EXHIBIT 3.6

                          CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                       of

                             OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.

      FIRST. Name. The name of the Corporation is Omni Exploration, Inc.

      SECOND. Registered Office. The address of its registered office in the
State of Delaware is 102 Springer Building, 3411 Silverside Road, in
Wilmington, County of New Castle.  The name of its registered agent at such
address is Organization Services, Inc., c/o George Warren, President.

      THIRD. Purposes. The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or
promoted is:

            To engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may
      be organized under the General Corporation Law of Delaware and to do all
      things and execute all powers, rights and privileges which a business
      corporation may now or hereafter be organized or authorized to do or to
      exercise under the laws of the State of Delaware.

      FOURTH. Capitalization. The total number of shares of stock which the
Corporation shall have authority to issue is Thirty-Five Million (35,000,000)
shares, consisting of Ten Million (10,000,000) shares of Preferred Stock with a
par value of $0.01 per share and Twenty-Five Million (25,000,000) shares of
Common Stock with a par value of $0.01 per share.

            (a) The Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or
      more series of any number of shares, provided that the aggregate number of
      shares issued and not cancelled of any and all such series shall not
      exceed the total number of shares of Preferred Stock hereinabove
      authorized. Each series of Preferred Stock shall be distinctively
      designated by letter or descriptive words. All series of Preferred Stock
      shall rank equally and be identical in all respects except as permitted by
      the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Article FOURTH.

            (b) Authority is hereby vested in the Board of Directors from time
      to time to issue the Preferred Stock as Preferred Stock of any series and
      in connection with the creation of such series to fix by resolution or
      resolutions providing for the issue of shares thereof the voting rights,
      if any, the designations, preferences, qualifications, privileges,
      limitations, restrictions, options, conversion rights, and other special
      and relative rights of such series to the full extent now or hereafter
      permitted by this Certificate of Incorporation and the laws of the State
      of Delaware. The authority of the Board with respect to each series shall
      include, but not be limited to, determination of the following:

                  (1) The distinctive designation of such series and the number
            of shares which shall constitute such series, which number may be

                                     - 1 -

            increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof
            then outstanding) from time to time by action of the Board of
            Directors;

                  (2) The dividend rate, if any, of such series, any preferences
            to or provisions in relation to the dividends payable on any other
            class or classes or of any other series of stock whether or not the
            dividends are cumulative or non-cumulative, and any limitations,
            restrictions or conditions on the payment of dividends;

                  (3) Whether the shares of such series shall be subject to
            redemption and, if such shares are subject to redemption, the price
            or prices at which, and the terms and conditions on which, the
            shares of such series may be redeemed by the Corporation;

                  (4) Whether the shares of such series shall be entitled to the
            benefits of a sinking fund to be applied to the purchase or
            redemption of shares of such series and if so entitled, the amount
            of such fund and the manner of its application;

                  (5) The amount or amounts payable upon the shares of such
            series in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of
            the Corporation;

                  (6) Whether the shares of such series shall be made
            convertible into or exchangeable for, shares of any other class or
            classes of stock of the Corporation or shares of any other series of
            Preferred Stock, and, if made so convertible or exchangeable, the
            conversion price or prices, or the rate or rates of exchange, and
            the adjustments thereof, if any, at which such conversion or
            exchange may be made, and any other terms and conditions of such
            conversion or exchange;

                  (7) Whether the shares of such series have any voting powers
            and, if voting powers are so granted, the extent of such voting
            powers;

                  (8) Whether the issue of any additional shares of such series
            or of any future series in addition to such series shall be subject
            to restrictions in addition to the restrictions, if any, on the
            issue of additional shares imposed in the resolution or resolutions
            fixing the terms of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock
            theretofore issued pursuant to this Article FOURTH, and if subject
            to additional restrictions, the extent of such additional
            restrictions; and

                  (9) Any other relative rights, preferences and limitations of
            that series.

            (c) Except as otherwise provided by law, or this Certificate of
      Incorporation or by the resolution or resolutions providing for the issue
      of any series of Preferred Stock, the holders of shares of Preferred
      Stock, as such

                                     - 2 -

      holders, (i) shall not have any right to vote, and are hereby specifically
      excluded from the right to vote, in the election of directors or for any
      other purpose, and (ii) shall not be entitled to notice of any meeting of
      stockholders.

      FIFTH. Incorporator. The name and mailing address of the incorporator are
as follows:

                  NAME                         MAILING ADDRESS
                  ----                         ---------------
            Thomas J. Sharbaugh          38th Floor Centre Square West
                                            Philadelphia, PA  19102

      SIXTH. Additional Powers of Board of Directors. The Board of Directors
shall have power, without stockholder action, to make By-Laws for the
Corporation and to amend, alter or repeal any By-Laws.

      The powers and authorities herein conferred upon the Board of Directors
are in furtherance and not in limitation of those conferred by the laws of the
State of Delaware. In addition to the powers and authorities herein or by
statute expressly conferred upon it, the Board of Directors may exercise all
such powers and do all such acts and things as may be exercised or done by the
Corporation, subject, nevertheless, to the provisions of the laws of the State
of Delaware, of this Certificate of Incorporation and of the By-Laws of the
Corporation.

      SEVENTH. Voting by Ballot. Elections of Directors need not be by ballot
unless the By-Laws of the Corporation provide otherwise.

      EIGHTH. Right to Amend Certificate of Incorporation. The Corporation
reserves the right at any time and from time to time to amend, alter, change or
repeal any provision contained in this Certificate of Incorporation, and other
provisions authorized by the laws of the State of Delaware at the time in force
may be added or inserted in this Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now
or hereafter prescribed by law; and all rights, preferences and privileges of
whatsoever nature conferred upon stockholders, directors or any other persons
whomsoever by and pursuant tot his Certificate of Incorporation in its present
form or as hereafter amended are granted subject to the right reserved in this
Article EIGHTH.

