EXHIBIT 99.5

FORM OF GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

Guidelines for Determining the Proper Identification Number to Give the
Payer--Social Security Numbers have nine digits separated by two hyphens: i.e.,
000-00-0000. Employer Identification Numbers have nine digits separated by only
one hyphen: i.e., 00-0000000. The table below will help determine the type of
number to give the Payer.

- --------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------
For this type of account : Give the For this type of account:
SOCIAL SECURITY
number of--
- --------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------

1. An individual's account The individual 8. Sole proprietorship account
2. Two or more individuals (joint The actual owner of the 9. A valid trust, estate or pension
account) account or, if combined trust
funds, the first individual on
the account (1)

3. Husband and wife (joint The actual owner of the 10. Corporate account
account) account or, if joint funds,
either person (1)
4. Custodian account of a minor The minor (2) 11. Religious, charitable, or
(Uniform Gift to Minors Act) educational organization account
5. Adult and minor (joint account) The adult or, if the minor is 12. Partnership account held in the
the only contributor, the name of the business
minor (1)
6. Account in the name of The ward, minor, or 13. Association, club, or other tax-
guardian or committee for a incompetent person (3) exempt organization
designated ward, minor,
or incompetent person
7. a. The usual revocable saving The grantor-trustee (1) 14. A broker or registered nominee
trust account (grantor is also
trustee)
b. So-called trust account that is The actual owner (1) 15. Account with the Department of
not a legal or valid trust Agriculture in the name of a
under State law public entity (such as a State or
local government, school district,
or prison) that receives
agricultural program payments
- --------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
For this type of account : Give the EMPLOYER
IDENTIFICATION
number of--
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. An individual's account The owner (4)
2. Two or more individuals (joint The legal entity (Do not
account) furnish the identifying number
of the personal representative
or trustee unless the legal
entity itself is not designated in
the account title) (5)
3. Husband and wife (joint The corporation
account)

4. Custodian account of a minor The organization
(Uniform Gift to Minors Act)
5. Adult and minor (joint account) The partnership

6. Account in the name of The organization
guardian or committee for a
designated ward, minor,
or incompetent person
7. a. The usual revocable saving The broker or nominee
trust account (grantor is also
trustee)
b. So-called trust account that is The public entity
not a legal or valid trust
under State law

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1) List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish. If
only one person on a joint account has a Social Security Number, that
person's number must be furnished.
(2) Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security number.
(3) Circle the ward's, minor's or incompetent person's name and furnish such
person's social security number.
(4) You must show your individual name, but you may also enter your business or
"doing business" name. You may use either your Social Security Number or
Employer Identification Number.
(5) List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate, or pension trust.

Note: If no name is circled when there is more than one name, the number will
be considered to be that of the first name listed.

GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

Page 2
Obtaining a Number

If you do not have a taxpayer identification number or if you do not know your
number, obtain Form SS-5, Application for Social Security Number Card, or Form
SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, at the local office of
the Social Security Administration or the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS")
and apply for a number.

Payees specifically exempted from backup withholding on ALL payments by brokers
include the following:

. A corporation.
. A financial institution.
. An organization exempt from a tax under Section 501(a), or an individual
retirement plan or a custodial account under Section 403(b)(7) if the
account satisfies the requirements of Section 401(F)(2).
. The United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof.
. A State, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States, or
any subdivision or instrumentality thereof.
. A foreign government, a political subdivision of a foreign government, or
any agency or instrumentality thereof.
. An international organization or any agency or instrumentality thereof.
. A registered dealer in securities or commodities registered in the U.S. or
a possession of the U.S.
. A real estate investment trust.
. A common trust fund operated by a bank under Section 584(a).
. An entity registered at all times under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
. A foreign central bank of issue.
. A futures commission merchant registered with the Commodity Futures
Trading Commission.
. A person registered under the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 who
regularly acts as a broker.

Payments of dividends and patronage dividends not generally subject to backup
withholding include the following:

. Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under Section 1441.
. Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the U.S.
and which have at least one nonresident alien partner.
. Payments of patronage dividends where the amount received is not paid in
money.
. Payments made by certain foreign organizations.
. Payments made to a nominee.

Payments of interest not generally subject to backup withholding include the
following:

. Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals. Note: You may
be subject to backup withholding if this interest is $600 or more and is
paid in the course of the Payer's trade or business and you have not
provided your correct taxpayer identification number to the Payer.
. Payments of tax-exempt interest (including exempt-interest dividends under
Section 852).
. Payments described in Section 6049(b)(5) to nonresident aliens.
. Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under Section 1451.
. Payments made by certain foreign organizations.
. Payments made to a nominee.

Exempt Payees described above should file Form W-9 to avoid possible erroneous
backup withholding. FILE THIS FORM WITH THE PAYER, FURNISH YOUR TAXPAYER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, CHECK "EXEMPT" IN PART II OF THE FORM, SIGN AND DATE THE
FORM AND RETURN IT TO THE PAYER.

Certain payments other than interest, dividends, and patronage dividends, which
are not subject to information reporting are also not subject to backup
withholding. For details, see the regulations under Section 6041, 6041(A),
6045, 6050A and 6050N.

Privacy Act Notice.--Section 6109 requires most recipients of dividend,
interest, or other payments to give taxpayer identification numbers to payers
who must report the payments to IRS. IRS uses the numbers for identification
purposes. Payers must be given the numbers whether or not recipients are
required to file tax returns. Payers must generally withhold up to 31% of
taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a Payee who does not
furnish a taxpayer identification number to a Payer. Certain penalties may also
apply.

Penalties

(1) Penalty for Failure to Furnish Taxpayer Identification Number.--If you fail
to furnish your taxpayer identification number to a Payer, you are subject to a
penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to reasonable
cause and not to willful neglect.
(2) Civil Penalty for False Information With Respect to Withholding.--If you
make a false statement with no reasonable basis that results in no imposition
of backup withholding, you are subject to a penalty of $500.
(3) Criminal Penalty for Falsifying Information.--Willfully falsifying
certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including
fines and/or imprisonment.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE
SERVICE.