EXHIBIT 4.8

         On April 21, 1999, SCF-IV, L.P., a limited partnership organized under
the laws of the State of Delaware ("SCF-IV"), and Input/Output, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the "Company") entered into a Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase
Agreement") pursuant to which SCF-IV agreed to purchase, in a privately
negotiated transaction, from the Company 40,000 shares of Series B preferred
stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Series B Preferred Stock" or the "Initial
Shares"), of the Company, and the Company granted to SCF-IV an option to
purchase up to 15,000 additional shares of Series C preferred stock, par value
$0.01 per share (the "Series C Preferred Stock" or the "Option Shares," and
together with the Series B Preferred Stock, the "Shares"), of the Company.
SCF-IV purchased the Initial Shares on May 7, 1999 (the "Initial Closing Date").
The consideration paid by SCF-IV for the Initial Shares was $40,000,000. The net
cash proceeds will be used to fund the Company's research and development
projects, to provide additional working capital and for general corporate
purposes.

         For a period of ninety days after the Initial Closing Date (the "Option
Period"), SCF-IV may, at its sole option, purchase up to 15,000 shares of the
Series C Preferred Stock (the "Exercise Notice") under the option granted under
the Purchase Agreement. The purchase price payable for the Option Shares will be
$1,000 per share (or an aggregate maximum of $15,000,000).

THE PURCHASE AGREEMENT

         Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company has agreed to use its
best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, such action as may be necessary or
advisable to ensure that immediately following the later of (i) the Initial
Closing Date and (ii) the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting
period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as
amended (the "HSR Act"), the Company's Board of Directors will be increased by
one (if necessary) and an individual designated by SCF-IV will be elected as a
director of the Company in accordance with the terms of the Shares as described
below.

         In connection with the Purchase Agreement, the Company has amended its
Rights Agreement with Harris Trust and Savings Bank as rights agent dated as of
January 17, 1997 (the "Rights Plan"), to provide that neither SCF-IV nor any of
its affiliates will be deemed to be an "Acquiring Person" within the meaning of
the Rights Plan by reason of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase
Agreement. The Company has agreed in the Purchase Agreement that it will not
further amend the Rights Plan, or adopt any similar agreement, that conflicts
with, or restricts SCF-IV to a greater extent than the provisions contained in
the Purchase Agreement. In addition, the Board of Directors of the Company has
approved SCF-IV and its affiliates becoming an "interested stockholder" within
the meaning of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL")
and a "Related Person" within the meaning of Article THIRTEENTH of the Company's
Certificate of Incorporation by reason of the acquisition by SCF-IV or any of
its affiliates of (i) the Shares, (ii) any shares issued to SCF-IV upon
conversion of the Shares (the "Underlying Shares"), (iii) any shares of Common
Stock permitted to be acquired by SCF-IV or any of its affiliates in accordance
with the limitation set forth in the standstill provisions contained in the
Purchase Agreement (discussed below) or (iv) any other securities (including
shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion, exercise or exchange thereof
pursuant to their terms) received by SCF-IV or its affiliates pursuant to the
Purchase Agreement.





         Under the Purchase Agreement, SCF-IV has agreed that, without the prior
written consent of the Company, it will not sell or otherwise transfer any of
the Shares to any other person or entity other than a partner of SCF-IV, who, in
any event, shall agree to be bound by the transfer restrictions contained in the
Purchase Agreement. SCF-IV has also agreed that, without the prior written
consent of the Company, it will not, prior to the earlier of (i) the seventh
anniversary of the Initial Closing, or (ii) the occurrence of a Change of
Control (defined as (i) an agreement providing for a Business Combination
(defined below under "Series B Preferred Stock") is approved by the Board of
Directors of the Company or a Business Combination is consummated, (ii) a tender
offer for Common Stock is approved or recommended by the Board of Directors of
the Company or (iii) there is a redemption, repurchase or reacquisition by the
Company of rights issued pursuant to the Rights Plan or any waiver of the
application of the Rights Plan to any beneficial owner other than SCF-IV or its
affiliates except as approved by SCF-IV's representative to the Board of
Directors of the Company), sell or otherwise transfer the Underlying Shares in a
single transaction or series of related transactions involving a number of
shares in the aggregate constituting in excess of 1% of the Company's issued and
outstanding shares of Common Stock at the time of such sale or transfer (based
on the Company's most recent report filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission ("SEC") under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
"Exchange Act"), prior to such sale or transfer disclosing such number of
outstanding shares) to any entity which SCF-IV knows competes to a material
extent with the Company or is engaged to a material extent in the energy
services or equipment business, without first offering such shares to the
Company on the same terms and in the manner set forth in the Purchase Agreement
(subject to certain exceptions relating to an underwritten public offering).