      THE UNDERSIGNED, being the incorporator hereinbefore named, for the
purpose of forming a corporation pursuant to the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware does make this Certificate, hereby declaring and certifying
that this is my act and deed and the facts herein stated are true, and
accordingly have hereunto set my hand this 4th day of May, 1981.


                                       /s/ Thomas J. Sharbaugh            (SEAL)
                                       -----------------------------------

                                     - 3 -

                            CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT

                                       OF

                          CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

      Omni Exploration, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under and by
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

      FIRST: That at a meeting of the Board of Directors of said corporation,
resolutions were duly adopted setting forth a proposed amendment to the
Certificate of Incorporation of said corporation, declaring said amendment to be
advisable and calling a meeting of stockholders for consideration thereof. The
resolution setting forth the proposed amendment is as follows:

            RESOLVED, that Article THIRD of the Certificate of Incorporation of
      the Corporation be amended to read as follows:

            The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted
      is:

                  Primarily, to engage in the production of oil and gas, but the
            Corporation is also authorized and empowered to engage in any other
            lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under
            the General Corporation Law of Delaware and to do all things and
            execute all powers, rights and privileges which a business
            corporation may now or hereafter be organized or authorized to do or
            to exercise under the laws of the State of Delaware.

      and further

            RESOLVED, that the first paragraph of Article FOURTH of the
      Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation be amended to read as
      follows:

                  The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation
            shall have authority to issue is Sixty Million (60,000,000) shares,
            consisting of Fifty Million (50,000,000) shares of Common Stock with
            a par value of $0.01 per share and Ten Million (10,000,000) shares
            of Preferred Stock with a par value of $0.01 per share.

      SECOND: That thereafter, pursuant to resolution of its Board of Directors,
an annual meeting of the stockholders of said corporation was duly called and
held, upon notice and in accordance with Section 222 of the General Corporation
Law of the State of Delaware, at which meeting the necessary number of shares as
required by statute were voted in favor of the amendment.

                                     - 1 -

      THIRD: That the aforesaid amendment was duly adopted in accordance with
the applicable provisions of Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware.

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Omni Exploration, Inc. has caused this certificate to
be signed by Gerald Griffin, its President and attested by Stanley Schwartz,
Jr., its Secretary, this 5th day of May, 1986.

                                    OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.


                                    By:         /s/ Gerald Griffin
                                         ---------------------------------
                                             Gerald Griffin, President

ATTEST:

By:  /s/ Stanley Schwartz, Jr.
     ----------------------------
        Stanley Schwartz, Jr.
        Secretary

                                     - 2 -

                            CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT

                                       OF

                          CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

      Omni Exploration, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under and by
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

      FIRST: That at a meeting of the Board of Directors of said corporation,
resolutions were duly adopted setting forth proposed amendment to the
Certificate of Incorporation of said corporation, declaring said amendments to
be advisable and calling a meeting of stockholders for consideration thereof.
The resolutions setting forth the proposed amendment are as follows:

            RESOLVED, that Article NINTH of the Certificate of Incorporation be
            added and approved to read in its entirety as follows:

                  NINTH. A director of this Corporation shall not be personally
                  liable for monetary damages to the Corporation or its
                  stockholders for breach of any fiduciary duty as a director,
                  except for liability (i) for any breach of the director's duty
                  of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for
                  acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve
                  intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii)
                  under Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law or
                  (iv) for any transaction from which the director derives an
                  improper personal benefit. If the Delaware General Corporation
                  Law is amended after approval by the stockholders of this
                  Article to authorize corporate action further eliminating or
                  limiting the personal liability of directors, then the
                  liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated
                  or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware
                  General Corporation Law, as so amended. The foregoing
                  limitation on liability shall not apply to acts or omissions
                  occurring prior to the effective date of this Article Ninth.

      SECOND: That thereafter, pursuant to resolution of its Board of Directors,
an annual meeting of the stockholders of said corporation was duly called and
held, upon notice and in accordance with Section 222 of the General Corporation
Law of the State of Delaware, at which meeting the necessary number of shares as
required by statute were voted in favor of the amendments.

      THIRD: That the aforesaid amendments were duly adopted in accordance with
the applicable provisions of Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware.

                                     - 1 -

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Omni Exploration, Inc. has caused this certificate
to be signed by Harold L. Levin, its Chairman of the Board, and attested by
Stanley Schwartz, Jr., its Secretary, this 7th day of August, 1987.

                                    OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.


                                    By:         /s/ Harold L. Levin
                                         -----------------------------------
                                                  Harold L. Levin
                                               Chairman of the Board

ATTEST:

By:  /s/ Stanley Schwartz, Jr.
     --------------------------
        Stanley Schwartz, Jr.
        Secretary


                                     - 2 -

                    CERTIFICATE OF CHANGE OF REGISTERED AGENT

                                       AND

                                REGISTERED OFFICE

                                    * * * * *

OMNI EXPLORATION, INC., a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue
of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware,
DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

      The present registered agent of the corporation is ORGANIZATION SERVICES,
INC. and the present registered office of the corporation is in the county of
New Castle. The Executive Committee of The Board of Directors of OMNI
EXPLORATION, INC. adopted the following resolution on the 26th day of October
1987.

            Resolved, that the registered office of OMNI EXPLORATION, INC. in
      the state of Delaware be and it hereby is changed to Corporation Trust
      Center, 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, County of New
      Castle, and the authorization of the present registered agent of this
      corporation be and the same is hereby withdrawn, and THE CORPORATION TRUST
      COMPANY, shall be and is hereby constituted and appointed the registered
      agent of this corporation at the address of its registered office.

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, OMNI EXPLORATION, INC. has caused this statement to be
signed by Richard Blackstone, its Vice President and attested by Stanley
Schwartz, Jr., its Secretary this 26th day of October 1986.

