1 AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON OCTOBER 15, 1999 REGISTRATION NO. 333-85955 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO FORM S-1/S-1 REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) DELAWARE 1311 75-6550504 (State or other jurisdiction of (Primary Standard Industrial (I.R.S. Employer incorporation or organization) Classification Code Number) Identification No.) BANK ONE TEXAS, N.A. 500 THROCKMORTON, SUITE 801 FORT WORTH, TEXAS 76102 (817) 884-4417 ATTN: CORPORATE TRUST DEPARTMENT (Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices) --------------------- EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) DELAWARE 1311 61-1093943 (State or other jurisdiction of (Primary Standard Industrial (I.R.S. Employer incorporation or organization) Classification Code Number) Identification No.) 2800 EISENHOWER AVENUE ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA 22314 (703) 317-2300 (Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices) --------------------- AS TO BOTH REGISTRANTS: CLIFTON A. BROWN PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 2800 EISENHOWER AVENUE ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA 22314 (703) 317-2300 (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service) Copies to: ANDREWS & KURTH L.L.P. BAKER & BOTTS, L.L.P. 600 TRAVIS, SUITE 4200 ONE SHELL PLAZA HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002 910 LOUISIANA (713) 220-4200 HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002 ATTN: G. MICHAEL O'LEARY (713) 229-1234 ATTN: JOSHUA DAVIDSON APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective. If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, please check the following box. [ ] If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [ ] If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [ ] If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [ ] If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box. [ ] --------------------- CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROPOSED MAXIMUM AGGREGATE AMOUNT OF TITLE OF EACH CLASS OF SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED OFFERING PRICE(1)(2) REGISTRATION FEE - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Units of beneficial interests............................... $190,181,250 $52,871(3) - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Includes trust units issuable upon exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option. (2) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o). (3) A portion of this filing fee, $50,040, was previously paid in connection with the initial filing of this registration statement on August 26, 1999. THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(a) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(a), MAY DETERMINE. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. THESE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE SECURITIES AND IT IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE WHERE THE OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED. Subject to Completion, dated October 15, 1999 PROSPECTUS APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST 7,875,000 TRUST UNITS - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is an initial public offering of units of beneficial interest in the Appalachian Natural Gas Trust. Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy Inc., has formed the trust and is offering all of the trust units to be sold in this offering. Eastern States will receive all proceeds from the offering. The trust will not receive any proceeds from the offering. Eastern States will continue to own 2,625,000 trust units after this offering, or 1,443,750 trust units if the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full. Prior to this offering there has been no public market for the trust units. Eastern States expects that the offering price will be between $19.00 and $21.00 per trust unit. Eastern States has applied to have the trust units listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "ANG." THE TRUST UNITS. Trust units are units of beneficial ownership of the trust and represent undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the trust. They do not represent any interest in Eastern States or Statoil Energy. THE TRUST. The trust owns net profits interests in natural gas producing properties located in the Appalachian Basin area of Kentucky and West Virginia. The net profits interests entitle the trust to receive: - 80% of Eastern States' net proceeds from the sale of the production from 2,471 producing wells; and - 10% of Eastern States' net proceeds from the sale of the production from all wells drilled on or after September 1, 1999 on the leases in Kentucky and West Virginia that are subject to the net profits interest. THE TRUST UNITHOLDERS. As a trust unitholder, you will receive quarterly distributions of cash that the trust receives attributable to its net profits interests from the sale of natural gas produced from the underlying properties. INVESTING IN THE TRUST UNITS INVOLVES RISKS. RISK FACTORS BEGIN ON PAGE 16. PER TRUST UNIT TOTAL -------------- ----- Public offering price............................ $ $ Underwriting discount............................ $ $ Proceeds, before expenses, to Eastern States..... $ $ Eastern States has also granted the underwriters the right to purchase up to an additional 1,181,250 trust units at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discount to cover over-allotments. NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR DETERMINED IF THIS PROSPECTUS IS ACCURATE OR COMPLETE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE. Lehman Brothers expects to deliver the trust units on or about , 1999. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- JOINT BOOK-RUNNING MANAGERS LEHMAN BROTHERS SALOMON SMITH BARNEY CO-LEAD MANAGER PAINEWEBBER INCORPORATED CIBC WORLD MARKETS CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON DAIN RAUSCHER WESSELS A DIVISION OF DAIN RAUSCHER INCORPORATED DONALDSON LUFKIN & JENRETTE A.G. EDWARDS & SONS, INC. MCDONALD INVESTMENTS INC. , 1999 3 [MAP OF UNDERLYING PROPERTIES APPEARS HERE] No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. This prospectus is an offer to sell the trust units offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date. Through and including , 1999 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to a dealer's obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription. i 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Prospectus Summary.......................................... 1 Risk Factors................................................ 16 Forward-Looking Statements.................................. 23 Use of Proceeds............................................. 23 Eastern States.............................................. 24 The Trust................................................... 25 Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash...................... 25 The Underlying Properties................................... 34 Computation of Net Proceeds................................. 51 Federal Income Tax Consequences............................. 54 State Tax Considerations.................................... 58 ERISA Considerations........................................ 60 Description of the Trust Agreement.......................... 60 Description of the Trust Units.............................. 65 Underwriting................................................ 68 Selling Trust Unitholder.................................... 70 Validity of the Trust Units................................. 70 Experts..................................................... 71 Available Information....................................... 71 Glossary of Oil and Natural Gas Terms....................... 72 Index to Financial Statements............................... F-1 Information About Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. ........... A-1 Index to Financial Statements of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. ..................................................... AF-1 Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Reserve Report for the Underlying Properties................................................ XA-1 Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Reserve Report for the Net Profits Interest.................................................. XB-1 ii 5 PROSPECTUS SUMMARY This summary may not contain all of the information that is important to you. To understand this offering fully, you should read the entire prospectus carefully, including the risk factors and the financial statements and notes to those statements. You will find definitions for terms relating to the oil and natural gas business in "Glossary of Oil and Natural Gas Terms." Ryder Scott Company, L.P., an independent engineering firm, estimated the proved natural gas reserves at August 31, 1999 for the underlying properties and the trust's net profits interests included in this prospectus. Copies of their reserve reports as of August 31, 1999 are located at the back of this prospectus as Exhibits A and B. Historically, more than 99% of production from the underlying properties has been natural gas and less than 1% has been oil. The net profits interests conveyed to the trust will also include net proceeds from the sale of oil production from the underlying properties. For purposes of this prospectus, Eastern States uses the phrase "sale of natural gas from the underlying properties" to also include the sale of oil from the underlying properties. APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST Appalachian Natural Gas Trust was formed in August 1999 by Eastern States under the Delaware Business Trust Act. Eastern States is the largest owner of proved natural gas reserves, and believes it is one of the lowest cost producers, in the Appalachian Basin. Eastern States is a wholly owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy. Statoil Energy owns and operates power plants in the northeast and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, is a leading trader of wholesale electricity and natural gas and specializes in providing a broad range of energy and risk management services involving the delivery of natural gas, electricity and alternative fuels to large industrial, institutional and commercial customers. Eastern States will transfer to the trust, as of September 1, 1999, an 80% net profits interest in 2,471 producing natural gas wells in Kentucky and West Virginia and a 10% net profits interest in wells drilled on or after September 1, 1999 on substantially all of Eastern States oil and gas leasehold interests in Kentucky and West Virginia. Eastern States' interests in the 2,471 producing wells that will be subject to and burdened by the 80% net profits interests are referred to as the 2,471 underlying wells or the underlying wells. Eastern States' interests in the oil and gas leases that will be subject to and burdened by the 10% net profits interest are referred to as the underlying leases. The underlying leases contain 1,528 proved undeveloped drilling locations. The underlying wells and the underlying leases are collectively referred to as the underlying properties. The underlying properties will not include any properties or interests acquired by Eastern States on or after September 1, 1999. The net profits interests entitle the trust to receive 80% of the net proceeds received by Eastern States from the sale of natural gas from the underlying wells and 10% of the net proceeds received by Eastern States from the sale of natural gas from wells drilled on the underlying leases on or after September 1, 1999. Net proceeds generally means cash received from the sale of production from the underlying properties after deducting property and production taxes, production costs, gathering and compression charges, development costs and administrative and drilling overhead attributable to the underlying properties. The net profits interests will be calculated separately for Kentucky and West Virginia. The first distribution will be paid to unitholders of record as of December 15, 1999 on or before December 25, 1999 for the production period September 1, 1999 through September 30, 1999. For a more complete description of the computation of net proceeds payable to the trust, see "Computation of Net Proceeds" that begins on page 51. Net proceeds payable to the trust depend upon production quantities, sales prices of natural gas and costs to develop, produce, transport and market the natural gas. If for any quarter aggregate costs should exceed gross proceeds, the trust unitholders would not receive any cash distributions until future net proceeds exceed the total of those excess costs, plus interest at the prime rate. The trust will not be required to repay amounts to Eastern States; instead, any amounts due to Eastern States will be deducted in calculating future net proceeds payable to the trust. 1 6 The underlying wells are characterized by a relatively high reserve-to-production index of 21 years and a low expected production decline rate averaging 5.5% for the initial five-year period following this offering. If successful, Eastern States' planned development program is expected to reduce this decline rate to an average of 3%. Reserves in the Appalachian Basin typically have a high degree of step-out development success, that is, as development progresses, reserves from newly completed wells are reclassified from the proved undeveloped to the proved developed category and additional adjacent locations are added to proved undeveloped reserves. As a result, the amount of total proved reserves tends to increase as development progresses. Eastern States operates all of the 2,471 underlying wells and intends to operate all or substantially all of the wells drilled on the underlying leases on or after September 1, 1999. Eastern States has an average net revenue interest of 87% and an average working interest of 97% in the properties burdened by the trust's net profits interests. This large percentage working interest provides for significant control over the timing and amount of expenditures. Eastern States believes that its operation of more than 4,700 wells and 3,200 miles of gathering pipeline in Kentucky and West Virginia provides it with regional economies of scale and a competitive advantage since it is able to maintain low production costs relative to other producers in the Appalachian Basin. In addition, the coordination of Eastern States' development program in these states is facilitated by the integrated nature of its production, pipeline and undeveloped leasehold positions. Eastern States will market the natural gas produced from the underlying properties and attempt to obtain the best prices available to it in the marketplace. Generally, natural gas produced from the underlying properties will be sold under existing contracts that have market-based pricing terms. Currently, approximately 90% of natural gas produced by Eastern States is sold under existing short-term contracts with its affiliate, Statoil Energy Services, Inc., and affiliates of CNG Transmission Corp. For the eight month period ending August 31, 1999, approximately 68% of the natural gas produced by Eastern States was sold to Statoil Energy Services and approximately 22% was sold to affiliates of CNG Transmission. The remaining natural gas is sold to numerous purchasers generally at market-based prices. Eastern States has experienced a temporary reduction in its delivery of natural gas as a result of a shutdown of a third-party pipeline delivery system for replacement of a portion of its pipeline system. The temporary shutdown, which commenced September 27, 1999 and is expected to last through November 15, 1999, affects approximately 30% of Eastern States production in Kentucky, most of which is attributable to the underlying wells. As a result of this shutdown, the revenues attributable to the underlying wells for the fourth quarter of 1999 will be reduced, which in turn will reduce the amount of net proceeds payable to the trust. Eastern States has agreed, for the benefit of the trust, to hedge the sales price payable for year 2000 production attributable to the net profits interests. Under the hedge agreement, if the monthly closing NYMEX price in any month of year 2000 is less than $ per MMbtu, Eastern States will pay the trust an amount for the trust's share of that month's production based upon the excess of $ per MMbtu over that monthly closing NYMEX price. If the monthly closing NYMEX price in any month of the year 2000 exceeds $ per MMbtu, Eastern States will retain from the net proceeds payable to the trust an amount for the trust's share of that month's production based upon that excess. The effect of this so called "collar" arrangement is that for year 2000 production the net proceeds payable to the trust will be calculated, and the distributable cash of the trust will be based, upon a "floor" price of $ per MMbtu and a "ceiling" price of $ per MMbtu even if the prevailing monthly closing NYMEX price is less than the "floor" price or more than the "ceiling" price. After the year 2000, the price payable for production attributable to the net profits interests will be a variable price not subject to a hedge agreement and may be less than the $ per MMbtu "floor" price, or more than $ per MMbtu "ceiling" price, specified under the hedge agreement. 2 7 Statoil Energy is a U.S. subsidiary of the Norwegian state oil company "den norske stats oljeselskap a.s," which is also known as The Statoil Group. As described under the caption "Eastern States," The Statoil Group has decided to pursue a sale of its ownership in Statoil Energy. None of The Statoil Group, Statoil Energy or Eastern States can assure you that - this sale will be made, - if so made, when this sale will be made or, - if so made, that it will not adversely affect Eastern States or its ability to operate and develop the underlying properties as contemplated herein. On federal income tax returns, investors will be required to include their proportionate share of trust net income. Investors will also be entitled to claim a depletion deduction relating to production from the underlying properties. Because payments to the trust will be generated by depleting assets, a portion of each distribution may represent a return of your original investment rather than a return on your original investment. The deductions will permit investors to defer or reduce taxes on a significant portion of the income recognized as a result of owning an interest in the trust. 3 8 EASTERN STATES' OWNERSHIP INTERESTS ARE ALIGNED WITH THE UNITHOLDERS Eastern States' retained interest in the underlying properties entitles it to 20% of the net proceeds from the sale of production from the 2,471 underlying wells and 90% of the net proceeds from the sale of production from wells drilled on the underlying leases on or after September 1, 1999. Eastern States will also own up to 25% of the outstanding trust units. Eastern States believes that its retained direct ownership interest in the underlying properties, as well as the retained trust units, provides it with sufficient economic incentives to continue to operate and develop the underlying properties in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Eastern States is under no obligation to continue to own the underlying properties. If Eastern States disposes of a substantial portion of these retained interests, its economic incentive to continue to operate and develop the underlying properties would decline. The following chart shows the relationship of The Statoil Group, Statoil Energy, Eastern States, the underlying properties, the trust and the public trust unitholders, assuming no exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option. CHART - --------------- (a) The Statoil Group holds its 99.9% interest in Statoil Energy through a wholly owned subsidiary, Statoil Energy Holdings, Inc. As described under the caption "Eastern States," The Statoil Group has decided to pursue a sale of its ownership in Statoil Energy. (b) If the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full, approximately 86% of the trust units will be owned by the public unitholders and Eastern States will retain the remaining 14% of the trust units. 4 9 THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES The underlying properties are located in the Appalachian Basin, which is the oldest and geographically one of the largest natural gas producing regions in the United States. As of August 31, 1999, Ryder Scott estimated the proved developed reserves of the 2,471 underlying wells to be 331 Bcfe, with future net cash flows discounted at 10% before income taxes of approximately $265 million. Approximately 65% of the future net discounted cash flows before income taxes are represented by proved developed reserves located in West Virginia and approximately 35% of the future net discounted cash flows before income taxes are represented by proved developed reserves located in Kentucky. As of August 31, 1999, Ryder Scott estimated proved undeveloped reserves for the underlying leases to be 437 Bcfe. The areas in which the underlying properties are located are characterized by wells with comparably low rates of annual decline in production, low production costs and high Btu, or energy, content. Once drilled and completed, wells in the Appalachian Basin typically have low ongoing operating and maintenance requirements and minimal capital expenditures. Wells in these areas have been producing for many years, in some cases since the early 1900's. Reserve estimates for properties with long production histories are generally more reliable than estimates for properties with shorter histories. Substantially all of the underlying wells are relatively shallow, with depths ranging from 1,000 to 7,000 feet below the surface. Many of the underlying wells are completed in more than one producing zone and production from these zones may be mixed or commingled. Commingled production lowers producing costs on a per unit basis compared to isolated zone completions. Eastern States' transfers to the trust of net profits interests in the underlying wells in Kentucky and West Virginia are intended to create a diversity of well profiles and a diversity of value. The well with the highest discounted net present value in the Ryder Scott reserve report represents less than 0.5% of the value of all underlying wells. The inclusion of a large number of future drilling opportunities on approximately 1.2 million gross acres comprising the underlying leases, excluding the Rome exploration area but before giving effect to the other excluded interests described in the two paragraphs below, along with the underlying wells will provide statistical and geological diversity in multiple potential producing horizons in Kentucky and West Virginia. Eastern States currently owns approximately 4,700 producing wells in Kentucky and West Virginia. The 2,471 producing wells that constitute the underlying wells do not include wells in Kentucky and West Virginia with any of the following characteristics: - wells owned by a financial institution that are Section 29 production payment properties and most of which are operated by Eastern States; - wells drilled during the 20 months ended August 31, 1999, each of which has a limited production history and a relatively high decline profile; - wells with high operating costs; - marginal producing wells and associated leases; - wells and associated leases with title or consent issues; and - wells in which Eastern States is not the operator. The underlying leases do not include leases and interests in Kentucky and West Virginia with any of the following characteristics: - leases and mineral interests in Kentucky pertaining to the Rome exploration area, which is characterized by high exploration risk; - the portion of leases which have been farmed out to third parties; and - leases or interests with known transfer or title issues, including all potential coalbed methane exploration and developmental rights. 5 10 PRODUCTION FROM THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES RECEIVES PREMIUMS FOR LOCATION AND HIGH ENERGY CONTENT Natural gas produced in the Appalachian Basin has historically received a premium over natural gas produced in other regions due to the region's close proximity to the markets in the northeast United States. For the period 1991 through 1998, natural gas price indices for Appalachian Basin production have averaged $0.25 per MMbtu more than prices for natural gas contracts traded on the NYMEX for the delivery of natural gas at Henry Hub, Louisiana. During these eight years, the average annual Appalachian Basin premium has ranged from $0.14 per MMbtu to $0.47 per MMbtu. The Appalachian Basin premium is typically lower during warmer-than-normal winters, such as the previous two winters. Natural gas sold from the underlying properties has historically received an additional premium because of its higher Btu content. The average Btu content for each cubic foot of natural gas produced from the underlying properties is approximately 1,131, which has historically provided an average 13.1% premium over the standard measure of 1,000 Btu per cubic foot when calculating realized prices on a per Mcf basis. Eastern States cannot provide any assurance that it will be able to realize either of these premiums in the future. LOW COST PRODUCER Eastern States believes that it is a low cost producer. Based on the contractual production costs to be charged by Eastern States on a per well basis and based on the estimated production for the year 2000, Eastern States estimates that production costs and taxes allocated to the trust in computing net proceeds will be $0.48 per Mcfe during 2000. For public reporting companies in the United States, the average production cost from 1996 through 1998 was $0.61 per Mcfe. Eastern States cannot assure you that it will continue to be a low cost producer. LONG LIFE OF PROPERTIES The productive lives of producing natural gas properties are often compared using their reserve-to-production index. This index is calculated by dividing total proved reserves of the property by annual production for the prior 12 months. The reserve-to-production index for the underlying properties at August 31, 1999 was approximately 21 years. This reserve-to-production index shows a relatively long producing life compared to an average index of 8.8 years for U.S. natural gas properties at year-end 1997. Because production rates naturally decline over time, the reserve-to-production index may not be a useful estimate of how long properties should economically produce. Based on the Ryder Scott reserve report, production from the underlying properties is expected to continue for at least 50 more years. HIGH PERCENTAGE OF PROVED DEVELOPED RESERVES Proved developed reserves are generally the lowest risk category of reserves because their production requires no significant future development costs and their production histories are established. Proved developed reserves represent approximately 88% of the total proved reserves and 96% of the future net discounted cash flow from the trust's net profits interests in the underlying properties. HISTORY OF LOW COST ADDITIONS TO PROVED RESERVES Eastern States has a record of successfully adding reserves to the underlying properties through development at costs which are generally less than U.S. industry averages. Over the three years ended December 31, 1998, Eastern States has added through development drilling approximately 97 Bcfe of proved developed reserves at an average cost of $0.65 per Mcfe in Kentucky and West Virginia. For public reporting companies in the United States, the average industry cost of adding natural gas reserves from 1996 through 1998 was $0.76 per Mcfe. In addition, during 1997 and 1998, Eastern States had substantial upward revisions of its proved undeveloped reserve estimates on the underlying properties. Eastern States 6 11 cannot assure you that it will continue to be able to add proved reserves at a lower cost than the industry average or that it will continue to have upward revisions of its reserve estimates. SIGNIFICANT INVENTORY OF DRILLING OPPORTUNITIES Eastern States currently has an inventory of approximately 1.2 million gross acres, excluding the Rome exploration area but before giving effect to the other excluded interests, comprising the underlying leases, of which approximately 74% have not been developed. As of August 31, 1999, Ryder Scott estimated the proved undeveloped reserves of the underlying leases to be 437 Bcfe from 1,528 proved undeveloped drilling locations, with estimated future net discounted cash flows of $102 million. Based upon current conditions, Eastern States intends to drill an average of approximately 200 wells per year on the underlying leases for at least the next five years. The trust will have a 10% net profits interest in these wells. The development costs for drilling 200 wells, including drilling overhead, in the year 2000 is estimated to be approximately $44 million, of which approximately $4.4 million will be attributable to the net profits interest of the trust. Eastern States expects to fund its development expenditures from internally generated cash flows from existing properties. The level of development activity and the actual costs incurred, however, will depend on results of prior development activities, natural gas prices and the development cost in comparison to expected rates of return, as well as the types of wells drilled and any unanticipated events. In the last five years, Eastern States has completed approximately 98% of the wells it has drilled in Kentucky and West Virginia. Eastern States may face conflicts of interest in allocating its resources between additional development of the underlying properties and development of other oil and natural gas properties that it now owns or may own in the future. Eastern States allocates resources for development based on expected rates of return. The underlying properties have historically provided attractive rates of return on development projects compared to Eastern States' other properties and are expected to continue to do so in the future. EFFECT OF PLANNED DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Without future development, the underlying wells would typically experience a 5.5% annual decline in production for the initial five-year period following this offering. Projected development expenditures for the underlying properties included in the Ryder Scott reserve report, totaling $285 million through 2007 or $28.5 million net to the trust, are expected to reduce the natural rate of decline in production to an average of 3% per year. If Eastern States drills and completes new wells or conducts other development activities related to the 2,471 underlying wells, those activities should serve to offset, at least in part, the natural production decline from the underlying wells. The trust will benefit from increased production, net of 80% of the related development costs of the 2,471 underlying wells and net of 10% of the related development costs of new wells drilled on or after September 1, 1999 on the underlying leases. Eastern States' development plan will differ from that reflected in the Ryder Scott reserve report because Eastern States typically drills a number of unproved locations each year. ADDITIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES Eastern States believes that the underlying properties may offer economic development projects that are not included in its existing proved reserves. For the period January 1, 1998 to August 31, 1999, approximately 40% of all wells drilled by Eastern States were on locations classified as unproved at the time of drilling. These additional development opportunities could add production and proved reserves beyond those contained in the Ryder Scott reserve report. Eastern States expects costs per Mcfe associated with reserves added through additional development projects to be comparable to its historical costs of reserve additions in Kentucky and West Virginia. Development costs will be deducted from the net profits interests as they are incurred and will result in lower quarterly distributions than would exist if these costs were not incurred. Production increases from 7 12 these projects may ultimately increase future distributions over what would have been distributed had the development expenditures not been incurred. These development opportunities include: - drilling unproved locations; - deepening existing wells in locations or into formations that are not classified as proved reserves in the Ryder Scott reserve report; - opening new producing zones in existing wells; - recompletions; - adding pipelines and compression to improve production flow or to reduce third party gathering and compression charges; and - performing mechanical and chemical treatments to stimulate production rates. These development activities will be primarily attributable to wells drilled on the underlying leases that are subject to the 10% net profits interest, but could be attributable to the 2,471 underlying wells that are subject to the 80% net profits interest. For a description on whether development activities will be attributable to the 10% net profits interest or the 80% net profits interest, see "The Underlying Properties -- General." PRO FORMA OPERATING MARGIN BEFORE DEVELOPMENT COSTS The following is a discussion of the pro forma adjustments made to the historical average net sales meter price after deducting third party gathering and compression charges for the underlying properties for the year ended December 31, 1998 and the eight months ended August 31, 1999 to arrive at a pro forma operating margin. Except for the pro forma adjustments, the quantities and amounts in this presentation are identical to those reported in the historical financial statements for the underlying properties. For a further description of these costs and charges, see "Computation of Net Proceeds -- Net Profits Interests." Eastern States' Gathering and Compression Costs. Eastern States' gathering and compression costs consist of the following two components shown on two lines in the table: actual costs incurred to gather, compress and process natural gas produced from the underlying properties and an amount to reimburse Eastern States for depreciation of the gathering and compression facilities and to provide a reasonable return on investment in the facilities. Eastern States' pro forma gathering and compression charges shown in the following table are the actual costs incurred of $0.09 per Mcfe for the year ended December 31, 1998 and $0.09 per Mcfe for the eight months ended August 31, 1999. The table also shows a reimbursement for depreciation and return on investment of $0.14 per Mcfe for the year ended December 31, 1998 and of $0.14 per Mcfe for the eight months ended August 31, 1999. The reimbursement for depreciation and return on investment have not been allocated in the past by Eastern States and Eastern States used the same amount in calculating projected year 2000 distributable cash. Compressor Fuel and Line Loss. Eastern States' compressor fuel and line loss shown in the following table reflects actual costs of $0.14 per Mcfe for the year ended December 31, 1998 and $0.14 per Mcfe for the eight months ended August 31, 1999. In the future, the amount of this charge will be based on actual volumes consumed as fuel by Eastern States' compressors and actual volumes lost by Eastern States during gathering and compression. Production Costs. Except for wells completed below 7,000 feet, Eastern States will deduct a monthly fixed production fee of $170 per well for wells producing five or more Mcf per day and $70 per well for wells producing less than five Mcf per day. For wells completed at depths below 7,000 feet, Eastern States will deduct a monthly fixed production fee of $300 per well regardless of daily production amounts. These charges will also apply to shut-in wells, temporarily abandoned wells and other inactive wells. Prior to the closing of this offering, Eastern States had actual direct production costs of $0.19 per Mcfe for the year ended December 31, 1998 and $0.20 per Mcfe for the eight months ended August 31, 1999 relating to the underlying properties. The pro forma production costs are higher than actual costs in order to provide Eastern States a reimbursement of $0.04 to $0.05 per Mcfe for depreciation and amortization of its office expenditures, information systems and other capitalized costs which are included in the fixed charges. 8 13 Overhead. Prior to the closing of this offering, Eastern States has not charged an overhead fee. The pro forma overhead expense represents a monthly fee to be charged by Eastern States of $65 per well to reimburse Eastern States for its general and administrative costs. This fee will continue to be charged in the event a well is shut-in, temporarily abandoned or otherwise inactive. Development Costs. Development costs are not included in the following table since none of the wells drilled by Eastern States in the period January 1, 1998 through August 31, 1999 are included in the underlying properties because of their limited production history and relatively high decline profile. Development costs, including a drilling overhead fee of $36,000 for each well drilled or deepened to another formation, zone or horizon on the underlying properties after September 1, 1999, will be deducted in the future as Eastern States incurs expenses to fund development of the underlying properties. This amount will be proportionately reduced based on Eastern States' percentage working interest on each well drilled on underlying properties, which currently averages 97%. Eastern States expects to drill approximately 200 wells in the year 2000 on the underlying leases resulting in development costs of approximately $44 million, of which approximately $4.4 million will be attributable to the net profits interests. Based on the Ryder Scott reserve report for estimated production in the year 2000 of 13.6 Bcfe, this equates to development costs of $0.32 per Mcfe. PRO FORMA ------------------------------- YEAR ENDED EIGHT MONTHS DECEMBER 31, ENDED AUGUST 31, 1998 1999 ------------ ---------------- (PER MCFE) (PER MCFE) Sales Price: Average net sales meter price after deducting third party gathering and compression charges............. $ 2.42 $ 2.36 Less Eastern States' gathering and compression charges............................................. (0.09) (0.09) Less pro forma reimbursement for depreciation and return on investment................................ (0.14) (0.14) Less Eastern States' compressor fuel cost and line loss................................................ (0.14) (0.14) ------- ------- Pro forma average realized sales price................. 2.05 1.99 ------- ------- Expenses: Production costs....................................... 0.23 0.25 Production and property taxes.......................... 0.20 0.19 Overhead............................................... 0.10 0.10 Development costs...................................... -- -- ------- ------- Total expenses................................. 0.53 0.54 ------- ------- Operating margin......................................... $ 1.52 $ 1.45 ======= ======= PROVED RESERVES Based on the Ryder Scott reserve report, proved reserves of the underlying properties are over 99% natural gas. The following tables provide, as of August 31, 1999, estimated proved reserves of natural gas and natural gas equivalents, and undiscounted and discounted estimated future net cash flows for the underlying properties and the net profits interests. The estimates below were prepared by Ryder Scott. Proved reserves in the tables below for the underlying properties are based on natural gas and oil prices realized by Eastern States as of August 31, 1999, which were $2.75 per Mcf of natural gas and $18.75 per Bbl of oil. Proved reserves in the table below for the net profits interest are based on prices of $2.61 per Mcf of natural gas and $18.75 per Bbl of oil. The $2.61 price represents the $2.75 price realized by Eastern States less the $0.14 charge to the net profits interest for reimbursement for depreciation and a return on Eastern States' investment in its gathering and compression systems, which has not been charged by Eastern States prior to the closing of this offering. Natural gas equivalents in the tables are the sum of the reserves for natural gas and oil, calculated on the basis that one Bbl of oil is the energy equivalent of six Mcf of natural gas. These amounts exclude unproved reserves that Eastern States may develop in the 9 14 future. The amounts of estimated future net cash flows from proved reserves shown in the table are before income taxes. Discounted future net revenues are based on a discount rate of 10%. Reserve estimates are subject to revision. PROVED DEVELOPED RESERVES OF THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES AS OF AUGUST 31, 1999 ESTIMATED FUTURE NET CASH PROVED DEVELOPED RESERVES FLOWS FROM PROVED ---------------------------- DEVELOPED RESERVES GAS EQUIVALENTS ------------------------- GAS (MMCF) (MMCFE) UNDISCOUNTED DISCOUNTED ---------- --------------- ------------ ---------- ($ IN THOUSANDS) Underlying wells by district: Brenton, West Virginia................... 85,397 85,397 $188,642 $ 70,194 Madison, West Virginia................... 79,114 79,155 155,303 61,034 Weston, West Virginia.................... 46,904 48,333 106,569 42,273 Pikeville, Kentucky...................... 118,166 118,254 270,963 91,360 ------- ------- -------- -------- Total............................ 329,581 331,139 $721,477 $264,861 PROVED UNDEVELOPED RESERVES OF THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES AS OF AUGUST 31, 1999 ESTIMATED FUTURE NET CASH PROVED UNDEVELOPED RESERVES FLOWS FROM PROVED ---------------------------- UNDEVELOPED RESERVES GAS EQUIVALENTS ------------------------- GAS (MMCF) (MMCFE) UNDISCOUNTED DISCOUNTED ---------- --------------- ------------ ---------- ($ IN THOUSANDS) Underlying leases by district: Brenton, West Virginia................... 204,626 204,626 $350,763 $ 38,581 Madison, West Virginia................... 79,755 79,755 114,983 16,631 Weston, West Virginia.................... 11,158 11,158 17,612 1,727 Pikeville, Kentucky...................... 140,994 140,994 266,113 45,477 ------- ------- -------- -------- Total............................ 436,533 436,533 $749,471 $102,416 TOTAL PROVED RESERVES OF THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES AS OF AUGUST 31, 1999 ESTIMATED FUTURE NET CASH TOTAL PROVED RESERVES FLOWS FROM TOTAL PROVED ---------------------------- RESERVES GAS EQUIVALENTS ------------------------- GAS (MMCF) (MMCFE) UNDISCOUNTED DISCOUNTED ---------- --------------- ------------ ---------- ($ IN THOUSANDS) Underlying properties by district: Brenton, West Virginia................... 290,023 290,023 $ 539,405 $108,775 Madison, West Virginia................... 158,869 158,910 270,286 77,665 Weston, West Virginia.................... 58,062 59,491 124,181 44,000 Pikeville, Kentucky...................... 259,160 259,248 537,076 136,837 ------- ------- ---------- -------- Total............................ 766,114 767,672 $1,470,948 $367,277 Proved reserves for the net profits interests attributable to the 2,471 underlying wells are calculated by subtracting from 80% of proved reserves, reserve quantities of a sufficient value to pay 80% of the future estimated production and development costs that are deducted in calculating net proceeds, before overhead and trust administrative expenses. Proved reserves for the net profits interests attributable to the proved undeveloped reserves owned by Eastern States in Kentucky and West Virginia are calculated by subtracting from 10% of the proved undeveloped reserves, reserve quantities of a sufficient value to pay 10% of the future estimated production and development costs that are deducted in calculating net 10 15 proceeds before overhead and trust administrative expenses. Approximately 67 Bcfe of proved reserves has been deducted to pay the future estimated production and development costs for the underlying properties. As a result, proved reserves for the net profits interests reflect quantities that are calculated after reductions for future costs and expenses based on price and cost assumptions used in the reserve estimates. For the year 2000, production and property taxes of approximately $2.9 million have not been deducted in calculating reserve quantities attributable to the net profits interests, but are reflected as costs in the reserve report. For the year 2000, administrative overhead of the trust is expected to be $1.5 million, the drilling overhead fee charged to the trust is expected to be approximately $700,000 and trust administrative expenses are expected to be approximately $300,000. These overhead and trust administrative expenses have not been deducted in calculating reserve quantities attributable to the net profits interests and are not reflected as costs in the reserve report. PROVED RESERVES FOR THE NET PROFITS INTERESTS AS OF AUGUST 31, 1999 ESTIMATED FUTURE NET CASH TOTAL PROVED RESERVES FLOWS FROM TOTAL ---------------------------- PROVED RESERVES GAS EQUIVALENTS ------------------------- GAS (MMCF) (MMCFE) UNDISCOUNTED DISCOUNTED ---------- --------------- ------------ ---------- ($ IN THOUSANDS) Underlying properties: Net profits interests in underlying wells (80%)...................................... 210,018 211,044 $507,436 $191,971 Net profits interests in underlying leases (10%)...................................... 29,083 29,083 69,771 8,449 ------- ------- -------- -------- Total net profits interest...................... 239,101 240,127 $577,207 $200,420 ======= ======= ======== ======== Per trust unit (10,500,000 trust units)......... $ 54.97 $ 19.09 ======== ======== 11 16 HISTORICAL RESULTS FROM THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES The following table provides production and financial information relating to the underlying properties for 1996, 1997 and 1998 and for each of the eight-month periods ended August 31, 1998 and 1999. Eastern States did not own all of the underlying properties for each of the periods indicated. The audited statements of revenue and direct operating expenses of the underlying properties for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 and the unaudited statements for each of the eight-month periods ended August 31, 1998 and 1999 begin on page F-3 in this prospectus. This table reflects only historical costs and does not include the incremental costs and charges that will be deducted by Eastern States in calculating net proceeds payable to the trust. EIGHT MONTHS ENDED AUGUST 31, ----------------- 1996 1997 1998 1998 1999 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ($ IN THOUSANDS) (UNAUDITED) Wellhead volumes: Natural gas (MMcf)............................ 19,318 19,960 19,040 13,184 11,967 Oil (MBbls)................................... 35.1 30.6 20.4 12.9 18.9 Average realized sales prices: Natural gas (per Mcf)......................... $ 2.84 $ 2.62 $ 2.20 $ 2.27 $ 2.14 Oil (per Bbl)................................. $ 19.29 $ 17.35 $ 11.86 $ 12.17 $ 12.17 Revenue: Natural gas sales............................. $54,877 $52,303 $41,835 $29,879 $25,594 Oil sales..................................... 677 531 242 157 230 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total................................. 55,554 52,834 42,077 30,036 25,824 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Direct operating expenses: Production and property taxes................. 5,179 4,872 3,809 2,713 2,338 Production expenses........................... 6,300 5,106 3,603 2,401 2,401 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total................................. 11,479 9,978 7,412 5,114 4,739 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Excess of revenues over direct operating expenses...................................... $44,075 $42,856 $34,665 $24,922 $21,085 ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= YEAR 2000 PROJECTED DISTRIBUTABLE CASH The following table provides a projection of trust distributable cash related to estimated production for the twelve months ending December 31, 2000. This projection assumes sales volumes and production and development costs estimated by Ryder Scott. A copy of the Ryder Scott reserve report for the net profits interests is included as Exhibit B to this prospectus. Eastern States will market the natural gas produced from the underlying properties and attempt to obtain the best prices available to it in the marketplace. Generally, natural gas produced from the underlying properties will be sold under existing contracts that have market-based pricing terms. For the year 2000, however, Eastern States has entered into a hedge agreement for the benefit of the trust. For a description of this hedge agreement, see "Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash -- Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash" that begins on page 26 below. The calculations in the projection assume an average net wellhead price of $ per Mcf of natural gas for year 2000 production, which is based on the NYMEX mid-point under the hedge agreement, and oil prices of $18.00 per Bbl. Eastern States has prepared this projection as its best estimate of trust distributable cash for the year 2000, on an accrual or production basis, based on these pricing assumptions and other assumptions that are described in "Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash -- Significant Assumptions Used to Prepare the Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash." Because the projections are prepared on an accrual or production basis for the year 2000, the projections represent an estimate of cash that would be distributed to unitholders on or before June 25, 2000, September 25, 2000, December 25, 2000 and March 25, 2001. The projections and the assumptions on which they are based are subject to 12 17 significant uncertainties, many of which are beyond the control of Eastern States or the trust. ACTUAL YEAR 2000 DISTRIBUTABLE CASH, THEREFORE, COULD VARY SIGNIFICANTLY BASED UPON CHANGES IN ANY OF THESE ASSUMPTIONS. Distributable cash is particularly sensitive to natural gas prices. See "Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash -- Sensitivity of Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash to Natural Gas Prices" which shows estimated effects on projected year 2000 distributable cash from changes in natural gas prices. Accordingly, the projected year 2000 distributable cash is not necessarily indicative of distributions for future years. As a result of typical production declines for natural gas properties, and, subject to the success of the drilling of development wells, production estimates generally decrease from year to year. Due to the seasonal demand for natural gas, the amount of distributable cash may vary on a seasonal basis. Cash available for distribution may be subject to further seasonal variation since the weather-related adjustment of drilling activity may result in higher capital expenditures during the warmer period of the year, when historically lower natural gas prices are realized. For example, in the year 2000, Eastern States expects to drill on the underlying properties approximately 15 wells in the first quarter, approximately 55 wells in the second quarter, approximately 80 wells in the third quarter and approximately 50 wells in the fourth quarter. PRODUCTION FROM PRODUCTION FROM NEW WELLS ON COMBINED NET UNDERLYING WELLS UNDERLYING LEASES PROFITS INTERESTS ---------------- ----------------- ----------------- ($ IN THOUSANDS) Underlying Properties Volumes Produced: Natural gas: Gross production (MMcf)..................... 16,485 5,248 13,713 Less a 1% allowance for facilities maintenance (MMcf)(a).................... (165) (53) (137) ------- -------- ------- Net production (MMcf)....................... 16,320 5,195 13,576 Oil: Gross production (MBbls).................... 15.0 -- 12.0 Less a 1% allowance for facilities maintenance (MBbls)...................... (0.2) -- (0.1) ------- -------- ------- Net production (MBbls)...................... 14.8 -- 11.9 Assumed Average Net Wellhead Sales Price: Natural Gas (per Mcf)(b).................... $ 2.59 $ 2.59 $ 2.59 ======= ======== ======= Oil (per Bbl)............................... $ 18.00 -- $ 18.00 ======= ======== ======= 13 18 PRODUCTION FROM PRODUCTION FROM NEW WELLS ON COMBINED NET UNDERLYING WELLS UNDERLYING LEASES PROFITS INTERESTS ---------------- ----------------- ----------------- ($ IN THOUSANDS) Calculation of Distributable Cash Revenues: Natural gas sales............................. $42,236 $ 13,446 $35,134 Oil sales..................................... 267 -- 213 ------- -------- ------- Total.................................... $42,503 $ 13,446 $35,347 ------- -------- ------- Costs: Production and property taxes................. 3,443 1,089 2,863 Production costs.............................. 4,510 302 3,639 Development costs and drilling overhead....... -- 44,249 4,425 Overhead...................................... 1,875 115 1,511 ------- -------- ------- Total.................................... 9,828 45,755 12,438 ------- -------- ------- Net proceeds.................................. 32,675 (32,309) 22,909 Net profits percentage........................ 80% 10% ------- -------- ------- Trust cash.................................... 26,140 (3,231) 22,909 Trust administrative expenses................. 300 ======= Trust distributable cash...................... $22,609 ======= Trust distributable cash per trust unit (10,500,000 trust units).................... $ 2.15 ======= CASH DISTRIBUTION AS A PERCENTAGE OF AMOUNT $20.00 TRUST UNIT PRICE ------ ------------------------------------ Per Trust Unit (10,500,000 trust units): Total cash distributions (and taxable income before depletion)......................................... $2.15 10.75% Cost depletion tax deduction.......................... (0.91) ----- Taxable income........................................ 1.24 Income tax rate(c).................................... 39.6% ----- Income tax to unitholders............................. (0.49) ----- Net cash distributions after tax to unitholders....... $1.66 8.30% ===== - --------------- (a) The 1% facilities maintenance allowance provides for an estimated loss of production volumes due to the periodic shutdown of gathering and compression facilities, transmission pipelines or other production equipment. (b) For the adjustments made to result in an assumed average net wellhead price of $2.59 per Mcf, see the table under the caption "Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash" on page 27 of this prospectus. (c) Assumes maximum federal effective tax rate applicable to individuals, but does not take into account state income taxes that may be payable by unitholders to Kentucky and West Virginia or their state of residence. 14 19 THE OFFERING Trust units offered by Eastern States.......................... 7,875,000, or 9,056,250 if the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full. Trust units outstanding......... 10,500,000 trust units will be issued and outstanding upon the closing of this offering, of which 2,625,000 trust units will be owned by Eastern States. If the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full, 1,443,750 of the trust units will be owned by Eastern States. Use of proceeds................. Eastern States will receive all the net proceeds from this offering, which will be used to repay a portion of its existing indebtedness to Statoil Energy Holdings, Inc. NYSE symbol..................... The trust has applied to list the trust units on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "ANG." Sales price hedge for Year 2000 production.................... Eastern States has agreed to hedge the NYMEX portion of the sales price payable for the trust's share of year 2000 natural gas production. Under this agreement, if the monthly closing NYMEX price in any month during year 2000 is less than a "floor" price of $ per MMbtu or more than a "ceiling" price of $ per MMbtu, net proceeds payable to the trust for year 2000 gas production will be calculated based upon the "floor" price or "ceiling" price. Conditional right of repurchase...................... Eastern States will retain the right to repurchase all, but not less than all, of the outstanding units at any time if 15% or less of the outstanding units are owned by persons or entities other than Eastern States and its affiliates. These repurchases will be made at no less than the current market price. Property trustee................ Bank One, Texas, N.A. Delaware trustee................ Bank One Delaware, Inc. INVESTING IN TRUST UNITS Investing in the trust units differs from investing in corporate stock in the following ways: - trust unitholders are not owed a fiduciary duty by Eastern States, but they are owed a fiduciary duty by the trustees of the trusts to the extent provided in the trust agreement; - trust unitholders have limited voting rights; - trust unitholders are taxed directly on their proportionate share of trust net income; - trust unitholders are entitled to federal income tax depletion deductions; - substantially all trust cash must be distributed to trust unitholders; and - trust assets are limited to the net profits interests which have a finite economic life. RISK FACTORS Before investing in trust units, you should carefully consider the matters described under "Risk Factors" beginning on page 16 of this prospectus. 15 20 RISK FACTORS RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY AND THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES NATURAL GAS PRICE DECLINES AND MARKET VOLATILITY COULD RESULT IN LOWER CASH DISTRIBUTIONS TO TRUST UNITHOLDERS. The trust's revenues and quarterly cash distributions are highly dependent upon the prices realized from the sale of natural gas. A material decrease in the prices realized from the sale of natural gas by Eastern States could reduce the amount of cash distributions paid to unitholders. Lower natural gas prices may reduce the amount of natural gas that is economic to produce and reduce net proceeds available to the trust. The volatility of energy prices reduces the accuracy of estimates of future cash distributions to trust unitholders. Natural gas prices can fluctuate widely on a month-to-month basis in response to a variety of factors that are beyond the control of the trust and Eastern States. These factors include, among others: - weather conditions, primarily in the northeast United States; - the supply and price of domestic and foreign natural gas and oil; - delivery interruptions by upstream pipeline companies; - the level of demand; - worldwide economic and political conditions; - the price and availability of alternative fuels; - environmental regulations; and - worldwide energy conservation measures. Moreover, government regulations, such as regulation of natural gas transportation or price controls, if imposed, could affect product prices in the long term. Also, any material decrease in the average premium received for Appalachian Basin production could have an adverse impact on the proceeds received from the sale of natural gas by Eastern States, resulting in lower cash distributions to trust unitholders. Eastern States has agreed to hedge the price paid for the trust's share of year 2000 natural gas production. As a result of this hedging arrangement, to the extent that the actual monthly closing NYMEX price for any month during year 2000 exceeds $ per MMbtu, Eastern States will retain all that excess. In addition, Eastern States will not enter into any hedge agreement for the trust's share of production from the underlying properties for any production in any period other than year 2000. TRUST DISTRIBUTIONS ARE AFFECTED BY COSTS AND CHARGES DEDUCTED BY EASTERN STATES IN CALCULATING NET PROCEEDS. Production and development costs, gathering and compression charges and overhead fees on the underlying properties are deducted in the calculation of the trust's share of net proceeds. Accordingly, higher or lower production and development costs, gathering and compression charges or overhead fees will directly decrease or increase the amount received by the trust for its net profits interests. Property and production and other taxes are also deducted. The charges imposed by Eastern States for production costs and both administrative and drilling overhead fee will adjust each year beginning April 1, 2001 in accordance with an industry standard set forth in the accounting procedures in the transfer documents or conveyances. Because of the limited number of interstate pipeline transmission systems available in the Appalachian Basin as well as the difficult surface topography, producers such as Eastern States must make significant investments in pipeline systems to gather natural gas from each well drilled. In addition, Eastern States must have extensive compression facilities to achieve sufficient line pressure to produce into interstate transmission pipelines. To sustain its development drilling program, Eastern States will have to make continuing investments in these gathering and compression facilities. Eastern States will deduct from 16 21 gross proceeds a charge for gathering, compression and processing conducted using Eastern States' facilities, which charge will include an amount to reimburse Eastern States for the costs of these services, plus a reimbursement for depreciation of the facilities and a return on its investment in these facilities. Large investments in gathering and compression facilities in the future could decrease the amounts received by the trust for its net profits interests. The development costs attributable to the net profits interest in the underlying leases will be 10% of the development costs incurred by Eastern States to drill wells in the future. Eastern States currently anticipates drilling an average of approximately 200 wells per year on the underlying leases for at least the next five years. The effect of drilling these new wells will be to reduce the amount of net proceeds received by the trust in the near term, which will in turn reduce cash available for distribution by the trust to its unitholders. The amount of net proceeds may fluctuate seasonally as a result of the weather-related increase of drilling activity in the warmer months of each year. The purpose of development drilling is to increase production over levels that would be achieved in the absence of these expenditures. If the net proceeds from the underlying properties located in a particular state are less than zero for any quarter, the trust will not receive net proceeds from those properties until future proceeds from production in that state exceed the total of the excess costs plus accrued interest during the deficit period. Development activities may not generate sufficient additional revenue to repay the costs. PROVED RESERVE ESTIMATES ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE TRUST ARE UNCERTAIN. The value of the trust units will depend upon, among other things, the reserves attributable to the trust's net profits interests. The calculations of proved reserves included in this prospectus are only estimates. These estimates were prepared by Ryder Scott. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data, engineering and geological interpretation and judgment, and the assumptions used regarding quantities of recoverable natural gas and natural gas prices. Petroleum engineers consider many factors and make many assumptions in estimating reserves. Those factors and assumptions include: - historical production from the area compared with production rates from other producing areas; - the availability of pipeline delivery systems; - the effects of governmental regulation; and - assumptions about future commodity prices, production and development costs, and severance and property taxes. Changes in these assumptions can materially change reserve estimates. Ultimately, actual production, revenues and expenditures for the underlying properties will vary from estimates and those variations could be material. The trust's reserve quantities and revenues are based on estimates of reserves and revenues for the underlying properties. The method of allocating a portion of those reserves to the trust is complicated because the trust holds an interest in net profits and does not own a specific percentage of the natural gas reserves. See "The Underlying Properties -- Reserves" for a discussion of the method of allocating proved reserves to the trust. WEATHER CONDITIONS MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT THE DEMAND FOR AND PRICES PAID FOR NATURAL GAS. Generally, natural gas prices in the Appalachian Basin tend to be higher during the first and fourth quarters of the calendar year because a large percentage of the usage is for heating purposes. As a result, warmer than normal winter temperatures, particularly in the northeast United States, can significantly decrease the demand for natural gas and consequently reduce prices available in the marketplace. Also, warmer than normal winter temperatures will generally decrease the amount of the Appalachian Basin premium, as occurred in the winter of 1998/1999 when the Appalachian Basin premium realized by Eastern States averaged $0.15 per MMbtu compared to an average of $0.36 per MMbtu for the seven 17 22 winter periods from 1990/1991 through 1997/1998. The result of these conditions could decrease the amounts received by the trust for its net profits interests. INTERRUPTIONS ON THIRD PARTY PIPELINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS COULD REDUCE THE DELIVERY OF NATURAL GAS PRODUCED FROM THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES. Eastern States depends on the availability of third party pipeline delivery systems to transport over 90% of its natural gas. Any interruptions in the availability of these systems due to facilities maintenance requirements or other extraordinary events could inhibit the ability of Eastern States to sell its natural gas. For example, Columbia Transmission has shut down one of its pipelines in Kentucky from September 27, 1999 through November 15, 1999 for replacement of a portion of its pipeline system. This temporary shut-down will delay the delivery and sale of approximately 30% of Eastern States, natural gas production in Kentucky, most of which is attributable to the underlying properties. As a result of this shutdown, the revenues attributable to the underlying wells for the month of September 1999 and the fourth quarter of 1999 will be reduced, which in turn will reduce the amount of net proceeds payable to the trust. These interruptions could, therefore, decrease the amount of net proceeds payable the trust. RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TRUST UNITS NET PROCEEDS ARE DERIVED FROM THE SALE OF DEPLETING ASSETS. The net proceeds payable to the trust are derived from the sale of depleting assets. The reduction in proved reserve quantities is a common measure of depletion. Future maintenance and development projects on the underlying properties will affect the quantity of proved reserves and can offset the reduction in proved reserves. The timing and size of these projects will depend on the market prices of natural gas. If Eastern States, as operator of all of the underlying properties, does not implement additional maintenance and development projects, the future rate of production decline of proved reserves may be higher than the rate currently expected by Eastern States. Because net proceeds are derived from the sale of depleting assets, the portion of distributions to trust unitholders attributable to depletion may be considered a return of capital as opposed to a return on investment. Distributions that are a return on capital will ultimately diminish the depletion tax benefits available to the trust unitholders, which could reduce the market price of the trust units over time. THERE ARE RISKS INHERENT IN DRILLING NEW WELLS ON THE UNDERLYING LEASES. Eastern States anticipates drilling an average of approximately 200 new wells per year on the underlying leases for at least the next five years. No assurance can be given that any new wells will be successful or produce in commercial quantities or that the number of wells which are projected to be drilled will actually be drilled. The failure of new wells in Kentucky and West Virginia to produce in commercial quantities could cause the annual decline in production from the underlying properties to exceed 3% per year. PRODUCTION RISKS CAN ADVERSELY AFFECT TRUST DISTRIBUTIONS. The occurrence of drilling, production or transportation accidents at any of the underlying properties will reduce trust distributions by the amount of uninsured costs. These accidents may result in personal injuries, property damage, damage to productive formations or equipment and environmental damages. Any of these types of costs would be deducted in calculating net proceeds payable to the trust. Eastern States insures against some, but not all, of the hazards associated with the natural gas industry. For example, it is not insured against the following hazards: - fines and penalties; - pollution events occurring prior to Eastern States' acquisition date of the properties; - professional errors and omissions of engineers, geologists and surveyors; - loss or unrecoverability of oil and natural gas reserves; 18 23 - loss of downhole equipment; - loss of income due to third party failure to provide equipment or materials; and - war and associated events of civil unrest. As a result, Eastern States may become subject to liabilities or losses that could be substantial due to uninsured events. THE TRUST DOES NOT CONTROL OPERATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES. Neither the trustee nor the trust unitholders can influence or control the operation or future development of the underlying properties. Eastern States as operator of all of the underlying properties is under no obligation to continue operating the properties. Eastern States can sell any of the underlying properties or relinquish its ability to control or influence operations. Neither the trustee nor trust unitholders have the right to replace an operator. EASTERN STATES MAY TRANSFER OR ABANDON THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES. Eastern States may at any time transfer all or part of the underlying properties to another party. Unitholders will not be entitled to vote on any transfer, and the trust will not receive any proceeds of the transfer. Following any material transfer, the underlying properties will continue to be subject to the net profits interests of the trust, but the net proceeds from the transferred property would be calculated separately and paid by the transferee. The transferee would be responsible for all of Eastern States' obligations relating to the net profits interests on the portion of the underlying properties transferred, and Eastern States would have no continuing obligation to the trust for those properties. A transferee of the underlying properties, by virtue of the transfer, may be obligated to file reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Eastern States or any transferee may abandon any well or property, including the associated leases, if it reasonably believes that the well or property is not capable of producing or continuing production in quantities sufficient to justify further completion, development or operating expenditures, referred to as commercially economic quantities. Abandonment of a well could result in termination of the net profits interest relating to the abandoned well. For a further description of Eastern States' rights to abandon a well, see "The Underlying Properties -- Sale and Abandonment of Underlying Properties; Sale of Net Profits Interests." NET PROFITS INTERESTS CAN BE SOLD OR THE TRUST MAY BE TERMINATED. The trustee must sell the net profits interests if the holders of 66 2/3% or more of the trust units approve the sale or vote to terminate the trust. The trustee must also sell all the net profits interests in both states if the annual net proceeds from the underlying properties are less than $3.5 million in Kentucky for any two consecutive years after the year 2000 or less than $3.5 million in West Virginia for any two consecutive years after the year 2000. The sale of all the net profits interests will terminate the trust. The net proceeds from the sale of the trust's net profits interests will be distributed to the trust unitholders. EASTERN STATES' CONDITIONAL RIGHT OF REPURCHASE MAY FORCE INVESTORS TO SELL THEIR TRUST UNITS AT AN UNDESIRABLE TIME AND PRICE. Eastern States will retain the right to repurchase all, but not less than all, outstanding units at any time at which 15% or less of the outstanding units are owned by persons or entities other than Eastern States and its affiliates. These repurchases will be made at no less than the current market price. Because of this right, investors may be forced to sell their trust units at a time and price that is undesirable to them. 19 24 EASTERN STATES' DISPOSAL OF TRUST UNITS MAY REDUCE THE MARKET PRICE FOR TRUST UNITS. At the completion of the offering, Eastern States will own 2,625,000 trust units assuming the underwriters' over-allotment option is not exercised. If the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full, Eastern States will own 1,443,750 trust units. It may use some or all of the trust units it owns for a number of corporate purposes, including: - selling them for cash; and - exchanging them for interests in oil and natural gas properties or securities of oil and natural gas companies. If Eastern States sells these trust units or exchanges trust units in connection with acquisitions, then additional trust units will be available for sale in the market, which could result in a reduction in the market price of the trust units. Except for the limitation on selling trust units within 180 days following the date of this prospectus as discussed in "Underwriting," Eastern States is not obligated to maintain a minimum number of trust units. Eastern States' intentions will vary with market conditions. EASTERN STATES MAY ENTER INTO CONTRACTS OR RECEIVE PAYMENTS THAT ARE NOT NEGOTIATED IN ARM'S-LENGTH TRANSACTIONS. Eastern States and some of its affiliates receive payments for services relating to the underlying properties. Since the amounts to be paid to Eastern States for these services were not negotiated at arm's-length, they may exceed amounts that would be incurred for services from an unrelated third party. Payments to Eastern States and its affiliates will be deducted in determining net proceeds payable to the trust. This will reduce the amounts available for distribution to the trust unitholders. When calculating net proceeds from the underlying properties, the following will be deducted by Eastern States: - a fixed production fee for each well, including shut-in wells, temporarily abandoned wells and other inactive wells, calculated as follows: 1. a rate per well, except for wells completed below 7,000 feet, of $170 per month for those wells producing five or more Mcfe per day on an annual basis; or 2. a rate per well, except for wells completed below 7,000 feet, of $70 per month for those wells producing less than five Mcfe per day on an annual basis; or 3. a rate per well of $300 per month for those wells completed in a zone below 7,000 feet; subject in each case to an annual adjustment beginning April 1, 2001 in accordance with an industry standard set forth in the accounting procedures in the transfer documents; - development costs, including a drilling overhead fee of $36,000 for each well drilled or deepened to another formation, zone or horizon on the underlying properties on or after September 1, 1999, subject to an annual adjustment beginning April 1, 2001 in accordance with an industry standard set forth in the accounting procedures in the transfer documents; - Eastern States' charges to gather and compress the natural gas at actual cost, plus reimbursement for depreciation and to provide a return on investment of its gathering and compression systems based on a per Mcfe gathered basis; and - a fixed overhead fee per well of $65 per month, including shut-in wells, temporarily abandoned wells and other inactive wells, subject to an annual adjustment beginning April 1, 2001 in accordance with an industry standard set forth in the accounting procedures in the transfer documents, including engineering, accounting and administrative functions. In addition, Eastern States typically sells a portion of the production from the underlying properties to its affiliate, Statoil Energy Services, at market-based prices. Eastern States intends to continue to do so in the future, to the extent the terms available from Statoil Energy Services are acceptable. In 1998, approximately 68% of Eastern States' natural gas production was sold to Statoil Energy Services. Even if 20 25 Eastern States considers such terms acceptable, however, Eastern States cannot assure you that such terms will be as good as, or exceed, those available from unrelated third parties. For a description of our current contract with Statoil Energy Services, see "The Underlying Properties -- Gas Purchase Contracts." EASTERN STATES MAY HAVE INTERESTS THAT ARE DIFFERENT FROM YOURS. Because Eastern States has interests in natural gas properties in the Appalachian Basin that are not included in the underlying properties, Eastern States may have interests that are different from yours. For example, - in setting budgets for development and production expenditures for Eastern States' properties, including the underlying properties, Eastern States may make decisions that could adversely affect future production from the underlying properties. These decisions could include reducing development expenditures on the underlying properties, which could cause natural gas production to decline at a faster rate and ultimately result in lower future trust distributions; - Eastern States could continue to operate an underlying property and continue to earn an overhead fee even though abandonment of the property might result in more net proceeds being available to trust unitholders; and - Eastern States could decide to sell or abandon some or all of the underlying properties, and that decision may not be in the best interests of the trust unitholders. For example, Eastern States might sell some or all of the underlying properties to a third party who could reduce development expenditures on those properties, or Eastern States might abandon a marginal well that otherwise would continue to produce a net profit to the trust. Except for specified matters that require approval of the trust unitholders described in "Description of the Trust Agreement," the documents governing the trust do not provide a mechanism for resolving these conflicting interests. TRUST UNITHOLDERS WILL HAVE LIMITED VOTING RIGHTS AND NO ABILITY TO INFLUENCE OPERATIONS OF THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES. Your voting rights as a trust unitholder are more limited than those of stockholders of most public corporations. For example, there is no requirement for annual meetings of trust unitholders or for an annual or other periodic re-election of the trustee. Additionally, trust unitholders have no voting rights in Eastern States and therefore will have no ability to influence its operation and development of the underlying properties. TRUST UNITHOLDERS WILL HAVE LIMITED ABILITY TO ENFORCE RIGHTS AGAINST EASTERN STATES. The trust agreement and related trust law permit the trustee and the trust to sue Eastern States or any other future owner of the underlying properties to honor the net profits interests. If the trustee does not take the actions that you consider appropriate to enforce provisions of the trust agreement and the trust laws of the State of Delaware, your recourse as a trust unitholder would likely be limited to bringing a lawsuit against the trustee to compel the trustee to enforce the provisions of the trust agreement. You probably would not be able to sue Eastern States or any future owner of the underlying properties. COURTS IN SOME JURISDICTIONS MAY NOT GIVE EFFECT TO THE SAME LIMITED LIABILITY OF TRUST UNITHOLDERS THAT IS RECOGNIZED UNDER DELAWARE LAW; THEREFORE, TRUST UNITHOLDERS COULD HAVE PERSONAL LIABILITY FOR THE TRUST'S LIABILITIES. Consistent with Delaware law, the trust agreement provides that the trust unitholders will have the same limitation on liability as is accorded under the laws of Delaware to stockholders of a corporation for profit. No assurance can be given, however, that the courts in jurisdictions outside of Delaware will give effect to this limitation. 