         The Company has agreed that, from and after the date of the Purchase
Agreement, it will not issue any Permitted Parity Securities (as defined below),
except for (i) the issuance of the Option Shares to SCF-IV or its affiliates
pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, or (ii) the issuance of a number of shares
of Permitted Parity Securities issued at a price of $1,000 cash per share in a
single series within eighteen months of the Initial Closing equal to 35,000 less
the number of Option Shares purchased under the Purchase Agreement (or, if the
Option Period shall not yet have expired, less the full 15,000 Option Shares);
provided that if such Permitted Parity Securities are issued after the first
anniversary of the Initial Closing, then SCF-IV will be entitled to prior
written notice of such proposed issuance and the terms thereof and shall have a
right of first refusal option to purchase any or all of such securities on the
same terms as offered to the proposed purchaser. "Permitted Parity Securities"
for this purpose means up to 35,000 shares of preferred stock of the Company
constituting no more than two series of preferred stock, each share of which (i)
has a liquidation preference of not more than $1,000 per share exclusive of
accrued and unpaid dividends, (ii) has a dividend rate of not more than one
percent per annum, (iii) has no more than one vote per share with respect to
matters on which it votes together with the Series B Preferred Stock and other
Permitted Parity Securities as a single class and (iv) is PARI PASSU with the
Series B Preferred Stock with respect to the payment of dividends and the
distributions upon Liquidation (as defined in the Certificate of Designation of
Series B Preferred Stock). The Series C Preferred Stock that may be issued
pursuant to the Purchase Agreement shall be considered Permitted Parity
Securities for purposes of the foregoing.



                                       2


         The Company agrees that if it issues any Permitted Parity Securities
(other than Option Shares) pursuant to the foregoing that have terms that SCF-IV
reasonably believes to be more favorable to the purchaser of such shares than
the terms of the Initial Shares, then SCF-IV shall have the right to exchange
all of the Shares purchased under the Purchase Agreement (or, if such issuance
occurs prior to the expiration of the Option Period and the Option Closing has
not occurred, all of the Shares that may be purchased under the Purchase
Agreement if SCF-IV agrees to pay the applicable purchase price therefor upon
such exchange) on a share for share basis.

         By executing the Purchase Agreement, SCF-IV has agreed that, for a
period commencing on the date of the Purchase Agreement and ending on the
earlier of the third anniversary of the Initial Closing Date or the occurrence
of a Change of Control (as defined), it will not:

                  (a) directly or indirectly, take any action to acquire, in the
         aggregate, beneficial ownership of more than 4% of the Company's
         outstanding Common Stock or voting stock (based on the Company's most
         recent Exchange Act report filed with the SEC prior to such acquisition
         disclosing such number of outstanding shares), excluding from such
         ownership the Initial Shares and Option Shares or the Underlying Shares
         or any other Common Stock or voting stock acquired directly from the
         Company;

                  (b) form or encourage the formation of a "group" within the
         meaning of Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act, to acquire, change or
         influence control of the Company;

                  (c) solicit, or participate in any "solicitation" of "proxies"
         or become a "participant" in any "election contest" or consent
         solicitation (as such terms are defined or used under Regulation 14A
         under the Exchange Act) with respect to the Company in opposition to
         the recommendation of a majority of the Board of Directors of the
         Company;

                  (d) initiate, propose or otherwise solicit stockholders for
         the approval of, one or more stockholder proposals with respect to the
         Company or induce any person to initiate any stockholder proposal, in
         each case in opposition to the recommendation of a majority of the
         Board of Directors of the Company;

                  (e) deposit any voting stock in a voting trust or subject them
         to a voting agreement or other agreement or arrangement with respect to
         the voting of such voting stock, other than any such trust, agreement
         or other arrangement involving no persons other than SCF-IV, its
         partners or affiliates; or

