004. Based on their evaluation, our principal executive and principal
financial officers concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were
effective as of March 31, 2004.
Change in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial
reporting (as defined in Rules 13a - 15(f) and 15d - 15(f) under the Exchange
Act) that occurred during our first fiscal quarter of 2004 that has materially
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control
over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company has litigation in the ordinary course of business,
including claims for medical, disability and life insurance benefits, and
in some cases, seeking punitive damages. Management and counsel believe
that after reserves and liability insurance recoveries, none of these will
have a material adverse effect on the Company
ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Stock Purchases
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
((d) Maximum
(c) Total Number Number of Shares
of Shares (or Approximate
(a) Total Purchased as Dollar Value) of
Number of (b) Part of Publicly Shares That May
Shares Average Announced Yet Be Purchased
Repurchased Price Paid Plans or Under the Plans or
Period (1) Per Share Programs Programs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
January 1 to 31, 18,981 $ 10.16 18,981 720,829
2004
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
February 1 to 29, 1,895 $ 10.41 1,895 718,934
2004
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
March 1 to 31, 3,285 $ 10.77 3,285 715,649
2004
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) All shares were purchased in private transactions.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
a. Exhibits
Exhibit 11. Computation of Per Share Earnings
Data required by Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 128, Earnings Per Share, is provided in
Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in
this report
31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
39
b. Reports on Form 8-K during the quarter ended March 31, 2004
1. Form 8-K filed on February 19, 2004 regarding the press
release announcing results of operations and financial
condition for the period ended December 31, 2003.
2. Form 8-K filed on March 10, 2004 regarding the press release
announcing the acquisition of Heritage Health Systems, Inc.
3. Form 8-K/A filed on March 24, 2004 regarding the reissuance of
the press release announcing results of operations and
financial condition for the period ended December 31, 2003.
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP.
By: /S/ Robert A. Waegelein
-------------------------
Robert A. Waegelein
Executive Vice President
Chief Financial Officer
Date: May 10, 2004
40