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EXHIBIT 3.25
BY-LAWS
OF
VIDEO DIGEST, INC.
(A DELAWARE CORPORATION)
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ARTICLE 1
DEFINITIONS
As used in these By-laws, unless the context otherwise requires, the term:
1.1 "Assistant Secretary" means an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation.
1.2 "Assistant Treasurer" means an Assistant Treasurer of the Corporation.
1.3 "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
1.4 "By-laws" means the initial by-laws of the Corporation, as amended from
time to time.
1.5 "Certificate of Incorporation" means the initial certificate of
incorporation of the Corporation, as amended, supplemented or restated from time
to time.
1.6 "Corporation" means VIDEO DIGEST, INC.
1.7 "Directors" means directors of the Corporation.
1.8 "General Corporation Law" means the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware, as amended from time to time.
1.9 "Office of the Corporation" means the executive office of the
Corporation, anything in Section 131 of the General Corporation Law to the
contrary notwithstanding.
1.10 "President" means the President of the Corporation.
1.11 "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Corporation.
1.12 "Stockholders" means stockholders of the Corporation.
1.13 "Total number of directors" means the total number of directors
determined in accordance with Section 141(b) of the General Corporation Law and
Section 3.2 of the By-Laws.
1.14 "Treasurer" means the Treasurer of the Corporation.
1.15 "Vice President" means a Vice President of the Corporation.
1.16 "Whole Board" means the total number of directors of the Corporation.
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ARTICLE 2
STOCKHOLDERS
2.1 Place of Meetings. Every meeting of stockholders shall be held at the
office of the Corporation or at such other place within or without the State of
Delaware as shall be specified or fixed in the notice of such meeting or in the
waiver of notice thereof.
2.2 Annual Meeting. A meeting of stockholders shall be held annually for
the election of directors and the transaction of other business at such hour and
on such business day in May or June as may be determined by the Board and
designated in the notice of meeting.
2.3 Deferred Meeting for Election of Directors, Etc. If the annual meeting
of stockholders for the election of directors and the transaction of other
business is not held within the months specified in Section 2.2, the Board shall
call a meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and the transaction
of other business as soon thereafter as convenient.
2.4 Other Special Meetings. A special meeting of stockholders (other than
special meeting for the election of directors), unless otherwise prescribed by
statute, may be called at any time by the Board or by the President or by the
Secretary. At any special meeting of stockholders only such business may be
transacted as is related to the purpose or purposes of such meeting set forth in
the notice thereof given pursuant to Section 2.6 of the By-laws or in any waiver
of notice thereof given pursuant to Section 2.7 of the By-laws.
2.5 Fixing Record Date. For the purpose of determining the stockholders
entitled to notice or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment
thereof, or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting,
or for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to receive payment of
any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to
exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock,
or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix, in advance, a
date as the record date for any such determination of stockholders. Such date
shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such
meeting, nor more than sixty days prior to any other action. If no such record
date is fixed:
2.5.1 The record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or
to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the
day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at
the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is
held;
2.5.2 The record date for determining stockholders entitled to express
consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action
by the Board is necessary, shall be the day on which the first written consent
is expressed;
2.5.3 The record date for determining stockholders for any purpose other
than those specified in Sections 2.5.1 and 2.5.2 shall be at the close of
business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.
When a determination of stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at
any meeting of stockholders has been made as provided in this Section 2.5 such
determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof, unless the Board fixes a
new record date for the adjourned meeting.