                  (f) solicit, propose or negotiate with any other person
         (including the Company) with respect to any form of business
         combination or other extraordinary transaction with the Company or any
         of its subsidiaries, in each case which would result in a Change of
         Control, or solicit, make or propose or negotiate with any other person
         with respect to or announce an intent to make, any tender offer or
         exchange offer for any securities of the Company, in each case in
         opposition to the recommendation of a majority of the Board of
         Directors of the Company, or publicly disclose an intent, purpose, plan
         or proposal with respect to the Company, any of its subsidiaries, or



                                       3


         any securities or assets of the Company, that would violate the
         provisions of this paragraph (f);

provided, however, that nothing in the foregoing paragraphs (a)-(f) shall be
deemed to limit in any way (i) the right of SCF-IV to exercise its voting rights
in any manner it sees fit with respect to the Shares, the Underlying Shares or
any other shares of voting stock acquired by SCF-IV in accordance with the
Purchase Agreement, or (ii) the right of any director elected to the Board of
Directors as a representative of the holders of the Shares to take any action he
believes necessary to fulfill his fiduciary duties.

         The Company has agreed to indemnify SCF-IV and its affiliates and hold
SCF-IV and its affiliates harmless from and against any and all liabilities,
losses, damages, costs and expenses of any kind, which may be incurred by SCF-IV
or such affiliates as a result of any claims made against SCF-IV or such
affiliates by any person that relate to or arise out of (i) any breach by the
Company of any of its representations, warranties or covenants contained in the
Purchase Agreement or in the agreements related thereto, or (ii) any litigation,
investigation or proceeding instituted by any person with respect to the
Purchase Agreement or the Shares or the Underlying Shares (excluding, however,
any such litigation, investigation or proceeding which arises solely from the
acts or omissions of SCF-IV or its affiliates). Notwithstanding the foregoing,
the Company will not be responsible for or assume any of the investment risk
associated with any securities purchased under the Purchase Agreement.

THE SERIES B PREFERRED STOCK

         The holders of Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive
cumulative cash dividends of $10.00 per annum (1% of the liquidation preference)
for each share of Series B Preferred Stock. The Series B Preferred Stock is
entitled to a liquidation preference of $1,000.00, plus all accrued but unpaid
dividends.

         The Series B Preferred Stock is convertible at the holder's option
after the first to occur of any of the following (the "Initial Conversion
Date"): (i) the third anniversary of the original date of issuance of such
Shares (the "Issue Date"), (ii) the approval by the Board of Directors of the
Company of an agreement relating to a Business Combination or the consummation
of a Business Combination, (iii) a tender offer for Common Stock is approved or
recommended by the Board of Directors of the Company or (iv) the redemption,
repurchase or reacquisition by the Company of rights issued pursuant to the
Rights Plan or any waiver of the application of the Rights Plan to any
beneficial owner other than SCF-IV or its affiliates (except as approved by
SCF-IV's representative on the Board of Directors of the Company). After the
Initial Conversion Date and prior to the Mandatory Conversion Date (defined
below), the holders of Series B Preferred Stock will be entitled to convert any
and all shares of Series B Preferred Stock into a number of fully paid and
nonassessable shares of Common Stock per share equal to, at the option of the
holder, one of, or if not specified by the holder, at the greater of, the
following (such amount being referred to as the "Conversion Ratio"): (a)
$1,000.00 (plus any accrued and unpaid dividends through the record date for
determining shareholders entitled to vote) divided by the conversion price of
$8.00 (as adjusted from time to time in accordance with the anti-dilution
provisions in the Series B Preferred Stock's Certificate of Designation) or (b)
$1,000.00 increased at a rate of eight percent per annum from the Issue Date,
compounded quarterly, less the amount of cash dividends



                                       4


actually paid through the applicable conversion date (the "Adjusted Stated
Value"), divided by the average market price for the Common Stock during the ten
trading day period prior to the date of conversion (the "Conversion Ratio").

         On April 20, 1999, the closing sales price per share of the Common
Stock on the New York Stock Exchange was $6.875.

