Exhibit 3.2(i)(i)




     
                                     BY-LAWS
                                       OF
                             CHECKMART OF UTAH, INC.
                              (a Utah corporation)

                                    ARTICLE I
                                  Shareholders
                                  ------------

               SECTION 1.  Annual Meetings.  The annual meeting of
                           ---------------
     shareholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of
     such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be
     held each year at such date and time, within or without the State of
     Utah, as the Board of Directors shall determine.

               SECTION 2.  Special Meetings.  Special meetings of
                           ----------------
     shareholders for the transaction of such business as may properly come
     before the meeting may be called by order of the Board of Directors or
     by shareholders holding together at least ten percent of all the
     shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting, and shall
     be held at such date and time, within or without the State of Utah, as
     may be specified by such order.  Whenever the order shall fail to fix
     such place, the meeting shall be held at the principal executive
     office of the Corporation.

               SECTION 3.  Notice of Meetings.  Written notice of all
                           ------------------
     meetings of the shareholders, stating the place, date and time of the
     meeting and the place within the city or other municipality or
     community at which the list of shareholders may be examined, shall be
     mailed or delivered to each shareholder not less than 10 nor more than
     60 days prior to the meeting.  Notice of any special meeting shall
     state in general terms the purpose or purposes for which the meeting
     is to be held.  

               SECTION 4.  Shareholder Lists.  After fixing a record date
                           -----------------
     for a shareholders' meeting, the officer who has charge of the share
     ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make a complete list of
     the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged (by voting
     group) in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each
     shareholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each
     shareholder.  Such list shall be







     

     open to the examination of any shareholder, for any purpose germane to
     the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to
     be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting,
     or, if not so specified, at the corporation's principal office.  The
     list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the
     meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any
     shareholder who is present.

               The share ledger shall be the only evidence as to who are
     the shareholders entitled to examine the share ledger, the list
     required by this section or the books of the Corporation, or to vote
     in person or by proxy at any meeting of shareholders.

               SECTION 5.  Quorum.  Except as otherwise provided by law or
                           ------
     the Corporation's Articles of Incorporation, a quorum for the
     transaction of business at any meeting of shareholders shall consist
     of the holders of record of a majority of the issued and outstanding
     shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting, present in
     person or by proxy.  At all meetings of the shareholders at which a
     quorum is present, all matters, except as otherwise provided by law or
     the Articles of Incorporation, shall be decided by the vote of the
     holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote thereat present
     in person or by proxy.  If there be no such quorum, the holders of a
     majority of such shares so present or represented may adjourn the
     meeting from time to time, without further notice, until a quorum
     shall have been obtained.  When a quorum is once present it is not
     broken by the subsequent withdrawal of any shareholder.

               SECTION 6.  Organization.  Meetings of shareholders shall be
                           ------------
     presided over by the Chairman, if any, or if none or in the Chairman's
     absence the Vice-Chairman, if any, or if none or in the Vice-
     Chairman's absence the President, if any, or if none or in the
     President's absence a Vice-President, or, if none of the foregoing is
     present, by a chairman to be chosen by the shareholders entitled to
     vote who are present in person or by proxy at the meeting.  The
     Secretary of the Corporation, or in the Secretary's absence an
     Assistant Secretary, shall act as secretary of every meeting, but if
     neither the Secretary nor an Assistant Secretary is present, the
     presiding officer of the meeting shall appoint any person present to
     act as secretary of the meeting.

               SECTION 7. Voting; Proxies; Required Vote.  
                          ------------------------------
     (a)  At each meeting of shareholders, every shareholder shall be
     entitled to vote in person or by proxy appointed by instrument in
     writing, subscribed by such shareholder or by such shareholder's





     

     duly authorized attorney-in-fact (but no such proxy shall be voted or
     acted upon after 11 months from its date, unless the proxy provides
     for a longer period), and, unless the Articles of Incorporation
     provides otherwise, shall have one vote for each share entitled to
     vote registered in the name of such shareholder on the books of the
     Corporation on the applicable record date fixed pursuant to these
     By-laws.  At all elections of directors the voting may but need not be
     by ballot and a plurality of the votes cast there shall elect.  Except
     as otherwise required by law or the Articles of Incorporation, any
     other action shall be authorized by a majority of the votes cast.