21 26 EASTERN STATES' LIABILITY TO THE TRUST IS LIMITED. The instruments by which the net profits interests are transferred to the trust provide that Eastern States will not be liable to the trust for performing its duties in operating the underlying properties as long as it acts in good faith. As a result, damage to a reservoir from drilling operations, delays in drilling, completing, reworking or selling production from a well or failure to enter into a gas sales contract with a particular buyer on favorable terms, and other similar events, will not subject Eastern States to liability to trust unitholders so long as its actions were taken in good faith. THERE ARE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE FINANCIAL CONDITION OF EASTERN STATES AND ITS AFFILIATES. Eastern States is engaged primarily in the exploration, development, production, transportation and marketing of natural gas in the Appalachian Basin. The ability of Eastern States to operate the underlying properties in a manner to generate net profits to the trust will be dependent upon its future financial condition and economic performance, which in turn will depend upon the supply and demand for natural gas, prevailing economic conditions and other factors that are beyond the control of Eastern States. From time to time, Eastern States may enter into hedging contracts for some of its natural gas production at specified prices for a period of time. Any gains or losses from hedging activities will not affect amounts paid to the trust, but large losses under these hedging contracts could have an adverse impact on the financial condition of Eastern States. An affiliate of Eastern States, Statoil Energy Services, Inc., currently purchases approximately 65% of the natural gas produced by Eastern States pursuant to an existing contract. The ability of Statoil Energy Services to perform its obligations under the contract will be dependent upon its future financial condition and economic performance, which in turn will depend upon the supply and demand for natural gas, prevailing economic conditions and upon financial, business and other factors beyond the control of Eastern States and Statoil Energy Services. AN IRS RULING WILL NOT BE REQUESTED BY EASTERN STATES. The trust has received an opinion of tax counsel that the trust is a "grantor trust" for federal income tax purposes. This means that: - the trust will not be taxed as a corporation; - you will be taxed directly on your pro rata share of the net income of the trust, regardless of whether all of that net income is distributed to you; and - you will be allowed depletion deductions equal to the greater of percentage depletion or cost depletion, computed on the tax basis of your trust units, and your pro rata share of other deductions of the trust. For a discussion of the material federal income tax consequences of the ownership and sale of the trust units, see "Federal Income Tax Consequences" beginning on page 54. Tax counsel believes that its opinion is in accordance with the present position of the IRS regarding grantor trusts. Neither Eastern States nor the property trustee has requested a ruling from the IRS regarding these tax questions. Neither Eastern States nor the property trustee can assure you that they would be granted a ruling if requested or that the IRS will continue this position in the future. Trust unitholders should be aware of possible state tax implications of owning trust units. For a brief summary of the material state tax considerations affecting the trust and trust unitholders, see "State Tax Considerations" beginning on page 58. THE TRUST'S NET PROFITS INTERESTS MAY NOT BE RESPECTED IN A BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDING. Eastern States believes that the net profits interests should constitute real property interests under Kentucky law, and a transferable economic interest under West Virginia law. Approximately 78% of the 22 27 gross acreage that is burdened by the net profits interests is located in West Virginia. If during the term of the trust Eastern States or any successor owner of the underlying properties should become a debtor in a bankruptcy proceeding, it is not entirely clear that the net profits interests would be treated as real property interests under the laws of Kentucky, or as a transferable economic interest under West Virginia law. If a determination were made in a bankruptcy proceeding that a net profits interest did not constitute a real property interest or a transferable economic interest under applicable state law, it could be designated an executory contract. An executory contract is a term used, but not defined, in the federal bankruptcy code to refer to a contract under which the obligations of both the debtor and the other party are so unsatisfied that the failure of either to complete performance would constitute a material breach excusing performance by the other. If a net profits interest were designated an executory contract and rejected in the bankruptcy proceeding, Eastern States would not be required to perform its obligations under the net profits interest and the trust would seek damages as one of Eastern States's unsecured creditors. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Some statements made by Eastern States in this prospectus under "Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash," statements pertaining to future development activities and costs and other statements contained in this prospectus are prospective and constitute forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on Eastern States' current projections and estimates and are identified by words such as "expects," "intends," "plans," "projects," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates" and similar words. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. The most significant risks, uncertainties and other factors are discussed under "Risk Factors" above. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are: - natural gas price fluctuations; - the availability of funds for future development programs; - the results of the planned development program; - potential delays or failure to achieve expected production from the underlying properties; - potential disruption of operations because of our failure or the failure of others with whom we have material relationships to achieve timely Year 2000 compliance; and - potential liability resulting from litigation. In addition, these forward-looking statements may be affected by general domestic and international economic and political conditions. USE OF PROCEEDS Eastern States will receive all proceeds from the sale of trust units after deducting underwriting discounts and expenses of the offering paid by Eastern States. The trust will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the trust units. The net proceeds before deducting expenses will be approximately $146.5 million, and will increase to approximately $168.4 million if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, assuming an initial public offering price of $20.00 per trust unit. Eastern States intends to use the net proceeds from the offering to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness owed to Statoil Energy Holdings, Inc. At September 30, 1999, Eastern States' outstanding indebtedness under the promissory note with Statoil Energy Holdings was $505.5 million. This promissory note has an 8% annual rate of interest. 23 28 EASTERN STATES Eastern States, a corporation organized in Delaware, is an independent energy company engaged in the development, production, acquisition, marketing, gathering and transportation of natural gas and oil in the Appalachian Basin. Eastern States is the largest owner of proved natural gas reserves in the Appalachian Basin. Substantially all of Eastern States' natural gas and oil reserves are located in Kentucky, Ohio, Virginia and West Virginia. For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, Eastern States had total revenue of $18.2 million, $65.4 million and $104.7 million, and for the first six months of 1999, Eastern States had total revenue of $57.7 million. For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, Eastern States had net income of $3.9 million, $9.2 million and $8.3 million, and for the first six months of 1999, Eastern States had net income of $6.0 million. Eastern States currently owns and operates over 5,700 wells in the Appalachian Basin. At December 31, 1998, Eastern States' estimated net proved reserves were 1,062 Bcfe, of which 709 Bcfe, or 67%, were proved developed. The estimated discounted future net cash flows of Eastern States' proved reserves before United States income taxes were $675 million as of December 31, 1998. For the six months ended June 30, 1999, total average net sales meter natural gas and oil production was 104 MMcfe per day, 98% of which was natural gas. Eastern States is continually evaluating oil and natural gas properties and other investment opportunities in addition to its development and operations of existing properties, including the underlying properties. Eastern States is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy. Statoil Energy also: - owns and operates power plants throughout the northeast and the mid-Atlantic region; - is a leading trader of wholesale electricity and natural gas; and - specializes in providing a broad range of energy and risk management services involving the delivery of natural gas, electricity and alternative fuels to large industrial, institutional and commercial customers. - through its indirect wholly owned subsidiary, Eastern States Exploration Company, owns and operates approximately 600 wells in Pennsylvania, with estimated net proved reserves of 39 Bcfe at December 31, 1998 and an average net daily sales meter production of 6 MMcfe for the six months ended June 30, 1999. Eastern States does not own any interest in Eastern States Exploration Company. Statoil Energy is currently an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of The Statoil Group. The Statoil Group has substantial ongoing commitments associated with various development projects worldwide and has numerous international investment opportunities competing for limited capital. Based upon those capital commitments, various assets and interests, including Statoil Energy, were evaluated for strategic ranking, possible sale or joint venture. Based upon that evaluation, The Statoil Group concluded that it was unable to continue to fund Statoil Energy's planned increase of the scale of its operations and targeted it for a possible joint venture. The Statoil Group retained an investment banking firm, Credit Suisse First Boston, early in 1999 to implement The Statoil Group's strategy with respect to Statoil Energy. These activities initially focused on a search for a 50% strategic partner to obtain and combine complementary assets and activities to pursue business opportunities in the sector of the U.S. energy market not regulated by the FERC. Based upon the results of its efforts to pursue this joint venture strategy, The Statoil Group and its financial advisor concluded that prospective partners, primarily utility companies, were not interested in sharing the corporate governance and capital requirements of Statoil Energy. As a result, on October 13, 1999 The Statoil Group announced that it plans to sell its equity ownership in Statoil Energy and has initiated discussions with several companies in that regard. 24 29 None of The Statoil Group, Statoil Energy or Eastern States can provide assurance that such a sale will be made or when such a sale might be concluded. While The Statoil Group is currently exploring the possible sale of Statoil Energy and its subsidiaries, including Eastern States, The Statoil Group may determine that the sale of individual assets or divisions, including Eastern States, is more appropriate. If a sale of Statoil Energy or Eastern States is made, there is no assurance that it would not adversely affect Eastern States or its ability to operate and develop the underlying properties as contemplated herein. However, any successor to Eastern States would be subject to the obligations of Eastern States under the transfer documents and the Trust Agreement. After the closing of this offering, Eastern States will continue to own and operate the underlying properties from which the net profits interests were conveyed. For additional information regarding Eastern States, see "Information About Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc.," beginning on page A-1. PURCHASERS OF TRUST UNITS WILL NOT ACQUIRE INTERESTS IN OR OBLIGATIONS OF EASTERN STATES, STATOIL ENERGY OR THE STATOIL GROUP. NONE OF EASTERN STATES, STATOIL ENERGY OR THE STATOIL GROUP OWES ANY FIDUCIARY DUTY TO THE TRUST UNITHOLDERS. THE TRUST The trust was formed in August 1999 under the Delaware Business Trust Act by the filing of a certificate of trust with the Delaware Secretary of State. The trust has a property trustee, Bank One, Texas, N.A. and a Delaware trustee, Bank One Delaware, Inc. The day-to-day operations of the trust will be managed by a vice president and other officers of the property trustee's Corporate Trust Administration Department. The Delaware Trustee will have only minimal rights and duties as necessary to satisfy the requirements of the Delaware Business Trust Act. At the closing of this offering, the trust agreement will be amended and restated and will contain the material terms described in "Description of the Trust Agreement." Effective September 1, 1999, Eastern States will convey the net profits interests to the trust in exchange for all of the trust units. The trustee can authorize the trust to borrow money to pay trust administrative or incidental expenses that exceed cash held by the trust. The property trustee may authorize the trust to borrow from the property trustee as a lender. Because the property trustee is a fiduciary, the terms of the loan must be fair to the trust unitholders. The property trustee may also deposit funds awaiting distribution in an account with itself, if the interest paid to the trust at least equals amounts paid by the property trustee on similar deposits. The trust will pay the trustees a fee of 0.20% of trust cash, before administrative expenses, per year, which is estimated to be approximately $45,800 for the year 2000, and a fee of $7,500 for services to terminate the trust. The trust will also incur legal, accounting and engineering fees, printing costs and other expenses that will be deducted from the net proceeds received by the trust before distributions are made to trust unitholders. Total administrative expenses of the trust are expected to be approximately $300,000 for the year 2000. PROJECTED YEAR 2000 DISTRIBUTABLE CASH The net profits interests will be created through two transfer documents to the trust of Eastern States' interests in the 2,471 underlying wells and all wells drilled on the underlying leases on or after September 1, 1999. The net profits interests entitle the trust to receive 80% of the net proceeds received by Eastern States from the sale of natural gas from the underlying wells and 10% of the net proceeds received by Eastern States from the sale of natural gas produced by wells drilled on or after September 1, 1999 on the underlying leases. Net proceeds equals the gross proceeds received by Eastern States from the sale of production from the underlying properties less property and production taxes, production costs, gathering and compression charges, development costs and administrative and drilling overhead attributable to the underlying properties. For a more detailed description of net proceeds, see "Computation of Net Proceeds" on page 51 of this prospectus. 25 30 The amount of trust revenues and cash distributions to trust unitholders will depend on: - natural gas prices; - the volume of natural gas produced and sold; - the ability of Eastern States to successfully complete wells drilled after the offering; and - production, development and other costs. PROJECTED YEAR 2000 DISTRIBUTABLE CASH The following table provides a projection of distributable cash related to the production for the 12 months ending December 31, 2000. This projection assumes sales volumes and production and development costs estimated by Ryder Scott. A copy of the Ryder Scott reserve report for the net profits interest is included as Exhibit B to this prospectus. Generally, Eastern States sells the natural gas from the underlying properties under existing contracts that have market-based pricing terms. For the year 2000, Eastern States has entered into a hedge agreement for the benefit of the trust. Under this hedge agreement, which is often referred to as a "collar" arrangement, Eastern States has agreed that if the final monthly closing NYMEX price for natural gas in any month during year 2000 is less than $ per MMbtu or more than $ per MMbtu, then Eastern States will calculate the net proceeds payable to the trust for gas produced during that month based upon the $ per MMbtu "floor" price or the $ per MMbtu "ceiling" price, respectively. The calculations in the projections assume a weighted average NYMEX sales price for year 2000 of $ per MMbtu, which is the mid-point of the hedge agreement. After the year 2000, the price payable for production attributable to the net profits interests will be a variable price not subject to a hedge agreement and may be less than the $ per MMbtu "floor" price, or more than $ per MMbtu "ceiling" price, specified under the hedge agreement. The assumed NYMEX price of $2.50 per Mmbtu was then increased by an Appalachian Basin premium of $0.28 per MMbtu and a Btu adjustment of $0.36 per MMbtu based on an average Btu content of 1,131 per cubic foot and reduced for third party gathering and compression charges of $0.16 per Mcf, a 5.4% compressor fuel and line loss charge by Eastern States of $0.16 per Mcf and Eastern States' gathering and compression charge of $0.23 per Mcf, resulting in an average net wellhead price of $2.59 per Mcf of natural gas. Oil prices of $18.00 per Bbl were also assumed. Eastern States has prepared this projection as its best estimate of trust distributable cash for the year 2000, on an accrual or production basis, based on these pricing assumptions and other assumptions that are described in "-- Significant Assumptions Used to Prepare the Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash." Because the projections are prepared on an accrual or production basis for calendar year 2000, the projections represent an estimate of cash that would be distributed to unitholders on or about June 25, 2000, September 25, 2000, December 25, 2000 and March 25, 2001. The projections and the assumptions on which they are based are subject to significant uncertainties, many of which are beyond the control of Eastern States or the trust. ACTUAL 2000 DISTRIBUTABLE CASH, THEREFORE, COULD VARY SIGNIFICANTLY BASED UPON CHANGES IN ANY OF THESE ASSUMPTIONS. Distributable cash is particularly sensitive to natural gas prices. See "-- Sensitivity of Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash to Natural Gas Prices" which shows estimated effects on projected year 2000 distributable cash from changes in natural gas prices. As a result of the effects of the "collar" arrangement described above during the year 2000, however, distributable cash for production after the year 2000 will be more sensitive to changes in prevailing gas prices than is reflected in the referenced disclosure. As a result of typical production declines for natural gas properties, and, subject to the success of the drilling of development wells, production estimates generally decrease from year to year. Due to the seasonal demand for natural gas, the amount of distributable cash may vary on a seasonal basis. Furthermore, cash available for distribution may be subject to further seasonal variation since the weather-related adjustment of drilling activity may result in higher capital expenditures during the warmer months 26 31 of each year, when historically lower gas prices are realized. For example, in the year 2000, Eastern States expects to drill on the underlying properties approximately 15 wells in the first quarter, approximately 55 wells in the second quarter, approximately 80 wells in the third quarter and approximately 50 wells in the fourth quarter. ACCORDINGLY, THE PROJECTED YEAR 2000 DISTRIBUTABLE CASH IS NOT NECESSARILY INDICATIVE OF DISTRIBUTIONS FOR FUTURE YEARS. A PORTION OF EACH DISTRIBUTION MAY REPRESENT A RETURN OF YOUR ORIGINAL INVESTMENT, RATHER THAN A RETURN ON YOUR ORIGINAL INVESTMENT. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEPLETING NATURE OF THE ASSETS OF THE TRUST, SEE "RISK FACTORS -- NET PROCEEDS ARE DERIVED FROM THE SALE OF DEPLETING ASSETS." PRODUCTION FROM PRODUCTION FROM NEW WELLS ON COMBINED NET UNDERLYING WELLS UNDERLYING LEASES PROFITS INTEREST ---------------- ----------------- ---------------- ($ IN THOUSANDS) Underlying Properties Volumes Produced: Natural gas: Gross production (MMcf)..................... 16,485 5,248 13,713 Less a 1% allowance for facilities maintenance (MMcf)............ (165) (53) (137) ------- -------- ------- Net production (MMcf)....................... 16,320 5,195 13,576 Oil: Gross production (MBbls).................... 15.0 -- 12.0 Less a 1% allowance for facilities maintenance (MBbls)........... (0.2) -- (0.1) ------- -------- ------- Net production (MBbls)...................... 14.8 -- 11.9 Assumed Sales Price of Natural Gas: NYMEX (MMbtu)................................. $ 2.50 Plus Appalachian Basin and Contract Premium (MMbtu)..................................... 0.28 ------- Average Sales Meter Price (MMbtu)........... 2.78 Plus Btu Adjustment........................... 0.36 ------- Average Sales Meter Price (Mcf)............. 3.14 Less Third Party Gathering and Compression Charge (Mcf)................................ (0.16) ------- Average Net Sales Meter Price (Mcf)........... 2.98 Less Compressor Fuel and Line Loss............ (0.16) Less Eastern States' Gathering and Compression Charge (Mcf).................... (0.23) ------- Average Net Wellhead Price (per Mcf)........ $ 2.59 $ 2.59 $ 2.59 ======= ======== ======= Assumed Sales Price of Oil (per Bbl)............. $ 18.00 -- $ 18.00 ======= ======== ======= Calculation of Distributable Cash Revenues: Natural gas sales............................. $42,236 $ 13,446 $35,134 Oil sales..................................... 267 -- 213 ------- -------- ------- Total.................................... 42,503 13,446 35,347 ------- -------- ------- 27 32 PRODUCTION FROM PRODUCTION FROM NEW WELLS ON COMBINED NET UNDERLYING WELLS UNDERLYING LEASES PROFITS INTEREST ---------------- ----------------- ---------------- ($ IN THOUSANDS) Costs: Production and property taxes................. 3,443 1,089 2,863 Production costs.............................. 4,510 302 3,639 Development costs and drilling overhead....... -- 44,249 4,425 Overhead...................................... 1,875 115 1,511 ------- -------- ------- Total.................................... 9,828 45,755 12,438 ------- -------- ------- Net proceeds.................................. 32,675 (32,309) 22,909 Net profits percentage........................ 80% 10% ------- -------- ------- Trust cash.................................... 26,140 (3,231) 22,909 Trust administrative expenses................. 300 ------- Trust distributable cash...................... $22,609 ======= Trust distributable cash per trust unit (10,500,000 trust units).................... $ 2.15 ======= CASH DISTRIBUTION AS A PERCENTAGE AMOUNT OF $20.00 TRUST UNIT PRICE ------ --------------------------------- Per Trust Unit (10,500,000 trust units): Total cash distributions (and taxable income before depletion)........................................... $ 2.15 10.75% Cost depletion tax deduction............................ (0.91) ------ Taxable income.......................................... 1.24 Income tax rate(a)...................................... 39.6% ------ Income tax to unitholders............................... (0.49) ------ Net cash distributions after tax to unitholders......... $ 1.66 8.30% ====== ===== - --------------- (a) Assumes maximum federal effective tax rate applicable to individuals, but does not take into account state income taxes that may be payable by unitholders to Kentucky and West Virginia or their state of residence. SIGNIFICANT ASSUMPTIONS USED TO PREPARE THE PROJECTED YEAR 2000 DISTRIBUTABLE CASH Timing of Actual Distributions. In preparing the projected year 2000 distributable cash described above and the sensitivity tables below, the projected revenues and expenses of the trust were calculated based on the terms of the transfer documents creating the net profits interests. These calculations are described under "Computation of Net Proceeds," except that amounts for the projection and sensitivity tables were calculated on an accrual or production basis rather than the cash basis prescribed by the transfer documents. As a result, the proceeds of production for the fourth quarter of the year 2000, and reflected in the projection and tables, will actually enter into the calculation of net proceeds to be received by the trust and distributed to unitholders on or before March 25, 2001, since payments are made to Eastern States for sales of production 55 to 60 days after the month of sale. Net proceeds from production for the fourth quarter of 1999 will in fact be received by the trust and distributed to unitholders in March 2000. The actual amount of the distribution received by trust unitholders in the first quarter of the year 2000 will be based on actual production during the quarter commencing October 1, 1999. Accordingly, the projections represent an estimate of cash that would be distributed to unitholders on or before June 25, 2000, September 25, 2000, December 25, 2000 and March 25, 2001 and relate to production for the year 2000. Production Estimates. Production estimates for the year 2000 are based on estimates for the underlying properties by Ryder Scott as described in their reserve report included as Exhibit A to this prospectus. Production from the underlying properties for the year 2000 is estimated to be 21.8 Bcfe, net to Eastern States. Eastern States then adjusts such production estimates by deducting 1% as an allowance 28 33 for facilities maintenance. For example, from time to time gathering or transmission pipelines, production equipment or other facilities are shut down for scheduled or unscheduled maintenance, which can reduce volumes produced from Eastern States' wells below expected levels. Differing levels of production will result in different levels of distributions and cash returns. Natural Gas Prices. Natural gas prices assumed in the year 2000 projected distributable cash estimate are based on wellhead prices for natural gas. The wellhead price of $2.59 per Mcf was determined as follows: NYMEX Price. Eastern States assumed a NYMEX price of $2.50 per MMbtu in calculating the average wellhead natural gas price, which is the mid-point of the "collar" arrangement described above. The NYMEX futures market for the year 2000 as of September 30, 1999 was $2.66 per MMbtu. Appalachian Basin and Contract Premium. Eastern States increased the NYMEX price of $2.50 per MMbtu by an assumed Appalachian Basin premium of $0.28 per MMbtu. For the period 1996 through 1998, natural gas price indices in the Appalachian Basin have averaged an annual premium of $0.26 per MMbtu more than prices for natural gas contracts traded on the NYMEX for the delivery of gas at Henry Hub, Louisiana. During these three years, the average annual Appalachian Basin premium has ranged from $0.14 per MMbtu to $0.47 per MMbtu. Historically, the premium has been higher in the first and fourth quarters of the calendar year than in the second and third quarters. In addition to the assumed Appalachian Basin premium of $0.26 per MMbtu, Eastern States assumed an additional $0.02 per MMbtu premium received pursuant to existing contracts that provide for the sale of approximately 90% of Eastern States' natural gas production. The inclusion of the Appalachian Basin premium results in an average sales meter price of $2.78 per MMbtu. The price for natural gas sold under the existing gas purchase contracts is based on a price published by Inside-FERC. This published price is on a MMBtu basis. The projected year 2000 distributable cash is presented on a Mcf basis. In order to adjust natural gas prices from a MMBtu basis to a Mcf basis, it is necessary to increase the Mcf price by the Appalachian Basin premium and the Btu adjustment. As discussed below, the conversion to a Mcf basis is completed after the Btu adjustment. For a description of the existing gas purchase contracts, including the determination of the purchase price, see "The Underlying Properties -- Gas Purchase Contracts." Btu Adjustment. The average sales meter price of $2.78 per MMbtu is increased by an assumed Btu adjustment of $0.36. This increase results in an average sales meter price of $3.14 per Mcf. Eastern States assumes that production from the underlying properties will have a Btu content for each cubic foot of natural gas of 1,131 based on actual production data from the underlying properties for the eight months ended August 31, 1999. This high Btu content has historically provided an average 13.1% premium over the standard measure of 1,000 Btu per cubic foot when calculating realized prices on a per Mcf basis. The Btu adjustment converts the price per MMbtu into a per Mcf equivalent by increasing the sum of the NYMEX price plus the Appalachian Basin Premium by 13.1%. Third Party Gathering and Compression Charge. Eastern States subtracts an assumed average of $0.16 per Mcf for third party gathering and compression charges from the average sales meter price to arrive at an average net sales meter price of $2.98 per Mcf. Eastern States assumed $0.16 per Mcf based on its estimate of the costs to transport natural gas production from the underlying properties in the year 2000 through third party gathering systems. As a result of the completion of various pipeline projects by Eastern States in 1998 and early 1999, approximately one-third of Eastern States' natural gas production is subject to third party gathering and compression charges. Third party gathering and compression charges are typically approximately $0.50 per Mcf. The assumed $0.16 per Mcf charge represents a weighted average of all of Eastern States natural gas production, assuming third parties continue to gather and compress approximately one-third of Eastern States projected year 2000 natural gas production. 29 34 Compressor Fuel and Line Loss. In accordance with the transfer documents and in connection with gathering and compression services to be performed by Eastern States, Eastern States will deduct a charge for volumes consumed for compressor fuel and for volumes lost during gathering and compression. These lost volumes are referred to as line loss. For purposes of this presentation, an assumed fuel and line loss of approximately 5.4% of the average net sales meter price of $2.98 per Mcf has been deducted. This assumed fuel and line loss charge equates to $0.16 per Mcf. The amount deducted, that is, approximately 5.4% of the average net sales meter price, is based on Eastern States' historical production data. The actual amounts to be deducted will be based upon the actual volumes so consumed or lost by Eastern States in performing these services, which will vary based upon the actual volumes gathered and compressed by Eastern States. Eastern States' Gathering and Compression Charge. In accordance with the transfer documents, Eastern States will deduct an assumed $0.23 per Mcf for its gathering and compression charge. This charge represents estimated gathering and compression costs of $0.09 per Mcf, plus reimbursement for depreciation and a return on investment of its gathering and compression systems of $0.14 per Mcf. The $0.09 per Mcf is equal to the actual cost per Mcf incurred by Eastern States during the eight months ended August 31, 1999 to gather and compress natural gas produced from the underlying properties. The $0.14 per Mcf is equal to the charge per Mcf that would have been deducted by Eastern States during the eight months ended August 31, 1999 to reimburse it for depreciation and to provide a return on its investment in its gathering and compression systems. The projected charge of $0.23 per Mcf for natural gas gathered and compressed by Eastern States has been projected in accordance with the projected year 2000 volumes assumed to be gathered and compressed by Eastern States. For a further description of these charges, see "Computation of Net Proceeds -- Net Profits Interests." In early 1999, Eastern States completed a major pipeline project which reduced the amount of its natural gas production subject to third party gathering and compression charges which increased net proceeds. These reduced third party gathering and compression charges and corresponding increase in net proceeds will be offset in part by the reimbursement to Eastern States for depreciation and a return on investment of its gathering and compression systems described above. However, if location, quality and other differentials return in the future to more normal levels, there may be more significant differences between the natural gas price received and the NYMEX price. The adjustments to wellhead natural gas prices applied in the foregoing tables are based upon an analysis by Eastern States of the historic price differentials for production from the underlying properties with consideration given to the Appalachian Basin premium, Btu content, both third party and internal gathering and compression charges, and fuel and line loss that may affect these differentials in the year 2000. There is no assurance that these assumed differentials will recur in the year 2000 since they are dependent upon numerous factors outside Eastern States' control. When natural gas prices decline, the operators of the underlying properties may elect to reduce or completely suspend production. No adjustments have been made to estimated year 2000 production to reflect potential reductions or suspensions of production. Oil Prices. Oil sales are realized based on posted prices for Appalachian Basin production, which has historically been priced at a discount of $2.00 to $3.00 from the posted price for West Texas Intermediate crude oil. Production Costs. For calendar year 2000, Eastern States will charge a fixed overhead fee per well for production costs for wells on the underlying properties. Except for those wells completed below 7,000 feet, Eastern States will deduct a monthly fixed production fee of $170 per well for wells producing five or more Mcf per day and $70 per well for those wells producing less than five Mcf per day. For wells completed in a zone more than 7,000 feet below the surface, Eastern States will charge $300 per month. Wells that are shut-in, temporarily abandoned or otherwise inactive for mechanical reasons or pipeline constraints or because they may no longer be economic to continue to produce will be charged the applicable monthly fixed production cost if they are completed in a zone above 7,000 feet and $300 if they are completed in a 30 35 zone below 7,000 feet. Each of these fixed costs is subject to adjustment beginning April 1, 2001 in accordance with an industry standard set forth in the accounting procedures in the transfer documents. The estimated costs for year 2000 are based upon the Ryder Scott reserve report included as Exhibit A to this prospectus. The fixed amount of production costs deducted when calculating net proceeds is reduced by approximately 3%, which amount represents the average percentage working interest in the underlying properties that Eastern States does not own. It is assumed that the other working interest owners will bear the remaining portion of production costs. For a description of production costs, see "Computation of Net Proceeds -- Net Profits Interests." Development Costs and Drilling Overhead. In calculating net proceeds, Eastern States will be reimbursed for all development costs attributable to the underlying properties, plus a drilling overhead fee of $36,000 for each well drilled or deepened to another formation, zone or horizon on the underlying properties on or after September 1, 1999. This drilling overhead fee is subject to adjustment beginning April 1, 2001 in accordance with an industry standard set forth in the accounting procedures in the transfer documents. For the year 2000, Eastern States expects to drill approximately 200 wells on the underlying leases resulting in development costs of approximately $44 million, which includes a drilling overhead fee of $7.1 million. The drilling overhead fee, which represents approximately 20% of estimated development cost, covers the cost of geologists and engineers, as well as reimbursement for lease acquisition costs, which in some cases are substantial. To take advantage of more favorable weather conditions, Eastern States expects to seasonally adjust its drilling activity and to drill more wells during the warmer months of each year, which may result in higher than average annual capital expenditures during those periods and lower than average annual capital expenditures during the winter months. For a further description of these overhead charges, see "Computation of Net Proceeds -- Net Profits Interests." It is assumed that Eastern States will own a 98% working interest in all wells drilled on or after September 1, 1999. Overhead. For the year 2000, Eastern States will charge a $65 per month fixed overhead fee per producing well on the underlying properties. This fee will continue to be charged in the event a well is shut-in, temporarily abandoned or otherwise inactive. This overhead fee will no longer be charged once a well is plugged and abandoned. Prior to the closing of this offering, Eastern States has not charged an overhead fee. This fixed cost is subject to an adjustment beginning April 1, 2001 in accordance with an industry standard set forth in the accounting procedures in the transfer documents. This overhead fee is in addition to the production fee described under "-- Production Costs" above. The fixed amount of overhead deducted when calculating net proceeds is reduced by approximately 3%, which amount represents the average percentage working interest in the underlying properties that Eastern States does not own. It is assumed that the other working interest owners will bear the remaining portions of overhead. Administrative Expenses. Trust administrative expenses for the year 2000 are assumed to be $300,000 ($0.03 per trust unit). For a further description of the trust's administrative expenses, see "The Trust." Projected After-Tax Cash Distributions as a Percentage of Trust Unit Price of $20.00. Because the net profits interests are a depleting asset, a portion of this distribution may be considered a return of your original investment. Except for tax purposes, the portion that would be considered a return of original investment is not determinable until the trust unit is sold by a trust unitholder. For a discussion of alternative ways of measuring the depletion of oil and natural gas assets, see "Risk Factors -- Net proceeds are derived from the sale of depleting assets." The Projected After-Tax Cash Distributions as a Percentage of Trust Unit Price of $20.00 were computed by: - taking into account a cost depletion tax deduction of $0.91 per trust unit; - determining the amount of federal income tax that would be paid on the taxable income attributable to a unit at the highest effective tax rate applicable to individuals for 1999 of 39.6%; - subtracting the federal income tax to unitholders from the annual cash distributions; and - dividing the result by $20.00 per trust unit. 31 36 Cost depletion is calculated by multiplying the assumed trust unit purchase price of $20.00 by the cost depletion rate of 4.55%. Cost depletion is recaptured upon sale of the trust units, which results in the taxation of any gain on sale as ordinary income, as opposed to capital gain, up to the amount of cost depletion previously deducted. When the distributions are less than $0.91 per trust unit, the Projected After-Tax Cash Distributions as a Percentage of Trust Unit Price of $20.00 would be the same or greater than the Projected Pre-Tax Cash Distributions as a Percentage of Trust Unit Price because of cost depletion. In all instances, each trust unitholder is assumed to have a regular federal income tax liability sufficient to utilize the depletion deduction. Alternative minimum tax and state income tax implications have not been considered. SENSITIVITY OF PROJECTED YEAR 2000 DISTRIBUTABLE CASH TO NATURAL GAS PRICES Eastern States prepared the following unaudited tables, which demonstrate the estimated effect that changes in the estimated year 2000 production and in the price for natural gas could have on the trust's distributable cash. Average annual NYMEX natural gas prices of less than $ per MMbtu or more than $ per MMbtu are not included in the tables below because prices for the trust's portion of year 2000 production is subject to the hedge agreement provided by Eastern States. For a description of this hedge agreement, see "-- Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash" that begins on page 26. The following tables show: - the projected distributable cash per trust unit for the year 2000 on the accrual or production basis; - the resulting projected distributable cash per trust unit as a percentage of the purchase price of the trust unit; and - the resulting projected distributable cash per trust unit as a percentage of the purchase price of the trust unit, after payment of all federal income tax, net of available deductions at the highest effective federal tax rate applicable to individuals of 39.6%. THE TABLES BELOW ARE NOT A PROJECTION OR FORECAST OF THE ACTUAL OR ESTIMATED RESULTS FROM AN INVESTMENT IN THE TRUST UNITS. THE PURPOSE OF THE TABLES IS TO ILLUSTRATE THE SENSITIVITY OF DISTRIBUTABLE CASH AND DISTRIBUTABLE CASH AS A PERCENTAGE OF TRUST UNIT PURCHASE PRICE TO CHANGES IN THE PRICES OF NATURAL GAS. THERE IS NO ASSURANCE THAT THE ASSUMPTIONS DESCRIBED ABOVE WILL ACTUALLY OCCUR OR THAT THE PRICES OF NATURAL GAS WILL NOT CHANGE BY AMOUNTS DIFFERENT FROM THOSE SHOWN IN THE TABLES. Due to the seasonal demand for natural gas, the amount of quarterly cash distributions from the trust is expected to vary during the year. Quarterly distributions will also vary based on the timing of development expenditures and the net proceeds, if any, generated by development projects. SENSITIVITY OF PROJECTED TOTAL YEAR 2000 CASH DISTRIBUTIONS PER TRUST UNIT % OF YEAR 2000 RESERVE REPORT ESTIMATED PRODUCTION AVERAGE ANNUAL NYMEX NATURAL GAS PRICE PER MMBTU - -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------- $1.75 $2.00 $2.25 $2.50 $2.75 $3.00 $3.25 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- 90%.......................................... $1.04 $1.31 $1.58 $1.84 $2.11 $2.38 $2.65 95%.......................................... 1.15 1.43 1.72 2.00 2.28 2.56 2.85 100%......................................... 1.26 1.56 1.86 2.15 2.45 2.75 3.04 105%......................................... 1.37 1.68 2.00 2.31 2.62 2.93 3.24 110%......................................... 1.48 1.81 2.14 2.46 2.79 3.12 3.44 32 37 SENSITIVITY OF PROJECTED YEAR 2000 PRE-TAX CASH DISTRIBUTIONS AS A PERCENTAGE OF TRUST UNIT PRICE OF $20.00 % OF YEAR 2000 RESERVE REPORT ESTIMATED PRODUCTION AVERAGE ANNUAL NYMEX NATURAL GAS PRICE PER MMBTU - -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------- $1.75 $2.00 $2.25 $2.50 $2.75 $3.00 $3.25 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- 90%.......................................... 5.21% 6.55% 7.88% 9.22% 10.56% 11.89% 13.23% 95%.......................................... 5.76 7.17 8.58 9.99 11.40 12.81 14.23 100%......................................... 6.31 7.80 9.28 10.75 12.25 13.74 15.22 105%......................................... 6.86 8.42 9.98 11.54 13.10 14.66 16.22 110%......................................... 7.41 9.05 10.68 12.31 13.95 15.58 17.21 SENSITIVITY OF PROJECTED YEAR 2000 AFTER-TAX CASH DISTRIBUTIONS AS A PERCENTAGE OF TRUST UNIT PRICE OF $20.00 % OF YEAR 2000 RESERVE REPORT ESTIMATED PRODUCTION AVERAGE ANNUAL NYMEX NATURAL GAS PRICE PER MMBTU - -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------- $1.75 $2.00 $2.25 $2.50 $2.75 $3.00 $3.25 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- 90%.......................................... 4.94% 5.75% 6.56% 7.36% 8.17% 8.98% 9.79% 95%.......................................... 5.28 6.13 6.98 7.83 8.68 9.54 10.39 100%......................................... 5.61 6.51 7.40 8.30 9.20 10.09 10.99 105%......................................... 5.94 6.88 7.82 8.77 9.71 10.65 11.59 110%......................................... 6.27 7.26 8.25 9.23 10.22 11.21 12.19 33 38 THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES GENERAL The underlying properties are located in the Appalachian Basin states of Kentucky and West Virginia. The underlying properties consist of Eastern States' interests in 2,471 existing producing natural gas wells and interests in wells that Eastern States will drill on or after September 1, 1999 on all of Eastern States' oil and gas leasehold interests in the states of Kentucky and West Virginia, except for the excluded interests discussed below. The trust will not have a net profits interest in any properties or interests acquired by Eastern States on or after September 1, 1999. The working interests of Eastern States comprising the underlying properties are held under leases and farmout agreements with third parties. Substantially all of the working interests are subject to landowners' royalties and may be subject to additional royalties or other obligations burdening the working interests. These royalties do not bear lease operating expenses, but reduce the revenue interests attributable to the underlying properties. Eastern States has, on average, greater than a 97% working interest and a net revenue interest of approximately 87% in the underlying properties. Eastern States currently operates all of the wells on the underlying properties. Ryder Scott estimates that 331 Bcfe of proved developed and 437 Bcfe of proved undeveloped natural gas reserves are attributable to the underlying properties, which estimates are the subject of their reserve report as of August 31, 1999 included as Exhibit A to this prospectus. Ryder Scott estimates that 211 Bcfe of proved developed reserves and 29 Bcfe of proved undeveloped reserves are attributable to the net profits interest free of future costs and expenses, which estimates are the subject of their reserve report included as Exhibit B to this prospectus. Eastern States currently owns approximately 4,700 producing wells in Kentucky and West Virginia. When selecting producing wells to be included in the 2,471 underlying wells, Eastern States excluded wells with any of the following characteristics: - approximately 1,350 wells owned by a financial institution that are Section 29 production payment properties, most of which are operated by Eastern States; - approximately 220 wells drilled during the 20 months ended August 31, 1999, each of which has a limited production history and a high decline profile; - approximately 10 wells with high operating costs; - approximately 300 marginal producing wells and associated leases, i.e., producing less than 2 Mcf per day, which will most likely have to be abandoned in the next five to 10 years; - approximately 50 wells with title or consent issues; and - approximately 300 wells in which Eastern States is not the operator. Eastern States' transfer to the trust of a net profits interest in 2,471 underlying wells in Kentucky and West Virginia is intended to create a diversity of well profiles and a diversity of value. The well with the highest discounted net present value represents less than 0.5% of the value of all underlying wells. The inclusion of a large number of future drilling opportunities on the underlying leases along with the underlying wells will provide statistical and geological diversity in more than one potential producing zone in Kentucky and West Virginia. Approximately 73% of the 2,471 underlying wells are located in West Virginia and approximately 27% are located in Kentucky. All of the underlying wells, except for one, are producing and profitable. One well is temporarily shut-in and is expected to resume production in November and be profitable at that time. Eastern States excluded leases and other interests in Kentucky and West Virginia from the underlying leases with any of the following characteristics: - leases and mineral interests in Kentucky pertaining to the Rome exploration area, which is characterized by high exploration risk; - the portion of underlying leases that have been farmed out to third parties; and - leases or interests with known transfer or title issues, including all potential coalbed methane exploration and developmental rights. 34 39 Eastern States has an inventory of approximately 1.2 million gross acres, excluding the Rome exploration area but before giving effect to the other excluded interests, comprising the underlying leases and has established a drilling schedule for new sites in Kentucky and West Virginia. Eastern States anticipates drilling an average of 200 wells per year on the underlying leases for at least the next five years. Without future development, the underlying properties would typically experience an average 5.5% annual decline in production. Planned development expenditures included in the Ryder Scott reserve report, which, total $285 million through 2007 or $28.5 million net to the trust, are expected to reduce the natural rate of decline in production to an average of 3% per year. While the number of wells to be drilled on an annual basis following the offering is subject to a number of factors beyond the control of Eastern States, the underlying leases are expected to yield a number of drillsites which would sustain development of the properties at current levels for the foreseeable future. If Eastern States, on or after September 1, 1999, successfully drills, deepens or recompletes any of the 2,471 underlying wells or any well within 1,000 feet of any of the 2,471 underlying wells at or above the base of the Devonian Shale, the trust will have an 80% net profits interests in the net proceeds from the sale of natural gas from these wells. The base of the Devonian Shale ranges in Kentucky and West Virginia from 2,500 feet to 7,500 feet below the surface. If Eastern States, on or after September 1, 1999, commences a well on the underlying leases, except for wells located within 1,000 feet of an existing well and completed above the base of the Devonian Shale, or drills, deepens or recompletes any of the 2,471 underlying wells on the underlying leases below the base of the Devonian Shale, the trust will have a 10% net profits interest in the net proceeds from the sale of natural gas from these wells. Currently, Eastern States has no proved reserves below the base of the Devonian Shale within the underlying leases. Although Eastern States has not obtained title opinions with respect to the drillsites, Eastern States is not aware of any title deficiencies that would preclude it from drilling any of the locations. Eastern States has drilled over 400 wells in Kentucky and West Virginia since 1994 with a completion rate of approximately 98%, and expects the completion rate on wells drilled on or after September 1, 1999 to be similar. Moreover, the drillsites are expected to have the same general production characteristics as the producing wells included in the underlying properties. No assurance can be given, however, that any wells drilled on or after September 1, 1999 will be successful or produce in commercial quantities. For a further discussion of Eastern States' title to the drillsites referred to above, see "-- Title to Properties." Production from the wells to which the underlying properties relate is typically subject to, in one degree or another: - landowner royalties and other burdens and obligations retained under oil and gas leases; - relocation provisions under oil and gas leases with coal mining entities; - overriding royalty interests; and - other working interests in the wells. Royalty and overriding royalty interests entitle the holders thereof to a percentage of the oil and natural gas produced from the wells or the proceeds therefrom and are generally delivered free of all expenses of production but may be subject to post-production costs such as: - production or gathering taxes; - costs to treat the natural gas to render it marketable; and - transportation or gathering and compression costs. Royalty interests are usually reserved by the lessor under an oil and gas lease. Overriding royalty interests are carved out of a lessee's share of production under an oil and gas lease and are generally reserved by a predecessor in title or reserved under farmout agreements. Certain leases are not burdened by any royalty interests and only a minor portion of the underlying leases are burdened by overriding royalties. 35 40 THE APPALACHIAN BASIN The Appalachian Basin is the oldest and geographically one of the largest oil and natural gas producing regions in the United States. From 1859 to 1993, more than 700,000 wells have been drilled in the Appalachian Basin and have produced an estimated three billion barrels of oil and 42 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. Although the Appalachian Basin has known sedimentary formations indicating the potential for oil and natural gas reservoirs to depths of 13,000 feet or more, oil and natural gas is currently produced principally from shallow blanket formations at depths of 1,000 to 7,000 feet. These formations are characterized by slow recovery of the reserves in place, low rates of production and wells that generally produce for longer than 20 years and often more than 50 years. Although commercial success varies widely from well to well, operators in the Appalachian Basin historically have experienced drilling completion rates exceeding 90% in these shallow formations. For the period 1991 through 1998, wellhead natural gas prices in the Appalachian Basin have averaged on an annual basis $0.25 per MMbtu more than prices for natural gas contracts traded on the NYMEX for the delivery of natural gas at Henry Hub, Louisiana. During these eight years, the Appalachian Basin annual premium has ranged from $0.14 per MMbtu to $0.47 per MMbtu. This premium has averaged $0.26 MMbtu for the last three years. The higher average prices are principally due to the proximity to a substantial number of industrial and commercial end users in the northeast United States. The Appalachian Basin premium is offset, at least in part, by the high gathering and compression costs in the Appalachian Basin. The combination of its long-lived production, low drilling costs, high drilling completion rates at shallow depths and proximity to natural gas markets has had a substantial impact on the development of the Appalachian Basin resulting in a highly fragmented operating environment. In 1998, Kentucky and West Virginia had more than 500 independent operators and more than 85,000 producing oil and natural gas wells. Also, the historical availability of tax shelter capital has resulted in extensive drilling in the shallow formations with these low technical risk characteristics. DISTRICTS COMPRISING THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES The districts comprising the underlying properties are as follows: Pikeville Area, Kentucky The Pikeville Area includes approximately 34% of the total net proved reserves in the underlying properties. The underlying properties in this district are concentrated in Pike, Knott, Martin, Floyd and Breathitt counties, Kentucky on approximately 262,000 gross acres, which excludes the Rome exploration area. Natural gas is produced predominantly from the Maxton, Big Lime, Berea and Devonian Shale formations at depths ranging from 1,000 to 5,500 feet. Sales meter production attributable to the underlying properties averaged 13 MMcfe per day during the first eight months of 1999. Significant development potential still remains in this district, with 505 proved undeveloped locations identified for exploitation as of August 31, 1999. Brenton Area, West Virginia The Brenton Area includes approximately 38% of the total net proved reserves in the underlying properties. The underlying properties in this district are located mainly in Logan, Mingo, McDowell and Wyoming counties in southern West Virginia on approximately 397,000 gross acres. Natural gas is produced predominantly from the Maxton, Big Lime, Berea and Devonian Shale formations at depths ranging from 2,000 to 7,000 feet. Sales meter production attributable to the underlying properties averaged 14 MMcfe per day for the first eight months of 1999. Significant development potential still remains in this district, with 674 proved undeveloped locations identified for exploitation as of August 31, 1999. 36 41 Madison Area, Eastern West Virginia The Madison Area includes approximately 20% of total net proved reserves in the underlying properties. The underlying properties in this district are located in Lincoln, Kanawha, Boone, Raleigh, Fayette, Nicholas and Clay counties in south central West Virginia on approximately 374,000 gross acres. Natural gas is produced predominantly from the Maxton, Big Lime, Big Injun, Weir, Berea and Devonian Shale formations at depths ranging from 1,700 to 6,000 feet. Sales meter production attributable to the underlying properties averaged 11 MMcfe per day for the first eight months of 1999. Significant development potential still remains in this district, with 296 proved undeveloped locations identified for exploitation as of August 31, 1999. Weston Area, West Virginia The Weston Area includes approximately 8% of the total net proved reserves in the underlying properties. The underlying properties in this district are located largely in Jackson, Gilmer, Doddridge, Roane, Calhoun, Harrison and Wetzel counties in northern West Virginia on approximately 192,000 gross acres. Natural gas is produced from Upper Devonian sandstone formations at depths ranging from 1,800 to 5,000 feet. Sales meter production attributable to the underlying properties averaged 8 MMcfe per day for the first eight months of 1999. Some development potential remains in this district, with 53 proved undeveloped locations identified for exploitation as of August 31, 1999. HISTORICAL RESULTS FROM THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES The following table provides oil and natural gas wellhead volumes, average realized sales prices, revenues and direct operating expenses relating to the underlying properties for 1996, 1997 and 1998 and for the eight-month periods ended August 31, 1998 and 1999. The related pro forma adjustments for the year ended December 31, 1998 and the eight months ended August 31, 1999 are also shown. Eastern States did not own all of the underlying properties for each of the periods indicated. The audited statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of the underlying properties for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 and unaudited statements for the eight-month periods ending August 31, 1998 and 1999 begin on page F-3 in this prospectus. The pro forma adjustments reflect changes to historical results as if the offering had occurred on December 31, 1997 and give effect to the adjustments described on page F-13 in this prospectus. EIGHT MONTHS YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ENDED AUGUST 31, --------------------------- ----------------- 1996 1997 1998 1998 1999 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER UNIT DATA) Wellhead volumes: Natural gas (MMcf)........................... 19,318 19,960 19,040 13,184 11,967 Oil (MBbls).................................. 35.1 30.6 20.4 12.9 18.9 Average realized sales prices: Natural gas (per Mcf)........................ $ 2.84 $ 2.62 $ 2.20 $ 2.27 $ 2.14 Oil (per Bbl)................................ $ 19.29 $ 17.35 $ 11.86 $ 12.17 $ 12.17 Revenues: Natural gas sales............................ $54,877 $52,303 $41,835 $29,879 $25,594 Oil sales.................................... 677 531 242 157 230 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total................................ 55,554 52,834 42,077 30,036 25,824 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Direct operating expenses: Production and property taxes................ 5,179 4,872 3,809 2,713 2,338 Production expenses.......................... 6,300 5,106 3,603 2,401 2,401 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total................................ 11,479 9,978 7,412 5,114 4,739 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Excess of revenues over direct operating expenses.................................. $44,075 $42,856 $34,665 $24,922 $21,085 ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= 37 42 EIGHT MONTHS YEAR ENDED ENDED AUGUST 31, DECEMBER 31, 1998 1999 ----------------- ------------------- (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER UNIT DATA) Excess of revenues over direct operating costs.............. $34,665 $21,085 Pro Forma Adjustments: Revenue................................................... (2,439) (1,533) Production expenses....................................... (897) (599) Overhead.................................................. (1,870) (1,250) ------- ------- Total pro forma adjustments....................... (5,206) (3,382) Net proceeds.............................................. 29,459 17,703 Net profits percentage.................................... 80% 80% ------- ------- Trust cash................................................ 23,567 14,162 Trust administrative expenses............................. (300) (200) ------- ------- Trust distributable cash.................................. $23,267 $13,962 ======= ======= Trust distributable cash per unit (10,500,000 units issued and outstanding)....................................... $ 2.22 $ 1.33 ======= ======= DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL RESULTS FROM THE UNDERLYING PROPERTIES The excess of revenues over direct operating expenses from the underlying properties was $44,075,000 for 1996, $42,856,000 for 1997 and $34,665,000 for 1998. The excess of revenues over direct operating expenses was $24,922,000 for the eight months ended August 31, 1998 and $21,085,000 for the eight months ended August 31, 1999. The changes in excess of revenues over direct operating expenses were primarily related to changes in volumes and prices. Natural gas sales accounted for greater than 99% of total revenues for the three-year period ended December 31, 1998 and the eight-month period ended August 31, 1999. Natural Gas Volumes. Natural gas sales volumes from the underlying properties increased 3.3% from 1996 to 1997, decreased 4.6% from 1997 to 1998 and decreased 9.2% from the eight-month period ending August 31, 1998 to the eight-month period ending August 31, 1999. The increase was primarily attributable to development projects in 1996 and 1997 and the decrease in 1998 was primarily attributable to the fact that none of the development wells drilled in 1998 and 1999 are included in the underlying properties. Also, the wells drilled in 1997 experienced a higher production decline in the eight months ended August 31, 1998 as compared to the eight months ended August 31, 1999. Natural Gas Prices. The average realized natural gas sales price decreased 7.7% from $2.84 per Mcf in 1996 to $2.62 per Mcf in 1997, decreased 16% from $2.62 per Mcf in 1997 to $2.20 per Mcf in 1998 and decreased 5.7% from $2.27 per Mcf in the eight-month period ending August 31, 1998 to $2.14 per Mcf in the eight-month period ending August 31, 1999. Gas prices for the underlying properties have generally tracked Appalachian Basin market prices. Gas prices realized in 1996 for Appalachian Basin natural gas were high due to a prolonged cold weather period in January and February 1996. The amount of natural gas in storage in the northeastern United States was at extremely low levels and prices remained strong throughout the year. As a result of this cold weather, the Appalachian Basin premium averaged $0.47 per MMbtu for 1996. NYMEX gas prices remained strong in 1996 and 1997, while the Appalachian Basin premium was weak in 1997 due to unusually warm winter weather in the Northeast. As a result, prices realized for 1997 were 7.7% lower. In 1998, both the NYMEX price and the Appalachian Basin premium weakened due in part to the second consecutive warm winter in the Northeast. This caused 1998 realized prices to drop 16% as compared to 1997. Prices continued to drop in the first and second quarter of 1999. Natural gas prices in July 1999 and for the rest of the year have strengthened for both NYMEX and the Appalachian Basin premium in anticipation of a normal winter in the Northeastern United States. See the table below for market prices. 