Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
Northern Trust Corporation is a bank holding company organized in 1971 to
acquire all of the outstanding stock of The Northern Trust Company (Bank), an
Illinois banking corporation located in the Chicago financial district.
Northern Trust Corporation also owns three other banks in the Chicago
metropolitan area, a bank each in Florida, Arizona, California and Texas, and
various other nonbank subsidiaries, including a securities brokerage firm and a
futures commission merchant. Although the operations of other subsidiaries will
be of increasing significance, the Corporation expects that the Bank will
continue to be the major source of the Corporation's assets, revenues and net
income in the foreseeable future.
All references to the Corporation refer to Northern Trust Corporation and its
subsidiaries on a consolidated basis unless indicated otherwise.
The following discussion is presented here in order to provide an
understanding of the financial statements and other statistical data presented
in this report.
Results of Operations
Net income for 1993 totaled a record $167.9 million, a 12% increase from the
$149.5 million earned in 1992 which in turn was 17% greater than the $127.4
million earned in 1991.
On a fully diluted basis, net income per common share was also up 12% to
$2.95 in 1993. This compares with net income per common share of $2.64 in 1992
and $2.27 for 1991.
The record 1993 net income performance produced a return on average common
stockholders' equity of 17.9% compared with 18.7% in 1992 and 19.0% in 1991.
The return on average assets was 1.07% in 1993 compared with 1.11% in 1992
and 1.05% in 1991.
The productivity ratio, defined as noninterest income plus net interest
income on a taxable equivalent basis before the provision for credit losses,
divided by noninterest expenses, remained unchanged at 146% in 1993, 1992 and
1991.
1993 marks the sixth consecutive year of record earnings. Trust fees reached
a new high surpassing the $400 million mark for the first time, while trust
assets under administration once again reflected good growth and reached $477
billion at December 31, 1993, up 16% from 1992. Record net interest income,
strong foreign exchange trading profits and a lower provision for credit losses
also contributed to the year's performance. This revenue growth combined with
controlled increases in noninterest expenses resulted in record profits.
The Corporation's planning process continues to emphasize quality,
productivity, effective resource allocation and reduction or elimination of
marginal nonstrategic activities. With these objectives in mind, expense growth
and capital expenditures are closely monitored to ensure that the Corporation's
short- and long-term business strategies are effectively supported.
Primarily through the retention of earnings, total stockholders' equity grew
to $1.2 billion versus $1.0 billion at December 31, 1992 and $820.7 million at
December 31, 1991.
The Board of Directors increased the quarterly dividend per common share
18.9% in November 1993, to $.22 from $.185, for a new annual rate of $.88. This
is the seventh consecutive year in which the dividend rate has been increased,
and reflects the Corporation's policy of increasing the dividend rate with
increased profitability while retaining sufficient earnings to allow for
strategic expansion and the maintenance of a strong balance sheet.
summary of selected financial data
( In Millions Except per
Share Amounts ) 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Interest Income $ 329.3 $ 311.2 $ 281.9 $ 249.3 $ 237.4 $ 232.3
Provision for Credit
Losses 19.5 29.5 31.0 14.0 16.0 20.0
Noninterest Income 552.4 509.4 412.8 369.3 332.1 308.4
Noninterest Expenses 628.2 584.6 500.1 464.9 428.6 389.3
Provision for Income
Taxes 66.1 57.0 36.2 24.3 11.7 22.1
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
net income $ 167.9 $ 149.5 $ 127.4 $ 115.4 $ 113.2 $ 109.3
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income Applicable to
Common Stock $ 161.6 $ 142.7 $ 121.4 $ 109.2 $ 105.8 $ 102.1
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
per common share
Net Income - Primary $ 2.96 $ 2.64 $ 2.29 $ 2.06 $ 2.08 $ 2.21
- - Fully Diluted 2.95 2.64 2.27 2.05 2.01 2.13
Dividends Declared 0.77 1/2 0.66 1/2 0.58 0.52 0.43 2/3 0.35 1/3
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average Total Assets $15,700.2 $13,418.0 $12,182.5 $11,682.1 $10,521.9 $9,133.0
Senior Medium-Term Notes
at Year-End 817.0 312.0 2.0 -- -- --
Notes Payable at Year-
End 326.8 233.2 264.1 171.6 240.8 175.0
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
24 northern trust corporation
noninterest income. The success of the Corporation's strategy of maintaining a
diverse revenue base is evidenced by the fact that noninterest income
represents 60% of its total taxable equivalent revenue. Noninterest income
totaled $552.4 million in 1993, $509.4 million in 1992 and $412.8 million in
1991.
trust fees. Trust fees, representing 73% of total noninterest income and 44%
of total taxable equivalent revenue in 1993, increased 10% to $404.8 million
from $368.4 million in 1992 which was up 22% from $303.1 million in 1991. Trust
fees have increased at a compound growth rate of 14% for the last five years.
The January 1992 acquisition of trust assets from Trust Services of America,
Inc. (TSA) increased 1992 trust fees by approximately $20.5 million. Excluding
the effect of the acquisition, 1992 trust fees increased 15% over 1991.
Fees are based on the market value of assets administered, portfolio
purchases and sales, income collection transactions and other services
rendered. Asset-based fees are typically determined on a sliding scale so that
as the value of a client portfolio grows in size, the Corporation receives a
smaller percentage of the increasing value as fee income. Therefore, market
value or other incremental changes in a portfolio's size do not necessarily
have a proportionate impact on the level of trust fees. In addition to fees,
certain trust-related activities result in deposits, primarily interest-
bearing, which are maintained with the Corporation's bank subsidiaries and
foreign branches. These deposits averaged $2.8 billion in 1993 and $2.1 billion
in 1992.
The Corporation's trust business encompasses Master Trust/Master Custody and
investment management services for corporate and institutional asset pools as
well as a complete range of estate planning, fiduciary, and asset management
services for individuals. Fees from these highly focused services are fairly
evenly distributed between the Corporation's two trust business units,
Corporate Financial Services (CFS) and Personal Financial Services (PFS). A
discussion of the activities of each of these business units follows.
Corporate Financial Services. At December 31, 1993 trust assets under
administration for CFS totaled $426.5 billion, an increase of 17% from $364.9
billion a year ago. Trust fees for CFS increased 12% in 1993 to $195.0 million
from $173.8 million in 1992 which was up 14% from $152.7 million in 1991. This
increase, principally in Master Trust/Master Custody services, primarily
reflects growth in business from new and existing clients.
The Corporation continues to be a leading provider of Master Trust/Master
Custody services in various market segments. These market segments are
principally large U.S. corporate, public funds, taxable and international asset
pools. The major products offered include custody, investment manage- ment and
information delivery services. CFS also includes a correspondent trust market
segment which provides custody, systems and investment services to smaller bank
trust departments.
Assets under administration in the large U.S. corporate market segment
totaled $179.6 billion at December 31, 1993 compared with $154.7 billion a year
ago. The majority of these assets are held by defined benefit plans. Although
there is a growing trend by corporations toward establishing defined
contribution plans, defined benefit plans continue to represent a significant
portion of U.S. pension assets.
Much of the new growth in retirement assets is expected to be from defined
contribution plans of U.S. corporations. The Corporation believes that it is
positioned to benefit from this trend given its long-term relationships with
corporate sponsors and its family of institutional mutual funds. To broaden the
services provided and to more effectively address the needs of the defined
contribution market, the Corporation signed a definitive agreement in December
1993 to acquire Hazlehurst & Associates, Inc., a privately-held retirement
benefit plan services company for $22.5 million in Northern Trust common stock.
The company is based in Atlanta, Georgia, with an office in Seattle.
Hazlehurst's well established capabilities in retirement plan design,
participant record keeping, actuarial and consulting services will complement
the Corporation's custody, fiduciary and investment management capabilities in
this strategically important market. The agreement is subject to the approval
of Hazlehurst shareholders and to regulatory approval and is expected to close
in the second quarter of 1994.
consolidated trust assets under administration
Percent Five-Year
December 31 Change Compound
----------------------------------------------------------- --------- Growth
Rate
( Amounts in Billions ) 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1993/92
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Corporate $ 46.6 $ 41.7 $ 36.0 $ 38.7* $ 27.0 $ 17.6 12% 21%
Personal 30.5 27.9 22.7 19.2 18.2 15.4 9 15
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total managed trust assets $ 77.1 $ 69.6 $ 58.7 $ 57.9 $ 45.2 $ 33.0 11% 19%
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Corporate $379.9 $323.2 $287.8* $206.1 $194.0 $139.4 18% 22%
Personal 19.5 18.9 14.8 12.7 11.9 10.4 3 13
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total non-managed trust assets $399.4 $342.1 $302.6 $218.8 $205.9 $149.8 17% 22%
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total trust assets under
administration $476.5 $411.7 $361.3 $276.7 $251.1 $182.8 16% 21%
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Includes a temporary placement of $7.5 billion of managed assets over year-
end 1990; converted to non-managed in 1991.
northern trust corporation 25
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations ( continued )
Growth in the public funds market segment has been driven by increased
funding of plans by state and local public entities and the use of specialized
service providers as reporting requirements and investment strategies have
become more complex. Although this market segment tends to be the most price
sensitive, the Corporation's investments in technology have allowed it to
compete effectively on the basis of both cost and quality of service to the
client. At December 31, 1993, $77.3 billion of assets were under
administration, an increase of 24% from $62.1 billion at December 31, 1992.
The taxable market segment, which includes insurance companies, foundations
and endowments, provides attractive growth opportunities for the Corporation's
trust and banking services. The insurance industry continues to consolidate its
relationships with providers who can meet their full range of banking and
custody needs. The Corporation seeks to maintain an array of products and
services, a strong capital position, and systems capabilities that position it
to increase its share of this market. The Corporation is a leading provider of
custody services to foundations and endowments. Five of the largest ten
foundations are clients as are many of the largest endowment funds in the
country. Assets under administration at December 31, 1993 increased 15% to
$80.2 billion from $70.0 billion at December 31, 1992.
The international market segment, which handles the custody needs of clients
domiciled outside of the U.S., has had the highest rate of growth for the last
two years when measured in terms of assets under administration. At December
31, 1993 assets under administration totaled $31.9 billion, up 37% from $23.3
billion at year-end 1992, which in turn was up 25% over the previous year-end.
The Corporation maintains the required systems capabilities and sub-custodial
network necessary to capitalize on the growth opportunities presented by the
development of worldwide financial markets. The Corporation has consistently
been recognized as one of the industry's highest quality providers in this
area. In four of the last six annual worldwide surveys of investment managers
on global custodial performance by Global Investor Magazine, the Corporation
has been ranked first among approximately 15 firms that were rated each year.
Servicing the correspondent trust market segment is an important element of
the Corporation's trust strategy. As technology has become more sophisticated
and banks are forced to become more cost conscious, the Corporation has been
able to leverage its investment in technology by making its trust processing
services available to smaller banks. Assets under administration in this area
at December 31, 1993 and 1992 totaled $36.1 billion and $35.1 billion,
respectively.
Cash that has been deposited by investment firms as collateral for securities
they have borrowed from the Corporation's clients under the securities lending
program is also managed by the Corporation and included in trust assets. This
collateral totaled $21.4 billion and $19.7 billion at December 31, 1993 and
1992, respectively. Revenues generated from security lending activities are
included in CFS related trust fees.
With respect to basic custody services, price competition has become more
intense in certain segments of the Corporation's corporate trust business. The
Corporation believes that it is positioned to withstand these pressures because
of its focus on providing unrivaled quality service, economy of scale, its
approach to developing deeper client relationships and commitment to
technological innovation.
Personal Financial Services. At December 31, 1993 trust assets under
administration for Personal Financial Services totaled $50.0 billion, an
increase of 7% from $46.8 billion at December 31, 1992. With significant growth
in fiduciary and asset management services, trust fees for PFS increased 8% to
$209.8 million from $194.6 million in 1992. The 1993 performance reflects
strong new business results and higher stock and bond market levels. In 1992
trust fees were up 29% from $150.4 million in 1991. This increase reflects the
impact of business growth, the effect of the acquisition of trust assets from
TSA and a fee increase in the second half of 1991.
The Corporation has positioned itself in states having significant
concentrations of wealth and growth potential. The Corporation currently has
domestic offices in 42 locations in Illinois, Florida, California, Arizona and
Texas. With an established presence in these growing markets, the Corporation
believes that it has the potential to continue to grow personal trust fees.
Personal trust fees in Illinois increased 5% to $109.8 million from $105.0
million in 1992 which was up 14% from $92.5 million in 1991. The 1993 fee
growth reflects the growing contribution of the Wealth Management Group which
provides very wealthy families with highly sophisticated security custody and
reporting, asset management and banking services on a nationwide basis. The
growth in 1992 fees reflects new business and the effect of a fee increase in
the second half of 1991. The Corporation has the leading market share in the
Chicago area personal trust market with $31.6 billion of assets under
administration at December 31, 1993 compared with $29.1 billion a year ago.
Over the years clients have been attracted by both the quality of trust
services and the profile of financial strength and stability which the
Corporation has consistently achieved. This reputation combined with credit
ratings that are top tier has allowed the Corporation to enhance the growth of
its personal trust business. The Corporation expects that the Chicago market
will continue to be a significant contributor to personal trust revenues.
The Corporation's personal trust business in Florida continues to be a
significant contributor to the growth in personal trust fees. Trust fees for
1993 totaled $52.2 million, up 14% from $46.0 million in 1992 which was up 17%
from $39.3 million in 1991. Trust assets under administration were $10.1
billion at December 31, 1993, an increase of 7% from $9.4 billion at year-end
1992. The five year compound growth rate for trust fees and trust assets has
been 17% and 14%,
26 northern trust corporation
respectively. With new offices in Fort Myers, St. Petersburg and North Miami,
the Corporation now has 15 offices in the South and Central Florida markets.
The Corporation believes that there remains significant opportunity for growth
in the Florida markets that the Corporation currently serves.
In December 1993, the Corporation entered into a definitive agreement to
acquire Beach One Financial Services, Inc., parent company of The Beach Bank of
Vero Beach, Florida, for $56.2 million in Northern Trust common stock. Beach
Bank is the largest independent bank and manager of personal trust assets in
Indian River County. The agreement is expected to close in the third quarter of
1994 subject to the approval of Beach One shareholders and to regulatory
approvals.
Northern Trust Bank of California N.A. was established in 1988 as a de novo
trust subsidiary to reach the California trust market, and in 1991 added
banking powers through an acquisition. The 1992 acquisition of $4 billion of
trust assets under administration from TSA has successfully increased the
Corporation's penetration into the California market. 1993 trust fees reflect a
full year's contribution from the TSA business. Trust fees for 1993, 1992 and
1991 were $32.3 million,
$29.7 million and $7.0 million, respectively. Having spent much of 1993
transitioning the TSA business, the Corporation is
now positioned to focus on new business development. Trust assets totaled $5.5
billion at December 31, 1993.
In Arizona, the Northern Trust Bank of Arizona N.A. is
one of the largest providers of personal trust services. As in the
Corporation's other markets, the strategy in Arizona combines banking and trust
services to targeted high net worth individuals. Trust fees from this market
were $11.9 million in 1993,
$10.7 million in 1992 and $9.4 million in 1991. Assets under administration at
December 31, 1993 and 1992 totaled $1.8 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively.
As a recent entrant in the Texas market, the Corporation's presence is modest
but growing. With offices in Dallas and Houston, Northern Trust Bank of Texas
N.A. is located in the two most important metropolitan markets in the state. In
1993, the Corporation continued to expand into compatible communities within
these two cities with the opening of an office in the River Oaks area of
Houston. The Corporation has expanded from one office in this state to four
offices since its entry into Texas in 1989. Trust fees for 1993, 1992 and 1991
were $3.6 million, $3.2 million and $2.2 million, respectively. Trust assets
under administration were $1.05 billion at December 31, 1993, $922 million at
December 31, 1992 and $693 million in 1991.
The Corporation believes that its expertise in investment management provides
a competitive advantage in executing its personal and corporate trust strategy.
For example, the Corporation's investment management performance for stock,
bond and balanced accounts for institutional clients ranks in the top quartile
for the three, five and seven year performance periods ended December 31, 1993,
as measured by SEI, a nationally recognized performance measurement tracking
service. In 1993, the Benchmark funds, which are made available to
institutional clients, registered new stock and bond portfolios, and, in 1994,
the Corporation will register a second family of mutual funds that will be made
available to its personal clients.
During the 1990s, the Corporation's national personal trust strategy will
focus primarily on increasing market share in present geographic locations and
the development of other selected upscale personal markets.
security commissions and trading income. Security commissions and trading
income totaled $19.9 million in 1993 and 1992, compared with $15.1 million in
1991. This income is primarily generated from securities brokerage and futures
contract services. Additional revenue is provided from underwriting selected
general obligation tax-exempt securities, occasional security trades, and
interest risk management activities with clients.
other operating income. Other operating income in 1993 totaled $125.9 million
compared with $117.8 million in 1992 and $91.1 million in 1991. Other operating
income in 1993 included gains of $3.9 million from the sale of mortgage loans,
compared with $1.2 million in 1992. Also affecting the year-to-year comparison
are $6.2 million of fees realized in 1992 that were related to prepayments of
fixed-rate commercial loans. Foreign exchange trading profits, the principal
component of the increase in other operating income, totaled a record $32.4
million, up 48% from the $21.9 million reported a year ago. A significant
portion of the foreign exchange profits stems from trading activity associated
with the Corporation's growing global custody business. The fee portion of
treasury management revenues totaled $49.0 million in 1993, a slight decline
from the $49.7 million reported in 1992. Total treasury management revenues,
which, in addition to fees, include interest earned on compensating deposit
balances, also decreased slightly to $71.1 million from $72.1 million in 1992.
Treasury management revenues in 1993 were affected by more competitive market
conditions. New business awarded in the second half of 1993, however, was
significant.
A significant portion of the Corporation's noninterest income is generated
through trust, treasury management, brokerage, check processing, payment and
security clearing, and other banking-related services. In providing these
services, which are principally paid for in fees rather than compensating
balances, the Corporation, in addition to safekeeping and managing trust and
corporate assets, processed cash and security transactions exceeding $80
billion on average each business day. Controls over such activities are closely
monitored to safeguard the assets of the Corporation and its clients.
northern trust corporation 27
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations ( continued )
investment security gains. Net security gains totaling $1.8 million were
realized in 1993 from the sale of securities classified as "held for sale" and
from securities that were called at a premium. This compares with gains of $3.3
million realized in 1992 and $3.5 million in 1991. In 1993, securities
classified as held for sale with a book value of $142.4 million were sold. This
activity included $62.3 million of auction rate preferred stock, which was
surrendered and not repurchased at auction pricing reset dates due to credit
and/or yield considerations. In addition, $80.1 million of U.S. Government
securities held for sale were sold. The 1993 sales are not expected to cause a
material change in future income or investment yields. At year-end, the
Corporation's investment and held for sale security portfolios had a fair value
of $4.1 billion which exceeded the book value of the portfolio by $54.8
million. This net appreciation consisted of $57.2 million of gross unrealized
gains and $2.4 million of gross unrealized losses.
The Corporation will adopt Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS)
No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,"
effective January 1, 1994, which will change the way the Corporation accounts
for investment securities. Under SFAS No. 115, debt and equity securities not
intended to be held to maturity and not held for trading will be classified as
"available for sale." Such securities will be reported at fair value with both
unrealized gains and losses, which primarily result from period-to-period
interest rate changes, credited or charged, net of the related tax effect,
directly to stockholders' equity. This accounting method will add volatility to
the Corporation's capital, but net income will not be impacted unless the
securities are sold. In connection with the adoption of this new statement, on
January 1, 1994, the Corporation restructured its investment portfolio and
reclassified as available for sale all of the held for sale portfolio and a
significant portion of its held for investment portfolio. As of January 1,
1994, the fair value of the available for sale portfolio totaled $3.4 billion,
and equity capital increased by $202,000 to recognize the appreciation, net of
taxes, on these securities.
net interest income. Net interest income is defined as the total of interest
income and amortized fees on earning assets less interest expense on deposits
and borrowed funds adjusted for the impact of off-balance sheet hedging
activity. Earning assets, which consist of securities, loans and money market
assets, are financed by a large base of interest-bearing funds, including
retail deposits, wholesale deposits, short-term borrowings, senior medium-term
notes and long-term debt. Earning assets are also funded by net noninterest-
related funds. Net noninterest-related funds consist of demand deposits, the
reserve for credit losses and stockholders' equity, reduced by noninterest-
bearing assets including cash and due from banks, items in process of
collection, buildings and equipment and other net nonearning assets. Variations
in the level and mix of earning assets, interest-bearing funds and net
noninterest-related funds, and their relative sensitivity to interest rate
movements, are the dominant factors affecting net interest income. In addition,
net interest income is impacted by the level of nonperforming loans and OREO
and client use of compensating balances to pay for services.
Net interest income for 1993 was a record $329.3 million, up 6% from $311.2
million in 1992, which was up 10% from $281.9 million in 1991. When adjusted to
a fully taxable equivalent (FTE) basis, yields on taxable, nontaxable and
partially taxable assets are comparable, although the adjustment to a FTE basis
has no impact on net income. Net interest income on a FTE basis for 1993 was a
record $363.4 million,
analysis of net interest income
( Taxable equivalent )
Percent Change
---------------------------
( Amounts in Millions ) 1993 1992 1991 1993/92 1992/91
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest Income $ 706.4 $ 721.9 $ 847.4 (2.1)% (14.8)%
Taxable Equivalent Ad-
justment 34.1 32.5 36.0 5.1 (9.8)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest Income 740.5 754.4 883.4 (1.8) (14.6)
Interest Expense 377.1 410.7 565.5 (8.2) (27.4)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
net interest income 363.4 343.7 317.9 5.7 8.1
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
average volume
Earning Assets 13,730.7 11,605.9 10,609.7 18.3 9.4
Interest-Related Funds 11,655.4 10,139.1 9,367.5 15.0 8.2
Noninterest-Related
Funds 2,075.3 1,466.8 1,242.2 41.5 18.1
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Change in Percentage
average rate ---------------------------
Earning Assets 5.39% 6.50% 8.33% (1.11) (1.83)
Interest-Related Funds 3.23 4.05 6.04 (0.82) (1.99)
Interest Rate Spread 2.16 2.45 2.29 (0.29) 0.16
Total Source of Funds 2.74 3.54 5.33 (0.80) (1.79)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
net interest margin 2.65 2.96 3.00 (0.31) (0.04)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: see page 64 for detailed analysis of net interest income.
