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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
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(Mark One)
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D)
[X] OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997
OR
[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 1-13514
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CLARK USA, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
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DELAWARE 43-1495734
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO.)
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION)
8182 MARYLAND AVENUE 63105-3721
ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI (ZIP CODE)
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE
OFFICES)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (314) 854-9696
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OF THE ACT:
9 1/2% Senior Notes, due 2004
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(G) OF THE ACT:
None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to
the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [X]
All of the common equity of the registrant is held by affiliates. Number of
shares of registrant's common stock, $.01 par value, outstanding as of March
25, 1998:
CLASS SHARES OUTSTANDING
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Common Stock 13,751,163
Class F Common Stock 6,101,010
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CLARK USA, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
----
PART I
Items 1 and 2. Business; Properties.................................... 1
Item 3. Legal Proceedings....................................... 18
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders..... 19
PART II
Market for the Registrant's Common Stock and Related
Item 5. Shareholder Matters..................................... 19
Item 6. Selected Financial Data................................. 20
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations.................... 21
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data............. 29
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on
Accounting and Financial Disclosure.................... 29
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant...... 29
Item 11. Executive Compensation.................................. 31
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and
Item 12. Management.............................................. 34
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.......... 35
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on
Form 8-K................................................ 36
Signatures.............................................................. 66
PART I
ITEMS 1 AND 2. BUSINESS; PROPERTIES
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are not historical
information are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A
of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934. Such forward-looking statements include the discussion under
"Business--Business Strategy," "Business--Refining--Strategy," "Business--
Refining--Market Environment," "Business--Marketing--Strategy," "Business--
Marketing--Market Environment," "Environmental Matters," "Legal Proceedings,"
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations--Outlook" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations--Liquidity and Capital Resources." Words
such as "expects," "intends," "plans," "projects," "believes," "estimates" and
similar expressions are used to identify such forward-looking statements. Any
forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, involve
significant risks and uncertainties and actual results may vary materially
from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors.
Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are
changes in industry-wide refining margins, changes in crude oil and other raw
material costs, and world and regional events that could significantly
increase volatility in the marketplace. The Company's (as defined herein)
crude oil supply could be affected by factors beyond its control, such as
embargoes, the continued discovery and production of light sweet crude oil, or
military conflicts between (or internal instability in) one or more oil-
producing countries. The Company's business is also affected by the continued
availability of debt and equity financing, changes in labor relations, general
economic conditions (including recessionary trends, inflation and interest
rates), market supply and demand for the Company's products, the reliability
and efficiency of the Company's operating facilities, the level of operating
expenses and hazards common to operating facilities (including equipment
malfunction; plant construction/repair delays, explosions, fires, oil spills
and severe weather effects), actions taken by competitors, (including both
pricing and expansion and retirement of refinery capacity in response to
market conditions), and civil, criminal, regulatory or administrative actions,
claims or proceedings (including domestic and international political,
legislative, regulatory and legal actions and regulations dealing with
protection of the environment including gasoline composition and
characteristics). Unpredictable or unknown factors not discussed herein could
also have material adverse effects on forward-looking statements.
Although the Company believes that its expectations regarding future events
are based on reasonable assumptions, it can give no assurance that these are
all the factors that could cause actual results to vary materially from the
forward-looking statements or that its expectations regarding future
developments will prove to be correct.
COMPANY OVERVIEW
Substantially all of the operations of Clark USA, Inc. ("Clark USA", and
together with it subsidiaries, the "Company") are conducted through Clark
Refining & Marketing, Inc. ("Clark"). The Company is the sixth-largest
independent refiner and marketer of petroleum products in the United States
("U.S."), with one Texas refinery and two Illinois refineries representing a
total of over 365,000 barrels per day ("bpd") of rated crude oil throughput
capacity. The Company is also currently the seventh-largest direct operator of
gasoline and convenience stores in the U.S. with over 775 retail outlets in 10
Midwestern states. In addition, Clark markets refined products through 71
independent outlets that operate under the Clark name. Clark's retail network
has conducted operations under the Clark brand name for over 65 years. Clark
also markets gasoline, diesel fuel and other petroleum products on a wholesale
unbranded basis.
The Company is a Delaware corporation, with its principal executive offices
located at 8182 Maryland Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63105, telephone number
(314) 854-9696.
1
COMPANY HISTORY
Clark USA was formed in November 1988 by Trizec Hahn Corporation (formerly
The Horsham Corporation, "TrizecHahn") and a minority shareholder to acquire
substantially all of the assets of Apex Oil Company, Inc., a Wisconsin
corporation (formerly OC Oil & Refining Corporation and prior thereto Clark
Oil & Refining Corporation, a Wisconsin corporation) and its subsidiaries
("Old Clark") and certain other assets and liabilities. In December 1992,
TrizecHahn and Clark USA entered into a transaction with the minority
shareholder that resulted in TrizecHahn increasing its ownership from 60% to
100% of the outstanding equity of Clark USA at that time.
On February 27, 1995, Clark USA sold $135 million of common stock to a
wholly-owned subsidiary of TrizecHahn. The TrizecHahn subsidiary immediately
resold $120 million of such stock to funds managed by Tiger Management
Corporation ("Tiger"), representing an equity ownership interest of 40% of
Clark USA at that time. The Company used the proceeds of the sale along with
existing cash to acquire Chevron U.S.A. Inc.'s ("Chevron") Port Arthur, Texas
refinery for approximately $90 million, plus approximately $122 million for
inventory and spare parts. The Company is also obligated under certain
circumstances to pay Chevron contingent payments up to $125 million (the
"Chevron Contingent Payments") pursuant to a formula based on refining
industry margin indicators and the volume of crude oil processed at the Port
Arthur refinery over a five-year period. See "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations--Liquidity and
Capital Resources." The Port Arthur refinery increased the Company's crude oil
throughput capacity by over 140% and diversified its market to include the
Gulf Coast of the U.S.
In December 1995, Occidental C.O.B. Partners ("Oxy") acquired approximately
19% of the equity in Clark USA in exchange for the delivery of certain amounts
of crude oil over a six-year period ending in 2001 (the "Oxy Transaction").
The Company sold the advance crude oil purchase receivable acquired from Oxy
at a gain in October 1996 for net proceeds of $235.4 million. See "Business--
The Advance Crude Oil Purchase Receivable Transactions."
On October 1, 1997, Clark USA and its stockholders completed an equity
recapitalization whereby all previously issued shares of Class A Common Stock
of Clark USA held by Tiger (then representing approximately 31% of the total
voting power of all classes of Clark USA's stock) were reclassified into
Class E Common Stock. TrizecHahn then purchased all of the Class E Common
Stock for $7.00 per share in cash, resulting in a total purchase price of $63
million (the "Tiger Transaction"). All of such shares of Class E Common Stock
were subsequently reclassified into 63,000 shares of 11 1/2% Senior Cumulative
Exchangeable Preferred Stock ($1,000 liquidation preference per share)
("Exchangeable Preferred Stock") of Clark USA and sold to investors.
On November 3, 1997, Blackstone Capital Partners III Merchant Banking Fund
L.P. and its affiliates ("Blackstone") acquired the 13,500,000 shares of
Common Stock of Clark USA previously held by TrizecHahn and certain of its
subsidiaries, as a result of which Blackstone obtained its 68.0% equity
interest (78.6% voting interest) in Clark USA. The Company's other principal
shareholder continues to be Oxy with a 30.7% equity interest (19.9% voting
interest).
BUSINESS STRATEGY
The Company's business strategy focuses on improving productivity,
optimizing capital investments, promoting an entrepreneurial culture and
growing both its refining and marketing operations to strengthen the Company's
business and financial profile. This strategy is designed to address the
commodity-based nature of the oil refining and marketing industry in which the
Company operates.
. Improving Productivity. The Company continues to implement relatively low-
cost projects in its refining and marketing operations designed to increase
production, sales volumes and production yields and to
2
improve sales mix while reducing input costs and operating expenses.
Improvements at the Port Arthur refinery, increased yields and crude oil
throughput capability at its Illinois refineries, and improved monthly fuel
volumes, convenience product sales and margins in the retail division are
examples of these types of initiatives.
. Optimizing Capital Investment. The Company optimizes capital investments by
linking discretionary capital spending to internally generated cash flow,
focusing its efforts first on those productivity initiatives that require
no capital investment and then those which have relatively short payback
periods. As an example, in response to weak 1995 and 1996 industry refining
market conditions, discretionary capital expenditures were scaled back
significantly from historical levels. Due to improved results and a more
robust refining industry environment, the Company is now implementing
several high-payback discretionary capital projects.
. Promoting Entrepreneurial Culture. The Company emphasizes an
entrepreneurial management approach which uses employee incentives to
enhance financial performance and safety. All of the Company's employees
participate in its performance management, profit sharing or other
incentive plans. In addition, the Company has adopted a stock incentive
plan for certain key employees.
. Growing Through Opportunistic Acquisitions. The Company intends to continue
to expand its refining and marketing operations through opportunistic
acquisitions which can benefit from its business strategy, create critical
mass, increase market share or access new markets. Since 1994, the Company
more than doubled its refining capacity by acquiring the Port Arthur
refinery and strengthened its Northern Illinois and Southern Michigan
presence by adding 123 retail stores in these core markets.
. Strengthening the Balance Sheet. The Company will continue to seek to
improve its capital structure. The financing of the Port Arthur refinery
acquisition principally with equity and the partial financing of the
advance crude oil purchase receivable transactions with equity lowered the
Company's leverage in 1995 and 1996. The Company's subsequent profitable
monetization of the advanced crude oil purchase receivable significantly
improved the Company's liquidity. In late 1997, the Company repurchased or
redeemed over $430 million of its debt outstanding which extended debt
maturity, increased prepayment flexibility and lowered borrowing costs.
REFINING
Overview
The refining division currently operates one refinery in Texas and two
refineries in Illinois with a combined crude oil throughput capacity of
approximately 365,000 bpd. The Company also owns 16 product terminals located
in its Midwest and Gulf Coast market areas, a crude oil and LPG terminal
associated with the Port Arthur refinery and crude oil and product pipeline
interests. The Company's refining crude oil throughput capacity ranks it as
one of the six largest independent refining and marketing companies in the
U.S.
Strategy
Since the refining division operates in a commodity-based market environment
in which market prices for crude oil and refined products fluctuate
significantly, the refining division's business strategy focuses mostly on
those areas it can control. The refining division's strategy includes the
following key elements:
. Improving Productivity. The refining division focuses on initiatives
requiring little or no capital investment that increase production, improve
product yields and recoveries or reduce operating costs. Comprehensive
plant-level programs focus on comparisons to industry benchmark studies as
a tool to develop strategies that improve plant reliability.
3
. Optimizing Capital Investments. Refining capital expenditures are linked to
cash flow generated from operations. The Company emphasizes an
entrepreneurial approach to discretionary expenditures, and to perceived
mandatory expenditures, such as those required to comply with reformulated
and low-sulfur fuels regulations. The Company may seek to comply with
regulations through the use of alternative markets for existing products if
adequate returns on investment are not assured. Discretionary capital
projects are selected based on a view towards limiting risk while achieving
quick returns. Most projects in the past three years had payback periods of
less than four years.
. Promoting Entrepreneurial Culture. Refining division employees are involved
in a team-based approach aimed at improving operations. All employees
participate in some form of gain-sharing program. The Company believes this
philosophy has significantly contributed to past productivity gains.
. Growth. As part of its growth strategy, the refining division seeks
attractive assets that may be acquired at favorable valuations. The Port
Arthur refinery acquisition is an example of this type of strategy. The
Company believes current industry conditions may offer similar
opportunities in the future.
Port Arthur Refinery
The Port Arthur refinery is located in Port Arthur, Texas, approximately 90
miles east of Houston, and is situated on an approximately 4,000 acre site.
The refinery initially began processing oil in 1901 following the first
discovery of oil in Texas. The refinery has a rated crude oil throughput
capacity of approximately 225,000 bpd and the ability to process 100% sour
crude oil, including up to 20% heavy crude oil, and has coking capabilities.
Heavy sour crude oil has historically been available at substantially lower
cost when compared to light sweet crude oil such as WTI. The Port Arthur
refinery has the ability to produce jet fuel, 100% low-sulfur diesel fuel, 55%
summer reformulated gasoline ("RFG") and 75% winter RFG. The refinery's Texas
Gulf Coast location provides access to numerous cost effective domestic and
international crude oil sources, and its products can be sold in the
Midcontinent and Eastern U.S. as well as in export markets.
Since acquiring the Port Arthur refinery in early 1995, the Company has
increased crude oil throughput capability from approximately 178,000 bpd to
its current 225,000 bpd and has lowered operating expenses by approximately
50c per barrel. From the date of the acquisition through December 31, 1997,
the Port Arthur refinery has generated an Operating Contribution (as defined
herein) of approximately $203 million.
In March 1998, the Company announced that it had entered into a long-term
crude oil supply agreement with P.M.I. Comercio Internacional, S.A. de C.V.,
an affiliate of Petroleos Mexicanos, the Mexican state oil company. The terms
of the contract provide the Company with the foundation necessary to continue
developing a project to upgrade its Port Arthur, Texas refinery to process
primarily lower-cost, heavy sour crude oil. Under the agreement, the Company
expects to purchase in the range of 150,000 to 210,000 barrels per day of
heavy, sour Maya crude oil for use at the Port Arthur refinery. Clark would
continue to own 100% of the refinery, thereby retaining all of the upside to
improving refining margins. The supply contract would assist in stabilizing
earnings and cash flows from the project. The contract period would run for a
minimum of 8 years from the completion of the project which could be as early
as January 2001. The Port Arthur refinery has several important
characteristics that make it attractive for this type of arrangement. Its Gulf
Coast location provides excellent access to waterborne Mexican crude oil.
Additionally, the refinery already has much of the infrastructure and
processing capability necessary to support an upgraded operation. The project
is expected to cost $600-$700 million and include the construction of
additional coking and hydrocracking capability, and expanding crude unit
capacity to approximately 250,000 barrels per day. Upon completion, the Port
Arthur refinery would have the ability to process heavy, sour crude oil up to
an estimated 80% of its capacity. The implementation of the project is subject
to certain conditions, such as final determination of economic and technical
feasibility, arrangement of suitable financing and securing appropriate tax
abatements.
4
The feedstocks and production of the Port Arthur refinery for the ten months
it was owned in 1995 and for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997 were
as follows:
PORT ARTHUR REFINERY FEEDSTOCKS AND PRODUCTION
TEN MONTHS
ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
DECEMBER 31, --------------------------
1995 1996 1997(a)
------------ ------------ ------------
BBLS % BBLS % BBLS %
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
(BARRELS IN THOUSANDS)
FEEDSTOCKS
Light Sweet Crude Oil............... 22,268 35.0% 11,018 14.5% 8,395 11.1%
Light Sour Crude Oil................ 31,518 49.5 36,855 48.3 34,815 46.2
Heavy Sweet Crude Oil............... -- -- 23,920 31.4 5,694 7.6
Heavy Sour Crude Oil................ 7,488 11.8 1,327 1.7 26,482 35.1
Unfinished & Blendstocks............ 2,349 3.7 3,128 4.1 -- --
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
Total............................... 63,623 100.0% 76,248 100.0% 75,386 100.0%
====== ===== ====== ===== ====== =====
PRODUCTION
Gasoline
Unleaded............................ 13,966 21.8 20,840 27.0 19,944 25.6
Premium Unleaded.................... 13,030 20.4 12,258 15.9 11,132 14.3
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
26,996 42.2 33,098 42.9 31,076 39.9
Other Products
Low-Sulfur Diesel Fuel.............. 14,739 23.1 17,443 22.6 21,760 27.9
Jet Fuel............................ 9,047 14.1 11,166 14.5 8,123 10.4
Petrochemical Products.............. 5,382 8.4 6,751 8.7 9,474 12.2
Others.............................. 7,794 12.2 8,703 11.3 7,506 9.6
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
36,962 57.8 44,063 57.1 46,863 60.1
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
Total............................... 63,958 100.0% 77,162 100.0% 77,939 100.0%
====== ===== ====== ===== ====== =====
Output/Day.......................... 207.7 210.8 213.5
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(a) Feedstocks and production in 1997 reflect maintenance turnaround downtime
of approximately one month on selected units.
Illinois Refineries
The Company's Illinois refineries, Blue Island and Hartford, are supplied by
common carrier crude oil pipelines and are located on inland waterways with
barge access. The refineries have access to multiple sources of foreign and
domestic crude oil and benefit from crude oil input flexibility. Recent
pipeline expansions, including the new capacity of the Express Pipeline and
expanded capacity on the Interprovincial Pipeline, have served to increase the
availability of lower-cost crude oil to the Company's Illinois refineries. The
two refineries are connected by product pipelines, increasing flexibility
relative to stand-alone operations. The Company's product terminals allow
efficient distribution of refinery production through pipeline systems. The
Company believes that the Midwest location of these refineries provides
relatively high refining margins and less volatility than comparable
operations located in other regions of the U.S. on a historical basis
principally because demand for refined products has exceeded production in the
region. This excess demand has historically been satisfied by imports from
other regions, providing Midwest refineries with a transportation advantage.
5
Blue Island Refinery
The Blue Island refinery is located in Blue Island, Illinois, approximately
17 miles south of Chicago. The refinery is situated on a 170-acre site,
bounded by the town of Blue Island and the Calumet-Sag Canal. The facility was
initially constructed in 1945 and, through a series of improvements and
expansions, has reached a crude oil capacity of 75,000 bpd, although actual
average monthly throughput rates are sustained at levels in excess of rated
capacity during certain times of the year. Blue Island has among the highest
capabilities to produce gasoline relative to the other refineries in its
market area and through productivity initiatives has achieved the flexibility
to produce up to 60% RFG and some low-sulfur diesel fuel when market prices
warrant and based on the clean fuels attainment of Clark's total refining
system. During most of the year, gasoline is the most profitable refinery
product.
Since 1992, the Company has increased the crude oil throughput capability at
the Blue Island refinery by approximately 10,000 bpd, introduced light sour
crude oil as a lower-cost feedstock, improved the Fluid Catalytic Cracking
("FCC") unit operation and introduced the capability to produce RFG.
The feedstocks and production of the Blue Island refinery for the years
ended December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 were as follows:
BLUE ISLAND REFINERY FEEDSTOCKS AND PRODUCTION
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1995 (a) 1996 (a) 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
BBLS % BBLS % BBLS %
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
(BARRELS IN THOUSANDS)
FEEDSTOCKS
Light Sweet Crude Oil............... 18,975 74.0% 21,203 84.2% 18,871 72.3%
Light Sour Crude Oil................ 6,318 24.6 3,860 15.3 6,617 25.4
Unfinished & Blendstocks............ 347 1.4 132 0.5 606 2.3
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
Total............................... 25,640 100.0% 25,195 100.0% 26,094 100.0
====== ===== ====== ===== ====== =====
PRODUCTION
Gasoline
Unleaded............................ 12,737 50.1 12,497 50.9 13,753 52.5
Premium Unleaded.................... 3,540 13.9 2,922 11.6 3,055 11.7
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
16,277 64.0 15,419 62.5 16,808 64.2
Other Products
Diesel Fuel......................... 5,133 20.2 5,690 22.5 5,422 20.7
Others.............................. 4,016 15.8 3,755 15.0 3,937 15.1
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
9,149 36.0 9,445 37.5 9,359 35.8
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
Total............................... 25,426 100.0% 24,864 100.0% 26,167 100.0%
====== ===== ====== ===== ====== =====
Output/Day.......................... 69.7 68.0 71.7
- --------
(a) Output during 1995 and 1996 was reduced by significant planned and
unplanned downtime.
6
Hartford Refinery
The Hartford refinery is located in Hartford, Illinois, approximately 17
miles northeast of St. Louis. The refinery is situated on a 400-acre site. The
facility was initially constructed in 1941 and, through a series of
improvements and expansions, has reached a crude oil refining capacity of
approximately 65,000 bpd. The Hartford refinery includes a coker unit and,
consequently, has the ability to process a variety of crude oil including
lower cost, heavy sour crude oil into higher-value products such as gasoline
and diesel fuel. The Hartford refinery has the capability to process
approximately 60% heavy sour crude oil and 25% medium sour crude oil. This
upgrading capability allows the refinery to benefit from higher margins if
heavy sour crude oil is at a significant discount to light sweet crude oil.
Since 1992, the Company has increased the crude oil throughput capability at
the Hartford refinery by approximately 10,000 bpd, improved overall liquid
recovery by approximately 3%, improved FCC unit yields by approximately 3%,
increased higher-valued crude unit yields by approximately 2,000 bpd and
dramatically reduced combined "recordable" and "days away from work" rates
from 27 in 1990 to an average of less than 4 during the period from 1994 to
1997.
The feedstocks and production of the Hartford refinery for the years ended
December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 were as follows:
HARTFORD REFINERY FEEDSTOCKS AND PRODUCTION
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1995 1996 1997(a)
------------ ------------ ------------
BBLS % BBLS % BBLS %
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
(BARRELS IN THOUSANDS)
FEEDSTOCKS
Light Sweet Crude Oil............... 5,008 20.8% 3,725 15.5% 2,579 10.9%
Light Sour Crude Oil................ 13,520 56.0 19,588 81.4 13,626 57.9
Heavy Sour Crude Oil................ 4,960 20.6 179 0.7 5,200 22.1
Unfinished & Blendstocks............ 637 2.6 567 2.4 2,149 9.1
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
Total............................... 24,125 100.0% 24,059 100.0% 23,554 100.0
====== ===== ====== ===== ====== =====
PRODUCTION
Gasoline
Unleaded............................ 11,497 47.2 10,882 44.9 11,481 49.0
Premium Unleaded.................... 1,723 7.1 1,728 7.1 926 4.0
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
13,220 54.3 12,610 52.0 12,407 53.0
Other Products
High-Sulfur Diesel Fuel............. 8,090 33.2 8,950 36.9 7,149 30.5
Others.............................. 3,060 12.5 2,703 11.1 3,850 16.5
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
11,150 45.7 11,653 48.0 10,999 47.0
------ ----- ------ ----- ------ -----
Total............................... 24,370 100.0% 24,263 100.0% 23,406 100.0%
====== ===== ====== ===== ====== =====
Output/Day.......................... 66.8 66.2 64.1
- --------
(a)The 1997 results reflect maintenance turnaround downtime of approximately
one month on selected units.