38 43 Set forth below is a table that reflects average NYMEX closing prices and average Appalachian Basin prices for 1996, 1997, 1998 and the eight months ended August 31, 1999, and the average annualized Appalachian Basin premiums for such periods based upon such average annualized prices. The average Appalachian Basin prices shown below represent the average natural gas prices published by Inside FERC -- Appalachian Basin for CNG Transmission Corp. and Columbia Gas Transmission Corp. AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE ANNUALIZED AVERAGED NYMEX APPALACHIAN APPALACHIAN ANNUALIZED CLOSING BASIN BASIN APPALACHIAN PRICES PRICES PREMIUM BASIN ($/MMBTU) ($/MMBTU) ($/MMBTU) PREMIUM --------- ----------- ----------- ----------- 1996..................................... $2.59 $3.06 $0.47 18.1% 1997..................................... 2.59 2.76 0.17 6.6 1998..................................... 2.11 2.25 0.14 6.6 Eight months ended August 31, 1999....... 2.07 2.22 0.15 7.2 Natural gas prices have continued to increase since the spring of 1999 and the average Appalachian Basin natural gas price for September 1999 was $3.05 per MMbtu, which consists of an Appalachian Basin premium of $0.14 per MMbtu. The average realized sales price of natural gas production from the underlying properties during 1998 was $2.20 per Mcfe, which is approximately $0.09 above the average of the monthly closing NYMEX natural gas futures contract prices in 1998. The average realized sales price of natural gas production from the underlying properties during 1998 on a pro forma basis as if the offering had closed on December 31, 1997 was $2.05 per Mcfe, which is approximately $0.06 below the average of the monthly closing NYMEX natural gas futures contract prices in 1998. This difference in the NYMEX futures prices is due to the lower than average Appalachian Basin premium in 1998, which resulted primarily from significantly warmer than normal average prevailing winter temperatures in 1998, as well as high gathering and compression charges. Direct operating expenses. Direct operating expenses decreased 13.1% from $11,479,000 in 1996 to $9,978,000 in 1997, followed by a 25.7% decrease to $7,412,000 in 1998. The production costs for 1996 and for the six months ended June 30, 1997 show operating costs of the predecessor owner, Blazer Energy. Since the acquisition, Eastern States has reduced these costs. For the eight-month period ending August 31, 1998 compared to the eight-month period ending August 31, 1999, direct operating expenses decreased 7.3% from $5,114,000 to $4,739,000 due to continued efficiencies as a result of the assimilation of the Blazer properties. Development costs. Virtually all of the underlying properties were either purchased or drilled by Eastern States in the four-year period from 1994 to 1997. Development costs rose 86.7% from $12,024,000 in 1996 to $22,445,000 in 1997 as major development projects were completed. Eastern States expects development costs on the underlying leases to be approximately $44 million per year for at least the next five years. None of the wells drilled in 1998 and 1999 are included in the underlying properties because of their higher decline profile compared to the current decline profile of wells drilled in the four-year period from 1994 to 1997. Development costs incurred by Blazer Energy prior to its acquisition by Eastern States on June 30, 1997 have not been included in the historical results table above. The following table shows the development costs relating to natural gas wells drilled by Eastern States in Kentucky and West Virginia for 1996, 1997 and 1998 and for the eight months ended August 31, 1999. The table also shows projected development costs for the four months ended December 31, 1999 and the projected development costs included in projected year 2000 distributable cash. The development costs for 1996 and 1997 include those for wells drilled by Eastern States on the underlying properties, but do not include those for wells drilled by Blazer Energy on the underlying properties for the period prior to Eastern States' acquisition of Blazer Energy on June 30, 1997, which are not available to Eastern States. 39 44 The development costs for 1998 and the eight months ended August 31, 1999 are for wells drilled by Eastern States in Kentucky and West Virginia. Eastern States has excluded those wells from the 2,471 underlying wells to be transferred to the trust due to their limited production history and relatively high decline profile. The projected development costs for the four months ended December 31, 1999 and for the year ended December 31, 2000 are based on average costs to develop undeveloped properties. Volumes for these time periods are derived from the Ryder Scott reserve report for the underlying properties. TOTAL FINDING AND DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT NATURAL COSTS COSTS NET COSTS GAS WELLS EXCLUDING DRILLING INCLUDING RESERVE INCLUDING ----------- OVERHEAD OVERHEAD OVERHEAD ADDITIONS OVERHEAD GROSS NET ($ IN MILLIONS) ($ IN MILLIONS)(A) ($ IN MILLIONS) (BCFE) ($/MCFE) ----- --- --------------- ------------------ --------------- --------- ----------- Year Ended December 31, 1996..... 54 53 $ 9.4 $2.6 $12.0 15.2 $0.79 Year Ended December 31, 1997..... 88 88 17.5 5.0 22.4 27.9 0.80 Year Ended December 31, 1998..... 165 162 36.2 5.8 42.0 53.4 0.79 Eight months ended August 31, 1999........................... 114 111 21.3 4.0 25.3 42.6 0.59 Four months ended December 31, 1999 (projected)............... 67 66 12.4 2.4 14.8 26.0 0.57 --- --- ----- ---- ----- ---- Total 1999....................... 181 177 33.7 6.4 40.1 68.6 0.58 --- --- ----- ---- ----- ---- Year ended December 31, 2000 (projected).................... 200 197 37.1 7.1 44.2 68.6 0.64 - --------------- (a) Drilling overhead for 1996 and 1997 is based on Eastern States actual overhead allocated to its drilling operations. For 1998, the eight month and four month periods of 1999 and year 2000, the amounts are based on the drilling overhead fee of $36,000 to be deducted in calculating net proceeds payable to the trust for each well drilled on the underlying properties. RESERVES Ryder Scott estimated oil and natural gas reserves attributable to the underlying properties and the net profits interests as of August 31, 1999, which are the subject of their reserve reports included as Exhibit A and Exhibit B to this prospectus. Numerous uncertainties are inherent in estimating reserve volumes and values, and the estimates are subject to change as additional information becomes available. The reserves actually recovered and the timing of production of the reserves may vary significantly from the original estimates. Ryder Scott calculated reserve quantities and revenues for the net profits interests from projections of reserves and revenues attributable to the combined interests of the trust and Eastern States in the underlying properties. Because the trust owns net profits interests and not a specific ownership percentage of the oil and natural gas reserve quantities, proved reserves for the trust's net profits interests attributable to the 2,471 underlying wells are calculated by subtracting from 80% of proved reserves, reserve quantities of a sufficient value to pay 80% of the future estimated production and development costs, before overhead and trust administrative expenses that are deducted in calculating net proceeds. Proved reserves for the net profits interests attributable to the proved undeveloped reserves owned by Eastern States in Kentucky and West Virginia are calculated by subtracting from 10% of the proved undeveloped reserves, reserve quantities of a sufficient value to pay 10% of the future estimated production and development costs, before overhead and trust administrative expenses that are deducted in calculating net proceeds. Accordingly, proved reserves for the net profits interests reflect quantities that are calculated after reductions for future production and development costs and expenses based on the price and cost assumptions used in the reserve estimates. The total proved reserves deducted for the future costs and expenses in determining the net profits interests were approximately 67 Bcfe. The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows presented below was prepared using assumptions required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. These assumptions include the use of 40 45 August 31, 1999 prices for natural gas and costs for estimated future development and production expenditures to produce the proved reserves. Because natural gas prices are influenced by seasonal demand, use of August 31, 1999 prices may not be the most accurate basis for estimating future revenues or reserve data. Future net cash flows are discounted at an annual rate of 10% as required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. There is no provision for federal income taxes because future net revenues are not subject to taxation at the trust level. The weighted average August 31, 1999 wellhead natural gas price used to determine the standardized measure was $2.75 per Mcf for the underlying properties and $2.61 per Mcf for the net profits interests. The $0.14 per Mcfe difference represents reimbursement for depreciation and a return on Eastern States' investment in its gathering and compression systems. During 1999, Eastern States filed estimates of operated oil and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 1998 with the U.S. Department of Energy on Form EIA-23. These estimates are consistent with the reserves reported in this prospectus for the underlying properties as of December 31, 1998, with the exception that Form EIA-23 includes only reserves from properties that had been acquired and were operated by Eastern States at that date. Neither Eastern States nor the trust has reported reserves for the net profits interests with any Federal authority or agency prior to the filing of this prospectus. Proved Reserves The following table shows proved developed reserves, proved undeveloped reserves, total proved reserves, future net revenues and the standardized measure discounted future net cash flows at August 31, 1999 for the underlying properties, the underlying wells, the underlying leases, a subtotal and the net profits interests. The Ryder Scott reserve reports are included as Exhibits A and B to this prospectus. The quantities reflected under the column subtotal in the table below represent 80% of reserves attributable to the underlying wells and 10% of reserves attributable to the underlying leases before deducting reserve quantities sufficient to pay $0.05 per Mcfe for office expenditures, information systems and other capitalized costs which are included in production costs and $0.14 per Mcfe for reimbursement for depreciation and to provide a return on investment of Eastern States' gathering and compression systems. For a further description of the computation of net proceeds, see "Computation of Net Proceeds -- Net Profits Interests." UNDERLYING UNDERLYING UNDERLYING NET PROFITS PROPERTIES(100%) WELLS(80%) LEASES(10%) SUBTOTAL INTERESTS ----------------- ---------- ----------- -------- ----------- ($ IN THOUSANDS) Proved developed reserves Natural gas (MMcf)................ 329,581 263,665 -- 263,665 210,018 Oil (MBbls)....................... 260 208 -- 208 171 Natural gas equivalents (MMcfe)... 331,139 264,911 -- 264,911 211,044 Proved undeveloped reserves Natural gas (MMcf)................ 436,533 -- 43,653 43,653 29,083 Oil (MBbls)....................... -- -- -- -- -- Natural gas equivalents (MMcfe)... 436,533 -- 43,653 43,653 29,083 Total proved reserves Natural gas (MMcf)................ 766,114 263,665 43,653 307,318 239,101 Oil (MBbls)....................... 260 208 -- 208 171 Natural gas equivalents (MMcfe)... 767,672 264,911 43,653 308,564 240,127 Future net revenues................. $1,470,948 $577,182 $74,947 $652,129 $577,207 Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows............. $ 367,277 $211,889 $10,242 $222,131 $200,420 The following table summarizes the changes in proved reserves of the underlying properties for the periods indicated. The data is presented assuming the underlying properties were acquired before 41 46 December 31, 1995. Reserve estimates for underlying properties that Eastern States acquired in 1996 and 1997 are not available prior to the date acquired. For purposes of calculating quantities of proved reserves as of December 31, 1995 and 1996, proved reserves were derived by assuming they equal the reserves at December 31, 1997, plus production, less positive revisions from drilling by Eastern States for the years 1996 and 1997. This table does not include any revisions, extensions or discoveries prior to Eastern States' acquisition of Blazer Energy on June 30, 1997. 100% UNDERLYING PROPERTIES -------------------------------------- NATURAL GAS NATURAL GAS OIL EQUIVALENTS (MMCF) (MBBLS) (MMCFE) ----------- ---------- ----------- Balance, December 31, 1995............................... 666,996 338 669,024 Revisions, extensions, discoveries and additions...... 6,094 -- 6,094 Production............................................ (19,318) (35) (19,528) ------- --- ------- Balance, December 31, 1996............................... 653,772 303 655,590 Revisions, extensions, discoveries and additions...... 11,167 -- 11,167 Production............................................ (19,960) (31) (20,146) ------- --- ------- Balance, December 31, 1997............................... 644,979 272 646,611 Revisions, extensions, discoveries and additions...... 63,187 20 63,307 Production............................................ (19,040) (20) (19,160) ------- --- ------- Balance, December 31, 1998............................... 689,126 272 690,758 Revisions, extensions, discoveries and additions...... 88,955 7 88,995 Production............................................ (11,967) (19) (12,081) ------- --- ------- Balance, August 31, 1999................................. 766,114 260 767,672 ======= === ======= Proved Developed Reserves Balance, December 31, 1995............................... 360,942 338 362,970 Balance, December 31, 1996............................... 347,718 303 349,536 Balance, December 31, 1997............................... 338,925 272 340,557 Balance, December 31, 1998............................... 344,907 272 346,539 Balance, August 31, 1999................................. 329,581 260 331,139 There are 1,528 proved undeveloped drilling locations in the underlying leases identified for exploration. Eastern States expects to spend approximately $44 million per year on development costs for at least the next five years. Of these development costs, 10% will be attributable to the net profits interests of the trust. Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows from Proved Reserves The following table provides the summary calculation of the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows of the underlying properties, the underlying wells, the underlying leases, a subtotal and the net profits interests as of August 31, 1999. Because the underlying properties and the trust are not taxable at the underlying property level or trust level, no provision is included for income taxes. UNDERLYING UNDERLYING UNDERLYING NET PROFITS PROPERTIES (100%) WELLS (80%) LEASES (10%) SUBTOTAL INTERESTS ----------------- ----------- ------------ --------- ----------- (IN THOUSANDS) Future cash flows............. $ 2,129,626 $ 729,285 $121,802 $ 851,087 $ 628,249 Future costs: Production.................. 373,705 151,881 18,385 170,266 51,042 Development................. 284,973 222 28,470 28,692 ----------- --------- -------- --------- --------- Future net cash flows....... 1,470,948 577,182 74,947 652,129 577,207 10% discount factor......... (1,103,671) (365,293) (64,705) (429,998) (376,787) ----------- --------- -------- --------- --------- Standardized measure........ $ 367,277 $ 211,889 $ 10,242 $ 222,131 $ 200,420 =========== ========= ======== ========= ========= 42 47 NATURAL GAS SALES PRICES AND PRODUCTION COSTS The following table sets forth the annual production, the average realized sales price per Mcf produced and the average production cost per Mcfe for each of the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 and for the eight-month period ended August 31, 1999 for the underlying properties on a historical basis and for the year ended December 31, 1998 and the eight months ended on August 31, 1999 for the net profits interests on a pro forma basis. Pro forma figures are calculated by attributing 80% of production for the underlying properties to the net profits interests and assuming gas gathering and compression costs, production costs, development costs and overhead provided for in the conveyances were in effect for the periods indicated. Average realized sales price reflected in the table below generally represents the wellhead price of natural gas which is net of gathering and compression charges and excludes hedging activity. Production costs as used in the following table include, for all properties, production and property taxes and production expenses. Overhead has not been included as a production cost. Average production costs were calculated on an Mcfe basis in order to spread the cost over combined oil equivalent production and natural gas production. For the net profits interests, development and production costs have been directly deducted from future cash flows. The remaining production costs are solely production and property taxes. PRO FORMA FOR NET PROFITS HISTORICAL FOR UNDERLYING PROPERTIES INTERESTS ------------------------------------------ --------------------------- EIGHT MONTHS EIGHT MONTHS YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ENDED YEAR ENDED ENDED --------------------------- AUGUST 31, DECEMBER 31, AUGUST 31, 1996 1997 1998 1999 1998 1999 ------- ------- ------- ------------ ------------ ------------ Wellhead volumes (MMcf).... 19,318 19,960 19,040 11,967 19,040 11,967 Average realized sales price per Mcf produced... $ 2.84 $ 2.62 $ 2.20 $ 2.14 $ 2.05 $ 1.99 Average production cost per Mcfe..................... $ 0.59 $ 0.50 $ 0.39 $ 0.39 $ 0.43 $ 0.44 PRODUCING ACREAGE AND WELL COUNTS For the following data, "gross" refers to the total wells or acres in which Eastern States owns a working interest and "net" refers to gross wells multiplied by the percentage working interest owned by Eastern States. The number of gross acres shown below does not exclude the acreage attributable to the excluded wells or excluded leases and other interests. Underlying Properties WELLS -------------- GROSS NET GROSS ACRES NET ACRES ----- ----- ----------- --------- Brenton District....................................... 560 533 397,000 360,000 Madison District....................................... 583 581 374,000 337,000 Weston District........................................ 661 623 192,000 172,000 Pikeville District..................................... 667 666 262,000 230,000 ----- ----- --------- --------- Total........................................ 2,471 2,403 1,225,000 1,099,000 ===== ===== ========= ========= In addition, the number of gross acres reflected in this table excludes approximately 90,000 acres representing the Rome exploration area, but does not exclude (1) leases that have been farmed out to third parties and (2) leases or interests with known transfer or title issues, including all potential coalbed methane exploration and development rights. 43 48 The following is a summary of the number of natural gas wells drilled and completed by Eastern States on the leases which comprise the underlying properties during the last three years. There are no wells listed under the year ended December 31, 1998 and the eight months ended August 31, 1999 because all wells drilled by Eastern States during this time period are excluded from the underlying wells because of their limited production history and relatively high decline profile. This summary does not include wells drilled by Blazer Energy prior to its acquisition by Eastern States on June 30, 1997. Unless otherwise indicated, all wells drilled are developmental. EIGHT MONTHS YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ENDED --------------------------------------- AUGUST 31, 1996 1997 1998 1999 ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------ GROSS NET GROSS NET GROSS NET GROSS NET ----- --- ----- --- ----- --- ----- --- Natural Gas Wells....................... 54 53 88 88 -- -- -- -- == === == === == === == === Excluded Properties Natural gas wells drilled on or after January 1, 1998 are not included in the underlying wells. The following is a summary of the number of these wells: YEAR ENDED EIGHT MONTHS DECEMBER 31, ENDED AUGUST 31, 1998 1999 -------------- ---------------- GROSS NET GROSS NET ----- --- ------ ---- Natural Gas Wells......................................... 165 162 114 111 === === === === Reserve estimates for the 273 net wells drilled on or after January 1, 1998 are 96 Bcfe with development costs, before drilling overhead, of $57.5 million. This results in finding and development costs before drilling overhead of $0.60 per Mcfe. If drilling overhead were included for wells drilled on or after January 1, 1998, the finding and development costs would have been $0.70 per Mcfe. The projected finding and development costs, including drilling overhead, for the year 2000 is $0.64 per Mcfe. OPERATIONS All of the wells and properties to which the underlying properties relate are currently operated by Eastern States, although Eastern States is under no obligation to continue to serve as the operator for the properties. As operator, Eastern States is responsible for conducting and directing all operations with respect to the properties, as permitted and required by, and within the limits of, any applicable operating agreements, including: - producing the wells; - discharging obligations of the joint account; - holding funds for non-operators; - maintaining records and filing and furnishing governmental reports; - conducting drilling, testing, completing, reworking, and plugging operations; and - maintaining insurance for the joint account. With respect to the underlying properties, Eastern States must act as a reasonably prudent operator would act in the Appalachian Basin under the same or similar circumstances if it were acting with respect to its own properties. The trust will be entitled to bring actions against Eastern States to enforce its rights under the transfer documents. If the trustee fails to bring an action on behalf of the trust, each unitholder has a statutory right under the Delaware Business Trust Act to bring a derivative action in the Delaware Court of Chancery on behalf of the trust to enforce the rights of the trust under the transfer documents, 44 49 including rights relating to the standard of conduct owed to the trust by Eastern States with respect to operations relating to the underlying properties. Due to the criteria utilized in selecting wells to be subject to and burdened by the net profits interests, the lands upon which the wells subject to the net profits interests are located will, in many instances, also contain other wells which did not satisfy the selection criteria and which therefore will not become subject to the net profits interests. In these instances, Eastern States will generally serve as the operator for all of the wells located on lands subject to a particular lease. As the operator of this leased property, Eastern States will generally have a contractual duty to any other working interest owners to act as a reasonably prudent operator with respect to the operations of the leased property. SALE AND ABANDONMENT OF UNDERLYING PROPERTIES; SALE OF NET PROFITS INTERESTS Eastern States and any transferees will have the right to abandon any well or property included in the underlying properties if, in its opinion, the well or property ceases to produce or is not capable of producing in commercially paying quantities. Eastern States will typically consider a well not capable of producing in commercially paying quantities if the well's future monthly operating expenses are projected to exceed the well's future monthly income. Eastern States' criteria for determining whether to abandon a well or property are not mandated by contract but are subject to the reasonably prudent operator standard described above. Under the applicable state law, Eastern States will be responsible for plugging and abandoning the wells on the underlying properties for which it is the operator. The costs incurred to plug and abandon wells that are subject to the net profits interests will be deducted in calculating net proceeds payable to the trust. Upon abandonment, that portion of the net profits interests will be extinguished. Eastern States may also sell a well or property free of the net profits interest in lieu of the payment of abandonment costs or delay rentals, provided that the trust receives its attributable percentage of the net proceeds of any sale. Eastern States does not expect to plug or abandon any of the underlying wells in the next three years. Eastern States has the right to sell all or any portion of the underlying properties without the consent of the trust or the unitholders; however, the purchaser of any of the underlying properties will acquire the underlying properties subject to the net profits interests relating thereto, except under the circumstances described below where the trust may be required to release the net profits interests, subject to its receipt of the fair value thereof. Upon the transfer of all or a portion of the underlying properties, Eastern States may retain the right to operate the underlying properties subject to the net profits interest and the terms of the transfer documents. Following a transfer, the underlying properties will continue to be subject to the net profits interests, and the net proceeds attributable to the transferred property will be calculated separately and paid by the transferee. The transfer documents will be recorded in the appropriate real property records to give notice of the net profits interests to Eastern States' creditors and transferees. In accordance with the transfer documents any purchaser will be subject to the standard of a reasonably prudent operator in the Appalachian Basin with respect to development, operation and abandonment of the underlying properties. A transferee of the underlying properties, by virtue of the transfer, may be obligated to file reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Upon notice from Eastern States, the trust is required to sell, for cash, net profits interests related to underlying properties which Eastern States is selling to an unaffiliated party. These types of sales may not exceed $3 million in any calendar year or $20 million on an aggregate basis for the life of the trust. Under these circumstances, the trust will receive: - 80% of the net proceeds from the sale of any of the 2,471 underlying wells; and - 10% of the net proceeds from the sale of any of the underlying leases or the sale of any well drilled on the underlying leases on or after September 1, 1999. In addition, as an owner of the underlying properties, Eastern States may enter into farmout, operating, participation and other similar agreements covering the property. The net profits interest held by the trust would then be calculated on the interest retained by Eastern States under the agreement and not on Eastern States' or the trust's original interest before modification by the agreement. Eastern States may 45 50 enter into any of these agreements without the consent or approval of the trustee or any trust unitholder. However, Eastern States' interest in entering into any of these types of agreements should be parallel with that of trust unitholders because Eastern States is retaining 20% of the net profits interest in the 2,471 underlying wells and 90% of the net profits interest in all wells drilled on the underlying leases on or after September 1, 1999. Immediately after this offering, Eastern States will also own up to 25% of the outstanding trust units. GAS PURCHASE CONTRACTS Eastern States will market the natural gas produced from the underlying properties. Although it is not contractually obligated to do so, Eastern States will attempt to obtain the best prices available to it in the marketplace. Generally, natural gas produced from the underlying properties will be sold by Eastern States under existing contracts that have market-based terms. Eastern States currently has significant contracts with affiliates of CNG Transmission Corp and its own affiliate, Statoil Energy Services, Inc. Each of these contracts expire in October 2000. The trustee has the right under the trust agreement to review the charges under the gas purchase contracts. In 1998, approximately 90% of the natural gas produced by Eastern States was sold under these contracts. For the eight-month period ended August 31, 1999, approximately 68% of Eastern States' natural gas production was sold to Statoil Energy Services and approximately 22% was sold to affiliates of CNG Transmission Corp. Under the CNG contracts, affiliates of CNG purchase natural gas from Eastern States based on the terms contained in confirmations which the parties enter into from time to time. The CNG confirmations contain the following: - quantity; - price; - delivery point; and - effective period of the confirmation. The price under the CNG contracts is based on the published price of Inside FERC-Appalachian Basin for CNG on an MMbtu basis, plus a $0.02 per MMbtu premium, less applicable gathering, compression and processing fees. The price for the natural gas is inclusive of all taxes levied on production or transportation of the natural gas up to the delivery point. Payment from CNG affiliates is due by the 55th day following delivery. Each CNG confirmation sets forth the quantity of natural gas to be delivered by Eastern States to the delivery point. The delivery point is, in general, the point of the interconnection of Eastern States' gathering facilities with the metering facilities of CNG's interstate transmission or gathering pipeline system. Eastern States is responsible for delivery of natural gas to the delivery point. Title and risk of loss to the natural gas pass to the CNG affiliate at the delivery point. Each CNG confirmation sets forth the period of time that the terms of the confirmation are effective. The effective period of a confirmation with the CNG affiliates has typically been for 12 months. The contract with Statoil Energy Services is also based on the terms contained in confirmations which the parties enter into from time to time. These confirmations contain the same information as the CNG confirmations discussed above. The price under the Statoil Energy Services contract is based on the published price of Inside FERC -- Appalachian Basin for Columbia Gas Transmission Corp., for natural gas delivered into Columbia Gas Transmission's interstate transmission pipeline system, on an MMbtu basis, plus a $0.02 per MMbtu premium, less gathering, compression and processing fees. Eastern States is responsible for all taxes attributable to the natural gas before the delivery point. Statoil Energy Services is responsible for all taxes attributable to the natural gas after the delivery point. Title and risk of loss pass to Statoil Energy Services at the delivery point. Payment is due from Statoil Energy Services by the 55th day following delivery. 46 51 Eastern States has historically sold its natural gas on the spot market, i.e., contracts of one year or less. However, Eastern States may enter into longer term contracts in the future. HEDGING ACTIVITIES Eastern States has historically entered into hedging contracts with respect to its natural gas production at specified prices for a specified period of time. As described under the caption "Projected Year 2000 Distributable Cash" that begins on page 25, Eastern States has agreed to hedge the trust's share of year 2000 production from the underlying properties under a so-called "collar" arrangement. Eastern States has eliminated its exposure to this "collar" arrangement by entering into a comparable agreement with a third party. After the closing of this offering, Eastern States may continue to enter into hedging contracts with respect to natural gas production from the underlying properties only for the portion of natural gas that is attributable to its retained interests. For example, Eastern States may enter into hedging contracts for up to 20% of the production from the 2,471 underlying wells and up to 90% of the production from wells drilled on the underlying leases after the closing of this offering. Except for Eastern States obligations under the "collar" arrangement, any gains or losses from Eastern States' other hedging activities will not affect amounts paid to the trust. Long-term contracts for the physical sale and delivery in the future of natural gas volumes are not hedging contracts. REGULATION Natural Gas Regulation. The availability, terms and cost of transportation significantly affect sales of natural gas. The interstate transportation and sale for resale of natural gas is subject to federal regulation, including transportation rates, storage tariffs and various other matters, primarily by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Federal and state regulations govern the price and terms for access to natural gas pipeline transportation. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission's regulations for interstate natural gas transmission in some circumstances may also affect the intrastate transportation of natural gas. While natural gas prices are currently unregulated, Congress historically has been active in the area of natural gas regulation. Eastern States cannot predict whether new legislation to regulate natural gas might be proposed, what proposals, if any, might actually be enacted by Congress or the various state legislatures, and what effect, if any, the proposals might have on the operations of the underlying properties. Sales of crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids are not currently regulated and are made at market prices. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission implemented regulations on January 1, 1995, to establish an indexing system for transportation rates for oil that could increase the cost of transporting oil to the purchaser. Eastern States' gathering operations are subject to occupational safety, health and operational regulations relating to the design, installation, testing, construction, operation, replacement and management of facilities. Pipeline safety issues have recently been the subject of increasing focus in various political and administrative arenas at both the state and federal levels. Eastern States believes that its operations, to the extent they may be subject to current natural gas pipeline safety or other health and safety requirements, comply in all material respects with these requirements. Eastern States is not able to predict what effect, if any, these regulations might have. Environmental Regulation. Companies that are engaged in the oil and gas industry are affected by federal, state and local laws regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to environmental protection. Eastern States believes that it is in substantial compliance with the environmental laws and regulations that apply to the operations of the underlying properties. Eastern States has not previously incurred material expenses in complying with environmental laws and regulations that affect its operations of the underlying properties and does not currently expect that future compliance will have a material adverse effect on the trust or the quarterly distributions. For a detailed description of the environmental regulations applicable to Eastern States, see Appendix A "Information About Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. -- Business and Properties -- Environmental Matters." 47 52 State Regulation. The states of Kentucky and West Virginia may regulate the production, gathering and sale of oil and natural gas, including imposing requirements for obtaining drilling permits, the method of developing new fields, the spacing and operation of wells and the prevention of waste of oil and gas resources. These states may also regulate rates of production, may establish maximum daily production allowables from both oil and gas wells based on market demand or resource conservation, or both, and may require that certain wells be shut-in. The states of Kentucky and West Virginia also regulate the service which is provided to customers by Eastern States in connection with the direct supply of natural gas to homeowners. The petroleum industry is also subject to compliance with various other federal, state and local regulations and laws. Some of those laws relate to occupational safety, resource conservation and equal employment opportunity. Eastern States does not believe that compliance with these laws will have a material adverse effect upon the trust unitholders. TITLE TO PROPERTIES Eastern States believes that its title to the underlying properties is, and the trust's title to the net profits interest will be, good and defensible according to the standards generally accepted in the Appalachian Basin oil and gas industry. "Good and defensible title" means record ownership of oil and natural gas leasehold rights which afford the owner with the right to explore for, drill and produce oil and natural gas from the property. The underlying properties are typically subject, in one degree or another, to one or more of the following: - royalties, overriding royalties and other burdens under oil and gas leases; - relocation provisions under oil and gas leases with coal mining entities; - contractual obligations, including, in some cases, development obligations, arising under operating agreements, farmout agreements, production sales contracts and other agreements that may affect the properties or their titles; - liens that arise in the normal course of operations, such as those for unpaid taxes, statutory liens securing unpaid suppliers and contractors and contractual liens under operating agreements; - pooling, unitization and communitization agreements, declarations and orders; and - easements, restrictions, rights-of-way and other matters that commonly affect property. To the extent that these burdens and obligations affect Eastern States' rights to production and the value of production from the underlying properties, they have been taken into account in calculating the trust's interests and in estimating the size and the value of the reserves attributable to the net profits interests. Eastern States believes that the burdens and obligations affecting the underlying properties and the net profits interests are conventional in the industry for similar properties. Eastern States also believes that the burdens and obligations do not in the aggregate materially interfere with the use of the underlying properties and will not materially adversely affect the value of the net profits interests. Although the matter is not entirely free from doubt, Eastern States believes that the net profits interests should constitute real property interests under Kentucky law, but not under West Virginia law. Under West Virginia law, however, it is likely, although not entirely certain, that a net profits interest constitutes an economic interest in gross production measured by net profits, and that title to the economic interests can be transferred by a transfer document. Nevertheless, Eastern States will record the conveyances in the appropriate real property records of Kentucky and West Virginia. If during the term of the trust, Eastern States should become a debtor in a bankruptcy proceeding, it is not entirely certain that the net profits interests would be treated as real property interests under the laws of Kentucky, and they would not be so treated under West Virginia law. If a determination were made in a bankruptcy proceeding that a net profits interest did not constitute a real property interest or a transferable economic interest under applicable state law, it could be designated an executory contract. An executory contract is a term used, but not defined, in the federal bankruptcy code to refer to a contract under which the 48 53 obligations of both the debtor and the other party are so unsatisfied that the failure of either to complete performance would constitute a material breach excusing performance by the other. If a net profits interest were designated an executory contract and rejected in the bankruptcy proceeding, Eastern States would not be required to perform its obligations under the net profits interest and the trust would seek damages as one of Eastern States' unsecured creditors. Although no assurance can be given, Eastern States believes that the net profits interests should not be subject to rejection in a bankruptcy proceeding as executory contracts. YEAR 2000 "Year 2000," or the ability of computer systems to process dates with years beyond 1999, affects almost all companies and organizations. Computer systems that are not Year 2000 compliant by January 1, 2000 may cause material adverse effects to companies and organizations that rely upon those systems. The trust's timely receipt of royalty income and disbursement of distributable income to trust unitholders will largely depend upon performance of computer systems of Eastern States, the trust's transfer agent and other third parties. These third parties include oil and natural gas purchasers and significant service providers such as electric utility companies and natural gas plant, pipeline and gathering system operators. Eastern States has reviewed its computer systems and is making the necessary modifications for Year 2000 compliance. Eastern States is completing modifications and testing of its land computer programs and expects to complete remediation and testing by the end of November 1999. The remaining computer systems have been assessed and are believed to be compliant. Some of Eastern States' critical field equipment, such as natural gas compressors, are partially controlled or regulated by embedded computer chips. Based on a preliminary review of all operating areas, Eastern States has identified no significant compliance exceptions. Based on its review, remediation efforts and the results of testing, Eastern States does not believe that timely modification of its computer systems for Year 2000 compliance represents a material risk to the trust. Eastern States estimates that total costs related to Year 2000 compliance efforts will be approximately $200,000 of which approximately $130,000 has been incurred and expensed through September 30, 1999. The trust will not incur any of Eastern States' Year 2000 costs. Eastern States has identified significant third parties whose Year 2000 compliance could affect Eastern States and has formally inquired about their Year 2000 status. Eastern States has received responses to all of its inquiries. All respondents have indicated that they will be Year 2000 compliant by January 1, 2000. In addition, the property trustee and its primary service provider for trust distributions and account maintenance have indicated that they will be Year 2000 compliant by January 1, 2000. Despite its efforts to assure that the third parties are Year 2000 compliant, Eastern States cannot provide assurance that all significant third parties will achieve compliance in a timely manner. A third party's failure to achieve Year 2000 compliance could have a material adverse effect on Eastern States' operations and cash flow, and therefore have a material adverse impact on timely trust distributions to trust unitholders. For example a third party might fail to deliver revenue related to the trust's net profits interest to Eastern States, or Eastern States might fail to deliver the income of the net profits interest to the trust. In these situations, the trustee would be unable to make distributions of those amounts to trust unitholders on a timely basis. Eastern States has prepared contingency plans in the event of any potential problems resulting from failure of Eastern States' or significant third party computer systems and compressors on January 1, 2000. As part of its contingency plans, Eastern States will have certain key employees working on both December 31, 1999 and January 1, 2000 to determine that Eastern States' computer systems and compressors continue to operate normally. Eastern States anticipates minimal problems will be encountered which would affect trust assets, but the most reasonably likely worst scenario is the loss of production from 10% to 20% of the underlying wells for several days in January 2000 due to compressors not properly functioning. Such loss is estimated to be less than 1% of projected year 2000 revenue. 49 54 LITIGATION Various legal actions that have arisen in the ordinary course of business are pending with respect to Eastern States and its affiliates. None of these proceedings would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse impact on Eastern States' results of operations or financial position. Any liability relating to the underlying properties prior to September 1, 1999 will be borne by Eastern States. Any liabilities relating to the underlying properties on or after September 1, 1999 could proportionately reduce the amount of net proceeds payable to the trust based on the percentage of the trust's net profits interests. 50 55 COMPUTATION OF NET PROCEEDS The provisions governing the computation of the net proceeds are detailed and extensive. The following describes all of the material terms of the net profits interests but the computation of net proceeds is subject to and qualified by the more detailed provisions of the transfer documents of the net profits interests that are filed as exhibits to the registration statement. You should review those exhibits before making an investment in the trust units. See "Available Information" which describes how you may obtain copies of those exhibits. NET PROFITS INTERESTS The net profits interests are defined net profits interests carved from the underlying properties. The net profits interests entitle the trust to receive 80% of the net proceeds from the sale of natural gas produced from the 2,471 underlying wells and 10% of the net proceeds from the sale of natural gas produced from wells drilled by Eastern States on the underlying leases on or after September 1, 1999. The underlying properties are adjacent, in some cases, to other properties in which Eastern States has an interest and which generally produce from the same formations and horizons as the wells included in the underlying properties. The trust will not receive a net profits interest in the net proceeds from the sale of natural gas from these excluded properties. The amounts paid to the trust for the net profits interests are based on the definition of "net proceeds" contained in the transfer documents and described below. Under the transfer documents, net proceeds are computed quarterly on a state-by-state basis. Eastern States pays the net proceeds attributable to a computation period to the trust on or before the 20th day of the third calendar month following the end of each calendar quarter. Eastern States will not pay to the trust interest on the net proceeds held by Eastern States prior to payment to the trust. The property trustee makes quarterly distributions to trust unitholders. For a description of the terms of the trust agreement pertaining to cash distributions, see "Description of the Trust Units -- Distributions and Income Computations." Net proceeds payable to the trust equal the excess of aggregate gross proceeds over aggregate costs. For the trust's share of year 2000 production from the underlying properties, Eastern States has agreed to a hedge for the benefit of the trust. Under such hedge agreement, Eastern States has agreed that if the monthly closing NYMEX price for year 2000 natural gas production during any month is less than the "floor" price of $ per MMbtu or more than the "ceiling" price of $ per MMbtu, the net proceeds payable to the trust for such production will be calculated as if the monthly closing NYMEX price for such month was $ per MMbtu or $ per MMbtu, respectively. The net proceeds of the trust attributable to the trust's share of production for any period other than year 2000 will not be calculated upon any hedge, collar or other derivative agreement entered into by Eastern States. Aggregate gross proceeds means 80% of the gross proceeds attributable to the underlying wells plus 10% of the gross proceeds attributable to wells drilled on the underlying leases on or after September 1, 1999. Aggregate costs means 80% of the costs attributable to the underlying wells plus 10% of the costs attributable to the wells drilled on the underlying leases on or after September 1, 1999, plus excess costs as of the end of the prior computation period, plus interest on the amount of excess costs as of the end of the prior computation period calculated at the prime rate for the current computation period. Gross proceeds means the amounts received by Eastern States from sales of natural gas and oil produced from the underlying properties. The following are excluded from the calculation of gross proceeds: - all general property (ad valorem), production, severance, sales, gathering, excise and other taxes (other than income taxes) and gathering and compression costs if they are deducted or excluded from the proceeds of sales of production; - any amount attributable to nonconsent operations conducted on the underlying properties as to which Eastern States is a nonconsenting party and which is dedicated to the recoupment or reimbursement of costs and expenses of the consenting party by the terms of the relevant 51 56 agreement providing for the nonconsent operations has exercised its right under the applicable operating or other agreements not to consent to payment of expenses for activities conducted by other working interest owners; - any amount for natural gas lost in the production or marketing thereof or used for drilling, production or plant operations conducted for the purpose of drilling for, producing, processing or marketing natural gas from the underlying properties; - any payment made to the owner of an underlying property for: -- payments for the sale or transfer of the underlying properties (subject to the net profits interest); -- payments for the sale of equipment or other personal property, fixtures, gathering systems and other tangible property located on the underlying properties or used in connection therewith; -- natural gas not taken, but to the extent payments are allocated to natural gas taken in the future, payments are included, without interest, in gross proceeds when the natural gas is taken; -- damages, other than drainage or reservoir injury; -- rental for reservoir use; and -- payments in connection with the drilling of any well. Gross proceeds includes payments for future production if they are not subject to repayment in the event of insufficient subsequent production. Gross proceeds also includes cash payments received by the owner of the underlying properties in respect of any lease or farmout of the underlying properties. Costs mean, on a cash basis, generally the sum of: - all payments to mineral or land owners, such as royalties or other burdens against production, delay rentals, shut-in natural gas payments, minimum royalty or other payments for drilling or deferring drilling; - any taxes other than income taxes to the extent not previously deducted in calculating gross proceeds, including estimated and accrued ad valorem and other property and production taxes; - all development costs, which include all costs, expenses and liabilities of exploring, drilling and reworking natural gas wells, including allocated expenses such as labor, vehicle and travel costs and materials; - seismic, geophysical and other exploration costs; - third party costs and charges associated with gathering, compressing and processing natural gas; - Eastern States' costs and charges associated with gathering, compressing and processing natural gas, plus reimbursement for depreciation and a return on investment; - plugging and abandonment costs; - overhead charges, which include a producing well fixed fee, a fixed per well general and administrative fee and a fixed per well fee for wells drilled or deepened; - costs of insurance, if any, pertaining to the ownership or operation of the underlying properties; - costs of any litigation pertaining to the underlying properties arising from activities conducted after September 1, 1999, including settlements, damages, refunds, fines, interest and penalties paid to third parties or governmental authorities, provided that the owner of the underlying properties has acted as a reasonably prudent operator; - amounts previously included in gross proceeds but subsequently paid as a refund, interest or penalty; - costs and expenses for renewals or extensions of leases; and - at the option of the owner of an underlying property, accruals for costs approved under authorizations for expenditure and prepayment of costs reasonably expected to be incurred within 180 days of the quarter in which the prepayment is made. Effective September 1, 1999, Eastern States will deduct costs when calculating the net proceeds that it has not previously charged or, in some cases, deduct higher costs than what it had previously charged. These costs were not charged in the past because Eastern States owns approximately a 97% working 52 57 interest in the properties subject to the net profits interest and would, therefore, bear substantially all of the costs. When calculating net proceeds, Eastern States will proportionately reduce these costs based on the trust's percentage net profits interests. These costs are set forth in the transfer documents and include the following: Production Costs. As payment for operating the wells included in the underlying properties, except for wells producing below 7,000 feet, Eastern States will deduct a monthly fixed production fee of $170 per well for those wells producing five or more Mcf per day on an annual basis and $70 per well for those wells producing less than five Mcf per day on an annual basis. For those wells completed at depths below 7,000 feet, Eastern States will deduct a monthly fixed production fee of $300 per well. Wells that are shut-in, temporarily abandoned or otherwise inactive for mechanical reasons or pipeline constraints or because they may no longer be economic to continue to produce will be charged the applicable monthly fixed production cost if they are completed in a zone above 7,000 feet and $300 if they are completed in a zone below 7,000 feet. The monthly fixed production cost will no longer be charged once a well is plugged and abandoned. Each of these fixed production costs is subject to an annual adjustment beginning April 1, 2001 in accordance with an industry standard set forth in the accounting procedures in the transfer documents. Approximately 85% of the 2,471 underlying wells are currently producing in excess of an average of five Mcf per day. Production costs will be proportionately reduced based on Eastern States' percentage working interest in the applicable well. Eastern States Gathering and Compressing Charges. Eastern States will deduct from gross proceeds an amount equal to its costs incurred to gather, compress and process production from the underlying properties on Eastern States' facilities plus an amount to reimburse Eastern States for depreciation of the facilities and to provide a reasonable return on its investment in such facilities. The amount of this charge will vary as changes occur in Eastern States' investment in facilities associated with the underlying properties, as well as when changes occur in the costs incurred by Eastern States to perform such services. Overhead. Generally, fees are allocated among operating and non-operating interests. Because Eastern States has historically owned and operated almost 100% of its properties, it has not charged or allocated an overhead fee to the non-operator. Pursuant to the transfer documents, Eastern States will deduct a monthly overhead fee of $65 per producing well from the underlying properties, including shut-in wells, subject to an annual adjustment beginning April 1, 2001 in accordance with an industry standard set forth in the accounting procedures in the transfer documents. This fee will no longer be charged once a well is plugged and abandoned. This fee will be proportionately reduced based on Eastern States' percentage working interest in the applicable well. Development Costs and Drilling Overhead. Eastern States will deduct all development costs in calculating net proceeds attributable to the underlying properties, plus a drilling overhead fee of $36,000 for each well drilled or deepened to a deeper zone on or after September 1, 1999, subject to an annual adjustment beginning April 1, 2001 in accordance with an industry standard set forth in the accounting procedures in the transfer documents. Drilling costs will fluctuate seasonally as a result of Eastern States' weather-related concentration of drilling activity in the period from April to October. The drilling overhead fee will be proportionately reduced based on Eastern States' percentage working interest in the applicable well. Excess costs are the excess of costs over gross proceeds, plus interest accrued on such excess amount at the prime rate. Therefore, if costs exceed gross proceeds for a computation period, the trust will receive no payment for that period, and excess costs, plus interest accrued at the prime rate, will be carried over to the following month as a cost in determining the excess of gross proceeds over costs for that following month. Gross proceeds and costs are calculated on a cash basis, except that some costs, primarily ad valorem taxes and expenditures of a material amount, may be determined on an accrual basis. For convenience in complying with state tax laws, the net profits interests were created by two separate transfer documents, one for each of Kentucky and West Virginia, the two states in which the underlying properties are located. 53 58 Net proceeds are calculated separately for the underlying properties covered by each transfer document, so excess costs in one state do not reduce net proceeds from the other. Any gains or losses from hedging activities by Eastern States will not affect the calculation of net proceeds. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS The trust is not liable to the owner of the underlying properties or the operators for any operating, capital or other costs or liabilities attributable to the underlying properties. The trustee is not obligated to return any cash received from the net profits interests. Any overpayments made to the trust due to adjustments to prior calculations of net proceeds or otherwise will reduce future amounts payable to the trust until Eastern States recovers the overpayments plus interest at the prime rate. Eastern States must maintain books and records sufficient to determine the amounts payable for the net profits interests. Quarterly and annually, Eastern States must deliver to the trustee a statement of the computation of the net proceeds for each computation period. Eastern States will cause the annual computation of net proceeds to be audited. The audit cost will be borne by the trust. As discussed under "The Underlying Properties -- Sale and Abandonment of Underlying Properties; Sale of Net Profits Interests," Eastern States may convey any or all of the underlying properties without the consent of the trust or the unitholders. In this case, the trust's net profits interest must be paid by the transferee to the extent attributable to the underlying properties transferred. Neither the trust nor the unitholders are entitled to any of the proceeds from any sale of the underlying properties. If, however, the net profits interests are sold with the underlying properties, the trust will receive the proceeds attributable to the sale of its net profits interests. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES This section discusses all the material federal income tax consequences of the ownership and sale of trust units. Many aspects of federal income taxation that may be relevant to a particular taxpayer or to some types of taxpayers subject to specific tax treatment are not addressed. In addition, the tax laws can and do change regularly, and any future changes could have an adverse effect on the ownership or sale of trust units. The trust will not request rulings from the IRS dealing with the tax consequences of ownership of trust units. Instead the trust will rely on the opinion of Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. regarding the classification of the trust and the federal income tax consequences described below. Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. believes that its opinion is in accordance with the present position of the IRS regarding grantor trusts. The opinion is not binding on the IRS or the courts, however, and no assurance can be given that the IRS or the courts will agree with it. This discussion is based on current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, existing and proposed regulations thereunder and current administrative rulings and court decisions, all of which are subject to changes that may or may not be retroactively applied. Some of the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code have not been interpreted by the courts or the IRS. Currently pending proposed Federal tax legislation may also, under certain circumstances, have a material effect on a unitholder. As a consequence, each prospective unitholder should consult his own tax advisor with respect to his particular circumstances including his alternative minimum tax circumstances. SUMMARY OF LEGAL OPINIONS Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. is of the opinion that, for federal income tax purposes: - the trust will be treated as a grantor trust and not as a partnership or a corporation; and - the income from the net profits interests will be royalty income subject to an allowance for depletion. 54 59 Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. advises that, unless noted otherwise, legal conclusions stated in this section constitute its opinion. Because no ruling is being requested from the IRS with respect to the trust or trust unitholders, the IRS could challenge these opinions and statements, which do not bind the IRS or the courts. The IRS could win in court if it did challenge these matters. CLASSIFICATION AND TAXATION OF THE TRUST In the opinion of Andrews & Kurth L.L.P., under current law, the trust will be taxable as a grantor trust. As a grantor trust, the trust will not be subject to tax at the trust level. For tax purposes, the grantors, who in this case are the trust unitholders, will be considered to own the trust's income and principal as though no trust were in existence. A grantor trust simply files an information return, reporting all items of income or deduction which must be included in the tax returns of the trust unitholders based on their respective accounting methods and taxable years without regard to the accounting method and tax year of the trust. If, contrary to the opinion of Andrews & Kurth L.L.P., the trust were determined to be a business entity, it would be taxable as a partnership unless it elected to be taxed as a corporation. The principal tax consequence of the trust's being treated as a partnership would be that all trust unitholders would report their share of income from the trust on the accrual method of accounting regardless of their own method of accounting. DIRECT TAXATION OF TRUST UNITHOLDERS Because the trust will be treated as a grantor trust for federal income tax purposes, each trust unitholder will be taxed directly on his share of trust income and will be entitled to claim his share of trust deductions. Each trust unitholder will recognize taxable income when the trust receives or accrues it, even if it is not distributed until later. Trust unitholders will report their share of trust income and expenses consistent with their own method of accounting and their own tax year. REPORTING OF TRUST INCOME AND EXPENSES The trust will make quarterly distributions to unitholders of record on each quarterly record date established for that distribution. The terms of the trust agreement, as described below, seek to assure to the extent practicable that income attributable to distributions will be reported to the unitholder who receives the distributions, assuming that he is the owner of record on the quarterly record date established for the distribution. However, a unitholder will not receive the cash giving rise to that income in all situations. For example, if the trustee establishes a reserve or borrows money to satisfy liabilities of the trust, income associated with the cash used to establish that reserve or to repay that liability must be reported by the unitholder, even though that cash is not distributed to him. The trust will allocate income and deductions to unitholders based on record ownership at quarterly record dates established for distributions to the unitholders. The impact of this allocation method will be to treat the taxable income of the trust for a particular quarter as income to unitholders of record for that quarter unless otherwise advised by counsel. It is unknown whether the IRS will accept that allocation or will seek to require income and deductions of the trust to be determined and allocated daily or on some other basis, possibly retroactively to the date of the consummation of this offering. If the IRS were successful in doing so, trust income might be taxed to trust unitholders other than those who received the distribution relating to that income. Also, an accrual basis trust unitholder might realize royalty income in a tax year earlier than that reported by the trustee. ROYALTY INCOME AND DEPLETION In the opinion of Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. the income from the net profits interests will be royalty income qualifying for an allowance for depletion. The depletion allowance must be computed separately by each trust unitholder for each oil or gas property, within the meaning of Section 614 of the Internal Revenue Code. Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. understands that the IRS is presently taking the position that a 55 60 net profits interest carved from multiple properties is a single property for depletion purposes. Accordingly, the trust intends to take the position that each net profits interest transferred to the trust by a conveyance is a single property for depletion purposes. The trust will change this position if a different method is established by the IRS or the courts. The deduction for depletion is determined annually and is the greater of cost depletion or, if allowable, percentage depletion. Royalty income from production attributable to trust units owned by independent producers will qualify for percentage depletion. An individual or entity with production of the equivalent of not more than 1,000 barrels of oil per day is an independent producer. Percentage depletion is a statutory allowance equal to 15% of the gross income from production from a property. Percentage depletion is subject to a net income limitation of 100% of the taxable income from the property, computed without regard to depletion deductions and some loss carrybacks. The depletion deduction attributable to percentage depletion for a taxable year is limited to 65% of the taxpayer's taxable income for the year before allowance of independent producers percentage depletion and some loss carrybacks. Unlike cost depletion, percentage depletion is not limited to the adjusted tax basis of the property, although it reduces the adjusted tax basis, but not below zero. Eastern States believes that trust unitholders who purchase trust units in this offering will derive a substantially greater benefit from cost depletion than from percentage depletion. In computing cost depletion for each property for any year, the allowance for the property is calculated by dividing the adjusted tax basis of the property at the beginning of the year by the estimated total number of Bbls of oil or Mcf of natural gas recoverable from the property. This amount is then multiplied by the number of Bbls of oil or Mcf of natural gas produced and sold from the property during the year. Cost depletion for a property cannot exceed the adjusted tax basis of the property. Each trust unitholder will compute cost depletion using his basis in his trust units. Information will be provided to each trust unitholder reflecting how his basis should be allocated among each property represented by his trust units. To the extent the depletion deduction exceeds cash distributions per trust unit, that excess can be deducted from the taxpayer's other sources of taxable income. OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSES It is anticipated that the trust's only other income will be interest income earned on funds held as a reserve or pending distribution. Other trust expenses will include any state and local taxes imposed on the trust and administrative expenses of the trustee. Although the issue has not been finally resolved, Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. believes that all or substantially all of those expenses are deductible in computing adjusted gross income and, therefore, are not the type of miscellaneous itemized deductions that are allowable only to the extent that they total more than 2% of adjusted gross income. ALTERNATIVE MINIMUM TAX All taxpayers are subject to an alternative minimum tax. Alternative minimum taxable income is the taxpayer's taxable income recomputed with various adjustments plus items of tax preference. In the case of persons other than independent producers, tax preferences include the excess of percentage depletion deductions for an oil or natural gas property over the adjusted tax basis of the property. Alternative minimum tax is the excess of a taxpayer's tentative minimum tax on his alternative minimum taxable income for a tax year over his regular tax for that year. Because the effect of the alternate minimum tax varies depending upon each trust unitholder's personal tax and financial position, each prospective investor is advised to consult with his own tax advisor concerning the effect of the alternate minimum tax on him. UNRELATED BUSINESS TAXABLE INCOME Some organizations that are generally exempt from tax under Internal Revenue Code Section 501 are subject to tax on some types of business income defined in Section 512 as unrelated business income. In 56 61 the opinion of Andrews & Kurth L.L.P., the income of the trust will not be unrelated business taxable income so long as the trust does not incur any debt and the trust units are not debt-financed property within the meaning of Section 514(b). In general, a trust unit would be debt-financed only if the trust unitholder incurs debt to acquire a trust unit or otherwise incurs or maintains a debt that would not have been incurred or maintained if the trust unit had not been acquired. SALE OF TRUST UNITS Generally, a trust unitholder will realize gain or loss on the sale or exchange of his trust units measured by the difference between the amount realized on the sale or exchange and his adjusted basis for the trust units. Except to the extent of the depletion recapture amount described below, gain or loss on the sale of trust units by a trust unitholder who is not a dealer of the trust units will be a long-term capital gain, taxable at a maximum rate of 20%, if the trust units have been held for more than 12 months. A trust unitholder's initial basis in his trust units will be equal to the amount he paid for the trust units. That basis will be reduced by deductions for depletion claimed by the trust unitholder, but not below zero. Upon the sale of the trust units, a trust unitholder must treat as ordinary income his depletion recapture amount, which is an amount equal to the lesser of the gain on the sale or the sum of the prior depletion deductions taken on the trust units, but not in excess of the initial basis of the trust units. The IRS could also take the position that a portion of the sales proceeds is ordinary income to the extent of any accrued income at the time of the sale that was allocable to the trust units sold even though the income had not been distributed to the selling trust unitholder. SALE OF NET PROFITS INTERESTS A sale by the trust of a net profits interest will be treated for federal income tax purposes as a sale of that net profits interest by the unitholder. Thus, a unitholder will recognize gain or loss on a sale of a net profits interest by the trust. A portion of that income will be treated as ordinary income to the extent of depletion recapture. TAXATION OF FOREIGN HOLDERS Unless the election described below is made, a foreign holder, consisting of a nonresident alien individual, foreign corporation, or foreign estate or trust, will be subject to federal income withholding tax on his share of gross royalty income from the net profits interests. The withholding tax will be at a 30% rate, or lower treaty rate if applicable and proper evidence is supplied to the withholding agent, without any deductions. Gain realized on a sale of a trust unit by a foreign holder will be subject to federal income tax only if: - the gain is otherwise effectively connected with business conducted by the foreign holder in the United States; - the foreign holder is an individual who is present in the United States for at least 183 days in the year of the sale; - the foreign holder has at any time during the five-year period ending on the date of sale owned more than a 5% interest in the trust; or - the trust units cease to be regularly traded on an established securities exchange. Gain realized by a foreign holder upon the sale by the trust of all or any part of the net profits interests would be subject to federal income tax. Trust unitholders who are foreign holders may elect under Internal Revenue Code Section 871 or Section 882 or similar provisions of applicable treaties to treat income attributable to the net profits interests as effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States. The foreign holder will then be taxed at regular federal income tax rates on the net income rather than gross income attributable to the net profits interests, including gain recognized on the disposition of trust units. Absent a treaty exception, the net income of a corporate foreign holder which has made an election will also be 57 62 subject to the branch profits tax imposed under Section 884 to the extent such net income is not reinvested in a United States trade or business. To claim the deductions allowable in computing net income, including cost depletion, an electing foreign holder must file a United States income tax return. To avoid tax withholding, an electing foreign holder must provide proper certificates or other evidence to the withholding agent. Once made, the election is irrevocable unless an applicable treaty allows the election to be made annually. The election is applicable to all income and gain realized by the foreign holder on any real property interests located in the United States, including those interests held through partnerships, fixed investment trusts, and other pass-through entities. BACKUP WITHHOLDING In general, distributions of trust income will not be subject to backup withholding unless the trust unitholder is an individual or other noncorporate taxpayer and he fails to furnish his taxpayer identification number to the trustee in the manner required or he otherwise fails to comply with certain reporting procedures. TAX SHELTER REGISTRATION Eastern States believes that the requirements for tax shelter registration under Internal Revenue Code Section 6111 would be met if any trust unitholder's investment base is substantially reduced by borrowing. To avoid any potential penalty, the trust will be registered as a tax shelter with the IRS. The trustee will furnish the tax shelter registration number to each trust unitholder. Each trust unitholder must disclose this number by attaching Form 8271 to his tax return. ISSUANCE OF A TAX SHELTER REGISTRATION NUMBER DOES NOT INDICATE THIS INVESTMENT OR THE CLAIMED TAX BENEFITS HAVE BEEN REVIEWED, EXAMINED OR APPROVED BY THE IRS. REPORTS The trustee will furnish to trust unitholders of record quarterly and annual reports to facilitate their computation of their tax liability. For a further discussion of the trustee's reporting obligations, see "Description of the Trust Units -- Periodic Reports." STATE TAX CONSIDERATIONS This section is a brief summary of the material state income tax and other state tax considerations affecting the trust and the trust unitholders. No attempt has been made in the following discussion to comment on all state tax matters affecting the trust or trust unitholders. This discussion focuses on trust unitholders who are individuals not residing in either Kentucky or West Virginia, as applicable, and has only limited application to corporations, estates, trusts or other trust unitholders subject to specialized tax treatment, such as tax-exempt institutions, IRAs, REITs or mutual funds. Accordingly, each prospective trust unitholder should consult, and should depend on, his own tax advisor in analyzing the particular state and local tax consequences to him of an investment in the trust. The trust will not request rulings from the West Virginia or Kentucky state tax authorities dealing with the state tax consequences of ownership of trust units. Instead, the trust will rely on the opinion of Goodwin & Goodwin regarding the West Virginia state tax consequences described below and on the opinion of Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease LLP regarding the Kentucky state tax consequences described below. Goodwin & Goodwin, LLP believes that its opinion is in accordance with the position of the West Virginia state tax authorities regarding grantor trusts. This opinion is not binding on the West Virginia state tax authorities or the courts and we cannot assure you that the West Virginia state tax authorities or the courts will agree with it. 58 63 Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease LLP believes that its opinion is in accordance with the position of the Kentucky state tax authorities regarding grantor trusts. This opinion is not binding on the Kentucky state tax authorities or the courts and we cannot assure you that the Kentucky state tax authorities or the courts will agree with it. INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS The trust will own net profits interests burdening oil and gas properties located in the states of Kentucky and West Virginia. These states impose income taxes on residents and, for income from sources within these states, including income from properties located in these states, nonresidents. A trust unitholder may be required to file state income tax returns and/or to pay taxes in these states and may be subject to penalties for failure to comply with these requirements. Trust unitholders may also be subject to taxation by their state of residence on income derived from the trust. The income tax laws of Kentucky and West Virginia are based on federal income tax laws. Assuming the trust is taxed as a grantor trust for federal income tax purposes, the trust will not be subject to Kentucky or West Virginia state income taxation but the trust unitholders will be subject to income tax in both of these states on their share of income from the net profits interests burdening properties located in that state. The trustee will provide information concerning the trust sufficient to identify the income of the trust allocable to each state. Individual nonresident trust unitholders with West Virginia adjusted gross income from West Virginia sources in excess of the sum of West Virginia personal exemptions are required to file a West Virginia state income tax return. Individuals are currently allowed a West Virginia personal exemption of $2,000 for each exemption allowed for federal income tax purposes. Individual nonresident trust unitholders with gross income from Kentucky sources and $5,000 of total gross income must file a Kentucky state income tax return. It is uncertain whether trust unitholders who are nonresidents of Kentucky or West Virginia will be taxed in these states on gains from sales of trust units. West Virginia imposes a withholding tax on distributions made to nonresident individuals by an entity that is treated as a conduit of its income for tax purposes. The trust does not believe it is an entity that is required to withhold West Virginia taxes from distributions to trust unitholders who are not West Virginia residents and does not intend to do so unless counsel advises that such withholding is required. The trust would, if required, withhold 4% of the taxable income of each nonresident trust unitholder attributable to West Virginia sources. Distributions to trust unitholders are not currently subject to Kentucky withholding tax. If Kentucky enacts a nonresident withholding tax, the trust may be required to withhold taxes from distributions made to nonresident unitholders attributable to Kentucky source income. Taxes withheld by the trust from a trust unitholder would be treated as a distribution to that trust unitholder and allowed as a credit against that trust unitholder's state tax liability. PROBATE AND PROPERTY CONSIDERATIONS The trust units may constitute real property or an interest in real property under the inheritance, estate and probate laws of Kentucky or West Virginia. If the trust units are held to be real property or an interest in real property under the laws of a state in which the underlying properties are located, the trust unitholders may be subject to devolution, probate and administration laws, and inheritance or estate and similar taxes, under the laws of that state. 59 64 ERISA CONSIDERATIONS The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 regulates pension, profit-sharing and other employee benefit plans to which it applies. ERISA also contains standards for persons who are fiduciaries of those plans. In addition, the Internal Revenue Code provides similar requirements and standards which are applicable to qualified plans, which include these types of plans and to individual retirement accounts, whether or not subject to ERISA. A fiduciary of a qualified plan should carefully consider fiduciary standards under ERISA regarding the qualified plan's particular circumstances before authorizing an investment in trust units. A fiduciary should consider - whether the investment satisfies the prudence requirements of Section 404(a)(1)(B) of ERISA; - whether the investment satisfies the diversification requirements of Section 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA; and - whether the investment is in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the qualified plan as required by Section 404(a)(1)(D) of ERISA. A fiduciary should also consider whether an investment in trust units might result in direct or indirect nonexempt prohibited transactions under Section 406 of ERISA and Internal Revenue Code Section 4975. In deciding whether an investment involves a prohibited transaction, a fiduciary must determine whether there are plan assets in the transaction. On November 13, 1986, the Department of Labor published final regulations concerning whether or not a qualified plan's assets would be deemed to include an interest in the underlying assets of an entity for purposes of the reporting, disclosure and fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA and analogous provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. These regulations provide that the underlying assets of an entity will not be considered "plan assets" if the equity interests in the entity are a publicly offered security. Eastern States expects that at the time of the sale of the trust units in this offering, they will be publicly offered securities. Fiduciaries, however, will need to determine whether the acquisition of trust units is a nonexempt prohibited transaction under the general requirements of ERISA Section 406 and Internal Revenue Code Section 4975. The prohibited transaction rules are complex, and persons involved in prohibited transactions are subject to penalties. For that reason, potential qualified plan investors should consult with their counsel to determine the consequences under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code of their acquisition and ownership of trust units. DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AGREEMENT The following information and the information included under "Description of the Trust Units" summarize the material information contained in the trust agreement. This summary may not contain all the information that is important to you. For more detailed provisions concerning the trust, you should read the trust agreement. A copy of the trust agreement is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement. See "Available Information." CREATION AND ORGANIZATION OF THE TRUST; AMENDMENTS Eastern States will create the net profits interests and transfer them to the trust in exchange for trust units. The transfers of the net profits interests will be effective as of September 1, 1999. Eastern States organized the trust under the Delaware Business Trust Act to acquire and hold the net profits interests for the benefit of the trust unitholders under a trust agreement among Eastern States, the property trustee and the Delaware trustee. Neither the trust nor the property trustee has any control over or responsibility for costs relating to the operation of the underlying properties. Eastern States has no contractual commitments to the trust to conduct further drilling on or to maintain its ownership interest in any of these properties. For a description of the underlying properties and other information relating to them, see "The Underlying Properties." 60 65 The beneficial interest in the trust is divided into 10,500,000 trust units. Each of the trust units represents an equal undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the trust. You will find additional information concerning the trust units in "Description of the Trust Units." Amendment of the trust agreement requires a vote of holders of 66 2/3% or more of the outstanding trust units. However, no amendment may: - increase the power of the property trustee to engage in business or investment activities; - alter the rights of the trust unitholders as among themselves; or - permit the property trustee to distribute the net profits interests in kind. Provided that they do not adversely affect the interests of the trust unitholders, the following amendments do not require the vote of trust unitholders: - correcting any ambiguities; - correcting defects and inconsistencies; and - changing the name of the trust. ASSETS OF THE TRUST The assets of the trust consist of net profits interests and any cash and temporary investments being held for the payment of expenses and liabilities or for distribution to the trust unitholders. DUTIES AND LIMITED POWERS OF THE PROPERTY TRUSTEE The duties of the property trustee are specified in the trust agreement and by the laws of the State of Delaware. The property trustee's principal duties consist of: - collecting cash attributable to the net profits interests; - paying expenses, charges and obligations of the trust from the trust's cash and assets; - distributing distributable cash to the trust unitholders; - furnishing trust unitholders with information necessary for federal and state tax purposes; and - taking any action it deems necessary and advisable to best achieve the purposes of the trust. If a trust liability is contingent or uncertain in amount or not yet currently due and payable, the property trustee may create a cash reserve to pay for the liability. If the property trustee determines that the cash on hand and the cash to be received is insufficient to cover the trust's liability, the property trustee may borrow funds required to pay the liabilities. The property trustee may borrow the funds from any person, including itself. The property trustee may also mortgage the assets of the trust to secure payment of the indebtedness. If the property trustee borrows funds, the trust unitholders will not receive distributions until the borrowed funds are repaid. Each quarter, the property trustee will pay trust obligations and expenses and distribute to the trust unitholders the remaining cash received from the net profits interests. The cash held by the property trustee as a reserve against future liabilities or for distribution at the next distribution date must be invested in: - interest bearing obligations of the United States government; - repurchase agreements secured by interest-bearing obligations of the United States government; - money market mutual funds; or - bank certificates of deposit. The trust may not acquire any asset except the net profits interests, cash and temporary cash investments, and it may not engage in any investment activity except investing cash on hand. At the request of Eastern States, the property trustee must sell for cash the net profits interests relating to the underlying properties sold by Eastern States to an unaffiliated third party. However, these sales are required only if the net profits interests sold do not exceed $3 million in any calendar year or 61 66 $20 million on an aggregate basis for the life of the trust. Upon such a sale, Eastern States will, or will cause the purchaser to, pay to the trust the portion of the purchase price allocable to the net profits interests sold, less allocable expenses of the sale, including attorneys' fees. The property trustee may sell the net profits interests in any of the following circumstances: - the sale does not involve trust assets of which the aggregate standardized measure exceeds $30 million and is in the best interests of the trust unitholders and a majority of the trust units represented at a meeting of the trust unitholders where a quorum is present approve the sale; or - the sale involves trust assets of which the aggregate standardized measure exceeds $30 million and is in the best interests of the trust unitholders and holders representing at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding trust units approve the sale. Upon dissolution of the trust the property trustee must sell the net profits interests. No trust unitholder approval is required in this event. The trustee will distribute the net proceeds from any sale of the net profits interests to the trust unitholders after payment of all liabilities of the trust in accordance with law. The property trustee may require any trust unitholder to dispose of his trust units if an administrative or judicial proceeding seeks to cancel or forfeit any of the property in which the trust holds an interest because of the nationality or any other status of that trust unitholder. If a trust unitholder fails to dispose of his trust units, the property trustee has the right to purchase them and to borrow funds to make that purchase. The property trustee may agree to modifications of the terms of the conveyances or to settle disputes involving the conveyances. The property trustee may not agree to modifications or settle disputes involving the royalty part of the conveyances if these actions would change the character of the net profits interests in a way that the net profits interests become working interests or that the trust becomes an operating business. DUTIES AND LIMITED POWERS OF THE DELAWARE TRUSTEE The duties of the Delaware trustee are specified in the trust agreement and by the laws of the State of Delaware. The Delaware trustee's principal duties are to execute, deliver, acknowledge and file all necessary documents and to maintain all necessary records of the trust as required by the laws of the State of Delaware. Unless specifically authorized in writing by the property trustee and consented to by the Delaware trustee, the Delaware trustee shall not participate in any decisions or possess any authority regarding the administration of the trust, the investment of the trust's property or distributions to trust unitholders. LIABILITIES OF THE TRUST Because the trust does not conduct an active business and the property trustee has minimal power to incur obligations, Eastern States expects that the trust will only incur liabilities for routine administrative expenses. These might include the trustee's fees and accounting, engineering, legal and other professional fees. RESPONSIBILITY AND LIABILITY OF THE PROPERTY TRUSTEE Under the trust agreement, the property trustee is required to act in the best interests of the trust unitholders at all times. The property trustee must exercise the same judgment and care in supervising and managing the trust's assets as persons of ordinary prudence, discretion and intelligence would exercise. 62 67 The property trustee will not make business decisions affecting the assets of the trust. Therefore, substantially all of the property trustee's functions under the trust agreement are expected to be ministerial in nature. The trust agreement, however, provides that the trustee may: - charge a fee for its services as trustee; - retain funds to pay for future expenses and deposit them in its own account; - lend funds at commercial rates to the trust to pay the trust's expenses; and - reimburse itself from the trust for its out-of-pocket expenses. For a description of the functions of the property trustee, see "-- Duties and Limited Powers of the Property Trustee" above. In discharging its duty to trust unitholders, the property trustee may act in its discretion and will be liable to the trust unitholders only for fraud, gross negligence or acts or omissions constituting bad faith. The property trustee will not be liable for any act or omission of its agents or employees unless the property trustee acted in bad faith or with gross negligence in their selection and retention. The property trustee will be indemnified individually or as property trustee for any liability or cost that it incurs in the administration of the trust, except in cases of fraud, gross negligence or bad faith. The property trustee will have a lien on the assets of the trust as security for this indemnification and its compensation earned as property trustee. The property trustee is entitled to indemnification from trust assets or, to the extent that trust assets are insufficient, from Eastern States. Trust unitholders will not be liable to the property trustee for any indemnification. The property trustee may not cause the trust to incur any contractual liabilities that are not limited to the assets of the trust and will be liable for its failure to do so. For a description of the limitations on the liability of trust unitholders, see "Description of the Trust Units -- Liability of Trust Unitholders." Delaware law permits the trust unitholders to file actions seeking other remedies, including: - removal of the trustees; - specific performance; - appointment of a receiver; - an accounting by the property trustee to trust unitholders; and - punitive damages. CONDITIONAL RIGHT OF REPURCHASE The trust agreement provides that Eastern States and any of its successors, affiliates and transferees will retain the right to repurchase all, but not less than all, outstanding trust units at any time during which 15% or less of the outstanding trust units are owned by persons or entities other than Eastern States and its affiliates. Subject to the following sentence, any such repurchase would be at a price equal to the greater of (1) the highest price at which Eastern States or any of its affiliates acquired trust units during the 90 days immediately preceding the determination date; and (2) the average closing price of trust units on the NYSE for the 30 trading days immediately preceding the determination date. If Eastern States or any of its affiliates acquires trust units, excluding an acquisition from Eastern States or any affiliate, during the period that is three trading days after the determination date at a price per trust unit greater than that at which an acquisition was made during the 90-day period referred to in clause (1) of the preceding sentence, then for purposes of clause (1) of the preceding sentence the highest price used therein shall be such greater price. The determination date is three trading days prior to the date that notice of the exercise is delivered to trust unitholders. Any repurchase would be conducted in accordance with applicable Federal and state securities laws, including, without limitation, Rule 13e-4 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to the extent then applicable. 63 68 If Eastern States elects to purchase all the trust units, Eastern States and the property trustee will, prior to the date fixed for purchase, give all unitholders of record not less than 15 days' nor more than 60 days' written notice. The notice will specify the time and place of the repurchase, calling upon each trust unitholder to surrender to Eastern States or its agent on the repurchase date at the place designated in the notice its certificate or certificates representing the number of trust units specified in the notices. On or after the repurchase date, each holder of trust units must present and surrender to Eastern States or its agent its certificates for its trust units at the place designated and thereupon the purchase price of the trust units shall be paid to or on the order of the person or entity whose name appears on the certificate or certificates as the owner thereof. In no event may fewer than all of the outstanding trust units represented by the certificates be repurchased, excluding any units held by Eastern States and any of its affiliates. If Eastern States and the property trustee give a notice of repurchase and if, on or before the date fixed for repurchase, the funds necessary for the repurchase shall have been set aside by Eastern States, separate and apart from its other funds, in trust for the pro rata benefit of the holders of the trust units then, notwithstanding that any certificate for the trust units has not been surrendered, at the close of business on the repurchase date the holders of units shall cease to be unitholders and shall have no interest in or claims against Eastern States, the trust, the Delaware trustee or the property trustee by virtue thereof and shall have no voting or other rights with respect to the trust units, except the right to receive the purchase price payable upon repurchase, without interest thereon and without any other distributions for record dates after the date of notice of the repurchase, upon surrender and endorsement, if required by Eastern States of their certificates. The trust units evidenced thereby will no longer be held of record in the names of the unitholders. Subject to applicable escheat laws, any monies so set aside by Eastern States and unclaimed at the end of two years from the repurchase date will revert to the general funds of Eastern States, after which reversion the holders of units so noticed for repurchase may look only to the general funds of Eastern States for the payment of the purchase price. Any interest accrued on funds so deposited would be paid to Eastern States from time to time as requested by Eastern States. If Eastern States exercises and consummates its right of repurchase, then at its option it may cause the trust to be terminated by providing written notice thereof to the property trustee and the Delaware trustee. Within 30 days following written notice of Eastern States' decision to terminate the trust, the property trustee and the Delaware trustee must cause all net profits interests and, subject to the rights of unitholders with respect to the receipt of distributions for which a record date has been determined, all proceeds of production attributable to the net profits interests and any other assets of the trust to be transferred to Eastern States or its assignee, subject to the right of the property trustee and Delaware trustee to create reasonable reserves in connection with the liquidation of the trust. DURATION OF THE TRUST; SALE OF NET PROFITS INTERESTS The trust will dissolve if: - the trust sells all of the net profits interests; - annual net proceeds for West Virginia are less than $3.5 million for each of two consecutive years after the year 2000; - annual net proceeds for Kentucky are less than $3.5 million for each of two consecutive years after the year 2000; - the holders of 66 2/3% or more of the outstanding trust units vote in favor of termination; - Eastern States exercises its conditional right of repurchase; or - a judicial dissolution of the trust occurs. The property trustee would then sell all of the trust's assets, either by private sale or public auction, and, after payment of liabilities of the trust, distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the trust unitholders. Thereafter the trust will terminate. 64 69 DISPUTE RESOLUTION Any dispute, controversy or claim that may arise between Eastern States and the property trustee relating to the trust will be submitted to binding arbitration before a tribunal of three arbitrators. The tribunal of three arbitrators shall be selected as follows: one arbitrator selected by the claimant; one arbitrator selected by the respondent; and one arbitrator mutually selected by the other two arbitrators. COMPENSATION OF THE PROPERTY TRUSTEE AND THE DELAWARE TRUSTEE The property trustee's and the Delaware trustee's compensation will be paid out of the trust's assets. For a further discussion of the trustee's compensation, see "The Trust." MISCELLANEOUS The property trustee may consult with counsel, accountants, geologists and engineers and other parties the property trustee believes to be qualified as experts on the matters for which advice is sought. The property trustee will be protected for any action it takes in good faith reliance upon the opinion of an expert. DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST UNITS Each trust unit is a unit of beneficial ownership in the trust and represents an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the trust. Each trust unitholder has the same rights regarding each of his trust units as every other trust unitholder has regarding his units. The trust will have 10,500,000 trust units outstanding upon completion of the offering. DISTRIBUTIONS AND INCOME COMPUTATIONS Each quarter, the property trustee will determine the amount of funds available for distribution to the trust unitholders. Available funds are the excess cash received by the trust from the net profits interests and other sources that quarter, over the trust's liabilities for that quarter. Available funds will be reduced by any cash the property trustee decides to hold as a reserve against future liabilities. Trust unitholders that own their trust units on the record date, which is the 15th day of the third calendar month after the end of the respective quarter, will receive a quarterly distribution no later than the 25th day of the third month after the end of the respective quarter. The first distribution will be made on or before December 25, 1999 to trust unitholders owning trust units on December 15, 1999 for the production period September 1, 1999 through September 30, 1999. The second distribution will be made on or before March 25, 2000 to trust unitholders owning trust units on March 15, 1999 for the production period October 1, 1999 through December 31, 1999. Unless otherwise advised by counsel, the property trustee will treat the income and expenses of the trust for each quarter as belonging to the trust unitholders of record on the record date for that quarter. For a further description of the income tax treatment of unit ownership, see "Federal Income Tax Consequences" and "State Tax Considerations." TRANSFER OF TRUST UNITS Trust unitholders may transfer their trust units by sending their trust unit certificate to the property trustee along with a transfer form that is properly completed. The property trustee will not require either the transferor or transferee to pay a service charge for any transfer of a trust unit. The property trustee may require payment of any tax or other governmental charge imposed for a transfer. The property trustee may treat the registered owner of any trust unit as shown by its records as the owner of the trust unit. The property trustee will not be considered to know about any claim or demand on a trust unit by any party except the record owner. A person who acquires a trust unit after any record date will not be entitled to the distribution relating to that record date. Delaware law will govern all matters affecting the title, ownership, warranty or transfer of trust units. 65 70 PERIODIC REPORTS No later than 120 days following the end of each year, the property trustee will mail to the trust unitholders an annual report containing audited financial statements of the trust. The property trustee will file all required trust federal and state income tax and information returns. The property trustee will prepare and mail to trust unitholders annually reports that trust unitholders need to report their share of the income and deductions of the trust. Each trust unitholder and his representatives may examine, for any proper purpose and during reasonable business hours, the records of the trust and the property trustee. LIABILITY OF TRUST UNITHOLDERS Under the Delaware Business Trust Act, trust unitholders will be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations for profit under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. VOTING RIGHTS OF TRUST UNITHOLDERS Trust unitholders have more limited voting rights than those of stockholders of most public corporations. For example, there is no requirement for annual meetings of trust unitholders or for annual or other periodic re-elections of the property trustee. The property trustee or trust unitholders owning at least 15% of the outstanding trust units may call meetings of trust unitholders. Meetings must be held in Fort Worth, Texas. The property trustee must send written notice of the time and place of the meeting and the matters to be acted upon to all of the trust unitholders at least 20 days and not more than 60 days before the meeting. Trust unitholders representing a majority of trust units outstanding must be present or represented to have a quorum. Each trust unitholder is entitled to one vote for each trust unit owned. Under the trust agreement, a matter is approved by the vote of a majority of the trust units held by the trust unitholders at a meeting where there is a quorum. This is true, even if a majority of the total trust units did not approve it. The affirmative vote of the holders of 66 2/3% of the outstanding trust units is required to: - dissolve the trust; - amend the trust agreement for matters that adversely affect the right of trust unitholders in a material respect; or - approve the sale of all or any material part of the assets of the trust. The property trustee must consent before all or any part of the trust assets can be sold except in connection with the termination of the trust or limited sales directed by Eastern States in conjunction with its sale of underlying properties. The property trustee may be removed, with or without cause, by the vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding trust units. 66 71 COMPARISON OF TRUST UNITS AND COMMON STOCK You should be aware of the following ways in which an investment in trust units is different from an investment in common stock of a corporation. TRUST UNITS COMMON STOCK ----------- ------------ Voting Limited voting rights. Corporate statutes provide specific voting rights to stockholders on electing directors and major corporate transactions. Income Tax The trust is not subject to Corporations are taxed on tax; trust unitholders are their income, and their directly subject to income stockholders are taxed on tax on their proportionate dividends received. share of trust net income, adjusted for tax deductions. Distributions Substantially all trust cash Stockholders receive receipts are distributed to dividends at the discretion trust unitholders. of the board of directors. Business and Assets Interest is limited to A corporation conducts an specific assets with a finite active business for an economic life. unlimited term and can reinvest its earnings and raise additional capital to expand. Fiduciary Duties To the extent provided in the Officers and directors have a trust agreement, the property fiduciary duty of loyalty to trustee has a fiduciary duty stockholders and a duty to to the trust unitholders. use due care in management Eastern States does not owe and administration of a the trust unitholders a corporation. fiduciary duty. 67 72 UNDERWRITING Under the terms and subject to the conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, the form of which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, the underwriters named below, for whom Lehman Brothers Inc., Salomon Smith Barney Inc., PaineWebber Incorporated, CIBC World Markets Corp., Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation, Dain Rauscher Wessels, a division of Dain Rauscher Incorporated, Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation, A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc., and McDonald Investments Inc. are acting as representatives, have agreed to purchase from Eastern States, and Eastern States has agreed to sell to each underwriter, the number of trust units set forth opposite the name of such underwriter below: NUMBER OF TRUST UNITS UNDERWRITERS ----------- Lehman Brothers Inc. ....................................... Salomon Smith Barney Inc. .................................. PaineWebber Incorporated.................................... CIBC World Markets Corp. ................................... Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation...................... Dain Rauscher Wessels....................................... Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation......... A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. .................................. McDonald Investments Inc. .................................. --------- Total............................................. 7,875,000 ========= Eastern States has granted to the underwriters an option to purchase up to an additional 1,181,250 trust units, exercisable solely to cover over-allotments, at the initial public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions shown on the cover page of this prospectus. Such option may be exercised at any time until 30 days after the date of the underwriting agreement. To the extent that the option is exercised, each underwriter will be committed, subject to conditions specified in the underwriting agreement, to purchase a number of the additional trust units that is proportionate to such underwriter's initial commitment as indicated on the preceding table. The following table shows the per trust unit and total underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriters by Eastern States. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters' option to purchase 1,181,250 additional units. PAID BY EASTERN STATES --------------------------- NO EXERCISE FULL EXERCISE ----------- ------------- Per trust unit.............................................. Total....................................................... The underwriters propose to offer the trust units to the public at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and to certain dealers at such initial public offering price less a selling concession not in excess of $ per trust unit. The underwriters may allow, and such dealers may reallow, a concession not in excess of $ per trust unit to certain other underwriters or to certain other brokers or dealers. After the initial offering of the trust units to the public, the offering price and other selling terms may from time to time be changed by the representatives. The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the trust units offered hereby are subject to approval of certain legal matters by counsel and to other specified conditions, including the condition that no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the registration statement is in effect and no proceedings for such purpose are pending or threatened by the SEC, and that there has been no material adverse change or development involving a prospective material adverse change in the condition of the trust or the underlying properties from that set forth in the 68 73 registration statement otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in this prospectus, and that certificates, opinions and letters specified in the underwriting agreement have been received from Eastern States and its counsel. The underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all trust units (other than those covered by the underwriters' over-allotment option described below) if any such trust units are taken. Eastern States and the trust have agreed in the underwriting agreement to indemnify the underwriters against civil liabilities to the extent specified in that agreement, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and to contribute to payments that the underwriters may be required to make for such liabilities. The trust's indemnity obligations are limited to the assets of the trust, and neither the trustee nor any unitholder will have any obligation to indemnify the underwriters. Eastern States has agreed that they will not, without the prior written consent of Lehman Brothers Inc., during the 180 days following the date of this prospectus, (1) offer for sale, sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction or device which is designed to, or could be expected to, result in the disposition by any person at any time in the future of) any trust units or any securities that are convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, trust units, or (2) enter into any swap or other derivatives transaction that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic benefits or rights of ownership of such trust units. The underwriters have advised Eastern States that they do not intend to confirm any sales to accounts over which they exercise discretionary authority. Until the distribution of the trust units is completed, the rules of the SEC may limit the ability of the underwriters and certain selling group members to bid for and purchase trust units. As an exception to these rules, the representatives are permitted to engage in certain transactions that stabilize the price of the trust units. Such transactions may consist of bids or purchases for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the trust units. In addition, if the representatives over-allot, that is, if they sell more trust units than are set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and thereby create a short position in the trust units in connection with the offering, the representatives may reduce that short position by purchasing trust units in the open market. The representatives may also elect to reduce any short position by exercising all or part of the over-allotment option described herein. In addition, if the underwriters purchase trust units in the open market for the account of the underwriting syndicate and the trust units purchased can be traced to a particular underwriter or selling group member, the underwriting syndicate may impose a "penalty bid" on the selling underwriter or member for reselling trust units back to the syndicate. The penalty bid can be a requirement that the underwriter purchase the trust units it sold at the cost price to the syndicate or a requirement that the underwriter or selling group member repay to the syndicate account the selling concession it earned at the sale of the trust units. As a result, an underwriter or selling group member and, in turn brokers, may lose the fees that they otherwise would have earned from a sale of the trust units if their customer resells the trust units while the penalty bid is in effect. The imposition of a penalty bid might have an effect on the price of the trust units if it discouraged resales of trust units by purchasers in the offering. In general, purchases of a security for the purpose of stabilization or to reduce a syndicate short position could cause the price of the security to be higher than it might otherwise be in the absence of such purchases. The imposition of a penalty bid might have an effect on the price of a security to the extent that it were to discourage resales of the security by purchasers in the offering. Neither Eastern States, the trust nor any of the underwriters makes any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of the trust units. In addition, neither Eastern States, the trust nor any of the underwriters makes any representation that the representatives will engage in such transactions or that such transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice. 69 74 Prior to the offering, there has been no public market for the trust units. The initial public offering price was negotiated between Eastern States and the representatives. The factors considered in determining the initial public offering price of the trust units include prevailing market conditions, estimates of distributions to trust unitholders and the overall quality of the underlying properties. The initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus should not, however, be considered an indication of the actual value of the trust units. Such price will be subject to change as a result of market conditions and other factors. There can be no assurance that an active trading market will develop for the trust units or that the trust units will trade in the public market subsequent to the offering at or above the initial public offering price. Eastern States estimates that the total expenses of the offering, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $1.5 million. The trust has applied to have the trust units listed on the NYSE under the symbol "ANG." A prospectus may be made available in electronic format on an Internet website maintained by Fidelity Investments, which is expected to act as one of the dealers in the offering. Because it is expected that the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. will view the trust units offered hereby as interests in a direct participation program, the offering is being made in compliance with Rule 2810 of the NASD's Conduct Rules. SELLING TRUST UNITHOLDER Eastern States currently owns all of the 10,500,000 outstanding trust units. It is offering 7,875,000 trust units in this offering, or 9,056,250 trust units if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full. Eastern States may sell trust units, exchange them for oil and natural gas properties or use them for other corporate purposes. Prior to this offering there has been no public market for the trust units. Eastern States cannot predict the effect on future market prices, if any, of market sales of trust units or the availability of trust units for sale if it disposes of its trust units. Nevertheless, sales of substantial amounts of trust units in the public market could adversely affect prevailing market prices. VALIDITY OF THE TRUST UNITS Counsel for Eastern States and the trust, Andrews & Kurth L.L.P., Houston, Texas will give the tax opinion described in the section of this prospectus captioned "Federal Income Tax Consequences" and other matters. Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A. will give a legal opinion as to the validity of the trust units. Certain legal matters in connection with the trust units offered hereby will be passed upon for the underwriters by Baker & Botts, L.L.P., Houston, Texas. 70 75 EXPERTS Information appearing in this prospectus regarding the August 31, 1999 estimated quantities of reserves of the underlying properties and net profits interests owned by the trust, the future net revenues from those reserves and their present value was prepared by Ryder Scott Company, L.P., independent petroleum engineers. Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, have audited the Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses of the Underlying Properties of Eastern States Oil and Gas, Inc. for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998, the Statement of Assets and Trust Corpus of Appalachian Natural Gas Trust, formerly the Appalachian Basin Royalty Trust, as of August 19, 1999, the Consolidated Financial Statements of Eastern States Oil and Gas, Inc. as of December 31, 1998 and 1997, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998, and the Consolidated Financial Statements of the domestic operations of Blazer Energy Corp. for the year ended September 30, 1996, as set forth in their reports. We have included these financial statements in the prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement in reliance on Ernst & Young LLP's reports, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing. AVAILABLE INFORMATION The trust and Eastern States have filed with the SEC in Washington, D.C. a registration statement, including all amendments, under the Securities Act of 1933 relating to the trust units. As permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC, this prospectus does not contain all of the information contained in the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules to the registration statement. You may read and copy the registration statement or other information at the SEC's public reference room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may request copies of these documents, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC at the address in the previous sentence. To obtain information on the operation of the public reference rooms you may call the SEC at (800) SEC-0330. Eastern States' filings will also be available to the public on the SEC Internet Web site at http://www.sec.gov. Bank One, Texas, N.A. is the property trustee of the trust. The property trustee's address is 500 Throckmorton, Suite 801, Fort Worth, Texas 76102, Attention: Corporate Trust Department. 71 76 GLOSSARY OF OIL AND NATURAL GAS TERMS In this prospectus the following terms have the meanings specified below. Bbl -- One stock tank barrel, or 42 US gallons liquid volume, of crude oil or other liquid hydrocarbons. Bcf -- One billion cubic feet of natural gas. Bcfe -- One billion cubic feet of natural gas equivalent, computed on an approximate energy equivalent basis that one Bbl equals six Mcf. Btu -- A British Thermal Unit, a common unit of energy measurement. Estimated Future Net Cash Flow -- The result of applying current prices of oil and natural gas to estimated future production from oil and natural gas proved reserves, reduced by estimated future expenditures, based on current costs to be incurred, in developing and producing the proved reserves, excluding overhead. MBbl -- One thousand Bbl. Mcf -- One thousand cubic feet of natural gas. Mcfe -- One thousand cubic feet of natural gas equivalent, computed on an approximate energy equivalent basis that one Bbl equals six Mcf. MMbtu -- One million Btus. MMcf -- One million cubic feet of natural gas. MMcfe -- One million cubic feet of natural gas equivalent, computed on an approximate energy equivalent basis that one Bbl equals six Mcf. Natural Gas Revenue -- Includes revenue related to the sale of natural gas, natural gas liquids and plant products. Net Wells or Acres -- Determined by multiplying "gross" wells or acres by the interest in such wells or acres represented by the underlying properties. Net Profits Interest (also called a net overriding royalty interest) -- A nonoperating interest that creates a share in gross production from an operating or working interest in oil and gas properties. The share is measured by net profits from the sale of production after deducting production and property taxes, development and production costs and overhead. NYMEX -- New York Mercantile Exchange, where futures and options contracts for the oil and natural gas industry and some precious metals are traded. Overriding Royalty Interest -- A royalty interest created or "carved" out of a working or operating interest. Its term extends for the same term as the working interest from which it is carved. Proved Developed Reserves -- Proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Proved Reserves -- The estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids which, upon analysis of geological and engineering data, appear with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in the future from known oil and natural gas reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. The Securities and Exchange Commission definition of proved oil and gas reserves, per Article 4-10(a)(2) of Regulation S-X, is as follows: Proved oil and gas reserves. Proved oil and gas reserves are the estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating 72 77 conditions, i.e., prices and costs as of the date the estimate is made. Prices include consideration of changes in existing prices provided only by contractual arrangements, but not on escalations based upon future conditions. (1) Reservoirs are considered proved if economic producibility is supported by either actual production or conclusive formation test. The area of a reservoir considered proved includes (A) that portion delineated by drilling and defined by gas-oil and/or oil-water contacts, if any; and (B) the immediately adjoining portions not yet drilled, but which can be reasonably judged as economically productive on the basis of available geological and engineering data. In the absence of information on fluid contacts, the lowest known structural occurrence of hydrocarbons controls the lower proved limit of the reservoir. (2) Reserves which can be produced economically through application of improved recovery techniques (such as fluid injection) are included in the "proved" classification when successful testing by a pilot project, or the operation of an installed program in the reservoir, provides support for the engineering analysis on which the project or program was based. (3) Estimates of proved reserves do not include the following: (A) oil that may become available from known reservoirs but is classified separately as "indicated additional reserves"; (B) crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids, the recovery of which is subject to reasonable doubt because of uncertainty as to geology, reservoir characteristics, or economic factors; (C) crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids, that may occur in undrilled prospects; and (D) crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids, that may be recovered from oil shales, coal, gilsonite and other such sources. Proved Undeveloped Reserves -- Proved reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required. Reserve-to-Production Index -- An estimate, expressed in years, of the total estimated proved reserves attributable to a producing property divided by production from the property for the 12 months preceding the date as of which the proved reserves were estimated. Royalty Interest -- A real property interest entitling the owner to receive a specified portion of the gross proceeds of the sale of oil and natural gas production or, if the transfer document or conveyance creating the interest provides, a specific portion of oil and natural gas produced, without any deduction for the costs to explore for, develop or produce the oil and natural gas. A royalty interest owner has no right to consent to or approve the operation and development of the property, while the owners of the working interest have the exclusive right to exploit the mineral on the land. Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows -- Also referred to herein as "standardized measure." It is the present value of estimated future net revenues computed by discounting estimated future net revenues at a rate of 10% annually. The Financial Accounting Standards Board requires disclosure of standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserve quantities, per paragraph 30 of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 69, as follows: A standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to an enterprise's interests in (a) proved oil and gas reserves and (b) oil and gas subject to purchase under long-term supply, purchase, or similar agreements and contracts in which the enterprise participates in the operation of the properties on which the oil or gas is located or otherwise serves as the producer of those reserves shall be disclosed as of the end of the year. The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to those two types of interests in reserves may be combined for reporting purposes. The following information shall be disclosed in the aggregate and for each geographic area for which reserve quantities are disclosed: a.Future cash inflows. These shall be computed by applying year-end prices of oil and gas relating to the enterprise's proved reserves to the year-end quantities of those reserves. Future price 73 78 changes shall be considered only to the extent provided by contractual arrangements in existence at year-end. b.Future development and production costs. These costs shall be computed by estimating the expenditures to be incurred in developing and producing the proved oil and gas reserves at the end of the year, based on year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. If estimated development expenditures are significant, they shall be presented separately from estimated production costs. c.Future income tax expenses. These expenses shall be computed by applying the appropriate year-end statutory tax rates, with consideration of future tax rates already legislated, to the future pretax net cash flows relating to the enterprise's proved oil and gas reserves, less the tax basis of the properties involved. The future income tax expenses shall give effect to tax deductions, tax credits and allowances relating to the enterprise's proved oil and gas reserves. d.Future net cash flows. These amounts are the result of subtracting future development and production costs and future income tax expenses from future cash inflows. e.Discount. This amount shall be derived from using a discount rate of 10 percent a year to reflect the timing of the future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves. f.Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows. This amount is the future net cash flows less the computed discount. Working Interest (also called an operating interest) -- A real property interest entitling the owner to receive a specified percentage of the proceeds of the sale of oil and natural gas production or a percentage of the production, but requiring the owner of the working interest to bear the cost to explore for, develop and produce such oil and natural gas. A working interest owner who owns a portion of the working interest may participate either as operator or by voting his percentage interest to approve or disapprove the appointment of an operator and certain activities in connection with the development and operation of a property. 74 79 INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS UNDERLYING PROPERTIES Report of Independent Auditors............................ F-2 Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses for the Years Ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 and for the Eight Months Ended August 31, 1998, and 1999... F-3 Notes to Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses............................................... F-4 APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST Report of Independent Auditors............................ F-8 Statement of Assets and Trust Corpus as of August 19, 1999................................................... F-9 Notes to Statement of Assets and Trust Corpus............. F-10 Pro Forma Statement of Assets and Trust Corpus (Unaudited)............................................ F-11 Pro Forma Statement of Distributable Cash for the Year Ended December 31, 1998 and for the Eight Months Ended August 31, 1999 (Unaudited)............................ F-12 Notes to Pro Forma Statement of Distributable Cash (Unaudited)............................................ F-13 F-1 80 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS Board of Directors and Stockholder Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. We have audited the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of the Underlying Properties of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the revenues and direct operating expenses of the Underlying Properties for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. ERNST & YOUNG LLP Vienna, Virginia October 6, 1999, except for Note 5, as to which the date is October 13, 1999 F-2 81 UNDERLYING PROPERTIES STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1997 AND 1998 AND FOR THE EIGHT MONTHS ENDED AUGUST 31, 1998 AND 1999 (IN THOUSANDS) EIGHT MONTHS FOR THE YEARS ENDED, ENDED AUGUST 31, --------------------------- ----------------- 1996 1997 1998 1998 1999 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- (UNAUDITED) Revenues Gas sales.................................. $54,877 $52,303 $41,835 $29,879 $25,594 Oil sales.................................. 677 531 242 157 230 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total.............................. 55,554 52,834 42,077 30,036 25,824 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Direct Operating Expenses Production and property taxes.............. 5,179 4,872 3,809 2,713 2,338 Production expenses........................ 6,300 5,106 3,603 2,401 2,401 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total.............................. 11,479 9,978 7,412 5,114 4,739 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Excess of Revenues over Direct Operating Expenses................................ $44,075 $42,856 $34,665 $24,922 $21,085 ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= See accompanying Notes to Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses. F-3 82 UNDERLYING PROPERTIES NOTES TO STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES 1. UNDERLYING PROPERTIES The underlying properties (the "Underlying Properties") are predominantly working interests in producing properties currently owned by Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. (the "Company") in the Appalachian Basin in the states of West Virginia and Kentucky. Effective September 1, 1999, the Company will convey an 80% net profits interests in 2,471 producing wells in Kentucky and West Virginia and a 10% net profits interest in certain undeveloped properties in Kentucky and West Virginia (together, the "Net Profits Interests") to the Appalachian Natural Gas Trust (the "Trust"), formerly the Appalachian Basin Royalty Trust, excluding certain specified interests. Estimated proved reserves attributable to the Underlying Properties are approximately 1% oil and 99% natural gas, based on discounted present value of estimated future net revenues as of August 31, 1999. See Note 6. All of the Underlying Properties were acquired by the Company from 1994 through 1998. Significant property acquisitions were made by the Company during the three-year period presented in the accompanying financial statements. The accompanying statements include the historical revenues and direct operating expenses from these acquired properties for all years presented. 2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION The statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of the Underlying Properties were derived from the historical accounting records of the Company (and prior owners for acquisitions occurring during the three-year period presented), and are presented on the accrual basis of accounting before the effects of conveyance of the Net Profits Interests. The point of sale for revenue recognition is at the wellhead. Costs to transport and gather natural gas have been deducted from the price paid at the wellhead. As a result, production expenses exclude these costs. The statements do not include depreciation, depletion and amortization, general and administrative or interest expenses. Royalty income of the Trust is determined based on an 80% net profits interest percentage of net proceeds of the underlying wells and a 10% net profits interest percentage of underlying leases. The computation of net profits interest includes deductions for development costs. For the periods presented, development costs (in thousands) were $12,024 in 1996 and $22,445 in 1997, none in 1998 and none for the eight months ended August 31, 1999 since all wells drilled in 1998 through August 31, 1999 have been excluded from the Underlying Properties. In addition, the 1996 and 1997 development costs are only those incurred by Eastern States and exclude development costs of Blazer Energy, Corp., which owned a majority of the Underlying Properties prior to July 1, 1997, the effective acquisition date by Eastern States. Since the Company owns greater than 97% working interest in the properties, it did not charge an overhead fee to the properties in 1996 through 1998, but the trust will be charged an overhead fee in the computation of trust income. Accordingly, royalty income of the Trust will be materially different from the excess of revenues over direct operating expenses from the Underlying Properties. 3. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS The Company sells approximately 68% of its natural gas production from the Underlying Properties to the Company's affiliated marketing company, Statoil Energy Services, Inc., generally at amounts approximating monthly market prices. Sales from the Underlying Properties to the Company's marketing affiliate Statoil Energy Services, Inc. were as follows (in thousands): $7,756, $27,227, $27,966, $19,340, and $18,090 for the years 1996, 1997, 1998 and the eight months ended August 31, 1998 and 1999, respectively. F-4 83 UNDERLYING PROPERTIES NOTES TO STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES -- (CONTINUED) 4. CONTINGENCIES The Company is involved in various legal actions and claims arising in the normal course of business. Based upon its current assessment of the facts and the law, management does not believe that any of these actions or claims are material. However, these actions against the Company are subject to the uncertainties inherent in any litigation. 5. SUBSEQUENT EVENT On October 13, 1999, The Statoil Group -- Norway ("Statoil") announced plans to seek a buyer for its U.S. natural gas and electric power production and marketing unit, Statoil Energy, Inc. ("STEN") in connection with a corporate restructuring process. The Statoil Group has announced its intentions to market STEN as an integrated enterprise consisting of STEN's subsidiaries, including Eastern States, involved in gas production, power production, energy marketing and energy trading. However, the Statoil Group may determine that the sale of individual assets or divisions, including Eastern States, is more appropriate. If such a sale of Statoil Energy or Eastern States occurs, the Company cannot assure that it will not adversely affect Eastern States. 6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) Proved oil and natural gas reserves of the Underlying Properties have been estimated by Ryder Scott Company, L.P., independent petroleum engineers as of August 31, 1999. Reserves for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997 were internally prepared by the Company's petroleum engineers. Since the Company does not have comparable reserve reports for periods prior to December 31, 1997 due to its property acquisitions in 1996 and 1997, such estimates prior to December 31, 1997 have been internally developed by the Company's petroleum engineers by adding back actual production volumes to arrive at estimated reserve balances at December 31, 1995 and 1996. As a result of this method, the following tables reflect no reserve estimate revisions for periods prior to 1998. Drilling activities on these properties during 1996 and 1997 have represented development of these proved reserves. The reserve estimates provided for the Underlying Properties were calculated before the effects of conveying the Net Profits Interests to the Trust. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 69, estimates of future net revenues from proved reserves have been prepared using year-end oil and natural gas prices and current costs to produce and develop the proved reserves, excluding overhead. The standardized measure of future net cash flows from oil and natural gas reserves is calculated based on discounting such future net cash flows at an annual rate of 10%. Year-end oil prices were $22.50 per barrel for 1996, $15.00 per barrel for 1997 and $9.00 per barrel for 1998. As of August 31, 1999, oil prices were $18.75 per barrel. Year-end weighted average natural gas prices were $3.68 per Mcf for 1996, $2.57 per Mcf for 1997 and $2.71 per Mcf for 1998. As of August 31, 1999, the weighted average natural gas price was $2.75 per Mcf. F-5 84 UNDERLYING PROPERTIES NOTES TO STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES -- (CONTINUED) 6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) -- (CONTINUED) PROVED RESERVES GAS (MMCF) OIL (MBBLS) - --------------- ---------- ----------- Balance, December 31, 1995.................................. 666,996 338 Revisions................................................. -- -- Extensions, discoveries and other additions............... 6,094 -- Production................................................ (19,318) (35) Balance, December 31, 1996.................................. 653,772 303 Revisions................................................. -- -- Extensions, discoveries and other additions............... 11,167 -- Production................................................ (19,960) (31) Balance, December 31, 1997.................................. 644,979 272 Revisions................................................. 63,187 20 Extensions, discoveries and other additions............... -- -- Production................................................ (19,040) (20) Balance, December 31, 1998.................................. 689,126 272 Revisions................................................. 88,955 7 Extensions, discoveries and other additions............... -- -- Production................................................ (11,967) (19) Balance, August 31, 1999.................................... 766,114 260 PROVED DEVELOPED RESERVES GAS (MMCF) OIL (MBBLS) ---------- ----------- December 31, 1995........................................... 360,942 338 December 31, 1996........................................... 347,718 303 December 31, 1997........................................... 338,925 272 December 31, 1998........................................... 344,907 272 August 31, 1999............................................. 329,581 260 F-6 85 UNDERLYING PROPERTIES NOTES TO STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES -- (CONTINUED) 6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) -- (CONTINUED) The standardized measure of future net cash flows is not intended to represent the fair value of the Underlying Properties. Numerous uncertainties are inherent in estimating volumes and values of proved reserves and in projecting future production rates and timing of development expenditures. Such reserve estimates are subject to change as additional information becomes available. The reserves actually recovered and the timing of production may be substantially different from the original estimates. Also, because natural gas prices are influenced by seasonal demand, use of year-end prices, as required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, may not be representative in estimating future revenues or reserve data. STANDARDIZED MEASURE OF DISCOUNTED FUTURE NET CASH FLOWS RELATING TO PROVED RESERVES (IN THOUSANDS) YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, EIGHT MONTHS ------------------------------------- ENDED AUGUST 31, 1996 1997 1998 1999 ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- Future cash inflows...................... $ 2,320,789 $1,669,303 $1,874,485 $2,129,626 Future costs: Production............................. (360,827) (313,269) (322,418) (373,705) Development............................ (182,412) (172,966) (189,211) (284,973) ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Future net cash flows.................... 