28 northern trust corporation
an increase of $19.7 million or 6% from $343.7 million in 1992 which in turn
was up 8% from $317.9 million in 1991. The growth in FTE net interest income
was essentially attributable to the growth in average earning assets, the
increase in intermediate-term assets funded with shorter-term liabilities to
take advantage of declining interest rates, and a $3.2 million increase in fees
recognized on residential mortgage refinancings.
Earning assets averaged $13.7 billion, up 18% or $2.1 billion from the $11.6
billion reported in 1992. The growth in average earning assets reflects a 32%
or $1.0 billion increase in investment securities, a 13% or $844 million
increase in loans and a 12% or $239 million increase in money market assets.
Securities held for investment and held for sale averaged $4.2 billion versus
$3.2 billion in 1992 mainly due to a $1.0 billion increase in short-term U.S.
Government securities. Loan volume for the year averaged $7.3 billion
reflecting an $852 million or 14% increase in domestic lending while
international loans declined $8 million. The growth in domestic loans was
principally from residential mortgage activities, up $572 million. In late 1992
the Corporation changed the method of classifying and processing certain trust
client investments in and redemptions from various funds. Primarily as a result
of this change, overnight advances increased by an average of $339 million in
1993, which is reflected in the total loan growth. Money market assets averaged
$2.2 billion in 1993 versus $2.0 billion in 1992, reflecting an increase in
international deposit placement activity.
The growth in average earning assets of $2.1 billion was funded primarily by
a net increase of $1.1 billion in average senior medium-term bank notes,
federal funds purchased, treasury tax and loan demand notes and securities sold
under agreements to repurchase. In addition, average time deposits were up $394
million principally due to a $621 million increase in average foreign office
time deposits, mainly from global custody deposit activity, offset by a
decrease in domestic savings certificates and other time deposit activity due
to the continued decline in interest rates during 1993. Average net
noninterest-related funds increased $609 million, mainly due to higher demand
deposits and stockholders' equity. The increase in average demand deposits
reflects the change in the method of classifying and processing certain trust
client transactions. Total stockholders' equity for the year averaged $1.1
billion, an increase of $146 million or 16% from 1992 principally due to the
Corporation's strong earnings performance.
The interest rate spread declined to 2.16% from 2.45% last year due to the
substantial increase in the level of short-term U.S. Government securities, the
reinvestment of proceeds from security and loan maturities and sales into lower
yielding assets, and the increased level of nonearning trust-related overnight
advances, offset in part by higher levels of fees recognized on residential
mortgage refinancings. These factors, combined with lower yields obtained from
the investment of noninterest-related funds due to the drop in interest rates
in 1993, resulted in a decline in the net interest margin to 2.65% from last
year's 2.96%.
provision for credit losses. Significant improvement in asset quality resulted
in the provision for credit losses declining to $19.5 million, from $29.5
million in 1992 and $31.0 million in 1991. For a discussion of the reserve and
provision for credit losses, refer to pages 34 and 35.
noninterest expenses. Noninterest expenses for 1993 totaled $628.2 million, up
$43.6 million or 7% from $584.6 million in 1992 which was up 17% from $500.1
million in 1991. The rate of expense growth was affected by a $12.8 million
reduction in OREO write-downs. Planned increases in salaries and benefits,
which included costs associated with business expansion and the impact of
adopting SFAS No. 106 on postretirement health care, accounted for much of the
year-to-year increase. In addition, increases in capital expenditures
associated with the ongoing systems development efforts as well as litigation-
related costs contributed to the expense growth.
salaries and benefits. Salaries and benefits, which represent 58% of total
noninterest expenses, increased 10% to $361.5 million in 1993 from $328.5
million in 1992. Salary costs, the largest component of noninterest expenses,
totaled $293.4 million, up $23.3 million or 9% from $270.1 million a year ago.
Merit increases, higher incentive compensation and a 3.5% growth in staff were
the principal components underlying this increase. Staff on a full-time
equivalent basis averaged 6,318 compared with 6,102 in 1992. The staff increase
was attributable to growth in the trust and subsidiary bank activities,
partially offset by a decrease in commercial banking-related staff.
Employee benefit costs for 1993 totaled $68.1 million, up $9.7 million or 17%
from $58.4 million in 1992. Approximately $3.2 million or 33% of the total
increase was the result of the adoption of SFAS No. 106 for postretirement
health care in January 1993. The remainder of the increase in benefit costs was
attributable to pension benefits, the Thrift Incentive Plan and payroll taxes.
In November 1992, SFAS No. 112 on accounting for postemployment benefits was
issued. The new statement requires employers to adopt accrual accounting for
workers compensation, disability, severance and other benefits provided after
employment but before retirement. The statement takes effect January 1, 1994
and requires employers to immediately recognize their liability for
postemployment benefits as of that date. The Corporation's current accounting
policies have essentially been in compliance with the requirements of SFAS No.
112, and, therefore, management expects that the annual postemployment expense
will not differ significantly from the expense recorded under the current
accounting method.
northern trust corporation 29
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations ( continued )
occupancy expense. Net occupancy expense totaled $55.3 million, up 3% or $1.5
million from $53.8 million in 1992 which was up 6% from $50.6 million in 1991.
The principal components of the increase were higher building and leasehold
improvement amortization expenses, real estate taxes, and operating costs
primarily associated with business expansion in Florida, California and Texas.
equipment expense. Equipment expense, which includes depreciation, rental,
and maintenance costs, totaled $41.1 million in 1993, up 14% or $4.9 million
from $36.2 million in 1992 which was 10% higher than the $33.0 million in 1991.
The expense levels in each of the three years primarily reflect planned
increases in equipment and computer depreciation and related costs mainly to
support trust business expansion.
other operating expenses. Other operating expenses for 1993 totaled $170.3
million, up 3% from $166.1 million in 1992 which was up 34% from $124.0 million
in 1991. Other operating expenses in 1993 included $1.5 million of write-downs
in the carrying values of OREO assets versus $14.3 million in 1992. Factors
contributing to the expense increase, principally related to growth in trust
and subsidiary banking business activities, were computer software
amortization, transaction-based depository fees and other processing costs,
consulting and legal services, settlement losses on nonqualified pension
payments and business promotion expenses.
Investments in technology are designed to support and enhance the transaction
processing and securities handling capability of the Corporation's trust and
banking businesses. Higher levels of capital expenditures for systems
technology, discussed later in capital expenditures, will result in
increasingly greater amounts of expense from future depreciation of hardware
and amortization of software which are charged to equipment and other operating
expenses, respectively.
provision for income taxes. The income tax provision totaled $66.1 million in
1993 compared with $57.0 million in 1992 and $36.2 million in 1991. The higher
tax provision in 1993 resulted from the growth in taxable earnings for federal
tax purposes and higher tax rates mandated by the Revenue Reconciliation Act
(Act) of 1993. The impact of the tax rate increase was partially offset by a
new provision in the Act which permits a deduction for the amortization of
certain intangible assets. State taxes declined in 1993 as a result of a higher
level of investments in state tax-exempt securities. As a result, the effective
tax rate was unchanged for 1993 and 1992 at 28% versus 22% in 1991.
SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes" was adopted in 1993. Income tax
accounting under this new statement is not significantly different than the
accounting for income taxes under the Corporation's previous method, and
therefore, did not have a material impact on the Corporation's 1993 tax
provisions.
Capital Expenditures
The Corporation's Capital Expenditure Committee reviews proposed capital
expenditures which exceed $500,000 and makes recommendations on the
appropriateness of the expenditures. This review assures that the major
projects to which the Corporation commits its resources produce benefits
compatible with the strategic goals of the Corporation.
During 1993, the Corporation continued to improve its hardware and software
capabilities, especially relating to trust activities. Such improvements assure
state-of-the-art technology which enables the Corporation to provide its
clients with the highest level of quality service while also maintaining a
competitive cost structure, a characteristic which helps distinguish the
Corporation from its competitors. In this regard, the Corporation, through the
efforts of internal staff and outside consultants, continued development of a
new trust system which began in 1989. The Corporation has been implementing the
new system in several phases. Although systems enhancements will continue to be
an ongoing process, all significant phases of this major project are expected
to be completed by 1995. The unamortized cost of this project through 1993 was
$56 million.
Capital expenditures in 1993 also included the construction of a new banking
facility in River Oaks, Texas, and leasehold improvements and furnishings
associated with the opening of three new offices in Florida, and one new office
in California.
Capital expenditures for 1993 totaled $92 million of which $14 million was
for building and leasehold improvements, $7 million for furnishings, $28
million for hardware and machinery and $43 million for software. It is
estimated that capital expenditures for 1994 will total approximately $88
million of which $10 million is planned for buildings and leasehold
improvements, $4 million for furnishings, $33 million for hardware and
machinery and $41 million for software.
30 northern trust corporation
Asset Quality and Credit Risk
investment securities. The Corporation continues to maintain a high quality
investment portfolio as evidenced by the Standard and Poor's and/or Moody's
Investors Service ratings on obligations of states and political subdivisions,
preferred stock and other securities in the investment portfolio. At December
31, 1993, 71% of these securities are rated triple-A or double-A, 24% are rated
single-A and 5% are below A or not rated. Other securities consist of privately
issued collateralized mortgage obligations, backed by federal agency
securities, and asset-backed securities, collateralized by automobile loans and
credit card receivables.
The Corporation is an active participant in the repurchase agreement market.
This market provides the Corporation with a relatively low cost alternative for
short-term funding. Investment securities sold under repurchase agreements are
held by the counterparty until the repurchase transaction matures. Increases in
the fair value of these securities in excess of the repurchase liability could
subject the Corporation to credit risk in the event of default by the
counterparty. To minimize this risk, collateral values are continuously
monitored and the Corporation sets limits on exposure with counterparties and
regularly assesses their financial condition.
loans and other extensions of credit. A certain degree of credit risk is
inherent in the Corporation's various lending activities. Credit risk is
managed through the Corporation's Credit Policy function, which is designed to
ensure that the high level of credit standards set by the Corporation is
adhered to. Credit Policy provides a system of checks and balances for the
Corporation's diverse credit-related activities by establishing and monitoring
all credit-related policies and practices throughout the Corporation and
ensuring their uniform application. These activities are designed to ensure
that credit exposure is diversified on an industry and client basis, thus
lessening the overall credit risk to the Corporation.
A further way in which the Corporation manages credit risk is by requiring
collateral. Management's assessment of the borrower's creditworthiness
determines whether collateral is obtained. The amount and type of collateral
held varies but may include deposits held in financial institutions, U.S.
Treasury securities, other marketable securities, income-producing commercial
properties, accounts receivable, property, plant and equipment, and inventory.
Collateral values are monitored on a regular basis to ensure that they are
maintained at an appropriate level.
The largest component of the Corporation's credit risk relates to the loan
portfolio. Although the Corporation believes that its credit exposure is well
diversified, it has identified certain significant groups which meet the
accounting definition under SFAS No. 105 of credit risk concentrations.
According to this statement, group concentrations of credit risk exist if a
number of borrowers or other counterparties are engaged in similar activities
and have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability to
meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic or
other conditions. The fact that an extension of credit falls into one of these
groups does not indicate that the credit has a higher than normal degree of
credit risk. These groups are: middle market companies and small businesses,
broker-dealers of securities, banks and bank holding companies, commercial real
estate, and residential real estate.
middle market companies and small
businesses. Credit exposure to middle market companies and small businesses is
primarily in the form of commercial loans. These loans are to a diversified
group of borrowers that are predominantly in the manufacturing, wholesaling,
distribution and services industries, with total sales of less than $250
million. The largest component of this group of borrowers is located in the
greater Chicago area. Middle market and small businesses have been the focus of
business development since 1982, and it is part of the Corporation's strategic
plan to continue to selectively grow its portfolio with such entities. The
credit risk associated with middle market and small business lending is
principally influenced by general economic conditions and the resulting impact
on the borrower's operations.
Middle market and small business loans totaled approximately $1.0 billion at
both December 31, 1993 and December 31, 1992. Nonperforming middle market loans
totaled $8.8 million and $19.8 million at December 31, 1993 and 1992,
respectively.
Credit exposure related to customer acceptance liabilities with middle market
companies and small businesses totaled $21.4 million and $33.4 million as of
December 31, 1993 and 1992, respectively. Off-balance sheet items related to
these entities in the form of legally binding commitments to extend credit,
standby letters of credit, and commercial letters of credit totaled $836.7
million, $313.0 million, and $18.4 million, respectively, as of December 31,
1993, and $678.1 million, $364.2 million, and $11.1 million, respectively, at
December 31, 1992.
broker-dealers of securities. Broker loans consist primarily of overnight
funds loaned to broker-dealers in the securities industry on both a secured and
unsecured basis. Broker loans averaged $335.5 million during 1993 and $321.6
million during 1992, and totaled $249.4 million at December 31, 1993 and $336.3
million at December 31, 1992. Securities purchased under agreements to resell
totaled $380.8 million at year-end versus $407.7 million at December 31, 1992.
Standby letters of credit issued on behalf of broker-dealers and legally
binding commitments to extend credit totaled $141.1 million and $130.0 million,
respectively, as of December 31, 1993, and $91.4 million and $110.4 million,
respectively, as of December 31, 1992. The Corporation may from time to time
also have a limited amount of potential credit exposure to brokers and dealers
in connection with securities lending activities, as described in section C. of
Note 16 on page 56.
northern trust corporation 31
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations ( continued )
banks and bank holding companies. The following table shows the Corporation's
credit exposure to banks and bank holding companies at December 31, 1993 and
December 31, 1992. The Corporation's exposure to such entities is well
diversified geographically.
A significant portion of the Corporation's credit exposure to banks is in the
form of liquid, short-term money market assets. To minimize the credit risk
related to these transactions, the Corporation's Credit Policy Committee sets
limits on the amount of credit exposure with counterparties and regularly
assesses their financial condition. In connection with securities purchased
under agreements to resell, the Corporation also continually monitors the value
of collateral that it holds. Most of the domestic commercial loans shown in the
following table consisted of loans to U.S. bank holding companies, primarily in
the seventh Federal Reserve District, for acquisition purposes. The Corporation
limits such lending activity to entities with which it has a substantial
business relationship.
The international loan exposure represents transactions with major
international banks arising from the Corporation's trade finance and dollar
clearing activities.
credit exposure to banks and bank holding companies
December 31
-----------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
balance sheet amounts
Due From Banks $ 762.9 $ 810.8
Money Market Assets
Federal Funds Sold 63.0 27.7
Securities Purchased under
Agreements to Resell 134.0 21.1
Time Deposits with Banks
- Domestic .2 .1
- International 2,090.2 1,859.4
Other 71.9 81.8
Commercial Loans - Domestic 108.5 73.8
- International 160.1 121.9
Investment Securities (primarily preferred stock) 34.9 37.4
Customers' Acceptance Liability 32.9 126.9
Foreign Exchange* 46.4 95.6
Interest Rate Management Instruments* 9.1 9.7
Other Assets 12.8 16.1
off-balance sheet amounts
Contract or Notional Amounts of:
Commitments to Place Money Market Assets 308.4 300.1
Legally Binding Commitments to Extend Credit 99.9 114.8
Standby Letters of Credit 45.6 46.8
Commercial Letters of Credit 17.5 17.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
* Represents the amount of credit risk recorded in the consolidated statement
of condition associated with the potential failure of the counterparty to pay
under the instrument.
commercial real estate. In managing its credit exposure, management has
defined a commercial real estate loan as one where: (1) the borrower's
principal business activity is the acquisition of or the development of real
estate for commercial purposes; (2) the principal collateral is real estate
held for commercial purposes and loan repayment is expected to flow from the
operation of the property; or (3) the loan repayment is expected to flow from
the sale or refinance of real estate as a normal and ongoing part of business.
Unsecured lines of credit to firms or individuals engaged in commercial real
estate endeavors are included without regard to the use of loan proceeds. The
commercial real estate portfolio consists of interim loans and commercial
mortgages.
The interim loans are composed primarily of loans to developers that are
highly experienced and well-known to the Corporation. The Corporation has
engaged primarily in short-term interim loans that provided financing for the
initial phases of the acquisition or development of commercial real estate,
with the intent that the borrower would refinance the loan through another
financial institution or sell the project upon its completion. Because of the
severe economic decline in the commercial real estate market, the borrowers'
ability to refinance loans or sell projects upon their completion has
diminished significantly. As a result, the length of time over which the
average interim loan remained outstanding has often been longer than originally
anticipated. The interim loans included in the portfolio are primarily in the
Chicago market in which the Corporation has a strong presence and a thorough
knowledge of the local economy.
The Corporation has also provided commercial mortgage financing for the
acquisition of income producing properties. Cash flows from the properties
generally are sufficient to amortize the loan. These loans average less than
$500,000 each and are primarily located in market areas served by the
subsidiary banks in suburban Chicago and Florida.
Notwithstanding recent signs of improved liquidity and market conditions, the
current state of the commercial real estate market continues to affect
borrowers' ability to meet the Corporation's underwriting criteria for new
loans. As a result, management does not expect the commercial real estate
portfolio to increase measurably in the near future.
Commercial real estate loans outstanding at December 31, 1993, are detailed
in the next table.
32 northern trust corporation
commercial real estate loans
Interim Commercial
( In Millions ) Loans Mortgages Total
- -------------------------------------------------
Apartments $ 12.6 $ 48.4 $ 61.0
Industrial 39.1 44.0 83.1
Office 82.8 50.2 133.0
Shopping Center/Retail 42.1 40.0 82.1
Land 19.2 15.5 34.7
Other 62.9 49.7 112.6
- -------------------------------------------------
Total $258.7 $247.8 $506.5
- -------------------------------------------------
In comparison, commercial real estate loans at December 31, 1992 totaled
$511.2 million. Nonperforming commercial real estate loans totaled $4.8 million
in 1993 and $13.1 million in 1992. At December 31, 1993, commercial real estate
loans 90 days past due and still accruing interest totaled $18.1 million. Not
included in the table above was OREO which totaled
$9.7 million and $22.9 million at December 31, 1993 and 1992, respectively.
At December 31, 1993, off-balance sheet credit exposure to commercial real
estate developers in the form of legally binding commitments to extend credit
and standby letters of credit totaled $30.1 million and $40.2 million,
respectively. At December 31, 1992, legally binding commitments were $38.9
million and standby letters of credit were $21.9 million.
residential real estate. Residential real estate loans totaled $2.9 billion
or 40% of total domestic loans at December 31, 1993, compared with $2.4 billion
or 36% at December 31, 1992. Residential real estate loans consist of
conventional home mortgages, which generally require a loan to collateral value
of 75% to 80%, and equity credit lines, which generally limit the loan to
collateral value to no more than 70% to 75%. Of the total $2.9 billion in
residential real estate loans, $2.0 billion were in the greater Chicago area
and the remainder almost entirely in the areas served by the Corporation's
Florida and Arizona banking subsidiaries. Legally binding commitments to extend
credit, which are primarily equity credit lines, totaled $391.5 million and
$308.9 million as of December 31, 1993 and 1992, respectively.
foreign outstandings. In recent years the Corporation's international banking
activities have been focused on financing U.S. trade transactions and
correspondent banking. The Corporation has extensive treasury activities
involving short-term credit-related business with foreign financial
institutions. Interbank time deposits with foreign banks represent the largest
category of foreign outstandings. The Corporation's head office in Chicago and
London branch actively participate in the interbank market with U.S. and
foreign banks. Growth in foreign outstandings during 1993 primarily reflects
increases in interest-bearing deposit placements with banks as a result of
growth in deposits from Global Custody clients at the London branch of The
Northern Trust Company.
As used in this discussion, foreign outstandings are cross-border
outstandings as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission. They consist
of loans, acceptances, interest-bearing deposits with financial institutions,
accrued interest and other monetary assets. Not included are letters of credit,
loan commitments, and foreign office local currency claims on residents funded
by local currency liabilities. Foreign outstandings related to a specific
country are net of guarantees given by third parties resident outside the
country and the value of tangible, liquid collateral held outside the country.
However, transactions with branches of foreign banks are included in these
outstandings and are classified according to the country location of the
foreign bank's head office.
The Corporation continually monitors its risk related to foreign outstandings
and imposes internal limits on its foreign exposure. The table below provides
information on foreign outstandings by country that exceed 1.00% of the
Corporation's total assets.
foreign outstandings
Commercial
( In Millions ) Banks and Other Total
- --------------------------------------------
at december 31, 1993
Japan $544 $ -- $544
United Kingdom 230 35 265
France 173 -- 173
- --------------------------------------------
At December 31, 1992
Japan $294 $ -- $294
Germany 175 -- 175
United Kingdom 141 27 168
France 158 -- 158
Switzerland 157 -- 157
- --------------------------------------------
At December 31, 1991
Japan $690 $ -- $690
Italy 145 -- 145
United Kingdom 101 63 164
- --------------------------------------------
Aggregate foreign outstandings by country falling between 0.75% and 1.00% of
total assets at December 31, 1993 totaled $153 million to Canada. This compares
with $362 million to Italy, Netherlands and Canada in 1992 and none in 1991.
northern trust corporation 33
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations ( continued )
nonperforming assets and 90 day past due
loans. Nonperforming assets consist of nonaccrual loans, restructured loans,
and OREO. OREO is comprised of commercial and residential properties acquired
in partial or total satisfaction of problem loans. Past due loans are loans
that are delinquent 90 days or more and still accruing interest. The balance in
this category at any reporting period can fluctuate widely based on the timing
of cash collections, renegotiations and reversals.
Maintaining a low level of nonperforming assets is important to the ongoing
success of a financial institution. The Corporation's comprehensive credit
review and approval process is critical to the Corporation's ability to
minimize nonperforming assets on a long-term basis. In addition to the negative
impact on both net interest income and credit losses, nonperforming assets also
increase operating costs due to intense collection efforts.