Terminals and Pipelines
Refined products are distributed primarily through the Company's terminals,
Company-owned and common carrier product pipelines and by leased barges over
the Mississippi, Illinois and Ohio rivers. The Company owns
7
14 product terminals with a combined capacity of approximately 3.8 million
barrels throughout its upper Midwest market area. In addition to cost
efficiencies in supplying its retail network, the terminal distribution system
allows efficient distribution of refinery production. The Company also owns a
crude oil and refined product terminal, a refined products terminal and an LPG
terminal with a combined capacity of approximately 7.1 million barrels
associated with the Port Arthur refinery in Texas.
The Company enters into refined product exchange agreements with
unaffiliated companies to broaden its geographical distribution capabilities,
and products are also received through exchange terminals and distribution
points throughout the Central U.S.
The Company's pipeline interests, as of December 31, 1997, were as follows:
PIPELINE TYPE INTEREST ROUTE
-------- ---------------------- -------- ----------------------------
Southcap.......... Crude oil 36.0% St. James, LA to Patoka, IL
Chicap............ Crude oil 22.7 Patoka, IL to Mokena, IL
Capwood........... Crude oil 33.1 Patoka, IL to Hartford, IL
Clark Port Ar-
thur............. Crude oil and products 100.0 Port Arthur and Beaumont, TX
Wolverine......... Products 9.5 Chicago, IL to Toledo, OH
West Shore........ Products 11.1 Chicago, IL to Green Bay, WI
These pipelines operate as common carriers pursuant to published pipeline
tariffs, which also apply to use by the Company. The Company also owns a
proprietary refined products pipeline from the Blue Island refinery to its
terminal in Hammond, Indiana, and from the Port Arthur refinery to its LPG
terminal in Fannett, Texas. The Company is exploring opportunities to sell its
interests in the Southcap, Chicap, Wolverine and West Shore pipelines.
However, there can be no assurance that such negotiations will be concluded,
and if concluded, what the terms thereof will be or that it will be
consummated.
Supply and Distribution
The Company's integrated refining and marketing assets are strategically
located in the Central U.S. in close proximity to a variety of supply and
distribution channels. As a result, the Company has the flexibility to acquire
economic domestic or foreign crude oil and has the ability to distribute its
products to its own system and to most domestic wholesale markets.
The Port Arthur refinery's Texas Gulf Coast location provides access to
numerous cost-effective domestic and international crude oil sources which can
be accessed by waterborne delivery or through the West Texas Gulf pipeline.
The Company's Illinois refineries are located on major inland water
transportation routes and are connected to various local, interstate and
Canadian common carrier pipelines. The Company has a minority interest in
several of these pipelines. The Blue Island refinery can receive Canadian
crude oil through the Lakehead Pipeline from Canada, foreign and domestic
crude oil through the Capline Pipeline system originating in the Louisiana
Gulf Coast region, and domestic crude oil originating in West Texas, Oklahoma
and the Rocky Mountains through the Arco Pipeline system. The Hartford
refinery has access to foreign and domestic crude oil supplies through the
Capline/Capwood Pipeline systems and access to Canadian crude oil through the
Express Pipeline and the Mobil/IPL pipeline system. Both refineries are
situated on major water transportation routes which provide flexibility to
receive crude oil or intermediate feedstocks by barge when economical.
The Company has several crude oil supply contracts that total approximately
136,000 bpd with several third-party suppliers, including P.M.I. Comercio
Internacional, S.A. de C.V., an affiliate of Petroleos Mexicanos, S.A. de
C.V., Lagoven, an affiliate of Petroleos de Venezuela, S.A. de C.V.; and
various Canadian suppliers. These contracts are generally cancelable upon one
to three months' notice by either party, but are intended to remain in place
for the foreseeable future. The remainder of the Company's crude oil supply
requirements are acquired on the spot market from third-party foreign and
domestic sources. See--Port Arthur Refinery.
8
In addition to gasoline, the Company's refineries produce other types of
refined products. No. 2 diesel fuel is used mainly as a fuel for diesel
burning engines. No. 2 diesel fuel production is moved via pipeline or barge
to the Company's 16 product terminals and is sold over the Company's terminal
truck racks or through refinery pipeline or barge movement. The Port Arthur
refinery produces jet fuel which is generally sold through pipelines. Other
production includes residual oils (slurry oil and vacuum tower bottoms) which
are used mainly for heavy industrial fuel (e.g., power generation) and in the
manufacturing of roofing flux or for asphalt used in highway paving. The
Company has agreements to sell to Chevron 24,000 bpd of gasoline and 1,000 bpd
of low-sulfur diesel from the Port Arthur refinery through February 28, 1999.
This contract is cancelable upon 90 days' notice by either party. The Company
supplies gasoline and diesel fuel to its retail system first, then distributes
products to its wholesale operations based on the highest average market
returns before being sold into the spot market.
The Company also has an agreement to supply chemical feedstocks to Chevron
Chemical Company, which averaged approximately 25,000 bpd during 1995, 1996
and 1997. This contract is cancelable upon 18 months notice by either party or
by mutual agreement.
The Port Arthur refinery's products can be sold in the Midcontinent and
Eastern U.S. as well as export markets. These markets can be accessed through
the Explorer, Texas Eastern and Colonial pipelines or by ship or barge. The
Company's Illinois refineries can distribute their products through various
common carrier and proprietary pipelines which connect the 14 Midwest product
terminals or by barge.
Inventory Management
The Company employs several strategies to minimize the impact on
profitability due to the volatility in feedstock costs and refined product
prices. These strategies generally involve the purchase and sale of exchange-
traded, energy-related futures and options with a duration of six months or
less. In addition, the Company to a lesser extent uses energy swap agreements
similar to those traded on the exchanges, such as crack spreads and crude oil
options, to better match the specific price movements in the Company's markets
as opposed to the delivery point of the exchange-traded contract. These
strategies are designed to minimize, on a short-term basis, the Company's
exposure to the risk of fluctuations in crude oil prices and refined product
margins. The number of barrels of crude oil and refined products covered by
such contracts varies from time to time. Such purchases and sales are closely
managed and subject to internally established risk standards. The results of
these risk management activities affect refining costs of sales and inventory
costs. The Company does not engage in speculative derivative or futures
transactions.
The Company manages its total inventory position in a manner consistent with
a risk management policy which states that a normal operating inventory level
of approximately 18 million barrels of physical and paper inventory will not
be offset using risk management techniques, while material builds or draws
from this normal level may be offset by appropriate risk management strategies
to protect against an adverse impact due to unfavorable price moves. The
Company's retail network also reduces overall risk by providing ratable market
sales which represent approximately 40% of the refineries' gasoline
production. In addition, the retail network benefits from a reliable and cost-
effective source of supply.
Due to the Port Arthur refinery's Gulf Coast location, the Company has the
opportunity to limit its exposure to price fluctuations on crude oil and
finished product production through the use of U.S. Gulf Coast-based energy
derivatives, such as forward futures and option contracts relating to Gulf
Coast crack spreads. There exists a market for Gulf Coast refinery crack
spreads based on published spot market product prices and exchange-traded
crude oil. Since the Company sells the majority of the Port Arthur refinery's
production into the Gulf Coast spot market, the Company believes that forward
future and option contracts related to crack spreads may be used effectively
to hedge refining margins. While the Company's risk management program is
intended to provide a more predictable profit margin on a portion of the Port
Arthur refinery production, the use of such a program could limit the
Company's ability to participate in an improvement in Gulf Coast crack
spreads.
9
Clean Air Act/Reformulated Fuels
Under the Clean Air Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA")
promulgated regulations mandating low-sulfur diesel fuel for all on-road
consumers, and RFG for ozone non-attainment areas, including Chicago,
Milwaukee and Houston in the Company's direct market area.
The Clean Air Act requires the EPA to review national ambient air quality
standards for certain pollutants every five years. In July 1997, after such a
review, the EPA adopted more stringent national standards for ground level
ozone (smog) and particulate matter (soot). These standards, when implemented,
are likely to increase significantly the number of nonattainment areas and
thus require additional pollution controls, more extensive use of RFG, and
possibly new diesel fuel standards. Efforts are being made to influence the
legislative branch to repeal the new standards under the Congressional Review
Act. A lawsuit filed by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, the American Trucking
Association and the National Coalition of Petroleum Retailers is challenging
the implementation of these standards. As a result, it is too early to
determine what impact this rule could have on the Company.
Expenditures required to comply with reformulated fuels regulations are
primarily discretionary, subject to market conditions and economic
justification. The reformulated fuels programs impose restrictions on
properties of fuels to be refined and marketed, including those pertaining to
gasoline volatility, oxygenated content, detergent addition and sulfur
content. The regulations regarding these fuel properties vary in markets in
which the Company operates, based on attainment of air quality standards and
the time of the year. The Company's Port Arthur, Blue Island and Hartford
refineries have the capability to produce up to approximately 60%, 60%, and
25%, respectively, of their gasoline production in RFG. Each refinery's
maximum RFG production may be limited based on the clean fuels attainment of
Clark's total refining system. The Port Arthur refinery has the capability to
produce 100% low-sulfur diesel fuel.
Market Environment
The Company's feedstocks and refined products are principally commodities
and, as such, are significantly affected by a variety of factors beyond its
control, including the supply of, and demand for, crude oil, gasoline and
other refined products which, in turn, depend on, among other factors, changes
in domestic and foreign economies, weather conditions, political affairs,
crude oil production levels, the rate of industry investments, the
availability of imports, the marketing of competitive fuels and the extent of
government regulations. The Company's results are also impacted by seasonal
fluctuations with generally stronger earnings recorded during the higher
transportation-demand periods of the Spring and Summer and weaker earnings
recorded during the Fall and Winter.
The Company believes that it is well positioned to benefit from potential
long-term improvements in refining industry profitability. The Company
believes refining industry improvement may result from (i) increased demand
for gasoline and distillate fuel, (ii) domestic refinery crude oil
distillation utilization rates nearing maximum sustainable rates, (iii)
reduced growth in conversion capacity, and (iv) increased availability of
lower cost heavy sour crude oil. Conversion refers to the ability to extract
more higher-valued products, such as gasoline and distillate fuel, out of the
same barrel of crude oil.
The Company believes industry improvement has occurred since 1995 and
particularly in 1997 as indicated by improvement in certain key industry
market indicators listed in the table below:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
(IN DOLLARS PER BARREL)
Gulf Coast 3/2/1......................... $ 2.85 $ 2.61 $ 2.38 $ 2.65 $ 3.24
Chicago 3/2/1............................ 3.40 3.86 3.14 4.02 4.04
Heavy sour crude oil discount............ 6.40 4.75 4.03 4.78 5.63
Light sour crude oil discount............ 1.60 0.95 1.02 1.24 1.71
- --------
Source: Platt's
10
According to the U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information
Administration ("EIA"), U.S. demand for gasoline and distillate fuel grew from
9.4 million bpd in 1980 to 11.4 million bpd in 1997, averaging growth of 1.3%
per year during this period. The Company believes this growth in U.S. demand
for gasoline and distillate fuel is principally due to increased economic
activity in the U.S. This growth reflects the expansion of the U.S. vehicle
fleet miles driven, increased seat-miles flown on U.S. airlines and reduced
improvement in vehicle miles per gallon due to consumer preference for light
trucks and sport-utility vehicles as indicated by statistics from the U.S.
Department of Transportation. The Company believes U.S. gasoline and
distillate fuel demand will continue to track U.S. economic activity.
Since 1980, U.S. crude oil distillation capacity decreased from 18.1 million
bpd to 15.7 million bpd in 1997, according to the Oil & Gas Journal, as 137
refineries closed between 1980 and 1997. However, during this period,
conversion capacity increased to meet the growing demand for transportation
fuels. From the early 1990s until 1996, growth in conversion capacity exceeded
demand growth. According to the Oil and Gas Journal and the American Petroleum
Institute, since the early 1990s, industry capital spending, especially non-
environmental capital spending, much of which was for increased conversion
capacity, has decreased as indicated in the table below. The Company believes
this decrease is due to reduced industry profitability caused by overcapacity.
The Company believes "excess" conversion capacity may have reached equilibrium
with demand in 1996.
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
(IN BILLIONS)
Total capital expenditures............. $4.4 $6.1 $6.1 $5.4 $5.1 $4.9 $3.9 $3.9
Environmental capital expenditures..... 1.3 1.8 3.3 3.2 3.1 2.2 * *
- --------
* Not available
According to the EIA, U.S. crude oil distillation utilization rates have
steadily increased from approximately 75% in 1980 to approximately 93% in 1996
with 1997 expected to exceed 1996. The Company believes U.S. crude oil
distillation utilization rates may be approaching long-term sustainable
maximums due to the requirement for routine maintenance and the likelihood of
unplanned downtime.
The Company believes that, due to the crude oil processing capabilities of
its refineries, it may benefit from increased availability of heavy sour crude
oil. Crude oil pipeline expansions into the U.S. Midwest in 1996 and 1997 have
increased the availability of Canadian heavy sour crude oil and thereby
improved competition for crude oil sales to Midwest refiners. Additionally,
industry studies indicate improved availability of heavy and light sour crude
oil over the next several years due to increased crude oil supply from several
Western Hemisphere sources, primarily Canada and Latin America.
MARKETING
The Company markets gasoline and convenience products in ten Midwestern
states through a retail network of Company-operated stores and also markets
refined petroleum products through a wholesale program to distributors, chain
retailers and industrial consumers. Clark's retail presence is focused in the
Great Lakes region of the U.S. where the Company markets value-oriented
gasoline products, cigarettes and a unique mix of On The Go(R) (non-tobacco)
convenience products. The Company's wholesale operation markets petroleum
products in both the Midwest and Gulf Coast regions of the U.S.
Retail Division Strategy
The Company's retail strategy is based on two primary objectives,
optimization and growth, and is intended to accomplish four strategic goals:
(i) optimize core market stores by achieving first quartile return on capital
employed, (ii) realize significant productivity within the current asset base,
(iii) grow earnings through acquisitions and new initiatives designed to
leverage existing expertise, product knowledge and market/brand strength, and
(iv) meet all environmental and legislative requirements.
11
. Optimization. The retail division operating strategy centers around
optimizing the productivity of existing assets by maximizing overall gross
margin and controlling expenses. The Company's marketing strategy is
designed to position the Company as a dominant value-oriented marketer to
customers who are in their car, and on the go. The Company believes that
continued improvements in existing processes and initiatives such as
gasoline pricing, growth of higher-margin premium gasoline grades and On
The Go(R) convenience product lines, growth of other income/new concept
initiatives (such as lottery, money orders, fast food, car washes, etc.)
together with management of controllable expenses are the most effective
ways to improve profitability.
. Growth. In order to support its retail strategic objectives, the Company
performs thorough fundamental market analyses. The Company's analytical
system evaluates each existing and potential market to identify those that
it believes will produce the highest return on investment. In markets where
the Company has a competitive strength on which to build or where
opportunities have been identified by preferred market analysis, the
Company seeks to make opportunistic acquisitions to expand its market share
in existing markets as well as larger acquisitions to enter new markets.
The Company believes that continued growth through such acquisitions as the
123 stores acquired since 1994 contributes to building the Clark brand in
core markets. In markets where the Company has experienced value
deterioration in assets and the preferred market analysis has indicated
little long-term market potential exists, the Company will consider
divesting retail locations if favorable sale opportunities arise or if the
Company determines the locations would be more viable by conversion to
branded jobber locations. The Company sold 36 stores in 1997 and 25 stores
in the first two months of 1998. All of these stores were converted to
branded jobber locations. The Company is actively selling approximately 122
additional stores in outlying non-core locations.
The retail division's optimization and growth strategy is consistent with
the Company's overall business strategy and includes the following key
elements:
. Improving Productivity. The retail division's goal is to achieve
significant productivity gains exclusive of external market factors.
Examples of key productivity initiatives include increasing gasoline and
convenience product sales volumes, improving gasoline pricing and shifting
product mixes to higher-margin products.
. Optimizing Capital Investments. Retail division capital expenditures are
linked to retail division earnings, with strict emphasis placed on
internally funding capital projects. Capital is primarily budgeted for
projects relating to environmental compliance plans and discretionary
productivity improvements.
. Create Value Through People. The retail division employs a team-oriented
culture with training programs and employee incentives designed to deliver
premier customer service. The Company believes that customer satisfaction
is linked to employee satisfaction, and that its incentive systems and
feedback processes will contribute to the performance and motivation of its
workforce.
Retail Operations Overview
The Company's retail system began operations during the 1930s with the
opening of Old Clark's first store in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Old Clark then
expanded throughout the Midwest. At its peak in the early 1970s, Old Clark had
more than 1,800 retail stores and had established a strong market reputation
for the sale of high-octane gasoline at discount prices. In subsequent years,
Old Clark, in line with the general industry trends, rationalized its
operating stores by closing marginal locations. During the 1970s, the majority
of Old Clark's stores were dealer-operated. During the years 1973 through
1983, Old Clark assumed operation of most of its stores to ensure more direct
control of its marketing and distribution network.
As of December 31, 1997, the Company had 808 Company-operated retail
locations, nearly all of which operated under the Clark brand name. The
Company believes a high proportion of Company-operated stores in core markets
enables it to respond more quickly and uniformly to changing market conditions
than many of its
12
competitors, including major oil companies whose focus has generally been
operating their stores through dealer or jobber networks. Of these stores, 633
(78%) were located on Company-owned real estate and 175 (22%) were leased
locations.
Over the past several years, the Company has focused on building core
markets where it believes it can maintain or develop market share of 7.5% to
15% in order to leverage brand recognition, promotions and other marketing and
operating activities. In 1997, the Company's monthly gasoline sales per store
for stores in core markets averaged 115,500 gallons, which exceeded the
average for all markets of 107,500 and the national industry average of 84,500
gallons, while monthly sales per square foot averaged approximately $50 for
convenience products versus the industry average of approximately $25.
Additionally, the Company believes that its ability to consistently operate in
the first quartile in terms of operating and administrative costs provides it
with an important competitive advantage. Chicago, Central Illinois, Southern
Michigan, Cleveland, Milwaukee and Toledo are currently the Company's six
highest volume core metropolitan markets, with market shares of 5% to 15%. A
current trend toward consolidation in the refining and marketing sector is
viewed positively by the Company due to growth opportunities that may develop
and the potential beneficial impact that consolidation may have on longer-term
pricing.
Over the past few years the Company has also grown its market share in
several of its core markets through retail store acquisitions. In October
1994, the Company acquired 25 stores in metropolitan Chicago from State Oil
and in April 1995 acquired 35 stores in Central Illinois from Illico
Independent Oil Company. In 1996, the Company acquired four additional stores
from State Oil and 10 high-volume Chicago locations from Bell Fuels, Inc. The
latter acquisition increased the Company's market share in Chicago from
approximately 8% to 9%. In January 1997, the Company acquired 48 stores in
Southern Michigan from Silcorp, Ltd. This transaction increased the Company's
Southern Michigan market share from approximately 5% to 7%. One additional
store was acquired in Maywood, Illinois in August 1997.
Simultaneously with growing the Company's market share in core markets
through acquisitions, the Company has divested stores in non-core markets.
Since 1993, the Company has divested approximately 165 stores.
The geographic distribution of Company-operated and independently-operated
retail stores by state as of December 31, 1997, was as follows:
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF RETAIL STORES
COMPANY- INDEPENDENTLY-
OPERATED OPERATED TOTAL
-------- -------------- -----
Illinois.......................................... 267 -- 267
Michigan.......................................... 210 17 227
Ohio.............................................. 140 31 171
Indiana........................................... 78 11 89
Wisconsin......................................... 70 -- 70
Other States (a).................................. 43 12 55
--- --- ---
Total............................................. 808 71 879
=== === ===
- --------
(a) Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Pennsylvania, Texas and West
Virginia.
The Company also continues to optimize its retail stores through
productivity achieved from improved operations, profit-enhancing capital
expenditures and the addition of incremental new concept and other income
initiatives. From 1993 to 1996, the Company transformed the image of its
retail network by converting it from a 1950s look to a new vibrant color
scheme. In 1993, the Company initiated a strategy to increase the sales of On
The Go(R) products to reduce the Company's reliance on tobacco sales. This was
accomplished by remodeling
13
store interiors and adding soda fountain machines and interior beverage
coolers. In an effort to continue to improve gasoline volume, pricing, growth
of higher-margin premium gasoline grades and On The Go(R) convenience product
lines, the Company continues to upgrade the equipment for core market stores
including canopies and multiple product dispensers ("MPDs"). Currently,
approximately 93% of core market stores have canopies and approximately 70% of
these stores have MPDs. It is believed that MPDs improve volumes and margins
by enabling the Company to market a more profitable midgrade gasoline product
without the large capital expenditures required for additional underground
storage tanks. The installation of canopies enhances gasoline volumes with
better lighting and shelter from adverse weather conditions. In 1996, the
Company began adding "pay-at-the-pump" credit card technology and as of
December 31, 1997, had 77 locations with this service, and will continue to
evaluate the addition of similar technology at additional locations, as well
as other income initiatives, including car washes and branded fast food.
As a result of the above initiatives and recent acquisitions, the Company
has, from 1992 to 1997, improved monthly fuel volume per core market store by
9% to 115,500 gallons, increased monthly convenience product sales per core
market store by 45% to $30,500, increased the mix of On The Go(R) convenience
products from 32% to 44% of total convenience product sales, and improved
monthly convenience product gross margin per core market store by 61% to
$8,100.
The Company has implemented a number of environmental projects at its retail
stores. These projects include the ongoing response to the September 1988
regulations that provided for a 10-year transition period through 1998, and
are related to the design, construction, installation, repair and testing of
underground storage tanks ("UST") and the requirement of the Clean Air Act to
install Stage II vapor recovery systems at certain retail stores. As of
December 31, 1997, 86% of the Company's core market retail locations meet the
December 1998 federal UST compliance standards. The Company expects to be
fully compliant with these standards by the deadline. The Company estimates
that mandatory retail capital expenditures for environmental and regulatory
compliance for 1998 will be approximately $17 million, net of costs recovered
from state funds available for this type of work. Costs for complying with
future regulations cannot be estimated.