                                    By      /s/ Richard Blackstone
                                       --------------------------------
                                                Vice President
                                              Richard Blackstone

ATTEST:

By    /s/ Stanley Schwartz, Jr.
  ----------------------------------
             Secretary
       Stanley Schwartz, Jr.

                          CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION OF
              PREFERENCES AND RIGHTS OF SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK OF
                             OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.

                          ----------------------------
                         PURSUANT TO SECTION 151 OF THE
                GENERAL CORPORATION LAW OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
                          ----------------------------

      OMNI EXPLORATION, INC., a Delaware corporation (the "Corporation"),
certifies that pursuant to the authority contained in Article FOURTH of its
Certificate of Incorporation, and in accordance with the provisions of Section
151 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, its Board of
Directors has adopted the following resolution creating a series of its
Preferred Stock designated Series A Preferred Stock:

            RESOLVED, that pursuant to the authority vested in the Board of
      Directors of this Corporation by its Certificate of Incorporation, the
      Board hereby designates and authorizes for issuance 200,000 shares of
      Series A Preferred Stock, which shall have the relative rights,
      preferences and limitations set forth as follows:

            SECTION 1.  Designation.  The series of Preferred Stock shall be
      designated and known as "Series A Preferred Stock."  The number of
      shares constituting the Series A Preferred Stock shall be 200,000.

            SECTION 2. Liquidation Rights. In the event of any voluntary or
      involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the affairs of the
      corporation, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to
      receive, prior and in preference to any distributions of any of the assets
      or surplus funds of the corporation to the holders of the Common Stock of
      the corporation, by reason of their ownership thereof, an amount equal to
      $15 per share.

            All of the preferential amounts to be paid to the holders of the
      Series A Preferred Stock under this Section 2 shall be paid or set apart
      for payment before the payment or setting apart for payment of any amount
      for, or the distribution of any assets of the corporation to, the holders
      of the Common Stock in connection with such liquidation, dissolution or
      winding-up. After the payment or the setting apart of payment to the
      holders of the Series A Preferred Stock of the preferential amounts so
      payable to them, the holders of the Common Stock shall share ratably all
      remaining assets of the corporation with no right of participation
      accruing to any holder of Series A Preferred Stock.

            If the assets or surplus funds to be distributed to the holders of
      the Series A Preferred Stock are insufficient to permit the payment to
      such holders of their full preferential amount, the assets and surplus
      funds legally available for distribution shall be distributed ratably
      among the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock in proportion to the
      full preferential amount each such holder is otherwise entitled to
      receive.


            SECTION 3.  Conversion.  The holders of shares of Series A
      Preferred Stock shall have conversion rights as follows (the
      "Conversion Rights"):

                  (a) Right to Convert. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock
            shall be convertible, without the payment of any additional
            consideration by the holder thereof and at the option of the holder
            thereof at the office of the corporation or any transfer agent for
            the Series A Preferred Stock, into such number of fully paid and
            nonassessable shares of Common Stock as is determined by dividing
            fifteen dollars ($15) by the Series A Conversion Price, determined
            as hereinafter provided, in effect at the time of conversion. The
            conversion price at which shares of Common Stock shall be
            deliverable upon conversion of Series A Preferred Stock without the
            payment of any additional consideration by the holder thereof (the
            "Series A Conversion Price") shall initially be one dollar and fifty
            five cents ($1.55). Such initial Series A Conversion Price shall be
            subject to adjustment, in order to adjust the number of shares of
            Common Stock into which the Series A Preferred Stock is convertible,
            as hereinafter provided.

                  (b) Mechanics of Conversion. No fractional shares of Common
            Stock shall be issued upon conversion of the Series A Preferred
            Stock. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would
            otherwise be entitled, the corporation shall pay cash equal to such
            fraction multiplied by the average of the highest ask price and the
            lowest bid price (or average of the highest price and lowest price
            for the Common Stock, if the shares a listed on an exchange or
            quoted on an automated quotation system) for the trading day
            immediately prior to the date the duly endorsed stock certificate
            for the shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be converted are
            properly surrendered to the corporation. Before any holder of Series
            A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to convert the same into full
            shares of Common Stock, he shall surrender the certificate or
            certificates therefor, duly endorsed, at the office of the
            corporation or of any transfer agent for the Series A Preferred
            Stock, and shall give written notice to the corporation at such
            office that he elects to convert the same and shall state therein
            his name or the name or names of his nominees in which he wishes the
            certificate or certificates for shares of Common Stock to be issued.
            The corporation shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, issue and
            deliver at such office to such holder of Series A Preferred Stock,
            or to his nominee or nominees, a certificate or certificates for the
            number of shares of Common Stock to which he shall be entitled as
            aforesaid, together with cash in lieu of any fraction of a share.
            Such conversion shall be deemed to have been made immediately prior
            to the close of business on the date of such surrender of the shares
            of Series A Preferred Stock to be converted, and the person or
            persons entitled to receive the shares of Common Stock issuable upon
            conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or
            holders of such shares of Common Stock on such date.

                  (c) Adjustments to Series A Conversion Price for Diluting
            Issues:

                        (i) Special Definitions. For purposes of this Subsection
                  3(c) the following definitions shall apply:

                                     - 2 -

                              (1) "Option" shall mean rights, options or
                        warrants to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire
                        either Common Stock or Convertible Securities.

                              (2) "Original Issue Date" for the Series A
                        Preferred Stock shall mean the date on which the first
                        share of said Series A Preferred Stock was originally
                        issued.

                              (3) "Convertible Securities" shall mean any
                        evidences of indebtedness, shares (other than Common
                        stock and Series A Preferred Stock) or other securities
                        directly or indirectly convertible into or exchangeable
                        for Common Stock.