               (b)  Any action required or permitted to be taken at any
     meeting of shareholders may, except as otherwise required by law or
     the Articles of Incorporation, be taken without a meeting, without
     prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting
     forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of record of
     the issued and outstanding shares of the Corporation having a majority
     of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a
     meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and
     voted, and the writing or writings are filed with the permanent
     records of the Corporation.  Prompt notice of the taking of corporate
     action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall
     be given to those shareholders who have not consented in writing.

               [(c)  Where a separate vote by a class or classes, present
     in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled
     to vote on that matter, the affirmative vote of the majority of shares
     of such class or classes present in person or represented by proxy at
     the meeting shall be the act of such class, unless otherwise provided
     in the Corporation's Articles of Incorporation.]

               SECTION 8.  Inspectors.  The Board of Directors, in advance
                           ----------
     of any meeting, may, but need not, appoint one or more inspectors of
     election to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof.  If an
     inspector or inspectors are not so appointed, the person presiding at
     the meeting may, but need not, appoint one or more inspectors.  In
     case any person who may be appointed as an inspector fails to appear
     or act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the directors
     in advance of the meeting or at the meeting by the person presiding
     thereat.  Each inspector, if any, before entering upon the discharge
     of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to
     execute the duties of inspector at such meeting with strict
     impartiality and according to the best of his ability.  The
     inspectors, if any, shall determine the number of shares outstanding
     and the voting power







     

     of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a
     quorum, and the validity and effect of proxies, and shall receive
     votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all challenges and
     questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and
     tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, determine the result, and do
     such acts as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness
     to all shareholders.  On request of the person presiding at the
     meeting, the inspector or inspectors, if any, shall make a report in
     writing of any challenge, question or matter determined by such
     inspector or inspectors and execute a certificate of any fact found by
     such inspector or inspectors.


                                    ARTICLE II 

                               Board of Directors
                               ------------------
               SECTION 1.  General Powers.  The business, property and
                           --------------
     affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by, or under the direction
     of, the Board of Directors.

               SECTION 2.  Qualification; Number; Term; Remuneration.  (a) 
                           -----------------------------------------
     Each director shall be at a natural person least 18 years of age.  A
     director need not be a shareholder, or a resident of the State of
     Utah.  The number of directors constituting the entire Board shall be
     at least two and no more than six, or such larger number as may be
     fixed from time to time by action of the shareholders or Board of
     Directors, one of whom may be selected by the Board of Directors to be
     its Chairman.  The use of the phrase "entire Board" herein refers to
     the total number of directors which the Corporation would have if
     there were no vacancies.

               (b)  Directors who are elected at an annual meeting of
     shareholders, and directors who are elected in the interim to fill
     vacancies and newly created directorships, shall hold office until the
     next annual meeting of shareholders and until their successors are
     elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation or removal.

               (c)  Directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of
     attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors and may be paid a
     fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors or
     a stated salary as director.  No such payment shall preclude any
     director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and
     receiving compensation therefor.  Members of special







     

     or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for attending
     committee meetings.

               SECTION 3.  Quorum and Manner of Voting.  Except as
                           ---------------------------
     otherwise provided by law, a majority of the entire Board shall
     constitute a quorum.  A majority of the directors present, whether or
     not a quorum is present, may adjourn a meeting from time to time to
     another time and place without notice.  The vote of the majority of
     the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall
     be the act of the Board of Directors.  

               SECTION 4.  Places of Meetings.  Meetings of the Board of
                           ------------------
     Directors may be held at any place within or without the State of
     Utah, as may from time to time be fixed by resolution of the Board of
     Directors, or as may be specified in the notice of meeting.

               SECTION 5.  Annual Meeting.  Following the annual meeting of
                           --------------
     shareholders, the newly elected Board of Directors shall meet for the
     purpose of the election of officers and the transaction of such other
     business as may properly come before the meeting.  Such meeting may be
     held without notice immediately after the annual meeting of
     shareholders at the same place at which such shareholders' meeting is
     held.

               SECTION 6.  Regular Meetings.  Regular meetings of the Board
                           ----------------
     of Directors shall be held at such times and places as the Board of
     Directors shall from time to time by resolution determine.  Notice
     need not be given of regular meetings of the Board of Directors held
     at times and places fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.