2.6 Notice of Meetings of Stockholders. Except as otherwise provided in
Section 2.5 and 2.7 of the By-laws, whenever under the General Corporation Law
or the Certificate of Incorporation or the By-laws, stockholders are required or
permitted to take any action at a meeting, written notice shall be given stating
the place, date and hour of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting,
the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. A copy of the notice of
any meeting shall be given, personally or by mail, not less than ten nor more
than sixty days before the date of the meeting, to each stockholder entitled to
notice of or to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to
be given when deposited in the United States mail, with postage prepaid,
directed to the stockholder at his address as it appears on
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the records of the Corporation. An affidavit of the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary or of the transfer agent of the Corporation that the notice required
by this section has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie
evidence of the facts stated therein. When a meeting is adjourned to another
time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and
place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken,
and at the adjourned meeting any business may be transacted that might have been
transacted at the meeting as originally called. If, however, the adjournment is
for more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is
fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be
given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
2.7 Waivers of Notice. Whenever notice is required to be given to any
stockholder under any provision of the General Corporation Law or the
Certificate of Incorporation of the By-laws, a written waiver thereof, signed by
the stockholder entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated
therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a stockholder at a
meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the
stockholder attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the
beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting
is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at,
nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders need be
specified in any written waiver of notice.
2.8 List of Stockholders. The Secretary shall prepare and make, or cause
to be prepared and made, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders,
a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in
alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number
of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to
the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germaine to the meeting,
during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the
meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held,
which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so
specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be
produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time
thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.
2.9 Quorum of Stockholders; Adjournment. The holders of one-third of the
shares of stock entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders, present in
person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of
any business at such meeting. When a quorum is once present to organize a
meeting of stockholders, it is not broken by the subsequent withdrawal of any
stockholders. The holders of a majority of the shares of stock present in person
or represented by proxy at any meeting of stockholders, including an adjourned
meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn such meeting to another
time and place.
2.10 Voting; Proxies. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of
Incorporation every stockholder of record shall be entitled at every meeting of
stockholders to one vote for each share of capital stock standing in his name on
the record of stockholders determined in accordance with Section 2.5 of the By-
laws. If the Certificate of Incorporation provides for more or less than one
vote for any share, on any matter, every reference in the By-laws, or the
General Corporation Law to a majority or other proportion of stock shall refer
to such majority or other proportion of the votes of such stock. The provisions
of Sections 212 and 217 of the General Corporation Law shall apply in
determining whether any shares of capital stock may be voted and the persons, if
any, entitled to vote such shares; but the Corporation shall be protected in
treating the persons in whose names shares of capital stock stand on the record
of stockholders as owners thereof for all purposes. At any meeting of
stockholders (at which a quorum was present to organize the meeting), all
matters, except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of
Incorporation or by the By-laws, shall be decided by a majority of the votes
cast at such meeting by the holders of shares present in person or represented
by proxy and entitled to vote thereon, whether or not a quorum is present when
the vote is taken. All elections of directors shall be by written ballot unless
otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation. In voting on any other
question on which a vote by ballot is required by law or is demanded by any
stockholder entitled to vote, the voting shall be by ballot. Each ballot shall
be signed by the stockholder voting or by his proxy, and shall state the number
of shares voted. On all other questions, the voting may be viva voce.
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Every stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to
express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without a meeting may
authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy. The validity and
enforceability of any proxy shall be determined in accordance with Section 212
of the General Corporation Law.
2.11 Selection and Duties of Inspectors at Meetings of Stockholders. The
Board, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, may appoint one or more
inspectors to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof. If inspectors are
not so appointed, the person presiding at such meeting may, and on the request
of any stockholder entitled to vote thereat shall, appoint one or more
inspectors. In case any person appointed fails to appear or act, the vacancy may
be filled by appointment made by the Board in advance of the meeting or at the
meeting by the person presiding thereat. Each inspector, before entering upon
the discharge of his duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute
the duties of inspector at such meeting with strict impartiality and according
to the best of his ability. The inspector or inspectors shall determine the
number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares
represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, the validity and effect
of proxies, and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all
challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and
tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, determine the result, and do such acts
as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all stockholders.
On request of the person presiding at the meeting or any stockholder entitled to
vote thereat, the inspector or inspectors shall make a report in writing of any
challenge, question or matter determined by him or them and execute a
certificate of any fact found by him or them. Any report or certificate made by
the inspector or inspectors shall be prima facie evidence of the facts stated
and of the vote as certified by him or them.