Market Environment
The sale of gasoline at the retail level is considered a mature industry as
consumption has historically increased at 1% to 2% per year, and industry
studies indicate that many markets have reached saturation in terms of the
number of retail outlets and fuel dispensing capability. The retail markets in
which Clark operates are highly competitive. Many well-capitalized major oil
companies and numerous independent marketers have made substantial investments
in their retail assets. Historically, this competitive environment has caused
retail gasoline margins in the Company's Midwest markets to be among the
lowest in the country.
The Company believes that the increased sale of convenience products and
fast food and the expanded offering of other services like car washes and pay-
at-the-pump technology will be the primary avenues for individual site growth
in the industry. Industry studies also indicate that the retail markets have
been characterized by several significant trends including (i) increased
rationalization of stores and consolidation of companies, (ii) changing
consumer demand to emphasize convenience and value, (iii) the impact of
governmental regulations on product offerings and services, and (iv) during
1996 and 1997, unstable gasoline unit margins due to crude oil and related
wholesale and retail price volatility.
. Rationalization/Consolidation. During the past several years, major oil
companies have rationalized their retail systems to gain efficiencies.
These companies divested non-strategic locations to focus on areas near
strategic supply sources, which has put a higher concentration of market
share in fewer geographic regions for many of these companies. In addition,
smaller operators have closed marginal and unprofitable locations due to
the investment requirements to meet the 1998 UST environmental compliance
deadline. More recently, oil companies and convenience store chains have
sought to consolidate through mergers, acquisitions and joint ventures. The
lack of availability of favorable new locations, the high cost of
14
construction of new facilities and the opportunity to achieve significant
cost reduction and brand building synergy make this attractive for many
companies.
. Changing Consumer Demand. Industry studies indicate that consumer buying
behavior continues to reflect the effect of increasing demands on consumer
time and money. Consumers have generally become time-constrained, value-
minded buyers who expect quality goods at reasonable prices.
. Government Regulations. The gasoline and convenience store industry is
subject to significant governmental regulations. The environmental
requirements for Stage II vapor recovery and UST upgrades have been
partially responsible for the closing of more than 22,000 retail stores or
close to 11% of U.S. outlets over the seven-year period of 1991 to 1997.
This trend is expected to continue through 1998. It is anticipated that
these regulations may also cause many companies with vehicle fleet programs
to abandon on-site fueling in favor of retail fueling. Most recently, the
Food and Drug Administration has initiated a series of regulations intended
to stop the sale of tobacco products to minors. Such regulations, if
enacted, may impact the way such tobacco products are marketed throughout
the country.
. Volatile Wholesale Costs. The volatility of crude oil and wholesale costs
can materially affect the profitability of retail gasoline operations.
Typically, there is a delay between changes in wholesale product costs and
changes in retail gasoline prices that prevents operators from maintaining
stable gasoline margins. During periods of rapidly rising wholesale costs,
margins are usually compressed. Conversely, during periods of falling
wholesale costs, margins usually expand.
Wholesale Division
The Company's wholesale division strategy is to leverage its strengths in
the distribution and marketing of petroleum and On The Go(R) products to
create value through commercial relationships with minimal capital investment.
The wholesale division strategy is designed to create value by focusing on
distinct channels of trade and offering products and services that meet the
unique needs of targeted customers. Wholesale marketing can be divided into
four primary functions: (i) fuel sales to distributors that resell the
product, (ii) fuel sales to commercial and transportation end-users, (iii)
branded franchise marketing, and (iv) new business franchise marketing.
The Company currently sells gasoline and diesel fuel on an unbranded basis
to approximately 450 distributors and chain retailers. The Company believes
these sales offer higher profitability than spot market alternatives.
Wholesale sales are also made to the transportation and commercial sectors,
including airlines, railroads, barge lines and other industrial end-users. In
1995, the Company initiated a branded jobber program and as of December 31,
1997, had 71 outlets owned and operated by branded jobbers. As part of its new
business franchise marketing initiative, the Company also partnered with a
grocery chain to add four branded outlets on grocery store parking lots in
late 1996 and 1997. The Company believes branded sales offer higher
profitability than unbranded sales. The Company believes that a branded
distributor program, new business franchise marketing, and further focus on
the transportation and commercial sector offer significant opportunities for
incremental sales volumes and earnings in the future.
Fuel sales to all channels of trade focus on maximizing netback realizations
(revenue less all distribution and working capital investment costs). The
wholesale division continues to refine and integrate netback management tools
to identify the most attractive short-term sales opportunities as well as to
identify the most profitable markets over the long term. Channels of trade,
product, and market-specific strategies are continually refined and optimized
through this netback methodology. Efforts focus on improving returns and
optimizing the core Midwest system while expanding Gulf Coast marketing
activities around the supply of refined products available from the Port
Arthur refinery.
15
COMPETITION
The refining and marketing segment of the oil industry is highly
competitive. Many of the Company's principal competitors are integrated
multinational oil companies that are substantially larger and better known
than the Company. Because of their diversity, integration of operations,
larger capitalization and greater resources, these major oil companies may be
better able to withstand volatile market conditions, more effectively compete
on the basis of price and more readily obtain crude oil in times of shortages.
The principal competitive factors affecting the Company's refining division
are crude oil and other feedstock costs, refinery efficiency, refinery product
mix and product distribution and transportation costs. Certain of the
Company's larger competitors have refineries which are larger and, as a
result, could have lower per-barrel costs or higher margins per barrel of
throughput. The Company has no crude oil reserves and is not engaged in
exploration and production activities. The Company obtains nearly all of its
crude oil requirements on the spot market from unaffiliated sources. The
Company believes that it will be able to obtain adequate crude oil and other
feedstocks at generally competitive prices for the foreseeable future. See
Refining--Port Arthur Refinery.
The principal competitive factors affecting the Company's retail marketing
division are locations of stores, product price and quality, appearance and
cleanliness of stores, brand identification and market share. Competition from
large, integrated oil and gas companies, as well as convenience stores which
sell motor fuel, is expected to continue. The principal competitive factors
affecting the Company's wholesale marketing business are product price and
quality, reliability and availability of supply and location of distribution
points.
THE ADVANCE CRUDE OIL PURCHASE RECEIVABLE TRANSACTIONS
In December 1995, pursuant to a merger agreement and a series of related
agreements with Oxy, the Company acquired the right to receive the equivalent
of 17.661 million barrels of WTI to be delivered over six years according to a
defined schedule. In connection with this transaction, the Company issued
common stock valued at approximately $120 million, or $20 per share (6,000,000
shares), and paid $100 million in cash to Oxy. The Company sold the Oxy
advance crude oil purchase receivable for net cash proceeds of $235.4 million
in October 1996 after receiving value for approximately 1.5 million barrels
during 1996. See Note 15 "Oxy/Gulf Transactions" to the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1997, the Company employed approximately 7,500 people,
approximately 1,000 of whom were covered by collective bargaining agreements
at the Blue Island, Hartford and Port Arthur refineries. The Hartford and Port
Arthur refinery contracts expire in February 1999 and the Blue Island refinery
contract expires in August 1999. In addition, the Company is currently
negotiating new union contracts for certain employees at its Hammond, Indiana,
and St. Louis, Missouri, terminals which expired in March. Relationships with
the unions have been good and neither Old Clark nor the Company has ever
experienced a work stoppage as a result of labor disagreements.
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
Compliance Matters
Operators of refineries and gasoline stores are subject to comprehensive and
frequently changing federal, state and local environmental laws and
regulations, including those governing emissions of air pollutants, discharges
of wastewater and stormwater, and the handling and disposal of non-hazardous
and hazardous waste. Federal, state and local laws and regulations
establishing numerous requirements and providing penalties for violations
thereof affect nearly all of the operations of the Company. Included among
such laws and regulations are the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended ("CERCLA"). Also
significantly affecting the Company are the rules and regulations of the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Many of these laws authorize
the imposition of civil and criminal sanctions upon companies that
16
fail to comply with applicable statutory or regulatory requirements. As
discussed below, federal and state agencies have filed various enforcement
actions alleging that the Company has violated a number of environmental laws
and regulations. The Company nevertheless believes that, in all material
respects, its existing operations are in compliance with such laws and
regulations.
The Company's operations are large and complex. The numerous environmental
regulations to which the Company is subject are complicated, sometimes
ambiguous, and often changing. In addition, the Company may not have detected
certain violations of environmental laws and regulations because the
conditions that constitute such violations may not be apparent. It is
therefore possible that certain of the Company's operations are not currently
in compliance with state or federal environmental laws and regulations.
Accordingly, the Company may be required to make additional expenditures to
comply with existing environmental requirements. Such expenditures, along with
fines or other penalties for noncompliance with environmental requirements,
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition,
results of operations, cash flow or liquidity.
Regulations issued by the EPA in 1988 with respect to USTs require the
Company, over a period of up to ten years, to install, where not already in
place, detection devices and corrosion protection on all USTs and piping at
its retail gasoline outlets. The regulations also require periodic tightness
testing of USTs and piping. Commencing in 1998, operators are required under
these regulations to install continuous monitoring systems for underground
tanks. In order to bring its retail stores into compliance with these
regulations, the Company estimates that capital expenditures of approximately
$17 million will be required in 1998, net of costs recovered from state funds
available for this type of work. The Company expects to be fully compliant
with these standards by the deadline. See "--Marketing" and "--Retail
Operations Overview."
The Company anticipates that, in addition to expenditures necessary to
comply with existing environmental requirements, it will incur costs in the
future to comply with new regulatory requirements arising from recently
enacted statutes (such as the Clean Air Act requirements relating to operating
permits and the control of hazardous air pollutants) and possibly with new
statutory requirements.
The Company cannot predict what environmental legislation or regulations
will be enacted in the future or how existing or future laws or regulations
will be administered or interpreted with respect to products or activities to
which they have not previously been applied. Compliance with more stringent
laws or regulations, as well as more vigorous enforcement policies of the
regulatory agencies or stricter interpretation of existing laws which may
develop in the future, could have an adverse effect on the financial position
or operations of the Company and could require substantial additional
expenditures by the Company for the installation and operation of pollution
control systems and equipment. See "--Legal Proceedings."
Remediation Matters
In addition to environmental laws that regulate the Company's ongoing
operations, Clark's various operations also are subject to liability for the
remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater. Under CERCLA and analogous
state laws, certain persons may be liable as a result of the release or
threatened release of hazardous substances (including petroleum) into the
environment. Such persons include the current owner or operator of property
where such releases or threatened releases have occurred, any persons who
owned or operated such property during the time that hazardous substances were
released at such property, and persons who arranged for the disposal of
hazardous substances at such property. Liability under CERCLA is strict.
Courts have also determined that liability under CERCLA is, in most cases
where the government is the plaintiff, joint and several, meaning that any
responsible party could be held liable for all costs necessary for
investigating and remediating a release or threatened release of hazardous
substances. As a practical matter, liability at most CERCLA (and similar)
sites is shared among all the solvent "potentially responsible parties"
("PRPs"). The most relevant factors in determining the probable liability of a
party at a CERCLA site usually are the cost of investigation and remediation,
the relative amount of hazardous substances contributed by the party to the
site and the number of solvent PRPs. While the Company maintains property and
casualty insurance in the normal course of its business, such insurance does
not typically cover remediation and certain other environmental expenses.
17
The release or discharge of petroleum and other hazardous materials can
occur at refineries, terminals and retail stores. The Company has identified a
variety of potential environmental issues at its refineries, terminals and
retail stores. In addition, each refinery has areas on-site which may contain
hazardous waste or hazardous substance contamination and which may have to be
addressed in the future at substantial cost. Many of the terminals may also
require remediation due to the age of tanks and facilities and as a result of
current or past activities at the terminal properties including several
significant spills and past on-site waste disposal practices. See "--Legal
Proceedings."
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
As a result of its activities, the Company is the subject of a number of
legal and administrative proceedings relating to environmental matters. The
Company is required by the Commission to disclose all matters that could be
material or that involve a governmental authority and could reasonably involve
monetary sanctions of $100,000 or greater.
Hartford Federal Enforcement. In May 1997, the EPA served a Notice of
Violation on Clark alleging violations of the Clean Air Act, and regulations
promulgated thereunder, in the operation and permitting of the Hartford
refinery fluid catalytic cracking unit. No estimate can be made at this time
of Clark's potential liability, if any, as a result of this matter.
Hartford State Enforcement. In 1996, Clark settled the matter People of the
State of Illinois v. Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. PCB No. 95-163. One
remaining issue concerning the exempt status of Clark's wastewater treatment
system was submitted to an administrative agency on a stipulation of facts. No
estimate of any liability with respect to this remaining element of the
complaint can be made at this time.
Blue Island Federal Enforcement. The Blue Island refinery is the subject of
federal investigations concerning potential violations of certain
environmental laws and regulations. In September 1996, the EPA served a Notice
of Violation and a Finding of Violation on Clark alleging Clark is in
violation of certain provisions of the Clean Air Act. In August 1997, the EPA
served a Finding of Violation on Clark alleging a violation of the federal New
Source Performance Standards. In March 1997, the EPA initiated a multimedia
investigation at the Blue Island refinery. The investigation included an on-
site visit, requests for information and meetings. Also in March 1997, Clark
received a Grand Jury subpoena requesting certain documents relating to
wastewater discharges. No estimate can be made whether any potential for
liability exists as a result of these matters.
Blue Island State Enforcement. People ex rel. Ryan v. Clark Refining &
Marketing, Inc., is currently pending in the Circuit Court of Cook County,
Illinois alleging operation of the Blue Island refinery in violation of
environmental laws. The allegations originate from a fire that occurred in the
Isomax unit in March 1995, a release of hydrogen fluoride in May 1995 from a
processing unit, other releases into the air that occurred in the past three
years, and releases of wastewater and stormwater to the Cal Sag Channel. Clark
has filed an Answer denying the material allegations in the lawsuit. No
estimate of any liability with respect to this matter can be made at this
time.
St. Louis Terminal. In January 1994, a gasoline spill occurred at Clark's
St. Louis terminal. In May 1997, Clark received correspondence from the State
of Missouri seeking the payment of a penalty of less than $200,000 related to
this matter.
Sashabaw Road. In May 1993 Clark received correspondence from the Michigan
Department of Natural Resources ("MDNR") indicating that the MDNR believes
that Clark may be a potentially responsible party in connection with
groundwater contamination in the vicinity of one of its retail stores on
Sashabaw Road in Oakland County, Michigan. In July 1994, MDNR commenced suit
against Clark and is currently seeking $300,000 to resolve the matter.
18
Port Arthur Refinery. The original refinery on the site of the Port Arthur
refinery began operating in 1901, prior to modern environmental laws and
methods of operation. While the Company believes, as a result, that there is
extensive contamination at the site, the Company is unable to estimate the
cost of remediating such contamination. Under the purchase agreement between
Clark and Chevron, Chevron will be obligated to perform the required
remediation of more than 97% of pre-closing contamination. The Company
estimates its obligation at approximately $8 million. As a result of the
acquisition, Clark may become jointly and severally liable under CERCLA for
the costs of investigation and remediation at the site. In the event that
Chevron is unable (as a result of bankruptcy or otherwise) or unwilling to
perform the required remediation at the site, Clark may be required to do so.
The cost of any such remediation could be substantial and could be beyond the
Company's financial ability. In June 1997, Clark, Chevron and the State of
Texas entered into an Agreed Order that substantially confirmed the relative
obligations of Clark and Chevron.
As of December 31, 1997, the Company has accrued a total of $44.6 million
for legal and environmental-related obligations that may result from the
matters noted above, other legal and environmental matters and obligations
associated with certain retail sites. While it is not possible at this time to
estimate the ultimate amount of liability with respect to the legal
proceedings described above, the Company is of the opinion that the aggregate
amount of any such liability will not have a material adverse effect on its
financial position; however, an adverse outcome of any one or more of these
matters could have a material effect on quarterly or annual operating results
or cash flows when resolved in a future period.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY-HOLDERS
Inapplicable
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
Inapplicable
19
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected consolidated financial data set forth below for the Company as
of December 31, 1996 and 1997 and for each of the years in the three-year
period ended December 31, 1997 are derived from the audited financial
statements included elsewhere herein. The selected financial data set forth
below for the Company as of December 31, 1993, 1994, and 1995 and for each of
the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 1994 are derived from the
audited financial statements not included elsewhere herein. This table should
be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations" and the Consolidated Financial Statements
and related notes included herein.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------------------------
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT RATIOS AND OPERATING DATA)
STATEMENT OF EARNINGS
DATA:
Net sales and operating
revenues.............. $ 2,264.7 $ 2,441.2 $ 4,486.8 $ 5,073.1 $ 4,336.8
Cost of sales.......... 1,930.3 2,086.6 4,015.2 4,557.0 3,703.4
Operating expenses
(a)................... 207.5 225.8 375.6 420.0 433.9
General and
administrative
expenses (a).......... 43.4 51.3 52.3 59.4 66.9
Depreciation and
amortization (b)...... 35.4 37.4 43.5 48.5 61.3
Inventory (recovery of)
write-down to market
value................. 26.5 (26.5) -- -- 19.2
Recapitalization, asset
writeoffs and other
charges............... -- -- -- -- 51.8
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Operating income
(loss)................ $ 21.6 $ 66.6 $ 0.2 $ (11.8) $ 0.3
Interest and financing
costs, net (c)........ 43.7 53.7 59.2 47.5 80.1
Other income (expense)
(d)................... 11.4 (1.1) -- -- --
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Earnings (loss) from
continuing operations
before taxes,
extraordinary items
and cumulative effect
of change in
accounting
principles............ $ (10.7) $ 11.8 $ (59.0) $ (59.3) $ (79.8)
Income tax provision
(benefit)............. (4.2) 4.0 (21.9) (3.1) 7.6
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Earnings (loss) from
continuing operations
before extraordinary
items and cumulative
effect of change in
accounting
principles............ $ (6.5) $ 7.8 $ (37.1) $ (56.2) $ (87.4)
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Cash, cash equivalents
and short-term
investments........... $ 232.9 $ 155.0 $ 149.8 $ 354.8 $ 251.0
Total assets........... 865.4 891.7 1,364.9 1,432.8 1,275.6
Long-term debt......... 538.1 553.3 765.0 781.4 765.9
Exchangeable preferred
stock................. -- -- -- -- 64.8
Stockholders' equity... 49.5 56.2 154.2 214.4 38.4
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA:
Cash flows from
operating activities.. $ 57.8 $ 56.3 $ (81.5) $ 22.4 $ 76.9
Cash flows from
investing activities.. (40.2) (2.2) (240.1) 218.5 (125.6)
Cash flows from
financing activities.. 29.7 (6.5) 298.9 (4.7) (55.1)
Expenditures for
turnaround............ $ 20.6 $ 11.2 $ 6.5 $ 13.9 $ 47.4
Expenditures for
property, plant and
equipment............. 68.1 100.4 42.2 45.0 83.7
Refinery acquisition
expenditures.......... -- 13.5 71.8 -- --
OPERATING DATA:
Refining Division
Port Arthur Refinery
(acquired February 27,
1995)
Production (m
bbls/day)............. -- -- 207.7 210.8 213.5
Gross margin (per bbl)
(a)................... -- -- $ 2.28 $ 2.78 $ 3.84
Operating expenses
(a)................... -- -- 121.6 164.7 170.7
Blue Island, Hartford
and other refining
Production (m
bbls/day)............. 134.7 140.3 136.5 134.2 135.8
Gross margin (per bbl)
(a)................... $ 3.68 $ 3.35 $ 2.51 $ 2.56 $ 3.79
Operating expenses
(a)................... 104.3 115.0 130.2 126.6 123.2
Refining operating
contribution (mm)..... 65.7 40.1 (0.6) 27.9 169.9
Retail Division:
Number of stores
(average)(e).......... 860 834 852 823 814
Gasoline volume (mm
gals)................. 1,014.8 1,028.5 1,063.8 1,031.9 1,038.9
Gasoline volume (m gals
pmps)................. 98.6 102.8 104.1 104.5 107.5
Gasoline gross margin
(cents/gal)........... 11.1c 10.9c 11.4c 10.4c 10.5c
Convenience product
sales (mm)............ $ 218.0 $ 231.6 $ 252.6 $ 251.7 $ 283.9
Convenience product
sales (pmps).......... 21.2 23.1 24.7 25.5 29.1
Convenience product
gross margin and other
income (mm)........... 54.8 57.2 62.9 65.8 71.9
Convenience product
gross margin (pmps)... 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.6 7.7
Operating expenses (mm)
(a)................... 98.5 105.0 121.7 126.3 136.9
Retail operating
contribution (mm)..... 49.6 44.4 45.2 25.2 21.8
20
- --------
(a) Certain reclassifications have been made to prior periods to conform to
current period presentation.
(b) Amortization includes amortization of turnaround costs and organizational
costs.
(c) Interest and financing costs, net, included amortization of debt issuance
costs of $1.7 million, $1.8 million, $6.5 million, $10.2 million and $10.2
million for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 and 1997.
Interest and financing costs, net, also included interest on all
indebtedness, net of capitalized interest and interest income.
(d) Other expense in 1994 included financing costs associated with a withdrawn
debt offering. Other income in 1993 included the final settlement of
litigation with Drexel Burnham Lambert Incorporated ("Drexel") of $8.5
million and a gain from the sale of noncore stores of $2.9 million.
(e) Ten stores included in 1997 operated exclusively as convenience stores and
did not sell fuel.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated
Financial Statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
Since Clark is the principal operating subsidiary of the Company, a
discussion of the Company's results of operations consists principally of a
discussion of Clark's results of operations. The Company's results are
significantly affected by a variety of factors beyond its control, including
the supply of, and demand for, crude oil, gasoline and other refined products
which, in turn, depend on, among other factors, changes in domestic and
foreign economies, weather conditions, domestic and foreign political affairs
and production levels, the availability of imports, the marketing of
competitive fuels and the extent of government regulation. Although margins
are significantly affected by industry and regional factors, the Company can
influence its margins through the efficiency of its operations. While the
Company's net sales and operating revenues fluctuate significantly with
movements in industry crude oil prices, such prices do not generally have a
direct long-term relationship to net earnings. Crude oil price movements may
impact net earnings in the short term because of fixed crude oil purchase
commitments which average approximately five million barrels. See "Business--
Refining." The effect of changes in crude oil prices on the Company's
operating results is determined more by the rate at which the prices of
refined products adjust to reflect such changes. The Company believes that, in
general, low crude oil prices indirectly benefit operating results over the
longer term due to increased demand and decreased working capital
requirements. Conversely, the Company believes that high crude oil prices
generally result in decreased demand and increased working capital
requirements over the long term. Increased refinery production is typically
associated with improved results of operations, while reduced production,
which generally occurs during scheduled refinery maintenance turnarounds,
negatively affects results of operations.
