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                                                               EXHIBIT (a)(1)(F)

            GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
                         NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

GUIDELINES FOR DETERMINING THE PROPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER FOR THE PAYEE (YOU)
TO GIVE THE TAXPAYER -- Social Security Numbers have nine digits separated by
two hyphens: i.e., 000-00-0000. Employer identification numbers have nine digits
separated by only one hyphen: i.e., 00-0000000. The table below will help
determine the number to give the payer. All "Section" references are to the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. "IRS" is the Internal Revenue
Service.


                                   
- -----------------------------------------------------------
                                         GIVE THE NAME AND
                                         SOCIAL SECURITY
              FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT:  NUMBER OF--
- -----------------------------------------------------------
 1.  Individual                          The individual
 2.  Two or more individuals (joint      The actual owner
     account)                            of the account or,
                                         if combined funds,
                                         the first
                                         individual on the
                                         account(1)
 3.  Custodian account of a minor        The minor(2)
     (Uniform Gift to Minors Act)
 4.  a. The usual revocable savings      The grantor-
        trust account (grantor is also   trustee(1)
        trustee)
     b. So-called trust account that is  The actual
        not a legal or valid trust       owner(1)
        under state law
 5.  Sole proprietorship                 The owner(3)
- -----------------------------------------------------------
- -----------------------------------------------------------
                                         GIVE THE NAME AND
                                         EMPLOYER
                                         IDENTIFICATION
              FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT:  NUMBER OF--
- -----------------------------------------------------------

 6.  Sole proprietorship                 The owner(3)
 7.  A valid trust, estate, or pension   The legal
     trust                               entity(4)
 8.  Corporate                           The corporation
 9.  Association, club, religious,       The organization
     charitable, educational, or other
     tax-exempt organization
10.  Partnership                         The partnership
11.  A broker or registered nominee      The broker or
                                         nominee
12.  Account with the Department of      The public entity
     Agriculture in the name of a
     public entity (such as a state or
     local government, school district,
     or prison) that receives
     agricultural program payments
- -----------------------------------------------------------


(1) List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish. If
    only one person on a joint account has a social security number, that
    person's number must be furnished.
(2) Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security number.
(3) You must show your individual name, but you may also enter your business or
    "doing business as" name. You may use either your social security number or
    your employer identification number (if you have one).
(4) List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate, or pension trust.
    (Do not furnish the taxpayer identification number of the personal
    representative or trustee unless the legal entity itself is not designated
    in the account title.)

NOTE: If no name is circled when there is more than one name listed, the number
will be considered to be that of the first name listed.
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            GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
                         NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

OBTAINING A NUMBER
If you don't have a taxpayer identification number, obtain Form SS-5,
Application for a Social Security Card at the local Social Security
Administration office, or Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification
Number, by calling 1 (800) TAX-FORM, and apply for a number.

PAYEES EXEMPT FROM BACKUP WITHHOLDING
Payees specifically exempted from withholding include:
  - An organization exempt from tax under Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
    amended, section ("Section") 501(a), an individual retirement account (IRA),
    or a custodial account under Section 403(b)(7), if the account satisfies the
    requirements of Section 401(f)(2).
  - The United States or a state thereof, the District of Columbia, a possession
    of the United States, or a political subdivision or wholly-owned agency or
    instrumentality of any one or more of the foregoing.
  - An international organization or any agency or instrumentality thereof.
  - A foreign government and any political subdivision, agency or
    instrumentality thereof.
  Payees that may be exempt from backup withholding include:
  - A corporation.
  - A financial institution.
  - A dealer in securities or commodities required to register in the United
    States, the District of Columbia, or a possession of the United States.
  - A real estate investment trust.
  - A common trust fund operated by a bank under Section 584(a).
  - An entity registered at all times during the tax year under the Investment
    Company Act of 1940.
  - A middleman known in the investment community as a nominee or who is listed
    in the most recent publication of the American Society of Corporate
    Secretaries, Inc., Nominee List.
  - A futures commission merchant registered with the Commodity Futures Trading
    Commission.
  - A foreign central bank of issue.
  Payments of dividends and patronage dividends generally exempt from backup
withholding include:
  - Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under Section 1441.
  - Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the United
    States and that have at least one non-resident alien partner.
  - Payments of patronage dividends not paid in money.
  - Payments made by certain foreign organizations.
  - Section 404(k) distributions made by an ESOP.
  Payments of interest generally exempt from backup withholding include:
  - Payments of tax-exempt interest (including exempt-interest dividends under
    Section 852).
  - Payments described in Section 6049(b)(5) to nonresident aliens.
  - Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under Section 1451.
  - Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

  Certain payments, other than payments of interest, dividends, and patronage
dividends, that are exempt from information reporting are also exempt from
backup withholding. For details, see Sections 6041, 6041A, 6042, 6044, 6045,
6049, 6050A and 6050N and the regulations thereunder.

  EXEMPT PAYEES SHOULD COMPLETE A SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 TO AVOID POSSIBLE
ERRONEOUS BACKUP WITHHOLDING. Furnish your taxpayer identification number, write
"EXEMPT" on the form, sign and date the form and return it to the payer.

PRIVACY ACT NOTICE.--Section 6109 requires you to provide your correct taxpayer
identification number to payers who must report the payments to the IRS. The IRS
uses the numbers for identification purposes and to help verify the accuracy of
your return and may also provide this information to various government agencies
for tax enforcement or litigation purposes. Payers must be given the numbers
whether or not recipients are required to file tax returns. Payers must
generally withhold 31% of taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments
to a payee who does not furnish a taxpayer identification number to a payer.
Certain penalties may also apply.

PENALTIES
(1) FAILURE TO FURNISH TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER.--If you fail to furnish
your taxpayer identification number to a payer, you are subject to a penalty of
$50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to reasonable cause and not
to willful neglect.
(2) CIVIL PENALTY FOR FALSE INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO WITHHOLDING.--If you
make a false statement with no reasonable basis that results in no backup
withholding, you are subject to a $500 penalty.
(3) CRIMINAL PENALTY FOR FALSIFYING INFORMATION.--Willfully falsifying
certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including
fines and/or imprisonment.

 FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE
                                    SERVICE.