2.12 Organization. At every meeting of stockholders, the President, or in
the absence of the President a Vice President, and in case more than one Vice
President shall be present, that Vice President designated by the Board (or in
the absence of any such designation, the most senior Vice President, based on
age, present), shall act as chairman of the meeting. The Secretary, or in his
absence one of the Assistant Secretaries, shall act as secretary of the meeting.
In case none of the officers above designated to act as chairman or secretary of
the meeting respectively, shall be present, a chairman or a secretary of the
meeting, as the case may be, shall be chosen by a majority of the votes cast at
such meeting by the holders of shares of capital stock present in person or
represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the meeting.
2.13 Order of Business. The order of business at all meetings of
stockholders shall be as determined by the chairman of the meeting, but the
order of business to be followed at any meeting at which a quorum is present may
be changed by a majority of the votes cast at such meeting by the holders of
shares of capital stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled
to vote at the meeting.
2.14 Written Consent of Stockholders Without a Meeting. Unless otherwise
provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required by the General
Corporation Law to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of
the Corporation, or any action which may be taken at any annual or special
meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior
notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so
taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than
the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such
action at a meeting at which all shares are entitled to vote thereon were
present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a
meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those
stockholders who have not consented in writing.
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ARTICLE 3
DIRECTORS
3.1 General Powers. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of
Incorporation, the business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by
or under the direction of the Board. The Board may adopt such rules and
regulations, not inconsistent with the Certificate of Incorporation or the
By-laws or applicable laws, as it may deem proper for the conduct of its
meetings and the management of the Corporation. In addition to the powers
expressly conferred by the By-laws, the Board may exercise all powers and
perform all acts which are not required, by the By-laws or the Certificate of
Incorporation or by law, to be exercised and performed by the stockholders.
3.2 Number; Qualification; Term of Office. The Board shall consist of one
or more members. The total number of directors shall be fixed initially by the
incorporator and may thereafter be changed from time to time by action of the
stockholders or by action of the Board. Directors need not be stockholders. Each
director shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified or until
his earlier death, resignation or removal.
3.3 Election. Directors shall, except as otherwise required by law or by
the Certificate of Incorporation, be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at
a meeting of stockholders by the holders of shares entitled to vote in the
election.
3.4 Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies. Unless otherwise provided
in the Certificate of Incorporation, newly created directorships resulting from
an increase in the number of directors and vacancies occurring in the Board for
any other reason, including the removal of directors without cause, may be
filled by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than
a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, or may be elected by a plurality of
the votes cast by the holders of shares of capital stock entitled to vote in the
election at a special meeting of stockholders called for that purpose. A
director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected to hold office until his
successor is elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or
removal.
3.5 Resignations. Any director may resign at any time by written notice to
the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time therein
specified, and, unless otherwise specified, the acceptance of such resignation
shall not be necessary to make it effective.
3.6 Removal of Directors. Subject to the provisions of Section 141(k) of
the General Corporation Law, any or all of the directors may be removed with or
without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote
at an election of directors.
3.7 Compensation. Each director, in consideration of his service as such,
shall be entitled to receive from the Corporation such amount per annum or such
fees for attendance at directors' meetings, or both, as the Board may from time
to time determine, together with reimbursement for the reasonable expenses
incurred by him in connection with the performance of his duties. Each director
who shall serve as a member of any committee of directors in consideration of
his serving as such shall be entitled to such additional amount per annum or
such fees for attendance at committee meeting, or both, as the Board may from
time to time determine, together with reimbursement for the reasonable expenses
incurred by him in the performance of his duties. Nothing contained in this
section shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation or its
subsidiaries in any other capacity and receiving proper compensation therefor.
3.8 Place and Time of Meetings of the Board. Meetings of the Board,
regular or special, may be held at any place within or without the State of
Delaware. The times and places for holding meetings of the Board may be fixed
from time to time by resolution of the Board or (unless contrary to resolution
of the Board) in the notice of the meeting.
3.9 Annual Meetings. On the day when and at the place where the annual
meeting of stockholders for the election of directors is held, and as soon as
practicable thereafter, the Board may hold its annual meeting, without notice of
such meeting, for the purposes of organization, the election of officers and the
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transaction of other business. The annual meeting of the Board may be held at
any other time and place specified in a notice given as provided in Section 3.11
of the By-laws for special meetings of the Board or in a waiver of notice
thereof.