The table below presents the Corporation's nonperforming assets and past due
loans for the current year and the prior five years. Of the total loan
portfolio of $7.6 billion at December 31, 1993, $27.3 million or .36% was
nonperforming, a decrease of $41.0 million from year-end 1992. Nonperforming
loans at December 31, 1993 consisted principally of commercial loans including
$4.8 million of commercial real estate loans, $6.6 million in the highly
leveraged credit transaction category and $8.8 million to middle market and
small business companies. The net decrease of $41.0 million in nonaccrual loans
resulted from additions during 1993 of $24.4 million in new nonaccrual loans
offset by gross charge-offs of $22.2 million, payments and loan sales of $35.2
million and transfers to OREO of $8.0 million. During 1993, the Corporation
incurred $1.5 million in write-downs of OREO assets, and sold property with a
basis of $18.8 million. While the Corporation believes that the carrying value
of its OREO portfolio is realizable, it is not possible to predict whether such
properties will continue to experience further declines in value, especially in
light of the continuation of depressed conditions in the commercial real estate
market.
nonperforming assets and 90 day past due loans
December 31
-----------------------------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nonaccrual Loans
Domestic $26.0 $66.4 $53.8 $54.5 $36.3 $16.7
International 1.3 1.9 -- .1 4.9 7.6
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 27.3 68.3 53.8 54.6 41.2 24.3
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Other Real Estate Owned (Net of reserve) 9.7 22.9 40.4 19.1 2.3 2.8
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
total nonperforming assets $37.0 $91.2 $94.2 $73.7 $43.5 $27.1
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
90 Day Past Due Loans (Still accruing)
Domestic $22.8 $42.9 $23.6 $12.0 $ 9.8 $13.2
International ---- -- -- -- -- .1
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
total 90 day past due loans $22.8 $42.9 $23.6 $12.0 $ 9.8 $13.3
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
In May 1993, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No.
114, "Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan." This new statement
requires that an impaired loan that is within the scope of this statement be
measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at
the loan's effective interest rate or at the loan's observable market price or,
if the loan is collateral dependent, based on the fair value of the collateral.
This statement takes effect January 1, 1995, and at this time management does
not expect to apply this statement earlier. Although the expected financial
impact of adopting this statement has not yet been quantified, management
believes that the new accounting standard will not have a material effect on
the Corporation's financial position and results of operations.
reserve and provision for credit losses. In evaluating the adequacy of the
reserve for credit losses, management relies predominantly on a disciplined
credit review and approval process which is applicable to the full range of the
Corporation's credit exposures. The review process, directed by Credit Policy,
is intended to identify as early as possible clients who might be facing
financial difficulties. Once identified, the extent of the client's financial
difficulty is carefully monitored by Credit Policy, which recommends to
management the portion of any credits that need a specific reserve allocation
or should be charged-off. Other factors considered by management in evaluating
the adequacy of the reserve include: the relative size of the subsidiary banks'
single loan lending limits; loan volume; historical net loan loss experience;
the level and composition of nonaccrual, past due and restructured loans; other
extensions of credit; the condition of industries in geographic areas
experiencing or expected to experience particular economic adversities;
international developments; current and anticipated economic conditions; credit
evaluations; and the liquidity and volatility of the markets in which the
Corporation does business. From time to time specific amounts of the reserve
are designated for certain loans in connection with management's analysis of
the adequacy of the reserve for credit losses.
34 northern trust corporation
While the largest portion of this reserve is typically intended to cover loan
and lease losses, it is considered a general reserve that is available for all
credit-related purposes. The reserve balance is not a precise amount, but is
derived from judgements based on the above factors. It represents management's
best estimate of the reserve for credit losses necessary to adequately cover
probable losses from current credit exposures. The provision for credit losses
is the charge against current earnings that is determined by management as the
amount needed to maintain an adequate reserve.
The overall credit quality of the domestic portfolio has remained good as
evidenced by the Corporation's relatively low level of nonperforming loans and
net charge-offs. Although a number of economic statistics indicate that the
U.S. economy is again expanding, there continue to be significant uncertainties
in commercial real estate and certain other industries. In addition,
management's assessment of the financial condition of specific clients facing
financial difficulties and portfolio growth were other primary factors
impacting management's decision to maintain the reserve for credit losses at
$145.5 million at December 31, 1993, unchanged from last year. The decline
in the year-end reserve for credit losses as a percentage of outstanding loans
and leases from 2.10% to 1.91% at year-end 1993 is primarily attributable to
loan growth in low-risk residential lending. The table below summarizes the
changes in the reserve for credit losses for the current year and the prior
five years.
analysis of reserve for credit losses
( Amounts in Millions ) 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at Beginning of
Year $ 145.5 $ 145.7 $ 148.0 $ 150.1 $ 151.1 $ 233.4
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Losses Charged
Commercial 19.5 21.2 34.1 17.9 12.3 7.2
Consumer 2.1 3.7 2.8 3.9 .6 .5
Other 1.2 1.5 1.6 .8 2.6 2.7
International .6 6.0 -- 1.1 16.3 99.8
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Charge-Offs 23.4 32.4 38.5 23.7 31.8 110.2
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Recoveries Credited
Commercial 2.3 1.4 4.2 5.9 8.8 3.5
Consumer .9 .8 .8 .3 .4 .3
Other .5 .1 .1 .1 1.6 --
International .2 .4 .1 1.3 2.4 4.1
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Recoveries 3.9 2.7 5.2 7.6 13.2 7.9
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Charged-Off Loans 19.5 29.7 33.3 16.1 18.6 102.3
Provision for Credit
Losses 19.5 29.5 31.0 14.0 16.0 20.0
Addition Due to Acqui-
sition ---- -- -- -- 1.6 --
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Change in Reserve ---- (.2) (2.3) (2.1) (1.0) (82.3)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
balance at end of year $ 145.5 $ 145.5 $ 145.7 $ 148.0 $ 150.1 $ 151.1
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Loans and Leases
at End of Year $7,623.0 $6,935.9 $6,279.7 $5,536.3 $5,660.1 $4,665.7
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average Total Loans and
Leases $7,297.1 $6,452.9 $6,199.4 $5,847.7 $5,020.9 $4,276.4
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a Percent of Year-
End Loans and Leases
Net Loan Charge-Offs .26% .43% .53% .29% .33% 2.19%
Provision for Credit
Losses .26 .43 .49 .25 .28 .43
Reserve Balance at
Year-End 1.91 2.10 2.32 2.67 2.65 3.24
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a Percent of Average
Loans and Leases
Net Loan Charge-Offs .27% .46% .54% .27% .37% 2.39%
Reserve Balance at
Year-End 1.99 2.25 2.35 2.53 2.99 3.53
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outlook
The Corporation believes that the current economic expansion of the domestic
economy is likely to continue in 1994, although not all segments of the economy
will participate equally in the expansion. The quality of its loan portfolio
remains sound and the reserve for credit losses is adequate to cover credit-
related uncertainties as they exist today. Established credit review procedures
ensure that close attention is given to commercial real estate-related loans
and other commercial loans, as well as other credit exposures that might be
adversely affected by significant increases in interest rates or an unexpected
downturn in segments of the economies of the United States or other countries.
northern trust corporation 35
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations ( continued )
Financial Condition
Average earning assets in 1993 increased 18% to $13.7 billion due principally
to increases in short-term U.S. Government securities and residential mortgage
loans. The Corporation maintains a high quality and liquid balance sheet with
investment securities and money market assets averaging $6.4 billion or 47% of
total earning assets.
The Corporation's management strategy for the investment securities account
is to maintain a very high quality portfolio with generally short-term
maturities. To maximize after-tax income, investments in tax-exempt municipal
securities are utilized but with somewhat longer maturities. The average balance
of the investment portfolio, which includes both securities held for investment
and for sale, increased 32% from last year to $4.2 billion. This increase was
attributable to U.S. Government securities, which increased on average $822
million and totaled $2.6 billion during 1993. U.S. Government securities had an
average maturity of eight months at December 31, 1993, unchanged from a year
ago. Average municipal securities declined slightly to $502 million and provided
a fully taxable equivalent yield of 11.66%. The average maturity of municipal
securities was 68 months, down from 80 months a year ago. Federal agency, asset-
backed and other securities averaged $1.1 billion in 1993, up $155 million or
17% from 1992. Federal agencies had an average maturity at December 31, 1993 and
1992 of 26 months and 19 months, respectively. Included in asset-backed and
other securities were $50 million of triple-A rated collateralized mortgage
obligations (CMOs), for which the collateral is federal agency securities. Other
asset-backed securities were $30 million versus $86 million last year; these
securities had an average maturity of 11 months down from 13 months a year ago.
Approximately $607 million of federal agency, asset-backed and other securities
have variable rates that are reset at least every six months to reflect the
level of short-term interest rates. At year-end 1993, the fair value of
investment securities of $4.1 billion exceeded the book value of these
securities by $54.8 million. Included in this amount was $211.6 million of
securities held for sale with a fair value of $212.2 million.
On January 1, 1994, in connection with the adoption of SFAS No. 115, the
Corporation restructured its investment portfolio and reclassified as available
for sale all of the held for sale portfolio and a significant portion of its
held for investment portfolio. On this date, the fair value of the available for
sale portfolio totaled $3.4 billion and equity capital increased $202,000 to
recognize the appreciation, net of taxes, on these securities.
average earning assets and source of funds
Percent Change
-----------------------------
( Amounts in Millions ) 1993 1992 1991 1993/92 1992/91
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
average earning assets
Loans and Leases - Domestic $ 7,017.2 $ 6,165.3 $ 5,900.0 13.8% 4.5%
- International 279.9 287.6 299.4 (2.7) (3.9)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Loans and Leases 7,297.1 6,452.9 6,199.4 13.1 4.1
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Money Market Assets 2,201.6 1,962.7 1,910.5 12.2 2.7
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investment Securities - Held for
Investment
U.S. Government 2,581.4 1,759.7 943.4 46.7 86.5
Obligations of States and Polit-
ical Subdivisions 502.3 516.0 533.8 (2.6) (3.3)
Federal Agency, Asset-Backed and
Other 917.5 898.4 990.5 2.1 (9.3)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Investment Securities -
Held for Investment 4,001.2 3,174.1 2,467.7 26.1 28.6
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investment Securities - Held for
Sale 201.3 -- -- N/M --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities Held for Trading 29.5 16.2 32.1 83.0 (49.7)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Earning Assets $13,730.7 $11,605.9 $10,609.7 18.3% 9.4%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
average source of funds
Deposits - Savings and Money Mar-
ket Deposits $ 3,432.1 $ 3,372.2 $ 3,208.1 1.8% 5.1%
- - Savings Certificates 1,172.9 1,370.8 1,569.7 (14.4) (12.7)
- - Other Time 404.7 493.9 533.1 (18.1) (7.4)
- - Foreign Offices Time 2,436.4 1,815.6 1,100.6 34.2 65.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Deposits 7,446.1 7,052.5 6,411.5 5.6 10.0
Federal Funds Purchased 1,692.5 1,540.2 1,412.8 9.9 9.0
Securities Sold under Agreements
to Repurchase 664.4 542.9 463.8 22.4 17.1
Commercial Paper 131.5 132.9 129.3 (1.0) 2.8
Other Borrowings 868.9 526.6 703.3 65.0 (25.1)
Senior Medium-Term Notes 554.1 85.2 1.6 N/M N/M
Notes Payable 297.9 258.8 245.2 15.1 5.5
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Interest-Related Funds 11,655.4 10,139.1 9,367.5 15.0 8.2
Noninterest-Related Funds, net 2,075.3 1,466.8 1,242.2 41.5 18.1
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Source of Funds $13,730.7 $11,605.9 $10,609.7 18.3% 9.4%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N/M Not meaningful
36 northern trust corporation
Loans averaged $7.3 billion in 1993 and increased 13% over the prior year.
Average domestic loans increased 14% to $7.0 billion for the year while the
international portfolio decreased 3% to $280 million. The increase in the
average domestic loan portfolio reflects substantial growth in residential
mortgages which, net of $109.5 million in loan sales, increased nearly $600
million to $2.6 billion. The growth in residential mortgage loans was the
result of increased lending opportunities related to the Corporation's banking
strategy. During the year commercial real estate loans declined slightly and at
December 31, 1993, were $507 million or 7% of domestic loans.
Money market assets averaged $2.2 billion, up 12% or
$239 million from last year. These assets were generally funded with short-term
foreign office deposits.
Total interest-related funds averaged $11.7 billion in 1993, up $1.5 billion
or 15% from 1992. Savings and money market deposits increased $60 million or 2%
to $3.4 billion, offset by a $198 million decline in savings certificates of
deposit to $1.2 billion. Total federal funds purchased increased $152 million or
10% to $1.7 billion. Foreign office time deposits increased a significant $621
million or 34%, resulting from greater global custody activity. Deposits related
to trust activities in the domestic banking subsidiaries, coupled with the rapid
growth of the global custody business, had a significant impact on the balance
sheet as these deposits in 1993 averaged $2.8 billion or 28% of total deposits.
Senior medium-term bank notes were used to fund much of the earning asset growth
as these funds averaged $554 million, up $469 million from last year.
In late 1992, enhancements to the Corporation's trust
system permitted changes in the method of classifying and processing certain
trust client investments in and redemptions from various funds. In 1993 trust
security settlement receivables averaged $203 million, an increase of $134
million from 1992, and the level of overnight trust-related advances included
in loans increased by $339 million, to an average of $366 million, both of
which, likewise, increased the level of demand deposits by $473 million.
Fair Value Disclosures
In 1992, SFAS No. 107, Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments,
became effective. This statement requires the disclosure of the fair value of a
broad range of both on and off-balance sheet financial instruments.
The data should only be used as a supplement to financial data and analysis
provided elsewhere in this report. The reader should use this data judiciously
for the following reasons. First, the determination of fair value for financial
instruments that are not actively traded is extremely subjective, significantly
reducing the reliability and comparability of this information. Second, the
fair value of financial instruments as of a specific date has little
significance since the financial position of the Corporation, whose business
centers around financial instruments, is closely monitored through the ongoing
management of its interest rate sensitivity, credit risk and liquidity.
Moreover, the major reason for changes in the fair values of financial
instruments from one date to another relates to interest rate movements.
Financial institutions, particularly banks, manage interest rate risk by
maintaining a prudent relationship between rate sensitive assets and
liabilities as discussed in the following Liquidity and Rate Sensitivity
section of this report. The effectiveness of interest rate management is not
proven by a point-in-time subjective attempt to measure the fair value of
financial instruments. Third, the vast majority of assets, liabilities, and
off-balance sheet financial instruments are not held for sale. Therefore,
unrealized appreciation and depreciation on these instruments are not an
effective barometer of the Corporation's future earnings or financial
condition.
In addition, not all assets and liabilities of the Corporation are
encompassed in the required disclosure. Thus, it is important that this
information is not interpreted to represent the Corporation's stock market
capitalization which incorporates other tangible and intangible assets and
liabilities. For additional information on fair value disclosures refer to
section U. of Note 1 on pages 46 and 47.
Liquidity and Rate Sensitivity
The principal functions of asset and liability management are to provide for
adequate liquidity, to manage interest rate exposure by maintaining a prudent
relationship between rate sensitive assets and liabilities, and to manage the
size and composition of the balance sheet so as to maximize net interest
income.
Liquidity is the ability to provide funds at minimal cost to meet fluctuating
deposit withdrawals or loan demand. These demands are met by maturing assets
and the capacity to raise funds when required from external sources. Although
not utilized in managing daily liquidity needs, the sale of marketable assets
provides a secondary source of liquidity. The management of liquidity is driven
by the availability and price of funds in both the domestic and international
markets. External sources of short-term funds that are highly sensitive to
interest rates and the Corporation's creditworthiness are considered "managed
liabilities." These include foreign office Eurodollar time deposits, other
domestic time certificates of deposit of $100,000 and more, federal funds
purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, treasury tax and loan
demand notes and commercial paper.
Total managed liabilities averaged $6.6 billion in 1993, an increase of $1.6
billion from the prior year, while liquid assets averaged $5.7 billion, an
increase of $1.3 billion in 1993. The increase in managed liabilities exceeded
the growth of liquid assets with a resulting decrease in the liquidity of the
Corporation. However, the Corporation's liquidity position remains strong with
a ratio of net managed liabilities to average assets of 5.6%. The Corporation's
increase in loans of $844 million was funded by increases in net noninterest-
related funds of $609 million and senior medium-term notes.
Fluctuating interest rates, increased competition and changes in the
regulatory environment continue to increase the
northern trust corporation 37
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations ( continued )
average net managed liabilities
Amount Change
----------------
( Amounts in Millions ) 1993 1992 1991 1993/92 1992/91
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Foreign Offices Time Deposits $ 2,436 $ 1,816 $ 1,101 $ 620 $ 715
Other Time Deposits 386 461 469 (75) (8)
Federal Funds Purchased, Senior
Medium-Term Notes and Other
Borrowings 3,121 2,200 2,245 921 (45)
Securities Sold under Agreements
to Repurchase 664 543 464 121 79
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Managed Liabilities 6,607 5,020 4,279 1,587 741
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less: Money Market Assets 2,202 1,963 1,911 239 52
Securities Held for Trading 30 16 32 14 (16)
U.S. Government Securities 2,647 1,760 943 887 817
Asset-Backed and Other Securities 849 644 424 205 220
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Liquid Assets 5,728 4,383 3,310 1,345 1,073
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
net managed liabilities $ 879 $ 637 $ 969 $ 242 $ (332)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Managed Liabilities to Average
Assets 5.6% 4.7% 8.0%
Net Managed Liabilities Times Av-
erage Equity Capital .8X .7x 1.3x
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average Assets $15,700 $13,418 $12,183
Average Equity Capital 1,073 927 759
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
importance of interest rate sensitivity management. Rate sensitivity arises
when interest rates on assets change in a different time period or in a
different proportion from that of interest rates on liabilities. The primary
objective of interest rate sensitivity management is to structure the balance
sheet prudently so that movements of interest rates on assets and liabilities
(adjusted for off-balance sheet hedges) are highly correlated and produce a
reasonable net interest margin even in periods of volatile interest rates.
The Corporation utilized various off-balance sheet financial instruments,
primarily interest rate swaps, as part of its asset/liability management
activities. Interest rate swaps on which the Corporation paid a fixed rate
totaled $693.3 million as of December 31, 1993. Most of these swaps were done
to accommodate client demand for longer-term fixed rate loans without
increasing interest rate risk to the Corporation. Fixed rate payments on swaps
were matched to the fixed rate payments received on loans to maintain a balance
between the interest rate sensitivity of assets and liabilities. Without these
swaps, the Corporation would have an unacceptably high level of interest rate
risk. Interest rate swaps on which the Corporation received a fixed rate
totaled $659.0 million as of December 31, 1993. Most of these swaps were used
to convert fixed rate senior medium-term notes issued by the Corporation to
LIBOR-based rates, and they are used to provide a favorable source of rate
sensitive funding relative to alternative wholesale funding sources.
The table below summarizes the expected maturities and weighted average
interest rates to be paid and received on the asset/liability management swap
portfolio at December 31, 1993. A key assumption in the preparation of the
table is that floating rates remain constant at December 31, 1993 levels.
Continual monitoring of assets and liabilities that are rate sensitive within
28 days, 90 days, 182 days and one year is an integral part of the
Corporation's rate sensitivity management process. The Corporation continued
its policy of maintaining a reasonable relationship between rate sensitive
assets and liabilities on a cumulative one year basis, thus minimizing net
interest income exposure to changes in interest rates. As part of the
Corporation's rate sensitivity management process, simulation techniques play a
significant role in quantifying the behavior of the Corporation's net interest
income under various rate environments. The simulations indicate whether the
Corporation's interest rate sensitivity gap exposure is reasonable and within
management guidelines. The Corporation's rate sensitivity is positioned in
anticipation of stable or slightly rising interest rates.
The parent company's cash requirements consist mainly of dividend payments to
the Corporation's common and preferred stockholders, the payment of interest to
note holders and
remaining maturity of asset/liability management interest rate swaps
( Amounts in
Millions ) 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999-2003 Total
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
pay fixed
Notional Amount $ 67.0 93.2 148.1 10.0 130.0 245.0 $693.3
Average Pay Rate 8.80% 9.73 6.94 5.95 5.35 6.47 7.02%
Average Receive Rate 3.46 3.53 3.49 3.41 3.65 3.54 3.54
receive fixed
Notional Amount $459.0 100.0 -- -- -- 100.0 $659.0
Average Pay Rate 3.35% 3.35 -- -- -- 3.50 3.37%
Average Receive Rate 4.30 4.95 -- -- -- 6.31 4.70
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
38 northern trust corporation
investments in subsidiaries. These requirements are met largely by dividend and
interest payments from its subsidiaries, and by interest and dividends earned
on investment securities and money market assets. In April 1993, the Bank
issued $100 million of ten year subordinated debt at a fixed rate of 6.50%. The
parent company received the proceeds of this Bank subordinated debt issue. This
payment reduced the Bank's debt to the parent company from $175 million to $75
million. The parent company liquidity is strong with short-term assets
exceeding commercial paper by $179 million.
Capital
One of management's primary objectives is to maintain a strong capital position
to merit the confidence of clients, the investing public, bank regulators and
stockholders. A strong capital position should help the Corporation withstand
unforeseen adverse developments and take advantage of profitable investment
opportunities when they arise. The Corporation's common equity continues to
increase at a rate far exceeding the growth in risk-adjusted assets. In 1993
common equity increased 17% while risk-adjusted assets rose only 2%. Total
common equity increased $142 million reaching a record $982 million at year
end. Total equity as of December 31, 1993 was $1.2 billion including $50
million of convertible preferred stock and $120 million of auction rate
preferred stock. During 1993 the Corporation purchased 76,475 of its own shares
to facilitate the exercise of stock options. The Board of Directors has
authorized the purchase of an additional 4 million shares, including purchases
in open market transactions, although no significant purchases are anticipated
until late in 1994.
The Board of Directors increased the quarterly dividend by 18.9% to $.22 per
common share in November 1993. Since the third quarter of 1988 the common
dividend has grown 164%.
At December 31, 1993, the Corporation's tier 1 capital was 9.3% and the total
capital was 13.4% of risk-adjusted assets. These risk-based capital ratios are
well above the minimum requirements of 4% for tier 1 and 8% for total risk-
based capital ratios. The Corporation's leverage ratio (tier 1 capital to
fourth quarter average assets) of 6.2% is also well above the regulatory
requirement of 3.0%. In addition, all of the Corporation's subsidiary banks
have a ratio above 7% for tier 1 capital, 11% for total risk-based capital, and
5.5% for the leverage ratio.
The Corporation's $120 million of auction rate preferred stock has benefited
from lower interest rates and strong investor confidence with the average
preferred rate declared during 1993 being 2.67% versus 3.33% in 1992.
In December a definitive agreement was reached to acquire Beach One Financial
Services, Inc., parent company of The Beach Bank of Vero Beach, Florida, for
$56.2 million in Northern Trust common stock. Also in December a definitive
agreement was signed to acquire Hazlehurst & Associates, Inc. for $22.5 million
in Northern Trust common stock. The Corporation expects to account for these
transactions as pooling-of-interests.