         A "Business Combination" for this purpose means (i) any consolidation
or merger of the Company with or into any person or (ii) any Change of Control
Stock Issuance (defined below), or (iii) the sale, assignment conveyance,
transfer, lease or other disposition by the Company of all or substantially all
of its assets followed by a liquidation of the Company. A "Change of Control
Stock Issuance" means any issuance, in a single transaction or series of related
transactions, by the Company of shares of Common Stock or Common Stock
equivalents in connection with the acquisition of assets (including cash) or
securities by the Company or a subsidiary of the Company (including by way of a
merger of a subsidiary of the Company with or into a person), except where (i)
the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such issuance own (in
substantially the same proportion relative to each other as such shareholders
owned the Common Stock or voting stock of the Company, as the case may be,
immediately prior to such consummation) (x) more than 50% of the voting stock of
the Company immediately after such issuance, and (y) more than 50% of the
outstanding Common Stock immediately after such issuance, (ii) the members of
the Board of Directors of the Company immediately prior to entering into the
agreement relating to such issuance (or if no such agreement is entered into,
then immediately prior to the consummation of such issuance) constitute at least
a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company immediately after such
issuance, with no agreements or arrangements in place immediately after such
consummation that would result in the members of the Board of Directors of the
Company immediately prior to the entering into the agreement relating to such
issuance ceasing to constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors of
the Company and (iii) no person or group of persons immediately after such
issuance is the beneficial owner of 40% or more of the total outstanding voting
stock of the Company or Common Stock.

         On the fifth anniversary of the Issue Date (the "Mandatory Conversion
Date"), each outstanding share of Series B Preferred Stock shall, without any
action on the part of the holder, be converted automatically into a number of
fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock equal to the Conversion
Ratio, provided the Shelf Registration Statement (discussed below) contemplated
by the Registration Rights Agreement is then in effect.

         In the event of a conversion of Series B Preferred Stock pursuant to
which the Conversion Ratio is determined using clause (b) above, then,
provided that full cumulative dividends have been paid or declared and set apart
for payment upon all outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock for all past
dividend periods, the Company may redeem for cash up to 50% (or such greater
percentage as the holders shall agree) of the shares of Series B Preferred Stock
submitted for conversion at a redemption price per share equal to the Adjusted
Stated Value (a "Redemption Offer"), in lieu of effecting such conversion.

         If the Company issues Common Stock upon conversion of the Series B
Preferred Stock pursuant to which the Conversion Ratio is calculated pursuant to
clause (b) of the definition of Conversion Ratio as set forth above, the Company
shall not be obligated to issue, in the aggregate, a number of shares of Common
Stock in excess of the NYSE Limitation upon conversion of the Series B Preferred
Stock. The "NYSE Limitation" shall mean the maximum number of shares of Common
Stock that could be issued by the Company pursuant to the conversion of the



                                       5


Series B Preferred Stock and any substantially similar series of Permitted
Parity Securities issued to the holder (including any Series C Preferred Stock)
pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement without triggering a requirement
to obtain the approval of the Company's shareholders of such issuance pursuant
to Section 312.03(c) of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual as in
effect on the Issue Date. To the extent that any shares of Series B Preferred
Stock are submitted for conversion such that the NYSE Limitation would be
exceeded, such excess shares shall, in lieu of being converted into Common
Stock, be redeemed in exchange for a cash payment equal to the Adjusted Stated
Value per share.

         Following the expiration or earlier termination of the applicable
waiting period under the HSR Act (the "HSR Expiration Date"), holders of the
Series B Preferred Stock will be entitled to vote upon all matters upon which
the holders of Common Stock and other Permitted Parity Securities are entitled
to vote. The holders of Series B Preferred Stock, when voting together with the
Common Stock as a single class, will be entitled to cast a number of votes equal
to $1,000.00 (plus any accrued and unpaid dividends through the record date for
determining the shareholders entitled to vote) divided by the conversion price
of $8.00 (as adjusted from time to time in accordance with the Series B
Preferred Stock's Certificate of Designation). After the HSR Expiration Date,
the holders of Series B Preferred Stock, voting together as a class with other
Permitted Parity Securities, shall be entitled to elect one member of the Board
of Directors of the Company. The consent of the holders of a majority of the
Series B Preferred Stock, voting together as a class with other Permitted Parity
Securities, will be necessary to (i) amend, alter or repeal the Series B
Preferred Stock Certificate of Designation to authorize, create or issue parity
securities or senior securities, (ii) issue any parity or senior securities or
(iii) consummate any Business Combination. Further, the consent of the holders
of at least a majority of the Series B Preferred Stock, voting separately as a
single class with one vote per share, will be necessary to amend, alter or
repeal any of the provisions of (i) the Series B Preferred Stock Certificate of
Designation or any certificate of designation relating to any parity securities,
or (ii) the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, so as to adversely
affect any of the rights, preferences or privileges of the holders of Series B
Preferred Stock.