                              (4) "Additional Shares of Common Stock" shall mean
                        all shares of Common Stock issued (or, pursuant to
                        Subsection 3(c)(iii), deemed to be issued) by the
                        corporation after the Original Issue Date, but shall not
                        include shares of Common Stock issued or issuable:

                                    (A) upon conversion of shares of Series A
                              Preferred Stock; and

                                    (B) by way of dividend or other distribution
                              on shares of Common Stock excluded from the
                              definition of Additional Shares of Common Stock by
                              the foregoing clause (A) or this clause (B) or on
                              shares of Common Stock so excluded.

                        (ii) No adjustment of Series A Conversion Price. No
                  adjustment in the number of shares of Common Stock into which
                  the Series A Preferred Stock is convertible shall be made, by
                  adjustment in the Series A Conversion Price in respect of the
                  issuance of Additional Shares of Common Stock or otherwise,
                  unless the consideration per share for an Additional Share of
                  Common Stock issued or deemed to be issued by the corporation
                  is less than the Series A Conversion Price in effect on the
                  date of, and immediately prior to, the issue of such
                  Additional Share.

                        (iii) Issue of Securities Deemed Issue of Additional
                  Shares of Common Stock.

                              (1) Options and Convertible Securities. In the
                        event the corporation at any time or from time to time
                        after the Original Issue Date shall issue any Options or
                        Convertible Securities or shall fix a record date for
                        the determination of holders of any class of securities
                        entitled to receive any such Options or Convertible
                        Securities, then the maximum number of shares (as set
                        forth in the instrument relating thereto without regard
                        to any provisions contained therein for a subsequent
                        adjustment of such number) of

                                     - 3 -

                        Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of such Options
                        or, in the case of Convertible Securities and Options
                        therefore, the conversion or exchange of such
                        Convertible Securities, shall be deemed to be Additional
                        Shares of Common Stock issued as of the time of such
                        issue or, in case such a record date shall have been
                        fixed, as of the close of business on such record date,
                        provided that Additional Shares of Common Stock shall
                        not be deemed to have been issued unless the
                        consideration per share (determined pursuant to
                        Subsection 3(c)(v) hereof), of such Additional Shares of
                        Common Stock would be less than the Series A Conversion
                        Price in effect on the date of and immediately prior to
                        such issue, or such record date, as the case may be, and
                        provided further that in any such case in which
                        Additional Shares of Common Stock are deemed to be
                        issued:

                                    (A) no further adjustment in the Series A
                              Conversion Price shall be made upon the subsequent
                              issue of Convertible Securities or shares of
                              Common Stock upon the exercise of such Options or
                              conversion or exchange of such Convertible
                              Securities;

                                    (B) if such Options or Convertible
                              Securities by their terms provide, with the
                              passage of time or otherwise, for any increase in
                              the consideration payable to the corporation, or
                              decrease in the number of shares of Common Stock
                              issuable, upon the exercise, conversion or
                              exchange thereof, the Series A Conversion Price
                              computed upon the original issue thereof (or upon
                              the occurrence of a record date with respect
                              thereto), and any subsequent adjustments based
                              thereon, shall, upon any such increase or decrease
                              becoming effective, be recomputed to reflect such
                              increase or decrease insofar as it affects such
                              Options or the rights of conversion or exchange
                              under such Convertible Securities;

                                    (C) upon the expiration of any such options
                              or any rights of conversion or exchange under such
                              Convertible Securities that shall not have been
                              exercised, the Series A Conversion Price computed
                              upon the original issue thereof (or upon the
                              occurrence of a record date with respect thereto),
                              and any subsequent adjustments based thereon,
                              shall upon such expiration, be recomputed as if:

                                          (I) in the case of Convertible
                                    Securities or Options for Common Stock the
                                    only Additional Shares of Common Stock
                                    issued were the shares of Common Stock, if
                                    any, actually issued upon the

                                     - 4 -

                                    exercise of such Options or the conversion
                                    or exchange of such Convertible Securities
                                    and the consideration received therefor was
                                    the consideration actually received by the
                                    corporation for the issue of all such
                                    Options, whether or not exercised, plus the
                                    consideration actually received by the
                                    corporation upon such exercise, or for the
                                    issue of all such Convertible Securities
                                    which were actually converted or exchanged,
                                    plus the additional consideration, if any,
                                    actually received by the corporation upon
                                    such conversion or exchange, and

                                          (II) in the case of Options for
                                    Convertible Securities only the Convertible
                                    Securities, if any, actually issued upon the
                                    exercise thereof were issued at the time of
                                    issue of such Options, and the consideration
                                    received by the corporation for the
                                    Additional Shares of Common Stock deemed to
                                    have been then issued was the consideration
                                    actually received by the corporation for the
                                    issue of all such Options, whether or not
                                    exercised, plus the consideration deemed to
                                    have been received by the corporation
                                    (determined pursuant to Subsection 3(c)(v))
                                    upon the issue of the Convertible Securities
                                    with respect to which such Options were
                                    actually exercised;

                                    (D) no readjustment pursuant to clause (B)
                              or (C) above shall have the effect of increasing
                              the Series A Conversion Price to an amount which
                              exceeds the lower of (i) the Series A Conversion
                              Price on the original adjustment date, or, (ii)
                              the Series A Conversion Price that would have
                              resulted from any issuance of Additional Shares of
                              Common Stock between the original adjustment date
                              and such readjustment date;

                                    (E) in the case of any Options which expire
                              by their terms not more than 30 days after the
                              date of issue thereof, no adjustment of the Series
                              A Conversion Price shall be made until the
                              expiration or exercise of all such Options,
                              whereupon such adjustment shall be made in the
                              same manner provided in clause (C) above; and

                                    (F) if such record date shall have been
                              fixed and such Options or Convertible Securities
                              are not issued on the date fixed therefor, the
                              adjustment previously made in the Series A
                              Conversion Price which became effective on such

                                     - 5 -

                              record date shall be canceled as of the close of
                              business on such record date, and thereafter the
                              Series A Conversion Price shall be adjusted
                              pursuant to this Subsection 3(c)(iii) as of the
                              actual date of their issuance.