In March 1994, the Corporation entered into an agreement with Skandanaviska
Enskilda Banken (SEB), Stockholm, Sweden, majority owner of Banque Scandinave
en Suisse, Geneva, Switzerland that provides for the purchase of the
Corporation's 21% interest in Banque Scandinave by SEB. The transaction is
expected to be completed in the second quarter of 1994. The agreed-upon price
would result in a pretax gain to the Corporation, net of ancillary adjustments,
of approximately $33 million, subject to adjustment for any future dividend to
which the Corporation may be entitled.
capital adequacy
December 31
-----------------
( Amounts in Millions ) 1993 1992
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
tier 1 capital
Common Stockholders' Equity $ 982 $ 840
Convertible Preferred Stock 50 50
Goodwill (39) (42)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Tier 1 Capital 993 848
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
tier 2 capital
Auction Preferred Stock 120 120
Reserve for Credit Losses* 134 131
Notes Payable** 183 113
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Tier 2 Capital 437 364
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
total risk-based capital 1,430 1,212
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Risk-Weighted Assets*** 10,659 10,494
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Assets
- End of Period (EOP) 16,903 14,960
- Average Fourth Quarter 15,954 14,034
Total Loans - End of Period 7,623 6,936
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
ratios
Risk-Based Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets
- Tier 1 9.3% 8.1%
- Total (Tier 1 and 2) 13.4 11.6
Leverage (Tier 1 to Fourth Quarter Average Assets) 6.2 6.1
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Common Stockholders' Equity to
- Total EOP Loans 12.9% 12.1%
- Total EOP Assets 5.8 5.6
Stockholders' Equity to
- Total EOP Loans 15.1 14.6
- Total EOP Assets 6.8 6.8
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
* The reserve for credit losses is restricted to 1.25% of risk-weighted assets
for the purpose of this calculation.
** Notes payable that qualify for risk-based capital amortize for the purpose
of inclusion in tier 2 capital during the five years before maturity.
*** Risk-weighted assets have been reduced for goodwill and excess reserve for
credit losses that have been excluded from tier 1 and tier 2 capital.
northern trust corporation 39
Consolidated Statement of Condition
December 31
--------------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
assets
Cash and Due from Banks $ 1,519.7 $ 1,071.8
Investment Securities ( Note 3 ) - Held for Investment
( Fair value $3,845.0 in 1993 and $2,822.2 in 1992 ) 3,790.8 2,779.5
- - Held for Sale ( Fair value $212.2 in 1993 and $403.5 in
1992 ) 211.6 400.1
Securities Held for Trading 36.3 1.6
Money Market Assets
Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased under Agree-
ments to Resell 577.8 456.5
Time Deposits with Banks - Domestic .2 .1
- International 2,090.2 1,859.4
Other 72.3 82.3
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2,740.5 2,398.3
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Loans and Leases ( Note 4 ) - Domestic 7,269.7 6,662.4
- International 353.3 273.5
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total ( Net of unearned income $69.4 in 1993 and $68.2
in 1992 ) 7,623.0 6,935.9
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reserve for Credit Losses ( Note 5 ) (145.5) (145.5)
Buildings and Equipment ( Notes 6 and 7 ) 291.9 282.6
Customers' Acceptance Liability 56.9 207.6
Trust Security Settlement Receivables 293.1 562.1
Other Assets 484.3 465.6
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Assets $16,902.6 $14,959.6
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
liabilities
Deposits
Demand and Other Noninterest-Bearing $ 2,464.7 $ 2,674.6
Savings and Money Market Deposits 3,387.6 3,611.5
Savings Certificates 1,111.3 1,248.4
Other Time 333.4 434.7
Foreign Offices - Demand 297.1 37.6
- Time 2,739.3 1,864.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Deposits 10,333.4 9,870.8
Federal Funds Purchased 1,215.8 2,034.2
Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase 602.2 282.3
Commercial Paper 124.1 127.0
Other Borrowings 2,001.2 672.8
Senior Medium-Term Notes ( Note 8 ) 817.0 312.0
Notes Payable ( Note 8 ) ( Qualifying for risk-based cap-
ital, $183.4 in 1993 and $113.0 in 1992 ) 326.8 233.2
Liability on Acceptances 56.9 207.6
Other Liabilities 273.5 209.2
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Liabilities 15,750.9 13,949.1
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
stockholders' equity
Preferred Stock ( Note 9 ) 170.0 170.0
Common Stock ( Notes 9 and 11 ) - $1.66 2/3 Par Value 89.7 89.7
1993 1992
-------------------------------------------
Shares authorized 140,000,000 70,000,000
Shares issued 53,826,261 53,826,261
Shares outstanding 53,292,967 52,831,844
Capital Surplus 303.0 300.0
Retained Earnings 631.9 511.7
Unrealized Loss on Marketable Equity Securities ( Note
3 ) (.4) (1.3)
Translation Adjustments .6 .6
Common Stock Issuable - Performance Plan ( Note 19 ) 11.8 8.1
Deferred Compensation - ESOP and Other (43.5) (49.5)
Treasury Stock - at cost, 533,294 shares in 1993 and
994,417 shares in 1992 (11.4) (18.8)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Stockholders' Equity 1,151.7 1,010.5
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity $16,902.6 $14,959.6
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
See accompanying notes to financial statements on pages 44-59.
40 northern trust corporation
Consolidated Statement of Income
For the Year Ended December 31
--------------------------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1991
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest Income
Loans and Leases ( Note 4 ) - Domestic $421.1 $425.4 $498.8
- International 14.4 18.3 25.8
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 435.5 443.7 524.6
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Money Market Assets
Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased
under Agreements to Resell 5.5 8.8 17.8
Time Deposits with Banks - Domestic .1 .2 .6
- International 86.4 95.4 107.5
Other 2.6 4.6 20.7
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 94.6 109.0 146.6
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investment Securities ( Note 3 ) - Held for
Investment 164.8 168.3 173.8
- Held for Sale 9.4 -- --
Securities Held for Trading 2.1 .9 2.4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Interest Income 706.4 721.9 847.4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest Expense
Deposits - Savings and Money Market Deposits 78.8 99.1 159.2
- Savings Certificates 50.5 69.9 104.3
- Other Time 15.7 25.4 38.3
- Foreign Offices 90.4 95.7 88.6
Federal Funds Purchased 51.1 53.5 78.7
Securities Sold under Agreements to Repur-
chase 20.0 19.8 26.2
Commercial Paper 4.3 5.2 8.0
Other Borrowings 24.6 18.1 40.7
Senior Medium-Term Notes ( Note 8 ) 18.4 3.0 .1
Notes Payable ( Note 8 ) 23.3 21.0 21.4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Interest Expense 377.1 410.7 565.5
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Interest Income 329.3 311.2 281.9
Provision for Credit Losses ( Note 5 ) 19.5 29.5 31.0
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Interest Income after Provision for
Credit Losses 309.8 281.7 250.9
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Noninterest Income
Trust Fees 404.8 368.4 303.1
Security Commissions and Trading Income 19.9 19.9 15.1
Other Operating Income ( Note 13 ) 125.9 117.8 91.1
Investment Security Gains ( Note 3 ) 1.8 3.3 3.5
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Noninterest Income 552.4 509.4 412.8
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before Noninterest Expenses 862.2 791.1 663.7
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Noninterest Expenses
Salaries 293.4 270.1 241.9
Pension and Other Employee Benefits ( Notes
14 and 19 ) 68.1 58.4 50.6
Occupancy Expense ( Notes 6 and 7 ) 55.3 53.8 50.6
Equipment Expense ( Note 6 ) 41.1 36.2 33.0
Other Operating Expenses 170.3 166.1 124.0
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Noninterest Expenses 628.2 584.6 500.1
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before Income Taxes 234.0 206.5 163.6
Provision for Income Taxes ( Includes related
investment security transactions tax provi-
sion of $.7 in 1993, $1.1 in 1992 and $1.3 in
1991 ) ( Note 10 ) 66.1 57.0 36.2
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
net income $167.9 $149.5 $127.4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income Applicable to Common Stock $161.6 $142.7 $121.4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
net income per common share ( Note 11 )
- - primary $ 2.96 $ 2.64 $ 2.29
- - fully diluted 2.95 2.64 2.27
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding
- - Primary 54,589,933 54,033,230 53,111,984
- - Fully Diluted 55,848,809 55,210,451 53,396,215
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See accompanying notes to financial statements on pages 44-59.
northern trust corporation 41
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
For the Year Ended
December 31
---------------------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1991
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
preferred stock
Balance at January 1 $ 170.0 $ 120.0 $120.0
Preferred Stock Issuance, Series E ---- 50.0 --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31 170.0 170.0 120.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
common stock
Balance at January 1 89.7 59.8 59.8
Transfer from Capital Surplus - Three-for-Two
Stock Split ---- 29.9 --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31 89.7 89.7 59.8
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
capital surplus
Balance at January 1 300.0 326.4 327.1
Stock Issued - Incentive Plan and Awards 3.0 5.0 (.7)
Preferred Stock Issuance Cost ---- (1.5) --
Transfer to Common Stock - Three-for-Two Stock
Split ---- (29.9) --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31 303.0 300.0 326.4
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
retained earnings
Balance at January 1 511.7 403.0 311.7
Net Income 167.9 149.5 127.4
Dividends Declared on Common Stock (41.1) (34.8) (29.8)
Dividends Declared on Preferred Stock (6.6) (6.0) (6.3)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31 631.9 511.7 403.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
unrealized loss on marketable equity securities
Balance at January 1 (1.3) (4.4) (5.9)
Unrealized Gain, net .9 3.1 1.5
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31 (.4) (1.3) (4.4)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
translation adjustments
Balance at January 1 and December 31 .6 .6 .6
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
common stock issuable - performance plan
Balance at January 1 8.1 4.6 2.4
Stock Issuable, net of Stock Issued 3.7 3.5 2.2
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31 11.8 8.1 4.6
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
deferred compensation - esop and other
Balance at January 1 (49.5) (54.1) (58.7)
Compensation Deferred (3.1) (2.2) (1.3)
Compensation Amortized 8.6 7.1 6.1
Unfunded Pension Liability, net .5 (.3) (.2)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31 (43.5) (49.5) (54.1)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
treasury stock
Balance at January 1 (18.8) (35.2) (48.5)
Stock Options and Awards 10.6 21.5 15.5
Stock Purchased (3.2) (5.1) (2.2)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31 (11.4) (18.8) (35.2)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
total stockholders' equity at december 31 $1,151.7 $1,010.5 $820.7
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
See accompanying notes to financial statements on pages 44-59.
42 northern trust corporation
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended
December 31
-----------------------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1991
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cash flows from operating activities:
Net Income $ 167.9 $ 149.5 $ 127.4
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash
Provided by Operating Activities:
Provision for Credit Losses 19.5 29.5 31.0
Depreciation and Amortization 39.3 34.0 30.6
(Increase) Decrease in Interest Receivable (3.3) 20.2 (4.7)
Decrease in Interest Payable (9.8) (4.2) (17.9)
Amortization and Accretion of Securities and Un-
earned Income 79.8 84.2 30.1
Deferred Income Tax 21.4 13.6 6.7
Net (Increase) Decrease in Securities Held for
Trading (34.7) 58.6 (25.0)
Other Noncash, net 34.8 (35.4) 61.4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities 314.9 350.0 239.6
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of Investment Securities (4,367.5) (2,831.5) (3,289.6)
Proceeds from Sale of Investment Securities 148.6 373.6 372.8
Proceeds from Maturity and Redemption of Invest-
ment Securities 3,320.8 2,324.9 1,983.6
Net Increase in Federal Funds Sold and Securi-
ties Purchased under Agreements to Resell (121.3) (64.8) (145.0)
Net Increase in Time Deposits with Banks (230.9) (601.3) (142.8)
Net Decrease in Other Money Market Assets 10.0 53.2 807.5
Net Increase in Loans and Leases (711.7) (696.8) (785.2)
Purchase of Buildings and Equipment (48.9) (56.5) (35.7)
Proceeds from Sale of Buildings and Equipment .9 1.7 .3
Net (Increase) Decrease in Trust Security Set-
tlement Receivables 269.0 (474.2) (18.2)
Cash Used in Acquisitions -- (47.5) (4.1)
--
Other, net 13.8 18.9 (19.9)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities (1,717.2) (2,000.3) (1,276.3)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cash flows from financing activities:
Net Increase (Decrease) in Demand and Other Non-
interest-Bearing Deposits 49.6 888.7 (197.3)
Net Increase (Decrease) in Savings and Money
Market Deposits (223.9) 247.9 724.3
Net Increase (Decrease) in Certificates of De-
posit and Other Interest-Bearing Deposits 636.9 173.9 (75.8)
Net Increase (Decrease) in Federal Funds Pur-
chased and Short-Term Other Borrowings 956.1 (71.9) 896.4
Proceeds from Other Borrowed Funds 1,663.8 1,638.7 2,343.0
Repayments of Other Borrowed Funds (1,789.8) (1,547.1) (2,583.8)
Net Decrease in Commercial Paper (2.9) (2.4) (14.3)
Proceeds from Senior Medium-Term Notes and Notes
Payable 805.0 310.2 100.0
Repayments on Senior Medium-Term Notes and Notes
Payable (206.4) (31.1) (5.5)
Proceeds from Preferred Stock Issued -- 48.5 --
Treasury Stock Purchased (2.2) (2.5) (.2)
Net Proceeds from Stock Options 4.0 11.7 7.5
Cash Dividends Paid on Common and Preferred
Stock (45.8) (39.5) (35.4)
Other, net 5.8 3.8 4.9
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities 1,850.2 1,628.9 1,163.8
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Due from Banks 447.9 (21.4) 127.1
Cash and Due from Banks at Beginning of Year 1,071.8 1,093.2 966.1
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cash and due from banks at end of year $1,519.7 $1,071.8 $1,093.2
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
supplemental disclosures of cash flow informa-
tion:
Interest Paid on Deposits and Short- and Long-
Term Borrowings $ 386.9 $ 414.9 $ 583.4
Income Taxes Paid 41.5 33.1 35.2
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See accompanying notes to financial statements on pages 44-59.
northern trust corporation 43
Notes To Financial Statements
1. Accounting Policies--The financial statements have been prepared in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and reporting
practices prescribed for the banking industry. A description of the significant
accounting policies follows.
a. basis of presentation. The consolidated financial statements include the
accounts of Northern Trust Corporation (Parent Company) and its wholly owned
subsidiaries (Corporation). Significant intercompany balances and transactions
have been eliminated in consolidation. Results of operations of entities
purchased are included from the dates of acquisition.
b. foreign currency translation. Foreign currency asset and liability
accounts of overseas branches are translated at current rates of exchange,
except for buildings and equipment which are translated at rates in effect at
the date of acquisition. Income and expense accounts are translated at month-
end rates of exchange.
Foreign exchange trading positions are valued monthly at prevailing market
rates. Gains and losses on trading positions and on positions entered into in
order to hedge foreign denominated investments are recognized currently in
other operating income. Gains and losses on foreign currency positions that
were entered into in order to hedge specific, firm foreign currency obligations
are deferred and recognized in income over the life of the underlying asset or
liability or as the underlying expense or commitment is incurred.
c. investment securities.
Securities Held for Investment consist of those securities that management
intends to, and the Corporation has the ability to, hold until maturity or, in
the case of marketable equity securities, on a long-term basis. Debt securities
are stated at cost, adjusted for the amortization of premiums and the accretion
of discounts. Marketable equity securities are carried at the lower of
aggregate cost or fair value. Unrealized losses on equity securities are
reported in the consolidated statement of condition as a reduction to the
equity securities' carrying value and as a reduction, net of taxes, in
stockholders' equity.
Securities Held for Sale may be sold prior to maturity in response to changes
in market interest rates, prepayment risk, or other factors. Securities held
for sale are stated at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value. Unrealized
losses on securities held for sale are included in the income statement as
investment security losses. Realized gains and losses on securities held for
sale are determined on a specific identification basis and are reported in the
consolidated statement of income as investment security gains and losses.
The Corporation adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS)
No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,"
effective January 1, 1994. Under SFAS No. 115, debt and equity securities not
intended to be held to maturity and not held for trading will be classified as
"available for sale." Such securities will be reported at fair value with both
unrealized gains and losses credited or charged, net of the tax effect,
directly to stockholders' equity.
d. securities held for trading. Securities held for trading are stated at
fair value. The realized and unrealized gains and losses are reported in the
income statement under security commissions and trading income. In addition,
this income statement category includes brokerage and futures commissions.
e. interest risk management instruments. Interest risk management instruments
include interest rate swap contracts, futures contracts, options and similar
contracts. The Corporation is a party to various interest risk management
instruments to meet the interest risk management needs of its clients, as part
of its trading activity for its own account and as part of its asset/liability
management activities.
Interest risk management instruments entered into to meet clients' interest
risk management needs or for trading purposes are carried at fair value, with
realized and unrealized gains and losses included in security commissions and
trading income. If interest risk management instruments are used by the
Corporation to hedge existing assets and liabilities or anticipated
transactions, and if specific criteria are met, any gains or losses are
deferred and recognized as an adjustment to interest income or expense over the
life of the related asset, liability, or anticipated transaction. Interest
accruals on interest rate swaps that are used as hedges are recognized as
adjustments to the interest income or expense of the hedged item over the life
of the swap.
f. loans and leases. Loans are reported at the principal amount outstanding,
net of unearned income. Interest income on loans is recorded on an accrual
basis until, in the opinion of management, there is a question as to the
ability of the debtor to meet the terms of the contract, or when interest or
principal is more than 90 days past due and the loan is not well secured and in
the process of collection. At the time a loan is placed on a nonaccrual status,
interest accrued but not collected is reversed against interest income of the
current period. Loans are returned to an accrual status when factors indicating
doubtful collectibility no longer exist. Interest income on restructured loans
is recognized in accordance with the new terms.
Premiums and discounts on loans are recognized as an adjustment of yield by
the interest method based on the contractual terms of the loan. Commitment fees
that are considered to be an adjustment to the loan yield, loan origination
fees and certain direct costs are deferred and accounted for as an adjustment
of the yield.
Unearned lease income from direct financing and leveraged leases is
recognized using the interest method. This method provides a constant rate of
return on the unrecovered investment over the contractual life of the lease.
g. reserve for credit losses. The reserve for credit losses is established
through provisions for credit losses charged to income. Loans and other
extensions of credit deemed uncollectible are charged to the reserve.
Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the reserve. The loan portfolio
and other extensions of credit are regularly reviewed to evaluate the adequacy
of the reserve for credit losses. The impact of domestic
44 northern trust corporation
and international economic conditions on the creditworthiness of borrowers is
given major consideration in determining the adequacy of the reserve. Credit
loss experience, changes in the character and size of the loan portfolio and
management's judgement are other factors used in assessing the overall adequacy
of the reserve for credit losses and the resulting provision for credit losses.
Actual losses may vary from current estimates and the amount of the provision
may be either greater than or less than actual net charge-offs. While the
largest portion of this reserve is intended to cover loan and lease losses, it
is considered a general reserve available for all credit-related purposes.
h. fees on standby letters of credit and participations in bankers
acceptances. Fees on standby letters of credit are generally recognized in
other operating income on the straight-line method over the lives of the
underlying agreements. Commissions on bankers acceptances are recognized in
other operating income when received.
i. buildings and equipment. Buildings and equipment owned are carried at
original cost less accumulated depreciation. The charge for depreciation is
computed primarily on the straight-line method. Leased properties meeting
certain criteria are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method
over the lease period.
j. other real estate owned (oreo). OREO is comprised of commercial and
residential real estate properties acquired in partial or total satisfaction of
problem loans.
OREO assets are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. Losses identified
at the time of acquisition of such properties are charged against the reserve
for credit losses. Subsequent write-downs that may be required to the carrying
value of these assets and losses realized from asset sales are charged to the
reserve for OREO. The OREO reserve is established to reduce OREO to a
realizable value through a charge to other operating expenses. Gains realized
from the sale of OREO are included in other operating income. OREO is reported
net of the related reserve and is included in other assets in the consolidated
statementof condition.
k. intangible assets. Goodwill, arising from the excess of purchase price
over the fair value of net assets of acquired subsidiaries, is being amortized
using the straight-line method over periods not exceeding thirty years.
Goodwill of approximately $39.4 million and $42.3 million at December 31, 1993
and 1992, respectively, is included in other assets in the consolidated
statement of condition. At December 31, 1993, the average remaining life of
unamortized goodwill was thirteen years.
Other intangible assets are amortized using various methods over the
estimated life of the assets. At December 31, 1993 other intangible assets
totaled $35.0 million versus $39.0 million last year.
l. trust assets and fees. Assets held in fiduciary or agency capacities are
not included in the consolidated statement of condition, since such items are
not assets of the Corporation. Income from trust activities is reported on an
accrual basis.
m. trust security settlement receivables. These receivables represent other
items in the process of collection presented on behalf of trust clients.
n. pension benefits. A noncontributory qualified pension plan covers
substantially all employees. The plan provides benefits for normal and early
retirement, deferred benefits for vested employees and, under certain
circumstances, survivor benefits in the event of death. Benefits are based on
the employees' years of service and their five highest consecutive years of
compensation. The proportion of average compensation paid as a pension benefit
is determined by length of service. Contributions to the plan satisfy or exceed
the minimum funding requirements of ERISA. Certain retiree death benefits are
funded through the Pension Plan and the related cost is included as a component
of annual pension expense. Assets held by the plan consist primarily of listed
stocks and corporate bonds. The Corporation also maintains a noncontributory
nonqualified pension plan for participants whose retirement benefit payments
under the qualified plan are expected to exceed the limits imposed by federal
tax law.
The Corporation has a nonqualified trust, referred to as a "Rabbi" trust, to
fund benefits in excess of those permitted in certain of the Corporation's
qualified plans. The primary purpose of the trust is to fund nonqualified
pension benefits. This arrangement offers certain officers of the Corporation a
degree of assurance for payment of benefits in excess of those permitted in the
related qualified plans. The assets remain subject to the claims of creditors
of the Corporation and are not the property of the employees. Therefore, they
are accounted for as corporate assets and are included in other assets in the
consolidated statement of condition.
o. employee stock ownership plan (esop). A leveraged Employee Stock Ownership
Plan (ESOP) in which substantially all employees of the Corporation are
eligible to participate was established in 1989. The ESOP shares not yet
allocated to individual accounts are treated as deferred compensation and
accounted for as a reduction of stockholders' equity. The original 4.5 million
shares in the ESOP Trust are being allocated to eligible employees over a ten-
year period. Dividends paid on unallocated shares held in the ESOP Trust are
used for debt service on the ESOP notes. Compensation expense is accounted for
based primarily on the amount of cash paid by the Corporation to the ESOP for
principal payments on the ESOP notes.
p. thrift incentive plan. The Corporation and its subsidiaries have a defined
contribution Thrift Incentive Plan covering substantially all employees. The
corporate contribution is contingent upon the level of employee contribution and
meeting a predefined earnings objective for the year. The estimated contribution
to this plan is accrued during the year and charged to pension and other
employee benefit expenses.
northern trust corporation 45
Notes To Financial Statements ( continued )
q. incentive plans.