THE SERIES C PREFERRED STOCK

         The Series C Preferred Stock, if issued, will have substantially the
same terms as the Series B Preferred Stock, except for the determination of the
conversion price. The conversion price for the Series C Preferred Stock will be
equal to 125% of the average market price per share of the Common Stock for the
ten trading days ending on and including the trading day prior to the date on
which SCF-IV notifies the Company that it wishes to exercise its option to
purchase some or all of the Series C Preferred Stock; provided, however, that if
such average is less than $4.80, then the initial conversion price shall be
$6.00 and if such average is higher than $6.80, the initial conversion price
shall be $8.50, subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments.

THE REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

         The Company has entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with
SCF-IV pursuant to which the holder or holders of at least 25% of the then



                                       6


outstanding Registrable Securities (which subject to certain limitations means
the Underlying Shares and any other securities issued or issuable with respect
to the Underlying Shares) at any time on or after the earlier of (i) the Initial
Conversion Date or (ii) the date sixty days prior to the third anniversary of
the date of the initial issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock, may request a
registration of the Company of any or all of SCF-IV's Registrable Securities (a
"Demand Registration"); provided, however, that the number of Registrable
Securities to be included in such a Demand Registration must be at least
1,000,000 or such lesser number of Registrable Securities as have an aggregate
market price of at least $10,000,000 as of the date of such request. The holders
of Registrable Securities will be entitled to request an aggregate of two Demand
Registrations. The Registration Rights Agreement also entitles the holders of
Registrable Securities the right to have such securities registered whenever the
Company proposes to register any securities under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, (a "Piggyback Registration"). As contemplated by the Registration
Rights Agreement, the ability of the holders of Registrable Securities to
participate in Piggyback Registration will depend on the individual
circumstances and the nature of the offering at issue. The Registration Rights
Agreement obligates the Company to file a shelf registration statement (the
"Shelf Registration Statement") relating to all of the Registrable Securities
prior to the Mandatory Conversion Date and to cause such Shelf Registration
Statement to remain in effect for one year (subject to certain suspension
rights). The registration expenses with relation to Registrable Securities
included in a Demand Registration will be borne by the holders of Registrable
Securities; the registration expenses with relation to Registrable Securities
included in a Piggyback Registration or the Shelf Registration will be borne by
the Company.

BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP BY SCF-IV

         According to its Schedule 13D filed with the SEC on April 30, 1999,
SCF-IV may be deemed to beneficially own 5,000,000 shares of Common Stock based
on its acquisition of 40,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock. The 5,000,000
shares of Common Stock represent shares issuable to SCF-IV upon conversion of
the Initial Shares, based on the $8.00 fixed conversion price described above.
Such 5,000,000 shares of Common Stock would constitute approximately 9.0% of the
issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company. This amount excludes (i) an
indeterminate number of additional shares of Common Stock that may be acquired
by SCF-IV upon conversion of the Initial Shares pursuant to market price-based
conversions as described above, or in respect of accrued and unpaid dividends
and (ii) shares of Common Stock that may be acquired upon the conversion of the
Option Shares, since the conversion price for such shares has not been
established.

         The sale of the Series B Preferred Stock and the offer to sell the
Series C Preferred Stock was made in reliance on the exemption from registration
provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

         The foregoing, to the extent it summarizes terms of agreements or
documents, is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of such
documents, copies of which have been filed herewith as exhibits and are
incorporated herein by reference.



                                       7


         ISSUANCE OF PREFERRED STOCK. On May 7, 1999, SCF-IV, L.P., a Delaware
limited partnership ("SCF-IV"), purchased, in a privately negotiated
transaction, 40,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per
share (the "Series B Preferred Stock"), issued by the Company. The consideration
paid by SCF-IV for this issuance was $40,000,000. The net cash proceeds of
approximately $39,452,000 will be used to fund the Company's research and
development projects, to provide additional working capital and for general
corporate purposes. The issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock and the
underlying shares of Common Stock was exempt from the registration requirements
of Section 5 of the Securities Act of 1933 in accordance with Section 4(2) of
that Act.