                              (2) Stock Dividends, Stock Distributions and
                        Subdivisions. In the event the corporation at any time
                        or from time to time after the Original Issue Date shall
                        declare or pay any dividend or make any other
                        distribution on the Common Stock payable in Common
                        Stock, or effect a subdivision of the outstanding shares
                        of Common Stock (by reclassification or otherwise than
                        by payment of a dividend in Common Stock), then and in
                        any such event, Additional Shares of Common Stock shall
                        be deemed to have been issued:

                                    (A) in the case of any such dividend or
                              distribution, immediately after the close of
                              business on the record date for the determination
                              of holders of any class of securities entitled to
                              receive such dividend or distribution, or

                                    (B) in the case of any such subdivision, at
                              the close of business on the date immediately
                              prior to the date upon which such corporate action
                              becomes effective.

                        If such record date shall have been fixed and such
                        dividend shall not have been fully paid on the date
                        fixed therefor, the adjustment previously made in the
                        Series A Conversion Price which became effective on such
                        record date shall be canceled as of the close of
                        business on such record date, and thereafter the Series
                        A Conversion Price shall be adjusted pursuant to this
                        Subsection 3(c)(vi) as of the time of actual payment of
                        such dividend.

                        (iv) Adjustment of Series A Conversion Price of Series A
                  Preferred Stock Upon Issuance of Additional Shares on Common
                  Stock. In the event the corporation shall issue Additional
                  Shares of Common Stock (including Additional Shares of Common
                  Stock deemed to be issued pursuant to SUBSECTION 3(c)(iii),
                  without consideration or for a consideration per share less
                  than the Series A Conversion Price for shares of Series A
                  Preferred Stock in effect on the date of and immediately prior
                  to such issue, then and in such event, such Series A
                  Conversion Price for shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall
                  be reduced, concurrently with such issue, to a price
                  (calculated to the nearest cent) equal to the consideration
                  per share for which such Additional Shares are issued.

                        (v) Determination of Consideration. For purposes of this
                  SUBSECTION 3(c), the consideration received by the corporation
                  for the

                                     - 6 -

                  issue of any Additional Shares of Common Stock shall be
                  computed as follows:

                              (1) Cash and Property. Such consideration shall:

                                    (A) insofar as it consists of cash, be
                              computed at the aggregate amount of cash received
                              by the corporation excluding amounts paid or
                              payable for accrued interest or accrued dividends;

                                    (B) insofar as it consists of property other
                              than cash, be computed at the fair value thereof
                              at the time of such issue, as determined in good
                              faith by the Board of Directors; and

                                    (C) in the event Additional Shares of Common
                              Stock are issued together with other shares or
                              securities or other assets of the corporation for
                              consideration which covers both, be the proportion
                              of such consideration so received, computed as
                              provided in clauses (A) and (B) above, as
                              determined in good faith by the Board of
                              Directors.

                              (2) Options and Convertible Securities. The
                        consideration per share received by the corporation for
                        Additional Shares of Common Stock deemed to have been
                        issued pursuant to SUBSECTION 3(c)(iii)(1), relating to
                        Options and Convertible Securities, shall be determined
                        by dividing

                                    (A) the total amounts, if any, received or
                              receivable by the corporation as consideration for
                              the issue of such Options or Convertible
                              Securities, plus the minimum aggregate amount of
                              additional consideration (as set forth in the
                              instruments relating thereto, without regard to
                              any provision contained therein for a subsequent
                              adjustment of such consideration) payable to the
                              corporation upon the exercise of such Options or
                              the conversion or exchange of such Convertible
                              Securities, or in the case of Options for
                              Convertible Securities, the exercise of such
                              Options for Convertible Securities and the
                              conversion or exchange of such Convertible
                              Securities, by

                                    (B) the maximum number of shares of Common
                              Stock (as set forth in the instruments relating
                              thereto, without regard to any provision contained
                              therein for a subsequent adjustment of such
                              number) issuable upon the

                                     - 7 -

                              exercise of such Options or the conversion or
                              exchange of such Convertible Securities.

                        (vi) Adjustments for Dividends, Distributions,
                  Subdivisions, Combinations or Consolidation of Common Stock.

                              (1) Stock Dividends, Stock Distributions or
                        Subdivisions. In the event the corporation shall issue
                        Additional Shares of Common Stock pursuant to SUBSECTION
                        3(c)(iii)(2) in a stock dividend, stock distribution or
                        subdivision, the Series A Conversion Price in effect
                        immediately prior to such stock dividend, stock
                        distribution or subdivision shall, concurrently with the
                        effectiveness of such stock dividend, stock distribution
                        or subdivision, be proportionately increased.

                              (2) Combinations or Consolidations. In the event
                        the outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be combined
                        or consolidated, by reclassification or otherwise, into
                        a lesser number of shares of Common Stock, the Series A
                        Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such
                        combination or consolidation shall, concurrently with
                        the effectiveness of such combination or consolidation,
                        be proportionately decreased.

                        (vii) Adjustment for Merger or Reorganization, etc. In
                  case of any consolidation or merger of the corporation with or
                  into another corporation or the conveyance of all or
                  substantially all of the assets of the corporation to another
                  corporation, each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall
                  thereafter be convertible into the number of shares of stock
                  or other securities or property to which a holder of the
                  number of shares of Common Stock of the corporation
                  deliverable upon conversion of such Series A Preferred Stock
                  would have been entitled upon such consolidation, merger, or
                  conveyance; and, in any such case, appropriate adjustment (as
                  determined by the Board of Directors) shall be made in the
                  application of the provisions herein set forth with respect to
                  the rights and interest thereafter of the holders of the
                  Series A Preferred Stock, to the end that the provisions set
                  forth herein (including provisions with respect to changes in
                  and other adjustments of the Series A Conversion Price) shall
                  thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in
                  relation to any shares of stock or other property thereafter
                  deliverable upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred
                  Stock.