               SECTION 7.  Special Meetings.  Special meetings of the Board
                           ----------------
     of Directors shall be held whenever called by the Chairman of the
     Board, President or by a majority of the directors then in office.

               SECTION 8.  Notice of Meetings.  A notice of the place, date
                           ------------------
     and time of each meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given to
     each director at least two days before the special meeting. 

               SECTION 9.  Organization.  At all meetings of the Board of
                           ------------
     Directors, the Chairman, if any, or if none or in the Chairman's
     absence or inability to act the President, or in the President's
     absence or inability to act any Vice-President who is a member of the
     Board of Directors, or in such Vice-President's absence or inability
     to act a chairman chosen by the directors,





     

     shall preside.  The Secretary of the Corporation shall act as
     secretary at all meetings of the Board of Directors when present, and,
     in the Secretary's absence, the presiding officer may appoint any
     person to act as secretary.

               SECTION 10.  Resignation.  Any director may resign at any
                            -----------
     time upon written notice to the Corporation and such resignation shall
     take effect upon receipt thereof by the Corporation, unless otherwise
     specified in the resignation.  Any or all of the directors may be
     removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the
     shares outstanding and entitled to vote for the election of directors. 
     A Director may be removed by the shareholders only at a meeting called
     for the purpose of removing the Director and the meeting notice must
     state that the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the meeting is
     removal of the Director.

               SECTION 11.  Vacancies.  Unless otherwise provided in these
                            ---------
     By-laws or the Articles of Incorporation, vacancies on the Board of
     Directors, whether caused by resignation, death, disqualification,
     removal, an increase in the authorized number of directors or
     otherwise, may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the
     remaining directors, although less than a quorum, or by a sole
     remaining director, or at a special meeting of the shareholders, by
     the holders of shares entitled to vote for the election of directors.

               SECTION 12.  Action by Written Consent.  Any action required
                            -------------------------
     or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors may
     be taken without a meeting if all the directors consent thereto in
     writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of
     proceedings of the Board of Directors.


                                  ARTICLE III 

                                   Committees
                                   ----------
               SECTION 1.  Appointment.  From time to time the Board of
                           -----------
     Directors by a resolution adopted by a majority of the entire Board
     may appoint any committee or committees composed of two or more
     members for any purpose or purposes, to the extent lawful, which shall
     have powers as shall be determined and specified by the Board of
     Directors in the resolution of appointment.
      
               SECTION 2.  Procedures, Quorum and Manner of Acting.  Each
                           ---------------------------------------
     committee shall fix its own rules of procedure, and shall meet where
     and as provided by such rules or by resolution of the





     

     Board of Directors.  Except as otherwise provided by law, the presence
     of a majority of the then appointed members of a committee shall
     constitute a quorum for the transaction of business by that committee,
     and in every case where a quorum is present the affirmative vote of a
     majority of the members of the committee present shall be the act of
     the committee.  Each committee shall keep minutes of its proceedings,
     and actions taken by a committee shall be reported to the Board of
     Directors.

               SECTION 3.  Action by Written Consent.  Any action required
                           -------------------------
     or permitted to be taken at any meeting of any committee of the Board
     of Directors may be taken without a meeting if all the members of the
     committee consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are
     filed with the minutes of proceedings of the committee.

               SECTION 4.  Term; Termination.  In the event any person
                           -----------------
     shall cease to be a director of the Corporation, such person shall
     simultaneously therewith cease to be a member of any committee
     appointed by the Board of Directors.


                                   ARTICLE IV 

                                    Officers
                                    --------
               SECTION 1.  Election and Qualifications.  The Board of
                           ---------------------------
     Directors shall elect the officers of the Corporation, which shall
     include a President and a Secretary, and may include, by election or
     appointment, one or more Vice-Presidents (any one or more of whom may
     be given an additional designation of rank or function), a Treasurer
     and such assistant secretaries, such Assistant Treasurers and such
     other officers as the Board may from time to time deem proper.  Each
     officer shall have such powers and duties as may be prescribed by
     these By-laws and as may be assigned by the Board of Directors or the
     President.  Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

               SECTION 2.  Term of Office and Remuneration.  The term of
                           -------------------------------
     office of all officers shall be one year and until their respective
     successors have been elected and qualified, but any officer may be
     removed from office, either with or without cause, at any time by the
     Board of Directors.  Any vacancy in any office arising from any cause
     may be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by the Board of
     Directors.  The remuneration of all officers of the Corporation may be
     fixed by the Board of Directors or in such manner as the Board of
     Directors shall provide.