The following table illustrates the potential pre-tax earnings impact based
on historical operating rates estimated by the Company resulting from changes
in several key market indicators: (i) sweet crude oil cracking margins--the
spread between gasoline and diesel fuel prices and input (e.g., a benchmark
light sweet crude oil) costs; (ii) sweet/sour differentials--the spread
between a benchmark light sour crude oil and a benchmark light sweet crude
oil; (iii) heavy/light differentials--the spread between a benchmark light
sweet crude oil and a benchmark heavy sour crude oil; and (iv) retail
margins--the spread between product prices at the retail level and wholesale
product costs.
PRE-TAX
EARNINGS
IMPACT ON THE
EARNINGS SENSITIVITY CHANGE COMPANY(a)
-------------------- ------ -------------
Refining margins
Sweet crude cracking margin................. $0.10 per barrel $13 million
Sweet sour differentials.................... 0.10 per barrel 9 million
Heavy light differentials................... 0.10 per barrel 3 million
Retail margin................................. $0.01 per gallon $10 million
- --------
(a) Based on an assumed production of approximately 225,000 bpd for the Port
Arthur refinery and 140,000 bpd for the Illinois refineries.
21
1997 compared with 1996 and 1995:
The following tables provide supplementary data in a format that is not
intended to represent an income statement presented in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. Certain reclassifications have also
been made to prior periods to conform to current period presentation. The
Company considers certain items in each of the periods discussed herein to be
special items. These items are discussed separately below.
FINANCIAL RESULTS:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------
1995 1996 1997
-------- -------- --------
(IN MILLIONS)
OPERATING INCOME:
Refining contribution to operating income........ $ (0.6) $ 27.9 $ 169.9
Retail contribution to operating income.......... 45.2 25.2 21.8
Corporate general and administrative expenses.... 13.0 14.9 17.9
------- -------- --------
Operating contribution......................... 31.6 38.2 173.8
Inventory timing adjustments gain (loss)......... 12.1 (1.5) (41.2)
Inventory write-down to market................... -- -- (19.2)
Recapitalization, asset write-offs and other
costs........................................... -- -- (51.8)
Depreciation and amortization.................... 43.5 48.5 61.3
------- -------- --------
Operating income (loss)........................ $ 0.2 $ (11.8) $ 0.3
======= ======== ========
- --------
(a) Includes adjustments to inventory costs caused by timing differences
between when crude oil is actually purchased and refined products are
actually sold, and a daily "market in, market out" operations measurement
methodology for the refining division.
The Company recorded an operating contribution of $173.8 million in 1997
which was improved over the operating contribution of $38.2 million and $31.6
million in 1996 and 1995, respectively. Refining industry conditions improved
in 1997 from the previous two years and the Company had strong operations
despite two major scheduled maintenance turnarounds during the year. However,
principally due to several significant items the Company considers special, it
reported a net loss available to common stockholders of $109.9 million in 1997
compared to net losses of $56.2 million and $37.1 million in 1996 and 1995,
respectively. Net sales and operating revenues and cost of goods sold were
higher in 1996 than 1997 or 1995 principally because of higher hydrocarbon
prices in that period.
Special items totaled $132.9 million in 1997 of which $112.2 million reduced
operating income and $20.7 million was recorded as an extraordinary item for
early retirement of debt. See Note 8 "Long-Term Debt" and Note 14
"Recapitalization, Asset Write-off's and Other Charges" to the Consolidated
Financial Statements. The inventory timing adjustment loss of $41.2 million in
1997 was principally due to the timing impact of an over $8 per barrel
decrease in crude oil prices on crude oil purchases, and refined product sale
commitments. Gains in 1996 resulting from rising crude oil prices were offset
by the volatility of the crude oil market principally related to the
uncertainty associated with Iraq's pending reentry into the world markets.
These gains and losses resulted from the fact that feedstock acquisition costs
are fixed on average two to three weeks prior to the manufacture and sale of
the finished products. The Company does not currently hedge this price risk
because of the cost of entering into appropriate hedge-related derivatives and
the long-term nature of such risk. A non-cash accounting charge of $19.2
million was recorded in 1997 to reflect the decline in the value of petroleum
inventories below carrying value caused by the substantial drop in petroleum
prices. Recapitalization, asset write-offs and other costs totaled $51.8
million in 1997. This item included a non-cash charge of $22.8 million
principally to writedown the value of an idled refining capital project that
is being dismantled for more productive use. A non-cash charge of $18.3
million was also recorded in 1997 due to a change in strategic direction
principally for certain legal, environmental and other accruals related to
existing actions. In addition, the Company incurred
22
costs of $10.7 million in connection with affiliates of Blackstone acquiring a
controlling interest in the Company. The Company did not record a significant
current year tax provision in 1997 or 1996 due to its tax carryforward
position. In 1996, the Company sold its advance crude oil purchase receivable
acquired in the Oxy Transaction for cash proceeds of $235.4 million,
recognizing a gain of $10.9 million that was recorded as finance income.
REFINING
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT OPERATING DATA)
OPERATING STATISTICS:
PORT ARTHUR REFINERY (ACQUIRED FEBRU-
ARY 27, 1995)
Crude oil throughput (m bbls/day)..... 198.9 199.8 206.6
Production (m bbls/day)............... 207.7 210.8 213.5
Gross margin (per barrel of produc-
tion)................................ $ 2.28 $ 2.78 $ 3.84
Operating expenses.................... 121.6 164.7 170.7
Net margin.......................... $ 24.2 $ 49.7 $ 128.6
BLUE ISLAND, HARTFORD AND OTHER
REFINING
Crude oil throughput (m bbls/day)..... 133.6 132.7 128.5
Production (m bbls/day)............... 136.5 134.2 135.8
Gross margin (per barrel of produc-
tion)................................ $ 2.51 $ 2.56 $ 3.79
Operating expenses.................... 130.2 126.6 123.2
Clark Pipe Line net margin............ 1.7 2.3 2.0
Net margin.......................... $ (3.2) $ 1.4 $ 66.9
Divisional general and administrative
expenses............................. 21.6 23.2 25.6
------------ ------------ ------------
Operating contribution................ $ (0.6) $ 27.9 $ 169.9
============ ============ ============
Refining division contribution to operating income in 1997 was $169.9
million, significantly higher than the 1996 ($27.9 million) or 1995 (negative
$0.6 million) contribution. Contribution increased in 1997 due to improved
yields and throughput and wider crude oil quality differentials. Crude oil
quality differential market indicators for light sour crude oil improved from
$1.02 per barrel and $1.24 per barrel in 1995 and 1996, respectively, to $1.71
per barrel in 1997. Market indicators for the benefit for heavy sour crude oil
improved from $4.03 per barrel and $4.78 per barrel in 1995 and 1996,
respectively to $5.63 per barrel in 1997. The Company believes these crude oil
quality differential indicators improved primarily due to increased production
of heavy and sour crude oil, increased availability of Canadian light and
heavy sour crude oil from the Express and Interprovincial pipelines, higher
levels of industry refinery maintenance turnarounds and milder winter weather
in the first quarter of 1997. Hartford refinery results in 1997 particularly
benefited from improved access to lower-cost Canadian heavy crude oil. Port
Arthur refinery results in 1997 were also buoyed by the operational benefits
realized from a first quarter maintenance turnaround. Refining operating
contribution improved in 1996 over 1995 principally because of an improvement
in the Port Arthur refinery's gross margin resulting from improvements in
operating rates, reliability and yields. More normal winter weather, and
corresponding demand, contributed to a 2.4% increase in fuels demand from 1995
to 1996. However, these positive market trends were more than offset by
reduced by-product margins.
The major scheduled maintenance turnarounds in 1997 at the Port Arthur
refinery and the Hartford refinery resulted in an opportunity cost from lost
production of $19.3 million. Unscheduled downtime at the Blue Island refinery
in 1995 and 1996 reduced gross margins by an estimated $5.5 million and $3.1
million, respectively in these years. The Company has major maintenance
turnarounds scheduled for 1998 at the Port Arthur refinery and the Blue Island
refinery.
23
Operating expenses increased at the Port Arthur refinery from 1995 to 1996
and 1997 principally due to the refinery being owned for a full year in the
last two years versus only 10 months in 1995. Refinery fuel costs were also
much higher in the past two years due to higher natural gas prices. Operating
expenses for the Illinois refineries were higher in 1995 due to expenses ($6.5
million) associated with unplanned downtime at the Blue Island refinery.
Divisional general and administrative expenses increased in 1996 and 1997
principally because of the full year inclusion of administrative functions
located at the Port Arthur refinery and higher incentive pay in 1997 due to a
stronger operating contribution.
RETAIL
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT OPERATING DATA)
OPERATING STATISTICS:
Gasoline volume (mm gals).......... 1,063.8 1,031.9 1,038.9
Gasoline gross margin (cents/gal).. 11.4c 10.4c 10.5c
Gasoline gross margin.............. $ 121.7 $ 107.0 $ 109.3
Convenience product sales.......... 252.6 251.7 283.9
Convenience product gross margin
and other income.................. 62.1 65.4 75.3
Gain (loss) on asset sales and oth-
er................................ 0.8 0.4 (3.4)
Operating expenses................. 121.7 126.3 136.9
Divisional general and administra-
tive expenses..................... 17.7 21.3 22.5
------------ ------------ ------------
Operating contribution............. $ 45.2 $ 25.2 $ 21.8
============ ============ ============
PER MONTH PER STORE:
Company operated stores (average).. 852 823 814
Gasoline volume (m gals) (a)....... 104.1 104.5 107.5
Convenience product sales (m)...... $ 24.7 $ 25.5 $ 29.1
Convenience product gross margin
(m)............................... $ 6.1 $ 6.6 $ 7.7
- --------
(a) Ten stores included in 1997 operated exclusively as convenience stores.
The retail division contributed $21.8 million to operating income in 1997
(1996--$25.2 million; 1995--$45.2 million). The retail division operating
contribution in 1996 and 1997 was below 1995 levels primarily due to pressure
on retail gasoline margins. In 1996, this resulted from an increase in
wholesale gasoline costs associated with rising and higher crude oil prices
that was not fully captured in retail selling prices due to an extremely
competitive Midwest retail market environment. Retail margins have
historically benefited when crude oil prices fall, but the benefit of the
crude oil price decline in 1997 was not fully realized because wholesale
prices did not fall as much as crude oil prices and due to highly competitive
retail markets. Gross margins on convenience product sales and monthly
convenience product sales and gross margins per store improved over the last
three years due to the addition of larger stores and an improved mix of higher
margin On The Go(R) convenience products. Operating and general and
administrative expenses have increased over the last three years principally
because of lease expenses and higher operating costs for larger stores
acquired during this period and expansion of Clark's credit card program.
The Company continued to implement its strategy in 1997 to focus its
Company-operated retail operations on core markets. Over the past three years,
123 stores have been acquired in core markets, 49 of these stores were
acquired in 1997. These stores typically have a much larger convenience store
than the "traditional" Clark store. The Company also was actively marketing in
1997 the remaining stores in non-core markets. During 1997, 36 stores were
sold to independent operators and it is expected that an additional 147 stores
will be sold or closed by mid 1998. These stores contributed approximately $5
million to operating income in 1997. Many of these stores will be converted to
the Company's branded jobber program.
24
OTHER FINANCIAL MATTERS
Corporate and divisional general and administrative expenses increased in
1997 over 1995 and 1996 and principally because of accruals for higher
incentive compensation resulting from the Company's stronger operating
contribution.
Depreciation and amortization expenses increased in 1997 over 1996 and 1995
principally because of amortization of the Port Arthur refinery maintenance
turnaround performed in the first quarter of 1997. In addition, the Company
had higher capital expenditures in 1997.
Interest and financing costs, net increased in 1997 over 1996 principally
due to the sale in late 1996 of an advance crude oil purchase receivable. This
receivable provided finance income of $20.9 million in 1996 and a gain on the
sale of $10.9 million. Interest expense increased in 1996 and 1995 primarily
because of the compounding effect related to the Clark USA's Senior Secured
Zero Coupon Notes, due 2000 ("Zero Coupon Notes") and the issuance in December
1995 of $175 million of 10 7/8% Senior Notes due 2005 ("10 7/8% Senior Notes")
in connection with the advance crude oil purchase receivable transaction. In
late 1997, the Company redeemed Clark's $225 million 10 1/2% Senior Notes, due
2001 ("10 1/2% Senior Notes") and repurchased substantially all of Clark USA's
Zero Coupon Notes. Clark issued $100 million 8 3/8% Senior Notes due 2007 ("8
3/8% Senior Notes") and $175 million 8 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2007
("8 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes") and entered into a $125 million floating
rate bank loan due 2004 ("Floating Rate Loan") (together, the "Offering") and
Clark USA completed the Tiger Transaction. See Note 8 "Long-Term Debt", Note
13 "Equity Recapitalization and Change of Control" and Note 15 "Oxy/Gulf
Transactions" to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company operates many computer programs that use only two digits to
identify a year. If these programs are not modified or replaced by the year
2000, such applications could fail or create erroneous results. Some
applications have already been replaced or modified. The Company has hired
outside consultants to assist it in evaluating the scope of the remaining
required program conversions or replacements. Based on preliminary
information, the Company estimates the cost of such remaining program
conversions or replacements to be approximately $5 million to $10 million, and
estimate completion by 2000. Such costs will be expensed as incurred.
OUTLOOK
Since most of the Company's products are commodities, supply and demand for
crude oil and refined products have a significant impact on the Company's
results. Demand for fuels products has grown by an average of 2% per year
since 1992 primarily as a result of increased miles driven and little
improvement in the fuel efficiency of the U.S. automobile fleet. The Company
believes that capital spending in the refining sector is highly correlated to
refining industry profitability. As a result of the high capital spending
levels of the early 1990s, the industry's ability to produce refined products
exceeded demand in recent years. Since then, industry refinery capital
spending has declined. The Company expects that there will continue to be
volatility in refining margins and the Company's earnings because of the
seasonal nature of refined product demand and the commodity nature of the
Company's refined products.
In the short term, retail margins are generally squeezed in periods of rapid
oil price increases, as was the case in 1996, and widen as prices stabilize or
fall. In late 1998, the deadline for UST compliance will be reached. The
Company believes the investment required by these regulations may cause
smaller, less competitive locations to close. In the long term, the Company
believes margins are driven by market share and concentration. The Company
believes that, over the last five years, the Company's Midwest market has
averaged among the lowest margins in the U.S. due to its relatively high level
of fragmentation.
25
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------
1995 1996 1997
------- ------- -------
(IN MILLIONS)
FINANCIAL POSITION:
Cash and short-term investments...................... $ 149.8 $ 354.8 $ 251.0
Working capital...................................... 249.8 430.1 283.3
Property, plant and equipment........................ 550.9 557.3 578.0
Long-term debt....................................... 765.0 781.4 765.9
Exchangeable preferred stock......................... -- -- 64.8
Stockholders' equity................................. 154.2 214.4 38.4
Operating cash flow (excluding working capital
changes)............................................ 7.6 4.2 57.6
Net cash generated by operating activities, excluding working capital
changes ("Operating Cash Flow"), for the year ended December 31, 1997 was
$57.6 million compared with $4.2 million in 1996 and $7.6 million in 1995.
Operating Cash Flow improved in 1997 principally because of a stronger
refining margin environment and improved refining productivity. Working
capital as of December 31, 1997 was $283.3 million, a 1.82 to 1 current ratio,
versus $430.1 million, a 2.10 to 1 current ratio as of December 31, 1996 and
$249.8 million, a 1.63 to 1 current ratio, as of December 31, 1995. Working
capital decreased during 1997 principally because of the acquisition of 48
retail stores in Michigan, the capital cost of the Port Arthur and Hartford
refinery maintenance turnarounds, debt reduction and refinancing costs and
lower inventory carrying values caused by the decrease in hydrocarbon prices
in 1997. Working capital increased in 1996 as a result of the sale of one of
the Company's advance crude oil purchase receivables for net cash proceeds of
$235.4 million.
As part of its overall inventory management and crude acquisition
strategies, the Company routinely buys and sells, in varying degrees, crude
oil in the spot market. Such ongoing activities carry various payment terms
and require the Company to maintain adequate liquidity and working capital
facilities. The Company's short-term working capital requirements fluctuate
with the pricing and sourcing of crude oil. Historically, the Company's
internally generated cash flows have been sufficient to meet its needs.
Clark's credit agreement is used for the issuance of letters of credit
primarily for the purchase of crude oil and other feedstocks and refined
products.
In September 1997, Clark entered into a credit agreement (the "Credit
Agreement") which provides for borrowings and the issuance of letters of
credit of up to the lesser of $400 million or the amount of a borrowing base
calculated with respect to Clark's cash and cash equivalents, eligible
investments, eligible receivables and eligible petroleum inventories. Direct
borrowings are limited to the principal amount of $50 million. Borrowings
under the Credit Agreement are secured by a lien on substantially all of
Clark's cash and cash equivalents, receivables, crude oil, refined product
inventories and other inventories and trademarks and other intellectual
property. As of December 31, 1997, there were no direct borrowings under the
Credit Agreement and Clark was in compliance with all covenants of the Credit
Agreement.
The Credit Agreement contains covenants and conditions which, among other
things, limit dividends, indebtedness, liens, investments, contingent
obligations and capital expenditures, and require Clark to maintain its
property and insurance, to pay all taxes and comply with all laws, and to
provide periodic information and conduct periodic audits on behalf of the
lenders. Clark is also required to comply with certain financial covenants.
The financial covenants are: (i) maintenance of working capital of at least
$150 million at all times; (ii) maintenance of a tangible net worth (as
defined) of at least $280 million; and (iii) maintenance of minimum levels of
balance sheet cash (as defined) of $50 million at all times. The covenants
also provide for a cumulative cash flow test, as defined in the Credit
Agreement, that, from March 31, 1997, shall not be less than or equal to zero
at all times. The Credit Agreement also limits the amount of future additional
indebtedness outside of the cumulative cash flow covenant that may be incurred
by the Company in an amount equal to $25 million.
Cash flows used in, and from, investing activities (excluding short-term
investment activities which the Company manages similar to cash and cash
equivalents) are primarily affected by acquisitions and capital
26
expenditures, including refinery maintenance turnarounds. Cash flows used in
investing activities (excluding short-term investments) in 1997 was $125.6
million as compared to cash flow generated in 1996 of $187.4 million and cash
flow used in 1995 of $224.5 million. Two major refinery maintenance
turnarounds and a large retail store acquisition increased cash flow used in
investing activities in 1997. Cash flow was generated in 1996 from the sale of
one of the advance crude oil purchase receivables. Cash flow used in investing
activities in 1995 was principally due to the acquisition of the advance crude
oil purchase receivables from subsidiaries of Oxy and Gulf Resources
Corporation ("Gulf") and the Port Arthur refinery acquisition. Capital
expenditures for property, plant and equipment totaled $83.7 million in 1997
(1996--$45.0 million; 1995--$42.2 million) and expenditures for refinery
maintenance turnarounds totaled $47.4 million (1996--$13.9 million; 1995--$6.5
million). Capital expenditures were reduced in 1996 and 1995 in response to
lower Operating Cash Flow. Refining division capital expenditures were $32.0
million in 1997 (1996--$19.4 million, 1995--$15.9 million). Approximately one-
half of 1997 and 1996 expenditures were discretionary with the balance and
most of 1995 expenditures primarily for mandatory maintenance and
environmental expenditures. Discretionary refining capital expenditures in
1997 were principally to increase the ability of the Hartford refinery to
process heavy, sour Canadian crude oil and debottlenecking improvements to the
Port Arthur refinery's FCC unit. Retail capital expenditures in 1997 totaled
$47.7 million (1996--$24.6 million; 1995--$25.2 million). Retail capital
expenditures increased in 1997 due to the acquisition and subsequent image
conversion of 48 retail stores in Michigan ($21 million). Approximately one-
half of 1996 and 1995 expenditures were for regulatory compliance, principally
underground storage tank-related work and vapor recovery.
In February 1995, the Company acquired the Port Arthur refinery from Chevron
for approximately $70 million, plus inventory and spare parts of approximately
$122 million and the assumption of certain liabilities estimated at $19.4
million. The purchase agreement also provided for contingent payments to
Chevron of up to $125 million over a five-year period from the closing date of
the Port Arthur refinery acquisition in the event that refining industry
margin indicators exceed certain escalating levels. The Company believes that
even if such contingent payments would be required, they would not have a
material adverse effect on the Company since the Company would also benefit
from such increased margins. Such contingent payments were not payable for the
first three measurement periods ended September 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997, and
based on these industry margin indicators from inception through December 31,
1997, the Company had a cumulative benefit of approximately $35.8 million
applicable to future calculations.
The Company classifies its capital expenditures into two categories,
mandatory and discretionary. Mandatory maintenance capital expenditures are
required to maintain safe and reliable operations, and mandatory environmental
expenditures are required to comply with regulations pertaining to ground,
water and air contamination and occupational, safety and health issues. The
Company estimates that total mandatory expenditures through 2000 will average
approximately $55.0 million per year in the refining division and $10.0
million per year in the retail division. Costs to comply with future
regulations cannot be estimated.
Expenditures to comply with reformulated and low-sulfur fuels regulations
are primarily discretionary, subject to market conditions and economic
justification. These fuel programs impose restrictions on properties of fuels
to be refined and marketed, including those pertaining to gasoline volatility,
oxygenate content, detergent addition and sulfur content. The regulations
regarding these fuel properties vary in markets in which the Company operates,
based on attainment of air quality standards and the time of the year. The
Company's Port Arthur, Blue Island and Hartford refineries have the capability
to produce approximately 60%, 60%, and 25%, respectively, of their gasoline
production in RFG. Each refinery's maximum RFG production may be limited based
on the clean fuels attainment of Clark's total refining system. The Port
Arthur refinery has the capability to produce 100% low-sulfur diesel fuel.