                  (d) No Impairment. The corporation will not, by amendment of
            its Articles of Incorporation or through any reorganization,
            transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or
            sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to
            avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms to be
            observed or performed hereunder by the corporation but will at all
            times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all the provisions
            of this SECTION 3

                                     - 8 -

            and in the taking of all such action as may be necessary or
            appropriate in order to protect the Series A Conversion Rights of
            the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock against impairment.

                  (e) Certificate as to Adjustments. Upon the occurrence of each
            adjustment or readjustment of the Series A Conversion Price pursuant
            to this SECTION 3, the corporation at its expense shall promptly
            compute such adjustment or readjustment in accordance with the terms
            hereof and furnish to each holder of Series A Preferred Stock a
            certificate setting forth such adjustment or readjustment and
            showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment or
            readjustment is based. The corporation shall, upon the written
            request at any time of any holder of Series A Preferred Stock,
            furnish or cause to be furnished to such holder a like certificate
            setting forth (i) such adjustments and readjustments, (ii) the
            Series A Conversion Price at the time in effect, and (iii) the
            number of shares of Common Stock and the amount, if any, of other
            property which at the time would be received upon the conversion of
            Series A Preferred Stock.

                  (f) Notice of Record Date. In the event of any taking by the
            corporation of a record of the holders of any class of securities
            for the purpose of determining the holders thereof who are entitled
            to receive any dividend (other than a cash dividend which is the
            same as cash dividends paid in previous quarters) or other
            distribution, the corporation shall mail to each holder of Series A
            Preferred Stock at least ten (10) days prior to the date specified
            herein, a notice specifying the date on which any such record is to
            be taken for the purpose of such dividend or distribution.

                  (g) Common Stock Reserved. The corporation shall reserve and
            keep available, out of its authorized Common Stock, such number of
            shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to
            effect conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock.

            SECTION 4. Mandatory Conversion. Upon the third anniversary of the
      initial issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock, the holders of shares of
      Series A Preferred Stock will be required to convert their shares of
      Series A Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock at the Series A
      Conversion Price in effect on the third anniversary of the initial
      issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock. On the third anniversary of the
      initial issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock, outstanding shares of
      Series A Preferred Stock will represent only the right to receive the
      number of shares of Common Stock into which such shares are convertible.

            SECTION 5.  Voting Rights.

                  (a) Voting Rights. Except as otherwise provided by law, the
            holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock and the holders of
            Common Stock shall be entitled to vote upon any matter submitted to
            a shareholder for a vote on the following basis:

                                     - 9 -

                        (i)   holders of Common Stock shall have one vote per
                  share; and

                        (ii) holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall have that
                  number of votes per share as is equal to the number of shares
                  of Common Stock into which each such share of Series A
                  Preferred Stock held by such holder is convertible on the
                  record date of the shareholder meeting.

                  (b) Notice. The holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall,
            concurrent with holders of Common Stock, be entitled to receive
            notice of all meetings of the shareholders.

                  (c) Class Voting. There shall be no class voting except as
            required by law.

            SECTION 6. Cash Dividend Rights. Each share of Series A Preferred
      Stock shall participate in cash dividends out of assets of the corporation
      legally available for payment, when and as declared, to be paid on the
      Common Stock, as if such share of Series A Preferred Stock were fully
      converted into shares of Common Stock on the record date for the cash
      dividend on the Common Stock. No cash dividends shall be declared or paid,
      per share, on the Common Stock unless at the same time a like amount of
      cash dividends per share of Common Stock into which an outstanding share
      of Series A Preferred Stock is convertible is paid on each outstanding
      share of Series A Preferred Stock.

            SECTION 7.  Redemption Rights.

                  (a) Right of Redemption. Share of Series A Preferred Stock may
            be redeemed at the election of the corporation as a whole or from
            time to time in part at any time after the date of the first share
            of Series A Preferred Stock is issued, and the Redemption Price as
            specified in SUBSECTION 7(b).

                  (b) Redemption Price. The Redemption price for shares of
            Series A Preferred Stock shall be $18.00 per share.

                  (c) Notice of Redemption. The corporation will mail by
            registered mail written notice of each redemption of Series A
            Preferred Stock to each record holder of Series A Preferred Stock
            not more than 50 nor less than 30 days prior to the date on which
            such redemption is to be made. Upon mailing any notice of redemption
            which relates to a redemption at the corporation's option, the
            corporation will become obligated to redeem the total number of
            Series A Preferred Stock specified therein at the time of redemption
            specified therein (the "Redemption Date"). In case fewer than the
            total number of Series A Preferred Stock represented by any
            certificate are redeemed, the corporation will issue a new
            certificate representing the number of unredeemed Series A Preferred
            Stock to the holder thereof without cost to such holder.

                                     - 10 -

                  (d) Dividends After Redemption Date. No share of Series A
            Preferred Stock is entitled to any cash dividends accruing after its
            Redemption Date. On such Redemption Date, all rights of the holder
            of such share will cease, and such share will not be deemed to be
            outstanding.

                  (e) Redeemed or Otherwise Acquired Series A Preferred Stock.
            Any share of Series A Preferred Stock that is redeemed or otherwise
            acquired by the corporation will be canceled and will not be
            reissued, sold or transferred.

                  (f) Determination of the Number of Shares to Be Redeemed from
            Each Holder. Except as otherwise provided herein, the number of
            shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be redeemed from each holder
            thereof in redemptions hereunder will be the number of Series A
            Preferred Stock determined by multiplying the total number of Series
            A Preferred Stock to be redeemed times a fraction, the numerator of
            which will be the total number of Series A Preferred Stock then held
            by such holder and the denominator of which will be the total of
            Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding.