3.10 Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board may be held at such
times and places as may be filed from time to time by the Board. Unless
otherwise required by the Board, regular meetings of the Board may be held
without notice. If any day fixed for a regular meeting of the Board shall be a
Saturday or Sunday or a legal holiday at the place where such meeting is to be
held, then such meeting shall be held at the same hour at the same place on the
first business day thereafter which is not a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday.
3.11 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board shall be held
whenever called by the President or the Secretary or by any two or more
directors. Notice of each special meeting of the Board shall, if mailed, be
addressed to each director at the address designated by him for that purpose or,
if none is designated, at his last known address at least two days before the
date on which the meeting is to be held; or such notice shall be sent to each
director at such address by telegraph, cable, or wireless, or be delivered to
him personally, not later than the day before the date on which such meeting is
to be held. Every such notice shall state the time and place of the meeting but
need not state the purpose of the meeting, except to the extent required by law.
If mailed, each notice shall be deemed given when deposited, with postage
thereon prepaid, in a post office or official depository under the exclusive
care and custody of the United States post office department. Such mailing shall
be by first class mail.
3.12 Adjourned Meetings. A majority of the directors present at any
meeting of the Board, including an adjourned meeting, whether or not a quorum is
present, may adjourn such meeting to another time and place. Notice of any
adjourned meeting of the Board need not be given to any director whether or not
present at the time of the adjournment. Any business may be transacted at any
adjourned meeting that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally
called.
3.13 Waiver of Notice. Whenever notice is required to be given to any
director or member of a committee of directors under any provision of the
General Corporation Law or of the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws, a
written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to notice, whether before
or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice.
Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such
meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of
objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business
because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to
be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the
directors, or member of a committee of directors, need be specified in any
written waiver of notice.
3.14 Organization. At each meeting of the Board, the President of the
Corporation, or in the absence of the President, a chairman chosen by a majority
of the directors present, shall preside. The Secretary shall act as secretary at
each meeting of the Board. In case the Secretary shall be absent from any
meeting of the Board, an Assistant Secretary shall perform the duties of
secretary at such meeting; and in the absence from any such meeting of the
Secretary and all Assistant Secretaries, the person presiding at the meeting may
appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.
3.15 Quorum of Directors. One-third of the total number of directors shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business or of any specified item of
business at any meeting of the Board.
3.16 Action by the Board. All corporate action taken by the Board or any
committee thereof shall be taken at a meeting of the Board, or of such
committee, as the case may be, except that any action required or permitted to
be taken at any meeting of the Board, or of any committee thereof, may be taken
without a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be,
consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the
minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. Members of the Board, or any
committee designated by the Board, may participate in a meeting of the Board, or
of such committee, as the case may be, by means of conference telephone or
similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in
the meeting can hear each
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other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this Section 3.16 shall
constitute presence in person at such meeting. Except as otherwise provided by
the Certificate of Incorporation or by law, the vote of a majority of the
directors present (including those who participate by means of conference
telephone or similar communications equipment) at the time of the vote, if a
quorum is present at such time, shall be the act of the Board.
ARTICLE 4
COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD
The Board may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole Board,
designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of
the directors of the Corporation. The Board may designate one or more directors
as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or
disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or
disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof
present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or
they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board to
act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any
such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board, shall
have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board in the
management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the
seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; but no
such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to amending the
Certificate of Incorporation, adopting an agreement of merger or consolidation,
recommending to the stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or
substantially all of the Corporation's property and assets, recommending to the
stockholders a dissolution of the Corporation or a revocation of a dissolution,
or amending the By-laws of the Corporation; and, unless the resolution
designating it expressly so provides, no such committee shall have the power or
authority to declare a dividend or to authorize the issuance of stock.