1,777,550 1,183,068 1,362,856 1,470,948 10% discount factor...................... (1,234,237) (821,460) (975,895) (1,103,671) ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows......................... $ 543,313 $ 361,608 $ 386,961 $ 367,277 =========== ========== ========== ========== CHANGES IN STANDARDIZED MEASURE OF DISCOUNTED FUTURE NET CASH FLOWS FROM PROVED RESERVES (IN THOUSANDS) YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, EIGHT MONTHS ------------------------------- ENDED AUGUST 31, 1996 1997 1998 1999 -------- --------- -------- ---------------- Standardized measure, beginning of period..... $367,873 $ 543,313 $361,608 $386,961 Revisions: Prices and costs............................ 157,764 (174,524) 27,273 6,346 Quantity estimates.......................... -- -- 40,544 50,828 Accretion of discount....................... 53,688 54,732 29,835 31,078 Production rates and other.................. (4,978) (35,532) (21,242) 8,912 -------- --------- -------- -------- Net revisions............................ 206,474 (155,324) 76,410 97,164 Extensions, discoveries and other additions... 6,860 7,235 -- -- Production.................................... (44,075) (42,856) (34,665) (21,085) Development costs............................. 6,181 9,240 (16,392) (95,763) -------- --------- -------- -------- Net change............................... 175,440 (181,705) 25,353 (19,684) -------- --------- -------- -------- Standardized measure, end of period........... $543,313 $ 361,608 $386,961 $367,277 ======== ========= ======== ======== F-7 86 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS Board of Directors and Stockholder Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and trust corpus of the Appalachian Natural Gas Trust (formerly the Appalachian Basin Royalty Trust) as of August 19, 1999. This financial statement is the responsibility of the management of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on this financial statement based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the statement referred to above presents fairly, in all material respects, the assets and trust corpus of the Appalachian Natural Gas Trust as of August 19, 1999, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. ERNST & YOUNG LLP Vienna, Virginia August 23, 1999, except for Note 2, as to which the date is October 13, 1999 F-8 87 APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND TRUST CORPUS AS OF AUGUST 19, 1999 Cash........................................................ $1,000 ====== Trust Corpus................................................ $1,000 ====== See Accompanying Notes to Statement of Assets and Trust Corpus. F-9 88 APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST NOTES TO STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND TRUST CORPUS 1. TRUST ORGANIZATION Appalachian Natural Gas Trust, formerly the Appalachian Basin Royalty Trust (the "Trust"), is a grantor trust that was created on August 18, 1999 by Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. (the "Company"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy Holdings, Inc. The Statement of Assets and Trust Corpus reflects the Company's initial cash contribution to the Trust of $1,000. The Trust was formed to hold net profits interests entitling it to 80% of the net proceeds received by the Company from the sale of oil and natural gas from 2,471 producing wells in Kentucky and West Virginia and 10% of the net proceeds received by the Company from the sale of oil and natural gas in certain undeveloped properties in Kentucky and West Virginia (the "Underlying Properties"). These net profits interests will be conveyed to the Trust by the Company upon completion of a successful public offering of beneficial interests ("Units") in the Trust. The Trust will terminate upon the first occurrence of: (a) disposition of all net profits interests pursuant to terms of the Trust Agreement, (b) when net proceeds attributable to the Underlying Properties are less than $3.5 million per year for each of two successive years after the year 2000 in the state of West Virginia or less than $3.5 million per year for each of two successive years after the year 2000 in the state of Kentucky, or (c) a vote of at least 66 2/3% of the Trust Unitholders to terminate the Trust in accordance with provisions of the Trust Agreement. These termination clauses will be finalized upon execution of the Trust Conveyance Agreement. 2. SUBSEQUENT EVENT On October 13, 1999, The Statoil Group -- Norway ("Statoil") announced plans to seek a buyer for its U.S. natural gas and electric power production and marketing unit, Statoil Energy, Inc. ("STEN") in connection with a corporate restructuring process. The Statoil Group has announced its intentions to market STEN as an integrated enterprise consisting of STEN's subsidiaries, including Eastern States, involved in gas production, power production, energy marketing and energy trading. However, the Statoil Group may determine that the sale of individual assets or divisions, including Eastern States, is more appropriate. If such a sale of Statoil Energy or Eastern States occurs, the Company cannot assure that it will not adversely affect Eastern States. F-10 89 APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST UNAUDITED PRO FORMA STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND TRUST CORPUS AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 1999 (IN THOUSANDS) Cash...................................................... $ 1 Oil and Gas Property...................................... 210,000 -------- $210,001 ======== Trust Corpus.............................................. $210,001 ======== NOTE -- BASIS OF PRESENTATION Appalachian Natural Gas Trust (the "Trust"), formerly the Appalachian Basin Royalty Trust, is a grantor trust that was created on August 18, 1999 by Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. (the "Company"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy Holdings, Inc. The Statement of Assets and Trust Corpus reflects the Company's initial cash contribution to the Trust of $1,000. The Trust was formed to hold net profits interests entitling it to 80% of the net proceeds received by the Company from the sale of oil and natural gas from 2,471 producing wells in Kentucky and West Virginia and 10% of the net proceeds received by the Company from the sale of oil and natural gas in certain undeveloped properties in Kentucky and West Virginia (the "Underlying Properties"). These net profits interests will be conveyed to the Trust by the Company upon completion of a successful public offering of beneficial interests ("Units") in the Trust. The pro forma Statement of Assets and Trust Corpus reflects the sale of 10.5 million Units at $20 per Unit, which includes units retained by the Company. F-11 90 APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST UNAUDITED PRO FORMA STATEMENT OF DISTRIBUTABLE CASH FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998 AND FOR THE EIGHT MONTHS ENDED AUGUST 31, 1999 (IN THOUSANDS) EIGHT MONTHS YEAR ENDED ENDED DECEMBER 31, AUGUST 31, 1998 1999 ------------ ---------------- Revenue: Gas sales................................................. $41,835 $25,594 Oil sales................................................. 242 230 ------- ------- Total revenues.................................... 42,077 25,824 ------- ------- Direct Operating Expenses: Taxes on production and property.......................... 3,809 2,338 Production expenses....................................... 3,603 2,401 ------- ------- Total expenses.................................... 7,412 4,739 ------- ------- Excess of Revenues over Direct Operating Expenses........... 34,665 21,085 ------- ------- Pro Forma Adjustments (Note 2): Revenue................................................... (2,439) (1,533) Production expenses....................................... (897) (599) Overhead.................................................. (1,870) (1,250) ------- ------- Total pro forma adjustments....................... (5,206) (3,382) ------- ------- Pro Forma Net Proceeds(1)................................... 29,459 17,703 Net Profits Interests Percentage............................ 80% 80% ------- ------- Trust Cash.................................................. 23,567 14,162 Less Trust General and Administrative Expenses.............. (300) (200) ------- ------- Distributable Cash.......................................... $23,267 $13,962 ======= ======= - --------------- (1) There were no development costs for the period January 1, 1998 through August 31, 1999, since all wells drilled by the Company during that period were excluded from the Underlying Properties. The Company expects to incur development costs averaging approximately $4.4 million per year, net to the Trust, for at least the next five years, which will reduce distributable cash by a corresponding amount per Unit. See Accompanying Notes to Pro Forma Statement of Distributable Cash. F-12 91 APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST NOTES TO PRO FORMA STATEMENT OF DISTRIBUTABLE CASH (UNAUDITED) 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION Appalachian Natural Gas Trust (the "Trust") was created in August 1999 by Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. (the "Company"). The Company will convey certain net profits interests (the "Net Profits Interests") from the Underlying Properties to the Trust in exchange for all of the units of beneficial interest in the Trust. The pro forma statement of distributable cash of the Trust for the year ended December 31, 1998 and eight months ended August 31, 1999 has been prepared from the historical statement of revenues and direct operating expenses of the Underlying Properties, adjusted, and based on the following assumptions: a.The Trust was formed and the Net Profits Interests were conveyed to the Trust prior to January 1, 1998. b.Distributable cash of the trust is calculated based on the gross proceeds from the Underlying Wells. For the period presented there is no pro forma distributable cash attributable to the 10% net profits interest since all wells drilled by Eastern States during this time period are excluded from the Underlying Properties. Net Proceeds is a defined term in the Net Profits Interests conveyances to the Trust. c.Administrative expense is estimated to be $300,000 annually. Such expense generally would include Trustee fees and costs incurred by the Trustee to administer the Trust and report Trust results to Unitholders, including the expense of attorneys, independent auditors, reservoir engineers, printing and mailing. 2. PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS The following pro forma adjustments were made to the historical revenues and direct operating expenses of the Underlying Properties to present Trust pro forma distributable cash for the year ended December 31, 1998 and eight months ending August 31, 1999: a.The Net Profits Interest conveyances to the Trust provide for the Company to receive gathering and compression fees which cover actual costs incurred plus depreciation and to provide a return on invested capital. The adjustment to record depreciation and return on invested capital is reflected as a reduction to revenue in the pro forma statement. b.The conveyances to the Trust will provide for the Company to charge production expenses at fixed rates, subject to adjustment, which exceed actual costs incurred by the Company. Such additional charges are shown as an increase in production expenses in the pro forma statement. c.A Company overhead charge of $1,870,000 and $1,250,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 and eight months ended August 31, 1999, respectively, were deducted. The overhead charge is based on a monthly count of active wells operated by the Company and is specified by the terms of the Net Profits Interests conveyances to the Trust. 3. FEDERAL INCOME TAXES As a grantor trust, the Trust will not be required to pay federal income taxes. Accordingly, the accompanying pro forma statement of distributable income does not include a provision for federal income taxes. F-13 92 APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST NOTES TO PRO FORMA STATEMENT OF DISTRIBUTABLE CASH -- (CONTINUED) (UNAUDITED) 4. CONTINGENCIES The Company is involved in various legal actions and claims arising in the normal course of business. Based upon its current assessment of the facts and the law, management does not believe that the outcome of any such action or claim will have a material adverse effect upon the value of the underlying properties. However, these actions against the Company are subject to the uncertainties inherent in any litigation. 5. PRO FORMA SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION Proved oil and natural gas reserves of the Trust have been estimated as of August 31, 1999 by Ryder Scott Company, L.P., independent petroleum engineers. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 69, estimates of future net revenues from proved reserves have been prepared using year-end oil and natural gas prices and current costs to produce and develop the proved reserves. The standardized measure of future net cash flows from oil and natural gas reserves is calculated based on discounting such future net cash flows at an annual rate of 10%. Crude oil prices were $18.75 per barrel at August 31, 1999. The weighted average spot gas price was $2.61 per Mcf at August 31, 1999. Since the Trust is not subject to taxation at the trust level, no provision is included for federal income taxes. Reserve quantities and revenues for the Net Profits Interests were estimated from projections of reserves and revenues attributable to the Underlying Properties. Since the Trust has a defined Net Profits Interest, the Trust does not own a specific ownership percentage of the oil and natural gas reserves or production quantities. Accordingly, reserves and production allocated to the Trust pertaining to its interests in 80% of the net cash proceeds from the underlying wells and 10% of the net cash proceeds from the undeveloped properties have effectively been reduced to reflect recovery of the Trust's 80% and 10% portion, respectively, of applicable production and development costs, excluding overhead and trust administrative expenses. Because Trust reserve quantities are determined using an allocation formula, any fluctuations in actual or assumed prices or costs will result in revisions to the estimated reserve quantities allocated to the Net Profits Interests. The Net Profits Interests' share of production and development costs have been deducted in calculating distributable cash attributable to the Net Profits Interests. Accordingly, these costs are not shown separately as future costs in calculating the standardized measure. Only production taxes, calculated at the same rate as incurred on the Underlying Properties, is included in future production costs in calculating the standardized measure. The standardized measure of future net cash flows is not intended to represent the fair value of the Trust. Numerous uncertainties are inherent in estimating volumes and values of proved reserves and in projecting future production rates and timing of development expenditures. Such reserve estimates are subject to change as additional information becomes available. The reserves actually recovered and the timing of production may be substantially different from the original estimates. Also, because natural gas prices are influenced by seasonal demand, use of year-end prices, as required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, may not be representative in estimating future revenues or reserve data. NATURAL GAS (MCF) OIL (BBLS) ----------------- ---------- (IN THOUSANDS) PROVED RESERVES Balance, August 31, 1999.................................... 239,101 171 PROVED DEVELOPED RESERVES August 31, 1999............................................. 210,018 171 F-14 93 APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST NOTES TO PRO FORMA STATEMENT OF DISTRIBUTABLE CASH -- CONTINUED (UNAUDITED) 5. PRO FORMA SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION -- (CONTINUED) STANDARDIZED MEASURE OF DISCOUNTED FUTURE NET CASH FLOWS RELATING TO PROVED RESERVES AT AUGUST 31, 1999 (IN THOUSANDS) Future cash inflows......................................... $ 628,249 Future production taxes and development..................... (51,042) --------- Future net cash flows....................................... 577,207 10% discount factor......................................... (376,787) --------- Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows.... $ 200,420 ========= F-15 94 APPENDIX A INFORMATION ABOUT EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. THE TRUST UNITS ARE NOT INTERESTS IN OR OBLIGATIONS OF EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. 95 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. is an independent energy company engaged in the development, production, acquisition, marketing, gathering and transportation of natural gas and oil in the Appalachian Basin. Eastern States is the largest owner of proved natural gas reserves in the Appalachian Basin. Substantially all of our natural gas and oil reserves are located in Kentucky, Ohio and West Virginia. We also have properties in Indiana, Maryland, Michigan and Virginia. Since its inception in 1994, Eastern States has grown through developmental drilling and acquisitions of natural gas and oil producing properties. During this period, we spent approximately $650 million on 16 acquisitions, including the acquisition of Blazer Energy Corp., formerly Ashland Exploration, Inc., in July 1997. The acquisition of Blazer Energy increased our estimated proved reserves in the Appalachian Basin by approximately 769 Bcfe. Eastern States and Blazer have since combined their assets in the Appalachian Basin. For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, Eastern States had total revenue of $18.2 million, $65.4 million and $104.7 million, and for the first six months of 1999, we had total revenues of $57.7 million. For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, Eastern States had net income of $3.9 million, $9.2 million and $8.3 million, and for the first six months of 1999, we had net income of $6.0 million. Eastern States currently owns and operates over 5,700 gross wells in the Appalachian Basin. At December 31, 1998, Eastern States' estimated net proved reserves were 1,062 Bcfe, of which 709 Bcfe, or 67%, were proved developed. The estimated discounted future net cash flows of Eastern States' proved reserves, before United States income taxes, were $675 million as of December 31, 1998. For the six months ended June 30, 1999, total average net sales meter natural gas and oil production was 104 MMcfe per day, of which 98% was natural gas. Eastern States is continually evaluating oil and natural gas properties and other investment opportunities in addition to its development and operation of existing properties, including the underlying properties. Eastern States is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy, Inc. Statoil Energy also: - owns and operates power plants throughout the northeast and the mid-Atlantic region; - is a leading trader of wholesale electricity and natural gas; - specializes in providing a broad range of energy and risk management services involving the delivery of natural gas, electricity and alternative fuels to large industrial, institutional and commercial customers; and - through its indirect wholly owned subsidiary, Eastern States Exploration Company, owns and operates approximately 600 wells in Pennsylvania, with estimated net proved reserves of 39 Bcfe at December 31, 1998 and an average daily net sales meter production of 6 MMcfe for the six months ended June 30, 1999. Eastern States does not own any interest in Eastern States Exploration Company. Statoil Energy is currently an indirect wholly owned U.S. subsidiary of the Norwegian state oil company "den norske stats oljeselskap a.s" which is also known as The Statoil Group. The Statoil Group has substantial ongoing commitments associated with various development projects worldwide and has numerous international investment opportunities competing for limited capital. Based upon those capital commitments, various assets and interests, including Statoil Energy, were evaluated for strategic ranking, possible sale or joint venture. Based upon that evaluation, The Statoil Group concluded that it was unable to continue to fund Statoil Energy's planned increase of the scale of its operations and targeted it for a possible joint venture. A-1 96 The Statoil Group retained an investment banking firm, Credit Suisse First Boston, early in 1999 to implement The Statoil Group's strategy with respect to Statoil Energy. These activities initially focused on a search for a 50% strategic partner to obtain and combine complementary assets and activities to pursue business opportunities in the sector of the U.S. energy market not regulated by the FERC. Based upon the results of its efforts to pursue this joint venture strategy, The Statoil Group and its financial advisor concluded that prospective partners, primarily utility companies, were not interested in sharing the corporate governance and capital requirements of Statoil Energy. As a result, on October 13, 1999 The Statoil Group announced that it plans to sell its equity ownership in Statoil Energy and has initiated discussions with several companies in that regard. None of The Statoil Group, Statoil Energy or Eastern States can provide assurance that such a sale will be made or when such a sale might be concluded. While The Statoil Group is currently exploring the possible sale of Statoil Energy and its subsidiaries, including Eastern States, The Statoil Group may determine that the sale of individual assets or divisions, including Eastern States, is more appropriate. If a sale of Statoil Energy or Eastern States is made, there is no assurance that it would not adversely affect Eastern States. However, any successor to Eastern States would be subject to the obligations of Eastern States under the transfer documents and the Trust Agreement described in the main part of this prospectus. BY PURCHASING TRUST UNITS YOU WILL NOT ACQUIRE AN OWNERSHIP INTEREST IN ANY OF EASTERN STATES, STATOIL ENERGY OR THE STATOIL GROUP. Eastern States is a Delaware corporation. Its principal executive offices are located at 2800 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, Virginia 22314 and the telephone number is (703) 317-2300. RISK FACTORS APPLICABLE TO EASTERN STATES NATURAL GAS PRICE DECLINES AND MARKET VOLATILITY COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR FINANCIAL RESULTS. Even relatively modest changes in natural gas prices may significantly change our revenues, results of operations, cash flows and value of proved reserves. The markets for natural gas have been volatile and are likely to continue to be volatile in the future. Natural gas prices can fluctuate widely in response to relatively minor changes in the supply of and demand for natural gas, market uncertainty and a variety of additional factors that are beyond our control, such as: - weather conditions, primarily in the northeast United States; - the supply and price of domestic and foreign natural gas and oil; - delivery interruptions by upstream pipeline companies; - the level of demand; - worldwide economic and political conditions; - the price and availability of alternative fuels; - environmental regulations; and - worldwide energy conservation measures. Moreover, government regulations, such as regulation of natural gas transportation or price controls, if imposed, could affect product prices in the long term. Natural gas produced in the Appalachian Basin has historically received a premium over natural gas produced in other regions due to the region's close proximity to the markets in the northeast United A-2 97 States. For the period 1991 through 1998, natural gas price indices for Appalachian Basin production have averaged $0.25 per MMbtu more than prices for natural gas contracts traded on the NYMEX for the delivery of natural gas at Henry Hub, Louisiana. During these eight years, the average annual Appalachian Basin premium has ranged from $0.14 per MMbtu to $0.47 per MMbtu. Any material decrease in this average premium could have an adverse impact on the proceeds received from the sale of natural gas by Eastern States. WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO OBTAIN ADEQUATE FINANCING TO EXECUTE OUR OPERATING STRATEGY. Our business is capital intensive and, to maintain our base of proved gas reserves, a significant amount of cash flow from operations must be invested in development activities. We make substantial capital expenditures for the development, acquisition and production of natural gas reserves. Historically, we have financed these expenditures primarily from the following sources: - cash generated by operations; - bank borrowings; and - loans and capital contributions from The Statoil Group. Our management believes that we will have sufficient cash generated from operations to fund planned capital expenditures through at least the year 2000. If our revenues significantly decrease as a result of lower natural gas prices, operating difficulties or declines in reserves, we may not be able to expend the capital necessary to undertake or complete future development programs or acquisition opportunities. Without these timely investments, our gas production and reserves will decline. LEVERAGE MATERIALLY AFFECTS OUR OPERATIONS. Our outstanding indebtedness under the promissory note with Statoil Energy Holdings, Inc., an indirect subsidiary of the Statoil Group, was $505 million at September 30, 1999 and matures on December 31, 2001. Our intercompany indebtedness with affiliates of Statoil Energy at September 30, 1999 was approximately $51 million. Our ability to meet our debt service obligations and reduce our total indebtedness will depend on our future performance. Our future performance, in turn, depends on many factors that are beyond our control such as general economic, financial and business conditions. We cannot assure you that economic conditions and financial, business and other factors will not adversely affect our future performance. ESTIMATES OF NATURAL GAS RESERVES ARE UNCERTAIN. The calculations of proved reserves of natural gas and oil included in this appendix are only estimates. These estimates were prepared by Eastern States and reviewed by Ryder Scott Company, L.P., independent petroleum engineers. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data, engineering and geological interpretation and judgment, and the assumptions used regarding quantities of recoverable natural gas and natural gas prices. Actual prices, production, development expenditures, operating expenses and quantities of recoverable oil and natural gas reserves will vary from those we assume in our estimates, and those variances may be significant. Any significant variance from the assumptions used could result in the actual quantity of our reserves and future net cash flow being materially different from the estimates in our review reports. In addition, results of drilling, testing and production and changes in crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas prices after the date of the estimate may result in substantial upward or downward revisions. A-3 98 WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO REPLACE PRODUCTION WITH NEW RESERVES. Without successful exploration, development or acquisition activities, our reserves and revenues will decline over time. The continuing development of reserves, acquisition activities and, to a lesser extent, exploration, will require significant expenditures. If our cash flow from operations is not sufficient for this purpose, we may not be able to obtain the necessary funds from other sources. WE MAY NOT BE SUCCESSFUL IN DRILLING NEW WELLS. We currently anticipate drilling an average of approximately 200 to 230 new wells per year in Kentucky and West Virginia for at least the next five years. We cannot assure you that any of the new wells will be successful or produce in commercial quantities or that we will be able to drill approximately 200 to 230 new wells per year. FACILITIES MAINTENANCE ON THIRD PARTY PIPELINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS COULD CREATE INTERRUPTIONS IN THE DELIVERY OF NATURAL GAS WE PRODUCE. We depend on the availability of third party pipeline delivery systems to transport over 90% of our natural gas. Any interruptions in the availability of these systems due to facilities maintenance requirements or other extraordinary events could inhibit our ability to sell our natural gas. For example, Columbia Transmission Corp. has shut down one of its pipelines in Kentucky from September 27, 1999 to November 15, 1999 for replacement of a portion of its pipeline system. This temporary shut-down will delay the delivery and sale of approximately 30% of Eastern States' natural gas production in Kentucky. WE MAY NOT INSURE AGAINST ALL HAZARD LOSSES. We insure against some, but not all, of the hazards associated with the natural gas industry. For example, we are not insured against the following hazards: - fines and penalties; - pollution events occurring prior to Eastern States' acquisition date; - professional errors and omissions of engineers, geologists and surveyors; - loss or unrecoverability of oil and natural gas reserves; - loss of downhole equipment; - loss of income due to third party failure to provide equipment or materials; and - war and associated events of civil unrest. As a result, we may be exposed to liability or losses that could be substantial due to events that we do not insure. HEDGING TRANSACTIONS MAY LIMIT OUR POTENTIAL GAINS. In order to manage our exposure to price risks in the marketing of our gas, we enter into hedging arrangements relating to a portion of our expected production. In the past, these hedges have involved a number of arrangements at a variety of fixed prices and other provisions, including price floors and ceilings. In the future, we may enter into natural gas futures contracts, options, collars and swaps. Our hedging activities are subject to a number of risks, including instances in which: - production is less than expected; - there is a widening of price differentials between delivery points required by fixed price delivery contracts to the extent they differ from those on our production; or - counterparties to our futures contract are unable to meet the financial terms of the transaction. While hedging arrangements limit the risk of declines in natural gas prices, they may also limit the extent to which we benefit from increases in the price of natural gas. A-4 99 WE MAY INCUR SUBSTANTIAL COSTS TO COMPLY WITH ENVIRONMENTAL AND OTHER GOVERNMENTAL REGULATIONS. Environmental and other governmental regulations have increased the costs to plan, design, drill, install, operate and abandon oil and natural gas wells and other facilities. Increasingly strict environmental laws, regulations and enforcement policies thereunder, and claims for damages to property, employees, other persons and the environment resulting from our operations, could result in substantial costs and liabilities in the future. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS This appendix contains forward-looking statements relating to Eastern States' operations and the oil and gas industry. Such forward-looking statements are based on management's current projections and estimates and are identified by words such as "expects," "intends," "plans," "projects," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates" and similar words. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are: - natural gas and oil price fluctuations; - the availability of funds for our future development programs and acquisitions; - the results of our development program; - potential delays or failure to achieve expected production from existing and future exploitation and development projects; - potential disruption of operations because of our failure or the failure of others with whom we have material relationships to achieve timely Year 2000 compliance; and - potential liability resulting from pending or future litigation. In addition, these forward-looking statements may be affected by general domestic and international economic and political conditions. BUSINESS AND PROPERTIES HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF OUR BUSINESS Eastern States was organized in April 1994 to engage in the acquisition, exploration and development of natural gas, oil and other mineral interests. Eastern States has developed a significant reserve base, primarily through: - acquisitions of proved natural gas and oil reserves and undeveloped leaseholds; - strategic acquisitions of other companies engaged in the development and production of natural gas and oil; and A-5 100 - development and exploitation of these leaseholds and acquired properties through drilling, recompletions of existing wells and construction of pipelines and compression projects. Our estimated net proved reserves increased from 38 Bcfe at December 31, 1994 to 1,062 Bcfe at December 31, 1998. Our average daily production increased from 2 MMcfe per day at December 31, 1994 to over 100 MMcfe per day at December 31, 1998. Our acquisitions have added a total of approximately 900 Bcfe to our reserve base. Additionally, we have expended a total of $81 million to drill 418 net wells during the last five years, developing approximately 114 Bcfe of net proved developed reserves. Approximately 97% of our wells drilled during this five-year period were completed as producing wells. The direct finding costs for our drilling program averaged $0.71 per Mcfe during the same period. Acquisitions. Since our formation, we have made a series of acquisitions of natural gas and oil producing properties, including the following: - In August 1994, we acquired natural gas and oil properties, including gathering lines, in West Virginia and Kentucky from Southeastern Gas Company for approximately $17 million in cash. - In April 1996, we acquired natural gas and oil properties, including gathering lines, in West Virginia from CNG Transmission Company for approximately $16 million in cash. - In May 1996, we acquired natural gas and oil properties, including gathering lines, in Ohio from General Motors Corporation for approximately $34 million in cash. - In July 1997, we acquired Blazer Energy for approximately $567 million in cash. Immediately thereafter, we sold Blazer Energy's Gulf of Mexico properties to our affiliate Statoil Exploration U.S., Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of The Statoil Group, for approximately $82 million. In 1998, we sold a portion of Blazer Energy's proved developed reserves, along with undeveloped acreage, located outside the Appalachian Basin to Whiting Petroleum Corporation and BWAB Incorporated for approximately $24 million. Appalachian Natural Gas Trust. In August 1999, Eastern States formed the Appalachian Natural Gas Trust, which will hold net profits interests in the Appalachian Basin area of Kentucky and West Virginia. The net profits interests will entitle the trust to receive: - 80% of the net proceeds received by Eastern States from the sale of natural gas from 2,471 producing wells owned by Eastern States in Kentucky and West Virginia; and - 10% of the net proceeds received by Eastern States from the sale of natural gas from all wells drilled after September 1, 1999 in the leases in Kentucky and West Virginia that are subject to the net profits interests. The net profits interests to be contributed to the trust contain approximately 240 Bcfe of proved reserves. Eastern States will receive all of the net cash proceeds from the sale of trust units in an underwritten public offering, which proceeds are currently estimated to be approximately $146.5 million before expenses of the offering, assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. We intend to use the net proceeds of the offering to repay a portion of the existing indebtedness to Statoil Energy Holdings. OUR BUSINESS STRATEGY Our business strategy is to increase cash flow by increasing both our reserves and production through: - the development and exploitation of existing properties; and - the selective acquisition of additional properties with development and exploitation potential. A-6 101 Enhancing Our Appalachian Basin Position We are continuing to develop our large leasehold position in the Appalachian Basin, where we own approximately 1.4 million gross acres and 1,158 proved undeveloped drilling locations at December 31, 1998. We currently expect to drill 200 to 230 wells per year for at least the next five years, which is expected to require approximately $44 million to $50 million per year in capital spending. Our level of capital expenditures may vary in the future depending on a number of factors, including energy market conditions, availability and reliability of supplies of goods and services and costs in comparison to expected rates of return. Pursuing Growth Through Targeted Acquisitions We are continually evaluating opportunities to acquire producing and undeveloped properties that possess, among others, one or more of the following characteristics: - close proximity to our existing operations; - potential opportunities to increase reserves through production enhancement of existing reserves and the discovery of reserves on undeveloped properties; and - potential opportunities to reduce production expenses through more efficient operations. Our multi-disciplined due diligence teams have evaluated approximately 100 acquisition opportunities during the past five years. These same teams have also been directly involved in the assimilation, exploration and development of acquired properties. We believe this continuity and focus as well as our established operating presence will enhance our competitive ability to complete future acquisitions. PROPERTIES AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES At December 31, 1998, we estimated our total estimated net proved reserves at 1,062 Bcfe. Estimated net proved developed reserves were 709 Bcfe, representing 67% of our total net proved reserves. Except for one producing well located in the Michigan Basin, all of our estimated net proved reserves are located in the Appalachian Basin. All information in this appendix relating to estimated natural gas and oil reserves and the estimated future net cash flows before taxes attributable to those reserves is based on estimates prepared by us that have been reviewed by Ryder Scott Company, L.P., independent petroleum engineers. Under a review report, the independent petroleum engineers review estimates prepared by a company's engineering staff. The following table summarizes our estimated net proved reserves as of December 31, 1998, in each state in which we own proved reserves, based on the standardized measure before United States income taxes as of December 31, 1998. The standardized measure does not include the value of Section 29 tax credits attributable to Devonian Shale and tight sands natural gas properties and future plugging and abandonment liabilities. See "-- Section 29 Tax Credits." DECEMBER 31, 1998 PROVED RESERVES ------------------------------------------------------------------ NATURAL % OF TOTAL GAS TOTAL STANDARDIZED STANDARDIZED STATE (MMCF) OIL (MBBLS) (MMCFE) MEASURE MEASURE - ----- --------- ----------- --------- ------------- ------------ (IN MILLIONS) West Virginia.................... 583,037 345 585,112 $364 54% Kentucky......................... 394,812 62 395,184 258 38% Ohio............................. 57,933 1,585 67,440 41 6% Other including proved reserves located in Maryland, Michigan and Virginia................... 13,932 12 14,002 12 2% --------- ----- --------- ---- --- Total.................. 1,049,714 2,004 1,061,738 $675 100% A-7 102 At December 31, 1998, we had identified 1,158 additional proved undeveloped drilling locations, many of which will be drilled as part of our planned drilling programs over the next five years. For the period January 1, 1998 to June 30, 1999, approximately 40% of all wells drilled by Eastern States were on locations classified as unproved at the time of drilling. Our total net gas production from the Appalachian Basin in 1998 averaged approximately 100 MMcf per day, with minimal associated oil or water production. We have an average working interest of approximately 94% in our wells in the Appalachian region, which represents an approximately 84% average net revenue interest. Natural gas produced in the Appalachian Basin has historically received a premium over natural gas produced in other regions due to the region's close proximity to the major gas consuming markets in the northeastern United States. For the period 1991 through 1998, wellhead natural gas prices in the Appalachian Basin have averaged on an annual basis $0.25 per MMbtu more than the Henry Hub and NYMEX wellhead natural gas prices. During these eight years, the average annual Appalachian Basin premium has ranged from $0.14 per MMbtu to $0.47 per MMbtu. In addition, natural gas produced by Eastern States also typically receives an "energy content" premium since it contains an average of 1,116 Btu per cubic foot as compared to NYMEX prices which are quoted based on 1,000 Btu per cubic foot. The Appalachian Basin premium is typically lower during warmer-than-normal winters, such as the previous two winters. Eastern States will transfer to the trust, effective as of September 1, 1999: - an 80% net profits interest in 2,471 producing natural gas wells in Kentucky and West Virginia; and - a 10% net profits interest in substantially all of its current oil and gas leasehold interests in Kentucky and West Virginia. Eastern States will retain the following: - rights to the Rome exploration area in Kentucky and West Virginia; - leases farmed out to third parties; - leases with known transfer or title issues, including all potential coalbed methane exploration and development rights; - Section 29 credit wells; - wells drilled during the 20 months ended August 31, 1999; - wells with title issues; - wells with high operating costs; - marginal producing wells; and - wells in which Eastern States is not the operator. The Appalachian Basin is the oldest and geographically one of the largest natural gas producing regions in the United States. As of June 30, we operated over 5,700 gross, or 5,400 net, wells, 3,500 miles of gathering pipelines and 104 compressor stations in 47 counties in five states in the region. Our wells in the Appalachian Basin produce from geologic formations that are Pennsylvanian to Cambrian in age. Our wells range from 1,000 to 8,000 feet, with an average depth of approximately 5,000 feet. Individual wells often have economic lives of up to 50 years. The costs to develop Appalachian Basin reserves are low compared to other regions of the United States because of the relatively shallow reservoir depths and the low incidence of dry holes. Over the past five calendar years, we have drilled 418 net wells in the Appalachian region, with a 97% completion rate. Our wells in the Appalachian Basin are characterized by a relatively high reserve-to-production ratio of over 27 years and a low natural production decline rate averaging 7% to 8% for the first five years. Reserves in the Appalachian Basin have a high degree of development success, that is, as development A-8 103 progresses reserves are reclassified from the unproved to the proved category and additional layers of offset reserves are added as proved undeveloped reserves. We believe that we realize operational efficiencies and therefore are able to maximize the return on our investment in the Appalachian Basin because of: - our large acreage position; - our substantial ongoing development program conducted over a number of years and the experience and expertise gained from these activities; and - our extensive gas gathering system. Our Appalachian gas gathering system is interconnected with various intrastate and interstate transmission lines that allow access to both local and major markets in the northeastern United States. Some of our Appalachian natural gas production is connected directly to end users through our pipelines. We have acquired and are continuing to seek acquisitions of gathering facilities from transmission companies to allow for direct connection to transmission pipelines. Our gas gathering system is also used to carry third party natural gas to market through purchase/resale or transport arrangements. The principal Appalachian Basin properties are as follows: Pikeville Area, Kentucky The Pikeville Area includes approximately 37% of Eastern States' total net proved reserves. Eastern States' interests in this area are concentrated in Pike, Knott, Floyd, Breathitt, Morgan, Elliott and Carter counties, Kentucky on approximately 352,000 gross acres, which includes the Rome area. We produce natural gas predominantly from the Maxton, Big Lime and Berea and Devonian Shale formations at depths ranging from 1,000 to 8,000 feet. Sales meter production attributable to Eastern States' net interest averaged 32 MMcfe per day during the first two quarters of 1999. Eastern States drilled 46 gross development wells and three gross exploratory wells in this area during fiscal 1998 with 45 of the development wells and one of the exploratory wells currently producing at a combined rate of approximately 4.0 MMcf per day. In the six month period ended June 30, 1999, Eastern States drilled and completed 24 wells. We had 461 proved undeveloped locations identified for drilling as of December 31, 1998. Brenton Area, West Virginia The Brenton Area includes approximately 30% of Eastern States' total net proved reserves. Eastern States' interests are located mainly in Logan, Mingo, McDowell and Wyoming counties in southern West Virginia on approximately 397,000 gross acres. We produce natural gas predominantly from the Ravencliff, Maxton, Big Lime and Berea and Devonian Shale formations at depths ranging from 2,000 to 7,000 feet. Sales meter production attributable to Eastern States' net interest averaged 28 MMcfe per day for the first two quarters of 1999. Eastern States drilled and completed 57 gross wells in the area during 1998, which are currently producing at a combined rate of approximately 6.5 MMcf per day. In the six month period ended June 30, 1999, Eastern States drilled and completed 18 wells. We had 429 proved undeveloped locations identified for drilling as of December 31, 1998. Madison Area, Eastern West Virginia The Madison Area includes approximately 17% of Eastern States' total net proved reserves. Eastern States' interests are located in Lincoln, Kanawha, Boone, Raleigh, Fayette, Nicholas and Clay counties in South-Central West Virginia on approximately 374,000 gross acres. We produce natural gas predominantly from the Maxton, Big Lime, Big Injun, Weir, Berea and Devonian Shale formations at depths ranging from 1,700 to 6,000 feet. Sales meter production attributable to Eastern States' net interest averaged 18 MMcfe per day for the first two quarters of 1999. Eastern States drilled and completed 50 gross wells during 1998, all of which are currently producing at a combined rate of approximately 4.3 MMcf per day. In the six month period ended June 30, 1999, Eastern States drilled and completed 21 wells. We had 208 proved undeveloped locations identified for drilling as of December 31, 1998. A-9 104 Weston Area, West Virginia The Weston Area includes approximately 9% of Eastern States' total net proved reserves. Eastern States' interests are located largely in Jackson, Gilmer, Doddridge, Roane, Calhoun, Harrison and Wetzel counties in northern West Virginia on approximately 192,000 gross acres. We produce natural gas from Upper Devonian sandstone formations at depths ranging from 1,800 to 5,000 feet. Sales meter production attributable to our net interest averaged 15 MMcfe per day for the first two quarters of 1999. We drilled and completed 11 gross wells during 1998, all of which are producing at a combined rate of approximately 0.8 MMcf per day. We had 20 proved undeveloped locations identified for drilling as of December 31, 1998. Noble/Cambridge Area, Ohio The Noble/Cambridge Area includes approximately 6% of Eastern States' total net proved reserves. Eastern States' interests are located largely in Trumbull, Mahoning, Portage, Coshocton, Licking, Noble and Monroe counties in eastern Ohio on approximately 87,000 gross acres. We produce natural gas predominately from the Silurian Clinton sandstone at depths ranging from 3,500 to 6,000 feet. Additionally, natural gas and minor amounts of oil are produced from the Cambro-Ordovician Knox Group at depths approximating 7,000 feet, and Mississippian and Devonian sandstones at depths of 2,000 to 3,000 feet. Sales meter production attributable to our net interest averaged 10 MMcfe per day for the first two quarters of 1999. Eastern States drilled and completed 11 gross wells during 1998. Of these, nine gross wells are producing at a combined rate of approximately 0.4 MMcfe per day. We had 40 proved undeveloped locations identified for drilling as of December 31, 1998. Additional Properties Eastern States also owns additional producing properties in the Appalachian Basin and Michigan Basin, accounting for the remaining 1% of net proved reserves. Eastern States owns approximately 151,000 gross acres in the Illinois Basin, approximately 5,000 gross acres in the Michigan Basin, and approximately an additional 7,000 gross acres outside the Appalachian, Michigan and Illinois Basins. DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES Our development activities involve technical, economic, land, and field investigations that result in the drilling of new wells, recompleting or deepening existing wells and optimizing production systems. We pursue opportunities which cost effectively maximize production from our properties. A team composed of geologists, reservoir and production engineers, landmen, and drilling supervisors identify these opportunities through their integrated efforts. The teams also look for opportunities to farm-in or acquire additional acreage and wells that enhance their area's performance. Certain properties we deem uneconomic or non-strategic are farmed-out for exploitation by third parties. Development drilling accounts for approximately 95% of our drilling capital expenditures. The remaining amount is used to conduct drilling within our exploration project areas. Our experienced geoscience staff of six professionals coordinate our exploration efforts in the Appalachian Basin with additional support provided by consultants. Currently, our primary exploration targets are: - Cambrian Rome sandstones of northeastern Kentucky; - Knox carbonates and sandstones of eastern Ohio; and - Devonian and Silurian horizons coincident with our southern West Virginia acreage which can be tested by extending the drill depth of our shallower development wells in this area by 200 to 1,000 feet. A-10 105 RESERVES We operate producing properties primarily in West Virginia, Kentucky and Ohio in the Appalachian Basin. We also own smaller producing properties in Virginia, Michigan and Maryland. The following table shows quantities of our net proved natural gas and oil reserves and cash flows at December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998. The estimated future net cash flows and the present value of estimated future net cash flows, discounted at 10%, presented below include the value of Section 29 tax credits and future plugging and abandonment liabilities. AS OF DECEMBER 31, ---------------------------------- 1996 1997 1998 -------- ---------- ---------- (IN THOUSANDS) Proved developed: Natural gas (MMcf).............................. 123,518 701,726 697,474 Oil (MBbls)..................................... 1,038 2,323 1,972 Proved undeveloped: Natural gas (MMcf).............................. 46,404 309,567 352,240 Oil (MBbls)..................................... 87 14 32 Total proved: Natural gas (MMcf).............................. 169,922 1,011,293 1,049,714 Oil (MBbls)..................................... 1,125 2,337 2,004 Estimated future net cash flows: Before income tax............................... $495,748 $1,940,860 $2,157,655 After income tax................................ 340,150 1,393,163 1,524,826 Present value of estimated future net cash flows, discounted at 10%: Before income tax............................... $192,584 $ 680,432 $ 700,196 After income tax................................ 136,175 519,709 538,401 Ryder Scott Company, L.P. reviewed the estimates prepared by Eastern States of Eastern States' proved reserves and the future net cash flow and present value of cash flow attributable to proved reserves at December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998. As prescribed by the SEC, proved reserves were estimated using natural gas and oil prices and production and development costs as of December 31 of each year, without escalation. The proved natural gas and oil reserves represent estimated quantities of natural gas, oil and natural gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. The proved reserves are further classified as developed and undeveloped. The reserves described below and the related standardized measures of discounted net cash flows are estimated only and do not purport to reflect realizable values or fair market values of Eastern States' reserves. Reserve estimates are inherently imprecise. Substantial revisions to existing reserve estimates occur periodically due to additional production history from each well, current-year drilling activity and other new geologic or reserve characteristic information that may be discovered each year. The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows, which are discounted at 10%, relating to proved natural gas and oil reserves is prescribed by SFAS Statement No. 69, "Disclosures About Oil and Gas Producing Activities." The statement requires measurement of future net cash flows through assignment of a monetary value to proved reserve quantities and changes therein using a standardized formula. The amounts shown above were developed as follows: 1. An estimate was made of the quantity of proved reserves and the future periods in which they are expected to be produced based on year-end economic conditions. 2. Year-end prices in effect for each respective year were applied to the estimated quantities of year-end reserves. Prices remained constant, except in instances where fixed and determinable gas price A-11 106 escalations are provided by contracts. The average prices used at December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 were $3.68, $2.57, and $2.71 per Mcf of natural gas and $22.50, $15.00, and $9.00 per barrel of oil, respectively. For the month of September 1999, the prevailing price of natural gas in the Appalachian Basin for Columbia Gas Transmission, as reported by Inside FERC, was $3.03 per MMbtu. During 1999, Eastern States filed estimates of operated oil and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 1998 with the U.S. Department of Energy on Form EIA-23. These estimates are consistent with the reserves reported in this appendix as of December 31, 1998. Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows from Proved Reserves The following table provides, at December 31, 1998, the summary calculation of the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows attributable to our estimated net proved reserves at that date. These estimates, which we prepared, have been reviewed by Ryder Scott Company L.P. Dollar amounts are presented in millions. Natural gas and oil prices used in calculating estimated values at December 31, 1998 were $2.71 per Mcf and $9.00 per Bbl of oil. For the month of September 1999, the published price for natural gas in the Appalachian Basin for Columbia Gas Transmission, as reported by Inside FERC, was $3.03 per MMBtu. The posted price for Appalachian Basin oil at September 30, 1999, was $21.25 per Bbl. Future gross revenues...................................... $2,902 Future production costs.................................. (549) Future development costs................................. (195) ------ Total future costs......................................... (744) ------ Future net revenues before future income taxes............. 2,158 Discount at 10% per annum.................................. (1,458) ------ Standardized measure before future income taxes............ 700 Discounted future income taxes............................. (162) ------ Standardized measure after future income taxes............. $ 538 ====== Future income taxes before discount were $633 million. In computing this data, we used assumptions and estimates. We cannot assure you that these assumptions and estimates will be indicative of future economic conditions. We determined the future net revenues by using estimated quantities of proved reserves and the periods in which they are expected to be developed and produced based on December 31, 1998 economic conditions. The estimated future production is priced as of December 31, 1998, except where fixed and determinable price escalations are provided by contract. The resulting estimated future gross revenues are reduced by estimated future costs to develop and produce the proved reserves based on December 31, 1998 costs levels, but not for debt service, general and administrative expenses and income taxes. Prices for natural gas and oil are subject to substantial fluctuations as a result of numerous factors. You should not construe the standardized measure as the current market value of estimated natural gas and oil reserves. For additional information concerning the discounted future net cash flows to be derived from these reserves and the disclosure of the standardized measure information in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 69, you should review Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements beginning on page AF-15 of this appendix. Based upon the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 1998, and excluding the effect of our hedging program, a change of $0.10 per Mcf in the average price of natural gas throughout such period would result in corresponding changes in operating and net income of $3.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively. A-12 107 ACREAGE AND PRODUCTIVE WELLS The following table shows the approximate amount of our developed and undeveloped acreage at December 31, 1998. Approximately 95% of our acreage is held by production. Acres are presented in thousands. DEVELOPED ACRES UNDEVELOPED ACRES TOTAL ACRES ----------- ----------------- --------------- GROSS NET GROSS NET GROSS NET ----- --- ------ ------ ----- ----- Appalachian Basin...................... 332 298 1,073 966 1,405 1,264 Other.................................. 11 7 152 125 163 132 --- --- ----- ----- ----- ----- Total........................ 343 305 1,225 1,091 1,568 1,396 === === ===== ===== ===== ===== The following table shows at December 31, 1998 the number of producing wells in which we own an interest and includes approximately 1,500 wells associated with Section 29 tax credit monetization: TOTAL PRODUCING WELLS ---------------------- GROSS NET ----- --- Natural Gas...................................... 5,732 5,388 Oil.............................................. 4 4 ----- ----- Total.................................. 5,736 5,392 ===== ===== DRILLING ACTIVITIES During the periods indicated, we drilled or participated in the drilling of the following exploratory and development wells. YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, SIX MONTHS ENDED -------------------------------------------- JUNE 30, 1996 1997 1998 1999 ------------ ------------- ------------- ----------------- GROSS NET GROSS NET GROSS NET GROSS NET ----- --- ----- --- ----- --- ----- --- Exploratory wells: Productive.................... 5.0 3.0 4.0 2.3 3.0 2.4 2.0 2.0 Nonproductive................. 0 0 4.0 2.2 4.0 3.5 1.0 0.5 Development wells: Productive.................... 73.0 71.5 116.0 113.0 171.0 168.1 59.0 58.5 Nonproductive................. 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0 0 ----- ---- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ---- Total................. 79.0 75.5 125.0 118.5 179.0 174.5 62.0 61.0 As of July 31, 1999, we were drilling nine wells in the Appalachian Basin. NET PRODUCTION, UNIT PRICES AND COSTS Our lease operating expenses, including both well tending and gathering and compression costs, averaged $0.41 per Mcfe for the year ended December 31, 1998 and $0.40 per Mcfe for the six months ended June 30, 1999. Over the past three fiscal years we have reduced our drilling cost per well in the region by approximately 10%. A-13 108 The following table provides information with respect to our net production and average unit prices and costs for the periods indicated. Since natural gas represents over 98% of our production, this information is presented in Bcfe or Mcfe: SIX MONTHS ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, JUNE 30, ------------------------ ---------------- 1996 1997 1998 1998 1999 ------ ------ ------ ----- ----- Production (wellhead): Gas Equivalents (Bcfe)..................... 6.6 24.7 38.7 19.5 20.0 Average sales price (hedged): Gas Equivalents ($/Mcfe)................... $2.76 $2.62 $2.46 $2.57 $2.66 Average sales price (unhedged): Gas Equivalents ($/Mcfe)................... $2.94 $2.80 $2.28 $2.41 $2.26 Average lease operating expenses ($/Mcfe).... $0.40 $0.55 $0.41 $0.41 $0.40 MARKETING AND CONTRACTS General. The close proximity of Appalachian production to a substantial number of industrial and commercial end users in the northeastern United States has traditionally provided producers a premium to Henry Hub, Louisiana prices. This premium has averaged $0.26 per MMBtu over the past three calendar years. For the period 1991 through 1998, wellhead natural gas prices in the Appalachian Basin have averaged on an annual basis $0.25 per MMbtu more than Henry Hub and NYMEX wellhead natural gas prices. During these eight years, the Appalachian Basin annual premium has ranged from $0.14 per MMbtu to $0.47 per MMbtu over NYMEX prices. In addition to its location premium, our Appalachian Basin gas production has a higher Btu, or energy, content than natural gas produced in many other areas of the United States, which also results in premium pricing since index prices are typically based on an energy content of 1,000 Btu per cubic foot. We balance our spot and term natural gas sales to end-users and local distribution companies and utilize multiple pricing structures. Eastern States currently has two significant market-based contracts, one with affiliates of CNG Transmission Corp. and the other with its own affiliate, Statoil Energy Services, Inc. Each of these contracts expires in October 2000. In 1998, over 80% of the natural gas produced by Eastern States was sold under these contracts, with 59% sold to Statoil Energy Services and 23% sold to CNG. During the six months ended June 30, 1999, 60% of our natural gas was sold to Statoil Energy Services and 30% to CNG. Eastern States believes that it will be able to sell its natural gas under comparable terms should these contracts not be renewed. Substantially all of our remaining natural gas is sold pursuant to multi-month and/or one-year term agreements. CNG. Under the CNG contract, affiliates of CNG purchase natural gas from Eastern States based on the terms contained in confirmations which the parties enter into from time to time. The CNG confirmations set forth the following: - quantity; - price; - delivery point; and - effective period of the confirmation. The price under the CNG contracts has historically been based on the published price of Inside FERC-Appalachian Basin for CNG, plus a premium based on the higher Btu content, less applicable gathering, compression and processing fees. The price for the natural gas is inclusive of all taxes levied on production or transportation of the natural gas up to the delivery point. Payment from the CNG affiliates are due by the 55th day following delivery. A-14 109 Each CNG confirmation sets forth the quantity of natural gas to be delivered by Eastern States to the delivery point. The delivery point is, in general, the point of the interconnection of Eastern States' gathering facilities with the metering facilities of CNG's pipeline system. Eastern States is responsible for delivery of natural gas to the delivery point. Title and risk of loss to the natural gas pass to the CNG affiliate at the designated delivery point. Each CNG confirmation sets forth the period of time that the terms of the confirmation are effective. The effective period of a confirmation with the CNG affiliates has typically been for 12 months. Statoil Energy Services. The contract with Statoil Energy Services is also based on the terms contained in confirmations similar to the CNG confirmations which the parties enter into from time to time. The price under the Statoil Energy Services contract has historically been based on the published price of Inside FERC -- Appalachian Basin for Columbia Gas Transmission Corp. for natural gas delivered into Columbia Gas Transmission's pipeline system, plus a premium based on the higher Btu content, less applicable gathering, compression and processing fees. Eastern States is responsible for all taxes attributable to the natural gas before the delivery point. Statoil Energy Services is responsible for all taxes attributable to the natural gas after the delivery point. Payment from Statoil Energy Services is due by the 55th day following delivery. Each confirmation with Statoil Energy Services sets forth the quantity of natural gas to be delivered by Eastern States to the delivery point. Title and risk of loss pass to Statoil Energy Services at the delivery point. Each confirmation also sets forth the period of time that the terms of the confirmation are effective. The effective period of a confirmation with Statoil Energy Services has historically been for 12 months. Third Party Services. Our 3,500 miles of Appalachian Basin gathering lines provide us with the opportunity to purchase or transport third party gas supplies for delivery into major interstate pipelines. We generally make these purchases along our gathering pipeline systems, but also make purchases off-system. Frequently, we market gas for joint venture partners. Our gathering systems have enabled us to generate gross margins approximating $0.25 per MMBtu over the past three years on third party volumes. Providing gathering services to third parties allows Eastern States to obtain reimbursement for compressor fuel and line loss amounts. Domestic Customers. We also serve domestic customers at rates established by state regulatory authorities. Revenues from these sales represent less than 1% of total revenues. Hedging and Risk Management. We utilize forward sales of our production in order to lock-in prices that we determine to be attractive and to achieve a certain return on investment. In fiscal years 1996, 1997 and 1998, we hedged approximately 70%, 70% and 60%, respectively, of our natural gas production. This strategy has been successful in achieving our income goals. However, it has limited our potential gains from increases in market prices. At June 30, 1999, we had the following open natural gas hedges: MMBTU PER DAY DATE AVERAGE NYMEX PRICE PER MCF - ------------- ---- --------------------------- 105 July 1999 to December 1999 $ 2.24 80 Year 2000 2.36 20 Year 2001 2.36 10 Years 2002 to 2008 2.35 to 2.45 30 April to October in years 2000 to 2003 2.10 to 2.30 In addition to our natural gas hedges, we have hedged a small amount of our oil production and Appalachian Basin premium. We plan to continue to hedge our natural gas production, which will exclude the production attributable to the trust in the future in order to reduce our exposure to significant declines in the market price to ensure minimum levels of cash flow from our sales of oil and gas. At the time we divest of any of our oil and gas properties, including the sale of oil and gas properties to the trust as A-15 110 contemplated herein, we would close out our hedging positions and include the gain or loss, resulting from the hedges as a part of the property sale for financial reporting purposes. At no time does the Company enter into speculative positions. SECTION 29 TAX CREDITS The Crude Oil Windfall Profits Tax Act of 1980 amended the Internal Revenue Code to provide an incentive for natural gas production from unconventional sources such as the Devonian Shale and tight sandstone formations of the Appalachian Basin. Under Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code, an owner of an economic interest in natural gas production can qualify for income tax credits on qualified production that is produced through December 31, 2002. As part of our acquisition of Blazer Energy, we acquired Blazer Energy's working interests in approximately 1,450 gross wells that qualified for Section 29 tax credits under the Internal Revenue Code. In December 1997, we transferred substantially all the wells that qualified for Section 29 tax credits to our subsidiary Eastern Seven, LLC. Eastern Seven then entered into an agreement under which it monetized the value of its future Section 29 tax credits. Under the terms of the agreement, Eastern Seven transferred title to these wells to a trust, but retained a production payment and a note that entitle Eastern Seven to all of the cash flow from the properties until approximately 95% of the pre-tax net present value of the presently projected future production from the properties has been received, which is expected to occur in the year 2018. In addition to the note and production payment, Eastern Seven received a fixed cash payment of $7.9 million at closing and will receive quarterly payments through 2002 equal to a specified percentage of the Section 29 tax credits generated from the properties. These quarterly payments are expected to decline from approximately $2.3 million per quarter in 1998 to approximately $1.9 million per quarter in 2002. In April 1999, we conveyed approximately 100 wells qualifying for Section 29 tax credits to Eastern Seven, LLC. Eastern Seven then entered into a monetization agreement under similar terms and received a fixed cash payment of $0.5 million at closing and will receive quarterly payments through 2002 equal to a specified percentage of the Section 29 tax credits generated from the properties. These quarterly payments are expected to decline from approximately $117,000 per quarter in 1999 to approximately $107,000 per quarter in 2002. Based on current law, Devonian Shale and tight sand tax credits will be available until December 31, 2002. Eastern Seven has the option to repurchase the properties after December 31, 2002 at the fair market value of the properties at the time of repurchase less the value of the outstanding note and production payment. Eastern States also entered into a management services agreement with the trust pursuant to which Eastern States manages and operates the properties on behalf of the trust. RELATIONSHIP WITH STATOIL ENERGY In August 1999, Statoil Energy Holdings agreed to combine and extend to December 31, 2001 the final repayment dates of various notes payable to Statoil Energy Holdings aggregating approximately $505 million of indebtedness at December 31, 1998. This note has an 8% annual rate of interest, payable semi-annually on January 1 and July 1 each year. At September 30, 1999, the total amount of outstanding indebtedness under the note payable to Statoil Energy Holdings was approximately $505 million and our intercompany indebtedness owed to affiliates of Statoil Energy was approximately $51 million. Since 1997, Eastern States, along with Statoil Energy and Statoil Energy Holdings, has participated in a tax allocation agreement whereby all required federal income tax returns for 1997 and thereafter are filed on a consolidated basis. For each tax period, each subsidiary computes its separate tax liability or receivable on a separate company basis. Any subsidiary tax liability is paid to Statoil Energy by the subsidiary or, if there is a subsidiary tax benefit, Statoil Energy will reimburse the subsidiary. A-16 111 In 1997, Eastern States sold the Gulf of Mexico properties acquired in the Blazer acquisition in July 1997 to Eastern States' affiliate Statoil Exploration U.S., Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of The Statoil Group, for approximately $82 million. Substantially all full-time employees of Eastern States participate in a profit-sharing plan sponsored by Statoil Energy that includes an employee savings feature under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Participants in the plan may elect to defer up to 15% of their total compensation through contributions to the plan and Statoil Energy matches 50% of employee contributions up to 6% of an employee's total compensation. Statoil