            SECTION 8. Residual Rights. All rights accruing to the outstanding
      shares of the corporation not expressly provided for to the contrary
      herein shall be vested in the Common Stock.

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, OMNI EXPLORATION, INC. has caused this Certificate of
Designation of Preferences and Rights of Series A Preferred Stock to be duly
executed by its President and attested to by its Secretary and has caused its
corporate seal to be affixed hereto, this 29th day of September, 1992.

                                         OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.

                                         By:      /s/ Michael R. Gilbert
                                              -------------------------------
                                               Michael R. Gilbert, President

(Corporate Seal)


ATTEST:

           /s/ Susan H. Rader
- -----------------------------------------
       Susan H. Rader, Secretary

                                     - 11 -

                            CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
                                       OF
                          CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
                                       OF
                             OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.

      OMNI EXPLORATION, INC., a corporation organized and existing under and
by virtue of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, does hereby certify:

      FIRST: That Board of Directors of OMNI EXPLORATION, INC. duly adopted
resolutions setting forth an amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of
said corporation (the "Amendment"), declaring the Amendment to be advisable and
calling for the submission of the proposed Amendment to the stockholders of the
Corporation for consideration thereof. The resolution setting forth the proposed
Amendment is as follows:

            RESOLVED, that Article FOURTH of the Certificate of Incorporation of
      this Corporation be amended to add a new paragraph at the end of Article
      FOURTH, which new paragraph shall read in its entirety as follows:

                  As of the effectiveness of this Certificate of Amendment (the
            "Effective Time"), each outstanding share of Common Stock of the
            Corporation issued immediately prior to the Effective Time
            (including shares held in the treasury of the Corporation) shall
            automatically be reclassified as and changed into 1/1000th of a
            share of Common Stock of the Corporation, par value $0.01 per share,
            without any action on the part of the holder thereof; provided,
            however, that fractional shares of Common Stock will not be issued
            and each person who otherwise would hold a fractional share of
            Common Stock after the Effective Time shall be entitled to receive
            in lieu thereof cash in the amount equal to such fractional interest
            multiplied by $90.00.

      SECOND: That thereafter pursuant to a resolution of the Board of
Directors, an annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation was duly
called and held, upon notice in accordance with Section 222 of the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware at which meeting the necessary number
of shares as required by statute were voted in favor of the Amendment.

      THIRD: That the Amendment was duly adopted in accordance with the
provisions of Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware.

      FOURTH: That the Effective Time of this Amendment shall be 4:35 p.m.
Eastern Daylight Time on the date this Certificate of Amendment is filed with
the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

                                     - 1 -

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, OMNI EXPLORATION, INC. has caused this certificate to
be signed by Michael R. Gilbert, its President, and Susan H. Rader, its
Secretary, this 29th day of September, 1992.


                                           OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.

                                           By:    /s/ Michael R. Gilbert
                                               ------------------------------
                                                Michael R. Gilbert, President

ATTEST:  /s/ Susan H. Rader
         --------------------------------
         Susan H. Rader, Secretary


                                     - 2 -

                            CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
                                       OF
                          CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
                                       OF
                             OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.

      OMNI EXPLORATION, INC., a corporation organized and existing under and
by virtue of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, does hereby certify:

      FIRST: That the Board of Directors of OMNI EXPLORATION, INC. duly adopted
resolutions setting forth an amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of
said corporation (the "Amendment"), declaring the Amendment to be advisable and
calling for the submission of the proposed Amendment to the stockholders of the
Corporation for consideration thereof. The resolution setting forth the proposed
Amendment is as follows:

            RESOLVED, that Article FOURTH of the Certificate of Incorporation of
      this Corporation be amended to add a new paragraph at the end of Article
      FOURTH, which new paragraph shall read in its entirety as follows:

                  As of the effectiveness of this Certificate of Amendment (the
            "Effective Time"), each outstanding share of Common Stock, par value
            $0.01 per share, of the Corporation issued immediately prior to the
            Effective Time (including shares held in the treasury of the
            Corporation) shall automatically be reclassified as and changed into
            70 validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common
            Stock of the Corporation, par value $0.01 per share, without any
            action on the part of the holder hereof. Upon the effectiveness of
            this amendment, each certificate representing shares of Common Stock
            immediately prior to the effectiveness of this amendment shall
            represent such number of shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per
            share, as is equal to such number of shares of Common Stock held
            immediately prior to the effectiveness of this amendment multiplied
            by 70.

      SECOND: That thereafter pursuant to a resolution of the Board of
Directors, an annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation was duly
called and held, upon notice in accordance with Section 222 of the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware at which meeting the necessary number
of shares as required by statute were voted in favor of the Amendment.

      THIRD: That the Amendment was duly adopted in accordance with the
provisions of Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware.

      FOURTH: That the Effective Time of this Amendment shall be 4:45 p.m.
Eastern Daylight Time on the date this Certificate of Amendment is filed with
the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

      IN WITNESS WHEREOF, OMNI EXPLORATION, INC. has caused this certificate
to be signed by Michael R. Gilbert, its President, and Susan H. Rader, its
Secretary, this 29th Day of September, 1992.


                                         OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.

                                         By:       /s/ Michael R. Gilbert
                                              --------------------------------
                                                Michael R. Gilbert, President

ATTEST:         /s/ Susan H. Rader
           -----------------------------
           Susan H. Rader, Secretary

                                     - 2 -

                              CERTIFICATE OF MERGER
                                       OF
                             CAIRN ENERGY USA, INC.
                            (A DELAWARE CORPORATION)
                                      INTO
                             OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.
                            (A DELAWARE CORPORATION)

      The undersigned corporation organized and existing under the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware hereby certifies that:

      FIRST:  That the name and state of incorporation of each of the
constituent corporations to the merger are as follows:

                NAME                             STATE OF INCORPORATION
                ----                             ----------------------
      CAIRN ENERGY USA, INC.                            Delaware
      OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.                            Delaware

      SECOND: That an Agreement and Plan of merger between the parties to the
merger has been approved, adopted, certified, executed and acknowledged by each
of the constituent corporations in accordance with the requirements of Section
251 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

      THIRD: That the surviving corporation in the merger is OMNI EXPLORATION,
INC.