ARTICLE 5
OFFICERS
5.1 Officers. The Board shall elect a President, a Secretary and a
Treasurer, and may elect or appoint one or more Vice Presidents and such other
officers as it may determine. The Board may designate one or more Vice
Presidents as Executive Vice Presidents, and may use descriptive words or
phrases to designate the standing, seniority or area of special competence of
the Vice Presidents elected or appointed by it. Each officer shall hold his
office until his successor is elected and qualified or until his earlier death,
resignation or removal in the manner provided in Section 5.2 of the By-laws. Any
two or more offices may be held by the same person. The Board may require any
officer to give a bond or other security for the faithful performance of his
duties, in such amount and with such sureties as the Board may determine. All
officers as between themselves and the Corporation shall have such authority and
perform such duties in the management of the Corporation as may be provided in
the By-laws or as the Board may from time to time determine.
5.2 Removal of Officers. Any officer elected or appointed by the Board may
be removed by the Board with or without cause. The removal of an officer without
cause shall be without prejudice to his contract rights, if any. The election or
appointment of an officer shall not of itself create contract rights.
5.3 Resignations. Any officer may resign at any time by so notifying the
Board or the President or the Secretary in writing. Such resignation shall take
effect at the date of receipt of such notice or at such later time as is therein
specified, and, unless otherwise specified, the acceptance of such resignation
shall not be necessary to make it effective. The resignation of an officer shall
be without prejudice to the contract rights of the Corporation, if any.
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5.4 Vacancies. A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation,
removal, disqualification or any other cause shall be filled for the unexpired
portion of the term in the manner prescribed in the By-laws for the regular
election or appointment to such office.
5.5 Compensation. Salaries or other compensation of the officers may be
fixed from time to time by the Board. No officer shall be prevented from
receiving a salary or other compensation by reason of the fact that he is also a
director.
5.6 President. The President shall be the chief executive officer of the
Corporation and shall have general supervision over the business of the
Corporation, subject, however, to the control of the Board and of any duly
authorized committee of directors. The President shall, if present, preside at
all meetings of the stockholders and at all meetings of the Board. He may, with
the Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant Secretary or an Assistant
Treasurer, sign certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation. He
may sign and execute in the name of the Corporation deeds, mortgages, bonds,
contracts and other instruments, except in cases where the signing execution
thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board or by the By-laws to some
other officer or agent of the Corporation, or shall be required by law otherwise
to be signed or executed; and, in general, he shall perform all duties incident
to the office of President and such other duties as from time to time may be
assigned to him by the Board.
5.7 Vice Presidents. At the request of the President or, in his absence,
at the request of the Board, the Vice President shall (in such order as may be
designated by the Board or, in the absence of any such designation, in order of
seniority based on age) perform all of the duties of the President and so acting
shall have all the powers of and be subject to all restrictions upon the
President. Any Vice President may also, with the Secretary or the Treasurer or
an Assistant Secretary or an Assistant Treasurer, sign certificates for shares
of capital stock of the Corporation; may sign and execute in the name of the
Corporation deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts or other instruments authorized
by the Board, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be
expressly delegated by the Board or by the By-laws to some other officer or
agent of the Corporation, or shall be required by law otherwise to be signed or
executed; and shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be
assigned to him by the Board or by the President.
5.8 Secretary. The Secretary, if present, shall act as secretary of all
meetings of the stockholders and of the Board, and shall keep the minutes
thereof in the proper book or books to be provided for that purpose; he shall
see that all notices required to be given by the Corporation are duly given and
served; he may, with the President or a Vice President, sign certificates for
shares of capital stock of the Corporation; he shall be custodian of the seal of
the Corporation and may seal with the seal of the Corporation, or a facsimile
thereof, all certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation and all
documents the execution of which on behalf of the Corporation under its
corporate seal is authorized in accordance with the provisions of the By-laws;
he shall have charge of the stock ledger and also of the other books, records
and papers of the Corporation relating to its organization and management as a
Corporation, and shall see that the reports, statements and other documents
required by law are properly kept and filed; and shall, in general, perform all
the duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties as from
time to time may be assigned to him by the Board or by the President.