Energy's matching vests within five years. As described in more detail under the heading "Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc." on page A-1, The Statoil Group has decided to sell its equity ownership in Statoil Energy, including Eastern States. COMPETITION Competition in our primary producing areas is intense. We actively compete, in some cases against companies with substantially larger financial and other resources, in the: - acquisition of producing properties and natural gas and oil leases; - marketing of natural gas and oil; and - obtaining goods, services and labor. There are numerous exploration and production companies in the Appalachian Basin that compete directly with Eastern States. Only two of these have similar daily volume production, leasehold acreage and proved natural gas reserves as compared to Eastern States. These two companies are owned by U.S. natural gas utilities who have regulated local gas distribution and interstate gas transmission subsidiaries, in addition to their exploration and production subsidiary. Both of these companies have active drilling programs and directly compete with Eastern States. We have substantial relationships with both of these companies to gather and transmit our natural gas. To the extent that our gas supply, gathering systems, organization or development budget are smaller than those of some of our competitors, we may be disadvantaged in our competitive activities. We believe that our competitive gas marketing position is based on location, price, contract terms, quality of service and reliable delivery record. We believe that our extensive acreage position, substantial ongoing development program and existing gas gathering systems give us a competitive advantage over other producers in the Appalachian Basin that do not have similar systems or facilities in place. TITLE TO PROPERTIES As is customary in the natural gas and oil industry, we make only a cursory review of title to farm-out acreage and to undeveloped natural gas and oil leases upon execution of the contracts. Prior to the commencement of drilling operations, a thorough title examination may be conducted and curative work may be performed with respect to significant defects. To the extent title opinions or other investigations reflect title defects, we, rather than the seller of the undeveloped property, are typically responsible to cure any such title defects at our expense. If we were unable to remedy or cure any title defect of a nature such that it would not be prudent to commence drilling operations on the property, we could suffer a loss of our entire investment in the property. We believe that we have satisfactory title to the properties in accordance with standards generally accepted in the oil and gas industry. Our natural gas and oil properties are subject to customary royalty interests, liens for current taxes and other burdens that we believe do not materially interfere with the use of or affect the value of such properties. A-17 112 GOVERNMENT REGULATION Regulation of Natural Gas and Oil Exploration and Production Our exploration and production operations are subject to various types of regulation at the federal, state and local levels. This regulation includes: - requiring permits for the drilling of wells; - maintaining bonding requirements in order to drill or operate wells; and - regulating the location of wells, the method of drilling and casing wells, the surface use and restoration of properties upon which wells are drilled and the plugging and abandonment of wells. Our operations are also subject to various conservation laws and regulations. These laws and regulations may include: - the density or spacing of wells that may be drilled; - the unitization or pooling of oil and gas properties; and - the regulation of the maximum rate of production from natural gas and oil wells. The effect of these regulations may limit the amounts of natural gas and oil that we can produce from our wells, and limit the number of wells or the locations at which we can drill. Legislation affecting the oil and gas industry also is under constant review for amendment or expansion. In addition, numerous departments and agencies, both federal and state, are authorized by statute to issue rules and regulations binding on the natural gas and oil industry and its individual members, some of which carry substantial penalties for failure to comply. The regulatory burden on the natural gas and oil industry increases our cost of doing business and, as a result, affects our profitability. Because laws and regulations are frequently expanded, amended and reinterpreted, we are unable to predict the future cost or impact of complying with any laws and regulations. Federal Regulation of Gas. Under the Natural Gas Act of 1938, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission regulates the interstate transportation and the sale in interstate commerce for resale of natural gas. The FERC's jurisdiction over interstate natural gas sales was substantially modified by the Natural Gas Policy Act, under which the FERC continued to regulate the maximum selling prices of specified categories of gas sold in "first sales" in interstate and intrastate commerce. Effective January 1, 1993, however, the Natural Gas Wellhead Decontrol Act deregulated natural gas prices for all "first sales" of natural gas. Because "first sales" include typical wellhead sales by producers, all natural gas produced from Eastern States' natural gas properties is being sold at market prices, subject to the terms of any private contracts which may be in effect. The FERC's jurisdiction over natural gas transportation was not affected by the Decontrol Act. Eastern States' sales of natural gas are affected by intrastate and interstate gas transportation regulation. Beginning in 1985, the FERC adopted regulatory changes that have significantly altered the transportation and marketing of natural gas. These changes were intended by the FERC to foster competition by, among other things, transforming the role of interstate pipeline companies from wholesale marketers of gas to the primary role of gas transporters. All gas marketing by the pipelines was required to be divested to a marketing affiliate, which operates separately from the transporter and in direct competition with all other merchants. As a result of the various omnibus rulemaking proceedings in the late 1980s and the individual pipeline restructuring proceedings of the early to mid-1990s, the interstate pipelines are now required to provide open and nondiscriminatory transportation and transportation-related services to all producers, gas marketing companies, local distribution companies, industrial end users and other customers seeking service. Through similar orders affecting intrastate pipelines that provide similar interstate services, the FERC expanded the impact of open access regulations to intrastate commerce. A-18 113 More recently, the FERC has pursued other policy initiatives that have affected natural gas marketing, including: - the large-scale divestiture of interstate pipeline-owned gas gathering facilities to affiliated or non-affiliated companies; - further development of rules governing the relationship of the pipelines with their marketing affiliates; - the publication of standards relating to the use of electronic bulletin boards and electronic data exchange by the pipelines to make available transportation information on a timely basis and to enable transactions to occur on a purely electronic basis; - further review of the role of the secondary market for released pipeline capacity and its relationship to open access service in the primary market; and - development of policy and promulgation of orders pertaining to its authorization of market-based rates, rather than traditional cost-of-service based rates, for transportation or transportation-related services upon the pipeline's demonstration of lack of market control in the relevant service market. We cannot predict what effect the FERC's other activities will have on the access to markets, the fostering of competition and the cost of doing business. As a result of these changes, sellers and buyers of gas have gained direct access to the particular pipeline services they need and are better able to conduct business with a larger number of counterparties. Eastern States believes these changes generally have improved the access to markets for its natural gas while, at the same time, substantially increasing competition in the natural gas marketplace. We cannot predict what new or different regulations the FERC and other regulatory agencies may adopt, or what effect subsequent regulations may have on production and marketing of gas from our properties. In the past, Congress has been very active in the area of gas regulation. However, as discussed above, the more recent trend has been in favor of deregulation and the promotion of competition in the gas industry. Thus, in addition to "first sale" deregulation, Congress also repealed incremental pricing requirements and gas use restraints previously applicable. There are other legislative proposals pending in the Federal and state legislatures which, if enacted, would significantly affect the petroleum industry. At the present time, we cannot predict what proposals, if any, Congress or the various state legislatures might actually enact and what effect, if any, these proposals might have on our production and marketing of gas. Similarly, and despite the trend toward federal deregulation of the natural gas industry, we cannot predict whether or to what extent that trend will continue, or what the ultimate effect will be on our production and marketing of gas. Federal Regulation of Petroleum. Eastern States' sales of oil are not regulated and are at market based prices. The price received from the sale of these products is affected by the cost of transporting the products to market. Much of that transportation is through interstate common carrier pipelines. Effective as of January 1, 1995, the FERC implemented regulations generally grandfathering all previously approved interstate transportation rates and establishing an indexing system for those rates by which adjustments are made annually based on the rate of inflation, subject to certain conditions and limitations. These regulations may tend to increase the cost of transporting oil and natural gas liquids by interstate pipeline, although the annual adjustments may result in decreased rates in a given year. These regulations have generally been approved on judicial review. Every five years, the FERC will examine the relationship between the annual change in the applicable index and the actual cost changes experienced by the oil pipeline industry. The first such review is scheduled for the year 2000. We are not able to predict with certainty what effect, if any these relatively new federal regulations nor the periodic review of the index by FERC will have on it. A-19 114 Safety and Health Regulation Our gathering operations are subject to occupational safety, health and operational regulations relating to the design, installation, testing, construction, operation, replacement and management of facilities. Pipeline safety issues have recently been the subject of increasing focus in various political and administrative arenas at both the state and federal levels. We believe our operations, to the extent they may be subject to current natural gas pipeline safety or other health and safety requirements, comply in all material respects with these requirements. We cannot predict what effect, if any, the adoption of additional pipeline safety or other safety and health legislation might have on our operations, but the industry could be required to incur additional capital expenditures and increased costs depending upon future legislative and regulatory changes. ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS Our operations are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to environmental protection. Numerous governmental agencies issue rules and regulations to implement and enforce these laws, which may be costly to comply with and carry substantial penalties for failure to comply. These laws and regulations may: - require the acquisition of one or more permits before drilling commences; - restrict the types, quantities and concentration of various substances that can be released into the environment in connection with drilling and production activities; - limit or prohibit drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands and other protected areas; - require measures to prevent the release of contaminants into the environment from former operations, such as the remediation of former or current well sites, including pit closure and plugging abandoned wells; and - impose substantial liabilities and penalties if any contaminants are released into the environment as a result of our operations. In addition, these laws, rules and regulations may restrict the rate of oil and natural gas production below the rate that would otherwise exist or may require that certain wells be shut-in. The regulatory burden on the natural gas and oil industry increases the cost of doing business and consequently affects our profitability and the profitability of others in the industry. Our expenditures in the near future for regulatory and environmental compliance are not expected to be material in relation to our total capital expenditure program; however, we cannot predict the ultimate cost of compliance because costs are highly dependent on the facts and circumstances of a particular situation and environmental laws and regulations frequently change. Although we believe that our operations and facilities are in compliance in all material respects with current applicable environmental regulations, risks of substantial costs and liabilities are inherent in gas and oil operations, and we cannot assure you that we will not incur significant costs and liabilities in the future. A change in current environmental laws and regulations could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. CERCLA The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, which is commonly known as CERCLA and also as the Superfund law, imposes liability, without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct, on persons who are considered to be responsible for the release of a hazardous substance into the environment. While most oil and gas exploration and production wastes are not considered hazardous substances, there may be some materials present at an oil and gas well or used in oil and gas exploration and production operations that are considered hazardous substances. Persons who may be liable under CERCLA, usually referred to as potentially responsible parties, include the current or former owner or operator of the disposal site or sites where the release occurred and companies that A-20 115 disposed or arranged for the disposal of the hazardous substances found at a site and companies that transported the hazardous substance for disposal. Under CERCLA, potentially responsible parties may be subject to joint and several liability for the costs of cleaning up hazardous substances that have been released into the environment, for damages to natural resources and for the costs of some health studies. In addition, where a release of a hazardous substance has occurred, it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third parties to file lawsuits claiming for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by hazardous substances or other pollutants released into the environment. Stricter standards in environmental legislation may be imposed on the oil and gas industry in the future. For instance, from time to time legislation has been proposed in Congress that would reclassify certain oil and natural gas exploration and production wastes as "hazardous wastes" subject to more stringent handling, disposal and cleanup requirements. If such legislation were enacted, it could have a significant impact on our operating costs, as well as the oil and gas industry in general. Furthermore, although petroleum, including oil and natural gas, is exempt from CERCLA, at least two courts have ruled that certain wastes associated with the production of oil may be classified as hazardous substances under CERCLA. State initiatives to regulate further the disposal of oil and natural gas wastes are pending in several states, and these initiatives could have a similar impact on us. Although future changes in federal and state law related to discharge into navigable waters or state waters could have a significant impact on our operating costs, the entire industry will experience a similar impact and we believe that the increased costs will not have a material adverse impact on our financial conditions and operations. Solid and Hazardous Waste The Federal Solid Waste Disposal Act, as amended by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, which is commonly known as RCRA, regulates the generation, transportation, storage, treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes, and can require cleanup of hazardous waste disposal sites. RCRA currently excludes drilling fluids, produced waters and other wastes associated with the exploration, development or production of natural gas and oil from the definition of hazardous waste. Disposal of non-hazardous oil and gas exploration, development and production wastes may be regulated by state law. In addition, we occasionally handle material that may be classified as hazardous waste under RCRA. RCRA and state laws impose certain operational requirements upon the storage, handling and disposal of these materials. LITIGATION Various legal actions that have arisen in the ordinary course of business are pending with respect to Eastern States and its affiliates. We do not expect any of these proceedings to have a material adverse impact on our results of operations or financial position. OPERATING HAZARDS AND UNINSURED RISKS Our operations are subject to hazards and risks inherent in drilling for and production and transportation of oil and natural gas, such as: - fires; - natural disasters; - explosions; - encountering formations with abnormal pressures; - blowouts; - cratering; - pipeline ruptures; and - spills, A-21 116 any of which can result in loss of hydrocarbons, environmental pollution, personal injury claims, and other damage to our properties and properties of others. As protection against operating hazards, we maintain insurance coverage against some, but not all, potential losses. We believe that our insurance is adequate and customary for companies of a similar size engaged in operations similar to ours, but losses could occur for uninsurable or uninsured risks or in amounts in excess of existing insurance coverage. The occurrence of an event that is not fully covered by insurance could have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. EMPLOYEES As of June 30, 1999, we had 276 employees in eight offices. We believe that our relations with our employees are satisfactory. We have not entered into any collective bargaining agreements with any of our employees. OFFICES Statoil Energy maintains its corporate headquarters in Alexandria, Virginia where it leases approximately 110,000 square feet of office space. Eastern States maintains its corporate headquarters in the same building and subleases approximately 17% or 19,000 square feet of the office space from Statoil Energy. We also have a regional office in Charleston, West Virginia, with field offices in Weston, West Virginia; Madison, West Virginia; Brenton, West Virginia; Pikeville, Kentucky; Ravenna, Ohio; and Cambridge, Ohio. A-22 117 SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION The following table shows selected historical financial information for Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. and reflects the acquisition of the domestic natural gas and oil producing properties of Blazer Energy Corp. in July of 1997. The selected historical financial information as of and for the three years ended December 31, 1998 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The summary historical financial information for the two years ended December 31, 1995 and for the six months ended June 30, 1998 and 1999 has been derived from our unaudited financial statements. The results for the six months ended June 30, 1999 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other period or for the full year. The following information should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the notes thereto and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" contained elsewhere in this appendix. YEAR ENDED SIX MONTHS DECEMBER 31, YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ENDED JUNE 30, ------------------ -------------------------------- -------------------- 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1998 1999 ------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- (UNAUDITED) (UNAUDITED) (IN THOUSANDS) INCOME STATEMENT DATA: Total revenues............ $1,772.. $ 4,852 $ 18,247 $ 65,368 $104,670 $ 54,677 $ 57,723 ------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Operating expenses........ 623 1,244 2,655 13,454 15,950 7,927 8,043 Depreciation, depletion and amortization........ 550 1,429 4,783 19,073 31,517 16,520 16,129 General and administrative expenses................ -- -- 1,630 3,254 5,462 2,249 2,868 ------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Total costs and expenses................ 1,173 2,673 9,068 35,781 52,929 26,696 27,040 ------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Operating income.......... 599.... 2,179 9,179 29,587 51,741 27,981 30,683 Interest expense, net of interest income......... 518 2,061 4,338 21,608 38,952 19,513 21,265 ------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Income before income taxes................... 81 118 4,841 7,979 12,789 8,468 9,418 Income tax expense (benefit)............... -- -- 956 (1,171) 4,443 3,112 3,372 ------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Net income................ $ 81 $ 118 $ 3,885 $ 9,150 $ 8,346 $ 5,356 $ 6,046 ======= ======= ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== OTHER FINANCIAL DATA: Net cash provided by (used for) Operating activities.... (177) 40,341 10,301 12,244 40,511 22,081 24,818 Investing activities.... (19,173) (28,641) (56,571) (514,809) (56,551) (506) (21,061) Financing activities.... 19,500 (12,499) 46,270 502,565 16,040 (21,575) (3,757) Capital expenditures...... 19,173 28,641 56,789 597,007 82,525 25,045 21,990 BALANCE SHEET DATA (AT END OF PERIOD): Working capital........... 638 (1,979) (2,133) 10,057 13,215 12,709 13,412 Oil and gas properties, net..................... 18,336 40,683 96,770 589,889 615,611 573,857 620,873 Total assets.............. 19,945 45,564 100,469 626,339 658,333 602,472 651,867 Total long-term debt...... 19,500 41,366 69,633 503,588 505,488 505,488 505,488 Stockholder's equity...... 81 1,700 5,585 64,735 73,081 70,090 79,127 A-23 118 SUMMARY RESERVE AND OPERATING DATA The following shows summary reserve and operating information as of and for the periods indicated. Calculation of the standardized measure is made using a 10% discount rate in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and includes the value of Section 29 tax credits and future plugging and abandonment liabilities. The reserve to production ratio presented below represents year-end reserves divided by that year's production. For additional information regarding our proved reserves as reviewed by Ryder Scott Company, L.P. and other information regarding our gas and oil reserves, see "Business and Properties -- Reserves" and Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements presented on page AF-15 of this appendix. YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, -------------------------------------------------- 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 ------- ------- -------- -------- -------- NET PROVED RESERVES (AT END OF PERIOD): Natural gas (Bcf)......................... 38 82 170 990 1,050 Oil (MMBbls).............................. -- -- 1 2 2 Total proved reserves (Bcfe).............. 38 83 177 1,025 1,062 Percent proved developed reserves......... 68% 75% 73% 69% 67% Standardized measure before future income taxes (in thousands).................... $27,539 $66,170 $192,584 $680,432 $700,196 Standardized measure after future income taxes (in thousands).................... $21,145 $52,071 $136,175 $519,709 $538,401 Reserve to production ratio............... 51 40 27 45 29 AVERAGE DAILY PRODUCTION: Natural gas (MMcf per day)................ 2 6 17 61 98 Oil (MBbls per day)....................... -- -- -- -- -- Total production (MMcfe per day).......... 2 6 18 63 100 YEAR END COMMODITY PRICES: Natural gas ($/Mcf)....................... $ 2.55 $ 3.06 $ 3.68 $ 2.57 $ 2.71 Oil ($/Bbl)............................... $ 15.50 $ 16.50 $ 22.50 $ 15.00 $ 9.00 A-24 119 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following information should be read in conjunction with the information contained in our financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this appendix. OVERVIEW As an independent energy producer, we are engaged in the exploration for and the development, production, gathering, transportation, acquisition and marketing of natural gas and oil primarily in the Appalachian Basin. We are principally a natural gas producer, with natural gas making up over 98% of our net revenue for the year ended December 31, 1998 and the six months ended June 30, 1999. Our average natural gas production increased from 2 MMcfe per day at year-end 1994 to 104 MMcfe per day in the six-month period ended June 30, 1999. Our results of operations are determined in large part by the differences between the prices received for the natural gas produced and the cost to find, develop, produce, transport and market such natural gas. Changes in sales price received for our production directly affect our determination to proceed with the development of natural gas and our quantity of proved reserves. In addition to changes in supply and demand, natural gas and oil prices are influenced by seasonal factors, natural gas transportation and storage infrastructure, imports, political and regulatory developments and competition from other sources of energy and have been volatile over the last three years. Final prices for prompt month natural gas contracts traded on the NYMEX for delivery of gas at Henry Hub, Louisiana, have ranged from a low of approximately $1.67 per MMBtu to a high of approximately $4 per MMBtu during the period from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1998. It is management's view that general price inflation did not materially impact reported net sales, revenues or income for continuing operations for the three years ended December 31, 1998. Our production volume growth in recent years has occurred through exploration and development of our core holdings, as well as from producing property acquisitions, the most significant of which was the acquisition of Blazer Energy in July 1997 for $567 million. Based upon the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 1998, and excluding the effect of our hedging program, a change of $0.10 per Mcf in the average price of natural gas throughout such period would result in corresponding changes in operating and net income of $3.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively. We intend to continue to utilize hedging to limit our exposure to significant declines in market prices and to ensure minimum levels of cash flow from our sales of natural gas and oil. See "Business and Properties -- Marketing and Contracts -- Risk Management." We follow the full cost method of accounting for our natural gas and oil exploration and production activities. Under this method, we capitalize all productive and non-productive costs associated with acquisition, exploration and development activities. The capitalized costs of producing natural gas and oil properties are depreciated, depleted and amortized by the units-of-production method based on estimated proved reserves. We periodically review our proved properties in accordance with Rule 4-10(c)(4) of Regulation S-X to determine whether the unamortized capitalized costs of such properties less related deferred income taxes, as reflected in our accounting records, exceeds the estimated discounted future net revenues attributable to the proved properties, as adjusted. We periodically review our other properties to determine whether the carrying value of such properties as reflected in our accounting records exceeds the estimated undiscounted future net revenues attributable to such properties. Based on this review and the continuing evaluation of development plans, economics and other factors, if appropriate, we would record impairments (additional depletion and depreciation) pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed of," to the extent that the net book values of its other properties exceed the expected discounted future net revenues. Such impairments would constitute a charge to earnings which does not impact our cash flow from operating activities. However, such potential write-downs impact the amount of stockholders' equity and, therefore, A-25 120 the ratio of debt to equity. We have not incurred impairment charges for the periods presented. No assurance can be given that we will not experience impairments in the future. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Operating results for Eastern States are presented in the tables and analyses that follow. OPERATING RESULTS SIX MONTHS YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ENDED JUNE 30, ---------------------------- ----------------- 1996 1997 1998 1998 1999 ------- ------- -------- ------- ------- (IN THOUSANDS) Salesmeter volumes (Bcfe)........... 6.5 23.0 36.5 18.4 18.8 Average realized salesmeter oil & gas price (hedged) ($ per Mcfe)... 2.81 2.81 2.61 2.72 2.83 Oil & gas revenue (hedged).......... $18,247 $64,604 $ 95,315 $50,034 $53,149 Tax credit monetization............. -- 764 9,355 4,643 4,574 Total revenues...................... $18,247 $65,368 $104,670 $54,677 $57,723 Operating expenses.................. 2,655 13,454 15,950 7,927 8,043 Depreciation, depletion and amortization...................... 4,783 19,073 31,517 16,520 16,129 General and administrative expenses.......................... 1,630 3,254 5,462 2,249 2,868 Operating income.................... $ 9,179 $29,587 $ 51,741 $27,981 $30,683 SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 1998 COMPARED TO SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 1999 Revenue for the six months ended June 30, 1999 was $57.7 million, or 5.5% higher than the six months ended June 30, 1998. Natural gas and oil revenues increased 6.2% to $53.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 1998, compared to $50.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 1999. This increase was principally due to higher produced volumes, which increased from 101.7 MMcfe per day in 1998 to 103.8 MMcfe per day in 1999, and higher average realized selling prices, which increased from $2.72 per Mcfe in 1998 to $2.83 per Mcfe in 1999. Operating expenses increased 1.3% from $7.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 1998 to $8.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 1999. This increase was due principally to volume increases as operating expenses per Mcfe for each period approximated $0.43 per Mcfe. Depreciation, depletion and amortization decreased by 2.4% from $16.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 1998 to $16.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 1999. This favorable change in the depreciation, depletion and amortization rate per Mcfe, from $0.90 to $0.86, reflects favorable drilling results for the period July 1998 to June 1999, which resulted in increased proved developed and proved undeveloped gas reserves. The 4.5% decrease in the depreciation, depletion and amortization rate was partially offset by additional costs resulting from a 2.1% increase in volumes. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 27% from $2.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 1998 to $2.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 1999. This increase was attributable to increased investments in information technology. Interest expense increased from $19.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 1998 to $21.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 1999. This increase is directly attributable to higher spending in support of development efforts. Eastern States has a credit facility with Statoil Energy Holdings which provides for borrowings at a 8% annual fixed interest rate. Outstanding borrowings at December 31, 1998 were $505.5 million. Pre-tax income was $9.4 million and $8.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 1999 and 1998, respectively. The effective income tax rate approximated 36% in each period. A-26 121 FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998 COMPARED TO FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 Revenues for 1998 were $104.7 million, or 60% higher than 1997 revenues of $65.4 million. The increase in revenues is attributable to the Blazer Energy acquisition as of July 1, 1997, which increased daily production from 22.6 MMcfe/day to 100.0 MMcfe/day. Production increased 61% from approximately 23 Bcfe in 1997, based on one-half year of Blazer Energy volumes, to approximately 37 Bcfe in 1998. Section 29 tax credits monetized in December 1997, provided $0.8 million and $9.4 million in additional revenues in 1997 and 1998, respectively. The production increase was partially offset by a 7% decrease in the realized gas price from $2.81 per Mcfe in 1997 to $2.61 per Mcfe in 1998. Operating expenses increased nearly 18% from $13.5 million in 1997 to $15.9 million in 1998. This increase is principally due to a full year of Blazer Energy operations in 1998. The Company successfully assimilated Blazer Energy into its operations as operating costs per Mcfe were reduced significantly to $0.44 per Mcfe in 1998 versus $0.59 per Mcfe in 1997. Depletion, depreciation and amortization expenses were $0.86 per Mcfe or $31.5 million in 1998 and $0.83 per Mcfe or $19.1 million in 1997. The higher rate reflects investments in pipeline infrastructure, approximately $10 million in total over the two-year period. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by 67% to $5.5 million in 1998 from $3.3 million in 1997, reflecting a full year of Blazer Energy operations and higher development activity. Interest expense increased from $21.6 million in 1997 to $38.9 million in 1998 as a result of the Blazer Energy acquisition which was funded principally by additional borrowings from Statoil Energy Holdings. Borrowings from Statoil Energy Holdings were subject to 8% annual rate of interest. Income before taxes increased from $8.0 million in 1997 to $12.8 million in 1998. Eastern States was able to use approximately $2.2 million of tax credits in 1997 to reduce income taxes. This as well as other available credits allowed Eastern States to realize an income tax benefit of $1.2 million in 1997, while it had a tax expense of $4.4 million in 1998. FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 COMPARED TO FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996 Revenue increased 29% from $18.2 million in 1996 to $65.4 million in 1997, which is directly attributable to the July 1, 1997 Blazer Energy acquisition. Production increased from 17.8 MMcfe/day to 100.0 MMcfe/day and accordingly, total volume increased 254% from 6.5 Bcfe produced in 1996 to 23.0 Bcfe produced in 1997. Since the realized selling price was approximately $2.81 per Mcfe in both periods, the above revenue increase is solely attributable to the increase in production as a result of the Blazer Energy acquisition. Operating expenses increased from $2.7 million in 1996 to $13.5 million in 1997. This increase was the direct result of the Blazer Energy acquisition and generally higher development activity. Depletion, depreciation and amortization expenses were $0.83 per Mcfe, or $19.1 million, in 1997 and $0.73 per Mcfe, or $4.8 million, in 1996. This dollar increase is directly related to the increased production volumes resulting from the Blazer Energy acquisition. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased from $1.6 million in 1996 to $3.3 million in 1997, due to the additional office personnel and related expenses associated with the Blazer Energy acquisition. Interest expense increased from $4.3 million to $21.6 million as a result of increased borrowings from Statoil Energy Holdings to fund the Blazer Energy acquisition. Borrowings from Statoil Energy Holdings were based on a fixed interest rate of 8% per annum. Income before income taxes increased from $4.8 million in 1996 to $8.0 million in 1997. In 1997, Eastern States realized $2.2 million of tax credits. This, along with other available credits, resulted in a tax benefit of $1.2 million in 1997, compared to tax expense of $1.0 million in 1996. A-27 122 LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Eastern States' primary capital resources are net cash provided by operating activities and net proceeds from financing activities, including borrowings from Statoil Energy Holdings. We expect our future capital requirements, primarily consisting of development expenditures, to be funded by cash flow from operations and financing activities. Our levels of cash flows and earnings depend on many factors, including the price of natural gas and our ability to maintain low operating costs and overhead. We cannot predict natural gas prices which fluctuate based on market conditions and seasonality. Our average realized natural gas price was $2.81 per Mcfe for each of 1996 and 1997 and decreased to $2.61 per Mcfe in 1998. For the six month period ended June 30, 1999, our net development expenditures of approximately $21 million were entirely funded by net cash provided from operating activities in the amount of approximately $24.8 million. Cash provided by operating activities was $40.5 million, $12.2 million, and $10.3 million in 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively. The increase from 1997 to 1998 was primarily due to increased revenues and production associated with the Blazer Energy acquisition. Before changes in working capital, cash flow from operations was $43.7 million, $24.4 million, and $9.6 million in 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively. For the year 1999, our capital expenditures are expected to be $70 million. For the year 2000, our capital expenditures are expected to be approximately $65 million. FINANCIAL CONDITION Total assets increased 5.1% from $626 million at December 31, 1997 to $658 million at December 31, 1998, primarily because of development drilling. As of December 31, 1998, total capitalization of Eastern States was $631 million, of which 80% was long-term debt. This compares with capitalization of $606 million at December 31, 1997, of which 83% was long-term debt. In an effort to improve Eastern States' liquidity and financial condition, in August 1999, Statoil Energy Holdings agreed to combine and extend to December 31, 2001 the final repayment dates of various notes payable to Statoil Energy Holdings aggregating approximately $505 million at December 31, 1998. Of the amount rescheduled, $428 million was originally due to be paid in June 2000 with the remainder being payable during 1999. This note has an 8% annual rate of interest, payable semi-annually on January 1 and July 1 each year. At September 30, 1999, the total amount of outstanding indebtedness under the note payable to Statoil Energy Holdings was approximately $505 million. WORKING CAPITAL Eastern States generally uses available cash to minimize intercompany indebtedness and, therefore, maintains minimal cash and cash equivalent balances. Short-term liquidity needs are satisfied by either advances from Statoil Energy or Statoil Energy Holdings. Working capital of $13.2 million at December 31, 1998 is primarily attributable to the excess of accounts receivable over accounts payable. A-28 123 CAPITAL EXPENDITURES The table below sets forth the components of our historical capital expenditures for the two-years ended December 31, 1997 and 1998 and the six-month periods ended June 30, 1998 and 1999. YEAR ENDED SIX MONTHS DECEMBER 31, ENDED JUNE 30, ------------------ ----------------- 1997 1998 1998 1999 -------- ------- ------- ------- (IN THOUSANDS) Exploration................................... $ 2,531 $ 2,427 $ 1,063 $ 1,000 Development................................... 22,743 69,667 20,696 22,219 Lease acquisition............................. 1,401 345 (225) 205 Proved property acquisition................... 567,135 8,403 2,368 (1,826) -------- ------- ------- ------- Total............................... $593,810 $80,842 $23,902 $21,598 ======== ======= ======= ======= Our ability to maintain and increase our operating income and cash flow is dependent upon continued capital spending. We expect our capital expenditures in 1999 to be approximately $70 million and approximately $65 million in the year 2000. We currently expect to drill 200 to 230 net development wells in the Appalachian Basin during 1999. Our level of capital expenditures may vary in the future depending on a number of factors, including energy market conditions and other related economic factors. We have no material long-term commitments associated with expenditure plans. Management believes that expected cash flow from operations supplemented by borrowings, as needed, from Statoil Energy Holdings will be sufficient to fund its capital expansion plans and working capital requirements. Future cash flows, however, are dependent on a number of variables, such as the level of production of natural gas and oil and the sales price of natural gas and oil. Accordingly, management cannot guarantee that future operations will provide cash in sufficient amounts to maintain current levels of capital expenditures or to meet our debt service requirements. To date, we have not spent significant amounts to comply with environmental or safety regulations, and we currently do not expect to do so during 1999. However, developments such as new regulations, enforcement policies or claims for damages could result in significant future costs. YEAR 2000 "Year 2000," or the ability of computer systems to process dates with years beyond 1999, affects almost all companies and organizations. Computer systems that are not Year 2000 compliant by January 1, 2000 may cause material adverse effects to companies and organizations that rely upon those systems. Continuity of our operations in January 2000 will depend not only on the performance of our computer systems, but also on the compliance of computer systems and computer-controlled equipment of third parties. These third parties include oil and natural gas purchasers and significant service providers such as electric utility companies and natural gas plant, pipeline and gathering system operators. Eastern States has reviewed its computer systems and is making the necessary modifications for Year 2000 compliance. Eastern States is completing modifications and testing of its land computer programs and expects to complete remediation and testing by the end of November 1999. The remaining computer systems have been assessed and are believed to be compliant. Some of Eastern States' critical field equipment, such as natural gas compressors, are partially controlled or regulated by embedded computer chips. Based on a preliminary review of all operating areas, Eastern States has identified no significant compliance exceptions. Based on its review, remediation efforts and the results of testing to date, Eastern States does not believe that timely modification of its computer systems for Year 2000 compliance represents a material risk. Eastern States estimates that total costs related to Year 2000 compliance efforts will be approximately $200,000 of which approximately $130,000 has been incurred and expensed through September 30, 1999. A-29 124 Eastern States has identified significant third parties whose Year 2000 compliance could affect Eastern States and has formally inquired about their Year 2000 status. Eastern States has received responses to 100% of its inquiries. All respondents have indicated that they will be Year 2000 compliant by January 1, 2000. Despite its efforts to assure that the third parties are Year 2000 compliant, Eastern States cannot provide assurance that all significant third parties will achieve compliance in a timely manner. A third party's failure to achieve Year 2000 compliance could have a material adverse effect on Eastern States' operations and cash flow. For example, a third party might fail to deliver revenue to Eastern States. Eastern States has prepared contingency plans in the event of potential problems resulting from failure of Eastern States' or significant third party computer systems and compressors on January 1, 2000. As part of its contingency plans, Eastern States will have certain key employees working on both December 31, 1999 and January 1, 2000 to determine that Eastern States' computer systems and compressors continue to operate normally. Eastern States anticipates minimal problems will be encountered which would affect trust assets, but the most reasonably likely worst scenario is the loss of production from 10% to 20% of the underlying wells for several days in January 2000 due to compressors not properly functioning. Such loss is estimated to be less than 1% of projected year 2000 revenue. NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS We will be required to comply with the provisions of SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" which must be adopted for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2000. SFAS No. 133 requires that derivatives be reported on the balance sheet at fair value and, if the derivative is not designated as a hedging instrument, changes in fair value must be recognized in earnings in the period of change. If the derivative is designated as a hedge and to the extent such hedge is determined to be effective, changes in fair value are either offset by the change in fair value of the hedged asset or liability, if applicable, or reported as a component of other comprehensive income in the period of change, and subsequently recognized in earnings when the offsetting hedged transaction occurs. The definition of derivatives has also been expanded to include contracts that require physical delivery of oil and gas if the contract allows for net cash settlement. We primarily use derivatives to hedge product price and interest rate risks. These derivatives are recorded at cost, and gains and losses on such derivatives are reported when the hedged transaction occurs. Accordingly, adoption of SFAS No. 133 will have an impact on our reported financial position, and although such impact has not been determined, it is currently not believed to be material. Adoption of SFAS No. 133 should have no significant impact on reported earnings, but could materially affect comprehensive income. PRODUCTION IMBALANCES We have only immaterial gas production imbalance positions which result from the balancing of accounts relating to natural gas volumes on our gathering systems and third party gathering systems that we utilize. A-30 125 QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK We use derivative financial instruments for hedging purposes, including swap agreements and commodity futures, swaps, and option agreements. These financial and commodity-based derivative contracts are used to limit the risks of natural gas price changes. Gains and losses on these derivatives are entirely offset by losses and gains on the respective hedged exposures. Our board of directors has adopted a policy governing the use of derivative instruments, which requires that all derivatives we use relate to an underlying, offsetting position, anticipated transaction or firm commitment. The policy prohibits the use of speculative, highly complex or leveraged derivatives. The policy also requires review and approval by our president of all risk management programs using derivatives and all derivative transactions. These programs are also periodically reviewed by our board of directors. Hypothetical changes in natural gas prices chosen for the estimated sensitivity effects are considered to be reasonably possible near-term changes generally based on consideration of past fluctuations for each risk category. It is not possible to accurately predict future changes in natural gas prices. Accordingly, these hypothetical changes may not necessarily be an indicator of probable future fluctuations. COMMODITY PRICE RISK Currently, Eastern States hedges a portion of the market risks associated with its natural gas sales. During 1998, we entered into gas futures contracts and gas basis swap agreements to reduce exposure to price volatility in the physical markets. As of December 31, 1998, outstanding futures contracts had a fair value gain of $8.4 million and outstanding basis swap agreements had a fair value gain of $2.8 million. These futures contracts and basis swap agreements are not recorded on our balance sheet at year end, but are recorded in the month to which the contracts relate. As of December 31, 1997, outstanding futures contracts had a fair value loss of $2.0 million and outstanding basis swap agreements had a fair value gain of $1.2 million. For commodity derivatives that are permitted to be settled in cash or another financial instrument, sensitivity effects are as follows. At year-end 1998, the aggregate effect of a hypothetical 10% change in natural gas prices and basis would result in a $1.1 million change in the fair value of these financial instruments. This sensitivity does not include the effects of gas contracts that cannot be settled in cash or with another financial instrument. A-31 126 MANAGEMENT DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS Our board of directors consists of five members. Their terms expire at Eastern States' next annual meeting. The board of directors elects our executive officers annually and those executive officers serve at the discretion of the board of directors. Information concerning our current directors and executive officers is provided below. NAME AGE POSITION - ---- --- -------- Johan Nic Vold............................ 52 Chairman of the Board and Director David A. Dresner.......................... 51 Director Kristian B. Hausken....................... 47 Director Jon A. Jacobsen........................... 41 Director Thor Otto Lohne........................... 42 Director Clifton A. Brown.......................... 50 President and Chief Executive Officer Stevens V. Gillespie...................... 42 Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer James E. Cochran.......................... 38 Senior Vice President -- Operations Jeffrey E. Fulmer......................... 38 Vice President -- Exploration, Development and Land James S. Caballero........................ 45 Vice President -- Engineering, Acquisitions and Divestitures Kerry W. Eckstein......................... 43 Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary David L. Matz............................. 51 Vice President -- Drilling and Completion BACKGROUND OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS Johan Nic Vold has served as Executive Vice President of The Statoil Group since 1988, and has served as Chairman of Statoil Energy's and Eastern States' Boards of Directors since April 1999. David A. Dresner has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Statoil Energy since June 1996, and as President of Eastern States from 1994 until July 1999. He served as President and Chief Operating Officer for Statoil Energy and its predecessor from August 1991 through May 1996. Mr. Dresner has served as a director of Statoil Energy since August 1991 and Eastern States since 1994. Kristian B. Hausken has served as Senior Vice President of Strategic Projects and Restructuring for The Statoil Group since January 1999. From 1993 to 1998, Mr. Hausken served as Senior Vice President of Natural Gas Business Development of Statoil Energy. He has served as an employee of The Statoil Group since 1981, and as a Vice President since 1989. He was elected to the Boards of Directors of Statoil Energy and Eastern States in June 1996. Jon A. Jacobsen has served as a Senior Vice President of Finance for The Statoil Group since June 1998 and has served on the Boards of Directors of Statoil Energy and Eastern States since May 1998. From January 1992 to June 1998, he served with Den Norske Bank (DnB) in positions relating to the energy and international finance industry, including management of the Asian group activities for DnB in Singapore. Thor Otto Lohne has served as the General Manager of the Gas Division of Statoil (UK) Gas and Chairman of Alliance Gas Limited since August 1996. Alliance Gas Limited is a marketing subsidiary of The Statoil Group in the United Kingdom. He joined The Statoil Group in 1983. He was elected to the Boards of Directors of Statoil Energy and Eastern States in April 1999. A-32 127 Clifton A. Brown has been President and Chief Executive Officer of Eastern States since July 1999. From June 1996 to July 1999, he served as Executive Vice President of Eastern States. Since June 1996 he has also served as Executive Vice President of Statoil Energy and Statoil Energy's subsidiaries engaged in natural gas production and development operations, including Eastern States. He also served as Senior Vice President of Statoil Energy from January 1994 to June 1996. Stevens V. Gillespie has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Eastern States since July 1999. Since April 1996 he has also served as Senior Vice President with Statoil Energy and Eastern States, responsible for management of the company's Producer Services division. From 1984 to 1996, he served as Chief Financial Officer for Statoil Energy and its predecessor companies. James E. Cochran has served as Senior Vice President -- Operations of Statoil Energy and Eastern States since January 1999 and previously served as Vice President of Eastern States from July 1997 to January 1999. From January 1988 to June 1997, he performed consulting services for various oil and gas industry clients, including Eastern States. Since June 1984, he has also owned and operated Big Sandy Oil Company, which conducts natural gas exploration and production in the Western Pennsylvania region of Appalachian Basin. Jeffrey E. Fulmer has served as Vice President -- Exploration, Development and Land of Statoil Energy and Eastern States since July 1996. From 1989 to July 1996, he held the positions of Director -- Exploration, Manager Exploration Special Projects, and Project Geologist with Statoil Energy and its predecessor companies. James S. Caballero has served as Vice President -- Engineering, Acquisitions and Divestitures of Statoil Energy and Eastern States since 1994. From 1990 to 1994, he served as Vice President -- of Engineering, Acquisitions and Divestitures of Statoil Energy's predecessor companies. Kerry W. Eckstein has served as Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary to Eastern States since July 1999 and as Counsel to Statoil Energy since June 1997. From June 1995 to June 1997, he was the owner and operator of the Thames Group, which conducted investments in oil and gas and other projects. From 1990 to 1995, he served as Senior Attorney for the international exploration and production division of Atlantic Richfield Company. David L. Matz has served as a Vice President -- Drilling and Production since joining Eastern States' predecessor in 1990. DIRECTORS' COMPENSATION All directors are also employees of our affiliates and receive no additional compensation for service on the board of directors. A-33 128 EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The table below provides compensation information for our Chief Executive Officer and the four other most highly compensated executive officers for the year ended December 31, 1998. SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE LONG-TERM COMPENSATION ------------------------------- SECURITIES ANNUAL COMPENSATION OTHER UNDERLYING ---------------------- ANNUAL OPTIONS/ ALL OTHER SALARY($) BONUS($) COMPENSATION($)(2) SARS(#) COMPENSATION($)(3) ---------- --------- ------------------ ---------- ------------------ Clifton A. Brown(1)........... 251,666 67,953 -- 15,000 5,620 President and Chief Executive Officer Stevens V. Gillespie.......... 185,000 36,920 -- 6,200 5,506 Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer James Cochran................. 125,000 19,526 -- 5,000 220 Senior Vice President -- Operations James S. Caballero............ 125,000 20,776 -- 3,300 3,976 Vice President -- Engineering, Acquisitions and Divestitures Jeffrey E. Fulmer............. 125,000 23,901 -- 3,300 4,098 Vice President -- Exploration, Development and Land - --------------- (1) Mr. Dresner served as President of Eastern States at December 31, 1998. He also serves as President of Statoil Energy and most other U.S. subsidiaries of The Statoil Group. Effective July 1999, Mr. Dresner resigned as Eastern States' President. At such date, Clifton A. Brown, who served as Eastern States' Executive Vice President, was appointed President. During 1998, approximately 30% of Mr. Dresner's compensation was allocated to Eastern States. (2) Amounts do not include perquisites and other personal benefits, securities or property, because the total amount of such compensation did not exceed the lesser of $50,000 or 10% of the total of annual salary and bonus reported for the named executive. (3) In the case of Messrs. Brown, Gillespie, Caballero and Fulmer, includes a $5,000, $5,000, $3,594 and $3,751 employee match for Statoil Energy's 401(k) plan and a $620, $506, $382 and $347 yearly life insurance premium. In the case of Mr. Cochran, includes a $220 life insurance premium. A-34 129 The following table shows information concerning grants of stock options and stock appreciation rights, or SARs, during 1998 for officers named in the Summary Compensation Table. PERCENTAGE POTENTIAL REALIZED OF TOTAL VALUE AT NUMBER OF OPTIONS/ ASSUMED SECURITIES SARS ANNUAL RATE OF UNDERLYING GRANTED TO STOCK PRICE APPRECIATION OPTIONS/ EMPLOYEES EXERCISE FOR OPTION TERM(1) SARS IN PRICE EXPIRATION ------------------------- NAME GRANTED 1998(2) ($/SHARE) DATE 5%($) 10%($) - ---- ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------- ----------- Clifton A. Brown........... 15,000 7.88% $15.06 8/6/2008 $11,295.00 $22,590.00 Stevens V. Gillespie....... 6,200 3.26% 15.06 8/6/2008 $ 4,668.60 $ 9,337.20 James Cochran.............. 5,000 2.63% 15.06 8/6/2008 $ 3,765.00 $ 7,530.00 James S. Caballero......... 3,300 1.73% 15.06 8/6/2008 $ 2,484.90 $ 4,969.80 Jeffrey E. Fulmer.......... 3,300 1.73% 15.06 8/6/2008 $ 2,484.90 $ 4,969.80 - --------------- (1) Based on the fair market value at the date of grant and the stated annual appreciation rate, compounded annually, for the option term of ten years. The assumed annual appreciation rates of 5% and 10% were established by the SEC and therefore are not intended to forecast possible future appreciation, if any, of the common stock. However, the total potential realized value shown for the above named executives represents less than 1.5% of the total appreciation all stockholders would realize. (2) Based on total options granted by Statoil Energy. OPTION/SAR GRANTS IN 1998 INDIVIDUAL GRANTS Options granted under the Statoil Energy Amended and Restated Incentive Compensation Plan are granted at fair market value at the date of grant and generally vest over five years and expire ten years after the date of grant. Shares issued pursuant to option exercise are transfer restricted. See "-- Employee Shareholders Agreement". The following table shows information regarding stock options and SARs exercised during 1998 by the officers named in the Summary Compensation Table and 1998 year-end values. AGGREGATED OPTION/SAR EXERCISES IN 1998 AND DECEMBER 31, 1998 OPTION/SAR VALUES NUMBER OF SHARES VALUE OF UNDERLYING UNEXERCISED UNEXERCISED IN-THE-MONEY SHARES OPTIONS/SARS AT OPTIONS/SARS AT ACQUIRED 12/31/98(#) 12/31/98 ($) ON VALUE --------------------------- --------------------------- NAME EXERCISE(#) REALIZED($) EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE - ---- ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------- Clifton A. Brown....... -- $ -- 32,500 37,500 $112,190 $48,810 Stevens V. Gillespie... -- -- 42,950 13,440 216,942 8,970 James E. Cochran....... -- -- -- 5,000 -- -- James S. Caballero..... 4,000 20,400 4,640 8,610 15,010 11,896 Jeffrey E. Fulmer...... -- -- 3,380 7,820 10,609 9,797 EMPLOYMENT AND CHANGE IN CONTROL AGREEMENTS Effective February 1, 1999, Messrs. Brown and Gillespie entered into individual employment agreements with Statoil Energy pursuant to which they serve as executive officers. Mr. Brown's agreement has a term of 30 months, which is automatically extended so that at all times the term is 30 months from the current date. Mr. Gillespie's agreement has a term of 24 months, which is automatically extended so that at all times the term is 24 months from the current date. The employment agreements contain customary non-compete and non-solicitation provisions which terminate at the later of: - one year after termination of employment or A-35 130 - the end of the period after which the executive continues to receive severance payments after a change in control. Mr. Brown's agreement provides for an annual base salary of not less than $260,000, and Mr. Gillespie's agreement provides for an annual base salary of not less than $190,000, both of which may be increased at the discretion of the Board of Directors of Statoil Energy. In addition, Messrs. Brown and Gillespie are eligible to receive: - an incentive bonus based on the financial performance of Eastern States and the evaluation of each of Mr. Brown's and Mr. Gillespie's performance by the Board of Directors of Statoil Energy; - stock options awarded at the discretion of Statoil Energy's Board of Directors consistent with historical practices; - reimbursement of all reasonable expenses; and - other benefits including, but not limited to, any retirement benefit plan, disability, group life, sickness, accident and health insurance programs provided by Statoil Energy to executives. Eastern States may terminate either employment agreement at any time without cause. Messrs. Brown and Gillespie are then entitled to receive "base compensation" for the longer of one year, or the time period remaining under the term of the agreement. "Base compensation" is defined as the executive's annual base salary plus the average of all incentive bonuses paid to the executive during the previous three years. Change in Control. Each employment agreement further states that if, within two years following a change in control (as defined below) the executive is terminated without cause or terminates his employment for good reason, then the executive will be entitled to a severance payment in an amount equal to: - two and one-half times Mr. Brown's base compensation or two times Mr. Gillespie's base compensation, respectively, plus - an amount to compensate for lost benefits equal to the lesser of: -- 10% of the base compensation or -- $20,000 adjusted for inflation. In addition, all non-vested stock options will vest automatically upon the executive's termination within two years of a change in control or a materially adverse change in the executive's employment and be exercisable until the first anniversary of the executive's termination of employment with Statoil Energy. A "change in control" shall be deemed to have occurred if: - any person other than The Statoil Group, its affiliates or Statoil Energy or an employee benefit plan of Statoil Energy acquires the beneficial ownership of any voting security of Statoil Energy and after the acquisition the acquiring person is the beneficial owner of voting securities representing more than 50% of the total voting power of all the outstanding voting securities of Statoil Energy; or - the stockholders of Statoil Energy, that is, The Statoil Group, approve a merger, consolidation or reorganization of Eastern States, unless -- the transaction results in more than 50% of the voting power after the transaction beneficially owned by holders of voting securities of the Eastern States prior to the transaction, with substantially the same voting power or -- the members of the Eastern States' board of directors prior to the transaction constitute 50% or more of the members of its board of directors after the first vote to elect its members following the transaction; or A-36 131 - the stockholders of Eastern States approve a plan of complete liquidation, dissolution or disposition of substantially all of the assets or business of Eastern States; or - Eastern States sells or transfers the business unit or division for which the employee has primary responsibility to an entity other than The Statoil Group, Eastern States or an entity controlled by The Statoil Group or Eastern States and this other entity does not offer the employee a position with substantially similar responsibilities and duties and the base compensation and other benefits provided under the employment agreement. Upon the sale of Statoil Energy or a "change in control" and a termination without cause or for good reason, Messrs. Brown and Gillespie would be entitled to payments in the amount approximating $870,000 and $500,000, respectively. In the event of termination for cause, the executive will be entitled to no further compensation or payment. Messrs. Brown and Gillespie may terminate their employment for good reason. If the executive resigns for good reason, he is entitled to his base compensation for the longer of one year or the remainder of the term of the agreement. Ninety percent of the compensation owed to Mr. Brown and Mr. Gillespie under these employment agreements is paid for and allocated to Eastern States. The remaining 10% is allocated to its affiliate Eastern States Exploration Company, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy, Inc. SEVERANCE POLICY In connection with The Statoil Group's intention to sell its ownership interest in Statoil Energy, Statoil Energy has implemented an employee retention program, effective as of October 13, 1999, to provide job security for full-time employees, including Messrs. Cochran, Caballero and Fulmer, of Statoil Energy and its majority-owned subsidiaries, including Eastern States. The employment security provisions, which are not applicable to executives with employment agreements, such as Messrs. Brown and Gillespie, will extend from October 13, 1999 through the first anniversary of the closing of any sale of The Statoil Group's interest in Statoil Energy. Severance benefits will only be offered to employees who are involuntarily terminated "without cause," meaning any employee terminated for failure to relocate more than fifty miles from his present office, or who voluntarily leaves his employment "with justification," meaning any employee whose salary is reduced by at least 10% of his base compensation as of January 1, 2000 or who is required to relocate to a new location more than fifty miles from his present office. Each eligible employee must execute, prior to receiving any benefits, a general release, a confidentiality agreement and a non-competition/non-solicitation agreement applicable for the period during which base compensation is extended. If the above conditions apply, each of Messrs. Cochran, Caballero and Fulmer will receive a continuation of their base compensation after termination for a minimum of nine months and a maximum of 12 months. They will also be entitled to receive a bonus based on the greater of their target bonus for the year 2000 or the average of their bonuses from the prior two years. Health benefits will also be extended for the period during which he receives salary continuation under the retention program. Under this employee retention program, Messrs. Cochran, Caballero and Fulmer would receive continued base salary, bonus and benefits approximating $125,000, $150,000 and $160,000, respectively. AMENDED AND RESTATED INCENTIVE COMPENSATION PLAN Statoil Energy has an Amended and Restated Incentive Compensation Plan designed to reward and incentivize employees of Statoil Energy and its subsidiaries based on the financial performance of Statoil Energy and its subsidiaries and the personal performance of the employee. Incentives offered under this plan include: A-37 132 - incentive stock options; - non-qualified stock options; - stock awards; - restricted stock awards; and - performance stock awards. The Incentive Plan is administered by a committee appointed by Statoil Energy's board of directors. Only officers and employees of Statoil Energy and its subsidiaries, including Eastern States, are eligible for such awards. The maximum aggregate number of shares of common stock which may be issued under the Incentive Plan is 1,500,000 shares. The Incentive Plan will terminate on January 6, 2002. Incentive Stock Options. Incentive stock options must satisfy the requirements of Section 422(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. All incentive stock options must be granted by January 6, 2002 and expire no later than ten years after the date of grant. The exercise price for each incentive stock option may not be less than the fair market value of the underlying common stock. No incentive stock options may be granted to any employee who, at the time the option is granted, would own more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock unless: - the exercise price is equal to at least 110% of the fair market value of the underlying stock; and - the option is not exercisable after the expiration of five years from the grant date. Non-qualified Stock Options. The exercise price of non-qualified stock options may be determined by the committee, provided that such price is not less than 33% of the fair market value of the underlying stock on the grant date. The term of each non-qualified stock option cannot be longer than ten years from the date of the grant. Each non-qualified stock option will vest and become exercisable in accordance with the provisions set forth in each stock option agreement. Notwithstanding any such vesting provisions, any option, whether incentive or non-qualified, will become fully vested and exercisable as follows: - when the employee dies, becomes disabled or attains age 65 while employed by Statoil Energy or one of its subsidiaries; or - when the employee's employment is terminated within two years following a change-in-control. Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Awards. A stock award of common stock is issued by Statoil Energy to an employee, without other payment therefor, as additional compensation for his service to Statoil Energy or one of its subsidiaries. A restricted stock award is common stock issued, without other payment, but subject to certain restrictions on sale or transfer as determined by the committee. All employees receiving a restricted stock award must enter into an escrow agreement with Statoil Energy outlining the conditions of such award. Performance Stock Awards. Performance stock awards are contingent rights to receive shares dependent upon the achievement of certain performance objectives. Each performance stock award is evidenced by a written agreement outlining the specific objectives to be achieved. If the employee attains such objectives, Statoil Energy will issue shares of common stock equal to the number of performance stock awards granted by the committee to the employee. Termination of Employment. Any stock option, whether incentive or non-qualified, held by an employee and not exercised will be immediately cancelled upon termination of employment by Statoil Energy or one of its subsidiaries for cause or as a result of voluntary termination by the employee. If the employee is terminated for any reason other than for cause, any vested and unexercised option, whether incentive or non-qualified, will continue to be exercisable in accordance with the terms of its stock option agreement for a period of ninety days following the notice of termination. A-38 133 If the employee is terminated for any reason, any restricted stock award or performance stock award not already issued and vested will be cancelled immediately. EMPLOYEE SHAREHOLDER AGREEMENT Each employee who receives an incentive under the Incentive Plan is required to enter into a Shareholders Agreement with Statoil Energy which: - prohibits the transfer of shares received pursuant to option exercises and other incentive grants to any person other than another holder who is an employee at the time of the transfer, the holder's immediate family or to a Statoil Energy affiliate; - grants a put option to the holder exercisable during April and October of each year at fair market value established according to a formula provided in the agreement; and - provides for the mandatory repurchase at fair market value upon termination or death of the employee of all shares owned by the employee as a result of awards under the Incentive Plan. If, within one year from the repurchase of common stock as a result of an employee's termination without cause or resignation for good reason there is: - an underwritten public offering; - a merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all assets; or - a transfer of at least 25% of Statoil's capital stock of Statoil Energy, any of which results in a change in control, then, Statoil Energy will pay to the employee the difference between the value of a share sold in such transaction and the price at which Statoil Energy repurchased the employee's shares. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT AND CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS Eastern States is a privately held company. All of the outstanding shares of common stock of Eastern States are owned by Statoil Energy Holdings, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy. A-39 134 INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. Consolidated Financial Statements Report of Independent Auditors......................... AF-2 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1997 and 1998.................................................. AF-3 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998................ AF-4 Consolidated Statements of Stockholder's Equity........ AF-5 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998................ AF-6 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............. AF-7 Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1998 and June 30, 1999............................ AF-18 Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six month periods ended June 30, 1998 and 1999........ AF-19 Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six month periods ended June 30, 1998 and 1999........ AF-20 Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements... AF-21 Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 1999......................................... AF-23 Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 1998....... AF-24 Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 1999..... AF-25 Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements............................................ AF-26 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY Report of Independent Auditors............................ AF-28 Consolidated Income Statement for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1996..................................... AF-29 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended September 30, 1996..................................... AF-30 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................ AF-31 Unaudited Domestic Operations of Blazer Energy Corp. and Subsidiary Unaudited Consolidated Income Statement for the nine months ended June 30, 1997............................ AF-39 Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended June 30, 1997....................... AF-40 Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements... AF-41 AF-1 135 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS Board of Directors and Stockholder Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. as of December 31, 1997 and 1998, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholder's equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. at December 31, 1997 and 1998, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. ERNST & YOUNG LLP Vienna, Virginia August 23, 1999, except for Note 12, as to which the date is October 13, 1999 AF-2 136 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (IN THOUSANDS) ASSETS DECEMBER 31, ------------------- 1997 1998 -------- -------- Current assets Accounts receivable -- related party...................... $ 21,795 $ 28,787 Accounts receivable -- trade, net......................... 3,928 7,732 Inventories............................................... 4,112 1,600 Prepaid expenses and other................................ 41 159 -------- -------- Total current assets.............................. 29,876 38,278 -------- -------- Property and equipment, net Natural gas and oil properties -- full cost method (See Note 3)................................................ 543,777 559,523 Gathering systems......................................... 46,112 56,088 Other property and equipment.............................. 3,496 4,196 -------- -------- Total property and equipment...................... 593,385 619,807 -------- -------- Deferred income taxes....................................... 2,880 -- Other assets................................................ 198 248 -------- -------- Total assets...................................... $626,339 $658,333 ======== ======== LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY Current liabilities Accounts payable.......................................... $ 17,389 $ 21,214 Accrued expenses.......................................... 1,691 1,136 Accrued severance and property taxes...................... 739 2,713 -------- -------- Total current liabilities......................... 19,819 25,063 -------- -------- Deferred income taxes....................................... -- 926 Long-term debt.............................................. 503,588 505,488 Intercompany liabilities.................................... 37,834 51,974 Other liabilities........................................... 363 1,801 Stockholder's equity Common stock ($1 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding)........................................... 1 1 Additional paid-in capital................................ 51,500 51,500 Retained earnings......................................... 13,234 21,580 -------- -------- Total stockholder's equity........................ 64,735 73,081 -------- -------- Total liabilities and stockholder's equity........ $626,339 $658,333 ======== ======== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-3 137 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (IN THOUSANDS) YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ---------------------------- 1996 1997 1998 ------- ------- -------- Revenue Natural gas and oil....................................... $18,247 $64,604 $ 95,315 Tax credit monetization................................... -- 764 9,355 ------- ------- -------- 18,247 65,368 104,670 ------- ------- -------- Costs and expenses Direct operating costs.................................... 2,655 13,454 15,950 Selling, general and administrative....................... 1,630 3,254 5,462 Depreciation, depletion and amortization.................. 4,783 19,073 31,517 ------- ------- -------- 9,068 35,781 52,929 ------- ------- -------- Income from operations...................................... 9,179 29,587 51,741 Interest expense............................................ 4,338 21,608 38,952 ------- ------- -------- Income before income taxes.................................. 4,841 7,979 12,789 Income tax expense (benefit)................................ 956 (1,171) 4,443 ------- ------- -------- Net income.................................................. $ 3,885 $ 9,150 $ 8,346 ======= ======= ======== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-4 138 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY (IN THOUSANDS) ADDITIONAL COMMON PAID-IN RETAINED STOCK CAPITAL EARNINGS TOTAL ------ ---------- -------- ------- Balance, December 31, 1995............................ $1 $ 1,500 $ 199 $ 1,700 Net income -- 1996.................................... 3,885 3,885 -- ------- ------- ------- Balance, December 31, 1996............................ 1 1,500 4,084 5,585 Net income -- 1997.................................... 9,150 9,150 Contribution of capital............................... 50,000 50,000 -- ------- ------- ------- Balance, December 31, 1997............................ 1 51,500 13,234 64,735 Net income -- 1998.................................... 8,346 8,346 -- ------- ------- ------- Balance, December 31, 1998............................ $1 $51,500 $21,580 $73,081 == ======= ======= ======= The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-5 139 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (IN THOUSANDS) YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ------------------------------- 1996 1997 1998 -------- --------- -------- Cash flows from operating activities Net income................................................ $ 3,885 $ 9,150 $ 8,346 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation, depletion and amortization............... 4,783 19,073 31,517 Deferred income tax expense (benefit).................. 909 (3,788) 3,806 Net changes in working capital Accounts receivable.................................... (2,398) (22,960) (10,796) Inventories............................................ (52) (3,920) 2,512 Prepaid expenses and other............................. (18) (12) (118) Accounts payable and accrued expenses.................. 3,192 14,701 5,244 -------- --------- -------- Net cash provided by operating activities................... 10,301 12,244 40,511 -------- --------- -------- Cash flows from investing activities Acquisition of natural gas and oil properties............. (31,760) (450,214) (6,812) Other additions to natural gas and oil properties......... (24,511) (143,596) (74,030) Disposition of natural gas and oil properties............. -- 82,300 23,957 Other property additions.................................. (518) (3,197) (1,683) Other..................................................... 218 (102) 2,017 -------- --------- -------- Net cash used in investing activities....................... (56,571) (514,809) (56,551) -------- --------- -------- Cash flows from financing activities Contribution of capital................................... -- 50,000 -- Issuance of long-term debt................................ 28,267 433,955 1,900 Intercompany activity..................................... 18,003 18,610 14,140 -------- --------- -------- Net cash provided by financing activities................... 46,270 502,565 16,040 -------- --------- -------- Net change in cash and cash equivalents..................... -- -- -- Cash and cash equivalents Beginning of year......................................... -- -- -- -------- --------- -------- End of the year........................................... $ -- $ -- $ -- ======== ========= ======== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-6 140 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES The Company Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. ("Company") is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy Holdings, Inc. ("SEH") and is engaged in natural gas and oil exploration and production in the states of Ohio, West Virginia and Kentucky. SEH is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy, Inc. ("STEN") and holds STEN's interests in various operating entities engaged in energy related activities. Principles of consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and its proportionate share of the assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses of various oil and gas development ventures. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements. These estimates and assumptions also affect certain amounts of reported revenues and expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Derivatives The Company uses derivatives to hedge product price risks, as opposed to their use for trading purposes. Gains and losses on commodity futures contracts and other price risk management instruments are recognized in oil and gas revenues when the hedged transaction occurs. Cash flows related to derivative transactions are included in operating activities. In order to qualify for hedge accounting, the derivative instrument must be designated and effective as a hedge. If the derivative does not meet these requirements, the derivative instrument is marked-to-market in income. In the event the hedged item matures, is sold, or is terminated, the realized and unrealized gains and losses are recognized in income coincidental with the transaction. Accounts receivable Accounts receivable arises primarily from the sale of natural gas. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers to minimize its exposure to credit risk. The Company's allowance for doubtful accounts, which is reflected in the consolidated balance sheets as a reduction in accounts receivable, was $1.0 million and $0.2 million at December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively. Concentration of credit risk In 1996, 1997 and 1998, sales to Statoil Energy Services, Inc. ("SES"), an affiliated company, were 85%, 83% and 59%, respectively, of total revenues. Sales to an unaffiliated purchaser were 23% in 1998. There were no other customers with purchases of greater than 10% of total revenues for 1996, 1997 and 1998. Inventories Inventories, consisting primarily of operating supplies and other materials used in well drilling, are stated at the lower of cost or market using the first-in, first-out method. AF-7 141 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) Property and equipment In accounting for natural gas and oil exploration and development costs, the Company follows the full cost method of accounting, under which all productive and nonproductive costs associated with acquisition, exploration and development activities are capitalized. This includes internal staff costs that are directly associated with acquisition, exploration and development activities but does not include any costs related to production or similar activities. Internal costs include Company staff time related to the acquisition, exploration and development of natural gas and oil properties and are capitalized on the basis of periodic time studies. Natural gas and oil properties at December 31, 1998 include costs of $39.4 million of acquisition costs and $1.1 million of exploration costs associated with unevaluated properties. These costs were incurred in 1997 and are excluded from capitalized costs being amortized, pending determination of the existence of proved reserves. Depreciation, depletion and amortization of evaluated costs is provided using the units-of-production method based on proved natural gas and oil reserves. Estimated restoration and abandonment costs, net of salvage credits, are taken into account in determining depreciation and depletion. Capitalized costs may not exceed the present value of future net revenues from production of proved natural gas and oil reserves, determined in accordance with procedures prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission. When an oil and gas property ceases economic production, the Company either sells the property or dismantles and removes all surface equipment, plugs the wells, and restores the property's surface in accordance with various regulations and agreements before abandoning the property. The Company accrues the estimated future costs, net of estimated equipment salvage values, over the property's estimated productive life. At December 31, 1998, the Company had accrued $1.8 million for such costs. Anticipated costs for currently proved properties that we expect to plug and abandon total $22.4 million, primarily payable over the next 50 years. Gathering systems are depreciated using the straight-line method over the useful lives of assets (20 to 25 years). Other property and equipment is stated at original cost and long-lived assets are reviewed annually in accordance with current accounting standards. Depreciation of other property and equipment is provided on a straight-line basis over the useful lives of the assets (5 to 10 years for equipment). Repairs of property and equipment are charged to expense as incurred. Accounts payable Accounts payable includes credit balances to the extent that checks issued have not been presented to the Company's bank for payment. These credit balances included in accounts payable were approximately $2.9 million and $5.2 million at December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively. Revenue recognition The Company records its natural gas and oil revenues on the entitlement method whereby the Company recognizes revenues based upon its entitled share of production. As of December 31, 1996, 1997, and 1998, the Company's natural gas and oil imbalances were not material. Natural gas measurement The Company records estimated amounts for natural gas revenues and natural gas purchase costs based on volumetric calculations under its natural gas sales and purchase contracts. Variances resulting from such calculations are inherent in natural gas sales, production, operation, measurement and administration. Management does not believe that differences between actual and estimated natural gas revenues are material. AF-8 142 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) Income taxes The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined using the tax rate for the period in which those amounts are expected to be received or paid, based on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts. Under this method, the effect of a change in income tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized as an element of income in the period the rate change is enacted. Since 1997, the Company and all Statoil affiliated companies located in the United States, participate in a tax sharing arrangement, whereby all required federal income tax returns for 1997 and future years will be filed on a consolidated basis. For financial reporting purposes, each company accounts for its income taxes on a separate company basis. Any benefits or detriments resulting from the consolidation of federal income tax returns will remain with or be incurred by the holding company, Statoil North America, Inc. ("SNA"). Segment reporting In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131 ("SFAS 131"), Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, the Company has identified only one operating segment, which is the exploration and production of oil and gas. All the Company's assets are located in the United States and all of its revenues are attributable to United States customers. 2. ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSALS The following acquisitions have been accounted for using the purchase method. The results of the acquired operations are included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements from their respective dates of acquisition: Purchases of natural gas and oil properties from unaffiliated parties, recorded at cost exclusive of internal cost capitalization, are as follows (in millions): PROVED UNPROVED GATHERING OTHER RESERVES PROPERTIES SYSTEMS PROPERTY TOTAL -------- ---------- --------- -------- ------ 1996................................... $ 31.6 $ 0.2 $ 5.8 $ 0.3 $ 37.9 1997................................... 409.9 40.3 31.7 8.4 490.3 1998................................... 0.8 6.0 -- -- 6.8 In 1997, the Company acquired the stock of Blazer Energy Corporation (Blazer), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ashland Inc. for a purchase price of $567.1 million. Blazer is engaged in the exploration, development, production, acquisition and marketing of natural gas and oil. Subsequent to the closing of the transaction, Blazer properties located in the Gulf of Mexico region were sold to an affiliated company, Statoil Exploration, Inc. ("SEUS"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of SNA for $82.3 million. In addition, in 1998, the Company sold certain proved developed reserves along with undeveloped acreage in approximately 400 non-producing properties for $24.0 million. AF-9 143 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) 3. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT Investments in property and equipment are comprised of the following (in thousands): DECEMBER 31, ------------------- 1997 1998 -------- -------- Natural gas and oil properties Proved.................................................... $523,506 $567,741 Unproved.................................................. 44,066 42,444 -------- -------- Total cost............................................. 567,572 610,185 Accumulated depletion.................................. (23,795) (50,662) -------- -------- Net book value of natural gas and oil properties............ 543,777 559,523 -------- -------- Gathering systems Cost...................................................... 47,931 60,507 Accumulated depletion..................................... (1,819) (4,419) -------- -------- Net book value of gathering systems......................... 46,112 56,088 -------- -------- Other property and equipment Cost...................................................... 4,036 5,718 Accumulated depreciation and amortization................. (540) (1,522) -------- -------- Net book value of other property and equipment.............. 3,496 4,196 -------- -------- Net book value of property and equipment.................... $593,385 $619,807 ======== ======== 4. PRICE RISK MANAGEMENT AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS It is the Company's general practice to hedge commodity price risk arising from its unmatched firm physical commitments to purchase or sell hydrocarbon products at fixed prices by taking offsetting positions in futures, options and swaps (collectively, "derivative commodity instruments"). The maturity of these derivative commodity instruments is matched closely with the underlying physical commitment. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by counterparts on natural gas forwards, options and swaps. The Company does not anticipate non-performance by any of these counterparts. The amount of such exposure is generally the unrealized gain on such contracts. At December 31, the estimated pre-tax fair values determined by market quotes, of the Company's derivative commodity instruments were as follows (in millions): 1997 1998 ---------------- ----------------- NOTIONAL FAIR NOTIONAL FAIR VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE -------- ----- -------- ------ Futures............................................ $36.7 $38.2 $ 8.2 $ 10.0 Swaps.............................................. 58.1 57.2 130.3 137.7 Basis.............................................. 4.4 5.6 10.6 13.4 Options............................................ 71.6 69.0 51.4 50.6 The Company recognized a $1.2 million loss, a $4.5 million loss and a $7.1 million gain in 1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively, related to its derivative commodity instruments. Such amounts are reflected as a component of natural gas and oil revenue. The carrying value of the Company's accounts receivable, accounts payable and long-term debt approximate fair value. AF-10 144 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 ("SFAS 133"), "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities". SFAS 133 establishes accounting and reporting standards requiring that every derivative instrument (including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts) be recorded on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at its fair value. SFAS 133 requires that changes in the derivative's fair value be recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. Special accounting for qualifying hedges allows a derivative's gains and losses to offset related results on the hedged item in the income statement. SFAS 133 is effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2000. The Company has not determined the method or quantified the effects of adopting SFAS 133 on its financial statements; however, the Company will adopt SFAS 133 effective January 1, 2001. In November 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) issued "Accounting for Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and Risk Management Activities" (EITF No. 98-10). The EITF provides guidance regarding the accounting for energy trading contracts which should be applied to financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1998. The application of EITF 98-10 will not have a significant impact on the Company's financial statements. 5. LONG-TERM DEBT In August 1999, the Company and SEH agreed to aggregate and extend to December 31, 2001 the final repayment dates of various notes payable to SEH aggregating $505.5 million. This note has an 8% annual rate of interest, payable semi-annually on January 1 and July 1 each year. During the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, the Company recorded interest expense due to SEH of $4.8 million, $23.2 million and $40.9 million. All amounts were settled as of the respective year end dates. Interest expense, in the amount of $0.5 million, $1.5 million and $1.9 million, relating to unevaluated natural gas and oil properties, has been capitalized as part of natural gas and oil properties in 1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively. 6. INCOME TAXES The provision for income taxes is as follows (in thousands): YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ----------------------- 1996 1997 1998 ---- ------- ------ Current tax expense Federal................................................... $ -- $ 1,570 $ -- State..................................................... 47 1,047 637 ---- ------- ------ Total current tax expense................................... 47 2,617 637 ---- ------- ------ Deferred tax expense (benefit) Federal................................................... 779 (3,246) 3,261 State..................................................... 130 (542) 545 ---- ------- ------ Total deferred tax expense (benefit)........................ 909 (3,788) 3,806 ---- ------- ------ Total income tax expense (benefit).......................... $956 $(1,171) $4,443 ==== ======= ====== AF-11 145 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) Deferred tax liabilities (assets) are comprised of the following (in thousands): DECEMBER 31, ------------------ 1997 1998 ------- -------- Deferred tax liabilities Excess of book basis over tax basis: Natural gas and oil properties......................... $ 4,317 $ 12,709 ------- -------- Total deferred tax liabilities.............................. 4,317 12,709 ------- -------- Deferred tax assets Net operating loss carryforwards.......................... -- (10,181) Minimum tax credit carryforwards.......................... (1,570) (1,570) Other..................................................... (5,627) (32) ------- -------- Total deferred tax assets................................... (7,197) (11,783) ------- -------- Net deferred income tax liability (asset)................... $(2,880) $ 926 ======= ======== The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income as a result of the following (in thousands): YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, -------------------------- 1996 1997 1998 ------ ------- ------- Federal income tax....................................... $1,694 $ 2,793 $ 4,476 Change in valuation allowance............................ (47) -- -- Permanent items.......................................... 1 13 17 Transfer pricing adjustment.............................. (870) (2,249) (1,232) State and local income taxes............................. 178 505 1,182 Nonconventional fuel source tax credits.................. -- (2,233) -- ------ ------- ------- Total income tax expense (benefit)....................... $ 956 $(1,171) $ 4,443 ====== ======= ======= As of December 31, 1998, the Company has available, for income tax purposes, minimum tax credit carryforwards of approximately $1.5 million, which do not expire, and net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $25.0 million, which expire in 2006 through 2018. For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, the Company made income tax payments of $0.1 million, $2.6 million and $0.6 million, respectively. 7. STOCK OPTIONS Key employees of the Company participate in a STEN sponsored incentive compensation plan under which stock options may be granted. Each option granted to an employee entitles the grantee to purchase one share of STEN common stock at a price equal to its fair market value at the date of the grant. All options generally vest over five years and expire ten years after the date of grant or 90 days after AF-12 146 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) termination of employment, whichever is earlier. Transactions involving stock options under the plan are summarized below: INCENTIVE NON- STOCK QUALIFIED OPTION PRICE OPTIONS OPTIONS TOTAL PER SHARE --------- --------- ------- ---------------- Outstanding at December 31, 1995................ 86,500 -- 86,500 $9.15 to $13.80 Granted....................................... 29,500 -- 29,500 $10.75 Canceled...................................... -- -- -- Exercised..................................... -- -- -- ------- ------ ------- Outstanding at December 31, 1996................ 116,000 -- 116,000 $9.15 to $13.80 Granted....................................... -- 33,500 33,500 $14.92 Canceled...................................... -- -- -- Exercised..................................... (5,110) -- (5,110) $9.15 ------- ------ ------- Outstanding at December 31, 1997................ 110,890 33,500 144,390 $9.15 to $14.92 Granted....................................... -- 44,350 44,350 $15.06 Canceled...................................... -- -- -- Exercised..................................... (4,000) -- (4,000) $9.15 to $10.05 ------- ------ ------- Outstanding at December 31, 1998................ 106,890 77,850 184,740 $9.15 to $15.06 ======= ====== ======= WEIGHTED AVERAGE PRICE PER SHARE ---------------- Exercisable at December 31, 1996................ 64,600 -- 64,600 $10.33 ======= ======= Exercisable at December 31, 1997................ 75,090 -- 75,090 $10.49 ======= ======= Exercisable at December 31, 1998................ 86,690 6,700 93,390 $10.87 ======= ====== ======= Management has reviewed SFAS 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation", which outlines a fair value based method of accounting for stock options or similar equity instruments and has elected to continue using the intrinsic value based method of accounting, as prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25. Accordingly, no compensation expense has been recorded in the accompanying financial statements. Net income would be $3.8 million in 1996, $9.1 million in 1997 and $8.3 million in 1998 had the Company adopted the fair value based accounting model set forth in SFAS 123. Under the fair value based method, the weighted average fair values of options granted during 1996, 1997 and 1998 were $2.88, $4.00 and $4.04, respectively. The fair value of stock options were calculated using the minimum value method with the following weighted average assumptions for grants in 1996, 1997 and 1998: risk free interest rate of 6.25%; no expected dividend yield; and an expected option life of five years. The fair value of stock options included in the pro forma results for 1996, 1997 and 1998 are not necessarily indicative of future effects on net income. 8. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Accounts receivable with related party consists of accrued natural gas sales to SES. AF-13 147 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) Intercompany liabilities consist of the following (in thousands): DECEMBER 31, ------------------- 1997 1998 -------- -------- STEN........................................................ $(14,858) $(81,773) SES, receivable in 1998..................................... (7,502) 39,580 ESEC........................................................ (15,474) (9,781) -------- -------- $(37,834) $(51,974) ======== ======== The intercompany activity with STEN consists of amounts due for payroll-related costs, fixed asset additions, corporate taxes, interest payments to SEH on behalf of the Company and other cash transactions to and from STEN. The intercompany activity with SES relates to marketing of natural gas to SES and fees for risk management services provided to the Company. Eastern States Exploration Company ("ESEC") is a wholly-owned subsidiary of SEH engaged in natural gas and oil exploration and production in Pennsylvania. The intercompany payable to ESEC consists primarily of amounts due for drilling expenditures, certain operating costs and other transactions related to cash management activities. See Note 5 for debt and interest transactions between the Company and SEH. 9. PROFIT SHARING PLAN Substantially all full-time employees of the Company participate in a STEN sponsored profit sharing plan that includes an employee savings feature under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Participants can elect to defer up to 15% of their total compensation through contributions to the plan and STEN matches 50% of employee contributions up to 6% of an employee's total compensation. Effective January 1, 1997, the vesting schedule for STEN's contributions was shortened from seven to five years. For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, charges to income for the Company's share of contributions to the plan aggregated $0.02 million, $0.10 million, and $0.20 million, respectively. STEN also made supplemental contributions, a portion of which benefited Company participants, for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997 in the amounts of $0.15 million and $0.30 million, respectively. 10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES The Company leases facilities and operating equipment from third parties under operating lease arrangements, certain of which contain renewal or purchase options. Total charges to income for rent expense aggregated $0.4 million in 1996, $0.9 million in 1997 and $1.8 million in 1998. Future minimum lease commitments under operating leases in each of the five years subsequent to December 31, 1998 are $1.1 million in 1999, $1.0 million in 2000, $0.9 million in 2001, $0.8 million in 2002, $0.8 million in 2003 and $3.0 million thereafter. The Company has employment agreements with two of its executive officers that provide for severance payments and accelerated vesting of options upon termination of employment under certain circumstances. The Company's maximum contingent obligation for severance payments under these agreements in such event was approximately $1.4 million at December 31, 1998. The Company is involved in various legal actions and claims arising in the normal course of business. Based upon its current assessment of the facts, and the law, management does not believe that the outcome of any such action or claim will have a material adverse effect upon the consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Company. However, these actions against the Company are subject to the uncertainties inherent in any litigation. AF-14 148 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) 11. MONETIZATION OF SECTION 29 TAX CREDITS In 1997, the Company entered into a transaction with a financial institution under which it monetized $43 million of future Section 29 credits related to its working interests in approximately 1,500 gross wells. In consideration, the Company received a production payment and a note which entitles it to all of the cash flow from the properties until approximately 95% of the expected, pre-tax net present value of the presently projected future production from the properties has been received, which is expected to occur in the year 2018. In addition to the note and production payment, the Company received a fixed cash payment at closing of $7.9 million (recorded as a reduction to the book value of oil and gas properties) and will receive quarterly payments equal to a specified percentage of the Section 29 tax credits generated from the properties through 2002. The Company also retained a reversionary interest in the properties pursuant to which 100% of the interests in the properties transferred will revert to the Company when 100% of currently projected future production from the properties has been realized. Based on current law, Section 29 tax credits will be available until December 31, 2002. The Company has the option to repurchase the properties after December 31, 2002 at the fair market value of the properties at the time of repurchase less the value of the outstanding note and production payment and the value of the reversionary interest. The Company has also entered into a management services agreement with the buyer pursuant to which the Company will manage and operate the properties on behalf of the buyer. 12. SUBSEQUENT EVENT On October 13, 1999, The Statoil Group -- Norway ("Statoil") announced plans to seek a buyer for its U.S. natural gas and electric power production and marketing unit, Statoil Energy, Inc. ("STEN") in connection with a corporate restructuring process. The Statoil Group has announced its intentions to market STEN as an integrated enterprise consisting of STEN's subsidiaries, including Eastern States, involved in gas production, power production, energy marketing and energy trading. However, the Statoil Group may determine that the sale of individual assets or divisions, including Eastern States, is more appropriate. If such a sale of Statoil Energy or Eastern States occurs, no assurance can be given that it will not adversely affect the Company. In addition, an employee retention program has been implemented which will extend through the first anniversary of the sale date. 13. RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) Costs incurred in the Company's natural gas and oil operations, including internal capitalization allocations, were as follows (in thousands): YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ---------------------------- 1996 1997 1998 ------- -------- ------- Exploration............................................ $ 1,956 $ 3,932 $ 2,772 Development............................................ 13,535 22,743 69,667 Acquisitions Natural gas and oil properties....................... 33,115 534,198 8,403 Gathering systems.................................... 7,665 32,937 -- Production costs, net of service fees.................. 2,414 6,866 10,089 ------- -------- ------- $58,685 $600,676 $90,931 ======= ======== ======= Depreciation, depletion and amortization relating to natural gas and oil operations for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997, and 1998 was $4.7 million, $18.9 million, and $30.6 million, respectively. Internal costs capitalized for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 were $3.0 million, $7.1 million and $14.9 million, respectively. AF-15 149 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) 13. RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) -- (CONTINUED) The following tables set forth information with respect to the Company's estimated proved natural gas and oil reserves, all of which are located in the continental United States. The information has been reviewed by Ryder Scott Company, L.P., an independent petroleum engineering firm, as of December 31, 1998. The table of proved natural gas and oil reserves represents estimated quantities of natural gas, oil and natural gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. The proved reserves are further classified as developed and undeveloped. The reserves described below and the related standardized measures of discounted net cash flows are estimates only and do not purport to reflect realizable values or fair market values of the Company's reserves. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise. Substantial revisions to existing reserve estimates occur periodically due to additional production history from each well, current-year drilling activity and other new geologic or reserve characteristic information that may be discovered each year. The Company's estimates of proved developed and undeveloped reserves of natural gas (99% in 1998) and oil (1% in 1998) expressed in millions of cubic feet equivalents (MMcfe) as of December 31, 1996, 1997, 1998, and the change in its proved reserves are as follows: YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ------------------------------- 1996 1997 1998 ------- --------- --------- Proved developed and undeveloped reserves Beginning of year.................................. 82,656 176,673 1,025,315 Production......................................... (6,825) (24,192) (38,514) Revisions of previous estimates.................... 5,801 (5,521) 150 Acquisitions of reserves in place.................. 64,732 913,104 1,293 Disposition of reserves in place................... (5,336) (51,144) (22,356) Extensions, discoveries and other revisions........ 35,645 16,395 95,850 ------- --------- --------- End of year........................................ 176,673 1,025,315 1,061,738 ======= ========= ========= Proved developed reserves at end of year............. 129,749 715,664 709,305 ======= ========= ========= Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows (in thousands) DECEMBER 31, ----------------------------------- 1996 1997 1998 --------- ---------- ---------- Future cash flows................................ $ 649,856 $2,670,246 $2,901,515 Future development costs......................... (28,428) (175,215) (195,499) Future production costs.......................... (125,680) (554,171) (548,361) Future income tax expense........................ (155,599) (547,697) (632,829) --------- ---------- ---------- Future net cash flows............................ 340,149 1,393,163 1,524,826 Discount at 10% per annum for timing of cash flows.......................................... (203,974) (873,454) (986,425) --------- ---------- ---------- Discounted future net cash flows................. $ 136,175 $ 519,709 $ 538,401 ========= ========== ========== AF-16 150 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) 13. RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) -- (CONTINUED) YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, ------------------------------- 1996 1997 1998 -------- --------- -------- Balance, beginning of year.......................... $ 52,071 $ 136,175 $519,709 Sales, net of production costs...................... (16,337) (60,528) (77,983) Extensions and discoveries, net of production costs............................................. 47,708 13,162 72,593 Acquisitions of developed reserves in place......... 56,958 466,177 928 Acquisitions of undeveloped reserves in place....... -- 157,903 -- Disposition of reserves in place.................... (5,672) (32,184) (24,826) Change in sales prices, net of production costs..... 27,458 (68,043) 14,319 Changes in estimated future development costs....... (27) 3,731 (11,761) Previously estimated development cost incurred during the year................................... 4,500 7,410 17,617 Revisions of quantity estimates..................... (3,318) (3,376) 4,923 Accretion of discount............................... 6,331 18,333 64,406 Change in income taxes.............................. (36,975) (109,351) 6,388 Changes in production rates and other............... 3,478 (9,700) (47,912) -------- --------- -------- Balance, end of year................................ $136,175 $ 519,709 $538,401 ======== ========= ======== The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows (discounted at 10%) relating to proved natural gas and oil reserves is prescribed by SFAS Statement No. 69, "Disclosures About Oil and Gas Producing Activities." The statement requires measurement of future net cash flows through assignment of a monetary value to proved reserve quantities and changes therein using a standardized formula. The amounts shown above were developed as follows: 1. An estimate was made of the quantity of proved reserves and the future periods in which they are expected to be produced based on year-end economic conditions. 2. Year-end prices in effect for each respective year were applied to the estimated quantities of year-end reserves. Prices remained constant, except in instances where fixed and determinable gas price escalations are provided by contracts. The average prices used at December 31, 1996, 1997, and 1998 were $3.68, $2.57, and $2.71 per Mcf of natural gas and $22.50, $15.00, and $9.00 per barrel of oil, respectively. 3. The future gross cash inflows were reduced by estimated future costs of developing and producing the proved reserves and the estimated effect of future income taxes. The principal sources of changes in the standardized measure of future net cash flows are described above. AF-17 151 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (IN THOUSANDS) ASSETS DECEMBER 31, JUNE 30, 1998 1999 ------------ ----------- (AUDITED) (UNAUDITED) Current assets Accounts receivable -- related party...................... $ 28,787 $ 17,048 Accounts receivable -- trade, net......................... 7,732 7,298 Inventories............................................... 1,600 1,633 Prepaid expenses and other................................ 159 143 -------- -------- Total current assets.............................. 38,278 26,122 -------- -------- Property and equipment, net Natural gas and oil properties (full cost method)......... 559,523 563,767 Gathering systems......................................... 56,088 57,106 Other property and equipment.............................. 4,196 4,428 -------- -------- Total property and equipment...................... 619,807 625,301 -------- -------- Other assets................................................ 248 444 -------- -------- Total assets...................................... $658,333 $651,867 ======== ======== LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY Current liabilities Accounts payable.......................................... $ 21,214 $ 9,579 Accrued expenses.......................................... 1,136 991 Accrued severance and property taxes...................... 2,713 2,140 -------- -------- Total current liabilities......................... 25,063 12,710 -------- -------- Deferred income taxes....................................... 926 3,766 Long-term debt.............................................. 505,488 505,488 Intercompany liabilities.................................... 51,974 48,217 Other liabilities........................................... 1,801 2,559 Stockholder's equity Common stock ($1 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding)................................ 1 1 Additional paid-in capital................................ 51,500 51,500 Retained earnings......................................... 21,580 27,626 -------- -------- Total stockholder's equity........................ 73,081 79,127 -------- -------- Total liabilities and stockholder's equity........ $658,333 $651,867 ======== ======== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-18 152 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (IN THOUSANDS) SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, ----------------- 1998 1999 ------- ------- Revenue Natural gas and oil....................................... $50,034 $53,149 Tax credit monetization................................... 4,643 4,574 ------- ------- 54,677 57,723 ------- ------- Costs and expenses Direct operating costs.................................... 7,927 8,043 Selling, general and administrative....................... 2,249 2,868 Depreciation, depletion and amortization.................. 16,520 16,129 ------- ------- 26,696 27,040 ------- ------- Income from operations...................................... 27,981 30,683 Interest expense............................................ 19,513 21,265 ------- ------- Income before income taxes.................................. 8,468 9,418 Income tax expense.......................................... 3,112 3,372 ------- ------- Net income.................................................. $ 5,356 $ 6,046 ======= ======= The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-19 153 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (IN THOUSANDS) SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, ------------------- 1998 1999 -------- -------- Cash flows from operating activities Net income................................................ $ 5,356 $ 6,046 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation, depletion and amortization............... 16,520 16,129 Deferred income tax expense............................ 2,857 2,840 Net changes in working capital Accounts receivable.................................... 4,943 12,173 Inventories............................................ 820 (33) Prepaid expenses and other............................. (29) 16 Accounts payable and accrued expenses.................. (8,386) (12,353) -------- -------- Net cash provided by operating activities................... 22,081 24,818 -------- -------- Cash flows from investing activities Acquisition of natural gas and oil properties............. (1,695) (140) Other additions to natural gas and oil properties......... (22,207) (21,458) Disposition of natural gas and oil properties............. 23,673 -- Other..................................................... (277) 537 -------- -------- Net cash used in investing activities....................... (506) (21,061) -------- -------- Cash flows from financing activities Issuance of long-term debt................................ 1,900 -- Intercompany activity..................................... (23,475) (3,757) -------- -------- Net cash used in financing activities....................... (21,575) (3,757) -------- -------- Net change in cash and cash equivalents..................... -- -- Cash and cash equivalents Beginning of year......................................... -- -- -------- -------- End of the year........................................... $ -- $ -- ======== ======== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-20 154 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc ("Company") is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy Holding, Inc. ("SEH") and is engaged in natural gas and oil exploration and production in the states of Ohio, West Virginia and Kentucky. SEH is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Statoil Energy, Inc. ("STEN") and holds STEN's interests in various operating entities engaged in energy related activities. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions for Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 1999, the consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 1998 and 1999 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the six month periods ended June 30, 1998 and 1999 are unaudited but include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) which the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position at such dates and the operating results and cash flows for those periods. Although the Company believes that the disclosures in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, certain information normally included in financial statements and related footnotes prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. The December 31, 1998 consolidated balance sheet data included herein were derived from audited consolidated financial statements but do not include all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles. The accompanying financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 1998 and related footnotes as contained within this Form S-1. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and its proportionate share of the assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses of various oil and gas development ventures. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. 2. SUBSEQUENT EVENT On October 13, 1999, The Statoil Group -- Norway ("Statoil") announced plans to seek a buyer for its U.S. natural gas and electric power production and marketing unit, Statoil Energy, Inc. ("STEN") in connection with a corporate restructuring process. The Statoil Group has announced its intentions to market STEN as an integrated enterprise consisting of STEN's subsidiaries, including Eastern States, involved in gas production, power production, energy marketing and energy trading. However, the Statoil Group may determine that the sale of individual assets or divisions, including Eastern States, is more appropriate. If such a sale of Statoil Energy or Eastern States occurs, no assurance can be given that it will not adversely affect the Company. AF-21 155 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The accompanying Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. ("the Company") have been prepared by recording pro forma adjustments to the historical consolidated financial statements of the Company. The Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 1999 has been prepared as if the Trust Offering, as described in Note 2, was consummated on June 30, 1999. The Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 1998 and for the six months ended June 30, 1999 have been prepared as if the Trust Offering was consummated immediately prior to January 1, 1998 and January 1, 1999, respectively. The Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements are not necessarily indicative of the financial position or results of operations which would have occurred had the transactions occurred on the assumed dates. Additionally, future results may vary significantly from the results reflected in the Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statements of Operations due to normal production declines, changes in prices, future transactions and other factors. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes for the year ended December 31, 1998, included in this prospectus. AF-22 156 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET JUNE 30, 1999 ASSETS PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS (NOTE 3) ------------------------------------- TRUST TOTAL HISTORICAL OFFERING (A) PRO FORMA ---------- ------------ --------- (IN THOUSANDS) Current assets Accounts receivable -- related party...................... $ 17,048 $ 17,048 Accounts receivable -- trade, net......................... 7,298 7,298 Inventories............................................... 1,633 1,633 Prepaid expenses and other................................ 143 143 -------- --------- -------- Total current assets.............................. 26,122 26,122 -------- --------- -------- Property and equipment, net Natural gas & oil properties (full cost method)........... 563,767 $(127,911) 435,856 Gathering systems......................................... 57,106 57,106 Other property and equipment.............................. 4,428 4,428 -------- --------- -------- Total property and equipment...................... 625,301 (127,911) 497,390 -------- --------- -------- Other assets................................................ 444 444 -------- --------- -------- Total assets...................................... $651,867 $(127,911) $523,956 ======== ========= ======== LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY Current liabilities Accounts payable.......................................... $ 9,579 $ 9,579 Accrued expenses.......................................... 991 991 Accrued severance & property taxes........................ 2,140 2,140 -------- --------- -------- Total current liabilities......................... 12,710 12,710 -------- --------- -------- Deferred income taxes....................................... 3,766 3,766 Long-term debt.............................................. 505,488 $(127,911) 377,577 Intercompany liabilities.................................... 48,217 48,217 Other liabilities........................................... 2,559 2,559 Stockholder's equity Common stock ($1 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding).......................................... 1 1 Additional paid-in capital.................................. 51,500 51,500 Retained earnings........................................... 27,626 27,626 -------- --------- -------- Total stockholder's equity........................ 79,127 79,127 -------- --------- -------- Total liabilities and stockholder's equity........ $651,867 $(127,911) $523,956 ======== ========= ======== See accompanying notes to pro forma consolidated financial statements. AF-23 157 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998 PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS (NOTE 3) ------------------------------------- TRUST TOTAL HISTORICAL OFFERING (B) PRO FORMA ---------- ------------ --------- (IN THOUSANDS) Revenue Natural gas and oil....................................... $ 95,315 $(25,246) $70,069 Tax credit monetization................................... 9,355 9,355 -------- -------- ------- 104,670 (25,246) 79,424 -------- -------- ------- Costs and expenses Direct operating costs.................................... 15,950 (5,171) 10,779 Selling, general and administrative....................... 5,462 (1,653) 3,809 Depreciation, depletion and amortization.................. 31,517 (8,560) 22,957 -------- -------- ------- 52,929 (15,384) 37,545 -------- -------- ------- Income from operations...................................... 51,741 (9,862) 41,879 Interest expense............................................ 38,952 (10,233) 28,719 -------- -------- ------- Income before income taxes.................................. 12,789 371 13,160 Income tax expense.......................................... 4,443 151 4,594 -------- -------- ------- Net income.................................................. $ 8,346 $ 220 $ 8,566 ======== ======== ======= See accompanying notes to pro forma consolidated financial statements. AF-24 158 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 1999 PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS (NOTE 3) ------------------------------------- TRUST TOTAL HISTORICAL OFFERING (B) PRO FORMA ---------- ------------ --------- (IN THOUSANDS) Revenue Natural gas and oil....................................... $53,149 $(10,824) $42,325 Tax credit monetization................................... 4,574 4,574 ------- -------- ------- 57,723 (10,824) 46,899 ------- -------- ------- Costs and expenses Direct operating costs.................................... 8,043 (2,586) 5,457 Selling, general and administrative....................... 2,868 (826) 2,042 Depreciation, depletion and amortization.................. 16,129 (4,006) 12,123 ------- -------- ------- 27,040 (7,418) 19,622 ------- -------- ------- Income from operations...................................... 30,683 (3,406) 27,277 Interest expense............................................ 21,265 (5,116) 16,149 ------- -------- ------- Income before income taxes.................................. 9,418 1,710 11,128 Income tax expense.......................................... 3,372 699 4,071 ------- -------- ------- Net income.................................................. $ 6,046 $ 1,011 $ 7,057 ======= ======== ======= See accompanying notes to pro forma consolidated financial statements. AF-25 159 EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION The accompanying Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 1999 has been prepared assuming Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. ("the Company") consummated the sale of 75% of the Appalachian Natural Gas Trust (formerly the Appalachian Basin Royalty Trust) units to the public ("Trust Offering") on June 30, 1999 (Note 2). The Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 1998 and the six months ended June 30, 1999 have been prepared assuming the Company consummated the Trust Offering immediately prior to January 1, 1998 and January 1, 1999, respectively. The Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statements of Operations are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations had the above-described transactions occurred on the assumed dates. 2. APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST OFFERING The Company formed the Appalachian Natural Gas Trust in August 1999. The Company plans to sell 7,875,000, or 75%, of the Appalachian Natural Gas Trust units to the public in October or November 1999. An additional 11.25%, or 1,181,250 units, may be sold pursuant to exercise of the underwriters' overallotment option. The offering price to the public will be $20.00 per Trust unit. 3. PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS Pro Forma adjustments necessary to adjust the Consolidated Balance Sheet and Statements of Operations are as follows: (a) To record net proceeds of $127,911,000 received by the Company upon consummation of the Trust Offering, reflecting the sale of 7,875,000 Appalachian Natural Gas Trust units by the Company to the public at a price of $20.00 per unit, less underwriters' discount, hedging effects and estimated expenses. This transaction has been reflected as a reduction of natural gas and oil properties, as it has an immaterial impact on the Company's depletion rate. All proceeds from the offering will be used to repay debt to a related party. (b) To record reduction of revenue and expenses related to the sale of Appalachian Natural Gas Trust units, assuming the underwriters' overallotment option is not exercised (Note 2), the reduction in interest expense attributable to a decrease in long-term debt upon application of net proceeds of $127,911,000 from the Trust Offering (Note 3(a)) and the related change in income taxes at the Company's effective tax rate of 40.85%. Interest expense was determined using the interest rate of 8% incurred by the Company under its long-term note payable. 4. PRO FORMA SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION Estimated Quantities of Pro Forma Proved Oil and Gas Reserves Pro forma reserve estimates at June 30, 1999 are based on reports prepared by management for proved reserves of the Company, using June 30, 1999 prices and costs. Proved reserves are estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids which, based on geologic and engineering data, are estimated to be reasonably recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Proved developed reserves are those which are expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Because of inherent uncertainties and the limited nature of reservoir data, such estimates are subject to change, as additional information becomes available. AF-26 160 Pro Forma Proved Oil and Gas reserves at June 30, 1999 OIL (BBLS) GAS (MMCF) ---------- ---------- (IN THOUSANDS) Proved reserves............................................. 1,859 806,693 ===== ======= Proved developed reserves................................... 1,827 480,270 ===== ======= Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to pro Forma Proved Oil and Gas Reserves The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows ("Standardized Measure") is prepared using assumptions required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Such assumptions include the use of year-end prices for oil and gas and year-end costs for estimated future development and production expenditures to produce year-end estimated proved reserves. Discounted future net cash flows are calculated using a 10% rate. The Standardized Measure does not represent the Company's estimate of future net cash flows or the value of proved oil and gas reserves. Probable and possible reserves, which may become proved in the future, are excluded from the calculations. Furthermore, year-end prices, used to determine the standardized measure of discounted cash flows, are influenced by seasonal demand other factors and may not be the most representative in estimating future revenues or reserve data. Pro Forma Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows (in thousands) at: DECEMBER 31, JUNE 30, 1998 1999 ------------ ---------- Future cash flows........................................... $2,273,567 $1,979,654 Future production costs..................................... (423,922) (398,211) Future development costs.................................... (181,308) (180,535) ---------- ---------- Future net cash inflows before income tax................... 1,668,337 1,400,908 Future income tax expense................................... (489,314) (258,286) ---------- ---------- Future net cash flows....................................... 1,179,023 1,142,622 Discount at 10% per annum for timing of cash flows.......... (761,617) (784,108) ---------- ---------- Discounted future net cash flows............................ $ 417,406 $ 358,514 ========== ========== AF-27 161 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS Board of Directors and Stockholder Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. We have audited the accompanying consolidated income statement and cash flows for the domestic operations of Blazer Energy Corp. and subsidiary (formerly Ashland Exploration, Inc.) for the year ended September 30, 1996. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated results of domestic operations and cash flows for Blazer Energy Corp. and subsidiary for the year ended September 30, 1996, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. ERNST & YOUNG LLP Vienna, Virginia August 23, 1999 AF-28 162 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 (IN THOUSANDS) Revenues: Sales and operating revenues: Natural gas............................................ $ 94,750 Crude oil.............................................. 3,759 Columbia Gas settlement (Note 5).......................... 73,139 Other (Note 6)............................................ 1,671 -------- 173,319 -------- Cost and expenses: Operating expenses........................................ 32,642 NORM reclamation/litigation (Note 3)...................... 3,049 Depreciation, depletion and amortization (Note 1)......... 28,921 General and administrative expenses (Note 7).............. 15,658 Exploration costs, including dry holes.................... 11,204 -------- 91,474 -------- Operating income............................................ 81,845 Interest expense............................................ 195 -------- Income before income taxes.................................. 81,650 Income tax expense (Note 2)................................. 19,132 -------- Net income.................................................. $ 62,518 ======== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-29 163 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 (IN THOUSANDS) Cash flows from operating activities Net income................................................ $ 62,518 Adjustments to reconcile income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation, depletion and amortization............... 28,921 Impairment of undeveloped leaseholds................... 2,128 Deferred income taxes.................................. 4,438 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable.................................... (4,288) Inventories............................................ 300 Prepaids and other current assets...................... (766) Trade accounts payable................................. 25,840 Accrued liabilities.................................... 2,438 Other.................................................. (1,961) -------- Net cash provided by operating activities................... 119,568 -------- Cash flows from investing activities Property, plant and equipment: Additions.............................................. (45,091) Property disposals..................................... 2,149 -------- Net cash used in investing activities....................... (42,942) -------- Increase in net obligations with affiliated Companies....... $ 76,626 ======== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-30 164 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Background Blazer Energy Corp. and subsidiary (formerly Ashland Exploration, Inc.) ("Company") operated both domestic and international exploration and production activities. Immediately prior to the acquisition of the Company by a subsidiary of Statoil Energy, Inc. (see Note 10), Ashland Inc. (parent company of Blazer Energy Corp.) removed all international exploration and production operations of the Company. The accompanying financial statements reflect all domestic exploration and production operations. The Company is engaged in the exploration for and the development, production, acquisition and marketing of natural gas and oil in the United States. Consolidation The financial statements include the domestic accounts of Blazer Energy Corp. and subsidiary. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Consistent with industry practice, the Company utilizes pro rata consolidation to account for its investment in oil and gas ventures. Risk and uncertainties The preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires the Company's management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Actual results could differ from the estimates and assumptions used. Inventories Crude oil inventories are stated at current market value. Materials and supplies inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Property, plant and equipment The successful efforts method of accounting is followed for costs incurred in oil and gas exploration and development activities. Property acquisition costs and exploratory drilling costs for oil and gas properties are initially capitalized. If and when exploratory wells are determined to be nonproductive, the related costs are charged to expense. Other exploration costs, including geological, geophysical and lease rentals, are charged to expense as incurred. When a property is determined to contain proved reserves, property acquisition costs and related exploratory drilling costs are transferred to producing properties. Depreciation, depletion and amortization of producing properties are computed separately on a field basis using the units-of-production method. Significant unproved properties are periodically evaluated and provision made for impairment individually. Insignificant properties are amortized to provide for estimated impairment. Environmental Costs Accruals for environmental costs are recognized when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of that liability can be reasonably estimated. Such costs are charged to expense if they are related to the remediation of conditions caused by past operations, or are not expected to mitigate or prevent contamination from future operations. Accruals are recorded at undiscounted amounts based on AF-31 165 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) experience, assessments and current technology and are regularly adjusted as environmental assessments and remediation efforts proceed. Natural Gas Revenues Natural gas revenues generally are recorded using the sales method, whereby the Company recognizes natural gas revenues based on the amount of gas sold to purchasers on its behalf. As of September 30, 1996, the Company did not have any material gas imbalances. Crude Oil Revenues Crude oil revenue is recognized as produced. Dismantlement, Removal and Restoration Costs The estimated costs, net of salvage values, of dismantling and removing major facilities, including necessary site restoration, are accrued using the units-of-production method. In the case of facilities where such costs are not expected to be significant, the net cost is accrued when operations cease. Income Taxes The consolidated domestic provision was computed on the basis of a separate return. Hedging Activities The Company selectively uses futures contracts and swaps to reduce price volatility and lock in favorable sales prices for future production of natural gas and crude oil. Gains and losses on futures contracts and swaps are deferred until the related gas or oil production has been produced or delivered. As a result, gains and losses are generally offset by similar changes in the price of natural gas and crude oil. While these instruments are intended to reduce the Company's exposure to declines in the market price of natural gas and crude oil, they may also limit the Company's gain from increases in the market price of natural gas and crude oil. The futures contracts have settlement guaranteed by the New York Mercantile Exchange ("NYMEX") and have nominal credit risk. The swap agreements are with third parties and expose the Company to credit risk to the extent the third parties are unable to meet their monthly settlement commitment to the Company. 