     

               SECTION 3.  Resignation; Removal.  Any officer may resign at
                           --------------------
     any time upon written notice to the Corporation and such resignation
     shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the Corporation, unless
     otherwise specified in the resignation.  Any officer shall be subject
     to removal, with or without cause, at any time by vote of a majority
     of the entire Board.

               SECTION 4.  Chairman of the Board.  The Chairman of the
                           ---------------------
     Board of Directors, if there be one, shall preside at all meetings of
     the Board of Directors and shall have such other powers and duties as
     may from time to time be assigned by the Board of Directors. 

               SECTION 5.  President and Chief Executive Officer.  The
                           -------------------------------------
     President shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation, and
     shall have such duties as customarily pertain to that office.  The
     President shall have general management and supervision of the
     property, business and affairs of the Corporation and over its other
     officers; may appoint and remove assistant officers and other agents
     and employees; and may execute and deliver in the name of the
     Corporation powers of attorney, contracts, bonds and other obligations
     and instruments.

               SECTION 6.  Vice-President.  A Vice-President may execute
                           --------------
     and deliver in the name of the Corporation contracts and other
     obligations and instruments pertaining to the regular course of the
     duties of said office, and shall have such other authority as from
     time to time may be assigned by the Board of Directors or the
     President.

               SECTION 7.  Treasurer.  The Treasurer shall in general have
                           ---------
     all duties incident to the position of Treasurer and such other duties
     as may be assigned by the Board of Directors or the President.

               SECTION 8.  Secretary.  The Secretary shall in general have
                           ---------
     all the duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other
     duties as may be assigned by the Board of Directors or the President.

               SECTION 9.  Assistant Officers.  Any assistant officer shall
                           ------------------
     have such powers and duties of the officer such assistant officer
     assists as such officer or the Board of Directors shall from time to
     time prescribe.





     

                                    ARTICLE V

                                Books and Records
                                -----------------

               SECTION 1.  Location.  The books and records of the
                           --------
     Corporation may be kept at such place or places within or outside the
     State of Utah as the Board of Directors or the respective officers in
     charge thereof may from time to time determine.  The record books
     containing the names and addresses of all shareholders, the number and
     class of shares held by each and the dates when they respectively
     became the owners of record thereof shall be kept by the Secretary as
     prescribed in the By-laws and by such officer or agent as shall be
     designated by the Board of Directors. 

               A corporation shall keep a copy of the following records at
     its principal office: its articles of incorporation currently in
     effect; its bylaws currently in effect; the minutes of all
     shareholders' meetings, and records of all action taken by
     shareholders without a meeting, for the past three years; all written
     communications within the past three years to shareholders as a group
     or to the holders of any class or series of shares as a group a list
     of the names and business addresses of its current officers and
     directors; its most recent annual report; and all financial statements
     prepared for periods ending during the last three years.

               SECTION 2.  Addresses of Shareholders.  Notices of meetings
                           -------------------------
     and all other corporate notices may be delivered personally or mailed
     to each shareholder at the shareholder's address as it appears on the
     records of the Corporation.

               SECTION 3.  Fixing Date for Determination of Shareholders of
                           ------------------------------------------------
     Record.  (a)  In order that the Corporation may determine the
     ------
     shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of
     shareholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may
     fix a record date which record date shall not be more than 70 nor less
     than 10 days before the date of such meeting.  If no record date is
     fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining
     shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of
     shareholders shall be at the close of business on the day preceding
     the day on which notice is first given, or, if notice is waived, at
     the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the
     meeting is held.  A determination of shareholders of record entitled
     to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders shall apply to
     any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of
     Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting,








     

     which it must do if the new record date is more than 120 days after
     the date fixed for the original meeting.