      FOURTH: That the Certificate of Incorporation of OMNI EXPLORATION, INC. in
effect immediately prior to the merger shall be the Certificate of Incorporation
of the surviving corporation; except that, upon the effectiveness of this
Certificate of Merger, Article FIRST of the surviving corporation's Certificate
of Incorporation shall be amended to read in its entirety as follows:

            FIRST. Name. The name of the Corporation is Cairn Energy USA, Inc.

      FIFTH: That the executed Agreement and Plan of Merger is on file at the
principal place of business of the surviving corporation, which is located at
8325 Douglas Ave., Suite 1221, Dallas, Texas 75225.

      SIXTH: That a copy of the Agreement and Plan of Merger will be furnished
by the surviving corporation, on request and without cost, to any stockholder of
any constituent corporation.

      SEVENTH: That the effective time of this Certificate of Merger shall be
4:55 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time on the date this Certificate of Merger is filed
with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

Dated September 29, 1992


                                         OMNI EXPLORATION, INC.

                                         By:        /s/ Michael R. Gilbert
                                              ---------------------------------
                                                Michael R. Gilbert, President

ATTEST:      /s/ Susan H. Rader
        ------------------------------
          Susan H. Rader, Secretary





                                     - 2 -

                            CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION
              FILED TO CORRECT A CERTAIN INACCURACY OR ERROR IN THE
        CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION OF PREFERENCES AND RIGHTS OF SERIES A
                                 PREFERRED STOCK
                                       OF
                             CAIRN ENERGY USA, INC.


      Cairn Energy USA, Inc., formerly Omni Exploration, Inc. and a
corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware,

      DOES HEREBY CERTIFY THAT:

      1. That name of the corporation is Cairn Energy USA, Inc.

      2. The Certificate of Designation of Preferences and Rights of Series A
Preferred Stock of Omni Exploration, Inc., which was filed by the Secretary of
State of the State of Delaware on September 29, 1992 and recorded in the office
of the Recorder of Deeds of New Castle County, Delaware on September 29, 1992
(the "Certificate"), requires correction as permitted by subsection (f) of
Section 103 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

      3. The inaccuracy or defect to be corrected in the Certificate is as
follows:

            A. Subsection 3(a) of the Certificate omitted the words "On or after
      the first anniversary of the first issuance of shares of Series A
      Preferred Stock" at the beginning of such subsection and consequently such
      omitted words need to be inserted before the first word of Subsection
      3(a), "Each," and "Each" needs to begin with a lowercase letter.

            B. The last word of Subsection 3(c)(vi)(1) should have been
      "decreased" instead of "increased."

            C. The last word of Subsection 3(c)(vi)(2) should have been
      "increased" instead of "decreased."

      4. The pertinent subsections of the Certificate in corrected form are as
follows:

            A. Subsection 3(a) of the Certificate is corrected as follows:

                  SECTION 3. Conversion. The holders of shares of Series A
            Preferred Stock shall have conversion rights as follows (the
            "Conversion Rights"):

                        (a) Right to Convert. On or after the first anniversary
                  of the first issuance of shares of Series A Preferred Stock,
                  each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall be convertible,
                  without the payment of any additional consideration by the
                  holder thereof and at the option of the holder thereof at the
                  office of the corporation or any transfer agent for the Series
                  A Preferred Stock, into such number of fully paid and


                  nonassessable shares of Common Stock as is determined by
                  dividing fifteen dollars ($15) by the Series A Conversion
                  Price, determined as hereinafter provided, in effect at the
                  time of conversion. The conversion price at which shares of
                  Common Stock shall be deliverable upon conversion of Series A
                  Preferred Stock without the payment of any additional
                  consideration by the holder thereof (the "Series A Conversion
                  Price") shall initially be one dollar and fifty five cents
                  ($1.55). Such initial Series A Conversion Price shall be
                  subject to adjustment, in order to adjust the number of shares
                  of Common Stock into which the Series A Preferred Stock is
                  convertible, as hereinafter provided.

            B. Subsection 3(c)(vi)(1) of the Certificate is corrected as
      follows:

                              (1) Stock Dividends, Stock Distributions or
                        Subdivisions. In the event the corporation shall issue
                        Additional Shares of Common Stock pursuant to SUBSECTION
                        3(c)(III)(2) in a stock dividend, stock distribution or
                        subdivision, the Series A Conversion Price in effect
                        immediately prior to such stock dividend, stock
                        distribution or subdivision shall, concurrently with the
                        effectiveness of such stock dividend, stock distribution
                        or subdivision, be proportionately decreased.

            C. Subsection 3(c)(vi)(2) of the Certificate is corrected as
      follows:

                              (2) Combinations or Consolidations. In the event
                        the outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be combined
                        or consolidated, by reclassification or otherwise, into
                        a lesser number of shares of Common Stock, the Series A
                        Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such
                        combination or consolidation shall, concurrently with
                        the effectiveness of such combination or consolidation,
                        be proportionately increased.

      Signed and attested to on November 9, 1992.


                                         Cairn Energy, Inc.
                                         formerly Omni Exploration, Inc.

                                                /s/ Michael R. Gilber
                                         -----------------------------------
                                            Michael R. Gilbert, President

ATTEST:

           /s/ Susan H. Rader
- -----------------------------------------
       Susan H. Rader, Secretary

                                     - 2 -