5.9 Treasurer. The Treasurer shall have charge and custody of, and be
responsible for, all funds, securities and notes of the Corporation; receive and
give receipts for moneys due and payable to the Corporation from any sources
whatsoever; deposit all such moneys in the name of the Corporation in such
banks, trust companies or other depositaries as shall be selected in accordance
with these By-laws; against proper vouchers, cause such funds to be disbursed by
checks or drafts on the authorized depositaries of the Corporation signed in
such manner as shall be determined in accordance with any provisions of the By-
laws, and be responsible for the accuracy of the amounts of all moneys so
disbursed; regularly enter or cause to be entered in the books kept by him or
under his direction full and adequate account of all moneys received or paid by
him for the account of the Corporation; have the rights to require, from time to
time, reports or statements giving such information as he may desire with
respect to any and all financial transactions of the Corporation from the
officers or agents transacting the same; render to the
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President or the Board, whenever the President or the Board, respectively, shall
require him so to do, an account of the financial condition of the Corporation
and of all his transactions as Treasurer; exhibit at all reasonable times his
books of account and other records to any of the directors upon application at
the office of the Corporation where such books and records are kept; and, in
general, perform all the duties incident to the office of Treasurer and such
other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board or by the
President; and he may sign with the President or a Vice President certificates
for shares of capital stock of the Corporation.
5.10 Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers. Assistant Secretaries
and Assistant Treasurers shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them
by the Secretary or by the Treasurer, respectively, or by the Board or by the
President. Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers may, with the
President or a Vice President, sign certificates for shares of capital stock of
the Corporation.
ARTICLE 6
CONTRACTS, CHECKS, DRAFTS, BANK ACCOUNTS, ETC.
6.1 Execution of Contracts. The Board may authorize any officer, employee
or agent, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, to enter into any
contract or execute and satisfy any instrument, and any such authority may be
general or confined to specific instances, or otherwise limited.
6.2 Loans. The President or any other officer, employee or agent
authorized by the By-laws or by the Board may effect loans and advances at any
time for the Corporation from any bank, trust company or other institutions or
from any firm, corporation or individual and for such loans and advances may
make, execute and deliver promissory notes, bonds or other certificates or
evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation, and, when authorized by the Board
so to do, may pledge and hypothecate or transfer any securities or other
property of the Corporation as security for any such loans or advances. Such
authority conferred by the Board may be general or confined to specific
instances or otherwise limited.
6.3 Checks, Drafts, Etc. All checks, drafts and other orders for payment
of money out of the funds of the Corporation and all notes or other evidences of
indebtedness of the Corporation shall be signed on behalf of the Corporation in
such manner as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the Board.
6.4 Deposits. The funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be
deposited from time to time to the order of the Corporation in such banks, trust
companies or other depositaries as the Board may select or as may be selected by
an officer, employee or agent of the Corporation to whom such power may from
time to time be delegated by the Board.
ARTICLE 7
STOCK AND DIVIDENDS
7.1 Certificates Representing Shares. The shares of capital stock of the
Corporation shall be represented by certificates in such form (consistent with
the provisions of Section 158 of the General Corporation Law) as shall be
approved by the Board. Such certificates shall be signed by the President or a
Vice President and by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or the Treasurer
or an Assistant Treasurer, and may be sealed with the seal of the Corporation or
a facsimile thereof. The signatures of the officers upon a certificate may be
facsimiles, if the certificate is countersigned by a transfer agent or registrar
other than the Corporation itself or its employee. In case any officer, transfer
agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed
upon any certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or
registrar before such certificate is issued, such certificate may, unless
otherwise ordered by the Board, be issued by the Corporation with the same
effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the
date of issue.