               (b)  In order that the Corporation may determine the
     shareholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing
     without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which
     record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution
     fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors and which
     date shall not be more than 10 days after the date upon which the
     resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of
     Directors.  If no record date has been fixed by the Board of
     Directors, the record date for determining shareholders entitled to
     consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no
     prior action by the Board of Directors is required, shall be the first
     date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken
     or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to
     its registered office in this State, its principal place of business,
     or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book
     in which proceedings of meetings of shareholders are recorded. 
     Delivery made to the Corporation's registered office shall be by hand
     or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested.  If no
     record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action
     by the Board of Directors is required by this chapter, the record date
     for determining shareholders entitled to consent to corporate action
     in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the
     day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such
     prior action.

               (c)  In order that the Corporation may determine the
     shareholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other
     distribution or allotment of any rights or the shareholders entitled
     to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or
     exchange of shares, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the
     Board of Directors may fix a record date which record date shall be
     not more than 70 days prior to such action.  If no record date is
     fixed, the record date for determining shareholders for any such pur-
     pose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board
     of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.


                                   ARTICLE VI 

                        Certificates Representing Shares
                        --------------------------------
               SECTION 1.  Certificates; Signatures.  The shares of the
                           ------------------------
     Corporation may but need not be represented by certificates. 





     

     The Board of Directors of the Corporation may provide by resolution or
     resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its
     shares shall be uncertificated shares.  Any such resolution shall not
     apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is
     surrendered to the Corporation.  Every holder of shares represented by
     certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate, signed by or in
     the name of the Corporation by the Chairman or Vice-Chairman of the
     Board of Directors, or the President or Vice-President, and by the
     Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant
     Secretary of the Corporation, representing the number of shares
     registered in certificate form.  Any and all signatures on any such
     certificate may be facsimiles if the certificate is countersigned by a
     transfer agent or registered by a registrar.  In case any officer,
     transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile
     signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be
     such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is
     issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if
     he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of
     issue.  The name of the holder of record of the shares represented
     thereby, with the number of such shares and the date of issue, shall
     be entered on the books of the Corporation.

               SECTION 2.  Transfers of Shares.  Upon compliance with
                           -------------------
     provisions restricting the transfer or registration of transfer of
     shares, if any, shares shall be transferable on the books of the
     Corporation only by the holder of record thereof in person, or by duly
     authorized attorney, upon surrender and cancellation of certificates
     for a like number of shares, properly endorsed, and the payment of all
     taxes due thereon.

               SECTION 3.  Fractional Shares.  The Corporation may, but
                           -----------------
     shall not be required to, issue certificates for fractions of a share
     where necessary to effect authorized transactions, or the Corporation
     may pay in cash the fair value of fractions of a share as of the time
     when those entitled to receive such fractions are determined, or it
     may issue scrip in registered or bearer form over the manual or
     facsimile signature of an officer of the Corporation or of its agent,
     exchangeable as therein provided for full shares, but such scrip shall
     not entitle the holder to any rights of a shareholder except as
     therein provided.

               The Board of Directors shall have power and authority to
     make all such rules and regulations as it may deem expedient
     concerning the issue, transfer and registration of certificates
     representing shares of the Corporation.





     

               SECTION 4.  Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates.  The
                           --------------------------------------
      Corporation may issue a new certificate of shares in place of any
     certificate, theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost,
     stolen or destroyed, and the Board of Directors may require the owner
     of any lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his legal
     representative, to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify
     the Corporation against any claim that may be made against it on
     account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such
     certificate or the issuance of any such new certificate.


                                   ARTICLE VII

                                    Dividends
                                    ---------
               Subject always to the provisions of law and the Articles of
     Incorporation, the Board of Directors shall have full power to
     determine whether any, and, if any, what part of any, funds legally
     available for the payment of dividends shall be declared as dividends
     and paid to shareholders; the division of the whole or any part of
     such funds of the Corporation shall rest wholly within the lawful dis-
     cretion of the Board of Directors, and it shall not be required at any
     time, against such discretion, to divide or pay any part of such funds
     among or to the shareholders as dividends or otherwise; and before
     payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of
     the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board
     of Directors from time to time, in its absolute discretion, thinks
     proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equal-
     izing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the
     Corporation, or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall
     think conducive to the interest of the Corporation, and the Board of
     Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in
     which it was created.