1992 incentive stock plan. The 1992 Incentive Stock Plan (Plan) provides for
the granting of both nonqualified and incentive stock options. Stock
appreciation rights may also be granted in conjunction with stock options. The
Plan also permits stock awards and stock equivalents to be granted. Key
officers of the Corporation and its subsidiaries are eligible to participate in
the Plan. The Plan is administered by the Compensation and Benefits Committee
(Committee) of the Board of Directors. The total number of shares of common
stock of the Corporation available for distribution under the Plan is
3,750,000. The accounting entries made to the appropriate capital or expense
accounts of the Corporation are based upon the terms and conditions of each
award.
Stock options consist of options to purchase common stock at purchase prices
not less than 100% of the fair market value thereof on the date the option is
granted. All options are exercisable not earlier than six months nor later than
ten years after the date of grant. In addition, the Plan provides that all
options will become exercisable upon a change of control of the Corporation as
defined in the Plan. All options terminate at such time as determined by the
Committee and as provided in the option, but not later than three years after
termination of employment for any reason other than death.
Under the Plan, stock awards or equivalents can be awarded by the Committee
to participants which entitle them to receive a payment in cash or common stock
of the Corporation based on such terms and conditions as the Committee deems
appropriate including achievement of performance goals.
amended incentive stock plan. The Amended Incentive Stock Plan was superseded
by the 1992 Incentive Stock Plan and will terminate by its terms on December
31, 1994. Outstanding grants and awards under the Amended Incentive Stock Plan
will remain in effect in accordance with their terms, but no further grants or
awards will be made.
long-term incentive plan. Performance shares have been granted to the
Corporation's executive officers under the provisions of the 1992 and the
Amended Incentive Stock Plans whereby the executives will be entitled to have
each award credited to an account maintained for them if established
performance goals are achieved with distribution after vesting. The value of
shares earned but not yet distributed under the plan is credited to performance
share accounts and is shown in stockholders' equity as common stock issuable-
performance plan.
performance incentive plans. Various incentive plans provide for bonuses to
selected employees based upon the accomplishment of various corporate
objectives. Bonuses are accrued during the year to salary expense based on
attainment of designated objectives.
The above plans provide for acceleration of benefits in certain circumstances
including a change of control.
r. other postretirement benefits. The Corporation maintains an unfunded
postretirement health care plan. Employees retiring under the provisions of The
Northern Trust Pension Plan may be eligible for postretirement health care
coverage. These benefits may be subject to deductibles, co-payment provisions
and other limitations. The provisions may also be changed at the discretion of
the Corporation. Further, the Corporation reserves the right to terminate these
benefits at any time.
The Corporation adopted, effective January 1, 1993, SFAS No. 106, "Employers'
Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions." The statement
requires that the expected cost of providing postretirement benefits be
recognized in financial statements during the employees' active service period.
The Corporation's previous practice was to expense these benefits when paid.
s. income taxes. On January 1, 1993, the Corporation adopted on a prospective
basis SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes." Based on the Corporation's
existing tax position, income tax accounting under this new statement is not
significantly different than the accounting required under the Corporation's
prior method (SFAS No. 96). The change, therefore, did not have a material
effect on the Corporation's 1993 tax provisions or reserves.
SFAS No. 109 requires an asset and liability approach to accounting for
income taxes. Its objective is to recognize the amount of taxes payable or
refundable for the current year, and to recognize deferred tax assets and
liabilities resulting from temporary differences between the amounts reported
in the financial statements and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. The
measurement of tax assets and liabilities is based on enacted tax laws and
applicable tax rates.
t. cash flow statements. The Corporation has defined cash and cash
equivalents as those amounts included in the consolidated statement of
condition as "Cash and Due from Banks."
u. fair values of financial instruments. SFAS No. 107, "Disclosures About
Fair Value of Financial Instruments," requires disclosure of the fair value of
certain of the Corporation's financial instruments. Considerable judgment is
required to interpret market data when computing estimates of fair value.
Accordingly, the estimates presented are not necessarily indicative of the
amounts the Corporation could have realized in a market exchange. The use of
different assumptions and/or estimation methods may have a material effect on
the computation of estimated fair values. The following methods and assumptions
were used in estimating the fair values of the Corporation's financial
instruments:
Short-Term Financial Assets. Due to the short maturity of these instruments,
the amounts reported in the statement of condition approximate fair value.
Short-term financial assets include cash and due from banks; federal funds sold
and securities purchased under agreements to resell; trust security settlement
receivables; and customers' acceptance liabilities.
Securities. Fair values of securities were based on quoted market values,
when available. If quoted market values were not available, fair values were
based on quoted market values for
46 northern trust corporation
comparable instruments. The fair values pertaining to securities are shown in
Note 3.
Time Deposits with Banks and Other Money Market Assets. Fair values were
estimated using a discounted cash flow method. The discount rate used was the
current market rate for instruments with similar terms and credit risk.
The amounts reported in the consolidated statement of condition for time
deposits with banks and other money market assets approximate their fair
values.
Loans (not including lease financing receivables). The fair values of one-to-
four family residential mortgages were based on quoted market prices of similar
loans sold in conjunction with securitization transactions, adjusted for
differences in loan characteristics. The fair values of the remainder of the
loan portfolio were estimated using a discounted cash flow method in which the
discount rate used was the rate at which the Corporation would have originated
the loan had it been originated as of the financial statement date, giving
effect to current economic conditions on loan collectibility. The estimated
fair value of the entire loan portfolio, not including lease financing
receivables, was $7.36 billion and $6.69 billion as of December 31, 1993 and
1992, respectively. The corresponding book values of these loans, net of the
entire reserve for credit losses, were $7.34 billion as of December 31, 1993
and $6.66 billion as of December 31, 1992.
Short-Term Financial Liabilities. Due to the short maturity of these
instruments, the amounts reported in the consolidated statement of condition
approximate fair value. Short-term financial liabilities include federal funds
purchased, liabilities on acceptances and commercial paper.
Demand, Savings, and Money Market Deposits. The fair values required to be
disclosed for these deposits pursuant to SFAS No. 107 must equal the amounts
disclosed in the consolidated statement of condition.
Savings Certificates, Other Time and Foreign Offices Time Deposits,
Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase, Senior Medium-Term Notes, and
Other Borrowings. The fair values of these instruments were estimated using a
discounted cash flow method that incorporated market interest rates. The fair
values of savings certificates, other time and foreign offices time deposits
were $4.20 billion and $3.57 billion as of December 31, 1993 and 1992,
respectively. The corresponding book values of these deposits were $4.18
billion and $3.55 billion. The fair values of senior medium-term notes were
$818.1 million and $311.1 million as of December 31, 1993 and 1992. The
corresponding book values were $817.0 million and $312.0 million. The amounts
reported in the consolidated statement of condition for securities sold under
agreements to repurchase and other borrowings approximate their fair values.
Notes Payable. Fair values were based on quoted market prices, when
available. If quoted market prices were not available, fair values were based
on quoted market prices for comparable instruments. The estimated fair values
of the Corporation's notes payable as of December 31, 1993 and 1992 were $349.8
million and $254.2 million, respectively. The corresponding book values of
these notes were $326.8 million and $233.2 million.
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments. The fair values of commitments and
letters of credit, which represent the amount of unamortized fees on these
instruments, are recorded in the consolidated statement of condition and totaled
$2.8 million as of December 31, 1993 and $2.4 million as of December 31, 1992.
The fair values of all other off-balance sheet financial instruments, as shown
in section B. of Note 16, were based on quoted market prices, when available. If
quoted market prices were not available, fair values were estimated using
pricing models.
2. Reclassifications--Certain reclassifications have been made to prior
periods' financial statements to place them on a basis comparable with the
current period's financial statements.
3. Investment Securities--At December 31, 1993, obligations of states and
political subdivisions, preferred stock and other securities had the following
ratings according to Standard and Poor's and/or Moody's Investors Service: 71%
are triple-A or double-A; 24% are single-A and 5% are below A or not rated.
Realized gross security gains included in the consolidated statement of
income in 1993 totaled $1.8 million, including $1.6 million related to
securities held for sale. There were no realized gross security losses in 1993.
In 1992, realized gross gains and gross losses totaled $4.0 million and $.7
million, respectively. In 1991, realized gross gains and gross losses totaled
$4.3 million and $.8 million, respectively.
Income on obligations of states and political subdivisions totaled $38.3
million, $39.3 million and $41.1 million in 1993, 1992 and 1991, respectively.
Dividends on preferred stock totaled $3.8 million, $5.6 million and $8.6
million for 1993, 1992 and 1991, respectively.
Effective January 1, 1994, the Corporation adopted SFAS No. 115, "Accounting
for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities." In conjunction with
adopting SFAS No. 115, the Corporation restructured its investment portfolio.
All of the Corporation's investments in obligations of states and political
subdivisions, as well as U.S. Government securities with a book value of $82.7
million and preferred stock and other securities with a book value of $28.1
million, were classified as "held to maturity." The net appreciation on the
held to maturity portfolio, all of which was related to the obligations of
states and political subdivisions, was $53.4 million as of January 1, 1994.
Securities classified as held to maturity will be accounted for at cost,
adjusted for the amortization of premiums and the accretion of discounts.
northern trust corporation 47
Notes To Financial Statements ( continued )
The remainder of the investment portfolio was classified as "available for
sale." Available for sale securities will be accounted for at fair value, with
both unrealized gains and losses credited or charged, net of the tax effect, to
stockholders' equity. As of January 1, 1994, the fair value of the available
for sale portfolio totaled $3.4 billion, and stockholders' equity increased by
$202,000, to recognize the appreciation on these securities.
securities held for investment. The following tables summarize the book values,
fair values and maturities of investment securities.
reconciliation of book values to fair values of securities held for investment
December 31, 1993
---------------------------------------
Gross Gross
Book Unrealized Unrealized Fair
( In Millions ) Value Gains Losses Value
- --------------------------------------------------------
U.S. Government $2,343.7 $ 2.1 $ .2 $2,345.6
Obligations of
States and Po-
litical Subdi-
visions 493.5 53.5 .1 546.9
Federal Agency 833.1 .5 1.8 831.8
Preferred Stock 15.5 -- -- 15.5
Other 105.0 .3 .1 105.2
- --------------------------------------------------------
Total $3,790.8 $56.4 $2.2 $3,845.0
- --------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1992
---------------------------------------
Gross Gross
Book Unrealized Unrealized Fair
( In Millions ) Value Gains Losses Value
- --------------------------------------------------------
U.S. Government $1,522.8 $ 1.8 $2.8 $1,521.8
Obligations of
States and Po-
litical Subdi-
visions 508.5 42.6 -- 551.1
Federal Agency 559.2 1.0 .1 560.1
Preferred Stock 15.4 -- -- 15.4
Other 173.6 .6 .4 173.8
- --------------------------------------------------------
Total $2,779.5 $46.0 $3.3 $2,822.2
- --------------------------------------------------------
Included in preferred stock were securities accounted for as marketable
equity securities with a cost basis of $14.5 million and $14.8 million at
December 31, 1993 and 1992, respectively. These securities are recorded net of
unrealized losses of $.5 million and $2.0 million at December 31, 1993 and
1992, respectively.
book and fair values of securities held for investment by maturity
December 31,
1993
-----------------
Book Fair
( In Millions ) Value Value
- --------------------------------------------------
Due in One Year or Less $2,431.6 $2,433.4
Due After One Year Through Five
Years 997.9 1,017.3
Due After Five Years Through
Ten Years 231.7 253.4
Due After Ten Years 129.6 140.9
- --------------------------------------------------
Total $3,790.8 $3,845.0
- --------------------------------------------------
Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities were included in the above table
taking into account anticipated future prepayments.
securities held for sale. The following tables summarize the book values, fair
values and maturities of securities held for sale.
reconciliation of book values to fair values of securities held for sale
December 31, 1993
-----------------------------------
Gross Gross
Book Unrealized Unrealized Fair
( In Millions ) Value Gains Losses Value
- ----------------------------------------------------
U.S. Government $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Federal Agency 77.7 .7 .2 78.2
Preferred Stock 129.2 -- -- 129.2
Other 4.7 .1 -- 4.8
- ----------------------------------------------------
Total $211.6 $ .8 $ .2 $212.2
- ----------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1992
-----------------------------------
Gross Gross
Book Unrealized Unrealized Fair
( In Millions ) Value Gains Losses Value
- ----------------------------------------------------
U.S. Government $227.6 $2.9 $-- $230.5
Federal Agency 46.1 -- -- 46.1
Preferred Stock 98.2 -- -- 98.2
Other 28.2 .5 -- 28.7
- ----------------------------------------------------
Total $400.1 $3.4 $-- $403.5
- ----------------------------------------------------
book and fair values of securities
held for sale by maturity
December 31,
1993
-------------
Book Fair
( In Millions ) Value Value
- -------------------------------------------------
Due in One Year or Less $ 11.2 $ 11.3
Due After One Year Through Five
Years 25.5 25.7
Due After Five Years Through Ten
Years 18.5 18.6
Due After Ten Years 156.4 156.6
- -------------------------------------------------
Total $211.6 $212.2
- -------------------------------------------------
Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities were included in the above table
taking into account anticipated future prepayments.
48 northern trust corporation
4. Loans and Leases--Amounts outstanding in selected loan categories are shown
below.
December 31
-----------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992
- ------------------------------------------
Domestic
Commercial $2,421.1 $2,409.0
Broker 249.4 336.3
Commercial Real Estate 506.5 511.2
Residential Real Estate 2,883.3 2,372.8
Consumer 617.5 505.9
Other 453.5 392.0
Lease Financing 138.4 135.2
- ------------------------------------------
Total Domestic 7,269.7 6,662.4
International 353.3 273.5
- ------------------------------------------
Total $7,623.0 $6,935.9
- ------------------------------------------
Other domestic loans includes $375.6 million at December 31, 1993, and $349.0
million at December 31, 1992 of overnight trust-related advances in connection
with next day security settlements. Lease financing includes leveraged leases
of $48.3 million at December 31, 1993, and $38.4 million at December 31, 1992.
nonperforming assets. Presented below are outstanding amounts of nonaccrual
loans and OREO. OREO is presented net of the related reserve.
December 31
-----------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992
- -----------------------------------------------
Nonaccrual Loans
Domestic -- Commercial Real Estate $ 4.8 $13.1
-- Other 21.2 53.3
International 1.3 1.9
- -----------------------------------------------
Total Nonaccrual Loans 27.3 68.3
Other Real Estate Owned, net 9.7 22.9
- -----------------------------------------------
Total Nonperforming Assets $37.0 $91.2
- -----------------------------------------------
Unfunded loan commitments and standby letters of credit issued to borrowers
whose loans were classified as nonaccrual totaled $1.0 million at December 31,
1993, and $9.5 million at December 31, 1992.
Interest income that would have been recorded on domestic nonaccrual loans in
accordance with their original terms amounted to $3.5 million in 1993, $5.4
million in 1992 and $7.4 million in 1991, compared with amounts that were
actually recorded of $1.6 million, zero and $.4 million, respectively. Interest
income that would have been recorded on international nonaccrual loans in
accordance with their original terms amounted to $.1 million in 1993 and 1992,
and zero in 1991, compared with amounts that were actually recorded at zero in
all three years.
Provisions credited to the reserve for OREO were $1.5 million in 1993, $14.3
million in 1992 and $1.2 million in 1991. Losses of $2.1 million in 1993, $14.3
million in 1992 and $1.6 million in 1991 were charged to the reserve. The
reserve totaled $.1 million, $.7 million and $.7 million at December 31, 1993,
1992 and 1991, respectively.
In May 1993, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 114,
"Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan." This new statement requires
that an impaired loan that is within the scope of this statement be measured
based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the
loan's effective interest rate or at the loan's observable market price or, if
the loan is collateral dependent, based on the fair value of the collateral.
This statement takes effect January 1, 1995. At this time management does not
expect to apply this statement earlier. Although the expected financial impact
of adopting this statement has not yet been quantified, management believes
that the new accounting standard will not have a material effect on the
Corporation's financial position and results of operations.
5. Reserve for Credit Losses--Changes in the reserve for credit losses were as
follows.
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1991
- ----------------------------------------------------
Balance at Beginning of
Year $145.5 $145.7 $148.0
- ----------------------------------------------------
Losses Charged to Reserve:
Domestic
Commercial Real Estate (7.8) (4.6) (14.5)
Other (15.0) (21.8) (24.0)
International (.6) (6.0) --
- ----------------------------------------------------
Total Losses Charged to Re-
serve (23.4) (32.4) (38.5)
Recoveries Credited to Re-
serve 3.9 2.7 5.2
- ----------------------------------------------------
Net Losses Charged to Re-
serve (19.5) (29.7) (33.3)
Provision for Credit Losses 19.5 29.5 31.0
- ----------------------------------------------------
Net Change in Reserve ---- (.2) (2.3)
- ----------------------------------------------------
Balance at End of Year $145.5 $145.5 $145.7
- ----------------------------------------------------
The quality of the Corporation's loan portfolios remains sound and the
reserve for credit losses is adequate to cover credit-related uncertainties as
they exist today. Established credit review procedures ensure that close
attention is given to commercial real estate-related loans and other commercial
loans, as well as other credit exposures that might be adversely affected by
significant increases in interest rates or an unexpected downturn in segments
of the economies of the United States or other countries.
northern trust corporation 49
Notes To Financial Statements ( continued )
6. Buildings and Equipment--A summary of the Corporation's buildings and
equipment is presented below.
December 31, 1993
------------------------------
Original Accumulated Net Book
( In Millions ) Cost Depreciation Value
- ------------------------------------------------
Land $ 23.4 $ -- $ 23.4
Buildings 79.0 35.5 43.5
Equipment 215.3 91.2 124.1
Leasehold Im-
provements 51.0 16.3 34.7
Building Leased
under Capital
Lease (Note 7) 72.6 6.4 66.2
- ------------------------------------------------
Total $441.3 $149.4 $291.9
- ------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1992
------------------------------
Original Accumulated Net Book
( In Millions ) Cost Depreciation Value
- ------------------------------------------------
Land $ 23.4 $ -- $ 23.4
Buildings 74.5 32.9 41.6
Equipment 191.1 73.0 118.1
Leasehold Im-
provements 44.9 13.5 31.4
Building Leased
under Capital
Lease (Note 7) 72.6 4.5 68.1
- ------------------------------------------------
Total $406.5 $123.9 $282.6
- ------------------------------------------------
The charge for depreciation amounted to $39.3 million in 1993, $34.0 million
in 1992 and $30.6 million in 1991. Occupancy expense has been reduced by $1.7
million in 1993, $1.0 million in 1992 and $1.0 million in 1991 for rental
income from leased premises.
7. Lease Commitments--At December 31, 1993, the Corporation was obligated under
a number of noncancelable operating leases for premises and equipment used
primarily for banking purposes. Certain leases contain rent escalation clauses
for real estate taxes and other operating expenses and renewal option clauses
calling for increased rentals. There are no restrictions imposed by any lease
agreement regarding the payment of dividends, debt financing or the Corporation
entering into further lease agreements. Minimum rental commitments as of
December 31, 1993, for all noncancelable operating leases are as follows.
Future Minimum
( In Millions ) Lease Payments
- --------------------------------------------
1994 $ 22.7
1995 23.1
1996 21.8
1997 21.0
1998 19.8
Later Years 125.1
- --------------------------------------------
Total Minimum Lease Payments $233.5
- --------------------------------------------
Rental expense for all operating leases is included in occupancy expense and
amounted to $23.5 million in 1993, $22.8 million in 1992, and $22.1 million in
1991.
The Corporation leases the building and land utilized as its Chicago
operations center under an agreement which qualifies as a capital lease. The
long-term financing for the property was provided by the Corporation. In the
event of sale or refinancing, the Corporation will receive all proceeds except
for 58% of any proceeds in excess of the original project costs which will be
paid to the lessor.
The table below reflects the future minimum lease payments required under
this lease, net of payments received on the long-term financing, and the
present value of the net capital lease obligation at December 31, 1993 (see
Note 8).
Future Minimum
Lease Payments,
( In Millions ) net
- ---------------------------------------------------
1994 $ 1.1
1995 1.1
1996 1.1
1997 1.1
1998 1.1
Later Years 17.0
- ---------------------------------------------------
Total Minimum Lease Payments, net 22.5
Less: Amount Representing Interest 12.0
- ---------------------------------------------------
Net Present Value under Capital
Lease Obligation $10.5
- ---------------------------------------------------
8. Senior Medium-Term Notes, Notes Payable and Lines of Credit--
senior medium-term notes. A summary of the Corporation's senior medium-term
notes outstanding at December 31 is presented below.
( In Millions ) Rate 1993 1992
- -------------------------------------------------
Parent Company
Due 1996 (a) (b) 8.65% $ 2.0 $ 2.0
The Northern Trust Com-
pany
Due 1993 (a) (c) 3.10-3.65 -- 200.0
Due 1994 (a) (c) 3.40-4.51 700.0 10.0
Due 1995 (a) (c) 4.95 100.0 100.0
Due 1996 (a) (c) 4.63-5.38 10.0 --
Due 1998 (a) (c) 6.29 5.0 --
- -------------------------------------------------
Total Senior Medium-Term Notes $817.0 $312.0
- -------------------------------------------------
See bottom of next table for applicable notes.
50 northern trust corporation
notes payable. A summary of the Corporation's notes payable outstanding at
December 31 is presented below.
(In Millions) 1993 1992
- ---------------------------------------------------------
Subordinated Notes -- Parent Company
9.15% Notes due March 1998 (a) (b) $ 10.0 $ 10.0
9.20% Notes due March 1998 (a) (b) 13.0 13.0
9.00% Notes due May 1998 (a) (b) 50.0 50.0
9.00% Notes due May 2001 (a) (b) 25.0 25.0
Subordinated Notes -- The Northern
Trust Company
6.50% Notes due May 2003 (a) (c) 100.0 --
- ---------------------------------------------------------
Subordinated Notes Payable $198.0 $ 98.0
- ---------------------------------------------------------
Other Notes Payable
9 1/8% Notes due August 1994 (a) $ 75.0 $ 75.0
8.25% ESOP Notes due December 1995 (a) (d) 2.7 2.7
8.23% ESOP Installment Notes with
Final Payment due December 1998 (e) 40.6 46.9
Bank Capital Lease Obligation (f) 10.5 10.6
- ---------------------------------------------------------
Other Notes Payable $128.8 $135.2
- ---------------------------------------------------------
Total Notes Payable $326.8 $233.2
- ---------------------------------------------------------
Notes Payable Qualifying as
Risk-Based Capital $183.4 $113.0
- ---------------------------------------------------------
(a) Not redeemable prior to maturity.