The Company has a philosophy to link total capital expenditures to cash
generated from operations. The Company has a total capital and refinery
maintenance turnaround expenditure budget of approximately $130 million for
1998. This amount includes expenditures of approximately $30 million related
to planned major maintenance turnarounds at the Port Arthur and Blue Island
refineries. Total capital expenditures may be under budget if cash flow is
less than expected, and higher than budget if cash flow is better than
expected.
27
Cash flow used in financing activities was $55.1 million and $4.7 million in
1997 and 1996, respectively; with $298.9 million provided by financing
activities in 1995. On November 21, 1997, the Company repurchased for $206.6
million, $259.2 million (value at maturity) of Zero Coupon Notes tendered
pursuant to a tender offer. To facilitate the repurchase, Clark returned
capital of $215 million to the Company. The Company called the remaining Zero
Coupon Notes outstanding on February 15, 1998. Subsequently on November 21,
1997, the Company completed the Offering receiving net proceeds of
approximately $390 million. On December 24, 1997, Clark redeemed all $225
million of the 10 1/2% Senior Notes outstanding at a price of $1,032.96 for
each $1,000.00 principal amount of the notes. In 1995, financing activities
reflected the partial financing of the Port Arthur refinery acquisition with
the sale of stock (the balance was financed with cash on hand), the issuance
of the 10 7/8% Senior Notes in connection with the advance crude oil purchase
transactions, fees related to the larger working capital facility associated
with the expanded working capital needs of the Company following the Port
Arthur refinery acquisition and two capital leases associated with the sale
and leaseback of certain refinery equipment at the Hartford and Port Arthur
refineries.
In October 1997, Clark USA reclassified the common equity interest of Tiger
into the Exchangeable Preferred Stock which was sold to investors. Clark USA
is required, subject to certain conditions, to redeem all of the Exchangeable
Preferred Stock on October 1, 2009. The Exchangeable Preferred Stock is
exchangeable, subject to certain conditions, into 11 1/2% Subordinated
Exchange Debentures due 2009.
On November 3, 1997, Blackstone acquired the 13,500,000 shares of Common
Stock of Clark USA previously held by TrizecHahn and certain of its
subsidiaries, as a result of which Blackstone obtained a controlling interest
in Clark USA. This transaction triggered the Change of Control covenant in
Clark USA's Zero Coupon Notes and Clark's 9 1/2% Senior Notes, due 2004 ("9
1/2% Senior Notes") and 10 1/2% Senior Notes and could have triggered the
Change of Control covenant in the Clark USA's 10 7/8% Senior Notes had it
resulted in a Ratings Decline (as defined) during the 90 days following the
Change of Control. Under such covenants, noteholders had the right to require
the Company to repurchase their notes at 101% of face value. However, all of
the 10 1/2% Senior Notes and the Zero Coupon Notes were redeemed or
repurchased in late 1997 and early 1998 in connection with the Offering, and
the Company was only required to repurchase $3.3 million of the 9 1/2% Senior
Notes during the Change of Control tender period. In addition, the Blackstone
Transaction did not result in a Ratings Decline. Clark's credit facility was
amended to permit the acquisition by Blackstone of the Company's Common Stock.
Funds generated from operating activities together with existing cash, cash
equivalents and short-term investments, are expected to be adequate to fund
existing requirements for working capital and capital expenditure programs for
the next year. Due to the commodity nature of its products, the Company's
operating results are subject to rapid and wide fluctuations. While the
Company believes that its maintenance of large cash, cash equivalents and
short-term investment balances and other operating philosophies will be
sufficient to provide the Company with adequate liquidity through the next
year, there can be no assurance that market conditions will not be worse than
anticipated. Future working capital, discretionary capital expenditures,
environmentally mandated spending and acquisitions may require additional debt
or equity capital.
In March 1998, the Company announced that it had entered into a long-term
crude oil supply agreement with P.M.I. Comercio Internacional, S.A. de C.V.,
an affiliate of Petroleos Mexicanos, the Mexican state oil company. The terms
of the contract provide the Company with the foundation necessary to continue
developing a project to upgrade its Port Arthur, Texas refinery to process
primarily lower-cost, heavy sour crude oil. Under the agreement, the Company
expects to purchase in the range of 150,000 to 210,000 barrels per day of
heavy, sour Maya crude oil for use at the Port Arthur refinery. Clark would
continue to own 100% of the refinery, thereby retaining all of the upside to
improving refining margins. The supply contract would assist in stabilizing
earnings and cash flows from the project. The contract period would run for a
minimum of 8 years from the completion of the project which could be as early
as January 2001. The Port Arthur refinery has several important
characteristics that make it attractive for this type of arrangement. Its Gulf
Coast location provides excellent access to waterborne Mexican crude oil.
Additionally, the refinery already has much of the infrastructure and
28
processing capability necessary to support an upgraded operation. The project
is expected to cost $600-$700 million and include the construction of
additional coking and hydrocracking capability, and expanding crude unit
capacity to approximately 250,000 barrels per day. Upon completion, the Port
Arthur refinery would have the ability to process heavy, sour crude oil up to
an estimated 80% of its capacity. The implementation of the project is subject
to certain conditions, such as final determination of economic and technical
feasibility, arrangement of suitable financing and securing appropriate tax
abatements.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to
Part IV Item 14(a) 1 and 2. Financial Statements and Financial Statement
Schedules.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to
Part IV Item 14(a) 3. and Exhibit 16.1 and 16.2.
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The directors, executive officers, Controller, Treasurer and Secretary of
the Company and their respective ages and positions are set forth in the table
below. Each individual, except Mr. Chazen, serves in the same capacity with
Clark.
NAME AGE POSITION
---- --- --------
Paul D. Melnuk.............. 43 President and Chief Executive Officer; Chief
Operating Officer (Clark only); Director
Maura J. Clark.............. 39 Executive Vice President--Corporate Development
and Chief Financial Officer
Stephen I. Chazen........... 51 Director
Marshall A. Cohen........... 63 Director; Chairman of the Board
David I. Foley.............. 30 Director
David A. Stockman........... 51 Director
Dennis R. Eichholz.......... 44 Controller and Treasurer
Katherine D. Knocke......... 40 Secretary
The following persons, who are not executive officers or directors of the
Company, serve as executive officers of Clark:
Bradley D. Aldrich.......... 44 Executive Vice President--Refining
Brandon K. Barnholt......... 39 Executive Vice President--Marketing
The board of directors of the Company consists of six directors who serve
until the next annual meeting of stockholders or until a successor is duly
elected. There is currently one vacancy on the board of directors. Directors
do not receive any compensation for their services as such. Executive officers
of the Company serve at the discretion of the board of directors of the
Company.
Paul D. Melnuk has served as a director and as President of the Company
since September 1992, and as Vice President and Treasurer of the Company from
November 1988 through September 1992. Mr. Melnuk has served as a director of
Clark since October 1992, as President and Chief Executive Officer of Clark
since July 1992, as Chief Operating Officer of Clark since December 1991, as
President of Clark from February 1992 through July 1992, as Executive Vice
President of Clark from December 1991 through February 1992, and has
29
served in various other capacities since November 1988. Mr. Melnuk served as a
director of TrizecHahn from March 1992 through November 1996. Mr. Melnuk
served as President and Chief Operating Officer of TrizecHahn from March 1992
through April 1994, and as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer of TrizecHahn from May 1990 through February 1992. Mr. Melnuk has
resigned as an Executive Officer and Director of the Company and Clark
effective April 30, 1998. Mr. Melnuk currently serves on the board of
directors of Bracknell Corporation.
Maura J. Clark has served as Executive Vice President--Corporate Development
and Chief Financial Officer of the Company and Clark since August 1995. Ms.
Clark previously served as Vice President--Finance at North American Life
Assurance Company, a financial services company, from September 1993 through
July 1995. From May 1990 to September 1993, Ms. Clark served as Vice
President--Corporate Finance and Corporate Development of North American Trust
Company (formerly First City Trust Company), a subsidiary of North American
Life Assurance Company.
Stephen I. Chazen has been a director since December 1995. Mr. Chazen has
been Executive Vice President--Corporate Development of Occidental Petroleum
Corporation since May 1994. Prior to May 1994, Mr. Chazen served in various
capacities at Merrill Lynch & Co., most recently as Managing Director. Mr.
Chazen is serving as Oxy's nominee on the Company's Board of Directors.
Marshall A. Cohen has served as a director of the Company and Clark since
November 3, 1997 and was appointed Chairman of the Board of the Company and
Clark on January 27, 1998. Mr. Cohen has served as Counsel at Cassels, Brook &
Blackwell since October 1996. Mr. Cohen previously served as President and
Chief Executive Officer of The Molson Companies Limited from November 1988 to
September 1996. Mr. Cohen currently serves on the board of directors of
American International Group, Inc., Barrick Gold Corporation, Lafarge
Corporation, Goldfarb Corporation, Speedy Muffler King, Inc. and The Toronto
Dominion Bank.
David I. Foley has served as a director of the Company and Clark since
November 3, 1997. Mr. Foley is an Associate at The Blackstone Group L.P.,
which he joined in 1995. Prior to joining Blackstone, Mr. Foley was a member
of AEA Investors, Inc. and The Monitor Company. Mr. Foley currently serves on
the board of directors of Rose Hills Company and Prime Succession, Inc.
David A. Stockman has served as a director of the Company and Clark since
November 3, 1997. Mr. Stockman has been a member of the general partner of
Blackstone Group Holdings L.P. since 1988. Mr. Stockman is also a Co-Chairman
of the board of directors of Collins & Aikman Corporation and a director of
Haynes International, Inc. and Bar Technologies Inc.
Dennis R. Eichholz, who joined Clark in November 1988, has served as
Controller and Treasurer of the Company and Vice President--Controller and
Treasurer of Clark since February 1995. Mr. Eichholz has served as Vice
President-Treasurer of Clark since December 1991.
Katherine D. Knocke has served as Secretary of the Company and Clark since
April 1995. Ms. Knocke has served as in-house counsel of Clark since August
1994. Ms. Knocke previously was employed as an associate with the St. Louis
law firm of Armstrong, Teasdale, Schlafly & Davis from September 1989 through
August 1994.
Bradley D. Aldrich has served as Executive Vice President--Refining of
Clark, since December 1994. From August 1991 through November 1994, Mr.
Aldrich served as Vice President, Supply & Distribution for CF Industries,
Inc., a chemical fertilizer manufacturer and distributor. Mr. Aldrich
previously served as Manager, Light Oil Supply-North America of Conoco, Inc.
from August 1989 through July 1991.
Brandon K. Barnholt has served as Executive Vice President--Marketing of
Clark since February 1995, and served as Executive Vice President--Retail
Marketing of Clark from December 1993 through February 1995, as Vice
President--Retail Marketing of Clark from July 1992 through December 1993, and
as Managing Director--Retail Marketing of Clark from May 1992 through July
1992. Mr. Barnholt previously served as Retail Marketing Manager of Conoco,
Inc. from March 1991 through March 1992.
30
Except as described above, there are no arrangements or understandings
between any director or executive officer and any other person pursuant to
which such person was elected or appointed as a director or executive officer.
There are no family relationships between any director or executive officer
and any other director or executive officer.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The executive officers of Clark USA are not paid by Clark USA. The following
table sets forth all cash compensation paid by Clark to its Chief Executive
Officer and its other executive officers whose total annual compensation
exceeded $100,000 for each of the years in the three-year period ended
December 31, 1997.
ANNUAL COMPENSATION OTHER LONG-TERM
---------------------- ANNUAL COMPENSATION ALL OTHER
NAME AND PRINCIPAL POSITION YEAR SALARY BONUS COMPENSATION AWARDS/OPTION COMPENSATION(a)
--------------------------- ---- -------- -------- ------------ ------------- ---------------
Paul D. Melnuk.......... 1997 $407,036 $384,050 -- -- $3,321
President and 1996 325,000 130,000 -- -- 6,816
Chief Executive Officer 1995 326,836 75,000 -- 100,000(b) 5,479
Bradley D. Aldrich ..... 1997 252,611 219,600 -- -- 2,767
Executive Vice
President-- 1996 211,779 47,500 -- -- 6,849
Refining 1995 176,224 42,500 -- 130,000(b)(c) --
Brandon K. Barnholt..... 1997 253,003 154,600 -- -- 3,044
Executive Vice
President-- 1996 211,799 87,500 -- -- 6,802
Marketing 1995 176,276 75,000 -- 50,000(b) 5,329
Maura J. Clark (d)...... 1997 220,998 153,300 -- -- --
Executive Vice
President-- 1996 36,779 47,500 -- -- --
Corporate Development
and 1995 -- -- -- -- --
Chief Financial Officer
Edward J. Stiften (e)... 1997 159,616 81,350 -- -- --
Executive Vice
President-- 1996 -- -- -- -- --
Chief Administrative
Officer 1995 -- -- -- -- --
- --------
(a) Represents amount accrued for the account of such individuals under the
Clark Retirement Savings Plan (the "Savings Plan").
(b) Options issued pursuant to the Performance Plan as described below.
(c) Mr. Aldrich and Mr. Barnholt (granted in 1993) held options to acquire
TrizecHahn Subordinate Voting Shares ("TrizecHahn Shares") received as
compensation from TrizecHahn for services performed for Clark under the
TrizecHahn Amended and Restated 1987 Stock Option Plan (the "TrizecHahn
Option Plan"). These options were exercised in 1998.
(d) In 1995 and 1996, Ms. Clark was an employee of TrizecHahn and served Clark
under a management consulting arrangement. Ms. Clark earned approximately
$175,000 in 1996 and $117,000 in 1995 under such arrangement. As of
January 1, 1997, Ms. Clark became an employee of Clark. The 1996 amounts
reflected in this table are for 1996 compensation paid by Clark in 1997.
(e) Mr. Stiften resigned his position with Clark, effective March 3, 1998.
STOCK OPTIONS GRANTED DURING 1997
There were no options granted during 1997 to the named executive officers
under the Performance Plan (as defined) for services performed for Clark.
YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
The following table sets forth information with respect to the number and
value of unexercised options to purchase common stock of Clark USA and
TrizecHahn Shares held by the executive officers named in the executive
compensation table as of December 31, 1997.
31
NUMBER OF VALUE OF UNEXERCISED
SHARES ACQUIRED UNEXERCISED OPTIONS HELD IN-THE-MONEY OPTIONS HELD
ON EXERCISE VALUE AT DECEMBER 31, 1997 AT DECEMBER 31, 1997 (a)
DURING YEAR ENDED REALIZED ON ------------------------- -------------------------
NAME DECEMBER 31, 1997 EXERCISE EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE
---- ----------------- ----------- ----------- ------------- ----------- -------------
Paul D. Melnuk(b)....... -- $ -- -- 100,000 $ -- $ --
Bradley D. Aldrich...... -- -- 100,000 30,000 1,042,710 --
Brandon K. Barnholt..... -- -- 70,000 50,000 858,375 --
- --------
(a) For the TrizecHahn Shares the value is based upon the closing price on the
New York Stock Exchange-Composite Transactions on December 31, 1997. For
the common stock of Clark USA the value is based on the sale price in the
Blackstone Transaction.
(b) Mr. Melnuk also holds options to acquire TrizecHahn Shares received as
compensation for services provided to TrizecHahn.
SHORT-TERM PERFORMANCE PLAN
Employees of Clark participate in an annual incentive plan which places at
risk an incremental portion of their total compensation based on Company,
business unit and/or individual performance. The targeted at-risk compensation
increases with the ability of the individual to affect business performance,
ranging from 12% for support personnel to 200% for the Chief Executive
Officer. The other executive officers have the opportunity to earn an annual
incentive equal to 150% of the individual's base salary. The actual award is
determined based on financial performance with individual and executive team
performance evaluated against pre-established operating objectives designed to
achieve planned financial results. For essentially all other employees, annual
incentives are based on specific performance indicators utilized to operate
the business, principally productivity and profitability measures.
LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE PLAN
The Company has adopted a Long-Term Performance Plan (the "Performance
Plan"). Under the Performance Plan, designated employees, including executive
officers, of the Company and its subsidiaries and other related entities are
eligible to receive awards in the form of stock options, stock appreciation
rights and stock grants. The Performance Plan is intended to promote the
growth and performance of the Company by encouraging employees to acquire an
ownership interest in the Company and to provide incentives for employee
performance. An aggregate of 1,250,000 shares of Common Stock may be awarded
under the Performance Plan, either from authorized, unissued shares which have
been reserved for such purpose or from shares purchased on the open market,
subject to adjustment in the event of a stock split, stock dividend,
recapitalization or similar change in the outstanding common stock of the
Company. As of December 31, 1997, 531,500 stock options were outstanding under
the Performance Plan.
The Performance Plan is administered by the board of directors' Compensation
Committee. Subject to the provisions of the Performance Plan, the Compensation
Committee is authorized to determine who may participate in the Performance
Plan and the number and types of awards made to each participant, and the
terms, conditions and limitations applicable to each award. Awards may be
granted singularly, in combination or in tandem. Subject to certain
limitations, the board of directors is authorized to amend, modify or
terminate the Performance Plan to meet any changes in legal requirements or
for any other purpose permitted by law.
Payment of awards may be made in the form of cash, stock or combinations
thereof and may include such restrictions as the Compensation Committee shall
determine, including, in the case of stock, restrictions on transfer and
forfeiture provisions. The price at which shares of Common Stock may be
purchased under a stock option may not be less than the fair market value of
such shares on the date of grant. If permitted by the Compensation Committee,
such price may be paid by means of tendering Common Stock, or surrendering
another award, including restricted stock, valued at fair market value on the
date of exercise, or any combination thereof. Further, with Compensation
Committee approval, payments may be deferred, either in the form of
installments or as a future lump sum payment. Dividends or dividend equivalent
rights may be extended to and
32
made part of any award denominated in stock, subject to such terms, conditions
and restrictions as the Compensation Committee may establish. At the
discretion of the Compensation Committee, a participant may be offered an
election to substitute an award for another award or awards of the same or
different type. Stock options initially have a 10-year term with a three-year
vesting schedule and are not exercisable until the Company's Common Stock is
publicly traded.
If the employment of a participant terminates, subject to certain exceptions
for retirement, resignation, death or disability, all unexercised, deferred
and unpaid awards will be canceled immediately, unless the award agreement
provides otherwise. Subject to certain exceptions for death or disability, or
employment by a governmental, charitable or educational institution, no award
or other benefit under the Performance Plan is assignable or transferable, or
payable to or exercisable by anyone other than the participant to whom it was
granted.
In the event of a "Change of Control" of the Company or TrizecHahn (as
defined in the Performance Plan), with respect to awards held by Performance
Plan participants who have been employed by the Company for at least six
months, (a) all stock appreciation rights which have not been granted in
tandem with stock options will become exercisable in full, (b) the
restrictions applicable to all shares of restricted stock will lapse and such
shares will be deemed fully vested, (c) all stock awards will be deemed to be
earned in full, and (d) any participant who has been granted a stock option
which is not exercisable in full will be entitled, in lieu of the exercise of
such stock options, to obtain cash payment in an amount equal to the
difference between the option price of such stock option and the offer price
(in the case of a tender offer or exchange offer) or the value of common stock
covered by such stock option, determined as provided in the Performance Plan.
Under the Performance Plan, a "Change in Control" includes, without
limitation, with respect to the Company or TrizecHahn, (i) the acquisition
(other than by TrizecHahn) of beneficial ownership of 25% or more of the
voting power of its outstanding securities without the prior approval of at
least two-thirds of its directors then in office, (ii) a merger,
consolidation, proxy contest, sale of assets or reorganization which results
in directors previously in office constituting less than a majority of its
directors thereafter, or (iii) any change of at least a majority of its
directors during any period of two years. The Blackstone Transaction triggered
the Change of Control provision under the Performance Plan. The Company does
not expect that the Change of Control will have a material impact on the
Performance Plan.
Blackstone intends to put in place a management incentive program designed
to increase management's ownership of the Company's stock through direct
purchases and options tied to the financial performance of the Company.
CLARK SAVINGS PLAN
The Clark Savings Plan, which became effective in 1989, permits employees to
make before-tax and after-tax contributions and provides for employer
incentive matching contributions. Under the Savings Plan, each employee of
Clark (and such other related companies as may adopt the Savings Plan) who has
completed at least six months of service may become a participant.
Participants are permitted to make before-tax contributions to the Savings
Plan, effected through payroll deduction, of from 1% to 15% of their
compensation. Clark makes matching contributions equal to 200% of a
participant's before-tax contributions up to 3% of compensation. Participants
are also permitted to make after-tax contributions through payroll deduction,
of from 1% to 5% of compensation, which are not matched by employer
contributions; provided that before-tax contributions and after-tax
contributions, in the aggregate, may not exceed the lesser of 15% of
compensation or $10,000 in 1998. All employer contributions are vested at a
rate of 20% per year of service, becoming fully vested after five years of
service. Amounts in employees' accounts may be invested in a variety of
permitted investments, as directed by the employee, including TrizecHahn
Shares. Participants' vested accounts are distributable upon a participant's
disability, death, retirement or separation from service. Subject to certain
restrictions, employees may make loans or withdrawals of employee
contributions during the term of their employment.
33
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION
Compensation of Clark's executive officers has historically been determined
by Clark's board of directors. Mr. Melnuk, the Company's and Clark's President
and Chief Executive Officer, is a member of the Company's and Clark's board of
directors. Other than reimbursement of their expenses, neither the Company's
nor Clark's directors receive any compensation for their services as
directors. There are no interlocks between the Company and other entities
involving the Company's executive officers and board members who serve as
executive officers or board members of other entities, except with respect to
the Company's principal shareholders, Blackstone and Oxy.
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS
Clark entered into employment agreements with four of its senior executives
(the "Executive Employment Agreements"). The Executive Employment Agreements
have five-year terms, and provide for automatic extension on an annual basis
unless 90 days' notice of cancellation is given by either party. The Executive
Employment Agreements provide that if a Change of Control occurs within two
years prior to the scheduled expiration date, then the expiration date will be
automatically extended until the second anniversary of the Change of Control
date. The Blackstone Transaction constituted a Change of Control under the
Executive Employment Agreements.