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7.2 Transfer of Shares. Transfers of shares of capital stock of the
Corporation shall be made only on the books of the Corporation by the holder
thereof or by his duly authorized attorney appointed by a power of attorney duly
executed and filed with the Secretary or a transfer agent of the Corporation,
and on surrender of the certificate or certificates representing such shares of
capital stock properly endorsed for transfer and upon payment of all necessary
transfer taxes. Every certificate exchanged, returned or surrendered to the
Corporation shall be marked "Cancelled," with the date of cancellation, by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or the transfer agent of the Corporation. A
person in whose name shares of capital stock shall stand on the books of the
Corporation shall be deemed the owner thereof to receive dividends, to vote as
such owner and for all other purposes as respects the Corporation. No transfer
of shares of capital stock shall be valid as against the Corporation, its
stockholders and creditors for any purpose, except to render the transferee
liable for the debts of the Corporation to the extent provided by law, until
such transfer shall have been entered on the books of the Corporation by an
entry showing from and to whom transferred.
7.3 Transfer and Registry Agents. The Corporation may from time to time
maintain one or more transfer offices or agents and registry offices or agents
at such place or places as may be determined from time to time by the Board.
7.4 Lost, Destroyed, Stolen and Mutilated Certificates. The holder of any
shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall immediately notify the
Corporation of any loss, destruction, theft or mutilation of the certificate
representing such shares, and the Corporation may issue a new certificate to
replace the certificate alleged to have been lost, destroyed, stolen or
mutilated. The Board may, in its discretion, as a condition to the issue of any
such new certificate, require the owner of the lost, destroyed, stolen or
mutilated certificate, or his legal representatives, to make proof satisfactory
to the Board of such loss, destruction, theft or mutilation and to advertise
such fact in such manner as the Board may require, and to give the Corporation
and its transfer agent and registrars, or such of them as the Board may require,
a bond in such form, in such sums and with such surety or sureties as the Board
may direct, to indemnify the Corporation and its transfer agents and registrars
against any claim that may be made against any of them on account of the
continued existence of any such certificate so alleged to have been lost,
destroyed, stolen or mutilated and against any expense in connection with such
claim.
7.5 Regulations. The Board may make such rules and regulations as it may
deem expedient, not inconsistent with the By-laws or with the Certificate of
Incorporation, concerning the issue, transfer and registration of certificates
representing share of its capital stock.
7.6 Restriction on Transfer of Stock. A written restriction on the
transfer or registration of transfer of capital stock of the Corporation, if
permitted by Section 202 of the General Corporation Law and noted conspicuously
on the certificate representing such capital stock, may be enforced against the
holder of the restricted capital stock or any successor or transferee of the
holder including an executor, administrator, trustee, guardian or other
fiduciary entrusted with like responsibility for the person or estate of the
holder. Unless noted conspicuously on the certificate representing such capital
stock, a restriction, even though permitted by Section 202 of the General
Corporation Law, shall be ineffective except against a person with actual
knowledge of the restriction. A restriction on the transfer or registration of
transfer of capital stock of the Corporation may be impose either by the
Certificate of Incorporation or by an agreement among any number of stockholders
or among such stockholders and the Corporation. No restriction so imposed shall
be binding with respect to capital stock issued prior to the adoption of the
restriction unless the holders of such capital stock are parties to an agreement
or voted in favor of the restriction.
7.7 Dividends, Surplus, Etc. Subject to the provisions of the Certificate
of Incorporation and of law, the Board:
7.7.1 May declare and pay dividends or make other distributions on the
outstanding shares of capital stock in such amounts and at such time or times
as, in its discretion, the condition of the affairs of the Corporation shall
render advisable;
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7.7.2 May use and apply, in its discretion, any of the surplus of the
Corporation in purchasing or acquiring any shares of capital stock of the
Corporation, or purchase warrants therefor, in accordance with law, or any of
its bonds, debentures, notes, scrip or other securities or evidences of
indebtedness;
7.7.3 May set aside from time to time out of such surplus or net profits
such sum or sums as, in its discretion, it may think proper, as a reserve fund
to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends or for the purpose of
maintaining or increasing the property or business of the Corporation, or for
any purpose it may think conducive to the best interests of the Corporation.