(b) In September 1990, the Corporation filed a shelf registration statement on
Form S-3 with the SEC which permitted the Corporation to offer from time to
time up to $200 million of senior and subordinated debt securities. In
March 1991, the Corporation issued a total of $100 million senior and
subordinated fixed rate medium-term notes under the shelf registration. In
November 1993, the Corporation filed a post-effective amendment to the
shelf registration to deregister the remaining $100 million notes.
(c) In June 1992, The Northern Trust Company (the Bank) issued an offering
circular which detailed the Bank's capability to offer from time to time
unsecured and unsubordinated medium-term bank notes in an aggregate
principal amount of up to $500 million. The term of each note could range
from nine months to fifteen years as selected by the initial purchaser and
agreed to by the Bank. In April 1993, this program was replaced by a new
program whose offering circular detailed the Bank's capability to offer
from time to time its senior medium-term bank notes in an aggregate
principal amount of up to $1.5 billion at any one time outstanding and its
subordinated medium-term bank notes in an aggregate principal amount not to
exceed $100 million. Each senior note will mature from nine months to
fifteen years, and each subordinated note will mature from five years to
fifteen years, following its date of original issuance, as selected by the
initial purchaser and agreed to by the Bank.
(d) Notes are related to the contribution of 180,000 common shares to the ESOP
trust.
(e) Notes were issued directly by the ESOP trust in order to finance the
purchase of 4,320,000 common shares. The Corporation unconditionally
guarantees the payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest. The
interest rate is subject to adjustment in the event of certain tax law
changes affecting ESOP plans.
(f) Refer to Note 7.
lines of credit. The Corporation currently maintains commercial paper back-up
facility lines of credit with four unaffiliated banks totaling $50 million. The
facility is renewable every six months and requires the payment of an annual
commitment fee equal to 1/8 of 1% of the commitment. There were no borrowings
under commercial paper back-up facilities during 1993 or 1992.
9. stockholders' equity--
preferred stock. The Corporation is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of
preferred stock without par value. The Board of Directors is authorized to fix
the particular preferences, rights, qualifications and restrictions for each
series of preferred stock issued.
series c--In 1987, the Corporation issued 600 shares of Auction Rate
Preferred Stock (APS) Series C, with a $100,000 per share stated value.
Dividends on the shares of APS are cumulative. Rates are determined every 49
days by Dutch auction unless the Corporation fails to pay a dividend or redeem
any shares for which it has given notice of redemption, in which case the
dividend rate will be set at 175% of the 60-day "AA" Composite Commercial Paper
Rate. The dividend rate in any auction will not exceed a percentage determined
by the prevailing credit rating of the APS. The current maximum dividend rate
is 120% of the 60-day "AA" Composite Commercial Paper Rate. The average rate
for this issue as declared during 1993 was 2.68%. The shares of APS are
redeemable at the option of the Corporation, in whole or in part, on any
Dividend Payment Date at $100,000 per share, plus accrued and unpaid dividends.
series d--In 1990, the Corporation issued 600 shares of Flexible Auction Rate
Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series D (FAPS) with a $100,000 per share stated
value. Each dividend period shall contain 49 days (the "Short-Term Dividend
Period") or a number of days greater than 49 days, as selected by the Term
Selection Agent, which is divisible by seven (the "Long-Term Dividend Period").
Rates for each dividend period are determined by Dutch auction unless the
Corporation fails to pay the full amount of any dividend or redemption. The
dividend rate in any auction will not exceed a percentage (currently 125%),
determined by the prevailing credit rating of the FAPS, of the 60-day "AA"
Composite Commercial Paper Rate or the Reference Rate, which rate is the
Composite Commercial Paper Rate or the Treasury rate, as appropriate for the
length of each short-term or long-term dividend period, respectively. If the
Corporation fails to pay the full amount of any dividend or redemption, each
dividend period thereafter (until auctions are resumed) will be a Short-Term
Dividend Period and the dividend rate will be 250% of the 60-day "AA" Composite
Commercial Paper Rate; additional dividends will accrue for the balance of any
Long-Term Dividend Period in which such a failure to pay occurs. No dividends
other than dividends payable in junior stock, such as Common Stock, may be paid
on Common Stock until full cumulative dividends on the FAPS have been paid. The
average rate for this issue as declared during 1993 was 2.65%. The shares of
FAPS are redeemable at the option of the Corporation, in whole or in part, at
$100,000 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends.
series e--In February 1992, the Corporation issued $50 million of 6.25%
Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series E, sold to the public in the
form of 1,000,000 Depositary Shares, each representing one-twentieth of a share
of the Series E Preferred Stock. The stated value of the Preferred Stock is
$1,000 per share and the proportionate liquidation preference of each
Depositary Share is $50. The Preferred Stock has no preemptive rights, is not
subject to any sinking fund or other obligation of the Corporation to
repurchase or retire the Stock, and except in certain specified cases has no
voting rights. The Preferred Stock has priority over common stock as to
dividends and liquidation rights.
northern trust corporation 51
Notes To Financial Statements ( continued )
The preferred stock is convertible at any time into shares of common at a
conversion price of $41.50 (equivalent to approximately 1.2048 shares of common
stock per Depositary Share), subject to adjustment in certain events. The
Preferred Stock is not redeemable prior to February 15, 1995. Thereafter, the
Preferred Stock may be redeemed, subject to the approval of the Federal Reserve
Board, at specified redemption prices beginning with $52.1875 on February 15,
1995 and decreasing on a pro rata basis each February 15 to $50.00 per
Depositary Share on or after February 15, 2002, plus accrued and
unpaid dividends.
preferred stock purchase rights. In 1989, the Board of Directors of the
Corporation declared a dividend distribution of one Preferred Stock Purchase
Right on each outstanding share of the Corporation's common stock to the
stockholders of record on October 31, 1989. The Rights are subject to anti-
dilution provisions, and each Right is now exercisable for one-third of one-
hundredth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock at an
exercise price of $83.33 for each such fractional share. The Rights are
evidenced by the common stock certificates and are not exercisable or
transferable apart from the common stock until twenty days after a person or
group acquires 15 percent or more of the Corporation's voting power or
announces a tender or exchange offer which could result in ownership of 25
percent or more of the Corporation's voting power. Shares of the Participating
Preferred Stock purchasable upon exercise of the Rights will not be redeemable.
In the event that a person or group acquires 25 percent or more of the
Corporation's voting power or if the Corporation merges or engages in certain
self-dealing transactions with a 15 percent or more stockholder, each Right
will entitle the holder, other than such person or group in certain
circumstances, to purchase that number of shares of common stock of the
surviving company which at the time of the transaction would have a market
value of twice the exercise price of the Right.
The Rights do not have voting rights and are redeemable at the option of the
Corporation at a price of one cent per Right at any time prior to the close of
business on the 20th day following publication of the acquisition of 15 percent
or more of the Corporation's voting power by a person or group. Unless earlier
redeemed, the Rights will expire on October 31, 1999.
common stock. In November 1992 the Corporation declared a three-for-two split
of the common stock of the Corporation, to be effected by means of a 50% stock
distribution. One share for each two shares held by shareholders of record on
November 30, 1992, was distributed on December 9, 1992.
An analysis of changes in the number of shares of common stock outstanding
follows.
common stock outstanding
1993 1992 1991
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at January 1 52,831,844 34,497,869 33,935,732
Distribution of Three-for-
Two Stock Split -- 17,248,935 --
Employee Benefit Plans:
Incentive Plan and Awards 149,300 133,350 28,667
Stock Options Exercised 388,298 1,092,964 583,214
Other -- -- 6,000
Purchases of Treasury Stock (76,475) (141,274) (55,744)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31 53,292,967 52,831,844 34,497,869
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
10. Income Taxes--The table below reconciles the total income tax provision
recorded in the consolidated financial statements with the amount computed at
the applicable statutory federal tax rates of 35% in 1993 and 34% in 1992 and
1991.
Income Tax Provision
----------------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1991
- ---------------------------------------------------
Tax at Statutory Rate $ 81.9 $ 70.2 $ 55.6
Tax-Exempt Income (15.8) (16.4) (17.9)
Other, net -- 3.2 (1.5)
- ---------------------------------------------------
Provision for Income Taxes $ 66.1 $ 57.0 $ 36.2
- ---------------------------------------------------
The components of the consolidated income tax provision for each of the three
years ended December 31, are as follows.
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1991
- -------------------------------------------------
Current Tax Provision (Bene-
fit)
Federal $42.4 $38.8 $25.6
State (.6) 4.2 2.3
Foreign 2.9 .4 1.6
- -------------------------------------------------
Total 44.7 43.4 29.5
- -------------------------------------------------
Deferred Tax Provision
Federal 19.2 12.2 6.0
State 2.2 1.4 .7
- -------------------------------------------------
Total 21.4 13.6 6.7
- -------------------------------------------------
Provision for Income Taxes $66.1 $57.0 $36.2
- -------------------------------------------------
Not included in the above table, but charged or (credited) directly to
stockholders' equity, or goodwill in connection with the adoption of SFAS No.
109, are the tax effects of the following transactions.
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1991
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
Current Tax Benefit for Stock Incentive
Plans, Awards and Other Employee Benefits $(4.5) $(9.0) $(3.9)
Deferred Tax Liability (Benefit) Related to:
Reserve for Marketable Equity Securities .5 1.6 .8
Unfunded Pension Liability .3 (.2) (.1)
Reduction of Purchased Goodwill (.3) -- --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
Total $(4.0) $(7.6) $(3.2)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
52 northern trust corporation
Deferred taxes result from temporary differences between the amounts reported
in the financial statements and the tax bases of assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets have been computed based on the applicable
statutory federal tax rates of 35% at December 31, 1993 and 34% at December 31,
1992,
as follows.
December 31
-----------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992
- -------------------------------------------
Deferred Tax Liabilities
Lease Financing $39.2 $32.9
Software Development 27.6 17.1
Accumulated Depreciation 8.3 6.7
Foreign Equity Investments 1.0 4.3
Other Liabilities 6.3 5.5
- -------------------------------------------
Gross Deferred Tax Liabilities $82.4 $66.5
- -------------------------------------------
Deferred Tax Assets
Reserve for Credit Losses 50.9 49.4
Loan Fees 5.5 5.7
Leased Facilities 6.3 5.2
AMT Credit Carryforward -- 5.4
Other Assets 3.8 6.8
- -------------------------------------------
Gross Deferred Tax Assets $66.5 $72.5
Valuation Reserve -- --
- -------------------------------------------
Deferred Tax Assets, net of
Valuation Reserve $66.5 $72.5
- -------------------------------------------
Net Deferred Tax Liabilities
(Assets) $15.9 $(6.0)
- -------------------------------------------
11. Earnings Per Common Share
Computations--Primary earnings per common share is computed by dividing net
income, after deduction of the preferred stock dividends, by the daily average
number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding. Common equivalent
shares are based on outstanding stock options and common stock awards under the
1992 and the Amended Incentive Stock Plans. Fully diluted earnings per common
share in 1993 and 1992 assume, in addition to the above, the conversion of the
Series E Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock.
12. Restrictions on Subsidiary Dividends and Loans or Advances--Provisions of
state and federal banking laws restrict the amount of dividends that can be
paid to the Corporation by its banking subsidiaries. Under applicable state and
federal laws, no dividends may be paid in an amount greater than the net
profits then on hand, reduced by certain loan losses (as defined in the
applicable statute). In addition, for each of the Corporation's Federal Reserve
member banking subsidiaries, prior approval of federal banking authorities is
required if dividends declared by a subsidiary bank in any calendar year will
exceed its net profits (as defined) for that year, combined with its retained
profits for the preceding two years.
Based on these regulations, the Corporation's banking subsidiaries, without
regulatory approval, could declare dividends during 1994 equal to their 1994
eligible net profits (as defined) plus $170.6 million. The ability of each
banking subsidiary to pay dividends to the Corporation may be further
restricted as a result of regulatory policies and guidelines relating to
dividend payments and capital adequacy.
State and federal laws limit the transfer of funds by a banking subsidiary to
the Corporation and certain of its affiliates in the form of loans or
extensions of credit, investments or purchases of assets. Transfers of this
kind to the Corporation or a nonbanking subsidiary by a banking subsidiary are
each limited to 10% of the banking subsidiary's capital and surplus with
respect to each affiliate and to 20% in the aggregate, and are also subject to
certain collateral requirements. These transactions, as well as other
transactions between a banking subsidiary and the Corporation or its
affiliates, must also be on terms substantially the same as, or at least as
favorable as, those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with
non-affiliated companies or, in the absence of comparable transactions, on
terms, or under circumstances, including credit standards, that would be
offered to, or would apply to, non-affiliated companies.
13. Other Operating Income--The fee portion of treasury management revenues
totaled $49.0 million in 1993, $49.7 million in 1992 and $40.4 million in 1991.
Net foreign exchange revenues including trading, hedge and translation gains or
losses were $32.1 million in 1993, $21.8 million in 1992 and $16.1 million in
1991, and included foreign exchange trading profits of $32.4 million, $21.9
million and $16.3 million in 1993, 1992 and 1991, respectively.
northern trust corporation 53
Notes To Financial Statements ( continued )
14. Pension and Other Employee Benefits--
pension. The following tables set forth the status and the net periodic pension
cost of the Corporation's domestic qualified and nonqualified pension benefit
plans for 1993 and 1992. Prior service costs and unrecognized net assets
established at January 1, 1986 are being amortized on a straight-line basis
over 13.2 years.
plan status
Nonqualified
Qualified Plan Plan
---------------- --------------
September 30
--------------------------------
( Amounts in
Millions ) 1993 1992 1993 1992
- ---------------------------------------------------
Actuarial
Present Value
of Benefit
Obligation:
Vested Benefit
Obligation $ 108.7 $ 86.9 $11.7 $ 9.9
- ---------------------------------------------------
Accumulated
Benefit
Obligation $ 127.3 $102.0 $13.3 $10.4
- ---------------------------------------------------
Projected
Benefit
Obligation for
Service
Rendered to
Date $ 168.9 $155.5 $20.1 $17.2
Plan Assets at
Fair Value 168.3 148.0 -- --
- ---------------------------------------------------
Plan Assets Less
Than Projected
Benefit
Obligation (.6) (7.5) (20.1) (17.2)
Unrecognized Net
Asset
(Established
January 1, 1986) (9.3) (10.9) (.4) (.5)
Unrecognized Net
Loss 34.8 35.8 7.4 8.8
Unrecognized
Prior Service
Cost 1.4 6.1 5.0 .7
Valuation
Adjustment (.5) (.5) -- --
- ---------------------------------------------------
Prepaid
(Accrued)
Pension Cost at
September 30 25.8 23.0 (8.1) (8.2)
- ---------------------------------------------------
Net (Expense)
Funding October
to December 2.6 (1.6) .7 1.4
Additional
Minimum
Liability at
December 31 -- -- (4.5) (1.5)
- ---------------------------------------------------
Prepaid
(Accrued)
Pension Cost at
December 31 $ 28.4 $ 21.4 $(11.9) $ (8.3)
- ---------------------------------------------------
Assumptions:
Discount Rates 7.00% 7.25% 6.75% 6.75%
Rate of
Increase in
Compensation
Level 5.00 5.50 5.00 5.50
Expected Long-
Term Rate of
Return on
Assets 9.50 10.00 N/A N/A
- ---------------------------------------------------
net periodic pension cost
Nonqualified
Qualified Plan Plan
---------------- -------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1993 1992
- --------------------------------------------------
Net Pension Cost
Included the
Following
Components:
Service Cost
Benefits Earned
During the
Period $ 10.2 $ 8.6 $1.0 $1.2
Interest Cost on
Projected
Benefit
Obligation 11.0 9.7 1.1 1.0
Actual Return on
Plan Assets (20.4) (10.6) -- --
Net Amortization
and Deferral 6.4 (1.3) .6 .5
- --------------------------------------------------
Net Periodic
Pension Cost $ 7.2 $ 6.4 $2.7 $2.7
- --------------------------------------------------
Pension expense for 1991 was $5.1 million and $2.2 million for the qualified
and nonqualified plans, respectively. In 1993 a settlement loss of $1.7 million
was recognized due to payments from the Nonqualified Plan, and is included in
other operating expenses in the statement of income.
The Corporation also maintains pension plans for its London Branch employees.
At December 31, 1993, the fair value of assets and the projected benefit
obligation totaled approximately $5.5 million and $6.0 million, respectively.
At December 31, 1992, the fair value of assets and the projected benefit
obligation were $5.4 million and $5.5 million, respectively. Pension expense
for 1993 and 1992 was $.7 million in both years.
thrift incentive plan. Total expenses associated with the Thrift Incentive Plan
amounted to $9.9 million in 1993, $8.7 million in 1992 and $8.1 million in
1991.
"rabbi" trust. Total assets in the Corporation's "Rabbi" Trust related to the
nonqualified pension plan at December 31, 1993, December 31, 1992 and December
31, 1991 amounted to $9.4 million, $12.8 million and $11.1 million,
respectively.
esop. The following table presents information related to the Employee Stock
Ownership Plan (ESOP).
(In Millions) 1993 1992
- --------------------------------------------------
Total ESOP Compensation Expense $4.3 $3.8
Interest Incurred on ESOP-Related Debt 3.9 4.4
Amount Contributed to ESOP-Related Debt 8.2 8.2
Dividends and Interest on Unallocated
ESOP Shares Used for Debt Service 2.1 2.1
- --------------------------------------------------
other postretirement benefits. The following tables set forth the status and
the net periodic postretirement benefit cost of the Corporation's
postretirement health care plan for 1993. The transition obligation at January
1, 1993 will be amortized to expense over a twenty year period.
plan status
Health
( In Millions ) Plan
- ------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation (APBO)
Measured at September 30, 1993
Retirees and dependents $15.3
Actives eligible for benefits 4.5
Actives not yet eligible 15.1
- ------------------------------------------------------------
Total APBO 34.9
Less: Unamortized Transition Obligation 26.6
Less: Unrecognized Net Loss 5.1
- ------------------------------------------------------------
Net Postretirement Benefit Liability $ 3.2
- ------------------------------------------------------------
net periodic postretirement benefit cost
( In Millions ) 1993
- ----------------------------------------------
Service Cost $1.2
Interest Cost 2.2
Amortization of Transition Obligation 1.4
- ----------------------------------------------
Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost $4.8
- ----------------------------------------------
Payments for postretirement health care totaled $1.6 million in 1993.
Postretirement health care expense for 1992 and 1991
54 northern trust corporation
under the previous method of accounting was $2.0 million and $1.6 million,
respectively.
For measurement purposes, an 11.2 percent annual increase in the cost of
covered health care benefits was assumed for 1994. This rate is assumed to
decrease gradually to 5.6 percent in 2021 and remain at that level thereafter.
The health care cost trend rate assumption has a significant effect on the
amounts reported. For example, increasing the assumed health care trend rate by
one percentage point in each year would increase the accumulated postretirement
benefit obligation for the postretirement health care plan as of December 31,
1993 by approximately $4.9 million, and the aggregate of the service and
interest cost components of the 1993 net periodic postretirement benefit cost
by $.6 million. The weighted average discount rate used in determining the
accumulated postretirement benefit obligation was 7.25 percent at December 31,
1993.
postemployment benefits. In November 1992, the FASB issued SFAS No. 112,
"Employers' Accounting for Postemployment Benefits." The new statement requires
employers to adopt accrual accounting for workers compensation, disability,
severance and other benefits provided after employment but before retirement.
The statement takes effect January 1, 1994 and requires employers to
immediately recognize their liability for postemployment benefits as of that
date. Since the Corporation's current accounting policies are essentially in
compliance with the requirements of this statement, the adoption of SFAS No.
112 will not have a material impact on the results of operations.
15. Contingent Liabilities--Because of the nature of its activities, the
Corporation is subject to pending and threatened legal actions that arise in
the normal course of business. In the judgment of management, after
consultation with Corporation's counsel, none of the litigation to which the
parent company or any of its subsidiaries is a party will have a material
effect, either individually or in the aggregate, on the financial position or
results of operations of the Corporation.
16. Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments--
a. commitments and letters of credit. The Corporation, in the normal course of
business, enters into various types of commitments and issues letters of credit
in order to meet the liquidity and credit enhancement needs of its clients.
Credit risk is the principal risk associated with these instruments. The
contractual amounts of these instruments represent the credit risk should the
instrument be fully drawn upon and the client default. In order to control the
credit risk associated with entering into commitments and issuing letters of
credit, the Corporation subjects such activity to the same credit quality and
monitoring controls as its lending activities.
Commitments and letters of credit consist of the following:
Legally Binding Commitments to Extend Credit generally have fixed expiration
dates or other termination clauses. Since a significant portion of the
commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total
commitment amount does not necessarily represent future loans or liquidity
requirements.
Commitments to Place Money Market Assets are unsettled placements of
Eurodollar deposits. Such placements generally take two business days to
settle.
Participations in Bankers Acceptances obligate the Corporation, in the event
of default by the counterparty, to reimburse the holder of the acceptance an
amount equal to the Corporation's participation in the acceptance.
Commercial Letters of Credit are instruments issued by the Corporation on
behalf of its clients that authorize a third party (the beneficiary) to draw
drafts up to a stipulated amount under the specified terms and conditions of
the agreement. Commercial letters of credit are issued primarily to facilitate
international trade.
Standby Letters of Credit obligate the Corporation to meet certain financial
obligations of its clients, if, under the contractual terms of the agreement,
the clients are unable to do so. These instruments are primarily issued to
support public and private financial commitments, including commercial paper,
bond financing, initial margin requirements on futures exchanges and similar
transactions.
The following table shows the contractual amounts of the Corporation's
commitments and letters of credit.
commitments and letters of credit
December 31
-----------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992
- --------------------------------------------------
Legally Binding Commitments to
Extend Credit $6,184.8 $5,842.0
Commitments to Place Money Mar-
ket Assets 308.4 300.1
Participations in Bankers Ac-
ceptances 7.5 15.8
Commercial Letters of Credit 205.3 122.7
Standby Letters of Credit:
Corporate $ 376.0 $ 362.0
Industrial Revenue 239.6 288.9
Other 211.8 102.3
- --------------------------------------------------
Total Standby Letters of Cred-
it* $ 827.4 $ 753.2
- --------------------------------------------------
*These amounts include $85.4 million and $92.0 million of standby letters of
credit secured by cash deposits or participated to others as of December 31,
1993 and 1992, respectively. The weighted average maturity of standby letters
of credit was 16 months at December 31, 1993 and 17 months at December 31,
1992.
b. risk management instruments. These instruments include foreign exchange
contracts and various interest risk management instruments.