During the term of the Executive Employment Agreements, the employee is
precluded from soliciting or encouraging proposals regarding the acquisition
of Clark USA or its subsidiaries (or of another material part of the business
of Clark USA), absent explicit approval of the Chief Executive Officer of
Clark.
The Executive Employment Agreements provide separation benefits to the
employee if the employee's employment is terminated by Clark without "Cause"
prior to the expiration date of the agreement. "Cause" is defined to include
the employee's failure to substantially perform his or her duties, wilful
misconduct that materially injures Clark USA or its affiliates, or conviction
of a criminal offense involving dishonesty or moral turpitude. The Executive
Employment Agreements also provide that if the employee resigns for "Good
Reason" prior to the expiration date of the agreement, the employee will
receive separation benefits. "Good Reason" is defined to include certain
demotions, reductions in compensation, and relocation.
The separation benefits payable under the Executive Employment Agreements
generally include a lump sum payment of three times annual salary and bonus,
acceleration of stock option exercisability, continuation of Clark's life,
medical, accident and disability arrangements for one year after termination
of employment (subject to the employee's continuing to pay the employee share
of the premiums), payment of the cost of job relocation counseling, and
payment of legal fees in connection with termination.
The Executive Employment Agreements also provide for gross-up payments to be
made to the employee to cover certain penalty taxes in connection with a
Change of Control.
As a condition of receiving the separation benefits under the Executive
Employment Agreements, an employee is required to maintain the confidentiality
of information relating to Clark USA and its affiliates and to release Clark
USA and its affiliates from certain claims.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table and the accompanying notes set forth certain information
concerning the beneficial ownership of the Common Stock and Class F Common
Stock of the Company, as of the date hereof: (i) each person who is known by
the Company to own beneficially more than 5% of the common stock of the
Company, (ii) each director and each executive officer who is the beneficial
owner of shares of common stock of Clark USA, and (iii) all directors and
executive officers as a group.
34
NUMBER OF PERCENT OF TOTAL
NAME AND ADDRESS TITLE OF CLASS SHARES PERCENT OF CLASS VOTING POWER(a)
---------------- -------------- ---------- ---------------- ----------------
Blackstone Management
Associates III L.L.C.
(b).................... Common 13,500,000 98.2% 78.6%
345 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10154
Paul D. Melnuk.......... Common 37,509 (c) (c)
Occidental Petroleum
Corporation............ Class F 6,101,010 100.0 19.9
10889 Wilshire Common
Boulevard
Los Angeles, California
90024.................
All directors and execu-
tive officers as a
group (b).............. Common 13,537,509 98.4 78.8
- --------
(a) Represents the total voting power of all shares of common stock
beneficially owned by the named stockholder.
(b) The 13,500,000 shares held by Blackstone are directly held as follows:
10,771,005.354 shares by Blackstone, 1,918,994.646 shares by Blackstone
Offshore Capital Partners III L.P. and 810,000 shares by Blackstone Family
Investment Partnership III L.P., of each of which Blackstone Management
Associates III L.L.C. is the general partner having voting and dispositive
power.
(c) Less than 1%.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
TrizecHahn and the Company had certain agreements which provided certain
management services to each other from time to time. The Company established
trade credit with various suppliers of its petroleum requirements, requiring
the guarantee of TrizecHahn. Fees related to trade credit guarantees totaled
$0.2 million and $0.2 million in 1995 and 1996, respectively. All trade credit
guarantees were terminated in August 1996.
The business relationships described above between the Company and
TrizecHahn were on terms no less favorable in any respect than those which
could have been obtained through dealings with third parties.
In connection with the Blackstone Transaction, affiliates of Blackstone
received fees of $7.0 million, and the Company reimbursed Blackstone for $1.7
million of out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the Blackstone
Transaction and the Debt Offering. In addition, the Company is negotiating a
monitoring agreement with an affiliate of Blackstone under which Blackstone
would receive a monitoring fee equal to $2.0 million per annum. Affiliates of
Blackstone may in the future receive customary fees for advisory services
rendered to the Company. Such fees will be negotiated from time to time with
the independent members of the Company's board of directors on an arm's-length
basis and will be based on the services performed and the prevailing fees then
charged by third parties for comparable services.
In connection with the Tiger Transaction, the shares of common stock of the
Company owned by Oxy were exchanged for an equal number of shares of Class F
Common Stock having voting rights limited as a class to the lesser of (a) the
aggregate voting power of such shares on a one-vote-per-share basis and (b)
19.9% of the total voting power of all classes of the Company's voting stock.
The Class F Common Stock is convertible at any time to Common Stock of the
Company, on a one-for-one basis, at the option of any holder other than Oxy
and its affiliates. The Company also issued to Oxy an additional 545,455
shares of Class F Common Stock in full satisfaction of the Company's
obligation to issue shares under its then existing Stockholders' Agreement
with Oxy.
In early 1998, the Company engaged Oxy to provide certain advisory and
consulting services in connection with ongoing crude oil supplier decisions
and related purchase and hedging strategies. In consideration for these
services, the Company issued and delivered to Oxy an additional 101,010 shares
of its Class F Common Stock.
35
In March 1998, the Company settled certain obligations outstanding between
the Company and Gulf arising out of the December 1995 advance crude oil
purchase receivable transactions. The Company paid Gulf $4 million, released
213,654 escrowed shares of Common Stock to Gulf, and released Gulf from its
obligation to deliver certain amounts of crude oil through 2001. In exchange,
Gulf agreed to release the Company from obligations to pay further commisions
related to the Oxy Transaction and agreed to allow the Company to cancel
1,008,619 shares of its Common Stock. See Note 15 "Oxy/Gulf Transactions" to
the Consolidated Financial Statements.
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) 1. and 2. Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
The financial statements and schedule filed as a part of this Report on Form
10-K are listed in the accompanying index to financial statements and
schedule.
3. EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------- -----------
3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Clark USA, Inc. (Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed with Clark R & M Holdings
Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 33-59144))
3.2 Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation (Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 3.3 filed with Clark USA, Inc. Registration
Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 33-81005))
3.3 Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of Clark USA,
Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 filed with Clark USA,
Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-4
(Registration No. 333-42457)
3.4 Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of Clark USA,
Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 filed with Clark USA,
Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-4
(Registration No. 333-42457)
3.5 Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of Clark USA,
Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 filed with Clark USA,
Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-42457)
3.6 By-laws of Clark USA, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2
filed with Clark USA, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K, dated February
27, 1995 (Registration No. 33-59144))
4.1 Certificate of Designations of the Powers, Preferences and Relative,
Participating, Optional and Other Special Rights of 11 1/2% Senior
Cumulative Exchangeable Preferred Stock and Qualifications,
Limitations and Restrictions thereof (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 filed with Clark USA, Inc. Registration Statement on Form
S-4 (Registration No. 333-42457)
4.2 Indenture, dated as of October 1, 1997, between Clark USA, Inc. and
Bankers Trust Company, as Trustee, including form of 11 1/2%
Subordinated Exchange Debentures due 2009 (Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 4.2 filed with Clark USA, Inc. Registration Statement on
Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-42457)
4.3 Indenture, dated as of December 1, 1995, between Clark USA, Inc. and
The Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A., as Trustee, including the form of 10
7/8% Series B, Senior Notes due December 1, 2005 (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with Clark USA, Inc. Form 8-K, dated
December 1, 1995 (File No. 33-59144))
10.10 Credit Agreement dated as of September 25, 1997 among Clark Refining &
Marketing, Inc., Bankers Trust Company, as Administrative Agent, The
Toronto-Dominion Bank, as Syndication Agent, BankBoston, N.A., as
Documentation Agent, and the other financial institutions party
thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Clark
Refining & Marketing, Inc., Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October
1, 1997 (File No. 33-59144))
36
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------- -----------
10.11 Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement, dated as of October 29, 1997,
among Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc., Bankers Trust Company, as
Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, The Toronto-Dominion Bank,
as Syndication Agent, BankBoston, N.A., as Documentation Agent, and
the other financial institutions party thereto (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.11 filed with Clark Refining & Marketing,
Inc., Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-42431))
10.12 Amendment No. 2 to Credit Agreement, dated as of November 7, 1997,
among Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc., Bankers Trust Company, as
Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, The Toronto-Dominion Bank,
as Syndication Agent, and BankBoston, N.A., as Documentation Agent,
and the other financial institutions party thereto (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.12 filed with Clark Refining & Marketing,
Inc., Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-42431))
10.13 Credit Agreement, dated as of November 21, 1997, among Clark Refining
& Marketing, Inc., Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P., as Arranger and
Syndication Agent, State Street Bank and Trust Company of Missouri,
N.A., as Payment Agent, the financial institutions listed on the
signature pages thereof, as Lenders, and Goldman Sachs Credit
Partners, as Administrative Agent (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.13 filed with Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.,
Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-42431))
10.24 Seconded Amended and Restated Stockholders' Agreement, dated as
November 3, 1997, between Clark USA, Inc. and Occidental C.O.B.
Partners (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 filed with Clark
USA, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-
42457)
10.25 Termination Agreement, dated as of October 1, 1997, among TrizecHahn
Corporation, Ontario Limited, Clark USA, Inc., Tiger Management
Corporation and Paul D. Melnuk (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.40 filed with Clark USA, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-4
(Registration No. 333-42457)
10.30 Indenture between Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. (formerly Clark Oil
& Refining Corporation) and NationsBank of Virginia, N.A. including
the form of 9 1/2% Senior Notes due 2004 (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 filed with Clark Oil & Refining Corporation Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-50748))
10.31 Supplemental Indenture between Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. and
NationsBank of Virginia, N.A., dated February 17, 1995 (Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.6 filed with Clark USA, Inc. Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (File No. 33-59144))
10.32 Indenture between Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. and Bankers Trust
Company, dated as of November 21, 1997 including the form of 8 3/8%
Senior Notes due 2007 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 filed
by Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc., Registration Statement on Form S-
4 (File No. 333-42431))
10.33 Indenture between Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. and Marine Midland
Bank, dated as of November 21, 1997 including the form of 8 7/8%
Senior Subordinated Notes due 2007 (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.6 filed by Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc., Registration
Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-42431))
10.34 Supplemental Indenture between Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. and
Marine Midland Bank, dated November 21, 1997 (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.61 filed by Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.,
Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-42431))
10.35* Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. Stock Option Plan (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.5 filed with Clark USA, Inc. Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-43358))
10.36* Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. Savings Plan, as amended and restated
effective as of October 1, 1989 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.6 filed with Clark Oil & Refining Corporation Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 1989 (File No. 1-11392))
37
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------- -----------
10.40 Employment Agreement of Paul D. Melnuk (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.2 filed with Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. Current
Report on Form 8-K, dated October 1, 1997 (File No. 33-59144))
10.41 Employment Agreement of Bradley D. Aldrich (Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.23 filed by Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.
Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-42431))
10.42 Employment Agreement of Brandon K. Barnholt (Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.24 filed by Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.
Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-42431))
10.43 Employment Agreement of Maura J. Clark (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.25 filed by Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. Registration
Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-42431))
10.50 Amended and Restated Asset Sale Agreement, dated as of August 16,
1994, between Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with Clark USA, Inc.
Current Report on Form 8-K, dated February 27, 1995 (Registration No.
33-59144))
10.51 Chemical Facility Lease with Option to Purchase, dated as of August
16, 1994, between Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and Clark Refining & Marketing,
Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9.2 filed with Clark
USA, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-
84192))
10.52 Sublease of Chemical Facility Lease, dated as of August 16, 1994,
between Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9.3 filed with Clark USA,
Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-84192))
10.53 PADC Facility Lease with Option to Purchase, dated as of August 16,
1994, between Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9.4 filed with Clark USA,
Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-84192))
10.54 Supply Agreement for the Chemical Facility, dated as of August 16,
1994, between Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9.5 filed with Clark USA,
Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-84192))
10.55 Services Agreement for the Chemical Facility, dated as of August 16,
1994, between Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9.6 filed with Clark USA,
Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-84192))
10.56 Supply Agreement for the PADC Facility, dated as of August 16, 1994,
between Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9.7 filed with Clark USA,
Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-84192))
10.57 Services Agreement for the PADC Facility, dated as of August 16, 1994,
between Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9.8 filed with Clark USA,
Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-84192))
10.60 Stock Purchase and Redemption Agreement, dated as of December 30,
1992, among AOC Limited Partnership, P. Anthony Novelly, Samuel R.
Goldstein, G & N Investments, Inc., TrizecHahn Corporation, AOC
Holdings, Inc. and Clark Oil & Refining Corporation (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.11 filed with Clark R & M Holdings, Inc.
Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 33-59144))
16.1 Letter from Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. dated April 15, 1997
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.1 filed with Clark USA, Inc.
Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 7, 1997 (File No. 1-13514))
16.2 Letter from Price Waterhouse LLP dated December 3, 1997 (Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 16.1 filed with Clark USA, Inc. Current Report
on Form 8-K dated November 21, 1997 (File No. 1-13514))
38
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------- -----------
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1
filed with Clark USA, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-4
(Registration No. 333-42457))
27.1 Financial Data Schedule, fiscal year-end 1997
27.2 Restated Financial Data Schedule, 1996
27.3 Restated Financial Data Schedule, qtrs 1, 2 and 3 of 1997
- --------
* Employee Benefit Plan
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
November 21, 1997--The Company announces the issuance of new notes and
retirement of old notes. The Company announces a change in Certifying
Accountant.
39
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES
PAGE
----
Clark USA, Inc. and Subsidiaries:
Annual Financial Statements
Reports of Independent Accountants...................................... 41
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1996 and 1997............ 43
Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years ended December 31,
1995, 1996 and 1997.................................................... 44
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31,
1995, 1996 and 1997.................................................... 45
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended De-
cember 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997......................................... 46
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.............................. 47
Financial Statement Schedule
Reports of Independent Accountants...................................... 60
Schedule I--Condensed Information of the Registrant..................... 62
40
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Clark USA, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Clark USA,
Inc. and Subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 1997 and the related
consolidated statement of earnings, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for
the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the
Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, such 1997 consolidated financial statements present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December
31, 1997, and the results of their operations and its cash flows for the year
then ended in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
Deloitte & Touche LLP
St. Louis, Missouri
February 6, 1998
41
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors of
Clark USA, Inc:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Clark USA,
Inc. and Subsidiaries (a Delaware corporation), as of December 31, 1996 and
the consolidated statements of earnings, stockholders' equity and cash flows
for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1996. These financial statements are
the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Clark USA,
Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1996 and the consolidated results of
their operations and their cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1995
and 1996 in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
St. Louis, Missouri
February 4, 1997
42
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
REFERENCE DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31,
NOTE 1996 1997
--------- ------------ ------------
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents................ 2 $ 339.9 $ 236.1
Short-term investments................... 2, 3 14.9 14.9
Accounts receivable...................... 2 171.7 93.8
Inventories.............................. 2, 4 277.1 261.5
Prepaid expenses and other............... 17.4 21.1
-------- --------
Total current assets................... 821.0 627.4
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT.............. 2, 5 557.3 578.0
OTHER ASSETS............................... 2, 6 54.5 70.2
-------- --------
$1,432.8 $1,275.6
======== ========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable......................... 7 $ 294.7 $ 219.1
Accrued expenses and other............... 8, 9 49.7 72.9
Accrued taxes other than income.......... 46.5 52.1
-------- --------
Total current liabilities.............. 390.9 344.1
LONG-TERM DEBT............................. 8, 9 781.4 765.9
OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES................ 11 46.1 62.4
CONTINGENCIES.............................. 17 -- --
EXCHANGEABLE PREFERRED STOCK
($.01 par value per share; 5,000,000
shares authorized; 63,000 shares
issued)................................. 13 -- 64.8
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Common stock
Common, $.01 par value, 14,759,782
issued................................. 13, 14 0.2 0.1
Class A Common.......................... 13 0.1 --
Class F Common, $.01 par value,
6,000,000 issued....................... 13, 15 -- 0.1
Paid-in capital.......................... 13, 15 296.1 230.0
Advance crude oil purchase receivable
from stockholder........................ 2,15 (26.5) (26.5)
Retained earnings (deficit).............. 3 (55.5) (165.3)
-------- --------
Total stockholders' equity............. 214.4 38.4
-------- --------
$1,432.8 $1,275.6
======== ========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
43
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
REFERENCE ----------------------------------
NOTE 1995 1996 1997
--------- ---------- ---------- ----------
NET SALES AND OPERATING
REVENUES........................ $ 4,486.8 $ 5,073.1 $ 4,336.8
EXPENSES:
Cost of sales.................. (4,015.2) (4,557.0) (3,703.4)
Operating expenses............. (375.6) (420.0) (433.9)
General and administrative
expenses...................... (52.3) (59.4) (66.9)
Depreciation................... 2 (31.5) (37.4) (40.8)
Amortization................... 2, 6 (12.0) (11.1) (20.5)
Inventory write-down to
market........................ 4 -- -- (19.2)
Recapitalization, asset write-
offs and other charges........ 14 -- -- (51.8)
---------- ---------- ----------
(4,486.6) (5,084.9) (4,336.5)
---------- ---------- ----------
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS).......... 0.2 (11.8) 0.3
Interest and finance costs,
net........................... 8 (59.2) (47.5) (80.1)
---------- ---------- ----------
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND
EXTRAORDINARY ITEM.............. (59.0) (59.3) (79.8)
Income tax (provision)
benefit....................... 2, 12 21.9 3.1 (7.6)
---------- ---------- ----------
LOSS BEFORE EXTRAORDINARY ITEM... (37.1) (56.2) (87.4)
Extinguishment of debt......... 8 -- -- (20.7)
---------- ---------- ----------
NET LOSS......................... (37.1) (56.2) (108.1)
Preferred stock dividends...... 13 -- -- (1.8)
---------- ---------- ----------
NET LOSS AVAILABLE TO COMMON
STOCK........................... $ (37.1) $ (56.2) $ (109.9)
========== ========== ==========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
44
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
---------- ---------- -----------
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss.................................. $ (37.1) $ (56.2) $ (108.1)
Extraordinary item........................ -- -- 20.7
Adjustments:
Depreciation............................. 31.5 37.4 40.8
Amortization............................. 18.6 21.5 30.7
Accretion of Zero Coupon Notes........... 17.1 19.2 18.9
Share of earnings of affiliates, net of
dividends............................... (1.4) (0.1) (1.3)
Deferred income taxes.................... (22.5) (7.7) --
Inventory write-down to market........... -- -- 19.2
Recapitalization, asset write-offs and
other charges........................... -- -- 33.5
Sale of advanced crude oil purchase
receivable.............................. -- (10.9) --
Other.................................... 1.4 1.0 3.2
Cash provided by (reinvested in) working
capital--
Accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and
other................................... (109.1) 12.5 73.5
Inventories.............................. (139.0) 13.3 (3.1)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, taxes
other than income and other............. 159.0 (7.6) (51.1)
---------- ---------- -----------
Net cash provided by (used in)
operating activities.................. (81.5) 22.4 76.9
---------- ---------- -----------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of short-term investments...... (41.5) -- (3.0)
Sales and maturities of short-term
investments............................. 25.9 31.1 3.0
Expenditures for property, plant and
equipment............................... (42.2) (45.0) (83.7)
Expenditures for turnaround.............. (6.5) (13.9) (47.4)
Refinery acquisition expenditures........ (71.8) -- --
Proceeds from disposals of property,
plant and equipment..................... 1.9 4.4 5.5
Advance crude oil purchase receivable.... (105.9) 241.9 --
---------- ---------- -----------
Net cash provided by (used in)
investing activities.................. (240.1) 218.5 (125.6)
---------- ---------- -----------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Long-term debt payments.................. (1.6) (2.9) (441.0)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term
debt.................................... 175.0 -- 398.0
Proceeds from capital lease
transactions............................ 24.3 -- --
Proceeds from sale of common stock....... 135.5 -- --
Stock issuance costs..................... (1.5) -- (2.3)
Deferred financing costs................. (32.8) (1.8) (9.8)
---------- ---------- -----------
Net cash provided by (used in)
financing activities.................. 298.9 (4.7) (55.1)
---------- ---------- -----------
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH
EQUIVALENTS............................... (22.7) 236.2 (103.8)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of
period.................................... 126.4 103.7 339.9
---------- ---------- -----------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period... $ 103.7 $ 339.9 $ 236.1
========== ========== ===========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
45
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
------------------ ------------------ -------------------
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
COMMON STOCK
Common, $.01 par,
Authorized shares--
54,164,597
Balance January 1...... -- $ -- 19,051,818 $ 0.2 19,051,818 $ 0.2
Stock issuance......... 16,329,545 0.2 -- -- -- --
Converted shares....... 2,722,273 -- -- -- (4,292,036) (0.1)
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Balance December 31.... 19,051,818 0.2 19,051,818 0.2 14,759,782 0.1
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Class A Common
Balance January 1...... -- -- 9,033,333 0.1 10,162,509 0.1
Stock issuance......... 9,033,333 0.1 2,088 -- -- --
Converted shares....... -- -- 1,127,088 -- (10,162,509) (0.1)
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Balance December 31.... 9,033,333 0.1 10,162,509 0.1 -- --
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Class B Common
Balance January 1...... -- -- 562,500 -- -- --
Stock issuance......... 562,500 -- -- -- -- --
Converted shares....... -- -- (562,500) -- -- --
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Balance December 31.... 562,500 -- -- -- -- --
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Class C Common
Balance January 1...... -- -- 564,588 -- -- --
Stock issuance......... 564,588 -- -- -- -- --
Converted shares....... -- -- (564,588) -- --
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Balance December 31.... 564,588 -- -- -- -- --
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Class D Common, $.01
par, Authorized
shares--3,389,955
Balance January 1...... -- -- -- -- -- --
Stock issuance......... 2,722,273 -- -- -- -- --
Converted shares....... (2,722,273) -- -- -- -- --
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Balance December 31.... -- -- -- -- -- --
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Class E Common
Balance January 1...... -- -- -- -- -- --
Stock issuance......... -- -- -- -- -- --
Converted shares....... -- -- -- -- 9,000,000 0.1
Canceled............... -- -- -- -- (9,000,000) (0.1)
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Balance December 31.... -- -- -- -- -- --
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Class F Common, $.01
par, Authorized
shares--7,000,000
Balance January 1...... -- -- -- -- -- --
Stock issuance......... -- -- -- -- 545,455 --
Converted shares....... -- -- -- -- 5,454,545 0.1
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Balance December 31.... -- -- -- -- 6,000,000 0.1
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
PAID-IN CAPITAL
Balance January 1...... -- 19.5 -- 300.1 -- 296.1
Stock issuance......... -- 280.6 -- (4.0) -- (3.2)
Redemption of common
stock................. -- -- -- -- -- (62.9)
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Balance December 31.... -- 300.1 -- 296.1 -- 230.0
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
ADVANCE CRUDE OIL
PURCHASE RECEIVABLE
FROM STOCKHOLDER
Balance January 1...... -- -- -- (146.9) -- (26.5)
Advance crude oil
purchase receivable
from stockholder...... -- (146.9) -- 120.4 -- --
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Balance December 31.... -- (146.9) -- (26.5) -- (26.5)
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
RETAINED EARNINGS
Balance January 1...... -- 36.7 -- 0.7 -- (55.5)
Net loss............... -- (37.1) -- (56.2) -- (109.9)
Change in unrealized
short-term investment
gains and losses...... -- 1.1 -- -- -- 0.1
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
Balance December 31.... -- 0.7 -- (55.5) -- (165.3)
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------- ------
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS'
EQUITY................. 29,212,239 $154.2 29,214,327 $214.4 20,759,782 $ 38.4
========== ====== ========== ====== =========== ======
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
46
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995, 1996 AND 1997
(TABULAR DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN MILLIONS OF US DOLLARS)
1. GENERAL
Clark USA, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Clark USA" or "the Company"), is a
holding company. The principal subsidiaries of Clark USA are Clark Refining &
Marketing, Inc. ("Clark"), Clark Pipe Line Company and OTG, Inc., all Delaware
corporations. Clark's principal operations include crude oil refining,
wholesale and retail marketing of refined petroleum products and retail
marketing of convenience store items in the Central United States.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company's earnings and cash flow from operations are primarily dependent
upon processing crude oil and selling quantities of refined petroleum products
at margins sufficient to cover operating expenses. Crude oil and refined
petroleum products are commodities, and factors largely out of the Company's
control can cause prices to vary, in a wide range, over a short period of
time. This potential margin volatility can have a material effect on financial
position, current period earnings and cash flow.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Cash and Cash Equivalents; Short-term Investments
The Company considers all highly liquid investments, such as time deposits,
money market instruments, commercial paper and United States and foreign
government securities, purchased with an original maturity of three months or
less, to be cash equivalents. Short-term investments consist of similar
investments, as well as United States government security funds, maturing more
than three months from date of purchase and are carried at fair value (see
Note 3 "Short-term Investments"). The Company invests only in AA rated or
better fixed income marketable securities or the short-term rated equivalent.