                                  ARTICLE VIII

                                  Ratification
                                  ------------
               Any transaction, questioned in any law suit on the ground of
     lack of authority, defective or irregular execution, adverse interest
     of director, officer or shareholder, non-disclosure, miscomputation,
     or the application of improper principles or practices of accounting,
     may be ratified before or after judgment, by the Board of Directors or
     by the shareholders, and if so ratified shall have the same force and
     effect as if the





     

     questioned transaction had been originally duly authorized.  Such
     ratification shall be binding upon the Corporation and its
     shareholders and shall constitute a bar to any claim or execution of
     any judgment in respect of such questioned transaction.


                                   ARTICLE IX

                                 Corporate Seal
                                 --------------
               The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of
     the Corporation and the year of its incorporation, and shall be in
     such form and contain such other words and/or figures as the Board of
     Directors shall determine.  The corporate seal may be used by
     printing, engraving, lithographing, stamping or otherwise making,
     placing or affixing, or causing to be printed, engraved, lithographed,
     stamped or otherwise made, placed or affixed, upon any paper or
     document, by any process whatsoever, an impression, facsimile or other
     reproduction of said corporate seal.


                                    ARTICLE X

                                   Fiscal Year
                                   -----------
               The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed, and shall
     be subject to change, by the Board of Directors.  Unless otherwise
     fixed by the Board of Directors, the fiscal year of the Corporation
     shall be the calendar year.
      

                                   ARTICLE XI

                                Waiver of Notice
                                ----------------
               Whenever notice is required to be given by these By-laws or
     by the Articles of Incorporation or by law, a written waiver thereof,
     signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether
     before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to
     notice.




     



                                   ARTICLE XII

                     Bank Accounts, Drafts, Contracts, Etc.
                     --------------------------------------
               SECTION 1.  Bank Accounts and Drafts.  In addition to such
                           ------------------------
     bank accounts as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, the
     primary financial officer or any person designated by said primary
     financial officer, whether or not an employee of the Corporation, may
     authorize such bank accounts to be opened or maintained in the name
     and on behalf of the Corporation as he may deem necessary or
     appropriate, payments from such bank accounts to be made upon and
     according to the check of the Corporation in accordance with the
     written instructions of said primary financial officer, or other
     person so designated by the Treasurer.

               SECTION 2.  Contracts.  The Board of Directors may authorize
                           ---------
     any person or persons, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation,
     to enter into or execute and deliver any and all deeds, bonds,
     mortgages, contracts and other obligations or instruments, and such
     authority may be general or confined to specific instances.

               SECTION 3.  Proxies; Powers of Attorney; Other Instruments. 
                           ---------------------------------- -----------
     The Chairman, the President or any other person designated by either
     of them shall have the power and authority to execute and deliver
     proxies, powers of attorney and other instruments on behalf of the
     Corporation in connection with the rights and powers incident to the
     ownership of shares by the Corporation.  The Chairman, the President
     or any other person authorized by proxy or power of attorney executed
     and delivered by either of them on behalf of the Corporation may
     attend and vote at any meeting of shareholders of any company in which
     the Corporation may hold shares, and may exercise on behalf of the
     Corporation any and all of the rights and powers incident to the
     ownership of such shares at any such meeting, or otherwise as
     specified in the proxy or power of attorney so authorizing any such
     person.  The Board of Directors, from time to time, may confer like
     powers upon any other person.

               SECTION 4.  Financial Reports.  The Board of Directors may
                           -----------------
     appoint the primary financial officer or other fiscal officer [and/or
     the Secretary] [or any other officer] to cause to be prepared and
     furnished to shareholders entitled thereto any special financial
     notice and/or financial statement, as the case may be, which may be
     required by any provision of law.






     


                                  ARTICLE XIII

                                 Indemnification
                                 ---------------
               The Corporation shall indemnify, to the full extent
     permitted by the Utah Business Corporation Act, as amended from time
     to time, all persons whom it is permitted to indemnify pursuant
     thereto.

                                   ARTICLE XIV

                                   Amendments
                                   ----------
               The Board of Directors shall have power to adopt, amend or
     repeal By-laws.  By-laws adopted by the Board of Directors may be
     repealed or changed, and new By-laws made, by the shareholders, and
     the shareholders may prescribe that any By-law made by them shall not
     be altered, amended or repealed by the Board of Directors. 





     NYFS06...:\47\41847\0008\1710\EXHD126P.200