         On August 3, 1999, SCF-IV notified the Company of its intent to
exercise its option to purchase an additional 15,000 shares of Series C
Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Series C Preferred Stock"),
under the option granted to SCF-IV by the Company in connection with the
purchase of the Series B Preferred Stock. On August 17, 1999, the Company issued
and sold the 15,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock, resulting in net
proceeds to the Company of approximately $15.0 million; the net cash proceeds
are anticipated to be used for the same purposes as the proceeds from the
issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock. The purchase price payable for the
Series C Preferred Stock was $1,000 per share. In addition, within 18 months of
the closing of the sale of the Series B Preferred Stock, the Company may issue
up to 20,000 additional shares of preferred stock ranking in parity to the
Series B and Series C Preferred Stock to other investors at a purchase price of
$1,000 per share. The Series C Preferred Stock has substantially the same terms
as the Series B Preferred Stock except that the denominated conversion price for
the Series C Preferred Stock will be $8.50 per share.

         TERMS OF SERIES B PREFERRED STOCK. The holders of Series B Preferred
Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends of $10.00 per share, per
annum (1% of the liquidation preference) for each share of Series B Preferred
Stock. Each share of Series B Preferred Stock is entitled to a liquidation
preference of $1,000.00 per share, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends.

         The Series B Preferred Stock is convertible at the holder's option
after the first to occur of any of the following (the "Initial Conversion
Date"): (i) the third anniversary of the original date of issuance of such
Shares (the "Issue Date"), (ii) the approval by the Board of Directors of the
Company of an agreement relating to a Business Combination (as defined) or the
consummation of a Business Combination, (iii) a tender offer for Common Stock is
approved or recommended by the Board of Directors of the Company or (iv) the
redemption, repurchase or reacquisition by the Company of rights issued pursuant
to the Company's Stockholder Rights Plan or any waiver of the application of the
Company's Stockholder Rights Plan to any beneficial owner other than SCF-IV or
its affiliates (except as approved by SCF-IV's representative on the Board of
Directors of the Company). After the Initial Conversion Date and prior to the
Mandatory Conversion Date (defined below), the holders of Series B Preferred
Stock will be entitled to convert their shares into a number of fully paid and
nonassessable shares of Common Stock per share equal to, at the option of the
holder, one of, or if not specified by the holder, at the



                                       8


greater of, the following (such amount being referred to as the "Conversion
Ratio"): (a) the quotient of $1,000.00 (plus any accrued and unpaid dividends
through the record date for determining stockholders entitled to vote) divided
by the denominated conversion price of $8.00 (as adjusted from time to time in
accordance with certain anti-dilution provisions) or (b) the quotient of
$1,000.00 increased at a rate of eight percent per annum from the Issue Date,
compounded quarterly, less the amount of cash dividends actually paid through
the applicable conversion date (the "Adjusted Stated Value"), divided by the
average market price for the Common Stock during the ten trading day period
prior to the date of conversion (the "Conversion Ratio").

         On the fifth anniversary of the Issue Date (the "Mandatory Conversion
Date"), each outstanding share of Series B Preferred Stock shall, without any
action on the part of the holder, be converted automatically into a number of
fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock equal to the Conversion
Ratio, provided that a shelf registration statement to be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission covering those shares of Common Stock has
been declared effective.

         In the event of a conversion of Series B Preferred Stock pursuant to
which the Conversion Ratio is determined using clause (b) above, then, provided
that full cumulative dividends have been paid or declared and set apart for
payment upon all outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock for all past
dividend periods, the Company may redeem for cash up to 50% (or such greater
percentage as the holders shall agree) of the shares of Series B Preferred Stock
submitted for conversion at a redemption price per share equal to the Adjusted
Stated Value, in lieu of conversion.

         For financial accounting purposes, based on the terms of the Series B
Preferred Stock, dividends will be recognized as a charge to retained earnings
at the rate of 8% per annum, compounded quarterly. Such preferred dividends will
reduce net earnings available to the common stockholders accordingly.



                                       9