The Company classifies checks issued which have not yet cleared the bank
account as accounts payable. Such balances included in "Accounts payable" were
$17.1 million and $12.9 million as of December 31, 1997 and 1996,
respectively.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration
of credit risk consist primarily of trade receivables. Credit risk on trade
receivables is minimized as a result of the credit quality of the Company's
customer base and industry collateralization practices. As of December 31,
1997, the Company had $20.6 million (1996--$36.4 million) due from Chevron USA
Products Co. ("Chevron"). Sales to Chevron in 1997 totaled $455.7 million
(1996--$455.8 million; 1995--448.8 million).
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, predominantly using the last-
in, first-out "LIFO" method, or market on an aggregate basis. During the year
ended December 31, 1997, total petroleum inventory quantities were reduced,
resulting in a LIFO liquidation, the effect of which increased pretax earnings
by $0.3 million (1996--$2.4 million). There was no such effect in the year
ended December 31, 1995.
47
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
To limit risk related to price fluctuations, Clark sometimes employs risk
strategies using crude oil and refined products futures and options contracts
to manage potentially volatile market movements on aggregate physical and
contracted inventory positions. As of December 31, 1997, Clark's open
contracts represented 2.3 million barrels of crude oil and refined products,
and had terms extending into July 1998. As of December 31, 1996, Clark's open
contracts represented 0.7 million barrels of crude oil and refined products,
and had terms extending into February 1997.
The Company considers all futures and options contracts to be part of its
risk management strategy. Unrealized gains and losses on open contracts are
recognized as a product cost component unless the contract can be identified
as a price risk hedge of specific inventory positions or open commitments, in
which case the unrealized gain or loss is deferred and recognized as an
adjustment to the carrying amount of petroleum inventories or accounts payable
if related to open commitments. Deferred gains and losses on these contracts
are recognized as an adjustment to product cost when such inventories are sold
or consumed. As of December 31, 1997, the Company had net unrealized losses on
open futures and options contracts of $1.9 million (1996--net unrealized gains
of $1.2 million) all of which have been recognized in operations.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment additions are recorded at cost. Depreciation
of property, plant and equipment is computed using the straight-line method
over the estimated useful lives of the assets or group of assets. The cost of
buildings and marketing facilities on leased land and leasehold improvements
are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated
useful life or the lease term. The Company capitalizes the interest cost
associated with major construction projects based on the effective interest
rate on aggregate borrowings.
Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed. Major replacements
and additions are capitalized. Gains and losses on assets depreciated on an
individual basis are included in current income. Upon disposal of assets
depreciated on a group basis, unless unusual in nature or amount, residual
cost less salvage is charged against accumulated depreciation.
Environmental Costs
Environmental expenditures are expensed or capitalized depending upon their
future economic benefit. Costs which improve a property as compared with the
condition of the property when originally constructed or acquired and costs
which prevent future environmental contamination are capitalized. Costs which
return a property to its condition at the time of acquisition or original
construction are expensed.
Deferred Turnaround and Financing Costs
A turnaround is a periodically required standard procedure for maintenance
of a refinery that involves the shutdown and inspection of major processing
units and generally occurs approximately every two to three years. Turnaround
costs, which are included in "Other assets," are amortized over the period to
the next scheduled turnaround, beginning the month following completion.
Financing costs related to obtaining or refinancing of debt are deferred and
amortized over the expected life of the debt.
Advance Crude Oil Purchase Receivable
The Company had an advance crude oil purchase receivable from Gulf Resources
Corporation ("Gulf") and had an advance crude oil purchase receivable from
affiliates of Occidental Petroleum Corporation ("Oxy")
48
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
prior to its sale on October 4, 1996 (see Note 15 "Oxy/Gulf Transactions").
These advance crude oil purchase receivables were accounted for as financial
instruments and were recorded at cost. To the extent the advance crude oil
purchase receivables were acquired by the issuance of stock, they were
presented as a reduction to Stockholders' Equity. The proceeds from the
issuance of stock were recognized as the principal portion of the receivable
was amortized. Income and the reduction of principal related to the notes were
recognized according to the interest method of amortization with gross
proceeds allocated between principal recovery and financing income.
Income Taxes
Clark USA and its subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax
return. The Company provides for deferred taxes under the asset and liability
method. Deferred taxes are classified as current, included in prepaid or
accrued expenses, or noncurrent depending on the classification of the assets
and liabilities to which the temporary differences relate. Deferred taxes
arising from temporary differences that are not related to a specific asset or
liability are classified as current or noncurrent depending on the periods in
which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company records a
valuation allowance when necessary to reduce the net deferred tax asset to an
amount expected to be realized.
Employee Benefit Plans
The Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc. Retirement Savings Plan and separate
Trust (the "Plan"), a defined contribution plan, covers substantially all
employees of Clark. Under terms of the Plan, Clark matches the amount of
employee contributions, subject to specified limits. Contributions to the Plan
during 1997 were $6.5 million (1996--$6.4 million; 1995--$5.5 million).
Clark provides certain benefits for most retirees once they have reached a
specified age and specified years of service. These benefits include health
insurance in excess of social security and an employee paid deductible amount,
and life insurance equal to the employee's last annual salary.
3. SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
The Company's short-term investments are all considered Available-for-Sale
and are carried at fair value with the resulting unrealized gain or loss (net
of applicable taxes) shown as a component of retained earnings.
Short-term investments consisted of the following:
1996 1997
-------------------------------- --------------------------------
AMORTIZED UNREALIZED AGGREGATE AMORTIZED UNREALIZED AGGREGATE
MAJOR SECURITY TYPE COST GAIN/(LOSS) FAIR VALUE COST GAIN/(LOSS) FAIR VALUE
------------------- --------- ----------- ---------- --------- ----------- ----------
U.S. Debt Securities.... $15.0 $(0.1) $14.9 $14.9 $-- $14.9
The net unrealized position as of December 31, 1997 included no gains or
losses (1996--gains of $0.0 million and losses of $0.1 million).
The contractual maturities of the short-term investments as of December 31,
1997 were:
AMORTIZED AGGREGATE
COST FAIR VALUE
--------- ----------
Due in one year or less................................. $ 4.9 $ 4.9
Due after one year through five years................... 10.0 10.0
----- -----
$14.9 $14.9
===== =====
49
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Although some of the contractual maturities of these short-term investments
are over one year, management's intent is to use the funds for current
operations and not hold the investments to maturity.
For the year ended December 31, 1997, there were no proceeds from sales of
short-term investments. For the same period in 1996 and 1995, the proceeds
from the sale of short-term investments were $31.1 million and $25.9 million,
respectively, with no realized gains or losses in either period. Realized
gains and losses are presented in "Interest and finance costs, net" and are
computed using the specific identification method.
The change in the net unrealized holding gains or losses on Available-for-
Sale securities for the year ended December 31, 1997, was a gain of $0.1
million. For the same period in 1996, there was a net unrealized holding loss
of $0.1 million.
Cash and cash equivalents included $20.8 million of debt securities whose
cost approximated market value as of December 31, 1997 (1996--$30.0 million)
and for which there were no realized gains or losses recorded in the period.
4. INVENTORIES
The carrying value of inventories consisted of the following:
1996 1997
------ ------
Crude oil..................................................... $105.8 $ 80.2
Refined products and blendstocks.............................. 136.8 143.4
Convenience products.......................................... 17.6 22.4
Warehouse stock and other..................................... 16.9 15.5
------ ------
$277.1 $261.5
====== ======
As of December 31, 1997, crude oil and refined product inventories' LIFO
cost exceeded market value by $19.2 million, resulting in a valuation write-
down. As of December 31, 1996, the market value of crude oil and refined
product inventories was approximately $81.7 million above the carrying value.
5. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:
1996 1997
------- -------
Land....................................................... $ 19.7 $ 26.7
Refineries................................................. 434.6 443.7
Retail stores.............................................. 210.0 244.0
Product terminals and pipelines............................ 64.4 67.1
Other...................................................... 12.1 10.9
------- -------
740.8 792.4
Accumulated depreciation and amortization.................. (183.5) (214.4)
------- -------
$ 557.3 $ 578.0
======= =======
As of December 31, 1997, property, plant and equipment included $48.7
million (1996--$43.8 million) of construction in progress. Capital lease
assets at cost of $24.6 million (1996--$25.3 million) were included in
property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 1997.
50
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
6. OTHER ASSETS
Other assets consisted of the following:
1996 1997
----- -----
Deferred financing costs......................................... $29.8 $17.7
Deferred turnaround costs........................................ 17.0 43.9
Investment in non-consolidated affiliates........................ 6.4 7.7
Other............................................................ 1.3 0.9
----- -----
$54.5 $70.2
===== =====
Amortization of deferred financing costs for the year ended December 31,
1997 was $10.2 million (1996--$10.2 million; 1995--$6.5 million). Amortization
of turnaround costs for the year ended December 31, 1997 was $20.5 million
(1996--$11.1 million; 1995--$12.0 million).
7. WORKING CAPITAL FACILITY
On September 25, 1997, Clark entered into a $400 million revolving credit
facility. The credit facility, which expires on December 31, 1999, provides
for borrowings and the issuance of letters of credit of up to the lesser of
$400 million or the amount available under a defined borrowing base calculated
with respect to Clark's cash and cash equivalents, eligible investments,
eligible receivables and eligible petroleum inventories ($486.0 million as of
December 31, 1997). Direct borrowings under the credit facility are limited to
$50 million. Clark uses the facility primarily for the issuance of letters of
credit to secure purchases of crude oil. Clark is required to comply with
certain financial covenants including maintaining defined levels of working
capital, cash, cash equivalents and qualifying investments, tangible net
worth, and cumulative cash flow, as defined. As of December 31, 1997, $272.1
million of the line of credit was utilized for letters of credit, of which
$121.0 million supported commitments for future deliveries of petroleum
products. As of December 31, 1996, under the previous facility, $298.5 million
of the line of credit was utilized for letters of credit, of which $78.4
supported commitments for future deliveries of petroleum products. There were
no direct cash borrowings under any revolving credit facility as of December
31, 1997 and 1996.
8. LONG-TERM DEBT
1996 1997
------ ------
8 3/8% Senior Notes due November 15, 2007 ("8 3/8% Senior
Notes")..................................................... $ -- $ 99.3
8 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes due November 15, 2007
("8 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes")........................ -- 173.8
Floating Rate Term Loan due November 15, 2003 and 2004
("Floating Rate Loan")...................................... -- 125.0
10 1/2% Senior Notes due December 1, 2001 ("10 1/2% Senior
Notes")..................................................... 225.0 --
9 1/2% Senior Notes due September 15, 2004 ("9 1/2% Senior
Notes")..................................................... 175.0 175.0
10 7/8% Senior Notes due December 1, 2005 ("10 7/8% Senior
Notes")..................................................... 175.0 175.0
Senior Secured Zero Coupon Notes, due February 15, 2000
("Zero Coupon Notes")....................................... 188.8 3.5
Obligations under capital leases and other notes............. 20.6 17.6
------ ------
784.4 769.2
Less current portion....................................... 3.0 3.3
------ ------
$781.4 $765.9
====== ======
51
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The estimated fair value of long-term debt as of December 31, 1997 was
$793.9 million (1996--$803.6 million), determined using quoted market prices
for these issues. The obligations under capital leases have a market value
which approximates cost.
The 9 1/2% Senior Notes and 10 1/2% Senior Notes were issued by Clark in
September 1992 and December 1991, respectively, and are unsecured. The 9 1/2%
Senior Notes are redeemable at the Company's option at a redemption price
beginning September 1997 at 104.75% of principal and decreasing to 100% of
principal two years later. The 10 1/2% Senior Notes were redeemed in December
1997 at 102.625% of principal with a portion of the proceeds from the new
offerings described below and available cash.
The 8 3/8% Senior Notes and 8 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes were issued by
Clark in November 1997, at a discount of 0.734% and 0.719%, respectively.
These notes are unsecured, with the 8 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes
subordinated in right of payment to all unsubordinated indebtedness of the
Company. The 8 3/8% Senior Notes and 8 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes are
redeemable at the option of the Company beginning November 2002, at a
redemption price of 104.187% of principal and 104.437% of principal,
respectively, which decreases to 100% of principal amount in 2004 and 2005,
respectively. Up to 35% in aggregate principal amount of the notes originally
issued are redeemable at the option of the Company out of the net proceeds of
one or more equity offerings at any time prior to November 15, 2001, at a
redemption price equal to 108.875% of principal.
Clark also borrowed $125.0 million under a floating rate term loan agreement
expiring in 2004. Of the principal outstanding, 25% must be repaid in 2003.
The Floating Rate Loan is a senior unsecured obligation of Clark and bears
interest at the London Interbank Offer Rate (LIBOR) plus a margin of 275 basis
points, 8.625% for the current quarter. The loan may be repaid in whole or in
part at any time at the redemption price of 102.5% of principal in the first
year, 101.25% of principal in the second year and at 100% of principal
thereafter.
In December 1995, Clark USA issued the 10 7/8% Senior Notes in connection
with the Oxy and Gulf transactions (see Note 15 "Oxy/Gulf Transactions").
These notes are redeemable at the Company's option beginning December 1, 2000
at a redemption price of 105% of principal which decreases to 100% of
principal in 2003. Up to 35% in the aggregate principal amount of the notes
originally issued are redeemable at the option of the Company out of the net
proceeds of a public offering at any time prior to December 1998, at a
redemption price equal to 110.875% of principal.
In February 1993, Clark USA issued Zero Coupon Notes with a value at
maturity of $264 million. The notes were collateralized by the capital stock
owned by Clark USA of each of its subsidiaries (of which Clark is the
principal subsidiary) and had a yield to maturity of 11% per annum. In
November 1997, Clark USA repurchased for $206.6 million, $259.2 million at
maturity of its Zero Coupon Notes. To facilitate this transaction, Clark
returned capital to the Company of $215.0 million. At December 31, 1997, $4.5
million, valued at maturity, of the Zero Coupon Notes remained outstanding.
The remaining Zero Coupon Notes are expected to be called in February 1998, at
100% of principal. Non-cash interest expense of $18.9 million was recorded in
1997 (1996--$19.2 million, 1995--$17.2 million) for the Zero Coupon Notes.
The Clark and Clark USA note indentures contain certain restrictive
covenants including limitations on the payment of dividends, limitations on
the payment of amounts to related parties, limitations on the incurrence of
debt, redemption provisions related to change of control and incurrence of
liens. Clark USA must have a net worth of $220 million before any dividends
could be paid. Clark must maintain a minimum net worth of $100 million.
During 1995, Clark entered into two sale/leaseback lease transactions for a
total of $24.3 million. Each capital lease has a term of five years. One lease
has a fixed lease rate of 8.36% and the other lease rate floats at a spread of
2.25% over LIBOR.
52
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The scheduled maturities of long-term debt during the next five years are
(in millions): 1998--$3.3 (included in "Accrued expenses and other"); 1999--
$3.3; 2000--$15.2; 2001--$0.0; 2002--$0.0; 2003 and thereafter--$750.1.
Extinguishment of Debt
In 1997, the Company redeemed the 10 1/2% Senior Notes and repurchased
substantially all of the Zero Coupon Notes. As a result, the Company recorded
an extraordinary loss of $20.7 million for the redemption and repurchase
premiums ($8.4 million), the write-off of deferred financing costs ($10.9
million) and other related costs ($1.4 million).
Interest and finance costs
Interest and finance costs, net, included in the statements of earnings,
consisted of the following:
1995 1996 1997
----- ------ ------
Interest expense...................................... $60.9 $ 81.1 $ 82.6
Financing costs....................................... 6.5 10.2 14.2
Interest and finance income........................... (6.8) (42.8) (15.3)
----- ------ ------
60.6 48.5 81.5
Capitalized interest.................................. (1.4) (1.0) (1.4)
----- ------ ------
Interest and finance costs, net....................... $59.2 $ 47.5 $ 80.1
===== ====== ======
Cash paid for interest expense in 1997 was $63.8 million (1996--$62.0
million; 1995--$42.2 million). Accrued interest payable as of December 31,
1997 of $10.3 million (December 31, 1996--$8.4 million) was included in
"Accrued expenses and other." Included in interest and finance income for 1996
was $31.8 million of finance income, including a $10.9 million gain on sale,
related to the advance crude oil purchase receivables.
9. LEASE COMMITMENTS
The Company leases premises and equipment under lease arrangements, many of
which are non-cancelable. The Company leases store property and equipment with
lease terms extending to 2017, some of which have escalation clauses based on
a set amount or increases in the Consumer Price Index. The Company also has
operating lease agreements for certain equipment at the refineries, retail
stores, and the general office. These lease terms range from 1 to 8 years with
the option to purchase some of the equipment at the end of the lease term at
fair market value. The leases generally provide that the Company pay taxes,
insurance, and maintenance expenses related to the leased assets. As of
December 31, 1997, net future minimum lease payments under capital leases and
non-cancelable operating leases were as follows (in millions): 1998--$17.9;
1999--$17.8; 2000--$23.5; 2001--$10.1; 2002--$8.8; and $106.2 in the aggregate
thereafter. Rental expense during 1997 was $17.0 million (1996--$16.5 million;
1995--$10.3 million).
10. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Transactions of significance with related parties not disclosed elsewhere in
the footnotes are detailed below:
Management Services and Trade Credit Guarantees
TrizecHahn and Clark had agreements to provide certain management services
to each other from time to time. Clark established trade credit with various
suppliers of its petroleum requirements, occasionally requiring
53
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
the guarantee of TrizecHahn. Fees related to trade credit guarantees totaled
$0.2 million and $0.2 million in 1995 and 1996, respectively. The last trade
credit guarantee was terminated in August, 1996.
On November 3, 1997, Blackstone Capital Partners III Merchant Banking Fund
L.P. and its affiliates ("Blackstone") acquired a controlling interest in
Clark USA (the "Blackstone Transaction"). In connection with the Blackstone
Transaction, affiliates of Blackstone received fees of $7.0 million, and the
Company reimbursed Blackstone for $1.7 million of out-of-pocket expenses
related to the Blackstone Transaction, and the issuance of the 8 3/8% Senior
Notes and 8 7/8% Senior Subordinated Notes and entering into the Floating Rate
Loan (the "Offering"). In addition, the Company is negotiating a monitoring
agreement with an affiliate of Blackstone under which Blackstone would receive
a monitoring fee equal to $2.0 million per annum. As of December 31, 1997, the
Company had a payable to Blackstone of $2.0 million for annual monitoring
fees. Affiliates of Blackstone may in the future receive customary fees for
advisory services rendered to the Company. Such fees will be negotiated from
time to time with the independent members of the Company's board of directors
on an arm's-length basis and will be based on the services performed and the
prevailing fees then charged by third parties for comparable services.
AOC L.P.--Contingent Consideration
On May 5, 1997 a complaint, entitled AOC Limited Partnership ("AOC L.P.") et
al., vs. TrizecHahn Corporation, et al., Case No. 97 CH 05543 naming the
Company as a defendant was filed in the Circuit Court of Cook County,
Illinois. The Complaint seeks $21 million, plus continuing interest, related
to the sale of equity by the Company to finance the Port Arthur refinery
acquisition. The sale of such equity triggered a calculation of a potential
contingent payment to AOC L.P. (the "AOC L.P. Contingent Payment") pursuant to
the agreement related to the December 1992 purchase and redemption of its
minority interest. According to the Company's calculation, no payment is
required. The Complaint disputes the Company's method of calculation. The AOC
L.P. Contingent Payment is an amount which shall not exceed in the aggregate
$33.9 million and is contractually payable 89% by the Company and 11% by
TrizecHahn. TrizecHahn has indemnified the Company for any AOC L.P. Contingent
Payment in excess of $7 million. At this time no estimate can be made as to
the Company's potential liability, if any, with respect to this matter.