The Corporation is a party to various risk management instruments that are
used in the normal course of business to meet the risk management needs of its
clients; as part of its trading activity for its own account; and as part of
its asset/liability management activities. The major risk associated with these
instruments is that interest or foreign exchange rates could change in an
unanticipated manner, resulting in higher interest costs or a loss in the
underlying value of the instrument.
northern trust corporation 55
Notes To Financial Statements ( continued )
The Corporation mitigates this risk by establishing limits for risk management
positions, monitoring the level of actual positions taken against such
established limits, monitoring the level of any interest rate sensitivity gaps
created by such positions, and by using hedging techniques. When establishing
position limits, the Corporation takes into account market liquidity and
volatility, as well as its experience in each market.
The estimated credit risk associated with these instruments relates to the
failure of the counterparty to pay based on the contractual terms of the
agreement, and is generally limited to the gross unrealized market value gains
on these instruments. The amount of credit risk will increase or decrease
during the life of the instruments as interest and foreign exchange rates
fluctuate. This risk is controlled by limiting such activity to an approved
list of counterparties and by subjecting such activity to the same credit and
quality controls as are followed in lending and investment activities.
Risk management instruments include:
Foreign Exchange Contracts are agreements to exchange specific amounts of
currencies at a future date, at a specified rate of exchange. The Corporation
enters into foreign exchange contracts primarily to meet the foreign exchange
risk management needs of clients. Foreign exchange contracts are also used for
trading purposes and to decrease the Corporation's exposure to fluctuations in
the dollar value of foreign currencies.
Interest Rate Futures Contracts are contracts for delayed delivery of
securities or money market instruments in which the buyer agrees to take
delivery at a specified future date of a specified instrument, at a specified
price or yield. All of the Corporation's interest rate futures contracts are
traded on organized exchanges that require the daily settlement of margin
payments. Interest rate futures contracts are utilized in trading activities
and asset/liability management to manage the Corporation's exposure to
fluctuating interest rates.
Interest Rate Protection products are sold by the Corporation to enable
clients to transfer, modify or reduce their interest rate risk. As a seller of
interest rate protection, the Corporation receives a fee at the outset of the
agreement and then assumes the risk of an unfavorable change in interest rates.
Interest Rate Swap Transactions involve the exchange of fixed and floating
rate interest payment obligations without the exchange of the underlying
principal amounts.
Commitments to Accept Money Market Deposits represent a promise to pay a
specified fixed rate on funds that will be deposited at some point in the
future.
The following table shows the contractual/notional amounts of risk management
instruments.
risk management instruments
Contractual/Notional Amounts*
December 31
------------------------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992
- --------------------------------------------------
Foreign Exchange
Contracts $10,190.5 $6,425.0
Interest Rate
Futures Contracts
Purchased 3.0 6.0
Sold 312.0 138.0
Interest Rate Pro-
tection Contracts
Purchased 51.2 64.0
Sold 51.8 57.6
Interest Rate
Swaps
Asset/Liability
Management 1,352.3 790.2
Client-Related
and Other 357.8 595.0
Commitments to Ac-
cept Money Market
Deposits 209.1 78.1
- --------------------------------------------------
*The notional amounts of risk management instruments do not represent credit
risk, and are not recorded in the consolidated statement of condition. They are
used merely to express the volume of this activity.
Gross unrealized gains and losses on open risk management instruments used
for trading purposes are generally recorded on a net basis in the consolidated
statement of condition. These amounts represent the estimated fair values of
these instruments.
December 31
------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992
- --------------------------------------------------
Gross Unrealized Gains
Interest Risk Management Instruments $ 9.5 $ 15.1
Foreign Exchange Contracts 89.3 115.2
Gross Unrealized Losses
Interest Risk Management Instruments 10.1 16.4
Foreign Exchange Contracts 90.4 122.9
- --------------------------------------------------
The credit risk on interest risk management instruments used for hedging
purposes, which represents the accrued receivable included in the statement of
condition, totaled $5.7 million and $2.4 million as of December 31, 1993 and
1992, respectively.
Consistent with banking industry practice, the Corporation currently records
recognized gains and losses on foreign exchange contracts, interest rate swaps,
and interest rate protection contracts in the statement of condition on a net
basis. As a result of FASB Interpretation No. 39, "Offsetting of Amounts
Related to Certain Contracts," which was issued in March 1992, beginning in
1994 the Corporation will be required to record these recognized gains as
assets and recognized losses as liabilities. Unrealized gains and losses on
multiple contracts may continue to be shown on a net basis only when the
contracts are executed with the same counterparty and a legally enforceable
master netting agreement is in place.
c. other off-balance sheet financial instruments. As part of the Corporation's
securities custody activities and at the direction of trust clients the
Corporation lends securities owned by clients to borrowers who are reviewed by
the Corporation's Credit Policy Credit Approval Committee. In connection with
these activities, the Corporation has issued certain indemnifications against
loss resulting from the bankruptcy of the borrower of securities. The borrowing
party is required to fully collateralize securities received with cash, U.S.
Government and
56 northern trust corporation
government agency securities, or irrevocable standby letters of credit. As
securities are loaned, collateral is maintained at a minimum of 100 percent of
the fair value of the securities plus accrued interest, with revaluation of the
collateral on a daily basis. The amount of securities loaned as of December 31,
1993 and 1992 subject to indemnification was $4.7 billion and $3.5 billion,
respectively. The estimated credit risk associated with this activity was zero,
as all securities borrowed were collateralized in excess of 100 percent of
their current fair value as of December 31, 1993 and 1992. Because of the
requirement to fully collateralize securities borrowed, management believes
that the exposure to credit loss from this activity is remote.
The Bank is a participating member of various cash and securities clearing
organizations. The Bank participates in these organizations on behalf of its
clients and on behalf of itself as a result of its own investment and trading
activities. A wide variety of securities transactions are settled through these
organizations, including those involving obligations of states and political
subdivisions, asset-backed securities, commercial paper, Eurodollars and
securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association.
As a result of its participation in cash and securities clearing organiza-
tions, the Bank could be responsible for a pro rata share of certain credit-re-
lated losses arising out of the clearing activities. The method in which such
losses would be shared by the clearing members is stipulated in each clearing
organization's membership agreement. The Bank's credit exposure related to
these agreements varies from day to day, primarily as a result of fluctuations
in the volume of transactions cleared through the organizations. The estimated
credit exposure at December 31, 1993 and 1992 was $66 million and $93 million,
respectively, based on the clearing volume for those days. Controls related to
these clearing transactions are closely monitored, however, to protect the as-
sets of the Bank.
17. Concentrations of Credit Risk--The information in the section titled Loans
and Other Extensions of Credit found on pages 31 through 33 is incorporatedby
reference.
18. Pledged and Restricted Assets--Certain of the Corporation's subsidiaries
are required to pledge assets to secure public and trust deposits and for other
purposes as required or permitted by law. On December 31, 1993, securities and
loans totaling $3.6 billion ($2.1 billion of U.S. Government and agency
securities, $284.1 million of obligations of states and political subdivisions
and $1.2 billion of loans and other securities), were pledged. Collateral
required for these purposes totaled $2.8 billion. Deposits required to be
maintained at the Federal Reserve Bank averaged $306.0 million in 1993 and
$208.0 million in 1992.
19. Incentive Plans and Awards-- 1992 incentive stock plan and amended
incentive stock plan (plans). As of December 31, 1993, shares available for
future grants under the Plans totaled 2,453,300. Stock options granted under
the Plans during 1993 and 1992 are summarized below.
Outstanding Options
---------------------------
Shares Option Price
- -------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at December 31, 1991 3,987,854 $ 6.74 to 31.00
- -------------------------------------------------------------
Cancelled during 1992 (6,000) $31.00
Exercised during 1992 (1,092,965) 6.74 to 31.00
Granted during 1992 593,250 37.83 to 39.25
- -------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at December 31, 1992 3,482,139 $ 6.74 to 39.25
- -------------------------------------------------------------
Cancelled during 1993 (8,250) $39.25
Exercised during 1993 (388,298) 6.74 to 39.25
Granted during 1993 551,700 39.75 to 41.63
- -------------------------------------------------------------
outstanding at
december 31, 1993 3,637,291 $ 6.74 TO 41.63
- -------------------------------------------------------------
Exercisable at December 31, 1992 2,888,889 $ 6.74 to 31.00
- -------------------------------------------------------------
exercisable at
december 31, 1993 3,085,591 $ 6.74 TO 39.25
- -------------------------------------------------------------
As of December 31, 1993, 294,000 shares of stock have been credited to
performance share accounts associated with the stock awards under the Plans. At
December 31, 1993, 382,668 shares had been awarded, subject to vesting
conditions, for three year performance periods ending in 1993 through 1995.
Total salary expense applicable to the stock awards was $6.3 million in 1993
and $6.0 million in 1992 and 1991.
performance incentive plans. Expense related to performance incentive plans is
included in salary expense and totaled $29.3 million in 1993, $27.1 million in
1992 and $21.4 million in 1991.
20. International Operations (based on obligor's domicile)--The Corporation's
international activities are centered in the commercial banking, capital
markets and global custody businesses of The Northern Trust Company, Chicago,
two overseas branches, one Edge Act subsidiary and the International Department
of the Northern Trust Bank of Florida N.A. (Miami bank). Total assets employed
in international operations were $2.7 billion on December 31, 1993, $2.2
billion on December 31, 1992 and $1.7 billion on December 31, 1991. Of these
assets, $1.5 billion on both December 31, 1993 and December 31, 1992, and
$924.3 million on December 31, 1991, were employed in Europe.
Net income from international operations includes the direct net income
contributions of foreign branches and the Edge Act subsidiary. The Northern
Trust Company, Chicago, and Miami bank international profit contributions
include direct salary and other expenses of the business units plus expense
allocations for interest, occupancy, overhead and the provision for credit
losses. The interest expense is allocated to international operations based on
specifically matched or pooled funding. Allocations of indirect noninterest
expenses related to international activities are not significant but, when
made, are based on various methods such as time, space and number of employees.
northern trust corporation 57
Notes To Financial Statements ( continued )
The tables below summarize international performance based on the domicile of
the primary obligor without regard to guarantors or the location of collateral.
geographic distribution of selected assets
December 31, 1993 December 31, 1992 December 31, 1991
---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ----------------------------------
Time Other Time Other Time Other
Deposits Money Customers' Deposits Money Customers' Deposits Money Customers'
( In with Market Acceptance with Market Acceptance with Market Acceptance
Millions ) Banks Assets Loans Liability Banks Assets Loans Liability Banks Assets Loans Liability
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Europe $1,129.2 $ -- $184.7 $ .1 $1,333.4 $15.0 $124.6 $ .1 $ 678.6 $2.8 $182.5 $ .2
North America 557.5 -- 44.7 -- 295.2 -- 28.6 -- 287.0 -- 6.2 --
Latin America 177.3 .7 116.1* 3.9 112.0 1.1 110.2* 3.6 10.0 -- 103.3* 2.5
Asia-Pacific 226.2 -- 7.8 .3 118.8 2.0 10.1 .2 280.0 -- 16.1 .1
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $2,090.2 $ .7 $353.3 $4.3 $1,859.4 $18.1 $273.5 $3.9 $1,255.6 $2.8 $308.1 $2.8
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Includes loans guaranteed by the Export Import Bank of $85.8 million in 1993,
$57.6 million in 1992 and $54.9 million in 1991. The majority of the remaining
loans are trade-related.
geographic distribution of operating performance
1993 1992 1991
----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------
Gross Income Gross Income Gross Income
( In Operating before Net Operating before Net Operating before Net
Millions ) Income Taxes Income Income Taxes Income Income Taxes Income
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Europe $105.7 $11.2 $ 7.1 $106.6 $ 7.9 $5.0 $ 84.1 $ 7.5 $ 4.3
North America 68.2 4.7 2.9 58.5 2.8 1.9 36.4 5.9 3.2
Latin America 46.8 4.8 3.0 34.5 4.1 2.5 17.2 2.5 2.7
Asia-Pacific 20.9 3.1 1.9 7.9 .5 .3 31.4 3.8 2.3
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $241.6 $23.8 $14.9 $207.5 $15.3 $9.7 $169.1 $19.7 $12.5
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. Acquisitions--On January 31, 1992, Northern Trust Corporation and its
subsidiary Northern Trust Bank of California N.A. completed the acquisition of
a portion of the trust business assets (approximately $4 billion of assets
under administration) of Trust Services of America, Inc., for a purchase price
of $47.5 million. The transaction resulted in goodwill of $21.1 million to be
amortized on a straight-line basis over fifteen years.
In June 1991, the Corporation acquired Tri-Valley National Bank in Dublin,
California for $4.1 million. The acquisition was accounted for under the
purchase method and resulted in goodwill of $.8 million to be amortized on a
straight-line basis over fifteen years. Upon completion of the acquisition, the
bank was merged with Northern Trust Bank of California N.A.
In December 1993, the Corporation announced a definitive agreement to acquire
Beach One Financial Services, Inc., parent company of The Beach Bank of Vero
Beach (Florida). Beach One's assets totaled $218.2 million at December 31, 1993
and net income totaled $2.9 million in 1993. The acquisition agreement calls
for Beach One shareholders to receive Northern Trust Corporation Common Stock
aggregating $56.2 million with the exchange ratio set on the basis of the
average last-sale prices for Northern Common Stock on the NASDAQ National
Market System over a 20-day trading period ending just prior to closing. The
maximum number of shares Northern is required to issue without further approval
of directors is 1,701,515, equivalent to a formula price of $33 per share. The
minimum number of shares Beach One holders are required to accept is 1,169,791,
equivalent to a formula price of $48 per share. The agreement is subject to the
approval of Beach One shareholders and to various regulatory approvals and
other legal requirements. The acquisition is expected to close in the third
quarter of 1994. The Corporation expects to account for this transaction as a
pooling-of-interests.
In December 1993, the Corporation signed a definitive agreement to acquire
Hazlehurst & Associates, Inc., a privately-held retirement benefit plan
services company. As of December 31, 1993, Hazlehurst had total assets of $9.5
million and pretax net income in 1993 of $1.5 million. The acquisition
agreement calls for Hazlehurst shareholders to receive Northern Trust
Corporation Common Stock aggregating $22.5 million with the exchange ratio set
on the basis of the average last-sale prices for Northern Common Stock on the
NASDAQ National Market System over a 20-day trading period ending just prior to
closing. Under the terms of the agreement, Northern will issue a maximum of
681,818 shares, equivalent to a formula price of $33 per share. The minimum
number of shares Hazlehurst holders are required to accept is 468,750,
equivalent to a formula price of $48 per share. The agreement is subject to the
approval of Hazlehurst shareholders, to regulatory approval and other legal
requirements. The acquisition is expected to close in the second quarter of
1994. The Corporation expects to account for this transaction as a pooling-of-
interests.
58 northern trust corporation
22. Parent Company--Condensed financial information of Northern Trust
Corporation, the Parent Company, is presented below. Investments in wholly-
owned subsidiaries are carried on the equity method of accounting.
statement of condition
December 31
-----------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992
- --------------------------------------------------
assets
Cash on Deposit with Subsidiary
Bank $ .1 $ .3
Investment Securities - Held
for Investment 15.5 19.8
- - Held for Sale 129.2 98.2
Time Deposits with Banks-Inter-
national 158.7 29.0
Investments in Wholly-Owned
Subsidiaries
Bank Subsidiaries 1,021.4 933.1
Nonbank Subsidiaries 22.0 19.8
Loans
Bank Subsidiaries 75.0 200.0
Nonbank Subsidiaries 10.9 8.0
Other 26.9 27.0
Buildings and Equipment 6.2 6.0
Other Assets 51.5 46.0
- --------------------------------------------------
Total Assets $1,517.4 $1,387.2
- --------------------------------------------------
liabilities
Notes Payable $ 218.3 $ 224.6
Commercial Paper 124.1 127.0
Other Liabilities 23.3 25.1
- --------------------------------------------------
Total Liabilities 365.7 376.7
Stockholders' Equity 1,151.7 1,010.5
- --------------------------------------------------
Total Liabilities and Stock-
holders' Equity $1,517.4 $1,387.2
- --------------------------------------------------
statement of income
For the Year Ended
December 31
----------------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1991
- ----------------------------------------------------
operating income
Dividends
Bank Subsidiaries $ 86.7 $ 68.3 $ 52.5
Nonbank Subsidiaries .6 .5 5.5
Intercompany Interest and
Other Charges 15.2 14.6 10.8
Interest and Other Income 6.9 8.5 15.0
- ----------------------------------------------------
Total Operating Income 109.4 91.9 83.8
- ----------------------------------------------------
Operating Expenses
Interest Expense 22.1 25.0 27.5
Other Operating Expenses 12.2 5.0 2.5
- ----------------------------------------------------
Total Operating Expenses 34.3 30.0 30.0
- ----------------------------------------------------
Income before Income Taxes
and Equity in
Undistributed Net Income
of Subsidiaries 75.1 61.9 53.8
Benefit for Income Taxes (6.8) (5.4) (5.1)
- ----------------------------------------------------
Income before Equity in Un-
distributed Net Income of
Subsidiaries 81.9 67.3 58.9
Equity in Undistributed Net
Income (Loss) of Subsidi-
aries
Bank Subsidiaries 83.0 79.2 72.0
Nonbank Subsidiaries 3.0 3.0 (3.5)
- ----------------------------------------------------
net income $167.9 $149.5 $127.4
- ----------------------------------------------------
Net Income Applicable to
Common Stock $161.6 $142.7 $121.4
- ----------------------------------------------------
statement of cash flows
For the Year Ended
December 31
-------------------------
( In Millions ) 1993 1992 1991
- ---------------------------------------------------
operating activities:
Net Income $ 167.9 $ 149.5 $ 127.4
Adjustments to
Reconcile Net Income
to Net Cash Provided
by
Operating Activities:
Equity in
Undistributed Net
Income
of Subsidiaries (86.0) (82.2) (68.5)
Decrease in Accrued
Income .3 .4 .6
(Increase) Decrease in
Prepaid Expenses .2 .6 (.8)
Other Noncash, net (1.6) 2.3 (6.4)
- ---------------------------------------------------
Net Cash Provided by
Operating Activities 80.8 70.6 52.3
- ---------------------------------------------------
investing activities:
Purchases of
Investment Securities (106.1) (197.7) (149.5)
Sales of Investment
Securities 62.3 163.8 144.2
Proceeds from Maturity
and Redemption of
Investment Securities 18.4 72.1 38.5
Net (Increase)
Decrease in Time
Deposits with Banks (129.7) 78.9 (106.1)
Capital Investments in
Subsidiaries (4.0) (52.5) (10.0)
Net (Increase)
Decrease in Loans to
Subsidiaries 122.1 (125.7) (24.9)
Net (Increase)
Decrease in Other
Loans .2 .2 (2.2)
Other, net (2.0) (.9) (.1)
- ---------------------------------------------------
Net Cash Used in
Investing Activities (38.8) (61.8) (110.1)
- ---------------------------------------------------
financing activities:
Net Decrease in
Commercial Paper (2.9) (2.4) (14.3)
Proceeds from Notes
Payable -- -- 100.0
Repayment of Notes
Payable (6.3) (30.9) (5.3)
Treasury Stock
Purchased (2.2) (2.5) (.2)
Cash Dividends Paid on
Common and Preferred
Stock (45.8) (39.5) (35.4)
Proceeds from
Preferred Stock
Issued -- 48.5 --
Net Proceeds from
Stock Options 4.0 11.7 7.5
Other, net 11.0 6.4 5.5
- ---------------------------------------------------
Net Cash Provided by
(Used in)
Financing Activities (42.2) (8.7) 57.8
- ---------------------------------------------------
Net Change in Cash on
Deposit with
Subsidiary Bank (.2) .1 --
Cash on Deposit with
Subsidiary Bank at
Beginning of Year .3 .2 .2
- ---------------------------------------------------
cash on deposit with
subsidiary bank at end
of year $ .1 $ .3 $ .2
- ---------------------------------------------------
23. Potential Sale of Investment--For information regarding the potential sale
of the Corporation's 21% investment in Banque Scandinave en Suisse, refer to
the last paragraph in the section titled Capital found on page 39 which is
incorporated herein by reference.
northern trust corporation 59
Report of Independent Public Accountants
to the stockholders and board of directors, northern trust
corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statement of condition
of Northern Trust Corporation (a Delaware Corporation) and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 1993 and 1992, and the related
consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders' equity
and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 1993. These financial statements are the responsibility
of the Corporation's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted
auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Northern
Trust Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1993 and 1992,
and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1993 in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles.
Arthur Andersen & Co.
Chicago, Illinois,
January 18, 1994.