2. INCOME TAXES A summary of the provision for income tax expense follows: YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 -------------- (IN THOUSANDS) Current tax expense.................................... $14,694 Deferred tax expense................................... 4,438 ------- $19,132 ======= AF-32 166 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) The difference between the statutory rate and the Company's effective income tax rate is reconciled as follows: YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 -------------- (IN THOUSANDS) Income tax computed at statutory rates................. $28,578 Section 29 tax credits................................. (10,509) Adjustment to prior year's tax......................... 537 State tax, net of federal tax.......................... 137 Other.................................................. 389 ------- $19,132 ======= 3. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES The Company is subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, which require remediation efforts at multiple locations, including operating facilities and previously owned or operated facilities. Environmental reserves are subject to considerable uncertainties that affect the Company's ability to estimate its share of the ultimate costs of required remediation efforts. Such uncertainties involve the nature and extent of contamination at each site, the extent of required cleanup efforts under existing environmental regulations, widely varying costs of alternate cleanup methods, changes in environmental regulations, the potential effect of continuing improvements in remediation technology and the number and financial strength of other potentially responsible parties at multiparty sites. As a result, charges to income for environmental liabilities could have a material effect on results of operations in a particular quarter or fiscal year as assessments and remediation efforts proceed, revised estimates are made based on current information or as new remediation sites are identified. During 1996, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the state of Kentucky approved the Company's plan of reclamation (including disposal off site) of naturally occurring radioactive material ("NORM") from the Martha oil field in Kentucky. The Company's independent contractor began implementing the NORM reclamation work in September 1996. In addition to environmental matters, the Company is party to numerous claims and lawsuits. While these actions are being contested, the outcome of individual matters is not predictable with assurance. Although any actual liability is not determinable as of September 30, 1996, the Company believes that any liability resulting from these matters, after taking into consideration Ashland's insurance coverages should not have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position. 4. EMPLOYEES' PENSION AND RETIREMENT BENEFITS Ashland sponsors pension plans that cover substantially all employees, other than union employees covered by multiemployer pension plans under collective bargaining agreements. Benefits under Ashland's plans generally are based on employees' years of service and compensation during the years immediately preceding their retirement. For certain plans, such benefits are expected to come in part from one-half of employees' leveraged employee stock ownership plan ("LESOP") accounts. Ashland determines the level of contributions to the pension plans annually and contributes amounts within allowable limitations imposed by Internal Revenue Service regulations. Ashland contributed the maximum tax-deductible contributions to its pension plans during the last three years. A discount rate of 8% and an assumed rate of salary increases of 5% were used in determining the actuarial present value of projected benefit obligations at September 30, 1996. The Company's expense related to pension and the LESOP amounted to $1,512,000 in 1996. AF-33 167 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) 5. COLUMBIA GAS SETTLEMENT During 1995, the Company entered into a settlement agreement with Columbia Gas Transmission ("Columbia") to resolve claims involving natural gas sales contracts that were abrogated by Columbia in 1991. The agreement provided for a $78,500,000 payment to the Company, of which 5% was withheld by Columbia to be used to potentially satisfy the claims of nonsettling producers. The Company received the proceeds net of expenses under this agreement in 1996, which resulted in operating income of $73,139,000. In the event that any portion of the amount withheld by Columbia is not used to satisfy such nonsettling claims, the Company and Ashland have agreed that such amount will be paid to Ashland. 6. OTHER REVENUES The Company purchases third-party natural gas for resale and delivery into major interstate pipelines. Revenue from these purchases and resales were $500,000 in 1996. 7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS The Company sells natural gas production to Ashland Petroleum Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of Ashland. Sales to Ashland Petroleum Company were $2,700,000 for the fiscal year ending 1996. Certain administrative services are provided to the Company by Ashland. For these services, the Company receives an allocation of Ashland's general and administrative expenses which amounted to $2,326,000 in 1996. These services include, among others, insurance administration and certain tax and legal administrative activities. It is Ashland's policy to charge these expenses and all other central administrative costs on the basis of direct usage when identifiable. Management of the Company has determined that this method is reasonable. 8. LEASES AND OTHER COMMITMENTS The Company is a lessee in noncancelable leasing agreements for office buildings and other equipment and properties which expire at various dates. Rental expense under operating leases was $5,900,000 in 1996. Future minimum rental payments (which escalate over time) at September 30, 1996 follow (in thousands): 1997....................................................... $1,004 1998....................................................... 950 1999....................................................... 944 2000....................................................... 1,072 2001....................................................... 1,048 Thereafter................................................. 3,104 9. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES ABOUT OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES (UNAUDITED) Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Oil and Gas Reserves The following tables summarize discounted future net cash flows and changes in such flows in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Board No. 69, ("SFAS 69"), Disclosures About Oil and Gas Producing Activities. Under the guidelines of SFAS 69, estimated future cash flows are determined based on current prices for crude oil and natural gas, estimated production of proved crude oil and natural gas reserves, estimated future production and development costs of those reserves based on current costs and economic conditions and estimated future income taxes based on taxing arrangements in effect at year-end which include allocation of the full tax benefit of Section 29 tax credits. Such cash flows are then discounted using the prescribed 10% rate. AF-34 168 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) 9. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES ABOUT OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES (UNAUDITED) -- (CONTINUED) Many other assumptions could have been made which may have resulted in significantly different estimates. The Company does not rely upon these estimates in making investment and operating decisions. Furthermore, the Company does not represent that such estimates are indicative of its expected future cash flows or the current value of its reserves. Since gas prices utilized in deriving these estimates are based on conditions that existed at September 30 and are usually different than prices that exist at December 31 due to seasonal fluctuations in the natural gas market, the estimates may not be comparable to those of other companies with different fiscal years. Prices can also vary significantly at the same point in time from year to year due to a variety of factors. The average gas price used in the discounted future net cash flows calculations was based on $1.85 per MMBtu for 1996. Discounted Future Net Cash Flows SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 ------------- (IN MILLIONS) Future cash inflows.................................... $1,273 Future production (lifting) costs...................... (509) Future development costs............................... (55) Future income taxes.................................... (116) ------ 593 Annual 10% discount.................................... (304) ------ Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows................................................ $ 289 ====== ] Changes in Discounted Future Net Cash Flows YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 ------------- (IN MILLIONS) Net change due to extensions and discoveries............ $ 27 Sales of oil and gas produced -- net of production (lifting) costs............................ (85) Changes in prices....................................... 60 Previously estimated development costs incurred......... 22 Net change due to revisions of previous estimates of reserves.............................................. 4 Purchase (net of sales) of reserves in place............ 1 Accretion of 10% discount............................... 25 Other -- net(1)......................................... 10 Net change in income taxes.............................. (27) ---- 37 Discounted future net cash flows at beginning of year... 252 ---- Discounted future net cash flows at end of year......... $289 ==== - --------------- (1) Includes changes in future production and development costs and changes in the timing of future production. AF-35 169 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) 9. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES ABOUT OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES (UNAUDITED) -- (CONTINUED) Crude Oil and Natural Gas Reserves, Revenues and Costs The following tables summarize the Company's crude oil and natural gas reserves. Crude oil and natural gas reserves are reported net of royalties and interests owned by others. Reserves reported in the table are estimated and are subject to future revisions. Since October 1, 1995, no estimates of the Company's total proved net oil or gas reserves have been filed or included in reports to any federal authority or agency other than the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"). Crude oil reserves of 1.6 MMBbls at September 30, 1996 are as estimated by Netherland Sewell. Crude Oil and Natural Gas Reserves YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 ------------- Crude Oil Reserves (Mmbbls) Proved developed and undeveloped reserves: Beginning of year.................................... 1.3 Revisions of previous estimates...................... 0.4 Extensions and discoveries........................... -- Production........................................... (0.2) Net purchases of reserves in place................... 0.1 ---- End of year.......................................... 1.6 ==== Proved developed reserves at beginning of year......... 1.3 Proved developed reserves at end of year............... 1.6 YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 ------------- Natural Gas Reserves (BCF) Proved developed and undeveloped reserves: Beginning of year.................................... 507.4 Revisions of previous estimates...................... 37.6 Extensions and discoveries........................... 70.0 Production........................................... (39.7) Purchase (net of sales) of reserves in place......... 1.6 ----- End of year.......................................... 576.9 ===== Proved developed reserves at beginning of year......... 427.3 Proved developed reserves at end of year............... 477.0 Net Oil and Gas Production The following table summarizes net oil and gas production (net after royalty) for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1996. 1996 ---- Net natural gas production (MMcf per day)................... 109 Net crude oil production (Bbls per day)..................... 564 AF-36 170 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) 9. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES ABOUT OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES (UNAUDITED) -- (CONTINUED) Average Sales Price and Production Cost The Company's average sales price per unit and production cost per unit for crude oil and natural gas for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1996 is set forth in the table below. 1996 ------ Average sales prices -- natural gas (per Mcf)............... $ 2.39 Average sales prices -- crude oil (per Bbl)................. $18.22 Average production cost (per Mcfe)(1)....................... $ 0.47 - --------------- (1) Equivalents computed on a six Mcf to one Bbl ratio. Gross and Net Productive Wells The following table sets forth the Company's gross and net productive wells. SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 ------------- GROSS NET ----- ----- Productive wells -- Gas............................... 4,211 3,836 Productive wells -- Oil............................... 36 22 These wells include 317 gross wells and 279 net wells at September 30, 1996, which have multiple completions. Total Gross and Net Oil and Gas Producing and Undeveloped Acreage The Company's major interests consist of producing and nonproducing working interests located in the Appalachian and Gulf Coast areas, as well as royalty interests located primarily in the Southwest and Midcontinent areas of the United States. The following table sets forth the Company's total gross and net oil and gas producing and undeveloped acreage: GROSS NET GROSS NET PRODUCING PRODUCING UNDEVELOPED UNDEVELOPED ACREAGE ACREAGE ACREAGE ACREAGE - --------- --------- ----------- ----------- (IN THOUSANDS) 1,263 936 748 410 Net Productive and Dry Wells Drilled The Company's net productive and dry wells drilled during the fiscal year ended September 30, 1996 are set forth below. 1996 ---- Net exploratory wells drilled Net productive wells...................................... 1 Net dry wells............................................. 1 ---- Total............................................. 2 ==== Net development wells drilled: Net productive wells...................................... 79 Net dry wells............................................. -- AF-37 171 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED) 10. SUBSEQUENT EVENT On July 1, 1997, a subsidiary of Statoil Energy, Inc. ("STEN") entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement to acquire the domestic operations of Blazer Energy Corp. for a purchase price of $567.1 million. Items excluded from this transaction include the Martha Oil Field in Kentucky, including related environmental obligations, insurance policies, office facilities and leases, certain fee interests in land and any potential additional recovery related to the Columbia Gas settlement (See Note 5). Pursuant to this agreement, Ashland agreed to indemnify STEN from and against losses resulting from certain other environmental claims and litigation. AF-38 172 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 1997 (IN THOUSANDS) (UNAUDITED) ----------- Revenues: Sales and operating revenues Natural gas............................................ $90,850 Crude oil.............................................. 2,699 Other..................................................... 1,499 ------- 95,048 ------- Cost and expenses: Operating expenses........................................ 26,771 NORM reclamation/litigation (Note 2)...................... 7,525 Depreciation, depletion and amortization.................. 27,999 General and administrative expenses....................... 11,341 Exploration costs, including dry holes.................... 3,850 ------- 77,486 ------- Operating income............................................ 17,562 Interest expense............................................ 139 ------- Income before income taxes.................................. 17,423 Income tax benefit (Note 3)................................. (413) ------- Net income.................................................. $17,836 ======= The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-39 173 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 1997 (IN THOUSANDS) (UNAUDITED) ----------- Cash flows from operating activities Net income................................................ $ 17,836 Adjustments to reconcile income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation, depletion and amortization............... 27,999 Gain on sale of operations............................. (208) Deferred income taxes.................................. 6,763 Other non-cash items................................... 633 Change in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable.................................. 965 Inventories.......................................... (1,516) Prepaids and other current assets.................... (5,533) Trade accounts payable............................... (21,088) Other................................................ (5,348) -------- Net cash provided by operating activities................... 20,503 -------- Cash flows from investing activities Property, plant and equipment: Additions.............................................. (23,713) Proceeds from sale or restructuring of operations...... 1,166 Property disposals..................................... 214 -------- Net cash used in investing activities....................... (22,333) -------- Cash flows from financing activities Investment in subsidiary.................................. (11,142) Intercompany dividends.................................... (56,138) -------- Net cash used in financing activities....................... (67,280) -------- Decrease in net obligations with affiliated Companies....... $(69,110) ======== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. AF-40 174 DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF BLAZER ENERGY CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION Blazer Energy Corp. and subsidiary (formerly Ashland Exploration, Inc.) ("Company") operated both domestic and international exploration and production operations. Immediately prior to the acquisition of the Company by a subsidiary of Statoil Energy, Inc. (See Note 4), Ashland Inc. (parent company of Blazer Energy Corp.) removed all international exploration and production operations of the Company. The accompanying financial statements reflect all domestic exploration and production operations. The Company is engaged in the exploration for and the development, production, acquisition and marketing of natural gas and oil in the United States. The financial statements include only the domestic accounts of the Company and its subsidiary. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Consistent with industry practice, the Company utilizes pro rata consolidation to account for its investment in oil and gas ventures. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions for Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The consolidated income statement for the nine months ended June 30, 1997, and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine month period ended June 30, 1997, are unaudited but include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) which the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of the operating results and cash flows for this period. Although the Company believes that the disclosure in the accompanying consolidated financial statements is adequate to make the information presented not misleading, certain information normally included in financial statements and related footnotes prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. The accompanying financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the year ended September 30, 1996 and related footnotes as contained elsewhere herein. 2. NORM RECLAMATION AND RELATED LIABILITIES During 1996, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the state of Kentucky approved the Company's plan of reclamation (including disposal off site) of naturally occurring radioactive material ("NORM") from the Martha oil field in Kentucky. The Company's independent contractor began implementing the NORM reclamation work in September 1996. 3. INCOME TAXES Income tax benefit has been computed on an interim basis based on the estimated effective rate for the entire year. 4. SUBSEQUENT EVENT On July 1, 1997, a subsidiary of Statoil Energy, Inc. ("STEN") entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement to acquire the domestic operations of Blazer Energy Corp. for a purchase price of $567.1 million. Items excluded from this transaction include the Martha Oil Field in Kentucky, including related environmental obligations, insurance policies, office facilities and leases, certain fee interests in land and any potential additional recovery related to the Columbia Gas settlement. Pursuant to this agreement, Ashland agreed to indemnify STEN from and against losses resulting from certain other environmental claims and litigation. AF-41 175 EXHIBIT A [RYDER SCOTT LETTERHEAD] October 1, 1999 Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. 2800 Eisenhower Avenue, Suite 300 Alexandria, Virginia 22314 Gentlemen: At your request, we have prepared an estimate of the reserves, future production, and income attributable to certain leasehold and royalty interests of the Underlying Properties Relating to the Appalachian Natural Gas Trust as of August 31, 1999. The subject properties are located in the states of Kentucky and West Virginia. The income data were estimated using the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) guidelines for future price and cost parameters. The estimated reserves and future income amounts presented in this report are related to hydrocarbon prices. August 1999 hydrocarbon prices were used in the preparation of this report as required by SEC guidelines; however, actual future prices may vary significantly from August 1999 prices. Therefore, volumes of reserves actually recovered and amounts of income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report. The results of this study are summarized below. SEC PARAMETERS Estimated Net Reserves and Income Data Certain Leasehold and Royalty Interests of APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST (UNDERLYING PROPERTIES) As of August 31, 1999 PROVED -------------------------------------------------------------- DEVELOPED ---------------------------- PRODUCING NON-PRODUCING UNDEVELOPED TOTAL PROVED ------------ ------------- -------------- -------------- NET REMAINING RESERVES Gas -- MMCF..................... 328,993 588 436,533 766,114 Oil/Condensate -- Barrels....... 259,592 0 0 259,592 INCOME DATA Future Gross Revenue............ $909,979,004 $1,626,303 $1,218,019,967 $2,129,625,274 Deductions...................... 189,718,479 409,482 468,549,504 658,677,465 ------------ ---------- -------------- -------------- Future Net Income (FNI)......... $720,260,525 $1,216,821 $ 749,470,463 $1,470,947,809 Discounted FNI @ 10%............ $264,475,306 $ 385,862 $ 102,416,215 $ 367,277,383 Liquid hydrocarbons are expressed in standard 42 gallon barrels. All gas volumes are expressed in millions of cubic feet (MMCF) at the official temperature and pressure bases of 60 degrees Fahrenheit and 14.73 psia. XA-1 176 Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. October 1, 1999 Page 2 The future gross revenue is before the deduction of production taxes. In addition, deductions are comprised of the normal direct costs of operating the wells, recompletion costs, and development costs. Ad valorem taxes have been included with production tax calculations. The future net income is before the deduction of state and federal income taxes and general administrative overhead and does not include any adjustment for cash on hand or undistributed income. No attempt was made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulated gas production imbalances that may exist. Gas reserves account for approximately 99.8 percent and liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for the remaining 0.2 percent of total future gross revenue from proved reserves. The discounted future net income shown above was calculated using a discount rate of 10 percent per annum compounded annually. RESERVES INCLUDED IN THIS REPORT The proved reserves included herein conform to the definition as set forth in the Securities and Exchange Commission's Regulation S-X Part 210.4-10(a) as clarified by subsequent Commission Staff Accounting Bulletins. The definitions of proved reserves are included under the tab "Reserve Definitions and Pricing Assumptions" in this report. The proved developed non-producing reserves included herein are comprised of behind pipe and shut-in categories. The various reserve status categories are defined under the tab "Reserve Definitions and Pricing Assumptions" in this report. ESTIMATES OF RESERVES Reserves were estimated by decline curve analysis where sufficient production history was available. In those cases where sufficient production history was not available, analogy to offset wells was utilized. Due to the low permeability of the producing formations, other methods such as material balance and volumetric methods are inappropriate for determining reserves. The reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities. They may or may not be actually recovered, and if recovered, the revenues therefrom and the actual costs related thereto could be more or less than the estimated amounts. Moreover, estimates of reserves may increase or decrease as a result of future operations. FUTURE PRODUCTION RATES Initial production rates are based on the current producing rates for those wells now on production. Test data and other related information were used to estimate the anticipated initial production rates for those wells or locations which are not currently producing. If no production decline trend has been established, future production rates were held constant, or adjusted for the effects of curtailment where appropriate, until a decline in ability to produce was anticipated. An estimated rate of decline was then applied to depletion of the reserves. If a decline trend has been established, this trend was used as the basis for estimating future production rates. For reserves not yet on production, sales were estimated to commence at an anticipated date furnished by Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. (ESOG). The future production rates from wells now on production may be more or less than estimated because of changes in market demand or allowables set by regulatory bodies. Wells or locations which are not currently producing may start producing earlier or later than anticipated in our estimates of their future production rates. XA-2 177 Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. October 1, 1999 Page 3 HYDROCARBON PRICES ESOG furnished us with prices in effect at August 31, 1999 and these prices were held constant until depletion of the properties. In accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission guidelines, changes in liquid and gas prices subsequent to August 31, 1999 were not taken into account in this report. Future prices used in this report are discussed in more detail under the tab "Reserve Definitions and Pricing Assumptions" in this report. COSTS Operating costs furnished by ESOG were held constant throughout the life of the properties, except where changes were known and determinable. These changes include a two-tier cost structure based upon ESOG's actual operating experience and practices. ESOG's costs are directly proportional to the level of monitoring provided by field personnel. Since high rate wells are monitored more closely than low rate wells, high rate wells have been assigned a higher proportion of the average operating cost. As a well's production drops below a predetermined threshold limit (5 MCFD), field personnel reduce the level of monitoring provided to the well, reducing the well's operating costs, and establishing the two-tier structure as shown below. TIER 1 TIER 2 DISTRICT $/WELL/MO $/WELL/MO -------- --------- --------- Brenton...................................... 138 32 Madison...................................... 144 33 Weston....................................... 151 35 Pikeville.................................... 138 32 An exception to the above are all undeveloped locations which were assigned $100 per well per month until depletion of the property. Development costs were furnished to us by ESOG and are based on authorizations for expenditure for the proposed work or actual costs for similar projects. This study does not consider the salvage value of the lease equipment or the abandonment cost of the subject wells. GENERAL While it may reasonably be anticipated that the future prices received for the sale of production and the operating costs and other costs relating to such production may also increase or decrease from existing levels, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation. The estimates of reserves presented herein were based upon a detailed study of the properties in which ESOG owns an interest; however, we have not made any field examination of the properties. No consideration was given in this report to potential environmental liabilities which may exist nor were any costs included for potential liability to restore and clean up damages, if any, caused by past operating practices. ESOG has informed us that they have furnished us all of the accounts, records, geological and engineering data, and reports and other data required for this investigation. The ownership interests, prices, and other factual data furnished by ESOG were accepted without independent verification. The estimates presented in this report are based on data available through March 1999. Neither we nor any of our employees have any interest in the subject properties and neither the employment to make this study nor the compensation is contingent on our estimates of reserves and future income for the subject properties. XA-3 178 Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. October 1, 1999 Page 4 This report was prepared for the exclusive use and sole benefit of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. The data, work papers, and maps used in this report are available for examination by authorized parties in our offices. Please contact us if we can be of further service. Very truly yours, RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P. /s/ DON P. GRIFFIN -------------------- Don P. Griffin, P.E. Vice President XA-4 179 DEFINITIONS OF RESERVES PROVED RESERVES (SEC DEFINITION) Proved reserves of crude oil, condensate, natural gas, and natural gas liquids are estimated quantities that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in the future from known reservoirs under existing operating conditions, i.e., prices and costs as of the date the estimate is made. Prices include consideration of changes in existing prices provided only by contractual arrangements, but not on escalation based on future conditions. Reservoirs are considered proved if economic producibility is supported by either actual production or conclusive formation test. In certain instances, proved reserves are assigned on the basis of a combination of core analysis and electrical and other type logs which indicate the reservoirs are analogous to reservoirs in the same field which are producing or have demonstrated the ability to produce on a formation test. The area of a reservoir considered proved includes (1) that portion delineated by drilling and defined by fluid contacts, if any, and (2) the adjoining portions not yet drilled that can be reasonably judged as economically productive on the basis of available geological and engineering data. In the absence of data on fluid contacts, the lowest known structural occurrence of hydrocarbons controls the lower proved limit of the reservoir. Reserves that can be produced economically through the application of improved recovery techniques are included in the proved classification when these qualifications are met: (1) successful testing by a pilot project or the operation of an installed program in the reservoir provides support for the engineering analysis on which the project or program was based, and (2) it is reasonably certain the project will proceed. Improved recovery includes all methods for supplementing natural reservoir forces and energy, or otherwise increasing ultimate recovery from a reservoir, including (1) pressure maintenance, (2) cycling, and (3) secondary recovery in its original sense. Improved recovery also includes the enhanced recovery methods of thermal, chemical flooding, and the use of miscible and immiscible displacement fluids. Proved natural gas reserves are comprised of non-associated, associated and dissolved gas. An appropriate reduction in gas reserves has been made for the expected removal of natural gas liquids, for lease and plant fuel, and for the exclusion of non-hydrocarbon gases if they occur in significant quantities and are removed prior to sale. Estimates of proved reserves do not include crude oil, natural gas, or natural gas liquids being held in underground or surface storage. Proved reserves are estimates of hydrocarbons to be recovered from a given date forward. They may be revised as hydrocarbons are produced and additional data become available. XA-5 180 RESERVE STATUS CATEGORIES (SEC) Reserve status categories define the development and producing status of wells and/or reservoirs. PROVED DEVELOPED Proved developed oil and gas reserves are reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Additional oil and gas expected to be obtained through the application of fluid injection or other improved recovery techniques for supplementing the natural forces and mechanisms of primary recovery should be included as "proved developed reserves" only after testing by a pilot project or after the operation of an installed program has confirmed through production response that increased recovery will be achieved. Developed reserves may be subcategorized as producing or non-producing using the SPE/WPC Definitions: Producing Reserves sub-categorized as producing are expected to be recovered from completion intervals which are open and producing at the time of the estimate. Improved recovery reserves are considered producing only after the improved recovery project is in operation. Non-Producing Reserves sub-categorized as non-producing include shut-in and behind pipe reserves. Shut-in reserves are expected to be recovered from (1) completion intervals which are open at the time of the estimate but which have not started producing, (2) wells which were shut-in awaiting pipeline connections or as a result of a market interruption, or (3) wells not capable of production for mechanical reasons. Behind pipe reserves are expected to be recovered from zones in existing wells, which will require additional completion work or future recompletion prior to the start of production. PROVED UNDEVELOPED Proved undeveloped oil and gas reserves are reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Reserves on undrilled acreage shall be limited to those drilling units offsetting productive units that are reasonably certain of production when drilled. Proved reserves for other undrilled units can be claimed only where it can be demonstrated with certainty that there is continuity of production from the existing productive formation. Estimates for proved undeveloped reserves are attributable to any acreage for which an application of fluid injection or other improved technique is contemplated, only when such techniques have been proved effective by actual tests in the area and in the same reservoir. XA-6 181 HYDROCARBON PRICING PARAMETERS SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION PARAMETERS GAS ESOG furnished us with gas prices in effect at August 31, 1999 as shown below. DEVELOPED UNDEVELOPED DISTRICT $/MCF $/MCF - -------- --------- ----------- Brenton....................................... 2.756 2.803 Madison....................................... 2.515 2.562 Weston........................................ 2.917 2.964 Pikeville..................................... 2.840 2.887 Gas prices for undeveloped properties assume that incremental gathering and compression charges will be lower than developed properties due to synergies in utilizing existing gathering capacity. This results in an effective higher gas price. OIL AND CONDENSATE ESOG furnished us with oil and condensate prices in effect at August 31, 1999 of $18.75 per barrel, and these prices were held constant to depletion of the properties. In accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission guidelines, changes in liquid prices subsequent to August 31, 1999 were not considered in this report. XA-7 182 EXHIBIT B [RYDER SCOTT LETTERHEAD] October 1, 1999 Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. 2800 Eisenhower Avenue, Suite 300 Alexandria, Virginia 22314 Gentlemen: At your request, we have prepared an estimate of the reserves, future production, and income attributable to the Net Profits Interest Relating to the Appalachian Natural Gas Trust as of August 31, 1999. The subject properties are located in the states of Kentucky and West Virginia. The income data were estimated using the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) guidelines for future price and cost parameters. The estimated reserves and future income amounts presented in this report are related to hydrocarbon prices. August 1999 hydrocarbon prices were used in the preparation of this report as required by SEC guidelines; however, actual future prices may vary significantly from August 1999 prices. Therefore, volumes of reserves actually recovered and amounts of income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report. The results of this study are summarized below. SEC PARAMETERS Estimated Net Reserves and Income Data Certain Leasehold and Royalty Interests of APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST (NET PROFITS INTEREST) As of August 31, 1999 PROVED ------------------------------------------------------------ DEVELOPED ----------------------------- TOTAL PRODUCING NON-PRODUCING UNDEVELOPED PROVED ------------ ------------- ----------- ------------ NET REMAINING RESERVES Gas -- MMCF...................... 209,642 376 29,083 239,101 Oil/Condensate-Barrels........... 170,541 0 0 170,541 INCOME DATA Future Gross Revenue............. $551,317,578 $987,650 $75,944,127 $628,249,355 Deductions....................... 44,788,484 80,743 6,173,188 51,042,415 ------------ -------- ----------- ------------ Future Net Income (FNI).......... $506,529,094 $906,907 $69,770,939 $577,206,940 Discounted FNI @ 10%............. $191,692,164 $279,177 $ 8,448,469 $200,419,810 Liquid hydrocarbons are expressed in standard 42 gallon barrels. All gas volumes are expressed in millions of cubic feet (MMCF) at the official temperature and pressure bases of 60 degrees Fahrenheit and 14.73 psia. XB-1 183 Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. October 1, 1999 Page 2 The Net Profits Interest (NPI) presented herein is based upon the future net income (FNI) of the Underlying Properties with adjusted prices and costs. The results of these adjustments to the Underlying Properties are summarized below. APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST (ADJUSTED UNDERLYING PROPERTIES) As of August 31, 1999 PROVED -------------------------------------------------------------- DEVELOPED ---------------------------- TOTAL PRODUCING NON-PRODUCING UNDEVELOPED PROVED ------------ ------------- -------------- -------------- NET REMAINING RESERVES Gas -- MMCF........................ 327,741 588 436,533 764,862 Oil/Condensate -- Barrels.......... 259,486 0 0 259,486 INCOME DATA Future Gross Revenue............... $861,796,470 $1,545,534 $1,137,697,964 $2,001,039,968 Deductions......................... 228,634,858 411,901 439,988,603 669,035,362 ------------ ---------- -------------- -------------- Future Net Income (FNI)............ $633,161,612 $1,133,633 $ 697,709,361 $1,332,004,606 Discounted FNI @ 10%............... $239,615,162 $ 348,972 $ 84,484,734 $ 324,448,868 The NPI for developed and undeveloped properties has been taken as 80 percent and 10 percent of the FNI of the developed and undeveloped properties as found in the Adjusted Underlying Properties, respectively. Utilizing these fractional FNIs, equivalent net reserves and production were back-calculated assuming a royalty ownership. Therefore, no deductions other than production taxes are shown in the NPI presentation. The deductions for Adjusted Underlying Properties are comprised of production taxes and the normal direct costs of operating the wells, recompletion costs, and development costs. Ad valorem taxes have been included with production tax calculations. The future net income is before the deduction of state and federal income taxes and general administrative overhead and does not include any adjustment for cash on hand or undistributed income. No attempt was made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulated gas production imbalances that may exist. The discounted future net income shown above was calculated using a discount rate of 10 percent per annum compounded annually. RESERVES INCLUDED IN THIS REPORT The proved reserves included herein conform to the definition as set forth in the Securities and Exchange Commission's Regulation S-X Part 210.4-10(a) as clarified by subsequent Commission Staff Accounting Bulletins. The definitions of proved reserves are included under the tab "Reserve Definitions and Pricing Assumptions" in this report. The proved developed non-producing reserves included herein are comprised of behind pipe and shut-in categories. The various reserve status categories are defined under the tab "Reserve Definitions and Pricing Assumptions" in this report. ESTIMATES OF RESERVES Reserves were estimated by decline curve analysis where sufficient production history was available. In those cases where sufficient production history was not available, analogy to offset wells was utilized. Due XB-2 184 Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. October 1, 1999 Page 3 to the low permeability of the producing formations, other methods such as material balance and volumetric methods are inappropriate for determining reserves. The reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities. They may or may not be actually recovered, and if recovered, the revenues therefrom and the actual costs related thereto could be more or less than the estimated amounts. Moreover, estimates of reserves may increase or decrease as a result of future operations. FUTURE PRODUCTION RATES Initial production rates are based on the current producing rates for those wells now on production. Test data and other related information were used to estimate the anticipated initial production rates for those wells or locations which are not currently producing. If no production decline trend has been established, future production rates were held constant, or adjusted for the effects of curtailment where appropriate, until a decline in ability to produce was anticipated. An estimated rate of decline was then applied to depletion of the reserves. If a decline trend has been established, this trend was used as the basis for estimating future production rates. For reserves not yet on production, sales were estimated to commence at an anticipated date furnished by Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. (ESOG). The future production rates from wells now on production may be more or less than estimated because of changes in market demand or allowables set by regulatory bodies. Wells or locations which are not currently producing may start producing earlier or later than anticipated in our estimates of their future production rates. HYDROCARBON PRICES ESOG furnished us with prices in effect at August 31, 1999 and these prices were held constant until depletion of the properties. In accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission guidelines, changes in liquid and gas prices subsequent to August 31, 1999 were not taken into account in this report. Future prices used in this report are discussed in more detail under the tab "Reserve Definitions and Pricing Assumptions" in this report. COSTS Operating costs furnished by ESOG were held constant throughout the life of the properties, except where changes were known and determinable. These changes include a two-tier cost structure based upon ESOG's actual operating experience and practices. ESOG's costs are directly proportional to the level of monitoring provided by field personnel. Since high rate wells are monitored more closely than low rate wells, high rate wells have been assigned a higher proportion of the average operating cost. As a well's production drops below a predetermined threshold limit (5 MCFD), field personnel reduce the level of monitoring provided to the well, reducing the well's operating costs, and establishing the two-tier structure as shown below. TIER 1 TIER 2 DISTRICT $/WELL/MO $/WELL/MO - -------- --------- --------- Brenton...................................... 170 70 Madison...................................... 170 70 Weston....................................... 170 70 Pikeville.................................... 170 70 XB-3 185 Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. October 1, 1999 Page 4 Development costs were furnished to us by ESOG and are based on authorizations for expenditure for the proposed work or actual costs for similar projects. This study does not consider the salvage value of the lease equipment or the abandonment cost of the subject wells. GENERAL While it may reasonably be anticipated that the future prices received for the sale of production and the operating costs and other costs relating to such production may also increase or decrease from existing levels, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation. The estimates of reserves presented herein were based upon a detailed study of the properties in which ESOG owns an interest; however, we have not made any field examination of the properties. No consideration was given in this report to potential environmental liabilities which may exist nor were any costs included for potential liability to restore and clean up damages, if any, caused by past operating practices. ESOG has informed us that they have furnished us all of the accounts, records, geological and engineering data, and reports and other data required for this investigation. The ownership interests, prices, and other factual data furnished by ESOG were accepted without independent verification. The estimates presented in this report are based on data available through March 1999. Neither we nor any of our employees have any interest in the subject properties and neither the employment to make this study nor the compensation is contingent on our estimates of reserves and future income for the subject properties. This report was prepared for the exclusive use and sole benefit of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. The data, work papers, and maps used in this report are available for examination by authorized parties in our offices. Please contact us if we can be of further service. Very truly yours, RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P. /s/ DON P. GRIFFIN -------------------- Don P. Griffin, P.E. Vice President XB-4 186 DEFINITIONS OF RESERVES PROVED RESERVES (SEC DEFINITION) Proved reserves of crude oil, condensate, natural gas, and natural gas liquids are estimated quantities that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in the future from known reservoirs under existing operating conditions, i.e., prices and costs as of the date the estimate is made. Prices include consideration of changes in existing prices provided only by contractual arrangements, but not on escalation based on future conditions. Reservoirs are considered proved if economic producibility is supported by either actual production or conclusive formation test. In certain instances, proved reserves are assigned on the basis of a combination of core analysis and electrical and other type logs which indicate the reservoirs are analogous to reservoirs in the same field which are producing or have demonstrated the ability to produce on a formation test. The area of a reservoir considered proved includes (1) that portion delineated by drilling and defined by fluid contacts, if any, and (2) the adjoining portions not yet drilled that can be reasonably judged as economically productive on the basis of available geological and engineering data. In the absence of data on fluid contacts, the lowest known structural occurrence of hydrocarbons controls the lower proved limit of the reservoir. Reserves that can be produced economically through the application of improved recovery techniques are included in the proved classification when these qualifications are met: (1) successful testing by a pilot project or the operation of an installed program in the reservoir provides support for the engineering analysis on which the project or program was based, and (2) it is reasonably certain the project will proceed. Improved recovery includes all methods for supplementing natural reservoir forces and energy, or otherwise increasing ultimate recovery from a reservoir, including (1) pressure maintenance, (2) cycling, and (3) secondary recovery in its original sense. Improved recovery also includes the enhanced recovery methods of thermal, chemical flooding, and the use of miscible and immiscible displacement fluids. Proved natural gas reserves are comprised of non-associated, associated and dissolved gas. An appropriate reduction in gas reserves has been made for the expected removal of natural gas liquids, for lease and plant fuel, and for the exclusion of non-hydrocarbon gases if they occur in significant quantities and are removed prior to sale. Estimates of proved reserves do not include crude oil, natural gas, or natural gas liquids being held in underground or surface storage. Proved reserves are estimates of hydrocarbons to be recovered from a given date forward. They may be revised as hydrocarbons are produced and additional data become available. XB-5 187 RESERVE STATUS CATEGORIES (SEC) Reserve status categories define the development and producing status of wells and/or reservoirs. PROVED DEVELOPED Proved developed oil and gas reserves are reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Additional oil and gas expected to be obtained through the application of fluid injection or other improved recovery techniques for supplementing the natural forces and mechanisms of primary recovery should be included as "proved developed reserves" only after testing by a pilot project or after the operation of an installed program has confirmed through production response that increased recovery will be achieved. Developed reserves may be subcategorized as producing or non-producing using the SPE/WPC Definitions: Producing Reserves sub-categorized as producing are expected to be recovered from completion intervals which are open and producing at the time of the estimate. Improved recovery reserves are considered producing only after the improved recovery project is in operation. Non-Producing Reserves sub-categorized as non-producing include shut-in and behind pipe reserves. Shut-in reserves are expected to be recovered from (1) completion intervals which are open at the time of the estimate but which have not started producing, (2) wells which were shut-in awaiting pipeline connections or as a result of a market interruption, or (3) wells not capable of production for mechanical reasons. Behind pipe reserves are expected to be recovered from zones in existing wells, which will require additional completion work or future recompletion prior to the start of production. PROVED UNDEVELOPED Proved undeveloped oil and gas reserves are reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Reserves on undrilled acreage shall be limited to those drilling units offsetting productive units that are reasonably certain of production when drilled. Proved reserves for other undrilled units can be claimed only where it can be demonstrated with certainty that there is continuity of production from the existing productive formation. Estimates for proved undeveloped reserves are attributable to any acreage for which an application of fluid injection or other improved technique is contemplated, only when such techniques have been proved effective by actual tests in the area and in the same reservoir. XB-6 188 HYDROCARBON PRICING PARAMETERS SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION PARAMETERS GAS ESOG furnished us with gas prices in effect at August 31, 1999 as shown below. DISTRICT $/MCF -------- ----- Brenton..................................................... 2.619 Madison..................................................... 2.378 Weston...................................................... 2.780 Pikeville................................................... 2.703 OIL AND CONDENSATE ESOG furnished us with oil and condensate prices in effect at August 31, 1999 of $18.75 per barrel, and these prices were held constant to depletion of the properties. In accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission guidelines, changes in liquid prices subsequent to August 31, 1999 were not considered in this report. XB-7 189 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST 7,875,000 TRUST UNITS --------------------- PROSPECTUS , 1999 --------------------- LEHMAN BROTHERS SALOMON SMITH BARNEY PAINEWEBBER INCORPORATED CIBC WORLD MARKETS CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON DAIN RAUSCHER WESSELS A DIVISION OF DAIN RAUSCHER INCORPORATED DONALDSON, LUFKIN & JENRETTE A.G. EDWARDS & SONS, INC. MCDONALD INVESTMENTS INC. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 190 PART II INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS All capitalized terms used and not defined in Part II of this Registration Statement shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Prospectus forming a part of this Registration Statement. ITEM 13. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION. Except for the Registration Fee and the NASD Filing Fee, the following itemized table sets forth estimates of those expenses payable by Eastern States in connection with the offer and sale of the securities offered hereby: Registration Fee............................................ $ 52,871 NASD Filing Fee............................................. 19,519 NYSE Listing Fee............................................ 103,850 Printing and Engraving Expenses............................. * Legal Fees and Expenses..................................... * Accountants' Fees and Expenses.............................. * Trustee's Fees and Expenses................................. * Blue Sky Fees............................................... * Miscellaneous Fees and Expenses............................. * -------- Total............................................. ======== - --------------- * To be filed by amendment ITEM 14. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS. Section 7 of the Trust Agreement provides that the trustee will be indemnified by Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc., a Delaware corporation, against any and all liability and expenses incurred by it individually or as trustee in the administration of the trust and the trust estate, except for any liability or expense resulting from willful misconduct, bad faith or gross negligence. Subsection (a) of Section 145 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware ("DGCL") empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. Subsection (b) of Section 145 empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person acted in any of the capacities set forth above, against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, except that no indemnification may be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper. II-1 191 Section 145 further provides that to the extent a director or officer of a corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in subsections (a) and (b) of Section 145 or in the defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, he shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection therewith; that indemnification provided for by Section 145 shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which the indemnified party may be entitled; that indemnification provided by Section 145 shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of such person's heirs, executors and administrators; and empowers the corporation to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of a director or officer of the corporation against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify him against such liabilities under Section 145. Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL provides that a certificate of incorporation may contain a provision eliminating or limiting the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, provided that such provisions may not eliminate or limit the liability of a director (1) for any breach of the director's duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (2) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (3) under Section 174 (relating to liability for unauthorized acquisitions or redemptions of, or dividends on, capital stock) of the DGCL or (4) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. Article VII of Eastern States' Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation contains such a provision. Section 8.07 of Eastern States' Amended and Restated Bylaws further provides that: "(a) The Corporation shall indemnify a director or officer of the Corporation who is or was a party to any proceeding by reason of the fact that he is or was such a director or officer or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other profit or non-profit enterprise against all liabilities and expenses incurred in the proceeding to the maximum extent permissible under applicable law. (b) To the maximum extent permissible under applicable law, the Corporation shall make advances and reimbursements for expenses incurred by a director or officer in a proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking from him to repay the same if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled to indemnification. Such undertaking shall be an unlimited, unsecured general obligation of the director or officer and shall be accepted without reference to his ability to make repayment. The Executive Committee is hereby designated as an appropriate committee to authorize such advances/reimbursements. (c) The Board of Directors is hereby empowered, by majority vote of a quorum of disinterested directors, to cause the Corporation to indemnify or contract in advance to indemnify any other employee or agent of the Corporation not specified in subsection (a) of this Section 8.07 who was or is a party to any proceeding, by reason of the fact that he is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other profit or non-profit enterprise, to the same extent as if such person was specified as one to whom indemnification is granted in subsection (a). (d) The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance to indemnify it against the whole or any portion of the liability assumed by it in accordance with this Section 8.07 and may also procure insurance, in such amounts as the Board of Directors may determine, on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against or incurred by such person in any such capacity or arising from his status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have power to indemnify him against such liability under the provisions of this Section 8.07. II-2 192 (e) In the event there has been a change in the composition of a majority of the Board of Directors after the date of an alleged act or omission with respect to which indemnification is claimed, any determination as to indemnification and advancement of expenses with respect to any claim for indemnification made pursuant to subsection (a) of this Section 8.07 shall be made by special legal counsel agreed upon by the Board of Directors and the proposed indemnitee. If the Board of Directors and the proposed indemnitee are unable to agree upon such special legal counsel, the Board of Directors and the proposed indemnitee each shall select a nominee, and the nominees shall select such special legal counsel. (f) The provisions of this Section 8.07 shall be applicable to all actions, claims, suits or proceedings commenced after the adoption hereof, whether arising from any action taken or failure to act before or after such adoption. No amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 8.07 shall diminish the rights provided hereby or diminish the right to indemnification with respect to any claim, issue or matter in any then pending or subsequent proceeding that is based in any material respect on any alleged action or failure to act prior to such amendment, modification or repeal. (g) Reference herein to directors, officers, employees or agents shall include former directors, officers, employees and agents and their respective heirs, executors and administrators. (h) If any provision or provisions of this Section 8.07 shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (i) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Section 8.07 (including, without limitation, all portions of Section 8.07 containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and (ii) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Section 8.07 (including, without limitation, all portions of Section 8.07 containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable." In addition, Eastern States and certain other persons may be entitled under agreements entered into with agents or underwriters to indemnification by such agents or underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, or to contribution with respect to payments which Eastern States or such persons may be required to make in respect thereof. The above discussion of Eastern States' Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Amended and Restated Bylaws and Sections 145 and 102(b)(7) of the DGCL is not intended to be exhaustive and is qualified in its entirety by such Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Amended and Restated Bylaws and statutes. Additionally, Eastern States has acquired directors' and officers' insurance in the amount of $10 million. ITEM 15. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES. None ITEM 16. EXHIBITS. EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION ------- ----------- ** 1.1 -- Form of Underwriting Agreement. * 3.1 -- Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. * 3.2 -- Amended and Restated Bylaws of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. * 4.1.1 -- Certificate of Trust. ** 4.1.2 -- Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Trust filed October 8, 1999. ** 4.2 -- Appalachian Natural Gas Trust -- Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of October 4, 1999. II-3 193 EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION ------- ----------- ** 4.3 -- Appalachian Natural Gas Trust -- Form of Amended and Restated Trust Agreement. ** 5.1 -- Opinion of Richards, Layton & Fingers, P.A. as to the legality of the securities offered hereby. ** 8.1 -- Form of Opinion of Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. regarding federal income tax matters. ** 8.2 -- Form of Opinion of Goodwin & Goodwin regarding West Virginia state tax matters. ** 8.3 -- Form of Opinion of Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease, LLP regarding Kentucky state tax matters. **10.1 -- Form of Net Overriding Royalty Conveyance. *10.2 -- Amended and Restated Incentive Compensation Plan of Statoil Energy, Inc. *10.3.1 -- Employee Shareholders Agreement dated May 31, 1995 by and among Statoil Energy, Inc. and the signatories thereto who hold Statoil Energy, Inc. common stock and/or options to purchase common stock. *10.3.2 -- First Amendment to Employee Shareholders Agreement dated June 6, 1997 by and among Statoil Energy and the signatories thereto who hold Statoil Energy common stock and/or options to purchase common stock. *10.3.3 -- Second Amendment to Employee Shareholders Agreement dated May 19, 1998 by and among Statoil Energy and the signatories thereto who hold Statoil common stock and/or options to purchase common stock. *10.4 -- Promissory Note dated August 10, 1999 made by Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. to Statoil Energy Holdings, Inc. for the principal sum of $505,488,085. *10.5.1 -- Employment Agreement between Clifton A. Brown and Statoil Energy effective February 1, 1999. *10.5.2 -- Employment Agreement between Stevens V. Gillespie and Statoil Energy effective February 1, 1999. **10.6 -- Gas Purchase Contract between Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. and CNG Energy Services Corporation dated November 1, 1997. **10.7 -- Gas Purchase Contract between Statoil Energy, Inc. and CNG Producing Company dated August 1, 1998. **10.8 -- Natural Gas Sales Agreement between Eastern Energy Marketing, Inc. and Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. dated October 23, 1996. *21.1 -- Subsidiaries of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. **23.1 -- Consent of Ernst & Young LLP dated October 13, 1999. **23.2 -- Consent of Richards, Layton & Fingers, P.A. (included in the opinion filed as Exhibit 5.1). **23.3 -- Form of Consent of Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. (included in the opinion filed as Exhibit 8.1). **23.4 -- Consent of Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Petroleum Engineers dated October 13, 1999. **23.5 -- Form of Consent of Goodwin & Goodwin (included in the opinion filed as Exhibit 8.2). **23.6 -- Form of Consent of Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease LLP (included in the opinion filed as Exhibit 8.3). *24.1 -- Power of attorney. *27.1 -- Financial Data Schedule relating to Appalachian Natural Gas Trust. *27.2 -- Financial Data Schedule relating to Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. - --------------- * Previously filed. ** Filed herewith. II-4 194 ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS. The registrants hereby undertake: (a) To provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser. (b) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrants pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed a part of this Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective. (c) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of each of the registrants pursuant to the provisions described in Item 14 above or otherwise, each registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by Eastern States of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of each of the registrants in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, each registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. II-5 195 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Alexandria, State of Virginia, on October 14, 1999. EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC. By: /s/ CLIFTON A. BROWN ---------------------------------- Name: Clifton A. Brown Title: President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Alexandria, State of Virginia, on October 14, 1999. APPALACHIAN NATURAL GAS TRUST By: EASTERN STATES OIL & GAS, INC., as sponsor By: /s/ CLIFTON A. BROWN ---------------------------------- Name: Clifton A. Brown Title: President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated. SIGNATURE TITLE DATE --------- ----- ---- /s/ CLIFTON A. BROWN President and Chief Executive October 14, 1999 - ----------------------------------------------------- Officer (Principal Executive Clifton A. Brown Officer) /s/ STEVENS V. GILLESPIE Senior Vice President, Chief October 14, 1999 - ----------------------------------------------------- Financial Officer and Stevens V. Gillespie Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) * Director October 14, 1999 - ----------------------------------------------------- David A. Dresner * Director October 14, 1999 - ----------------------------------------------------- Kristian B. Hausken II-6 196 SIGNATURE TITLE DATE --------- ----- ---- * Director October 14, 1999 - ----------------------------------------------------- Jon A. Jacobsen * Director October 14, 1999 - ----------------------------------------------------- Thor Otto Lohne * Director October 14, 1999 - ----------------------------------------------------- Johan Nic Vold *By /s/ CLIFTON A. BROWN ------------------------------------------------- Clifton A. Brown Attorney-in-Fact II-7 197 EXHIBIT INDEX ITEM 16. EXHIBITS. EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION ------- ----------- ** 1.1 -- Form of Underwriting Agreement. * 3.1 -- Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. * 3.2 -- Amended and Restated Bylaws of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. * 4.1.1 -- Certificate of Trust. ** 4.1.2 -- Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Trust filed October 8, 1999. ** 4.2 -- Appalachian Natural Gas Trust -- Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of October 4, 1999. ** 4.3 -- Appalachian Natural Gas Trust -- Form of Amended and Restated Trust Agreement. ** 5.1 -- Opinion of Richards, Layton & Fingers, P.A. as to the legality of the securities offered hereby. ** 8.1 -- Form of Opinion of Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. regarding federal income tax matters. ** 8.2 -- Form of Opinion of Goodwin & Goodwin regarding West Virginia state tax matters. ** 8.3 -- Form of Opinion of Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease, LLP regarding Kentucky state tax matters. **10.1 -- Form of Net Overriding Royalty Conveyance. *10.2 -- Amended and Restated Incentive Compensation Plan of Statoil Energy, Inc. *10.3.1 -- Employee Shareholders Agreement dated May 31, 1995 by and among Statoil Energy, Inc. and the signatories thereto who hold Statoil Energy, Inc. common stock and/or options to purchase common stock. *10.3.2 -- First Amendment to Employee Shareholders Agreement dated June 6, 1997 by and among Statoil Energy and the signatories thereto who hold Statoil Energy common stock and/or options to purchase common stock. *10.3.3 -- Second Amendment to Employee Shareholders Agreement dated May 19, 1998 by and among Statoil Energy and the signatories thereto who hold Statoil common stock and/or options to purchase common stock. *10.4 -- Promissory Note dated August 10, 1999 made by Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. to Statoil Energy Holdings, Inc. for the principal sum of $505,488,085. *10.5.1 -- Employment Agreement between Clifton A. Brown and Statoil Energy effective February 1, 1999. *10.5.2 -- Employment Agreement between Stevens V. Gillespie and Statoil Energy effective February 1, 1999. **10.6 -- Gas Purchase Contract between Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. and CNG Energy Services Corporation dated November 1, 1997. **10.7 -- Gas Purchase Contract between Statoil Energy, Inc. and CNG Producing Company dated August 1, 1998. **10.8 -- Natural Gas Sales Agreement between Eastern Energy Marketing, Inc. and Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. dated October 23, 1996. *21.1 -- Subsidiaries of Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. **23.1 -- Consent of Ernst & Young LLP dated October 13, 1999. **23.2 -- Consent of Richards, Layton & Fingers, P.A. (included in the opinion filed as Exhibit 5.1). II-8 198 EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION ------- ----------- **23.3 -- Form of Consent of Andrews & Kurth L.L.P. (included in the opinion filed as Exhibit 8.1). **23.4 -- Consent of Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Petroleum Engineers dated October 13, 1999. **23.5 -- Form of Consent of Goodwin & Goodwin (included in the opinion filed as Exhibit 8.2). **23.6 -- Form of Consent of Vorys, Sater, Seymour and Pease LLP (included in the opinion filed as Exhibit 8.3). *24.1 -- Power of attorney. *27.1 -- Financial Data Schedule relating to Appalachian Natural Gas Trust. *27.2 -- Financial Data Schedule relating to Eastern States Oil & Gas, Inc. - --------------- * Previously filed. ** Filed herewith. II-9