Finance Cost Reimbursement
As of December 31, 1997, the Company is due $1.3 million from TrizecHahn for
reimbursable costs associated with the equity recapitalization (see Note 13
"Equity Recapitalization and Change in Control").
11. POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSIONS
The following table sets forth the unfunded status for the post retirement
health and life insurance plans:
1996 1997
----- -----
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation:
Retirees..................................................... $11.9 $10.7
Fully eligible plan participants............................. 0.9 1.2
Other plan participants...................................... 16.7 15.3
----- -----
Total...................................................... 29.5 27.2
Unrecognized net gain/(loss)................................... (0.2) 3.7
Unrecognized prior service cost................................ 0.6 0.6
----- -----
Accrued postretirement benefit liability....................... $29.9 $31.5
===== =====
54
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The components of net periodic postretirement benefit costs are as follows:
1995 1996 1997
---- ---- ----
Service Costs................................................ $1.0 $1.1 $1.1
Interest Costs............................................... 2.2 2.1 1.7
---- ---- ----
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost..................... $3.2 $3.2 $2.8
==== ==== ====
A discount rate of 7.50% (1996-7.50%) was assumed as well as a 4.00% (1996-
4.25%) rate of increase in the compensation level. For measuring the expected
postretirement benefit obligation, the health care cost trend rate ranged from
6.50% to 9.25% in 1997, grading down to an ultimate rate in 2003 of 5.25%. The
effect of increasing the average health care cost trend rates by one
percentage point would increase the accumulated postretirement benefit
obligation, as of December 31, 1997, by $4.1 million and increase the annual
aggregate service and interest costs by $0.5 million.
12. INCOME TAXES
The Company provides for deferred taxes under the asset and liability
approach which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities
for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the
carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities.
The income tax provision (benefit) is summarized as follows:
1995 1996 1997
------ ------ -------
Earnings (loss) before provision for income
taxes:
Continuing operations..................... $(59.0) $(59.3) $ (79.8)
Extraordinary item........................ -- -- (20.7)
------ ------ -------
$(59.0) $(59.3) $(100.5)
====== ====== =======
Income tax provision (benefit):
Continuing operations..................... $(21.9) $ (3.1) $ 7.6
Extraordinary item........................ -- -- --
------ ------ -------
$(21.9) $ (3.1) $ 7.6
====== ====== =======
Current provision (benefit)--Federal...... $ -- $ (0.3) $ 5.9
--State........ -- 4.8 1.7
------ ------ -------
-- 4.5 7.6
------ ------ -------
Deferred provision (benefit)--Federal..... (21.9) (0.8) --
--State....... -- (6.8) --
------ ------ -------
(21.9) (7.6) --
------ ------ -------
Income tax provision (benefit)............ $(21.9) $ (3.1) $ 7.6
====== ====== =======
A reconciliation between the income tax provision computed on pretax income
at the statutory federal rate and the actual provision for income taxes is as
follows:
1995 1996 1997
------ ------ ------
Federal taxes computed at 35%........................ $(20.6) $(20.8) $(35.2)
State taxes, net of federal effect................... (3.6) (1.3) 1.2
Nontaxable dividend income........................... (2.2) (2.4) (1.9)
Valuation allowance.................................. -- 18.8 43.9
Other items, net..................................... 4.5 2.6 (0.4)
------ ------ ------
Income tax provision (benefit)....................... $(21.9) $ (3.1) $ 7.6
====== ====== ======
55
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The following represents the approximate tax effect of each significant
temporary difference giving rise to deferred tax liabilities and assets as of
December 31, 1996 and 1997:
1996 1997
------ ------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment.............................. $ 85.6 $ 96.5
Turnaround costs........................................... 4.9 13.1
Inventory.................................................. 18.0 --
Other...................................................... 0.1 0.8
------ ------
108.6 110.4
====== ======
Deferred tax assets:
Alternative minimum tax credit............................. 17.5 12.6
Trademarks................................................. 4.4 4.5
Environmental and other future costs....................... 19.0 20.3
Tax loss carryforwards..................................... 80.6 114.5
Inventory.................................................. -- 3.1
Other...................................................... 5.9 18.1
------ ------
127.4 173.1
------ ------
Valuation allowance.......................................... (18.8) (62.7)
------ ------
Net deferred tax liability................................... $ -- $ --
====== ======
As of December 31, 1997, the Company has made net cumulative payments of
$12.6 million under the Federal alternative minimum tax system which are
available to reduce future regular income tax payments. As of December 31,
1997, the Company had a Federal net operating loss carryforward of $294.0
million and Federal business tax credit carryforwards in the amount of $3.3
million. Such operating losses and tax credit carryforwards have carryover
periods of 15 years and are available to reduce future tax liabilities through
the years ending December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
The valuation allowance as of December 31, 1997 was $62.7 million (1996--
$18.8 million). In calculating the increase in the valuation allowance, the
Company assumed as future taxable income only future reversals of existing
taxable temporary differences and available tax planning strategies.
During 1997, the Company made a Federal tax payment of $5.0 million in
settlement of an Internal Revenue Service examination for tax years ended
December 31, 1993 and December 31, 1994 and made net cash state tax payments
of $2.7 million (1996--$0.7 million; 1995--$0.6 million).
Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code restricts the utilization of net
operating losses and other carryover tax attributes upon the occurrence of an
ownership change, as defined. Such an ownership change occurred during 1997 as
a result of the purchase of a majority interest in the Company by an affiliate
of Blackstone (see Note 13 "Equity Recapitalization and Change in Control").
However, based upon the existence of future taxable income from reversals of
existing taxable temporary differences and available tax planning strategies,
management believes such limitation will not restrict the Company's ability to
significantly utilize the net operating losses over the 15 year carryforward
period.
13. EQUITY RECAPITALIZATION AND CHANGE IN CONTROL
On October 1, 1997, the Company reclassified all shares of Class A Common
Stock held by Tiger Management to a new Class E Common Stock. Subsequently,
TrizecHahn purchased all of the Class E Common
56
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Stock for $7.00 per share in cash totaling $63 million. The new Class E Common
Stock was then converted into 63,000 shares ($1,000 liquidation preference per
share) of 11 1/2% Senior Cumulative Exchangeable Preferred Stock par value
$0.01 per share ("Exchangeable Preferred Stock"), which was sold on October 1,
1997 for face value. The Exchangeable Preferred Stock is redeemable at the
Company's option, in whole or part, on or after October 1, 2002 at the
redemption price of 105.75% of principal. The Company is required, subject to
certain conditions, to redeem all of the Exchangeable Preferred Stock on
October 1, 2009. The Exchangeable Preferred Stock is exchangeable, subject to
certain conditions, at the option of the Company, into 11 1/2% Subordinated
Exchange Debentures due 2009.
In connection with the above transactions all remaining shares of Class A
Common Stock were converted to Common Stock. In addition, Common Stock held by
affiliates of Oxy was converted to a new Class F Common Stock which has voting
rights limited to 19.9% of the total voting power of all classes of the
Company's voting stock, but is convertible into Common Stock by any Holder
other than affiliates of Oxy. Oxy was also issued an additional 545,455 shares
of Class F Common Stock in full satisfaction of certain terms in the Oxy
Stockholders' Agreement.
The Blackstone Transaction triggered the Change of Control covenant in Clark
USA's Zero Coupon Notes and Clark's 9 1/2% Senior Notes and 10 1/2% Senior
Notes and could have triggered the Change of Control covenant in the Clark
USA's 10 7/8% Senior Notes had it resulted in a Ratings Decline (as defined)
during the 90 days following the Change of Control. Under such covenants,
noteholders had the right to require the Company to Repurchase their notes at
101% of face value. However, all of the 10 1/2% Senior Notes and the Zero
Coupon Notes were redeemed or repurchased in late 1997 and early 1998 in
connection with the Offering, and the Company was only required to repurchase
$3.3 million of the 9 1/2% Senior Notes during the Change of Control tender
period. In addition, the Blackstone Transaction did not result in a Ratings
Decline. Clark's credit facility was amended to permit the acquisition by
Blackstone of the Company's Common Stock.
14. RECAPITALIZATION, ASSET WRITE-OFF'S AND OTHER CHARGES
In 1997, the Company recorded a charge to operations in the amount of $51.8
million for recapitalization expenses, asset write-offs, and other charges
incurred in connection with the Company's equity recapitalization and change
in control.
The total charge includes $22.8 million of asset write-offs principally
related to an investment in a project initiated to produce low-sulfur diesel
fuel at the Hartford refinery (the "DHDS Project"). In 1992, this project was
delayed based on internal and third party analysis that indicated an
oversupply of low-sulfur diesel fuel capacity in the Company's market. Based
on the analysis, the Company projected relatively narrow price differentials
between low and high sulfur products. In December 1997, subsequent to the
Blackstone Transaction, the Company determined that certain equipment
purchased for the DHDS Project would yield a higher value being utilized at
the Hartford and Port Arthur refineries, rather than remaining idle until the
diesel fuel differentials widened sufficiently to justify completing the DHDS
Project. As a result of this decision, the equipment was written down to its
fair market value.
In connection with the Blackstone Transaction, the Company incurred costs of
$10.7 million which included transaction, advisory, and monitoring fees. The
Company also recorded a charge of $18.3 million, resulting from a change in
strategic direction, primarily for certain environmental, legal and other
accruals related to existing actions.
57
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
15. OXY/GULF TRANSACTIONS
In December 1995, the Company completed separate transactions with Oxy and
Gulf. Pursuant to a merger agreement and a series of related agreements with
Oxy, the Company acquired the right to receive the equivalent of 17.661
million barrels of WTI to be delivered through 2001. In connection with this
transaction, the Company issued common stock (considered a non-cash activity
for the purposes of the Statement of Cash Flows), valued at approximately $120
million, or $22 per share (5,454,545 shares), and paid $100 million in cash to
Oxy. In October 1996, Clark sold the Oxy advance crude oil purchase receivable
for net cash proceeds of $235.4 million after receiving value for
approximately 1.5 million barrels during 1996. The effect of the sale
increased net Stockholders' Equity by approximately $110.6 million and the
Company realized a gain on the sale of $10.9 million.
Pursuant to a merger agreement and a series of related agreements with Gulf,
the Company acquired the right to receive the equivalent of 3.164 million
barrels of Djeno crude oil to be delivered through 2001. In connection with
this transaction, the Company issued common stock valued at approximately
$26.9 million, or $22 per share (1,222,273 shares), to Gulf. These shares were
escrowed as collateral for future deliveries. The Company also paid upfront
fees of $9.4 million and was obligated to pay additional commissions on future
deliveries by Oxy and Gulf up to approximately $7 million. In March 1998, the
Company settled the obligations outstanding between the Company and Gulf
arising out of these transactions. The Company paid Gulf $4 million, released
213,654 escrowed shares of Common Stock to Gulf, and released Gulf from its
obligation to deliver certain amounts of crude oil through 2001. In exchange,
Gulf agreed to release the Company from obligations to pay further commissions
related to these transactions and agreed to allow the Company to cancel the
remaining 1,008,619 shares of its escrowed Common Stock.
For the year ended December 31, 1996, the Company recorded finance income of
$31.8 million, inclusive of the gain on sale related to the advance crude oil
purchase transactions, which was reflected in "Interest and finance costs,
net".
16. STOCK OPTION PLANS
The Company has adopted a compensatory Long-Term Performance Plan (the
"Performance Plan"). Under the Performance Plan, designated employees,
including executive officers, of the Company and its subsidiaries and other
related entities are eligible to receive awards in the form of stock options,
stock appreciation rights and stock grants.
An aggregate of 1,250,000 shares of Clark USA Inc., Common Stock may be
awarded under the Performance Plan, either from authorized, unissued shares
which have been reserved for such purpose or from shares purchased on the open
market, subject to adjustment in the event of a stock split, stock dividend,
recapitalization or similar change in the outstanding Common Stock of the
Company. The options normally extend for 10 years and become exercisable
within 3 years of the grant date. Additionally, under this plan the stock
options granted may not be sold or otherwise transferred, and are not
exercisable until after a public offering of stock is completed by the Company
or change of control (as defined in the Plan). The Blackstone Transaction
constituted a change in control under the Plan. Stock granted under this plan
is priced at the fair market value at the date of grant.
During 1997 and 1996, no additional shares were granted under this Plan. In
1995, 549,000 shares were granted under this Plan and priced at the fair
market value at the date of grant. As of December 31, 1997, 531,500 stock
options were outstanding (1996--549,000) at an exercise price of $15 per
share.
58
CLARK USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
17. CONTINGENCIES
Clark and the Company are subject to various legal proceedings related to
governmental regulations and other actions arising out of the normal course of
business, including legal proceedings related to environmental matters. Among
those actions and proceedings are the following:
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ("EEOC") alleged that Clark had
engaged in age discrimination in violation of the Age Discrimination in
Employment Act. The action involves 38 former managers it believes have been
affected by an alleged pattern and practice. The relief sought by the EEOC
includes reinstatement or reassignment of the individuals allegedly affected,
payment of back wages and benefits, an injunction prohibiting employment
practices which discriminate on the basis of age, and institution of practices
to eradicate the effects of any past discriminatory practices.
Clark is the subject of a purported class action lawsuit related to an on-
site electrical malfunction at Clark's Blue Island Refinery on October 7,
1994, which resulted in the release to the atmosphere of used catalyst
containing low levels of heavy metals, including antimony, nickel and
vanadium. This release resulted in the temporary evacuation of certain areas
near the refinery, including a high school, and approximately fifty people
were taken to area hospitals. Clark offered to reimburse the medical expenses
incurred by persons receiving treatment. The purported class action lawsuit
was filed on behalf of various named individuals and purported plaintiff
classes, including residents of Blue Island, Illinois and Eisenhower High
School students, alleging claims based on common law nuisance, negligence,
willful and wanton negligence and the Illinois Family Expense Act as a result
of this incident. Plaintiffs seek to recover damages in an unspecified amount
for alleged medical expenses, diminished property values, pain and suffering
and other damages. Plaintiffs also seek punitive damages in an unspecified
amount.
While it is not possible at this time to establish the ultimate amount of
liability with respect to the Company's contingent liabilities, Clark and the
Company are of the opinion that the aggregate amount of any such liabilities,
for which provision has not been made, will not have a material adverse effect
on their financial position; however, an adverse outcome of any one or more of
these matters could have a material effect on quarterly or annual operating
results or cash flows when resolved in a future period.
59
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
ON FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
To the Board of Directors of Clark USA, Inc:
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Clark USA, Inc. as
of and for the year ended December 31, 1997, and have issued our report
thereon dated February 6, 1998; such consolidated financial statements and
report are included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Our audit also included the
financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended December 31, 1997,
listed in Item 14. This financial statement schedule is the responsibility of
the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion based on
our audit. In our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered
in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents
fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
St. Louis, Missouri
February 6, 1998
60
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
ON FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
To the Board of Directors of Clark USA, Inc:
Our report on the financial statements of Clark USA, Inc., and Subsidiaries
is included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. In connection with our audits of such
consolidated financial statements, we have also audited the financial
statement schedule as of December 31, 1996 and for the years ended December
31, 1995 and 1996 listed in Part IV, Item 14(a)(2) of this Form 10-K.
In our opinion, the financial statement schedule referred to above, when
considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as
a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information required
to be included therein.
Coopers & Lybrand L. L. P.
St. Louis, Missouri
February 4, 1997
61
CLARK USA, INC.
SCHEDULE I--CONDENSED INFORMATION OF THE REGISTRANT
NON-CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
DECEMBER 31,
---------------
1996 1997
------ -------
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents................................... $ 18.3 $ 2.1
Accounts receivable......................................... 0.2 --
Income taxes receivable..................................... 3.3 2.5
Receivables from affiliates................................. 10.2 18.9
------ -------
Total current assets...................................... 32.0 23.5
Investments in affiliated companies........................... 536.7 263.7
Deferred income taxes......................................... 1.0 0.2
Other......................................................... 15.4 4.2
------ -------
$585.1 $ 291.6
====== =======
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accrued expenses and other.................................. $ 1.9 $ 3.1
Payables to affiliates...................................... 0.6 1.4
------ -------
Total current liabilities................................. 2.5 4.5
Long-term debt................................................ 363.8 178.6
Other long-term liabilities................................... 4.3 5.3
Exchangeable Preferred Stock
($.01 par value per share; 250,000 shares authorized; 63,000
shares issued).............................................. -- 64.8
Stockholders' equity
Common stock
Common, $.01 par value, 14,759,782 issued................. 0.2 0.1
Class A Common............................................ 0.1 --
Class F Common, convertible, $.01 par value, 6,000,000 is-
sued..................................................... -- 0.1
Paid-in capital............................................. 296.1 230.0
Advance crude oil purchase receivable from stockholders..... (26.5) (26.5)
Retained earnings (deficit)................................. (55.4) (165.3)
------ -------
Total stockholders' equity................................ 214.5 38.4
------ -------
$585.1 $ 291.6
====== =======
See accompanying note to non-consolidated financial statements.
62
CLARK USA, INC.
SCHEDULE I--CONDENSED INFORMATION OF THE REGISTRANT
NON-CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------
1995 1996 1997
------ ------ -------
Revenues:
Equity in net loss of affiliates.................... $(24.4) $(37.1) $ (59.0)
Expenses:
General and administrative expenses................. 0.1 0.3 0.5
Recapitalization, asset write-offs and other
charges............................................ -- -- 1.8
Interest and finance costs, net..................... 19.4 8.9 40.4
------ ------ -------
Loss before income taxes and extraordinary item....... (43.9) (46.3) (101.7)
Income tax (provision) benefit...................... 6.8 (9.9) 3.6
------ ------ -------
Loss before extraordinary item........................ (37.1) (56.2) (98.1)
Extinguishment of debt.............................. -- -- (10.0)
------ ------ -------
Net loss.............................................. (37.1) (56.2) (108.1)
Preferred stock dividends........................... -- -- (1.8)
------ ------ -------
Net loss available to common stock.................... $(37.1) $(56.2) $(109.9)
====== ====== =======
See accompanying note to non-consolidated financial statements.
63
CLARK USA, INC.
SCHEDULE I--CONDENSED INFORMATION OF THE REGISTRANT
NON-CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
---------- ---------- ----------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss................................. $ (37.1) $ (56.2) $ (108.1)
Extraordinary item....................... -- -- 10.0
Non-cash items:
Equity in net loss of affiliates....... 24.4 37.1 59.0
Amortization........................... 18.3 22.8 22.0
Deferred income taxes.................. (6.8) 14.4 0.8
Sale of advanced crude oil purchase re-
ceivable.............................. -- (10.9) --
Other.................................. -- -- 1.0
Cash provided by (reinvested in) working
capital
Accounts receivable, prepaid expenses
and other............................. 1.5 -- (2.3)
Receivables from and payables to affil-
iates................................. (2.9) (1.1) (8.0)
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities
and other............................. 1.7 -- 1.3
Income taxes payable................... 0.5 (2.8) 3.3
---------- --------- ----------
Net cash provided by (used in) oper-
ating activities.................... (0.4) 3.3 (21.0)
---------- --------- ----------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Contribution (to) from subsidiary...... (161.1) (33.6) 214.0
Advance crude oil purchase receivable.. (105.9) 6.5 --
---------- --------- ----------
Net cash used in investing activi-
ties................................ (267.0) (27.1) 214.0
---------- --------- ----------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of long-term
debt.................................. 175.0 -- --
Deferred financing costs............... (19.1) (1.1) --
Long-term debt payment................. -- -- (206.9)
Proceeds from sale of stock............ 135.5 -- --
Stock issuance costs................... (1.5) -- (2.3)
---------- --------- ----------
Net cash provided by (used in) in-
vesting activities.................. 289.9 (1.1) (209.2)
---------- --------- ----------
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equiva-
lents and short-term investments.......... 22.5 (24.9) (16.2)
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term in-
vestments, beginning of period............ 20.7 43.2 18.3
---------- --------- ----------
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term in-
vestments, end of period.................. $ 43.2 $ 18.3 $ 2.1
========== ========= ==========
See accompanying note to non-consolidated financial statements.
64
CLARK USA, INC.
SCHEDULE I--CONDENSED INFORMATION OF THE REGISTRANT
NOTE TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995, 1996 AND 1997
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
These unaudited non-consolidated financial statements have been prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, except that they are
prepared on a non-consolidated basis for the purpose of complying with Article
12 of regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information
and disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles for
complete financial statements. Clark USA's non-consolidated operations include
100% equity interest in Clark Refining & Marketing, Inc., Clark Pipe Line
Company, and OTG, Inc.
For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements,
including the notes thereto, included in this Form 10-K.
65
SIGNATURES
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, THE REGISTRANT HAS DULY CAUSED THIS REPORT TO BE SIGNED
ON ITS BEHALF BY THE UNDERSIGNED, THEREUNTO DULY AUTHORIZED.
Clark USA, Inc.
/s/ Paul D. Melnuk
By: _________________________________
PAUL D. MELNUK
PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE
OFFICER
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, THIS
REPORT HAS BEEN SIGNED BELOW BY THE FOLLOWING PERSONS ON BEHALF OF THE
REGISTRANT AND IN THE CAPACITIES AND ON THE DATE INDICATED.
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
/s/ Paul D. Melnuk Director, Chief March 25, 1998
- ------------------------------------- Executive Officer
PAUL D. MELNUK and President
/s/ Stephen I. Chazen Director March 25, 1998
- -------------------------------------
STEPHEN I. CHAZEN
/s/ Marshall A. Cohen Director and March 25, 1998
- ------------------------------------- Chairman of the
MARSHALL A. COHEN Board
/s/ David I. Foley Director March 25, 1998
- -------------------------------------
DAVID I. FOLEY
/s/ David A. Stockman Director March 25, 1998
- -------------------------------------
DAVID A. STOCKMAN
/s/ Maura J. Clark Executive Vice March 25, 1998
- ------------------------------------- President,
MAURA J. CLARK Corporate
Development and
Chief Financial
Officer (Principal
Financial Officer)
/s/ Dennis R. Eichholz Controller and March 25, 1998
- ------------------------------------- Treasurer
DENNIS R. EICHHOLZ (Principal
Accounting Officer)
66