60 northern trust corporation
consolidated financial statistics
Average Statement of Condition
( Amounts in Millions ) 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
assets
Cash and Due from Banks $ 1,025.3 $ 937.8 $ 839.9 $ 815.9 $ 805.9 $ 811.6
Investment Securities - Held for Investment
U.S. Government and Other 3,498.9 2,658.1 1,933.9 1,829.0 2,259.6 1,601.4
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions 502.3 516.0 533.8 510.6 432.8 361.4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Investment Securities - Held for Invest-
ment 4,001.2 3,174.1 2,467.7 2,339.6 2,692.4 1,962.8
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investment Securities - Held for Sale 201.3 -- -- -- -- --
Securities Held for Trading 29.5 16.2 32.1 57.0 145.2 164.4
Money Market Assets
Federal Funds Sold and Repurchase Agreements 171.3 237.8 304.8 285.6 280.0 379.5
Time Deposits with Banks - Domestic .1 1.9 7.9 23.4 48.4 88.5
- International 1,956.7 1,618.6 1,323.4 889.1 582.1 840.5
Other 73.5 104.4 274.4 833.9 510.9 301.4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Money Market Assets 2,201.6 1,962.7 1,910.5 2,032.0 1,421.4 1,609.9
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Loans and Leases - Domestic 7,017.2 6,165.3 5,900.0 5,537.7 4,693.5 3,858.3
- International 279.9 287.6 299.4 310.0 327.4 418.1
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Loans and Leases 7,297.1 6,452.9 6,199.4 5,847.7 5,020.9 4,276.4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reserve for Credit Losses (145.5) (145.6) (146.6) (149.3) (151.0) (198.2)
Other Assets 1,089.7 1,019.9 879.5 739.2 587.1 506.1
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Assets $15,700.2 $13,418.0 $12,182.5 $11,682.1 $10,521.9 $ 9,133.0
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
liabilities
Deposits
Demand and Other Noninterest-Bearing $ 2,554.9 $ 1,876.0 $ 1,635.8 $ 1,597.2 $ 1,570.1 $ 1,600.0
Savings and Money Market Deposits 3,432.1 3,372.2 3,208.1 2,975.9 2,382.4 2,364.1
Savings Certificates 1,172.9 1,370.8 1,569.7 1,456.9 1,267.5 976.1
Other Time 404.7 493.9 533.1 520.8 392.4 442.1
Foreign Offices - Demand 65.3 56.2 41.8 81.8 99.2 93.7
- Time 2,436.4 1,815.6 1,100.6 1,105.6 844.4 835.0
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Deposits 10,066.3 8,984.7 8,089.1 7,738.2 6,556.0 6,311.0
Federal Funds Purchased 1,692.5 1,540.2 1,412.8 1,463.6 1,132.4 939.7
Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase 664.4 542.9 463.8 700.3 1,378.4 710.2
Commercial Paper 131.5 132.9 129.3 129.0 61.3 56.2
Other Borrowings 868.9 526.6 703.3 483.8 327.5 285.0
Senior Medium-Term Notes 554.1 85.2 1.6 -- -- --
Notes Payable 297.9 258.8 245.2 204.9 237.0 175.0
Other Liabilities 351.5 419.6 378.9 319.7 279.3 189.7
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Liabilities 14,627.1 12,490.9 11,424.0 11,039.5 9,971.9 8,666.8
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
stockholders' equity 1,073.1 927.1 758.5 642.6 550.0 466.2
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity $15,700.2 $13,418.0 $12,182.5 $11,682.1 $10,521.9 $ 9,133.0
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ratios
Dividend Payout Ratio 25.6% 24.4% 24.6% 24.5% 20.7% 15.7%
Return on Average Assets 1.07 1.11 1.05 .99 1.08 1.20
Return on Average Common Equity 17.89 18.71 19.01 19.78 23.94 28.87
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Adjusted Assets 9.31 8.08 6.74 5.76 5.34
Total Capital to Risk-Adjusted Assets 13.41 11.56 10.68 8.97 8.61
Leverage 6.24 6.06 5.38 4.57 4.69
Average Stockholders' Equity to Average Assets 6.83 6.91 6.23 5.50 5.23 5.10
Average Loans and Leases Times Average
Stockholders' Equity 6.8X 7.0x 8.2x 9.1x 9.1x 9.2x
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stockholders - End of Period 2,922 2,893 2,840 2,725 2,685 2,304
Staff - End of Period (Full-time equivalent) 6,259 6,249 5,798 5,784 5,632 5,387
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
62 northern trust corporation
consolidated financial statistics
Analysis of Net Interest Income
( Interest and rate on a 1993 1992
taxable equivalent basis ) ------------------------ -------------------------
( Amounts in Millions ) Interest Volume Rate Interest Volume Rate
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
average earning assets
Loans and Leases
- - Domestic $425.0 $ 7,017.2 6.06% $429.8 $ 6,165.3 6.97%
- - International 14.3 279.9 5.13 18.3 287.6 6.36
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Loans and Leases 439.3 7,297.1 6.02 448.1 6,452.9 6.94
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Money Market Assets
Federal Funds Sold and
Repurchase Agreements 5.5 171.3 3.24 8.8 237.8 3.70
Time Deposits with
Banks - Domestic .1 .1 2.94 .2 1.9 8.30
- International 86.4 1,956.7 4.42 95.4 1,618.6 5.89
Other 2.6 73.5 3.53 4.6 104.4 4.46
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Money Market Assets 94.6 2,201.6 4.30 109.0 1,962.7 5.55
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investment Securities -
Held for Investment
U.S. Government 97.7 2,581.4 3.78 90.3 1,759.7 5.13
Obligations of States and
Political Subdivisions 58.6 502.3 11.66 59.2 516.0 11.46
Federal Agency 29.3 765.7 3.82 23.9 521.6 4.59
Other 7.9 151.8 5.25 22.9 376.8 6.07
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Investment Securities
- - Held for Investment 193.5 4,001.2 4.84 196.3 3,174.1 6.18
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investment Securities -
Held for Sale 10.9 201.3 5.42 -- -- --
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities Held for Trading 2.2 29.5 7.52 1.0 16.2 6.01
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Earning Assets $740.5 $13,730.7 5.39% $754.4 $11,605.9 6.50%
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
average source of funds
Deposits
Savings and Money Market
Deposits $ 78.8 $ 3,432.1 2.30% $ 99.1 $ 3,372.2 2.94%
Savings Certificates 50.5 1,172.9 4.31 69.9 1,370.8 5.10
Other Time 15.7 404.7 3.88 25.4 493.9 5.15
Foreign Offices Time 90.4 2,436.4 3.71 95.7 1,815.6 5.27
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Deposits 235.4 7,446.1 3.16 290.1 7,052.5 4.11
Federal Funds Purchased 51.1 1,692.5 3.02 53.5 1,540.2 3.47
Securities Sold under
Agreements to Repurchase 20.0 664.4 3.00 19.8 542.9 3.65
Commercial Paper 4.3 131.5 3.23 5.2 132.9 3.88
Other Borrowings 24.6 868.9 2.83 18.1 526.6 3.45
Senior Medium-Term Notes 18.4 554.1 3.33 3.0 85.2 3.49
Notes Payable 23.3 297.9 7.84 21.0 258.8 8.11
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Interest-Related Funds 377.1 11,655.4 3.23 410.7 10,139.1 4.05
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest Rate Spread -- -- 2.16% -- -- 2.45%
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Noninterest-Related Funds -- 2,075.3 -- -- 1,466.8 --
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Source of Funds $377.1 $13,730.7 2.74% $410.7 $11,605.9 3.54%
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Interest Income/Margin $363.4 -- 2.65% $343.7 -- 2.96%
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
net interest income/margin
components
Domestic $345.6 $11,491.0 3.01% $325.7 $ 9,659.9 3.37%
International 17.8 2,239.7 .79 18.0 1,946.0 .93
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Consolidated $363.4 $13,730.7 2.65% $343.7 $11,605.9 2.96%
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes: - Average volume includes nonaccrual loans.
- Interest on loans and money market assets includes fees of $13.9 million
in 1993, $11.7 million in 1992, $5.1 million in 1991, $5.6 million in 1990,
$8.1 million in 1989 and $6.1 million in 1988.
- Total interest income includes adjustments on loans and investment and
trading account securities (primarily obligations of states and political
subdivisions) to a taxable equivalent basis. An adjustment has been made in
1988 to reflect the additional federal tax caused by changes in the tax law
that require the disallowance of a deduction for a certain portion of the
Corporation's interest expense as it relates to the level of tax-exempt
assets. Such adjustments are based on the U.S. federal income tax rate (35%
for 1993 and 34% for 1992-1988) and State of Illinois income tax rate (7.18%
for 1993-1990, 6.79% for 1989 and 6.40% for 1988) before giving effect to
the deductibility of state taxes for federal income tax purposes. Lease
financing receivable balances are reduced by deferred income. Total taxable
equivalent interest adjustments amounted to $34.1 million in 1993, $32.5
million in 1992, $36.0 million in 1991, $38.1 million in 1990, $36.0 million
in 1989 and $23.8 million in 1988.
64 northern trust corporation
1991 1990 1989 1988
--------------------------- ------------------------ ----------------------- -----------------------
Interest Volume Rate Interest Volume Rate Interest Volume Rate Interest Volume Rate
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$504.6 $ 5,900.0 8.55% $544.6 $ 5,537.7 9.83% $496.9 $4,693.5 10.59% $364.6 $3,858.3 9.45%
25.7 299.4 8.57 31.4 310.0 10.12 33.6 327.4 10.27 40.6 418.1 9.72
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
530.3 6,199.4 8.55 576.0 5,847.7 9.85 530.5 5,020.9 10.57 405.2 4,276.4 9.48
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17.8 304.8 5.83 23.3 285.6 8.16 25.9 280.0 9.23 28.6 379.5 7.53
.6 7.9 8.08 2.1 23.4 9.10 4.0 48.4 8.25 6.6 88.5 7.49
107.5 1,323.4 8.13 91.4 889.1 10.28 55.0 582.1 9.46 66.2 840.5 7.88
20.7 274.4 7.54 70.6 833.9 8.47 48.6 510.9 9.51 23.6 301.4 7.81
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
146.6 1,910.5 7.68 187.4 2,032.0 9.22 133.5 1,421.4 9.39 125.0 1,609.9 7.76
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
65.0 943.4 6.89 59.5 659.9 9.03 112.5 1,254.1 8.97 48.5 625.6 7.76
61.4 533.8 11.51 58.8 510.6 11.52 50.9 432.8 11.76 43.7 361.4 12.09
25.3 346.5 7.29 40.9 458.3 8.92 31.7 330.1 9.60 10.9 127.0 8.62
52.3 644.0 8.12 64.1 710.8 9.01 63.4 675.4 9.39 72.4 848.8 8.53
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
204.0 2,467.7 8.26 223.3 2,339.6 9.55 258.5 2,692.4 9.60 175.5 1,962.8 8.94
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.5 32.1 7.92 5.0 57.0 8.88 13.2 145.2 9.06 13.8 164.4 8.38
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$883.4 $10,609.7 8.33% $991.7 $10,276.3 9.65% $935.7 $9,279.9 10.08% $719.5 $8,013.5 8.98%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$159.2 $ 3,208.1 4.96% $194.7 $ 2,975.9 6.54% $160.9 $2,382.4 6.75% $134.0 $2,364.1 5.67%
104.3 1,569.7 6.64 115.0 1,456.9 7.89 105.5 1,267.5 8.32 69.7 976.1 7.14
38.3 533.1 7.19 42.6 520.8 8.18 33.9 392.4 8.64 32.8 442.1 7.42
88.6 1,100.6 8.05 109.4 1,105.6 9.90 75.3 844.4 8.91 59.5 835.0 7.13
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
390.4 6,411.5 6.09 461.7 6,059.2 7.62 375.6 4,886.7 7.69 296.0 4,617.3 6.41
78.7 1,412.8 5.57 117.9 1,463.6 8.05 104.6 1,132.4 9.24 71.4 939.7 7.60
26.2 463.8 5.65 55.9 700.3 7.98 122.7 1,378.4 8.90 52.5 710.2 7.40
8.0 129.3 6.19 10.6 129.0 8.19 5.6 61.3 9.11 4.1 56.2 7.26
40.7 703.3 5.78 38.5 483.8 7.96 29.9 327.5 9.14 21.4 285.0 7.50
.1 1.6 8.68 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
21.4 245.2 8.71 19.7 204.9 9.61 23.9 237.0 10.09 18.0 175.0 10.30
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
565.5 9,367.5 6.04 704.3 9,040.8 7.79 662.3 8,023.3 8.25 463.4 6,783.4 6.83
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -- 2.29% -- -- 1.86% -- -- 1.83% -- -- 2.15%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 1,242.2 -- -- 1,235.5 -- -- 1,256.6 -- -- 1,230.1 --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$565.5 $10,609.7 5.33% $704.3 $10,276.3 6.85% $662.3 $9,279.9 7.13% $463.4 $8,013.5 5.78%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$317.9 -- 3.00% $287.4 -- 2.80% $273.4 -- 2.95% $256.1 -- 3.20%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$300.8 $ 8,981.9 3.39% $274.0 $ 9,072.7 3.02% $261.1 $8,361.1 3.12% $225.8 $6,738.9 3.35%
17.1 1,627.8 1.05 13.4 1,203.6 1.11 12.3 918.8 1.34 30.3 1,274.6 2.37
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$317.9 $10,609.7 3.00% $287.4 $10,276.3 2.80% $273.4 $9,279.9 2.95% $256.1 $8,013.5 3.20%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
northern trust corporation 65
consolidated financial statistics
Quarterly Financial Data
statement of income
1993
--------------------------------------------------
Entire Fourth Third Second First
( In Millions ) Year Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest Income $ 706.4 176.9 181.0 177.8 170.7
Interest Expense 377.1 92.9 97.8 95.3 91.1
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Interest Income 329.3 84.0 83.2 82.5 79.6
Provision for Credit Losses 19.5 2.5 5.0 6.0 6.0
Noninterest Income 550.6 140.6 139.2 134.8 136.0
Investment Security Gains
(Losses) 1.8 .1 -- .1 1.6
Noninterest Expenses 628.2 161.6 157.7 154.9 154.0
Provision for Income Taxes 66.1 17.3 16.9 14.9 17.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
net income 167.9 43.3 42.8 41.6 40.2
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income Applicable to
Common Stock 161.6 41.7 41.2 40.1 38.6
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
per common share
Net Income - Primary $ 2.96 .76 .75 .73 .71
- Fully Diluted 2.95 .76 .75 .73 .71
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
average statement of condition
( In Millions )
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
assets
Cash and Due from Banks $ 1,025.3 1,051.7 970.1 1,040.0 1,040.0
Investment Securities 4,202.5 4,279.4 4,120.2 4,437.3 3,970.8
Securities Held for Trading 29.5 32.9 32.2 30.8 22.0
Money Market Assets 2,201.6 2,161.0 2,589.9 2,149.3 1,898.8
Loans and Leases 7,297.1 7,593.9 7,474.5 7,151.8 6,959.3
Reserve for Credit Losses (145.5) (145.5) (145.5) (145.5) (145.5)
Other Assets 1,089.7 980.5 1,081.5 1,139.7 1,159.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Assets 15,700.2 15,953.9 16,122.9 15,803.4 14,904.4
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
liabilities and stockhold-
ers' equity
Deposits
Demand and Other Noninter-
est-Bearing $ 2,554.9 2,634.8 2,474.0 2,514.7 2,596.7
Savings and Others 4,605.0 4,551.1 4,550.5 4,595.1 4,725.8
Other Time 404.7 352.8 388.3 492.9 385.3
Foreign Offices 2,501.7 2,842.8 2,623.9 2,340.5 2,191.2
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Deposits 10,066.3 10,381.5 10,036.7 9,943.2 9,899.0
Purchased Funds 3,357.3 3,172.3 3,667.9 3,660.1 2,923.1
Senior Medium-Term Notes 554.1 589.8 650.7 507.9 465.4
Notes Payable 297.9 330.0 330.1 296.9 233.2
Other Liabilities 351.5 356.8 345.9 339.7 363.4
Stockholders' Equity 1,073.1 1,123.5 1,091.6 1,055.6 1,020.3
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Liabilities and
Stockholders' Equity 15,700.2 15,953.9 16,122.9 15,803.4 14,904.4
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
analysis of net interest income
( Amounts in Millions )
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Earning Assets $13,730.7 14,067.2 14,216.8 13,769.2 12,850.9
Interest-Related Funds 11,655.4 11,755.0 12,149.0 11,818.2 10,884.4
Noninterest-Related Funds 2,075.3 2,312.2 2,067.8 1,951.0 1,966.5
Net Interest Income (Tax-
able equivalent) 363.4 92.6 91.8 91.4 87.6
Net Interest Margin (Tax-
able equivalent) 2.65% 2.61 2.56 2.66 2.76
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
common stock dividend and market price
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends $0.77 1/2 0.22 0.18 1/ 2 0.18 1/2 0.18 1/2
Market Price Range - High 50.50 43.75 44.50 50.50 49.875
- Low 37.00 37.00 39.50 39.75 40.00
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The common stock of Northern Trust Corporation is traded in the over-the-
counter market under the symbol NTRS. The above quotations are from the NASDAQ
system. The number of stockholders of record at December 31, 1993, was 2,922.
66 northern trust corporation
1992
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Entire Fourth Third Second First
Year Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 721.9 172.3 176.9 184.6 188.1
410.7 91.6 98.9 109.3 110.9
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
311.2 80.7 78.0 75.3 77.2
29.5 6.5 7.0 9.0 7.0
506.1 131.0 126.6 127.7 120.8
3.3 2.4 .2 (.6) 1.3
584.6 154.0 144.7 142.4 143.5
57.0 15.1 15.0 13.9 13.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
149.5 38.5 38.1 37.1 35.8
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
142.7 36.8 36.4 35.3 34.2
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 2.64 .68 .67 .65 .64
2.64 .68 .67 .65 .64
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 937.8 1,038.7 940.6 903.4 867.2
3,174.1 3,262.5 3,083.8 3,153.7 3,196.5
16.2 10.0 7.9 11.6 35.1
1,962.7 2,217.8 2,063.2 1,986.2 1,579.8
6,452.9 6,591.1 6,441.3 6,475.1 6,302.8
(145.6) (145.5) (145.5) (145.7) (145.8)
1,019.9 1,059.4 999.0 1,034.2 987.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13,418.0 14,034.0 13,390.3 13,418.5 12,822.6
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 1,876.0 2,130.7 1,850.9 1,781.3 1,738.7
4,743.0 4,639.1 4,664.6 4,788.2 4,882.1
493.9 474.9 510.0 525.4 465.2
1,871.8 2,250.4 1,939.7 1,780.1 1,512.0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8,984.7 9,495.1 8,965.2 8,875.0 8,598.0
2,742.6 2,598.7 2,730.7 2,949.5 2,693.1
85.2 271.1 64.0 2.0 2.0
258.8 245.7 261.2 264.1 264.1
419.6 440.4 419.5 411.7 406.7
927.1 983.0 949.7 916.2 858.7
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13,418.0 14,034.0 13,390.3 13,418.5 12,822.6
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$11,605.9 12,081.4 11,596.2 11,626.6 11,114.2
10,139.1 10,418.8 10,117.2 10,248.9 9,768.4
1,466.8 1,662.6 1,479.0 1,377.7 1,345.8
343.7 88.5 86.0 83.4 85.8
2.96% 2.91 2.95 2.89 3.10
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$0.66 1/2 0.18 1/2 0.16 0.16 0.16
43.17 43.17 40.00 40.17 35.67
32.67 37.17 37.67 33.50 32.67
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
northern trust corporation 67
Corporate Structure
Northern Trust Corporation
50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60675
(312) 630-6000
Principal Subsidiary
THE NORTHERN TRUST COMPANY
50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60675
Wacker Drive Financial Center
125 South Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60675
Oak Street Financial Center
120 East Oak Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611
Winnetka Financial Center
62 Green Bay Road, Winnetka, Illinois 60093
London Branch
155 Bishopsgate, London EC2M 3XS, England
Cayman Islands Branch
P.O. Box 501, Georgetown, Cayman Islands,
British West Indies
Subsidiaries of The Northern Trust Company
The Northern Trust International Banking Corporation
One World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048
The Northern Trust Safe Deposit Company
50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60675
NorLease, Inc.
50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60675
The Northern Trust Company, Canada
161 Bay Street, Suite 4540, B.C.E. Place
Toronto, Canada M5J 2S1
International Affiliates
Banque Scandinave en Suisse
11 Cours de Rive, 1211 Geneva 3, Switzerland
Banque Rivaud
13 rue Notre-Dames des Victoires,
75082 Paris Cedex 02, France
Transatlantic Trust Corporation
75 Rochford Street
P.O. Box 429
Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island , Canada C1A 7K7
70 northern trust corporation
Other Subsidiaries of the Corporation
NORTHERN TRUST BANK/LAKE FOREST N.A.
265 Deerpath Road, Lake Forest, Illinois 60045
959 South Waukegan Road, Lake Forest, Illinois 60045
120 East Scranton Avenue, Lake Bluff, Illinois 60044
NORTHERN TRUST BANK/O'HARE N.A.
8501 West Higgins Road, Chicago, Illinois 60631
6401 North Harlem Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60631
1501 Woodfield Road, Schaumburg, Illinois 60173
NORTHERN TRUST BANK/DUPAGE
One Oakbrook Terrace, Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois 60181
400 East Diehl Road, Naperville, Illinois 60563
NORTHERN TRUST BANK OF FLORIDA N.A.
700 Brickell Avenue, Miami, Florida 33131
595 Biltmore Way, Coral Gables, Florida 33134
328 Crandon Boulevard, Suite 101,
Key Biscayne, Florida 33149
3001 Aventura Boulevard, Aventura, Florida 33180
1100 E. Las Olas Boulevard, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33301
301 Yamato Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431
440 Royal Palm Way, Palm Beach, Florida 33480
11780 U.S. Highway 1, Building 3, Suite 100,
North Palm Beach, Florida 33408
4001 Tamiami Trail North, Naples, Florida 33940
530 Fifth Avenue South, Naples, Florida 33940
8060 College Parkway S.W., Fort Myers, Florida 33919
1515 Ringling Boulevard, Sarasota, Florida 34236
1100 South Tamiami Trail, Venice, Florida 34285
540 Bay Isles Road, Longboat Key, Florida 34228
100 Second Avenue, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701
NORTHERN TRUST BANK OF ARIZONA N.A.
2398 East Camelback Road, Phoenix, Arizona 85016
6373 East Tanque Verde Road, Tucson, Arizona 85715
10220 West Bell Road, Sun City, Arizona 85351
7001 North Scottsdale Road, Scottsdale, Arizona 85253
NORTHERN TRUST BANK OF CALIFORNIA N.A.
355 South Grand Avenue, Suite 2600,
Los Angeles, California 90071
10877 Wilshire Boulevard (Westwood), Suite 100,
Los Angeles, California 90024
620 Newport Center Drive, Suite 200,
Newport Beach, California 92660
4370 LaJolla Village Drive, Suite 1000,
San Diego, California 92122
206 East Anapamu Street, Santa Barbara, California 93101
580 California Street, Suite 1800,
San Francisco, California 94104
NORTHERN TRUST BANK OF TEXAS N.A.
2020 Ross Avenue, Dallas, Texas 75201
5540 Preston Road, Dallas, Texas 75205
2701 Kirby Drive, Houston, Texas 77098
700 Rusk Street, Houston, Texas 77002
THE NORTHERN TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK
80 Broad Street, New York, New York 10004
NORTHERN TRUST CAYMAN INTERNATIONAL, LTD.
P.O. Box 1586, Grand Cayman,
Cayman Islands, British West Indies
NORTHERN TRUST SECURITIES, INC.
50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60675
BARRY, HARTELL, EVERS & OSBORNE, INC.
580 California Street, San Francisco, California 94104
NORTHERN FUTURES CORPORATION
50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60675
NORTHERN TRUST SERVICES, INC.
50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60675
northern trust corporation 71