ARTICLE 8
INDEMNIFICATION
8.1 Indemnification of Officers and Directors. The Corporation shall
indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party
to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether
civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he
is or was a director or an officer of the Corporation, against expenses
(including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement
actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or
proceeding to the fullest extent and in the manner set forth in and permitted by
the General Corporation Law, and any other applicable law, as from time to time
in effect. Such right of indemnification shall not be deemed exclusive of any
other rights to which such director or officer may be entitled apart from the
foregoing provisions. The foregoing provisions of this Section 8.1 shall be
deemed to be a contract between the Corporation and each director and officer
who serves in such capacity at any time while this Article and the relevant
provisions of the General Corporation Law and other applicable law, if any, are
in effect, and any repeal or modification thereof shall not affect any rights or
obligations then existing with respect to any state of facts then or theretofore
existing or any action, suit or proceeding theretofore or thereafter brought or
threatened based in whole or in part upon any such state of facts.
8.2 Indemnification of Other Persons. The Corporation may indemnify any
person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any
threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil,
criminal, administrative or investigative by reason of fact that he is or was an
employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the
Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses
(including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement
actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or
proceeding to the extent and in the manner set forth in and permitted by the
General Corporation Law, and any other applicable law, as from time to time in
effect. Such right of indemnification shall not be deemed exclusive of any other
rights to which any such person may be entitled apart from the foregoing
provisions.
8.3 Insurance. The Corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain
insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or
agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation
as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against
him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as
such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him
against such liability under the provisions of Section 8.1 and 8.2 of the
By-laws or under Section 145 of the General Corporation Law of any other
provision of law.
ARTICLE 9
BOOKS AND RECORDS
9.1 Books and Records. The Corporation shall keep correct and complete
books and records of account and shall keep minutes of the proceedings of the
stockholders, the Board and any committee of the Board. The Corporation shall
keep at the office designated in the Certificate of Incorporation or at the
office of the transfer agent or registrar of the Corporation, a record
containing the names and addresses of
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all stockholders, the number and class of shares held by each and the dates when
they respectively became the owners of record thereof.
9.2 Form of Records. Any records maintained by the Corporation in the
regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account,
and minute books, may be kept on, or be in the form of, punch cards, magnetic
tape, photographs, microphotography, or any other information storage device,
provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible written
form within a reasonable time. The Corporation shall so convert any records so
kept upon the request of any person entitled to inspect the same.
9.3 Inspection of Books and Records. Except as otherwise provided by law,
the Board shall determine from time to time whether, and, if allowed, when and
under what conditions and regulations, the accounts, books, minutes and other
records of the Corporation, or any of them, shall be open to the inspection of
the stockholders.
ARTICLE 10
SEAL
The Board may adopt a corporate seal which shall be in the form of a circle
and shall bear the full name of the Corporation, the year of its incorporation
and the word "Delaware."
ARTICLE 11
FISCAL YEAR
The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be determined, and may be changed,
by resolution of the Board.
ARTICLE 12
VOTING OF SHARES HELD
Unless otherwise provided by resolution of the Board, the President may,
from time to time, appoint one or more attorneys or agents of the Corporation,
in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, to cast the votes which the
Corporation may be entitled to cast as a stockholder or otherwise in any other
corporation, any of whose shares or securities may be held by the Corporation,
at meetings of the holders of stock or other securities of such other
corporation, or to consent in writing to any action by any such other
corporation, and may instruct the person or persons so appointed as to the
manner of casting such votes or giving such consent, and may execute or cause to
be executed on behalf of the Corporation and under its corporate seal, or
otherwise, such written proxies, consents, waivers or other instruments as he
may deem necessary or proper in the premises; or the President may himself
attend any meeting of the holders of the stock or other securities of any such
other corporation and thereat vote or exercise any or all other powers of the
Corporation as the holder of such stock or other securities of such other
corporation.
ARTICLE 13
AMENDMENTS
The By-laws may be altered, amended, supplemented or repealed, or new
By-laws may be adopted, by vote of the holders of the shares entitled to vote in
the election of director. The By-laws may be adopted, by the Board. Any By-laws
adopted, altered, amended, or supplemented by the Board may be altered, amended,
or supplemented or repealed by the stockholders entitled to vote thereon.
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